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same condition ; whilst the inguinal were some as large as beans, pinkish and
slightly engorged, others of about the normal size and appearance. It may be
mentioned here that the lymphatic vessels presented no abnormality as a rule,
except that in some cases those near the bubo seemed to be slightly swollen ;
the thoracic duct too was either normal or possibly slightly swollen.
Condition of the other Organs.—Haemorrhages were frequently found
beneath the conjunctivae, in the connective tissue under the scalp, and under the
periosteum on the surface of the cranial bones, also extravasations sometimes of
large size were occasionally found amongst the muscles, especially in those of
the abdominal wall. The occurrence of potechiae in the skin has been already
mentioned.
Nervous System.—The dura mater and pía mater were much engorged, and
the appearance of lymph was seen along the course of the larger vessels in the
latter membrane ; the puncta cruenta in the brain were well marked, but the
brain substance itself looked normal, as did the fluid in the ventricles. The
spinal cord presented a similar engorged appearance but showed no other
abnormality, and the nerve-trunks appeared to be normal.
Alimentary System.—The tonsils were either normal or enlarged to the size
of almonds, of a dusky purple colour, soft and engorged ; and similarly the
pharyngeal tonsils were either normal or engorged. The parotid and
sub-maxillary salivary glands were either normal or engorged to some extent
the mucous membrane of the pharynx and oesophagus was usually dusky from
engorgement. The stomach showed constantly a distinctly engorged appearance
with haemorrhages into the mucous membrane which were usually petechial but
sometimes of a larger size. Similar engorgement and petechiae were frequent in
the large intestine and rectum, but were less generally found in the small
intestine. (This applies especially to petechise.) In some cases Peyer's patches
and the solitary follicles looked distinct, prominent and slightly swollen ; but
usually they were either somewhat distinct or of the normal appearance.
The Liver was always distinctly enlarged and full of blood, but the sub-
stance itself was usually rather pale and soft from parenchymatous degeneration,
there was bile in the gall bladder either of the usual appearance or thin and
watery. Haemorrhages into the mucous membrane of the gall bladder were
rarely seen. In one instance small necrotie patches were scattered through the
liver. This case will be described hereafter.
The Pancreas was either normal or engorged.
The Spleen was always enlarged, sometimes to two or three times the
ordinary size, the capsule was normal, the spleen-pulp of a brick-red or purple
colour and always markedly engorged. It was either fairly firm or rather soft
and the Malpighian bodies plainly seen as if each were engorged, so as to give
the section sometimes almost a granular appearance.
Urinary System.—The kidneys were always enlarged and much engorged,
the capsule stripped easily and petechial haemorrhages were constantly found
beneath it ; the kidney substance itself was pale and soft from parenchy-
matous degeneration. There was distinct engorgement of the pelvis of the
kidney with petechial haemorrhages and sometimes a large clot distending the
pelvis and calices. The whole ureter was frequently engorged, and distinct
haemorrhages could be seen under its inner coat. The bladder was usually dis-
tended with urine, which was either of the normal or a slightly blood-stained
colour ; small haemorrhages were frequently seen in the mucous membrane of
the bladder.
The Genital System showed nothing abnormal beyond some engorgement.
The supra-renal capsule and thyroid body were engorged but otherwise normal.
The Peritoneum showed considerable engorgement, and haemorrhages into
the retro-peritoneal tissue were frequently found; thus, they were seen on the
under surface of the diaphragm, on the upper surface of the liver, especially
close to the ligaments, and in one instance there was a haemorrhage completely
enclosing the gall-bladder, so that there was a casing of coagulated blood