SEPTEMBER, 1948]
JOHN
B.
POLDING
193
tion during the infections calving periods is used as the basis of a system of control. It appears that
the method may be of value in the semi-desert areas of India, at least.
The subsection on vaccination first records an examination of the behaviour of overseas vaccine
strains under Indian conditions. The bad keeping qualities of the vaccine are noted, and by means
of plate counts, the effects of extreme temperature variations in temperatures, and shaking on the
mortality of Brucella suspensions is investigated. Temperatures of upwards of 80°F. were found to
cause rapid death, variations of temperature had no obvious lethal effect, whilst shaking is undoubted-
ly the cause of a certain mortality. By means of several counting experiments, a substrate was
evolved for the vaccine that materially improved its keeping qualities in extreme conditions. Re-
commendations follow regarding the preparation, issue and application of the vaccine in the field.
The section concludes with a few notes on the early results of calfhood and adult vaccination in Indian
farms.
Section VIII. Other infectious abortion
In this section, attention is briefly called to infectious abortion other than Brucellosis. The
apparent absence of T. foetus from India is noted, as also the rareness of other abortifacient infections
such as Listerellosis. A new bacterium is described that may in some measure be concerned with
goat abortion.
Section IX. Non-specific abortion
Circumstances commonly leading to non-specific abortion are discussed in section IX. In the
zebu, such occurrences are thought to be rare and almost exclusively associated with systemic dis-
turbances such as fevers. To a much greater degree this also applies to the buffalo, in which animal
obscure epidemics of abortion are frequently noted, often associable with extreme rainfall. This
phenomenon is discussed at some length.
Both sheep and goats are very liable to abort as the result of systemic shocks and it is not im-
probable that the organism mentioned in section VIII, or some other undescribed microbe is the
cause of certain obscure epizootic abortions amongst goats in the Punjab.
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MGIPC—M—III-1-9-11-2-49—750.