NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
20
The flower gardens and hedges inside and outside the
hospital were entirely maintained by patients and kept in good
order.
At the local Agricultural Exhibition in 1937, the hospital
secured 4 First Class Certificates for the following :—
1. Oranges.
2. Plantains.
3. Sugarcanes.
4. Brinjals.
Appended below is a table showing the total garden produce
during 1937 :—
Vegetables, fruits, etc.
Turnips .. .. ..
Sweet Potatoes .. .. ..
Bottle Gourds .. .. ..
Brinjals .. .. ..
Tomatoes .. .. ..
Cabbages .. .. ..
Sag .. .. ..
Peas .. .. ..
Ash Gourds .. .. ..
Pumpkins .. .. ..
Cauliflowers .. .. ..
Beans .. .. ..
Green plantains .. .. ..
Knol Kohls .. .. ..
Salad .. .. ..
Arum .. .. ..
Carrots .. .. ..
Beets .. .. ..
Luffas .. .. ..
Quantity.
Mds.
260
200
216
330
127
792
233
128
87
762
283
25
10
93
15
125
99
26
366
srs.
38
19
35
18
16
19
22
24
26
12
14
19
16
13
24
0
11
2
0
ch.
4
0
5
7
15
12
8
7
14
10½
12
10
2
1
6
15
10
6
8
21
Vegetables, fruits, etc.
Bitter Gourds
..
...
...
Cucumber .. .. ..
Celery .. .. ..
Radish .. .. ..
Green Papayas .. .. ..
Lady's Finger .. .. ..
Snake Gourds .. .. ..
Potatoes .. .. ..
Green Mangoes .. .. ..
Fruits—
Sugarcane .. .. ..
Groundnut .. .. ..
Maize Cobs .. .. ..
Cucumber .. .. ..
Water Melon .. .. ..
Musk Melon .. .. ..
Ripe Mangoes .. .. ..
Ripe Papayas .. .. ..
Mulbery .. .. ..
Peaches
..
..
..
Phalsas .. .. ..
Sweet limes .. .. ..
Pomelos .. .. ..
Oranges .. .. ..
Guavas .. .. ..
Sour Lemons .. .. ..
Ripe Plantains .. .. ..
Jack Fruits .. .. ..
Quantity.
Mds.
9
37
0
226
33
347
11
211
0
srs.
20
25
6
25
20
22
10
15
18
ch.
2
12
0
12
0
1
0
0
0
139
10
8
1
0
0
Nos.
1,078
10,820
224
1,662
658
Mds.
317
1
14
0
srs.
32
18
17
22
ch.
4
8
4
6
Nos.
781
1,386
5,959
54,986
25,633
4,613
5
22
Fruits—
Grape Fruits .. .. ..
Lichis .. .. .. ..
Custard Apples .. .. ..
Bale Fruits .. .. ..
Rose Apples
..
.. ..
Spices—
Onion .. .. .. ..
Garlic
.. ..
.. ..
Cereals—
Coarse Rice ..
..
.. ..
Arwa Fine Rice .. .. ..
Ushna Fine Rice .. .. ..
Poultry—
Fowls
..
..
..
..
Eggs
..
..
..
..
Miscellaneous—
Gur
..
..
..
..
Fodder*
..
..
..
..
Quantity.
Nos.
48
2,767
107
90
9,190
Mds. srs. ch.
108
11
27
13
13
0
33
19
9
31
2
32
8
8
0
Nos.
35
7,711
Mds. srs. ch.
117
980
7
0
0
0
*Straw ... ... ... ...
Cabbages
... ... ... ...
Grass
...
...
...
...
Mds.
182
206
591
srs.
0
20
20
ch.
0
0
0
The total value of the produce from the Garden and Poultry
Farm during 1937 was as follows :—
Vegetables, Fruits, etc. .. .. ..
Fodder for hospital cattle .. .. ..
Total .. ..
Vegetables, etc., sold to the staff and public
Rs.
23,047
367
23,415
1,747
25,162
a.
14
8
6
3
9
p.
9
0
9
0
9
23
33. Finance.—(1) Receipts.—The receipts from all sources
amounted to Rs. 27,422-9-4 in 1937, as compared with
Rs. 27,390-13-3 in 1936 and Rs. 26,490-7-2 in 1935.
The following table shows the total amount of realisation
from paying patients and also the miscellaneous receipts which
include the sale proceeds of vegetables and other articles manu-
factured by the patients in the Occupational Therapy Depart-
ments :—
Heads.
Receipts from paying
patients.
Miscellaneous ..
1937.
Rs.
25,101
2,320
a.
11
14
p.
1
3
1936.
Rs.
25,253
2,136
a.
14
14
p.
6
9
1935.
Rs.
24,486
2,004
a.
1
6
p.
2
0
(2) Expenditure.—The total expenditure exclusive of
amounts received from paying patients and miscellaneous receipts
was Rs. 4,83,678-5-4 in 1937 as compared with Rs. 4,72,664-3-0
in 1936 and Rs. 4,64,653-5-3 in 1935.
34. The following table will show the annual average cost
per patient during the year under report and two previous
years :—
Year.
1937
.. ..
1936
.. ..
1935
..
..
Annual cost per
head including
P. W. D. charges.
Rs.
365
361
360
a.
9
6
9
p.
9
6
9
Annual cost per
head excluding
P. W. D. charges.
Rs.
331
327
326
a.
0
5
13
p.
4
4
4
The increased cost per head during 1937 as compared to
1936 and 1935 is mainly due to the increase in the number of
patients during 1937 as a result of increased accommodation in
the Male Section sanctioned by Government from the 1st October
1936.
35. Staff.—Medical—Transfers.—During
the year under
report Civil Assistant Surgeon Dr. Muhammad Husain, M.B.,
24
Second Assistant Superintendent and Senior Sub-Assistant
Surgeon Dr. Rajendra Chandra Das, having completed their
two years' course of training in this hospital were returned to
Bengal and were succeeded by Civil Assistant Surgeon Dr.
Amulya Mohan Sen, M.B., and Sub-Assistant Surgeon Dr. Atul
Chandra Bhattacharjee.
Retirement.—Mr. P. S. Marley, the permanent Steward of
the hospital, retired on pension during the year under report.
He was succeeded by Mr. C. Cooper-Abbs from the Medical
College Hospital, Calcutta.
Health of staff.—The general health of the staff throughout
the year was good.
Conduct of the staff.—The conduct of the staff generally
has been very good. Much of the success of the hospital, the
happiness of the patients and the increase in the recovery rate
are due to their nursing care, their tact and their sympathy, and
I express my indebtedness to the staff as a whole for their
loyalty and whole-hearted co-operation in the management of the
hospital. My grateful thanks are also due to Dr. S. A. Mozaffar,
M.B., First Assistant Superintendent for his valuable help and
constant loyalty to me.
36. Managing Committee.—As usual, two half-yearly
meetings of the Managing Committee were held during the year
under report.
The members of the Managing Commitee were the same
as reported in my last report, except that Maulavi Abdul
Hakeem, M.A., B.L., M.L.A., Pleader, Khulna, was appointed
in place of the late Rev. B. A. Nag, who died in March,
1937.
I once more extend my thanks to the Chairman and
members of the Managing Committee for their unvarying
support and encouragement which I have received during the
year under review.
37. Committee of Visitors.—Both ladies and gentlemen of
the Board of Visitors took a keen interest in the welfare of the
hospital and worked throughout the year with unremitting
zeal.
Twelve meetings in the Male Section and 12 in the Female
Section were held during the year under report,
25
The hospital was also visited by the following officials
and other distinguished personages during the year under
report:—
1. Secretary to the Government of Bengal, Local Self-Government
Department.
2. Surgeon-General with the Government of Bengal.
3. Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, Bihar.
4. Director of Health and Prisons Services, Orissa.
5. The members of the Managing Committee.
6. The Commissioner of Chota Nagpur, Ranchi.
7. The Hon'ble Mr. Jaglal Chaudhury, Minister of Excise,
Government of Bihar.
8. Dr. Edward Mapother, M.D., F.R.C.S., F.R.C.P., of the Maudsley
Hospital, London.
Dr. Edward Mapother is a Professor of Psychiatry of the
London University and the Medical Superintendent of the
famous Maudsley Hospital, London and a Psychiatrist of Inter-
national fame. He paid a visit to this hospital on 1st January
1938 and it will be presumably permissible to reproduce here
his note of inspection of the hospital:—
" I visited the Indian Mental Hospital at Ranchi on
January 1st, 1938, and was most favourably impressed by all
I saw. It is evident that under the direction of Lt.-Col. J. E.
Dhunjibhoy the greatest care and skill is exercised in the
diagnosis and treatment of new cases upon arrival there, so that
all such patients may be given the best possible chance
of recovery.
With regard to more long standing cases, the arrangements
for occupational treatment and recreation such as will render
their lives as happy as possible are strikingly good. The
physical condition of the great majority of the patients seemed
excellent: they appeared as content with their lot as could
possibly be expected and appreciative of the kindness and
sympathy which inspired the Staff of the hospital and parti-
cularly the medical staff. The whole state of the hospital
seemed, so far as I could judge, to reflect the greatest credit
upon the Administration of Colonel Dhunjibhoy."
38. Casual Visitors.—Besides, the hospital was visited by
many ladies and gentlemen, Indians and Europeans, throughout
26
the period under report. I would also like to record my indeb-
tedness to all who were so kind as to contribute large and
small sums of money to the Donation Fund of the hospital
while on a visit to the hospital or on special appeal from us.
39. Lectures. —As in the previous years the students of the
Prince of Wales Medical College, Patna, were sent in two batches
to this hospital during the year under report for intensive
training in mental diseases with demonstration of cases.
The Post-graduate students of the Department of Psycho-
logy and Philosophy of the Universities of Calcutta and Dacca
visited the hospital during the year as in previous years. On
these occasions I delivered short lectures to them with demons-
trations of cases.
40. General.—(1) Kanke Employes Co-operative Society,
Ltd.—As stated in my last Annual Report, the Society is proving
extremely beneficial every day to the staff and shows credit
balance and a large membership within such a short period of
its existence. My best thanks are due to all the members of
the Managing Committee of the Society for devoting their spare
time to the work of the Society and thus helping their poor
and needy colleagues.
(2) Opening of a Psychiatric Clinic at Patna.—An out-
patients Psychiatric Clinic will be shortly opened at the Medical
College Hospital. It is a matter of great satisfaction to learn
that the local Government are favourably considering my
proposal mentioned in my last Annual Report (1936) for
opening a Psychiatric Clinic and there is every hope that such
a clinic will be shortly opened at the Patna Medical College
hospital. In this connection I reproduce with great pleasure
the following extract of a letter from the Inspector-General of
Civil Hospitals, Bihar.
" With reference to paragraph 10 of the Annual Report
on the working of the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital for 1936,
I have the honour to say that Government are favourably con-
sidering a proposal to introduce a one-day clinic per week in
Psychiatry at the Patna Medical College Hospital out-patients
and further a suggestion that you yourself might be prepared to
visit this clinique for two days each year to deliver demonstra-
tions in mental cases there and thus stimulate the investigation
of early mental disease at the Medical College Hospital and
connect up the teaching there with the Ranchi Indian Mental
Hospital course of instruction for our medical students there
27
with your visits to the Medical College here. A definite
advance in the training of students and in the treatment of
patients in this speciality would thereby be attained. On this
occasion a lecture to Post-graduates in Patna, direct or through
the B. M. A. or L. M. A. might also be arranged."
It is now my fervent request to Government that they
will also favourably consider in the near future the opening
of a Psychiatric Ward in the Patna Medical College Hospital
to facilitate the work of the Psychiatric Clinic by providing
in-door treatment of early mental diseases.
(3) Investigations.—(a) Enteric Group Bacilli including
Bacillus Asiaticus of Castellani and Mental Disorders.—During
the last two years as many as 8 cases were admitted in the
hospital for treatment as certified cases of Manic Depressive
Psychosis and Schizophrenic types of reactions. All were
educated young men and some were students from schools and
colleges. Everyone gave the same common history that previous
to the mental break-down they all had suffered from a severe
type of enteric fever lasting from 22 to 42 days or more and had
delirious symptoms during the course of the fever. The family
history showed no psychopathic or neuropathic heredity in all
cases. The family histories were obtained from reliable and intel-
ligent sources. All the patients developed mental symptoms after
varying period of two months to two years after complete
recovery from enteric, and the stools of all the patients on
admission were positive for either bacilli of enteric group or
Castellani.
The above stated similarity in the history made me very
suspicious as to the causation of their mental disorders whether
it was a direct outcome of some toxins from the enteric group
bacilli or was it due to occluding of the arteriole of the brain
by these bacilli. All the patients recovered after a varying
period of 4 months to one year after treatment. One of them
has been re-admitted as a relapsed case after a year's stay at
home and his stool on return was found to be again positive for
enteric group bacilli. I therefore promptly wrote to Sir Aldo
Castellani of Kisymaio who is considered an authority on such
matters and his reply was as follows :—
" With regard to your enquiry as to whether the toxin
produced by Bacillus asiaticus and similar bacilli produce
mental symptoms, this cannot be excluded but I doubt very
much whether it is so."
28
In the British Medical Journal of 1937 page 219 a very
illuminating article has been written by Drs. P. Phillips and
R. T. Cooke on the subject of Typhoid Bacilli stating that as a
Pyogenic organism Typhoid Bacillus is well-known as one which
may be long in producing this effect. In the article the authors
give an exceedingly interesting clinical and bacteriological
reports of cases who developed " Typhoid Abscesses " years
after the original attack of Typhoid such as 7, 11, 14, 24
and as late as 57 years. The article strengthens my suspicion
about my cases that Enteric may be the sole cause of their
mental break-down. During 1938, a few more cases of similar
type have been admitted into the hospital and the subject is
under further investigation and the results will be produced
in our next report.
(b) Atebrin and mental disorders.—During the year under
review the following 25 bacteriologically positive cases of
Malaria were treated with the drug Atebrin :—
M. T. ..
..
..
..
B. T. ..
..
..
..
Mixed M. T. and B. T. ... .. ..
Total ..
15
4
6
25
Some workers in the field of Malaria had pointed out from
time to time that Atebrin at times causes mental break-down
in some sane people to whom it was administered for the
treatment of Malaria, we therefore decided to try this drug in
case of mental patients with a view to find out if the drug
causes more mental excitement or relapse of symptoms in such
cases. 16 patients were treated by Atebrin injections and nine
by oral administration and none showed any signs of severe
excitement or exacerbation of their original mental symptoms
by the administration of Atebrin. My cases included every
type of mental disorder and at the time of experiment some
patients were in the Lucid Interval and others in hypo-manic
conditions.
(4) Re-election on the international committee of 100 for
mental hygiene.—At the meeting of the Members of the Inter-
national Committee for Mental Hygiene held in Paris on the
25th July 1937, I was re-elected as its Member for a further
period of five years by the International Governing Body. The
29
Committee also recommended to hold the 3rd International
Congress on Mental Hygiene at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
during 1940.
(5) Papers contributed.—During the year under report
I contributed two papers to the Medical Journals as follows :—
(1) A paper entitled " Treatment of Schizophrenia by
induced Convulsions " was published in the
Lancet of 12th February 1938.
(2) Another paper was contributed to the Indian Medical
Gazette entitled " Treatment of Schizophrenia by
inducing Epileptiform
Shocks by the Drug
Cardiazol " which appeared in its issue of June
1938.
J. E. DHUNJIBHOY, LT.-COL., I.M.S.,
Superintendent,
Indian Mental Hospital,
Kanke (Ranchi).
30
STATEMENT
Showing the admissions, discharges, etc., of patients in the Ranchi Indian
1
Years
1937 .. ..
1936 .. ..
1935 .. ..
2
Remained on 1st
January.
Males.
1,062
1,053
1,044
Females.
256
249
239
Total.
1,318
1,302
1,283
3
Admitted.
Males.
110
91
107
Females.
26
38
34
Total.
136
129
141
4
Re-admitted.
Males.
12
13
3
Females.
6
5
1
Total.
18
18
4
5
Total population.
Males.
1,184
1,157
1,154
Females.
288
292
274
Total.
1,472
1,449
1,428
Years.
1937 ... ...
1936 ... ...
1935 ... ...
7
Died.
Males.
31
27
34
Females.
8
6
11
Total.
39
33
45
8
Remaining on
31st December.
Males.
1,068
1,062
1,053
Females.
256
256
249
Total.
1,324
1,318
1,302
9
Daily average strength.
Males.
1067.40
1055.51
1047.38
Females.
255.53
252.33
241.14
Total.
1322.93
1307.84
1288.52
10
Daily average sick.
Males.
60.63
62.57
56.92
Females.
13.50
11.20
11.30
Total.
74.13
73.77
68.22
(a) Transferred to the Ranchi
NOTE.—This statement excludes
The capacity of the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital is at 50 superficial feet per patient
The maximum number of lunatics confined on any one night was
31
No. I
Mental Hospital, Kanke, during the year 1937, and the two previous years.
6
Discharged.
A
Cured.
Males.
68
53
55
Females.
16
22
10
Total.
84
75
65
B
Transferred to friends.
Improved.
Males.
9
12
9
Females.
6
7
3
Total.
15
19
12
Not improved.
Males.
7
3
2
Females.
2
1
1
Total.
9
4
3
C
Otherwise.
Males.
1
...
1
Females.
...
...
...
Total.
(a)
1
...
1
D
Total.
Males.
85
68
67
Females.
24
30
14
Total.
109
98
81
11
Percentage to—
Daily average strength.
A
Cured.
Males.
6.37
5.02
5.25
Females.
6.26
8.72
4.15
Total.
6.35
5.73
5.04
B
Died.
Males.
2.90
2.56
3.25
Females.
3.13
2.38
4.56
Total.
2.95
2.52
3.49
Admissions.
C
Cured.
Males.
27.87
21.15
12.80
Females.
31.25
25.58
11.43
Total.
28.57
23.42
17.81
D
Died.
Males.
3.28
...
1.80
Females.
3.13
...
5.71
Total.
3.25
...
2.73
European Mental Hospital.
observation cases.
1,014+94 for males, 272 for females = Total 1,266+94.
1,086 males 258 females=Total 1,344.
32
STATEMENT II
Showing cases admitted for observation in the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital, Kanke, during the year 1937.
Name of Hospital.
Indian
Mental
Hospital,
Kanke,
Ranchi.
Year.
1937 ...
Remaining on 1st January
1937.
M.
...
F.
...
T.
...
Admitted during 1937.
M.
2
F.
1
T.
3
Re-admitted.
M.
...
F.
...
T.
...
Certified and admitted into the
Hospital.
M.
1
F.
1
T.
2
Certified and released under
section 14 of Act IV of 1912.
M.
...
F.
...
T.
...
Released as uncertified.
M.
1
F.
...
T.
1
Died.
M.
...
F.
...
T.
...
Remaining on 31st December
1937.
M.
...
F.
...
T.
...
Remarks.
33
STATEMENT III.
Return of criminal patients in the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital, Kanke, for the year 1937, and the two previous years.
1
Years.
1937
...
1936 ...
1935 ...
2
Remaining on 1st
January.
Males.
436
450
433
Females.
48
51
43
Total.
484
501
476
3
Admitted.
Males.
31
25
48
Females.
5
5
10
Total.
36
30
58
4
Re-admitted.
Males.
3
6
2
Females.
4
2
...
Total.
7
8
2
5
Total.
Males.
470
481
483
Females.
57
58
53
Total.
527
539
536
6
Discharged, trans-
ferred, etc.
Males.
24
36
22
Females.
8
9
1
Total.
(a)
32
(b)
45
(c)
23
7
Died.
Males.
7
9
11
Females.
1
1
1
Total.
8
10
12
8
Remaining on 31st
December.
Males.
439
436
450
Females.
48
48
51
Total.
487
484
501
9
Daily average
strength.
Males.
432.69
432.71
438.83
Females.
41.24
41.03
42.51
Total.
474.93
473.74
481.34
(a) Of which 7 male and 1 female patients were transferred to the non-criminal class.
(b) Do.
18 male and 6
Ditto
Ditto.
(c) Do. 11 male were transferred to the non-criminal class and 1 male escaped and is still at large.
34
STATEMENT IV
Return showing the religion, sex and residence of patients admitted into the Ranchi Indian Mental Hospital, Kanke,
during the year 1937.
1
Districts.
Aligarh U. P.
...
...
Amritsar Punjab
...
...
Azamgarh
...
...
...
Balasore
...
...
...
Ballia
...
... ...
Bankura ... ... ...
Barisal
... ... ...
Benares
.
.
.
... ...
Bhagalpore ...
...
...
Birbhum
...
...
...
Bogra
...
... ...
Bombay ... ... ...
2
Hindus.
Males.
...
1
...
1
1
3
3
...
1
2
...
1
Females.
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
Total.
1
1
...
1
1
3
4
...
1
2
...
1
3
Muhammadans.
Males.
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
1
...
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
Total.
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
1
1
...
1
...
4
Christians.
Europeans and
Eurasians.
Males.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Indians.
Males.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
5
Other castes.
Males.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Females.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... ...
Total.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
6
Total.
Males.
...
1
1
1
1
3
3
...
2
2
1
1
Females.
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
1 ...
...
... ...
Total.
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
2
2
1
1
35
Calcutta ... ... ...
Champaran ... ... ...
Chittagong ... ... ...
Cuttack ... ... ...
Dacca
...
...
...
Darbhanga
...
...
...
Darjeeling
...
...
...
Faridpore
...
...
...
Ganjam
...
...
...
Gaya
...
...
...
Ghazipore
... ... ...
Hazaribagh ... ... ...
Homeless
...
... ...
Hooghly
...
... ...
Howrah
...
...
...
Jalpaiguri ... ... ...
Jessore
... ... ...
Jaunpore U. P.
...
...
Khulna
...
... ...
Madras ... ... ...
Manbhum ... ... ...
Midnapur
... ... ...
Monghyr
...
... ...
Muzaffarpur ... ... ...
Mymansingh ... ... ...
Nadia ... ... ...
Nepal
...
...
...
Neakhali
...
...
...
9
1
2
1
3
1
1
2
3
...
...
2
2
...
2
...
1
2
1
...
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
10
1
2
1
3
1
2
2
3
1
...
2
2
2
2
...
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
1
3
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
3
...
1
1
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
3
1
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
5
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
3
...
1
1
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
1
3
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
..
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
2
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
1
...
2
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12
1
5
2
5
1
1
2
4
...
1
3
5
...
3
1
1
2
3
...
1
2
1
1
4
4
2
1
6
...
1
...
...
...
1
...
...
1
...
...
...
2
...
...
...
...
...
1
...
...
...
2
...
...
1
...
18
1
6
2
5
1
2
2
4
1
1
3
5
2
3
1
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
4
4
3
1