NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( iv )
No. 7.
Showing the daily average number employed to average Strength.
Cuttack
...
...
...
... ...
Dacca
...
...
...
...
...
Dullunda
...
...
...
... ...
Moydapore
...
...
... ... ...
Patna
...
...
...
...
...
Daily average Strength.
36
200
268
9
162
Daily average number
employed.
20.77
173.6
266
All employed.
125
No. 8.
Table of Expenses.
Dullunda ...
...
...
...
...
Moydapore
... ...
...
...
...
Dacca
... ... ... ... ...
Patna
...
...
...
...
...
Cuttack
...
...
...
...
...
TOTAL ...
Average yearly cost per
man, including establish-
ment, &c., for 1867.
Rs.
88
55
94
89
138
466
As.
0
4
8
9
11
0
P.
0
0
3
1
0
4
Average yearly cost per
man, including establish-
ment, &c., for 1868.
Rs.
86
88
96
63
135
470
As.
0
4
11
11
6
0
P.
0
1
5
4
0
10
No. 9.
Abstracts of the Admissions of the year 1868. The ages have been as follows for the five
Asylums in Bengal.
Male
...
...
...
Female ... ... ...
TOTAL ...
10 to 20
35
13
48
20 to 30
140
40
180
30 to 40
96
22
118
40 to 50
43
15
58
50 to 60
12
6
18
60 to 70
1
2
3
70 to 80
2
...
2
TOTAL.
329
98
427
( v )
REMARKS ON THE INSANE ASYLUMS UNDER THE GOVERNMENT OF
BENGAL FOR THE YEAR 1868.
DULLUNDA.—The Report is satisfactory, the daily average of insanes has
increased from 202 last year to 268, and the recoveries from 79 to 102, whilst
the mortality has diminished from 25.157 per cent. to 17.866 per cent on
the average strength. This improvement has been influenced by increased
accommodation and improved sanitary arrangements. The order and cleanliness
of the Asylum is highly satisfactory. The full employment of the inmates in
industrial works is very beneficial to their bodily health and mental recovery.
The passive restraint used on the violent lunatics is efficacious and unobjection-
able. The Institution is ably and zealously superintended by Dr. Payne, and
efficiently conducted by Overseer Bancroft. The Native Doctor is careless and
inefficient. He should be removed to a less responsible appointment,
MOYDAPORE—Has only 10 inmates; there have been no fresh admissions
during the year; it is contemplated to resuscitate the Institution.
DACCA.—There has been great want of accommodation in this Asylum,
which is in process of improvement. The crowded state of the Asylum acted
injuriously during the attack of cholera, particularly among the females, who
were most crowded, and where the mortality amounted to 41.176 per cent of the
strength, whilst amongst the males it amounted to 18.674 per cent. It would
have been advantageous to have removed the inmates to tents when the disease
persisted so fatally in the Asylum, and the wards could then have been
thoroughly disinfected. This should be done in any future attack in any of
the Lunatic Asylums. There is a slight falling-off in the number of inmates
from 210 to 200. There were 41 cured compared with 34 in last year, but there
was a considerable increase in the mortality from 16.666 to 22.500 per cent
caused by the attack of cholera. The employment of the lunatics in the
garden and the works is healthy, and the fortnightly nautch an innocent bene-
ficial amusement introduced by Dr. Wise.
It is to be hoped there will be no needless delay in completing the new
buildings, which appear to be advancing slowly.
PATNA.—The Report of this Asylum is very favorable. There has been
an increase of the inmates from 130 to 162 and a diminution of the mortality
from 12.3 to 3.681 per cent, whilst there has been an increase of recoveries from
16.923 to 47.531 per cent. This satisfactory medical result may fairly be attri-
butable to the increased accommodation, with the careful sanitary arrangements
and medical skill of Dr. Hutchinson. The free use of fresh limes very pro-
bably was beneficial, and the charcoal was harmless, if it did no good. His
observations on the action of gunjah are intelligent, and his representation
that it is a mistake to send the debauchees to an Insane Asylum when merely
suffering from narcotism is well founded. This is like sending a European
to a Lunatic Asylum, when suffering under delirium tremens. As in the
latter, so in the former disease, the victims should be sent to hospital, in the
dispensary, where separate rooms are available, otherwise to the Jail Hospital
( vi )
till cured. A separate building is not required as recommended by
Dr. Hutchinson.
Out of 623 in all the Asylums of which the cause of the insanity was ascer-
tained, more than half (332) were caused by gunjah. This must materially
influence the value of the statistical returns regarding the success of the
treatment.
The observation on the influence of the moon are curious; but I do not
coincide with his opinion that " there is no such thing as lunar influence on
the insanes," and which his own tabulated statement rather contradicts, there
being 89 influenced in the fortnight after the new, and only 35 after the full,
moon.
CUTTACK.—The Cuttack Asylum had an average of 36 inmates, of whom
8 were cured and 4 died. Improvements in the buildings are in progress,
and a new building for Europeans is progressing rapidly.
There is considerable difficulty in getting Asylum attendants on the
former pay, as the expenses of living have much increased of late years. The
increase required by Dr. Stewart appears reasonable and worthy of favorable
consideration.
There is a remarkable difference in the expenses for each inmate in the
different Asylums as shown by the following Table:—
ASYLUMS.
Dacca
...
...
...
...
Dullunda
...
...
...
...
Cuttack
...
...
...
...
Patna
...
...
...
...
Moydapore
...
...
...
...
Average
daily
Strength.
200.13
268.00
36.24
162.24
10.00
Total Expenditure.
Rs.
19,343
23,048
4,907
10,327
882
A.
8
0
5
7
9
P.
0
0
7
2
1
Expense of each
inmate.
Rs.
96
86
181
63
88
A.
11
0
5
11
8
Expense of diet
of
each inmate.
Rs.
48
42
35
26
21
A.
3
2
12
12
1
BHOWANIPORE.—The European Asylum is very satisfactorily superintend-
ed by Dr. Payne, and well managed by the Head Overseer and Matron, Mr.
and Mrs. DeVere. There were 34 remaining last year and 62 admitted and 1
re-admitted; of these 17 were cured and 3 died, and 45 sent to Europe. The
state of the main building is not safe. It is hoped that the contemplated
improvements will be promptly carried out.
I have the honor to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient Servant,
JOHN MURRAY,
Inspector-General of Hospitals,
Bengal Medical Department.
No. 44.
FROM
SURGEON MAJOR ARTHUR PAYNE, M. D.,
Superintendent of Asylums at the Presidency,
To
THE DEPY. INSPR. GENL. OF HOSPITALS,
PRESIDENCY CIRCLE.
FORT WILLIAM,
Dullunda, the 10th March 1869.
SIR,
I HAVE the honor of submitting herewith the several returns of
the Dullunda Lunatic Asylum, and of offering the following observations on
the facts which they set forth.
Admissions.—The aggregate of admissions and re-admissions does not differ
appreciably from that of last year; but the larger number remaining at the
close of 1867, and perhaps in some degree the method now employed of detain-
ing all recovered patients for discharge by the Visitors, have led to an increase
in the mean daily number of inmates, and affected the relation in which this
figure stands to the total number of individuals treated during the year.
From table 3 it will be seen that there has been a larger proportion of cases
of acute mania than in 1867. The distinction between this and the chronic
form has been, for the reason stated in my last report, based rather on the con-
dition of the person at the time of admission than on the duration of his symp-
toms, as throwing more light on the mortality of the year.
Of the causes of insanity information is, as usual, insufficient and unsatis-
factory ; smoking ganja predominates largely as before, and the proportion of
epileptics is high.
The proportion of the several creeds and sexes, as given in table 5, is very
uniform from year to year, and the same is true of the districts from which
the people come, Calcutta furnishing a number incomparably larger than any
other source.
Table 6, showing the previous occupation of the persons admitted in the
year, presents no feature of special interest.
The ratio per cent. of cures and transfers has risen on that of the previous
year from 25 to 29, a difference which may be traced to the increased proportion
of acute cases with their greater disposition to recovery.
There were 48 deaths during the year. The immediate cause in each case
is given in table No. 12. The several fatal conditions correspond with peculiar
closeness with those of the year 1867, the larger proportion of instances of
nervous exhaustion being due to the number of cases of acute mania, to which
form of insanity the risk of such exhaustion particularly belongs.
( 3 )
The difference in contingencies, whereby the figure is nearly double that
of 1867, has arisen from the introduction of brass plates for eating, the
substitution of iron tanks for earthen vessels for storing water, and the new
arrangements for the latrines.
Clothing, bedding, &c., exhibit such difference as the numbers have made
necessary.
Notwithstanding that the industrial profits of 1867 greatly exceeded those
of earlier years, they have been surpassed by those of 1868. In the former year,
excluding the sum of Rs. 4,437 as estimated value of buildings, &c., erected and
Rs. 487 credited as remaining due by the Agra Bank, the money actually
received for work and produce of various kinds amounted to Rs. 3,444. This
year it is Rs. 6,541. The survey report on building work shall be submitted as
soon as it can be obtained. The Executive Engineer has, from pressure of work,
been unable to depute an officer to measure and appraise it hitherto.
The amount will be small, as the chief items composing it are new work-
sheds, which were not completed when the year closed, and which will therefore
appear in the reckoning of the current year. These new buildings, which the
enlarging scale of work has rendered indispensable, have absorbed all the
available money, and led to delay in re-paying the loan of Rs. 3,000 which
was obtained from the Government during the year (on 29th October 1868) for
the purposes of the oil manufacture, and expended in the purchase of seed.
Similarly I have not been able, as I otherwise should have been, to commence
crediting to Government the amount received for maintenance of certain patients
from their friends. I hope the circumstances may save me from censure for
the continuance of this irregularity.
In letter No. 1944, dated 21st April 1868, His Honor the Lieutenant
Governor expressed a desire for the submission of accounts showing the manner
in which the funds had been expended. Such accounts have been prepared and
appended to the annual tables.
General treatment and management. —Under this head I have nothing of
novelty to bring forward. The same medicinal remedies have been used with
the same results as in former years. Vaccination has been practised in every
case. There has been no instance of small-pox in the Asylum.
So much has been said and written of late years respecting the treatment
of lunatics without personal restraint, and popular feeling has been so largely
enlisted in its favor, that non-restraint has given its name to the modern system,
and has come to be an expression for every thing that is kind and humane,
while all that savours of restraint is condemned in the popular mind, as belong¬
ing to an age of barbarism. So much of real cruelty was practised in former
years under pretence of needful restraint, that a little extravagance in the
opposite direction was natural as a step towards a just balance.
( 5 )
of the Asylum is what it is, and that regular labour is accompanied by improve-
ment in discipline and health. And it is in a great measure due to his temper
and judgment in the control of the native establishment, that the fair wages
sanctioned in 1868 have not failed to draw a very superior class of men to the
place and made the service to be earnestly sought after. Unfortunately he is
greatly hampered by the office work that is thrown on him by the great variety
of labour now carried out, and the multitude of petty cash transactions during
the day. Work of this nature it is unsatisfactory to entrust to a native clerk, or
there would be no difficulty in relieving the Overseer. Of the native doctor I
have little to say that is favorable. Instead of assisting the Overseer in many
matters which, though not strictly medical, might reasonably be cared for by so
well paid a subordinate, he adds to the work of supervision by neglecting his
own proper duty whenever he has an opportunity.
I have the honor to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient Servant,
ARTHUR PAYNE, M. D., Surgeon Major,
Superintendent of Asylums at the Presidency.
No. 2.
Abstract of Annual Return.
SEXES.
Male ...
Female ...
TOTAL ...
Remaining
1st January
1868.
202
46
248
Admitted for
the first
time.
118
55
173
Re-admitted.
23
...
23
Total
remaining,
admitted, re-
admitted.
343
101
444
Cured.
84
18
102
Improved,
transferred to
friends.
21
6
27
Died.
31
17
48
Remaining
31st December
1868.
207
60
267
Average daily number inmates through the year
...
...
Ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto sick.
...
...
...
Influence by the moon
...
...
...
Ratio per cent. of cures and transfers (on actual strength)
...
Ratio per cent. of mortality
(
ditto
)
Ratio per cent. of death on daily average strength
...
268.665
10.77
0.
29.05
10.81
17.91
2
( 6 )
No. 3.
Abstract of Annual Return of Patients treated in the Lunatic Asylum during the year 1868,
showing the nature of insanity.
NATURE OF INSANITY.
Mania, acute
...
...
Mania, chronic, ...
...
Melancholia ... ...
Dementia from protracted mania
Observation ... ...
Delusional insanity ...
Dementia, imbecility ...
TOTAL ...
Remaining
31st Dec.
1867.
107
95
1
30
3
3
9
248
Admitted
during
1868.
91
80
...
10
5
...
10
196
Total.
198
175
1
40
8
3
19
444
Males.
171
120
1
30
6
2
13
343
Females.
27
55
...
10
2
1
6
101
TOTAL.
198
175
1
40
8
3
19
444
No. 4.
Return showing the attributed causes of Mental Disease in the Insanes under treatment during
the year 1868.
Remaining 31st
December 1867.
248
Admitted during
1868.
196
TOTAL.
444
PHYSICAL CAUSE.
Epilepsy.
20
Ganja.
123
Liquor
drinking.
19
Master¬
bation.
...
Opium.
1
Organic
disease.
...
...
...
MORAL CAUSE.
Grief.
...
Cause unknown.
281
TOTAL.
444
No. 5.
Return showing the Religion and Sex of Patients admitted during the year 1868, with the
zillahs from which they were received.
ZILLAHS.
Bhaugulpore
...
...
Bograh ... ...
Burdwan
...
Barrackpore
...
Beerbhoom
...
Bancoorah
...
...
Berhampore
...
Calcutta
...
Chyebassa ... ...
Dinagepore
...
...
Hooghly ... ...
Howrah
...
Jessore
... ...
...
Moorshedabad ...
...
Maunbhoom
... ...
Midnapore
...
...
Nuddea
... ...
Pubnah
... ...
Presidency Jail ... ...
24-Pergunnahs ... ...
Rajshahye
...
...
Rungpore
... ...
Raneegunge
...
...
TOTAL ...
HINDOO.
Male.
1
1
4
1
2
1
1
42
1
1
2
2
6
8
...
1
...
1
2
6
1
1
2
87
Female.
...
1
...
...
...
...
23
...
...
3
2
1
1
2
...
1
1
...
...
1
...
37
MUSSULMAN.
Male.
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
20
...
1
1
1
10
2
...
...
1
...
4
2
...
4
...
48
Female.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
10
...
...
1
...
2
1
...
1
...
1
1
...
...
...
...
17
CHRISTIAN.
Male.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
..
...
...
...
6
Female.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
TOTAL.
Male.
1
1
4
1
2
1
3
68
1
2
3
3
16
10
...
1
1
1
6
8
1
5
2
141
Female.
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
34
...
...
4
2
3
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
...
1
...
55
GRAND TOTAL.
1
1
5
1
2
1
3
102
1
2
7
5
19
12
2
2
2
3
7
9
1
6
2
196
( 7 )
No. 6.
Return showing the trade or occupation of those admitted in 1868.
Trade or Occupation.
Ayah ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Barbers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Boatman ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Bearer ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cooks ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Clerks ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Constable ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Fishermen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Husbandmen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Housewives ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Khitmutgars ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Kalasee ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Milkmen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Matman ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Milkwomen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Native Doctor ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Oil-manufacturer ... ... ... ...
Painter ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Prostitute ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Sweepers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Tinman ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Tailors ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Servants ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Teacher
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Sailor
...
...
...
...
...
...
..
Shopkeepers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Unknown ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Washerman ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Weavers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Beggars ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Mettranees
... ... ... ... ... ... ...
TOTAL ...
Males.
......
2
1
1
2
3
1
2
2
....
2
1
2
1
......
1
2
1
......
3
1
4
4
1
1
7
84
1
4
7
......
141
Females.
1
......
......
......
......
......
......
2
......
46
......
......
......
......
2
......
......
......
1
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
2
55
No. 7.
Of the admissions of the year 1868, the ages have been as follows :—
SEXES.
Males ... ... ...
Females ... ...
TOTAL ..
From
10 to 20.
19
6
25
From
20 to 30.
73
27
100
From
30 to 40.
33
10
43
From
40 to 50.
14
10
24
From
50 to 60.
1
...
1
From
60 to 70.
...
2
2
From
70 to 80.
1
...
1
TOTAL.
141
55
196
No 8.
Causes of Mortality and duration of confinement at period of death.
DISEASES.
Asthenia
...
...
...
...
Dysentery, Acute...
...
...
...
Ditto, Chronic
...
...
...
Diarrhœa ... ... ... ...
Drowned
...
...
... ...
Epilepsy ... ... ... ...
Exhaustion of Mania
... ... ...
Fracture of ribs, sternum ... ... ...
Phthisis
...
...
...
...
Rupture of Spleen ...
... ...
Tetanus
...
... ... ...
TOTAL ...
Number
of
death.
26
1
1
4
1
1
10
1
1
1
1
48
See detailed Mortuary Return.
Duration of Confinement.
( 8 )
No. 9.
Annual expenditure incurred on account of the Lunatic Asylum, Dullunda,for the year 1868.
Establishment ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Dieting ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Contingencies ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Bazaar Medicines
...
...
..
...
...
...
...
Clothing, Bedding, &c.
...
...
...
...
...
TOTAL
...
Rs.
8,364
11,296
2,322
34
1,032
23,048
A.
0
0
0
0
0
0
P.
0
0
0
0
0
0
Daily average number of persons
...
...
...
...
Average yearly cost per man
...
...
...
...
268
Rs. 86
No. 10.
Statement of Profits of Lahor of Lunatics in the Dullunda Asylum for 1868.
Nature of Occupation.
Garden produce...
...
...
Castor-oil manufacture
...
...
Mustard-oil manufacture ...
...
Maintenance paid by friends of patients ...
Soorky-making ...
...
Stone-breaking ...
...
Weaving and spinning
...
...
Tailoring ... ... ...
Petty repairs to Asylum for Department
Public Works and sale of hard ware,
&c.,from Work-shop
...
...
TOTAL OF PROFITS ABOVE
Various work executed as detailed in
Form No. 11...
GRAND TOTAL VALUE OF LUNATIC LABOR
FOR 1868
Amount.
Rs.
514
2,679
A.
1
9
P.
8
5
......
633
1,083
91
188
30
1,319
6,541
1
14
6
8
14
12
4
0
3
9
6
9
0
4
REMARKS.
Exclusive of Rs. 1,814, value of stock on hand on
31st December 1868.
Rs. 376, value of stock on hand 31st December 1868.
Manufacture of mustard-oil commenced on 1st
October.
Exclusive of Rs. 816, value of Soorky expended
in buildings not yet finished.
Commenced stone-breaking on 22nd of last October.
Exclusive of Rs. 90-4, value of stock on hand, 31st
December 1868.
Daily average number of lunatics in confinement ...
...
...
Ditto
ditto
ditto
employed
...
...
...
...
268
266
No. 11.
Abstract of Estimated Value of Lunatic Lahor for which no payment is recovered for 1868.
Nature of Work.
Irrigation masonry drain for garden...
Amount.
REMARKS.
( 9 )
No. 12.
Detailed Return of Fatal Cases.
NAME.
Koylas Chunder ...
Gopaul Tellee ...
Deepto Ch. Bogchee
Wallee Mahamud ...
Haniff ...
Kurman Sheikh ...
Toolshee Koormee...
Kallachund ...
Sheikh Kajai ...
Groo Churn
...
Runnoah ...
Allabux
...
Tarimahamud ...
Modhoo
...
Unknown (106) ...
Kally Muddy ...
Alluck C. Murwary
Tomiz Biswas ...
Pauchoo Koormy ...
Oghur Dutt ...
Nabokant Doss ...
Joreeboollah ...
Mental
Disease ...
Dementia ...
M. Chronic..
Dementia ...
M. Chronic..
M. Acute ...
M. Chronic..
M. Acute ...
M. Chronic..
M. Acute ...
M. Acute ...
M. Chronic.
M. Acute ...
M. Acute ...
M. Acute ...
M. Chronic.
M. Chronic.
M. Acute ...
M. Chronic.
M. Chronic.
M. Acute ...
M. Acute ...
M. Acute ...
Cause of Death
Phthisis ...
Asthenia ...
Asthenia ...
Asthenia ...
C. Dysentery...
Asthenia, Ner-
vous Exhaus-
tion.
Asthenia ...
Asthenia ...
Asthenia ...
Diarrhœa, As-
thenia.
Asthenia, Chro-
nic Bronchi-
tis.
Exhaustion of
Mania.
Asthenia ...
Exhaustion of
Mania,
C.
Dysentery.
Asthenia, Ner-
vous Exhaus-
tion.
Fracture
of
Ribs.
Exhaustion of
Mania.
Asthenia, Ab-
scess.
Tetanus ...
Nervous
Ex-
haustion.
Asthenia ...
Nervous
Ex-
haustion.
Duration of
Confine-
ment.
2,750
2,144
1,709
814
554
403
296
276
118
255
319
4
20
91
38
25
13
86
218
12
85
64
District from
whence
received.
M. 24-Per¬
gunnahs.
M. Baraset..
M. Seram¬
pore.
Calcutta ...
Bograh ...
Govt. Bengl.
M. Moor¬
shedabad.
M. Jessore..
Calcutta ...
„
...
Alipore ...
Calcutta ...
M. Jessore..
Calcutta ...
M.
Moor¬
shedabad.
M. Jessore...
Calcutta ...
M. Jessore...
Presidy. Jail
Calcutta ...
M. Dinage¬
pore.
M. Kooshtea
Birth-place.
Hooghly.
Unknown
Serampore
Cabul.
Unknown.
Dinapore.
Moorshed¬
abad.
Unknown
„
Nuddea...
Meerut ...
Unknown
„
Midnapore
Unknown
„
Bikaneer..
Unknown
Pubna ...
Unknown
„
„
REMARKS.
A cachectic condition for
years.
Anœmia lymphatieo was
the condition which
proved fatal.
Chronic epileptic fits ex-
hausted him.
Emphysema of lung.
Admitted in a low coapeo¬
tic state.
Very ill on admission,
with difficulty
kept
alive, and never regained
strength.
Never recovered the ex-
haustion he showed on
admission.
Admitted in a state of
extreme emaciation and
debility.
Chronic dysentery dis-
covered shortly after
admission.
Thin and weak on admis-
sion ; never recovered.
Died of injuries received
before arrival.
Kept alive with difficulty ;
fed by stomach-pump
from admission.
Exhausted by abscesses
chiefly, which commen-
ced on admission.
In hospital for sores and
debility from admission.
Death imminent on ad-
mission, temporary.
Emaciated and feeble on
admission.
Sank after a severe ma-
niacal outbreak.
3