NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( 23 )
STATEMENT XI.
47. Deals with manufactures.
The net profit, or excess of credits, amounted to Rs.5,800-0-4, as against
Rs.6,054-0-7 in the preceding year. The decrease was due to the fact that out-
standing bills to the amount of Rs.245 which were due to the Asylum, were not
collected before the close of the year.
48. The net profit at the Asylum during the past six years has been as
follows:—
1894 ... ... ... ... ...
1895 ... ... ... ... ...
1896 ... ... ... ... ...
1897 ... ... ... ... ...
1898 ... ... ... ... ...
1899 ... ... ... ... ...
Rs.
749
1,358
4,650
6,278
6,054
5,800
a.
9
10
3
3
0
0
p.
2
1
3
0
7
4
STATEMENT XII.
49. The following table shows the average cost per lunatic under the
various heads during the past six years:—
Daily average strength ...
Years ...
Establishment ...
Diet of patients ...
Clothing and bedding ...
Medicines ...
Contingencies ...
Total ...
161.20
1894.
Rs.
4,432
3,639
461
204
371
9,110
a.
6
15
6
15
9
4
p.
5
3
0
4
11
11
Rs.
27
22
2
1
2
56
a.
7
9
13
4
4
8
p.
11
4
9
4
11
9
170.87
1895.
Rs.
4,491
4,958
499
74
974
10,998
a.
14
10
10
3
3
10
p.
11
3
0
10
4
4
Rs.
26
29
2
0
5
64
a.
4
0
14
6
11
5
p.
6
1
9
11
3
10
177 83.
1896.
Rs.
4,632
4,039
79
98
2,371
11,222
a.
8
1
14
10
15
1
p.
11
1
0
4
0
4
Rs.
26
22
0
0
13
63
a.
0
11
7
8
5
1
p.
10
5
2
10
5
8
167.15.
1897.
Rs.
4,888
6,045
372
36
3,481
14,825
a.
12
15
12
11
2
6
p.
6
8
6
10
5
11
Rs.
29
36
2
0
20
88
a.
3
2
3
3
13
11
p.
11
9
8
6
3
1
162.45.
1898.
Rs.
4,574
6,252
470
51
2,401
13,750
a.
6
11
6
8
13
14
p.
7
7
0
2
11
3
Rs.
28
38
2
0
14
84
a.
2
7
14
5
12
10
p.
7
10
3
1
7
4
172.90.
1899.
RS.
4,643
5,776
443
43
4,683
15,590
a.
9
2
12
15
13
5
p.
2
11
0
7
11
7
Rs.
26
33
2
0
27
90
a.
13
12
9
4
1
8
p.
7
6
1
1
5
8
Occupation and Amusements.
50. Work and recreation were provided, as far as possible, for all the in-
mates, and only such restrictions as were absolutely necessary were imposed
on their personal liberty. All who could work were employed on suitable occu-
pations.
As many of them belonged to the cultivating and labouring classes, a large
number were engaged on dairy farming and gardening. Some one or two who
had previously been clerks were given light work in the Asylum Office.
Books and writing materials were provided for those who could read and
write, and musical instruments for those who wished to have them.
A certain amount of tobacco was given to all and an extra allowance to
those who were well-conducted.
51. No escapes occurred during the year.
Additions and Alterations.
52. The usual annual repairs, white-washing, &c., were carried out and the
doors of the cells in which noisy and refractory male lunatics are kept were
made more secure by having the brick work at the sides replaced by large stone
slabs.
( 24 )
53. The Deputy Superintendent, Khan Sahib Abdul Majid Khan, worked
throughout the year with his usual zeal.
54. The Asylum was inspected by the Administrative Medical Officer on the
3rd June 1899, and by the Chief Commissioner, Mr. Fraser, on the 27th Decem-
ber 1899.
It was frequently visited on other occasions also by the Administrative
Medical Officer.
A.SILCOCK, M.D., Ph .D.,
MAJOR, I.M.S.,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.
NAGPUR :
24th January 1900.
( 26 )
The keeper who took her to the latrine, sat outside waiting for her, and on her
not putting in an appearance, she went in and found Musammat Nunhi had gone
out of the other door and had escaped. There is no doubt she will turn up at
her home, and intimation has been sent to the Deputy Commissioner of the
District.
The female keepers have been punished for their negligence and acting
contrary to strict orders in this case. It was known she would endeavour to
escape and strict orders had been given to prevent it.
7. Deaths 3 against 7.
One of these deaths was a case of homicide; the details of these deaths
will be given in the remarks on Statement VIII.
8. The year closed with 161 (125 males, 36 females) remaining in the
Asylum, against 154 (118 males, 36 females) in the preceding year.
9. The daily average strength was 155.02 (118.62 males, 36.40 females),
against 152.89 (116.53 males and 36.36 females) in 1898.
Daily average sick 4.07 against 5.48.
The percentage of cured to daily average strength was nearly the same as
that of last year, viz., 12.90 against 13.09.
The percentage cured to admission was 60.61 against 57.14.
The percentage of deaths to strength was 1.94 against 4.59, and to admis-
sions 9.09 against 20.00 of the previous year.
10. The maximum number confined on any one day was 167 (129 males
and 38 females). The capacity of the Asylum, including cells and hospitals, is
163 (125 males and 38 females) so that there was no overcrowding on the female
side, but on that of the males there was an excess of 4 for a short time.
To prevent this overcrowding, I think it necessary that more attention should
be paid to the suitability of cases sent to the Asylum. Chief Commissioner's Book
Circular No. XXXI, dated 5th October 1877, points out that, in the case of
harmless lunatics, nothing is ordinarily gained by transfer to an Asylum. The
Asylum is meant for dangerous and violent cases. I have several cases in the
Asylum who are not likely to gain any benefit and should not, I think, have been
sent to the Asylum.
In one case, the report says that the man was found wandering and did not
talk rationally, but was not dangerous to himself or to others ; the man was a
professional beggar. He is at present in the Asylum perfectly harmless, quiet
and inoffensive.
Another case, that of a female professional beggar, was sent to the Asylum
with no real history of insanity. On arrival at the Asylum she was very
anæmic and silly.
There are at present in the Asylum 10 men and 7 women who should not
have been sent and who will never benefit by being in the Asylum. They are
more fit for the poor-house.
11. We have in this Asylum only 10 solitary cells (8 males and 2 females).
This is, I consider, not sufficient, and we are often caused a considerable amount of
anxiety owing to the want of means of segregating dangerous and violent cases.
Eight cells more are required, 6 for males and 2 for females. This addition would
obviate, for the present, any overcrowding.
( 27 )
STATEMENT II.
12. Deals with criminal lunatics.
The total remaining at the beginning of the year was 38 (34 males, 4 females),
classified thus:—
(a)
(b)
(c)
Tried and acquitted on the ground of insanity under
section 471, C. P. C. ... ... ...
Insane and incapable of making their defence under
section 466, C. P. C. ... ... ...
Became insane during imprisonment or under section
31, Act V of 1871 ... ... ...
Total ...
M.
9
20
5
34
F.
1
3
0
4
Total.
10
23
5
38
Seven male criminal lunatics were admitted during the year, against 9
8 males, 1 female) in 1898. All of these were admitted from the Central Provinces
and none from Native States.
There were no re-admissions. The admissions were classified as follows :—
(a)
(b)
(c)
Tried and acquitted on the ground of insanity ...
Insane and incapable of making a defence ...
Became insane during imprisonment ...
Total ...
M.
1
5
1
7
F.
0
0
0
0
Total.
1
5
1
7
Five criminal lunatics were discharged and transferred, 4 males from the
Central Provinces and 1 from a Native State, and 1 died, leaving 39 (35 males,
4 females) at the close of the year, classified thus :—
(a)
(b)
(c)
Tried and acquitted on the ground of insanity ...
Insane and incapable of making a defence ...
Became insane during imprisonment ... ...
Total ...
M.
10
21
4
35
P.
1
3
0
4
Total.
11
24
4
39
The daily average strength was 38.85, the highest number during the last
ten years.
13. Discharged cured 3.
(1) Bhurey Khan was pronounced sane and fit to stand his trial and made
over to the District Magistrate, Jubbulpore, and was not returned to the Asylum.
(2) Ghappo alias Heera Lall was pronounced sane and fit to stand his
trial. He was handed over to the District Magistrate and was not returned to the
Asylum.
These two men were mentioned in para. 10 of my report of last year.
Both of these men were great scoundrels and Jail-birds. One was a ganja-
smoker and the other a drunkard as well.
(3) Dhetia, belonging to a Native State, was discharged sane and fit to
stand his trial and was made over to the Political Agent, Bhopawar Sirdarpur,
and I believe after trial was made over to his friends.
( 30 )
He said some one had come in the night and told him to do it. He could
not remember at once where he had put the things, but gradually remembered,
and at last all the things were recovered.
He was sent to the under-trial ward of the Jail, where he became very violent
and abusive and slept badly, but gradually became quieter, and after a few days
begged to be allowed to go home, as his father was too old to work in the field.
He said he had taken to ganja-smoking owing to grief at the death of his brother.
Now he says he attributes his insanity to having eaten lachkha, a mixture
of wheat and mhowa. This got into his head and made it hot.
Is now very sensible and repentant.
(7) Babu Bania.—A prisoner-lunatic, described in para. 13 of this report.
STATEMENT III.
15. There is little calling for remark under this Statement.
Of the 33 admissions, 24 were Hindus, 5 Mahomedans, 2 Madrasi Native
Christians and 2 other castes.
13 came from Jubbulpore District.
9 „
3 „
2 „
2 „
2 „
1 „
1 „
33
Saugor
„
Hoshangabad „
Damoh
„
Narsinghpur „
Seoni
„
Mandla
„
Nimar
„
STATEMENT IV.
16. Gives the previous occupation.
It will be seen that the majority, as in previous years, came from the
labouring classes :—
Student ... ... ...
Late Hospital Assistant ... ...
Kazi ... ... ...
Shop-keeper ... ... ...
Cultivator ... ... ...
Constable ... ... ...
Mason ... ... ...
Peon(Tehsil) ... ... ...
Weaver ... ... ...
Railway employé, ... ...
Domestic servant ... ...
Labourer ... ... ...
Barber ... ... ...
Beggar ... ... ...
Housewife ... ... ...
Total ...
Males.
2
1
1
2
5
2
1
1
1
1
...
6
2
2
...
27
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
4
...
...
1
6
Total.
2
1
1
2
5
2
1
1
1
1
1
10
2
2
1
33
( 31 )
STATEMENT V.
17. Gives the ages. Shows that the most active period of life, from 20
to 40, contributes the majority of admissions, which supports the inference pre-
viously made.
STATEMENT VI.
18. Deals with the types of insanity in accordance with the Nomenclature
of Diseases.
Mania acute, chronic and epileptic account for 23 (20 males, 3 females);
melancholia, epileptic and other forms account for 6 (4 males, 2 females) and
dementia, acute, chronic and epileptic for 4 (3 males, 1 female).
STATEMENT VII.
19. Points to the alleged causes.
Physical causes—
Charas-smoking ... ...
Ganja ... ... ...
Bhang ... ... ...
Spirit-drinking . . . . . . ...
Fever ... ... ...
Epilepsy ... ... ...
Hereditary ... ... ...
Privation ... ... ...
Puerperal ... ... ...
Total ...
Males.
1
4
1
2
1
1
2
1
...
13
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
2
Total.
1
4
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
15
Moral causes—
Religion ... ... ...
Fear ... ... ...
Grief ... ... ...
Family trouble . . . . . . ...
Total ...
Unknown ... ... ...
Males.
3
1
1
1
6
8
Females.
1
...
2
...
3
1
Total.
4
1
3
1
9
9
20. Of the 5 unknown cases reported last year, the cause has been found
out in 3 cases ; these have been discharged cured, 2 are at present in the Asylum,
and I fancy jealousy and anger are the exciting causes.
With regard to the 9 of this year, further enquiries are still being made ;
the replies received are not always very satisfactory, but this possibly cannot be
helped. One appears to get more out of the patients during a lucid interval
than from their friends.
STATEMENT VIII.
21. Treats of bodily ailments.
Ninety-three (62 males, 31 females) against 100 (71 males, 29 females), and
the daily average sick 4.07 against 5.48.
( 33 )
TABLE I.
29. Shows the amount received from the Treasury, Asylum and other
Departments on account of expenditure during the year 1899 :—
Receipts.
Diet ... ...
Raw materials for manu-
factory.
Contingencies ...
Establishment ...
Clothing for Establishment
Do.
patients ...
Medicines from Government
Medical Stores.
Public Works Department
charges on account of
buildings, repairs, &c.
Total ...
Received
from
Treasury.
Rs.
3,886
396
138
3,954
6
a.
10
8
6
4
13
p.
10
0
3
0
0
...
...
...
8,382 10 1
Received
from
Asylum.
Rs.
732
a.
2
p.
1
...
96 7 6
...
22
363
8
3
0
0
...
...
1,214 4 7
Received
from other
Departments.
Rs. a. p.
...
...
...
...
...
...
23
288
311
11
0
11
6
0
6
Total.
Rs.
4,618
396
234
3,954
29
363
23
288
9,908
a.
12
8
13
4
5
3
11
0
10
p.
11
0
9
0
0
0
6
0
2
REMARKS.
Total ...
Received
from
paying-patients
Miscellaneous re-
ceipts ...
Rs.
9,908
1,937
390
a.
10
11
2
p.
2
3
0
Total ...
12,236 7 5
(See Column 22, Statement IX )
STATEMENT X.
30. This shows the sanctioned Establishment as it stood on the 31st
December 1899. There has been no change and no remarks are needed.
STATEMENT XI.
31. Is the manufactory account and is practically the same as detailed
in previous years. The net profits amounted to Rs.l, 178-14-7, against
Rs.l,055-14-9—an increase of Rs.122-15-10. The lunatics manufacture their
own clothing and bedding and do the tailoring.
The following table shows the employment of lunatics, and it will be seen
that 81 per cent, of males and 83 per cent. of females are engaged on various
works :—
TABLE II.
MALE LUNATICS.
Average number in the Asy-
lum during the year 1899.
118.02
NATURE OF WORK ON WHICH EMPLOYED.
Manufactory.
12.00
Tailoring.
2.08
Gardening.
52.00
Cooking.
11.00
Sweeping.
6.00
Earthwork.
5.29
Wheat-grinding.
3.00
Miscellaneous.
5.32
Total employed.
96.69
Total unemployed.
21.93
FEMALE LUNATICS.
Average number in the Asy-
lum during the year 1899.
36.40
NATURE OF WORK ON
WHICH EMPLOYED
Spinning.
6.00
Wheat-grinding.
22.00
Miscellaneous.
2.00
Total employed.
30.00
Total unemployed.
6.40
The daily average number of inmates employed on manufactory and
gardening was 70.00, against 64.91 in 1898.
( 34 )
32. I subjoin a table giving the charges under the principal heads for the
year 1899 and ten previous years :—
TABLE III.
Head of Charge.
Establishment,
including
allowance of Superintend-
ent.
Diet ... ...
Clothing ... ...
Contingencies ... ...
Public Works Charges ...
Medicines ... ...
Total ...
Per patient on daily average
strength.
Daily average strength of
males and females.
1889.
Rs.
5,020
4,020
298
331
a.
15
11
8
7
p.
6
2
8
11
...
15
9,687
69
14
10
14
11
2
7
138.55
1890.
Rs.
4,715
3,552
356
192
a.
0
8
13
7
p.
0
9
9
9
...
19
8,836
67
15
13
8
2
5
7
130.79
1891.
Rs.
5,052
3,888
283
255
a.
11
5
0
6
p.
2
7
1
0
...
22
9,502
71
15
6
0
3
1
6
133.77
1892.
Rs.
5,09
4,017
287
187
a.
10
10
8
11
p.
1
0
9
7
...
33
9,622
68
4
12
12
6
11
9
139.86
1893.
Rs.
4,273
3,970
177
159
a.
9
4
12
0
p.
11
10
11
0
...
33
8,613
57
3
14
4
2
10
1
150.46
1894.
Rs.
3,967
4,037
291
198
a.
4
4
9
1
p.
8
6
2
10
...
23
8,518
56
12
1
12
11
1
0
150.10
1895.
Rs.
4,013
4,169
253
211
175
36
8,861
60
a.
13
14
6
13
3
14
2
3
p.
10
9
0
8
11
7
9
10
147.08
1896.
Rs.
4,014
4,789
259
216
325
59
9,665
64
a.
7
12
14
14
1
12
14
0
p.
10
5
0
9
0
5
5
3
154.10
1897.
Rs.
4,188
5,879
368
695
437
23
11,112
74
a.
4
7
1
9
6
1
8
0
p.
9
10
8
6
10
9
4
9
150.64
1898.
Rs.
3,962
4,528
301
767
3,301
22
12,882
84
a.
3
6
0
0
8
8
11
4
p.
0
9
3
2
4
8
2
3
152.89
1899.
Rs.
3,983
4,618
363
631
288
23
9,908
63
a.
9
12
3
5
0
11
10
8
p.
0
11
0
9
0
6
2
1
156.02
Cost per head per each
item per annum.
1898.
Rs.
25
29
1
5
21
0
84
a.
14
9
15
0
9
2
4
p.
7
11
6
3
6
4
3
...
...
1899.
Rs.
25
29
2
4
1
0
63
a.
8
9
5
0
13
2
8
p.
6
7
3
9
7
5
1
...
...
( 35 )
Statement 1, column 9, shows the total average strength as 155.02. In the
above table, it is shown as 156.02 ; the difference is due to there being a child of
5½ years belonging to one of the female lunatics. The Rewah State pays for
this child.
The average cost per head was (including Public Works Department
charges) Rs.63-8-1 against Rs.84-4-3: excluding these charges, Rs.61-10-6 against
Rs.62-10-7 in 1898. The only item showing an increase was that of clothing.
A larger number of blanket-coats were supplied this year.
This Rs.61-10-6 does not represent the actual cost to Government per head ;
from it must be deducted the sum paid into the Treasury as profits on
manufactories and the amount received and credited into the Treasury from paying-
patients.
33. The following calculation shows the savings under the above heads and
the actual net cost to the State of each inmate per annum :—
Cash paid into the Treasury as profits on manufactures,
vide columns 6 and 17 of Statement IX and column
3 of Statement XI ... ... ...
Cash paid into the Treasury for paying-patients, columns 3
and 17 of Statement IX ... ... ...
Difference between the amount drawn from the Treasury
(Rs.396-8-0), for manufacturing purposes and the
amount shown as expenditure for diet and clothing
supplied from the Manufacturing Department, amount-
ing to Rs. 1,214-4-7, vide column 4 of Statement
IX ... ... ... ...
Total ...
This is equivalent to a saving per head per annum of daily
average strength ... ... ...
The average cost per head per annum, including Public
Works Department charges, was ... ...
Saving as shown above ... ... ...
Net cost to State ... ... ... ...
Rs.
390
1,937
817
3,145
20
63
20
43
a.
2
11
12
9
2
8
2
5
p.
0
3
7
10
7
1
7
6
34. The following table shows the net cost per head per annum to the
Government for the year 1899 and ten previous years, excluding the Public Works
Department charges.
TABLE IV.
Average cost per
head ...
Saving as shown
above ...
Net cost per head
per annum to the
Government ...
1889.
Rs.
69
13
56
a.
14
10
3
p.
7
8
7
1890.
Rs.
67
8
53
a.
8
13
3
p.
7
10
10
1891.
Rs.
71
14
56
a.
0
11
5
p.
6
6
0
1892.
Rs.
68
14
54
a
12
10
1
p.
9
10
11
1893.
Rs.
57
13
43
a.
4
4
15
p.
1
7
6
1894.
Rs.
56
15
41
a.
12
7
14
p.
0
9
3
1895.
Rs.
60
21
38
a.
3
5
14
p.
10
5
5
1896.
Rs.
63
21
42
a.
1
15
1
p.
11
0
3
1897.
Rs.
74
19
54
a.
0
4
12
p.
9
5
4
1898.
Rs.
62
24
37
a.
10
14
12
p.
9
3
6
1899.
Rs.
61
20
41
a.
10
2
7
p.
6
7
11
36 )
35. The following was given daily to the lunatics from the beginning of
May to November :—
Cinehonidine ... ... ... ... ...
Ferri Sulph. ... ... ... ... ...
Acid Sulph. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Aqua ... ... ... ... ...
gr. ii
gr. i
m. v
oz. i
With regard to antiscorbutics, the lunatics have an almost unlimited supply
of fresh limes, tamarind, bael, papaya, guavas and plantains, which they obtain
from the garden ; and as most of them work in the garden, they eat and bring
in to others.
The massala issued daily is beyond the regulation supply, as the garden
produces freely.
With regard to the encouragement to work. This is done by the distribution
of sweets and extra tobacco to those who do any work at all ; it is very hard
to attempt to get continuous work out of a lunatic.
There is a man who has been weaving for nearly 20 years, he was taught
in the Asylum, he is a Gond. This man occasionally will leave his loom and
refuse to work for days.
Some inducement, in the shape of two or three pice, a little extra tobacco,
or sweets, will set him to work again, perhaps for a month ; a cigarette to another
man will keep him quiet for weeks.
Amusements.
A great form of amusement is farming and gardening.
A three months' supply of rice is grown on the premises,
as well as tilli.
Then we have a native band, consisting of a dholak, majira, sarangi and
tambura, and it is very interesting to watch the faces of the lunatics when the
playing and singing is going on.
I am certain this helps greatly in the treatment. Pets are allowed in the
shape of birds and cats ; these sometimes lead to a little unpleasantness and the
bird or cat suffers.
Then there are the religious exercises. There is a Hindu temple and a mosque
in the grounds. The Hindu temple is supplied with a set of articles for per-
forming the poojah, viz., Shankh, Jhalar, Vijaya-Ghant and a bell, and when this
bell rings, a man who has been contented to lie in the mud, will jump up and rush
to the shower-bath and wash, put on his clothes and go to the temple.
Games.
Pachhisi is a general game among the uneducated. Books and papers,
English and Vernacular, are supplied by the Deputy Superin-
tendent to those who can read.
Feasts.
At Diwali, Dasara, Holi, &c., all the inmates are supplied with sweets,
halwa, purries, laddoos, &c., at the expense of the Deputy
Superintendent.
Some 40 picked lunatics were taken to the Great Indian Circus, which per-
formed close to the Asylum, and were given free tickets by the Manager.
36. The Asylum was visited by the Administrative Medical Officer, and the
Official Visitors held monthly meetings and recorded their proceedings and trans-
mitted them to the Administrative Medical Officer for the information of the
Chief Commissioner.
37. Lieutenant-Colonel H. K. McKay, I.M.S., C.I.E., held charge from 1st
January to 9th March, and again from 12th to 31st December 1899.
( 37 )
Lieutenant-Colonel W. A. Quayle, M.D., I.M.S., was Superintendent from
10th March to 11th December 1899
Deputy Superintendent, Rai Saheb Mohan Lall, showed the same enthusiasm,
and the poor unfortunates recognize him as their best friend. He certainly has
a wonderful control over them.
I would again strongly recommend him for some personal allowance. He is
near his retirement and will only get the half of Rs.55.
He has an allowance of Rs.30. If this could be made a consolidated pay, it
would increase his retiring allowance.
JUBBULPORE :
Dated 15th January 1900.
H. K. McKAY, LT.-COL., I.M.S., C.I.E.,
Superintendent, Lunatic Asylum.