166
62. vide answer to question 60.
63. Vide No. 59.
64. There are none.
65. I have no reason to believe that any of the
preparations are unduly taxed under the present
system of annual leases of shops.
66. No.
67. Vide No. 65.
68. Vide No 59.
69. There is no local option and none is needed,
as the consumption is so trifling.
70. No.
3. Evidence of MR. E. TURNER, Collector of Madura.
1. Consulting my subordinate officials and
certain ganja shopkeepers. Neither I nor any
one in the district have any practical knowledge
of the subject. It is a district that may be left
out of account in taking evidence regarding it.
2. The definitions of the flat and round ganja
alone may be accepted for this district. Flat
ganja is locally known as Dharmapuri ganja or
Javatmada ganja and round ganja is known as
Jada ganja. Broken ganja is not used here.
3. Spontaneous growth of ganja in this district
is not known, nor do I know of its spontaneous
growth in other districts.
4 . I t i s k n o w n a s g a n j a h e r e .
5. Round ganja is grown here. It grows in
sandy soil. Rain and water wanted for its
growth. It grows in low lands. Hard soils are
also suitable for its growth.
6 . G r o w t h o r d i n a r i l y d e n s e .
7 . T h e r e i s c u l t i v a t i o n h e r e f o r t h e p u r p o s e s (a
) ,
(c), and (d) in Tirupuvanam, Kodaikanal, Kalli
-gudi, Tirumangalam and Manalur and in some
villages of Pulni and Dindigul taluks. It is
generally grown in garden and backyards to a very
small extent.
8. There has been a decrease and it is stated
that it is due to the issue of licenses.
9. Land ploughed when moist and seeds sown
along with brinjals and chillies generally.
10. The hemp cultivators do not form any
special class. It is mixed in the few cases where
it is sown with other seed.
1 1 . N o .
12. It is stated that there is no cultivation
of wild hemp.
13. Vide answers against questions 5 and 7.
14. Ganja and bhang prepared in all the places
where shops have been sanctioned and as far as
they are require for sale. Large quantities of
prepared ganja are imported from North Arcot
District.
15. Preparation of ganja from the cultivated
p l a n t : t h e p l a n t s a r e c u t d o w n a n d l e f t e x p o s e d
till they get dry. The leaves are then separated
from the stems and tied up in bundles.
Ganja is smoked thus. The above leaves are
mixed with water and tobacco and smoked in
a vessel for the purpose.
Ganja is eaten thus. The leaves with the drugs
prepared from ganja are taken together.
Ganja is drunk thus. The leaves are powdered,
mixed with dried ginger and other things such as
pepper, etc., and drunk.
Bhang is prepared for eating thus. Ganja is
floated in water, dried, heated, powdered, filtered,
mixed with dried ginger, pepper, gallnut, jaggery
and ghee and other samans. This bhang is of four
kinds locally known as karuppu, purnathi, pur
- n a t h i f o r c h i l d r e n , a n d t h a t h u b u s h t i . T h e f i r s t
kind has much of the intoxicating element in it ;
the second and the third are better tempered ; and
the last, as its name implies, is used to improve
the pulse. For the preparation of purnathi 70
things are required, and the most important of
them have been mentioned above. Bhang is
drunk as ganja.
16. Bhang is prepared in licensed shops from
flat and round ganja.
17. No special class.
18. Ganja deteriorates after one year ; bhang,
first sort (karuppu), after one week, and other
classes after six months. Does not quite lose,
but will be less efficacious. It gets a bad smell
and becomes dried up. No special measures to
prevent deterioration.
Stock account of ganja, bhang, and other intoxicat
- i n g d r u g s p r e p a r e d f r o m t h eh
e m p
p l a n t i n t h e
district of Madura during 1892-93.
Item.
Quantity.
REMARKS.
Seers. Tolas.
1. Quantity of ganja, etc.,
remaining in stock at
the beginning of the
year . . .
7 40
2. Quantity received or
manufactured in the
year . . .
4,940 56½ Ganja and drugs
were sold at from.
4 to 7 pies per
tola.
TOTAL
.
4,948
1 6 ½
3. Quantity sold by retail
to consumers . . .
4,821 44½
4. Quantity sold to other
vendors . . .
TOTAL
.
4,821 44½
Balance remaining. with
b
shopkeepers at the end of
the year . . .
126 52
19. Ganja is used for eating, smoking, and
drinking.
20. A. small proportion. Low classes consist
-ing of fakirs and mendicants smoke ganja where--
ver they are. Also some Maruvars, Pallars,
Agambadiars and Muhammadans.
2 1 . F l a t g a n j a p r e f e r r e d f o r s m o k i n g .
22. Nothing is known of charas here. North-
ern pilgrims use it.
2 3 . B h a n g n o t s o u s e d .
24. As stated in the answer to question 20,
bhang is generally used by low classes, but some
of the higher classes, such as Brahmins, also use
it. The bhang is drunk in special cases only.
25. The use of ganja and bhang are on the
decrease since licenses for their sale are issued ;
but of these two, ganja is more largely used, as
it is cheaper.