NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
154
Mortality amongst live-stock.—The subjoined table compares the mortality
reported during the year, with that in the preceding year, and with the average
for the five years ending 1894-95:—
Causes of death.
Diseases—
Rinderpest
.
.
.
.
.
Diarrhœa and Dysentery . .
TOTAL .
Anthrax . . . . .
Foot and mouth disease . . .
Variola
.
.
.
.
.
All others . . . . .
Total from diseases .
Other causes—
Snake-bite . . . . .
Wild animals . . . . .
Criminal poisoning . . .
Total from other causes .
GRAND TOTAL .
NUMBER AMONGST CATTLE.
Average for
five years
ending 1894-
95.
14,528
21,435
35,958
17,980
6,961
2,103
30,793
93,795
2,257
10,427
24
12,708
106,503
In 1894-95.
13,974
9,825
23,799
16,123
7,545
1,803
35,947
85,220
2,597
10,750
35
13,382
98,602
In 1895-96.
21,475
11,089
32,564
17,746
3,477
2,063
36,439
92,289
2,656
10,566
21
13,243
105,532
NUMBER AMONGST HORESE AND PONIES.
Average for
five years
ending 1894-
95.
...
13
13
20
...
...
147
180
7
172
...
179
359
In 1894-95.
...
4
4
13
...
...
155
172
16
204
...
220
392
In 1895-98.
...
44
44
5
...
...
163
212
8
119
...
127
339
Cattle disease.—The total losses of cattle from disease were about 8 per
cent, greater than in the previous year, but were below the average by 1.65
per cent. The increase, as compared with the previous year, occurred chiefly
under Rinderpest, while there was a large decrease under foot and mouth
disease. The losses from Rinderpest were nowhere very large, except in
Bellary, in which district one-third of the total losses from this disease reported
for the Presidency occurred. In Anantpur the losses were also considerable,
and they were noticeable also in South Arcot and South Canara. In Bellary
and South Arcot a considerable number of deaths were put down to diarrhœa
and dysentery, some of which may have been actually caused by Rinderpest.
Taking these causes of death together, it was not until October 1895 that any
serious increase in the mortality recorded appeared, and in December it again
decreased, only, however, to increase again during the closing months of the
year, during which the disease caused very considerable losses in Bellary and
Anantpur.
Anthrax—Is reported to have caused about 1,600 more deaths than in the
preceding year, but not so many as have been recorded on the average. The
largest number of deaths reported from this disease occurred in Godavari, South
Arcot, Tanjore and Chingleput, but they were numerous also in Kistna,
Kurnool and Bellary. The heaviest mortality occurred during the months
from July to November, although in September there was a marked decrease
on the number reported in August; as the dry weather set in, the deaths from
this disease decreased. The decrease from mortality in Epizootic Aphtha
occurred principally in the districts of Ganjam and Chingleput, where deaths
from this cause were numerous in the previous year; but still the losses in
these districts and in Godavari were considerable. More than half the deaths
attributed to Variola were reported from three districts—Ganjam, Kistna and
160
Myohaung.—In this township the disease was most severe from April till
July. The average monthly mortality during these four months amounted
to 420. In August only 65 deaths were recorded, and from that month on
only a few deaths were reported. The disease died out in November.
Naaf.—Though this township was never free from the disease throughout
the year, it was only during the period August to November that serious losses
occurred. The average mortality per mensem for these four months was 277.
Minbya.—The disease was most prevalent during the first and part of the
second quarter of the year; during the first quarter the average was 285, and
in the second 125 per mensem. The disease subsided towards the end of Sep-
tember. The mortality from Rinderpest in each township may be seen from
the following statement :—
Township.
Pauktaw. . .
Urittaung . .
Rathedaung .
Myohaung . .
Naaf . . .
Minbya . .
Kaladan
. .
Kyelat
.
.
TOTAL .
April.
244
1,049
39
283
56
254
...
...
1,925
May.
763
445
129
240
41
388
...
...
2,006
June
719
475
559
950
69
214
43
...
3,029
July.
1,110
274
599
218
87
109
...
1
2,398
August.
401
159
625
65
376
206
...
3
1,835
September.
262
52
203
54
306
61
...
10
948
October.
259
67
199
17
231
4
...
...
777
November.
40
30
121
8
195
5
...
...
394
December.
192
37
23
...
100
...
12
...
364
January.
28
21
23
3
43
...
...
...
118
February.
...
...
16
...
101
...
...
...
117
March.
...
...
...
...
37
...
...
...
37
Total.
4,018
2,609
2,536
1,833
1,642
1,241
55
14
13,948
Anthrax and Charbon Symptomatique.—Not many deaths were registered
from these maladies. Two moderately severe outbreaks were reported, one
from Urittaung township in April when 38 animals died, and the other in
August from Rathedaung township when 49 deaths were registered. Both
outbreaks were of short duration. The diseases also prevailed in a mild form
in the Kaladan township in June. The total loss during the year from these
diseases amounted to 491.
Foot and mouth disease.—Nine serious outbreaks occurred in the month
of July in the Rathedaung township, when 204 animals are said to have died.
The disease appeared in August. Towards the close of the year a few deaths
were reported from the Kaladan township.
Kyaukpyu.
The mortality in this district has been slight.
Rinderpest.—Mild outbreaks occurred from time to time in the Kyaukpyu
township. The highest mortality recorded for one month was during August,
when 55 deaths were registered. In March a slight outbreak was reported
from the An township ; 16 deaths were reported.
The total mortality for the year was 261.
Anthrax and Charbon Symptomatique.—A slight outbreak occurred in the
An township during the month of January: 35 deaths were noted. Sporadic
cases were reported from other townships during the year: 119 deaths were
recorded.
Foot and mouth disease.—This disease prevailed in the Ramree township
from August till October, and 92 animals are reported to have died during
this outbreak. In October a mild outbreak occurred in the An township, when
13 deaths were reported.
161
Sandoway.
The cattle of this district have been healthy throughout the year.
Fool and mouth disease.—A few deaths were reported from the Northern
and Southern townships,
ARAKAN HILL TRACTS.
Health of cattle good.
PEGU DIVISION.
Hanthawaddy.
The mortality in this district is about the same as during the previous
year. The heaviest losses were due to cattle plague.
Rinderpest.—During the first quarter the disease prevailed in almost all
parts of the Hlaing township: 122 deaths were reported in the month of June;
of these, 54 were registered in the Okhan circle, and 39 in the Aingkalaung
circle. The disease after this rapidly subsided. During May an outbreak was
reported from the Eindapura circle of the Kungyangon township and con-
tinued, though not in a severe form, till December. In September an out-
break also occurred in the Kamaba circle of the same township, and during
this month 49 deaths were reported from this circle and 30 from the Eindapura
circle. The disease soon died out in the former place.
Anthrax and Charbon Symptomatique.—Outbreaks during May, June,
and July were reported from the Bawle and Ainkalaung circles of the Hlaing
township, and also from the Leingon circle of the Hmawbi township.
During this period 185 deaths were recorded. Sporadic cases were reported
from many parts of the district during the early part of the year. Towards
the close of the year mild outbreaks were reported from parts of the Hlaing
township.
Foot and mouth disease.—Only a few cases were recorded.
Pegu.
The mortality in this district is less than during the previous year.
Rinderpest.—During the early part of the year rather severe outbreaks
were reported from the Nyaunglebin and Kyauktaga circles of the Pyuntaza
township. In the former circle 273 animals died in June and July, while in
the latter 226 deaths were reported between April and June. The disease,
however, soon died out, as in August only 19 deaths were recorded in Nyaung-
lebin, and one in Kyauktaga. Two other mild outbreaks were reported, one
from Payagale circle in May, when 33 deaths were reported, the other from the
Payabyo circle in the month of October, when 35 deaths occurred. Towards
the close of the year mild outbreaks were also reported from Paunggyi and
Hlegu Circles of the Hlegu township.
Anthrax and Charbon Symptomatique.—Only three small outbreaks were
reported. The first occurred during April in the Hlegu Circle, when 44 animals
died, in May the disease abated, and it ceased in June. The remaining two were
reported from Nyaunglebin and Paungdawthi Circles in November. They were
of a mild nature, and little damage was done.
Foot and mouth disease.—Only one slight outbreak worth recording.
This occurred in the Dabein Circle during the month of June. Nineteen
deaths were registered.
Tharrawaddy.
This district shows a marked increase in cattle mortality over previous years,
due to serious outbreaks of cattle-plague.
167
Rajputana.
745, Following is the statement showing sheep and cattle diseases in
Rajputana:—
Name of Districts.
Cattle—
Ajmere . .
Merwara . .
TOTAL .
Sheep and Goats—
Ajmere . .
Merwara . .
TOTAL .
RINDERPEST.
Seizures.
493
3,176
3,669
531
10
541
Recoveries.
258
1,282
1,540
334
4
338
Deaths.
235
1,123
1,358
197
2
199
Under treatment.
...
771
771
...
4
4
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE.
Seizures.
512
2,524
3,036
4
125
129
Recoveries.
375
1,617
1,992
...
73
73
Deaths.
61
70
131
4
13
17
Under treatment.
76
837
913
...
39
39
ANTHRAX.
Seizures.
...
...
...
46
...
46
Recoveries.
...
...
...
...
...
...
Deaths.
...
...
...
46
...
46
Under treatment.
...
...
...
...
...
...
OTHER DISEASES.
Seizures.
...
178
178
133
925
1,058
Deaths.
...
87
87
89
364
453
Recoveries.
...
51
51
26
295
321
Under treatment.
...
40
40
18
266
284
Punjab.
Veterinary
Dispensaries.
746. Sialkot Dispensary.—This with its branches at Pasrur and Daska,
has been doing very good work, and its conveniences are fully recognised and
taken advantage of by the people around.
The number of animals treated during the year was 5,433 as against 5,384
in 1895-96. This shows a slight increase. (Vide Table N, page cviii.)
Supplies of medicines are kept in two tehsils of Dera Ismael Khan, at
Gujranwala, and also at Gujarkhan, Fattejang in Rawalpindi district for the
use of Veterinary Assistants.
Jellalabad Dispensary.—During the year 529 were treated against 504 in
the previous year. This included 124 in-patients and 405 out-patients. Of
this number, 495 were discharged cured, 24 relieved, and 10 died; this speaks
well for the treatment, and the figures show that progress has been made.
The dispensary is kept in very good order and is maintained by the
"Mamdot" Estate at a cost of R310-2-0 per annum.
Amballa Dispensary.—A total of 757 animals were treated, 75 being in-
patients and 682 out-patients. The total number of animals treated last year
was 672, so that there has been a decided increase in the number of patients
treated during the present year. Of the 757 patients, 725 were discharged
cured, 15 relieved, 10 died and 5 unknown. The institution cost R859-13-9
to maintain, and this cost was defrayed by the District Board.
Amritsar Dispensary.—This institution is most popular, and this is shown
by the large number of patients which are annually treated in it. During the
past year 2,719 animals were treated as against 2,577 the previous year. Six
hundred and one were in-patients and the remainder received out-door relief.
Of the total, 2,401 were discharged cured, 52 died, 18 returned incurable, and
of 248 cases the results are not known. The expenditure amounted to
R1,682-0-9, which was defrayed by the Municipality. The dispensary and
hospital are kept in excellent order.
Hoshiarpur Dispensary.—The total number of animals treated during the
year was 1,975 as compared to 2,079 in the previous year. The in-patients
numbered 82 and the out-patients 1,893. The result of the treatment was as
follows:—1,849 cured, 81 relieved, 3 died, 22 incurable, and 20 unknown.
172
Veterinary Graduate Modak, Belgaum Dispensary.—When inspected it
was found to be in good order. Owing to lack of funds the Committee have
been unable to make any arrangements to build the much required accommoda-
tion for in-patients. The total number of
cases during the year was 1,898 against
1,559 last year. In-patients 22, out-
patients 1,876. Out of the above number
368 were horses, 990 cattle, and the
remainder sheep, goats, etc. Thirteen
cases of castration are reported. The
Veterinary Graduate attended mild out
breaks of Aphtha epizootica and Rinderpest. The Veterinary Graduate has
done good work, and there is a satisfactory increase in the number of cases
treated—
Cases cured . . . . . .
„ relieved . . . . .
„ incursble . . . . .
„ unknown . . . . .
„ died . . . . . .
„ remaining . . . . .
TOTAL .
1,633
101
8
75
55
26
1,898
Receipte .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Expenditure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Balance .
R
2,710
2,538
172
a.
13
4
8
p.
7
11
8
Veterinary Graduate Jalihal, Belgaum Itinerating Dispensary.—This
Graduate was appointed in June 1896. He assisted the stationary Veterinary
Graduate at Belgaum until the middle of October, and then commenced tour-
ing throughout the district. The report
therefore embraces a period of 5½ months.
He treated 1,021 cases, and visited the
scenes of three outbreaks of Rinderpest
when the percentage of mortality was
exceptionally high, as 22 animals died
out of 24 attacked. He also visited the
most important cattle markets in the
district. The Graduate appears zealous in the discharge of his duties, and is
anxious to help the villagers.
The work done is satisfactory.
Cases cured . . . . . .
„ relieved . . . . .
„ incurable . . . . .
„ unknown . . . . .
„ died . . . . . .
„ remaining . . . . .
TOTAL .
917
22
31
27
4
20
1,021
Veterinary Graduate Sane, Dharwar Dispensary.—This is the first
complete working year at this dispensary. The total number of cases treated
was 960, of which 926 were out-patients,
and 34 in-patients. Out of the above
number, 115 were horses, 553 cattle, and
the remainder dogs, goats, etc. The
Veterinary Graduate attended outbreaks
of Rinderpest at the villages of Navloor
and Benkinkatti, and adopted preventive
measures to ensure the city of Dharwar
from foot and mouth disease which was very prevalent in the neighbourhood,
owing to the overcrowding of famine cattle in Mallad—
Cases cured . . . . .
„ relieved . . . . .
„ incurable . . . . .
„ unknown . . . . .
„ died .
. . . .
„ remaining . . . .
TOTAL .
642
125
3
150
30
10
960
Receipts
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Expenditure
.
.
.
.
.
.
Balance .
R
1,920
1,505
415
a.
12
3
8
p.
0
6
6
Veterinary Graduate Bhatt, Ahmedabad Dispensary.—When
in-
spected it was found in excellent order. It is satisfactory to note
that the new buildings were occupied on the 1st of March. The total
174
above number, 385 were horses, 361 cattle, and the remainder goats, and small
animals. Eight cases of castration are reported. A mild outbreak of Variola
Vaccinia was treated by the Veterinary Graduate, and one case of Glanders
destroyed. He attended Police horses belonging to the Government Farm.
There is a slight increase in the number of patients treated, and the work done
is satisfactory—
Receipts .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Expenditure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Balance
R
6,271
1,429
4,841
a.
3
6
13
p.
10
8
2
Veterinary Graduate Haji, Karachi Dispensary.—When inspected it was
found to be in good order. The total
number of cases treated during the year
was 2,824 against 2,726 last year. In-
patients 290, out-patients 2,534. Out of
the above number 1,234 were horses, 574
cattle, 237 camels, and the remainder
goats, sheep, etc. Two cases of castration
are reported. The Veterinary Graduate
attended outbreaks of Aphtha epizootica both in the district and town of
Karachi, and destroyed one case of Glanders in Karachi Cantonment. He
treated animals belonging to the Karachi Municipality, Zoological gardens,
and bought remounts for the Karachi Police. He also assisted in. the pur-
chase of cattle for the Ceylon Government, and instructed the Police sowars
how to treat simple cases. The report is very satisfactory, and the steady pro-
gress made reflects the greatest credit on the Veterinary Graduate. It is
satisfactory to note that the system of levying small fees which has been
established since last November is working well, and should be the means of
increasing the income—
Cases cured . . . . .
„ relieved
.
.
.
.
.
„ incurable . . . . .
„ unknown
.
.
.
.
.
„ died . . . . .
„ remaining . . . . .
TOTAL .
2,691
73
3
...
30
27
2,824
Receipts
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Expenditure
.
.
.
.
.
.
Balance .
R
4,855
4,105
750
a.
14
7
6
p.
4
9
7
Veterinary Graduate Asudamul, Hyderabad (Sindh) Dispensary.—When
inspected it was found to be in excellent
order. Owing to the great scarcity and
plague which prevailed for some months
at Hyderabad, the building of the new
dispensary has been postponed. The total
number of cases during the year was
1,325 against 1,260 last year. In-patients
276, out-patients 1,049. Out of the above
number, 528 were horses, 272 cattle and the remainder camels, sheep, goats,
etc. Ten cases of castration are reported. The Veterinary Graduate attended
the Horse Show at Moro and Talhar, where his services were most valuable.
He superintended the work of the Government stallions, and treated animals
belonging to the Police, Municipality, etc. It is proposed to further utilize his
services in giving instruction to the students of the Agricultural class at
Hyderabad. There is a steady increase in the number of animals treated, and
the general management of the institution reflects the greatest credit on the
Graduate—
Cases cured . . . . .
„ relieved . . . . .
„ incurable . . . . .
„ unknown . . . . .
„ died . . . . .
„ remaining
TOTAL .
1,165
79
3
28
20
30
1,325
Receipts .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Expenditure
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Balance .
R
8,863
2,447
6,415
a.
10
13
13
p.
7
0
7
PART II.—PROVINCIAL REPORT.
IV.—CATTLE-BREEDING, ETC.
184
" The last named from Banda district died in March 1896, leaving four at work in the district.
" The statistics which I called for through the Tehsildars, though incomplete, show that a great deal
in the way of cattle breeding has been done in the district, about 300 calves having been brought forth during
the last year, the produce of these bulls. The young stock is strong and of good shape for agricultural purposes
and is much appreciated by the villagers.
" I applied for two more bulls in October 1896, but the indent was not complied with owing to the
present financial pressure.
" The District Board do not see their way to undertake the management of any bulls owing to the
low condition of the District Board finances. I am, however, trying to get the district gradually supplied with
the required number of bulls through private individuals who were willing to undertake their management.
Statement showing the services and produce of bulls kept in the Meerut District.
Class of breed of
the bull.
Hissar
. .
Kanwarya .
Nagori
.
.
Ditto. .
Indigenous .
.
Where stationed.
Demonstration
Farm, Meerut.
With Sheikh Wahid-
uddin.
Murari Lall Court
of Wards Estate.
Shibha Singh of
Baleni.
Babugarh .
TOTAL
Period of
service.
20th
Feb.
1895 to 31st
March 1897.
20th
Feb.
1895 to 31st
Jan. 1896.
March 1895
to 31st March
1897.
1894 to 30th
Sept. 1896.
Not
...
Total
number of
cows covered.
182
91
16 of State ; a
large number
of cows in the
neighbouring
villages.
Not known.
known.
289
Number
not held.
22
11
4
...
37
Number
of
produce.
160
80
7
30
277
REMARKS.
A good coverer.
Produce shapely and
strong.
Died in March 1896.
Very much appre-
ciated
by the
people.
This is a very fine
bull.
Is much appreciated
as he roams about
the village near
Ealeni. No accu-
rate statistics can
be obtained.
"As most of bulls roam about the villages with the ordinary Brahmini bulls, it is impossible to give
accurate statistics of serving and produce."
Fattehgarh.
(h) A bull would be of great service to the district, and that application
be made to the Superintendent, Veterinary Department, for one.
Sultanpur.
(i) No bulls kept by the District Board. The Board does not see its way
to buy any at present, nor has it any funds with which to bear
the cost of maintenance.
Azamgarh.
(j) The District Board keep no bull and cannot at present afford to
buy or keep one.
Muthra.
(k) The financial position of the Board does not permit of its bearing
the cost of keeping a bull.
Jhansi.
(l) No stallions kept by the District Board, and the District Committee
cannot afford to buy any.
185
Gorakhpur.
(m) Bulls are not kept by the District Board, and I do not think that
the Board would be justified in expending money in the pur-
chase of bulls.
Cawnpur.
(n) The Board will have no objection to keep a bull if the cost will be
paid out of the District Board's funds, and there will be no need
of subscription.
NOTE.—Two bulls are kept at the Experimental Farm for breeding purposes
and appear to be doing good work.
Almora.
(o) As previous attempts at keeping bulls have been unsuccessful, both
bull and produce having died, the Board is of opinion that any
further attempt would be inexpedient.
Pilibhit.
(p) No bulls are kept by the District Board here, they are not willing
to buy any for want of funds.
Enquiries are being made from private persons whether they would like to
purchase good bulls for breeding purposes.
Shahjehanpur.
(q) No bulls are kept by the District Board, and that it cannot afford
to purchase one or more as there are no funds available for this
purpose. In the present impoverished condition of the district
it is impossible for the Board to take up the question of cattle-
breeding.
Dehra Dun.
(r) No bull is kept by the Board, nor will the funds at the disposal
allow them to bear the cost of maintenance of a bull.
Mirzapur.
(s) No bull is kept by the District Board in this district, nor are there
funds to maintain them.
Mainpuri.
(t) No bull is kept by this District Board, nor do the funds at the
disposal of this Board admit of their maintenance.
Ballia.
(u) The matter to be postponed for the present as there are no available
funds.
Jalaun.
(v) Nil.
Barabanki.
(w) No bulls are kept by the District Board. They are not able to buy
any as the funds at their disposal do not allow them to bear the
cost of maintenance.
It is hoped that some land-owners of position may be induced by the
Board to purchase good bulls for their estates.
The Kheri bulls are most suitable for this district, and arrangements will
be made to assist land-owners by purchasing the bulls through the Agricultural
Department.
14
PART II.—PROVINCIAL REPORT.
V.—VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
2 C 2