NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
Burma.
M E D I C A L D E P A R T M E N T — N o . 0 6 4 6 6 — 1 R . - 7 .F
R O M
LIEUT.-COL. J. ENTRICAN, M.A., M.D., D.P.H., I.M.S.,
Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Burma,
To
THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF BURMA.
Dated Rangoon, the 31st May 1920 .
SIR ,
I have the honour to submit the report of the Burma Government
Medical School for the year ending 31st March 1920.
Year by year there has been a steady increase in the number of students
joining the school, which gives promise of soon being in a position to supply the
needs of this Province in the Sub-Assistant Surgeon class. This is fortunate, as
we can no longer get men trained in the Indian Medical Colleges and shall have
to rely on Rangoon alone for all future requirements.
The popularity of the school amongst Burmans appears to be slowly
increasing, but the career of a Sub-Assistant Surgeon evidently makes no strong
a p p e a l t o t h e m. Ou t o f 1 6 s t u d e n t s ( i n c l u d i n g t wo f e ma l e s ) wh o p a s s e d o u t
during the year, only 8 were Burmans. Of the remainder, 4 were Indians, 3
Anglo-Indians and 1 Chinese. Of the total number of students attending, 90 were
Burmans and 75 other nationality.
The standard of education is slowly improving, practically all students entering
the school have passed either the Matriculation Examination or the High School
Final Standard. It is hoped that eventually, the Matriculation Examination will
be compulsory for all. A thorough knowledge of English is an essential preli
- m i n a r y t o t h e s t u d y o f W e s t e r n M e d i c i n e .
There is a general consensus of opinion amongst officers whom I have
consulted that the school is not in a satisfactory state, that there has been a
falling off both in the work and conduct of the students in comparison with former
years. Part of this, no doubt, has been due to the shortage of the superior staff,
but the chief reason appears to be that the school has outgrown its staff and
students cannot get the individual attention they formerly received. This is
particularly so as regards clinical teaching and pathology. I have also gone
through many of the answers given by students in the recent examinations, and
they leave a good deal of doubt as to whether the student really understood his
own answer. All this points to the necessity of strengthening the present teaching
staff and the question is being considered. Sooner or later a whole-time Indian
Medical Service Officer will be required as Superintendent. No Civil Surgeon
with his multifarious duties can give the time and attention which this very
i m p o r t a n t I n s t i t u t i o n r e q u i r e s . T h e p a s t y e a r h a s b e e n a v e r y a b n o r m a l o n e a n d
it is to be hoped that such frequent changes in the staff of the school will not
again be repeated.
I have the honour to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient servant,
J. ENTRICAN, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.,
LIEUT.-COL., I.M.S.,
I n s p e c t o r - G e n e r a l o f C i v i l H o s p i t a l s , B u r m a .
ANNUAL REPORT
ON THE WORKING OF THE
BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL, RANGOON
FOR THE YEAR 1919-20.
1
. Number of Students.— The year began with 125 students on the roll as
against 107 last year, namely:—
C l a s s .
Public.
Private.
Mg. Ohn
Ghine
Scholar.
Total.
Remarks.
First year . . .
25
13
1
39
. . .
Second year . . .
25
1 9
. . .
44
. . .
Third year . . .
3
. . .
. . .
3
Remanded.
Fourth year . . .
16
6
. . .
92
New batch.
16
6
. . .
17
Old batch.
T o t a l . . .
85
39
1
125
2 . Examinations and Results.— (a ) The Primary, Intermediate and Final
Examinations of the Burma Medical Examination Board were held in April and
October 1919, and the results were as follows:—
Primary Examination.— In April 1919, 37 out of 39 first year students
appeared and 30 passed. Of the 7 failures (3 public and 4 private) public
student Maung Ohn and private student S. C. Baruya were allowed to leave the
School. A successful private student G. Manickam was transferred as public
student vice Maung Ohn. Two private students, B. C. De and R. C. Bhatta
- c h a r i y a , w e r e n o t s e n t u p f o r t h i s e x a m i n a t i o n , a s t h e f o r m e r w a s s h o r t o f m e e t i n g s
and the latter absent. Bhattachariya was subsequently removed for absence
without leave.
In October 1919, 5 students (2 public and 3 private), who failed in April,
went up for the Primary Examination together with private student B. C. De,
when two private students, A. C. Sen and H. C. D. Pal, failed and were removed.
Intermediate Exainination.— In April 1919, 43 out of 44 second year
students appeared and 36 passed. Private student Ngwe Hlaing was not sent
up as he was short of meetings. Of the 7 failures, Miss A. J. Boog, private
student, left the School.
In October 1919, 6 students (4 public and 2 private), who failed in April,
with Ngwe Hlaing, went up for the Intermediate Examination, when 2 public
students, Maung Kywe and Abdul Subhan, failed; the former was removed and
the latter remanded for 6 months without scholarship. The stipend of Maung
Kywe was given to private student Ba Shin (1), who passed the Intermediate
Examination in April 1919.
Final Examination.— In April 1919, 17 old fourth year students sat for the
Final Examination and 13 passed. The 4 failures were re-examined in October
1919, when 3 passed.
(b ) The School Annual Examination of the Third Year Class was held at
the end of March 1920 , when 39 students appeared and 34 passed. The failures
were put back for three months.
3. Admissions.— When the new session commenced in July 1919, 25 public
and 15 private students were admitted, but public student Ba Naung and private
student Mahomed Buksh left the School after a few days. Private student
G. S. John then became public student in place of Ba Naung. All the newly
REPORT ON THE WORKING OF THE BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL, RANGOON, FOR 1919-20.
up to the end of the year, except from 3rd November to 8th December 1919,
when Sub-Assistant Surgeon B. D. Kaing, was employed.
Lieutenant-Colonel P. Dee, I.M.S., was the Superintendent of the School
up to the 22nd November 1919, when I took charge. Major A. Whitmore I.M.S.,
held charge for a short period of about a month in July 1919.
My thanks are due to the Lecturers and Assistant Lecturers and other staff
who carried out their duties with keenness and energy.
12. General.—His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor inspected the School
during the year under report. This event and the attendance of His Honour at
the Prize Distribution will mark an epoch in the Medical School, as it was the
first occasion on which the Head of the Province visited this institution since its
establishment and attended the Prize Distribution. His Honour's Private
Secretary and the Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals together with the
Lecturers of the School and many leading persons of the Town were present at
the Annual Prize Distribution.
J. GOOD, LIEUT.-COL., I.M.S.,
S u p e r i n t e n d e n t ,
B u r m a G o v t . M e d i c a l S c h o o l , R a n g o o n .
STATEMENT A.
Showing nature and extent of practical training obtained by the students of the Burma Government Medical School during the year 1919-20 and the two
previous years.
Year.
Number of cases ex -
amined and treated
before the students.
Number of opera-
tions performed
before the students.
Number of dead bodies dissected by students.
Practical Medical Jurisprudence.
Practical Mid-
wifery and dis-
eases of women.
Practical
Patho-
logy.
Received from
Injected.
In-door
patients.
Out-door
patients.
Operations.
G e n e r a l H o s p i t a l , R a n g o o n .
Preserving.
Arterial.
Post-mortem
examinations held
before the students.
Injury cases
examined
before
the s tudents.
Number of
times
contents sent
to the
Chemical
Examiner.
Labour
cases
con-
ducted.
Diseases
of
women.
Demon-
strations
on dead
bodies.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
1917-18
...
...
. . .
39
. . .
. . .
...
. . .
39
39
. . .
...
...
. . .
. . .
......
1918-19
...
...
. . .
45
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
45
45
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
...
. . . . . .
1919-20
. . . ...
. . .
38
...
. . .
. . . ...
38
38
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
......
Many post-mortem
examinations were
held before the
third and fourth
year students and
exact numbers
cannot be given
As the students were distributed all over
the hospital, both out-door and in-door,
several cases were examined and several
operations performed before one or more
students each day, and exact numbers
cannot be given.
A body is divided into
seven regions and
each region will
require two or three
weeks to dissect.
STATEMENT B .
Showing the attendance of students of the Burma Government Medical School during the year 1919-20 and the two previous years
.
Year.
R e m a i n e d o n t h e r o l l s f r o m t h e p r e v i o u s y e a r .
A d m i t t e d d u r i n g t h e y e a r .
R e - a d m i t t e d d u r i n g t h e y e a r .
Total.
Left, died, etc., during the year.
R e m a i n e d a t t h e e n d o f t h e y e a r .
A v e r a g e m o n t h l y n u m b e r o f p u p i l s .
Average daily
attendance.
L e f t s c h o o l a f t e r p a s s i n g t h e f i n a l e x a m i n a t i o n .
R e m o v e d f o r a b s e n c e w i t h o u t l e a v e .
R e m o v e d f o r n o n - p a y m e n t o f s c h o o l - f e e s .
R e m o v e d f o r f a i l u r e i n e x a m i n a t i o n s .
R e m o v e d f o r m i s c o n d u c t .
L e f t o t h e r w i s e .
Died.
Total.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
1917-18
70
45
...
115
1
...
3
1
. . .
3
. . .
8
107
...
. . .
1918-19
107
39
1
147
16
. . .
...
. . .
...
5
1
22
125
132
130
1919-20
125
40
...
165
16
3
. . .
3
1
5
...
28
137
139
138
Appendices.
5
6 APPENDICES.
STATEMENT C.
Classification of students, according to religion and nationality, taught inland passed out
of the Burma Government Medical School during the year 1919-20.
Total number of students
taught during the year.
Number passed out during the
year in the final examina-
tion as Sub-Assistant
Surgeons.
Male.
Female.
Male.
Female.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
RELIGION.
Christians
...
...
...
28
7
4
2
Buddhists
...
...
. . .
76
. . .
6
...
Hindus
...
...
...
42
...
3
. . .
Mahomedans
...
...
...
1 2
. . .
1
. . .
T o t a l . . .
1 5 8
7
1 4
2
NATIONALITY.
Burmese
...
. . . . . .
89
1
8
. . .
Chinese
...
...
...
5
. . .
1
. . .
Indians
...
...
. . .
60
1
4
. . .
Anglo-Indians
...
...
...
4
5
1
2
Total
...
158
7
14
2
STATEMENT D.
Classification according to general education of the students admitted during the year
1919-20 and the two previous years.
1917-18.
1918-19.
1919-20.
Male.
Female.
Male.
Female.
Male.
Female.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
1. Those who passed the Matriculation
Examination.
10
...
22
. . .
14
. . .
2. Those who passed the High School
Final Examination.
30
2
17
. . .
23
2
3. Those who passed the Ninth
Standard Examination.
1
...
1
. . .
1
. . .
4. Those who passed the Seventh
Standard Examination.
...
2
...
. . .
. . .
. . .
Total
. . .
41
4
40
. . .
38
2
STATEMENT G.
Statistical Return of the Burma Government Medical School for the year 1919-20.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1 7
Name and Class of Institution.
Number of pupils.
Number of pupils learning on the last working day
of the year.
Received for direct expenditure
Total
Receipts.
Total direct
Expenditure.
Remarks.
On the ro
i l s o n t h e
l a s t
working
day of the
year.
Average
monthly
number
on the rolls
during the
y e a r .
Average
daily atten-
dance
during
the year.
English.
A classical
language.
A vernacular
language.
From public sources.
From private sources.
Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls.
Provincial
Revenues.
District
Funds.
Municipal
Funds.
Native
States.
Fees.
Subscrip-
tions.
Endow-
ments and
other
sources.
Rs. A.
P . Rs. A. P . Rs. A. P. Rs. A. P .
Rs. A.
P . Rs. A. P . Rs. A. P .
Rs. A. P .
Rs. A. P.
Burma Government Medical
School, Rangoon.
137
139
138
. . .
...
...
...
. . .
...
...
...
...
...
2,507 8 2
...
...
2,507
8 2 82,378 13
5
STATEMENT H.
Number of pupils on the rolls on the last working day of the year
1919-20 classified according to race and creed .
Number of
pupils.
Europeans
and Anglo-
Indians.
Asiatic Christians.
Hindus.
Mahomedans .
Burman
(Buddhists).
Parsis.
Others.
Remarks.
Aboriginal.
Non-aboriginal.
Total.
Aboriginal
(Karens).
N o n -
aboriginal.
Total.
Brahmans.
Non-
Brahmans.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
( 1 0 )
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
Males
...
...
133
3
9
11
20
7
28
10
61
. . .
...
4
4
Females
...
...
4
2
1
1
2
. . .
...
...
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
...
TOTAL
...
137
5
10
12
22
7
28
10
61
. . .
...
4
4
G.B.C.P.O.—No. 6, I.-G. of C.H., 25-6-1920—430.
A P P E N D I C E S . 8
REPORT
ON THE WORKING OF THE
BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL
RANGOON
FOR THE YEAR 1919-20
RANGOON
OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA
1920
I P / 1 6 / P I . 4
ANNUAL REPORT
ON THE WORKING OF THE
BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL
RANGOON
FOR THE YEAR 1920-21
RANGOON
OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA
1921
LIST OF AGE
NTS
FOR THE
SALE OF GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
IN INDIA:
AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSION PRRSS, Ranģoon.
•
RANGOON TIMES PRRSS, Rangoon.
MAUNG LU GALE, Law Book Depðt, 42, Ayo-o-gale, Mandala
y.
THACKER, SPINK & Co., Calcutta and S i m l a .
W. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.
BUTTERWORTH & Co. (India), Ltd., Calcutta.
THACKER
& C o . , L t d . , B o m b a y .
* D . B .
T A R A P O R E V A L A , S O N S & C o . ,
B o m b a y .
H I G i G I N B O T H A M & C o . , M a d r a s .
IN ENGLAND
:
HENRY S. KING & Co., 65, Cornhill, E.C.
A. CONSTABLE & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, W.C.
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER &
Co., Ltd., 68-74, Carter Lane, E.C:
•
a n d 5 , M u s e u m S t r e e t , W . C .
BERNARD QUARITCH, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, W.
P. S. KING & SONS, 2 & 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, S. W.
GRINDLAY & CO., 54, Parliament Street, S.W.
T. FISHER UNWIN, Ltd., 1, A delphi Terrace,
W.C.
W. TRACKER & Co., 2, Creed Lane, Ludgate Hi
ll, E.C.
LUZAC & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, W.C.
WHELDON & WESLEy Ltd., 28, Essex Street, Strand, W.C.
OLIVER & BOYD, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh.
E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116, Grafton Street, Dublin.
•
B. H. BLACKWELL, 50 & 59, Broad Street, Oxford.
•
DSIGHTON, BELL & Co., Ltd., Trinity Street, Cambridge.
ON THE CONTINENT:
• EPNES
T
. LEROUX, 28, Rue Bonaparte, Paris, France.
MARTINUS NIJHOFF, T he Hague, Holland.
* For the sale of official publications excluding those of the Legislative
Department of the Government of Burma
.
[The maximum limit of the body of the Report is four pages.]
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
REPORT ON THE WORKING OF THE BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL,
RANGOON, FOR THE YEAR 1920-21.
Number of students on the rolls
...
...
..
...
...
PARA.I
P A G E
I
Examinations and results
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
ib.
Admissions
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
2
Conduct, health and attendance
...
...
...
...
...
4 & 5
i b .
Subjects taught ...
...
...
...
...
..
...
6
ib.
Buildings
...
...
...
...
...
. . . . . .
7
3
Finance
...
...
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
i b .
Hostel
...
...
...
...
...
. . . . . .
9
ib.
Medals and Prizes
... ... ... ... ... ...
1 0
ib.
Staff of the Medical School ...
...
...
...
...
...
1 1
4
General
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 12
4
APPENDICES.
PAGE
Statement A.—Showing nature and extent of practical training obtained by students of the Burma
Government Medical School during the year 1920-21 and the two previous years
5
Statement B.—Showing the attendance of students of the Burma Government Medical School
during the year 1920-21 and the two previous years
...
. . . . . .
ib.
Statement C.—Classification of students, according to religion and nationality, taught in and
passed out of the Burma Government Medical School during the year 1920-21 ...
6
Statement D.—Classification according to general education of the students admitted during the
year 1920-21 and the two previous years in the Burma Government Medical
School
...
... . . . . . .
. . .
. . . . . .
ib.
Statement E.—Showing the results of examinations in the Burma Government Medical School
during the year 1920-21 and the two previous years
...
...
..
7
Statement F.—Showing Receipts and Expenditure of the Burma Government Medical School
during the year 1920-21
...
...
...
...
...
ib.
Statement G.—Statistical return of the Burma Government Medical School for the year 1920-21
8
Statement H.—Number of pupils on the last working day of the year 1920-21 classified according
to race or creed . . . . . .
...
... ...
...
ib.
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR-GENERAL OF CIVIL HOSPITALS,
BURMA.
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT No. 6871.—IR.-7.
FROM
LIEUT.-COLONEL. J. ENTRICAN, M.A., M. D., D.P.H., I.M.S.,
Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Burma,
To
THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF BURMA.
Dated Rangoon, the 1st June 1921.
SIR,
I have the honour to forward the Superintendent, Lieutenant-Colonel
J. Good's Report on the working of the Burma Medical School for 1920-21,
together with the Statements A to H. Statement A might, I think, very well be
.omitted in future; it is impossible to compile and serves no useful purpose.
The year shows a considerable amount of progress both in the number of
students and the strengthening of the teaching staff.
Sixty new students including three females were admitted, as compared with
forty in the previous year, and the average attendance was 166 as compared
with 138.
Roughly speaking one half of the students are Burmans including Karens
and Arakanese and the bulk of the other half Indians, the balance being made up
of Anglo-Indians and Chinese. All except one had passed the high school
final or its equivalent. An exception was made in this one case on account of
his previous War service.
Twenty-two students presented themselves for the Final Examination of
whom 12 passed in April and 9 in October after having been remanded for six
m onths. As the average number of admissions during the previous four years
has been about 40, it will be seen that 50 per cent, of the entrants surviv e d.
I b e l i e v e t h i s i s r a t h e r h i g h e r t h a n i n M e d i c a l S c h o o l s i n E n g l a n d . A s a r e s u l t o f
the recent examination for First-year students four candidates were pronounced
unfit to continue their studies. It is much kinder to the students themselves
and less disappointing to their relatives and teachers that they should be
prevented from wasting their time at studies for which they are evidently unfitted.
If thorough weeding out is done in the early years, there will be few failures
later on.
The teaching staff was strengthened at the beginning of the session in July
by the addition of three Military Medical Officers, whose services were very
kindly placed at the disposal of the school by the Assistant Director of Medical
Services, Burma District, and I wish to express my cordial agreement with the
Superintendent's eulogy of the services, so freely given, of these officers. Nor
have the regular members of the teaching staff been behind-hand in raising the
general standard of Medical Education. A small Bacteriological Laboratory
belonging to the Sanitary Department, which had been shut up for years was,
with the approval of the Local Government, handed over temporarily to the
Medical School, and has proved invaluable for practical demonstrations.
Students have still to go to Madras to learn practical Midwifery, and I fear
this expensive method is likely to continue until we have a new Obstetric Hospital
in Rangoon.
( 2 )
The school suffers from inadequate and unsuitable accommodation which
becomes more accentuated year by year as the number of students increase.
The central portion of the main building has, up to date, been utilized as a
residence for the Hostel-master. This arrangement is thoroughly bad, as there
is no separate entrance to the quarters and outsiders of all descriptions gain free
access to the school. I propose to do away with these residential quarters and
hand them over to the school to relieve the present overcrowding. Members of
the Staff of the General Hospital still occupy quarters in the School Compound,
but it is hoped that the necessary buildings will soon be provided for them in the
Hospital Compound.
A Drill Instructor was sanctioned in the beginning of the year and all students
now go through a course of both squad and stretcher drill.
Recreation has not been neglected and games such as tennis and foot-ball,
are popular amongst the students.
I have the honour to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient servant,
J. ENTRICAN, M.A., M.D., D.P.H.,
Lieut.-Colonel, I.M.S.,
Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Burma.
ANNUAL REPORT
ON THE WORKING OF THE
BURMA GOVERNMENT MEDICAL SCHOOL, RANGOON
FOR THE YEAR 1920-21.
1.
Number of Students.—The year commenced with 137 students on the
roll as against 125 last year, namely:—
Class.
Public. Private. Total. Remarks.
First year . . .
25
13
38
Second year . . .
26
8
34
Third year . . .
27
16
43
Fourth year . . .
16
6
22
Total . . .
94
43
137
2. Examinations and Results.—( a ) The Primary, Intermediate and Final
Examinations of the Burma Medical Examination Board were held in April and
October 1920 and the following were the results : —
PRIMARY EXAMINATION.
In April, 37 out of 38 first-year students appeared and 32 passed.
Public student Maung Kyaw was unable to sit for the examination as he was on
sick leave for six months. Out of the five failures, four students (three public
and one private) were remanded for six months and the remaining one, namely,
private student Maung Thaung was removed from the school. When the four
failures were re-examined in October, three passed but public student E. L. S.
Pereira failed and was remanded for further six months with half stipend.
INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION.
Out of 31 second-year students who were sent up in April, only 18 passed.
The 13 failures were remanded for six months. In October these 13 students
together with two private students, M. R. Das and B. C. De, who were not
allowed to go up in April, appeared when all passed except Maung Hla Maung,
Das and De. The first named student was removed from the school and the
latter two were remanded for six months.
FINAL EXAMINATION.
Twenty-two candidates sat for the Final qualifying examination in April,
when 12 passed and Io failed. The failures were re-examined in October and all
but one passed. Maung San U, who was the only failure and a public student,
was remanded for six months without stipend.
( b) The promotion examination of the third-year students took place on
the 3oth and 31st March 1921, when 29 out of 31 students appeared and 20
passed. The failures were remanded for three months. Two public students