331
Dr. Ainslie says that the flower of dhatura and
the powder of nux-vomica are used ; at any rate,
not here. This is used by adults only.
Majum is sometimes given to children to put
them to sleep, the composition being slightly dif-
ferent, the ingredients being Ashtagram sugar
(very superior) 15 times the hemp leaf, nutmeg,
and ginger. The dose is the size of a tamarind
seed.
30. It is taken in solitude as well as in company.
Here smoking may be said to be confined to the
adults of the male sex.
3 1 . Y e s , b y a s s o c i a t i o n w i t h g a n j a c o n s u m e r s t h e h a b i t i s e a s i l y f o r m e d . B u t i t i s d i f f i c u l t a n d
in most cases impossible to break it off. I know a
c a s e o f a M o h a m m a d a n w h o , d e s i r i n g t o b r e a k o f f t h e h a b i t o f e a t i n g a b h a n g e l e c t u a r y k n o w n a s
purnathi and smoking ganja, took to drinking ar-
rack, and finds to-day that in addition to the ganja
habit which has not left him he has contracted the
habit of drink too. There is a tendency in the case
of the moderate habit to develop into excess.
33. Public opinion is strong against the con-
sumption of the drug in either of the forms known
here. Intoxicants are as a rule at a discount in
the estimation of the Hindus ; and the bad effects
it manifests in the habitual consumers is enough
to account for the ill-esteem in which they (con-
sumers) are held.
40. Ganja is valued both by vaidyans (Hindu
physicians) and hakims. A preparation of it,
called Vindadi, which is non-intoxicant and differ-
ent from punathi (described elsewhere), is given in
small grains as a tonic and astringent in cases of
diarrhœa, a promoter of appetite, as an anodyne,
and in dysmenorrhœa as an antispasmodic. A
preparation from hemp seeds is made by hakims
which is non-intoxicant and given as an aphro-
disiac.
43. I find generally that while some moderate
consumers of ganja are inoffensive, there are other
instances where the consumers of ganja during
the moments of intoxication are predisposed to
quarrel. Pereira in his elements of Materia Medica
(1850) says :—In Orientals the inebriation or deli-
rium produced by it is usually of an agreeable or
cheerful character . . . It renders others excitable
and quarrelsome and disposed to acts of violence
(page 1240).
44. It does produce intoxication. It allays hun
- g e r i n s o m e ; a n d i n s o m e o t h e r s i t c r e a t e s a p p e t i t e .
I t s e f f e c t l a s t s f r o m h a l f a n h o u r t o a n h o u r a n d m o r e . T h e w a n t o f s u b s e q u e n t g r a t i f i c a t i o n d o e s
produce a longing which is a source of considerable
_uneasiness.
46. " The habitual use of cannabis in excessive
doses causes the face to become bloated, the eyes
injected, and the limbs weak and tremulous; the
mind grows imbecile, and ultimately death by
marasmus is apt to occur." (Dymock's Pharma--
cographia Indica, Vol. III, page 329.) All these
facts have been verified by me personally.
47. It does not appear likely.
49. A preparation of bhang known as purnathi
is so used; also majum (vide answer to question
29). Dr. Pereira also bears this out. The long
continued use of hemp tends to produce impotence.
Dr. Dymock's Pharmacographia Indica says :—" It
does not increase, but on the contrary impairs the
venereal propensity and power" (page 329, vol.
III).
68. In this municipality there are three shops
where ganja, bhang or purnathi and majum are
sold, but they are not consumed on the premises.
The shops here are working in accordance with
their licenses and without any complaint.
121. Evidence of H. S. A. M. MUNJUMIAH, Native Medical Practitioner,
Cuddapah.
2 . I a c c e p t D r . P r a i n ' s d e f i n i t i o n s o f g a n j a , e t c . ,
for my district. In answering the several ques-
tions I have especially dealt with ganja, which is
consumed to a great extent in this district. I
think charas is not at all used here ; but bhang is
sometimes consumed by the people. All the points
connected with ganja have thus been more thorough-
ly dealt with than any other substance.
Ganja is locally known by the following names :
(a) ganjyaku, (b) bhangyaku, (c) alwarpatrica, (d)
ganaipatrica, etc.
3. Cuddapah district grows the hemp plant com-
paratively to a large extent.
7. The hemp plant is cultivated in this district
chiefly for the production of ganja. It is cultivated
in the following parts of the district, viz. :—
Sub-division :—Cuddapah, Royachoty taluk, in
villages Veerabally, Vangimalla, Gadikota, Hasan-
pur, Guvalchervu, Sundopally.
Main Division:—Jammalamadugu, Pulivendala
a n d P r o d d a t u r t a l u k a s .
C u d d a p a h t a l u k a : — C o m a r u n i p a l l y , M i t h a m i d i - p a l l y .
9. In the Telugu month of Jashtem the seeds are
sown in dry land ; after some days the small plants
grown are taken off and planted all over the fields ;
when the plants attain, say, a height of 3 feet or
Vol. vi.
so, the big leaves are cut down from the trees.
The trunks are then twisted a little and the trees.
manured. After the lapse of some days, the bud
and flowers ( reddish in colour) are harvested along
with twigs or small boughs of the trees.
10. The cultivators of hemp are of the same class
as other agricultural cultivators.
11. They are not raised from the wild hemp.
The seeds of the cultivated hemp only are used to
raise plants for the production of ganja.
14. Ganja is prepared in this district, in those
parts where the trees are cultivated ( referred to in
answer to question 7). It is prepared to a moder
- a t e e x t e n t .
15. I stated in my answer to question (9) under
the method of cultivation that flowers with small
boughs are cut down from the trees and tied into
bundles. As to the preparation of ganja, I have to
say that these bundles are dried a little in the heat
of the sun. The bundles are then placed one over
the other, tied in a mat, and a big weight placed
over it. After the lapse of a short period the bundles
are separated from each other and kept exposed
to the dew during the night ; at day-break, the
small bundles are again tied up into a big one, and.
the weight placed over the mat covering as above
stated. This practice is continued so long as a
g u m m y q u a l i t y i s c r e a t e d i n t h e f l o w e r s a n d b u d s .
Subsequently the bundles are completely dried in
the heat of the sun and then sold.
2 y 2