NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
5. The highly satisfactory state of vaccination in the State of Sawunt
Waree, as alluded to in paras. 6 and 19, shows how much the individual
interest of an Officer can accomplish with even the smallest means. The
success of Vaccination in this district must be most gratifying to Colonel
Schneider, and commends itself to the notice of Government.
6. Dr. Pinkerton pronounces in para. 24 very favourably on the general
truthfulness of the returns, and there can be no doubt that malpractices
of this kind are now becoming rarer, owing to the searching tests employed
by Superintendents and others, to the interest taken in the success of Vac-
cination by the Civil authorities, and the general improvement which has
taken place in the working portion of the Department.
7. It is impossible at the present day to speak with any accuracy as to
the mortality arising from small-pox throughout the various districts of
the presidency. In para. 25, this disease is shown to have visited, sporadi-
cally or in the epidemic form, all the Circles, except in the Kattyawar Coun-
try, where, apparently, the dread of the disease, which prevailed in the
previous year, appears to have had the effect of causing parents to seek the
aid of the Vaccinators.
8. Inoculation is reported to have been practised not only in Sind,
but also, I regret to say, much closer to us, namely, in the Surat Zillah,
where it is stated (para. 27) to be "almost continually practised." The two
Native States of Bunsda and Dhurmpoor are noticed as never having had a
Vaccinator within their boundaries. It is stated that from these two States
the Inoculators enter the Zillah. The remedy here would appear to be to
interest these Chiefs in the subject, to have some of the Inoculators, if pos-
sible, taught Vaccination, and then to entertain them as Vaccinators.
9. The prevalence of small-pox in the City of Bombay has been fre-
quently noticed, and the introduction of a Vaccination Act is certainly most
plainly called for; the subject of such an Act has been frequently before
Government, and may be said to be now under advanced consideration.
10. The addition of five Vaccinators under Native States, namely, two
by the Jam of Nownuggur, two by the Nawab of Joonagur, and one in the
Sunkeira Mewas in the Rewa Kanta, and seven entertained by Municipa-
lities, namely, Sangolee, Nassick, Indapoor, Bagulkote, Kulladgee, Panwell,
and Malseerus is a most pleasing feature of the Report. I venture to think
that an acknowledgment to the Chiefs and Municipalities, who have thus
come forward, would be advantageous to the interests of Vaccination.
3
11. Vaccination paid for by Local Funds in Sind, calls for considera-
tion, so successful has it proved; and I consider the Superintendent
General's suggestions, as set forth in his para. 23, as worthy of consideration,
when the Local Fund Act is brought into operation.
12. The state of the lymph in use throughout the Presidency is favoura-
bly reported on. Supplies have been received in Bombay and Aden from
England. At the latter place, Vaccination has progressed satisfactorily, and
numbers of manumitted slaves have enabled the Medical Superintendent
there to keep up a full supply.
13. The change recommended by Dr. Pinkerton in his para. 36,
namely, that on the 1st of next January, the Sattara Zillah should be trans-
ferred to the Central Circle (Mahratta-speaking,) from the Southern
(Canarese-speaking,) and Kulladgee Zillah to the Southern Circle from the
Central, to which it at present belongs, should in my opinion be carried
out.
14. I would beg to state in conclusion that this, the first report of the
Superintendent General, gives evidence that his appointment will be fol-
lowed by much good in the Department, and I cordially endorse his
commendatory remarks on the several Medical Officers mentioned in his
para. 35. Since the Report was penned, I regret to state that the death of
one of these, described as a most promising officer, (Assistant Surgeon
Ffolliott) has been reported.
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient Servant,
A. WRIGHT,
Inspector General, Indian Medical Department.
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION THROUGHOUT THE BOMBAY
PRESIDENCY AND SIND,
FOR THE YEAR 1868.
This is the first Annual Report submitted by the Superintendent
General of Vaccination.
2. The report consists of—
Divisions of the Report.
1st.—A statement of the general working
of the Vaccination Department :
2nd.—Extracts from the reports of Superintendents of Vaccination,
Civil Surgeons, and others ; and
3rd.—Tabulated figured results.
Showing the composition of
the Vaccination Department and
source of Vaccine Returns.
3. The Vaccination department proper
consists of 1 Superintendent General, 8 Su-
perintendents, 134 Vaccinators, 1 English
Writer, and 136 Peons.
Besides the above there are 18 Vaccinators employed under Civil Sur-
geons, and 4 under Staff Surgeons, some of whom have Peons to assist them
and some have not. Within the last few years a number of Municipalities
have entertained Vaccinators. Many Native States also maintain Vaccinators.
Vaccination is also carried on at Charitable Dispensaries and in Regiments.
I shall shortly notice the working, &c., of all those from whom I have received
returns.
Changes.
4. The appointment of Superintendent General of Vaccination in the
Bombay Presidency was filled up, for the first
time, on the 22nd April 1868, but the appoint-
ment was sanctioned by the Government of India in their Resolution No. 7174,
( iv )
dated 18th November 1863, and again confirmed in their Resolution No. 3378,
dated 31st October 1868. The office establishment of the Superintendent
General was sanctioned by the Government of India's Resolution, No. 2924,
dated 20th October 1868. The pay of the Peons has been raised in the
Presidency Circle from Rs. 7½ to Rs. 10, and in the other Circle by one
Rupee per mensem, pending the revision of the Vaccination Department, the
proposal for which is now before the Government of India.*
Superintendence.
5. The superintendence has been a good deal interfered with on account
of the exigencies of the service, promotion, and
sickness, as shown in the table below:—
Circles.
No.
1
2
3
4
Name.
Central .......
Southern ...
Western .......
Northern....
Superintendents.
Bank.
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Do.
Surgeon ............
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Surgeon ............
Surgeon Major.
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Uncovenanted
Service.
Name.
P. S. Turnbull,
M.D.
E. H. Langley,
A.B.
T. Miller, M.D.
J. Raby
H. Day, M.D...
H. Pitman ......
H. J. Blanc,
M. D.
T. Cody ..........
M. B. Colah
M.D.
REMARKS.
Was absent in Abyssinia and
took charge on 1st July, and
held it till 21st November, after
which he proceeded to Europe
on sick leave.
Officiated from 1st January to
1st July.
Do. from 21st November to
the end of the year.
Took charge on 19th August.
Officiated 3 months.
Do.
4½ do.
Was a prisoner in Abyssinia,
and after release went to Eu-
rope. He has never yet taken
up his appointment.
Officiating since 14th Octo-
ber.
Acting throughout the year.
† Since going to press the revision has been sanctioned by the Government of India.
( v )
Circles.
No.
5
6
7
8
Name.
Sind
Kattiawar ...
Rewa Kanta.
Presidency..
Superintendents.
Rank.
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Surgeon ............
Surgeon Major.
Do.
Surgeon ...........
Assistant Sur-
geon.
Sub-Assistant
Surgeon.
Name.
J. Ffolliott .........
J. Pinkerton,
M.D.
J. Gilbert .........
M. Style .........
E. R. Butler,
M.D.
J.
T. Welsh,
M.D.
Anunta
Chan-
droba.
REMARKS.
Took charge on the 25th
August.
Held charge from the 1st
January to 22nd May.
Officiated from 22nd May to
7th August.
Do. from 7th to 25th August
In charge the whole year.
Do.
Do.
6. In the Central Circle the Superintendent, Dr. Turnbull, for the first
half of the year was on military duty with the army in Abyssinia, and in his
absence Assistant Surgeon Langley carried on the office work, and also
inspected some work done in the neighbourhood of Poona; he could not do
more, as he held charge of H. M.'s 24th Regiment N. I., and could not absent
himself from Poona camp. On returning from Abyssinia, Dr. Turnbull
again took up his appointment on the 1st July, and carried on active
superintendence until November, when he was compelled to proceed to
Europe on account of ill-health, and the office duties were conducted by
Dr. T. Miller, H. M.'s 4th (Rifles) N. I., until relieved by Assistant Surgeon
Gordon on the 26th January 1869.
7. In the Southern Circle Surgeon Day resigned the appointment of
Superintendent of Vaccination late in 1867, but continued to carry on the
office work for the first three months of 1868. On his Regiment, 5th N. L. I.,
proceeding to Abyssinia, he handed over charge of the office to Surgeon
Major Pitman, who officiated for about four months and a-half, until relieved
by Assistant Surgeon Raby, who was appointed Superintendent on the 19th
August. There was no active superintendence in this Circle until November
( vi )
Neither Dr. Day nor Surgeon Major Pitman could travel in the districts,
as they each held charge of a Regiment in Belgaum. In consequence of
the number of Jagheerdars' and Municipalities' Vaccinators, no Circle
demands closer or more energetic and systematic superintendence than the
Southern.
8. In the Western Circle there was no active superintendence until
Assistant Surgeon Cody took up his acting appointment. For some years
past this Circle was divided between the Superintendents of the Central and
Southern Circles, and as regards regular superintendence has been almost
entirely neglected, except as regards the State of Sawunt Waree, which forms
a part of this Circle. In it the Political Superintendent, Lieutenant Colonel
Schneider, has taken great pains to spread vaccination, and under his foster-
ing care, vaccination has made great progress. When I was in the State,
I examined two large schools, and this is the result:—
Local Corps School .................
Total...
73 vaccinated.
2 not vaccinated.
2 doubtful.
77 Pupils.
No. 1 Maratha School .................
Total...
96 vaccinated.
1 had small-pox.
1 doubtful.
1 inoculated.
99 Pupils.
In the Sawunt Waree State there is only one Vaccinator, but he has
three Peons who vaccinate under his supervision; this plan seems to work
very well, and though in our territory this system of having Peon-Vaccinators
has been long abolished, yet I was so well pleased with what I saw, that I
did not suggest any change to Colonel Schneider.
9. In the Northern Circle the superintendence under Dr. Colah was
continuous.
10. In Sind there were several changes on account of my promotion to
be Superintendent General. From May to August Surgeon Gilbert carried
on the office work, and Surgeon Major Style also officiated for a portion of
( vii )
August. Mr. Ffolliott took up the appointment on the 25th August, and
commenced active superintendence about the middle of September.
11. In Kattiwar, Rewa Kanta, and Presidency Circles, the superintend-
ence was uninterrupted.
12. The success of the Bombay system of vaccination depends in a great
measure on steady and active superintendence. I know that the changes
which occurred during last year were unavoidable, and I need do no more than
express a hope that Superintendents will not be withdrawn from their vac-
cination duties except under very pressing emergencies : and when, from any
cause, a Superintendent has to leave his appointment, I trust his place will
be filled up as soon as possible.
Recommendations for improving
the Department which were laid
before Government during the
year.
13. Since I was appointed Superintendent General of Vaccination, the
Inspector General Indian Medical Department
directed me to draw up in separate papers, for
submission to Government, several recommen-
dations for the improvement of the Vaccination Department, which had been
previously laid by Dr. Arnott before Government in the last report, and
which I may here put on record:—
1st.—It was recommended to place the Superintendents on the same
footing as Regimental Medical officers as regards their pay. This
was sanctioned by Resolution of the Government of India No. 1054,
dated 24th February last.
2nd.—It was recommended to increase the pay of the Vaccinators and
Peons. This has also been provisionally sanctioned by this Govern-
ment's Resolution No. 832, dated 6th April last.*
3rd.—It has been recommended to grant to all itinerant Vaccinators and
the Peons of the Superintendent General and Superintendents
travelling batta. This is still before Government.
These improvements in the pay, &c., of Superintendents, Vaccinators, and
Peons will do much to improve the Department. The Superintendents will
now feel that they do not lose pay by remaining in the Department and will
thereby be induced to remain content and to work well in it. The Vaccina-
* This has received the sanction of the Government of India which was made known by
Resolution of this Government, No. 1035, dated 28th April 1869.
( viii )
tors who have never before been well paid, will, I feel well assured, be
grateful for the increase of pay, and will now value their places too well to
carelessly risk the loss of them; previously many of them looked on dis-
missal from the service as little or no punishment at all. The pay of the
Peons having now been put on the same footing as that of Peons in the
Revenue department, they also will remain content and not constantly seek to
leave the Department. In some of the Circles it was becoming difficult to
get Peons on the old rate of pay. I no longer apprehend any difficulty in
obtaining good men to fill the places of Peons.
I can scarcely express how great a satisfaction it is to myself and the
Superintendents that Government has so liberally and readily granted the
above boons, and I trust the Department will show by results that the liber-
ality of Government is duly and thankfully appreciated.
Number Vaccinated.
14. Notwithstanding the broken and irregular supervision by Superin-
tendents, there was again an increase in the
number vaccinated by the Circle Vaccinators
in 1868, as compared with 1867, or any preceding year. This I consider very
satisfactory.
Working in Government Circles.
15. There has been an increase in the numbers vaccinated by Govern-
ment Vaccinators in the Central, Southern,
Northern, Sind, and Kattiawar Circles, and a
decrease in the Western, Rewa Kanta, and Presidency. The increase and
decrease in each Circle is here shown :—
1st.
2nd.
3rd.
4th.
5th.
6th.
7th.
8th.
Central...........
Southern..........
Northern...........
Western...........
Sind
Kattiawar ........
Rewa Kanta .......
Presidency ......
Increase
Increase.
495
2,983
2,921
.......
5,038
2,694
........
14,131
5,467
8,664
Decrease.
.......
.......
.......
4,779
........
........
460
228
5,467
( ix )
This increase is valuable, as it shows that the Government Vaccinators
try to maintain and even exceed the amount they have hitherto annually
done, and I hope it also shows that vaccination is being more appreciated.
The number of the Government Vaccinators was the same as in the
preceding year. The greatest increase was obtained by the Native Chiefs'
Vaccinators, as shown below, in their Circles :—
1st.
2nd.
3rd.
4th
5th.
6th.
7th.
8th.
Central ..........
Southern ..........
Northern ..........
Western ...........
Sind ..............
Kattiawar ...........
Rewa Kanta .........
Kutch
Increase .......
Increase.
..
4,117
2,527
..
..
6,977
1,724
..
15,345
1,496
13,849
Decrease.
66
..
..
925
424
..
..
81
1,496
This is a great increase, and the credit is chiefly due to the Kattiawar
and Southern Circles; but there was an increase of at least five Native Chiefs'
Vaccinators in 1868.
Causes of the increase.
16. The reasons given by Superintendents for the increase in Govern-
ment establishments are : in the Southern and
Northern Circles the prevalence of small-pox
inducing the people to seek after vaccination, and increased industry of the
Vaccinators themselves, called forth by the presence of small-pox in several
portions of the Circles. In Sind, the Superintendent attributes it to the im-
migration into Sind of unprotected persons from neighbouring States on
account of the famine, who submitted themselves to be vaccinated ; and he
fears that next year the number may not be maintained. No reason is given
for the increase in Kattiawar, and the Superintendent thinks that the estab-
lishment is not likely ever to do more, or much more, work annually, than
was done in the year under report. I apprehend that the reasons of the
great increase in Native Chiefs' establishments are—1st, increased efficiency
of the Vaccinators; 2nd, presence of small-pox, and a better system of work-
ing ; and the same remarks apply to Municipal Vaccinators and Dispensary ;
and 3rd, increased number of Native Chiefs' Vaccinators.
2 vac
( x )
Causes of decrease.
17. The decrease in the Rewa Kanta (460) and Presidency Circles
(228) is too small to be attributed to any par-
ticular reason; on the other hand the decrease
in the Western Circle is large, 4,779, and is explained by the Superintendent
in this way :—" To account in some measure for this decrease, I may say that
one of the Vaccinators, General No. 38, Babajee Yadew, performed fewer oper-
ations by 2,000 this year than in the preceding year. Again, I had to take
away another of the men from his work to join my office, and consequently
the total is less by the amount of work he would have done in the two last
months of the year."
18. The greatest increase was in the Kattiawar Circle, and the greatest
decrease in the Western Circle. While I consider that Dr. Butler deserves
all credit in Kattiawar for such a good year's work, I do not think Assistant
Surgeon Cody responsible in any way for the decrease in the Western Circle,
as he only held charge of that Circle for about two months at the end of the
year, and I have no doubt that in the next report the Western Circle will
hold a higher place.
Relationship between Superin-
tendents of Vaccination and
Native States' Vaccinators.
19. Government has decided that the relation between Superintendents
and Native Chiefs' Vaccinators shall remain as
before with two exceptions (of minors whose
territories are administered by our officers). I
confess that it is difficult to see how to alter the relationship or degree of su-
perintendence over Native Chefs' Vaccinators, and in one instance at all events
I should be sorry to see it altered; I allude to Sawunt Warree: as long as the
personal influence of Lieutenant Colonel Schneider exists in that state, no change
could be an improvement, but rather the reverse : but the worst of this is that
Lieutenant Colonel Schneider's influence for good is only personal; were he
to go, matters would probably be as they are in most other States. As regards
some other States I am not quite sure but something could be done to improve
matters, anyhow the evolution of time alone will show what changes are re-
quired and suggest the remedies. I do not feel at present equal to suggest-
ing any comprehensive changes, and prefer to wait until from experience I
know the needs and wants of each State. In paragraph 22 I will make two
suggestions in regard to Vaccinators of Native States and Municipalities.
List of Native States' Vaccina-
tors.
20. As there have been some changes in the numbers of Vaccinators
employed by Native Chiefs, I give a list showing
by Circles, the Native Chiefs who maintain Vac-
cinators, and the number of Vaccinators kept
by each Chief:—
( xi )
Name of Circle.
Central
„
Southern
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
Western ............
„ ..............
Northern
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
Sind
Kattiawar ...............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
„ ..............
Name of Chief.
Raja of Aukulkote ........................................
Begum of Peint ...........................................
Jagheerdar of
Bhore..............
„
Attapadee
„ Jhutt .................
„ Phulton ..............
„ Sanglee ..............
„
Koorundwar
„
Meeraz
„ Jumkhundee ..............
„ Ramdroog .............
„ Moodhole .........
„ Veshalghur ..............
„ Echulkurnjee ........
„ Kagul
„
Bourah
„ Torgul
„
Auzara
Under Political Agent in 4
Petahs
Sattara
Zillah.
Belgaum
Zillah.
Kol apoor State.
Sawunt Waree State .................................
Jowar State ...................................
Dehwan of Pahlunpoor ................................
His Excellency the Nawab of Radanpoor..
Chiefs of Tharrud, Deodur, Wao, Teh-
warra, Warriye, Santulpoor, Charchut,
Sooegaum and Morewarre ..................
Paid out of Fine Fund by Political Super-
intendent .................................
His Excellency the Maharaja of Edur .......
Talookdars of Mahee Kanta ....................
His Excellency the Nawab of Cambay ...
His Excellency Meer Ali Moorad of
Khyrpoor ................................
Thakore of Bhownuggur .......................
Nawab of Joonaghur .......................
Jam of Noanuggur ...........................
Thakore of Goondul ....................
„ Morevee .......................
Carried over.....
Number of
Vaccinators
maintained in
1868.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
8
6
4
3
1
22
Total.
2
22
2
12
1
39
( xii )
Name of Circle.
Kattiawar—(cont).
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
Rewa Kanta
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
„ ......................
Kutch ..................
Name of Chief.
Brought over
Thakore of Limree ..............................
19 Chiefs of Jaitpoor
Rana of Porebunder ..........................
Thakore of Wullah
Raj of Drangudra
Thakore of Lukhtur ..........................
3 Chiefs of Bantwa ..........................
Thakore of Wudwan ..........................
„
Rajkote
„ Jhusdun ..........................
4 Chiefs of Bujjana, Dussara, Wunode and
Jeegoovara ...................................
3 Chiefs of Joonaghur, Deedan and Jaffera-
bad
Raja of Rajpeepla
„
Chota Oodeypoor
Nawab of Balasinore and Raja of Loona-
warra ...............................................
Raja of Soonth and Thakore of Kuddana..
Barrea Tribute .................................
His Highness the rao of Kutch .............
Total .......
Number of
Vaccinators
maintained in
1868.
22
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
3
......
Total.
39
35
6
3
83
States.
The entire expenditure of these Vaccinators is disbursed by the Native
There is an increase of at least 5 Native States' Vaccinators.
21. The following is a list of the Municipalities which employed Vac-
cinators during 1868 :—
CENTRAL CIRCLE ............... Poona .....................................
Ahmednuggur ...........................
Sholapoor ..............................
Barsee .....................................
Punderpoor .............................
Beejapoor ..........................
Barramuttee ..........................
Sangolee .............................
Nassick .....................................
Carried over...
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10