73
29. (a) In ganja, tobacco. (b) In ganja laung,
zafran, mishk and rose. Tobacco is mixed by all
classes of people who smoke ganja, and the rest of
the ingredients are mixed by rich men. By all
these admixtures the drug becomes more narcotic.
Dhatura seed are sometimes mixed by such
Hindu fakirs who take opium in large quantities.
It is said that the fakirs smoke the dhatura seed
with ganja when they do not get opium at all, or
get it in insufficient doses.
(a) In bhang, black pepper and sonf are ordin-
arily mixed by all classes. (b) In bhang, badam,
milk, and sugar by rich men.
30. Bhang is ordinarily used in solitude, and
women also use it. Ganja is always smoked in
company, and it is used by the male sex above the
age of 16 years.
31. The habit of bhang consuming is easily
formed, and it is not difficult to leave it. The
habit of ganja smoking is gradually formed, and
it is difficult to leave it. There are people in all
classes who take bhang during summer only, and
people who smoke ganja and charas in winter only.
They say that bhang has no tendency to be
developed into the habit of being taken exces-
sively, while ganja has.
33. Generally regarded very bad. It has a dis-
repute generally. Bhang takers and ganja smokers
are always found relaxed in their daily work. Es-
pecially ganja is said to cause general debility and
thickness of the blood. It produces cough. The
Hindu fakirs smoke ganja and charas because its
use spoils the power of imagination of the brain
and thus assists them in keeping themselves aloof
from worldly anxieties.
34. Yes. It will put in trouble the fakir habi-
tual smokers of ganja. It is said that ganja saves
them from the effects of winter and flatulency.
35. I think it is feasible, although the drugs
will be consumed illicitly for some time after such
prohibition. It can be prohibited by disallowing
the exports and imports and sales of the drugs. I
do not think it will cause any serious discontent
among the consumers, who are for the most part
the Hindu fakirs and the Brahmins. It was ex-
perienced in this district last year, when there was
no sale of these drugs for about five months.
The people felt an inconvenience, as far as it re-
lated to their habit, and nothing else. There will
be no political danger ; and they being Brahmins
and fakirs would not take alcoholic stimulants.
They will be content with tobacco.
37. Charas is said to produce more cough than
ganja.
38. Chur is said to produce headache.
45. Ganja smoking produces these noxious
effects.
58. I think the present administration is good ;
but it is capable of improvement in this district.
An export duty can be charged on bhang, which
is a very good product of this district.
48. Evidence of PUNDIT RUGHOBER DYAL MISRA, Brahman, Offg. Deputy
Collector, Lucknow.
1. I entered into service as Naib Tahsildar in
1877, and thence rose to my present grade. I
also have some zamindari myself and my other
relations are also zamindars, From the commence-
ment of my service, I have been in the executive
line, in which I have always had to deal with
excise matters. I have always taken interest in
acquainting myself with the manners and habits
of the people of different classes and societies. I
have also been excise officer in this district for
about two years, and in other districts also. From
all the above sources, I gained experience and in-
formation on the subject in question and have
also made special enquiries on some of the ques-
tions.
2. The definition given by Dr. Prain of these
drugs is correct.
The other varieties of ganja are :—(1) Maha-
deva : this is the name given to ganja grown
in the Tarai of Ghogra. (2) Pathor : this is the
name of the ganja produced in Gwalior and
Khundwa. (3) Balucher : this is the name of
ganja produced in Patna.
The varieties of charas are :—Bhoori, a produce
of Yarkand and other places in Kabul territories :
it is also called Yarkandi. Saljohan, produce of
Nepal territories.
3. Bhang and ganja spontaneously grow in the
districts of Gonda, Bahraich, Kheri, Hardoi,
Pilibhit, Basti, Saharanpur, in the Tarai of Nepal,
beds of Ghogra river, by the side of the river
Gumti in Lucknow, from Gowghat down to
Martiniere College. The produce of Lucknow
district is very little and inferior in quality.
4. Bhang is also known by the names bijoya,
booti, thandai, siddhi, sabzi, patti. They all refer
to exactly the same plant.
vol. v.
5. Damp climate and moist soil, moderate
rainfall, are favourable to the growth of wild hemp.
6. Ordinarily dense.
7. The hemp plant for the production of bhang,
ganja or charas is not cultivated in the united
provinces of North-Western Provinces and Oudh,
except in Farrukhabad, where I hear about 300
acres are cultivated for bhang. Hemp plants
cultivated for their fibres are not of intoxicating
nature. They have no intoxicating properties in
their leaves, flowers and seeds. They are known
by the names of san, patsan, patwa. They are
cultivated in abundance in almost all the villages.
8. Hemp drugs for their narcotic properties are
not cultivated in the province.
9. In places where ganja is cultivated, I hear
there is no change in the usual process of ordinary
cultivation, except that when the plants grow
bigger, the male plants are weeded out.
10. No. They are of the same classes as other
agricultural cultivators.
11. Yes ; seeds are taken from the wild hemp
for the production of ganja.
12. In Khandwa, Central Provinces, Gwalior
and Patna ganja is cultivated from the seeds of
wild hemp plants. Male plants are extirpated in
such cases.
13. To my knowledge there is no place in Oudh
where ganja is cultivated.
14. Charas is not prepared in the united provin-
ces ; ganja and bhang are the products of spon-
taneous growth in this province.
15. Bhang plants are cut and left to dry on the
spot in the months of Chet, Bysakh and Jeth=
March, April and May. When dried, the plants
are thrashed and leaves (bhang) collected and
o