NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
8
the entire absence of the disease amongst the herds that
have been protected. It was noticed that cultivators in
certain villages who were formerly disinclined to this
vaccination not only now advocate it, but actually press
the department to have their cattle protected earlier than
the usual time.
During the year 31,845 animals were protected by
aggressin, 2,129 by aggressin and serum-simultaneous
method and 251 by serum alone method.
23. As has been explained in previous reports the
use of aggressin before the rains protects an animal for
one year. The disease hardly ever occurs except after
rain and is thus most marked from June till September,
again in December and after the mango-showers.
24. Piroplasmosis.—It has been said that on an
average about 80 per cent of the Central Provinces cattle
carry in their blood the parasite responsible for this
disease. As the animals are infected with this parasite
generation after generation a certain amount of tolerance
is seen, and that probably explains the low mortality from
this disease, but the economic loss due to the poor work-
ing capacity of the animals infected with this parasite is,
in fact, much more than the loss sustained from the
mortality.
Fortunately the drug "trypan blue" is an excellent
remedy. During the year under report 63,390 injections
were given by way of specific treatment.
This drug
besides being a specific for piroplasmosis, also acts as a
good general tonic.
The disease was confirmed microscopically in 11,878
cases as against 24,149 of the previous year. There is
a large decline in the number of microscopical confirma-
tions of the disease. To explain this it may be said that
an order was issued to inject all clinically affected animals
without sending any smears. Previously the custom had
been to take the smear, send it to the laboratory and
then, if it were confirmed, to inject the animal.
This
meant two visits and when it was found that the drug had
a general tonic effect, it was decided to send smears
mainly from those animals suspected of having a double
infection, that is piroplasmosis and some other disease.
25. In dogs 152 cases of P. Gibsoni infection were
detected.
Treatment with tryparasamide has been
9
found very successful.
Besides these 32 cases of
P. Mutans were also confirmed microscopically in
bovines.
Unfortunately trypan blue does not seem to
have much effect in this infection.
The total quantity of trypan blue solution issued
amounted to 1,471,610 c.c. as against 1,398,903 c.c. last
year.
26. Trypanosomiasis.—Of the 62 cases confirmed
for this disease, 42 were equines, 19 bovines and one
canine. The disease appeared in a severe form in
Patan Circle of Jubbulpore district and in Khurai
irrigation works.
All the bovines were treated with antimony tartrate,
yielding satisfactory results. Living cases of equine
surra were dealt with under the "Glanders and Farcy
Act".
27. Anaplasmosis.—Twenty-five cases were con-
firmed amongst bovines. The disease, in these Provinces
at least, never seems to occur in a severe form and
practically no losses have ever been reported.
28. Tetanus.—Twenty-four cases were confirmed
microscopically in equines. Four deaths from this
disease were reported.
29. Strangles.—Two cases were confirmed micros-
copically. No mortality from this disease was reported.
30. Rabies.—This disease of dogs was prevalent
throughout the province. No effective measures to
stamp out the disease from towns were taken by any of
the municipalities and until this is done the outbreaks of
this disease will probably be on the increase, as more
dogs seem to be kept in the towns I have visited. Eight
dogs were given preventive vaccination in Nagpur.
31. Fowl Cholera and Spirochaetosis.—Both these
diseases of fowls were found to exist all over the
province.
In 45 outbreaks of fowl cholera and 21 out-
breaks of spirochaetosis the diseases were confirmed
microscopically. Soamin treatment in the latter disease
has been found very useful, whilst in fowl cholera
preventive inoculation with anti-haemorrhagic septicaemia
serum was found to be very effective to check the spread
of the disease. 1,087 fowls were protected by this latter
method.
10
32. Distemper and Canine Typhus.—The occur-
rence of distemper amongst dogs, which I doubt to be
the correct diagnosis in most cases, was reported from
almost all the towns in the province, while canine typhus
was reported from Nagpur, Saugor and Jubbulpore only.
Nine dogs received canine distemper mixed bacterin
either as a curative or as a prophylactic.
33. Other diseases.—The prevalence of Bhowri,
Tiwa, Coccidiosis etc., were reported.
Work on the
control and treatment of Tiwa is under investigation and
from the results of the work so far done, it appears that
at last a successful treatment has been found. I will
report further on this next year.
3.—MISCELLANEOUS
34. Medico-legal cases.—The staff of the depart-
ment examined 381 animals reported by the police to
have been maliciously injured, issued certificates after
verifying the nature of injuries by post-mortem examina-
tion in 93 cases, and in certain doubtful cases gave
evidence in the courts whenever their written statements
required further elucidation.
Eleven poisoning cases were reported during the
year from Nagpur, Chanda, Drug and Raipur districts.
The seven cases reported from Nagpur were amongst
well-bred dogs which picked up strychnine poison used
to destroy stray dogs within municipal limits.
Five of
these recovered.
The viscera of animals suspected to
have been poisoned in four cases, one from Chanda, two
from Raipur and one from Drug was sent to the Chemical
Examiner, Agra.
No poison was detected in the Drug
case and the result of the examination in the other three
cases is not yet known.
4.—HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES
35. Applications for 72 new dispensaries have been
received from the various district councils but I am
afraid there is no hope of any of these being opened, or
the department being able to supply the necessary profes-
sional staff for some years to come.
36. The experimental camp dispensary at Waraseoni
was made a permanent one, as the work done seemed to
11
justify this step. Buildings have been completed by the
District Council and a compounder provided by them.
The total number of veterinary dispensaries was 100 at
the close of the year.
37. The Veterinary Assistant Surgeon placed on
special duty at Pipariya on rural uplift work continued to
do useful work. Rural uplift work was also started in
other districts and the officials of the Department are
helping this movement, so far as it lies in their power.
38. District councils and municipal committees who
were jointly responsible for maintaining veterinary dis-
pensaries appear to have come to an agreement in regard
to the proportion of their contributions and the differences
at Bilaspur have now been satisfactorily settled.
39. The State veterinary dispensaries at Rajnand-
gaon, Khairagarh and Raigarh were each inspected once
by the Deputy Superintendent, Chhattisgarh Division.
40. The number of cases treated by Deputy
Superintendents, Veterinary Inspectors and Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons on tour was 377,215 (including 82,776
castrations), against 468,887 (including 61,829 castrations)
in the previous year. The number of cases treated at
dispensaries was 159,150 (including 9,810 castrations), as
against 148,599 (including 7,624 castrations) in the past
year. The mofussil cases, i.e., those supplied with
medicines but not brought to the dispensaries, were
121,623 against 151,410 in the previous year. Cases
supplied with medicines by the staff on tour have been
shown in Table No. IV.
41. The fall in the number of cases treated on tour
was due largely to political reasons.
In some few cases Veterinary Assistant Surgeons
were actively hindered in their work and in many districts
the villagers refused to accept aid which was offered by a
Government department.
The majority of ordinary cases treated on tour occur
during the rains or early autumn and in this year there
was a marked fall during those months.
When I took charge in December 1930 the number
of castrations was thousands less than on a similar date in
the previous year. Major Priston had borne the brunt of
the bad times and as things became more settled there
12
ensued sudden and numerous demands from the peasants
for the castration of their animals by the Burdizzo method,
with the result that another record in the number of
castrations has been attained, viz., 92,586.
42. When it is remembered that ten years ago, that
is, before the introduction of the use of the Burdizzo
Castrator, the Department was congratulating itself on
having 4,876 castrations to its credit in the year, the
increase is very marked and has been very rapidly
attained.
According to calculations there should be some-
where over 100,000 useless bulls for castration each year,
if the breed of cattle is to be improved.
As I pointed out in my report for 1929 (paragraph
93), equally essential is the separation of entire masculine
bovines from herds containing cows or heifers. I would
ask the allied departments to assist this department in pro-
paganda along this line.
43. Buildings.—The opening of a permanent dis-
pensary at Waraseoni has already been mentioned. The
Bhatapara veterinary dispensary buildings which have
been completed have not as yet been handed over for the
use of the department.
Standard plan veterinary dispensary buildings have
been completed for a new veterinary dispensary at Saoner
in the Nagpur district.
44. The office building for the Deputy Superinten-
dent, Civil
Veterinary
Department,
Chhattisgarh
Division, under construction last year, was completed
during the year and has been taken over by the depart-
ment.
45. Minor improvements to the dog kennels and
compounder's quarters at the Nagpur veterinary dispen-
sary were carried out.
46. A site has been selected for the construction of
dispensary buildings at Umarkhed and the District
Council, Yeotmal, is making an effort to find the neces-
sary funds.
47. The Betul District Council carried out re-
roofing and ordinary repairs to the Betul dispensary
buildings and annual repairs to Multai and Bhainsdehi
13
veterinary dispensaries. A store room was added to the
Narsinghpur
dispensary, the
Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon's and compounder's quarters were re-roofed.
48. The Amraoti District Council had a shed built
for in-patients at Anjangaon Surji veterinary dispensary
and the Nimar District Council had a new drain con-
structed at the Khandwa veterinary dispensary to carry
waste water from the quarters of the Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon and the Compounder.
III.—BREEDING OPERATIONS
49. The cattle-breeding farms continued to be
managed by the Agricultural department and the officers
of this department paid regular visits to the farms and
rendered necessary assistance by giving advice on pro-
fessional matters.
50. Owing to the paucity of the staff no Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon could be placed on special duty to
emasculate unsuitable bulls during the cold weather as
had been done in previous years.
51. Propaganda.—During the year nine cattle fairs
and shows were held in different places in the Central
Provinces and Berar as shown in table No. XIV attached.
The cattle fairs at Singaji (Nimar district), Wun (Yeotmal
district), Garhakota (Saugor district), Bairam (Amraoti
district) and Hirdenagar (Mandla district) were largely
attended. The American Mission, as usual, arranged
a cattle show at Pendra. The departmental staff attended
these and other less important fairs, opened temporary
dispensaries and arranged lectures on Veterinary Science
supplemented by practical demonstrations of inoculation,
castration, spraying and intravenous injections which
were much appreciated. Magic lantern lectures were
also arranged.
A fair was held in the premises of the
Likma railway station which is the terminus of the Raipur
Forest Tramway from the 5th to the 10th January 1931.
A camp dispensary was opened by the Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon, Dhamtari, and practical demonstra-
tions of castration, trypan blue injection and treatment of
cases, followed by magic lantern lectures on cattle
diseases were arranged and were largely attended. A
scheme of extensive propaganda in preventive measures
14
in the villages with the co-operation of the Local Bodies is
under consideration of Govenrment.
52. The Deputy Superintendent, Civil Veterinary
Department, Nerbudda Division, attended a co-operative
rally held at Itarsi and the Veterinary Inspectors, Nagpur,
Raipur, Drug, Bilaspur, Chhindwara and Saugor
respectively attended 3, 3, 9, 2, 3 and 1 co-operative
rallies held in their charges. These officials delivered
lectures on veterinary work. Extensive propaganda
work was also carried out in the Berar and Chhattisgarh
Divisions by magic lantern lectures.
53. Sanads were awarded during the year to land-
owners and others in recognition of their assistance to the
subordinate staff when carrying out veterinary pro-
paganda work in the districts.
IV.—ESTABLISHMENT
54. Rai Sahib Gouri Shankar Shrivastava, Messrs.
Muhammad Abdul Quadir, C. N. Subannah, Rahim Bux,
Kashi Prasad and L. M. Roy, who officiated as Deputy
Superintendent worked hard and efficiently.
Mr. P. S. Nair was placed in charge of serum-
simultaneous inoculations against rinderpest until the 21st
March 1931 and had to work very hard to introduce
successfully this latter scheme.
Mr. M. James carried out the duties in the labora-
tory, the work of which has again increased.
55. Subordinate staff.—The strength of the Veteri-
nary Inspectors during the year was 16. One Veterinary
Inspector retired, two officiating Veterinary Inspectors
were reverted to the grade of Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon and three Veterinary Assistant Surgeons were
promoted to be officiating Veterinary Inspectors.
56. The strength of the Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons at the close of the year was 125. During the
year one Veterinary Assistant Surgeon died, four
Veterinary Assisant Surgeons retired, two Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons resigned, and services of two Veteri-
nary Assistant Surgeons were dispensed with. Two
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons who were officiating in the
grade of Veterinary Inspectors were confirmed.
15
By the death of Onkar Prasad Dubey, probationary
Touring Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Wardha, the
department lost a promising young worker.
The Veterinary Assistant Surgeon attached to this
office was transferred to the field where his services were
of more use. In his place the post of statistical clerk
was sanctioned and a suitable man was engaged.
57. Owing to financial stringency the tour work
of Veterinary Inspectors and Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons was restricted to ten days a month for a few
months in the year and the Deputy Superintendents and
the Veterinary Inspectors were asked to stop routine dis-
pensary inspections and to carry on propaganda work
instead.
58. Owing to the depletion of its income, the
Buldana District Council dispensed with the services of a
second dresser in each dispensary of the district whose
duty was to help the compounder in attending to cases
during the absence of the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon on
tour.
This step, though apparently unavoidable, is a
regrettably retrograde one. It means that when the
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon is on tour, the compounder
will be alone to treat and dress animals. This does not
matter so much when the owner himself attends the dis-
pensary, but the animal is frequently sent in the charge of
a small boy, who is unable to control properly the patient
and hence dressings and so forth cannot be efficiently
carried out.
59. The District Council, Mandla, owing to a fall in
its income, abolished the posts of whole-time chowkidars
at the Dindori and Shahpura Veterinary dispensaries and
sanctioned an allowance of Rs. 3 per mensem for watch
and ward work at these dispensaries.
60. Recruiting.—Eleven Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geons joined the department during the year, of whom
three were Central Provinces scholars who graduated
from the Bombay Veterinary College, two others who
graduated from the same college and six graduates from
the Bengal Veterinary College.
61. The distribution of staff and location of veteri-
nary institutions will be seen in the map at the end of this
report. The touring and inspection work done by
gazetted officers is shown in statement C.
16
62. The names of the following officers of the
department are brought to the notice of the Local
Government for their work during the year:—
Mr. Abdul Kadir, Deputy Superintendent, East
Berar.
Mr. N. S. Pathak, Veterinary Inspector, Jubbul-
pore.
Mr. Mustajabkhan, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
Sohagpur.
Mr. D. N. Atre, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
Amraoti-City.
Mr. M. K. Swamy, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
Jubbulpore.
Mr. Qazi Minhajuddin, Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon, Shahpura.
Mr. E. Gopalan, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
Akola.
Mr. Ramswamy, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
Karanja.
Mr. Syed Irshad Ali, Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geon, Ramtek.
I would also like to refer to the good work done by
Mr. N. Basavaraju, Superintendent of my office,
Mr. Bhagdikar, Accountant and Mr. C. V. Naidu, Camp
clerk.
V.—GENERAL REMARKS.
63. In previous years I have been urged by local
bodies to recommend the extension of the veterinary
department.
64. A scheme was placed before the Government
many years ago for the opening of a Research Institute
and a Veterinary College in which suitable local youths
might be trained, but I regret I must withhold my sugges-
tions with regard to the development of this scheme,
owing to financial stringency.
In more prosperous times I would have also made
many suggestions regarding the control of animal diseases.
65. I may again refer to the question of cruelty to
animals so tragically common in this province. I have
for many years made this question one of the main features
of my general remarks.
17
I am delighted to record that, during this year, this
matter has been taken up by the Commissioner, Nagpur
Division, and he is trying to start a local branch of the
Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
This effort will, I am sure, receive both moral and
financial support from all classes and communities which
abhor the present conditions and have the welfare of
animals at heart.
66. Before concluding my remarks, which must be
curtailed this year, I may be permitted to record my very
high appreciation of the work done by Major Priston,
who officiated for me during a very strenuous time.
67. I may be allowed also to thank the Divisional
Commissioners, Deputy Commissioners and chairmen of
local bodies who, in submitting reports, have made sugges-
tions which will receive careful consideration during the
coming year.
I have the honour to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient servant,
R. F. STIRLING, MAJOR,
Director of Veterinary Services,
Central Provinces.
APPENDIX I
SPECIAL STATEMENT
A.—Statement of Positive Findings from examination of specimens.
Kind
of
animal.
1
Equines ... ...
Bovines ... ...
Ovines ... ...
Canines ... ...
Aves ... ...
Others ... ...
Total ...
Five Divisions ...
GRAND TOTAL ...
Actinomycosis.
2
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
2
Anthrax.
3
...
9
...
...
...
...
9
9
18
Haemorrhagic Septi-
caemia.
4
...
77
3
...
...
...
80
153
233
Black quarter.
5
...
28
...
...
...
...
28
3
31
Piroplasmosis.
6
425
10,152
56
1,233
...
...
11,866
12
11,878
P. Gibsoni.
7
...
...
...
152
...
..
152
152
T. Mutans.
8
...
32
...
...
...
...
32
...
32
Anaplasmosis.
9
...
25
...
...
...
...
25
...
25
Leucocytosis and other
anaemic changes.
10
...
554
...
...
...
...
554
...
554
Trypanosomiasis.
11
4?
18
...
1
...
...
61
1
62
Avian Pasteurellosis.
12
...
...
...
...
36
...
36
9
45
Spirochaetosis.
13
...
...
...
...
21
...
21
...
21
Rabbit Septicaemia.
14
...
...
...
...
...
2
2
...
2
B. Coli.
15
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
...
2
B. Necrosis.
16
2
4
...
...
...
...
6
...
6
B. Tetanus.
17
24
...
...
...
...
...
24
...
24
Staphylacocci.
18
4
6
...
5
...
...
15
...
15
Streptococci.
19
4
8
...
...
...
...
12
...
12
Diplococci.
20
2
...
...
2
...
...
4
...
4
Pnoumococci.
21
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
...
1
Micrococci.
22
...
...
...
2
...
...
2
...
2
Strangles.
23
2
...
...
...
...
2
...
2
Coccidiosis.
24
...
4
...
...
...
...
4
...
4
Skin disease (Mange).
25
3
4
...
12
...
...
19
...
19
Ascaris.
26
2
3
...
4
...
...
9
...
9
T. Tonsurans.
27
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
...
2
Filaria lachrymalis.
28
...
5
...
...
...
5
...
5
Carcinoma.
29
...
..
...
8
...
8
...
8
Fibroma.
30
...
4
...
...
...
4
...
4
Lipoma.
31
...
2
...
...
...
2
...
2
Sarcoma.
32
...
2
...
...
...
2
...
2
Grand Total.
33
510
10,944
59
1,419
57
2
12.991
187
13,178
2
B.—Statement showing cases treated with trypan blue injection
for piroplasma infection.
Number
of con-
firmed
cases.
1
11,823
Number of injections received.
I.
2
39,528
II.
3
1.855
III.
4
384
Number of deaths.
Before
injection.
5
16
After
injection.
6
58
Known
to be
cured.
7
21.009
Animals
confirmed
but not
injected.
8
Not
known.
Re-
marks.
9
C.— Statement showing the during and inspection work performed by the
Gazetted Officers of the Department.
Serial
No.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Name of Officer.
2
Major R. F. Stirling ...
Major W. H. Priston ...
Rai Sahib R. V. Pillai ...
Rai
Sahib Gouri
Shankar
Shrivastava.
Mr. Abdul Quadh ...
Mr. Kashi Prasad ...
Mr. C. N Subhannah ...
Rahim Bux ...
Mr. L. M.
Roy,
officiating
Deputy Superintendent, West
Berar Division.
Mr. P. S. Nair ...
Mr. M.
James,
officiating
Deputy Superintendent.
Total ...
Miles travelled by
Rail.
3
1,602
...
126
2,273
108
1,388
1,682
1.981
3,166
570
...
12,896
Road
4
2,332
2,697
1,833
1,383
2,472
2,150
1,917
2,892
789
3,476
798
22,739
Number
of days
on tour.
5
72
54
64
153
116
125
135
175
172
114
28
1,208
Number
of
dispen-
saries
inspect-
ed.
6
41
23
16
15
13
13
*22
15
16
...
...
174
Remarks.
7
*Including
3
State
Veterinary
dispen-
saries.
Cattle farms, slaughter-houses, cattle shows, fairs, markets, etc., were inspected by officers
of the department in the ordinary course of their duties.
3
D.—Statement showing the number of cattle disease reports received and
attended during the year 1930-31.
Serial No.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Name of district.
2
Nagpur ...
Wardha ...
Chanda ...
Bhandara ...
Balaghat ...
Raipur ...
Carried over ..
Number of reports.
Re-
ceiv-
ed.
3
130
82
133
99
136
333
913
De-
tect-
ed.
4
28
17
45
6
28
99
223
Total.
5
158
99
178
105
164
432
1,136
Number of reports
attended.
By
Vete-
rinary
Ins-
pec-
tors.
6
36
1
6
7
8
9
67
By
Vete-
rinary
Assist-
ant
Sur-
geons.
7
122
98
172
98
156
423
1,069
Total.
8
158
99
178
105
164
432
1.136
Num-
ber
of
re-
ports
re-
main-
ed
unat-
tend-
ed.
9
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Remarks.
10
36 outbreak reports were
attended by Mr. G. H.
Khan,
Officiating
Veterinary
Inspector,
Nagpur, independently.
1 report was attended
by Mr. G. H. Khan,
Officiating Veterinary
Inspector,
Nagpur,
independently.
6 reports were attended
by Mr. R. K. Sanyal,
Veterinary
Inspector,
Chanda, independently
and 2 reports conjointly
with Veterinary Assist-
ant Surgeons.
7 reports were attended
by Mr. M. H. Jan,
Officiating Veterinary
Inspector,
Gondia,
independently.
8 reports were attended
by Mr. M. H. Jan,
Officiating Veterinary
Inspector,
Gondia,
independently.
9 reports were attended
by Mr. P. S. Sunda-
ram, Veterinary
In-
spector,
Raipur,
independently
and
1 report was attended
by
him
conjointly
with
Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons.