NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
10
A.
Statement showing the admissions from Primary Syphilis and Gonorrhœa amongst
British Troops, excluding relapse cases &c., and 1st Class Registered Prosti-
tutes at Lock-Hospital for 1876.
Months.
Admissions British Troops.
1 s t C l a s s P r o s t i t u e s a d -
m i t t e d i n t o L o c k H o s p i -
tal.
REMARKS.
R o y a l A r t i l l e r y .
I n f a n t r y .
Tot al .
January
...
...
7
13
20
9
February
...
...
5
10
15
14
March
...
... 11
22
33
6
April
...
... 10
10
20
6
May
...
...
2
15
17
1
June
...
...
7
1
8
2
July
...
...
7
9
16
2
August
...
...
4
7
11
7
September
. .. ...
4
11
15
8
October
...
...
2
2
4
7
November
...
...
1
7
8
3
December
...
...
4
7
11
7
Total ... 64 114
178
72
Annual Report on the Kamptee Lock Hospital for the year 1876, by B. T. Suffrein,
Surgeon-Major, 2nd Light Cavalry, in Medical charge of Lock Hospital,—dated
Kamptee, 1st January 1877.
No material change has taken place in the accommodation and general
arrangement of the Lock Hospital at this station during
the past year. The roof of the Hospital externally wa
s
white-washed during the hot season with the object of
rendering the building cooler. The flood caused by the overflowing of the
river Kanhan on the 4th of September carried away a portion of the wall of the
Lock Hospital compound. This was rebuilt, and as the water rose several feet
above the floor of the buildings, they were, on its subsidence, repaired and
white-washed twice before the damage, and staining of the walls caused by the
water was obliterated. The front temporary verandah was removed on the
1st May 1876, as it interfered with the ventilation of the building. A dust
bin is now being built for the temporary reception of sweepings and other
rubbish.
Surgeon-Major W. A. Smith was in medical charge of the institution from
the 1st January until the 10th September, when he was
invalided to Europe, and relieved by Surgeon H. Allison,
who remained in charge until relieved by me on the
20th of the same month.
1. The nature and extent of
Hospital accommodation, &c.
2. Any change in the Medi-
cal charge of the Lock, &c.
11
No changes of any consequence have taken place in the subordinate medi-
cal and Hospital establishment. The duties have, as a rule, been satisfactorily
performed by all, though in one or two instances it has been necessary to inflict
fines, and to reprimand the Hospital servants for direlictions of duty.
Hospital Assistant Janakuram Pillay has always done his work efficiently
and zealously.
Weekly and monthly returns have been regularly furnished by the senior
Medical officer, British Troops, showing the admissions
from venereal disease, and the following general state
ment has been compiled from these returns :—
Statement showing the extent of venereal diseases among the European Troops in the
Cantonment of Kamptee during the year 1876.
R e g i m e n t .
P e r i o d o f o c c u p a t i o n .
A v e r a g e s t r e n g t h d u r i n g
t h e p e r i o d o f o c c u p a t i o n .
Number of admissions from venereal diseases during the
period, of occupation
.
R a t i o o f a d m i s s i o n s p e r
1 , 0 0 0 o f s t r e n g t h f o r
p e r i o d o f o c c u p a t i o n
Her Majesty's
33rd Regi-
ment.
From 1st
January to
3 1 s t De-
c e m b er
1876.
669 Primary Syphilis
. . .
. . .
43
64.27
Gonorrhœa,
...
. . .
93 139.01
Phymosis
...
. . .
. . .
n i l .
Stricture
...
.
1
1.49
Warts
. . .
nil.
Orchitis Gonorrhœa
. . .
4
5.97
Secondary Syphilis
...
. . .
4
5.97
Total
. . . 145 216.71
Deduct :
Cases contracted at other places
. . . none
n i l .
Balance number of cases contracted
at Kamptee
... ...
145 216.71
E. and G. Bat-
teries, 20th
Brigade,
Royal Artil-
lery.
From 1st
January to
31st De-
e m b e r
1876.
266 Primary Syphilis
...
. . .
13
48. 87
Gonorrhœa
...
. . .
5 7
24 14.2
4
Phymosis
...
. . .
. . .
n i l .
Stricture
...
. . .
5
18.79
Warts
. . .
n i l
.
Orchitis Gonorrhœa
...
. . .
4
15.15
Secondary Syphilis
...
. . .
14
52.63
Total
. . .
93 349.62
Deduct :—
1 case of Primary Syphilis contracted
at Nagpur
. .
1
3.75
Cases contracted at Kamptee
. . .
92 345.86
This statement shows a considerable decrease in the total number of admis-
sions for venereal disease among the European Troops, the total number being
233 against 257 in the previous year. In comparing these numbers, however.
3 . T h e e x t e n t o f v e n e r e a l
disease amongst European
Troops
.
14
innocent was, therefore,. only calculated to mislead. As Dr. Tribe very
pertinently observed just before he quitted Kamptee, gonorrhœa, as it existed in
Europe, is almost unknown in. India, where a purulent, or semi-purulent discharge
from the os uteri is the ordinary form it assumes ; and it is often extremely
difficult to distinguish between aggravated. leucorrhœa and gonorrhœa among
native women on this account,.
During the 3½ months that I have been in charge of the institution I have
only seen two or three cases which showed any approach to the copious creamy
discharge from the vagina which ordinarily marks . the , disease in European
females.
A considerable number of women have been detained on account of their
being found to be menstruating on examination days.
I have followed Dr. Smith's plan of attaching a diagram to this report,
showing the rise and fall of venereal affections among the registered prostitutes,
and the troops; but I do not know that this paper throws much light on the
subject.
The lines correspond to a considerable extent ; but this might, I think, be
expected, when it is remembered that soldiers are, as a rule, very unscrupulous
in having connection with women when they know themselves to be diseased.
I am responsible for a large number of admissions into the Lock just after
the flood of' September, as I found a great many of the women suffering from
gonorrhœa, not of a severe character, but still capable of communicating disease.
This state of things, I have no doubt, was due to the women being scattered by
the destruction of their houses, and their consequent freedom from efficient
supervision, which tempted them to promiscuous intercourse with all corners,
natives or Europeans.
During, and for a considerable period after the admission of these women:
into hospital, a marked decrease took place in the amount of fresh disease among
the troops.
The fact, however, remains that there has been a large increase in the
amount of gonorrhœa among the men during the past year, and this I have
every reason to believe is due to the great prevalence of clandestine prostitution.
Until this is efficiently prevented—at all events, so far as the troops are
concerned—it is hopeless to expect for more successful results from the working
of the lock hospital than those already attained.
The Dhaie has been employed, as already stated, in examining the regis-
tered prostitutes at their own houses. This she has not
been able to do efficiently since the Lal Bazaar was
destroyed, but when it is rebuilt she will again be employed on this duty.
I cannot improve on the very elaborate suggestions made by Dr. Smith
in his report for 1875, but I cannot conclude this report
without stating my emphatic opinion, that until stringent
rules are framed for the supervision of all female punhka
coolies, grass cutters, and the host of other native females employed in and
about the barracks, these women will always form, a fruitful source of venereal
disease among the troops.
How far Dhaies have been
employed &c.
Any information on other
matters &c.
DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING THE WORKING OF THE CONTAGIOUS DISEASE ACT KAMPTEE 1876
SHEWI NG THE TOTAL ADMI SSI ONS I NTRO LOCK . HOSPI TAL KAMPTEE FOR EACH WEEK OF 1876
Kamptee, 1st January 1877.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Local Administration or
Government.
Date on which Lock
Hospital was
established.
Act under which the
rules are in force.
Area over
which the
rules are in
force.
Estimated
native popu
lation within
the area.
Details of monthly pay of establishment.
Whether a first
or second
Class Hos
pital.
Remarks.
Rs. a. p.
1 s t C l a s s L o c k H o s p i t a l .
Medical Officer
... 100 0 0
3rd Class Hospital Assistant
. . . 25 0 0
Matron
... 10 0 0
Cooly female
. . . 25 0 0
Central Provinces ... 24th August
1861.
Act XXII. of
1864.
4 miles. 47,500 Peons at Rs. 5 each per mensem
... 10 0 0
Bhistee
...
4 0 0
Cook
5 0 0
Mehtrani
...
5 0 0
Total monthly cost of establishment ... 164 0 0
Annual Statement No. II. of the Lock Hospital at Kamptee for the year 1876.
Kamptee, 1 st January 1877 .
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Number of Registered
Prostitutes.
Average number of
prostitutes on the regis
ter in each month and
for the year.
Average number of
prostitutes attending the
periodical examinations
Number reported to
Cantonment Magistrate
or other civil authority
for non-attendance.
Number of prostitutes
found diseased at the
periodical examinations
and detained for treat-
m e n t .
Records of diseases.
Average number of
prostitutes in hospital
for each month and the
year.
Diseases.
R e m a i n e d .
A d m i t t e d .
Total.
D i s c h a r g e d .
Died.
R e m a i n i n g .
T o t a l .
Number remain-
ing on the
Register at th
end of last
year
...
January ... 80. January ..
66.6 January ...
4 January ...
13 Primary Syphilis...
1 50 51
48 ...
3 51 January ...
8¼
February ... 77.62 February .. 54.5 February ...
6 February ...
15 Gonorrhœa
...
1 108 109 104 ...
5 109 February ..
16
80 March
... 71.29 March
... 45.75 March
...
1 March
...
9 Leucorrhœa
..
2 ...
2
2 ...
...
2 March
...
24½
Number added
to the Regis-
ter during the
year 1876 ...
April
... 75.13 April
... 38. April
...
3 April
...
9 Ulcer of os uteri ..
2 ...
2
2 ... ...
2 April
...
29¾
13
May
.... 75.74 May
...
52. May
...
8 May
. . .
2
May
...
11¼
June
... 75.9 June
... 56.25 June
...
7 June
...
4
June
...
7¾
Total ...
93
Number who re-
moved their
names from
the Register,
died or abs-
conded durin
g
the year 1876.
July
... 74.16July
... 58. July
...
3 July
...
3
July
...
4¼
August ... 73.74 August ... 50.25 August ...
3 August ...
10
August ..
12
September. 74.
September . 39. September .
23 September
15
September ...
16¼
28
October ... 74. October ... 31.8 October ...
24 October . . .
10
October ...
20¾
November . 73.70November .
4 1 . November ..
6
November ..
4
November ..
12¾
Number remain-
ing on 31st De-
cember 1876 ..
65
December . 66.26 December
. 39.
December ...
.4 December ...
8
December ...
9
Total
. . .
93
Average for
the year . 74.30
Average for
the year . 47.67
Total for
the year ...
92
Total for
the year ...
102
6 158 164 156 ...
8 164
Average for
the year.. 14.37
I n s p e c t i o n s f o r t h e e x a m i n a t i o n o f a l l r e g i s t e r e d p r o s t i t u t e s w e r e h e l d r e g u l a r l y e v e r y w e e k .
16
Annual Statement No. III. of the Lock Hospital at Kamptee for the year 1876.
Kamptee, 1 st January 1877.
1
2
3
4
Receipts.
E x p e n d i t u r e .
H o w p a i d .
Month s
R e g i s t r a t i o n f e e s f r o m s
p r o s t i t u t e s .
F i n e s l e v i e d u n d e r t h eR
u l e s .
T o t a l R e c e i p t s .
P a y o f M e d i c a l O f f i c e r .
P a y o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
A l l o t h e r e x p e n s e s .
T o t a l e x p e n s e s .
B y G o v e r n m e n t .
F r o m C a n t o n m e n t F u n d s .
O t h e r s o u r c e s .
T o t a l .
Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p. Rs. a. p Rs. a.
p.
Rs. a. p.
January
... ... ...... ...
... ... ...
... ...
100 0 0 65 12 11
37 14 0
203 10
11
126 12 11
76 14 0 ... ... ...
203 10 11
February
... ... ......
2 0 0
2 0 0
100 0 0 65 11
1
60 4 0
225 15 1
1 2 6 11 1
99 4 0 ... ... ...
225 15 1
March
... ... ...... ... . ... ... ... ...
100 0 0 65 1211
90 2 0
255 14 11
1 2 6
12
1 1
129 2 0 ... ... ...
255 14 11
100 0 0 65 12
0 69 0 0
234 12 0
1 2 6 12 0
108 0 0 ... ... ...
234 12 0
April
... ... ......
0 4 0
0 4 0
May
... ... ... ...
1 0 0
1 0 0
100 0 0 65 12
1 1 38 3 0
203 15 11
126
1 2 11
77 3 0 ... ... ...
203 15 11
June
... ... ... ...
0 12 0
0 12 0
100 0 0 65 12 0 22 11 0
188 7 0
126 12 0
61 11 0 ... ... ...
1 8 8 7 0
July
... ... ...... ... ...... ... ......
100 0 0 65 12 11 29 0 2
194 13 1
126 12
1 1
68 0 2 ... ... ...
194 13 1
August
... ... ......
2 0 0
2 0 0
100 0 0 65 12 11
34 10 0
200
6
11
126 12
1 1
73 10 0 ... ... ...
200 6 11
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
100 0 0 65 12 0 49 2 0
214 14 0
126
12
0
88 2 0 ... ......
214 14 0
September
... ...
October
... ... ... ...
9 8 0
9 8 0
100 0 0 66 3 2 60 3 9
226 6 11
127 3 2
99 3 9 ... ... ...
226 6 11
November
... ... ... ...
1 8 0
1 8 0
100 0 0 66 9 4 40 9 0
207 2 4
127 9 4
79 9 0 ... ... ...
207 2 4
...
2 0 0
2 0 0
100 0 0 64 12 11 192 11 8
357 8 7
126 12 11
230 11 8
357 8 7
December
. . .
...
...
...
... ...
Total
. . . ... ...... 19 0 0 19 0 0 1,200 0 0 789 9 1 724 6 7 2,713 15 8 1,522 9 1 1,191 6 7 ... ... ... 2,713 15 8
•
17
20
Recapitulation.
7. The above remarks and suggestions may be
recapitulated as follows :—
l st.—That I am unable to obtain confirmation of the Medical Officer's
suspicions regarding clandestine prostitution, and that the amount of
disease is readily accounted for in other Ways.
2 nd .—That the number of cases amongst the men has not been large in
proportion to the number of cases amongst the women.
3 rd.—Every care should be taken to prevent cases of relapse amongst the
men, by detaining them in Hospital or in barracks till the danger of
relapse has passed.
4 th.— T h a t d i s e a s e m a y b e c o m m u n i c a t e d b y a w o m a n w h o i s m e n s t r u a t i n g ,
and that to prevent this all women should be detained in Hospital
during the period of menstruation.
5 th .—That cases of concealment occur amongst the men, which might in
part be prevented by inspections and punishment.
6th.—That the women registered for Europeans may contract disease from
natives. That their going with natives might be forbidden and
made penal.
7 th .—That women unable to attend from ordinary illness at the weekly in-
spections should be conveyed to the Hospital for examination at the
cost of the Hospital Fund.
8 th —That the medical inspections of women should be more frequent,
especialy of those licensed to consort with Europeans.
Annual Report of the Lock Hospital, Saugor, Cen'ral Provinces, for the year ending
31 st December 1876.
Hopital accommodation.
1. The accommodation is sufficient, there being beds
for twenty patients.
The Hospital has been limewashed during the year, and some repairs have
been carried out.
The Native Doctor resides in the Hospital compound, but the accommo-
dation provided for him is not suitable, and better quarters are being prepared
for him.
The Hospital and compound are in good sanitary condition.
No epidemic disease has appeared in Hospital
.
Change in medical charge of
H o s p i t a l .
2. Surgeon Major Batho was in Medical charge from 1st January to 6th
April 1876;Surgeon M. D. O'Connell, M. D., from 7th
April to 31st December 1876.
Extent of venereal disease
amongst Troops.
3. The European Garrison during the year was
as under :—
Strength.
F-11 Royal Artillery.
...
1 5 0
Detachment 1-XI Regiment
. . .
209
Registration fees.
7. Are not levied.
21
The admissions to Hospital amongst Europeans Troops was as under:—
Royal Artillery. 1-XI Regt.
Primary syphilis
. . .
. . .
3
5
secondary
. . .
. . .
0
2
Gonorrhœa
. . .
. . .
28
16
Total
...
. . .
31
23
Lock Hospital Sub-Commit-
tee.
4. Has met for transaction of business and was com
posed as under :—
Officer Commanding at Saugor.
... President.
Officer Commanding Detachment 1-XI Regiment.
Senior Medical Officer B. T.
Cantonment Magistrate.
Members.
A change was made in the Committee, the Officer Commanding R. A being
appointed President.
5. Few women have been detected practising unlicensed prostitution and
placed on the register. An attempt was made to dis-
cover unregistered prostitutes, by inducing the registered
women to give the names of any they might know.
Ten names were obtained and forwarded to authorities,
but on investigation four were placed on register.
It is a matter for regret that the Chuckla system has not been introduced at
Saugor. The advantages and disadvantages of this system are fully given in the
reports of Lock Hospitals, Central Provinces, 1875, page 44.
The average number of prostitutes absent on leave during the year has
been 5.6 monthly.
The average number on leave during the previous year 1875 was 8 7.
Special measures for control
of prostitution and specially
for preventing unlicensed pros-
titution.
Efficiency of registration,
and area of extent.
6. The registration of prostitutes has apparently
not been attended with success, at least during the past
year, judging from the number of admissions to Hospital.
The division into 1st and 2nd class prostitutes remains, the former for
Europeans and natives, the latter for natives only.
The registration extends over an area which is represented by a circle
having a radius of 4 miles from the centre of the Cantonment, population being
about 58,439.
The number of prostitutes on register on the 31st December 1876 is 59
against 67 on 31st December 1875.
Attendance at inspections.
8. The number reported for non-attendance in 1876 was 19. In 1875, 33
were reported absent. Fines have been levied by the
Magistrate, amounting to Rs. 9-0-0.
22
The money realised from fines is disposed of in purchasing clothing for the
patients in Hospital when they require it.
Arrangements for inspections.
The women of the first class are examined on Saturday. The women
of the second class are examined on Monday. They are
examined by the Medical officer in presence of the Native
Doctor and Matron.
Increase or decrease.
1. Total number of admissions to Hospital for venereal in 1876 was
103 against 119 in 1875. The following table gives
particulars :—
1872.
1873.
1874.
1875.
1876.
Gonorrhœa
. . 31
100
68
77
57
Primary syphilis
... 21
13
12
6
5
Secondary ,,
... 13
0
3
3
1
Rheumatism
...
1
0
1
1
0
Bubo
..
2
0
0
0
0
Ulcer
...
1
0
0
0
1
Leucorrhœa
...
0
1
9
32
37
Menorrhagia
...
0
0
0
0
1
Inflammation of labia
0
0
0
0
1
Total
... 69
114
93
119
103
Primary syphilis has diminished, gonorrhœa has apparently diminished,
leucorrhœa has increased although not in as great proportion as gonorrhœa has
diminished.
On the 31st December 1876 there remained in Hospital 6 cases gonorrhœa,
2 primary syphilis and 6 leucorrhœa. 1 case of primary syphilis was detected
at the venereal inspection of a draft of men of Royal Artillery on arrival from
England.
In Detachment I-XI Regiment, 1 case of secondary syphilis was twice admit
ted to Hospital.
Of 28 admissions for gonorrhœa in Royal Artillery, 12 were relapses, probably
from indulgence in drink.
Contrasted with previous year the numbers are as follows :—
1875.
1876.
F 11th Royal Artillery
20
31
Detachment I-XI Regiment
18.54
23
Total
... 38.54
54
From the total of 54 cases of venereal in 1876 should be deducted 2 cases of
secondary syphilis not acquired in Saugor, 1 case of primary syphilis not
acquired in Saugor, and 12 cases of gonorrhœa in Royal Artillery which were
relapses. This will give 39 as the number of cases of venereal disease con-
tracted at Saugor during the year as against 32.54 (the necessary deductions
having been made) the previous year. There is therefore a considerable increase
of venereal this year in Saugor.
23
Returns from Senior Medical Officer, B. T., have been received weekly
through the Cantonment Magistrate, and gave 54 admissions of Europeans as
under :—
Months.
Admissions.
Source.
January
. . .
. . .
..
.
S e v e n w o m e n w e r e p o i n t e d
o u t b y s o l d i o r s a s t h e p e r s o n sf
r o m w h o m t h e y c o n t r a c t e dd
i s e a s e .
February
. . .
004
5
March
...
...
8
April
...
. . .
9
May
. . .
. . .
5
June
. . .
. . .
7
July
. . .
. . .
5
August
...
. . .
4
September
...
...
2
October
. . .
. . .
2
November
. . .
. . .
2
December
...
...
2
Total
. . .
. . .
54
Some cases have been a very long time under treatment, probably due to
the bad constitutional condition of the patients.
The most marked beneficial result of the Lock Hospital system is to be found
in the decrease of primary syphilis.
Employment of Dhaies.
11. One Dhaie is employed in the Hospital.
Any information on other mat-
ters or suggestions for improve-
ment of the rules.
12. It is to be feared that register of prostitutes
does not correctly represent the amount of prostitution
in this district.
This opinion is based on the fact that in the district coming under the Lock
Hospital rules having a population of 58,439, there are only 59 prostitutes on the
register, and of this number 23 live in the bazaars of European Troops. So
that according to the register there are only 36 prostitutes living outside the
Regimental Bazaars in this large district.
This fact requires no comment, and I think that the remarks of the Quarter
Master General of the Army in India so fully explain the cause of the prevalence
of venereal disease in the European Troops that I quote from his Circular Memo.
No. 35, dated Quarter Master General's Office, Army Head Quarters, Simla, 8th
May 1876, para. 3 I : " in most cases the number of women on the register is not
in proportion to the number of men who visit them."
Native Medical Subordinate.
13. Fourth class Native Doctor Joy Ram has been in subordinate Medical
charge during the year. He is intelligent, zealous and
trustworthy.
M. D. O. CONNELL. M. D.,
S u r g e o n ,
In charge Lock Hospital,
6
8
Remarks.
Whether a
first or second
class hospital.
Annual Statement No. I of the Lock Hospital at Saugor for the year 1876.
Dated 1st Janua ry 1877.
. n.n.n. n...=n. n. .0,11M.
anonmnssIPP.miabll
AN, ,,.,;.=z:v.:7AVAP,ftvif., 4C11, 7i%*.01,1r-',WOng.01WV '75:1'1N90:17.
7.73?7-
zgoom47,4wA L 4,,Arg.W7-ofg,"Aggyi-t
e
' V 0.
Date on which Look
Area over Estimated
Local Government or
Hospital was esta.. Act under which the which the nativepopu-
Details of monthly pay of Establishment.
Administration.
blished.
Rules are in force, Rules are in lation with.
force,
in this area.
cc
0)
.
00
Medical Officers
Native Doctor
Matron
Bhisty
Cook
Female Sweeper
Total monthly cost of Establishment
Mo.. n
. n ...
...
.
.
II
. . .
..
Rs.
50
20
9
5
5
5
A. P.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0 0
94