NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
xiii
KATTIAWAR CIRCLE.
Superintendents. —
Surgeon E. R. BUTLER, M.D. (Absent in Europe.)
Assistant Surgeon E. P. BURROWES.
„
„
J. WILLIAMS, M.D.
H. T. DANN.
„
„
C. JOYNT, M.D.
MONTHS.
January . . . .
February . . . .
March . . . . . .
April . . . . . . .
May . . . . . . . .
June . . . . . .
July . . . . . .
August . . . . . .
September . .
October . . . .
November . .
December . .
Total..
Number of
Stations
visited.
20
4
15
14
5
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
58
Distance
travelled.
267
105
280
266
165
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
1,083
Number of
travelling
days.
27
11
26
24
12
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
100
Number of
Children
inspected.
1,468
870
2,019
456
697
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
5,510
SUMMARY OF REMARKS.
25 Villages visited and inspected.
15
37
17
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
Dr. Butler left Rajcote for
Europe on medical certificate in
August 1606, since which time
there has been no active supervi-
sion.
REWA KANTA CIRCLE.
Superintendents.—
Assistant Surgeon W. FLEMING, (Absent in Europe.)
„
„
J. T. WELSH, M.D., (Acting.)
MONTHS.
January . . . .
February . . . .
March . . . .
April . . . . . .
May . . . . . . . .
June . . . . . .
July . . . . . . .
August . . . . . .
September . .
October . .. .
November . .
December . .
Total . .
Number of
Stations
visited.
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
2
3
6
2
13
Distance
travelled.
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
46
31 ½
64 ½
97
239
Number of
travelling
days.
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
2
3
6
9
20
Number of
Children
inspected.
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
877
1,820
1,034
620
4,357
SUMMARY OF REMARKS.
In medical charge of the Guje¬
rat Bheel Corps and Dohud Jail.
12 Villages visited and inspected.
41
24
12
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
XV
No. 986.
GENERAL DEPARTMENT.
Bombay Castle, 27th May 1867.
Number vaccinated in 1866..
Number vaccinated in 1865..
Increase. . . . . . .
.. 379,497
.. 358,178
21,319
Letter from the Inspector General, Indian Medical Department, No. 1465, dated
3rd May 1867, submitting his Annual Report on Vaccination in the Bom-
bay Presidency, including Sind, for 1866.
RESOLUTION.—The number of vaccinations performed throughout the
Presidency and Sind, exclusive of those
in Military cantonments, amounted during
the year to 379,497, showing an increase
of 21,319 over the preceding year. The
particulars of this increase are given in the subjoined table—
Number of Vaccinations.
Under Superintendents in British Territory
by Government Establishment . . . . . . . . . .
Under Local and Municipal Establishments..
In Native territory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under Civil Surgeons, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Decrease . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net Incerease . . . . . . . . . . .
In 1866.
236,964
31,093
74,743
36,697
379,497
....
....
In 18G5.
244,079
17,103
64,670
32,326
358,178
....
....
Increase.
....
13,990
10,073
4,371
28,434
7,115
21,319
Decrease.
7,115
....
....
7,115
....
....
Males . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Females . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
205,156
174,341
379,497
2. Out of the total vaccinations performed during the year, 351,935, or
about 93 per cent., are returned as successful operations. About 37 per cent, of
the operations were performed on infants of below one year of age, being a
small increase over the number operated upon during the preceding year. The
relative proportion of males to females
vaccinated is shown to be much the same as
in former years. The number of either sex
vaccinated during the year is as per margin.
Vide Government Resolution No. 535,
dated 10th May 1867 (Financial Depart-
ment).
3. Government notice with satisfaction that the practice of falsification of
returns is diminishing under the strict check
exercised by the Superintendents. The
importance of obtaining correct and trust-
xvi
worthy returns cannot be overrated, and Government trust that the subject will
always be kept in prominent view by the Superintendents of Vaccination. Mea-
sures have recently been taken to ensure this information being accurately and
punctually furnished by the several village Officers.
4. The facts stated by Dr. Arnott in paragraphs 15 to 17 of his report re-
garding infantile vaccination are encouraging. In some parts the percentage has
risen higher than during the preceding season. In the city of Shikarpoor the
rate was 98 per cent., the highest rate ever before recorded ; for which satisfactory
result great credit is due to Dr. Ffolliott, the Civil Surgeon of that place.
5. It is to be regretted, however, that in the Town and Island of Bombay
infantile vaccination is not progressing so satisfactorily as could be wished. The
number of children vaccinated under one year of age amounted to 40 ½ per cent.
only during the year.
6. Government also regret to observe the increase in deaths from small-pox
in Bombay, the casualties being nearly double those in the preceding year. Dr.
Arnott should be particularly requested to give his best and early consideration
to the subject.
7. The question as to the advisability or otherwise of making inoculation
penal, is now engaging the attention of Government.
8. The Secretary of State will be requested to forward an increased supply
of lymph, and that in tubes only, as requested in paragraph 21 of the report.
9. The Right Honorable the Governor in Council has much pleasure in re-
cording his sense of the praiseworthy exertions of the Native Chiefs and of the
several Municipalities noticed by Dr. Arnott.
10. The services of the Superintendents, especially of Dr. Ffolliot, and the
assistance rendered by the other Officers of Government, also deserve the ac-
knowledgments of Government.
(Signed) H. E. JACOMB,
For Acting Chief Secretary to Government.
To
The INSPECTOR GENERAL, INDIAN MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.
BOMBAY : PRINTED AT THE EDUCATION SOCIETY'S PRESS, BYCULLA.
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION THROUGHOUT THE BOMBAY
PRESIDENCY AND SIND
FOR THE YEAR 1867.
Bombay:
PRINTED FOR GOVERNMENT AT THE
EDUCATION SOCIETY'S PRESS, BYCULLA.
1868.
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION THROUGHOUT THE BOMBAY
PRESIDENCY AND SIND,
FOR THE YEAR 1867.
Bombay:
PRINTED FOR GOVERNMENT AT THE
EDUCATION SOCIETY'S PRESS, BYCULLA.
1868.
REPORT
ON
VACCINATION THROUGHOUT THE BOMBAY
PRESIDENCY AND SIND,
FOR THE YEAR 1867.
No. 1406 OF 1868.
Bombay, 27th April 1868.
From the INSPECTOR GENERAL, Indian Medical Department,
To the CHIEF SECRETARY to GOVERNMENT, General Department.
SIR,—I have the honour to forward the Report on Vaccination, per-
formed in the Presidency of Bombay, for the year 1867, for submission to
His Excellency the Governor in Council. The Report consists of a general
review of the working of the Department and the presence of Small-pox and
Inoculation throughout the Presidency, of the Reports, or extracts from
Reports, of Superintendents and others under whom Vaccination has been
carried on, and of the results in general, shown in comparative tables.
Changes.
2. There have been no changes in the working establishments during
the year under report, and the system has continued
to work as satisfactorily as usual.
Superintendence.
3. In the Central Circle Assistant Surgeon Turnbull, who has been
Superintendent since 1864, carried on his supervision
with energy and ability until September 1867, when
his services were required for military duty in Abyssinia; the work of the
office then fell to the Civil Surgeon at Ahmednuggur, and subsequently to
Assistant Surgeon Langley at Poona. Neither of these officers, holding
stationary appointments, were able to superintend any work beyond the
neighbourhood of their stations.
4. In the Southern Circle Surgeon Day superintended the work until
November 1867, when his services were placed at the disposal of His
( iv )
Excellency the Commander-in-Chief for employment in Abyssinia. The
Regiment to which he was appointed did not proceed during the year, but,
being under orders, his active superintendence ceased with his appointment
to military duty.
5. In Sind Surgeon Pinkerton, who has been Superintendent since 1863,
was required in March to take up temporarily the duties of Civil Surgeon at
Kotree. This did not, however, much interfere with his superintendence in
the province, as the interruption was not of long duration.
6. In the Northern Circle nothing interfered to arrest the progress of
superintendence throughout the year.
7. In the Western Circle, as mentioned in previous Reports, the super-
vision was divided between the Central and Southern Circles, and was almost
ineffective throughout the year. The appointment was given, in 1865, to
Assistant Surgeon Blanc while in Abyssinia, but since his nomination to it
the superintendence has not been of an active character, as Doctors Day and
Turnbull have had as much or more than they could attend to in traversing
their own Circles. The Western Circle has a long tract of sea-coast, dotted
with numerous ports, and it is undoubtedly important that, as soon as medical
officers are available, there should be a Superintendent working in its districts.
Situated in this Circle, in the Southern Concan, is the territory of the
" Hubshee" to which I alluded in my last Report, and which I again mention
as there is no vaccination carried on in it; and it is close to Bombay, with
which city there is constant intercourse. Small-pox is known to be frequent
in Hubshan.
8. In the Northern Concan is a Native State named " Jowar", the
Raja of which, I am glad to state, has desired that a Vaccinator may be sent
to him.
9. In the Rewa Kanta and Punch Mahals the supervision extends over
only four months of each year : it was complete for that time.
10. In Kattiawar it was incomplete. Assistant Surgeon Blomfield
carried it on with activity for four months.
11. At the Presidency itself the superintendence by the Local Superin-
tendent was unbroken.
Remarks on the superin-
tendence.
12. It will be observed from the above that the vaccination superinten-
dence has not been so active and close as could be
desired. As this is the essential part of a system,
which has proved itself to be the best suited to the
requirements of the country, it is to be regretted that it should over be weak
( v )
ened in consequence of the emergencies of the general service. Being fully
convinced of the positive good done by Superintendents, and the necessity
there always is for active and unbroken supervision, I cannot but hope that
in future no need will exist for withdrawing these officers from their duties.
Circles of vaccination.
13. The Circles of Vaccination throughout the Presidency at the end
of the year, with their Superintendents, were as
follows:—
Central Circle.—
Southern
„
Sind
„
Northern
„
Western
„
Rewa Kanta „
Kattiawar „
Assistant Surgeon Turnbull, M.D., on military duty.
Assistant Surgeon Langley, A.B., officiating.
Surgeon Day, M.D., on military duty.
Surgeon Major Pitman, to officiate.
Surgeon Pinkerton, M.D.
M. B. Colah, M.D. (Uncovenanted), Acting Superin-
tendent.
Assistant Surgeon Blanc, M.D., prisoner in Abyssinia
(Superintendents Central and Southern Circles, Act-
ing).
Assistant Surgeon Welsh, M.D.
Surgeon Butler, M.D., returned from England, from
medical certificate, December 1867.
14. The standing of the Superintendents in the Vaccination Depart-
ment is as follows :—
Sugeon Pinkerton, appointed in ..........
Sugeon Butler, whose primary appointment is
Civil Surgeon, Rajcote ................
Assistant Surgeon Turnbull ..............
Assistant Surgeon Blanc ................
Surgeon Day ........................
Assistant Surgeon Welsh ................
Acting (Uncovenanted) M.B. Colah, M.D. ..
1863.
1862.
1864.
1865.
1866.
1865.
1866.
Number Vaccinated.
15. Exclusive of vaccination performed in military cantonments the
total number operated on during the year amounted
to 391,415, being an increase over the previous year
of 11,918. This must be deemed most satisfactory;
for if the vaccination of the Bombay Presidency is practised in a population
of about sixteen millions, it may be computed that the births annually may
average four hundred and eighty thousand. If, however, of these one-
seventh die before the period when vaccination is performed, there will
( vi )
remain about four hundred and ten thousand to be vaccinated ; so that if the
present rate was continued there would probably not be more than twenty
thousand who year by year would go unvaccinated in this Presidency. It is
true that the number has only gradually risen to the amount shown, so that a
considerable number are arrears from former years ; nevertheless, there can
be no doubt the general results are most satisfactory, and would be more so
could the actual state of population be ascertained, and more Vaccinators
employed where shown to be required.
Cost of vaccination.
16. As far as can be ascertained, the average cost of each successful
vaccination to Government, in Government Circles,
is five annas and seven pies; increased vaccination
will bring this down still further, except in the city of Bombay, where, should
compulsory vaccination be introduced, the private practitioners should be re-
munerated, as in England and Scotland, for each certified successful case.
17. During the last seven years the number of Vaccinators employed,
and the amount of work, have steadily, and pro rata, increased, as the follow-
ing table will show :—
Year.
1861 ............
1862 ............
1863
1864 ............
1865............
1866
1867 ............
Number of Vaccinators.
201........
197 ........
203........
218 ........
245 ........
263........
270 ........
Annual number Vaccinated.
259,668
244,792
267,995
332,894
358,178
379,497
391,415
131,747 more children were vaccinated in 1867 than in 1866, and an average
of about 1,827 operations performed by each Vaccinator, or 6 per diem on
every working day in the year.—
Working in Govern-
ment Circles.
18. The working of the year points out con-
siderable increase in the Central Circle and in
others:—
Central ....................
Kattiawar ................
Rewa Kanta ............
Presidency ............
Total..
9,494
1,266
2,134
2,119
15,013
( vii )
In the Presidency City there was a very satisfactory increase of upwards
of 2,000 persons vaccinated; an increase in part due to operations being
carried on amongst the followers of the Abyssinian Expedition, but chiefly
to the increased exertions of the establishment. The increase, commend-
able though it undoubtedly is, is very far indeed from what must yet be
looked for. In the other Government Circles there has been a decrease
more or less:-—
Sind ............
Southern ........
Nothern........
Total..
10,305
1,423
803
12,531
Cause of decrease.
19. The greatest falling off in vaccination is noticed in Sind. Decrease
in numbers operated on in this province com-
menced in the previous year. The decrease in the
other Circles is not of moment, and it is hoped will be more than fully made
up during the year 1868.
20. The diminished number vaccinated in Sind for the past two years,
however, calls for more attention. The Superintendent states that the progress
of vaccination continues to be satisfactory, notwithstanding the decrement.
The main cause of the very considerable decrease, he states, is owing, in his
opinion, to the reduced number of unprotected children in the province,
owing to arrears having been nearly all vaccinated, and to Vaccinators having
to work in sparsely populated districts. To this latter cause I would much
prefer ascribing, to a considerable extent, the falling off, and to many of the
Vaccinators not doing, as Dr. Pinkerton hints, as much work as might have
been expected from them.
21. The vaccinations in Sind in 1860, when there were only 15 Vaccina-
tors, amounted to 59,568, or 3,983 more than in the year 1867, when 30 Vac-
cinators were employed; and the arrears alluded to by Dr. Pinkerton, which
were commenced to be worked off in 1865 and 1866, taking his numbers as
a stand point, have not, I consider, yet been cleared off, though they may now
undoubtedly be less closely distributed, and consequently less easy of access
to the Vaccinators. It must be always, however, extremely difficult to state
the probable number of children to be operated on in this or other Divisions,
owing to incorrect knowledge of the population, and the absence of registra-
tion ; but there is no doubt that the keeping up vaccination under existing
circumstances to a fair amount, can only be effected by the attentive working
of the establishments and the aid of the various authorities.
( viii )
Under Native Chiefs.
22. Vaccination under Native Chiefs shows a total numerical increase on
the previous year of 8,094. This improvement in
numbers is shown to have occurred in the territories
of certain Chiefs in Kattiawar, Sind, Rewa Kanta, the
Deccan, and Southern Circle. In Kattiawar, under the Thakoors of Jhusdun,
Wallah, Bhownuggur, Luktur, and Goondul, Jam of Nowanuggur, Chiefs of
Jaitpoor, Mangrole, and Bantwa, Rana of Porebundur, and Nawab of Joona-
ghur. In Sind, in the territories of His Highness Meer Ali Morad. In Rewa
Kanta, under the Nawab of Ballasindore, and Rajas of Chota Oodeypoor and
Soonth. In the Deccan, in the country of Raja of Aukulkote and Begum of
Peint. In the Southern Circle, under the State of Kolapoor and Sawunt Warree,
Nawab of Sawunnore, and in the Jagheers of Echulkurunjee, Kagul,
Bowrah, Torgul, Moodhul, Ramdroog and Jamkhundee. Decreased work is
shown to have taken place in the Northern Circle, in the Mahee Kanta, and
territories of the Dewan of Palunpoor, Thakores of Kakraj and Bhabhur,
and Nawab of Rhadumpoor, and at Bhooj : in the former amounting to 1,490,
and 434 in the latter. The work at Bhooj, by 4 Vaccinators employed by
His Highness, is deficient in the extreme : it averages 176 vaccinations per
man per annum.
23. Examination of the reports of Superintendents points out how
very advisable it is that the subject of vaccination should be more fully im-
pressed on the Native Chiefs of this Presidency. They frequently, and I
believe most willingly, employ Vaccinators, but their assistance to them in
various ways, in some cases, is deficient. There is, to begin with, apathy
and want of interest in the success of the men; in some, pay is irregular,
and perhaps small; in others, they are allowed to employ themselves, or are
employed in other work ; in others again, they are left pretty much to them-
selves to get on in their very difficult occupation utterly unassisted.
24. Kattiawar may be instanced as a country of great extent, where the
Chiefs employ a large number of Vaccinators; yet there is no territory where,
it appears from the annual Report, less reliance can be placed in the work
performed, or where small-pox has been more prevalent and destructive. Mr.
Blomfield's Report shows how frequently he was disappointed, on his tour,
at the appearance of the work and at the conduct of the Vaccinators. This
officer, in a letter on the subject of altering the present system in Kattiawar,
says : " The Vaccinators perform their work so carelessly that in many of the
villages I inspected not more than ten or fifteen per cent. of the cases
operated on could be termed successful vaccinations, also that many villages
( ix )
are not visited at all During the months of March and April, I found few
villages free from small-pox, and in some the mortality had been very large."
25. The Political Agent was, I believe, about to bring the subject
before Government, and I trusted that ere this it would have been considered.
I deem it most advisable that all the Native Chiefs' Vaccinators should, if
possible, be placed under the Superintendents through the Political Agents
or chief Civil Officers, that they should look up to the Superintendents as their
masters, receive regularly a fair pay on their certificates, and a thorough
assistance from the authorities. Such arrangements would be sufficient to
ensure the employment of good men, who would desire to retain employment,
and consequently endeavour to perform good work.
26. I here give a list of the Native Chiefs in this Presidency who employ
Vaccinators; and I would earnestly submit that this part of the system of
Vaccination, which has never yet been brought properly within the line of
Superintendent's work, may meet with the consideration it merits.
List showing the Native Chiefs who have employed Vaccinators in
their Territories.
CIRCLE ......
NORTHERN CIRCLE
....
KATTIAWAR CIRCLE ....
Raja of Aukulkote.
Begum of Peint.
Dewan of Pahlunpoor and Dhanera.
Thakore of Wao and Thurrad.
Ditto
Kakrij and Bhabhur.
Ditto
Warye,Morwara,Seogaum, Deodur,&c.
Nawab of Rhadunpoor.
Maharaja of Edur and Amnugger.
Thakore of Paseena, Danta, and Subur Kanta.
Ditto Rehwur Zilla and Pal Pole.
Ditto Kuttosun, Baveesee, and Watruk
Kanta.
Nawab of Cambay.
Thakore of Jhusdun.
Jam of Noanuggur.
Thakore of Morebee.
Ditto
Limree.
Chiefs of Jaitpoor.
Rana of Porebunder.
Thakore of Wullah.
2 vac
( x )
KATTIAWAR CIRCLE—contd.
REWA KANTA CIRCLE ...
SOUTHERN CIRCLE
....
Chiefs of Bujjana.
Ditto Dussara.
Ditto Wunnod.
Ditto Joenjoowara.
Thakore of Bhownuggur.
Raj of Drangudra.
Thakore of Luktur.
Chiefs of Mangrole.
Ditto Bantwa.
Thakore of Goondul.
Ditto Wudwan.
Ditto
Rajcote.
Ditto
Pallytana.
Nawab of Jafferabad.
Chiefs of Deeda.
Nawab of Joonaghur.
Nawab of Ballasindore and of Raja of Loonawara.
Raja of Rajpeepla.
Raja of Chota Oodoypoor.
Raja of Bavriah.
Raja of Soonth and Thakoor of Kuddana,
Raja of Kolapoor.
Nawab of Sawunnore.
Jagheerdar of Veshalghur.
Ditto
Eckulkurrunjee.
Ditto
Bowrah.
Ditto
Anzara.
Ditto
Torgul.
Ditto
Meeruz.
Ditto
Koorundwar.
Ditto
Sanglee.
Ditto
Moodhul.
Ditto
Ramdroog.
Ditto
Jumkhundee.
Ditto
Kagul.
Ditto
Bhore.
Ditto
Ultapadee.
Ditto
Pulton.
Ditto
Jhutt.
Sawunt Waree State.
( xi )
Work of Municipalities.
* Tanna ..........
Poona ..........
Ahmednuggur ....
Sholapoor ........
Barsee ..........
Pundherpoor ......
Beejapoor ........
Baramuttee ......
Oorun ............
Vingorla ........
Ahmedabad ......
Veerungaum......
Dholka
Khanapora ........
Moon ............
Kurrad ........
Koregaum and Waee
Walwa ..........
Gudduk and Belgere
Belgaum ..........
Hooblee ..........
Gokak ............
Kotree ........
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
25
27. It will be satisfactory to His Excellency in Council to observe that
from the period when the Municipalities of this
Presidency commenced the entertainment of Vacci¬
nators the system has been gradually meeting with appreciation. In 1863
the Municipality of Hooblee set the example; it was followed by those of
Kotree, Sattara, Tanna, and Belgaum; and in 1865
there were vaccinated by them 7,619 children. Sub-
sequently Poona, Ahmednuggur, Dholka, Veerun¬
gaum, Barsee, and others, adopted the plan. There
were in 1867 twenty-five Vaccinators kept up by
Municipalities, whose work amounted to 18,391
vaccinated children. The Municipalities who are thus
" identifying themselves with efforts to render the
protective system of vaccination more extended,
efficient, and complete," deserve to be recorded, and
are here entered.* The extension of this system is
much to be desired, as it is one which, under proper
superintendence, must prove of undoubted good.
28. No general rule exists as to the superin-
tendence of the work of these men. Those employ-
ed by Municipalities, where there are Civil Surgeons,
are under their superintendence; those in towns
and districts at a distance from stations are under
the Superintendents of Vaccination, in the matter of supervision of their
work.
Local.
29. The local establishment of vaccination at present only exists in
Sind. It numbers thirteen, and these are paid out of
local funds. The establishment under the superin-
tendence of Dr. Pinkerton continues to uphold its character for utility. The
number vaccinated by its members was very considerable during the year 1867,
but less than in the previous year by 1,740.
Successful operations.
30. Out of the total number of children operated on 365,275 were pro-
nounced successful vaccinations, and 26,140 unsuc-
cessful or doubtful, giving a result of only 7.16 per
cent. of the latter. There is an improvement here on former years, for the
percentage of unsucessful and doubtful cases was in—