NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Reason for delay in submitting the Report ... ... ...
Vaccine Establishment ... ... ... ... ...
General operations ... ... ... ... ...
Total number of operations both in Khalsa and Feudatory States... ...
Primary vaccination ... ... ... ... ...
Re-vaccination
...
...
...
...
...
Percentage of success in primary vaccination ... ... ...
Persons successfully vaccinated per 1,000 of population ... ...
Total operations in the Khalsa ... ... ...
Successful primary operations on infants ... ... ...
Percentage of success as claimed by Vaccinators and as verified by Civil Sur-
geons and Native Superintendents ... ... ... ... ... ...
Operations performed by each Vaccinator... ... ... ... ...
Increase or decrease in operations in different districts ... ...
Children under one year of age available for vaccination ... ...
General remarks on re-vaccination ... ... ... ...
Re-vaccination in the Khalsa ... ... ... ...
Total number of operations in Feudatory States and the success claimed by
Vaccinators ... ... ... ... ...
Annual mortality from small-pox for seven years and the annual proportion of
persons protected by vaccination
... ... ... ... ...
Expenditure on vaccination ... ... ... ... ...
Operations performed by Hospital Assistants ... ... ...
Number of persons primarily vaccinated and the number successfully vac-
cinated since 1867 ... ... ... ... ...
Sources of lymph ... ... ... ...
Inspection of operations
...
...
...
...
Inspection Table ... ... ... ...
Municipalities in which the Vaccination Act is in force ... ...
Death-rate from small-pox per 10,000 of population during 1898-99, compared
with the proportion of population protected by vaccination during the
seven years 1892—99 ... ... ... ...
PARAS.
1
2
3&4
5 &6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13 & 14
15
16
17
18 & 19
20
21,22 & 23
24
25,26 & 27
28
29
30&3I
32,33 & 34
35
36
37
No. 6732.
Extract from the Proceedings of the Chief Commissioner, Central Provinces,
in the General Department, dated Nagpur, the 31st August 1899.
READ—
The Triennial Report of Vaccination Operations in the Central Provinces for the season
1898-99, by the Sanitary Commissioner.
READ ALSO—
The District Reports.
RESOLUTION.
The report though due in the Secretariat on the 10th June was not received
till the 24th instant. The delay was partly due to the fact that certain
information required from Feudatory States was not received till the 7th July
last.
2. During the period under review the number of Native Superintendents
was increased by one in the Feudatory States ; and seventeen vaccinators were
added to the staff employed during the year 1895-96—three in the khalsa, and
fourteen in the Feudatory States.
3. The number of operations performed during the three years in the
Khalsa and Feudatory States was as follows:—
1896-97
...
...
...
1897-98 ... ... ...
1898-99 ... ... ...
Khalsa.
340,834
318,519
358,902
Feudatory
States.
72,975
80,180
90,348
This gives an average for the period of:—
Khalsa.
339,418
Feudatory States.
81,167
The average for the previous three years was :—
Khalsa.
397,381
Feudatory States.
74,051
Considering the whole period under review, the results in the Khalsa are
not primâ facie so satisfactory as in the previous triennial period; but comparing
the figures for 1898-99 with those for 1897-98 there has been considerable
improvement, particularly in the number of re-vaccinations. It must however
be remembered that two of the three years were years of scarcity and famine,
when the birth rate was abnormally low and infant mortality excessively high,
while during the actual period of famine it was inevitable that the operations
should be restricted.
2
4 As regards the Feudatory States there has been a marked improvement
generally; though in 1898-99 there was a decline in the number of secondary
operations. With reference to the remark of the Sanitary Commissioner in
paragraphs 4 and 19 of the Report that primary vaccination is of more import-
ance than re-vaccination, the Chief Commissioner would call attention to a
consideration which is not without weight when an ignorant population is being
dealt with. It is that cases of small-pox attacking a vaccinated person diminish
confidence in vaccination and discourage people from submitting their children to
it.
5. The number of children under one year of age vaccinated in the year
1898-99, as compared with the number shown as available, was as follows:—
Vaccinated.
200,587
Available.
309,682
It is impossible to compare these figures with those for the year 1897-98,
as the latter exclude Zamindari vaccinations while the former do not. The
want of success in effecting vaccination was common to all the districts except
Narsinghpur, Nimar, and Chhindwara, where the results are slightly better,
though even in those districts they are not good.
6. During the famine and the year of scarcity which preceded it, most Civil
Surgeons were not able to pay much attention to vaccination. But in the last year
also of the period under review, the amount of inspection work done by Civil
Surgeons varied considerably. In Mandla, Wardha, Chanda, and Raipur,
extremely little supervision work was done; and in Jubbulpore, Chhindwara,
Bhandara, and Bilaspur the amount of check exercised over the operations
appears to have been inadequate.
7. The cost of vaccination operations during the triennial period was slightly
greater than in the previous three years. The average cost of a successful opera-
tion was:—
1896-97
...
...
...
1897-98 ... ... ...
1898-99 ... ... ...
Rs.
0
0
0
a.
2
2
1
p
0
0
11 9/10
The district figures vary from Re. 0-4-7 in Damoh to Re. 0-1-5 in Seoni.
8. The proportion of persons successfully vaccinated per 1,000 of the
population during the period was:—
1896-97 ... ... ...
1897-98 ... ... ...
1898-99
...
...
...
29.54
27.12
30.38
Compared with the figures of the previous period these are not satisfactory,
though the results in 1898-99 are better than those of the previous year. The
worst results are shown in Damoh (where the percentage in 1898-99 was 16.80),
Chanda and Bilaspur.
9. The Municipalities of Sehora, Murwara, Mandla, and Seoni were brought
under the Act during the period under review. In 29 out of the 52 Municipalities
of the province, vaccination is now compulsory, the only important exceptions being
Jubbulpore and Hoshangabad.
10. The number of successful vaccinations performed under municipal
management were:—
1897... ...
1898... ...
1899... ...
18,296
18,070
15,904
3
ORDER.—Ordered, that a copy of this Resolution be submitted to the Govern-
ment of India in the Home Department, and that a copy be forwarded to the
Sanitary Commissioner, Central Provinces, for information and guidance; also
that it be published in the Supplement to the Central Provinces Gazette.
[True Extract.]
M. W. FOX-STRANGWAYS,
Chief Secretary to the Chief Commissioner,
Central Provinces.
Secretariat Press, Nagpur:— T. P. R., 5-9-99—200.
TRIENNIAL REPORT
ON
VACCINATION
IN THE
CENTRAL PROVINCES
FOR THE YEAR
1898-99.
Reason for delay in sub-
mitting the Report.
IN forwarding the following Report, I have the honour to state that the delay
in its preparation and submission has been due to the fact
that the information, required from the Feudatory States,
was not received complete until the 7th July 1899, not-
withstanding repeated reminders on the point by letter and telegram.
I would also add that, in dealing with the matter in hand, I labour under
the disadvantage of having no personal knowledge of the subject, as regards the
Central Provinces, having assumed charge of this office only a few weeks ago,
and therefore, not having been present during any portion of the period under
review.
2. From the following Statement it will be seen that
Vaccination Establishment. the Establishment remains the same as that of the preced-
ing year:—
Vaccination Establishment.
2. From the following Statement it will be seen that
the Establishment remains the same as that of the preced-
ing year:—
Years.
1896-97 ... ... ... ...
1897-98 ... ... ... ...
1898-99 ... ... ... ...
NATIVE SUPERINTENDENTS.
Khalsa.
25
25
25
Feudatory
States.
3
3
3
Total.
28
28
28
VACCINATORS.
Khalsa.
209
212
212
Feudatory
States.
51
62
62
Total.
260
274
274
General operations.
3. In the following table are given the numbers of vaccine operations
performed throughout the Provinces, in the last three years,
by both Vaccinators and Hospital Assistants, from which
it will be seen that there has been a considerable improvement as compared with
1897-98, although the figures have not yet reached the standard of the ante-
famine period :—
By Provincial Vaccine Department :—
Primary
...
...
...
...
Re-vaccination ... ... ... ...
Total ...
By Feudatory States Vaccine Department:—
Primary
...
...
...
...
Re-vaccination ... ... ... ...
Total ...
Total Vaccine Department ...
1896-97.
294,101
33,356
327,457
58,693
10,886
69,579
397,036
1897-98.
268,271
38,402
306,673
65,622
12,181
77,803
384,476
1898-99.
294,289
52,274
346,563
76,743
11,868
88,611
435,174
Difference of
operations
between 1897-98
and 1898-99.
+26,018
+13,872
+39,890
+11,121
—313
+10,808
+50,698
3
Persons successfully vacci-
nated per 1,000 of population.
10. The number of persons successfully vaccinated, per 1,000 of population,
was 31.70 against 28.39 for the preceding year. The
protection against small-pox thus represented, taking into
consideration the difference between the present actual
and nominal population, is probably not less than that for 1895-96 when the
figure was 34.83.
Total operations in the
Khalsa.
11 Excluding the returns from Native States, the entire number of
primary operations was 294,289, being 26,018 above that
of 1897-98, while the re-vaccinations show rise of 13,872,
the total increase being 39,890.
Successful primary opera-
tions on infants.
12. The successful primary operations performed on
infants under one year of age during the last five years
are shown as follows :—
1894-95 ... ... ... ... ...
1895-96 ... ... ... ... ...
1896-97 ... ... ... ... ...
1897-98 ... ... ... ... ...
1898-99 ... ... ... ... ...
231,097
209,317
202,750
162,141
200,587
The results are favourable for the year under review, and approach those of
the pre-famine period.
Percentage of success as
claimed by Vaccinators and
as verified by Civil Surgeons
and Native Superintendents
of Vaccination.
13. From the following table it appears that the
success claimed by Vaccinators is practically the same as
in the preceding two years, although that verified by Civil
Surgeons and Superintendents is slightly lower, probably
due to the fact of a higher standard being required by the
latter:—
Years.
1896-97 ... ... ... ... ... ...
1897-98 ... ... ... ... ... ...
1898-99 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Claimed by
Vaccinators.
96.00
96.73
96.82
As seen
by Civil
Surgeons.
91.70
92.52
89.02
As seen by
Native Super-
intendents.
92.78
93.26
91.56
14. In the Secretariat Resolution, attached to the Note on Vaccination
for 1897-98, the Chief Commissioner notices the low percentage of success
(55.88) returned for the Chhindwara district as checked by the Civil Sur-
geon. During the past year the district has extricated itself from this unenviable
notoriety, the figure given being 81.97, while Betul has occupied the minimum
position with a percentage of 63.29; Mandla also shows an improvement from
69.68 to 73.25.
Operations performed by
each Vaccinator.
15. Each vaccinator performed on an average 1,635 operations, being an
increase of 204 over the number for the preceding year, and
of 78 for 1896-97—a satisfactory improvement. The work
done by individuals varied from 984 in the Damoh district
to 2,867 in that of Betul, the percentage of success in the latter being, however,
the lowest in the Khalsa, as already noted in para. 13.
Increase or decrease in
operations in different dis-
tricts.
16. From the following table it will be seen that there was a falling off in
the number of primary vaccinations only in four districts in
the period under review, a marked contrast to the compari-
son of 1897-98 with 1896-97. The districts which show a
decrease are Saugor—198, Narsinghpur—421, Wardha—388
and Chanda—3,050. No explanation of the matter has been offered by the two
4
first Medical Officers concerned. The Civil Medical Officer of Wardha attributes
the decrease to there having been 4,863 births less in 1898 than in 1897, and to
rumours having been circulated that Vaccinators were mixing plague serum with
their vaccine lymph. The Civil Surgeon of Chanda states "very considerable
" difficulty was experienced in carrying out vaccination this season. Report after
" report with long lists of names came from the Vaccinators of parents who had
" refused to have their children vaccinated. The reports were far more frequent
" than in previous years. Dread of plague inoculation may have had something
" to do with it; but as the better class people were the chief offenders, it is more
" than likely that this was merely given as an excuse for evading vaccination which
" is by no means popular. It is strongly recommended that vaccination be made
"compulsory. In each case of refusal the Tahsildar was appealed to, usually with
" satisfactory result. In the village of Marora, near Mul, the Vaccinators were
" treated in a very threatening manner. " In the passage above quoted the state-
ment that " in each case of refusal the Tahsildar was appealed to, usually with
satisfactory result," appears to me rather inconsistent with the fact of the large
minus figure—3,050. In their reports, several other Medical Officers mention
active opposition or passive obstruction to vaccination, but in these instances the
difficulties seem to have been surmounted.
Districts.
Saugor
...
...
Damoh ... ...
Jubbulpore
...
...
Narsinghpur ... ...
Hoshangabad ... ...
Nimar ... ...
Mandla ... ...
Betul ... ...
Chhindwara ...
Seoni
...
...
Balaghat
...
...
Bhandara ... ...
Nagpur ... ...
Wardha
...
...
Chanda
...
...
Raipur ... ...
Bilaspur ... ...
Sambalpur
...
...
DIFFERENCE IN PRIMARY VACCINATION.
1896-97.
+1,732
—967
—4,170
—1,606
—715
+832
— 3,897
+364
—1,976
—2,615
— 5,593
—2,405
+1,452
+786
+4,707
+156
— 5,203
+57
1897-98.
+3
—263
— 3,477
+ 1,593
—1,812
+665
—2,064
— 3,232
+456
+1,244
+7,150
—5,271
—2,338
+2,259
+1,266
—5,806
—13,957
— 2,246
1898-99.
—198
+ 1,939
+ 1,501
—421
+ 1,764
+872
+1,470
+ 1,949
+801
+2,856
+1,555
+3,492
+1,089
—388
—3,050
+4,055
+6,144
+588
Remarks.
Including
Zamindari
vaccinations.
Children under one year
of age available for vaccina-
tion.
17. The following table shows the total number of children under one year
of age, available for vaccination, in each district, and the
number of successful operations performed on them during
1898-99. How far the figures are reliable I cannot say, but
the fact that in some former reports the numbers shown as
vaccinated exceeded those of the children on the lists would seem to throw doubt
on the point. Of course such a discrepancy might partly be explained by a
certain number of children, under one year of age, being counted in the vaccination
lists, whose births were not included in the registers for that year. For instance
a child born in February 1898 and vaccinated in October would not be counted
among the births for 1898-99, although included in the operations, the birth-register,
for vaccination purposes, being taken from 1st April.
7
27. In the Feudatory States the total cost was Rs.6,757-13-7, a decrease of
Rs.27-13-0 which does not seem to call for special notice.
The average cost of each successful case was Re.0-1-3 5/7, a decrease of 1 13/21 pies.
TABLE IV.
Provincial
Feudatory
States.
Total ...
1896-97.
Pay of estab-
lishment.
Rs.
35,036
5,891
40,928
a.
12
14
11
p.
10
5
3
Travelling
allowance.
Rs.
3,744
115
3,860
a.
11
8
3
p.
0
0
0
Contingen-
cies.
Rs.
1,753
164
1,917
a.
9
1
0
p.
0
6
6
Total.
Rs.
40,535
6,171
46,706
a.
0
7
8
p.
10
11
9
1897-98.
Pay of estab-
lishment.
Rs.
35,200
6,429
41,630
a,
4
12
1
p.
6
9
3
Travelling
allowance.
Rs.
3,196
204
3,401
a.
12
6
2
p
9
0
9
Contingen-
cies.
Rs.
965
151
1,116
a.
4
7
12
p
5
10
3
Total.
Rs.
39,362
6,785
46,148
a.
5
10
0
p.
8
7
3
1898-99.
Pay of estab-
lishment.
Rs.
38,091
6,471
44,563
a.
8
7
0
p.
4
10
2
Travelling
allowance.
Rs.
4,178
150
4,329
a.
5
12
1
p
6
0
6
Contingen-
cies.
Rs.
1,899
135
2,034
a.
1
9
11
p
9
9
6
Total.
Rs.
44,168
6,757
50,926
a.
15
13
13
p.
7
7
2
1896-97.
Average
cost of
each
success-
ful case.
Rs.
0
0
0
a.
2
1
2
p
1 2/5
5 1/3
0
1897-98.
Average
cost of
each
success-
ful case
Rs.
0
0
0
a.
2
1
2
p
1¾
5 1/3
0
1898-99.
Average
cost of
each
success-
ful case.
Rs.
0
0
0
a.
2
1
1
p.
2
3 5/7
11 9/10
8
STATEMENT III.
Operations performed by
Hospital Assistants.
28. There were 14,076 Dispensary vaccinations (including re-vaccination)
in the Khalsa and Feudatory States, of which 12,339 were
performed in the former and 1,737 in the latter, showing
an increase of 493 and decrease of 640 respectively. The
falling off in the Bastar State is attributed to the fact of the Hospital Assistants
having neglected this part of their duties, and it is stated that on these grounds
the services of four of them were dispensed with. No explanation has been
offered from the other States. No operations were performed at the Branch
Dispensary of Lakhnadon in the Seoni district, the reason given by the Civil
Medical Officer being that the Hospital Assistant had been put in additional
charge of the Poor-house, and on this account had been relieved of vaccination
duties. The vaccine operations performed by each Hospital Assistant in
1896-97, 1897-98 and 1898-99 are shown in the following table :—
TABLE V.
District.
SAUGOR...
DAMOH ...
JUBBUL-
PORE.
NARSINGH-
PUR.
HOSHANGA-
BAD.
Name of Dispensary.
Saugor city ...
Deori ... ...
Rehh ... ...
Garhakota ... ...
Khurai ... ...
Shahgarh ... ...
Banda ... ...
Damoh ... ...
Hatta ... ...
Pathuna ... ...
Jabera ... ...
Jail and Police ...
Murwara ... ...
Sihora
...
...
Bijeragogarh
...
Central Jail ...
Civil Station ...
Lunatic Asylum ...
Patan ... ...
Narsinghpur ... ...
Gadarwara ... ...
Chhindwara ...
Jail ... ...
Harda
...
...
Hoshangabad ...
Seoni
...
...
Sohagpur ... ...
Pachmarhi
...
...
Kothi Bazar
...
Makrai ... ...
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1896-97.
...
104
127
242
166
...
...
...
82
97
66
49
...
52
22
58
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
235
247
100
...
130
Total.
639
294
132
...
...
...
...
712
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1897-98.
6
119
93
206
117
59
78
52
92
118
51
33
...
91
50
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
355
201
101
...
187
Total
678
646
141
...
...
...
...
844
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1898-99.
...
129
95
224
147
287
155
95
107
161
87
74
...
43
24
...
...
...
57
34
28
44
45
...
...
260
192
57
...
133
Total
1,040
524
124
151
642
9
TABLE V.—(Contd.)
District.
NIMAR
...
MANDLA...
BETUL ...
CHHIND-
WARA.
SEONI ...
BALAGHAT
BHANDARA
NAGPUR ...
WARDHA
CHANDA ...
Name of Dispensary.
Pandhana ... ...
Asirgarh
...
...
Mandhatta ... ...
Mandla Main ...
Dindori
... ...
Shahpura ... ...
Jail and Police
...
Badnur Main ...
Multai ... ...
Betul Branch
...
Jail and Police ...
Chhindwara ...
Lodhikhera ...
Lakhnadon ...
Balaghat Main ...
Waraseoni ...
Katangi
...
...
Behir ... ...
Tirora ... ...
Sakoli ... ...
Pauni
...
...
Gondia ... ...
Tumsar ... ...
Khapa ... ...
Mowar
...
...
Katol ... ...
Ramtek ... ...
Umrer
...
...
Wardha ... ...
Hinganghat
...
Arvi ... ...
Deoli ... ...
Sindi ... ...
Armori ... ...
Mul
...
...
Brahmapuri ...
Sironcha ... ...
Allapilly ... ...
Chimur ... ...
Venkatapur ...
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1896-97.
130
35
41
76
157
...
35
108
116
35
(a)809
489
723
96
156
184
132
29
185
123
303
77
222
256
145
261
180
676
324
240
262
310
200
98
199
241
142
37
180
...
Total.
206
268
1,068
1,212
96
501
910
1,518
1,336
897
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1897-98.
103
43
23
72
...
...
34
107
126
131
(a) 66
...
481
...
164
109
137
70
125
96
299
143
204
193
152
223
156
247
93
245
256
222
223
172
228
137
46
8
180
...
Total.
169
106
430
...
481
...
480
867
971
1,039
771
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1898-99.
87
29
40
82
87
58
111
181
130
80
319
...
544
...
168
231
161
53
176
113
250
241
219
230
212
226
171
339
...
39
260
107
92
77
231
147
89
14
64
...
Total.
156
338
710
544
...
613
999
1,178
498
622
(a) Including Famine Camp operations.
10
TABLE V.—(Concld.)
District.
RAIPUR...
BILASPUR
SAMBAL-
PUR.
Name of Dispensary.
Drug ... ...
Dhamtari
...
...
Baloda
...
...
Arung ... ...
Simga ... ...
Central Jail ...
Jagdalpur ... ...
Kondegaon
...
...
Nandgaon
...
...
Kanker ... ...
Dongargarh ...
Antagarh ... ...
Konta ... ...
Bhopalpattam ...
Khairagarh ...
Paragaon (Bindranava-
garh).
Famine Camp operations
Bilaspur ... ...
Mungeli
...
...
Janjgir ... ...
Sakti ... ...
Kawardha ... ...
Pendra ... ...
Pandaria ... ...
Sambalpur
...
...
Bargarh ... ...
Jail ... ...
Bamra
...
...
Padampur
...
...
Sarangarh
...
...
Junagarh ... ...
Raigarh ... ...
Bhowanipatna
...
Sonepur ... ...
Borasambar
...
Phuljhar ... ...
Rampur (Rerakhole) ...
Rampur (Thuamal) ...
Chanderpur ...
GRAND TOTAL ...
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1896-97.
469
590
135
402
335
417
105
50
223
255
94
...
...
...
...
70
184
...
70
130
211
147
180
150
...
672
244
...
308
309
5
323
26
...
431
315
53
81
...
...
Total.
3,329
888
2,767
16,793
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1897-98.
416
614
68
299
161
144
75
40
245
277
110
16
7
192
...
152
201
120
51
157
157
107
52
84
718
441
83
...
400
264
15
228
53
354
270
...
...
63
266
...
Total.
3,017
728
3,155
14,223
Number
of
vaccinations
at each
Dispensary
in
1898-99.
241
602
118
314
160
447
82
...
276
154
131
35
...
...
...
207
...
57
113
251
213
127
116
83
331
430
...
...
397
261
8
162
84
...
...
175
71
...
191
...
Total.
2,767
960
2,210
14,076