NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
iii
Table no.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI-A
VI-B
VI-C
VII
VIII
IX
X
LIST OF APPENDICES
Statistics of mortality from contagious diseases and other
causes among live-stock.
Summary of results of preventive inoculation
..
Statement showing the number of animals treated and
castrated at the veterinary hospitals and dispensaries.
Statement showing the number of animals treated and
castrated by veterinary assistant surgeons on tour.
Statistics of castrations and treatment performed
..
Statement showing the numbers of approved bulls at
stud.
Statement showing the numbers of approved male buffa-
loes at stud.
Statement showing numbers of approved Horse and
Donkey stallions at stud.
Abstract of particulars regarding cattle fairs and shows
Statistics
of live-stock slaughtered in recognizee
slaughter-houses.
Statement showing cost of Civil Veterinary Department
Statement showing total strength of subordinate veteri-
nary staff employed.
Pages
17
18 to 27
28 and 29
30 and 31
32 and 33
34
35
36
37 and 38
39 and 40
41
42
Annual Report of the Civil Veterinary Department,
United Provinces for the year 1938-39
CHAPTER I
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
1. I held charge of the department throughout the year and was
on tour for 223 days, visiting 72 veterinary hospitals and dispensaries
and 14 stallion stands in 31 districts. I visited the Imperial Veterinary
Research Institute, Mukteswar, in May, 1938, and the Government
Cattle Farms at Bharari, district Jhansi, and Madhurikund, district
Muttra, in August and September, 1938, respectively. I visited Poona
to purchase stallions for the improvement of horse-breeding industry
in the province. I attended the meeting of the Advisory Board of
the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research at New Delhi in Novem-
ber, 1938. I also attended the Animal Husbandry Wing meeting of
the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and the All-India Cattle
Show at New Delhi in February, 1939, and acted as a judge in award-
ing prizes. I paid a visit to the Imperial Veterinary Serum Institute
at Izatnagar, district Bareilly, and made frequent visits to the Stallion
Depot at Moradabad. I organized one-day horse-shows in Hardoi,
Saharanpur, Bareilly and Shahjahanpur districts, where I judged
animals and awarded prizes to the progeny of Government stallions
and brood mares. I also visited Mr. Slater's farm twice during the
year and acted as a judge on the occasion of the goat and poultry show
held at that Institute. In the last week of March, 1939, I proceeded to
Patna to join the Board of Examiners of the Bihar Veterinary College.
2. The touring and inspection work done by the three Circle Su-
perintendents of the department is as follows :
Circle Superintendents
S. S. S. Udam Singh, officiating Superin-
tendent, Civil Veterinary Department,
Agra, from 1st April to 16th August,
1938.
Mr. T. S. Davies, Superintendent, Civil
Veterinary Department, Agra, from
17th August, 1938 to 31st March, 1939.
Mr. Mohammad Tahir Mirza, Superinten-
dent, Civil Veterinary Department,
Allahabad, from 1st April to 15th Sep-
tember, 1938.
S. S. S. Udam Singh, officiating Su-
perintendent, Civil Veterinary De-
partment, Allahabad, from 16th Sep-
tember, 1938 to 31st March, 1939.
Mr. Syed Salman Hasan Naqvi, officiating
Superintendent, Civil Veterinary De-
partment, Lucknow, from 1st April,
1938 to 31st March, 1939.
Number of
days on
tour
53
107
94
99
188
Number of
veterinary
dispen-
saries ins-
pected
24
24
38
33
60
Number of
fairs and
shows
attended
1
4
2
4
4
Number of
stallion,
stands
inspected
3
6
8
6
12
(2)
Mr. T. S. Davies was on leave out of India up to 16th August, 1938.
During his absence on leave the charge of the Agra Circle was held by
S. S. S. Udam Singh in addition to his own duties as Officiating Veteri-
nary Investigation Officer, United Provinces.
Mr. Mohammad Tahir Mirza, Superintendent, Allahabad Circle,
retired on 16th September, 1938, and S. S. S. Udam Singh held charge
of the Circle up to the end of the year. He also continued as Veteri-
nary Investigation Officer, United Provinces, until relieved by Pandit
Gajanan Pande on 14th January, 1939.
3. During the period of his incumbency as Officiating Veterinary
Investigation Officer, United Provinces, from 1st April, 1938 to 13th
January, 1939, S. S. S. Udam Singh remained on tour for 51 days,
visiting 15 districts, in connexion with investigation in the treatment
of different animal diseases. He paid special attention to the curative
and prophylactic chemotherapy of surra in equines with naganol, also
to rinderpest, sheep and goat-pox and contagious abortion in bovines.
Pandit Gajanan Pande took on the duties of Veterinary Investigation
Officer, United Provinces, on 14th January, 1939, on transfer from
Assam; he was on tour for 23 days up to the end of the year visiting 11
districts. His attention was confined to the immunization of cattle
and buffaloes against rinderpest with goat tissue virus attenuated
with chloroform vapour, acute paramphistomiasis in cattle and goats,
contagious abortion in goats, goat-pox and Ranikhet disease in fowls.
He attended the third Animal Husbandry Wing meeting of the Im-
perial Council of Agricultural Research at Delhi in February, 1939.
CHAPTER II
TREATMENT OF DISEASES
Contagious diseases
Mortality. Table I.
4. Epidemics among live-stock were severe during the year, the
reported mortality from contagious diseases
increased from 33,992 to 44,992, rinderpest and
haemorrhagic septicaemia being responsible for the increase.
5. Deaths from other causes numbered 4,855 as against 5,287
in the preceding year.
(a) Equines
Table I.
6. The death roll under this head was 445 as compared with 604
in the previous year.
(3)
Glanders.
four cases of glanders were detected in the districts of Dehra
Dun and Cawnpore. The animals were des-
troyed and necessary precautionary measures
taken.
Surra (equines and
camels).
Considerable attention was paid to this disease and treatment
was carried on with necessary modifications
applicable in each case. The surra season was,
however, healthier this year than in the past
due to the paucity of rains in the Western districts of the province.
The details are as follows:
Name of district
1. Muttra .. ..
2. Etah .. ..
3. Saharanpur .. ..
4. Muzaffarnagar ..
5. Dehra Dun .. ..
6. Meerut .. ..
7. Bulandshahr
8. Aligarh .. ..
9. Etawah .. ..
10. Mainpuri .. ..
11. Jalaun .. ..
12. Naini Tal
.. ..
13. Bareilly
14. Garhwal .. ..
15. Hardoi .. ..
16. Rae Bareli .. ..
17. Kheri .. ..
18. Partabgarh .. ..
19. Gorakhpur .. ..
20. Gonda .. ..
21. Allahabad
.. ..
22. Fatehpur .. ..
Name of treatment centre
Surir .. ..
Etah .. ..
Saharanpur .. ..
Deoband .. ..
Muzaffarnagar .. ..
Jansath .. ..
Shamli .. ..
Dehra Dun .. ..
Saiyah .. ..
Choharpur .. ..
Meerut .. ..
Ghaziabad .. ..
Bulandshahr .. ..
Aligarh .. ..
Khair .. ..
Mahewa .. ..
Mainpuri
.. ..
Shikohabad .. ..
Orai .. ..
Naini Tal .. ..
Rasmnagar .. ..
Kashipur .. ..
Baheri .. ..
Dogadda .. ..
Hardoi .. ..
Salon .. ..
Lakhimpur .. ..
Baiti .. ..
Patti .. ..
Gorakhpur Sadar .. ..
Balrampur .. ..
Sarsa .. ..
Fatehpur Sadar .. ..
Total ..
Number of cases
treated
2
2
22
1
1
14
102
2
39
18
12
27
19
86
1
1
1
7
2
24
21
8
3
53
21
5
4
2
4
2
1
6
2
515
Authrax.
Nine cases of deaths from anthrax were reported during the year,
of which 6 were from Banda and 3 from Sita-
pur district.
(4)
Other contagious
diseases.
One hundred and six deaths were reported under this head as
compared with 112 in the previous year, these in-
cluded piroplasmosis, tetanus and other parasitic
diseases.
Other causes.
Under this head 254 deaths were reported as against 246 in the
preceding year.
(6) Bovines
Rinderpest. Table I.
7. The mortality reported from this disease was 27,360 as com-
pared with 17,288 in the previous year. No dis-
trict in the province was free, but the highest
number of deaths was reported from Meerut District where 2,451
deaths occurred of which 1,505 were buffaloes.
Anti-rinderpest ino-
culations. Table II.
8. Inoculations against rinderpest were undertaken in 1,947 out-
breaks during the year as against 1,121 in the
previous year.
The details are as follows:
(1) Serum alone inoculations ..
(2) Tissue virus inoculations
(3) Scarification method of inoculation ..
(4) Serum simultaneous inoculations
Total
24,307
279,192
5,761
6,831
316,091
The tissue virus method of inoculation was adopted as a matter of
routine except in the hill districts or in localities where severe reactions
were feared.
The scarification method of inoculation with macerated chloro-
formed and unchloroformed goat tissue virus was tried in natural
outbreaks of rinderpest in certain districts and in the Government
Cattle Farm at Hempur, district Naini Tal. The method is simple and
the results obtained are encouraging, further experiments with this
method are in progress.
Haemorrhagic
Septi-
caemia. Tables I and II.
9. Twelve thousand and two deaths were reported from this
disease compared with 6,339 in the previous year.
The disease prevailed throughout the province
except in the Almora District, where no deaths
were recorded. The mortality was the highest in the Bulandshahr
District where there were 677 cases.
Immunization was carried out as follows:
(1) By serum alone
(2) By vaccine
..
.. ..
.. ..
Total
.. 126,012
.. 68,793
.. 194,805
(5)
Foot and Month disease.
Table I.
10. The disease was reported from 41 districts with a death roll
of 703 against 1,176 in the last year. Curative
methods and hygienic measures were adopted
with beneficial results.
Blackquarter. Tables.
I and II.
11. One thousand one hundred and twenty-five cases of deaths
were reported from 33 districts as against 390
cases in the previous year. The number of
inoculations performed was as follows:
(a) By serum alone
(b) By vaccine ..
.. ..
.. ..
Total
.. 21,094
.. 230
.. 21,324
Anthrax. Tables I and
II.
12. The disease appeared in 25 districts with a mortality of 998
as compared with 703 in the last year. The
mortality was highest in the Basti District in
which the recorded number was 344. The num-
ber of inoculations carried out was as follows:
(1) By serum alone
(2) By spore vaccine
.. ..
.. ..
Total
.. 8,279
.. 290
.. 8,569
Surra. Table I.
13. One hundred and thirty-seven cases of deaths were reported
from this disease in 9 districts of the province
as against 162 in the year preceding. The
highest number recorded was 81 in the Gorakhpur District.
Other
contagious
diseases. Table 1.
14. Six hundred and seventy-five animals were reported to have
died under this head as against 1,078 in the
previous year. The cases included pleuro-
pneumonia and liver fluke etc.
Other causes. Table I.
15. Deaths due to causes other than contagious diseases, as
far as could be recorded, numbered 2,685 as
against 3,203 in the last year.
(c) Other animals
Table I.
16. The number of deaths due to contagious diseases among
animals other than equines and bovines was
as follows:
(1) Sheep ..
(2) Goats ..
(3) Dogs ..
(4) Camels ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
Total
.. 649
.. 368
.. 749
.. 3.5
.. 1,801
The mortality due to causes other than from contagious diseases
numbered 1,916 as against 1,838 in the preceding year.
(6)
Animals slaughtered.
Table VIII.
17. The number of animals slaughtered at the different slaughter-
houses controlled by the Municipal and Canton-
ment Boards was 1,080,982 during the year as
against 1,192,488 in the previous year.
CHAPTER III
Non-contagious diseases
Table III.
18. The number of cases treated at the veterinary hospitals and
dispensaries during the year was 529,761 as
against 497,832 in the year preceding. The cases
supplied with medicines but not brought to hospitals numbered 85,940
compared with 70,902 in the last year.
Tables III and IV.
19. The number of cases treated by veterinary assistant surgeons
while on tour was 113,253 as against 82,366 in
the previous year. Emasculation of scrub bulls
by scientific methods of castration numbered 125,571 compared with
123,004 in the preceding year.
Cattle poisoning.
20. Twelve cases of poisoning of animals were reported from the
districts of Muzaffarnagar, Bulandshahr, Agra,
Etah and Gorakhpur. The one from Anupshahr
in Bulandshahr District was a case of poisoning an elephant. The
accused persons have been dealt with legally.
CHAPTER IV
VETERINARY HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES
Veterinary hospitals
and dispensaries. Table
III.
21. At the commencement of the year there were 187 veterinary
hospitals and dispensaries. Four hospitals were
opened during the year at Ramnagar (district
Sultanpur), Sisauli (district Muzaffarnagar),
Sardhana (district Meerut), and Iglas (district
Aligarh). A veterinary dispensary was opened at Haldwani (district
Naini Tal) under the charge of the veterinary inspector in the jurisdic-
tion of the Tarai and Bhabar Government Estates. The total number
at the close of the year was 192.
Grants-in-aid for con-
struction of veterinary
hospitals.
22. Contributions were made to the following local boards during
the year for the construction or improvement of
veterinary hospital buildings:
(1) Saharanpur.
(2) Bareilly.
(3) Hamirpur.
(4) Garhwal.
(5) Kheri.
(6) Gonda.
(7) Jalaun.
(7)
CHAPTER V
LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL WORK
Laboratory work.
23. One thousand one hundred and forty-seven smears were
microscopically examined at the central and circle
laboratories during the year. The materials
vere from bacteriological, pathological and helminthological cases
obtained from different species of animals throughout the province.
A summary of the results is given below:
Laboratory
Lucknow. .
Agra ..
Allahabad
..
..
..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
Total ..
Positive
58
91
41
190
Negative
523
322
112
957
Total
581
413
153
1,147
Some interesting specimens and parasites received have been pre-
served and added to the laboratory museums. Histopathological
cases were sent to the Mukteswar laboratory for examination, and
parasites for classification to the officer in charge of the Helminthiasis
Scheme in the Lucknow University.
Anti-rabic treatment.
24. Thirty-seven in-contact cases were dealt with as outdoor patients
at the Isolation Wards, Lucknow, and given
anti-rabic treatment. Thirteen cases were kept
under observation, of which eight developed rabies and died, three were
destroyed at the request of the owners and two were discharged after
anti-rabic treatment had been completed.
Experiments and in-
vestigation on diseases.
25. Experimental work was conducted at the Central Laboratory,
Lucknow, on further attenuating the goat tissue
virus by treating the macerated goat spleen
tissue with chloroform vapour, with a view to
its use for immunization of buffaloes against rinderpest by scarification
method on the inner surface of the car.
A separate experiment on the use of "macerated but unchloro-
formed spleen tissue vaccine alone" by scarification method in plains
cattle has been designed. As this method of vaccination of cattle and
buffaloes aims at the introduction of the virus intra-dermally, a small
experiment was designed at Hempur Government Cattle Farm, where
a few animals were given intra-dermal injection of 0 .5 c.c. of goat
(8)
tissue virus emulsified in 0.5 per cent. saline. Both the chloroformed
and the unchloroformed vaccines are being subjected to extensive trials
by scarification method at the actual scene of outbreak of the disease
at various places in the province.
An atypical type of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia was observed at the
Madhurikund Cattle Farm, Muttra, among the suckling buffalo calves
accounting for heavy losses. The diagnosis of the condition was ren-
dered difficult in the beginning. Microscopic examination of the material
showed bipolar organisms which were confirmed for pasteurellosis by
Mukteswar. As ordinary anti-haemorrhagic septicaemia serum was
helpful in subsiding the trouble for a short period only, special haemorr-
hagic septicaemia vaccine was injected with beneficial results. A
similar trouble arose at the R. E. I. Dairy, Dayalbagh, Agra, which was
strongly suspected by the dairy authorities for malicious poisoning.
Examination of morbid material at the departmental laboratory at
Agra and subsequent confirmation by the Mukteswar authorities proved
that the trouble was due to pasteurellosis. The disease stopped after
repeated serumization of the herd at regular intervals.
Experiments designed to ascertain a single minimum dose of Naganol
as prophylactic against surra in equines were conducted again during
the year. It was observed that a single dose of I gram of the drug
was found to give protection against surra to horses and mules
during the surra season. This confirms the last year's findings, but as
the disease prevailed in a milder form this year also, it is intended to
repeat the experiment next year for further confirmation of the results.
Experiments on anthrax spore vaccine recently introduced by
the Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, for use in
cattle and sheep have been conducted on a small scale and the results
are awaited.
A peculiar trouble suspected to be a cutaneous form of rinderpest
was observed amongst young stock of buffaloes at the Government
Cattle Farm, Bharari, Jhansi. It was confined to young buffaloes and
the Hissar herd remained free from the disease. Inoculation with goat
tissue virus reduced the incidence in one of the three herds, but the
disease kept on lingering in two of the herds. The material sent to the
Mukteswar Institute proved negative for rinderpest and pox. No
constant and specific lesions of any etiological significance were seen
and the material was also negative for coccidiosis. The investigation
will be pursued on the occurrence of the trouble in future.
Samples of serum from the cattle of the Agricultural Institute,
Allahabad, and from six cows of a local gowala of Aallahabad were sub-
jected to agglutination test for evidence of infection with the common
causal organism of contagious bovine abortion, namely, brucella abortus,
and with the exception of one cow which proved positive in the first
(9)
herd the rest proved negative. Samples of serum from 152 goats were
collected from the Goat Breeding Farm, Etah, for agglutination test
against brucella abortus (Bang) and brucella melitensis. Results
revealed only two reactors for both brucella abortus and brucella meli-
tensis.
At the Government Cattle Farm, Manjhra, district Kheri, three
cows showing absence of oestrum for varying periods after calving were
successfully treated with hormone obtained from pregnant cows.
At the close of the year a number of casualties occurred amongst
the Hissar cattle migrated from the Punjab and which were located
at Mowana in Meerut District. Investigation furnished overwhelming
evidence of helminthic trouble due to immature forms of paramphis-
tomes, but malnutrition, mineral and other deficiencies were also res-
ponsible for the onset of the condition. Post mortem materials from
some of the animals that had succumbed have been submitted to
Mukteswar for examination and report.
At Bhadri, in Partabgarh District, a similar affection was reported
amongst calves. The clinical symptoms were identical and post mor-
tem examinations revealed the same immature amphistomes attached
to the mucosa of the stomach and intestines.
Encouraged by the vaccination of sheep last year, certain owners
of flocks at Kosi (Muttra) voluntarily offered their sheep for prophylactic
vaccination which was carried out with vaccine obtained from the
Mysore Serum Institute.
A typical outreak of sheep-pox was noticed at the Agricultural
Institute, Allahabad. Segregation measures were adopted and healthy
in-contact animals were subjected to prophylactic vaccination with the
vaccine obtained from the Mysore Institute.
Goat-pox again occurred at the Goat Breeding Farm, Etah, and
vaccination with a vaccine newly prepared at Mukteswar was experi-
mentally conducted. An outbreak of the same disease was observed
at the Raja Sahib of Bhadri's Farm, Partabgarh. The scrapings for-
warded to Mukteswar proved positive for goat-pox.
Another
outbreak of goat-pox was investigated in Chakrata, district Dehra Dun.
Scabs and pustular materials from these cases have been sent to the
Mukteswar Institute for biological test of the virus.
Acute paramphistomiasis in goats was investigated in Mowai,
district Bareilly. Inquiries revealed that several owners had lost
their entire herds. The clinical symptoms consisted of diarrhoea,
emaciation and the presence of oedematous swelling in the region of
the throat. Post mortem materials from these cases have been sent
to Mukteswar Institute for examination and report. On account of the
immature form of parasites anti-helminthic treatment of a few clinical
cases did not prove successful.
(10)
Prophylactic vaccination against sheep-pox was repeated during the
year in the flocks vaccinated in the preceding year at Kosi Kalan,
district Muttra.
Doyle's disease, known as Ranikhet disease among poultry was
investigated at Baheri, district Bareilly, and the United Provinces
Poultry Association Farm, Lucknow. Post mortem materials from
both the outbreaks forwarded to Mukteswar Institute confirmed the
diagnosis as Ranikhet disease. At the United Provinces Poultry As-
sociation Farm, control measures being possible, the outbreak was
checked by means of segregation, destruction of diseased birds and
disinfection of pens etc. An outbreak of the disease was also reported
from Kasganj, district Etah, and from Aligarh.
Tuberculin tests by the double intra-dermal method were carried
out at R. E. I. Dairy, Dayalbagh, Agra, for the detection of the incidence
of tuberculosis and Johne's disease with the following results:
Number of animals
subjected to the test
42 cows .. ..
Tuberculosis
Positive
..
Doubtful
1
Johne's disease
Positive
..
Doubtful
2
Remarks
Research Station.
26. Two thousand six hundred and forty-four cases were treated
at the Research Station Hospital, Lucknow.
Rupees1,430 were realized towards treatment
charges during the year.
CHAPTER VI
BREEDING OPERATIONS
(i) Bulls
Table-VI-A.
27. At the commencement of the year there were 352 approved
bulls at the stud in the districts of Muzaffar¬
nagar, Meerut, Bulandshahr, Aligarh and Partab¬
garh. Ninety-six bulls were added during the year and there were
19 casualties, the number at the close of the year was 429.
(ii) Buffalo bulls
Table VI-B.
28. The year commenced with 99 buffalo bulls at stud in the
districts of Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Buland-
shahr, Aligarh and Partabgarh. Six animals
were added during the year, the number of casualties was 19. The
number left at the close of the year was 86.