NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
292 Goat Virus Vaccination in the Central Provinces & Berar
APPENDIX
Table showing the details of experiments in respect of loss of milk yield
Serial No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Method of Vaccination
Blood virus alone
Ditto .
Tissue virus alone
Ditto .
Ditto .
Ditto .
Ditto .
Blood virus-cum-
serum.
Ditto .
Ditto .
Ditto .
Class of animal
Na me of animal
Cow .
She-buffalo
Cow .
Cow .
Cow .
She-buffalo
She buffalo
Cow .
Cow .
She-buffalo
She-buffalo
Urvasi .
Thaki .
Sivarani .
Vasundara .
Anjani .
Ravi .
Gulnar .
Kusamavati .
Prabhavati .
Jamila .
Devaki .
Breed*
⅝ H.⅛
A. ¼
M.
¾ D. ¼ S. .
⅝ H. ⅛ A. ¼ M.
½ M. ¼ H.316 A.
1/16 S.
⅝
M. ⅛ H.
¼ A.
Pure Delhi .
⅞ D. ⅛ S.
½ M. ¼ A. ¼
H.
½ M. ¼ A. ¼ H.
⅞ D. ⅛ S. .
¾ D. ¼ S. .
Age
3
10
5
6
6
7
6
9
8
5
9
Lactation
1
5
1
2
2
3
3
5
5
1
3
Mont h of lactation
2
7
7
9
7
7
6
5
8
7
7
Mont h of pr e gna nc y
Nil
5
6
5
3
5
4
4
5
5
7
Average milk yield per
day in May
lbs.
13.6
15.4
7.04
14.55
7.7
23.54
17.7
23.75
9.95
16.88
15.39
Average milk yield 10
days prior to vaccina¬
tion
lbs.
13.6
14.7
6.7
13.2
6.7
20.6
16.0
21.45
8.25
15.68
13.43
*Cows.—H.—Hissar.
Typical charts
M.—Montgomery.
A.—Ayrshire.
S.—Sind—
Buffaloes.—D.—Delhi.
S.—Surti.
BACHAN SINGH 293
F—contd.
after Goat Virus Vaccination, at Agricultural College Dairy, Nagpur.
Percentage of natural
decrease
...
10.0
4.2
9.0
13.0
12.0
9.8
9.6
17.08
7.0
12.0
Reaction
Thermal
good
Thermal
slight
Do. .
Do. .
Do. .
Do. .
Do. .
Nil
Nil .
Thermal
slight
Do. .
Number
of days
reaction
lasted
3rd to 9th
3rd to 6th
4th to 6th
Do. .
4th .
3rd to 5th
5th to 7th
Nil
Nil
6th and
7th
4th to 7th
Highest
temperature
recorded
105.4
102.8
102.8
103.0
103.2
102.8
102.8
...
...
102.0
102.6
Days of commencement
of loss of milk
2
2
1
...
1
5
1
2
3
5
6
Day of highest loss due
to reaction
7
12
9
12
8
9
8
9
6
9
9
Percentage of highest
loss
52
20
25
20
27
11
30
19
21
17
25
Number of days loss
was noticed
15
17
20
†25
†25
4
22
†26
†25
11
7
Total amount of loss
lbs.
56.5
30.0
24.0
62.4
26.0
8.4
42.5
67.0
51.0
12.0
32.64
Percentage of loss due
to reaction
26.0
12.0
18.0
18.0
15.0
10.0
12.0
13.0
20.73
7.0
21.0
Day of recovery
17
19
21
...
25
10
23
...
...
17
14
Net loss after deducting
natural decrease
26.0
2.0
13.2
9.0
2.0
2.0
2.4
3.4
3.65
Nil
9.0
Percentage of loss after
recovery
10
2
13
9
2
...
...
3
3
...
...
Percentage of increase
after recovery
...
...
...
...
...
2%
3%
...
...
...
5%
Effect
of
climatic
change
Nil
Yes
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Nil
Yes
Do.
Do.
Slight
†The number of days loss was noticed is not definite and marked.
are given in italics.
294 Goat Virus Vaccination in the Central Provinces & Berar
APPENDIX G
Summary of experiment in respect of fixation of local rinderpest virus
Procedure.—Rinderpest virus from a typical case of the disease from the
scene of a natural outbreak was obtained from a bullock and injected into two
buffalo calves. At the height of the thermal reaction the virus was drawn
from one of the animals and given subcutaneously to two young goats, and
in this manner the virus was passed in goats on every fourth day. For every
" passage " two goats were employed. At each passage a regular thermal
chart was maintained and clinical symptoms exhibited by the experimental
animals were carefully noted. Up to the 20th " passage " the manifestations
of clinical symptoms of rinderpest such as formation of vesicles on the buccal
mucous membrane and pneumonia were constant features in goats and there-
after on subsequent " passage " the formation of vesicles became less prominent
and became extinct on the 30th " passage " when only congestion of the gums
and no other lesions in the mouth could be noticed. From the fourth " pass-
age " onwards virulence of the virus was tested in cattle at each passage
and for this purpose either cow calves or buffalo calves were employed. Up to
the 19th " passage " two animals (calves) were employed for the test and later
on only one animal was used for the sake of economy.
After the 25th " passage " onwards the clinical reaction in the control
animals became milder in intensity. On the 40th " passage " the virus was
further tested on a batch of 27 animals at Saugor, their thermal and clinical
reactions were noted, both morning and evening, for a period of ten days.
The result was that all the animals withstood the above test, and the reaction
both clinical and thermal shown by them was akin to " Muktesar strain "
of virus which points to the conclusion that the virus got fixed. From now
onwards the local strain of virus was employed with good results for the
vaccination of cattle in a mass scale and till the termination of the scheme it
has undergone as many as 191 " passages " without losing its potency.
Table showing the details of the Experiment is given below.
Central Provinces Strain
..
Local
..
Goat to Goat.
Passage
No.
1
Kind of
animal
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
No.
223
224
Reaction
Temperature,
Congestion
of
buccal mucous membrane,
Pneumonia
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia
Result
Recovered
Died
Remarks
Pneumonia P. M.
Lesions.
BACHAN
SINGH
295
APPENDIX G—contd.
Passage
No.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Kind of
animal
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo
Calf
(Test
animal
control).
Ditto . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
No.
E 26
E 27
E 28
E 29
E 32
E 33
38
39
E 36
E 37
250
251
264
265
13
14
270
271
280
281
19
20
290
291
18
21
Reaction
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Pneumonia,
Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Vesicles.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils,Dull, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Diarrhoea, Vesicles,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Vesicles,
Diarrhoea, Pneumonia.
Non reactor.
Non reactor.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Soft faeces,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Pneumonia . .
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Congestion of buccal
mucous membrane, Discharge
from eyes and nostrils, Pneumo¬
nia.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
Temperature, Discharge from eyes,
Vesicles, Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature,
Congestion
of
mucous membrane, Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Dull, Discharge from
eyes and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Dull, Discharge from
eyes and nostrils, Vesicles,
Pneumonia, Diarrhoea.
Non
Reactor
.
.
.
.
Non Reactor
.
.
.
.
Result
Died
.
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
Died .
Died .
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
...
...
Remarks
P. M. Lesions Pne¬
umonia Enteritis.
Faeces
Positive for
Coccidiosis.
Faeces Positive for
Coccidiosis.
Faeces Positive for
Coccidiosis.
P. M. Enteritis and
Pneumonia.
Ditto.
P. M. Enteritis illio¬
caecal valve ulcera-
ted.
P. M. Enteritis and
Pneumonia.
Tested with
local
virus, No reaction.
Ditto.
G
296 Goat Virus Vaccination in the Central Provinces & Berar
APPENDIX G—contd.
Passage
No.
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Kind of
animal
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat. .
Goat. .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
No.
295
298
17
22
305
306
23
24
320
321
29
30
328
329
31
32
332
333
33
34
344
345
35
36
352
353
39
40
360
361
Reaction
Temperature, Pneumonia, Diar-
rhoea, Vesicles.
Temperature .
.
.
.
Temperature, Congestion
of
mucous membrane, Dull.
Temperature, Vesicles, Dull .
Temperature, Diarrhoea, Pncu¬
monia.
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Congestion
of
mucous membrane, Dull.
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Dull, Dischargefrom
eyes and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea .
Temperature, Buccal mucous
membrane, Congested
Soft
Faeces, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Diarrhoea, Pneu-
monia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils, Pneumonia.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils, Diarrhoea, Pneu-
monia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Dull, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Dull, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia,
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia
Temperature, Dull, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature, Diarrhoea, Pneu-
monia.
Temperature, Diarrhoea, Pneu-
monia.
Result
Died
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
Died .
Recovered
Died .
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Recovered
Died .
Died .
Died .
Died .
Died .
Died .
Remarks
P.. M. Pneumonia
and Enteritis.
Blood positive T.
mutans. Faecesposi¬
tive for Coccidio¬
sis.
Faeces positive for
Coccidiosis.
P. M. Enteritis and
slightly Pneumonia.
Blood T. mutans.
Blood T. mutans.
P. M. Enteritis.
P. M. Enteritis.
P. M. Pneumonia and
Enteritis;
Faeces
positive for Cocci-
diosis.
P. M. lesions, Ente-
ritis and Pneumo¬
monia.
Faeces, positive for
Coccidiosis. Acute
infection.
P. M. lesions, Pneu-
monia.
P. M.lesions, Pneu-
monia and Enteri¬
tis.
P. M.lesions, Enteri¬
tis. P. M.lesions,Enteri¬
tis.
P. M. lesions, Enteri-
tis and slightly
Pneumonia.
P. M. lesions, Enteri¬
tis and Pneumonia
BACHAN
SINGH
297
APPENDIX G—concld.
Passage
No.
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Kind of
animal.
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
No.
366
367
52
53
378
380
388
389
57
396
400
403
405
60
412
413
422
423
63
430
431
438
439
67
445
416
453
454
70
463
464
72
471
474
479
480
76
Reaction
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea,
Pneumonia.
Temperature, Vesicles, Diarrhoea
Temperature,
Congestion
of
buccal
mucous
membrance,
Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia .
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature,
Congestion
of
buccal mucous membrane, soft
faeces.
Temperature, Diarrhoea . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia
Temperature,
Congestion
of
buccal
mucous
membrane,
Diarrhoea.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Discharge from eyes,
mucous membrane congested.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Discharge from eyes
and nostrils.
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia
Temperature, Dull, Pneumonia .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Result
Died
Died .
Died
.
Recovered
Died .
Died .
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Died
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Died .
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Died .
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Remarks
P. M. Lesioons. Enteri
tis and Pnenmonia.
P. M. lesions, Enteri-
tis and Pnenmonia.
P. M. lesions, Enteri¬
tis.
P. M. lesions, Pne
monia and Enteri-
tis.
P. M. lesions, Pneu-
monia and Enteri-
tis.
P. M. lesions, Enteri¬
tis and Pneumonia.
P. M. lesions, Enteri-
tis.
P. M. lesions, Pneu¬
Tested with Hill Bull
virus, withstood test.
Tested with Hill Bull
virus, withstood test,
Blood T. mutans.
298 Goat Virus Vaccination in the Central Provinces & Berar
APPENDIX G—concld.
Passage
No.
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Kind of
animal
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Buffalo Calf .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Bull Calf . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
Goat . . .
No
485
486
497
498
81
506
507
515
516
83
522
523
528
529
87
536
537
545
546
90
551
552
558
559
Reaction
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Non Reactor.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Non Reactor.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature, Dull . . .
Non Reactor.
.
.
.
.
Temperature, Dull . . .
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Temperature
.
.
.
.
Result
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Recovered
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
Discharged
...
Discharged
Discharged
Died
Died
Remarks
Goat virus
tested
in 27 animals
at
Saugor with good
results.
P. M. lesions, Pneu-
monia.
P. M. lesions, Pneu-
monia.
—
PASTEURELLOSIS IN WHITE MICE*
BY
V. R. RAJAGOPALAN, G. M. V. C.
AND
V. R. GOPALAKRISHNAN, G. M. V. C.
Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-Kumaun.
(Received for publication on 7th February, 1939)
(With Plate XXIII)
DURING the month of August 1937, an epizootic occurred in the white
mice bred and maintained for experimental purposes at the Imperial Veteri-
nary Research Institute, Mukteswar. Materials from a number of animals
that died were submitted to bacteriological examination and from all these
an organism of the Pasteurella group was isolated. The object of this paper is
to give the cultural, biochemical and serological characters and to record some
salient facts in regard to the identity of the organism.
The outbreak was first noticed in the middle of August and the course of
the disease was so acute that some were stated to have died within a few hours ;
young as well as old mice were found to be the victims. Immediate adoption
of hygienic and other precautionary measures helped considerably in limiting
the spread of infection.
NECROPSY
Post-mortem findings were uniform in all cases excepting slight variations
in the degree of severity of the lesions. The general condition of the animals
was fair with the exception of a few that appeared slightly anaemic.
On opening the carcase numerous haemorrhagic spots were noticed over the
peritoneum and pleura. A drop or two of sero-sanguinous fluid was often
present. Pneumonic lesions were found in the lungs, which in most cases were
consolidated. In two instances the lungs were adherent to the chest wall. The
bronchii contained a few inflammatory patches, coated with dirty white frothy
discharge. The pericardial sac presented a few petechiae. The liver was
usually congested, enlarged and slightly friable and was deep brown in colour.
The spleen was dark in colour, deeply congested and distinctly enlarged.
The parenchyma appeared soft and even the slightest pressure burst the cover-
* Paper read at the Indian Science Congress, 1939.
( 299 )
300
Pasteurellosis in White Mice
ing, exposing the dark red pulp that was almost semi-solid in consistency.
The kidney was congested, the capsule showing inflammatory patches. Lymph
glands were also inflamed.
Smears from heart blood, spleen, liver and lungs were stained and examin-
ed. In almost all the stained preparations, the organism appeared mostly
ovoid, some of them as elongated rods, with bipolar staining. In some smears
of the heart blood, they were rare but a number of them were present, evenly
distributed, in the organ smears.
Materials from the organs were subjected to the usual cultural examination
on laboratory media and final readings were taken after 48 hours at 37° C.
MORPHOLOGY
The organism grown on solid medium appears as short rods, most of them
ovoid, some as elongated rods, slightly convex sides, rounded ends, arranged
singly and in pairs. It is gram-negative, non-motile, non-sporulating and non-
acid-fast. In smear preparations of broth culture no marked morphological
difference could be noticed excepting that the bacillary form is, perhaps, more
frequently seen. Attempts to demonstrate capsules, if any, by various methods
in tissue and culture smears, proved unsuccessful.
CULTURAL CHARACTERS
Agar :—Colonies appear greyish, raised, transluscent, circular 1-2 mm. in
diameter, entire margin, moist and glistening. After 24 hours, they become
viscid with a tendency to accumulate at the bottom and even flow down
the slant. Occasionally neighbouring colonies coalesce, manifesting notice-
able convexity in the lower aspect. When touched with a loop, the colony
easily adheres to it and is even carried away like a string for a short length.
Older cultures become confluent, slightly dry and adherent to the medium,
assuming a wrinkled appearance (Plate XXIII, fig. 1.)
Blood agar :—The growth appears more luxuriant than on plain agar,
showing no evidence of heamolysis.
Beef bouillon.—Growth is characterised by a distinct greyish pellicle form-
ing a ring at the surface. Moderate turbidity of the medium is also
noticed. When kept undisturbed for over 72 hours stalactite formation is
evident ; the growth being of a light flocculo-membranous nature. A little
shaking makes the surface layer come down en masse or sometimes more or
less in long ropy columns or filaments, that on rest tend to go up to the surface
of the medium (Plate XXIII, fig. 2).
It grows aerobically and no noticeable growth is observed under anaerobic
condition.
The biochemical and other properties are tabulated along with those of
known strains of Pasteurella and Past. pseudotuberculosis rodentium (Table I).
Ind. Jour. Vety. Sci. & Anim. Husb., Vol. IX, Part III ]
PLATE XXIII
FIG. 1.
Four days' old culture of Past. muricida showing
wrinkled appearance ; the one on the right is
24 hours' old
FIG. 2.
Seventy-two hours' old broth culture of Past.
muricida showing stalactite formation.
V. R. RAJAGOPALAN & V. R. GOPALKRISHNAN 301
TABLE I
Comparative tests of mouse organism with some stock Pasteurella strains.
Tests
Adonite . . . .
Arabinose . . .
Dextrose . . .
Dulcite . . . .
Galactose . . .
Glucose . . . .
Glycerol . . . .
Inosite . . . .
Innulin . . . .
Lactose . . . .
Levulose . . .
Maltose . . . .
Mannite . . . .
Mannose . . .
Raffinose. . . .
Rhamnose . . .
Salicin . . . .
Sorhite . . . .
Starch . . . .
Sucrose . . . .
Trehalose . . .
Mobility
Room
temp.
20°C.
Incubator
37°C.
Growth in bile salt
medium
.
Litmus milk . . .
Gelatin . . . .
V.P. . . . .
M.R. . . . .
Nitrate reduction . .
Indole . . . .
Catalose.
(H 2 ) S production . .
M. B. production . .
Mouse
organism
+30
+
+
—
+
+
—
+ 30 sl.
—
—
+
+
+
+
—
—
—
—
+
+
+
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+ +
—
+
C. 11
—
—
+
—
+
+
+3
+30 sl.
—
—
+
+
—
—
—
+
+30
?
+
—
—
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+
—
+ Faint
in 3
days.
+
Pasteure¬
lla
2
0
0
+
0
0
0
—
0
0
—
+
+
+
0
0
—
—
—
0
0
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+
+
+
Past.
10
0
0
+
0
0
0
—
0
0
—
+
+
+
0
0
—
—
0
0
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+
+
+
Past.
14
0
0
+
0
0
0
—
0
0
—
+
+
+
0
0
—
—
0
0
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+
+
+
Past.
34
0
0
+
0
0
0
—
0
0
—
+
+
+
0
0
—
—
0
0
—
—
Poor
Nc.
—
—
+
+
+
+
Remarks
+ = Positive.
— = Negative.
+ =Acid only.
0= Not tested.
Sl.=Slight.
Nc.=No change.
302
Pasteurellosis in White Mice
Details of other strains used for comparative tests.
Stock No.
Past. 2 .
„ 10 .
„ 14 .
„ 18 .
„ 22 .
„ 34 .
C. 9 .
C. 10 .
C. 11 .
C. 17 .
C. 18 .
C. 19 .
C. 20 .
C. 21 .
Organism
Pasteurella boviseptica
.
.
.
.
.
„
„
.
.
.
.
.
„
„
.
.
.
.
.
„
aviseptica
.
.
.
.
.
„
cuniculicida .
.
.
.
.
„
cubaliseptica .
.
.
.
.
„
pseudotuberculosis rodentium . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
„ „ . . . . .
Source
Brazil.
Prof. Scott—Kansas.
Coorg.
Lister Institute No.
821.
Mukteswar.
Punjab.
Gr. I Type A (Kral).
Gr. II Type A (Kral).
Gr. III.
Gr. I, Type B.
Gr. II, Type B.
Gr. IV.
Gr. I. Type A
(Schutze).
Gr. II. Type A.
(Schutze).
PATHOGENICITY
Primary cultures were pathogenic for guinea-pigs, rabbits and mice, death
occurring in about one to four days. On sub-culture the organism gradually
lost its virulence. In fact, a rabbit that was inoculated with 0.5 c.c. of a
saline emulsion of 24-hour blood agar culture of the organism that had
undergone subculturing for about six months, did not show any disturbance
in health or condition. It was destroyed after about a month to see whether
any pseudotuberculous lesions were present, but no evidence of such lesion
could be detected.
AGGLUTINATION REACTION
Although the organism manifested the characters common to the pasteur-
ella group, yet its definite type could not be determined. Hence serological
tests were undertaken. Homologous serum was prepared by inoculating a
rabbit (No. 99) with carbolised saline emulsion of the culture in four successive
doses :—0.25 c.c., 0.5 c.c., 1.0 c.c. and 1.5 c.c. A week after the last injection
the rabbit was bled and the serum separated and stored.
It is necessary to state here a special feature relating to the preparation
of the antigen. Much difficulty was experienced in the preparation as the
growth could not be emulsified in the usual way. In spite of vigorous shaking,
there was always a tendency for the culture to remain flocullar or in strands,
unmixed with the solution. Many trials were made to obtain a uniform homo-
genous emulsion without success. This disturbing factor was overcome by
the following methods :—
The organism was sown on serum agar as the growth appeared more
abundant and less adherent. After 24 hours incubation, a little quantity