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grow spontaneously and are they produced from
the female plant is, that the male plant of ganja is
not used at all. All the male trees are uprooted
and thrown away in the fourth month after seeds
have been. sown. If seeds are sown in a field
measuring one acre, then it is usually the case that
only half an acre of the field produces the male
plants, and half an acre the female plants. The
distinction between a male and female plant is this,
i.e., the male plants bear no buds and a peculiar
kind of flowers blossom in the fourth month after
the plantation, and that a white substance resembling
flour comes out of a male plant if shaken. I
have witnessed this myself by shaking it. But
before the period of four months no distinction
could be made. If the male tree is not rooted
out, the female plant owing to its proximity with
the male assumes a similar condition and conse-
quently it is also uprooted. The bud of the plant
is called ganja. The capsules and leaves which fall
down from the plant are called bhang. The resin
- ous exudation of the hemp plant collected during
the dew season is called charas. The buds of the
hemp plant are of three shapes, viz., (1) circular,
(2) twisted, and (3) flat. Ganja is known by
different names, such as (1)dagoparr, (2) bhusamparr,
(3)
shamsabadi, (4) mulki, (5) javaji and (6) almori.
The hemp plant cultivated in the Cuddapah taluka
is called mulki or country ganja, and it is circular
in shape, and the other above-named ganjas were
im ported into Cuddapah from the neighbouring
districts, but now according to the present ruling
none can import it except the contractor.
3. Ganja is extensively cultivated in different
parts of Cuddapah and Kurnul districts.
7. Ganja is cultivated in Cuddapah. Ganja is
cultivated. Bhang is grown. It has seeds.
Ganja has been cultivated in gasba of Kumar- -
palli to an extent of about 200 checks, a check
being equivalent to two maunds.
8. Formerly 1,200 checks of ganja were culti-
- v a t e d i n t h e
g a
s b a
o f K u m a r p a l l i o f t h e C u d d a p a h
taluka, which is situated at a distance of 10 miles
from the town, but this year the outturn of the
plant will approach to nearly 200 checks, a check
being equivalent to two maunds. In these days
ganja is much less cultivated than formerly, for the
reason that Government has prohibited the purchase
and sale of ganja by any person excepting the
contractor, and consequently no person could
purchase the hemp openly from the cultivator, nor
could any cultivator sell it. Last year the con
- t r a c t o r a t t h i s p l a c e p u r c h a s e d g a n j a a t t h e r a t e o f
Rs. 5 per check from the cultivators, and sold it at
his own price to its consumers. During this week
I have been to the contractor's shop with a view to
examine his dealings personally, when I found that
flat ganja mixed with stalks which is known as javaji
ganja or almori ganja was being sold at the rate of
24 tolas, i.e., a seer for rupee, and flat ganja without
stalks was being sold at one anna for every half anna
weight, which is a little more than a rupee's weight.
The consumers of bhang bitterly complain about
flat ganja for the reason that it causes dysentery
and cough, etc., and does injury in different ways.
The circular country ganja is better liked than the
other kind of ganjas by the ganja consumers in
Cuddapah and other places. They assert that the
country ganja of Kumarpalli, etc., does not produce
much heat and does less injury. It should now be
noticed that the contractor purchases the plant at a
very low rate and sells it at an exorbitant price.
If the cultivators do not sell the ganja to the con-
tractor at the price offered by him and take every
precaution to preserve it carefully, a change takes
place after a year in its colour and intoxicating
effect, which decreases its value. A rupee's worth
of ganja will have to be given to the contractor
only for 4 or 5 annas. Therefore it is my convic- -
tion that gradually raiyats will give up the cultiva
- t i o n o f g a n j a w h i c h i s a t t e n d e d w i t h m u c h t r o u b l e
and loss of money and honour, and will have re--
course to other cultivation which is more useful and
beneficial to them.
10. The cultivators of hemp carry on other cul-
- t i v a t i o n s a l s o , a n d t h e y d o n o t f o r m a s p e c i a l c l a s s
of raiyats.
1 1 . I n t h i s c o u n t r y w i l d g a n j a s e e d s a r e n o t
sown as a practice, but if any person wishes to do
so, he may.
13. The cultivators may, if they desire, plant
gardens of ganja anywhere (but not as wet and dry
cultivation).
14. Ganja is cultivated in the suburbs of our
town. Ganja is grown. Charas is not produced.
Bhang is produced.
16. Ganja, charas, bhang could be obtained from
a naturally-grown-up tree either in a populated
place or in a desert.
17. It is prepared by peasants, of whatever caste
they may be.
18. Both ganja and bhang become damaged if
preserved for a long time, i.e., their shape under-
-goes a change and their intoxicating power is dimi--
nished and taste is lost. They may, with difficulty.,
be preserved in a good condition for one year by
being exposed to the heat of the sun and open air.
19. The use of ganja is not restricted to smoking
purposes only. It is used in two different ways:
(1) It is smoked; (2) it is taken as a dietetic
article. Ganja is smoked in different ways, viz.: —
1. The first mode of smoking ganja is called
sukka, which is prepared as follows :—A certain
quantity of strong tobacco, after being mixed with
four times as much quantity of washed ganja, is
kept in a pipe or chillum and smoked. The resi-
- d e n t s o f C u d d a p a h a r e g e n e r a l l y a c c u s t o m e d t o
this sort of smoking.
2. The second mode of smoking ganja is also
called sukka, which is prepared thus:—From (un
- w a s h e d ) g a n j a , s e e d s , e t c . a r e r e m o v e d , a n d s t r o n g
tobacco of an equal quantity is mixed with it, and
then it is kept in a chillum and smoked. This is
rarely done here, but bairagis from Northern India
are much accustomed to this mode of smoking.
3. The third mode of smoking is called has-
- t a m b o l e , a n d i s a s f o l l o w s : - - ¼ t h t o l a o f w a s h e d
ganja, nutmegs of about two pulse weight, mace
of two chanas (chick pea) weight, two cloves, two
car damoms , ¼t h pi ece of ar eca nut , f our caps ul es of
bet el -l eaf, al oes, t wo gumchi s wei ght . Al l t hese
are half bruised excepting ganja, and afterwards
mixed with ganja, and smoked either in a huka or
a chillum. But this sort of smoking is scarcely
practised here.
From ganja different preparations are made and
used. (Regard should be had to the fact that
wherever the word ganja occurs in this definition,
it should be taken to mean purified ganja.)
(1) The first preparation is called sabzi, other--
wise called bhang massala or simply bhang. This
is prepared from the admixture of certain ingre--
dients (i.e.. 2½ dirhams of ganja, 1 dirham of