NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
( xiii )
Belgaum Collectorate.
5th. Belgaum Collectorate has 7 talookas, an area of about 5,000 square
miles, and a population of about 800,000. Mr. Grey,
the Collector, informed me that the Local Fund
Committees accepted my proposals, and there will be 8 rural Local Fund
vaccinators at a cost of Rs. 2,472 per annum, including 8 peons and the
contingencies. Several of the talookas are large and populous and could give
employment to 2 vaccinators each. The talookas of Belgaum and Uthnee
will have two, inasmuch as they have each a Municipal vaccinator. Chickordee
talooka is the most populous and will have two Local Fund vaccinators. If
a Municipal vaccinator could be appointed in any of the towns in Purusghur
talooka and another in any of the towns in Sumpgaum talooka, they would
find plenty of work as well as the talooka vaccinators, for these talookas con-
tain over 100,000 souls each. This Collectorate will have a Native Assistant
Superintendent, who may also occasionally see some of the Native States'
vaccinators who are within, or closely connected with, this Collectorate. But
I trust that eventually we will have Native Assistant Superintendents for
Native States.
Kulladghi Collectorate.
6th. Kulladghi Collectorate has 8 talookas, an area of 6,389 square miles
and a population of over 700,000. In my proposals to the Local Fund Com-
mittee I recommended that there should be 8 vaccinators, but the Committee
only granted Rs. 2,240; so I can only give 7 vaccinators, who with their peons,
&c. will cost Rs. 2,196 per annum. There are 3 Municipal vaccinators, 1 in
Kulladghi town, 1 in Bagulkote, and 1 in Beejapoor. These men work in the
villages surrounding the Municipal town which pays
each of them. I hope that next year the Local Fund
Committee will sanction another vaccinator so as to give one for each talooka.
There will be a Native Assistant Superintendent here to look after the 10
vaccinators. I went through this collectorate last cold season, and I must
say that vaccination was about as backward in it as in any part of our territory.
Kulladghi has been unfortunate, it has been changed from one Circle of
Superintendence to another several times, and has been, I fear, much neg-
lected. It now belongs to the Southern Circle and last cold season received
considerable attention from the Superintendent, Mr. Raby. I asked the
acting Collector, Mr. Monk Mason, to call the attention of Mamlutdars
to the necessity of giving their aid and countenance to the vaccinators,
and he very readily did so. After we get the new system into order,
Kulladghi will, I have no doubt, soon be as weH vaccinated as the other
Collectorates.
( xiv )
Dharwar Collectorate.
7 th. Dharwar Collectorate has 11 talookas, an area of nearly 5,000 square
miles, and a population of 860,000. Mr. E. P. Robert-
son entirely agreed with my proposals and added
that, if the Native Assistant Superintendents could also be travelling medical
men, with medicines to supply to the sick poor, much good might be done.
I think this suggestion well worth our best consideration, and if we could get
men from the Medical Subordinate Department to be active Native Assistant
Superintendents of Vaccination, I see no reason against their being so em-
ployed. There will be in this zillah 11 vaccinators and 11 peons at a cost of
Rs. 3,396 per annum, including all contingencies. The town of Hooblee
maintains a vaccinator, and the towns of Gudduck and Bettygherry jointly
maintain another from Municipal funds, and Dharwar has commenced to do
so too. The Native State of Savanoor has recently appointed a vaccinator.
There will be a Native Assistant Superintendent to look after these 15 vacci-
nators. Government will no longer pay anything for vaccinators in Dharwar
Collectorate.
Canara Collectorate.
8th. Canara Collectorate has 7 talookas, an area of 4,314 square miles
(estimate), and a population of 367,582. My pro-
posals were after some little correspondence accepted
by the Local Fund Committee. There will be 7 vaccinators with their peons
at a cost of Rs. 2,196 per annum, including contingencies and a Native Assist-
ant Superintendent. There are no Municipal vaccinators in this Collectorate
Rutnagherry Collectorate.
9th. Rutnagherry Collectorate has 8 talookas; the area is not exactly
known but may be estimated at 7,000 square miles,
and the population is about 700,000. My proposals
were accepted at once by the Local Fund Committee, and a grant of Rs. 3,588
given. There will be 11 vaccinators and 11 peons, costing Rs. 3,396 per
annum. There are no Municipal vaccinators in this Collectorate. There
will be a Native Assistant Superintendent for this zillah.
II. In the Northern Division.
Ahmedabad Collectorate.
10th. Ahmedabad Collectorate has 7 talookas, an area of 3,865 square
miles, and a population of about 700,000. The
Local Fund Committee accepted my proposals and
granted the sum asked for. There will be 7 vaccinators and 7 peons at
a cost of Rs. 2,196 per annum. There are also 2 Municipal vaccinators in
the City of Ahmedabad for its 150,000 people, there is one in Dholka, one
in Veerumgaum, and one in Dhundooka. There will be a Native Assistant
Superintendent to look after these 12 vaccinators.
( xv )
Kaira Collectorate.
11th. Kaira Collectorate has 6 talookas, an area of 1,729 square miles,
and a population of nearly 700,000, or about 400
to the square mile. This is the most populous
Collectorate in the Bombay Presidency. I regret to say that Mr. Elliot
informed me that the Local Fund Committee would not give anything
towards vaccination, so I recommended that 8 vaccinators should be kept
up out of the Imperial grant. The town of Neriad has appointed a Municipal
Vaccinator. There will be no Native Assistant Superintendent for this
zillah, because no Imperial money has been set free from which to pay him. *
Broach Collectorate.
12th. Broach Collectorate has 5 talookas, an area of about 1,600 square
miles, and a population of about 300,000. I recom-
mended that 4 vaccinators should be provided for.
The Committee at first only granted Rs. 732, but I think the grant has since
been raised to Rs. 1,464. At the time I submitted my scheme I was only cer-
tain of the smaller sum, and so recommended that 2 vaccinators and 2 peons
be paid by Local Funds and 2 from the Imperial grant at a total cost of
Rs. 1,224 per annum. If sufficient have been provided to pay all the
vaccinators from Local Funds then Broach Collectorate should have a Native
Assistant Superintendent. The town of Broach has entertained a Municipal
vaccinator.
Surat Collectorate.
13th. Surat Collectorate has 8 talookas, an area of about 1,600 square
miles, and a population of about 460,000. The
Local Fund Committee have declined to give any
thing to vaccination, so I recommended that 8 Government vaccinators
should be continued there, at a cost of Rs. 2,472 per annum. There cannot
be a Native Assistant Superintendent appointed for this zillah until the
Local Fund Committee pay for their vaccinators. There are no Municipal
vaccinators in this zillah. I look forward to Mr. Hope, the Collector, soon
being able to give me a contribution both from Local and Municipal
Funds.
Khandeish Collectorate.
14th. Khandeish Collectorate has 16 talookas, an area of about 10,000
square miles, and a population of about 800,000.
Mr. Ashburner, the Collector, approved of my pro-
posals, but when he came to make up his Local Fund budget for 1871-72 he
could not spare me more than Rs. 3,000. There will be 10 vaccinators and
* Since this was written and sent to the press I am happy to say that I have been informed
by Mr. Sheppard, Acting Collector of Kaira, that the Local Fund Committee have consented to
pay for their vaccinators, and have granted Rs. 2,664 : so this Collectorate will now be entitled to
a Native Assistant Superintendent.
( xvi )
10 peons paid by Local Funds at a cost of Rs. 2,952, and I recommended
that six should be paid from the Imperial grant at a cost of about Rs. 1,968
per annum; and in consideration of the Local Fund grant being liberal, I also
recommended that Khandeish should have a Native Assistant Superintendent.
During the past year there were 6 Local Fund vaccinators employed in
Khandeish. There is 1 Municipal vaccinator in Dhoolia, making 17 in all.
Nassick Collectorate.
15th. Nassick Collectorate has 10 talookas, an area ofabout 10,000 square
miles, and a population of about 600,000. I pro-
posed that there should be 10 vaccinators paid
from Local Funds, but I only got a grant of Rs. 1,500, which will be
expended on 5 vaccinators and 5 peons with their contingencies. To give
one to each talooka I recommended that 5 vaccinators be provided by
Government at an equal cost of Rs. 1,500. As Government would thus pay
the same for vaccinators as the Local Funds there could be no Native Assist-
ant Superintendent appointed. The town of Nassick maintains a Municipal
vaccinator. I deeply regret that we cannot have a Native Assistant Superin-
tendent in this large zillah, and I trust that next year the grant will be suffi-
cient to enable us to pay for a vaccinator for each talooka and then a Native
Assistant Superintendent will be appointed and paid from the Imperial grant.
Tanna Collectorate.
16th. Tanna Collectorate has 11 talookas, an area of about 4,100 square
miles, and a population of about 600,000. My pro-
posals were accepted, and 11 vaccinators and 11
peons provided for, at a cost of Rs. 3,396 per annum. 4 Local Fund vac-
cinators were provided for in 1870-71, and 3 were at work. The town of
Tanna maintains a Municipal vaccinator, and the towns of Panwell and Oorun
maintain 1 conjointly. There is also a vaccinator in the Native State of Johar.
There will be a Native Assistant Superintendent in this zillah to look after
these 14 vaccinators.
Colaba Collectorate.
17 th. Colaba Collectorate has 5 talookas, an area of about 1,360 square
miles, and a population of 276,000. The Local Fund
Committee has granted sufficient to pay for all their
vaccinators, and in my letter No. 821, dated 8th February last, I recommended
that there be 5 vaccinators and 5 peons at a cost of Rs. 1,596 per annum.
Dr. Blanc, the Superintendent of the Western Circle, has recommended that
there be 2 vaccinators appointed in the Native State of Jinjeera, and he thinks
that Mr. Duff's influence will be able to get them appointed. There arc no
Municipal vaccinators in this Zillah. As Colaba Collectorate has taken over
all the charges on account of vaccinators, there will be a Native Assistant
( xvii )
Superintendent, who may be able to take charge of one talooka in Rutna-
gherry and one in Tanna, and thus equalize somewhat the number of vacci-
nators to be supervised by the Native Assistant Superintendent in each of
these three zillahs.
Panch Mahals.
18th. Panch Mahals has 5 talookas, an area of about 1,600 square miles,
and a population of about 170,000. My proposal
to the Local Fund Committee was accepted, and there
will be 5 vaccinators and 5 peons at a cost of Rs. 1,596 per annum. There
are no Municipal vaccinators in this district, nor do I think any are required.
There are 10 Native States' vaccinators in the Rewa Kanta, which with the
Panch Mahals constitute the Rewa Kanta Circle. There will be one Native
Assistant Superintendent, who will be able to look occasionally over the men
in the Rewa Kanta as well as in the Mahals. The Superintendent of the Rewa
Kanta Circle can only travel 4 months in the year,—as he is Medical Officer
of the Guzerat Bheel Corps and in charge of the Dohud Jail, so a Native
Assistant Superintendent was very necessary here.
III.
In The Province of Sind.
Province of Sind.
Very exact figures regarding the areas and population in Sind are not
obtainable, but roughly speaking there are about
63,000 square miles, including Khierpore territory,
and probably about 2,500,000 of a population. Many parts of Sind are desert
and very thinly populated. As I was over five years Superintendent of
Vaccination in Sind, I was able from personal knowledge to form an opinion
as to the number of vaccinators required for the province. The following
shows what has been sanctioned for each Collectorate or district.
Kurrachee Collectorate.
19th. Kurrachee Collectorate has provided for 9 vaccinators with their
peons at a cost of Rs. 2,580, and Rs. 1,006 to pay
for the carriage of lymph-children and to pay the
parents of them for the time they lose while with the vaccinators, and to pay
travelling batta to the 9 vaccinators at the rate of 3 annas each per diem
while in the districts. The total grant is Rs. 3,778 per annum, but the
expenditure will not exceed Rs. 3,586. The distances to be covered are
great, and the vaccinators almost invariably keep a pony. The towns of
Kurrachee and Kotree each keep a Municipal vaccinator. There will be a
Native Assistant Superintendent to supervise these 1.1 vaccinators.
Hydrabad Collectorate.
20th. Hydrabad Collectorate has provided Rs. 3,576 for the pay of
12 vaccinators and 12 peons, Rs. 288 to pay
parents of children taken from their own to other
iii vac
( xviii )
villages for vaccine purposes, and Rs. 480 to cover the office expenses of
the Superintendent in connection with the supply of paper, books, &c., to
the 12 vaccinators. The total expenditure will not exceed the grant of Rs.
4,344 per annum. Hydrabad town now maintains a Municipal vaccinator.
There will be a Native Assistant Superintendent in this zillah to supervise
these men.
Shikarpoor Collectorate.
21st. Shikarpoor Collectorate has contributed the most liberally of all
the Collectorates, and this is due in a great measure
to its Local Funds being rich, and to Major R. R.
Wallace, the acting Collector (who has been many years connected with Upper
Sind) taking a great interest in vaccination. He remembers the day when
small-pox was a terror in the province, and is alive to the benefits that vacci-
nation has conferred on the Sindhis. Rs. 3,684 has been provided for 13
vaccinators and 13 peons' pay, Rs. 312 to pay parents of lymph-children
taken from their own to other villages ; Rs. 870 to pay batta at the rate of
3 annas per diem to the vaccinators when on duty in the districts, and Rs. 480
for office allowance to the Superintendent, similar to the grant in Hydrabad.
The total grant for the year is Rs. 5,538 but only Rs. 5,346 will be required.
The town of Shikarpoor now keeps its own Municipal vaccinator. There will
be a Native Assistant Superintendent in this zillah.
Thurr and Parkur District.
22nd. Thurr and Parkur District can only contribute Rs. 400 per an-
num, out of which 1 vaccinator and 1 peon with the
vaccinator's contingencies will be paid at a cost of
Rs. 396 per annum, and it was recommended that other 5 vaccinators and 5
peons should be paid from the Imperial grant at a cost of Rs. 1,356. This is
a very poor district, but Major Tyrwhitt, the Political Superintendent, pro-
mises to give a greater contribution as soon as he can afford it. There ought
to be a Native Assistant Superintendent in this district as soon as there is a
vaccinator for each talooka.
Frontier Upper Sind Dis-
trict.
23rd. Frontier Upper Sind District contains 3 talookas. The Local
Funds are too poor to give any contribution, so 3
vaccinators and their peons to be paid from the
Imperial grant at a cost of Rs. 804 per annum were included in my scheme.
Rajkote and Deesa Can-
tonments.
24th. Two vaccinators and 2 peons will be entertained for the camp and
surrounding villages of Rajkote and Deesa, and paid
from Imperial Funds. I doubt if there be much
need for the man in Rajkote, but Government wished me to provide for the
vaccination in camp, so I was obliged to keep one man there, and perhaps
( xix )
it is as well not to depend on a Native State's vaccinator for the protection
of Rajkote Camp.
Presidency Circle's Es-
tablishment taken over by
the Bombay Municipality.
25th. The whole six Vaccinators of the Presidency Circle (Island of
Bombay) were taken over by the Bombay Munici-
pality on the 1st December last, and their number
has been increased to 11. The cost to the Muni-
cipality will be Rs. 6,834 per annum. This includes
Rs. 1,350 for animal vaccination and Rs. 420 for stationery and printing.
The objects of Govern-
ment in this scheme.
13. In my proposals to Local Fund Committees and to Government I
have kept steadily in view the wishes of Government,
which are—
1 st.—That each talooka should have a vaccinator :
2nd.—That the rural or talooka vaccinator should be paid from Local
Funds.
3rd. That the Imperial money which at present goes to pay rural vacci-
nators being set free should be used to pay a Native Assistant
Superintendent in each Collectorate.
Each talooka provided
with a Vaccinator.
14. In my scheme nearly every talooka was provided with a vaccinator ;
the few exceptions are chiefly in Sind, where the
population of a few talookas is too sparse to give
continuous occupation to a vaccinator.
Pay and Grades of Na-
tive Assistant Superinten-
dent.
15. From the Imperial money set free I proposed to have 5 first
class Native Assistant Superintendents on a pay of
Rs. 130 each per mensem, 5 second class on a pay
of Rs. 100 each per mensem, and 8 third class on a
pay of Rs. 75. This is only 18 Native Assistant
Superintendents, but when all the Collectorates and districts pay for their
own vaccinators 7 or 8 more will be required. I recommended that 25 per
cent. of the above pay be reckoned as consolidated travelling allowance; and
that 3 years' service in each of the two lower grades be required before a
Native Assistant Superintendent can become eligible for promotion to the
two higher.
Pay of Local Fund Vac-
cinators and Peons.
16. In most of the Collectorates the rate of pay, per mensem, of the
Local Fund Vaccinators has been fixed at Rs. 24, 18,
and 14—one on the former and half of the remainder
on 18, and the other half on 14. The vaccinators'
peons will be paid Rs. 7 per mensem all round. Each vaccinator has been
( xx )
allowed Rs. 2 per mensem to buy paper, &c., and pay the parents of vacci n
fers for their loss of time ; and each will render a monthly account of contin-
gent expenditure.
17. In their Resolution No. 1203, dated 9th May 1871, Government has
approved of the foregoing scheme with the following exceptions :—
Para. 4. "In Kaira and Surat the rural vaccinators should
be withdrawn, until the Local Fund Committees in those districts shall
be willing to provide for their maintenance, and no cost should be in-
curred in these districts on this account on the part of Government. In
Ahmednuggur, Kulladghee, Broach, Khandeish, and Nassick the num-
ber of rural vaccinators should be limited to the number which can be
supported from the local funds of those districts.
" 5. In the Frontier of Upper Sind and the Thurr and Parkur Dis-
trict of Sind the same strict enforcement of local responsibility is not expe-
dient, but in those districts the full complement of rural vaccinators should
not be kept up till they can be paid for from local funds, and two vac-
cinators (one on Rs. 18, one on 14,) should alone be maintained by Go-
vernment in Thurr and Parkur district, and one on Rs. 18, in Frontier
Upper Sind District.
" 6. A Native Assistant Superintendent should not be retained
for Khandeish until the Local Fund Committee of that District shall
provide for the maintenance of the full complement of rural vaccina-
tors."
If Native Assistant Su-
perintendents answer well,
two Circles of Superinten-
dence may be reduced.
18. There are at present 8 Circles of Superintendence. If the Native
Assistant Superintendents be found to answer as
well as I expect, then I think our Circles could be
reduced to six. The Rewa Kanta Circles might be
thrown into the Northern Circle, and even then it
would not be as large as the Central Circle. The Western Circle might also
be reduced ; it consists of the Collectorates of Rutnagherry, Colaba and
Tanna, and of the Native States of Sawunt Warree, Jowar and Jinjeera.
Rutnagherry and Sawunt Warree might be given to the Southern Circle, and
Colaba, Tanna and Jinjeera to the Presidency Circle, and Jowar to the North-
ern Circle. But I would strongly recommend that we should have at least
2 years, if not 3 years' experience of the Native Assistant Superintendents
before making these changes, because it is easy to make dashing reductions,
but not so easy to return back if our project fail.
( xxi )
The systems of Vaccina-
tion in Oudh, the North
Western Provinces, Bengal,
and Madras.
19. Before submitting my scheme to Government it was deemed
advisable that I should visit Bengal and Madras
Presidencies, and see how the systems of Vaccina-
tion worked there. I did so in the last rainy season,
the season in which I could best get away. I regret
to say I was unable to meet any of the Superintendents of the North Western
Provinces, as they were in the Hills. In Oudh I saw Dr. Cameron, who was
Acting Superintendent of Vaccination and Sanitary Commissioner, he very
courteously gave me all the information in his power. In Oudh vaccination
has, as yet, been almost confined to Lucknow and its environs. There is a
Sub-Assistant Surgeon employed as Deputy Superintendent, 2 Native
Superintendents and 25 vaccinators. Vaccination in Oudh is still in its
infancy; the method and system may be good, but it never has been pushed.
I saw Dr. Christison, the Civil Surgeon of Agra, who very kindly gave me
some information about the method in vogue in the North Western Pro-
vinces. I met here one of the Native Superintendents, who had charge of 9
tehsil vaccinators and 3 Municipal vaccinators in Agra; he appears to do the
duty I wish our Native Assistant Superintendents to do. The fact is the
North Western Provinces adopted the Bombay system and improved on it
by appointing Native Superintendents, and we will now adopt their improve-
ment. The system in Calcutta and its suburbs is something similar to that
in the North Western Provinces. Dr. Charles, the Superintendent General,
has divided Calcutta into 3 divisions, in each of which there is a Sub-
Assistant Surgeon, and in each of these divisions there are two gangs of
vaccinators each working under a head vaccinator, who is virtually Native
Assistant Superintendent of the gang, and the 3 Sub-Assistant Surgeons
are similar to our Circle Superintendents, who are mostly on this side Com-
missioned Medical Officers, but the Sub-Assistant Surgeons in Calcutta have
a much smaller area and fewer vaccinators to look after than our Superin-
tendents. The system of working in gangs is a most excellent one where
the population is dense, and in Bombay City we have begun to practise it,
as well as continuing our vaccine stations where vaccination is practised on
fixed mornings. There are 3 Metropolitan Circles in the neighbourhood of
Calcutta under the Superintendence of Surgeon Powell. These Circles were
created by Dr. Charles on the Calcutta model, and it was only recently that
Surgeon Powell was appointed to be Superintendent of them. Each-Metropo-
litan Circle has a Sub-Assistant Surgeon as Superintendent, 3 Head Vaccina-
tors who are really Native Assistant Superintendents, each of whom has a gang
of 6 or 7 vaccinators working with him. There are in all 53 vaccinators for