NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
142
Diet III.
BATCH IV.
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine. Weight.
N. of
Country
rice.
N. of
Makkai
ata.
N. of
Arhar
Dal.
N. of
Vege-
tables.
c.c.
grms.
lbs.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
7,820
41.27
123.9
18.73
16.68
29.82
2.36
8,200
40.63
123.7
18.73
16.68
29.82
2.36
10,350
42.74
123.9
18.73
16.68
29.82
2.36
8,210
40.91
124.0
18.73
16.68
29.82
2.36
7,550
41.01
124.0
18.73
16.68
29.82
2.36
What do we learn regarding the protein metabolism from this series ?
Diet I.
Total output—
Total intake of nitrogen. =379.75 grms.
N. of urine
.
.
. .
229.66 grms.
.5 grm. constant .
.
.
12.50
„
Total N. metabolism
. . =242.16 „
=63.76 % of N. of diet
= 9.68 grms. N. per man daily.
Diet II.
Total output—
Total intake of nitrogen.=358.80 grms.
N. of urine .
.
.
.
210.23 grms.
.5 grm. per day constant
.
12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
. =222.73
„
=62.07 % of N. of diet
=8.91 grms. of N. per man daily.
Diet III.
Total output—
Total intake of nitrogen.=337.95 grms.
N. of urine
. .
.
.
206.56 grms.
.5 grm. per day constant
.
1 2 . 5 0 . „
Total N. metabolism
. . =219.06 „
=64.82 % of N. of diet
=8.76 grms. N. per man daily.
We, therefore, get the following results:—
Constants.
Varying amounts
of makkai ata.
Diet of
scheme.
Amount of nitro-
genous metabolism
per man daily.
Country rice . 12 ozs.
+
Makkai ata . 12 ozs. Diet I.
9.68 grms.
Arbar dal . 6
„
„ „
. 10 „ Diet II.
8.91 „
Vegetables . 6
„
„ „
. 8 „ Diet III.
8.76 „
143
It would, therefore, appear that up to 12 ozs. of makkai ata may be taken
with advantage in combination with 12 ozs. rice and the usual dal and vegetables.
But it is almost impossible to get 12 ozs. of makkai eaten for more than a few
days at a time : even in Bhagulpur we had difficulty in having the full ration taken.
We may conclude, therefore, that 12 ozs. of makkai is about the maximum
amount the prisoners will consume voluntarily ; and our results show that it is
not beyond. the amount from which the maximum absorption, in a diet of the
above type, is able to take place. The 12 ozs. of makkai ata sanctioned in the
jail code is about right if the quantity of rice be reduced to 12 ozs. per mandaily.
The effect of substituting makkai ata 12 ozs. for wheat ata 10 ozs. in Bhagulpur
jail is shown on Chart XII. The results obtained corroborate what we found
in the Buxar investigations, viz., it had the effect of placing the prisoners on a
lower plane of nitrogenous metabolism. The average decrease in the amount of
nitrogen undergoing metabolism from this substitution is not so great as in Buxar
jail—in Buxar jail it was 1.66 grms. nitrogen whereas in Bhagulpur jail it is
under I grm. However, the prisoners in Bhagulpur jail were getting 12 ozs. of
makkai, while the Buxar prisoners only got 10 ozs.
This concludes our observations on the effects of varying the quantities of
wheat ata and makkai ata, Burma rice and Country rice in the two jails of Behar.
The results obtained are very definite and clear. While certain variations
are met with, due to accidental or experimental errors, the main features of the
curves obtained under similar conditions are very closely identical.
We claim to have proved from these investigations that the quantity of rice—
Burma or Country—in the Behari diet is too great ; and that, whether given with
wheat ata or makkai ata, it can be reduced to 12 ozs. per man daily. The advan-
tages of this reduction are clearly brought out in the charts and do not require any
further discussion. Further, we have shown that 10 ozs. of wheat ata per man
daily, and from 10 to 12 ozs. of makkai ata are the optima amounts to be used in
combination with 12 ozs. of rice.
There now remains the question of the amount of dal, when given along with
these quantities of rice and wheat or makkai ata, from which the best results are
to be obtained. We have seen from the investigations recorded on Table XIII
that with a diet composed of 12 ozs. Burma rice, 12 ozs. wheat ata, and 6 ozs. of
different dais very similar amounts of protein absorption took place whether
the dal was highly nitrogenous or only fairly so. This is evidence that the nitrogen
of the highly nitrogenous dais is not absorbed so well as that of the dal s offering
less nitrogen in the diets, and that, therefore, the amount of nitrogen offered in
the form of dal for that type of diet could be decreased with advantage, i.e. , would
144
leave less residue for intestinal putrefaction. While this is true with regard to
a diet containing 12 ozs. of wheat ata, will it be the case when the wheat ata is
reduced to 10 ozs. per man daily ?
The question, therefore, is:—accepting our result as correct, that the proper
quantities for a diet of the Behar type are 12 ozs. of Burma or Country rice, 10 ozs.
of wheat ata or 12 ozs. of makkai ata, what amount of dal should be given with
these constituents in order that the absorption should be a maximum ? In order
to answer this question the following investigations were carried out.
To keep the conditions as nearly constant as possible arhar dal was experi-
mented with in Bhagulpur jail, and mung dal in Buxar jail. Mung dal is a repre-
sentative of the more highly nitrogenous forms, while arhar contains the medium
percentage of protein. Both forms are favourite dals with the Behari. They may
be, therefore, taken as fairly representative of the general run of dals in use.
(i) Investigations to obtain the varying degrees of nitrogenous metabolism on
diets of country rice, wheat ata, arhar dal and vegetables—when all constituents
of the diets are constant, except the arhar dal.
Bhagalpur Jail.
TABLE XX.
SCHEME OF DIETS.
CONSTANTS.
Country rice
.
.
. 60 ozs.
Arhar dal
.
35 ozs. Diet I.
Wheat ata
.
.
. 50 „
+
„ „
.
30 „ Diet II.
Vegetables
.
. . 30 „
„ „
.
25 „ Diet III.
Diet I.
Behari prisoners observed for five consecutive days.
BATCH V.
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine.
Weight.
N. of
Country
rice.
N. of
Wheat
ata.
N. of
Arhar
dal.
N. of
Vegetables.
c.c.
grms.
lbs.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
7,070
49.78
129.8
18.73
28.08
34.79
2.36
7,750
50.99
129.7
18.73
28.08
34.79
2.36
7,000
45.59
..
18.73
28.08
34.79
2.36
8,240
50.23
. .
18.73
28.08
34.79
2.36
7,180
50.04
129.8
18.73
28.08
34.79
2.36
145
Diet II.
B A T C H I I .
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine
.
Weight.
N. of
Country
rice.
N. of
Wheat
ata.
N. of
Arhar
dal.
N. of
Vege-
tables.
c.c.
grms.
lbs.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
See Table XVI—Bhagulpur Diet III.
Average for 10 days' observation.
Diet III.
BATCH V.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
7,630
48.17
129.9
18.73
28.08
24.85
2.36
6,300
46.92
..
18.73
28.08
24.85
2.36
6,530
44.43
..
18.73
28.08
24.85
2.36
7,250
46.99
..
18.73
28.08
24.85
2.36
4,400
41.84
129.9
18.73
28.08
24.85
2.36
What do we learn from this series of investigations ?
Diet I.
Total intake of nitrogen . =419.80 grms. Total output
—
N. of urine
.
.
.
246.63 grms.
.5 grm. per day constant
.
12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
. =259.13 „
=61.72 per cent. of N. of diet
=10.28 grms. of N. per man daily.
Diet II.
(See Table XVI—Bhagulpur.)
Total N. of intake .
. =394.95 grms. Total N. metabolism
. =262.48 grms.
= 66.45 per cent. of N. of diet
= 10.49 grms. of N. per man daily.
Diet III.
Total N. of intake
.
=370.10 grms. Total output
—
N. of urine .
.
. .
228.35 grms.
.5 grm N. daily constant
.
12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
. =240.85 „
=65.07 per cent. of N. of diet
= 9.63 grms. N. per man daily.
U
146
We, therefore, get the following information from this series—
Constants.
Varying amounts
of. Arhar dal.
Diet of
scheme.
Amount of
N. metabolism
per man daily.
Country rice . 12 ozs.
+
Arhar dal . 7 ozs.
Diet I.
10.28 grms.
Wheat ata
. 10 „
„ „
.
6 „
Diet II.
10.49 „
Vegetables
. 6 „
„ „
. 5 „
Diet III.
9.63 „
That is, we have evidence that an increase in the quantity of arhar dal of the
prisoners' diet scale is not accompanied by an increase—but by a diminution—in the
actual quantity of protein absorbed and assimilated from the diet . We further
learn that the quantity sanctioned for the jail diet is the amount from which the
maximum absorption takes place—that is, when combined with the quantities of
rice and wheat ata from which we obtained the maximum absorption—12 ozs. of
rice and 10 ozs. wheat ata.
It is quite possible and highly probable that other combinations of rice, wheat
or makkai ata dal could have been obtained from which an equally good absorp-
tion of protein would have followed : as for instance one containing
14 ozs. of rice,
or
14 ozs. rice,
10 „ of wheat ata
12 „ of makkai ata,
4 „ different dals,
4 „ of arhar dal,
6 „ vegetables,
6 „ of vegetables,
but, while combinations such as these are possible and worthy of investigation, we
were guided in our researches by what was observed during the dieting experiments.
As before stated, it was with difficulty that we could get 16 ozs. of Country rice eaten,
and impossible to get 16 ozs. of Burma rice consumed by prisoners. It therefore
appeared a clear indication that rice was the part of the diet in excess of
requirements, especially as there never was any difficulty in getting the 10 ozs. of
wheat ata or 6 ozs. of dal daily completely consumed. Although 12 ozs. of makkai
ata were eaten in the majority of experiments in Bhagulpur—where that amount
was given—it was always with some difficulty that we got it consumed for seven
days consecutively, and therefore increase in its amount is not practicable.
Another point to which we may draw attention and one that affords further
evidence that the quantities of rice, wheat ata and dal, which we have suggested
are those from which the best absorption will take place, is the high co-efficient of
absorption obtained for the protein of arhar dal when Diets II and III of this table
are contrasted. Thus—
Diet II—protein absorption from constant + that from 6 ozs.
Arhar dal gives 10.49 grms. nitrogen per man daily.
Diet III—protein absorption from constant + that from 5 ozs.
Arhar dal gives 9.63 grms. nitrogen per man daily.
147
Now, assuming that the amount of protein absorption from the constant part
of these diets is the same in both—this is probably a correct assumption as the
decrease in bulk due to one oz. of arhar dal would have little effect, and is quite
different from a reduction in the much more bulky rice—we see that an increase of
one oz. of arhar dal causes an increased protein metabolism from 9.63 grms. to
10.49 grms. nitrogen.
This works out at an absorption of the protein of arhar dal of just over 85 per
cent. ; a figure closely approaching the normal to be expected for a fairly digestible
vegetable protein.
Exactly similar results were obtained in Buxar jail by reducing the mung dal
from 6 ozs. to 5 ozs. and finally to 4 ozs. per man daily—when the diet consisted
otherwise of Burma rice 12 ozs., wheat ata 10 ozs. and 6 ozs. of vegetables. A
steady fall in the level of nitrogenous metabolism took place ; so that we
may accept it that the 6 ozs. of dals sanctioned in the jail dietaries is the correct
amount, when given in combination with the optimum amount of Burma or Country
rice and wheat or makkai ata.
(ii) Investigation to obtain the varying degrees of nitrogenous metabolism on
diets of Burma rice, wheat ata, mung dal and vegetables—when all constituents of
the diets are constant, except the mung dal.
Buxar Jail.
TABLE XXI.
SCHEME OF DIETS.
Constants.
Varying amounts of mung dal.
Burma rice .
.
.
.
12 ozs.
+
Mung dal 6 ozs. Diet
I.
Wheat ata .
.
.
.
10 „
„
„
5 „
Diet II.
Vegetables .
.
.
.
6 „
„
„ 4 „
Diet III.
Diet I.
Behari prisoners observed for five consecutive days.
Intake of nitrogen
=425.50 grms.
See Table XI, Diet III, Buxar Jail
Output of nitrogen
=251.15
„
=59.02 per cent. of N. of diet
= 10.05 „ N. per man daily.
U 2
148
Diet II.
BATCH V.
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine.
N. of
B u r m a
rice.
N. of
Wheat
ata.
N. of
Mung
dal.
N. of
Vege-
tables.
Weight of
prisoners.
c.c.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
lbs.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
6,300
41.55
20.40
27.75
28.82
2.36
107.4
6,620
44.75
20.40
27.75
28.82
2.36
107.6
6,690
39.28
20.40
27.75
28.82
2.36
107.6
6,600
41.29
20.40
27.75
28.82
2.36
107.5
5,720
47.80
20.40
27.75
28.82
2.36
107.4
Diet III.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
4,560
38.38
20.40
27.75
23.06
2.36
107.2
5,030
36.72
20.40
27.75
23.06
2.36
107.2
5,000
38.77
20.40
27.75
23.06
2.36
107.3
6,500
39.58
20.40
27.75
23.06
2.36
107.2
6,000
35.95
20.40
27.75
23.06
2.36
107.2
What do we learn from this series ?
Diet I.
Total nitrogen intake . = 425.50 grms.
Total output=251.15 grms.
=59.02 per cent. of the nitrogen of the diet
or 10.05 grms. of nitrogen per man daily.
Diet II.
Total nitrogen intake
. = 396.65 grms.
Total output
—
N. of urin
.
.
.
. 214.67 grms.
5 grm. daily constant .
.
.
12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
. .
. 227.17 „
=57.27 per cent. of the total nitrogen of the diet.
= 9.09 grms. of nitrogen per man daily.
149
Diet III.
Total nitrogen intake
. =367.80 grms. T o t a l o u t p u t —
N. of urine
.
.
. . 189.40 grms.
.5 grm. daily constant .
.
. 12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
.
. 201.90 „
=54.89 per cent. of the nitrogen of the diet.
=8.08 grms. of nitrogen per man daily.
Therefore, we obtain the following information :—
Constants.
Varying amounts
of mung dal .
Grms. of nitrogenous
metabolism per
man daily.
Burma rice . 12 ozs,
+
Mung dal . 6 ozs. Diet I.
10.05
Wheat ata
. 10 „
„
„ . 5 „ Diet II.
9.09
Vegetables . 6 „
„
„ . 4 „ Diet III.
8.08
Again showing that the maximum absorption is obtained from a diet consisting of
12 ozs. Burma rice, 10 ozs. wheat ata, 6 ozs. vegetables when 6 ozs. of mung dal is
given, and that a reduction of the amount of dal is followed by a corresponding
reduction in the quantity of nitrogen absorbed. We give on Chart XIII the figures
for the varying amounts of mung and arhar dals plotted out to show the effects
graphically.
By working out the percentage protein absorption of mung dal from the diets
given on Table XXI it will be found to average 85 per cent.—a much higher figure
than can be obtained when the quantities of rice in the diet are greater than 12 ozs.
per man daily.
As we have already pointed out this may not be entirely due to a high protein
absorption from the dal alone—although in this particular type of diet it probably
is. In all likelihood an increased absorption takes place from the constants of the
diets so that a seemingly greater increase occurs from the varying constituents
than is really the case ; this is particularly the case when we are dealing with
a bulky material like rice as the varying constituent of the diet.
This finishes all we have to say regarding section (3) or the effects of varying
the quantities of the components of the Behari type of diet.
It will be evident from a comparison of these results with those obtained from
the dietaries of lower Bengal jails that the Behari is on a higher level of nitrogen-
ous metabolism, and in accordance with this we find his physical development,
body weight, and general capabilities of performing work and resisting infection also
on a higher level. The great defect of the Behar jail diet is the same as that of the
lower Bengal diet—the large residue left over to be dealt with by the bowel with
all its attendant disabilities. It is not therefore to be wondered at that intestinal
troubles are very prevalent amongst the Beharis as well as amongst the Bengalis and
Ooriyas.
150
The general conclusion arrived at from these investigations is the urgent
necessity for a reduction in the quantities of rice given to the prisoners, both
in the interests of their health and from motives of economy.
The quantity of rice in the Bengal jail diets should be reduced by 8 ozs. per
man daily, and in Behar diets by 4 ozs. per man daily. We have no hesitation in
saying that, in effecting this economy to the State, the prisoners will be placed in a
much better position as regards their nutrition, capabilities of doing work and
general health.
We now pass to some observations made on the effects of adding an animal
protein to the Behari diet ; but, as the level of nitrogenous metabolism is already
high we did not consider it necessary to go into much detail regarding these effects.
SECTION 4.
The effects of varying the components of the Behari diet, i.e., of
adding an animal protein to it.
TABLE XXII.
Buxar Jail.
(i) Investigations to determine the percentage of the nitrogen of mutton
absorbed when mutton is added to a diet in which the level of nitrogenous
metabolism is on a low scale.
Diet A.
Five Behari prisoners on "basal diet" for a week.
BATCH Q.
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine.
Weight
of pri-
soners.
N. of
Burma
rice.
N. of
Mung
dal.
N. of
Makkai
ata.
N. of
Goat's
flesh.
N. of
Vege-
tables.
c . c . grms.
lbs.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
.
8,540 38.25
124.4
13.60
34.59
22.05
..
2.36
8,880 34.18
124.4
13.60
34.59
22.05
. .
2.36
9,130 36.93
124.4
13.60
34.59
22.05
..
2.36
10,370 35.27
124.4
13.60
34.59
22.05
..
2.36
8,720 35.64
124.4
13.60
34.59
22.05
..
2.36
Same five men on "basal diet" to which mutton is added.
Diet B.
Batch Q, same five men . .
7,240
47.66
123.8
13.60
34.59
22.05
10.43
2.36
7,000
42.67
123.6
13.60
34.59
22.05
10.43
2.36
9,820
46.33
123.9
13.60
34.59
22.05
10.43
2.36
9,710
44.38
124.0
13.60
34.59
22.05
10.43
2.36
9,000 44.85 123.8 13.60 34.59 22.05 10.43 2.36
151
Diet A.
Total intake—
Total output of nitrogen—
N. of Burma rice .
.
68.00 grms.
N. of urine
.
.
. =180.27 grms.
N. of mung dal .
.
172.95 „
.5 grm. of N.daily constant
. = 12.50 „
N. of makkai ata .
.
110.25 „
N. of vegetables .
.
11.80 „
Total N. metabolism
.
. =192.77 „
=53.10 per cent. of N. of diet
Total N. of intake
. =363.00 „
= 7.71 grms. N. per man daily.
Diet B.
Total intake same as A . =363.00 grms. Total output of nitrogen—
Add N. of mutton
. = 52.15 „
N. of urine
.
.
.
=225.89 g rms.
.5 grm. of N. daily constant
= 12.50
„
Total N. of intake
=415.15 „
Total N. metabolism
=238.39
„
=57.42 per cent. of N. of diet
= 9.53 grms. N. per man daily.
Now if we falsely assume, as has always hitherto been done in investigations
carried out to obtain the co-efficient of absorption of the nitrogen of different
food-stuffs in European diets, that the same amount of nitrogen will be
absorbed from the basal part of these Diets A and B, i.e., that the same quantity
of nitrogen will be absorbed from Diet A as will be absorbed from the basal part
of Diet B (Diet B=Diet A+mutton) we can, by the method employed in Europe
and America, obtain a figure representing the percentage of the nitrogen of the
mutton that is absorbed.
From Diet A we get an absorption of 192.77 grms. nitrogen.
From Diet A + mutton (B) absorption of 238.39 grms. nitrogen.
Therefore, on above assumption
—
52.15 grms. nitrogen of mutton gives an absorption of 45.62 grms. or 87.47 per cent.
So that, on the above assumption the nitrogen of goat's flesh is absorbed
to an extent of 87.47 per cent.; but, while this percentage is true for these parti-
cular experiments, it does not hold good in other experiments where the basal part
of the diet is made up differently. In other words, the figure representing the
percentage of protein of mutton absorbed, obtained from experiments carried out in
this way, depends very largely on how the basal diet is made up. The protein of
mutton is very much more easily assimilated than is the protein of either rice, dal
or ata ; and therefore on adding mutton to a basal diet, although we get an increase
in the amount of protein absorbed and undergoing metabolism, the increased output
of nitrogen in the urine is not a measure of the amount of protein absorbed from the
mutton. It may vary in two different ways :—
1. It may happen to be the measure of the amount of nitrogen absorbed from
152
the mutton, i.e., the amount of protein absorbed from the basal diet remains con-
stant, whether basal diet alone is given or basal diet plus mutton. From the
evidence we have obtained this is only likely to occur when the basal diet provides
an absorption of protein that approaches the lower limits of nitrogenous equi-
librium, and is of a bulk less than that likely to interfere with absorption by its
size alone.
2. What is far more likely to happen is that, the protein of mutton or other
meat or fish being much more easily assimilated, the intestinal canal absorbs this
protein readily and allows a much larger part, than when no animal protein is
present, of the protein of the basal diet to pass out unabsorbed. We have
already given a good deal of evidence that this is the case, and shall rest content
with stating one example of it on the Behari type of diet.
(ii) Investigations to determine the percentage of the nitrogen of mutton
absorbed when the mutton is added to a diet that approaches the lower limits
of nitrogenous equilibrium.
Diet=
Burma rice .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
60 ozs.
Makkai ata .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
40
„
Mung dal
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
3 0
„
Vegetable
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
3 0
„
Diet I.
Five Behari prisoners on low nitrogenous diet for a week.
BATCH S.
Quantity
of urine.
Total N.
of Urine.
Weight
of pri-
soners.
N. of
Burma
rice.
N. of
makkai
ata.
N. of
Mung
dal.
N. of
vege-
tables.
N. of
goat's
flesh.
c.c.
grms.
lbs.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
.
9,560
35.75
117.2
20.40
17.64
34.59
2.36
..
7,620
34.78
117.2
20.40
17.64
34.59
2.36
..
9,820
41.45
..
20.40
17.64
34.59
2.36
..
9,400 35.79
..
20.40
17.64
34.59
2.36
..
12,440
43.71
117.2
20.40
17.64
34.59
2.36
..
Diet II=
Burma rice
.
.
.
.
. 50 ozs.
+ Goat's flesh 16 ozs.
Makkai ata
.
.
.
.
. 40
„
Mung dal
.
.
.
. . 30 „
Vegetable
.
.
.
.
. 30 „
153
Diet II.
Batch C.
Quantity
of Urine.
Total N.
of Urine.
Weight
of pri-
soners.
N. of
Burma
rice.
N. of
makkai
atta.
N. of
Mung
dal.
N. of
vege-
tables.
N. of
goat's
flesh.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
.
10,530 47.32 123.6 17.00 17.64 34.59 2.36 10.43
8,600 46.95 123.8 17.00 17.64 34.59 2.36 10.43
10,790 46.54 123.7 17.00 17.64 34.59 2.36 10.43
11,850 46.78 123.6 17.00 17.64 34.59 2.36 10.43
9,170 48.07 123.6 17.00 17.64 34.59 2.36 10.43
Diet I.
Total intake of nitrogen . =374.95 grms. Total output —
N. in urine
.
.
.
. 191.48 grms.
.5 grm. N. daily
.
.
. 12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
.
. 203.98 „
=54.40 per cent. of N. of diet
=8.15 grms. of N. per man daily.
Diet II.
Total intake of nitrogen . =410.10 grms. Total output —
N. of urine
.
.
.
. 225.66 grms.
.5 grm. daily
.
.
.
. 12.50 „
Total N. metabolism
.
.
. 248.16 „
=60.51 per cent. of N. of diet
= 9.92 grms. of N. per man daily.
From these investigations we see that
—
from Diet I 203.98 grms. of nitrogen undergo metabolism,
from Diet II 248.16 grms. of nitrogen undergo metabolism
now Diet II is made up of Diet I + 16 ozs. of mutton + 10 ozs. of Burma rice,
and we know from previous work that a diminution of 10 ozs. of Burma rice in a
diet of the above type makes very little difference in the amount of nitrogen
absorbed, particularly when the diminution of nitrogen in rice is counterbalanced
by a more easily absorbed nitrogen in the form of meat. We may, therefore, take
it that the increased output is largely due to the presence of mutton in the diet.
Therefore 248.16 grms.—203.98 grms.=44.18 grms. is practically derived from
52.15 grms. N. of mutton=about 84.71 per cent. of the N. of mutton absorbed. X