P. G. PANDE 161
contortus (30,000) and Oesophagostomum columbianum (24,000). Treatment
with Nema Capsule Parke Davis & Co.) and a mixture of copper sulphate
and infusion of tobacco was adopted, and this line of treatment brought about
a temporary improvement in the general condition of some of the goats only.
In March 1936, a report regarding the health of these goats was again
received in which it was stated that they were showing symptoms of anaemia,
subcutaneous oedema in the region of the throat, emaciation and watery
diarrhoea with segments of tapeworms. These symptoms at the time gave
no indication of any other condition than the parasitic infestation, but when
in May 1936, a fairly large number of bovines and some buffaloes at the same
farm were declared as definite cases of Johne's disease, it was suspected that
the goats might be suffering from the same disease, and immediately the condi-
tion was diagnosed by post-slaughter examination of four goats available for
the purpose.
Post-mortem findings
The goats were killed at a stage when they were showing persistent
diarrhoea and debility. On opening the carcases the internal organs, parti-
cularly the liver, the kidneys and the spleen of all the goats appeared to be
anaemic, as no blood or blood-tinged fluid escaped from their cut surfaces.
The abdominal cavity in each case contained from 50 to 100 c.c. of straw-
coloured serous fluid. The carcases were devoid of subcutaneous fat and the
suprarenal and the mesenteric fat depots in the body were transformed into
translucent and yellow jelly-like masses. The coils of the alimentary canal
on handling were found to be thickened and corded. On slitting and laying
open the entire gut the mucous membranes in two of them were found consid-
erably thickened and corrugated in a continuous manner over a great length
excepting the jejunum in which a few areas without corrugations were also
seen. In the remaining two cases the corrugated and thickened areas,
although present, were fewer in number and smaller in size. Some parts of the
intestines contained no corrugations but were considerably thickened and
oedematous. The corrugations were observed to occur in the form of distinct
wrinkles (Plate XVI, fig. 1) arranged annularly across the gut. The blood
capillaries lying over the summits of these wrinkles were found to be prominent
and the intervening crevices contained slimy debris composed of exfoliated
epithelium and mucus.
The mesenteric lymphatic glands of all the four cases were found consid-
erably enlarged and appeared to be soft and oedematous to touch. Bisection
of these glands allowed a thin greenish fluid to escape, and the cut surfaces
showed lacunae and small caseous areas in the substance of the glands.
Laboratory findings
Bacteriological.—Microscopical examination of smears from several parts
of the involved gut and the mesenteric lymph glands showed fairly numerous
acid-fast bacilli, more frequently occurring in clumps, and morphologically
indistinguishable from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. The bacilli in the
smears were seen to occur in larger clumps than hitherto observed by the
author in those prepared from bovine lesions. Mesenteric lymphatic glands