104
to pipes. They are now used as Sewers, for every privy in this large town
with its population of 20,000 inhabitants is or will be connected with them, and
although night soil, except surreptitiously, is not admitted into them, the urine and
kitchen refuse water are and must be. The out fall at Sacha Peer into the Manik
nála is especially dangerous. Colonel Ducat is fully aware of the imperfections
of the present state of things which would all be altered if his sewerage scheme
for the native city were carried out, when the present carriers would form excel-
lent storm water drains.
I have no doubt that enteric fever is endemic in the Sadar Bázár and
adjoining native city, and it cannot be wondered at seeing the magnitude of the
evils portrayed by Colonel Ducat in his sewerage report.
I think also that it has been a great sanitary mistake to have allowed
wet cultivation in the immediate neighourhood of the Cantonment, and the heavy
manuring of vast areas with poudrette is in my opinion fraught with danger
to the public health, as this is dry and not in a fit state to be immediately assi-
milated by plants.
I also recommend that the Cantonment's limits be extended on the east
so as to include the Cavalry parade ground, from which a line should be drawn
on the east to opposite the village of Wanowri. If this were done, the villages of
Ghorpuri and Wanowri would be included in the Cantonment. Or, if this
course cannot be taken, the villages could be formed into a municipality like
Bhingár at Ahmednagar has been.
In conclusion I think it is only fair to invite especial attention to the fact
that although the troops in the Ghorpuri Barracks have, as shown above, been
much more unhealthy than those occupying the Wanowri Barracks, yet that
they have not been as unhealthy as troops in other stations, and according to
the statistics have suffered less, for example, than either the Artillery or In-
fantry at Kirkee.
KIRKEE.
This station is the permanent head quarters of the Artillery in the Bombay
Presidency. There is also a detachment of British Infantry supplied from one of
the regiments in Poona. I am informed by the Assistant Quarter Master
General of the Poona Division that "there is no hard and fast rule for the relief
of the Kirkee British Infantry detachment. The General changes the company
generally whenever the Officer Commanding the Regiment furnishing it applies
for its relief; practically I find that in the past five years the company has been
relieved as a rule twice a year, the exception being a company of the Rifle
Brigade remained there from February 1882 to January 1883".
I can, for the reasons stated under Poona, only give statistics of disease
among the troops at Kirkee between 1877 and 1882.
The ratios of admissions and deaths per 1,000 of aggregate annual average
strength during the six years, both Artillery and Infantry detachment, were
as follows, and show that the Infantry are more unhealthy than the Artillery:—
Period—Six years, 1877—82.
Artillery
Infantry ...
Cholera.
A.
1 6
0 0
D.
1 2
0 0
Enteric
Fever.
A.
0 8
7 8
D.
0 4
6 3
All other Fevers
except Enteric.
A.
687 2
1,111 3
D.
0 4
0 0
Dysentery.
A.
17 8
23 5
D.
1 2
0 0
Diarrhœa.
A.
45 8
47 0
D.
0 8
0 0
All Causes.
A.
1,581 2
1,899 6
D.
9 1
12 5