NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
99
Rajpore, on which much correspondence has taken place owing to the pre-
valence of both Glanders and Surra. I had an interview with the Superintendent
of the Dun and hope that my representations will be the means of protecting
Government animals on that road; from there I returned to Simla.
In all, I visited 19 Horse Shows held in various parts of India, travelled
19,203 miles by rail, 1,214 miles by road, and 500 by sea.
465. Assistant to the Inspector- General, Civil Veterinary Department.—
During the year under review, this officer was occupied as follows :—
From 1st to 13th April 1895 he attended the Lahore Veterinary School
as an Examiner, and from 14th to 30th, the Bombay Veterinary College in the
same capacity.
July was spent in the Office of the Inspector-General in connection with
the Annual Report.
From 1st to 25th August 1895, at headquarters at Meerut. From 26th
August to 22nd September, the Autumn Cattle Fairs of Sirsa, Imlota, Hissar,
Jahazgarh, and Bhiwani were attended, and from the 24th to 30th September
the Jullunder Cattle Fair.
From 1st to 11th October 1895, he attended the Amritsar Fair.
From 24th October to 4th November he spent in Meerut preparing for
tour.
From 5th to 10th November 1895, en route for the Gurgaon District.
From 11th November to 14th December 1895, in the Gurgaon district;
15th December 1895 to 8th January 1896 in the Delhi district; 9th January
to 4th February 1896, Kurnal district; 5th February to 2nd March 1896, in
Umballa; 4th to 14th March in the Ludhianah district on inspection duty con-
nected with cattle breeding and disease. From 15th to 22nd March at head-
quarters. He attended the Bengal Veterinary Institution as an Examiner
from 25th to 28th March 1896.
He travelled 1,179 miles by road, 6,765 miles by rail, and spent 171 days
under canvas.
466. Imperial Bacteriologist.—During the year under review, Dr. Lingard
visited the following places on the dates and for the reasons noted :—
21st May 1895.—Left Poona and arrived in Bombay:—
(i).—Business with the Superintendent, Government Central Press,
regarding printing Volume II of Surra Report.
(ii).—To obtain information concerning outbreaks of Surra, from the
Manager, Bombay Tramway Company.
(iii).—To order articles for use at the new Laboratory.
29th May 1895.—Left Bombay for Muktesar.
1st June 1895.—Inspected some 30 tons of Laboratory goods which had
arrived at Kathgodam.
4th June 1895.—Arrived at Muktesar Laboratory.
23rd October 1895.—Proceeded to Kathgodam to examine a number
of Surra horses and obtain material for work. To Bareilly to
obtain small animals and make arrangements for future supply.
6th December 1895.—Proceeded to Kurnal to investigate outbreak of
disease amongst remounts at the Government Depôt, then
visited Saharunpore Depôt to inspect four cases of Paralysis, and
arrived at the Bacteriological Laboratory at Muktesar on 7th
January 1836 where he remained up to the end of the year.
100
List showing the establishment of Officers as it stood on 1st April 1895 and 31st March 1896.
Appointments.
Inspector-General, Civil Vete-
rinary Department.
Assistant to Inspector-Gene-
ral, Civil Veterinary Depart-
ment.
Imperial Bacteriologist ...
Clinical Assistant to Imperial
Bacteriologist.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, North-
Western Provinces and
Oudh.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, North
Punjab.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, South
Punjab.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, Baluchis-
tan.
Principal, Lahore Veterinary
School.
Professor, Lahore Veterinary
School.
Principal, Bombay Veterinary
College.
Assistant Principal, Bombay
Veterinary College.
Principal, Ajmere Veterinary
School.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, Bengal.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, Bombay.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, Madras.
Superintendent, Civil Veteri-
nary Department, Burma.
1st Furlough Officer ...
2nd Furlough Officer ...
1st April 1895.
Veterinary Lieutenant-Colo-
nel Queripel.
Veterinary Captain Pease
Dr. A. Lingavd ...
Mr. M. K. Bamber ...
Veterinary Lieutenant
Loughlin.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Turnbull.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Cranford (a).
Veterinary Captain Max-
well.
Veterinary Captain Nunn,
C.I.E., D. S.O.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Martin.
Veterinary Captain Mills
Veterinary Lieutenant
Larnder (a).
Veterinary Captain Hagger
Veterinary Captain Gunn
Veterinary Captain Mor-
gan.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Harris (a).
Veterinary Captain Evans
Veterinary Captain Short
(a).
Vacant.
31st March 1896.
* Veterinary Colonel
Queripel.
Veterinary Captain Pease.
Dr. A. Lingard.
Mr. M. K. Bamber.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Loughlin.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Turnbull.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Larnder (b).
Veterinary Captain Max-
well.
Veterinary Captain Nunn,
C.I.E., D. S. O.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Martin.
*Veterinary Major Mills
Veterinary Lieutenant
Baldrey (b).
Veterinary Captain Hagger
Veterinary Captain Gunn
Veterinary Captain Mor-
gan.
Veterinary Lieutenant
Clarke (b).
Veterinary Captain Evans
Veterinary Lieutenant
Trydell (b).
Veterinary Lieutenant
Harris.
REMARKS.
* Granted the temporary
rank of "Veterinary.
Colonel," December
1895.
1895.
(a) Reverted to Military
duty.
(b) Transferred from
Bombay.
* Promoted in June
1895.
(a) Transferred
to
Punjab,
(b) Appointed, 22nd
February 1896.
(a) On leave (medical
certificate).
(b) Appointed, 26th Sep-
tember 1895.
(a) Reverted to Military
duty.
(b) Appointed, 8th Feb-
ruary 1896.
It will be seen that the changes which have taken place are the reversions
of Veterinary Lieutenant Cranford and Veterinary Captain Short, and the
transfer of Veterinary Lieutenant Larnder from the post of Assistant Principal,
Bombay Veterinary College, to the Superintendentship, South Punjab, vice
Cranford reverted. The appointment of Veterinary Lieutenant Baldrey as
Assistant Principal of the Bombay Veterinary College, vice Larnder. Also
the appointment of Veterinary Lieutenant Trydell, vice Short reverted. The
post of 2nd Furlough Officer which was vacant on 1st April was filled up by
101
the appointment of Veterinary Lieutenant Clarke, who is officiating for Veteri-
nary Lieutenant Harris at home on medical certificate.
The constant changes taking place in this Department must prove in-
jurious to its interests. During the year under review, the rules for the Civil
Veterinary Department received the sanction of the Secretary of State, and
were issued on 28th June 1895. All officers were given six months to decide
whether they would join the Department permanently. At the expira-
tion of that period, I regret to say, that the following resignations were
received:—
Veterinary Captain Short,
Veterinary Lieutenant Crauford,
Veterinary Lieutenant Turnbull,
Veterinary Lieutenant Loughlin,
and since then, Veterinary Lieutenant Martin has expressed his wish to
revert. A large number of other officers have also asked questions connected
with the rules which they consider will effect their interests. The causes of
the discontent with the provisions of the rules being under consideration of
the Government of India, I shall refrain from noticing them. I can only
trust that when a final decision is arrived at they will be sufficiently attractive
to induce the officers of this Department to join it permanently, i.e., to elect
for continuous Indian service, as it can readily be understood what an evil
effect constant changes must exercise in the continuity of work in a Province.
In this direction I may say that the past year has been one of anxiety for the
Inspector-General, who, however, has been loyally assisted by those officers
who do not intend to join permanently.
467. Table XXII, page lxxvi, shows the number of mares inspected and
branded by the officers of the Department during the last 2 years.
Visit of General
Sir John Watson,
V.C
468. During the year under review, India was visited by General Sir J.
Watson, V.C., the purchaser of our stallions in England. The object of his visit
was to see the branded mares, in order to determine the class of stallion to be
bought and to be avoided, also to see the young stock in order to ascertain
the strains of blood that are doing the best work in this country.
As no doubt Sir J. Watson will submit a full report of all he saw whilst
in India, I shall only place on record the various centres which he visited with
me: —
Babugarh Stallion Depôts, where the following stallions were paraded for
his inspection:—
New horses—Arabs—Ponies and Galloways, Provincial and District Board ponies 18
Native States
...
...
...
...
Arabs—Horses, Imperial
...
...
...
Native State
...
...
...
...
English Horses—Hackneys ...
...
...
Half-breds
...
...
...
...
Thoroughbred English
...
...
...
Australians
...
...
......
New horses ... ...
5
—
12
11
—
1
1
10
—
23
23
12
7
65
In addition to this, 16 old stallions were paraded, making a total of 81.
The Horse Shows visited, were as follows :—
Shikarpur (Sindh)
...
...
...
Jellalabad (Punjab)
...
...
...
Sibi (Baluchistan)
...
...
...
Bulandshahr (N. W. P.)
...
...
...
Brood mares
present.
161
106
393
169
Young stock
present,
106
90
310
126
26
105
The following is a Synopsis of the Manual :—
Introduction.
Selection of mares.
Care of stallions.
Stables.
Ventilation.
Watering and feeding.
Grooming.
Exercise.
Serving of mares.
Branded mares and fillies.
Sickness of stallions.
Mating.
Condition of breeding mares.
Seasoning or heat.
Sterility.
Gestation.
Signs of pregnancy.
Duration of pregnancy.
Care of pregnant mares.
Abortion or slipping the foal.
Foaling.
Care of dam after foaling.
Care of foal after foaling.
Suckling.
Suckling by foster mother.
Artificial lactation.
Care of mare during lactation.
Produce up to six months.
Conformation.
Bad points to be looked for in a foal.
Weaning—Gradual and sudden.
Feeding of foal.
Treatment of mare when foal is weaned.
Exercise of foals.
Castration.
Care of feet of young stock.
Education of the foal.
Diseases of young stock.
HORSE BREEDING IN NATIVE STATES.
475. In the annual Administration Report of this Department for last year,
I alluded to the assistance that could be afforded by the Rulers of Native States
in the way of horse breeding; I further showed the progress that had been
made during that year; it is now my pleasing duty to be able to report that
the progress has been maintained during the year under review, or rather I
should say that the advancement has been far beyond my expectations, and I
would place on record my appreciation of the hearty way in which I have
been received by the Chiefs of the various States which I have visited during
the past year, and the ready manner in which any recommendations for im-
provement have been carried out.
476. All Native States, to a lesser or greater extent, had, before I visited
them last year, embarked in horse breeding operations, and in some cases had
spent vast sums of money on their Stud Farms, and this, with absolutely no
results. My object therefore has been to act as a professional Adviser, showing
them how much better results could be obtained at a smaller cost, and in this, I am
pleased to say, I have succeeded to a far greater extent than I had anticipated.
In this way we shall be adding to the horse supply of India, and by enabling
the various States to make themselves self-supporting in the way of Remounts
for their Imperial Service Troops and other Cavalry maintained by the States,
we shall be relieving the strain which is now felt by our Native Cavalry
through the competition created by the presence of officers purchasing for
these Corps in our Shows and Fairs.
Naturally, we cannot expect to see the results of their exertions speedily,
and I feel that the interest of the Chiefs will for some time have to be
27
106
maintained by annual visits, but this I hope, during my tenure of office, to be
able to carry out.
As I did last year, I purpose giving a short outline of the work done
during the year. I shall take each State in the order in which I visited it.
PUNJAB STATES.
Bahawalpore.
477. The interest shown in this State has been fully maintained. I
visited Bahawalpore in October and mainly confined my attention to the State
Stud at Lorha.
My visit to this stud proved to me more conclusively than ever that these
studa can seldom be a success.
I carefully inspected every animal, including :—
40 Brood mares.
16 Colts.
38 Fillies.
4 Mules.
I found that none of the mares were fit for horse breeding, although all were
eminently fitted for mule breeding, which is popular in this State. There
were a few promising fillies, but these were never likely to grow into remounts
for Imperial Service Troops. In these circumstances, I advised the State to
abolish this Stud for horse breeding; to confine its attention to mule breeding,
and, by the saving effected in this direction, to purchase one more Arab and
two more donkey stallions; this was agreed to, and these have been supplied to
the State.
478. This State has now purchased 4 Arab stallions and 6 donkeys, and
as a result of last year's work, we find that the following were covered by the
State stallions:—
Covered by horses.
The property of His Highness the Nawab
„
„
„ the State...
„
„
„ Zemindars...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
23 23
140
—
186
Covered by donkeys.
The property of His Highness the Nawab
„
„
„ the State
...
„
„
„ Zemindars...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 20
... 22
... 36
—
78
This is most encouraging and must lead to good results, as the mares, espe-
cially those of the zemindars, are particularly good.
479. Although mule breeding is in its infancy, still, 18 young mules bred
in the State, were exhibited at the Horse Show which, at the request of the
State, I attended in March.
At this Show, 118 big mares and 153 small mares competed for prizes, as
did also 105 head of young stock.
The most noticeable features of this Show were :—
(a) The class of mares.—Most of them were mares with big barrels show-
ing much blood and quality and would be hard to beat as brood
mares. Of course the good whole colors, so noticeable in other
districts, are not to be found here; the best mares are greys.
(b) Fillies 1, 2, and 3 years.—Amongst these were a few that were suit-
able for the Rearing "Depôts.
(c) Mules.—This is a new industry, and it is pleasing to note that already
18 mules competed for prizes.
(d) Undersized mares.—I cannot speak too highly of this class; crossed
with the small Arab stallions of the State, they are bound to
produce excellent results
108
At the home stud are kept 5 horse stallions, 5 pony, and 2 donkey
stallions; amongst these are included some of the best English and Australian
thorough-bred blood; also very high caste Arabs, including the well known
racing pony "Blitz."
The number of mares employed is as follows :—
38
30
12
mares for horse breeding,
„
pony breeding,
„
mule breeding,
and even allowing that a number of mares, the property of zemindars, are
covered by these stallions, still the stallion power is in excess of the require-
ments.
In the State stud, on the date of my visit, the young stock consisted of :—
3 years old
2 years old
Yearlings
Foals
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
... 20
... 23
... 20
... 23
... 86
and in addition to these, 5 young mules.
This is encouraging in one way, but from a military point of view especially
in a State, maintaining as Patiala does, a great number of Imperial Service and
other mounted troops, it is discouraging as, roughly speaking, only about
15 per cent. will ever make remounts.
In addition to this Home Stud, another existed at Bahadurgarh, but as
with all home studs in Native States that are not under supervision, no good
has ever been done here, and I am pleased to say that it has been decided to
sell off the whole of the stock which is only a source of useless expense, as
there is not a stallion that should be used for stud purposes, neither is there a
mare, nor a single head of young stock worth keeping.
At the home stud which is doing good work, I was pleased to find that a
number of zemindari mares had been covered. In 1894-95, only 70 were cov-
ered, but from 1st April 1895 to 1st January 1896, 124 had been brought to the
stallions. There can be no doubt, by the consideration of these figures, that
although small fees are charged, the stallions of the State are yearly becoming
more popular.
Breeding from Zemindari Mares by the aid of State Stallions.—In deal-
ing with this subject I can only say that I consider it to be by far the most
important step taken by the State for the improvement of horse breeding.
Last year 8 stallions, viz., 4 horses and 4 ponies or galloways, were employed
and 200 mares were covered by them. Of these, 2 have, on my recommenda-
tion, been cast as possessing hereditary faults, and the thoroughbred Autralian
stallion "Bolero" has returned to Head Quarters totally unfit for stud purposes.
As at least 8 stallions are required for the districts I recommended, for the con-
sideration of the State, that the following stallions employed at the home stud
which, as I before stated, had more stallion power than was required, should be
sent to the districts :—
Arab stallion "Prince"
Roadster stallion "Dandy"
Arab pony "Snakes"
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 14—3.
... 15—1.
... 13—3.
If these are sent, much good may be expected to result. I regret that no
returns are available, showing the number of mares covered by the stallions in
the districts, but every endeavour is made to enlighten the zemindars as to the
liberality of the State, in giving the use to its people of really valuable sires, and
to encourage them to bring their mares to be covered by them.
111
WESTERN STATES OF RAJPUTANA.
Ulwar.
492. This State ranks before all others in its endeavours to extend horse
breeding. I shall first speak of the Home Stud which is one of the few that
is doing good work. In this Stud are to be found as fine mares as can
be seen in any part of India. Of these, 82 were in foal when I visited
the State; this is one of the highest percentages of successful coverings which
I have ever heard of in India. During the year under review, a great num-
ber of inferior mares were eliminated from the Stud and were either relegated
to mule breeding or were sold. Twenty-three good serviceable mares were
added to the Stud.
Twenty-four good stallions are employed, including Thoroughbred English,
Australians, Norfolk Trotters and Arabs, besides two selected Kathiawars.
During the year, these horses covered 569 mares against 137 in the
preceding year; these including zemindari mares as well as those of the Stud.
Sixty-two horse foals and three mule foals were dropped in the Stud
during the year.
I shall not reiterate what was said last year with reference to the runs;
they leave but little to be desired. In the runs were 81 colts, 121 fillies, and
six mules, in addition to 25 foals that were with the mares, being unweaned.
During the year under review, eight new stallions have been added, including
one of the best Thoroughbred English stallions,"Wicklow Spar." This horse
is one of the last importations and was sold to the State with the sanction of
the Government of India.
493. The Political Agent, Major Pears, to whose zeal must be attributed
the success gained at Ulwar, was very anxious that a horse show should be held
in the State with a view of encouraging the zemindars. It was held from 26th
September to 5th October 1895, and must be considered to have been most
successful.
The following is a list of the animals that were present:—
Horses ...
Mares ...
Geldings ...
Colts and Fillies
Ponies ...
Mules ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
329
380
16
111
323
4
1,198
and of these, 269 competed for prizes.
A great number of animals changed hands. Rs. 43,151-4-0 is stated to have
been the amount realised by sales.
The following regiments sent purchasing officers :—
1st Bengal Cavalry purchased
4th „
„
„
14th Bengal Lancers
„
17th Bengal Cavalry
„
Imperial Service Troops „
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
17
6
24
14
13
74
In addition to these, 5 head of young stock born and bred in the State,
were purchased by the Remount Agent.
The average price paid for these remounts was very low, in fact it is
recognised that the prices at Ulwar were lower than at any other fair. They
were as follows:—
1st Bengal Cavalry ...
4th „
„ ...
14th Bengal Lancers ...
17th Bengal Cavalry ...
Imperial Service Troops
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Rs.
230
240
233
240
250
A.
8
0
0
0
0
P.
0
0
0
0
0
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
———
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT IN INDIA
FOR THE OFFICIAL YEAR
1895-96
PART II.-PROVINCIAL REPORT.
I.—HORSE BREEDING.
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT
OF THE
CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT IN INDIA
FOR THE OFFICIAL YEAR
1895-96.
PART II.—PROVINCIAL REPORT.
I.—HORSE BREEDING.
Horse and Pony
stallions belong-
ing to District
Boards, &c.
505. Table A. (page lxxix) will show the number of district horse and pony
stallions at the commencement of the year, the increase and decrease during the
year, and the balance remaining on 31st March 1896.
The number employed on 1st April 1895, was 144, 35 were added, and 19
struck off, showing a balance of 160 on 31st March 1896.
The increase is again satisfactory. There has been an increase of 9 in the
North-Western Provinces and of 11 in the Punjab.
Casualties.
506. The death rate, as shown in Table B. (page lxxx), is most satisfactory.
Only 7 horses and ponies died or were destroyed.
Sales.
507. Table C. (page lxxxi) will show that 12 horses or ponies were sold.
Demand for Dis-
trict Board stal-
lions.
508. The Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department, South Punjab,
states :—
"In such districts as Multan and Hoshiarpur, one or two stallions might be entertained with advantage
In the Montgomery district, there were no stallions, but at my inspection I drew attention to the fact that the
want of them was greatly felt, and I am happy to say that since the close of the year the Deputy Commissioner
has purchased one which has been posted to Gogera."
With regard to Jullunder, this officer states that no District Board stallions
are employed, and that there are no less than 6 country-bred stallions kept by
Zemindars. He further states that the people in this district asked him to
recommend the District Board to entertain good stallions. I earnestly trust
that as soon as funds are available, the District Authorities will see their way,
to employ at least 2 good Arabs. I am more impressed with this necessity as
Jullunder is one of the most backward districts in the Punjab.
In Ludhiana, this officer states that horse-breeding is making great
progress, and that 3 District Board stallions are fully employed. Our best
thanks are due to the Deputy Commissioner and District Board for the keen
interest they are taking in the matter.
The Superintendent, Civil Veterinary Department, North Punjab
states :—
"I think that ponies might be placed with good results in the following districts:"—
"
Bannu.—In this frontier district there are many small mares, too undersized to be branded If the Dis-
trict Board could provide funds for the purchase of 2 or 3 ponies, the progress of the breeding operations might
be greatly advanced.
Kohat.—Though one pony has been bought for this district this year, there is still room for one or two
more, though I am afraid the poorness of the district funds will prevent their being purchased for som time.
31