NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
xxi
TABLE X
Showing total strength of Subordinate Veterinary Staff employed during the year 1939-40
Province
1
North-West Frontier Province
Staff
2
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons ..
Veterinary Inspectors ..
Veterinary Assistants ..
Veterinary Assistants ..
Veterinary Stock Assistants ..
Veterinary Stock Assistants
..
Veterinary Compounders
..
Total 1939-40 ..
Total 1938-39
..
Sanctioned
strength
3
17
2
30
1
4
12
57
123
115
Whether
paid from
Provincial
§ Funds
4
Provincial
Do.
..
Do.
..
Central ..
Do.
..
Provincial
Local ..
..
..
Distribution of staff
Veterinary
School or
College
5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Veterinary
Dispen-
saries
6
9
2
30
1
4
12
57
115
109
Foreign
Service
7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
On
other
work
8
8
..
..
..
..
..
..
8
6
Total
9
17
2
30
1
4
12
57
123
115
Remarks
10
TABLE XI
Results of Colleges in the North-West Frontier Province during the year 1939-40.
Nil
xxii
TABLE XII
Statement showing the progress of Cattle Breeding Schemes in the North-West Frontier Province
during the year 1939-40
District or
Agency
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan ..
Hazara ..
Kohat ..
Bannu ..
Dera Ismail Khan
Kurram ..
Malakand ..
Total 1938-39 ..
Total 1939-40 ..
Dhani Cattle Breeding
Subsidy cows
Presented on 1st
April
2
..
9
..
..
..
7
..
..
16
9
Entertained
3
17
12
..
..
..
..
..
..
29
7
Casualties
4
..
1
..
..
..
2
..
..
3
..
Balance on 31st
March
5
17
20
..
..
..
5
..
..
42
16
Stud bulls
Present
on 1st
April
6
75
55
51
36
58
57
11
343
322
Entertained
7
22
28
1
12
6
8
..
..
77
60
Casualties
8
11
31
5
5
5
14
..
2
73
69
Balance on 31st
March
9
86
52
47
43
59
51
..
9
347
343
Coverings during
the year
10
5,186
4,771
3,462
2,499
6,491
3,915
..
457
26,781
26,786
Lahoni Cattla Breeding
Subsidy cows
Present
on 1st
April
11
..
..
..
..
..
..
9
..
9
10
Entertained
12
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
13
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
1
1
Balance on 31st
March
14
..
..
..
..
..
..
8
..
8
9
Stud bulls
Present on 1st
April
15
..
..
..
..
..
..
46
..
46
50
Entertained
16
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
17
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
1
4
Balance on 31st
March
18
..
..
..
..
..
..
45
..
45
46
Coverings during
the year
19
..
..
..
..
..
..
1,753
..
1,753
2,195
xxiii
TABLE XII—continued
Statement showing the progress of Cattle Breeding Schemes in the North-West Frontier Province
during the year 1939-40—continued
District or
Agency
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan ..
Hazara ..
Kohat ..
Bannu ..
Dera Ismail Khan
Kurram ..
Malakand ..
Total 1939-40 ..
Total 1938-39 ..
Montgomery Cattle Breeding
Subsidy cows
Present on 1st
April
20
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Entertained
21
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
22
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance on 31st
March
23
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Stud bulls
Present on
1st
April
24
1
..
..
..
1
..
1
..
3
3
Entertained
25
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
26
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance on 31st
March
27
1
..
..
..
1
..
1
..
3
3
Coverings during
the year
28
28
..
..
..
120
..
35
..
183
257
Dajal Cattle Breeding
Subsidy cows
Present on 1st
April
29
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
1
1
Entertained
30
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
31
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance on 31st
March
32
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
1
1
Present
on 1st
April
33
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
1
1
Stud bulls
Entertained
34
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
35
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance
on 31st
March
36
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
1
1
Coverings during
the year
37
..
..
..
..
..
51
..
..
51
29
xxiv
TABLE XII—concluded
Statement showing the progress of Cattle Breeding Schemes in the North-West Frontier Province
during the year 1939-40—concluded
District or
Agency
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan ..
Hazara ..
Kohat ..
Bannu ..
D. I. Khan ..
Kurram ..
Malakand ..
Total 1939-20 ..
Total 1938-39 ..
Sindhi Cattle Breeding
Subsidy cows
Present on 1st
April
38
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Entertained
39
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
40
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance on 31st
March
41
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Stud bulls
Present on 1st
April
42
..
..
6
6
..
..
..
2
14
18
Entertained
43
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
Casualties
44
..
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
1
..
Balance on 31st
March
45
..
1
6
5
..
..
..
2
14
14
Coverings during
the year
46
..
..
412
245
..
..
..
175
832
818
Buffalo Breeding
Subsidy buffalo
cows
Present on 1st
April
47
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Entertained
48
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Casualties
49
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance on 31st
March
50
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Stud buffalo bulls
Present on 1st
April
51
4
..
1
5
12
5
2
..
29
18
Entertained
52
9
2
2
..
8
..
..
..
21
16
Casualties
53
..
..
..
1
1
..
..
..
2
6
Balance on 31st
March
54
13
2
3
4
19
5
2
..
48
28
Coverings during
the year
55
757
183
132
499
2,130
441
110
..
4,252
2,005
Re ma r
k s
56
XXV
TABLE XII
Statement showing the progress of Sheep, Goats and Poultry Keeping Schemes in the North-West Frontier
Province for the year 1939-40
District or
Agency
1
Peshawar ..
Marden ..
Hazara ..
Kohat ..
Bannu ..
D. I. Khan ..
Kurram ..
Malakand ..
Total 1939-40..
Total 1938-39..
Sheep Breeding
Marino Rams
Present
2
..
..
9
..
..
..
..
..
9
8
Cast
3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
Entertained
4
..
..
6
1
..
..
..
..
7
2
Balance
5
..
..
15
1
..
..
..
..
16
9
Coverings
6
..
..
439
..
..
..
..
..
439
552
Pushtiko Rams
Present
7
5
..
6
..
..
..
..
..
11
17
Cast
8
3
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
5
6
Entertained
9
7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
7
..
Balance
10
9
..
4
..
..
..
..
..
13
11
Coverings
11
363
..
202
..
..
..
..
..
565
420
Hisar dale Rams
Present
12
..
..
4
..
5
..
..
..
9
12
Cast
13
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
2
Entertained
14
..
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
1
..
Balance
15
..
..
3
1
5
..
..
..
9
10
Coverings
16
..
..
83
..
488
..
..
..
571
553
Hisar dale cows
Present
17
..
..
K. E.
43 + 27
..
..
..
..
..
E. K.
43 + 27
E. K.
43 + 27
Cast
18
..
..
K. E.
10+11
..
..
..
..
..
E. K.
10+11
..
Entertained
19
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Balance
20
..
..
K. E.
33+16
..
..
..
..
..
E. K.
33+16
E. K.
43 + 27
xxvi
TABLE XII—concluded
Statement showing the progress of Sheep, Goats and Poultry Keeping Schemes in the North-West Frontier
Province for the year 1939-40
District or
Agency
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan ..
Hazara ..
Kohat ..
Bannu ..
D. I. Khan ..
Kurram ..
Malakand ..
Total 1939-40..
Total 1938-39..
Goat Breeding
Angora goats
Pr es ent
21
..
..
3
..
..
..
..
..
3
3
Cast
22
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
Ent er t
ai ned
23
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Bal ance
24
..
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
2
3
Cove r
i
ngs
25
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Angora goat bucks
Pr es ent
26
..
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
2
2
Cast
27
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
Ent e r
t
a i
ne d
28
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Ba l
a nc e
29
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
1
2
Cove r
i
ngs
30
..
..
19
..
..
..
..
..
19
13
Jamnapuri bucks
Pr es ent
31
2
..
..
5
..
..
..
..
7
8
Cast
32
2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2
1
Ent e r
t
a i
ne d
33
..
..
..
3
..
..
..
..
3
..
Ba l
a nc e
34
..
..
..
8
..
..
..
..
8
7
Cove r
i
ngs
35
..
..
..
215
..
..
..
..
215
382
Country goats
Pr es ent
36
..
..
12
..
..
..
..
..
12
12
Cast
37
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Ent e r
t
a i
ne d
38
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Ba l
a nc e
39
..
..
12
..
..
..
..
..
12
12
Poultry Keeping
W. L. H. cocks
Pr es ent
40
13
12
11
2
9
6
..
..
53
..
Cast
41
8
11
7
2
7
4
..
..
39
..
Ene r
t
a i
ne d
42
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Ba l
a nc e
43
5
1
4
..
2
2
..
..
14
..
xxvii
TABLE XIII
Abstract of particulars regarding Horse Fairs and Shows held in non-selected districts during the year 1939-40
Name of fair
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan
..
Malakand ..
Totat 1939-40..
Total 1938-39 ..
Number of horse fairs and shows
held
2
3
2
1
6
2
Total number of
animals present
Year under report
3
663
1,117
599
2,379
2,182
Previous year
4
..
..
..
..
..
Total number
competing for
prizes
Year under report
5
600
1,106
599
2,035
1,142
Previous year
6
..
..
..
..
..
Total number of
horse stock (not
including branded
marks) present
Belonging to bree-
ders
7
..
..
..
..
..
Belonging to dealers
8
..
..
..
..
..
Number of remounts
purchgsed
For
Remounts
Department
9
..
..
..
..
..
For Native Cavalary
10
..
..
..
..
..
For Police
11
..
..
..
..
..
Total
12
..
..
..
..
..
Price paid for
remonuts
Highest price
13
..
..
..
..
..
Lowest price
14
..
..
..
..
..
Average price
15
..
..
..
..
xxviii
TABLE XIII—concluded
Abstract of particulars regarding Horse Fairs and Shows held in non-selected districts
during the year 1939-40—concluded
Name of fair
1
Peshawar ..
Mardan ..
Malakand ..
Total 1939-40 ..
Total 1938-39 ..
Number of
mules
purchased
By Government
16
..
..
..
..
..
By others
17
..
..
..
..
..
Total
18
..
..
..
..
..
Price paid for
mules by
Gonernment
Highest price
19
..
..
..
..
..
Lowest price
20
..
..
..
..
..
Average price
21
..
..
..
..
..
Total number of animals sold
22
..
..
..
..
..
Prize money provided
From Imperial Funds
23
..
..
..
..
553
From
Provincial
Funds
24
..
300
..
300
..
From Local Funds
25
900
200
435
1,535
..
From other sources
26
..
..
..
..
..
Tatal
27
900
500
435
1,855
553
Amount
actually
awarded
28
855
444
435
1,734
409
Number of medals
awarded
29
..
..
..
..
..
Amount sanctioned by Govern-
ment of India for next year's
fair or show
30
..
..
..
..
..
Ramarks
31
GOVERNMENT
OF THE
NORTH-WEST FRONTIER PROVINCE
REPORT
ON THE
CIVIL VETERINARY - - -
- - - - DEPARTMENT
NORTH-WEST FRONTIER PROVINCE
FOR THE YEAR
1940-41
Printed and published by the Manager,
Government Stationery and Printing,
North-West Frontier Province,
Peshawar
1941
Price—Rs. 2-8-0 or £ 0-3-9
GOVERNMENT
OF THE
NORTH-WEST FRONTIER PROVINCE
REPORT
ON THE
CIVIL VETERINARY - - -
- - - - DEPARTMENT
NORTH-WEST FRONTIER PROVINCE
FOR THE YEAR
1940-41
Printed and published by the Manager,
Government Stationery and Printing,
North-West Frontier Province,
Peshawar
1941
Review by the Government of the North-West Frontier
Province of the Annual Report of the Civil Veterinary
Department for the year 1940-41.
Mr. S. M. Sarwar remained Head of the Veterinary
Department throughout the year under report. The post
of Deputy Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
was revived in order to improve the general administration
thus leaving the Head of the Department more free to tour
and attend to constructive work.
Prompt vaccination prevented any serious spread of
cattle diseases although the number of out-breaks were much
the same as usual. Poultry diseases, however, increased
seriously, possibly owing to the difficulty of diagnosis. In
order to rectify this the Provincial Government in co-
operation with the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research
have appointed a special officer to investigate and recom-
mend measures for control of poultry diseases. Only three
new hospitals were opened during the year as the Govern-
ment continued their policy of improving the existing
hospitals rather than adding to their number. In spite of
this, however, there was an all-round increase in the
number of animals treated and castrations performed.
In cattle breeding attention was chiefly directed to re-
organisation, branding and redistribution in specific areas
of breeding stock most suitable for that locality. In this the
Provincial Government are indebted to Mr. Ware, Animal
Husbandry Commissioner, for the advice given during his
tour.
In conclusion, the Government wish to express their
appreciation of the zeal and energy displayed by
Mr. Sarwar for the reorganisation and improvements carried
out by him and for his concise report.
W. C. LEEPER,
Secretary to Government,
North-West Frontier Province,
Development Departments.
GS&PDeptt-NWFP—2045SDD—140— 8-10-41 — (27)
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT,
NORTH-WEST FRONTIE R PROVINCE
FOR THE YEAR 1940-41
PART I-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
1. Superintendent—
I held charge of the Department throughout the
year 1940-41.
In addition to the inspection of hospitals and other
routine work, the survey work started in the previous year
was continued and much useful information was collect-
ed regarding Livestock conditions in various parts of the
Province and possibilities of future development work.
Almost every part of the Province was visited to main-
tain an intimate contact with the progress of the De-
partment.
Every opportunity was availed of to discuss various
problems with the zamindars of the different areas to be
in touch with the ideas of the zamindars who have to
ultimately work and derive benefit from all the develop-
ment work of the department. During the year 199
days were spent on tour involving 7,199 miles journey
by rail and 6,113 miles journey by road.
Livestock development work was given very
special attention and almost every stud animal was
examined for its suitability for stud purposes both from
confirmation and breed points.
All cattle shows in the Province were attended to
study the progress of the Cattle Breeding Scheme and
to further encourage the progress by delivering lectures
to the cattle breeders on various aspects of Livestock
industry. All India Cattle Show held at Delhi on 17th
to 22nd February 1941 was attended where I acted as a
judge for Lohani cattle and Kundi buffaloes and also
acted as a judge for the Student judging Competition.
Government Cattle Farm, Hissar was visited for
selection and purchase of Donkey Stallions, goat bucks
and Hissardale rams to be used for stud purposes in the
Province.
2
Dhanni Cattle Breeding tract was visited for pur-
chase of stud bulls.
A very widespread and severe outbreak of Rinder-
pest was promptly and effectively controlled in the
Swat State by drafting control measures on the spot
and supervising the Goat Virus Inoculation work in the
field and supply of the vaccine from the Laboratory.
During the year under report the Local Govern-
ment was pleased to declare the Superintendent as head
of the Department. This step though very much wel-
comed still further increased the responsibilities of the
post. Inspite of increase in the already heavy responsi-
bilities I managed to discharge the duties of the Officer
Incharge Provincial Veterinary Laboratory though at
considerable personal inconvenience. As in the previous
year large number of major surgical operations were
performed wherever such cases were brought to notice.
Peshawar Veterinary Hospital was visited at frequent
intervals for professional advice to the staff and for the
performance of major surgical operations requiring
special surgical skill.
I acted as an examiner in the subjects of Materia
Medica and Obstetrics at the Biannual Examination of
the Punjab Veterinary College, Lahore.
All meetings of the Imperial Council or Agricultural
Research were attended. The Karaku Pelt Production
Scheme was passed by the Imperial Council of Agricul-
tural Research for commencement on 1st April 1941.
F. Ware, Esquire, Animal Husbandary Commissioner
with the Government of India paid a visit to this
Province. He toured in the Mardan, Peshawar and
Hazara Districts to see the livestock development work
in the Province. As a result of his study of the work
in hand he rendered very valuable advise regarding
further lines of work. He also inspected the Agricul-
tural Farm, Haripur at the request of the Local Govern-
ment to advice regarding the possibilities of converting
that farm into a Livestock Research Station. The area
of the farm was considered insufficient for the purpose
and new site at village Togh, Kohat District was there-
fore handed over to the Department by the Local Gov-
ernment for starting a Livestock Research Station.
3
The Local Government was pleased to revive the
post of Deputy Superintendent of Civil Veterinary
Department from 1st April 1941.
2. District Veterinary offices -
The District Veterinary Offices at Headqu arters
remained in the charge of experienced veterinarians.
They were of great help to the Central Office and the
officals incharge worked hard to carry out the duties
imposed upon them. They laboured hard to attend
the outbreak reports in the districts. The Local Gov-
ernment very kindly sanctioned appointment of Chap-
rasis for the district incharges to facilitate their touring
work.
3. Subordinate establishment
The following table shows the strength of subordi-
nate staff during the year 1939-40 and 1940-41 :—
Serial
No.
1
1
3
4
5
Subordinate staff
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons
Veterinary Inspectors
Veterinary Assistants
Stock Assisants
Veterinary Compounders
Number
in 1939-40
17
2
31
16
57
Number
in 1940-41
17
2
31
16
58
The qualified staff still falls so short of the minimum
requirements of the Department that it is becoming
increasingly difficult to run the Department without
causing great hardship to the staff. There are 76
hospitals in the Province and only 50 veterinary
Assistant Surgeons and Veterinary Assistants are
employed, The remaining Hospitals for the present
are being run by trained compounders under the
close supervision of the nearest Veterinarian and the
officer incharge district.
4. Provincial Veterinary Laboratory—
The Provincial Veterinary Laboratory remained
under my charge during the year under report. Inspite
of my heavy normal charge it is gratifying to record
4
that the laboratory functioned better than ever before
and met all the requirements of the district staff ade-
quately and promptly.
Purchase and supply of Sera and Vaccine was so
arranged that the supply was prompt and yet there was
no wastage. The laboratory attended to the require-
ments of 267 outbreaks of various contagious diseases.
507 blood smears and 46 faeces specimens were exa-
mined and reported upon.
All possible facilities were provided to the Veteri-
nary Investigation Officer and his laboratory require-
ments were net promptly. 86,900 doses of Goat Tissue
Virus Vaccine were prepared in the laboratary during
the year and 75,700 were supplied in viable condition
to the district staff for inoculation work.
Experiments were conducted in the use of a spe-
cially designed instrument for inoculating animals with
Goat Tissu Virus Vaccine but few modifications were
indicated.
In view of the urgent neccessity of having a proper
laboratory building the Local Government was pleased
to acquire a suitable plot of land for the purpose.
In the ensuing year funds will probably be provided
for the construction of an uptodate laboratory build-
ing.
5. Investigation—
Veterinary Investigation work continued satisfac-
torily during the year under report. Some of the im-
portant items of investigation were :—
1. Goat Tissue Virus
Vaccination.—Veterinary
Investigation Officer carried out small scale experiment
on the effect of Goat Tissue Virus on hill cattle.
His
observations
are that
the hill cattle
react
more severely to Goat Tissu Virus than plains cattle.
Inspite of the fact that no death occurred during the
operation, the whole-scale immunisation of hill cattle
by Goat Tissue Virus alone method cannot be advocated
unless more work is done.
Sheep and Goat-pox.—The vaccine manufactured
by Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar,
was again tried on lambs, but it failed to produce
re-action.
5
Parasitic Broncho Pneumonia.
Reports alleged to
be that of Pleuro-pneumonia were each time confirmed
as those of Parasitic pneumonia.
Owners were advised
to dose sheep and goats regularly with Copper
Sulphate.
Pleura Pneumonia in Goats.- Considerable field
study was made regarding the symptomology and
etiology of the so called pleuro pneumonia in goats.
No definite results were however obtained and the
work is to be continued under directions of the
Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar.
Liver fluke in cattle, sheep and goats.—Existence of
Liver Fluke infection (Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola
gigantica) in the Malakand Agency and Lundkhawar
area of Mardan District was established.
Snails collected from Malakand Agency were
confirmed by Imperial Veterinary Research Institute,
Mukteswar as Vivipera bengalensia and limnae sp
PART II—ANIMAL DISEASES.
SESCTION A—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES AND PREVENTIVE
INOCULATIONS. (TABLES I AND II).
(a) Equine Diseases—
Mortality.—158 seizures with 14 deaths were
recorded against 65 seizures and 30 deaths of the last
year. The percentage of fatal cases thus fell from
45 per cent to 9 per cent. during the year under report.
Other equine diseases were responsible for 53,087 seizures
with 274 deaths as compared with 41,608 seizures with
350 deaths of the previous year. The fall in the fatally
terminated cases was considerable.
1. Glanders .—No case of Glanders was recorded
during the year under report.
2. Surra.—A severe outbreak of Surra was detect-
ed at Tank. Out of 26 horses of Nawab of Tank 24
were found positive on microscopic examination. These
were successfully treated with Naganol. The in-contact
horses were given prophylactic injection of Naganol.
To determine the 'carriers daily blood films of about 50
cattle and buffaloes and 6 camels was carried out for a
week with negative results.
6
Only 2 other cases of Surra were recorded 1 from
Kohat and 1 from Dargai which were also successfully
treated.
Anthrax—No case of Equine Anthrax was recorded
during the year.
(b) Bovine Diseases
Mortality—11,271 seizures with 830 deaths were
recorded against 14,348 seizures with 2,043 deaths of
the previous year. Other Bovine diseases were res-
ponsible for 142,967 seizures and 663 deaths as com-
pared with 98,989 seizures and 770 deaths of the
last year.
1. Rinderpest.—This disease was responsible for
126 deaths out of 267 seizures as against 648 deaths
out of 1,319 seizures in the previous year. There was
remarkable decline in the number of outbreaks during
the year under report. Only 25 outbreaks of the disease
occurred as against 110 of 1938-39 and 76 of 1939-40.
The number of animals inoculated against Rinderpest
was 45,292 as compared with 67,182 of the last year.
139 animals were reported to have died of the disease
subsequeut to Goat Tissue Virus inoculation. Presum-
ably majority of these animals were inoculated either
in the clinical or incubative stage of the disease.
This marked fall in the number of outbreaks gave ample
proof of the remarkable success achieved with the
proper use of the Goat Tissue Virus Vaccine, as pro-
phylactic agent in the absence and also in the presence
of natural infection. All outbreaks were controlled by
the use of Goat Tissue Virus Vaccine alone. In experi-
mental work in hilly tracts Anti-Rinderpest Serum was
administered to animals reacting severely to the vaccine.
Large scale use of Goat Tissue Virus Vaccine in all
plains cattle and buffaloes clearly proved the safety
of the method of control but some doubt was felt
about the percentage of risk involved to hill cattle
of the Province. The Veterinary Investigation Officer
was directed to conduct small scale controlled experi-
ments to determine the degree of risk involved in the
use of Goat Tissue Virus alone in hill cattle and
buffaloes and to study the possibilities of reducing
such risk by the use of Anti-Rinderpest Serum. The