NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
Fodder supply. During the past year the arrange-
ments made for obtaining hay supply were very satisfactory.
Three local contractors were engaged in place of one, and a
much larger quantity of hay than usual was collected.
The yield of fodder from the Laboratory area was also
in excess of that obtained in previous years, and efforts are
being made to increase it.
The arrangements for grain supply were satisfactory,
but on account of difficulty experienced in obtaining trans-
port we were compelled to increase slightly the rates for
carriage from Haldwani to Muktesar.
Forests. The Deputy Conservator of Forests, Naini
Tal Division, has practically completed the working-plan
for the forest areas, and it is expected that in future nearly
30,000 maunds of fuel will be available annually from the
forests instead of only 10,000 maunds as prescribed under
the old working-plan.
Water supply. The question of water supply is becom-
ing more and more difficult every year.
Owing to heavy falls of snow during February and
March, 1917, the supply of water was maintained without
much difficulty during the concluding portion of the year.
In the beginning of the year under report to overcome the
scarcity of water, arrangements had to be made to augment
the supply by the erection of three " Collecting Diggis " in
the vicinity of springs. Considerable manual labour is
required for the utilization of this water.
To economize in this direction a small portable pump
has been ordered and will be used shortly to raise the water
collected in the diggis to the well, from which it will be
raised to the distribution tanks by means of our electrically
driven pump.
Towards the end of March, the trouble connected with
the water supply was rendered more acute by the stoppage
of the pump.
The Public Works Department recently notified that the
proposed electrical pumping scheme referred to in the last
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917
3
year's report is being delayed on account of the difficulty
experienced in getting pumps and pipe lines in this country.
Electric Centrifuges. The three new centrifuges
referred to in last year's report have been erected and are
giving satisfaction. The question of obtaining six more
centrifuges of the same pattern in place of nine as originally
proposed, has been approved of by Government, and an
indent is being prepared by the Public Works Department
for submission to the makers in England.
The three old condemned centrifuges which remained in
workable condition at the close of last year have since all
become unsafe to run.
Supply of hill bulls and plains animals. Under the
arrangements in force no difficulty was experienced in pro¬
curing animals either from the hills or from the plains.
Bareilly Branch Laboratory. The Imperial Bacterio-
logist was unable to go to Bareilly in consequence of his
arrival at Muktesar only in October, 1916. The Branch
Laboratory was, however, kept open throughout the winter
for the maintenance of a supply of rinderpest virus for the
inoculations at Government Military Dairies.
Tours. Mr. Shilston visited Bareilly early in April and
in October, 1916, to see the Agricultural Adviser to the Gov-
ernment of India regarding the construction of the new
Branch Laboratory at Izatnagar and to consult with him on
some other important subjects.
Mr. Shilston visited Mona Remount Depôt on the 23rd
October, 1916, at the request of the Director General of Re-
mounts, to investigate a peculiar disease amongst horses.
On the return journey he saw the Chief Superintendent,
Civil Veterinary Department, at Amritsar regarding
dourine and halted one day at Bareilly to see the experi-
ments there, returning to Muktesar on the 29th October.
He again proceeded to Bareilly on the 4th November, 1916,
to initiate inoculations against rinderpest by the simul¬
taneous method in the military dairy farms, and visited
Sitapur Military Dairy Farm. Between the 9th and 15th
4
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
November he toured in company with the Chief Superin-
tendent, Civil Veterinary Department, Punjab, to demon-
strate the method of collecting material for the diagnosis
of dourine.
After this Mr. Shilston visited Military Dairies at Sita¬
pur and Cawnpore for the purpose of inoculating cattle, and
at the end of November he saw the Agricultural Adviser to
the Government of India at Delhi.
During the 1st and 2nd week of December, Mr. Shilston
visited Allahabad and Agra Dairy Farms to inoculate dairy
cattle there, returning to Muktesar on the 12th December.
On the 5th January he again went down to Bareilly and
from there visited Karnal to inoculate dairy cattle. From
the 19th January onward he toured in the Madras Presi-
dency with the Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment, Madras, at the request of the Madras Government, to
enquire into the question of suppression of rinderpest in
that province. Between the 3rd and 7th February he in-
oculated cattle at the Military Dairy, Bangalore, and subse-
quently visited Belgaum and Bombay.
Dr. Macalister carried out investigations in connection
with Kumri in Assam and toured there with the Super-
intendent, Civil Veterinary Department.
II. PREPARATION OF SERUMS AND VACCINES.
Rinderpest serum. During the year 1916-17, 1,243,670
doses of anti-rinderpest serum were prepared and 1,409,220
doses were issued as against 1,186,550 doses prepared and
969,460 doses issued during the year 1915-16.
The increase in the demand was due to the prevalence of
this disease in nearly all provinces.
The total amount of the bills for sale of anti-rinderpest
serum issued during the year under report comes to
Rs. 1,60,021* as against Rs. 1,09,566, realized during the
previous year.
* This amount includes Rs. 17,186 realized for the year 1915-16. Bills
amounting to Rs. 16,228 are still awaiting payment and have to be carried over
to next year's account.
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917
5
By adding to this the cost of 154,750 doses supplied free
to the Military Department, the total revenue from this
source would amount to Rs. 1,79,364.
The subjoined table compiled from the returns received
in this office shows the results of anti-rinderpest serum
injections carried out in the field during the year 1916-17 :—
PROVINCE
Punjab
North-West
Frontier
Province and North
Punjab
United Provinces
Bengal
Assam
Bihar and Orissa
Central Provinces
Bombay .
Madras
Sind, Baluchistan and
Rajputana
Burma
Mysore State
Bengal
Veterinary
College
Baroda State
TOTAL
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation was
undertaken
869
17
892
161
848
637
703
288
560
38
36
34
57
5
3,645
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS WHICH
DIED UNINOCU¬
LATED IN
COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
Bovines
7,485
106
5,191
2,057
9,613
6,689
6,238
4,516
15,162
304
229
34
73
181
57,878
Others
..
..
67
..
20
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
87
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS INOCU¬
LATED
Equines
Bovines
82,831
3,797
43,453
20,498
29,678
67,513
79,835
50,116
100,473
5,643
4,803
29,867
2,993
773
522,273
Others
..
..
502
..
308
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
810
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN¬
OCULATION
Equities
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
..
Bovines
124
..
32
186
558
288
378
219
668
48
82
..
28
..
2,611
Others
..
..
..
..
10
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
10
Percentage of deaths in
inoculated bovines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.49
REMARKS.
6
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
The figures given in the above table of the animals in-
oculated with serum include animals which were infected at
the time of inoculation and which serum cannot be expected
to save, those which became infected after the protective
action of the serum had passed off, as well as the more sus-
ceptible animals which the serum failed to protect. As the
mortality was only 0.49 per cent. of the whole number, we
are justified in concluding that this serum is of the utmost
practical value.
The Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
Assam, in referring to the number of deaths after inocula-
tion in Assam in the return for the quarter ending 30th
September, 1916, which amounted to 116 out of 4,931
animals inoculated, states that¬
" 102 deaths occurred on one tea garden. An Inspector visited
the garden 20 days after inoculation and found that 405 animals
had been inoculated, that 201 of these were attacked and 85 died.
Of these 85, about 43 contracted the disease within 9 days after
inoculation. The animals were inoculated on the 8th to 10th July,
1916. Many of the coolies objected to inoculation and a large
number (675) were not inoculated. Rinderpest persisted in the
garden, and on the 8th to 12th August, 483 animals were inoculated
or re-inoculated, out of which 131 were attacked and 17 died. The
dose of serum was 25 c. c. (a few large animals got 30 c. c.) A
certain number (43) of cattle died, as they were evidently inoculated
in the incubative stage of the disease. The disease was of a very
virulent type and I think the dose was not quite sufficient. The
disease subsided after the second inoculation. The explanation of
the figures in column 6 of the chart, viz., number not inoculated,
is that the animals were either suffering from the disease or hidden
in the jungle by the coolies."
Similarly the Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment, Bengal, states that—
" Due to rains these villages were almost under water for the
season. The animals were constantly shut in their respective sheds
for the time being. The heavy mortality took place in three herds
of over 50 cattle in each, kept thickly in small sheds, and left open
to inclement weather in absence of proper nursing and feeding.
It is not improbable, therefore, that they gradually lost condition
and most of them died of starvation. Percentage of deaths was high
FOR THE YEAR- ENDING THE 31ST MARCH,
1917
7
at Hariharpur village, where the owner kept his herd far away
from his home having no sensible men to look after it."
As regards the efficacy of this serum, the Superintend-
ent, Civil Veterinary Department, United Provinces, in his
Annual Report, paragraph 22, page 3, for the year ending
31st March, 1916, states :—
" During the year under report there has been considerable
abatement in the ravages of this disease and very few districts were
seriously affected. Wherever it appeared, inoculation campaigns
were originated with the gratifying result that only 3,767 deaths
have been recorded against 19,839 of last year, those districts which
suffered most severely being Banda, Benares, Gorakhpur, Basti and
Mirzapur."
The following statement comparing the figures of the
year under report with those of the previous five years, shows
that during the year 1916-17 the manufacture and issue of
the anti-rinderpest serum exceeded the average by 212,874
and 423,904 doses respectively:—
YEAR
1911-12 ...
....
1912-13
1913-14
1914-15 ...
....
1915-16
Average of the previous five years
1916-17
Manufacture
doses
1,052,500
805,500
720,870
1,388,560
1,186,550
1,030,796
1,243,670
Issue
doses
698,100
1,128,500
748,470
1,382,050
969,460
985,316
1,409,220
Anthrax serum. Eleven thousand and twenty-nine
doses of this serum were prepared and 29.069 issued during
the year 1916-17, as compared with 71,870 doses prepared
and 48,337 issued during the previous year. The manufac-
ture of this serum was regulated according to the demand.
B
8
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
The following table shows the results obtained in the
field from inoculations with anthrax serum:—
PROVINCE
Bengal
Assam
Bihar and Orissa
Central Provinces
Sind, Baluchistan and
Rajputana
Bombay
Mysore State
TOTAL
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation wa s
undertaken
6
46
13
2
5
1
8
81
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
UNINOCULATED
IN COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
23
..
..
..
..
..
23
Bovines
30
442
42
20
..
13
..
547
Others
..
6
..
..
368
..
..
374
NUMBER OF ANI-
MALS INOCULATED
Equines
5
359
..
..
..
..
364
Bovines
160
3,258
1,759
302
..
460
168
6,107
Others
..
197
..
..
453
..
..
650
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN¬
OCULATION
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
..
6
2
3
..
..
..
11
Others
..
..
..
..
32
..
..
32
Percentage of deaths in
inoculated bovines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.18
REMARKS
In the following table figures for the year under report
are compared with those of the previous five years, and with
the average for that period :—
1911-12
1912-13
1913-14
1914-15
1915-16
YEAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Average of the previous five years
1916-17
. . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Manufacture
doses
28,722
2,658
3,920
18,640
71,870
25,162
11,029*
Issue
doses
6,070
6,718
20,097
20,883
48,337
20,421
29,069
* Manufacture of this serum suspended pending issue of the last year's balance of
23,533 doses.
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia serum and vaccine. One
hundred and twenty-two thousand nine hundred and fifteen
doses of hæmorrhagic septicæmia serum were manufac¬
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917
9
tured and 157,065 doses issued during the year under report,
as against 127,365 doses prepared and 79,965 issued in the
year 1915-16.
The number of doses of hæmorrhagic septicæmia vac-
cine prepared and issued during the year 1916-17 was
146,540 against 124,150 prepared and issued in the preced-
ing year.
The demand for both hæmorrhagic septicæmia serum
and vaccine is increasing and steps are now being taken to
augment the supply of these products.
As regards the efficacy of the serum, the Superintend-
ent, Civil Veterinary Department, Bombay Presidency, in
his Annual Report for the year 1915-16 (paragraph 18)
states:—
" Serum inoculation in 14 outbreaks of hæmorrhagic septicæ-
mia was adopted with very satisfactory results, only one death
occurring in an inoculated animal, while 141 un-inoculated died of
this disease. The supply of this serum was limited or more inocu-
lations would have been carried out."
The Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
United Provinces, in paragraph 23 of the Annual Report
for 1915-16, states :—
" Two hundred and fifty-four cattle were immunized by the
vaccine method and 3,844 were inoculated, and both with generally
satisfactory results."
The following table shows the results of inoculations in
the field with hæmorrhagic septicæmia serum:—
PROVINCE
Punjab
North-West
Frontier
Province and and North
Punjab
United Provinces
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation was
undertaken
100
14
139
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
UNINOCULATED
IN COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
..
Bovines
1,141
174
577
Others
..
..
8
NUMBER OF ANI¬
MALS INOCULATED
Equines
..
..
..
Others
18,907
4,089
10,646
Others
..
..
283
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN-
OCULATION
Equines
..
..
..
Bovines
3
..
..
Others
..
..
..
Percentage of deaths to
inoculated bovines
..
..
..
REMARKS
10
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
PROVINCE
Bengal
Assam
Bihar and Orissa
Central Provinces
Bombay
Madras
Sind, Baluchistan and
Rajputana
Hissar Cattle Farm
TOTAL
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation was
undertaken
59
13
141
18
46
19
12
1
562
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
UNINOCULATED
IN COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
601
80
823
175
514
322
83
14
4,504
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
8
NUMBER OF ANI¬
MALS INOCULATED
Equines
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
9,070
2,216
16,521
2,296
10,584
6,162
1,300
228
82,019
Others
..
..
..
9
..
..
..
..
292
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN¬
OCULATION
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
22
1
51
..
2
9
1
4
93
Others
..
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
..
Percentage of deaths in
inoculated bovines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.11
REMARKS
Hæmorrhagic septicæmia serum is used to check actual
outbreaks of the disease.
The results obtained from inoculations with hæmorrha¬
gic septicæmia vaccine are detailed in the following state-
ment :—
PROVINCE
Punjab
North-West Frontier
Province and North
Punjab
United Provinces
Bihar and Orissa
Bombay .
.
TOTAL
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation was
undertaken
195
24
3
38
5
265
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
UNINOCULATED
IN COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
..
19
149
2
170
Others
..
..
..
..
..
NUMBER OF ANI¬
MALS INOCULATED
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
40,696
11,039
247
4,205
803
56,990
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN-
OCULATION
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
2
..
..
13
..
15
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
Percentage of deaths in
inoculated bovines
..
..
0.02
REMARKS
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917
11
Hæmorrhagic septicæmia vaccine is used in areas where
the disease is endemic at the beginning of the seasons when
it is most prevalent.
The following table gives the quantities prepared and
issued during the past five years and compares the figures of
the past year with these and with the average:—
1911-12
1912-13
1913-14
1914-15
1915-16
Average of the five
previous years
1916-17 .
YEAR
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
{Serum
Vaccine
Manufacture
doses
30,845
33,700
40,901
25,750
57,829
242,320
77,428
100,690
127,365
124,150
66,873
105,322
122,915
146,540
Issue
doses
28,970
33,700
43,218
25,750
63,980
242,320
77,328
100,690
79,965
124,150
58,692
105,322
157,065
146,540
Black Quarter vaccine. Twenty-three thousand three
hundred and fifty doses were issued from the outstanding
balance of the last year, as against 20,257 doses during the
preceding year.
12
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
The following table shows the results of inoculations in
the field with black quarter vaccine :—
PROVINCE
Punjab
North-West Frontier
Province and North
Punjab
United Provinces
Bihar and Orissa
Mysore State
Hissar Cattle Farm
Madras
TOTAL
Number of outbreaks in
which inoculation was
undertaken
48
13
9
2
17
..
4
93
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
UNINOCULATED
IN COURSE OF
DISEASE
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
..
..
1
1
..
..
20
22
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
NUMBER OF ANI¬
MALS INOCULATED
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bovines
2,652
1,000
542
210
5,890
555
193
11,042
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
NUMBER OF
ANIMALS
WHICH DIED
AFTER IN-
OCULATION
Equines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
Bovines
..
12
17
..
..
5
4
38
Others
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Percentage of deaths in
inoculated bovines
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.03
REMARKS
The Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
United Provinces, in paragraph 24 of his Annual Report
for 1915-16, states :—
" There has been a satisfactory decline in the prevalence of this
disease. It appeared in 15 districts and 262 deaths only have been
reported. In those places where the disease appears to recur peri-
odically, vaccination was resorted to as a preventive measure and
183 animals were treated by this method. Protective vaccination
is probably responsible to some extent for the steady decrease in the
death-rate."
The Chief Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment, Punjab, in paragraph 16 of his Annual Report for
1915-16, states :—
" One thousand four hundred and fifteen deaths were reported
during the year against 2,007 during the previous year. Rohtak and
Hissar chiefly suffered from the disease. Again, the deaths during
the year are considerably less, which fact the Superintendent, South
Punjab, partly attributes to a healthier year, and partly to a larger
number of vaccinations. 2,715 vaccinations were performed against
981 last year. The larger number of vaccinations performed is
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917
13
creditable, and shows that the people appreciate the help of the
department. This statement also applies to Hæmorrhagic Septi-
cæmia vaccinations and Rinderpest inoculations."
Strangles serum and vaccine. During the year under
report, 4,195 doses of this serum were prepared and 9,063
issued as against 11,242 doses manufactured and 17,132
issued in 1915-16.
Besides this, 260 doses of anti-streptococcic and 500
doses of mixed anti-streptococcic and staphylococcic vac-
cines were prepared and issued.
The demand for the above serum and vaccines was
mainly from the Army Remount Depôts for the treatment
and experimental immunization of horses against strangles.
Mallein. The demand for mallein was maintained
fully throughout the year. Thirty-five thousand nine hun-
dred and seventy-two doses were issued as against 30,332
doses in the preceding year, which was much more than the
average issue of the five previous years as will be seen from
the following table:—
Thirty thousand doses were prepared as against 28,009
doses in 1915-16.
YEAR
1911-12
1912-13
1913-14
1914-15
1915-16
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Average of the previous five years
1916-17 .
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Prepared
doses
20,664
15,181
17,406
37,766
28,009
23,805
30,000
Issued
doses
16,480
17,933
16,275
31,104
30,332
22,425
35,972
Tuberculin. Eighty-two doses were prepared during
the year under report. The whole number of doses issued
was 377 as against 430 in 1915-16.
A new brew consisting of a large number of doses is now
ready for issue.
14
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL BACTERIOLOGIST
Miscellaneous vaccines. As in the previous year
material from various infective conditions chiefly from
horses was received at this Laboratory for the preparation
of autogenous vaccines.
In all 690 doses of a special vaccine and 50 of pleurisy
vaccine were prepared and issued.
Specimens examined. During the year under report
230 specimens were received for examination and report at
this Laboratory as against 125 specimens during the preced-
ing year.
The subjoined table indicates the nature of these:—
Fistula
.
.
Epizootic Lymphangitis
Piroplasmosis
Glanders
Black Quarter
Tuberculosis
Kumri
Anthrax
Anæmia
Spirochaetes
Dourine
Abortion
Surra
Anaplasmosis
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
Pleuro-Pneumonia
Necrosis
Ticks
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Miscellaneous Pathological specimens
TOTAL
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
NUMBER OF SPECIMENS
Positive
7
1
11
9
2
9
3
1
2
1
10
..
5
1
3
..
1
41
107
Negative
..
8
6
2
..
1
..
2
.
..
64
6
7
..
..
5
..
..
101
Doubtful
..
2
0
1
1
..
..
1
..
..
10
7
..
..
..
..
..
..
22
FOR THE YEAR ENDING THE 31ST MARCH, 1917 15
Serum test for the diagnosis of Dourine. The study
of the complement fixation test and its application to the
diagnosis of dourine in India, was taken up by Mr. Shilston
early in the year. The discovery that this disease was
widely establishad in the Punjab and Baluchistan and
threatening seriously to interfere with horse-breeding
operations, made the working out of a reliable diagnostic
method a matter of great importance.
The progress of the investigation was much interfered
with by pressure of routine work and the necessity of mak-
ing various tours, but a considerable number of tests were
carried out before the close of the year.
Reports were furnished on 131 specimens of serum,
received from the Civil and Army Remount Veterinary
Officers as follows:—
Positive
10
Negative
64
Doubtful
10
Forty-seven samples of serum were received in such con-
dition as to be unsuitable for testing.
Training. During the year under report, Mr. G. H.
Frost, Superintendent, Military Dairy Farms, underwent a
course of training at Muktesar from 29th July to 13th
October, 1916, in the study of contagious diseases among
animals.
At the request of the Director of Agriculture and Indus-
tries, Punjab, Mr. Barkatali, Bacteriological Assistant to
the Agricultural Chemist of that province, visited the Labo-
ratory to make himself acquainted with the modern
researches carried out at the Institution. He stayed here
for a week only in October, 1916.
Military Dairy inoculations. Mr. V. R. Phadke,
Veterinary Deputy Superintendent, visited Jubbulpore in
August to investigate the cause of deaths amongst the cattle
at the Military Dairy Farm there, and inoculated 1,800
animals collected at Lucknow and Cawnpore for transport
duty in Mesopotamia.