NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( 4 )
Anthrax.
Two cases of anthrax, one from the district of Gorakhpur and one
from Sultanpur district, were reported during
the year under report.
Other contagious di-
sease.
Fifty-seven cases of deaths were reported under this head as against
106 in the preceding year. These included
tetanus, piroplasmosis and other parasitic dis-
eases.
Other causes.
Deaths from other causes were reported to be 317 as compared
with 254 last year.
(b) Bovines
Rinderpest. Table I.
7. The mortality reported from rinderpest was 27,944 as against
27,360 in the preceding year. All the districts
in the province were affected, the highest number
of deaths occurred in the Allahabad district where 2,210 cases were
reported of which 1,309 were buffaloes.
Anti-rinderpest ino-
culations. Table II.
8. Inoculations against rinderpest were undertaken in 2,119
outbreaks during this year as compared with 1,947
in the previous year. The details are as fol-
-ows:—
(1) Serum alone inoculations .. .. ..
(2) Tissue virus inoculations .. .. ..
(3) Scarification method of inoculation—
(a) Goat tissue virus macerated unchloroformed ..
(b)
Ditto
chloroformed ..
(4) Serum simultaneous inoculations .. ..
Total ..
10,160
2,85,101
52,865
13,808
3,325
3,65,259
The inoculation figures for the last year were 3,16,091.
Haemorrhagic septi-
caemia. Tables I and II.
9. Deaths from haemorrhagic septicaemia were reported in
10,429 animals as against 12,002 in the last
year. The disease spread throughout the prov-
ince except in the districts of Almora and Garhwal from where no
deaths were registered. The highest mortality occurred in Hardoi
district where 795 cases of deaths took place of which 451 were buffaloes.
Immunization was performed as follows :—
(1) By serum alone .. .. ..
(2) By vaccine .. .. .. ..
Total ..
1,16,458
89,251
2,05,709
The previous year's figures of immunisation were 1,94,805.
Foot and
mouth
disease. Table I.
10. The disease was reported from 41 districts with a mortality
of 1,089 as compared with 703 in the previous
year. Hygienic measures and curative methods
were resorted to with good results.
Blackquarter. Tables
I and II.
11. Six hundred and thirty cases of deaths were reported in 35
districts in the province as against 1,125 reported
last year. Inoculations carried out by the serum
alone method numbered 7,901 as against 21,094
in the preceding year.
( 5 )
Anthrax.
Tables I
and II.
12. The disease was reported from 21 districts and the mortality
recorded was 450 as against 998 the previous
year. The disease assumed a comparatively
mild form this year and the highest mortality
was 55 in Mirzapur District. The number of inoculations carried out
was as follows :—
(1) By serum alone .. .. .. ..
(2) By spore vaccine .. .. ..
Total ..
8, 98
85
8,683
The previous year's figures of inoculation were 8,569.
Surra. Table I.
13. Fifty-five animals were reported to have succumbed to this
disease in 6 districts in the province as compared
with 137 animals in the previous year. The
district most affected was Kheri where 17 deaths occurred.
Other contagious di-
seases. Table I.
14. Three hundred and sixty-four cases of deaths were reported
under this head as against 675 cases in the pre-
ceding year. Cases included liver-fluke, cow-pox,
ephemeral fever, etc.
Other causes. Table
I.
15. Mortality due to causes other than contagious or parasitic
diseases, so far as could be recorded, numbered
2,327 as compared with 2,685 last year.
(c) Other animals
Table I.
16. The number of deaths due to contagious diseases amongst
animals other than equines and bovines was
as follows:—
(1) Sheep .. .. .. ..
(2) Goats .. .. .. ..
(3) Dogs .. .. .. ..
(4) Camels .. .. .. ..
Total ..
442
169
660
21
1,292
Deaths due to causes other than from contagious diseases were
recorded as 2,006 compared with 1,916 in the previous year.
Sheep-pox. Table II.
17. There were 3 outbreaks of sheep-pox in the Agra district
and 140 sheep were successfully vaccinated by
vaccine obtained from the Mysore Serum In-
stitute, Bangalore.
Fowl-pox. Table II.
18. There were 2 outbreaks of fowl-pox in Partabgarh district
and 180 birds were treated by vaccine obtained
from Mukteswar, the results were encourag-
ing.
Animals slaughtered.
Table VIII.
19. The number of animals slaughtered at the different slaughter
houses controlled by the Municipal and Can-
tonment Boards, etc. was 14,57,329 as com-
pared with 10,80,982 in the preceding year.
( 6 )
CHAPTER III
NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES
Table III.
20. The number of cases treated at the veterinary hospitals
and
dispensaries was 5,79,294 as compared
with 5,29,761 in the previous year. Cases
supplied with medicines but not brought to hospitals numbered 87,302
as against 85,940 in the year preceding.
Tables III and IV.
21. The number of cases treated by veterinary assistant surgeons
while on tour was 1,29,632 as against 1,13,253
in the last year. Elimination of scrub bulls by
scientific method of castration numbered 1,52,501 as against 1,25,571
in the previous year.
Cattle poisoning.
22. Nine cases of poisoning in animals were reported from the
districts of Muzaffarnagar,
Meerut, Buland-
shahr, Agra, Shahjahanpur, Gorakhpur, Unao,
Sitapur and Kheri. The accused persons were dealt with in the
law courts.
CHAPTER IV
VETERINARY HOSPITALS AND DISPENSARIES
Veterinary hospitals
and dispensaries. Table
III.
23. At the beginning of the year there were 192 veterinary
hospitals and dispensaries. Three new veteri-
nary hospitals were opened during the-year at
(1) Khatima, in the Tarai and Bhabar Govern-
ment Estates, district Naini Tal, (2) Kotdwara,
under the Kham Bhabar Estates and (3) Thakurdwara, district Mo-
radabad, under the District Board. The veterinary hospital at Hal-
dwani, under the District Board, Naini Tal, has been removed to Bhim-
tal as a veterinary dispensary was opened last year at Haldwani under
the charge of the Veterinary Inspector, Tarai and Bhabar Government
Estates. The veterinary dispensary at Dhaurehra, district Kheri,
has been temporarily closed during the year for want of a veterinary
assistant surgeon. The total number of veterinary hospitals and
dispensaries at the close of the year was 194.
Grants-in-aid
for
construction
of
veterinary hospitals.
24. No contribution could be made to district boards for the con-
struction or improvement of existing veterinary
hospital buildings during the year, owing to
lack of funds.
CHAPTER V
LABORATORY AND EXPERIMENTAL WORK
Laboratory work.
25. Microscopical
examination of 1,072 specimens including
smears was conducted during the year at the
Central and Circle laboratories. These were of
bacteriological, pathological and helminthological nature obtained
from different species of animals.
( 7 )
A summary of the results is as follows:—
Laboratory
Lucknow .. .. .. ..
Agra .. .. .. ..
Allahabad .. .. .. ..
Total ..
Positive
78
61
24
163
Negative
664
171
74
909
Total
742
232
98
1,072
Some interesting specimens have been preserved and added to
the stock in the laboratory museum. Materials were sent to the
Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, from time to
time for confirmation of the results obtained by local examination
at the departmental laboratories.
Anti-rabic treatment.
26. Twenty-six incontact cases were treated with anti-rabic
vaccine as outdoor patients at the Isolation
Ward, Lucknow. Six dogs were kept under
observation as indoor patients. Two of them which manifested symp-
toms of rabies were destroyed at the request of the owners; three
received a full course of anti-rabic treatment and were discharged.
One dog showed positive symptoms of rabies while under observation
and died of the disease.
Experiments and in-
vestigation on diseases.
27. The scarification method of vaccinating cattle and buffaloes
against rinderpest recently introduced was given
a further trial on animals under farm condition,
the reactions obtained by this method were identical to those usually
provoked by the subcutaneous method of inoculation. The method
is, however, simpler, more expeditious and the vaccine, as supplied
to the field workers, is exposed to less risk of deterioration during the
process of transit and during vaccination.
With a view to prolonging the period of immunity, as well as
reduce the amount of serum hitherto employed in effecting immunity
in hill cattle and buffaloes, experiments were carried on with the use
of a combination of virus and serum in a large number of hill cattle
under controlled conditions. It was found that a control dose of 10
c.c. anti-rinderpest serum for cattle and 20 c.c. for buffaloes
simultaneously with a potent dose of virus could be used with safety
in these susceptible animals. This method is now brought into general
use in the hill tracts.
In the control of bovine surra, both as curative and prophylactic
measure, pot antimony tartarate has been found effective when given
in 2 grains doses dissolved in 20 c. c. of sterilized distilled water.
" Bisi " in sheep and goats on the result of clinical and post mortem
findings has been shown to be none other than a helminthic condition
( 8 )
caused by the presence of innumerable immature paramphistomes,
these parasites cause a similar affection in cattle. In the treatment
of this condition favourable results have been obtained by 1 to 2 c. c.
of carbon tetrachloride in linseed oil for sheep and goats, and 5 to
10 ounces of 1 per cent. solution of copper sulphate for cattle.
At the Sheep Farm at Bodhpura, district Jalaun, a form of pneu-
monia complicated by the appearance of sheep-pox prevailed in June,
1939, amongst the Bikaneri and Jalauni sheep. The condition was
very mild in the beginning but later it assumed a severe form causing
60 deaths. The complicating feature in this outbreak was a pneumonia
of pasteurella and corynebacterial type which had prevailed prior to the
sheep-pox symptoms.
In July, 1939, 155 sheep were immunized with serum-sensitised
vaccine prepared in the field. Local reactions at the seat of inocula-
tion and fever developed in all the vaccinated sheep a week after
vaccination.
The same flock of sheep and their progeny were re-vaccinated in
March, 1940, with the vaccine obtained from Mysore Serum Institute,
Bangalore. None of the vaccinated sheep showed any reaction
which supported the belief that the immunity conferred by the first
vaccination had persisted.
Research station.
28. Two thousand six hundred and sixty-seven cases were treated
at the Research
Station Hospital, Lucknow,
during the year under report as against 2,644
in the preceding year. Rupees nine hundred and five were realized
towards treatment charges and credited to Government.
CHAPTER VI
BREEDING OPERATIONS
(i) Bulls
Table VIA.
29. The year commenced with 483 approved bulls at the stud
in the districts of Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Bu-
landshahr, Aligarh and Partabgarh. Two hun-
dred and thirty-seven bulls were added during the year, there were
73 casualties. The number at the close of the year was 647.
(ii) Buffaloe bulls
Table VIB.
30. At the commencement of the year there were 32 buffaloe
bulls at the stud in the districts of Muzaffarnagar,
Meerut, Bulandshahr,
Aligarh and Partab-
garh. Two were added and there were 8 casualties, leaving 26 at the
close of the year.
(iii) Horse stallions
Table VIC.
31. There were 57 stallions on the roll at the beginning of the year
in the non-selected districts of the province.
Eleven stallions were purchased during the year
and 20 were received from the Army Remount Department conse-
( 9 )
quent upon the transfer of horse-breeding operations in the selected
districts (Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Bulandshahr and Aligarh) to
this department. Six stallions were sold and 2 were destroyed as
unfit for stud purposes. The number of stallions at the close of the
year was 80. The number of mares served was 2,027.
32. The progeny of Government stallions continues to show
improvement as was evident at the different fairs and shows held
from time to time in the provinces during the year.
Stallion depot.
33. The accommodation at the Stallion Depot at Moradabad
has been extended for stabling the extra stallions
received from the Army Remount Department
and for affording rest and treatment, to stallions returning from the
districts for convalescence.
(iv) Donkey stallions
Table VIC.
34. The year commenced with 9 jacks on the roll; there were
no purchases or casualties during the year. The
number, therefore, remained the same at the
end of the year. The number of their coverings was 237.
Stallion stands.
35. The stallion stand at Phulpur, district Allahabad, was closed
during the year and a new stand was opened at
Bahraich. The stallion stand at Ramnagar,
district Bara Banki, has been replaced by a new stand at Ganeshpur
in the same district. The stallion stand at Singha, district Bijnor,
was closed in April, 1939, due to the lack of interest displayed in horse
breeding by the Darindah—Chaudhri Inder Singh. Attempts are being
made to find a suitable Darindah and it is hoped a new stallion stand
will be opened in the district in the near future. The question of open-
ing a donkey stand in Cawnpore is still under correspondence. The
proposal to open a stand for the Bareilly district has been dropped.
(v) Goat and sheep breeding
Jumnapari goat im-
provement scheme.
36. The subsidizing scheme introduced last year in Etawah
district is working satisfactorily.
At the
beginning of the year there were 117 subsidized
goats; 517 goats were registered during the year. Twenty-two goats
died and 46 were culled as their progeny did not show any improve-
ment. The local people have begun to understand and realize the
benefits of the subsidy scheme and are complying with the conditions
imposed under the scheme.
Sheepbreeding.
37. The small experimental sheep farm started at Bodhpura,
district Jalaun, is situated in Government
reserve forest, 3 miles from Orai. The main
object of the farm is to breed a type of sheep which will eventually
improve the wool carrying capacity of sheep in the Bundelkhand area.
The farm also offers scope for the investigation of diseases of sheep
in collaboration with the Imperial Veterinary Research Institute,
Mukteswar. The experiment is being carried out by crossing the best
white variety of sheep found in the Jalaun district, and white Bika-
ner sheep imported from Rajputana with selected Bikanr rams.
( 10 )
The number of sheep on the farm at the end of the year under
report was as follows:—
(1) Bikaner rams .. .. .. ..
(2) Jalaun ram .. .. .. ..
(3) Bikaner ewes .. .. .. ..
(4) Jalaun ewes .. .. .. ..
6
1
100
100
To arrive at a definite conclusion about the effects of cross breeding
Bikaner rams on Jalaun ewes it will be necessary to continue the
experiment for some time. The first strain of the cross, however, shows
a marked improvement in the quality and quantity of wool.
CHAPTER VII
FAIRS AND SHOWS
Fairs and shows.
Table VII.
38. Forty-nine cattle and horse fairs, shows and exhibitions
were held during the year and attended by the
officers and subordinate staff of the department.
Besides these, there were small one-day cattle fairs and shows organized
in connexion with the rural development work which were attended
by the staff of the department.
One-day horse shows.
39. To give an impetus to the horse-breeding industry one-day
horse shows were organized at the stallion stands
at Ghana Khandi, Harpally, Pandukheri, Dewal-
heri and Bhagwanpur in the Saharanpur district. A show was also
held at Etawah, Qasimpur, district Budaun, Khander, district Shah-
jahanpur, Aonla, district Bareilly, Hardoi, Rae Bareli, Phulpur, district
Allahabad, Dadri, district Ballia, and Babuganj, district Partabgarh.
Prizes were distributed at these shows by the officers of the depart-
ment.
One-day cattle shows.
40. With a view to create local interest in the improvement
of the breeds of cattle, 26 one-day cattle shows
were held during the year in different villages
in the districts of Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Bulandshahr, Aligarh and
Partabgarh in which cattle breeding is controlled by this department
Prizes were distributed to good cows and the progeny of Govern-
ment bulls. The District Rural Development Association, Muttra,
organized 2 one-day cattle shows in connexion with Rural Develop-
ment Week in order to create interest in villages in which the
department extended its co-operation.
Goat shows.
41. An annual goat show was organized at Chakarnagar in the
Etawah district. The show was very successful
and the goat breeders evinced a keen interest in
the animals collected. About 2,500 goats were brought and prizes were
distributed among the owners in the form of cash and utensils. A
small first-aid veterinary dispensary was opened and veterinary exhibits
were displayed at the show. One-day shows were also held at Chakar-
nagar and Sahson to select suitable goats for subsidy where prizes
were also distributed in cash.
( 11 )
CHAPTER VIII
PROPAGANDA
Propaganda.
42. By way of propaganda veterinary exhibits were displayed
at a number of fairs and shows, the chief being
the Batesar Fair, district Agra, Indigenous
Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition, Etah, Industrial and Agricul-
tural Exhibition, Dehra Dun, the Cattle Fair and Exhibition at Bhagwan-
pur, district Saharanpur, the exhibition held in connexion with Rural
Development Week in Muttra District, Goat Show at Chakarnagar,
district Etawah, Ajodhya Exhibition, district Fyzabad, Makanpur
Fair, district Cawnpore, Dhaurehra Fair, district Kheri, Khairabad
Fair, district Sitapur and Gauriya Kalan Fair, district Unao. De-
partmental films on the control of rinderpest, and exhibitions of good
breeds of cattle were screened at Batesar Fair, Balwant Rajput College,
Agra, the Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition, Dehra Dun and
Makanpur Fair, district Cawnpore. The film shows attracted great
interest and much useful propaganda work was done in this way.
At one-day cattle shows lectures were delivered on the care and
management of cattle and the methods to be adopted necessary for
the improvement of the breed. Pamphlets on different diseases
of animals in the languages of the province were distributed, practical
demonstrations of castration by Burdizzo method were given and
models of foot-baths were shown to the people. These shows were
successful both from the point of entries and the interest taken.
CHAPTER IX
EXPENDITURE
Expenditure. Table
IX.
43. The total expenditure of the department during the year under
report was Rs.5,14,775 as against Rs.5,08,115
in the year preceding. The receipts for the
year were Rs.l,31,456 as against Rs.1,40,414 in the previous year.
CHAPTER X
ESTABLISHMENT
44. The superior staff consisted of:—
(a) One Director,
(b) Three Circle Superintendents,
(c) One Veterinary Investigation Officer.
The strength of the subordinate veterinary staff at the end of the
Establishment. Table year was as
follows:—
X. Veteinary Inspectors (including 1 in the Tarai and Bhabar Govern-
ment Estates and 2 temporary in charge of Stockmen's Training
Class at Lucknow and Agra. .. .. .. ..
Veterinary assistant surgeons attached to headquarters ..
Veterinary assistant surgeons employed in districts (including 2 from
the headquarters staff, viz. 1 in the Garhwal district and 1 in the
Agricultural College Veterinary Hospital, Cawnpore) ..
Total ..
29
7
163
199
( 12 )
Casualties in
the
staff.
45. There were 11 retirements, 5 resignations, and one death
among the subordinate staff of the department,
a total of 17 casualties during the year.
Lectures
on
live-
stock welfare and epi-
demic diseases.
46. The subordinate staff delivered educative lectures in different
schools and training classes etc. as follows:—
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Names of schools etc.
Ahirs .. ..
Patwari schools .. ..
Adult night schools ..
Agriculture class in Vernacular
Middle Schools.
Primary schools .. ..
Upper Primary Schools ..
Vernacular Middle Schools ..
Training Schools .. ..
Agriculture College, Cawnpore
Government Agriculture School,
Gorakhpur.
Marketing Supervisors' Class
Rural Development Organizers
Agriculture Inspectors' class
Seed Supervisors' class ..
Assistant Cane Development
Officers.
Dehati Sang Training Class
Refresher
Class—Agriculture
Department.
Cattle Welfare Centres ..
Rural Development villages ..
Rural Development
Exhibi-
tions.
Stock-owners in villages ..
Fairs and shows ..
Total ..
Number of
lectures given
63
6
35
9
6
12
44
6
70
34
10
152
3
2
1
3
2
13
142
2
165
17
797
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Subjects
First aid.
Cattle contagious diseases.
Cattle breeding.
Horse breeding.
Castration
Inoculation.
Importance of cattle in agriculture
their management.
Animal Husbandry.
Better housing for animals.
Segregation.
Cattle improvement in general.
Benefit of keeping cattle to human
life.
Advantages of breeding with select
cows and bulls.
Proper feed and keep of cattle.
Veterinary hygiene.
Fodder cultivation.
( 13 )
Training.
47. One veterinary assistant surgeon underwent a refresher
course at the Imperial Veterinary Research
Institute, Mukteswar, during the year and 32
candidates were selected and sent to the Bengal, Bihar and Punjab
Veterinary Colleges for training as United Provinces stipendiaries.
Forty-seven men qualified as stockmen and were posted to dif-
ferent districts to assist the subordinate veterinary staff in connexion
with rural development work and disease control.
Tours of Veterinary
Inspectors.
48. Veterinary Inspectors toured on an average for 160 days in
the year, visiting 3,552 villages during their
tours.
CHAPTER XI
GENERAL REMARKS
Improvement
in
reporting of diseases.
49. There was an improvement during the year in the system
of reporting diseases by village patwaris and
rural development organizations. In districts
where settlement operations were continued
and where the services of patwaris were not always available, the
reporting of diseases was entrusted to village mukhias. This agency,
together with the employment of village chaukidars recently introduced
in certain districts, is likely to prove a valuable adjunct to our system
of reporting outbreaks of disease in villages.
Special tract scheme.
50. The veterinary assistant surgeons working in connexion
with the special tract scheme did useful work
in checking the spread of cattle contagious
diseases as these occurred. It was considered advantageous to treat
this staff as a more mobile unit and their services were transferred
from Agra to Meerut district in October, 1939, to check abnormal
outbreaks of live-stock epidemics there, and later to Lucknow for
a similar purpose.
Rural
development
work.
51. The staff continued to pay particular attention to live-stock
diseases in the rural development
villages.
They attended meetings in connexion with rural
development work and suggested improvements
in matters relating to the activities of the department. Pamphlets
dealing with common contagious diseases of animals were distributed
in the rural development villages and lectures were delivered on
veterinary first-aid and subjects dealing with cattle welfare and
animal health problems in general.
Migration of cattle
from outside the prov-
ince.
52. Consequent on the persistence of famine conditions in Hissar
and in adjoining districts a large number of
cattle migrated from the Punjab to these prov-
inces.
Three veterinary assistant surgeons
were deputed from the Punjab to help to
control disease among these cattle, they returned to their own
province in June, 1939.