NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
24
REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY
TABLE XII— cont .
Details of Specimens received for Examination, 1927-28, excluding the work of
investigation units and other research work —cont.
No.
Description.
Number
examined.
Number
positive.
Remarks.
39
Urine for microtilaria . . .
1
. . .
40
Do. for inoculation into animals for leptospira.
2
. . .
41
C. S. fluid culture for meningococcus . . .
41
1
42
C. S. fluid for Langes gold solution test . . .
70
35
43
C. S. fluid for differential count . . .
6
. . .
44
C. S. fluid for tubercle (guinea-pig inoculation).
4
. . .
45
Do. albumen, globulin, etc. . . .
34
. . .
46
Ascitic fluid for tubercle bacilli . . .
3
47
Do. cancer cells . . .
1
. . .
48
Culture and swabs for diphtheria . . .
62
2
49
Cultures from knee joint fluid . . .
3
. . .
50
Do. conjunctiva . . .
24
. . .
51
Do. pleuritic fluid . . .
1
. . .
52
Do. hepatic puncture . . .
1
53
Do. abdominal fluid . . .
2
. . .
B. Welcher . . .
1
B. Xerosis and gram nega-
tive Diplococei.
1
Anthrax . . .
1
Meningococcus . . .
1
54
Discharges, pus and other material for identifi-
cation of organisms . . .
72
33
Streptococcus . . .
8
Staphylococcus . . . 15
Diphtheroids and coli . . .
2
Diphtheroids and Strepto-
coccus.
2
B. coil . . .
1
B. Pyocyaneus . . .
1
55
Catgut for sterility test . . .
4
1
Not sterile . . .
1
56
Vaccine lymph from Vaccine Depot, Trivandrum,
for bacterial content . . .
3
. . .
57
Drug for Bacteriogiogical examination . . .
1 . . .
No coccidia could be found.
58
Pathological specimens for diagnosis of malig-
n a n c y . . .
56
40 Non-malignant . . . 16
59
Snakes for identification . . .
2
. . . Russell's viper and another
Hydropholus Nympha.
. . .
Total . . .
24,619 7 , 5 6 7
TABLE XIII.
Water Samples for 1927-28.
No.
Nature of examination.
Source of water.
Presidency
water
supplies.
Guindy
experimental
filters.
Kilpauk
experimental
filters.
Total.
1
Bacteriological and chemical . . .
541
288
1,780
2,609
2
Bacteriological only . . .
180
9
. . .
189
3
Chemical only . . .
34
12
322
368
4
For presence of vibrios only . . .
82
. . .
750
832
5
To determine dosage of alum and chlorine, etc. . . .
34
10
484
528
Total . . .
871
319
3,336
4,526
31
REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY
TABLE XIV— cont .
Railway Stations—cont.
No.
Source.
Dates of examination and results.
Remarks on supply.
47
Trichinopoly . . .
21 Oct. 1927 . . .
14 Mar. 1928.
Municipal supply.
Tap on the platform. (Munici-
pal supply.)
5 c.c. . . .
10 c.c. . . .
48
Villupuram . . .
9 May 1927 . . .
4 Jan. 1928.
Uniform and good.
Chlorination
efficient.
Tap on the platform . . .
5 c.c.
. . .
5 c.c.
. . .
Chlorinated water . . .
. . .
>60 c.c.
49
Vizianagram . . .
24 June 1927 . . .
8 Dec. 1927.
Municipal supply.
Tap on the platform. (Munici-
pal supply.)
1 c.c.
. . .
10 c.c
. . .
50
Waltair . . .
25 July 1927 . . .
9 Jan. 1928.
Bad. Systematic chlorination recom
-
mended.
Well near loco shed . . .
1 c.c. . . .
0.1 c.c. . . .
Well away from loco shed . . .
5 c.c.
. . .
0.1 c.c. . . .
Tap on the platform . . .
1 c.c. . . .
0.1 c.c. . . .
TABLE XV.
List of special water samples examined.
No.
Department.
Places from which samples taken.
1
Sanitary Engineer . . .
Water-supply investigations at Tiruvallur, Sembiam, Deva
-
kottah and British Cochin.
2
Local bodies—
(a) Nilgiri District Board . . .
Gudalur and Bukkatty water-supply scheme.
(b) Chittoor District Board . . .
Puttur Union Board.
(c) Hospet . . .
Tungabhadra River.
3
Public Works Department . . .
(i) Gunt ū r New Medical School water-supply.
(ii) Pykara Hydro-electric Project.
4
Agricultural Department . . .
Samples from water-supply to sugarcane breeding station.
5
States . . .
Pudukottah, Cochin and French India.
6
Missionary Institutions . . .
(a) American Advent Mission, Saidapet.
(b) Father Muller's Charitable Institution, Mangalore.
7
Malayan Emigration Depot . . .
Melapakkam.
32
REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY
TABLE XVI.
Chemical and Miscellaneous Analyses.
No.
Description.
Number of
samples
examined.
1
Bread . . .
60
2
Milk . . .
5
3
Buttermilk . . .
1
4
Butter . . .
4
5
Ghee . . .
6
6
Oil . . .
2
7
Dhall . . .
8
8
Rice . . .
1
9
Arrowroot flour . . .
1
10
Wheat flour . . .
1
11
Sago flour . . .
56
12
Tea (black gram husk) . . .
1
13
Cane sugar . . .
4
14
Trypsin . . .
1
15
Liquid paraffin . . .
1
16
"Perchloron" . . .
3
17
Boiler scales . . .
2
18
Metal parts for percentage of components . . .
2
19
Disinfectants for Rideal Walker Test . . .
13
Total . . .
172
TABLE XVII.
Sewage samples.
No.
Date.
Place.
Number of
samples
analysed.
Average
albuminoid
nitrogen
in parts
per 100,000
in Final
Effluents.
1
April 1927 . . .
Lady Willingdon Training College, Madras . . .
7
0.49
2
Do. . . .
Spur Tank Installation, Madras . . .
2
0.60
3
May 1927 . . .
14
1.62
Presentation Convent, Kodaikanal . . .
4
March 1928 . . .
9
0.57
Do. . . .
5
Do. . . .
Boyer Hall, Kodaikanal . . .
7
0.87
6
Do. . . .
6
0.80
High Clerc School, Koclaikanal . . .
7
June 1927 . . .
7
0.47
Madura Mills Co., Ltd., Madura . . .
8
March 1928 . . .
6
0.38
Do. . . .
9
June 1927 . . .
6
0.22
Evelyn Gardens, Kochadai, Maclura . . .
10
March 1928 . . .
3
0.18
Do. . . .
11
June 1927 . . .
4
0.23
Pasumalai Bungalow, Pasumalai, Madura . . .
12
Mar ch 1928 . . .
4
0.11
Do. . . .
13
Do. . . .
Pasumalai High School, Madura . . .
4
0.68
14
July 1927 . . .
Women's Christian College, Madras . . .
4
0.87
15
Do. . . .
2
0.44.
Women's Christian College Hostel, Madras . . .
16
September 1927 . . .
Carnatic Mills, Perambur, Madras . . .
6
0.78
17
Do. . . .
Buckingham Mills, do. . . .
6
0.70
18
Do. . . .
Waterton Estate, Madras . . .
6
0.16
19
May 1927 . . .
1
0.60
Cooum River near Spur Tank, Madras . . .
20
February 1928 . . .
11
0.21
Cooum River drawn at various points . . .
. . .
Do. . . .
1
3.2
(1) At Hutton's Bridge . . .
. . .
Do. . . .
1
0.37
(2) At Willingdon Bridge . . .
. . .
Do. . . .
1
0.63
(3) Near Medical College . . .
21
May 1927 . . .
Buckingham Canal, near Chepauk . . .
2
0.11
22
February 1928 . . .
Do. at various points . . .
11
0.14
Do. . . .
(1) Do. near Elephant Gate Bridge . . .
1
7.40
Do. . . .
1
0.64
(2) Do. near Moore Market . . .
Total number of samples analysed . . .
133
Gobernment of madras
LOCAL SELF–GOVERNMENT (PUBLIC HEALTH) DEPARTMENT
G.O. No. 1916, P.H., 18th September 1928
Administration Report—King Institute, Guindy—1927–28—Reviewed.
READ—the following paper : —
From the Surgeon–General, dated 28th July 1928, No. 1369–1–G1.
Order—No. 1916, P.H., dated 18th September 1928.
Recorded.
2 . M a j o r H . H . K i n g , M . B . B . S . ( L o n . ) , I . M . S . , w h o o f f i c i a t e d t h r o u g h o u t t h e
year as Director, was confirmed with effect from 12th April 1928. The post of
Public Analyst, which was on a temporary basis, was made permanent with effect
from 8th January 1928 and Mr. Herbert Hawley was confirmed in the post from
the same date.
3 . O r d e r s h a v e i s s u e d i n G . O . N o . 1 7 7 5 W . , d a t e d 1 8 t h J u l y 1 9 2 8 , r e g a r d i n g
the provision of furniture to the old serum section. The request of the Director
for the removal of the work relating to the storage and distribution of veteri–
nary sera from the King Institute should form the subject of a separate com
–
munication.
4. The desirability of continuing the passage of seed lymph during the hot
weather was further investigated and the results obtained confirmed the find
–ings of the previous year. It is therefore proposed to adopt this as a routine
procedure.
The total number of vaccine doses issued during the year was 2,211,795
against 2,323,521 issued during the previous year. The decrease in supply is
reported to be due to a fall in the demand from the Government of Bengal and in
the supply to “ other bodies ” generally. The Government are glad to note that
there was a reduction in the wastage of lymph issued to official and semi–official
bodies. The Government hope that with some more effort it will be possible to
bring down the wastage to 5 per cent of the total supply which is officially allowed.
The success rate of primary vaccination during the year under review
reached the record for Madras of 96.9 per cent, a fractional advance on the
percentage for the preceding two years. The insertion success rate was 89.2
against 87.6 per cent for the previous year. The Government are glad to observe
that the standard of success rates continued to be maintained and that there has
been a progressive improvement in the number of revaccinations done from the
year 1922 onwards, though there has been a fall in the success rates of revaccina
–tion during the last three years.
5. There was an enormous increase in the demand for cholera vaccine during
the year due to a widespread epidemic of cholera and to the making of cholera
vaccine a free supply. The total output for the year was 727,000 c.c. which is
No. 1916, P.H., 18TH SEPTEMBER 1928
3
purification, the percolating filter is said to be superior to the slow sand filter in
the matter of reduction of organic matter.
13. The Government are glad to record their appreciation of the efficient
manner in which the Director and his staff have carried on the work of the
Institute during the year and of the valuable assistance rendered to other depart-
ments and to the public generally, particularly when cholera was epidemic in
many parts of the Presidency.
(By order of the Government, Ministry of Public Health)
C. W. E. COTTON,
Secretary to Government.
To the Surgeon-General.
„ the Director of Public Health
.
„ the Sanitary Engineer.
„ the Director of King Institute (through the Surgeon-General)
.,, all Presidents of District Boards.
„ all Chairmen of Municipal Councils.
„ the Accountant-General.
„
the Inspector of Municipal Councils and Local Boards.
„
the Inspector-General of Prisons( through the Law (General)Department).
,, the Public Works and Labour Department.
„ the Law (General) Department.
„ the Revenue Department.
„ the Development Department.
„ the Agent, Madras and Southern Mahratta.Railway
„ the Agent, South Indian Railway
(with C.L.).
„ the Agent, Bengal-Nagpur Railway
„. the Quartermaster-secunderabad)Division (withC.L
.).secunderabad)Division (withC.L
.).
„
the Consul-General for Netherlands (with C.L.).
Editors' Table.
PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA.
THE BOOK COMPANY, Calcutta.
THE BURMA BOOK CLUB (LTD.), 240-A, Merchant Street, Rangoon, Burma.
BUTTERWORTH & Co. (LTD.), 6, Hastings Street, Calcutta.
R. CAMBRAY & Co., Calcutta.
The Superintendent, DIOCESAN PRESS, Vepery, Madras.
E . M. GOP AL AKRI S HNA KONE , P u d u ma n t a p a m, Ma d u r a .
H I G G I N B O T H A M S ( L T D . ) , M o u n t R o a d , M a d r a s .
V . K A L Y A N A R A M A I Y E R & C o . , V e l l a l a S t r e e t , V e p e r y M a d r a s .
R a o p u r R o a d ,
IP/25/KZ.5
SUPPLEMENT TO THE
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE OF
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE GUINDY, FOR 1927-28
BY
MADRAS
PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT GOVERNMENT PRESS
PRICE, 1 rupee 4 annas
CONTENTS.
PAGE
I. Introduction . . .
1
II. Malaria surveys of Mopad, Duttalur and Udayagiri in 1926 and 1927 . . .
2
III. Malaria surveys of Vizagapatam . . .
23
IV. Reports of the Sewage Analyst for the Water and Sewage Purification Com-
mittee, 1926-27 and 1927-28—
( a) Working of the sewage plant of the Engineering College, Guindy . . .
41
( b) Miscellaneous analyses . . .
4 8
(c) Ankylostome ova and larvae in sewage . . .
49
SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE KING INSTITUTE OF
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, GUINDY, FOR 1927-28.
INTRODUCTION.
Reports and papers that are of sufficient general importance are published by
members in current medical journals. Occasionally other reports of investiga-
tions carried out at the express wish of Government are published separately as
Government orders. In addition to these two classes of reports, there are many
other reports not of great general importance but of some local importance and
of sufficient general importance to merit publication. Hitherto there has been
no means of publishing such reports except as appendices to the Annual Report
of the Institute. Accordingly Government were asked to allow the publication
of a supplement to the Annual Report which they kindly sanctioned in G.O.
No. 640, P.H., dated 20th March 1928. Hence the publication of this first
supplement.
It is intended to publish as far as possible only complete reports. Thus
preliminary reports will usually not be published but will be held back until the
complete report has been made. To cut down expenditure in reproduction, plans
and diagrams and photographs included in the original reports will not be included
except when essential.
Malaria surveys of the Mopad area are published as a typical example of the
harm done by excessive irrigation in the absence of proper drainage. It is
useless to enrich the ryots by helping them to grow more rice and at the same
time to poison them with malaria.
Malaria survey of Udayagiri and Duttalur affords an interesting contrast
with Mopad and show the relation of malaria to rainfall and how an epidemic
can become severe enough to cause the infection of nearly 100 per cent of the
children present.
Malaria surveys of Vizagapatam harbour and town are included because of
the present and future importance of that area.
The opportunity is taken to publish a full report by the Sewage Analyst
working under the Water and Sewage Purification Committee.
KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY, FOR 1927-28
The first group of villages are those strictly within the Mopad area pre
-viously described. They lie between the main irrigation canal and the river
Maneru and further they are surrounded by irrigated fields. It will be noticed
that both the spleen rate and the parasite rate in this group are very high—the
parasite rate is particularly high when we remember that the children were
examined in a non-epidemic time as is suggested by chart I (not reproduced) and
as is shown to be the case by the nature of the parasites found.
The next group of villages are those which are outside the true irrigated
Mopad area (for revenue, etc., they are included in Mopad. They lie on higher
ground north of and close to the river Maneru and are not irrigated. It is
important to notice that these villages also show very high spleen rates and
parasite rates, as bad practically as those of the first strict Mopad group.
The third group consists of two villages immediately to the west of the
Mopad area ; the first Inimerla on ground draining into the Mopad reservoir, and
the second Nutssupoda on level ground, further west. Although these two
villages, of which the first alone was completely surveyed, also suffer from
malaria, yet their spleen and parasite rates are strikingly less than in the previous
two groups.
TABLE IIII.—The index of size of enlarged spleen.
Name of village.
Index of size of
spl een.
Remarks.
Mopad
..
..
7.6 c.m.
Group A.
Botlagudur
...
9.8 "
"
Kattakindipalli
7.5
"
"
Appamambapuram
8.7
"
"
Kambaladinne
8.5
"
"
Raghunathapuram
...
7.8
"
Group B.
Inimerla
..
8.5
"
Group C.
Table III gives the index of the size of enlarged spleens according to Chris -
pher's method for each village in the Mopad area. This index is a measurement
from the umbilicus and so the smaller the figure the larger is the spleen.
Chart III (not reproduced) shows the positions of the apices of the enlarged
spleens in the Mopad area. It is apparent that the great majority of enlarged
spleens were big and were nearer the umbilicus, than the coastal margin. The
facts suggest that malaria is hyperendemic in the area.
Adult spleen rate.—A certain number of adults were examined for enlarged
spleen and the results are given in Table IV.
TABLE IV.—The adult spleen rate.
Name of village.
Total number of
persons examined.
Percentage with
enlarged spleen.
1. Mopad ...
33
42.2
2. Botlagudur
...
35
34.3
3. Kattakindipalli
28
21.4
4. Appamambapuram
...
...
18
44 4
5. Kambaladinne ...
39
36
1. Raghunathapuram
.
22
45.5
2. Vakuvaluripalli
25
32
1. Inimerla
...
24
29.1
No importance is attached to this table because most of the healthy adults
were in the fields (it being harvest time for jonna and ragi) and it was only the
old and sick (proud of their spleens) who were left behind in the villages and who
were seen.
Variety of parasites.—The species of parasites found are given below :—
TABLE V.—The parasites found in the blood of children.
N a m e o f v i l l a g e .
Total number
of positives.
Malignant
tertian.
Benign
tertian.
Quartan.
Mopad
...
18.
13
5
. . .
Botlagudur
17
16
1
. . .
Kattakindipalli ...
27
23
4
. . .
11
KING INSTITUTE, GUINDY, FOR 1927-28
to be a great assistance in investigation to enlist the aid of the people by treating
them.
Table X which follows gives the spleen and parasite rates of several villages.
Since the Mopad area was well examined at the last visit, more attention was
paid this time to villages in the area around, in order to give an idea of the
prevalence of malaria in these parts where the conditions varied from those of
Mopad as regards some important details.
TABLE X.—Spleen-parasite rates in November and December 1926.
Children.
Adults.
-A_
Number
examined.
Spleen
rate.
PER CENT.
Parasite
rate.
PER CENT.
Number
examined.
Spleen
rate.
PER CENT.
Parasite
rate.
PER CENT.
Group A
—
Villages in the Mopad irrigated
area, Mopad
...
...
...
30
50
46.6
20
5
20
Group B
Villages near a river and practi
–
cally unirrigated
—
(1) Vakkuvalluripalli,
near
and north of the Manneru ...
10
60
40
10
30
30
(2) Dekhanur Madigapalaiyam
near the Vuppu Vagu
...
20
65
65
20
10
30
Group C—
Unirrigated villages in the slightly
elevated area, west of Mopad
—
(1) Inimerla ...
...
...
21
9.5
14.2
15
...
6.6
(2) Nuttsupoda
. ••
...
20
5
10
. . .
. . .
. . .
(3) Lakshminarasimhapuram
18
11
16.6
. . .
. . .
. . .
G r o u p D —
Villages in the Mopad canal exten-
sion area—south of the Pillaperu
Manneru river
—
(1) Potipalli ...
••.
...
27
7.4
17.5
...
...
...
( 2 ) I s k a d a m e r l a ...
...
15
13.3
26.6
...
. . .
. . .
(3) Tsallavaripalli (not irri-
gated)
... ...
...
22
9.1
9.1
...
. . .
. . .
In examining the table the rates for children are those which should be
considered as the most important. It is regretted that the numbers examined are
not larger. An inspection of Map III will assist the reading of the table. It will
be remembered that at the first visit malaria was found to be severe not only in
the irrigated Mopad area (group A), but also in unirrigated villages near and on
the other (the north) side of the Maneru river (group B). This was confirmed
by the autumn visit. Further malaria was found to be equally severe in the
village south of the Mopad area on the next river the Vuppuvagu. The first
portion of the area (group D) controlled by the Mopad canal extension south of
the aqueduct across the Pillaperu Maneru River was also visited and it was found
that there was much less malaria than in the Mopad area. The first two villages
are irrigated from a tank fed from the canal, but the third Tsallavaripalli with
the least malaria is on a higher ground near the canal and is unirrigated. It is
also farther from the river Pillaperu than the other villages, so this village might
equally well be placed in group C villages which are not irrigated and not near
rivers. The great difference between the malaria rate in this group and groups
A and B is noteworthy.
4. Adult mosquitoes,—The following table describes the catch :—
TABLE XI.—Total mosquito catch.
Males,
Females.
Total.
All mosquitoes
...
...
...
...
243
726
969
Culicines—total
...
...
...
...
. . .
47
70
117
Anophelines— total ...
...
...
...
...
196
656
852
Non-malaria carrying anophelines— A ll
A.
Rossi
...
...
...
. . .
62
116
178
12
SUPPLEMENT TO THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE
Males,
Females.
Total.
Malaria carrying anophelines—total ...
...
134
540
674
A. Culicifacies ...
...
...
...
. . .
82
297
379
A. Stephensi ...
...
...
...
. . .
38
166
204
A. Listoni
..
...
...
...
. . .
14
77
91
The great preponderance of anophelines is shown by the fact that they form
88 per cent of the whole catch. Further the large majority of the anophelines
caught were females of malaria carrying species. Thus of 969 adult mosquitoes
caught 540 or more than half were female anophelines capable of carrying
malaria. This fact is of the very greatest significance in estimating the factors at
work, for while "clouds" of mosquitoes exist in several places, in but few would
the proportion of malaria carriers be so high. At the last visit only 7 malaria
-carrying adult anophelines were caught and this was one of the reasons that
necessitated a second visit. The difference between 7 and 674 is a striking
commentary on the effect of season in the production of malaria.
TABLE XIX.—Malaria-carrying anophelines and areas where caught.
Female
culicifacies.
Female
stephensi.
Female
listoni.
Total
corre-
sponding
males
caught.
Total
female
anopheli-
n e s
caught.
Total
females
found
infected.
Infection rate
for the three
species.
N u m b e r
c a u g h t .
F o u n d
I n f e c t e d .
N u m b e r
c a u g h t .
F o u n d
I n f e c t e d
N u m b e r
c a u g h t .
F o u n t
I n f e c t e d .
GROUP A.
PER CENT.
Mopad
...
...
43
4
15
2
10
...
21
68
6
8.8
Kattakendipalli
...
20
2
16
1
8
. . .
6
44
3
6.8
Botlagudnr ...
...
50
3
32
1
15
1
22
97
5
5.1
Appamambapuram ...
28
3
19
1
9
1
16
56
5
8.9
Kambaladinne
...
79
6
39
3
15
1
23
133
10
7.5
220
18 121
8
57
3
88
398
29
7 . 3
GROUP B.
Vakkuvalluripalli ...
3
1
1
. . .
. .
. . .
2
4
1
. . .
Dakkanurmadiga-
palaiyam.
2
. . .
4
1
6
...
9
12
1
. . .
Ragunathapuram ...
27
3
20
1
6
. . .
11
53
4
. . .
32
4
25
2
12
...
22
69
6
8.6
GROUP C.
Inimerla
...
...
4
...
10
...
2
...
5
16
...
. . .
Nutssupoda ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
. . .
. . .
Only oulicines
present.
Lakshminarasimhapu-
ram.
10
...
6
...
6
...
9
22
. . .
. . .
14
...
16
...
8
...
14
38
. . .
. . .
GROUP D.
Pottipalli
...
...
12
...
...
...
...
...
3
12
. . .
. . .
Iskadamarla..
...
19
. . .
4
. . .
. . .
. . .
7
23
. . .
. . .
Tsallavaripalli
... ...
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . . Only culicines
present.
31
..
4
. . .
. . .
10
35
. . .
. . .
All
groups total
caught.
297
22 166
10
77
3
134
540
35
. . .
All Groups infection
rate.
. . .
7.74%
. . .
5.42%
. . .
3.90%
...
. . .
6.48
. . .
The chief carriers. —It is seen that the malaria-carrying species were culici
-facies, stephensi and listoni and that culicifacies was not only the most abundant
species forming a little more than half the total for the three species, but that it
was also the most heavily infected 7.74 per cent as against 5.42 per cent and
A POOL IN THE MANNERU RIVER BED, JUMBO GRASS IN THE BACK GROUND.
A N I R R E G U L A R D R A I N .
A WELL AT KATTAKINDAPALLE WITH ABOUT 4 FEET FROM SURFACE.
POOLS AND A SWAMP FORMED BY SEEPAGE FROM A TANK WHICH IS
FED BY A CANAL.
E
381 R. No.
Copies. 703
Helio-Zinco. Survey office, Madras.
1929.
MAP III. MOPAD AREA DEC. 1926
The proportion of each left semicircle that is shaded gives the spleen rate
and the proportion of each right semicircle the parasite rate in the
areas concerned. Breeding places of malaria carrying
species shown in circular dots.
CHART
I.
ATTENDANCE FOR MALARIA . AT DISPENSARY.
RAINFALL AT UDAYAGIRI
A. AVERAGE FOR YEARS 1920-1924
B. IN YEARS 1925 AND 1926
C. AVERAGE FOR YEARS 1912-1924
D. IN YEARS 1925 AND 1926
CHART II,
A.TOTAL ANNUAL MALARIA ATTENDANCE
B.
B. " " RAINFALL
MAP OF UDAYAGIRI
SHADED PROPORTION LEFT SEMICIRCLE = SPLEEN RATE
" "RIGHT " = PARASITE. RATE
Reg. No, 381/3 Copies.703
Helio-Zinco. Survey office, Madras 1929.