NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
N. C.
DAS
GUPTA
281
coefficient. Table II represents the rate of growth,
their statistical analysis and summary.
TABLE
II
Rate of growth of heifers per week (lb.)
—
1
2
3
Total .
Mean .
Group I
Hissar
8.77
11.58
12.07
32.32
10.77
Murrah
11.37
10.96
10.93
33.25
11.08
Group II
Hissar
8.90
8.80
9.17
26.87
8.96
Hurrah
9.14
9.19
8.97
27.30
9.10
Group III
Hissar
7.75
8.12
6.95
22.82
7.61
Murrah
7.70
6.22
7.65
21.57
7.19
Analysis of variance—Rate of growth (lb.)
Variation due
to
Feeds .
Breeds . .
Interaction .
Between treat-
ments
Within treat-
ments
Total .
Degrees
of
freedom
2
1
2
5
12
17
Sum
of
squares
37.86
0.01
0.40
38.27
8.69
46.96
Mean
sum of
squares
18.93
0.01
0.20
..
0.7242
..
Ratio of variance .
Observed
26.14
0.01
0.28
..
..
..
Expected
p = 0.01
6.927
9.330
6.927
..
..
..
Summary of results
Rate of growth in lb.
per week
Percentage of the
mean
Group I
Hissar
10.77
118.1
Murrah
11.08
121.4
Group II
Hissar
8.96
98.2
Murrah
9.10
99.8
Group III
Hissar
7.61
83.5
Murrah
7.19
78.8
Mean
9.12
100
S. E.
0.48
5.30
The rate of growth decreases with increased
amount of replacement of concentrates by berseem
hay. Though the interaction (breed × feed) is
not significant, the growth of Murrah heifers is
slightly higher than that of Hissar in the first two
treatments, but in the case of the third treatment,
where 75 per cent of the concentrate protein was
replaced by berseem hay protein, there is an indica-
tion of better growth with the Hissar breed. The
fall in the growth rate from concentrate group to
50 and 75 per cent berseem hay groups is 19.9 and
34.6 per cent for Hissar and 21.6 and 42.6 per
cent for Murrah breed.
Food consumption
The average dry matter intake of different
groups during the period of experiment is recorded
in Table III.
TABLE III
Average dry matter consumption in lb.
Feed
Wheat straw
.
.
.
.
.
.
Jowar
.
.
.
.
.
.
Berseem hay
.
. . . .
Concentrate
.
.
.
.
.
.
Total per day .
.
.
.
.
.
Total during the experiment . . .
Average liveweight
.
.
.
.
.
Consumption per 100 lb. liveweight . .
Full concentrate
Hissar
3.974
3.422
..
4.834
12.230
Murrah
2.770
3.449
..
5.183
11.402
1406
461
2.654
518
2.201
50 per cent conc.
replaced by berseem
Hissar
2.137
3.406
3.307
2.473
11.323
Murrah
1.785
3.423
3.572
2.699
11.479
1356
445
2.544
503
2.282
75 per cent conc.
replaced by berseem
Hissar
1.681
3.445
4.777
1.278
11.181
Murrah
1.025
3.442
5.166
1.355
10.988
1318
440
2.540
489
2.248
The consumption of wheat straw and conse-
quently of the total dry matter slightly decreased
with the increased amount of berseem hay in the
ration, the difference being 50 and 88 lb. between
groups I and II and between I and III respec-
tively during 119 days of the experiment, whereas
N. C.
DAS
GUPTA
283
TABLE VI
Liveweight increase as affected by the quality of nutrients
Groups
I
II
III
I
II
III
Breed
Hissar
.
.
.
.
.
„ . . . . .
„ . . . . .
Murrah .
.
.
.
.
„ . . . . .
„
.
.
.
.
.
Basal
L. W.
lb.
374
371
376
425
424
427
L. W.
increase
lb.
175
148
128
187
158
126
Digestible
protein
intake
lb.
103.8
91.9
82.6
109.8
100.6
92.0
L. W.
increase
per lb.
of D. P.
lb.
1.69
1.61
1.55
1.70
1.57
1.40
Starch
equivalent
take
lb.
714.4
618.7
567.9
727.5
641.7
572.2
L. W.
increase
per lb.
of S. E
lb.
0.25
0.24
0.23
0.26
0.25
0.21
Berseem for production of milk as compared to concentrates
Concentrates gave nearly the same increase per
pound of digestible protein with both the breeds.
Murrah heifers in the second group increased by
1.57 lb. per pound of digestible protein which is
slightly lower than 1.61 lb. obtained with Hissar
heifers. The Murrahs in group III, where berseem
hay supplied 75 per cent of the protein, gave much
lower average figure being 1.40 against 1.55 lb.
for Hissars. The increase per unit of starch equi-
valent was also lower for the Murrahs of group III.
It appears that berseem hay is less efficacious for
the growth of Murrah breed as compared to that
of Hissar. Similar variations for the two breeds
were also noticed with green berseem [Das Gupta,
1943].
Nine Murrah buffaloes, selected for this purpose
were given the control ration containing grass hay
ad lib, 11 lb. green grass per day and concentrate
mixture according to the requirements for main-
tenance and milk production of the individual
animal. The concentrate mixture consisted of
linseed cake 10, groundnut cake (undecorticated)
10, til cake 10, barley 35, gram 15 and bran 20
parts. Mineral mixture according to the live-
weight and milk yield was also supplemented
The basal feeding continued for four weeks when
the animals were distributed into three groups
having similar number of days in milk, number of
lactation and initial milk yield. Details of group-
ing are given in Table VII.
TABLE VII
Distribution of animals into different groups
Serial
No.
1
2
3
Average
4
5
6
Average
7
8
9
Average
Age on 1-9-39
Yr.
5
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
M.
0
1
10
0
0
2
2
5
0
1
2
1
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
. . . . .
Number
of days
in milk
on
1-9-39
37
83
47
56
37
49
67
51
58
58
59
58
Number
of
lactations
2
2
3
..
2
2
3
..
2
2
2
..
Initial
milk
yield
lb.
20.62
19.12
19.37
19.70
22.25
19.87
17.25
19.79
15.87
21.50
21.00
19.46
Live-
weight
lb.
1,014
1,045
1,149
1,070
1,130
1,051
1,059
1,080
928
1,022
1,095
1,015
Remarks
Group I
(T 7 )
Group II
(T 2 )
Group III
(T 1 )
N. C.
DAS
GUPTA
285
Economic value of berseem hay for production
The cost of production of 100 lb. increase in
body weight by the three different rations is
given in Table XI
The price of berseem hay has been calculated
from the average cost of cultivation, harvesting,
hay making and the amount of hay produced per
acre. At Madhurikund Farm (Muttra), where the
growth test was conducted, the rate per 100 lb.
was found to be Rs. 0.963 and for milk test at
Bharari (Jhansi) it was Rs. 1.134. This difference
in the price is mainly due to the yield per acre of
green berseem at the two farms.
The rate of growth with berseem hay is satis-
factory though not so good as that with the ideal
concentrate mixture. During the 119 days of the
experiment an average animal of group II gained
153 lb. and that of group III gained 127 lb. in
liveweight, the average daily gain being 1.29 and
1.06 lb. per head respectively, which is much more
than what a farmer can ordinarily expect.
Table XI shows that production of liveweight
is also economical with both Hissar and Murrah
breed when concentrate mixture is replaced by
berseem hay to the extent of 75 per cent.
Similarly the cost of milk production has been
compared in Table XII.
TABLE X
Percentage composition of milk of the different groups
Date
Basal .
.
.
.
22/25-9-41 . . .
27/29-10-41 . . .
8/12-11-41 . . .
Group I (T 1 )
Fat
5.06
5.63
6.13
6.88
Ash
0.70
0.68
0.71
0.74
Protein
2.93
3.32
3.26
3.74
Total
solids
14.03
14.81
15.41
16.70
Group II (T 2 )
Fat
5.10
5.30
5.90
6.20
Ash
0.74
0.70
0.67
0.76
Protein
2.97
3.07
3.26
3.44
Total
solids
14.33
14.62
15.15
15.59
Group III (T 3 )
Fat
4.50
5.70
6.40
6.82
Ash
0.70
0.67
0.67
0.72
Protein
3.26
3.00
3.22
3.49
Total
solids
14.57
14.82
15.65
16.04
TABLE XI
Comparative cost of production of growth with concentrates and concentrates replaced by berseem hay
Treatment
Hissar
Full concentrates
50 per cent conc.
replaced
by
berseem hay
75 per cent conc.
replaced
by
berseem hay
Murrah
Full concentrates
50 per cent conc.
replaced
by
berseem hay
75 per cent conc.
replaced
by
berseem hay
Consump-
tion of
wheat
straw
lb.
370.6
199.3
157.4
247.7
166.4
95.9
Price
at
Rs. 0.6098
per 100
lb.
Rs.
2.26
1.21
0.96
1.51
1.01
0.58
Consump-
tion
of
jowar
lb.
911.8
909.3
918.3
918.3
914.3
917.5
Price
at
Rs. 0.1524
per 100
lb.
Rs.
1.39
1.38
1.40
1.40
1.39
1.39
Consump-
tion of
berseem
hay
lb.
..
451.0
655.3
..
492.8
703.6
Price
at
Rs. 0.9634
per 100
lb.
Rs.
..
4.40
8.31
..
4.74
6.77
Consump-
tion of
concen-
trate
lb.
614.2
307.5
154.2
628.1
330.5
164.0
Price
at
Rs. 3.324
per 100
lb.
Rs.
20.40
10.23
5.12
20.88
10.98
5.46
Total
price
of
feed
Rs.
24.05
17.22
15.79
23.79
18.12
14.20
Live-
weight
in-
crease
lb.
175
148
128
187
158
126
Cost per
100 lb.
in-
crease
Rs.
13.74
11.63
12.34
12.73
11.40
11.36
V. R. GOPALAKRISHNAN
289
disease had prevailed in a neighbouring busti
about four months earlier. Cattle of both the
places usually came in contact during grazing.
Information was forthcoming to show that some
of the khutis and villages lying on the eastern side
of this area had sustained severe losses in previous
years, the disease having been known to occur for
some years past and to spread to two neighbouring
forest reserves—Bordangi and Patabari—due to
contact of cattle while grazing and also to Pata-
katachar by purchase of diseased cattle from
Deosiri area.
FIG. 1. Showing affected localities of bovine contagious pleuropneumonia.
Outbreak in Sibsagar district
The disease was investigated in Majuly area,
Sibsagar, in May 1941. Majuly area is an outly-
ing place on the northern bank of the Brahama-
putra amidst thick and failrly extensive forest,
intercepted by cultivated lands and low-lying
areas that are usually inundated. North of this
area, there is another river which flows into the
Brahamaputra further down. Majuly area is
fairly big, extending from three to five miles
around Majuly which is only a small village.
The cultivated lands are more or less scattered,
296
Cercarial
Fauna of the Irrigated Tract of the Nizam's Dominions
DOUBLE INFECTIONS
1. C. indicae IX and C. indicae XVII were found
in I. exustus in Achampet and in Ibrahimpet.
This double infection was present in 5.20 per cent
of the molluscs examined.
2. C. indicae XXVIII and C. indicae XXX in
I. exustus at Rampur.
3. C. indicae XVII and C. indicae XXXV in
Indoplanorbis exustus at Rampur.
REFERENCES
Bhalerao, G. D. (1933). Indian J. Vet. Sci. & Anim. Husb.
3, 120-1
Chatterji, R. C. (1931). Zool. Anz. 95, 177-9
Kemp, S. and Gravely, F. H. (1919). Ind. J. Med. Res.
7, 251-64
Liston, G. and Soparkar, M. B. (1918). Ind. J. Med.
Res. 5, 567-9
Porter, A. (1938). Pub. S. Afri. Inst. Med. Res. 42, 492
Rao, M. A. N. and Ayyar, L. S. P. (1932). Indian J. Vet.
Sci. & Anim. Husb. 2, 402-05
Sewell, S. (1932). Indian J. Med. Res. 10, (Suppl.), 1-370
Soparkar, M. B. (1921). Indian J. Med. Res. 9, 23-32
Srivastava, H. D. (1938). Indian J. Vet. Sci. & Anim. Husb.
8, 381-5
Vaidyanathan, S. N. (1941). Indian J. Vet. Sci. & Anim.
Husb. 11, 243
302
Effect of Heating Milk of Indian Cows and Buffaloes
TABLE III
Analysis of mixed cow and buffalo milk brought to first boil (g.m./100 ml.)
sample
No.
Dec-
rease in
volume
ml.%
(c) Raw milk
1
2
3
4
5
6
Average
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(b) Heated milk
1
2
3
4
5
6
Average
Per cent
de crease
from
averages
5.0
5.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
(6.0)
6.0
Total
solids
14.74
15.29
14.59
14.57
14.29
14.18
(14.61)
13.92
14.61
13.14
13.68
13.29
13.44
(13.68)
6.4
Fat
5.3
6.1
5.5
5.4
5.1
5.0
(5.4)
4.6
5.4
4.4
4.5
4.4
4.7
(4.7)
13.0
Pro-
teins
3.47
3.59
3.59
3.47
3.48
3.53
(3.52)
3.31
3.43
3.32
3.28
3.31
3.30
(3.35)
4.8
Chlo-
ride
0.074
0.078
0.079
0.073
0.085
0.081
(0.078)
0.070
0.075
0.076
0.070
0.082
0.077
(0.075)
3.8
Lac-
tose
+H 2 O
5.04
4.96
4.86
5.09
5.00
4.92
(4.98)
4.95
4.91
4.74
5.01
4.87
4.92
(4.90)
1.6
Acidity
(per cent
lactic)
0.108
0.111
0.106
0.102
0.101
0.107
(0.106)
0.103
0.099
0.096
0.096
0.094
0.099
(0.098)
7.5
Sp.gr.
corrected
to 60ºF.
1.028
1.028
1.028
1.028
1.029
1.028
(1.028)
1.029
1.029
1.030
1.030
1.030
1.030
(1.030)
..
Ash
0.722
0.728
0.701
0.724
0.720
0.723
(0.720)
0.697
0.694
0.672
0.689
0.686
0.703
(0.690)
4.2
Calcium
as Ca.
0.144
0.144
0.142
0.145
0.146
0.147
(0.144)
0.141
0.136
0.135
0.140
0.142
0.142
(0.139)
3.5
Phos-
phorous
as P.
0.097
0.097
0.099
0.097
0.097
0.100
(0.098)
0.095
0.092
0.091
0.091
0.092
0.094
(0.092)
6.1
Magne-
sium as
Mg
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.010
0.013
(0.012)
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.010
0.013
(0.012)
..
Citric
acid
0.216
0.199
0.191
0.206
0.201
0.192
(0.201)
0.214
0.197
0.186
0.204
0.199
0.191
(0.198)
1.5
Curd
test
(se-
conds)
at
30ºC.
10
10
11
8
10
10
(10)
165
152
115
110
200
105
(141)
Remarks
See re
marks
Table V.
TABLE IV
Analysis of skin and residue (each sample collected from six different samples of boiled milk)
Milk used
Cow .
Buffalo
.
Mixed .
(Average)
Cow .
Buffalo
.
Mixed .
(Average)
Description
Skin and residue from
heating to first boil
Skin and residue from
heating to first boil
and simmering for
10 minutes
Weight
of wet
residue
g.m./100
ml.
1.6
1.8
1.1
(1.5)
1.9
2.1
1.6
(1.9)
pH
Raw
6.2
6.2
..
6.2
6.2
6.3
boiled
6.2
6.2
..
6.2
6.2
6.3
Moisture
per cent
in wet
residue
75.93
72.39
73.63
(73.98)
73.16
70.41
71.99
(71.85)
Dry skin and residue (g.m./100 g.m.)
Fat
43.6
46.6
51.3
(47.2)
50.2
52.4
51.7
(51.4)
Proteins
30.63
29.23
26.78
(28.88)
28.19
24.15
29.84
(27.39)
Ash
4.89
5.12
4.30
(4.77)
4.14
3.88
4.16
(4.06)
Calcium
as Ca
1.15
1.33
1.21
(1.23)
1.08
1.25
1.19
(1.17)
Phospho-
rous as P
0.66
0.61
0.69
(0.65)
0.66
0.67
0.73
(0.69)
Magnesium
as
Mg
0.17
0.16
0.16
(0.16)
0.14
0.14
0.14
(0.14)
Indian J. Vet. Sci. & Anim. Husb., Vol. XIII, Part IV ]
PLATE
XXI
Measurement of diameter and height of albumen
(Courtesy of Poultry Science)
312
Efficiency of Lime and Water Glass for Egg Preservation
FIG. 1. Record of temperature and relative humidity in the egg storage room.
the start of the trials were about 65°F. in the winter
and about 96ºF. in the summer. The
albumen index, yolk index and percentage thick
white figures, obtained after one week's storage
at room temperature in the summer test, were
only reached after 5, 13 and 6 weeks respectively
of storage during the winter test. In the summer
test, even among the preserved infertile eggs,
the quality, as measured by albumen index,
yolk index and percentage thick white, after
a fortnight of preservation in lime water, had
deteriorated to the level reached by eggs pre-
served in the same substance during winter only
after 10, 20 and 12 weeks of storage respectively.
In the winter test, the control eggs after eight weeks
of storage had practically no larger air-cells than
the controls stored for two weeks under summer
conditions. While the comparatively low tem-
perature and high humidity prevalent in
the storage room during the first half of the
winter test enabled the maintenance of egg quality
over fairly long periods, the high temperature
and low humidity prevalent during the initial
weeks of the summer experiment had a very
adverse effect on the keeping quality of the
eggs.
From a study of the graphs in Fig. 2 it
will be seen that preservation of eggs in lime
water, lime and salt or water glass was of definite
benefit. While, however, in the more favour-
able conditions of winter, storage in these pre-
servatives might be carried out with advantage
for about 18-20 weeks. in summer the period
was reduced to about 10-11 weeks.
No material difference in the efficiency of these
three preservatives for storing eggs at either period
of the year was observed. There was, however,
a slight advantage in favour of lime water, which
was confined to the slightly higher yolk indices
of the eggs preserved in this material in both
tests. Since lime water is the cheapest of the
three preservatives used and is also the simplest
to prepare and handle, it should normally
be used in preference to the other two preser-
vatives.
The edibility of the control and preserved
eggs was compared by boiling and tasting a
few from each of the groups at the periodical
examinations. In the winter test, equally good
results were obtained with fertile and infertile
eggs. It was noticed that control eggs remained
fairly palatable till about 10-12 weeks, though
at this age they were much below the standard of
fresh, day-old eggs. The preserved ones, however,
only reached the same low stage of palatability
at the end of 20 weeks of storage.
During the summer test, the fertile eggs in
the control group were rejected as inedible,
even at the end of the first week, owing to embryo
development and the infertiles were found to be
only just edible at the end of two weeks. When
preserved, the fertile eggs were found to be very
poor in eating quality at the end of two weeks,
probably on account of embryo development,
A. J. MACDONALD AND T. S.
KRISHNAN
313
FIG. 2. Progressive changes in the interior quality of eggs during storage.
HAMID
KHAN
321
Kemmerer, G., Bovard, J. F. and Boorman, W. R.
(1923-24). North-Western lakes of the United States,
Biological and chemical studies with reference to possi-
bilities in production of fish. Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish.
Washington, 39, 51-140
Mookerjee, H. K. (1939). Report of the scheme for the
investigation of the life-history, bionomics and develop-
ment of fresh-water fishes of Bengal. Imperial Council
Agricult. Res. New Delhi, p. 7
Prashad, B. and Hora, S. L. (1936). A general review of
the probable larvivorous fishes of India. Rec. Mal.
Surv. India, 6, 4
Roy, D. N. (1938). On the control of malaria-mosquitoes
in Bengal by use of predaceous fish and on the habits
of two of them. .J. Mal. Inst. India 1, 405-16
Sen, P. (1937). On the food factors of the so-called mos-
quito destroying fishes of Bengal—Panchax panchax,
Barbus stigma, Esomus danr icus and Trichogaster fas-
ciatus. Current Sci. 7, 357-61
Sewell, R. B. S. and Chaudhuri, B. L. (1912). Indian
fish of proved utility as mosquito destroyers, pp. 1-24,
Thacker Spink & Co.,
* Calcutta
Stocks, H. B. (1932). Water analysis for sanitary and
technical purposes, pp. 37-43
Thomas, H. S. (1927). Tank fishing in India, pp. 1-120,
Second Edn., Charles, Griffin and Co., Ltd., London.
TABLE I
Feeding capacity of one specimen of each species of
larvivorous fish—Colisa lalia (Hamilton) and
Ambassis baculis (Hamilton), during 24 hours
Days of
experiment
1st day .
2nd day .
3rd day .
4th day .
5th day .
6th day .
7th day .
8th day .
9th day .
10th day .
11th day .
12th
day.
Tem-
pera-
ture
(ºF)
81
78
81
79
80
80
81
80
81
78
80
79
Total.
Species of fish
Coilsa lalia
number of
larvae
given
200
...
100
200
500
...
200
100
100
200
150
100
1,850
number of
larvae
eaten
142
58
100
200
280
220
200
78
100
168
134
98
1,778
Ambassis baculis
number of
larvae
given
200
150
100
200
500
...
200
200
100
200
...
...
1,850
number of
larvae
eaten
192
108
100
200
287
143
137
100
55
60
67
1,632
TABLE II
Feeding capacity of 3 specimens of each species o
larvivorous fish—Barbus (Puntius) sophore
(Hamilton) and Carassius auratus L., during 24
hours
Days of
experiment
1st day .
2nd day .
3rd day .
4th day .
5th day .
6th day .
7th day .
8th day .
9th day .
10th day .
11th day .
12th day .
13th day .
14th day .
15th day .
Total
Tem-
pera-
ture
(ºF)
72
74
75
76
75
78
81
80
81
79
74
76
78
77
78
Species of fish
Barbus (Puntius)
sophore
number of
larvae
given
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
4,500
number of
larvae
eaten
300
300
225
269
300
210
287
289
217
251
299
300
283
300
271
4,101
Carassius auratus
number of
larvae
given
300
300
300
400
450
450
450
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
6,650
number
larvae
eaten
289
169
300
220
450
450
450
479
481
491
497
500
471
500
491
6,238
322
Relative Value of Certain Larvivorous Fishes from the Punjab
TABLE
Monthly comparison of gut con
baculis and Barbus
Number of guts exa-
mined . . .
Gut contents—
Mosquito:
Eggs . . .
Larvae...
Crustacea:
Eggs . . .
Young and adult .
Diptera larvae . .
Colcoptera:
Larvae . . .
Adult . . .
Unidentified larvae .
Mollusea:
Eggs . . .
Young and adult .
Rotifers:
Eggs . . .
Young and adult .
Euglena . . .
Diatoms . . .
Mud, sand, gravel .
Algae, seeds, etc. . .
Population of mosquito
larvae per 4 sq. ft. sur-
face area . . .
Colisa lalia (Hamilton)
January
9
...
...
...
8-d
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
(3)
Nil
February
7
...
...
...
9-d
13
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
(1)
(1)
Nil
March
9
...
1
...
n
...
...
...
8
11
9
...
p
p
...
(3)
(4)
Nil
April
20
...
268
n
n
...
...
1
13
...
...
n
n
n
n
(2)
(4)
2
to
17
May
6
...
13
n
75
...
...
1
2
...
...
n
10
n
n
...
(3)
Nil
June
5
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
6
...
...
n
n
n
n
...
(1)
Nil
July
6
...
...
n
n
...
11
4
13
...
...
n
n
p
p
...
(4)
Nil
August
7
...
...
n
n
...
3
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
(1)
(4)
Nil
September
4
...
...
n
n
...
3
...
3
...
...
n
n
...
...
(3)
...
Nil
October
14
135
...
n
n
...
...
...
21
...
...
...
n
...
p
(9)
...
Nil
November
14
...
...
n
n
...
2
...
61
...
...
...
n
...
p
(12)
(4)
Nil
December
11
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
3
...
...
p
p
...
p
...
(4)
Nil
Total
112
135
282
n
n
13
19
6
135
11
9
n
n
p
p
(31)
(32)
...
Ambassis baculis (Hamilton)
January
4
...
...
...
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
118
2-d
...
p
...
...
Nil
February
5
...
3
...
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
March
9
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
5
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
(1)
Nil
April
12
...
78
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
(1)
(1)
2
to
17
May
6
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
5
...
...
n
n
...
...
(2)
...
Nil
June
3
...
2
n
n
...
...
..
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
(1)
(1)
Nil
p—indicates presence.
d—semi-digested remains.
n—numerous.
HAMID
KHAN
323
III
tents of Colisa lalia, Ambassis
(Puntius) sophore
July
7
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
August
10
...
...
n
n
3
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
September
9
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
October
15
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
November.
14
36
...
n
n
...
...
...
4
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
Nil
December
15
3
5
n
n
...
...
...
9
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
(4)
Nil
Total
109
39
88
n
n
...
...
...
99
...
...
n
n
...
...
(4)
(8)
Nil
Barbus (Puntius) Sophore (Hamilton)
January
4
...
...
...
...
3
...
...
28
...
...
...
...
...
...
(4)
(15)
...
February
4
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
(4)
(4)
Nil
March
7
...
1
...
d
...
...
...
...
...
...
p
...
...
...
(6)
(4)
Nil
April
16
...
4
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
p
p
n
n
(10)
(6)
Nil
May
5
...
...
...
p
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
n
n
(3)
(12)
2
to
17
June
9
...
...
p
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
n
n
...
(3)
Nil
July
6
...
...
p
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
(5)
(6)
Nil
August
5
...
...
p
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
p
p
n
n
(5)
(4)
Nil
September
3
...
...
n
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
n
n
...
...
(3)
(3)
Nil
October
14
...
...
p
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
p
p
...
...
(14)
(14)
Nil
November
14
...
...
p
n
...
...
...
...
...
...
p
P
...
...
(13)
(10)
Nil
December
15
...
...
p
p
...
...
...
5
...
...
...
...
...
n
(12)
(11)
Nil
Total
102
...
5
n
n
...
...
...
8
...
...
n
n
n
n
(79)
(77)
...
Remarks
The figures denote
the number of
organisms found
in the guts.
These figures de-
note the
num-
ber of guts.