NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
MYSORE DIVISION.
STATEMENT No. IX.
Mortality as influenced by Age.
Under 20 years.
20 to 24.
25 to 29.
30 to 34.
35 to 39.
40 and
upwards.
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
S t r e n g t h .
D e a t h s .
576
3
1,110 17
794
14
1,046
9
1,051
24
1,389
31
Ratio per Mille of
Deaths to Strength.
5·20
15·31
17·63
8·60
22·83
22·31
Compared with the four previous years the figures are
—
1873
...
...
7·81
5 · 2 4
12·83
9·49
10·58
11·84
1874
...
...
3·16
8·57
2·39
15·12
8·04
3·64
1875
...
...
4·37
1·57
9 · 6 3
6·61
12·79
22·90
1876
...
...
5·20
15·31
17·63
8·60
22·83
22·31
The averages of these four years, and the actuals of 1877, are given in antique and plain
figures for comparison:—
Averages for
1873,
1874, 1875, & 1876.
Actuals for 1877
...
5.13
7.67
1 0.62
9.95
13.56
15.17
5.20
15.31
17.63
8.60
22.83
22.31
The tables in this statement show that the mortality has been lowest, below the age of 20,
and between 30 and 34.
It appears that the ratio of mortality has been higher at all the periods selected, except
between 30 and 34 in the year just elapsed, than the average of the four preceding years.
STATEMENT No. X.
Vaccination.
N a t i v e T r o o p s .
Re c r u i t s .
Re c r ui t Boys .
Non-comba-
tant Men.
Women.
Children.
Not exceeding
6 Months.
6 Months to
14 Years.
Aggregate Strength
...
...
...
4,796
429
298
1,966
5,586
794
5,821
Number bearing marks of successful
vaccination.
3,014
254
196
1,099
2,745
575
4,445
Number bearing marks of previous
small-pox.
1,599
145
88
603
1,215
93
7 4 7
Do.
unprotected byeither of above.
134
30
14
265
1,424
350
405
Do.
of cases of small-pox in 1877.
19
...
4
4
20
13
92
Do.
of absentees included in
strength of whom there is no in-
formation on above point.
19
...
...
... ... ...
...
Ratio per Mille of Strength.
Protected by previous small-pox or
vaccination.
968.09 930.06 95.02
865.71
708.91
841.31
891.94
Unprotected by previous small-pox or
vaccination.
27.94 69.93 46.98
134.79
254.92
440.81
69.57
Nuisanee.—None.
Nuisance.
Water-supply.
Diet.
Clothing.
Foot soreness.
Duty.
73
MYSORE DIVISION.
30th Regiment Native Infantry.
STATION—FRENCH ROCKS.
Arrived from Thayetmyo, 11th February and 20th March 1869.
Average strength
. . .
. . .
. . .
...
...
. . .
... 707
Do.
do.
present
...
. . .
. . .
...
...
. . . 618
Admissions
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 506
Daily sick
...
...
. . .
...
...
...
. . .
...
13
Deaths in hospital
. . .
...
...
...
...
...
...
16
Do. out of do.
...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
1
Pensioned
...
...
...
...
. . .
...
. . .
. . .
15
Sick leave
...
...
. . . ...
...
. . .
. . .
. . .
3
The following return shows the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years :—
Years.
Stations.
Rate per Cent. of
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths. Pensioned. Sick Leave.
1874
. . .
French Rocks
. . .
34.20
1.14
.28
. . .
. . .
1875
...
Do.
. . .
49.68
1.26
1.00
1.57
.42
1876
. . .
Do.
...
53.02
1.75
1.06
.13
.26
Average ...
45.63
1.38
.78
.56
.22
1877
... French Rocks
. . .
81.87
2.10
2.40
2.12
.42
The following officers were in medical charge of this corps during the year,
Surgeon H. M. G. Archdall,
S u r g e o n T . H . A l l i s o n , M . D . ,
the latter of whom reports as follows :—
Climate of the station.— During the past year the climate has been remarkable for a great
deficiency of rainfall, no rain having fallen until the middle of September, and again ceasing
at the 1st of November ; in consequence of this the temperature was high during the greater
part of the year.
Ventilation and drainage of the men's huts,&c.— The ventilation in the barrack guard-room
is sufficient to ensure the air being pure. The ventilation of the men's huts is altogether by
the doors and spaces between the tiles on the roof, and is generally sufficient, except when a
large number of people are living in one hut. The drainage is by small channels in front of the
huts ; from these there must be a good deal of soakage, and so the soil about the huts must be
contaminated. V-shaped drains would be of great benefit.
Climate of
the station.
Ventilation
and drainage
of the men's
huts, &c.
Water-supply.—Although the rainfall has been deficient, yet the water-supply has always
been sufficient, and the quality is excellent.
Diet.—The prices for all sorts of provisions have been very high, but they have always
been obtainable. The troops have received compensation during the whole year.
Clothing.—The clothing generally has been sufficient for warmth, but it does not seem
to be well adapted for a sepoy.
Foot soreness.—Cases of foot soreness are frequently seen, caused by wearing bad boots
without socks.
Duty.—The duties consist of a small number of guards and parades in the morning from
6-30 to 7-30. These parades must be rather beneficial to health. Average number of nights
in bed per week 6.3.
Drill.—The drill takes place daily (except Thursday) in the cold season between 6-30 and
8 A.M., and in the hot season between 6 and 7 A.M. This amount of drill I consider beneficial
to health. No recommendations.
Drill.
19
Clothing.
Foot soreness,
Duty.
Drill.
Vaccination.
Epidemic.
Hospital
ventilation.
75
CEDED DISTRICTS.
year the troops have been, I fear, unable to provide themselves (together with their families)
with sufficiently nutritive and varied diet to maintain a good standard of health.
Clothing.—No change in the clothing of the troops has been made during the year, and
none has been recommended.
Foot soreness.— Cases of foot soreness occur after each relief on account of the march from
the French Rocks.
Duty.— The amount of duty has no injurious effect on their health. The average number
of nights in bed has been 51.
Drill.—Tri-weekly parades in the early morning ; they exert no injurious effects on health.
Vaccination is carried out at the head-quarters; none here. No cases of small-pox have
occurred.
Epidemic.— There has been no epidemic.
Hospital ventilation fairly good ; no overcrowding.
Hospital
drainage.
Hospital
water-supply.
Hospital drainage.— No separate latrine for hospital. The earth sewage has been
efficiently carried out.
Hospital wuater-supply.—No separate water-supply for the hospital. (Vide answer to query
Water-supply.
General conclusions.—The health of the detachment has been fairly good.
General
conclusions.
Deputy Surgeon-General P. G. FitzGerald, M.D., inspected this detachment
on the 27th November 1877 and reports as follows :—
Conservancy.
Conservancy.—The neighborhood is clean, and both barracks are situated in open spaces,
which removes them to a convenient distance from the Native houses.
CEDED DISTRICTS.
Average strength
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 1,697
Do.
do.
present
... ... ...
...
...
... 1,633
Total admissions
...
...
...
... ... ...
... 1,850
Daily sic
...
... ... ... ...
...
...
...
6 4
Deaths in hospital
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
2 5
Do. out of do.
...
... ... ... ... ...
...
3
Pensioned
... ... ... ...
...
...
...
...
32
Sick leave
...
...
... ... ...
...
...
...
3 2
The following return shows the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years :—
Years.
Rate per Cent. of
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths.
Pensioned. Sick Leave.
1874
...
...
44.49
1.62
.57
2.31
2.36
1875
...
...
71.50
2.87
1.09
3.91
2.65
1876
...
...
5 7 . 7 7
2.92
1.38
3.55
1.32
Average ...
57.92
2.47
1.01
3.25
2.11
1877
...
...
113 . 28
3.91
1.64
1 . 88
1.88
The following corps were serving in this division on the 31st December
1877 :—
4th Regiment (Prince of Wales' Own) Light Cavalry.
21st
do.
Native Infantry.
27th
do.
do.
Water-supply excellent ; quality good.
Water-supply
Sanitary arrangements good.
Sanitary
arrangements.
Clothing sufficient and well adapted.
Clothing.
Foot soreness.
Duty.
Epidemic.
General
conclusions.
Climate of the
station.
79
CEDED DISTRICTS.
Conservancy —The conservancy of the lines and their neighborhood is supervised by a
havildar and 6 sepoys detached for that duty. There are 8 toties, 8 sweepers, and 2 carts for
conser vancy pur poses. The excr et a and r ef use f r om t he hut s and st r eet s ar e car t ed away t o a
distance and buried in pits. The lines are in a satisfactory condition on the whole as to
cleanliness and conservancy.
Conservancy.
Hospital. —The hospital is a new building on an excellent plan, and in a fine position.
Hospital.
2 7 t h R e g i m e n t
N a t i v e I n f a n t r y
STATION—BELLARY.
Arrived from Moulmein on the 8th March 1875.
Average strength
... ... ...
...
...
... ...
681
Do.
do.
present
... ... ... ... ... ...
655
Admission
...
...
...
...
...
... ...
... 802
Daily sick
...
...
...
... ...
...
...
...
25
Deaths in hospital
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
12
Do. out of do.
... ... ...
...
...
... ... ...
Pensioned
...
...
...
... ... ... ... ...
8
Sick leave
...
...
...
... ... ... ...
.....
11
The following return shows the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years :—
Years.
Stations.
Rate per Cent. of
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths.
Pensioned.
Sick Leave.
1874
... Moulmein
...
...
132 . 34
4
.
62
1
.
10
.
63
9
.
82
1875
... Bellary
... ...
103 . 68
3
.
82
1
.
30
4
.
84
3
.
53
1876
...
Do.
...
...
68.53
3.51
2.06
3.97
1.47
Average ...
101'51
3'98
1.48
3.14
4.94
1877
...
Bellary
...
...
122 . 44
3.81
1.76
1.17
1.61
Surgeons H. P. Esmonde-White and P. R. Martin, M.D., were in medical charge
of this corps during the year, the latter of whom reports as under :—
Climate of the station —Climate was very trying, owing to the failure of the rains in the
previous year. Famine prevailed with the usual sequel epidemic disease,
Climate of
the station.
Diet.—All provisions were at famine prices. Vegetables sufficient. The troops received
compensation on account of the dearness of provisions.
Diet.
Foot soreness did not prevail more than usual. Men affected were excused wearing boots
until the sores were completely healed.
Duty.—Ordinary guard mounting.
Epidemic. —No epidemic disease prevailed while the detachment was stationed at Kurnool.
General conclusions. —During the last six months the detachment served at Kurnool. There
were 218 admissions into hospital from all causes among the rank and file out of an average
strength of 305, which is equal to 142 per cent, per annum. The admissions were principally
due to ague and bowel-affections.
Climate of the station. —The south-west monsoon was later than usual, and when at last
the rain came down it was more abundant and lasted longer than in ordinary years. The
annual quantity of rain exceeded the average amount by 8 or 9 inches. Fever and bowel-
complaints were prevalent during the north-east monsoon season.
89 H Y D E R A B A D S U B S I D I A R Y F O R C E .
Magistrate to this office. Two cases occurred among the Native troops, and. two cases " modi
-fied" took place amongst the families of the sepoys.
The conservancy of the station generally, as well as that in the lines of all the regiments,
is very well carried out. The public latrines are now effectually cleansed, and a proper staff of
scavengers maintained. The streets in the native town are kept clean, and a system has lately
been introduced whereby the private latrines in native houses and all compounds and yards
will be periodically visited and cleansed by the Municipal scavengers.
1 s t R e g i m e n t R i g h t C a b a l r g .
STATION—SECUNDERABAD.
Arrived from Kamptee, 6th February 1873.
Average strength
...
...
...
...
... 316
Do.
do.
present
...
...
...
... 312
...
Admissions
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 235
Daily sick
...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
5
Deaths in.hospital.
...
3
Do.out of do.
...
...
...
...
....
...
Pensioned
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
Sick leave
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
The following returns show the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years :—
Rate per Cent. of
Years.
Stations.
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths. Pensioned. Sick Leave.
1874
... Secunderabad
...
46 07
1 96
.94
1.88
1 41
1875
Do.
...
...
54 95
1 48
98
2.94
98
1876...
Do.
57.60
1 38
. . .
...
45
Average ...
52 . 87
1.60
64
1 60
94
1877
... Secunderabad... 75 32
1.60
.94
31
63
Surgeon-Major J. McNeale Donnelly, M.D., was in medical charge of this corps
during the year and reports as follows :—
Climate of the station.—No unusual meteorological phenomena or climatic influences which
could have exercised any prejudicial effect upon the health of the regiment were observable
during the year.
Ventilation and drainage of the men's hats,&c.—Satisfactory.
Nuisance.—None.
Water-supply was from open wells and was sufficient and good.
Sanitary arrangements satisfactory, and no preventable causes of disease apparent.
Diet.—Provisions were very dear and vegetables scarce ; compensation was given. The
sepoys dieted themselves, but there is no room to suppose that their food was deficient either if
quantity or quality.
Clothing, suitable and sufficient.
Foot soreness.—None.
Duty was heavy, but by no means so as to exercise any bad effect upon health. 4.25
nights in bed weekly.
Drill.—The effect of such exercises was undoubtedly to promote health, both mental and
bodily.
23
Climate of
the station,
Ventilation
and drainage
of the men's
huts. &c.
Nuisance.
Water-supply
Sanitary
arrange men is
Diet.
Clothing.
Foot soreness.
Duty.
Drill.
90
MEDICAL AND SANITARY REPORT OF THE NATIVE ARMY OF MADRAS.
Vaccination
Epidemic.
Hospital
Ventilation.
Hospital
drainage.
Hospital
water-supply
general
conclusions.
Sanitary
condition of
lines.
Sanitary
condition of
all buildings
Conservancy.
Hospital.
Vaccination was carefully attended to, there being at the present time no unprotected
individuals in the regiment with the exception of three or four recruits just joined and a few
children too young for the operation as yet.
Epidemic.—None.
Hospital ventilation good ; no overcrowding.
Hospital drainage .—Everything under this head satisfactory.
Hospital water-supply, good and sufficient.
General conclusions.—The foregoing remarks point unmistakably to the sanitary and
hygienic conditions under which the year was passed as having been such as to leave, practica
-bly, little to be desired in the surroundings of the 1st Madras Light Cavalry to account satisfac
-torily for the high state of health the regiment has been so fortunate as to maintain during the
entire period that this report embraces.
Deputy Surgeon-General W. Williamson inspected this corps on the 1st Octo
-ber 1877 and reports as follows : —
Sanitary condition of lines.— The lines of this regiment are very clean and in good order.
The lines occupied by the horse-keepers, grass-cutters, and their families are clean and in good
order.
Sanitary condition of all buildings.—The public latrine for the unmarried men is an
uncovered enclosure, pucka built, and very cleanly kept. Excreta removed daily and buried at a
distance. Coal tar not in use. Private latrines in compounds of huts kept clean, ashes and
dry earth being used in all public latrines for horse-keepers, grass-cutters, &c., clean and in
good order.
Conservancy in the neighborhood of the lines and hospital is satisfactory.
Hospital.—No change has taken place in the hospital during the year ; it is very clean and
in good repair with ample accommodation for the sick ; the ventilation is excellent, drainage
natural.
1 s t R e g i m e n t N a t i v e I
n f a n t r y .
STATION—SECUNDERABAD.
Arrived from Thayetmyo on the 4th March 1875.
...
...
Average strength
•••
...
• • •
674
Do.
do.
present
...
...
...
650
Admissions ... ... ... ... ... 645
Daily sick
...
...
...
...
...
...
14
Deaths in hospital ...
...
...
...
12
Do. out of do.
...
...
...
...
3
Pensioned
...
...
...
...
...
28
Sick leave
...
...
...
...
3
The following return shows the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years :—
Rate per Cent. of
Years.
Stations.
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths.
Pensioned. Sick Leave.
1874
... Thayetmyo
...
...
55 . 36
1.89
2.07
.74
3 11
1875
... Secunderabad
...
80 . 91
2.48
1.47
3.40
3 55
1876
...
Do.
...
...
75 . 37
3.08
.86
3 17
1 29
Average ...
70 . 21
2 48
1.46
2.43
2 65
1877
... Secunderabad...
90 23
2 . 15
2.22
4.15
44
Hospitals
water-supply.
General
conclusions.
Sanitary
condition of
lines.
Sanitary
condition of
all buildings.
Conservancy.
Hospital.
96
MEDICAL AND SANITARY REPORT OF THE NATIVE ARMY OF MADRAS.
Hospital water-supply.—The water-supply to hospital has been sufficient and has been
carried out by bheesties.
General conclusions.— The health of the men has been on the whole fair, considering the
hardness and dearness of the season through which they had passed, the nature of the loca-
lities in which they have served (Sumbulpore and Saugor) before coming here, and the advanced
age at which many of them during the mutiny must have been enlisted. Ague accounts for the
greater number of admissions on malarialised constitutions. Bowel affections have always
been rife in Secunderabad, and this year were probably promoted by the nature of the food
with which the sepoy had or chose to feed himself.
Deputy Surgeon-General W. Williamson, M.D., inspected this corps on the 10th
October 1877 and reports as follows:—
Sanitary condition of lines.— No change has taken place in the lines of this regiment since
last year; the huts remain the same and are deficient both in point of size and ventilation.
Sanitary condition of all buildings.— The guard rooms, cells, and school rooms are clean
and in good order. There is a large public latrine to the north-west, and a smaller one to the
east of the lines; this latter is for the accommodation of the men on "guard"; both are in good
order and well conserved. Excreta removed daily to a distance and buried in trenches; there
are no cess-pools. The surface and refuse water from all the huts from the want of properly-
constructed drains sinks into the ground and renders the ground damp opposite each hut.
Conservancy.—The conservancy of the neighborhood is satisfactory.
Hospital.—No change in the hospital since last year; is at present being whitewashed and
undergoing other petty repairs.
NAGPORE FORCE.
Average strength
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
3,132
Do. do. present
...
...
...
...
...
...
2,856
Total admissions
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
2,812
Daily sick
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
77
Deaths in hospital ...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
18
Do. out of do...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
9
Pensioned
...
...
...
...
. . .
. . .
Sick leave
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
77
39
The following return shows the rates of sickness, deaths, and invaliding as
contrasted with previous years:—
Years.
Rate per Cent. of
Average Strength Present.
Average Strength.
Admissions. Daily Sick. All Deaths. Pensioned. Sick Leave.
1874...
...
84.63
2.47
.84
2.96
.87
1875 ...
...
82.46
2.53
.74
4.07
1.04
1876 ...
...
93.12
2.71
1.21
5.19
1.41
Average ...
86.73
2.57
.93
4 . 0 7
1.10
1877 ...
...
98.45
2.69
.86
2.45
1.24
The following corps were serving in this division on the 31st December 1877:—
2nd Regiment Light Cavalry.
35th
do,
Native Infantry.
8th
do.
do.
2nd
do.
do.
31st
do.
Light Infantry.
Deputy Surgeon-General J. R. Theobalds was in administrative medical charge
of this division during the year and reports as follo ws
98
MEDICAL AND SANITARY REPORT OF THE NATIVE ARMY OF MADRAS.
Hospital
clothing.
Hospital clothing I found generally very clean, good, supply abundant, and in many sta-
tions where the average daily sick is large more than is allowed by regulations.
Water.supply
Conservane:
Water-supply.—At all the stations there is an abundant supply of good drinking-water
except Raipur, and at that station in the hot season most of the wells run dry ; in the early
morning there is a small supply, when this is taken; all the other drinking-water required for
the day's comsumption is obtained from tanks. I would recommend that another well be dug
in these lines, and at the close of the hot season, when the wells are cleaned out, that each well
be deepened.
Conservancy.—During the year dust-bins have been built up in the lines at Sumbulpore and
Raipur, and I have again urged them to be put up in the 8th Regimental Lines at Seetabuldi,
Chanda, and Sironcha. More coin is required for carts to remove the urine and latrine-
washing water from the lines. At Raipur the ordure is buried in pits, at Hoshungabad in very
large trenches, at Sironcha it is thrown into open pits and not covered ; at all these stations
the ground is not cultivated. I have again urged that steps should be taken to carry out
the orders.
Diseases.
Diseases.—The following table shows the classes, &c., by which the admissions and the
deaths of the past year were caused, as well as those of the two previous years. The Europeans
are included :—
Years
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1877
1876.
1875.
Strength
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3,072.
2,946.
2,890.
Admitted. Died. Admitted. Died. Admitted. Died.
CLASS I .—General Diseases.
Sub-division A ...
...
...
...
...
1,415
1
1,445
11
1,182
3
Do.
B ...
...
...
...
. . .
155
5
159
6
209
5
Total ...
1,570
6
1,604
17
1,391
8
CLASS II .—Local Diseases.
1. Diseases of the nervous system
...
...
41
2
29
3
27
2
2.
Do.
eye ...
...
...
247
. . .
167
. . .
193
...
3.
Do.
ear ...
...
...
9
...
6
...
5
. . .
4.
Do.
nose
...
...
...
. . .
...
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
5.
Do.
circulatory system
9
2
2
1
8
2
6.
Do.
absorbent
do.
...
8
. . .
1
. . .
2
...
7.
Do.
ductless glands
...
. . .
. . .
...
...
...
...
8.
Do.
respiratory system
...
55
6
54
6
45
2
9.
Do.
digestive
do.
...
252
1
282
3
178
2
10.
Do.
urinary
do.
...
20
...
16
...
25
...
11.
Do.
generative do.
......
11
...
10
...
10
...
12.
Do.
organs of locomotion
...
11
...
14
...
19
...
13.
Do.
cellular tissue
... ...
64
...
50
...
54
...
14.
Do.
cutaneous system ...
265
...
251
...
210
...
Total...
992
11
882
13
776
8
CLASS III .—Conditions.
General debility ...
... ... ... ...
91
1
94
1
101
. . .
CLASS IV .—Poisons...
...
8
...
3
4
...
CLASS V.—Injuries.
2. Accidental...
...
...
. . .
232
1
218
...
183
...
CLASS VI.—Surgical Operations.
Not yet diagnosed
...
... ...
...
11
...
3
...
3
1
No appreciable disease
...
... ...
...
...
... ... ...
...
...
Grand Total ...
2,905
19
2,804
31
2,458
17