NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
iii
V. (A) EQUINE DISEASE—
(1) Glanders and Farcy ... ... ... ...
(2) Surra ... ... ... ...
(3) Ludhiana disease ... ... ... ...
(4) Inspection of Dak Lines ... ... ...
VI.—-GENERAL—
(1) Cost of Department ... ... ... ...
(2) Tours of Imperial Officers—
Inspector-General, Civil Veterinary Department ...
Assistant to the Inspector-General, Civil Veterinary
Department ... ... ...
Imperial Bacteriologist ... ... ...
(3) Personnel of the Department ... ... ...
(4) General Remarks—
Horse-breeding in Ajmere ... ... ...
Pony and mule-breeding in Central Provinces ...
Horse and mule-breeding in Central India ... ...
Horse and mule-breeding beyond the Border—Kurrum ....
Mule-breeding in Dir, Swat and Chitral ... ...
Cleansing of Horse Boxes ... ... ...
Trial of new veterinary preparations ... ...
Rules for guidance of Zilladars and Salutris ...
Advice to breeders ... ... ... ...
Quarterly Veterinary Journal, in Urdu, by Veterinary-
Captain Pease ...
Issue of Agricultural Ledgers—Special Vety. Series ...
Horse-breeding Manual, in Urdu, by Vety.-Captain Pease,
Translation ot Syud Sardar Shah Gilani's Manual of
Cattle diseases into Hindi ... ...
Translation of Williams' Medicine and Surgery into Urdu,
Horse and mule-breeding in Native States ... ...
VII.—TABLES (REVENUE SECTION)—
PART II.—PROVINCIAL REPORT.
I.—HORSE-BREEDING—
(1) Horse and Pony stallions belonging to District Boards, &c.
Casualties ... ... ... ...
Sales ... ... ... ... ...
Demand for Provincial and District Board stallions ...
Number of stallions at stud work and number of mares
covered ... ... ... ...
Cost of feed and keep, and how defrayed ... ...
(2) Produce ... ... ... ... ...
(3) Colts castrated ... ... ... ...
(4) Mares unbranded or branded for district horse-breeding
(5) Pony and mule-breeding in Burma ... ...
(6) Pony and mule-breeding in Madras ... ...
(7) Pony and mule-breeding in Bengal ... ...
(8) Conclusion ... ... ... ... ...
II.—MULE-BREEDING—
(1) Donkey stallions belonging to District Boards, &c. ...
Cost of feed and keep of district donkey stallions. ...
Demand for donkey stallions ... ... ...
III.—CATTLE DISEASE—INVESTIGATION AND PREVETION—
(1) Professor Koch's Rinderpest demonstrations ... ...
Dr. Simpson's microbe of Rinderpest ... ...
(2) Exportation of hides and bones ... ... ...
(3) Tick plague or Texas fever ... ... ...
(4) Rabies ... ... ... ... ...
(5) Bacteriological Survey ... ... ... ...
(6) Cattle disease as reported from various Provinces ...
Pages.
91
95
97
98
101
102
107
ib.
108
109
110
ib.
111
ib.
ib.
ib.
112
ib.
113
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
114
125
ib.
ib.
ib.
126
127
ib.
ib.
ib.
128
ib.
129
130
133
ib.
ib.
137
142
ib.
143
144
ib.
145
iv
North-Western Provinces and Oudh ... ...
Bengal ... ... ... ... ...
Rajputana ... ... ... ...
Punjab ... ... ... ... ...
Kashmir ... ... ... ... ...
Madras ...... ... ... ...
Lower Burma ... ... ... ...
Berar ... ... ... ... ...
Bombay ... ... ... ... ...
(7) Remarks
(8) Reliability of Statements showing mortality and imperfect
system of reporting outbreaks ... ...
(9) Veterinary Dispensaries—
Bengal ... ... ... ... ...
South Punjab ... ... ... ...
North-Western Provinces ... ... ...
Central Provinces ... ... ... ...
Bombay ... ... ... ... ...
(10) Veterinary Assistants—
Veterinary Assistants for East Africa ... ...
Do.
Bengal ... ... ...
Do.
North-Western Provinces and Oudh,
Do.
Punjab ... ... ...
Do.
Baluchistan ... ...
IV.—CATTLE-BREEDING, &C.—
(1) Cattle-breeding
North-Western Provinces and Oudh ... ...
Punjab ... ... ... ... ...
Central Provinces ... ... ... ...
Berar ... ... ... ... ...
Bombay ... ... ... ...
Bengal ... ... ... ... ...
(2) Scheme for the supply of bulls ... ... ...
(3) Cattle Fairs and Shows—
Burma ... ... ... ... ...
Madras ... ... ... ... ...
Central Provinces ... ... ... ...
Baluchistan ... ... ... ...
Bengal ... ... ... ... ...
V.—VETERINARY INSTRUCTION—
(1) Veterinary Colleges and Schools ... ... ...
Bombay Veterinary College ... ... ...
Lahore Veterinary School ... ... ...
Rajputana Veterinary School ... ... ...
Bengal Veterinary Institution ... ... ...
Burma Veterinary School ... ... ...
Veterinary Instruction in North-Western Provinces
VI.—TOURS OF SUPERINTENDENTS—
VII.—GENERAL—
(1) Provincial cost of Department ... ... ...
(2) General Remarks—
Horse-breeding, &c. (Imperial) ... ... ...
Horse-breeding, &c. (Provincial) ... ...
(3) Conclusion ... ... ... ... ...
VIII.—TABLE (PROVINCIAL) ... ... ...
Pages.
145
ib.
146
ib.
148
149
150
157
158
159
ib.
161
162
164
165
166
169
ib.
171
ib.
ib.
175
178
180
ib.
181
ib.
182
ib.
183
184
189
190
191
195
ib.
197
199
200
202
203
207
211
ib.
213
214
lxxiii—cxxxvii
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
—o—
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT IN INDIA
FOR THE OFFICIAL YEAR
1897-98.
—o—
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
A.—MILITARY SECTION.
I.—HORSE BREEDING.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT IN INDIA
FOR THE OFFICIAL YEAR
1897-98.
PART I.-IMPERIAL REPORT.
A.-MILITARY SECTION.
I.—HORSE-BREEDING.
Stallions
Number of.
As will be seen by Table I, the number of stallions present at the com-
mencement of the year was 386. Forty-one were added and 44 were struck off
the strength, leaving a balance of 383 on 31st March 1898. Of this number:—
78 were employed in North-Western Provinces.
100 „ „
88 „
„
40 „ „
1 „ „
1 „ „
43 „ „
North Punjab.
South Punjab.
Baluchistan.
Rajputana.
Central India.
Bombay, including Deccan, Guzerat and Sind,
32 remained unallotted.
Received during
the year.
2. Fifteen stallions were received by importation, and 26 were purchased in
India. Of those received by importation, all were Thoroughbreds, whilst of the
26 purchased by me in India, 11 were Thoroughbred Australians, 1 was a
Thoroughbred English, and 14 were Arabs.
Casualties.
3. As will be seen by reference to Table II, 17 stallions died during the
year, giving a percentage of 4.40 against 15 deaths last year, and a percentage of
4.15. The percentage of deaths was almost identical in all the large horse-breeding
centres, ranging from 4.76 in Baluchistan to 5.20 in the North-Western Provinces
and Oudh, and the Punjab. This year, I regret to say, two suspicious cases of
Anthrax occurred; we cannot be certain of the diagnosis as they were only seen
by Veterinary Assistants. Two cases of Surra also occurred, one in the North-
Western Provinces and one in South Punjab. Prompt measures were taken in all
instances, and no further cases took place. The Department did not lose the
services of any particularly good stallion by death, except " Bardolph" T. B. E.,
a very excellent stockgetter.
4. Twelve horses were destroyed against 25 last year. Of these, 5 were the
results of accidents, 5 were old and worn out, whilst 2 were undoubtedly
destroyed from the results of neglect when in the hands of the Chiefs in Baluchistan;
this will be further alluded to when speaking of the Darindah system.
5. The total number of horses that died or were destroyed was 29 against
38 last year, and 51 in 1895-96. This must be considered a satisfactory reduction.
Sales.
6. Fourteen horses were sold during the year (vide Table III), against 13
last year. From this number, 2 should be deducted as having been sold for their
full value to Native States for breeding purposes; if we exclude these 2, the
number sold this year was 12 against 13 in 1896-97. Again, on reduction of
horse-breeding in Central India, 3 were sold to the North-Western Provinces
Government as Provincial ponies.
14
84. I still adhere to the opinion which I have previously expressed that the
basis of our operations for the improvement of indigenous stock must be Arab
blood, that in some districts where mares require size, the Hackney is absolutely
necessary, but that having gained the size required, good boned Thoroughbreds are
likely to obtain more stock for British and in fact for Native Cavalry also, than
any other class of sire that can be used.
85. Table V. furnished as usual by the Director, Army Remount Depart-
ment, shows that the following were the results obtained at each of the Rearing
Depôts:—
Hapur
Ahmednagar
...
...
Total ...
Issued to
British Cavalry,
Chargers, &c.
238
40
278
Issued to
Madras
300
...
300
Unclassed.
89
...
89
Sold as unfit
or under-
sized.
79
7
86
Total.
706
47
753
86. If we exclude the 89 returned as unclassed, which term is not quite
understood, but which I presume to allude to undersized horses issued to the
Reserve Mountain Battery, we find that at Hapur 238 were found fit for British
Cavalry out of a total of 706, giving a percentage of 33.71. This, however, is a
question which refers to the Remount Department more than to the Civil
Veterinary Department.
87. The following table, however, is of value as being instructive as to the
class of stallion most suitable to get stock fit for British Cavalry:—
Norfolk Trotters, Hackneys and
Half-breds ... ...
Thoroughbred English
Arabs ... ... ...
Australians ...
Persians
Country-breds ... ...
Unknown
Total ...
Issued to
British
Cavalry.
85
60
33
6
1
1
92
278
Issued to
Madras.
Cavalry.
66
62
27
2
2
...
141
300
Sold as unfit
or
undersized.
19
17
9
...
...
...
41
86
Unclassed.
7
14
12
...
1
...
55
89
Total.
177
153
81
8
4
1
329
753
88. The above is very instructive. The Norfolk Trotter heads the list,
following closely by Thoroughbred English and Arabs. The Australians show
excellent results although I would not as yet claim for them the first place which
they would obtain if we went by percentages drawn from the above table.
Although it is hazardous to prophecy in matters connected with horse-breeding,
still I feel convinced that as the stock got by this class of stallion increases in
India, so will success in the purchase of young stock correspondingly increase.
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
A.—MILITARY SECTION.
II.—MULE-BREEDING.
21
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
A.—MILITARY SECTION.
II.—MULE-BREEDING.
Donkey stallions.
Number of.
112. The number of donkey stallions at the commencement of the year was
382 (vide Table I). Thirty were received by importation, viz : 15 Italians and
15 Cyprians. Thirteen were purchased in India, viz: 3 Arabs, 8 Country-breds, 1
Persian, and 1 Ghuzni.
Casualties and
Sales.
113. Of the total number struck off the Register, 10 died, 20 were destroyed,
(vide Table VII) and 3 were sold (vide Table VIII). The death-rate was lower
than last year : the number destroyed was 20 against 26 last year. Of the 20
destroyed, no less than 17 were got rid of for old age. I would have liked to be
in a position to have destroyed many more that are really too old for stud work,
but owing to the difficulty in obtaining young Jacks, many that would otherwise
have been got rid of, had to be kept on. Three donkeys unfit for stud work
were sold.
Number of donkey
stallions at stud
work.
114. Table IX will show the number of donkeys at stud work to have been :
as follows :—
North-Western Provinces and Oudh—85 out of 118 on the Register. Of
these, however, 25 were unallotted. The numbers, therefore, really
are 85 out of 93.
North Punjab—103 out of 139 on the Register.
South Punjab—73 out of 103 on the Register. Of these, however, 15 were
unalloted. The numbers, therefore, really are 73 out of 88.
Baluchistan—4.25 out of 6 on the Register.
The relative numbers therefore are :—
North-Western Provinces......
North Punjab
...
...
...
South Punjab ...
...
...
Baluchistan
...
...
...
Bombay
...
...
...
85 out of 93 on the Register
103
73
4
265
24
289
„
„
„
„
139
88
6
326
24
350
„
„
„
„
The above must be considered a satisfactory percentage, considering the
number of old donkeys on the Register.
115. The average number of mares covered per donkey stallion employed,
compared with last year, is as follows :—
Average number
of mares covered
per donkey stal-
lion employed.
N. W. Provinces
North Punjab ...
South Punjab ...
Baluchistan ...
Central India ...
Deccan ...
Guzerat ...
Sind
...
...
1896-97.
Pony mares.
49.4
78.95
76.44
20.60
11.00
20.50
19.00
30.93
Donkey mares.
32.0
71.15
37.00
0.60
........
........
........
........
1897.98.
Pony mares.
41.5
76.06
67.19
27.29
29.00
6.38
20.00
29.82
Donkey mares.
25.0
60.71
46.33
12.00
........
........
........
........
116. There has been a certain falling off in the percentages of North-Western
Provinces, North Punjab, and South Punjab, but this was only to be expected
owing to famine and the drain on the country for ponies for the Frontier
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
HORSE-BREEDING.
33
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
I.—HORSE-BREEDING.
Cost of feed and
keep of Govern-
ment horse stal-
lions.
161. Table XI will show the feed and keep of Government horse stallions
during the year. The following is a summary by which a comparison can be
drawn between the year under review and 1896-87 :—
North-Western Pro
vinces and
Oudh
Rajputana
North Punjab
South Punjab
Baluchistan
Central India
Deccan
Guzerat }
Sind and Cutch
...
...
...
...
...
Bombay
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Average cost
1896-97.
Rs.
330
292
338
404
474
183
484
417
420
A.
10
2
15
15
6
15
0
0
0
P.
11
7
0
8
2
5
0
0
0
per stallion.
1897-98.
Rs.
364
288
357
358
500
295
662
397
488
A.
6
13
13
12
2
12
0
0
0
P.
1
0
1
3
10
3
0
0
0
162. It will be seen at a glance that the averages have been very high.
The highest being in the Deccan where the cost reached Rs. 662, but if we take
the averages of the large breeding centres for which this Department is responsible,
we find that the highest average existed in Baluchistan where it reached
Rs. 500-2-10, whilst the lowest was to be found in North Punjab where the cost
was Rs. 357-13-1, this includes cost of gear and construction and repairs to
stabling, but these were reduced as much as possible with efficiency as it was felt
that the budget grants under these sub-heads would be required to cover expenses
of actual feed and keep.
163. The cost at the Depôts shows a very great increase over that of last
year, viz:—
North-Western Punjab Depôt ...
Punjab Depot .... ...
1896-97.
Rs.
„
274
268
1
7
0
5
1897-98.
364
341
1
4
2
4
This is attributable to 3 causes :—
(a).—The high price of grain prevailing in the Meerut and Delhi districts.
(b).—The fact that many horses had to be returned to the Depôt for con-
ditioning, having suffered greatly in the districts for want of good
fodder.
(c).—That owing to the fact mentioned in (b), it was necessary to feed
these horses on expensive grains, such as linseed, and also to the
large quantity of green fodders, such as lucerne, &c., which
are charged for from the Instruction Farm at market rates.
164. The past year was one of great financial anxiety as I determined, if
possible, to meet the wishes of Government by not asking for an extra grant.
This question will be more fully dealt with when remarking on the cost of the
Department, but I may here note that my efforts were ably seconded by all Officers
in whose hands expenditure lay.
Branded mares-
Number present.
165. Table XII will show that the number of branded or certificated
mares at the commencement of the year stood, as follows :—
For horse-breeding
„ pony-breeding
...
...
...
...
...
...
22,603
4,906
The above table also includes mares branded for mule-breeding, but as the system
of branding does not exist in Northern India, and as I trust to see it abolished in
Sind, the matter is scarcely worth mentioning.
41
214. Taken together, we find that 3,254 colts were castrated against 3,409
last year; the reduction being only 155, must be considered as most satisfactory,
considering that so many colts were in bad condition that owners deferred the
operation.
215. That the Veterinary Assistants are skilful operators cannot be denied.
It is pleasing to find that not a single death took place amongst the 3,254 colts
operated on by the Imperial or District Board Veterinary Assistants.
216. In the two districts of the Madras Presidency in which pony-breeding
is carried on, castration has, I am glad to say, made some headway this year. On
this point the Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department, states:—
The establishment consisted of two Salutris and two pupil Salutris in Salem, and one Salutri in.
Coimbatore. Two hundred and fifty-eight ponies were castrated in Salem district this year against 171 last
year. In Coimbatore, 52 ponies were castrated against 17 of the previous year.
217. This is satisfactory, still one point must strike one as requiring
explanation, it is, that whilst 4 men are employed to castrate in a district where
only 4 stallions stand, only one man is employed in Coimbatore which gives
work for 11 stallions. Castration requires pushing in the last named district, if
we wish to make pony-breeding a success.
PART I.-IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
II.—MULE-BREEDING.
45
PART I.—IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
II.-MULE-BREEDING.
Cost of feed and
keep of Govern-
ment donkey
stallions.
218. The average cost per donkey for the past two years has been as follows.
That for the present year is shown inTable XIV:—
North-Western Provinces and
Oudh
......
......
North Punjab ...... ...... ...... ......
South Punjab ...... ...... ...... ......
Baluchistan ...... ...... ...... ......
Deccan ...... ......
Guzerat ...... ...... ...... ......
Sindh and Cutch ...... ...... ......
1896—97.
Rs.
142
186
182
250
511
318
304
A.
15
15
15
10
0
0
0
P.
7
1
10
7
0
0
0
1897—98.
Rs.
165
196
189
268
490
363
289
A.
11
14
8
15
0
0
0
P.
11
5
6
0
0
0
0
219. There is a slight increase in all Provinces in Northern India, but I
must confess that it is not as much as I expected; and had it not been for the
careful scrutiny on the part of the various Superintendents of all petty expenditure,
it would have been much greater.
220. The cost of feed and keep of donkey stallions in the Bombay Presidency
still continues to be very high.
Number of pony
and donkey mares
served by Govern-
ment donkey
stallions.
221. The number of pony and donkey mares covered by Government stallions
is given in Table IX. The number covered during the previous year is also given
below to enable comparisons to be drawn:—
North-Western Provinces
and Oudh
North Punjab ... ...
South Punjab ... ...
Baluchistan ... ...
Deccan ... ...
Guzerat ... ...
Sind and Cutch ...
Central India ... ...
Pony mares.
1896—97.
3,553
8,053
5,504
103
41
19
693
11
17,977
1897—98.
3,532
7,835
4,905
116
9
20
684
58
17,159
Donkey mares.
1896—97.
96
925
185
3
...
...
...
...
1,209
1897—98.
150
850
139
9
...
...
...
...
1,148
222. The falling off, amounting as it does to 818 pony mares, must be con-
sidered satisfactory when all the disadvantages under which the Department has
worked is considered. The Punjab is responsible for the whole of the decrease,
amounting as it does in the North and South Punjab Circles, to 817.
Number of mule
stock foaled.
223. The average of mule stock foaled to each stallion employed, is shown
in Table IX. The following statement will show the working of the year under
review, when compared with last year. As has been done on former occasions, the
percentage of produce to mares covered is also given:—
North-Western Provinces
and Oudh
North Punjab ... ...
South Punjab ... ...
Baluchistan ... ...
Deccan ... ...
Guzerat ... ...
Sind ... ...
Mule
produce.
Number foaled per
stallion employed.
1896—97.
16.68
14.54
14.33
5.6
3.10
11.00
5.64
1897—98.
14.6
12.91
14.30
11.0
4.0
9.00
7.32
Percentage of
produce to mares
covered.
1896—97.
33.58
19.41
19.34
30.00
14.92
57.89
13.48
1897—98.
29.66
16.35
18.71
53.39
19.51
47.36
23.66
224. The working cannot be properly shown this year in Northern India as
so many mares left the districts in search of fodder that it was impossible to trace
the results in the case of 3,900 mares covered during the previous year.
PART I.-IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
III.-HORSE FAIRS AND SHOWS.
73
471. A corresponding reduction of Rs. 650 had to be made in order to keep
within the Budget allotment. The increases and reductions were as follows:—
Aligarh ... ... ...
Amritsar ... ... ...
Gujrat ... ... ...
Jellalabad ... ... ...
Jhelum ... ... ...
Lahore ... ... ...
Multan ... ... ...
Muzafarnagar ... ... ...
Quetta ... ... ...
Rawalpindi ... ... ...
Shahpur ... ... ...
Sibi ... ... ...
Total ...
INCREASE
...
300
...
...
...
...
200
...
150
...
...
...
650
DECREASE.
50
...
100
100
50
100
...
50
...
50
50
100
... 650
SUMMARY.
472. It is difficult to compare the past three years, as, during one year some
Shows were not held owing to famine, and during the present year some were not
held owing to the prevalence of Bubonic Plague and other causes.
473. If we exclude Bengal, from which necessary particulars were not
received concerning the Fairs held at Sonepore and Kalimpong, we find that:—
46,406 animals were present against 47,968 last year.
11,385 competed for prizes against 9,873 last year.
91 head of stock were purchased by Army Remount Department
against 107 last year.
1,013 remounts were purchased by Native Cavalry against 919 last year.
69 were purchased for Police against 122 last year.
326 mules were purchased by Government against 529 last year.
1,678 mules were purchased by others against 2,000 last year.
I have given the above summary to facilitate reference, and considering the bad
year through which we have passed, the results must be considered satisfactory.
474. The number present would have compared more favorably had it not
been for Batesar Fair which is yearly declining. This Fair showed a decrease of
6,574, and considering that the total decrease amounts only to 1,562, it will be
seen that, had it not been for Batesar, the increase would have been satisfactory.
475. The number of young stock purchased by the Army Remount Depart-
ment was small, but more might have been obtained. The Native Cavalry obtained
94 more remounts than last year.
476. The purchase of mules were less than last year, but this cannot be taken
into account, as very large numbers had been bought for the Frontier Expeditions
before the Fairs were held.
Stallions whose
produce won
prizes.
477. Table XVI shows the number of prizes awarded to stock, the produce
of different classes of sires, by which it will be seen that the following results were
obtained:—
Thoroughbred English ...
Thoroughbred Australian ...
Half and three-quarter bred English,
Norfolk Trotters, and Hackneys
Arab ... ... ...
Proportion of 1st
prizes.
...
1.61
...
0.75
...
0.48
...
0.46
Proportion of total
prizes.
7.45
4.53
3.82
3.52
478. The results of other classes, such as Stud-breds, Turkomans, and
Persians, are not given as they are inclined to be misleading owing to the small
number of stallions of these classes employed.
479. It will be seen that the Thoroughbred English holds a very high
position, that the Thoroughbred Australian comes next, and that the successes
which were obtained by Hackneys, &c., and Arabs were about equal.
PART I—IMPERIAL REPORT.
B.—REVENUE SECTION.
IV.—INSTRUCTION FARM