NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
3
Department. Another clear proof of the benefit which the
department is bringing to the cultivators is the constant
increase in the number of inoculations, which can only be carried
out with the consent of the owners of the cattle. These increased
from 92,030 in 1920-21 to 123,387 in the year 1921-22, and
159,325 in the present year. This shows a growing appreciation
of the value of inoculation among those chiefly concerned.
5. The control of outbreaks.—The Veterinary Adviser consi-
ders that cattle disease will never be controlled, except by a central
authority for all India. This view will merit serious considera-
tion as the provincial departments improve their organizations
and combined action can be made effective. In the meanwhile,
it is obvious that the prompt reporting of outbreaks is of great
importance, and Government will consider the Veterinary Adviser's
proposals for special rewards to chaukidars for this work.
Cattle breeding.—The Agricultural Department is now in
charge of cattle breeding throughout the province, and this
subject will be more appropriately discussed in dealing with
the report of the Director of Agriculture. Government share
Mr. Quinlan's regret that this important activity has received
a set back by the restriction of breeding operations at Sipaya.
This change was recommended by the Agricultural Committee,
chiefly on the ground of economy, and Government are consider-
ing the establishment of a farm at Monghyr which, it is hoped,
will effect the objects of the Sipaya farm, but at the 6amo time-
owing to the large local demand for milk be brought on to a self-
supporting basis in the near future.
7. Staff.—In view of the growing popularity of the depart-
ment, Government have under consideration a scheme whereby
the number of touring assistant surgeons will be increased and
the expense, as before, shared with local bodies. They take
this opportunity of iæpressing on all district boards the impor-
tance of increasing their veterinary staff. The majority are well
able to share the cost with Government, but those cases, in
which extra officers are ne<dei and district boards are genuinely
unable to afford them, will always receive sympathetic considera-
tion from Government.
8. Cruelty to animals.—Government regret to learn of the
callousness which still prevails regarding the sufferings of
animals whose owners p'y for hire in municipal areas, and will
consider what can be done to improve the present state of
affairs.
4
9. Government acknowledge the keenness and efficiency
with which Mr. Quinlan has administered the department, and
have noted his commendation of the services of his staff.
ORDER —Ordered that the resolution be published in the
Bihar and Orrisa Gazette and that a copy of it together with
a copy of the report be submitted to the Government of India.
By order etc,
B. A. COLLINS,
Secretary.
MEMO. NO. 2739-42-D.
Dated the 26th October 1923.
COPY forwarded to the
Director of civil Veterinary Department.
Director of Agriculture,
Local bell Government Department
Finance Department.
Bihar
And Orissa, for information.
By order, etc.,
K. C. DAS.
Assistant Secretary to Government.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT
BIHAR AND ORISSA
FOR THE YEAR
1925-26
PATNA:
SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BIHAR AND ORISSA,
1926.
[Price Re. 1 annas 6.]
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT
BIHAR AND ORISSA
FOR THE YEAR
1925-26
PATNA :
SUPEBINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BIHAR AND ORISSA
1926.
[Price Re. 1 annas 6.]
PRICED
PUBLICATIONS
OF
THE GOVERNMENT
OF,
BIHAR AND ORISSA CAN BE HAD FROM—
IN INDIA.
The Superintendent, Government Printing, Bihar and Orissa,
Gulzarbagh P. O.
(1) MESSRS. THACKER, SPINK & Co., Calcutta.
(2) MESSRS. W. NEWMAN & Co., Calcutta.
(3) MESSRS. S. K. Lahiri & Co., College Street, Calcutta.
(4) MESSRS. R. CAMBRAY & Co., 6 and 8-2, Hastings Street, Calcutta.
(6) MESSRS. THOMPSON & Co., Madras.
(6) Messes. D. B. TARAPORRVALA SONS & Co., 103, Meadow Street Fort, Post
Box No. 18, Bombay.
(7) MESSRS. M. C. SIRCAR & SONS, 75, Harrison Road, Calcutta.
(8) PROPRIETOR OF THE NEWAL KISHORE PRESS, Lucknow.
(9) MESSRS. M. N. BURMAN & Co., Bankipore.
(10) BABU RAM DAYAL AGARWALA 184, Katra Road, Allahabad.
(11) THE STANDARD LITERATURE Co., Ltd., 131-, Old Court House Street, Calcutta
(12) MANAGER OF THE INDIAN SCHOOL SUPPLY DEPOT, 309, Bow Bazar Street,
Calcutta.
(13) MESSRS. BUTTERWORTH & Co., Ltd., 6, Hastings Street, Calcutta.
(14) MESSRS. RAM KRISHNA & SONS, Anarkali Street, Lahore.
(16) THE OXFORD BOOK AND STATIONERY COMPANY, Delhi.
(16) MESSRS DAS BROTHERS, Nouzerkatra, Patna City.
(17) THE BOOK COMPANY, 4/4(a), College Square, Calcutta.
IN ENGLAND AND ON THE CONTINENT.
(1) FROM THE OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR INDIA, 42, Grosvenor
Gardens, London, S. W. l, or
(2) ANY BOOKSELLER.
No. 8226-V. D.
From
CAPT. P. B. RILEY, M.R.C.V.S., I.V.S.,
OFFG.
DIRECTOR,
CIVIL
VETERINARY
DEPARTMENT, BIHAR AND ORISSA.
To
THE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNMENT OF
BIHAR AND ORISSA, EDUCATION
DEPART-
MENT, PATNA.
Dated Patna, the 6th November 1926.
SUBJECT.—Administration Report.
SIR,
I HAVE the honour to submit herewith in duplicate the
Annual Administration Report of the Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment, Bihar and Orissa, for the year 1925-26.
I have the honour to be,
SIR,
Your most obedient servant,
P. B. RILEY, CAPT., I.V.S.,
Offg. Director, Civil Veterinary Department,
and
Veterinary Adviser to the Government of
Bihar and Orissa.
CONTENTS.
1. General Administration ...
2. North Bihar Range ...
3. Orissa Range ...
4. Veterinary instruction ...
5. Treatment of disease ...
6. Breeding operations ...
7. Provincial Establishment ...
8. Subordinate Establishment
9. Laboratories ...
10. General Remarks ...
11. Appendices
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
PAGE.
... 1—2
... 2
... 2—8
... 3—4
...
5—13
... 13—15
... 15—16
... 16—18
... 18—19
... 19—20
... i—xxvi
REFERENCES
Head Quarters-District . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
„ Sub-Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Boundary-Province . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
„ Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
District . . . . . . . . .
„ Sub-Division . . . . . . . .
„ of Minor State
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Rinderpest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hœimorrbagic septiœmia . . . . . . . .
Black Quarter . . . . . . . . . .
Bovines Sorra . . . . . . . . .
Foot & mouth disease not shown owing to its comparative uniæportance
(Sd) P.B. Riley, Captain, I.V.S
Offg: Director Civil Veterinary Department
Bihar & Orissa
THE PROVINCE
OF
BIHAR AND ORISSA
owing the Districts where outbreaks
cattle disease occured in 1925-26
Scale 1 Inch = 32 Miles
(Sd) P. B. Riley, Captain, I.V.S
Offg: Director Civil Veterinary Department
Bihar & Orissa.
[Maximum limit 20 pages.]
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DERARTMENT
BIHAR AND ORISSA
FOR THE YEAR
1925-26
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION.
1. Mr. D. Quinlan was the Director and Veterinary Advise 1
to Government and also Deputy Director of the Central Range
throughout the year. As I was on leave for eight months,
Captain G. G. Howard acted as Deputy Director of North Bihar
Range up to the 10th November 1925, when he also proceeded
on leave for eleven months, having been relieved by Assistant
Director Babu Nilmoni Chattarji.
2. Rai Sahib P. N. Das was in charge of the Orissa Range
throughout the year, while Babu Nilmoni Chattarji on return
from leave was posted to the Head office at Patna.
3. During the period under report Mr. Quinlan visited the
following hospitals and dispensaries :—
Dinapur, Gaya, Bihar, Sherghati, Nawada, Aurangabad,
Daudnagar, Arrah, Buxar, Sasaram, Bhabua, Muzaffarpur,
Monghyr, Bhagalpur, Banka, Dumka, Pakaur, Godda, Cattack,
Hazarihagh, Giridih, Koderma, Chatra, Ranchi, Daltonga'nj,
Purulia.
As member of the Cattle Committee which completed its
tours during the year, he visited Pusa, selected areas in Sbaha-
bad district and parts of the Tirhut, Orissa and Chota Nagpur
divisions. In April, he visited the Military Dairy Farm at
Karnal to see the Tharpakar cows. He was also deputed to
Belgachia to discuss the scheme of the Bihar and Orissa
Veterinary College with the Principal of the Bengal Veterinary
2
College. He attended the Conference of the Board of Agricul-
ture at Pusa and was present at the Sonepur fair,
4. Mr. Quinlan acted as President at the promotion exami-
nations of the veterinary assistant surgeons in April and October
1925.
5. He was on tour for 144 days.
NORTH BIHAR RANGE.
6. Captain G. G. Howard was in charge of this range up to the
10th November, 1923, after which he was relieved by Babu Nil-
moni Chattarji for 22 days, i.e., until my return from leave. He
was on tour for 84 days and inspected the hospitals and dispensaries
at Muzaffarpur, Hajipur, Sitamarhi, Motipur, Chapra, Siwan,
Motihari, Dhaka, Bettiah, Samastipur, Purnea and Supaul ;
visited the Pusa and Sipaya farms as well as the Raj farm air
Bettiah, attended the Sitamarhi and Sonepur fairs, an outbreak
of surra at Jamshcdpur and a meeting of the Bhagalpur Divi-
sional Development Board. He also acted as Secretary and
Examiner at the promotion examinations of the veterinary
assistant surgeons.
7. I was in charge of this Range from the 3rd December
till the end of the year. During the period, I was on tour for
45 days and inspected the hospitals and dispensaries at Hajipur,
Sitamarhi, Siwan, Laheriasarai, Samastipur, Madhubani, Supaul
and Madhipura ; attended a meeting of the Saran district
board and the Conference of the Board of Agriculture held at
Pusa ; and acted as a member of the board of examiners at the
Bengal Veterinary College.
8. During his short incumbency, Babu N. Chattarji was
on tour for twelve days, inspected some of the hospitals and
dispensaries and attended a meeting of the Tirhut Divisional
Development Board.
9. The residence for the Deputy Director at Muzaffarpur
was completed and handed over in December 1925, but some
minor works such as the gate, fencing, etc., have yet to be done.
10. The work in this Range has developed considerably as
the statistics will show.
ORISSA RANGE.
11. Assistant Director Rai Sahib P. N. Das was in charge
of the Orissa Range throughout the year and visited all the
hospitals and dispensaries, the work in many instances being
8
checked more than once. He attended a few meetings of the
district boards, the Divisional Development Boards and the
Co-operative federation.
12. The construction of the office and laboratory at Cuttack.
could not be taken up as the Khasinahal site previously selected
was not made over and a new site is to be acquired. A revised
scheme was accordingly drawn up which involved a cost of
Rs. 32,000. It has received the approval of Government
and proceedings for the acquisition of land are in progress. It
is hoped that the work will be completed in 1927-28 at the latest.
13. The Range has maintained the popularity and improve-
ment in its general work which was noticed ID the previous year's
report.
VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
14. The question of the establishment of a veterinary college
received further consideration during the year -and it was finally
settled subject to the assent of the Legislative Council,
that this province should have a separate college with a view
to imparting proper instruction and obviating the necessity
of contributing so largely towards the maintenance of the Bengal
Veterinary College. The old university site at Phuhvari (Patna)
which is an excellent one, was selected for the purpose. Rough
plans and estimates and also the layout were prepared and sub-
mitted to Government. The initial expenditure on buildings,
furniture and fittings, drainage, water and electric supply is
roughly estimated at Rs. 6,35,900 and the. recurring charge at
Rs. 1,05,630. In addition to the main college with a research
laboratory, a separate scheme for the establishment of a cattle
breeding and dairying farm on the same site at an initial cost
of Rs. 2,48,223 and a recurring cost of Rs. 49,820 has also been
approved by Government. As already reported, this farm will
be utilised as a means of practical demonstration of the methods
of breeding, rearing and feeding cattle to the students of the
college and the interested public.
The agricultural portion and the irrigation work on the farm
has already commenced.
15. As regards admission of students to the Bengal Veteri-
nary College, only 17 boys joined as compared with twenty-
three during 1921-25. Of these, two left during the year.
The educational qualifications of the candidates were satisfactory
as thirteen were matriculates. To eliminate the unqualified,
arrangements were made with the Principal that no candidate
who was not previously approved by the Director should take
4
his admission. The result of this will be quite encouraging as
it will tend to man the department only with the best type
of officers in the subordinate cadre. Among those selected,
11 were awarded stipends from local bodies, 2 from Government
and the remaining 4 joined as private students.
16, At the end of the year there were 52 Bihar and Orissa
students on training in the college, compared with 58 in 1924-25.
Of this number, 26 were Hindus, 20 Muhammadans and
6 Indian Christians. According to nationality, 34 were
Biharis, 6 Bengalis, 6 Oriyas and 6 Ohota Nagpuris.
The following table shows the results of the annual examina-
tion of the Bengal Veterinary College in respect of the Bihar
and Orissa students :—
Class.
"A" ... ... ...
"B" ... ... ...
"C" ... ... ...
Total ...
Appeared.
16
22
14
52
Passed.
13
19
6
38
Remarks.
17. The State scholar studying in the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons, London, will finish his diploma and degree
courses and also the training in the methods of dairying, milk
recording, etc., in October 1926. It is proposed to grant another
State scholarship during 1926-27 provided the sanction of the
Secretary of State to the establishment of the veterinary college
is received in time.
18. During the year, three subordinate officers received
training ; one went through the short course for six months
at the Imperial Institute of Veterinary Research, Muktesar,
and the other two attended the post graduate class for nine
months at the Madras Veterinary College.
19. Thirty-two veterinary assistant surgeons appeared at
the half-yearly professional examinations. Of these, 13 passed
and were duly promoted to the next higher grades.
20. The cost of training amounted to Rs. 2,900 in England
and Rs. 862 in India excluding the contribution payable towards
the upkeep of the Bengal Veterinary College, the account of
which has not yet been settled.
5
TABLE II.
TREATMENT OF DISEASE.
21. A reference to the attached map will show that the con-
tagious diseases of livestock were fairly general in the province,
but compared with the previous two years the year under report
should be considered as the healthiest. Except in a few instances
the outbreaks were mostly of mild character and sporadic. As
the number of subordinate officers increased, it was possible to
give prompt help on many occasions with the result that the out-
breaks were checked before they could spread to a larger area.
Heavy mortalities were, however, recorded in Gaya, Hazaribagh,
Santal Parganas and Monghyr districts of the Central Kange, and
in Ranehi of the Orissa Range. Rinderpest, hæmorrhagic
septicaemia and foot and mouth disease were reported in all dis-
tricts, while six districts were affected with black quarter and eight
with anthrax. Altogether 6,408 outbreaks were brought to notice
and of these, 4,912 were attended by the staff, as compared with
6,518 reported and 4,877 attended in 1924-25. Including 82,459
cases of foot and mouth disease, 116,872 animals were affected in
the above outbreaks and out of them 16,275 died, against 121,066
attacks and 20,445 deaths recorded in the previous year. The
above figures show a decrease of 110 outbreaks, 4,194 attacks and
4,170 deaths.
22. The following table shows statistics of contagious
diseases for each range with respect to its area and cattle
population :—
Range.
1
North Bihar ...
South
Bihar
(Central).
Orissa
Total
..
Area in
square
miles.
2
20,457
33,844
28,864
83,165
Livestock.
3
8,726,100
8.742,861
7,021,828
24,400,793
Number of
outbreaks
reported.
4
736
2,661
3,013
6,408
Number of
outbreaks
attended.
6
725
2,240
1,917
4,912
Number of
animals
affected.
6
8,298*
43,594†
64,930†
116,872
Number of
deaths
recorded.
7
2,267
8,691
5,314
16,275
Remarks.
8
* Includes 4,426 cases of foot and mouth disease,
† Includes 23,831 „
„ „
„
„
„
+ Includes 54,202 „
„ „
„
„ „
23. In spite of the fact that additional graduates were
recruited, the Department still stands in urgent need of men.
The necessity of appointing more touring assistant surgeons was
accordingly impressed upon those local bodies that needed them
6
most, but it is to be regretted that though these bodies were
willing to accept new posts, funds were ultimately not forth-
coming and the proposals were dropped. The area which each
touring assistant has yet to traverse is too large and must be
diminished to a suitable size in order that adequate help can be
given in outbreaks. Any money spent in this direction will be
profitably spent, and those districts boards which have not yet
bestowed matured consideration on this subject should think of
it now and take greater advantage of the concession offered by
Government.
EQUINE.
24. Glanders,—Two cases were detected in Deoghar of the
Santal Parganas district. The animals were destroyed after the
necessary tests.
25. Anthrax.—The disease broke out in a severe form in
February 1926, among the Escort horses of His Excellency the
Governor at Patna. It carried off five animals in quick succes-
sion. It was however controlled after all the animals had been
given injections of anti-anthrax serum. Suggestions relating to
the sanitation of the stables, supply of fodder and disposal of
carcases were given and these were accepted by the authority.
26. Surra.—The disease was reported in six districts, viz.,
Patna, Shahabad, Santal Parganas, Manbhum, Palamau and
Ranchi. Out of the eighteen cases, eleven occurred in the Central
Range and seven in Orissa ; fourteen horses died and four were
destroyed after the necessary tests.
27. Other contagious diseases.—Six deaths from tetanus
and one from rabies were reported.
28. Except one case of rabies in a horse at Muzaffarpur,
the North Bihar Range was free from contagious diseases
amongst the equines.
BOVINE.
29. Rinderpest.—Rinderpest
was prevalent in all districts
except Puri, the highest mortality being recorded in Gaya,
where 1,757 animals succumbed, while only one death was
recorded in Cuttack; Hazaribagh, Monghyr, Santal Parganas
and Ranchirecording 1,234,1,173,1,148 and 1,020 deaths respect-
ively, As remarked in a previous paragraph, the outbreaks
were not of a virulent type, nor very widespread, and therefore
they did not require special measures except in the sadr
subdivisions of Gaya and Ranchi dfstricts.
30. Altogether 27,359 cattle were affected in 1907 outbreaks
and of these 10,384 died, compared with 34,193 attacks and
7
13,473 deaths in 1924-25. 1,733 outbreaks were attended by
the staff.
31. The incidence of rinderpest in respect of each range was
as follows:—
Range.
North Bihar ... ...
Central ... ... ...
Orissa ... ... ...
Total ...
Outbreaks.
Reportod.
250
1,152
505
1,907
Attended.
243
1,091
399
1,733
Number
affected.
2,356
16,901
8,102
27,359
Number
died.
1,121
6,326
2,937
10,384
32. Foot and mouth disease.—Foot and mouth disease was
as wide-spread as in the previous year, and was very prevalent
in the Orissa Range. In that Range as many as 54,202 cattle
were affected in 1,964 outbreaks. In the Central Range the
districts that suffered most were Shahabad, Gaya and Palamau.
It had 1,013 outbreaks reported. The North Bihar Range was
affected least.
82,459 cattle were affected in 3,138 outbreaks and of these
501 died, compared with 78,725 attacks and 570 deaths in
1924-25.
33. Hæmorrhagic septicaemia.—This disease was reported
in all districts. It caused heavy mortalities in Patna, Cuttack
and Ranchi, while Singhbhum was practically free from the
infection. Out of 6,723 animals attacked in 1,296 outbreaks,
4,988 died, against 7,911 attacks and 5,915 deaths in 1924-25.
1,136 outbreaks were attended.
34 The North Bihar Range had 290 outbreaks reported in it
and out of 1,377 animals affected 1,012 died. In the Central and
Orissa Rances, the number of outbreaks reported was 474 and
532 respectively. In these, 1,996 cattle died in the former, and
1,980 in the latter Range, the number affected being 2,690 and
2,656, respectively.
35. Black quarter.—Black-quarter
was reported from six
districts, viz., Saran, Muzaffarpur, Darbhacga and (North) Bha-
galpur in North Bihar, and Cuttack and Ranchi in Orissa Range.
The Central Range was free from infection. 127 deaths were
recorded out of 155 cattle attacked in 42 outbreaks, compared
3
with 81 deaths and 97 attacks in 1924-25. 37 outbreaks were
attended. The diaease was diagnosed microscopically.
36. Anthrax,—No case was reported in North Bihar, while
4 cases occurred in Cuttack and Ranchi districts. In the Central
Range, the disease was reported in Patna, Gaya, Monghyr (South),
Bhagalpur (South), Santal Parganas and Hazaribagh. 25
outbreaks were brought to notice, and in them, out of 176
cattle affected, 125 died, compared with 140 attacks and 117
deaths in 1924-25. The disease was diagnosed microscopically.
37. Other contagious diseases.—150 deaths were recorded
under this head against 289 in the year 1924-25. In North
Bihar Range only 1 death was reported and that was due to
rabies. Six deaths from surra occurred in Orissa, while the
remaining 143 deaths took place in the Central Range. This
latter figure includes 3 deaths from bovine piroplasmosis.
Parasitic diarrhoea was not much in evidence during the year.
CANINE.
38. Babies.—93 deaths from rabies were reported against
64 in 1924-25. Of this number, 43 occurred in North Bihar,
24 in Central and 26 in Orissa Range. During the year,
a pamphlet on the disease, containing simple instructions for
the guidance of the public was printed and distributed through
the various local bodies in the province.
TABLE III.
PREVENTIVE
INOCULATION.
39. Preventive inoculation against the contagious diseases
was carried out with even greater energy than in the year
1924-25, and the most striking feature attending it is the fact
that though diseases were less prevalent in the province the
number actually protected by serum was greater, which shows
how much its value as a prophylactic agent was appreciated.
Some people, of course, in certain areas refused the necessary
help but that was not due so much to prejudices as to economic
reasons, e.g., reluctance to have it done during cultivation.
Villagers are, on the whole, convinced of: its efficacy in actual
epidemics, and it is mainly for this reason that the department
has been able to maintain the steady progress of which a note
was made in the previous year's annual report.
40. During the year 170,153 cattle were protected against
all contagious diseases, as compared with 160,257 in 1924-25