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41. Evidence of M. R. RY. P. VEERASWAMI NAIDU, Deputy Collector, Masuli-
patam.
1. From enquiries made.
3. I have no knowledge of its spontaneous
growth anywhere.
4. Ganja is also known as guanapatrika, varakul-
kyal and bhangy aku. Yes.
7. (a) Yes.
(b) No.
(c) Yes.
(d) Yes ; for fibre and seeds.
This is called janumu here. Janumu is a kind
of hemp which is cultivated abundantly in this dis-
trict. The seeds are sown broadcast in paddy-fields
just 15 days before harvest. It is also cultivated
in dry fields. Janumu flowers within two months,
and will then be cut and used as fodder for cattle.
Cattle like this fodder well ; but their health is
impaired if no other fodder, such as straw, is not
used. Janumu seeds after three months and the
seeds are useful for sowing ; but its stalks are not
fit for fodder. The stalks are dried for several
days, and then tied into bundles, and steeped for a
fortnight in water, where they are kept under pres-
sure, then taken out and beaten with mallets ; the
fibre is thus stripped off from the stalks and then
sold for the manufacture of bags, ropes, etc.
Ganja is grown extensively in Daggupad village,
Bapatla taluk. It is said to grow also in the
Kistna accretions near Challapally, Pidugullanka
at a distance from Chitgudar, Pamarru, Bommulur
near Gudivada, and in the compounds of certain
people at Masulipatam. The cultivation of hemp
(Janumu) is carried on in both wet and dry lands.
9. The fields will be ploughed up, and the seed
sown broadcast. In compounds, people dig up
earth and sow the seed. The seedlings spring up
in a week, and will be thinned after 15 or 20 days.
The plants grow well in black-cotton soil and yield
good crop. The sowing season is generally early
part of October, and transplantation takes place
about the early part of November, while the follow-
ing February is the time for harvest.
10. No ; they are of the same class as other agri-
cultural cultivators.
11. Wild hemp is not known in these parts.
It is only by raising ganja plants, ganja is pro-
duced.
13. No restriction in this district. It is culti-
vated in all places and everywhere. If the soil is
manured, it grows well and ensures a good crop.
In black-cotton soil it grows luxuriantly, and is
the best that can be had here.
14. (a) Yes.
(b) Charas is not in use here.
(c) Yes.
Ganja is extensively cultivated at Daggupad,
Bapatla taluk. Bhang is made of ganja.
15. (a) Ganja plant is of two species, viz., male and
female. Male plant does not produce resin, nor does it
seem to be fit for any purpose except for good fibre.
It is from the female plant that ganja is extracted.
In the female plant the flower and the fruit mix
together and assume the form of an ear. The ear
ripens just like that of millet and will be cut and
the seeds separated. The remaining substance will
be kept in the snow for two days and then dried
up and filled in bags. It will be sold to the pur-
chaser at the rate of 3 pies a weight of the 3 pice
VOL. VI
coin. The purchaser takes the substance, separate
the seed, if any still remaining, washes it well in.
his palm, dries it by pressing the same with his
cloth and keeps it separately. Then he mixes it
with thick tobacco powder in proportion of 3 to 1 in
weight, and smokes the mixture and gets intoxi-
cated. Some people get intoxicated by eating the
ganja substance without any admixture ; some by
taking it in the form of powder mixed with pepper ;
some ground the mixture well, put it in a piece of
paper, and roll the paper into the form of a cigar,
and then smoke it to get intoxication.
Bhang is prepared from the leaves. The leaves
are repeatedly washed to remove the green colour-
ing matter. They are then pounded well, and then
mixed with the juice prepared of cocoanut pulp,
black pepper, dried ginger, and poppy-seed. Then
either sugar or jaggery is mixed with this, and the
mixture thus formed is drunk. Some people drink
the mixture, adding to it some sweet plantains or
milk according to their taste. One-eighth of a
seer of this draught is enough to intoxicate a person.
Its effect is to cool the system, and varies according
to the constitution and temperament of the con-
sumer. The use of bhang . is better than that of
ganja. Bhang makes the consumer more active
and lively in his work.
Charas is prepared from the resin which exudes
from the leaves of the plant. The resin will be a
little heated, and then well grounded in the palm
with some tobacco till a mixture is formed. This
mixture is then put into a pipe and smoked, and
the man gets intoxicated. But it is not in use
here.
Majum is another kind of preparation from the
resin. But this resin is not that which exudes
from the leaves, but is what is obtained by boiling
the ganja leaves in water with ghee. The resin is
cooked with sugar, and the powder prepared of
cardamoms, nutmeg, etc., spices, into a paste and
then eaten. The effect will be a little intoxication.
It is a good remedy for dysentery.
16. Bhang is prepared generally by the people
in their houses. I hear that some who practice
bhang grow ganja plants in their compounds.
Bhang can be prepared by ganja wherever grown.
17. Ganja chillum, i. e., a pipe prepared by people
who smoke ganja through it. Ganja bhang by
those who drink it, and majun by the licensed
vendor.
18. Ganja, charas or bhang deteriorates if it is
not consumed within one hour, and loses its effects
entirely after two hours, though it may retain its
full effect for one hour after its preparation. If
diluted in water it deteriorates quickly, and no
measures are possible to preserve its effect long.
19. Ganja and charas are used only for smoking,
while bhang is used as a drink in all places.
20. Chiefly used by byragis, sanyasis, and fakirs,
and generally working classes. I hear that those who
delight in intoxication smoke ganja as it serves
their purpose at a comparatively very small cost,
equally with liquor, arrack, and toddy. One pie
worth ganja or ½ anna worth bhang has the same
intoxicating effect as 2 drams of arrack of 30° U. P.,
costing 2 annas 6 pie.
21. Flat ganja is prepared for smoking here, and
in fact seems to be the only kind in use. I hear
that round ganja also is used in Madras.