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months of July and August. When the plants
are full grown, they are reaped generally in
January and February. Manure and water are
necessary.
10. No.
11. No, as far as am I aware of.
13. There is no difference in the mode of culti-
vating hemp required for producing ganja or for
other purposes, according to my information.
14. (a), (c) Yes. Both to a small extent in this
district.
16. Prepared by some in their houses and others
in temples. It is not prepared from the wild
plant in this division.
17. By the licensed vendors and habitual con-
sumers, who are not restricted to any particular
class.
18. Ganja and bhang deteriorate by keeping.
Ganja keeps good for about a year with ordinary
care. Afterwards it deteriorates becoming quite
dry as dust and losing its resinous matter. It
may also be attacked by insects. Patti can be
kept only for five or six months. It afterwards
gets decomposed.
19. Ganja is not only used for smoking, but
also employed in the preparation of several intoxi-
cating drugs, such as majum, halwa.
20. Bairagis and fakirs for the most part. The
proportion of ganja smokers to the total popula-
tion would be very small in these parts.
21. Only flat ganja is used in this division.
29. The ingredient ordinarily used with ganja
for smoking is tobacco, and those exceptionally
mixed are sandalwood powder, musk, and opium.
For drinking purposes pepper is ordinarily mixed;
and cloves, cardamoms, nutmegs, cinnamon, and
various other spices are exceptionally used. Dha-
tura is used both in smoking and drinking to
increase intoxication.
30. Though these are for the most part used
by adult males, very small quantities may be used
by females.
31. The habit is easily formed and difficult to
break off. There is a tendency for the moderate
habit to develop into the excessive.
32. Bondilis use bhang (liquid) at the time of
the Holi festival. It is also said to be used on
Mesha Sankramanam day in Parlakimedi Taluk.
33.
The consumption of these drugs is regarded
with contempt, although it cannot be said that
there is any public opinion on the point. Every
object which causes intoxication is generally held
in disrepute by the Hindus; more so ganja, as it
is supposed to cause derangement of the brain.
35. (a) No.
(b) Yes.
The prohibition would cause great discontent
among the consumers, though it will not amount
to a political danger in these parts. The prohi-
bition will no doubt be followed by recourse to
liquor and other intoxicating drugs.
40. Yes.
43. Yes.
44. Produces intoxication and allays hunger.
45. (b) Yes.
(e) Y e s .
( f ) Y e s ; i n s a n i t y i s c a u s e d i n e x c e p t i o n a l
cases. Temporary. Yes. Lately a person who
was rendered insane by the frequent use of ganja
was produced before me. Enquiry showed that
the cause of insanity was ganja, and he was a
person to be detained in a lunatic asylum for
treatment. The insanity was, however, of a tem-
porary nature, as a few days' restraint resulted
in a perceptible improvement in his state of mind.
58. The preparations from the hemp plant are
consumed to so small an extent in these parts that
I do not consider that any changes in the present
system of excise administration are called for in
this district.
60. There is no control at all in this presidency
on the cultivation of the hemp plant.
68. Not in the Ganjam district, as far as I am
aware of.
69. Enquiries are made as to whether there is
any necessity for a shop at the place in question.
No persons raise objections to the opening of a
shop. There is only one shop in a fairly large
town like Parlakimedi with over sixteen thousand
inhabitants.
People living in villages do not require a shop
as they can grow the plant.
23. Evidence of MR. H. CAMPBELL, Acting Sub-Collector, Guntoor.
1. I have had no personal experience
r e g a r - d i n g t h e m a t t e r s c o n n e c t e d w i t h h e m p d r u g s , a n d
can only give information which I have collected officially.
2. The hemp products are known under different
names—ganja, bhang, majum, madad, halwa, sak-
karao, etc. These names are probably local syno-
nyms for one or other of the three main prepara-
tions under which the hemp drugs are classified in
the second question, viz., ganja, bhang, and
majum. Ganja is generally prepared from the
dried leaves of hemp plant, which are reduced to
powder by being rubbed on the palm of one hand
with the thumb of the other hand. It is then
mixed with small proportion of cut tobacco, and
the mixture is put in a chillum or pipe and
smoked. Bhang is prepared by grinding the dried
leaves of the male plant and mixing the powder
with water and sugar, a little milk being some-
times added to increase the flavour. It is then
used as a stimulating drink. To make it more
intoxicating the seeds of the dhatura (stramonium
seed) are sometimes mixed with it. Majum is
prepared by soaking the hemp flower in water or
cocoanut milk and boiling it in milk. The mix-
ture is boiled down till it gets sufficiently dry to
make a sweetmeat cut of it by adding sugar and
spices. Charas is not generally known in this
part of the country. It is said that it is prepared
by mixing the resinous exudation from the leaves
and flowers of the hemp plant with tobacco.
3. I am not aware of any spontaneous growth
of the hemp plant.
4. The hemp plant is known in this part of the
country by the name of ganja tree. The other
appellations for Indian hemp, or
Cannabis indica, are bhanga, ganjika, bijiya (seeds), bhang
(Hindu) ; ganjar; beng, ganja, tam, Mala