xi
was not continued, that these animals were found to be a failure. I have myself vac-
cinated or had vaccinated by an experienced Vaccinator no less than 10 kids. They all
failed. This may be due to some detail of technique, of which I am ignorant. But
in 1893, when staying in Abbottabad, I vaccinated a donkey, a buffalo-calf, a monkey and
a kid. Doctor Nelis kindly inspected the cases for me. As the kid was the only animal
that did not take, I came to the conclusion that it was not a very reliable animal to use as a
vaccinifer. However, I cannot help appreciating Surgeon-Captain Moir's work in Calcutta.
He has several times vaccinated kids successfully though he is unable to vaccinate one
kid from another. In my experiments on kids I used human, buffalo calf, lanoline and
vaseline lymph in turn, and both puncture and scarification with a scarifier were unsuccess-
fully tried. The children and buffalo calves, which were used to prove the efficacy of the
lymph, " took" in every case. The results therefore seem to me to be far from
encouraging.
Human lymph.
Only 609 operations were performed with human lymph, giving 94.11 per cent.
primary and 71.50 re-vaccinations successful. Human lymph is
being used less and less every year on account of its obvious dis-
advantages. But a few operations are still necessary for the purpose of " renewing " the
lymph when it begins to get weak, as it does, if it is only passed through buffaloes.
Inspections made by the
Deputy Sanitary Commis-
sioner.
4. The total number of inspections made by the Medical Officers who held the
post of Deputy Sanitary Commissioner during the year amount to
9,424 people. Of these 4,055 were people vaccinated by the
Special Staff, and the remainder by the District Staff. The details
of the former are given in the following table:—
TABLE No. II.
Inspections made by the Deputy Sanitary
Commissioner.
Name of inspecting officer.
Surgeon-Captain Dyson ...
„
Major O'Dwyer ...
„
Captain James ...
Total num-
ber
in-
spected.
142
523
3,390
Primary vaccinations.
6
96
429
2,474
5
19
25
193
4
10
10
122
3
6
13
125
2
5
8
57
1
8
2
27
0
3
36
108
Re-vaccinations.
3 or
more
...
...
177
2
...
.
35
1
...
...
14
0
...
58
NOTE.—One thousand eight hundred and sixteen males and 1,574 females, and in 665 cases the sex; is not
stated.
The reason why I have seen more vaccinations than the other officers, is that I was in
office during the cold weather, when the greater part of the vaccinations were performed.
Doctor Dyson was occupied during the summer months with experiments on kids and
other sanitary work, during which time he was unable to inspect vaccination.
The percentage of successes found by us was 96.10 for primary and 79.58 for
re-vaccination.
At the beginning of the cold weather I found many cases unsuccessful, due to
punctures being imperfectly made. Vaccination by scratches instead of punctures was then
tried, and the result was found much more satisfactory. I found that the Vaccinators'
returns were, on the whole, much more accurate than in the former year when I was
in the Department. I believe this is due to the supervision being much more thorough
now than formerly. Vaccinators are now inspected by the Sanitary Commissioner and
his Deputy, by Civil Surgeons (who have now more time for inspections), by the Divisional
Native Supervisors and by their own Supervisors. All this looking after has had a wonder-
ful effect in improving the work all round, and is certainly one of the most important
factors in good vaccination.
Dr.O'Dwyer, when in office, introduced a form of register kept by village authori-
ties, which is in use in the Jullundur district. It has this advantage over the old
registers, that, besides giving the names, &c., of the children vaccinated, it gives a few
details of the previous year's vaccination, and thus the inspecting officer is placed in a
better position to judge the vaccination from last year's standard.
Average cost of a suc-
cessful vaccination.
5. The average cost of a successful vaccination this year has been 4 annas 10 pies,
which is an increase of 3 pies on the previous year. This is due
to (1) the decrease of the number of vaccinations, (2) the pay of the
Deputy Sanitary Commissioner being greater this year than last
(when I served for nearly three months on officiating pay), and (3) the travelling expenses
of the Vaccinators having been much heavier, due to their having had to travel much
more this year, as shewn in paragraph 2.