68
reason stated above really no proof of any connec-
tion between the two.
54. They are said to be so used.
55. Yes; but complete stupefaction is not pro¬
duced without admixture.
56. Spices, rose-leaf, sweets, milk, curd, and
cucumber-seeds are mixed with bhang, the
purpose, it is said, being to temperate the intoxi¬
cating effect. Dhatura is used by hard smokers
to aggravate intoxication. A preparation known
as thandai is sold, the ingredients of which are
chiefly spices and cucumber-seeds.
57. Not is this district.
58 to 60. If it is proved that ganja is more
hurtful than other stimulants, it should, I think,
be abolished, otherwise I have no fault to find
with the system. Personally, I cannot say whether
it is worse or not. I am inclined to think that it
is, but I do not feel at all certain.
65. In Bengal it is only recently that ganja
has been so highly taxed, and it is still, as far as
I can learn, the cheapest intoxicant. In the
Central Provinces the tax used to be very light
indeed (I think only Rs. 1-4-0). I do not know
what it is now.
66. Yes, because the plant contains more leaves
and twigs and the others more blossom.
67. No.
27. Evidence of MR. E. H. C. WALSH,* Officiating Magistrate and Collector of
Cuttack.
2. The above definitions may be accepted. Gurjat
ganja is only dried, and not flattened or rolled
like the Bajshahi drug. There is no sale of charas
in this district.
3. A species of ganja known as Gurjat ganja
grows in the Gurjat estates bordering on the
Districts of Puri and Cuttack, and (illicitly) will
grow spontaneously in the bordering portion of
those districts.
4. Siddhi, bhang, subji, and patti; and the
differences between them are such as are given in
the definitions; charas is a name not in use, and
that form of the drug is not consumed.
5. It grows either on the plains or at a slight
elevation on hill sides. It is generally grown on
a dry and loamy soil, and a damp soil does not
suit it. I cannot say the height of elevation up
to which it will grow.
6. Scattered in the cases where I have seen it.
7. There is no licit cultivation in Orissa, but in
the Tributary Mahals of the Gurjat, the variety
known as Gurjat ganja is grown extensively.
8. I cannot say. Enough is grown for local
consumption, and also for export into British
territory. The area has no doubt increased since
1889, when the prohibition against growing
it within three miles of the British border was
withdrawn, and that amount of extra land, there¬
fore, left available for its cultivation, where desired.
9. The plants are grown from seeds towards the
end of the rains. They take about six months to
come to maturity. They are then cut down and
left to wither. When dry, the tops of the female
plants containing the flowers are cut off and tied
together. This constitutes ganja. The leaves
are also collected for patti.
10. There is no restriction of class or caste.
11. Yes.
NOTE.—In all these answers I refer only to Gurjat ganja,
and do not refer to the Bengal or Rajshahi plant, of which
I have no personal knowledge.
12. Yes. In the Gurjat States. The male
plants do not appear to be systematically destroyed.
13. Its cultivation is forbidden in Orissa. Any
dry loamy soil would be suitable for its cultivation.
14. Not prepared in Orissa, but in the Tribu¬
tary States. I cannot give the extent, as there are
no figures available.
15. Gurjat ganja is smoked, in which case it is
pounded up and mixed with tobacco. 'Patti' is
mixed with water and drunk. Either ganja or
patti made up with sugar is eaten in the form of
a sweetmeat called majum. It is also made into
small pills with spices, which are convenient to
carry on a journey.
16. Yes. Charas is not prepared so far as I
know in the Gurjats.
17. By no class in particular. Any cultivator
who has grown the plant.
18. They deteriorate by keeping. Damp is
injurious to it; insects also get to it sometimes.
The remedy for the above two causes is to keep it
well protected and in a dry place, and as much as
possible shut out the air, to prevent loss of its
aroma by evaporation.
19. Ganja is smoked; drunk as patti mixed
with water, and eaten made up into a sweetmeat
as majum or made into a pill with spices.
20. The lower classes chiefly, and fakirs almost
universally.
21. The round ganja is preferred, and the
largest quantity of this kind is sold in consequence.
22. Charas not in use.
23. I do not know of such cases. Ganja is
generally the drug smoked.
24. I cannot give the proportion.
25. It is on the decrease, as shewn by the yearly
consumption from the registered golas. This is
due to increase of price and to some extent to
smuggling from the Tributary Mahals.
26 and 27. I cannot say.
28. A moderate consumer takes about one-
eighth of a tola a day. An habitual excessive
consumer about a tola.
29. Dhatura is sometimes mixed with ganja
to increase its effect. The seeds of the kuchila
(nux vomica) are also mixed with ganja for the
same purpose.
Bhang is also, when drunk, mixed with black
pepper and other spices as cloves and mace and
cinnamon, the object being to give an aromatic
flavour.
30. The three drugs are chiefly consumed by
males, and more by the old than by young men.
As far as I can ascertain children never consume
them.
31. The habit is easily formed and is difficult
to breake off. There is no tendency for the habit
*Was summoned to attend at a meeting of the Commission for oral examination, but was unable to appear.