NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
INDEX.
343
Teeth, development of
— disorders and irregularities of ..
— replacement of ..
" Tein-nyun-sa "
Temperature, normal
— method of taking
Temporal glands, congestion of
— inflammation of ..
..
..
— situation of
Testicles, description of
Tetanus, causes, symptoms and treat-
ment
Tethering
— chains
Thermometer, clinical
— method of using
Thorax, anatomy of . .
"Thut"
Thymol, actions, uses and closes of ..
"Tib"
"Tick fever"
Ticks
"Til ka tel" ..
..
..
Tissues, general consideration of
Tobacco decoction, actions, uses and
doses of
— infusion ..
— leaves
Toe-nails, number of .,
Tonics, definition of ..
— digestive
Trypanosomiasis
Tushes, anatomy of ..
— in males
Tusks, anatomy of
— cutting the
— treatment of split
— weight of
Treacle, actions, uses and doses of ..
Treatment, general, in sickness
Trunk, anatomy of ..
Tuberculosis
"Tumhakoo"
Turmeric, actions, uses and doses of
Tympanites, causes, symptoms and
treatment ..
" UDDARUCK "
Udder, description of
" Ujman," actions, uses and doses of
" Ujwan," actions, uses and doses of
Ulceration, causes of
— chronic
— classification of ..
..
. .
— definition of
— of ears
..
" . .
— of elbows
— of forehead
— of tail
— spreading ulcers
Ureters
Urethra
Urinary system, anatomy of ..
— signs of disease in
Urine, bloody
PAGE
65
173
66
12
166
166
175
177
99
90
318
50
50
113
166
76
305
159
151
311
215
151
100
160
160
160
72
121
118
305
66
67
66
174
174
68
160
163
77
319
160
160
277
150
91
160
160
190
192
. 190
190
195
193
194
195
191
88
88
88
89
235
PAGE
Urine, characters of normal ..
— frequency of voiding
— retention of
Urticaria, causes, symptoms and treat-
ment
Uterus, description and length of ..
VAGINA, description and length of ..
Value
— of timber elephants
— of trained tuskers
— of trained baggage elephants ..
Veins, definition of ..
Verdigris, actions, uses and doses of
Vermicides, definition and examples of
Vertebræ, cervical
— caudal
— dorsal
— lumbar
— sacral
Vinegar, actions, uses and doses of ..
Vomiting
Vulva
WARBLES
Watering
— times of ..
— amount required
Wax, actions, uses and doses of
Weight of carcase
— of live animal
— of Government loads
— used by mahouts
Weights and measures
"Wet-kôn"
Wheat flour, actions, uses and doses of
" Windstroke"
Work
— inspection before and after
— times of ..
Worms in elephant ..
— round
— treatment for
Wounds, definition of
— dressing of
— general treatment of
— healing of
— poisoned wounds
— removal of foreign bodies from . .
— strapping for
— suturing of
— tiger-wounds
— varieties of
"ZANGAR"
Zinc chloride liq., actions, uses and
. doses of
— lotion, actions, uses and doses of
— ointment, actions, uses and doses
of
— oxide, actions, uses and doses of
— sulphate, actions, uses and doses
of
88
88
234
205
90
90
7
8
8
8
81
161
123
68
69
69
69
69
161
251
90
213
24
25
24
161
6
7
27
116
115
12
161
256
25
28
25
269
268
270
179
184
180
185
184
181
181
182
185
179
161
161
161
161
161
161
G. B. C. P. O.—No. 12, S., C.V.D., 15(e), 1-8-1910-2,000-F. X. deC.
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY
DEPARTMENT, SIND, FOR
THE YEAR 1945-46.
KARACHI:
PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRESS
1947
Below Annual Administration Report of the Civil Veterinary
Department, Sind, for the year 1945-46.
No. G.-IV-6/10566 of 1946-47.
OFFICE OF THE
DIRECTOR OF VETERINARY SERVICES, SIND.
Karachi, dated 14th November 1946.
Forwarded with compliments to the Secretary to the Government of Sind,
Agriculture and Industries Department, Karachi.
2. Mr. H. S. Bawa, M.R.C.V.S., held charge of the department through-
out the year. He also held the charge of the post of the Veterinary
Investigation Officer, Sind, Karachi, in addition to his duties.
3. Mortality Statistics.—The
total reported mortality among equines,
bovines and other animals during the year under review was 7,215 as com-
pared with 4,271 in the preceding year. The large increase was due to
incidence of Rinderpest in almost all the districts which was not prevalent in
virulent form last year.
4. Veterinary Dispensaries.—There
were 37 Veterinary Dispensaries
working at the beginning and close of the year. The District Local Boards,
Hyderabad and Thar Parkar, pressed for opening more dispensaries in their
districts, but owing to dearth of qualified hands to run even the existing
dispensaries, further expansion of the department could not be initiated.
48,201 cases were treated at the Veterinary Dispensaries as compared with
49,580 last year. 7,148 castrations performed as against 6,357 during he
preceding year. The Veterinary Assistant Surgeons and Veterinary Field
Compounders during the course of their tours treated 52,257 cases for
contagious and parasitic diseases. 9,260 for non-contagious diseases and
castrated 5,785 animals in 3,386 villages during the year under review as
against 36,206 cases for contagious and parasitic diseases, 9,508 for non-
contagious diseases treated and 5,429 castrations performed in 3,082 villages
during the preceding year. The decrease in the figures is attributed to
deputation of Veterinary Assistant Surgeons and shortage of certain medicine
of every day use in the dispensaries due to war. The increase in- cases
treated for contagious diseases is due to mass vaccinations carried out
throughout the Province as a prophylactic measure as well as in actual jut-
breaks of rinderpest to protect cattle against the scourage of the disease.
5. Propaganda.—The
department participated in different
Rural
Reconstruction Centres. Show and Fairs, as usual.
6. Investigation of diseases.—Imperial Council of Agricultural Research
have sanctioned the entertainment of the post of Assistant Veterinary
Investigation Officer (Poultry) Sind, from 15th October 1945 on 50 : 50 basis
and the work of investigation of poultry diseases in Sind has since beer
undertaken after the necessary training undergone by the Officer concerned.
L (IV) 1860—
2
7. Horse Show.—The District Local Board, Upper Sind Frontier, held
their Horse and Pony Show at Jacobabad, as usual, and Department rendered
every possible help in making the show a success. Government contributed
Rs. 500 and a silver medal. The medal was awarded to the best animal
at the show. The Karachi Race and Riding Club, Ltd., Karachi, donated
a similar sum in cash.
8. Breeding operations.—The District Local Board, Upper Sind Frontier,
maintained 3 Stallions with satisfactory services to the district horse breeding
industry.
9. The expenditure of the department was Rs. 2,64,224 as compared
with Rs. 2,22,625 in 1944-45.
10. General.—The work of the department is handicaped for want of
qualified hands and more so on account of Sindhis not coming forward to
take up Veterinary line solely due to poor prospects of the Subordinate
Veterinary staff as compared to other departments. Now that the scales of
pay of subordinate veterinary staff revised but held in abeyance and prospects
given to the department under the Post-War Development Schemes
administratively approved by Government, chances appear to be bright to
secure the necessary qualified hands in the near future.
No proper facilities are available for research work, due to lack of proper
building where properly equiped laboratory could be stationed. The demand
for the building to accommodate the offices of Director of Veterinary Services,
Sind, and of other officers stationed at Karachi and Veterinary Laboratory is
a very pressing one and hope Government will see their way to provide one
at an early date.
H. S. BAWA,
M. R. C. V. S., J.P.
Director of Veterinary Services, Sind.
3
Annual Administration Report of the Civil Veterinary Department,
Sind, for the year 1945-46.
Mr. H. S. Bawa, M.R.C.V.S., held charge of the Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment, Sind, throughout the year. He was on tour for 57 days during which
period he attended outbreaks of contagious diseases whenever possible and
inspected most of the Veterinary Dispensaries. He also attended Animal
Disease and Pest Committee Meeting and Advisory Board Meeting of the
Imperial Council of Agricultural Research at New Delhi. He travelled
14,266 miles by rail and 287 miles by road and accompanied Sardar Bahadur
Sir Dattar Singh, Cattle Utilisation Advisor to the Government of India and
Mr. Zal R. Kothawala, Dairy Development Advisor to the Government of
India, for visiting Songi, Babrana, Songal and Shewaram Panjrapoles,
Willingdon Cattle Farm and Military Dairy Farm, Malir, Hub Choki and
other Milk Centres. Mr. Bawa also held the charge of the post of Veterinary
Investigation Officer, Sind, in addition to his own duties throughout the year
under report. The problems of the various diseases tackled and investigated
by him are stipulated in detail in his annual reports submitted to the Imperial
Council of Agricultural Research, a brief summary of which is given elsewhere
in this report.
2. Mr. M. W. Mirza, G.B.V.C. continued to hold the charge of the.
Veterinary Laboratory, Karachi throughout the year. The Veterinary
Laboratory continued to produce the goat tissue virus efficiently and supplied
the sera and vaccines whenever and whenever required during the year under
report. There was lot of demand of goat tissue virus during the year under
report and it was efficiently met with.
I.—VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
3. There were 6 Sindhi scholars studying at the Bombay Veterinary
College at the beginning of the year. Of these one passed and one new
scholar was sent to the college during the year under report and altogether
there were six scholars studying at the Bombay Veterinary College at the
end of the year. One Sindhi scholar was also sent to the Punjab Veterinary
College, Lahore, who continued his studies at the college at the end of the
year.
II.—TREATMENT OF DISEASES.
(i) EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS.
4. Diagnosis of diseases.—One of the main activities of the Veterinary
Laboratory is diagnosis, of diseases by examination of material sent by the
staff in the field. 716 interesting specimens of blood smears, serum, pus,
nasal washings, scrapings, helminthic parasites, etc., were examined.
495 specimens were found positive for different diseases. During the
preceding year the number of specimens examined were 1,504 and 890 were
positive.
5. Table I.—Outbreaks of contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases
were reported from all over the districts and the total mortality reported
during the year under report was 7,215 against 4,271 in the preceding year.
4
(ii) CONTAGIOUS DISEASES IN EQUINES.
6. Surra.—This disease was reported from all over the districts. There
were 122 attacks and 42 deaths. The remaining animals received the treat-
ment with Antrypol and reported to have recovered. Last year there were
477 attacks and 97 deaths.
7. Other contagious diseases.—There were 55 attacks and 8 deaths
from Piroplasmosis, 39 attacks and 4 deaths from Strangles, 3 attacks and
3 deaths from Rabies and one attack and one death from Anthrax during the
year under report as compared with 42 attacks and 5 deaths from Piroplasmosis,
202 attacks and 11 deaths from Strangles, and 8 attacks and 8 deaths from
Rabies in the preceding year. There was no outbreak of Anthrax recorded
last year.
(iii) CONTAGIOUS DISEASES IN BOVINES.
(a) Cattle.
8. Rinderpest.—There were in all 2,758 attacks and 1,005 deaths
reported from Karachi, Hyderabad, Nawabshah, Thar Parkar, Larkana and
Upper Sind Frontier districts only, as against 1,870 attacks and 429 deaths
reported from Karachi and Hyderabad districts only during the preceding
year.
9. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—In all 242 attacks and 231 deaths were
reported from all the districts in Sind, except Upper Sind Frontier, as against
255 attacks and 211 deaths reported during the preceding year.
10. Foot-and-Mouth disease.—This disease was prevalent in all the
districts of Sind with 3,142 attacks and 57 deaths as against 8,274 attacks
and 55 deaths reported during last year.
11. Black Quarter.—One outbreak of this disease was reported in
Nawabshah district in which only one animal was seized without mortality as
against 18 attacks and all deaths reported during the preceding year.
12. Anthrax.—This disease was responsible for causing 2 deaths in
Karachi district as against 6 deaths in the three districts of Hyderabad,
Larkana and Sukkur during the last year.
13. Rabies.—There were only three attacks and 3 deaths from Rabies
as against 2 attacks and 2 deaths during the last year.
14. Other contagious diseases.—Five attacks with one death from
Piroplasmosis and 29 attacks without mortality from Variola. Liver Fluke
disease was reported from all the districts and was responsible for a mortality
of 192 cattle out of 6,495 attacks as against 113 deaths and 3,513 attacks
reported during the preceding year.
(b) Buffaloes.
15. Rinderpest.—This disease was prevalent in all the districts of Sind
with the exception of Dadu and Sukkur districts. There were 2,848 seizures
and 1,723 deaths reported during the year under report as against 169 attacks
and 114 deaths reported during last year.
5
16. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—In all 720 attacks and 600 deaths
occurred in all the districts of Sind from this disease, as against 568 attacks
and 528 deaths reported during the preceding year.
17. Foot-and-Mouth disease.—There were 1,275 attacks with 7 deaths
as against 1,200 seizures and 4 deaths from all over the districts of Sind in
the preceding year.
18. Black Quarter.—Only three outbreaks were reported in Nawabshah
district in which 12 out of 13 animals affected succumbed to the disease as
against 13 attacks and all deaths during last year.
19. Other contagious diseases.—There were 35 attacks without mortality
from Variola. This disease was not reported during the preceding year.
Liver Fluke disease was responsible for 11,815 attacks and 290 deaths, as
against 4,738 seizures and 157 deaths during last year.
(iv) CONTAGIOUS DISEASES AMONG OTHER ANIMALS.
(a) Sheep.
20. Foot-and-Mouth disease.—In all 10 sheep were attacked without
deaths in Karachi district, as against 78 attacks and 2 deaths in Karachi and
Thar Parkar districts last year.
21. Other contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—17,098 attacks
with 527 deaths were reported from Liver Fluke disease and 551 attacks and
33 deaths from Parasitic Gastritis were reported during the year under report
as against 6,810 attacks and 362 deaths from the former and 117 attacks and
13 deaths from the latter disease reported last year.
(b) Goats.
22. Anthrax.—This fatal disease was responsible for causing mortality
of 45 goats out of 45 attacked, as against 126 attacks and 126 deaths last year.
23. Goat-Pox.—There were 106 seizures but no deaths recorded during
the year under report as against 470 attacks and 27 deaths last year.
24. Fleuro-pueumonia.—913 goats were seized of which 592 died as
against 1,010 attacks and 700 deaths recorded last year.
25. Scab.—This disease was responsible for causing a mortality of
11 goats out of 103 attacked during the year under report No incidence of
this disease was reported during last year.
26. Foot-and-Mouth disease.—Altogether, 823 attacks and 26 deaths
were reported from this disease, as against 4,994 attacks and 160 deaths in
the previous year.
27. Other contagious diseases.—23,263 attacks with 904 deaths were
reported from Liver Fluke disease, Parasitic gastritis and Contagious agalactia
from the whole Province, as against 19,132 attacks with 174 deaths recorded
6
last year from Liver Fluke disease, Parasitic gastritis, Verminos bronchitis,
Variola, Contagious mammitis, Contagious agalactia, Rinderpest, Wah and
Mange.
(c) Dogs.
28. Rabies.—42 deaths were reported from Karachi, Hyderabad and
Sukkur districts, as against 30 deaths last year.
29. Other contagious diseases.—140 dogs were affected with Piroplas-
mosis with 11 deaths as against 200 attacks and 19 deaths last year.
(d) Camels.
30. Surra.—50 camels were reported to have been attacked by Surra.
Of these, 13 died. The figures for the preceding year being 213 attacks and
32 deaths.
31. Mange.—109 camels were attacked and only 5 died during the year
under report as against 224 attacks and 4 deaths last year.
32. Contagious, infectious and parasitic diseases.—One outbreak of
Filariasis with one attack and one death was reported from Hyderabad district
and one outbreak each of Piroplasmosis, Anthrax and camel-pox were reported
from Dadu district with 4 attacks and nil deaths, one attack and one death
and one attack and one death respectively, as against nil in the first two
diseases and one attack and one death from Anthrax recorded during the
preceding year.
(e) Poultry.
33. Fowl-pox, Doyles disease, Spirochætosis and Fowl-Cholera were
reported from Karachi, Hyderabad, Thar Parkar and Dadu districts. The
total mortality being 822 out of 1,190 birds affected in all, against 257 birds
died and 294 attacked last year.
(v) PREVENTIVE INOCULATIONS.
34. The Veterinary Laboratory continued to manufacture Goat Tissue
Virus Vaccine and supplied the same to the District Veterinary Staff in carrying
out the vaccination against Rinderpest in actual outbreaks of the disease,
which were many during the year under report, as well as to immunize live-
stock against Rinderpest in absence, of actual outbreaks.
35. Table II.—Rinderpest.—32,485 head of cattle and buffaloes were
protected with Goat Tissue Virus and Anti-rinderpest serum in 257 outbreaks
of Rinderpest. 64 deaths occurred among vaccinated ones. Last year in
132 outbreaks of the disease 19,331 head of cattle and buffaloes were vaccinated
with the Goat Tissue Virus with a mortality of 90 recorded among the
vaccinated ones.
7
36. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia Vaccine and
serum were used as immunizing agents. 3,649 head of cattle and buffaloes
were inoculated by serum alone method in 51 outbreaks, 1 654 heads were
vaccinated by vaccine alone in 14 outbreaks and 2 852 animals were protected
in 42 outbreaks by serum and vaccine simultanous method with total mortality
of 544 among uninoculated and no death among the inoculated ones. Last
year 1,358 head of cattle and buffaloes were inoculated in 22 outbreaks by
Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia vaccine and serum method and 2,552 cattle and
buffaloes in 52 outbreaks by serum alone method, with 465 deaths among
uninoculated ones and 2 among inoculated ones. In addition, 2 horses were
also protected against the disease with serum alone method.
37. Anthrax.—In 5 outbreaks of the disease 242 bovines and 405 goats
were inoculated against Anthrax, by serum. The mortality reported among
inoculated ones being nil. Last year there were 13 outbreaks of the disease
in which 371 bovines and 145 goats were inoculated with mortality of 1 in
the former and nil in the latter among the inoculated ones.
38. Black Quarter.—In 3 outbreaks of the disease 71 animals were
protected by Black Quarter serum without mortality among inoculated ones.
There was no vaccination performed against the disease last year.
39. Contagious Pleuro-pneumonia.—There were 28 outbreaks in which
6,710 goats were vaccinated with the locally prepared formalised lung tissue
vaccine. 420 animals died from unvaccinated ones and 60 from the protected
ones. During the preceding year 11,496 goats were vaccinated in 41 out-
breaks and the numbers of goats which died among unvaccinated and
vaccinated were 537 and 47 respectively.
40. Fowl-pox.—408 birds were vaccinated with the fowl-pox vaccine
with a mortality of 20 from the vaccinated ones. Last year 185 birds were
protected with the vaccine without any mortality recorded among vaccinated
ones.
41. Fowl Cholera.—In two outbreaks 181 fowls were protected with
fowl cholera serum, the reported mortality among the inoculated birds being
32 only. Last year in 3 outbreaks 124 fowls were protected with a mortality
of 9 among protected ones.
42. Doyles disease.—One outbreak was reported. No vaccination could
be carried as there were no arrangements to produce the vaccine at Karachi.
43. Spirochætosis.—122 birds were protected with Soamin against this
disease with no death among the vaccinated ones. Last year 280 birds were
protected against the disease with 1 death among the protected ones.
44. Rabies.—Altogether in 19 outbreaks, 5 bovines, 12 equines and
41 dogs were inoculated as prophylactic measure with Anti-Rabic vaccine.
2 bovines, 2 equines and 29 dogs succumbed to the disease before inoculation.
8
(vi) OTHER DISEASES.
45. Table IV.—52,257 cases for contagious and parasitic diseases and
9,262 for non-contagious diseases were treated and 5,785 castrations were
performed by Veterinary Assistant Surgeons and Veterinary Field Com-
pounders- during the course of their tours in 3,386 villages. In the preceding
year the cases for contagious and parasitic diseases were 36,206, for non-
contagious disease 9,508 castrations 5,429 and the villages visited 3,082.
46. A brief summary of work done by the Veterinary Investigation
Officer, Sind, is given below :—
47. Contagious Pleuvo-pneumonia.—As
many as 6,710 goats were
vaccinated with for alized diseased lung tissue. 339 goats died before the
inoculation and 69 vaccinated goats died. The average mortality among the
vaccinated was 9 per cent.
48. Goat-pox.—One outbreak was reported. Disease was suspected to
be a goat-pox. By chance Mr. J. A. Idnani, Research Officer from Mukteswar,
was in Sind. He visited the site of outbreak and collected nodules like
lesions from the goats. These have been biologically tested at Mukteswar
and were found not to be lesions from goat-pox but goat dermatitis, which is
also a vital disease and existence of which has recently been found out by
Imperial Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar-Kumaon. The difference
between the goat-pox and this condition is that there is no formation of
vesicles, but only hard nodules are found which soften and turn into scabs
in the later stages. In a flock of 250 goats, 18 goats were attacked, 6 died
and 12 recovered:
49. Encephalomyelitis in kids.—This disease was investigated at Pithoro,
where the mortality among kids aging from 10 days to 20 days had taken
place about a month back. The symptoms were dullness, loss of appetite
rise of temperature to 104º, Twitching of facial muscles, staggering gait, and
subsequently loss of the use of limbs and death. The course of the disease
was 3 to 4 days.
50. Rinderpest.—80 cattle were vaccinated by scarification method.
There was very mild reaction. Immunity test will be carried out in due course.
51. Tuberculosis.—120 cattle were put to tuberculin test by the double
intradermal method. None of the animals gave positive reaction
One cow
gave doubtful reaction.
52. Sudden deaths in camels.—Three camels died after eating leaves of
turnips brought from Karachi Sewage Farm. About an hour after the
ingestion of leaves, the camels felt giddy and suddenly collapsed and died.
Samples of ingesta from stomach and intestine and portion of fodder taken
by camels before death were sent to Research. Officer, Nutrition Section for
favour of examination and report. The report is still awaited. The sample
of turnip leaves was obtained from the Sewage Farm and fed to a goat for
two days, without any ill effects. There is possibility that the death in the
case of camels may be due to acute tympany.