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the general population are either entirely ignorant of its value or look
on it with disfavour. District health staffs will find ample scope for
their energy and activity in carrying on propaganda work on the subject
of plague inoculation. It should be brought to the daily notice of the
people by ocular demonstration on the streets, if necessary. It is of little
use asking the ordinary person to go to the hospital if he wishes to be
inoculated. He will listen, and then find he has neither time nor incli-
nation to go so far. Opportunities to be inoculated must be brought to
the individual at a time suitable to him, and this means a considerable
concentration of staff and effort if any success is to be attained. That
this method can bear fruit was demonstrated by the campaign carried
out in Madura town in 1921 by Co'lonel Harley and his assistants.
In the course of eighteen weeks, they were able to perform 79,745
inoculations out of a total population of 123,894. Special inoculation
campaigns should be started a month or more before the plague season
begins, and effort should be concentrated on the population resident in
areas which are liable to infection or which have been infected in previous
years.
25. B. Permanent Preventive Measures^—Permanent preventive
measures may be classed under five heads—(a) control over the location
of trades and industries which attract rats, (6) construction of rat-proof
and rat-free granaries, etc., (<?) conservancy, especially drainage, sullage
and disposal of rubbish and filth, (d} better housing and (e] protection of
railway premises.
26. (a) Location of'trades and industries.—There is reason to believe
that local bodies do not appreciate the responsibilities they undertake in
the issue of licences. They are apt to regard licences merely as a sort
of revenue which entail no obligations. This theory is quite wrong.
The grant of a licence under section 249 of the District Municipalities
Act, 1920, or 193 of the Local Boards Act, 192^, is intended to ensure
that certain classes of trades and industries which are dangerous to the
public safety or public health are brought under the control of a respons-
ible authority. In Schedule V of the District Municipalities Act and
Schedule VII of the Local Boards Act, these trades and industries are
specified, and the following items demand the particular attention of
the local health authorities who are responsible for rendering the areas
within their charge immune from plague—
(«) Washing soiled clothes and keeping soiled clothes for the
purposes of washing them, and washed clothes ;
(6) boiling paddy or camphor ;
(a) melting tallow or sulphur ;
(d) storing or otherwise dealing with manure, offal, blood, bonea,
rags, hides, fish, horns or skins ;
(e) washing or drying wool or hair ;
(/ ) making fish-oil ;
(#) making soap, dyeing, boiling or pressing oil, making bricks,
tiles, pottery or lime ;
(7i) manufacturing or distilling sago ; manufacturing artificial
manure ;
(j) keeping a public halting place, choultry or other rest-house
for travellers, a hotel restaurant, eating house, coffee house, etc. ;
(I) preparing flour or articles made of flour for human consump-
tion or sweetmeats ;
5