87
After-effects unknown, but the want of subse¬
quent gratification at the usual hour is said to
produce longing and uneasiness.
45. (b) and (c) Said not to do so.
(d) and (e) Dysentery, bronchitis, and asthma
from excessive use, and even the moderate use is
said to give a tendency to these diseases. Habits
of immorality are said to be induced.
(f) The moderate use of hemp drugs is not
thought to produce insanity. I cannot answer
this part of the question.
46. The habitual excessive use of these drugs
is well known to cause insanity, dysentery,
asthma, bronchitis, dropsy, general debility, and
great nerve deterioration. In fact, excessive
ganja-smoking is generally thought to be more
injurious than the excessive use of any other in¬
toxicating drug or alcohol. From the well known
fact that religious ascetics and mendicants are
usually strong and robust, it is probable that good
and sufficient food counteracts the evil physical
effects of ganja and bhang, for this class are noto¬
riously excessive consumers of hemp drugs, but
they live on the fat of the land. They are, how¬
ever, generally more or less insane.
47. No data.
48. No data, but, as with drunkenness, the
excessive use of hemp drugs probably is to some
extent hereditary; and as the parent's general
health and strength and moral character are seri¬
ously impaired, his offspring must be injuriously
affected.
49 and 50. The hemp drugs are, I believe, used
as aphrodisiacs. Excessive use is said to produce
impotence.
51. Yes; bad characters are usually ganja-
smokers and takers of bhang. I cannot say what
connection the moderate use of these drugs has
with crime.
52. Same as 51, but to greater extent.
53 and 54. The numerous cases of what is called
running "amôk" which occur in India are often,
if not always, due to excessive doses of ganja and
bhang taken with or without admixture of dhatura
seeds (Datura stramonium). The word assassin
is derived from hashishin or hashish inebriate,
and hashish is a preparation of charas.
55. I believe that the records of criminal trials
in India will shew that many such cases occur. I
don't know whether complete stupefaction can
be induced by ganja or bhang unmixed with
other drugs.
56. I cannot say further than this that the
admixture of dhatura renders the drug more
violently intoxicating and causes great excitement,
amounting occasionally to homicidal frenzy.
57. I have no experience on the subject of the
question.
58 and 59. I have not had any acquaintance with
excise administration since 1889.
60. There is, so far as I am aware, no restric¬
tion on the cultivation of the hemp plant either
in the Tributary States of Orissa or in the ad¬
joining district of Ganjam in Madras. The manu¬
facture of ganja and the preparation of bhang
are entirely uncontrolled. I am not prepared to
make any remarks on the system.
61. Charas is not produced.
62. One or two plants of hemp in a raiyat's
garden would produce leaves sufficient to supply
him with bhang, and it would not, I think, be pos¬
sible to control this.
63. I have no recent experience.
64. I do not know sufficient of the subject to
enable me to answer this question.
65. I have no recent knowledge of the subject
excepting that the present rates in this part of
the country are—
Rs. A. P.
Charas ganja
6 8 0 For the im-
Round
6 0 0 ported or Raj-
Flat
4 8 0 shahi ganja.
Gurjat (flat)
3 8 0 Grown lo-
Siddhi or patti
0 8 0 cally.
Even at the low rate of Rs. 3-8-0 very little
Gurjat ganja pays duty, although a great deal
must be consumed.
66. I do not think that there is any need for
different rates of duty on round or flat Bengal
ganja. Charas should pay a higher rate, as presum¬
ably a stronger and more elegant preparation.
The rates on Gurjat ganja must at first be lower,
but they can be raised gradually as the cultivation
and smuggling is controlled.
67. I have not.
68. The licenses are for sale of the drugs only
and not for consumption on the premises.
69. Not that I am aware of. Local opinion
should, I think, be taken and considered.
70. A considerable amount of flat ganja and
"patti" is smuggled into Orissa from the neigh¬
bouring States and Madras, chiefly in small parcels.
When brought in on passes granted by the Excise
Officers, Gurjat ganja has to pay about half the
tax levied on Rajshahi ganja. Details of the
amount of Gurjat and Rajshahi ganja imported
and of the duty paid respectively can be obtained
from the Collector. It is notorious, however,
that large quantities of untaxed ganja and bhang
are used in all the regulation districts of Orissa,
but no figures are available.
Oral evidence.
Question 1.—I have served in Nadia, Mymen-
singh, the Sonthal Parganas, and then came to
Orissa. I have visited the Tributary States of
Nayagarh, Khandpura, and Ranpur, the States
bordering on Khurda, sometimes on visits to the
Rajas, sometimes shikaring, and sometimes settling
boundaries. My duties required me to be pretty
constantly on tour throughout the year.
Question 6.—I am speaking of hemp that is
really wild, not of that which is self-sown near
villages. I have never seen wild hemp, though I
have spent a good deal of time in the jungles.
Question 10.—When I was in charge of sub¬
divisions, the police occasionally sent up men on
the charge of growing hemp. I have never heard
of any particular annoyance to the villagers on
this account, though the offenders complained of
the hardship of being harassed on account of their
having allowed one or two plants of hemp to grow
in their compounds. There are men who make
part of their living out of the rewards to be got
in excise prosecution, and they go about enquiring
and sometimes make up false cases. The liability
to have their houses searched gives people far
greater annoyance than the prohibition to cultivate
does. As far as I know, the putting up of plants
is a trifling matter.
Question 15.—I have recently learnt from en¬
quiry in the Gujrats that burying is a part of the
process of manufacture. The plants are buried
for a week at a time without anything to protect