NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
vii
Comparative Statement No. IV.—Showing the number of persons primarily vaccinated and the number of those persons who were successfully vaccinated in the Punjab
in each of the undermentioned official years.
ESTABLISHMENT.
Government
...
...
...
...
Municipal
...
...
...
...
Local (District) Funds
...
...
Native States ... ... ... ...
Dispensaries ...
...
...
...
Army.
European ... ... ... ...
Native ... ... ... ... ...
Total
...
...
PERSONS PRIMARILY VACCINATED.
Average
total
number.
Average number
successfully vac-
cinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success¬
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number
success¬
fully
vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success¬
fully vaccinated.
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated
Total number.
Number success-
fully vaccinated.
YEAR ENDING 31ST MARCH.
1867 to 1893.
164,935
259,513
3,260
27,662
...
...
455,370
156,847
244,527
2,538
21,397
...
...
425,309
1894.
58,963
525,127
...
1,072
...
...
585,162
56,100
494,727
...
994
...
...
551,821
1895.
68,578
597,921
...
1,083
...
...
657,582
54,765
560,684
...
1,007
...
...
616,456
1896.
61,708
629,754
...
2,282
...
...
693,744
55,718
587,997
...
2,131
...
...
645,846
1897.
67,780
601,561
...
3,737
......
...
673,078
58,919
565,169
...
3,330
...
...
627,418
1898.
72,031
558,502
...
1,241
...
...
631,774
63,911
531,481
...
999
...
...
596,391
1899.
62,196
598,853
...
888
...
...
661,937
55,158
571,837
...
760
...
...
627,755
1900.
75,273
669,300
...
344
...
...
744,917
65,039
640,014
...
229
...
...
705,282
1901.
67,424
560,112
...
218
...
...
627,754
57,801
534,820
...
203
...
...
592,824
1902.
55,557
455,428
...
136
...
...
511,121
45,496
434,426
...
111
...
...
480,033
1903.
31,086
551,430
...
110
...
...
582,626
26,730
528,767
...
109
...
...
555,606
1904.
43,132
561,053
...
19
...
...
604,204
39,107
542,095
...
19
...
...
581,221
NOTE.—The figures from 1867 to 1901 are taken from the Annual Vaccination Reports of the Province as constituted during that period.
ix
APPENDIX A.
Statistics relating to the number of children under one year of age in towns available for vacci-
nation and the number of successful operations performed on them during the year 1903-04.
Towns
1
HISSAR DISTRICT.
Hissár
...
...
...
...
...
Hánsi
... ... ... ... ...
Bhiwáni ... ... ... ... ...
Sirsa
...
...
...
...
...
Fatehabad
...
...
...
...
...
ROHTAK DISTRICT.
Rohtak
...
...
...
...
...
Jhajjar
...
...
...
...
...
Beri
...
...
... ... ...
Gohána
... ... ... ... ...
Bahádurgarh
...
...
...
...
GURGAON DISTRICT.
Rewári
...
...
... ... ...
Palwal ... ... ... ... ...
Farrukhnagar
...
...
...
...
Fírozpur
...
...
...
...
...
Sohna
... ... ... ... ...
Hodal
...
...
...
...
...
DELHI DISTRICT.
Delhi
...
...
...
...
...
Sonepat
...
...
...
...
...
Balabgarh
Farídabad
...
...
...
...
...
KARNAL DISTRICT.
Karnál
...
...
...
...
...
Kaithal
...
...
...
...
...
Pánipat
...
...
...
...
...
Ládwa
...
...
...
...
...
Shahabad
...
...
...
...
...
Thánesar ... ... ... ... ...
UMBALLA DISTRICT.
Umballa
...
...
...
...
...
Jagádhri ... ... ... ... ...
Burya
...
...
...
...
...
Sádhaura
...
...
...
...
...
Rúpar
...
...
...
...
...
Number of births daring the
year.
2
539
671
1,118
464
81
715
485
362
272
267
677
528
311
295
231
368
8,155
537
197
167
715
525
1,140
135
302
114
933
488
230
368
290
Number of deaths amongst chil-
dren under one year during the
year.
3
154
204
449
158
28
206
175
98
62
64
223
169
77
104
58
105
2,372
167
41
50
100
219
160
40
39
23
244
169
69
147
83
Number available for vaccination
after deducting the number
who have died as shown in
column 3.
4
385
467
669
306
53
509
310
264
210
203
454
359
234
191
173
263
5,783
370
156
117
615
306
980
95
263
91
689
319
161
221
207
Number of successful vaccination
on children under one year
during the year ending March
1904.
5
175
298
143
266
17
219
105
...
77
104
189
228
151
146
51
173
3,327
349
105
108
495
...
731
61
...
47
727
129
85
285
177
Date of extension of Vaccination
Act to town.
6
Act is not in force.
22nd July 1890.
Act is not in force.
31st July 1893. Not started on
account of plague.
Act is not in force.
Ditto.
19th September 1896.
24th January 1901.
Act is not in force.
Not started on account of plague.
Act is not in force.
Not started on account of plague.
1st October 1895.
Act is not in force.
January 1901.
x
APPENDIX A—continued.
Towns.
1
SIMLA DISTRICT.
Simla
...
...
...
...
...
KANGRA DISTRICT.
Kángra ... ... ... ... ...
Dharmsála ...
...
...
...
...
Núrpur ... ... ... ... ...
HOSHIARPUR DISTRICT.
Hoshiárpur
... ... ... ...
Khánpur ... ... ... ... ...
Hariána
...
... ... ... ...
Garhdiwála
...
...
...
...
Dasúya
... ... ... ... ...
Tánda Urmar
... ... ... ...
Mukerián ... ... ... ... ...
Miáni
...
...
... ... ...
Una
...
...
...
...
...
Anandpur ...
... ... ... ...
JULLUNDUR DISTRICT.
Jullundur ...
... ... ... ...
Aláwalpur ... ... ... ... ...
Kartárpur ...
...
... ... ...
Bunga
...
...
...
... ...
Ráhon
...
...
...
...
...
Nawashahr...
...
... ... ...
Phillour ... ... ... ... ...
Núrmahal ...
...
... ... ...
Nakodar
...
...
... ... ...
LUDHIANA DISTRICT.
Ludhiána ...
...
...
...
...
Jagráon
...
...
...
...
...
Raikot
...
...
... ... ...
Khanna
... ... ... ... ...
Máchiwára ... ... ... ... ...
Number of births during the
year.
2
388
154
73
183
729
135
246
138
292
381
132
226
169
123
2,416
201
521
192
264
235
223
356
314
1,659
777
407
149
148
Number of deaths amongst chil¬
dren under one year during the
year.
3
121
64
29
56
383
82
174
59
225
255
64
140
83
78
672
49
114
76
92
49
70
95
67
326
250
136
54
57
Number available for vaccination
after deducting the number
who have died as shown in
column 3.
4
267
90
44
127
346
52
72
79
67
126
68
86
86
45
1,744
152
407
116
172
186
153
261
247
1,333
527
271
95
91
Number of successful vaccination
on children under one year
during the year ending March
1904.
5
*565
55
23
...
336
53
72
79
67
126
68
86
86
45
1,377
†
123
111
84
124
89
102
168
261
712
138
50
50
Date of extension of Vaccination
Act to town.
6
7th August 1889.
*Difference due to vaccination of
children brought into Simla.
Act is not in force.
11th November 1893.
Act is not in force.
Act is not in force.
9th July 1894.
†Plague was extremely severe a
this town and the people beg¬
ged that vaccination might not
be performed.
Act is not in force.
Ditto.
xi
APPENDIX A—continued.
Towns.
1
FEROZEPORE DISTRICT.
Ferozepore
...
...
...
...
Zíra
...
...
...
...
...
Makhu
...
...
...
...
...
Dharmkot ...
... ... ... ...
Muktsar ... ... ... ... ...
Fázilka
...
...
...
...
...
MONTGOMERY DISTRICT.
Montgomery ... ... ... ...
Kamália
... ... ... ... ...
Pákpattan ... ... ... ... ...
LAHORE DISTRICT.
Lahore
...
...
...
...
...
Sharakpnr ... ... ... ... ...
Chúnián
... ... ... ... ... ...
Khudián ... ... ... ... ...
Kasúr
...
...
...
...
...
Khem Karn
...
...
...
...
...
Patti
...
...
...
...
...
AMRITSAR DISTRICT.
Amritsar
...
...
...
...
...
Majítha ... ... ... ... ...
Jandiála ... ... ... ... ...
Tarn Táran
...
...
...
...
GURDASPUR DISTRICT.
Gurdáspur
...
...
...
...
...
Dínanagar
...
...
...
...
...
Kalanaur ... ... ... ... ...
Pathánkot
...
...
...
...
...
Sujánpur
...
...
...
...
...
Dalhousie
...
...
...
...
...
Batála
...
...
...
...
...
Srígobindpur
...
...
...
...
Dera Nának...
...
...
...
...
N umber of births during the
year.
2
676
136
53
271
303
176
130
397
208
6,997
217
460
154
939
268
271
6,095
258
253
118
188
207
217
233
175
26
1,319
72
215
Number of deaths amongst
children under one year during
the year.
3
213
64
21
83
119
37
24
87
73
2,465
44
202
87
291
186
189
1,704
70
77
52
77
88
63
72
33
8
206
36
63
Nu mb e r a v a i l a b l e f or vaccination
after deducting the number
who have di ed as shown in
column 3.
4
463
72
32
188
184
139
106
310
135
Number of successful vaccina¬
t i on on children under one
year during the year ending
March 1904.
5
312
63
17
114
109
94
100
208
172
4,532
173
258
67
648
82
82
4,391
188
176
66
111
119
154
161
142
18
1,113
36
152
4,095
151
258
66
558
45
50
4,702
62
178
44
72
37
100
145
101
13
586
29
85
Date of extension of Vaccination
Act to town
6
Act is not in force.
Ditto.
10th August 1894.
Act is not in force.
29th March 1887.
Act is not in force.
Ditto.
xii
APPENDIX A—continued.
Towns.
1
SIALKOT DISTRICT.
Siálkot
...
...
...
...
...
Daska
...
...
...
...
...
Jámki ... ... ... ... ...
Kila Sobha Singh
...
...
...
...
Pasrúr
...
...
...
...
...
Zaffarwál ... ... ... ... ...
Nárowál ... ... ... ... ...
GUJRANWALA DISTRICT.
Gujránwála ... ... ... ... ...
Wazírabad ...
...
...
...
...
...
Eminabad ... ... ... ... ...
Kila Didár Singh ... ... ... ...
Akálgarh ...
...
...
...
...
Rámnagar ...
...
...
...
...
Sohdara
...
...
...
...
...
Háfiazabad ...
...
...
...
...
Khángah Dográn
...
...
...
...
Pindi Bhattián
...
...
...
...
Sángla
...
...
...
...
...
GUJRAT DISTRICT.
Gujrát
...
...
...
...
...
Jalálpur ... ... ... ... ...
Kunjah
...
...
...
...
...
Dinga
...
... ... ... ...
SHAHPUR DISTRICT.
Shahpur ...
...
...
... ...
Sáhiwál
...
...
...
...
...
Bhera
...
...
...
...
...
Miáni ... ... ... ... ...
Khnaháb
...
...
...
...
...
JHELUM DISTRICT.
Jhelum ... ... ... ... ...
Pind Dádan Khan
...
...
...
...
Number of births during the
year.
2
2,084
222
189
178
276
168
225
884
672
211
107
175
248
313
199
46
174
65
883
517
288
230
203
539
922
302
214
351
429
Number of deaths amongst
children under one year during
the year.
3
662
30
52
52
50
46
44
209
132
55
24
28
80
69
48
10
52
21
200
95
35
58
70
227
321
87
30
105
229
Number available for vaccination
after deducting the number
who have died as shown in
column 3.
4
1,422
192
137
126
226
122
181
675
540
156
83
147
168
244
151
36
122
44
683
422
253
172
131
312
601
215
184
246
200
Number of successful vaccina-
tion on children under one
year during the year ending
March 1904.
5
1,187
92
111
70
169
89
126
640
274
34
41
69
111
98
51
25
62
22
621
333
139
151
68
254
317
156
141
244
195
Date of extension of Vaccination
Act to town.
6
Act is not in force.
13th October 1899.
Act is not in force.
6th June 1901.
Act is not in force.
Ditto.
25th April 1897.
5th July 1897.
xiii
APPENDIX A—concluded.
Towns.
1
RAWAPINDI DISTRICT.
Rawalpindi
...
...
...
...
Murree
...
...
...
...
...
Pindi Gheb
...
...
...
...
Hazro
...
...
...
...
...
MIANWALI DISTRICT.
Leiah
...
...
...
...
...
Karor
...
...
... ... ...
Bhakkar ...
...
...
...
...
Isa Khel ... ... ... ... ...
Kalabag
...
...
...
...
...
JHANG DISTRICT.
Jhang
...
...
... ... ...
Maghiána ...
...
Chiníot
...
...
...
...
...
Lyallpur
...
...
...
...
...
MOOLTAN DISTRICT.
Mooltan ... ... ... ... ...
Kahrar ... ... ... ... ...
Shujabad
...
...
...
...
...
Jalálpur
...
...
...
...
...
Tulamba
...
...
...
...
...
Duniapnr ... ... ... ... ...
MUZAFFARGARH DISTRICT.
Muzaffargarh ... ... ... ...
Khangarh
...
...
...
...
...
Alipur ... ... ... ... ...
Khairpur ... ... ... ... ...
DERA GHAZI KHAN DISTRICT.
Dera Ghazi Khan... ... ... ...
Jámpur
...
...
...
...
...
Dájal
...
...
...
...
...
Rájanpur ...
...
...
...
...
Kot Mithan
...
...
...
...
...
Number of births during the
year.
2
1,297
70
348
413
305
144
88
318
312
474
758
816
228
3,070
195
234
254
144
114
158
157
129
404
593
263
215
164
125
Number of deaths amongst
children under one year during
the year.
3
428
21
75
118
63
58
56
56
76
146
223
202
77
936
54
62
70
65
38
60
70
63
31
203
83
96
45
16
Number available for vaccination
after deducting the number
who have died as shown of
column 3.
4
869
49
273
295
242
86
132
262
236
328
535
614
151
2,134
141
172
134
79
76
98
87
66
73
390
180
149
119
109
Number of successful vaccina-
tion on children under one
year during the year ending
March 1904.
5
764
79
172
227
31
126
50
128
316
251
319
253
41
1,213
140
151
94
59
76
59
84
46
60
336
146
227
90
95
Date of extension of Vaccination
Act to town.
6
10th August 1896.
14th December 1894.
Act is not in force.
January 1899.
Act is not in force.
October 1898.
Act is not in force.
20th March 1894.
Act is not in force.
18th January 1897.
Act is not in force.
Ditto
9th May 1896.
Act is not in force.
the year 1902-03, the average rate of mortality from Small-pox per 10,000 of population for the five years ending 1901-02 and the proportion of successful Vaccinations
during the year 1902-03 and the preceding six years in each District of the Punjab.
REPORT
ON
ENTERIC FEVER.
2
7. All sanitary experience goes to prove that the pollution of buildings,
earth, air or water is among all communities the most active source of disease,
and there is accumulative evidence to show the danger of dampness in and
around inhabited buildings, of foul dampness in the subsoil, of impure water
and food, of air blowing over a foul population group, &c. In short, wherever
we find these or similar infractions of well established sanitary principles we
may predicate that as certainly as day follows night there will be disease and death.
The surest preventives of disease in the Army as one of our greatest sanitary
authorities has recently said " are to remove healthy troops from affected loca-
lities and to put the earth, air, water and buildings into a healthy state."
Money,.and much of it, will be required for this purpose, but until such action is
taken, year after year regiments will suffer from preventible sickness; and there
will be annually a large expenditure for the maintenance of sick, as well as of
healthy soldiers. Would it not be cheaper in the long run, wiser and more
humane, to lay out money in the first instance so as to render our small army as
healthy as possible, and to reduce the number of men constantly sick to some
much smaller ratio than at present obtains ?
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient Servant,
T. G. HEWLETT, Deputy Surgeon General,
Sanitary Commissioner.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Dr.' Aitken's definition of Enteric Fever
The nature of morbific contagia
The theory of contagium virum. — Dr. Burdon Sanderson,
The germ theory
Do.
Acute specific diseases are all contagious. — Sir W. Jenner
Beale's description of contagium
Presence of bacteria in the blood
Their significance
Enteric Fever not contagious in the sense that Small-pox is
The usual modes of its propagation
Dr. Murchison's views
The pythogenic theory
Dr. Richardson's views
Dr. Harley's
do.
Association between .Remittent and Enteric Fevers
Dr. Austin Flint's views
Typho-malarial Fever
Enteric Fever has always existed in India ...
First described by Dr. Scriven ...
Dr. Bryden's views ...
Sir Joseph Fayrer's
do.
Brigade Surgeon Marston's
do.
PAGE
1
ib.
ib.
ib.
2
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
3
ib.
ib.
ib.
4
ib.
ib.
5
ib.
ib.
ib.
6
7
CHAPTER II.
Table I. — Distribution according to age of the aggregate strength
of the European Army in Bombay during 10 years, 1872 to 1881 ...
Causes of deaths and death-rate during the 10 years
Precentage to strength of each age period ...
Youog age the first predisposing cause of Enteric Fever
Recent arrival in the country the second
Table II. — Showing deaths from Enteric Fever classified by age and
length of Indian service
Table III. — Monthly distribution of admissions and deaths
Table IV. — Admissions by stations and months
Table V. — Admissions among women and children
8
ib.
9
10
ib.
ib.
11
12
ib.
CHAPTER III.
The exciting causes of Enteric Fever necessitate a consideration of all
the sanitary conditions affecting the soldier
Climate...
...
...
...
...
...
Barometric pressure...
Temperature of the Presidency ...
Rain-fall of the Presidency
Humidity
Effects of climate ...
Age of the soldier ...
...
Duties ...
Habits ...
Ratio of abstainers, cases of drunkenness, crime and court-martial
and venereal diseases in each arm
13
ib.
13
16
17
ib.
18
ib.
20
21
22
B 357—b
ii
CONTENTS.
Water-supply at Stations—
Karáchi
Hyderabad
Bombay
Baroda
Ahmedabad
Deesa
Mount Abu
Tárágarh
Nasirabad
Neemuch
Indore
Hhow
Asirgarh
Devláli
Ahmednagar
Poona
Kirkee
Purandhar
Sátára
Kolhápur
Belgaum
Water rendered impure by use of the Bhisti's musuck ...
Efficiency of the Macnamara filter
Impure water in prostitutes' houses, Sadar Bázárs, and native villages.
Food—
Insufficiency of ration allowed to soldier ...
Letter from Staff Surgeon Ridout, R. N., giving the scale of ration
allowed to men in the Royal Navy
Report by Surgeon Milne, Acting Chemical Analyser to Government,
contrasting the Naval and soldier's ration
Recommendation regarding increase of soldier's ration and changing
the hours of meals
Presence of a scorbutic taint found in all stations
Extra allowance of green vegetables recommended ...
More strigent orders required regarding the keeping of swine in
Cantonments
Epidemics of so-called Typhoid Fever in former days sometimes due
to the propagation of Trichinæ
An outbreak supposed to be Enteric Fever on board the Reformatory
Ship Cornwall ...
On investigation found to be due to the presence of a Flesh-worm
belonging to the genus Pelodera not before known to invade the
human body
Dr. Bastian's remarks
Milk supplied to barracks and patcherries ...
Slaughter-houses
Bakeries
Barracks
Standard plan applicable to all stations condemned
Sites of barracks
Nuisances beyond limits of the Cantonment.,.
Marshy or sub-marshy ground ...
...
Construction of barracks
Leaky roofs and drift rain
Ground damp
Royal Sanitary Commission's recommendation not acted upon
Necessity for gutters round eaves and impervious shallow drains to
carry off roof water
No under-drain age in stations ...
...
...
...
Ventilation in barracks excessive during the Monsoon ...
Wastage water — disposal of
...
Latrines —
Insufficient ventilation in . ...
...
.„.
Impossibility of keeping pans clean in
Use of dry earth not habitual ...
Danger of iron tubs in which night-soil is carried away
Night-soil, disposal of
...
PAGE.
24
26
ib.
ib.
ib.
28
ib.
30
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
31
ib.
32
34
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
35
35
3G
37
39
ib.
ib.
40
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib
41
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
42
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
43
ib.
ib:
ib.
ib.
44
ib.
CONTENTS;
ill
Bázárs —
In an unsatisfactory state
Not owing to neglect on part of Cantonment Magistrates
Soldiers frequent lowest quarters
Men predisposed by youth and recent arrival exposed to danger in
visiting bázárs and native villages
PAGE
44
ib.
ib.
ib.
CHAPTER IY.
Disease statistics of stations
Table VI. — Showing admission rate from fever and deaths from chief
diseases in stations
Greater sub-division required to show disease statistics by corps
...
Disease must be localized
Table VII. — Admissions and deaths from Enteric Fever by corps in
each station during each of 10 years, 1872 to 1881
Principal sanitary defects of following stations :—
Karáchi
Hyderabad
Colába
Baroda
Ahmedabad
...
...
...
...
Deesa
Mount Abu
Cases of Enteric Fever at Mount Abu by Surgeon-Major Spencer.
Tárágarh
Nasirabad
Neemuch
Indore
Mhow
Asirgarh
Ahmednagar
Purandhar
Poona
Kirkee
Khandála
Sátára
...
...
Kolhápur
Belgaum
...
...
...
Review of disease statistics among the men of the Royal Artillery and
Infantry
45
ib.
ib.
ib.
46
47
54
57
63
66
69
73
75
80
82
85
89
91
ib.
93
96
98
104
108
110
112
ib.
115
CHAPTER V.
Examination of cases
Disease rarely diagnosed as Enteric Fever on first admission
Temperature charts
Absence of characteristic eruption
Importance of investigation into antecedent history of the patient ...
Pathological lesions...
Their significance ...
Illustrative cases where doubt has been expressed as to the correctness
of the diagnosis ...
Case of Private Hands, 17th Lancers, Mhow...
„
Private Stamp, 2/17th Foot, Asirgarh
Private D. Copeland, N. S. Regiment, Karáchi ...
Cleasby
Blurton
...
...
...
Bagneli
...
...
...
Lamb
Hewitt
Instances of Enteric Fever among Natives ...
Dr. McCalman's account of an outbreak in the 1st Grenadiers at
Ahmedabad and a case in Ratnágiri Jail Hospital
Case of a Sepoy by name Bhisoo Rawool, 19th Regiment Native
Infantry, Málegaon, reported by Surgeon Damania ...
Case of Juan Fernandez, Goanese cook, reported by Surgeon-Major
Sexton
118
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
ib.
119
123
127
128
130
133
134
136
140
ib.
141
144
iv
CONTENTS.
Report by Surgeon-Major H. Cook
„
Assistant Surgeon' Nuserwanjee Dhunjibhai ...
„
Assistant Surgeon . Jamsetji Byramji reporting cases at
Navsári
„
Assistant Surgeon D. ,Cardoz reporting cases from Gadag ...
„
Surgeon-Major Davidson reporting cases from Dhárwár ...
Report of 2 cases of Enteric Fever among prisoners in Shikárpur
Jail by Surgeon Peacocke
Extract from Surgeon-Major Water's review of the practice of J. J.
Hospital for 1882 .
Two cases of Enteric Fever among young officers recently landed in
Bombay by S urgeon-Major Keith
CHAPTER VI.
No evidence of specific poison ...
At same time Enteric Fever prevails to a larger extent than antici-
pated among natives
To prevent the development of Enteric Fever as well as other diseases
the sanitary improvement of every station is required....
Malaria the most prominent disease cause ....
That due to dampness under and near barracks more potent than
unhealthy ground at a distance
Filth conditions general throughout India ...
The measures necessary to reduce mortality and loss of service from
Enteric Fever
No man under the age of 25 should be sent out
If this cannot be done, the youngest age should be fixed at 22 years...
Regiments on first arrival should be sent to selected stations
Hill stations recommended
After hill stations selected stations in the plains
Belgaum the healthiest station in Bombay Presidency ...
Next to it Ahmednagar
Disease causes in stations beyond power of officers commanding to
remedy
The necessity for under-drainage insisted on by Sanitary Officers . . .
,,
„
Engineers...
Effects of under-drainage in Algeria
„
England
Action required as regards Barracks
,,
Latrines
„
Disposal of refuse
„
Water-supply ...
„
Sadar Bázárs
Cantonment Committees require remodelling
Necessity for Health Officer, &c.
Steam laundry
Disease statistics should be kept by corps, not by stations .
Individual cases of young soldiers
All young soldiers for first year of residence should attend hospital
for weekly inspection ...
...
...
Establishment of trained nurses required
Improved cooking ...
Liability of getting a chill by going to bed in a state of perspiration ...
The abolition of the spirit ration recommended
The substitution of Indian cheroots for black Cavendish recommended
The necessity for vacating barracks when Malarial or Enteric Fever
has become prevalent
The sea as a health retort
Most of the diseases British Troops suffer from in India to be
ascribed to local insanitary conditions
The results of 10 years
The expense of disease
PAGE
148
149
ib.
151
ib.
152
154
155
157
ib.
ib.
ib
158
ib.
ib.
ib.
159
ib.
ib.
160
ib.
ib.
ib.
161
162
ib.
ib.
163
ib.
164
ib.
165
ib.
ib.
166
ib.
ib.
167
ib.
ib.
ib.
168
ib.
ib.
ib.
169
ib.
170