NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
8
CHAPTER VII.
LABORATORIES—
(a) General ... ... ... ...
(b) Investigation of diseases—North Bihar Range ...
„
„
„
Central
„ ...
,„
„
„
Orissa
„
...
CHAPTER VIII.
Expenditure ...
...
...
...
...
CHAPTER IX.
Prevention of cruelty to animals ... ... ...
CHAPTER X.
Royal Commission on Agriculture ... ... ...
CHAPTER XI.
GENERAL REMRKS—
(a) Silo operations ... ... ... ...
(b) Khedda in Angul ... ... ... ...
(c) Hackney carriage and ekka service ... ...
(d) Acknowledgments ... ... ...
BIHAR AND ORISSA VETERINARY COLLEGE—
General Administration—
Charge ... ... ... ... ...
Teaching staff ... ... ... ...
Subordinate staff ... ... ... ...
VETERINARY INSTRUCTION—
Admission ... ... ... ...
Students ... ... ... ... ...
Examination ... ... ... ...
Stipend ... ... ... ... ...
Hostel ... ... ... ... ...
Library and Museum ...
...
...
...
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Athletics ...
... ... ... ...
Chemical and Biological Laboratory ... ...
Pharmacy Section ... ... ... ...
Anatomical and Physiological Section ... ...
Hygiene Laboratory ... ... ... ...
VETERINARY HOSPITAL—
General ... ... ... ... ...
Treatment
...
... ... ...
Demonstrations
... ... ... ...
Shoeing Forge ... ... ... ...
Riding Ponies and Ambulance ... ... ...
RESEARCH LABORATORY—
Nasal granuloma ... ... ... ...
Coccidiosis ... ... ... ...
Fowl disease ... ... ... ...
Anthrax ... ... ... ... ...
Hæmorrbagic Septicæmia in crows ... ...
Otorrhoea in buffaloes ... ... ... ...
Breeding of small animals ... ... ...
Serum Depôt ... ... ... ...
Serum production ... ... ... ...
Routine research work ... ...
GENERAL REMARKS—
Finance ...
... ... ... ...
Governing Body
... ... ... ...
Prospectus, rules and syllabus ... ... ...
Conservancy, Buildings, etc. ... ... ...
Diploma and prize distribution ... ... ...
Conclusion ... ... ... ...
Acknowledgments
...
...
... ...
Appendices ... ... ... ...
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i—xxix
REFERENCES
(Sd) P.B.Riley I.V.S.
Major
Director, Civil Veterinary Department.
Bihar & Orissa.
THE PROVINCE
OF
BIHAR AND ORISSA
Showing the Districts where outbreaks
of cattle disease occurred in 1930-31
Scale 1 Inch = 32 Miles
(Sd) P.B.Riiey l.V.S.
Major
Director, Civil Veterinary Department.
Bihar & Orissa.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT
BIHAR AND ORISSA
FOR THE YEAR
I930-31
CHAPTER I.
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION.
1. I held charge of the department as officiating Director
and Veterinary Adviser to Government from 1st to 26th April
and then again from 24th November 1930 to 31st March 1931.
While on leave, Mr. J. S. Garewal, I.V.S., Live-stock Officer of
the Punjab, whose services were lent by the Government of
India, officiated during my absence.
2. Mr. D. Quinlan retired from service on 7th June 1930.
The post of Director, Civil Veterinary Department and Veterinary
Adviser to Government having fallen vacant, I was appointed
substantively to it on two years' probation with effect from the
date of my return from leave, i.e., 24th November 1930.
3. The work of the Central Range was done by Assistant
Director, Babu Nilmoni Chattarji, under my direct supervision
according to the re-arrangement of duties already approved by
Government.
4. The second State scholar, Mr. Subrata Kumar Sen, B .SC.
(Cal.), after taking his diploma at the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons, London, returned during the year and was
appointed by Government as a Special Officer for one year from
the 28th November 1930. He was attached to the head office of
the department for training. It has been proposed to send him
to the Imperial Institute of Veterinary Research, Muktesar, for
a special course of training in Bacteriology extending over 2
months.
5. During the short period of five months, I visited 43
veterinary hospitals and dispensaries out of 126 in the Province,
acted as an examiner at the annual examinations of the Bengal
Veterinary College at Belgachia, and also as Examiner and Presi-
dent of the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination Board
2
during the first half-yearly professional examination of the subor-
dinate staff. I further acted as an examiner and a member of
the Board of Examiners of the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary
College. Besides, as the new Bihar and Orissa Veterinary
College was to start from 1st July 1930, much preliminary office
work in that connection had to be done, in addition to the usual
supervision of the Patna Cattle Breeding Farm and the college
equipment work before I proceeded on leave.
I was on tour for 47 days and travelled 1,794 miles by road.
6. Mr. Garewal, during his incumbency for seven months,
visited 54 veterinary institutions in the Province, attended a
meeting of the Advisory Board of the Imperial Council of
Agricultural Research held at Simla, interviewed the students
on behalf of Government and local bodies for admission to the
first session of the New College at Patna, and acted as Examiner
and President at the second half-yearly professional examination
of the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination Board. He
also attended a meeting of the Selection Board at Ranchi in
connection with the appointment of the Research Officer and
Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology for the Bihar and Orissa
Veterinary College ; and visited the Sonepur fair. He was on
tour for 58 days and travelled 1,267 miles by road.
7. Mr. S. K. Sen was employed on touring duty in order
to enable him to know the conditions of the interior. During
the four months of the year, he spent 64 days on tour, visited
many important stations and thanas in Patna, Gaya, Monghyr,
Bhagalpur and Santal Parganas districts, and travelled 1,138
miles by road.
NORTH BIHAR RANGE.
8. Special Officer Mr. Ismail Malik was in charge of the
range throughout the year. He spent 139 days on tour,
travelled 3,907 miles by road in addition to railway journeys,
inspected all the veterinary hospitals and dispensaries numbering
43, visited the Government Cattle farms, Pusa and Sipaya as
well as the important fairs and shows, acted as one of the
judges at the Sitamarhi, Khagra and Sonepur fairs, and assisted
in organizing a scheme for starting a livestock exhibition at
Sonepur.
9. Mr. Malik also attended the meeting of the Develop-
ment Board, Tirhut Division, held at Madhubani and carried on
the usual propaganda for removing scrub bulls and educating the
public on veterinary matters. He, moreover, delivered lectures
on animal husbandry, the prevention of cruelty to animals, and
on the care of cattle during epidemics.
3
10. Due to repeated revision of the estimate, the electric
pump sanctioned for the laboratory could not be fitted up
during the year.
CENTRAL RANGE.
11. Assistant Director Babu Nilmoni Chattarji held charge
of the range throughout the year. He was on tour for 126 days
and travelled 2,335 miles by road in addition to railway journeys.
12. During the year he inspected all the veterinary hospitals
and dispensaries in the range and also the offices of the five
circle inspectors. Besides, he attended 28 outbreaks of cattle-
diseases, mostly of rinderpest, and visited 492 villages either for
verification of the work of the touring veterinary assistant
surgeons or for making enquiries into the prevalence of unreport-
ed epidemics. In addition, he gave lectures to the cadets of the
Hazaribagh Police Training School on common contagious
diseases of cattle and their general management, inspected the
jail cattle at Gaya, Buxar, Bhagalpur, the Jail and Reformatory
cattle at Hazaribagh and the slaughter-houses under the Patna
City, Sahibganj and Hazaribagh municipalities.
13. He also visited the Monghyr dairy farm and the
agricultural farm at Sabour ; attended the meetings of the Patna
Divisional Development Board at Arrah and Arwal; inspected
Mounted Military Police horses at Arrah ; and acted as member
and Secretary to the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination
Board held in April and October 1930.
ORISSA RANGE.
14. Rai Sahib P. N. Das held charge of the range.
During the year he inspected almost all the veterinary hospitals
and dispensaries, checked the work of the subordinate staff at
headquarters and in the mufassal; attended an outbreak of
haemorrhagic septicæmia at the Cuttack Jail and another of
parasitic diarrhoea amongst the calves at the Namkum Vaccine
Depot, Ranchi.
15. In addition, the officer attended some meetings of the
district boards and the Divisional Development Board and
inspected the Goshalas and Pinjrapoles at different places and the
agricultural farm cattle at Khurda, Kanke, Cuttaok and Kujang.
He was on tour for 142 days and travelled 2,182 miles by
road in addition to railway journeys.
16. The electric installation and the arrangement for water-
supply in the office building and laboratory were completed and
the record room was fitted up with iron racks.
4
CHAPTER II.
VETERINARY INSTRUCTION.
17. With the starting of the Bihar and Orissa Veterinary
College at Patna all the Bihar and Orissa veterinary students
discontinued their studies at the Bengal Veterinary College.
The first annual report of the Principal, Bihar and Orissa
Veterinary College, will be found printed with this report.
18. Professional examinations for subordinate officers.—
The examinations were conducted twice as usual by the
Bihar and Orissa Veterinary Examination Board in April
and October 1930. Mr. Garewal and myself acted as
President and senior examiner, while Assistant Director
Babu Nilmoni Chattarji as Secretary and second examiner at
both examinations. 35 veterinary assistant surgeons including
those who failed before, appeared, and 16 passed.
19. Training in England.—The only State scholar, Mr. S.
K. Sen, returned after taking the M.R.C.V.S. diploma. The cost of
training in England amounted to £141.
20. No contribution was paid to Bengal Government towards
the upkeep of the Bengal Veterinary College as all the students
were withdrawn from the college. The expenditure on Govern-
ment stipends, etc., has been shown in the college report.
CHAPTER III.
TTREATMENT OF DISEASE.
21. General condition.—As the map will show, contagious
livestock diseases were prevalent all over the province, particularly
in the Central Range. Poot and mouth disease was also
more in evidence in this range. It is, however, gratifying to
note that after the severe outbreaks of the previous two years
1928-29 and 1929-30, a comparatively healthy condition prevailed
in many parts of the Orissa Range, especially in Angul district,
which was almost free from any important outbreak during the
year under report. This district suffered heavy losses in the
previous two years. Such was also the case with the districts of
Sambalpur, Singhbhum and Manbhum. The districts which
suffered most during the year were Cuttack, Puri and Balasore
where contagious diseases were very conspicuous. As in the
previous year, foot and mouth disease appeared in a mild form
in this range, there being no appreciable increase in the number
of attacks. The condition of the North Bihar Range was more
5
satisfactory as all the principal diseases were prevalent in a mild
form, while anthrax and black quarter were not reported in some
districts.
22. Altogether 6,318 outbreaks were brought to notice in
which out of 113,382 animals affected, 33,719 died, as compared
with 6,660 outbreaks, 111,080 attacks and 35,543 deaths reported
in the year 1929-30. There has been a decrease of a little
over eighteen hundred in the number of deaths. Out of the total
number, 5,508 outbreaks were attended by the staff. The total
number of animals shown as affected includes 42,500 cases of
foot and mouth disease.
23. According to the area and cattle population of each
range, the figures for contagious diseases are distributed as
follows :—
Name- of Range.
North Bihar ...
Central ... ...
Orissa ... ...
Area in
aquaro
miles.
20,457
33,641
28,864
Livestock.
9,629,537
10,474,652
7,803,859
Number of
outbreaks
reported.
692
3,501
2,232
Number of
outbreaks
attended.
571
3,183
1,752
Number of
animals
affected.
6,832 (a)
61,057 (b)
45,443 (c)
Number of
deaths
recorded.
2,849
18,059
12,82 0
Total
... 83,165
27,907,518
8,318
5,508
(a) Includcs 2,484 cases of foot and mouth disease
(b)
„
22,030 „
„ „
„
(C)
„
19,986 „
„ „
„
113,383
33,7191†
* The figures aro acoording to the latest census of 1925.
† Excluding 9 deaths under equines and 125 deaths under " others " (Smallor animals),
24. Chaukidars recommended for punishment or reward.—
111 chaukidars were punished or recommended for punishment
for failing to report outbreaks, while 5 were rewarded or recom-
mended for reward for giving help to the staff.
EQUINE.
25. Glanders and Farcy Act.—Nil.
26.
Anthrax.—Nil.
27. Surra.—Two cases of equine surra were detected in
Patna and Kanchi, but both died before any treatment could be
adopted. Five more cases were reported in Shahabad, out of
which two died before adoption of any treatment, one, an advanced
case, also died soon after treatment, the remaining two were
cured with Naganol.
28. Tetanus.—Two deaths from tetanus were recorded in
Bhagalpur.
6
29. Strangles.—29 cases of strangles were treated in North
Bihar with successful results, while 1 death from the disease was
reported in Patna.
30. Rabies.—One case of equine rabies was brought to
notice in Ranchi. The animal died after a short illness.
BOVINE.
31. Rinderpest.—Rinderpest
was, as usual, prevalent in all
the districts. Heavy mortalities were, however, recorded in
Purnea, Supaul and Madhipura subdivisions of Bhagalpur
district, Gaya, Monghyr, Santal Parganas, Hazaribagh, Palamau,
Cuttack, Puri and Balasore, the total number of deaths reported
in the province being 28,541 out of 64,575 animals attacked,
as compared with 27,212 deaths and 58,762 attacks reported
in 1929-30. The increase in the number of deaths is contributed
by the Central Range. There was a severe outbreak of this
disease in Bankipur town, which necessitated the deputation of
a special staff to combat it.
Thanks are due to the district board, Bhagalpur, for provid-
ing the touring veterinary assistant surgeons, Bihpur and
Madhipura, with boats to attend outbreaks in flooded areas when
all other communications were cut off.
32. The particulars of the outbreaks of rinderpest according
to ranges are shown below :—
North Bihar ...
Central ...
Orissa ...
Total ...
Outbreaks
reported.
225
2,110
1,158
3,493
Outbreaks
attended.
222
2,056
993
3,271
Number of
animals
affected.
2,963
36,153
25,459
64,575
Number of
deaths
recorded.
1,679
15,482
11,380
28,541
33. Foot and mouth disease.—Foot and mouth disease
affected all the districts but as in the previous year, it appears
to have been more widespread in the Central. Range particularly
in Shahabad and Palamau districts, causing 46 deaths in the latter.
In the Orissa Range, except in Ranchi where it was rather
obstinate and where 85 deaths were recorded, the disease
appeared in all other districts in a mild form, and subsided after
treatment of the affected animals. North Bihar suffered least
from this disease with only two deaths recorded.
Out of a total number of 12,500 animals affected in 1,821
outbreaks, 164 died, as compared with 41,675 attacks in 1,683
outbreaks and 311 deaths in the year 1929-30.
7
34. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—This disease was again less
virulent than in the previous year, there being an appreciable
decrease in the number of outbreaks, seizures and deaths in all
the ranges. It, however, spread to a large area in Ranehi and
Cuttack where an adequate number of inoculations could not
be performed as the district boards were unable to meet the cost
of serum. The death rate was also comparatively high in the
districts of Santal Parganas, Shahabadand Patna.
Altogether 907 outbreaks wore reported during the year, and
in them, out of 5,634 animals attacked, 4,248 died, as compared
with 1,701 outbreaks, 9,263 attacks and 7,077 deaths in the year
1929-30. 860 outbreaks were attended by the staff.
35. Black Quarter.—This disease was far less prevalent
than bffimorrhagic septicæmia. It was not reported in the
Orissa Range. The total number of outbreaks reported in the
proviuce was 58 only, and in them, out of a total number of 310
animals attacked, 256 deaths were recorded, compared with 146
outbreaks, 669 attacks and 566 deaths recorded in the year
1929-30. The disease was in most cases confirmed microscopically.
36. Anthrax.—Anthrax
was reported in eight districts
viz., Patna, Champaran, Monghyr, Santal Parganas, Hazaribagh,
Cuttack, Sambalpur and Ranchi. In all, 23 outbreaks were
reported and in them, out of 278 animals attacked, 219 died, as
compared with 239 deaths recorded in 44 outbreaks in 1929-30.
All the outbreaks were attended by the staff and the disease; was
confirmed microscopically in almost all instances.
Information regarding outbreaks of anthrax was supplied
regularly to the Consulate-General of America, Calcutta.
37. Other contagions diseases.—281 deaths were recorded
under this head as compared with 138 in 1929-30. The figure
includes 179 deiths from bovine surra, 2 from Johne'a disease
and 11 from ephemeral fever. In addition, 49 deaths from fowl
cholera, and 2 from tetanus in goats were reported among
smaller animals.
38. Ovine.—No death was recorded.
39. Canine.—74 deaths from canine rabies shown under
"Others"
were reported during the year against 68 in 1929-30.
The largest number of deaths, 22, occurred in the Darbhanga
district.
PREVINTIVE
INOCULATION.
40. There has been an abnormal decrease in the number of
inoculations as protection by this method could be given only
8
to 79,641 head of cattle compared with 324,032 in 1929-30 and
328,153 in 1928-29. Though there was a great demand for
inoculations from the raiyats, sera and vaccines could not be
spent as freely as before due to the fact that the expenditure
for same had to bo controlled generally according to the budget
provisions of the district boards. Many district boards had
heavy outstanding charges to meet on account of sera and
vaccines spent during the previous two years, and as it was
impossible for them to incur fresh charges except to a limited
extent, inoculation was undertaken, in those cases only as the
last resource, i.e., when all the ordinary measures had failed to
check the disease.
The work is distributed according: to ranges as follows :—
North Bihar ... ...
Central ... ... ...
Orissa ... ... ...
Total ...
29,198
28,790
24,653
79,641
The particulars of the work done in each district are shown
in table III.
41. Rinderpest.—Inoculations
against rinderpest by the
"Serum Alone" method were carried out in 385 outbreaks, the
total number of animals protected during the year being
58,369 only, as compared with 161,641 done in 1,029 outbreaks
in 1929-30. The reason for this decrease has been explained in
the preceding paragraph.
The largest number 27,429 were
protected in the Central Range. There were 541 deaths among
the total number protected showing a percentage of .97.
42. Serum Simultaneous inoculation.—The cattle of the
Patna farm could not be protected by this method during the
year, as the virus received from Muktesar did not act when
injected into goats. The operations will be carried out at the
commencement of the next cold season. Though arrangements
were made for protecting the Kanke herd, due to the discovery
of Johne's disease among the animals at the same time and also
for want of provision in the Agriculture Department budget to
meet the cost, the operation was postponed till next year.
43. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—Altogether
13,909 head of
cattle were protected by serum alone against haemorrhagic
septicæmia in 77 outbreaks, as compared with 129,750 inocula-
tions performed in 626 outbreaks during 1929-30. In addition,
874 animals were also protected against the disease with vaccine
at the Sipaya farm, Purnea Jail, in Araria subdivision and in
Cuttack and Manbhum districts.
9
44. An outbreak of this disease occurred among the Purnea
Jail cattle which caused 5 deaths before the disease could be
diagnosed. No more deaths among these animals were reported
after inoculation. With a view to protecting the other jail
animals from this disease, arrangements were made with the
Prisons Department to have all jail cattle vaccinated before
rains in the year 1931-32. There were 6 deaths among the
inoculated animals throughout the province, the death rate being
about .28 per cent.
45. Anthrax.—804 animals were protected against anthrax
in 6 outbreaks in the Orissa Range. Only one death occurred
among the inoculated animals.
46. Black quarter.—Protection
with serum and aggressin
was given to 5,685 cattle against black quarter in 6 districts as
compared with 22,522 protected in 11 districts in the year 1929-
30. The operation was undertaken in 19 outbreaks. Two deaths
occurred among the inoculated animals. In addition, 600 animals
were protected at the Patna Cattle farm.
47. Supply of sera and vaccines.—Sera and vaccines valued
at Rs. 33,464-8-0 were obtained during the year from the
Imperial Institute of Veterinary Research, Muktesar and the
branch serum institute, Izatnagar, for supply to the different
serum depôts in the province.
Out of a total amount of Rs. 2,35,744-0-7 due to the
Muktesar Institute, a sum of Rs. 1,78,116-5-0 was realized
and credited to Government leaving a sum of Rs. 57,627-11-7
outstanding on 31st March 1931. The figures are according to
the statement of recoveries recently verified in the office of the
Accountant-General, Bihar and Orissa, and certified by that officer
as correct.
48. The district boards were still experiencing some difficulty
over the payment of the cost of serum owing to the extensive
outbreaks which occurred during the previous two years.
Though most of them have increased their budget provisions,
the amounts were not sufficient to cover the fresh, as well as
the arrear charges. Government were accordingly pleased to
come to their help and paid a total sum of Rs. 53,353-14-10
towards meeting the excess charge in some deserving cases.
After payment of this amount, a sum of Rs. 26,611-7-10 was
outstanding against the local bodies and other customers at the
end of the year for all supplies made up to the 31st March
1931.