NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
THE PROVINCE
OF
BIHAR AND ORISSA
Showing the Districts where outbreaks
of cattle disease occured in 1935-36.
Scale 1 Inch = 32 Miles
(Sd, P. B. Riley, Major, I.V.S.,
Director. Veterinary Services Bihar.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
Civil Veterinary Department, Bihar and Orissa,
for the year 1935-36.
CHAPTER I.
General Administration.
I HELD charge of the Civil Veterinary Department, Bihar
and Orissa, throughout the year. In addition to my duties as
Director, Veterinary Services, I acted as Principal, Bihar and
Orissa Veterinary College, Patna, for seven months from the 19th
April to the 17th November, 1935, while the permanent Principal,
Mr. R. T. Davis, I.V.S., was on leave. Being the Head of the
Department I was also in administrative charge of the Bihar and
Orissa Veterinary College including the control of the Govern-
ment Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm, Patna and the work of
the Central Range and the (Veterinary) Disease Investigation
Officer, Bihar and Orissa, was carried out under my direct
supervision and control.
2. While in charge of the College I reorganized the working
of the hospital, laboratory and library sections and regularised
the fees accounts which all proved conducive to economy as well
as efficiency. I also organized for the department a Goat Tissue
Virus (inoculation) campaign against Rinderpest which com-
menced on the 1st October and ended the 31st March.
3. As the existing syllabus of the College was found
defective, I undertook to prepare a more elaborate and detailed
one useful to all concerned, which was approved by Govern-
ment. Revision of the Provisional Prospectus (Rules and
Regulations) with the object of making it final received full
consideration also during the year.
4. Though there was a greater demand on my presence at
headquarters on account of my additional duties at the College
and various other matters, I managed to visit 11 districts,
(viz., Patna, Gaya, Shahabad, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Cham-
paran, Hazaribagh, Ranchi, Manbhum, Singhbhum and Puri) and
inspected 41 veterinary hospitals and dispensaries and also the
office of the Deputy Director, North Bihar Range, Muzaffarpur.
1
9 DVS
2
5. As a member of the Advisory Board of the Imperial
Council of Agricultural Research I attended the meetings of the
Board for its two sessions at Simla and New Delhi; at the latter
place, I attended the Conference of the All-India Animal Husban-
dry Workers.
6. As a member of the Board of Examiners, I examined the
students at the Bengal Veterinary College, Calcutta for its
annual and diploma examinations for 1935-36. Being a member
of the standing Examination Board for the Bihar and Orissa
Veterinary College I made the preliminary arrangements for
holding the annual and diploma examinations of the College for
its 6th session and also acted as an examiner.
7. At Calcutta I assisted in the purchase of horses for the
Mounted Military Police, Bihar and Orissa, and inspected the
horses of the same Police Force at Arrah and Jamshedpur.
8. I was busily engaged at headquarters in connection with
questions arising out of the separation of the Orissa Division and
its inclusion in the new province of Orissa. The records, the
budget and the cadre for the transferred area were duly
separated.
9. For the convenience of administration, it was considered
expedient to create a new sub-range comprising the three Chota
Nagpur districts of Manbhum, Singhbhum and Ranchi (with
Ranchi as headquarters) and placing the area under an officer
of Class II Veterinary Service, i.e., an Assistant Director. The
proposals which were accordingly drawn up, received the sanc-
tion of Government, and the funds being also voted, all the
preliminary arrangements for starting the office from the 1st
April 1936, were completed during the year.
10. The Bihar and Orissa Provincial Exhibition which was
held at Patna in February 1936, received my attention as I
attended the Exhibition Committee's meetings, and gave personal
instructions to the Range Officer, Mr. Sen, in organising a show
of the Department and making it a success.
11. During the year, I further, acted as President of the.
Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination Board for the half-
yearly professional examinations of subordinate officers which
were held in April and October, L935, and also interviewed and
selected the students for the Bihar and Orissa Government and
district board stipends for admission to the Veterinary College.
12. I paid frequent visits to the Patna Cattle Farm. I was
on tour for 92 days and travelled 2,639 miles by road, in addition
to the journeys performed by rail.
3
North Bihar Range.
13. Deputy Director Mr. M. I. Malik, B.SC., M.R.C.V.S., held
charge of the North Bihar Range throughout the year except for
three days. During the period, Mr. Malik inspected all the
veterinary hospitals and dispensaries, in his range and 17 rural
veterinary dispensaries ; he visited the Government Farms at Pusa,
Sabour and Sipaya, and also the important fairs and shows of
the range. He personally attended and took necessary steps
at an outbreak of parasitic diarrhœa in sheep where the mortality
ran high. He acted as an examiner at the half-yearly profession-
al examinations of subordinate veterinary officers held at Patna
in April and October, 1935.
14. In addition, Mr. Malik acted as a judge at the Sitamarhi
and Purnea Cattle Shows and as a member of some recognised
committees and associations, such as Veterinary Site Committees,
the S. P. C. A. and the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Service
Association, attended meetings such as those of the (Gazetted)
Veterinary Officers at Patna and the Divisional Development
Board. He kept in touch with the Deputy Magistrates during
the monsoon floods in certain areas of the range and showed
considerable pluck in controlling a serious outbreak of fire at
Sitamarhi. He, moreover, discussed the question of appointing
additional veterinary assistant surgeons with the chairmen of
many district and local boards.
During the Silver Jubilee
Celebrations of His late Majesty, King George V, Mr. Malik was
actively concerned in the organisation of the sports section and
as such received a letter of thanks from Government.
15. He was on tour for 170 days and travelled 3,922 miles
by road in addition to the journeys performed by rail.
16. During the year certain improvements to the office of
the Deputy Director at Muzaffarpur were carried out by laying
foot-paths in the compound and erecting racks for storage of
tents, etc.
Central Range.
17. Special Officer Mr. S. K. Sen, B.SC., M.R.C.V.S., held
charge of the Central Range throughout the year.
18. During the period he inspected offices of four circle
inspectors and all the veterinary hospitals and dispensaries (52 in
number), in the Central Range. In course of his tour, he visited
many police-stations in order to scrutinise the thana epidemic
registers of cattle-diseases and made personal enquiries into the
existence of outbreaks and the results of goat tissue virus inocula-
tions in 263 villages. Besides, he inspected the horses of the
4
Mounted Military Police Force at Arrah twice, and also the
ponies belonging to the Police Training College at Hazaribagh.
He further delivered a lecture on the common contagious diseases
of cattle to the cadets of the Police Training College (Hazaribagh)
and examined the Government animals at the Buxar and Hazari-
bagh Central Jails ; attended a meeting of departmental gazetted
officers at Patna and a meeting of the S. P. C. A. committee.
19. Mr. Sen also acted as an examiner in Hygiene, Dietetics
and Animal Husbandry at the annual and diploma examinations
of the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary College, as well as examiner
and secretary to the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination
Board for the half-yearly professional examinations of sub-
ordinate officers in April and October, 1935.
20. Under the supervision of the Director, Veterinary
Services, Mr. Sen organised the Veterinary Section of the Bihar
and Orissa Provincial Exhibition held at Patna during February
1936. Due to his special endeavours, a large number of goat
tissue virus inoculations were carried out in the Central Range.
21. During the year under report, Mr. Sen was on tour for
102 days and travelled 4,311 miles by road besides the journeys
by rail.
Orissa Range.
22. Assistant Director Babu Nilmoni Chatterji held charge
of the Orissa Range throughout the year. During the period,
he inspected 31 veterinary hospitals and dispensaries out of a
total 35 of the Range, the exceptions being Kendrapara, Bhadrak,
Simdega and the newly-opened veterinary dispensary at
Cuttack. He also inspected the Mounted Military Police
horses at Jamshedpur.
23. In course of his tours in the interior, Babu Nilmani
Chattarji visited 235 villages and 11 rural veterinary dispen-
saries, enquired into the prevalence of contagious live stock
diseases, supervised the goat tissue virus (inoculation) work in
7 districts, delivered lectures on the general utility of the
Veterinary Department and the advantages of the tissue virus
inoculation against rinderpest, attended a meeting each of the
District Board Ranchi, and the Veterinary Dispensary Com-
mittee, Balasore, and also the gazetted veterinary officers'
conference at Patna.
24. He was, moreover, appointed a member of Examination
Board of the Bengal Veterinary College and examined the
5
students of the said college at the annual and diploma exa-
minations for 1935-36. He was also appointed a member of
the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination Board for the half-
yearly professional examination of subordinate veterinary
officers held at Patna in April 1935.
25. He was on tour for 103 days and travelled 4,037 miles
by road in addition to the railway journeys.
26. During the year the office godown of the Assistant
Director, Civil Veterinary Department at Cuttack was improved
by the addition of one room for storage of serum.
(Veterinary) Disease Investigation Officer.
27. Mr. L. Sahai, M.SC., M.R.C.V.S., the (Veterinary)
Disease Investigation Officer, Bihar and Orissa, held charge of
his duties throughout the year thus completing the 4th year of
the appointment. During the period he was on tour for 111
days and travelled 1,700 miles by road besides the usual railway
journeys. While at headquarters, he, in addition to office
work, worked in the laboratory examining and studying
material brought from the interior. Much of his time at
headquarters was also absorbed in carrying out experiments in
connection with rinderpest.
28. Mr. Sahai attended the Animal Husbandry Research
Workers' Conference at New Delhi in February 1936 when he
read a paper on " the diagnosis and control of Doyle's Disease
of Fowls". He served as an examiner in the subjects of
Shoeing, Pathology and Bacteriology, and Meat and Milk
Inspection at the Annual and Diploma Examinations of the
Bihar and Orissa Veterinary College, Patna, for the session
1935-36.
29. During the year, Mr. Sahai received further training
for about two months at the Imperial Institute of Veterinary
Research, Muktesar, where he, besides
going round the
different sections and familiarising himself with the latest
developments, worked on certain aspects of Johne's disease and
Doyle's Disease of Fowls and examined samples of milk from
several cows for Johne's bacilli.
The Animal Husbandry Expert to the Imperial Council of
Agricultural Research visited his office at Patna towards the
end of the year and discussed certain disease problems with
him.
30. Mr. Sahai has put in another year of very useful work
towards investigation of live stock diseases in this province.
6
CHAPTER II.
Veterinary Instruction.
Bihar and Orissa Veterinary College.
31. Charge.—The Bihar and Orissa Veterinary College
commenced its sixth session from the 1st July 1935. Mr. R. T.
Davis, I.V.S., the Principal and Professor of Medicine, held
charge of the college for five months during the year i.e. from
1st to 18th April 1935, and again, from 18th November 1935
to 31st March 1936. During the intervening period of seven
months I officiated as Principal in addition to my duties, and
acted as Secretary to the College Governing Body. Mr. P. G.
Malkani, B.A., B.SC., M.R.C.V.S. taught Medicine to the Post-
graduate and Final Year students during this period in addition
to his duties as Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology and
Research Officer. As acting Principal of the College I made
some innovations in its management and submitted reports
thereon to the Director, Veterinary Services, Bihar and Orissa.
While on duty Mr. Davis acted as Secretary to the Governing
Body and as a member of the Board of Examiners and the Bihar
and Orissa Agricultural Research Committee. He also super-
vised the work of the Government Cattle Farm, Patna.
32. Teaching and subordinate professional staff.—There
was no change in the personnel of the teaching and subordinate
professional staff except that Babu B. Ruth, Demonstrator to
the Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology was transferred
to Orissa due to the creation of the now Province being
relieved by veterinary assistant surgeon Babu K. S. Sankaram
The services of Babu S. K. Banerji, hospital surgeon, were
dispensed with from the afternoon of the 28th May, 1935 and his
place was filled by a veterinary graduate Maulavi M. K. Khan.
The particulars of the staff employed are shown in Table
VII for the college.
33. Admission of students.—There was again an increase
in the number of admissions as 36 new students joined the
college compared with 25 in the preceding session, while 35 out
of 37 old students returned for further studies making a total of
71 in the beginning against the corresponding number 56 of the
previous year. The new admissions included 6 United Provinces
Government stipendiaries and 26 private students (viz. 3 from
Bihar and Orissa, 8 from United Provinces, 10 from the Punjab,
2 from the Central Provinces, 2 from the North-West Frontier
7
Province and 1 from Hyderabad (Deccan). Seven newly-admit-
ted students having left the college the total number at the end
of the session came down to 64 as follows :—
Bihar and Orissa 22, United Provinces 24, Bengal 1,
Punjab 12, North-West Frontier Province 3, Central Provinces
1 and Rajputana 1.
Amongst these, 35 students were Hindus, 3 were Sikhs,
24 were Muhammadans and 2 were Indian Christians. As
regards their educational qualifications, 63 students were
Matriculates or of equivalent qualification and one was a
passed I. Sc.
Of the total number (64), 38 (including 31 students coming
from outside) were private and 26 students held stipends as
shown below :—
Bihar and Orissa Government 1, United Provinces Govern-
ment 10, Bihar and Orissa District Boards 13, Bettiah Raj 1
and Garhwal C. B. Trust Fund 1.
The details of admissions are shown in Table I.
34. Training and examinations.—The training of the stud-
ents was conducted by the same staff of gazetted officers except
that the subject Medicine was taught by Mr. P. G. Malkani
for seven months while the Principal was on leave.
The annual and diploma examinations were, as usual,
conducted by a duly constituted Board of Examiners and accord-
ing to their opinion, the results were satisfactory. Out of 59
students who appeared at these examinations 42 came out
successful, viz. 19 of the First Year, 14 of the Second Year and
9 of the Third Year class, the percentage of passes having
been
65.9, 823 and 69.2 respectively. Out of the nine
students who passed the Diploma Examination, four gained
distinctions.
35. The Postgraduate training class which was suspended for
one year was re-opened with a shorter course for three months
and nine students joined. Of these, six were subordinate
officers of the department. 1, a veterinary
assistant
surgeon
of the Mayurbhanj State and 2, veterinary graduates of the
province.
36. With the exception of five who were permitted to live
outside, all the students, regular as well as postgraduate, were
provided with accommodation in the hostels and three " C "
8
Type Government quarters and their general health was satis-
factory. Lecturer, Mr. M. B. Bose acted as warden for the
session. The stock of the College library books was further
increased by fresh purchases and also by the presentation of
19 text books for use of the stipendiary students made by
the chairman of the district board of Hazaribagh, to whom
thanks are due.
37. Veterinary Hospital.—Professor G. N. Boy Chaudhuri
held charge of the College Veterinary Hospital up to the middle
of April 1935 after which, on account of certain irregularities
noticed in its management, the hospital was placed under the
supervision of Mr. S. I. H. Akbari, Lecturer of Materia Medica
and Therapeutics. 3,324 animals were treated at the hospital
during the year as against 3,673 in the year 1934-35. Out of
the number 512 including 143 cruelty cases were inpatients.
In addition 186 castrations were done and 199 pathological
specimens were sent to the laboratory for examination. Treat-
ment of Mastitis in cows by intravenous injection of Calcium
Gluconate, of continuous fever in some dog patients by oral
administration of stovarsal and also a case of equine piroplos-
mosis by the use of Antimosan was undertaken and the results
were encouraging. The rabid dog ward was removed and placed
near the Anatomy Block. Nine dogs received anti-rabic treat-
ment at the hospital, 306 horses were shod at the College
shoeing forge against 279 of the preceding year. During the
year Government were pleased to sanction the addition of rid-
ing classes for persons other than the students for a nominal
fee of Rs. 10 per month.
38. The live stock owners of the neighbourhood brought 86
cows for service by the stud bull at the college hospital against
81 in the year 1934-35.
39. Research Laboratory.—The work on the histopathology
of Kumri was continued at the Research Laboratory and a
second progress report was written and presented by the Research
Officer, Professor P. G. Malkani for publication.
A new
species of Haemoproteus causing a fatal disease in the Indian
peacock was discovered by the same officer. A paper on this
disease was also prepared and presented by him for publication.
Materials were collected and examined from a few cases of
Ranikhet disease. An experimental treatment of nematode
infestation among the Government Cattle Farm, Patna, with
Carbon Tetrachloride which was carried out under my instruc-
tions by the laboratory staff proved very effective and brought
about noticeable improvement in the condition of the affected
9
animals. 63 animals of this farm were also immunised against
rinderpest by goat tissue virus and the immunity tests of those
vaccinated previously were also carried out.
40. The routine work of the laboratory consisted in the
examination of 1,043 specimens including blood smears, pus,
faeces, urine, skin scrapings, etc, against 746 in the previous
year. Out of these, diseases were diagnosed in 500 cases. Details
are shown under the head " Laboratories ". Postmortem exami-
nation was carried out on 49 animals and 10 pathological specimens
were collected and sent to the Museum duly mounted. The
photo and art section of the laboratory did important work
for demostration classes and also for the Bihar and Orissa
Provincial Exhibition.
41. The programme of research at the college for the year
1936-37 is as follows:—
(1) Work on Rinderpest virus.
(2) Work on Haemoproteus in Indian Peacock.
(3) Doyle's Disease of fowls—Treatment and Prophy
laxis.
(4) Johne's Disease—Better diagnostic agent.
(5) Contagious Otorrhoea—Etiology.
(6) Stringhalt (Bovine)—
Do.
(7) Calcutta Sore—Etiology and Treatment.
(8) Distomatosis or Fascioliasis—Cheap and effective
treatment.
Owing to noticeable improvement in the working of the
Research Laboratory the question of its reorganisation was not
taken up during the year.
42. The College Serum Depot.—Dealt with 320 requisitions
received from the districts. 243,368 doses of sera and vaccines
including balances were received at the depot while 187,137
doses were issued.
43. General Remarks.—The expenditure on the college
under different heads amounted to Rs. 78,947-0-5 while a sum
of Rs. 13,089-1-0 was derived as receipts, vide details in
Table I and Statement C. The College Governing Body met
only once in the year. Maharaja Bahadur Ram Ran Vijoy
Prasad 8ingh of Dumraon presided over the Diploma and Prize
distribution function. The Officiating Animal Husbandry Expert
2
9DVS
10
to the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, Mr. F. Ware,
F.R.C.V.S., I.V.S., paid a visit to the college in December 1935.
The arrangement by which the Sports Section was placed under
Lecturer, Mr. Akbari, as its permanent secretary, proved more
satisfactory than that of appointing a secretary from among the
students.
44. Professional Examination and Training.—The half-
yearly quinquennial professional examinations of subordinate
veterinary officers were conducted by the Bihar and Orissa
Veterinary Examination Board in April and October 1935.
I was appointed President and senior Member, while Messrs.
M. I.Malik, S. K. Sen and Babu Nilmoni Chatterji acted as
members and examiners at one or both examinations, Mr. Sen
also acted as secretary. Altogether 36 veterinary assistant
surgeons were examined and out of them, 15 came out success-
ful in all subjects, the percentage of passes being 42.9. The
final examination results were published in the Bihar and Orissa
Gazette.
45. Mr. L. Sahai, M.SC., M.R.C.V.S., the (Veterinary) Disease
Investigation Officer, received a short special course of training
for about 2 months at the Imperial Institute of Veterinary
Research, Muktesar, during the year.
CHAPTER III.
Treatment of Diseases,
46. Incidence of contagious diseases.—The incidence of
common contagious live stock diseases is shown in the map
attached. It will appear that the five principal diseases—rinder-
pest, haemorrhagic septicaemia, blackquarter, anthrax and foot
and mouth disease—were more or less prevalent during the year.
Specifically speaking rinderpest was present in all but three
districts, Saran, Cuttack and Puri, haemorrhagic septicaemia
and foot and mouth disease affected all the districts, anthrax
was reported in twelve districts, Purnea, Gaya, Shahabad
Monghyr, Bhagalpur, Santal Parganas, Palamau, Cuttack, Puri,
Sambalpur, Singhbhum and Manbhum, and blackquarter in four
viz., Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Shahabad and Cuttack. It is