NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
100
protein absorption is not constant, but varies with the quantities of the food mate-
rials forming the dietunder investigation. We therefore arranged different series of
observations in which, when all but one of the constituents of the diet were con-
stant, the actual material under investigation was made to vary. By this means
we were able to discover with what particular amount of rice, dal, or ata the pro-
tein absorption was at a maximum, and were able to plot out the curves thus ob-
tained so as to show at a glance the effects of the varying quantities of the different
food materials. When we came to a study of the Behari diets we fully expected
to find a very much larger percentage absorption of protein than in the Bengali ;
such, however, was not the case : the protein absorption from the full diet of
Behar jails is only very slightly higher than for Bengal jails. The actual
amount of nitrogen undergoing metabolism was, however, on a much higher
level. Again the reason for this poor percentage of protein absorption was not
difficult to find : it was to be attributed to the same factors that were in force
in the case of the full Bengal jail diets, viz., the vegetable food materials were
in quantities greater than the digestive juices were able to deal with to the best
advantage. Again we found that by reducing some of the elements an increased
relative and actual absorption took place ; it was, therefore, our aim to discover
with what particular combinations of quantities of these food-stuffs the best
absorption was possible. Having worked out this, we at once obtain that
combination which leaves the smallest residue for intestinal putrefaction and
fermentation, and from which waste is at a minimum. This would, therefore,
also be the combination most economical to the State in the dieting of the
criminals of Behar.
SECTION 1.
1. The Value of the Behari Diet in Proximate Principles.
As in the case of Bengal jails we give the average values : certain differences
will arise according to the samples of wheat or dal in use. The values given below
are based on the analyses of the food-stuffs that were in use in the Behar jails
at the time the investigations were carried out :
—
TABLE IX.
WHEAT DIET.
PROXIMATE
PRINCIPLES.
Rice.
Wheat
ata.
Makkai
ata.
Dals.
Vege-
tables.
Mustard
oil.
Value of
diet in.
grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Protein .
.
.
.
30.85
34.71
..
37.43
3.68
..
106.67
Carbohydrate
.
. 338.39
201.35
..
93.58
10.00
. .
643.32
Fat
. .
.
4.30
5.67
..
4.25
1.58
17.35
33.15
101
M A K K A I D I E T .
PROXIMATE
PRINCIPLES.
Rice.
Wheat
ata.
Makkai
ata.
Dals.
Vege-
tables.
Mustard
oil.
Value of
diet in
grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Protein .
.
.
.
30.85
..
32.50
37.43
3.68
..
104.64
Carbohydrate
.
.
338.39
..
234.82
93.58
10.00
..
676.79
Fat
.
.
.
.
4.30
..
17.00
4.25
1.58
17.35
44.48
These figures we may accept as a fair average of the Behari diet from day to
day. Comparison with the diet of Lower Bengal will show the higher value in both
protein and fat with very little difference in the carbohydrate. We need not again
refer to the seemingly very high value of these diets as compared with those in
force in convict prisons in England ; all we have had to say in discussing the diet-
aries of Lower Bengal applies with even greater force with regard to the diets of
Behar. The difference between these two types of dietaries is due to the substi-
tution of 10 ozs. of wheat ata or 12 ozs. of makkai ata (maize or Indian corn) for
10 ozs. of rice. While the reduction in the quantity of rice means a great lessening
in the absolute bulkiness of the diet, our investigations show that the decrease is
not sufficient to permit of the best use being made of its protein element. Fur-
ther, the excessive carbohydrate element is again very conspicuous—all the more
so in this diet because of the greater quantity of fat furnished by the wheat
and maize.
We may sum up our criticism of these dietaries by saying that, had we been
able to obtain evidence of a protein absorption at all close to the percentage
obtained with European dietaries, we should not have considered the amount
of protein offered in the Lower Bengal or Behari diet scales to be much in excess
of what might be considered necessary. In our opinion the great defects are
the very low percentage of the protein element that is absorbed, and the large
amount left over in the intestinal canal. These are defects common to all
vegetable diets, but in none to the same extent as in the dietaries of Bengal jails ;
in these they are increased to an enormous extent by the large amounts of bulky
food-materials consumed, and besides the mere bulk, the intestinal tract has
also to contend with pathological processes set up by the presence of excessive
carbohydrate material undergoing fermentation.
If, from the 100 grms. of protein offered in these diets we had an absorp-
tion of 85 per cent, then, even if the amount of nitrogen undergoing metabolism
might be considered greater than absolutely necessary, still the prisoners would be
102
placed on a high plane of nitrogenous metabolism which, as we have good reason
to believe, would tend to increase their general physique and power of resisting
infection and, at the same time, leave merely the normal quantity of residual
waste : but, instead of this, with a protein absorption of little over 50 per cent.
the prisoners are placed on a low level of nitrogenous metabolism, their physique,
nutrition and power of resisting infection are lessened and, at the same time, their
liability to auto-infection and auto-intoxication is increased by the presence of
a splendid culture medium for micro-organismal growth within the body derived
from the 50 per cent. residue of the jail diet. Another point not to be lost sight of is
the avoidable waste of food. materials, with its consequent expense to the State.
Our objection to these dietaries therefore is not that the diet offered. is
excessive and thus entails a high level of nitrogenous metabolism, but that on
account of its peculiar composition and of the large quantities of the food materials
entering into that composition, the absorption from it is lower than it should
be. Along with Lewis, Macnamara and all others who have made a study of the
subject, we would decrease the quantities of the food-stuffs ; but, in. contradis-
tinction to other observers, we would do so not because the diet gives too high
a level of nitrogenous metabolism but in order to raise the level of nitrogenous
metabolism and afford the digestive juices an opportunity of carrying on their
work in a physiological manner.
We now pass to a review of the investigations carried out in Buxar and
Bhagalpur jails on the prisoners of Behar.
SECTION 2.
2. The Amount of Nitrogen undergoing Metabolism on the Ordinary
Jail Diet of Behar.
We attempted to obtain the average amount of protein absorption from the
full Behari dietaries in Buxar jail and Bhagalpur jail. In Buxar jail Burma rice is
used, and here we experienced the same difficulty as encountered in the Presidency
Jail, Calcutta, where Burma rice was also in use : it was found absolutely impossible
to get the full ration of Burma rice consumed for a sufficient number of days to
obtain reliable results. In fact, in all the different observations made we never once
got the full 16 ozs. of Burma rice eaten. On the other hand, in Bhagalpur jail,
where country rice is in use we had no difficulty in having the full diet eaten—this is
analogous to what we found true for Puri jail where also country rice was the
variety given.
We shall therefore, take up the observations on the two kinds of rice separately
in Table X.
103
TABLE X.
( a) Investigations to determine the degree of nitrogenous metabolism on the
ordinary scale of diet for Beharis.
B u x a r J a i l .
(i) With Burma rice
—
Burma rice 80 ozs. .
.
.
.
batch of five
men.
Four batches of five prisoners
in each batch observed over
five consecutive days.
Wheat ata 50 ozs. .
.
.
.
Different dals 30 ozs.
.
.
.
Vegetables 30 ozs. .
.
.
.
In no case did the prisoners con-
sume the full amount of
Burma rice.
BATCH I.
Quantity.
of urine.
Total N.
of urine.
Weight of
prisoners.
N. of
Burma rice.
N. of
different
dals.
N. of
ata
wheat.
N. of
vege-
tables.
C. C.
Grms.
Lbs.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
11,280
38.29
107.3
21.63
30.05
27.75
2.36
9,600
39.51
107.5
25.33
30.05
27.75
2.36
11,500
45.08
108
19.58
33.81
24.25
2.36
9,500
42.02
107.6
22.88
30.05
27.75
2.36
8,800
39.30
107.4
19.82
30.05
27.75
2.36
Remarks.
Of the 80 ozs. of Burma rice in the diet during the five days on an average only 64.25 ozs. were eaten.
BATCH II.
C. C.
Grms.
Lbs.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis .
6,550
37.18
115.2
23.46
30.05
27.75
2.36
6,790
46.67
115.4
25.33
30.05
27.75
2.36
9,830
44.86
115.3
23.22
33.81
27.75
2.36
8,500
39.62
115.2
26.88
30.05
27.75
2.36
8,010
40.59
115.3
19.48
3.05
27.75
2.36
Remarks.
Of the 80 ozs. of Burma rice in the diet during the five days on an average only 67.28 ozs. were eaten.
104
BATCH III.
Quantity
of urine.
Total N.
of urine.
Weight of
prisoners.
N. of
Burma
rice.
N. of dif-
ferent
dal.
N. of
ata
wheat.
N. of
vege-
tables.
C. C.
Grms.
L b s .
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis
. 7,320
41.96
116.2
23.35
30.05
27.75
2.36
7,300
37.09
115.6
24.46
30.05
27.75
2.36
8,360
45.29
116.4
23.22
33.81
27.75
2.36
8,020
37.38
116.4
22.88
30.05
27.75
2.36
7,840
45.16
116.2
23.80
30.05
27.75
2.36
Remarks.
Of the 80 ozs. of Burma rice in the diet during the five days on an average only 68.6 ozs. were eaten.
C. C.
Grms.
Lbs.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
BATCH IV.
Five prisoners, Beharis
. 7,660
42.52
122
17.95
30.05
27.75
2.36
7,780
40.68
121.8
21.62
30.05
27.75
2.36
8,210
48.06
122.2
23.22
33.81
27.75
2.36
7,640
42.62
122
19.27
30.05
27.75
2.36
7,030
45.37
122
18.22
30.05
27.75
2.36
Remarks.
Of the 80 ozs. of Burma rice offered in the diet on an average only 57 ozs. were eaten.
The different dals in use were gram dal, arhar dal and massur dal.
Points brought out in these investigations :—
(1) Batch I
—
Total intake of nitrogen—
Total output of nitrogen
—
N. of rice
.
. . 109.24 grms.
N. of urine
. .
. 204.20 grms.
N. of dals
. .
. 154.01
„
.5 grm. per day constant
12.50 „
N. of wheat ata
.
. 135.25 „
Total N. metabolism
216.70 „
N. of vegetables .
.
11.80 „
= 8.66 grms. of N. per man daily,
Total N. intake
. . 410.30
„
= 52.81 per cent. of N. of diet.
105
Batch I
I —
Total intake of nitrogen—
Total output of nitrogen
—
N. of rice
.
. 118.37 grms.
N. of dals
.
. 154.01 „
N. of urine .
.
. 208.92 grms.
N. of wheat ata
. 138.75 „
.5 grm. per day
N. of vegetables . 11.80 „
constant
.
. 12.50 „
Total N. intake
422.93
„
Total N. metabolism . 221.42
„
= 8.85 grms. of N. per man daily,
= 52.35 per cent. of N. of diet.
Batch III
—
Total intake of nitrogen—
Total output of nitrogen
—
N. of rice .
. 117.71 grms.
N. of dals .
. 154.01 „
N. of urine
. 206.88 grms.
N. of wheat ata . 138.75 „
.5 grm. per day
N. of vegetables .
11.80 „
constant
. 12.50 „
Total N. intake
. 422.27 „
Total N. metabolism =219.38 „
= 8.77 grms. of N. per man daily,
= 51.95 per cent. of N. of diet.
Batch IV
—
Total intake of nitrogen—
Total output of nitrogen
—
N. of rice .
.
100.28 grms.
N. of urine
.
. 219.25 grms.
N. of dals .
.
154.01 „
N. of wheat ata .
138.75 „
.5 grm. per day
N of vegetables
11.80 „
constant
.
.
12.50 „
Total N. of intake . 401.84 „
Total N. metabolism
= 231.75 „
= 9.26 grms. of N. per man daily,
= 57.24 per cent. of N. of diet.
(2) The batches I, II and III have an almost identical intake of nitrogen
derived from the same sources and, as will be seen from the figures giving the
amounts of nitrogenous metabolism per man daily, the total nitrogen output
is almost identical also. We may, therefore, accept the average of the amount
of nitrogenous metabolism of these three batches as being the average amount
of nitrogen made use of from the ordinary diet of the Behari prisoners. This is as
follows:—
Batch I. N. of intake
. 410.30 grms.
N. metabolism 216.70 grms.
„ II. N. of „
. 422.93
„
N. „
221.42 „
„ I I I . N . o f „
. 422.27 „
N. „
219.38 „
Total N. „
. 1255.50 „
N. „
657.50 „
=52.36 per cent of N. of diet,
= 8.76 grms. N. per man daily.
P
106
Therefore we may conclude that the amount of nitrogenous metabolism from
a diet composed of—
Burma rice
.
.
.
.
. 13.34 ozs.
for each prisoner per day
Wheat ata
.
.
.
.
. 10.00 „
D a l s
.
.
.
.
. 6.00 „
Vegetables
.
.
.
.
. 6. 00 „
and equivalent to an intake of 16.75 grms. of nitrogen daily is, under ordinary
circumstances, 52.36 per cent. of the nitrogen of the diet or 8.76 grms. of nitrogen
per man daily.
(3) Batch IV had to be excluded from this average, for the amount of Burma
rice consumed by the batch was much below the average consumption
of rice by the other three batches and, as will be evident from these investiga-
tions, a decrease in the amount of rice from the ordinary jail quantity always
leads to a greater absolute and relative absorption of the nitrogen of the food.
In Batch IV—
Nitrogen of intake is 404.84 grms., of which 100.28 grms. is from rice. The
amount of nitrogenous metabolism= 231.75 grms.
= 5 7 . 2 4 p e r c e n t .
o f t h e n i t r o g e n o f t h e d i e t ,
or 9.26 grms. of nitrogen per man daily.
By contrasting the nitrogenous metabolism (average) of batches I, II and III
with batch IV, it is evident that a reduction in the quantity of rice from 13.34 ozs.
to 11.40 ozs. per man daily is at once accompanied by an increase in the relative
and actual amount of nitrogen absorbed, i.e ., from 52.36 per cent. to 57.24 per
c e n t . , a n d f r o m 8 . 7 6 g r ms . t o 9 . 2 6 g r ms . o f n i t r o g e n p e r m a n d a i l y .
On the whole the average nitrogenous metabolism in Buxar jail was on a low
level, due probably to many causes. At the time these observations were carried
out the health of Buxar jail was bad, owing to an epidemic of dysentery and much
diarrhœa. Another factor was probably the poor condition of the dals used in
these observations. The change for the better that took place in later experi-
ments when mung dal was given in place of the other dals was very marked.
(4) This investigation on picked healthy men on hard labour further shows
that the prisoners are quite unable to consume the full quantity of Burma rice
sanctioned for their diet.
Each prisoner is allowed 16 ozs. of rice daily along with the other constituents
of the diet scale.
107
The average consumption of rice of these 20 men observed for seven consecu-
tive days works out as 12.86 ozs. instead of the 16 ozs. provided in their daily
diet.
Even this was probably a higher consumption than normal, for we were anxious
at this stage to get the prisoners to eat all the food provided, in order to obtain the
average amount of protein absorbed from the full diet, so that the men were pressed
to eat more than they really felt they needed. Further evidence that 16 ozs. per
man daily of Burma rice is too great a quantity is afforded by the amounts found
to be consumed by different batches during the two months that the investigations
were going on in Buxar jail. Thus—
(a) A batch of 5 healthy Behari prisoners observed for seven consecutive
days was given a diet composed of—
Burma rice
.
.
80 ozs. or 16 ozs. per man daily
Wheat ata
.
.
50 „ „ 10 „ „ „ „
Mung dal
.
.
30
„
„
6 „ „ „ „
Vegetable
.
.
30
„ „ 6 „ „ „ „
on an average only 62.73 ozs. or 12.54 ozs. per man daily were eaten.
(b) Another batch of 5 healthy Behari prisoners observed for seven con-
secutive days was given a diet composed of—
Burma rice
.
. 80 ozs. or 16 ozs. per man daily
Makkai ata
.
.
50
„
„ 10 „ „ „ „
Mung dal
.
.
30 „
„
6 „ „ „ „
Vegetables
.
.
30
„ „ 6 „ „ „ „
on an average only 60.74 ozs. or 12.15 ozs. per man daily were eaten.
(c) Another batch of 5 healthy Behari prisoners observed for seven
consecutive days was given a diet composed of—
Burma rice
.
.
70 ozs. or 14 ozs. per man daily
Makkai ata
.
.
50 „ „ 10 „ „ „ „
Mung dal
.
.
30 „
„ 6 „ „ „ „
Vegetables
.
.
30
„
„ 6 „ „ „ „
on an average only 56.35 ozs. or 9.47 ozs. per man daily were eaten.
In (b) and (c) the ordinary quantity of 12 ozs. of makkai ata per man daily
had been reduced to 10 ozs., yet the prisoners could not consume more than an
average of 12.35 ozs. of Burma rice each per day.
We may therefore conclude that about 12 ozs. of Burma rice is the maximum
quantity that a Behari prisoner will consume when he is on the full Behari diet,
or even when the amount of makkai ata is decreased from 12 ozs. to 10 ozs. per
man daily.
P 2
108
Bhagalpur Jail.
Beharis.
(ii) Country rice.—Investigations to determine the average amount of nitrogenous
metabolism by Behari prisoners on the ordinary scale of diet sanctioned for Beharis.
Country rice
. .
.
1 6 0
o z s .
One batch of 10 prisoners observed
for five consecutive days.
Wheat ata
.
.
. 100 ,,
Arhar dal
.
.
. 60 „
Vegetables
. .
.
6 0 „
The full amount of country rice—16 ozs. per man daily—was consumed.
BATCH A.
Quantity
of urine.
Total N.
of urine.
Weight
of pri-
soners.
N. of
country
r i ce.
N. of
wheat
ata.
No. of
arhar dal.
N. of
vege-
tables.
C. C.
Grms.
Lbs.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Ten prisoners, Beharis
15,310
92.16
125.6
49.95
56.16
59.64
4.72
15,710
93.91
125.5
49.95
56.16
59.64
4.72
15,630
8 8 . 8 4
125.9
49.95
56.16
59.64
4.72
15,980
91.50
125.7
49.95
56.16
59.64
4.72
17,110
94.13
125.7
49.95
56.26
59.64
4.72
Total intake of nitrogen—
Output of nitrogen
—
N. of country rice .
. 249.75 grms.
N. in urine
.
.
.
. 460.54 grms.
N. of wheat ata
. . 280.80 „
.5 grm. N. constant
.
. 25.00
„
N. of arhar dal
.
. 298.20 „
N. of vegetables
.
. 23.60 ,,
Total N. metabolism
.
. 485.54 „
= 9.71 grm. N. per man daily,
= 59.96 per cent. of N. of diet is absorbed.
Total N. of intake
.
. 852.35 „
We may therefore conclude that the amount of nitrogenous metabolism from a diet
composed of
—
Country rice
.
.
. 16 ozs.
for each prisoner per day,
Wheat ata
.
.
.
. 10
„
Arhar dal
.
.
. . 6
„
Vegetables
.
.
. . 6
„
and equivalent to an intake of 17.07 grms. nitrogen daily is 56.96 per cent, or 9.71
grms. of nitrogen per day per man.
Contrast this result with the average nitrogenous metabolism of prisoners in
Buxar jail on Burma rice, in whose case only 52.36 per cent. of the nitrogen of
109
diet was absorbed or only 8.76 grms. nitrogen per man daily. This would
appear to support the view that prisoners who are given a free choice as regards
the quantity of rice they may eat—
(1) are able to consume much larger quantities of country rice than of
Burma rice, and
(2) that the protein of country rice is more easily absorbed than that of
Burma rice, when given in quantities of from 12 to 16 ozs. per man
daily to those who are accustomed to it and not to Burma rice.
We think that there is no doubt that both these conclusions are probably
correct. Among Bengalis on their 26 ozs. of dry rice per day the only place
where the full diet was eaten was at Puri, and the rice in use was grown locally
—this contrasts very markedly with what was found in the Presidency Jail,
Calcutta, where we gave up all hope of obtaining a constant consumption, even
for one week, of the full diet, the rice in use there being Burma rice.
Besides the actual experimental evidence that the protein of country rice is
more easily made use of and assimilated by prisoners in Bengal jails, there would
appear to be an interesting explanation, in the light of Pawlow's work on the diges-
tive glands, that such a result is only to be expected. The prisoners do not care
for Burma rice nearly so much as for the local product and freely state that it is
heating, filling and hard to digest, causing heart-burn and a feeling of heaviness
in the stomach. It is a type of rice different from what they have been accustomed
to live on, and there is no doubt that mental processes have a decided influence
over absorption from a more or less strange form of diet.
This influence of the mind on the secretion of the digestive juices has been
admirably worked out by Pawlow, and it very probably explains to some extent the
relative absorbabilities of the protein of Burma and country rice.
For the sake of clearness we might contrast the results obtained in Buxar
with Burma rice and in Bhagalpur with country rice, and see what other factors
should be taken into account.
In Buxar jail, we had
—
15 Behari prisoners, observed for one week, on a diet for each man composed
o f
—
Burma rice
. . 13.34 ozs.
= in N. 4.60 grms.
Wheat ata
.
. 10.00 „
=
„ 5.55 „
Different dals .
.
6.00 „
=
„
6.16 „
Vegetable
.
.
6.00 „
= „
.48 „
Total N. 16.79 „
Nitrogenous metabolism 8.76 grms. of N. per man daily.
110
In Bhagalpur jail we had
—
1 0 Behari prisoners, observed for one week, on a diet for each man composed
o f —
Country rice
.
.
. 16.00 ozs. = in N. 4.99 grms.
Wheat ata
.
.
. 10.00 „
=
„
5.61 „
Arhar dal
.
.
. 6.00 „
=
„
5.96 „
Vegetables
.
.
. 6.00 „
=
„
.48
„
Total N. 17.04 „
Nitrogenous metabolism 9.71 grms. N. per man daily.
The total difference in intake of nitrogen per day is 0.29 grm. in favour of the
Bhagalpur prisoners, but the difference in the amount of nitrogenous metabolism
is no less than 0.95 grm. per day, an amount greater than could be accounted for by
the difference of intake. This is very evident if instead of taking 1 man for 1 day
we look at the figures of 5 men for 5 days—
Difference in N. of intake = 7.67 grms. in favour of Bhagalpur.
„ „
metabolism =23.64 „ „ „ „ „
Therefore, with a difference in the nitrogen intake of 7.67 grms. we get a differ-
ence in the amount of nitrogenous metabolism of 23.64 grms. This can only be ex-
plained by a difference in the relative absorbability of the protein in the two types of
diet, and—eliminating the protein of wheat ata and vegetables as they were practi-
cally identical—the cause must lie in the protein of Burma rice and mixed dal as
compared with that of country rice and arhar dal.
It will be evident from a comparison of all the results obtained at these two
jails, that the protein metabolism of prisoners in Buxar jail was always on a lower
level than in Bhagalpur. The percentages of protein absorbed from the different
diets in Buxar jail were also lower than those obtained in Bhagalpur.
The reason of this lower relative and absolute protein absorption by the
prisoners of Buxar jail is difficult to explain. In all probability several factors.
combined to give the low results—
(a) The dals in use (as already pointed out) were of inferior quality, whereas
in Bhagalpur jail arhar dal alone was given and this is the form of
dal most in favour with the Behari ; so that here again mental
processes may have been in action.
(b) Burma rice, as we have seen, was not at all liked by the prisoners, and
they had not been long enough on this class of rice to have got
accustomed to it ; in the Presidency Jail, Calcutta, Burma rice has
been in use for over three years, so that the long term prisoners had
grown accustomed to its use.
112
(a) Buxar Jail.
(i) Investigations to obtain the different degrees of nitrogenous metabolism
on diets composed of Burma rice, wheat ata, mung dal and vegetables—all constituents
of the diets, except rice, remaining constant.
TABLE XI.
SCHEME OF DIETS.
CONSTANTS.
Burma rice
70 ozs.
Diet I.
Wheat ata
.
. 50 ozs.
„ „
63 „
Diet II.
Mung dal
.
. 30 „
+
„ „
60 „
Diet III.
Vegetables .
. 30 „
„ „
50 „
Diet IV.
„ „
40 „
Diet V.
Diet I.
Five Behari prisoners observed for five consecutive days on each diet.
BATCH X.
Quantity
of urine.
Total N.
of urine. Weight.
N. of
Burma
rice.
N. of
mung dal.
N. of
wheat
ata.
N. of
vege-
tables.
C. C.
Grms.
Lbs. Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Grms.
Five prisoners, Beharis
12,390
50.99
108
23.80
34.59
27.75
2.36
8,200
41.08
107.9
23.80
34.59
27.75
2.36
9,640
48.18
107.8
23.80
34.59
27.75
2.36
10,000 44.66
107.8
23.80
34.59
27.75
2.36
8,000
42.44
107.9
23.80
34.59
27.75
2.36
This was the only occasion in which even 70 ozs. of Burma rice were eaten.
Diet II.
BATCH X.
7,850
47.20
106.8
20.59
34.57
27.75
2.36
7,640
47.11
106.8
18.46
35.59
27.75
2.36
Five prisoners, Beharis
10,610 47.37
106.7
21.18
34.59
27.75
2.36
8,540
47.82
106.7
22 18
34.59
27.75
2.36
8,880
46.63
106.8
24.14
34.59
27.75
2.36
80 ozs. of Burma rice were offered in this diet but on an average only 63 ozs. were eat en.