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the others. This is no doubt in part due to the better market which the metropolis affords
for the ready and quick sale of manufactured articles. With a working population only
twelve in excess of that of Dacca, its cash receipts for articles sold were in 1878 Rs. 18,926
against Rs. 6,315, while it made over for asylum use goods valued at Rs. 6,882 against
Rs. 36. In addition to this, it added during the year Rs. 618 to the value of its store of
raw material, Rs. 688 to its stock of manufactured articles, and Rs. 3,437 to its plant and
machinery; while Dacca shows a falling off under each of these heads, amounting in the
aggregate to Rs. 340. The net result is that the profits at Dullunda are raised from Rs. 1,513
to Rs. 6,258 ; while those at Dacca fall from Rs. 3,923 to Rs. 3,582. The net earnings per
employed patient are thus Rs. 34 at Dullunda and Rs. 20 at Dacca—a very different result from
that obtained by a calculation on the official " profits," which gives only Rs. 8 at Dullunda
and Rs. 22 at Dacca. The success of the operations at Dullunda is mainly due to the
great energy and ability of Mr. Bancroft, the Deputy Superintendent, and the excess of
outturn, as compared with that of other asylums, more than covers the whole of his salary.
Government does not reap the benefit financially, but the asylum does, and it is in this
way that it has gradually perfected its internal arrangements. The ruling principle which
should govern labour in asylums is not profit, but the benefit of the insane, and the
assimilation of asylum life to that of rational life elsewhere. This principle has been
repeatedly recognized by Government. The profits are incidental merely.
12. The Committee allude to a recommendation recently made by them
on a reference from this Government, that the lunatics should be given a direct
interest in their labor, and be allowed extra indulgences as a reward for good
work. The Lieutenant-Governor has already ordered that this plan, which
is followed at the Broadmoor Criminal Asylum in England, shall be adopted
experimentally.
13. Having explained clearly the difficulties of making any trustworthy
comparison between the working of the different asylums in the past, the
Committee pass on to offer certain recommendations designed to facilitate
such comparison in future.
The recommendation of the Committee, that (1) " the detailed report of
each asylum should be printed as an appendix to the Surgeon-General's report, as was
done up to 1874, or if this be thought undesirable, that a copy of each report be
furnished to the Superintendent of the other Asylums,'' cannot be adopted in its
entirety in view of the stringent orders of the Government of India that
subsidiary reports should not be appended to the reports of heads of departments.
A copy of the annual report of each asylum will, however, as proposed, be
furnished to the Superintendents of the other Asylums.
The following recommendations made by the Committee have the Lieu-
tenant-Governor's approval:—
II.—That the cost of superintendence, i. e. the pay of the Superintendent
and his deputy, or the Overseer and Matron, should be shown sepa-
rately from establishment proper. This might be done by sub-
dividing the heading " Establishment" in table No. IX, into
two heads, viz. "Establishment proper" and "Superinten-
dence."
III.—That all charges for stimulants, sweetmeats, tobacco, and hospital
comforts be included under the head of " diet,'' except
IV.—That indulgences granted as rewards for work be charged to the manu-
facture accounts.
The charges incurred on account of indulgences might, the Lieutenant-
Governor observes, be shown in table IX, under the sub-head of " Contin-
gencies of Manufacture."
V.—That all general charges for repairs and construction, painting, and general
maintenance and improvement of asylum buildings be eliminated from
the contingent accounts and shown under a separate heading as
" Repairs and Maintenance," a statement of any work done by the
Public Works Department being obtained from that Department and
included under this head. Work done on manufacturing account to
be separately entered in that account.
The Lieutenant-Governor directs that charges for repairs and maintenance
of asylum buildings be entered separately as a sub-head of ordinary contingen-
cies in table No. IX. A separate column showing the total charges, excluding
such " repairs and maintenance," might be added. Another column should be
devoted to the charges on account of work done by the Public Works Depart-
ment. The Surgeon-General is requested to revise the table in accordance
with these directions and to submit a copy for the approval of Government.