NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( 5 )
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT NO. IV.—Showing the number of persons primarily vaccinated and the number of those persons who were successfully vaccinated in the
Hyderabad Assigned Districts in each of the undermentioned official years.
Establishments.
Government ... ... ...
Dispensaries
...
...
...
Municipalities ... ... ...
Total ...
Persons primarily vaccinated.
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1876-77.
77,206
6,515
...
83,521
63,665
5,264
...
68,929
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1877-78.
97,010
4,514
...
101,524
79,200
3,819
...
83,019
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1878-79.
54,118
3,801
...
57,919
45,453
3,311
...
48,764
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1879-80.
69,731
2,307
...
72,038
62,009
1,951
...
63,960
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1880-81.
80,083
5,592
...
85,675
69,406
4,897
...
74,303
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1881-82.
90,058
5,211
...
95,269
80,930
4,624
...
85,554
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1882-83.
103,517
6,492
...
110,009
95,080
5,685
...
100,765
Total
NO.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1883-84.
78,994
6,984
94
86,072
73,453
6,258
82
79,793
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1884-85.
92,920
7,535
515
100,970
88,615
6,781
409
95,805
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1885-86.
91,056
6,483
...
97,539
87,105
5,922
...
93,027
Total
No.
No.
success-
fully
vacci-
nated.
1886-87.
86,898
7,226
...
94,124
83,554
6,672
...
90,226
Total
No.
No.
success
fully
vacci-
nated.
1887-88.
89,976
6,749
...
96,725
86,824
6,294
...
93,118
B122-3
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION
IN THE
HYDERABAD ASSIGNED DISTRICTS
FOR THE
OFFICIAL YEAR 1888-89.
BY
SURGEON-MAJOR CHARLES LITTLE, M.D.
Hyderabad :
PRINTED AT THE RESIDENCY GOVERNMENT PRESS.
1889.
Price 1 Rupee per copy.
No. 91 OF 1889.
FROM
T. CHICHELE PLOWDEN, ESQ., C. S.,
Commissioner, Hyderabad Assigned Districts,
To
THE SECRETARY FOR BERAR TO THE RESIDENT,
Hyderabad.
DATED CHIKALDA, 14th June 1889.
SIR,
As requested in your endorsement No. 1834-M of the 5th June 1889, I
have the honour to return Dr. Little's notes on the annual vaccination statistics
for 1888-89 and to submit the following remarks.
2. Statement I.—The number of vaccinators employed in the valley dis-
tricts was the same as last year, viz., 42. Two extra men were sanctioned for
the Melghat, but only one was employed. The total number of persons vacci-
nated was 96,458, compared with 90,311 in the preceding year, and the average
number of operations by each vaccinator was 2,243, compared with 2,150—the
lower proportion being due to the small number of vaccinations in the Melghat,
viz., 358 as against 2,318 in 1887-88.
*In column II of Statement I the
figure should be 335 and not 340.
The number of primary vaccinations increased (+2,522), so also of re-vacci-
nations (+3,625), due to the greater attention given to the subject in all the
districts except Basim*. The percentage of
success claimed by vaccinators in primary opera-
tions was practically the same as last year, 96.4,
against 96.5, while in re-vaccination it was less, viz., 38.7 compared with 45.4.
The proportion of population protected is shown to be 36.9 per cent., compared
with 34.6, the result of the preceding year. In connection with this point
Dr. Little has not noticed the Residents suggestion in paragraph 2 of the Resolu-
tion dated 20th August last to concentrate work on a definite area.
3. Statement II.—The total cost of the establishment which is entirely
met from Provincial Funds was Rs. 16,826-7-0, an increase of Rs. 56-3-10 over
last year, and calls for no remark. But I think that a contribution towards
cost of vaccination within municipal limits should be required from each
municipality.
4. Statement III.
Dispensary vaccination. The results shown are better
in every way than those of last year. The total of vaccinations was + 2,297, and
of these re-vaccinations were 417, against 98. The percentage of success among
re-vaccinations, 39.3, is probably much nearer the truth than the figures given
last year, viz, 83.6.
5. Statement IV.
This statement shows that compared with the previous
eleven years the total number of persons vaccinated was greater in 1888-89 than
in seven of the previous years and less than in four of them, and that the number
of successful cases has only been exceeded twice.
6. Inspection. Of the District Superintendents, the smallest out-turn of
work was done by the District Superintendent of Basim, and in this district
operations fell off by 531, owing in some measure to dilatoriness on the
part of vaccinators, which may be attributed to inadequate supervision. At
dispensaries, the inspection by Civil Surgeons, though better than last year, is
B-504
( 2 )
still less complete than it ought to be. In Amraoti and Ellichpur the percent-
age of verified cases was 45.9 and 41.6 respectively, which is much below the
standard, while in Akola it was only 15.5 ; but the Sanitary Commissioner men-
tions that the attention of the new Civil Surgeon of this district is being specially
directed to this matter.
7. The rewards recommended in paragraph 14 to the three vaccinators named
may be sanctioned. And as to the long roll of officials and native gentlemen
who have shown interest in vaccination work, it is not said in what special way
they have rendered aid, and I think that an expression of the thanks of Govern-
ment should be sufficient. But as to the " black" list in section 20, I will tell
the Deputy Commissioners concerned to send for and reprimand the patels
whose names are given.
8. I observe that the " brief notes" prescribed in para. 5 (ii) of Home Depart-
ment Resolution of the 15th July 1887 have expanded from 6 paras. to 21 paras.
and there are also three additional statistical appendices together with a memo
by the Civil Surgeon of Buldana. Hence it appears to me that the " notes " have
attained the dimensions of an ordinary report.
I have the honor to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient Servant,
T. CHICHELE PLOWDEN,
Commissioner. Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
FROM
SURGEON-MAJOR C. LITTLE, M.D.,
Superintendent of Vaccination,
Hyderabad Assigned Districts,
To
T. J. CHICHELE PLOWDEN., ESQ., C.S.,
Commissioner, Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
SIR,
I have the honour to submit the annual statistical returns of the Vaccination
Department, Hyderabad Assigned Districts, with brief notes thereon, in accordance
with paragraph 5 of Government of India Resolution in the Home Department
No. 28—1579-95, dated 15th July 1887.
Lymph.
2. Vaccination is carried on in Berar throughout the year, but most work is
performed from October to April. In order to
guard against deterioration of lymph, the stock is
annually renewed at the commencement of the cold weather. In accordance with
this custom animal vaccination was started at head-quarters on the 18th of
August 1888 with a supply of bovine lymph obtained from the Bombay Vacci-
nation Establishment. From this source each District Superintendent was
supplied; they similarly propagated animal lymph at their respective head-
quarters, and when each vaccinator was supplied with good working lymph,
animal vaccination was allowed to die out.
At the time of renewing the lymph stock a series of experiments were
undertaken in connection with artificial production of cow-pox in the calf by—
(1) Inoculation with cow lymph obtained from Bombay originally from
a case of spontaneous vaccinia and transmitted by direct inoculation from
calf to calf.
(2) Retro-vaccination or the inoculation of cows with vaccine lymph that
has been passed through the human body or humanized,
A summary of the results obtained goes to show that the inoculation of cows
with vaccine or humanized lymph presents no difficulty, is more certain than with
animal lymph, and produces equally perfect and productive vesicles.
When inspecting the Civil Hospital, Buldana, on the 7th December, I found
a policeman in hospital suffering from small-pox. The pox were full of limpid
lymph, and as it afforded a good opportunity of trying again the experiment
of inducing cow-pox by the inoculation of small-pox virus which I had previ-
ously failed 13 times consecutively in thus inducing, I had a calf operated upon
and requested Mr. Callaghan, the Civil Surgeon, to superintend the experiment
as I had to continue my tour. The result of the inoculation was successful, and,
after the third remove in the cow, several children were vaccinated with com-
plete success. This lymph was then introduced into two vaccination circles,
where it is now in use and propagated to the exclusion of all other lymph
stock.
With this variola vaccine lymph 1,431 children were vaccinated. The
operation in 1,391 cases proved successful, in 30 unsuccessful, and in 11 the
results were not ascertained. The percentage of success including the unknown
amongst the unsuccessful was 97.2. The character of the vesicles and the
resulting scars were satisfactory and typical of successful vaccination.
B-504—1
( 2 )
Test experiments were also undertaken both in calves inoculated with
variolous lymph and in children vaccinated from these calves by re-vaccinating
them with humanized lymph, but in every instance the result was failure,
showing that the system was protected.
Good lymph—whether obtained (1) by the artificial production of cow-pox,
(2) by retro-vaccination, or (3) by the inoculation of the cow with small-pox
virus—would appear to be equally successful, producing genuine vaccine
vesicles resembling those of ordinary vaccination.
A summary of these experiments is given in the appendix, and also a note
by the Civil Surgeon of Buldana, who kindly superintended experiment No. 3—
artificial production of cow-pox with human variola and the vaccination of
children with variola- vaccine lymph thus obtained.
Statement No. I.
3. Statement No. I shows the particulars
of vaccination during the year.
Total operations.
The total number of operations performed in the province was 105,602,
as compared with 97,158 in the previous year, or
an increase of 8,444.
These operations were distributed as follow :—
Special Vaccine Establishment ...
Dispensary
do.
...
Temporary Establishment, Melghat ...
Total ...
96,100
9,144.
353
105,602
Temporary establishment for Mel¬
ghat.
4. Owing to the prevalence of small-pox, no vaccinators could be spared
from the special establishment for work in the
Melghat, and as the disease was reported to be
raging in this tract, the Resident's sanction was
obtained to the employment of two vaccinators for the Melghat as a temporary
measure. The work was commenced there on the 14th of February 1889.
Special vaccination establishment.
Season's work.
5. The work performed by the special
establishment compared with that of the pre-
vious year is shown below :—
Primary vaccination ... ...
Re-vaccination ... ...
1887-88.
87,658
335
1888-89.
92,140
3,960
The increase in primary vaccination is in part due to an increase in the
number of births and in part to the prevalence of small-pox, inducing the
people to accept vaccination more readily.
The increase in work was general in each district with the exception of
Basim, where there was a decrease of 531 operations. The reason assigned by
the District Superintendent for this falling-off is that the work of one circle
suffered owing to the vaccinator having absented himself without leave and
another man not being appointed for two months, as well as to dilatoriness on
the part of certain other vaccinators.
Sex.
6. Of the total number of persons vaccinated in the province, 50,081
were males and 46,019 females, or 52.1 per cent.
of males and 47.9 of females, against 51.0 and
49 respectively in the previous year. The increase in the proportion of males
is due to the increase in re-vaccination, which was chiefly carried on amongst
males.
( 3 )
Average work of each vaccinator.
7. The average number of operations per-
formed by each vaccinator was 2,288, as compared
with 2,150 in 1887-88.
Primary vaccination results.
8. In primary vaccination 88,833, or 96.4
per cent., proved successful.
Age.
9. Of these, 70,281 were infants under one year of age, 16,644 between
one and six years, and 1,908 children above six
and adults. The ratios per cent. to total success-
fully vaccinated at these ages were 79.1, 18.7, and 2.2 respectively as compared
with 79.9, 19, and 1.1 for the previous year.
Proportion of births protected.
10. The proportion of the births (estimated
at 40 per 1,000 of the population) successfully
protected was 73.1 per cent.
Re-vaccination results.
11. During the year 3,960 persons were re-vaccinated, against 335 in
1887-88. The number of successful cases was
1,533, or 387 per cent, against 45.4 in the preced-
ing year. The work of re-vaccination has received attention in every district
Proportion of population protected.
12. The proportion of the population successfully vaccinated including
the work at dispensaries was 36.9 per cent., as
compared with 34.6 in the previous year.
The average annual number of persons successfully vaccinated during the
previous five years was 34.2 per cent., and the average annual number of deaths
from small-pox in the same period was .28.
Statement No. II—Cost of Depart¬
ment.
13. Statement No. II shows the strength
and cost of the department.
The total cost of the special establishment, which is defrayed entirely from
Provincial Funds, was Rs. 16,811-15-6, and the average cost of each successful
case Annas 2-11, or two pies less than in the previous year. The decrease in cost
is due to the increased number of operations performed.
Establishment.
14. The establishment worked up to the sanctioned strength. Two
vaccinators were dismissed during the year—one
for falsification of returns and the other for
absenting himself without leave.
Fines to the extent of Rs. 68-10-9 were inflicted for unsatisfactory work.
The three most deserving vaccinators in regard to quantity and quality of
work are—
Sheik Sooban.
Raoji Ramkrishna.
Ganesh Persad.
These men are recommended for the usual reward of Rs. 30 each.
Statement
No. III.—Dispensary
Vaccination.
15. Statement No. III shows the work per-
formed at dispensaries.
The total number of operations was 9,144, or an increase of 2,297 as com-
pared with the figures of the previous year. The increase was general in each
district, ranging from 798 in the Akola District to 159 in the Buldana District.
Of the total operations, 8,727 were primary and 417 re-vaccinations, as
against 6,749 and 98 respectively in 1887-88.
( 4 )
The ratio of success attained was 95.5 per cent. in primary cases and in
re-vaccination 39.3 as compared with 93.3 and 83.6 in the previous year. The
proportion of success reported in re-vaccination is more reliable than hereto-
fore, and closely approximates the results obtained in the British Army.
Inspections by District Superintend¬
ents of Vaccination.
16. The inspection work done by District Superintendents was fairly
satisfactory. The proportion of villages visited
to the total number in which work was perform-
ed in the province was 72.9 per cent. and the
percentage of cases verified to total operations 56.6, ranging from 69.5 and 69.1
in the Ellichpur and Buldana Districts to 44.9 in the Basim District. The
improvement observable in the work of the Akola District as compared with
last year is creditable to the Superintendent concerned.
Inspection of dispensary vaccina¬
tion by Civil Surgeons.
17. At dispensaries Civil Surgeons in-
spected 47.1 per cent. of the total operations as
shown below:—
Districts.
Amraoti ...
Ellichpur ...
Wun ...
Basim ...
Akola ...
Buldana ...
Total ...
Total
vaccinated.
1,994
1,127
1,172
1,073
2,293
1,485
9,144
Total
verified.
916
469
834
816
356
920
4,311
Percentage of
verified cases to
total vaccinated.
45.9
41.6
71.1
76
15.5
61.9
47.1
The inspection of vaccine work in the Akola District is now receiving the
attention of Dr. Reilly, who was appointed to the province in December
1888.
Statement No. IV.
18. Statement No. IV shows the amount of primary vaccination perform-
ed in the province during a series of years.
Names of native gentlemen and
others brought to notice for interest
shown in vaccination.
19. I append a list showing the names of official and non-official native
gentlemen who have evinced an active interest
in the cause of vaccination, and I would beg that
their services may be recognised in some tangible
way.
As it is the hope of reward which sweetens labour, the tangible recognition
of good services rendered will be an incentive to others to do likewise and
will facilitate the working of this department.
[List.
( 6 )
Names of those who do not assist
and oppose vaccination.
20. I likewise propose to bring to notice the
names of those who do not assist or who oppose
vaccination. The list this year is, I am glad to
say, not a long one:—
List of Officials who failed in rendering assistance to the cause of Vaccination during 1888-89.
District.
Akola ...
Do. ...
Amraoti ...
Buldana ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Ellichpur ...
Amraoti ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Taluk.
Jalgaon ...
Akot ...
Chandur ...
Mehkar ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Chikhli
...
Do. ...
Do. ...
Ellichpur ...
Morsi ...
Do. ...
Murtazapur..
Do.
Amraoti ...
Village.
Manegaon ...
Panchgawan ...
Malkhed...
Lonar ...
Do. ...
Sinakhed ...
Malkapur Pangra.
Singaon ...
Deulghat ...
Choutha ...
Pathrot ...
Dapuree ...
Kawathal ...
Dhanaj Buzruk...
Mana ...
Bhatkulee ...
Name of official.
Vittoba, son of Kesheo, Patel.
Ramrao, Patel of Khel Narseepur.
Shamrao, Patel.
Deorao, Patwari.
Raghoji, Patel.
Kesheo Ramkrishna, Patel.
Kaairao Kesheorao, Deshmakh.
Ananda, Patel,
Sadashiva, Patel.
Jayram, Patel.
Ramji, Police Patel (the certificate already
given be taken back).
Ranooji, Patel.
Govinda, Patel.
Dewaji, Patel,
Yadeo Rao, Patel.
Narayensing, Patel.
General.
21. In conclusion, I would beg to bring to notice the services of my Head
Clerk, Mr. A. A. George, and Superintendent
Murad Alli, who rendered me very material as-
sistance in carrying out the experiments undertaken with animal lymph, and
Superintendent Bapu Rao in connection with the experiment with variolous
lymph.
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient Servant,
C. LITTLE, M.D.,
Sanitary Commissioner, Hyderabad Assigned Districts.
APPENDIX No. I.
Artificial production of cow-pox in the cow by inoculation with lymph
from the inoculated form of the disease. The lymph was obtained from the Bom-
bay Vaccine Establishment derived originally from Brussels (Dr. Warlamont's
stock) from a natural case of cow-pox.
( 2 )
Date of vacci-
nation.
1888.
Aug. 18th.
Do. 19th.
Do. 24th.
Do. 29th.
Sept. 3rd.
Do.
9th.
Do. 15th.
Do. 20th,
Do. 25th,
No. of calf.
1
2
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
Sex.
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
Colour.
White.
Brown.
Red.
Black.
do.
Red.
Brown.
Red.
Brown.
Age.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Diet.
Grass.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
No. of
inser-
tions.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Instrument
used to
vaccinate.
Origin and descent of
lymph.
Bombay 1st supply.
Scalpel.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
Scalpel &
needle.
...
...
1st supply, Bombay.
Do.
Do. from calf No. 2.
Do. from calf No. 5.
Do. from calf No. 6.
Do. from calf No. 7.
Do. from calf No. 8.
Do. from calf No. 10
Do. from calf No. 12.
...
...
Result of vaccination.
Unsuccessful.
Successful, indifferent.
Do.
do.
Successful, moderate.
Do.
good.
Do.
do.
Do.
very good
Do.
good.
Do.
very good*
...
...
Lymph supply how disposed
of.
......
Vaccinated calf No. 5.
1. Vaccinated calf No. 6.
2. 14 points 1 day old, vac-
cinated 5 children.
3. 21 points 2 days old, vac-
cinated 7 children.
4. 21 points 3 days old, vac-
cinated 7 children
56 points.
Vaccinated calf No. 7.
Vaccinated calf No. 8.
Vaccinated calf No. 10.
1. Vaccinated calf No. 12.
2. 6 tubes to Ellichpur.
3. 6 tubes to Wun.
4. 5 tubes 4 days old
were used to vaccinate
5 children in Amraoti
town.
5. Vaccinated 24 children
direct from calf.
1. Vaccinated calf No. 14.
2.
do.
15.
1.
do.
17.
2.
do.
19.
3. 4 tubes to Akola Su-
perintendent.
4. 4 tubes to Buldana
Superintendent.
With what result.
......
Successful, indifferent,
Do.
moderate.
1 Successful
2
do.
4 do.
Very
good.
Successful, good.
Do.
do.
Do. very good.
Do. good.
Failed.
Successful, 1 scar.
Used on the 5th day—
successful 1 scar.
23 children proved suc-
cessful.
Successful, very good.
Do.
do.
Do.
do.
Do.
do.
Do.
used on the
4th day.
Unsuccessful, used on.
the 7th day.
( 3 )
Do. 25th.
Do. 30th.
15
17
F.
F.
Red.
White. 1½ year
Grass.
Do.
...
...
Scalpel &
needle.
Do.
Do. from calf No. 12.
Do. from calf No. 14..
Do. very good.
Do.
do.
5. Vaccinated 10 children
with 4 scabs 6 days old.
6. Vaccinated 7 children
with 3 scabs 8 days old.
7. Vaccinated 12 children
direct from calf.
8. 1 scab given to vacci¬
nator Ganeshpersad,
who vaccinated 3 chil-
dren on the 11th day.
1. Vaccinated calf No. 18
sent to Vaccr. Bhaiji.
2. 6 tubes to Superintend-
ent, Basim.
3. 7 tubes to Vaccinator,
Morsi.
1. 25 points to Superin-
tendent, Akola.
2. 25 do.
Buldana.
3. 25 do.
Ellichpur.
4. 25 do.
Wun.
5. 25
do. Basim.
6. 34 points used to vac-
cinate calf No. 23.
7. 27 points in hand vac-
cinated 2 children with
16 points on 20th day.
Vaccinated 2 children
with 11 points on 21st
day.
8. Vaccinated 2 children
with lymph between
glasses 3 days old.
2 successful of 3 scars
each. 8 failed.
1 successful of 1 scar,
6 fai
12 successful, very
good.
1 successful (1 scar)
and 2 failed.
Failed, carelessness of
watchmen.
Successful, used
on
4th day.
Failed, used on 4th
day.
Unsuccessful.
Successful.
Do.
Unsuccessful, used on
3rd and 4th day.
Successful.
8 out of 31 needle
punctures successful,
very good.
Result—1 child with 2
scars successful.
Result—1 failed, 1 un-
known.
Unsuccessful.
* Eight vesicles preserved. Result—eight good scabs on the 20th day after vaccination. The scabs of needle insertions were large.
( 4 )
Date of vacci-
nation.
Sept. 30th.
Do. 30th.
Oct.
5th.
Do. 5th.
No. of calf.
18
*19
21
22
Sex.
F.
F.
F.
F.
Colour.
Black.
Do.
Brown.
White.
Age.
2 years
1½ years ...
2½ years
8 months ...
Diet.
Grass.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No.
of
inser¬
tions¬
...
28
...
...
Instrument
used to
vaccinate,
Scalpel &
needle.
Needle.
Needle &
scalpel.
Scalpel.
Origin and descent of
lymph
1st supply from calf
No. 15.
Do. from calf No. 14.
Do. from calf No. 17
direct.
Do. from calf No. 19.
Result of vaccination.
Sent to Vaccinator
Bhaiji, failed, care-
lessness of watch-
men.
28 insertions success-
ful, very good.†
Unsuccessful,
Do. ...
Lymph supply how disposed of
9. Lymph between glasses.
10.—4 tubes, vaccinated 4
children on 3rd day.
11. Vaccinated 5 children
direct from calf.
12. Vaccinated calf No. 21.
Vaccinated calf No, 22.
Strong presumption that
calf was vaccinated be-
fore. Calf No. 23, about
10 months old, was vac-
cinated with lymph from
same source (i. e., from
calf No. 17, lymph on
points 24 hours old) and
proved successful, very
good, though only 8 out
of 31 needle insertions
proved so.
A.s calf No. 13, this calf was,
also vaccinated from 3rd
supply of animal lymph
from Bombay, second re¬
With what result.
Vaccinated 1 child on
the 21st day, failed.
Successful 1 scar.
4 successful, very good.
Unsuccessful (vide re-
marks against calf
No. 21).
Unsuccessful (vide re¬
remarks against calf
No. 22).
Successful, very good.