2
REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY
Menon and Khan Sahib Muhammad Oomar
Sahib.
2. Lymph production.— The total lymph
supplied to various bodies was enough for
2,414,935 cases, which is a little more than
in the last three years whose average is
2,300,000. The calves used in production
were 748, and the total lymph manufactured
was 21,269 grammes, which at a dilution of
1 in 7 is enough for 3,828,420 cases with
four insertions each. The production was
distinctly more economical than last year as
the average yield. per calf was 28.4 grammes
compared with 26.2 last year and an average
of 23.8 in the previous three years before the
second buffalo passage was introduced by
me two years ago.
3. Bacteriological tests.— As a routine, all
"cups" of lymph are tested qualitatively
and quantitatively for aerobic organisms,
qualitatively for anaerobic organisms and fur--
ther a guinea-pig inoculation test is done on
an anaerobic broth culture from three pooled
cups. At the time of issue, about 50 per
cent of the cups of lymph were bacteriologi-
- c a l l y s t e r i l e a f e w g a v e c o l o n y c o u n t s , b u t
in all cases they were well below the standard
of 5,000 colonies per c.c. as laid down in the
British Therapeutic Substances Act. To
further diminish extraneous bacteria, the use
of clove oil is being tried—the results are
reported in Part II.
4. Type of vaccination—Table II.— As
usual, primary vaccination formed little more
than half the total.
5. Results of primary vaccination
— T a b l e I I I —
T h e
c a s e s u c c e s s p e r c e n t a g e w a s
99.2 as compared with 98 last year and 96.7
year before last. The insertion success per-
- c e n t a g e w a s 9 6 . 4 a s a g a i n s t 9 1 . 6 l a s t y e a r
and 88 in the year before last. These
success rates are the highest on record for
this Presidency. In considering this it must
be remembered that, when success rates are
in the neighbourhood of 100 per cent, any
further advance can be made only with the
greatest difficulty. So the distinct advance
in both case and insertion success rates is
very gratifying, and particularly so when it
is remembered that in the last two years the
lymph issued in the main vaccination season
has been in a dilution. of 1-7 instead of 1-5
as was previously the case. While improve
- m e n t s i n t h e c o n t r o l o f v a c c i n a t i o n i n t h e
field have probably played their part in ob-
-taining the present good results, it is obvio
from these and from the higher yield per
calf that the potency of the lymph put out
has increased. I associate this with the
second buffalo passage for seed lymph which
I started two years ago.
6. Re-vaccination.—As seen from Table
the case success rate was 40.0 which is very
much better than the last year's rate of 32.8
per cent, and than 30.7 per cent the rate for
the year before last. This again is probably
associated with the increased potency of the
lymph.
7. Monthly vaccination success rates.
— T h e r e s u l t s f o r A p r i l a n d M a y w e r e t h e w o r s t
with insertion success rates of 93 and 93
. 7 p e r c e n t c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e g e n e r a l a v e r a g e
of 96.4 per cent for the year. This shows
the effect of hot weather in vaccination, but
even here it is to be noted that the case
success rates for these two months were above
98 per cent, so that vaccination can obviously
be done with success even in the hot
weather.
8. Lymph unaccounted for— The per-
centage of lymph unaccounted for in the
districts was only 4.4 as compared with 7.9
last year and 6.9 in the year before last.
This is a distinct improvement in field vacci-
nation work. The following districts showed
a percentage of over 10 :—
Tanjore (20.2), South Arcot (17.8), Viza-
gapatam (14.8), Kurnool (12.5), Cuddapah
(12.4) and Ramnad (12.0).
BACTERIAL VACCINES AND OTHER SUPPLIES
—
TABLE IV.
1. Autogenous vaccines.— Second Assist-
ant Director Civil Surgeon Rao Bahadur
T. Sitapati Ayyar has been in charge of this
section. The demand has been almost as
large as last year. Treatment with auto--
proteose derived from patients urine has been
extended during the year to cases of Psoriasis
and Purpura.
2. Prophylactic vaccines.— Military Assist-
ant Surgeon F. G. Martin. The demand
for cholera vaccine was much less than
last year. This is associated with the dimi-
- n i s h e d p r e v a l e n c e o f c h o l e r a . T h e d e m a n d
for other vaccines has been about the same
as in previous years.
3. Therapeutic vaccines.—Assistant Sur-
geon B. Timothy. There has been a small
increase in output as compared with last year.
B. pertussis vaccine was manufactured for
the first time and has met with some demand.
The demand for streptococcus vaccine derived
from cases of filariasis is still on the increase.
4. Cholera bacteriophage.— Assistant Sur-
geons R. Sanjiva Rao and S. R. Pandit.
While research here on Cholera Bacteriophage
has been going on for sometime, the manu--
facture of cholera bacteriophage for output
on a large scale was first taken up in April
1932 at the request of the Director of Public
Health, who wished to use cholera bacterio--
phage at the Pushkaram Festival. at Rajah-
mundry and at other festivals. His require--
ments were met by the Institute and also at
first by supplies kindly made by Dr. Asheshov
of the Bacteriophage Inquiry at Patna under