M. A.
RASHID
SHARRAR
331
The apparatus has been prepared from ordinary
thin tin sheeting of an empty kerosene oil tin.
This material is light and almost rust resistant.
Although this tin sheeting is not very thick, yet
the apparatus has been so designed that on account
of its round shape, the material provides maximum
strength to the apparatus, without either making
it in any way unwieldy or unbearably heavy. The
apparatus may be painted with advantage, with a
thin coat of white lead paint on its outer surface.
Fig. 1 shows that it consists of one oval
shaped funnel F which slopes into a tapering de-
pression marked D (shown with dotted lines),
ending into a small hole H. The depression D is
situated towards one of the narrower ends of the
oval funnel so as to avoid the bottom of the ap-
paratus striking or rubbing against the hind legs
of the animals as they walked. The urine that
passes through this hole H collects into the basin
below without either smearing the sheath or
spilling. The rim of the funnel is lined with a
leather border B to obviate the drawback of a
metal part coming in contact with the body of the
animal.
The basin consists of three tin pieces. The two
upper pieces, P 1 and P 2 are soldered together to
form a waisted oval box, the upper edge of the plate
P 1 being soldered to the lower side of the funnel,
leaving a margin of about 3/4" at the sides and
about 2½" at the ends. The third piece P 3 is
scooped to form an oval bowl which is soldered to
the lower rim of the plate P 2 . In the bottom of
plate P 3 a tin nozzle N, 2" long and ½" bore, point-
ing sidewards, is soldered. A rubber tube is
slipped on to this nozzle which is used for emptying
the apparatus periodically.
The gauge is formed by punching two holes, each
5/8" in diameter, one in the upper plate P 1 and the
other at the junction of the plate P 2 and plate P 3 .
Two tin tubes T 1 and T 2 each about an inch long
are soldered into the punched holes. Bored rubber
bungs, having pieces of L shaped glass tubing L 1
and L 2 fitted into them are fixed into the tin tubes
T 1 and T 2 mentioned above. The two free ends
of the glass tubes are connected together by means
of a small India rubber tube R. This union of two
pieces of glass tubing, instead of using only one
piece, bent twice, not only safeguards against
accidental breakage of the tube but also facilitates
proper fitting. The protector M is a strip of tin
loosely covering the glass tubes on, three sides, the
two free ends projecting about a quarter of an inch
above the level of the tubes L 1 and L 2 . Small air
hole A is formed by soldering, into the side of the
apparatus, a small tin tube about an inch long and
1/8" bore to provide an exit for the escaping air.
The apparatus is attached to the abdomen of the
animal by means of straps.
The apparatus gives complete satisfaction, is
very light, and neither interferes with work of the
bullocks nor touches the ground. The urine does
not remain in the funnel, but is immediately
conducted to the basin below, without loss through
leakage or splashing.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The writer is grateful to Dr P. E. Lander, I.A.S.,
Agricultural Chemist to Government, Punjab,
Lyallpur, for giving facilities for carrying out this
work.
REFERENCES
Lander, P. E., and Akbar Ali (1934). Indian J. Vet. Sci.
& Anim. Husb. 4, 399-401