NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
3
and Buldana districts and inspected 11 dispensaries once, i.e.,
all the dispensaries in the Buldana district, except Shegaon,
and the dispensaries at Patur, Basim, Pusad and Umerkhed.
Mr. Mohammed Abdul Quadir was transferred from
Jubbulpore Division to the charge of the Berar Division
which he took over on 15th June 1925. While in charge
of Jubbulpore Division he toured in the Mandla district,
inspected the dispensaries at Dindori and Shahpura once and
visited the Panagar cattle market.
He toured in the
4 districts of Berar and inspected 7 dispensaries, twice, and
24 dispensaries, once, i.e., all the 31 dispensaries in the
Amraoti, Akola, Buldana and Yeotmal districts. He inspected
the offices of the Veterinary Inspectors, Akola, Amraoti
and Buldana.
8. The sanctioned post of Deputy Superintendent,
Civil Veterinary Department, Nerbudda Division, was filled
up during the year, with the approval of the Local Govern-
ment, and Mr. D. M. Swamy, Senior Veterinary Inspector,
Nerbudda Division, was promoted to the Deputy Superin-
tendent's grade and held charge of the division from 1st
April 1925 onwards. He toured in the 5 districts of his
charge and inspected all the 15 dispensaries in his division
twice and seven important slaughter-houses. He attended
the Agricultural exhibition held at the Powarkheda farm and
the Singaji fair and organized propaganda work. He carried
out the technique of protective inoculation for blackquarter
by the latest methods in 34 head of cattle at Nawapur village
in Bhainsdehi tahsil with satisfactory results
He also
inspected the offices of the Veterinary Inspectors, Nerbudda
Division and Nimar district.
9. Mr. Rahim Bux, Senior Veterinary Inspector, was
promoted to the Deputy Superintendent's grade and took
over charge of the Jubbulpore Division from Mr. Abdul
Quadir, on the latter's transfer to Berar Division on 6th June
1925, and held charge throughout the year. He toured in
the Jubbulpore, Damoh, Saugor and Mandla districts and
inspected the 13 dispensaries in his division; I, thrice,
10, twice, and two dispensaries, once.
He
attended
the District Agricultural Exhibition held at Adhartal farm,
Jubbulpore, and inspected the offices of the Veterinary
Inspectors, Seoni and Saugor, and the slaughter-houses at
Saugor, Khurai, Damoh, Jubbulpore and Mandla.
4
10. Mr. J. M. Bhatt, Veterinary Inspector, Drug, was
appointed as Officiating
Deputy Superintendent
vice
Mr. R. V. Pillai (on other duty) and was attached to the
Laboratory from 1st June 1925.
He visited the Ramtek
dispensary and toured in the Ramtek tahsil in order to
conduct an enquiry.
11. The touring work performed by the gazetted
officers of the department is tabulated below:—
Name of officer.
1. Mr. C. W. Wilson ...
2. Mr. R. V. Pillai ...
3. Mr. Gouri Shankar ...
4. Mr. V. K. Vairagkar ...
5. Mr. Abdul Quadir ...
6. Mr. D. M. Swamy ...
7. Mr. Rahim Bux ...
8. Mr. J. M. Bhatt ...
Total ...
Miles travelled by
Rail.
5,741
2,074
1,868
126
154
3,859
1,134
52
15,008
Road.
1,708
494
2,679
571
2,390
1,044
1,428
74
10,388
Number of
days on
tour.
93
63
209
35
122
190
135
3
850
I.—VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
12. None of the salutry Veterinary Assistants attempted
to improve his prospects in the department by completing
the 3rd year course at the Bombay Veterinary College. Out
of the 7 scholarships tenable at the Bombay Veterinary
College only 4 were awarded, viz., 3 to suitable candi-
dates in the Province and 1 to a final year student at that
College.
13. The 3 Central Provinces scholarship holders in
the 3rd year course at the Bombay Veterinary College
passed the final examination and joined the department in
the current year. The 2nd year student and 1 of the
3 first year students passed the annual examination and
5
were promoted to higher classes, respectively; of the remain-
ing 2 students in the 1st year, 1 left the College owing
to failure of health and one could not appear at the annual
promotion examination owing to ill-health.
14. Compounders'
class.—In the 2 sessions held
during the year 14 men were admitted for training in the
Compounders' class at the Nagpur Veterinary dispensary.
The 1st session included a District Council compounder who
had not completed the course by the end of the previous
year. Of the new men admitted 12 were awarded Govern-
ment stipends and the remaining 2 were sent for training at
the cost of the District Councils of Amraoti and Mandla.
Two of the Government stipendiary students absented them-
selves from the class without permission shortly after joining
and the man sent by the District Council, Mandla, absconded
from the class on 31st March 1926.
Eleven students
(10 Government stipendiary students and 1 District Council
man) were examined and certified fit for the post of com-
pounder. The student sent by the Amraoti District Council
was under training at the end of the year.
15. Ten probationary Veterinary Assistants were trained
in elementary bacteriological technique at the Nagpur
Laboratory and were also given practical training in the
methods of inoculation and castration by the Veterinary
Inspectors under whom they subsequently worked. Special
attention was given to familiarizing them with the use of
Burdizzo castrator.
II.—TREATMENT OF DISEASES.
1—EXAMINATION
OF
SPECIMENS.
16. The Central Veterinary Laboratory at Nagpur
continued to maintain its usefulness and popularity during the
year under report. The figures embodied in the statements
appended clearly show that the progress made by this
Institution has surpassed expectations.
17. 32,629 specimens representing 17,217 individual
cases were received for examination and report.
These
comprised blood and pus smears and other morbid material,
worm parasites, ticks and biting flies. Samples of urine,
milk, etc., were accepted for testing.
6
18. The total positive findings were 6,471 thereby
necessitating the issue of 2,601 special reports for the
guidance of field staff:—
A.—Statement of positive findings for the year 1925-26.
Kind of animal.
1
Equines ...
Bovines ...
Ovines
...
Canines ...
Aves
...
Others ...
Total ...
Anthrax.
2
...
16
...
...
...
...
16
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.
3
...
343
13
...
...
...
356
Blackquarter.
4
...
32
...
...
...
...
32
Piroplasmosis.
5
743
4,429
202
447
...
...
5,821
Anaplasmosis.
6
..
2
...
10
...
...
12
Trypanosomiasis.
7
75
33
...
1
...
...
109
Avian Pasteurellosis.
8
...
...
...
...
29
...
29
Strangles.
9
17
...
...
...
...
...
17
Spirochætosis.
10
...
...
...
...
7
...
7
Actinomycosis.
11
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
Leucocytosis and other anæ-
mic changes.
12
9
12
2
23
...
1
47
Cantharides Vesicatoria.
13
..
1
..
...
...
...
1
Ascaridæ.
14
...
...
1
1
...
1
3
Orthopterus mantis.
15
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Distomiasis.
16
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Echinococcus cysts.
17
...
2
...
...
...
...
2
Setaria equina.
18
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
Filaria labia to papillosa.
19
...
5
...
...
...
...
5
Dracunculus medinensis.
20
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Sarcoptic mange.
21
..
1
...
...
...
...
1
Oxyuris curvula.
22
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
Sarcoma.
23
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Fibro-sarcoma.
24
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Lipoma.
25
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
Fibroma.
26
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
Argus persicus.
27
...
...
...
...
1
...
1
Hyalomma Ægypthim.
28
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
Total.
29
846
4,885
218
483
37
2
6,471
7
B.—Statement showing cases treated with Trypan blue injection for Piroplasma injection.
No. of
confirmed
cases.
1
5,821
No. of injections received.
I
2
3,267
II
3
199
III
4
27
More
than
three.
5
2
No. of deaths.
Before
injection.
6
290
After
injection.
7
50
Known
to be
cured.
8
3,445
Animals
confirmed
but not
injected.
9
2,036
Remarks.
10
8
2.—TREATMENT
OF
DISEASES.
19. The year under report is calculated to have been
a particularly bad one for cattle as contagious diseases inflicted
unusually heavy losses amongst them. The total number of
deaths reported from contagious diseases rose to 46,265 as
against 28,763 in the preceding year.
20. 9,899 outbreak reports were received and detected
during the year as against 7,454 of the preceding year.
Rinderpest prevailed in a virulent form in every district in
the Province thereby contributing largely to the high
mortality which was greatest in Chanda, Mandla, Bilaspur
and Saugor. The mortality from this disease alone figures
at 38,685. Late reporting in certain areas and want of
ordinary precautionary measures by the villagers, coupled
with the severity of outbreaks of rinderpest, are the prime
causes of such a heavy mortality. It goes without saying
that the mortality would have been heavier but for the excel-
lent results obtained from preventive inoculation.
21. Rinderpest.—A study of the statistics collated on
the incidence of rinderpost in the Province emphasizes the
fact that this disease has a triennial recrudescence of virulence.
The year under report saw a passing phase of such a recru-
descence.
22. 4,533 outbreak reports of this disease were received
and all but 19 were attended to before the close of the year.
23. The disease was most severe in Raipur, Drug, Bilas-
pur, Mandla, Seoni, Saugor, Yeotmal and Chanda districts,
while Akola and Narsinghpur suffered the least.
24. During the year under report a record number of
inoculations against this disease, viz., 140,866, has been
achieved. The after-mortality amongst inoculated animals
was 22.7 or 0.16 per cent.
25. Foot-and-mouth disease.—This disease was ubiqui-
tous throughout the Province. 4,137 reports were received
with a mortality of 793 against 3,941 reports and 982 deaths
of the previous year. Even this small mortality is attributed
to the existence of mixed infection in those animals which
succumbed.
9
26. Anthrax occurred sporadically in Betul, Nimar,
Amraoti, Balaghat, Wardha, Seoni and Mandla districts, while
Akola, Buldana, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara and Narsinghpur
districts were free from this infection. It prevailed in a mild
form in the Jubbulpore district but nevertheless it caused
deaths amongst 245 animals. 174 reports were received but
in only 16 instances was the disease microscopically con-
firmed. 500 animals received Anti-Anthrax inoculation as
most of the cases occurred sporadically. To supply correct
information upon the incidence of this disease and to make
the public aware of the grave dangers attendant on the impro-
per disposal of beasts dead of Anthrax is ever uppermost
in the minds of the officials of this department. For, the
spores of Anthrax bacilli have been known to lie dormant in
an infected soil for years and then exalt themselves and cause
formidable outbreaks. Every endeavour was made to en-
lighten the villagers regarding the correct methods for the dis-
posal of carcasses and the risk human beings run in the care-
less handling of carcasses of Anthrax.
27. It is generally conceded that one of the main
sources of Anthrax infection of human beings is in the trade
of hides of infected animals.
The so called East India hide,
a great percentage of which is really Indian hide, has an
unpopularity in the Western markets on this score and the
matter has of late assumed international importance to the
detriment of hide trade of this vast country by reason of the
menace it holds for the workmen handling them.
From a
humanitarian point of view one can only laud any genuine
efforts to combat this evil and to remove the bad name
acquired by merchants who exploit the Indian villages. From
an economic point of view such a bad name must operate
adversely on the trade.
28. Hæmorrhagic
Septicæmia.—Although
sporadic
cases were reported from Bhandara, Balaghat, Seoni, Chanda,
Nimar and Betul districts yet the disease generally assumed
unusual virulence in the other districts prevailing all the year
round and presumably due to the irregular and heavy rainfall
occurring in certain tracts of the Province.
This is a soil-
borne disease with propensities to intensify itself in inundated
areas under conditions not very correctly understood.
684
reports of this disease were received and the mortality is
estimated to be 3,774. The heaviest mortality occurred in
10
Raipur district, while Bilaspur, Drug and Jubbulpore suffered
in proportion. In 343 instances the disease was microscopi-
cally confirmed. 8,124 animals received protective inocula-
tion against 4,050 of the preceding year.
29. The disease appeared in sheep and goats in
Buldana, Amraoti, Bhandara and Damoh districts and the
migratory habits of these animals are responsible
for
simultaneous outbreaks among Bovines in the neighbourhood.
Thirteen cases of Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia in goats were
microscopically confirmed and 159 animals received Anti¬
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia inoculation.
30. A matter which has come under consideration is,
how can one best use the resources of the Department for the
organization of a speedier method of accurate diagnosis of
this disease without risking a set-back inevitable when diagno-
sis is based solely on microscopic appearances.
The close
similarity of symptoms presented by the disease, isolated out-
breaks in a large tract which has to be covered by one
Veterinary Assistant and want of facilities in certain dispen-
saries for stocking the required Anti-Serum in sufficient
quantity, on the off chance of its being required at any one
time, all contribute to suppressive measures not having been
so speedily carried out as circumstances would warrant.
Arrangements will be made as soon as practicable to remedy
this defect.
31. Blackquarter.—165
outbreak reports
of
this
disease were received during the year against 124 of the
previous year. It was prevalent all over the province except-
ing in Bhandara, Drug, Wardha and Nimar districts which
were practically free.
Microscopical confirmation was
possible in 32 cases and 868 inoculations were performed
with Blackquarter Serum in actual outbreaks.
32. 1,243 animals were protected by special vaccination
against this disease in localities from which a seasonal pre-
valence of Blackquarter was reported and with excellent
results. This method of vaccination is bound to play a big
part in the measures likely to be adopted for the control of
this dire disease in the near future.
33. A feature in the matter of control of Blackquarter
which tends to upset present day technique is the theory
recently enunciated that in the disease formerly exclusively
11
known under the pseudonym "Blackquarter" we have more
than one etiological factor to deal with and further that that
factor may vary according to the locality. The products now
available for its suppression are considered efficacious enough
to suppress all such infections as are included in the common
name "Blackquarter".
34. Piroplasmosis.—The disease was less prevalent than
in the previous year, perhaps as the result of the concerted
action taken against the disease during the last few years.
5,821 cases were microscopically confirmed or 33 per cent of
the total cases reported, against 9,139 cases of the previous
year. Sufficient evidence was forthcoming to show that, in
certain instances the effect of Anti-Serum inoculation was, in
some degree, decreased because the subjects were chronic
sufferers from Piroplasmosis. Statement B appended shows
details of work done under this head.
35. Trypanosomiasis.—Under this heading a falrly large
increase in both equines and bovines has to be reported. No
less than 75 cases amongst the former class and 33 amongst
the latter were confirmed by microscopical examination of
films. The figures are larger than those reported in any of
the five immediately preceding this year. The affected
equines were dealt with under the Glanders and Farcy Act
but some had already succumbed to the disease before action
could be taken. Advice as to the treatment of the bovines
was given.
36. Strangles.—This
disease was
reported from
Hoshangabad, Betul, Narsinghpur, Seoni and Chhindwara
districts. Seventeen cases in equines were confirmed for this
disease. In most cases surgical treatment gave the required
relief.
37. Tetanus.—Prophylactic
measures were undertaken
to protect 14 animals against this disease prior to the perform-
ance of some major surgical operations. The results were
satisfactory.
38. Rabies.—Cases of rabies in dogs were reported
from Nagpur, Raipur, Amraoti, Akola and Chhindwara.
Thirty-three deaths are recorded. Ready assistance was
rendered by the staff concerned to those bitten who desired
to undergo Anti-Rabic treatment at Nagpur or Jubbulpore
12
Of the brains of two dogs sent to Kasauli, the one from Akola
was confirmed for Rabies while that from Chhindwara was
negative.
39. Eleven valuable dogs received Anti-Rabic treatment
in the Nagpur Veterinary dispensary and only in one case
was the treatment reported ineffective.
40. Fowl Cholera.—Twenty-nine outbreaks of this
disease in poultry were confirmed microscopically and in eight
outbreaks 363 birds received Anti-Serum inoculation. The
results are reported to be satisfactory.
41. Distemper in dogs was effectively checked in 19
cases by prophylactic inoculation and 35 cases received
curative treatment by a course of vaccination. In both
instances owners had to be charged for the products obtained
for them.
42. Other diseases.—Distomiasis in cattle and sheep,
Bhouri in cattle, infections due to various internal parasites
and actinomycosis in cattle also came under observation.
3.—OTHER DISEASES.
43. Medico-legal cases.—The staff of the department
examined 266 animals reported by the police to have been
maliciously injured, issued certificates after verifying the
nature of injuries, by post mortem examination, and in certain
doubtful cases gave evidence in the courts whenever their
written statements required further elucidation.
44. Eight poisoning cases were reported during the year
from Drug, Bilaspur, Seoni and Narsinghpur districts. The
stomach contents of animals suspected to have been poisoned
in two cases, one from Narsinghpur and another from Seoni,
were sent to the Chemical Examiner, Agra, who detected
Arsenic poisoning in the former.
4.—HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES.
45. A new dispensary was opened at Deulgaon Raja in
the Chikhli taluq of the Buldana district during the year.
The total number of Veterinary Dispensaries including the
Rajnandgaon State Veterinary Dispensary was therefore 89 at
the close of the year.
13
46. As the work at the Rajnandgaon State Dispensary
has considerably improved on account of its being under
departmental control, the Khairagarh and Raigarh State
Veterinary Dispensaries were, at the, instance of the Political
Agent, Chhattisgarh Feudatory States, periodically visited by
the Deputy Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
Chhattisgarh Division.
47. Buildings.—During the year minor repairs were
undertaken by local bodies at several dispensaries, and
improvements to the stables at Lakhnadon and the dispensary
buildings at Balaghat were carried out.
48. Necessary additions and alterations were made in
the Sarai buildings at Karanja and Patur (Akola district) so
as to provide accommodation for the assistants in addition to
the location of dispensaries therein.
49. A new site has been acquired for the construction
of dispensary buildings at Kelapur.
50. A new dispensary building at Chikhli (Buldana dis-
trict) was under construction during the year.
51. Improvements were made during the year in the
married compounders' quarters at the Nagpur Veterinary
Dispensary and the entrance to the horse paddocks was
rebuilt in the latest pattern.
52. A dog kennel was provided and other minor im-
provements effected at the Pachmarhi Veterinary Dispensary.
Additional funds were allotted for completion of the wire
fencing to the Chikalda Dispensary.
53. Proposals for opening new dispensaries at Banda
and Waraseoni tahsils were under consideration and as a
preliminary step a Veterinary Assistant was posted to Wara-
seoni in the Balaghat district and placed on special duty for
castration and inoculation work. This measure partially
removes the long felt want of veterinary aid in the Waraseoni
tahsil.
54. The Wardha District Council sanctioned a peon
from 1st March 1926 for accompanying the Veterinary
Assistant, Arvi, on tour in rural area and the inconvenience
which the Veterinary Assistant felt in carrying on tour work
in the tahsil was removed.
14
55. As the Local Government sanctioned a grant of
Rs. 10,000 for the construction of human dispensary build-
ings at Morsi, the Amraoti District Council decided that
when the new buildings are ready the present human dis-
pensary buildings should be utilized for the Morsi Veterinary
Dispensary.
56. The Akola District Council resolved to open a new
dispensary at Risod and provided funds for its maintenance.
Steps are being taken to provide suitable accommodation for
the dispensary. A Veterinary Assistant will be placed in
charge of the dispensary early in the current year.
57. The number of cases treated by Veterinary In-
spectors and Assistants on tour was 383,730 including
35,842 castrations as against 351,673 including 23,812 castra-
tions in the previous year. The number of cases treated at
dispensaries was 111,958 including 3,392 castrations as
against 108,326 including 2,408 castrations in the past year.
The moffussil cases, i.e., those supplied with medicines but
not brought to the dispensaries, were 180,499 as against
158,746 in the previous year.
III.—BREEDING OPERATIONS.
58. The cattle-breeding farms in the province continued
under the control of the Agriculture Department and were
visited by officers of this department who gave advice on
professional matters whenever necessary.
In addition
5 Veterinary Assistants were placed on special duty to emas-
culate unsuitable bulls during the cold weather. The large
number of animals dealt with establishes a record figure and
is a clear indication that the stock owners appreciate the
Western methods of castration. The Veterinary Assistants
employed on this work were distributed as under:—
Total ...
1 in Chhattisgarh Division.
1 in Nerbudda Division.
2 in Nagpur Division.
1 in Jubbulpore Division.
5
59. The new method of castration by the Burdizzo
castrator has become increasingly popular and several District
Councils have supplied during the year Burdizzo castrators to
each of the dispensaries under their control to enable the