NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
[ 2 ]
A.—VACCINE DEPARTMENT.
STATEMENT No. I.—Showing particulars of vaccination in the Hyderabad Assigned Districts during the year 1882-83.
Number.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Districts.
2
Amraoti ... ...
Ellichpur ... ...
Wun
...
...
Basim ... ...
Akola ... ...
Buldana ... ...
Total of Province ..
Population of district according to
consus of 1881.
3
575,328
271,150
392,102
358,883
592,792
439,763
2,630,018
Average population per square mile.
4
208
278
100
121
223
157
164
Average number of vaccinators
employed throughout the season.
5
12
6
8
7
12
9
54
Total number of persons
vaccinated.
Male.
Female.
Total.
6
11,249
5,623
8,135
7,236
10,740
9,690
52,673
10,863
5,335
7,695
7,172
10,195
9,825
51,085
22,112
10,958
15,830
14,408
20,935
19,515
103,758
Average number of persons vaccin-
ated by each vaccinator.
7
1,843
1,826
1,979
2,058
1,745
2,168
1,921
Primary vaccination.
Total
8
22,107
10,927
15,715
14,408
20,852
19,508
103,517
Successful.
Under 1 year.
9
12,292
7,517
7,858
8,570
11,748
10,363
58,348
Over 1 and un-
der 6 years.
10
7,034
2,352
6,077
4,483
6,910
7,253
34,109
Total of all ages
11
19,710
10,153
14,822
13,425
18,980
17,990
95,080
Re-vaccin-
ation.
Total.
12
5
31
115
...
83
7
241
Successful
13
...
16
78
...
21
5
120
Percentage
of success-
ful cases.
Primary.
14
89.2
92.9
94.3
93.2
91.0
92.2
91.8
Re-vaccination.
15
...
51.6
67.8
...
25.3
71.4
49.8
Persons successfully vaccinated per
1,000 of population.
16
34.3
37.4
37.8
37.4
32.0
40.9
36.1
Average an-
nual number
of persons
successfully
vaccinated
during pre-
vious 5 years.
Number.
17
12,802
8,720
10,702
8,933
14,790
11,492
67,439
Ratio per 1,000.
18
22.3
32.2
27.3
24.9
24.9
26.1
25.6
Average an-
nual number
of deaths from
small-pox
during pre-
vious 5 years.
Number.
19
849
160
239
170
412
384
2,214
Ratio per 1,000.
20
1.5
.6
.6
.5
.7
.9
.8
[ 3 ]
A.—VACCINE DEPARTMENT.
STATEMENT No. II.—Showing the cost of the Department in the Hyderabad Assigned Districts during the year 1882-83.
No.
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
Circles and Districts.
2
Amraoti ... ...
Ellichpur ... ...
Wun
...
...
Basim ... ...
Akola... ... ..
Buldana ... ...
In camp with Superinten-
dent of Vaccination, Hy-
derabad Assigned Districts
Totals of Province ...
Establishment.
Superintendent General
3
1
1
Superintendents of Circles.
4
...
...
Deputy Superintendents.
5
...
...
Native Superintendents.
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
...
6
Vaccinators.
Head Vaccinators.
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
...
6
1st Class Vaccinators.
8
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
11
2nd Class Vaccinators.
9
2
...
3
2
3
2
...
12
3rd Class Vaccinators.
10
7
3
2
2
7
1
1
23
Apprentices.
11
2
1
2
2
1
4
...
12
Chaprasees and other servants.
12
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
Expenditure
Pay of Establishment.
13
Rs.
3,171
2,325
2,523
2,226
3,113
2,535
427
16,322
a.
8
7
2
12
5
4
0
8
p.
5
5
3
5
10
5
0
9
Travelling allowance.
14
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Cont i
nge nc i
e s .
15
Rs.
108
108
108
108
108
108
a.
3
3
3
3
3
3
p.
9
8
8
9
9
8
...
649 6 3
Total cost.
16
Rs.
3,371
2,433
2,631
2,335
3,221
2,643
427
17,063
a.
12
11
5
0
9
8
0
15
P.
2
1
11
2
7
1
0
0
Paid from
Imperial Funds.
17
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Provincial Funds.
18
Rs.
3,371
2,433
2,631
2,335
3,221
2,643
427
17,063
a.
12
11
5
0
9
8
0
15
p.
2
1
11
2
7
1
0
0
Local Funds.
19
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Municipalities.
20
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Native States.
21
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total.
22
Rs.
3,371
2,433
2,631
2,335
3,221
2,643
427
17,063
a.
12
11
5
0
9
8
0
15
p.
2
1
11
2
7
1
0
0
No. of all successful vaccination and
re-vaccination.
23
19,710
* 10,605
14,900
13,425
19,001
17,995
...
95,636
Average cost of each successful case.
24
Rs
0
0
0
0
0
0
a.
2
3
2
2
2
2
p
9
8
10
9
9
4
...
0 2 10
* Including 436 performed at Melghat.
[ 4 ]
B.—DISPENSARY VACCINATION.
STATEMENT No. III.—Showing Dispensary Vaccination in the Hyderabad Assigned Districts during the year 1882-83.
Districts.
1
Amraoti
...
...
...
Ellichpur
...
...
...
Wun ...
...
...
...
Basim ...
...
...
...
Akola ...
...
...
...
Buldana...
...
...
...
Total ...
Number of
dispensaries
in each dis-
trict to which
a vaccinator
is attached.
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Average
number of
vaccinators
attached to
dispensaries
during the
season.
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
number of
persons
vaccinated.
4
1,358
803
731
615
1,573
1,453
6,533
Average
number of
persons
vaccinated
by each
vaccinator.
5
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Primary vaccination.
Total.
6
1,352
803
731
608
1,553
1,445
6,492
Successful.
Under 1
year.
7
643
557
457
372
833
640
3,502
One and
under 6.
8
464
155
243
152
559
585
2,158
Total of
all ages.
9
1,134
720
700
525
1,392
1,214
5,685
Re-vaccination.
Total.
10
6
...
...
7
20
8
41
Successful.
11
1
...
...
3
7
2
13
Percentage of success-
ful cases.
Primary.
12
83.9
89.7
95.7
86.3
89.6
84.0
87.6
Re-vacci-
nation.
13
16.6
...
...
42.8
35.0
25.
31.7
[ 5 ]
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT NO. IV.—Showing the number of persons primarily vaccinated, and the number of those persons who were successfully vaccinated in the
Hyderabad Assigned Districts in each of the undermentioned official years.
Establishments.
Government. ...
Dispensaries ...
Total ...
Persons primarily vaccinated.
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1871-72.
34,706
970
35,676
28,966
836
29,802
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1872-73.
44,153
1,976
46,129
33,734
1,744
35,478
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1873-74.
41,650
2,168
43,818
29,932
1,865
31,797
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1874-75.
52,941
3,466
56,407
42,949
3,049
45,998
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1875-76.
60,582
4,735
65,317
48,658
3,810
52,468
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1876-77.
77,206
6,315
83,521
63,665
5,264
68,929
Total-
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1877-78.
97,010
4,514
101,524
79,200
3,819
83,019
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1878-79.
54,118
3,801
57,919
45,453
3,311
48,764
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1879-80.
69,731
2,307
72,038
62,009
1,951
63,960
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1880-81
80,083
5,592
85,675
69,406
4,897
74,303
Total
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vacci-
nated.
1881-82.
90,058
5,211
95,269
80,930
4,624
85,554
Total.
No.
No. suc-
cessfully
vaccinated.
1882-83.
103,517
6,492
110,009
95,080
5,685
100,765
C. LITTLE, M. D.,
Superintendent of Vaccination,.
Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
Extract from the Proceedings of the Resident at Hyderabad, No. 2432, dated
Hyderabad Residency, the 19th September 1883.
Read—
The Report on Vaccination in the Hyderabad Assigned Districts for the year 1882-83.
RESOLUTION.
THE only remark which the Resident has to make on this Report is that the
progress made in villages is, on the whole, satisfactory ; but the sullen attitude of
passive opposition taken up by the influential inhabitants of large towns does not
promise well for the introduction of compulsory vaccination into municipalities.
The medical staff appear to have done their best to remove this feeling, and
efforts will continue to be made in the same direction. The Report of Dr. Little
is one that is complete in itself, and cannot easily be summarized.
The number of children vaccinated ranges from 44 to 35 per 1,000 of the
population. 103,758 operations have been performed by vaccinators numbering 54.
Mr. Syed Abdul Karim deserves special mention for the advance made in the
Buldana District. Mr. Cordery hopes that Superintendent Trimbak Rao, of the
Akola District, will profit by the admonition conveyed to him for the inefficiency
of his work during the year. The Civil Surgeon at Buldana has inspected and
verified a large number of cases in the two last years, and this action on his part
may have contributed to the success in that district. Energy also has been shown
in the work of verification at Wun. But more operations might be performed at
dispensaries by influential Hospital Assistants than at present appear in the
returns. This deficiency has often been commented on. The attention of the
Superintendent is again especially invited to it. It might also be well worth
while to supply the vaccinators with the instruments of latest invention, which are
said to be of a simple character, for their operations.
(By order,)
G. H. TREVOR,
Secretary for Berar,
B261
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION
IN THE
HYDERABAD ASSIGNED DISTRICTS,
FOR THE
OFFICIAL YEAR 1883-84.
BY
SURGEON-MAJOR C. LITTLE, M. D.
Hyderabad :
PRINTED AT THE RESIDENCY GOVERNMENT PRESS.
1884.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Submission of Vaccination Report for 1883-84... ...
Establishment ... ... ... ...
Lymph how received ... ... ... ...
Season's work ... ... ... ...
Statement No. I. ... ... ... ...
Sex ... ... ... ... ...
Age ... ... ... ... ... ...
Map and Statement ... ... ... ...
Work of Superintendents ... ... ...
Work of Civil Surgeons
...
...
...
...
Statement No. II.—Cost of Establishment ... ...
Dispensary Vaccination... ... ... ...
Attitude of the people in regard to vaccination ... ...
Conduct of vaccination Staff ... ... ...
Para.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
B254
No. 6233 OF 1884.
FROM
S. O. B. RIDSDALE, ESQUIRE, C. S.
Commissioner,
Hyderabad Assigned Districts,
To
THE SECRETARY FOR BERAR TO THE RESIDENT,
Hyderabad.
DATED AMRAOTI, 31st July 1884.
I have the honour to forward the Vaccination Report for the past year 1883-84,
which reached me on the 24th instant.
2. The year's work appears to have been as follows, compared with the
results of the three preceding years :—
Number of operations ... ...
Percentage successful ... ...
1880-81.
80,150 ...
86.7 ...
1881-82.
90,169 ...
89.8 ...
1882-83.
110,504 ...
91.6 ...
1883-84.
86,471
92.69
There has been accordingly a large falling off, amounting to 21 per cent., in
the number of operations, the total number being less than in 1881-82, but the
percentage of successful cases shows a steady improvement.
This serious decrease in the number of vaccinations is attributed by Doctor
Little, partly to the introduction of a new system of organizing the department,
whereby the number of vaccinators has been reduced from 54 to 42, while they
are kept at work for 10 months of the year instead of for only 6 months as here-
tofore ; and partly to the unhealthiness of the year, owing to which both the
death-rate among infants largely increased, and people were no doubt the less
willing to submit their children to the operators.
3. The new system having been only introduced since November 1st, and
the year having been rather specially unfavourable, it is perhaps, as Doctor Little
observes, too early to judge fairly of the result of the change of system. At
present indeed it seems to promise not very hopefully. The theory of the change
was of course that equal, if not better, results would be achieved by keeping a
smaller establishment longer at work. If this result is not obtained it may
perhaps be found necessary to increase the staff. We can scarcely complain of the
want of progress of vaccination when we voluntarily reduce the number of
operators.
4. Individually also the average amount of work done by each operator has
been less than last year, the general average number of operations performed by
each vaccinator having been 1,887, against 1,921 last year.
5. The increased proportion of infants among those vaccinated is a
satisfactory feature. It would also appear from Dr. Little's figures in Table IX.
that of the total number of infants living at the end of the year 75 per cent. were
protected by vaccination. This, however, supposes that none of the infants
vaccinated were among those which died, which I am not sure was the case.
B254
( 2 )
6. The work of supervision by the officers of the special department appears
to have improved, 61.5 per cent. of the total operations having been verified,
against 51 percent. last year, and the work having been inspected in 2,825
villages, against 2,268 in last year's returns.
This is creditable. The supervision work, however, performed by Civil Sur-
geons is conspicuously defective. In only two districts, Wun and Buldana, was
any work of the kind done at all, and only in the latter was the amount of work
adequate and satisfactory. No explanation is given. If this work of supervising
vaccination in head-quarter circles forms part of the Civil Surgeon's duties, as I
understand it does, they should not be permitted to neglect it.
7. The total number of dispensary vaccinations has slightly increased, but
in many dispensaries the work performed is very insufficient. Doctor Little
observes that Civil Surgeons require to pay more -attention to the point in their
quarterly inspections.
8. The employment of the staff of vaccinators on cholera duty was of very
great assistance during the prevalence of the epidemic last year. It is one of the
principal advantages of the new system of organization, above alluded to, that
these men will now be available permanently for employment on duties of this
nature during the months when but little vaccination work is possible.
9. Municipalities have been invited to consider the question of making
vaccination compulsory within their limits; and the committees of Khamgaon,
Shegaon, Akola and Basim, have already passed resolutions for the introduc-
tion of a bye-law to this effect. In the municipalities of Amraoti and Ellichpur
the matter is still under consideration.
If when vaccination has thus been made compulsory in these towns the
result can be pointed to that these localities enjoy immunity from small-pox when
villages not similarly protected suffer, the effect in the encouragement of vaccina-
tion will be practically as great as that of any general measure for making it
universally compulsory.
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient Servant,
S. O. B. RIDSDALE,
Commissioner,
Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
No. 109.
FROM
SURGEON-MAJOR CHARLES LITTLE, M. D., M. C., L. R. C. S., L. M.,
Sanitary Commissioner, & c.,
Hyderabad Assigned Districts,
To
S. O. B. RIDSDALE, ESQUIRE, C. S.,
Commissioner, Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
DATED AMRAOTI, 23rd June 1884.
SIR,
I have the honour to submit my annual Report on the working of the Vacci-
nation Department of the Hyderabad Assigned Districts for the year 1883-84.
Establishment.
2. When the Vaccination Establishment was first organized vaccinators
were entertained solely for vaccination work.
Vaccine operations were carried on for but six
months of the year, from the 1st October to the 31st March, and for the other
six months the staff was permitted to return to its home on reduced pay. The
majority of the vaccinators had their homes in the Bombay Presidency or the
Central Provinces, and but few were residents of Berar.
Within the last few years, however, the Vaccination Establishment has, in
accordance with the views of Government, been employed on other sanitary
duties, and, during cholera epidemics, in distributing medicines amongst the
cholera-stricken. Under these changed circumstances of the department, and
owing to the difficulty experienced in promptly assembling the vaccinators for
cholera duty after they had gone to their homes, it appeared advisable that the
establishment should be re-organized, the men being employed throughout the
whole year, and compelled to reside within their respective circles, so that not
only would the people come to know their vaccinator better, and have more confi-
dence in him, but also there would always be a staff ready at hand in each district
to be employed on any sanitary duty for which the District Officer or Civil Sur-
geon might require of it, or in affording aid to the people during the prevalence
of epidemics.
In order to effect this without any extra expense to Government, it was pro-
posed to re-distribute the vaccination circles, still keeping them conterminous
with police circles, but assigning to each a population of about 60,000 inhabi-
tants ; thus reducing the number of circles by 13, and the establishment required
to work them from 77 to 63.
This staff it was proposed to employ throughout the year on full pay for ten
months on vaccination work, and for two months, May and June, when the weather
is not so favourable for vaccination, in furthering village sanitation under the
direction of Civil Surgeons.
This reduction of the establishment, some 23 per cent., would not, it was
estimated, detrimentally affect the out-turn of work, as the vaccinators would be
employed on vaccine operations for ten months instead of for six as heretofore.
B254
[ 2 ]
This revision of the vaccination establishment, resulting in a saving to
Government of Rs. 7 per annum, having been sanctioned by the Resident, was
given effect to on the 1st November 1883.
The table given below shows the new scale of establishment compared with
old scale:—
TABLE No. I.—Comparing old and new scale of establishment.
Sanctioned establishment as
it stood on the 1st April
1883 ... ...
Establishment as revised
from 1st November 1883.
Establishment.
Native Su-
perintend-
ents.
6
7
Head vac-
cinators.
6
5
First
Class.
12
5
Second
Class.
12
12
Third
Class.
26
21
Appren-
tice.
8
6
Peons.
7
7
Total.
77
63
The character of the staff was satisfactory. No complaints were received
against the vaccinators who, as a rule, work harmoniously with the people. Only
five punishments were inflicted during the year, three fines and two reductions.
Lymph how raised.
3. Two supplies of animal lymph were received from the Bombay Vaccine
Department on the 10th and 17th of September,
respectively. They proved successful, and on the
21st and again on the 25th September, Superintendents were supplied with
animal lymph in tubes. With these supplies calves were successfully inoculated
in each district, and lymph distributed to each vaccinator, so that by the end of
October, work was progressing in every circle. Animal lymph was then allowed
to die out, and the work was carried on by arm-to-arm vaccination, or by the
means of lymph preserved on points.
At Amraoti animal lymph was kept up throughout the year at the expense
of the municipality.
Season's work.
4. The work done by the different establish-
ments during 1883-84 is shown below :—
TABLE No. II.—Showing work done by different Establishments
in the Province during 1883-84.
Establishment.
Special Vaccination Estab-
lishment ... ...
Dispensary ... ...
Melghat
...
...
Municipal
...
...
Total ...
Primary.
Total.
78,994
6,984
399
*94
86,471
Successful.
73,453
6,258
354
82
80,147
Re-vaccination.
Total.
210
40
...
...
250
Successful.
73
17
...
...
90
Percentage of success.
Primary.
92.98
89.60
88.72
87.23
92.69
Re-vacci-
nation.
34.8
42.5
...
...
36
* These children were operated upon by a vaccinator employed by the Basim Municipality as a tem-
porary measure during March 1884.
The aggregate number of operations performed was 86,471, as compared
with 110,504 in the previous year, being a decrease of 24,033. This falling off
is due to two causes:—
(1.) To the reduction of the establishment, which this year necessarily
affects unfavourably the out-turn.of work, as the reduced staff has only been
[ 3 ]
working six months. Next season's work will more fairly compare with
that of previous years.
(2.) To the very great mortality amongst children during the year. The
death-rate amongst infants was 23 per cent., and that amongst children from
under one to under five years reached no less than 51.6 per cent. of total
deaths. From every circle the complaint was general that there were very
few children for vaccination.
Statement No. I.
5. Statement No. I. gives full particulars of the year's work performed by
the special vaccination establishment, and the
subjoined table compares some of the provincial
totals with those of the previous year.
TABLE NO. III.—Comparing vaccination work under certain heads for 1883-84
with 1882-83.
Years.
1882-83 ...
1883-84 ...
Total
number
of vac-
cinators.
54
42
Total
vac-
cinated.
103,758
79,204
Average
number
by each
vac-
cinator.
1,921
1,887
Percentage of
success.
Primary
91.8
92.9
Re-vac-
cination.
49.8
34.8
Per 1,000 of
population
successfully
vaccinated.
36.1
27.9
Quinquennial
mean success
vaccinated.
Ratio per
1,000.
25.6
26.8
Quinquennial
mean deaths
from small-
pox. Ratio
per 1,000.
.8
.17
Though there has been a falling-off in the amount of work performed as
accounted for above, yet the quality of the work has improved, the percentage of
success in primary operations being 1.1 per cent. higher than in 1882-83. This
percentage of success, I would remark, has been worked on the vaccinators' figures,
as corrected by superintendents after verification of work, and indicates both
greater care on the part of the operator and better supervision on the part of the
superintendent.
The average number of operations performed by each vaccinator was 34 less
than in the previous year, due to there being fewer children for vaccination.
The following table shows by districts the average number of operations
performed by each vaccinator during the past five years :—
TABLE NO. IV.—Showing average number of operations performed in each district by
each Vaccinator for five years ending 1883-84.
Districts.
Amraoti ... ...
Ellichpur ... ...
Wun ... ...
Basim ... ...
Akola... ...
Buldana ... ...
Total ...
Years.
1879-80.
1,234
1,648
1,084
1,190
1,512
1,813
1,396
1880-81.
1,672
1,079
1,364
1,169
1,349
1,336
1,358
1881-82.
1,565
1,714
1,702
1,963
1,749
1,416
1,670
1882-83.
1,843
1,826
1,979
2,058
1,745
2,168
1,921
1883-84.
1,871
1,987
1,888
1,814
1,790
2,030
1,887
The best results were obtained in the Buldana and Ellichpur Districts; Akola
still remains lowest on the list.
The next table exhibits the rates of success obtained in primary and