NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
44
9. The total number of eases treated and castrations per-
formed in the veterinary institutions was 15,604 as against
15,438 of last year :—
Year.
1928-29 .. .. ..
1927-28 .. .. ..
Number of cases
treated.
15,256
15,066
Castrations.
348
372
10. The number of cases supplied with medicines but not
brought to the veterinary institutions was as shown below:—
1928-29
1927-28
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
796
440
11. It is pleasing to note an increase in the daily average
attendance at the veterinary institutions, Adoni, Hospet,
Harpanahalle, Anantapur, Tenali and Koilkuntla.
(b) Itinerating Staff.
12. No new touring billets were opened. The number of
cases treated and castrations performed by the Touring staff is
noted below:—
Kind of disease.
Contagious ..
Non-contagious ..
Castrations ..
Number of Cases
treated.
3.214
3,847
526
Year.
1928-29
„
„
Number of cases
treated.
4,342
4,611
881
Tear.
1927-28
„
„
There is a fall in the number of cases treated and castra-
tions performed owing to prevalence of rinderpest and other
contagious diseases. Preference was given to attendance of
rinderpest outbreak reports.
III.—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
13. Rinderpest.—Nine hundred and twenty-three reports
were received this year as against 578 of last year. Six
hundred and fifty-five reports were attended and the remaining
were not attended for want of serum or owing to subsidence
of the disease.
The disease was very severe in Adoni, Grooty, Nandyal and
Dhone taluks. Only four reports were received from Guntur
district.
The provisions of the Madras Cattle Disease Act was
enforced in Bellary and Anantapur districts from 23rd Feb-
ruary 1928 and 21st February 1928 respectively for one year.
Compulsory inoculation was ordered in all the places where it
was found necessary.
45
The number of inoculations done against rinderpest are
shown below:—
Serum alone method .. .. ..
Serum simultaneous method ..
1928-29.
58,225
5,121
1927-28.
58,347
801
The ryots have now understood the benefits of serum
simultaneous inoculation and this method is gaining popularity.
There was opposition in two villages of Rayadrug taluk
for conducting inoculations by serum alone method and this
was overcome by prosecuting four men. Two of them were
fined and the rest discharged.
14. Anthrax.—The number of outbreak reports received
was 24, out of which 18 were attended. The rest were lodged
or were not attended as the disease subsided. No inoculations
were conducted against this disease.
This disease prevailed in a mild sporadic form.
15. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—Fifty-six outbreak reports
were received out of which 47 were attended and the rest were
not attended for want of progress reports.
It was severe in Guntur district and mild in other districts.
Two thousand three hundred and seventy inoculations were
conducted against this disease by serum alone method.
16. Black-quarter.—This disease was not so severe this
year. Ninty-one reports were received out of which 36 were
attended and others were not attended for want of time owing
to work against rinderpest. No inoculations were conducted
against this disease.
17. Foot-and-mouth disease.—The number of outbreak
reports received was 102 as against 113 of previous year.
This disease was severe in the western taluks of Bellary district
and mild in other districts. Sixty-nine reports were attended.
18. Rabies.—The brains of eight dogs were confirmed Nine
dogs and sixteen other domestic animals were suspected, but
confirmation was not sought for.
Nine dogs were given anti-rabic treatment.
19. Strangles.—Two pus smears from ponies suffering from
strangles were sent and they proved positive.
20. Kumri.—Two cases of kumri were diagnosed during
the year.
21. Surra.—One case was reported and was confirmed
microscopically. The case was destroyed under the Act and
the owner was paid a compensation of Rs. 50.
46
Two fatal eases were reported from Penukonda division
among cattle and the blood smears proved positive.
22. Spirochetosis.—One outbreak among poultry came to
notice in Bellary town and the examination of blood smears
proved positive.
23. Piroplasmosis.—One case was reported in a pony and
was confirmed microscopically.
24. Nasal granuloma.—Thirteen cases were treated with
antimonium tartaratum ; 6 were cured. No information was
available about the result of the other cases.
25. Specimens.—Ninety-two specimens were sent to the
Principal, Veterinary College, Madras, for microscopical exami-
nation.
IV.—MISCELLANEOUS WORK.
26. Criminal poisoning.—Seven postmortems were held in
connexion with cases of criminal poisoning. In none of them
poison was found.
27. Malicious injury.—Certificates were issued for 31 cases.
28. S.P.C.A.—Forty-one
certificates for wounds were
issued by the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Bellary. The
owners were convicted. No animals were remanded for treat-
ment.
The S.P.C.A. Act was extended to the Nandyal munici-
pality and the veterinary dispensary has been declared an
infirmary under the Act.
Animals of the Gorakshanasala, Bellary, Nandyal and
Adoni were being attended to by the concerned Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons. Serum simultaneous inoculations were
conducted on the animals of Gorakshanasala at Bellary and
Adoni.
29. Cattle fairs.—The annual cattle fairs at Kuruvatti,
Mylar, Hirehadagalle and Gudur were attended by the staff.
Mr. M. Anant Narayan Rao attended the cattle fair at Kuru-
vatti and delivered lantern lectures.
Demonstrations on castration with the Burdizzo castrator
were done at the Ryots' Conference at Nandyal and Allagadda
and in the former place lantern lectures were also given, in
addition, on cattle diseases and its prevention. Mr. M. Anant
Narayan Rao gave lantern lectures at Malpangudi and Hospet
and did propaganda work in many other villages which he
visited by having small discourses with the ryots. The cattle
fair at Kothacheruvu was stopped owing to prevalence of
rinderpest in the district.
47
30. Inspection of Government livestock.—The Government
livestock stationed at Hagari, Nandyal, Siddapuram and
Guntur were inspected by the Circle Officer and Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons concerned.
31. Meat inspection.—The municipalities of Bellary,
Hospet, Adoni, Kurnool and the Union Board, Gurzalla, con-
tinued to avail of the services of the local Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon for inspection of meat.
Whole-time Veterinary Assistant Surgeons for this work
were not entertained by the local bodies in this circle.
Mr. M. Anant Karayan Rao attended the union board
meeting at Madanapalle and suggested the utilization of the
services of the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon for meat inspection
and the construction of a lethal chamber.
A site for the construction of a lethal chamber for the
Tirupati municipality was also selected.
32. Research.—The study on Cercaria3 was continued by
M.R.Ry. M. Anant Narayan Rao Avargal, and it is hoped to
publish a note on it in the near future. The possibility of
0. Savigni being a carrier of piroplasmosis was begun but had
to be given up for want of time. On the animals of Gorakshana
Sabha in Bellary a study on the percentage of infection of T.
mutans was done after inoculating them with virus containing
the parasite and a report on it was submitted to the head
office.
33. General.—The staff found it necessary to complain
against nine village officers for slackness on their part in report-
ing outbreaks of contagious diseases and failure to co-operate with
the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in the discharge of the latter's
duties.
The following Veterinary Assistant Surgeons helped the
Circle Officer in conducting serum simultaneous inocula-
tions :—
Messrs. K. S. Ramachandran, N. Ramanathan, A. D.
Samuel, P. K. Rangesa Rao, T. M. Gangathara Konar, A. R.
Madusuthan, G. C. Sri Hari Naidu, and K. Ranganathan.
M.R.Ry. V. Hanumantha Rao, Tahsildar, Adoni, helped
considerably in arranging serum simultaneous inoculations on
a large scale in Adoni taluk. Mr. K. S. Ramachandran
arranged a large number of serum simultaneous camps agian
during this year.
7
48
In this circle 486 castrations were performed by Burdizzo
castrator as against 508 of the previous year. The fall is due
to the Touring Veterinary Assistant Surgeon being engaged in
combating rinderpest.
34. Office.—The clerks in this office have very meagre pros-
pects. They are a hard-worked lot. They have discharged their
duties satisfactorily. The long pending question of granting an
increased pay to the head clerk may be taken up at an early
date in order to maintain the efficiency of the office and secure
contentment amongst clerks.
The work turned out by the Personal Assistant attached to
this office was satisfactory and he conducted independently
some of serum simultaneous inoculation camps promptly and
effectively.
A. K. MITRA,
Acting Officer in charge, III Circle,
Civil Veterinary Department, Bellary.
49
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT OF THE IV
CIRCLE, CIVIL VETERINARY
DEPARTMENT,
MADRAS, FOR THE YEAR 1928-29.
I.—ADMINISTRATION.
Mr. A. J. Wilson, G.M.V.C., was in charge of this circle
from the beginning of the year up to 23rd May 1928 when he
went on leave for a month. I took charge of the circle on
23rd May 1928 afternoon and continued during the remainder
of the year as Mr. Wilson was transferred to Vellore to hold
charge of the newly constituted VII circle on the expiry of his
leave. The circle comprised, up to 2nd July 1928, of the
districts of Tanjore, South Arcot, Chingleput and North Arcot,
when as a result of redistribution of jurisdiction of the II, IV,
and VII Circles, the district of North Arcot with three institu-
tions and three touring billets was transferred to VII Circle,
Vellore, and in its place the district of Nellore with four institu-
tions and five touring billets, including the Chintaladevi cattle
farm, was added to this circle.
2. Mr. Wilson spent 32 days on tour; paid three visits to
Veterinary Hospital, Saidapet, inspected the Veterinary Hospital,
Saidapet, and the work of the second Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geon, Saidapet; paid a surprise visit to the Veterinary Hospital,
Tanjore, in connexion with the investigation of a case; inspected
the lethal chamber at Kumbakonam; conducted a black-quarter
aggression inoculation camp; conducted the practical examination
in animal hygiene for B.Sc. (Agriculture) at Coimbatore and
also attended the meeting of the Board of Examiners, B.Sc.
(Agriculture) Degree Examination during 1928.
3. I was on tour for 171 days. All the institutions and
touring billets were inspected once and 9 institutions and 7
touring billets twice. I visited the Headquarter Hospital,
Saidapet, nine times, and assisted the Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon in charge. I conducted II serum simultaneous inocu-
lation camps in the circle against rinderpest. Virus supplied
from the Madras Veterinary College was generally used and
whenever this supply failed, local virus was drawn and supplied
to the staff. The college laboratory was twice supplied with
local virus from the field, on demand.
50
4. I selected buildings at Vellore for the location of the
office of the VII Circle; inspected certain sites at Sembiam and
Conjeeveram in regard to the opening of a new dispensary at
the former and construction of permanent buildings at the latter;
visited Tranquebar and Kodavalur with regard to ascertaining
the suitability of the places for opening new dispensaries; and
accompanied the Director of Veterinary Services to Chintaladevi
Agricultural Farm in connexion with the investigation of
contagious abortion among the farm animals.
5. I had the opportunity to attend the Seventh South
Arcot District Co-operative Exhibition held at Vriddhachalam.
I visited Pondicherry at the request of His Excellency the
Governor of Pondicherry and discussed with the Members of
His Government the ways and means of combating the outbreak
of rinderpest in the Settlement. In response to a complaint
received from the President of the Poonamallee Co-operative
Milk Supply Society, Limited, that the hides shop in Poona-
mallee was a source of spreading contagious diseases to the local
cattle, I visited the shop and its vicinities and was satisfied that
the complaint of the President was justified, and accordingly
recommended the removal of the shop to a place outside the
Cantonment limits.
6. As usual, I conducted the periodical inspection of the
stationery, stores and furniture of the office of the Director of
Veterinary Services.
II.— EXECUTIVE STAFF.
7. On the 31st March 1929 the staff consisted of 33
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons as against 29 of the previous
year. There was no casualty among the staff.
(a) Hospitals and Dispensaries.
8. A new dispensary was opened at Nannilam on 15th
November 1928; and the old dispensary at Kumbakonam was
raised to the status of a hospital from 1st January 1929 on
which date it was moved to the new permanent buildings com-
pleted during the year. The total number of hospitals and
dispensaries, including the Chintaladevi Cattle Farm Hospital,
at the end of year was 6 and 11 respectively.
9. Most of the institutions worked satisfactorily and showed
an increase in the number of cases treated and castrations per-
formed, viz., 22,135 as against 21,461 of the previous year.
There was a slight fall in in-patients in Saidapet and Cuddalore
institutions, and a heavy fall in the attendance of cases in the
Kallakurichi dispensary. The falling off in cases was due to
51
the severity of rinderpest throug hout the year. In the ease of
Negapatam, the slight fall in out-patients was clue to the large
exodus of families from Negapatam consequent on the removal
of the South Indian Railway workshops to Golden Rock. The
new dispensary at Nannilam has made a satisfactory start.
10. The number of cases not brought to the hospitals and
dispensaries but supplied with medicines during the year rose
from 297 of the previous year to 673. The large number of
contagious cases supplied with medicines is responsible for the
large increase under this item.
11. With regard to the conversion of certain dispensaries
into hospitals, the sites selected for the Veterinary dispensaries
at Tiruvalur and Chingleput have reached almost a definite
stage in which the respective Collectors have been corresponded
with for their opinion and appointment of site selection
committees. In the case of Mayavaram and Conjeeveram, the
matter is still under correspondence.
12. The additional duty of attending outbreak reports by
the Veterinary Assistant Surgeons in charge of Tindivanam and
Venkatagiri dispensaries was removed during the year as they
were treating more than 15 cases a day on an average. Conse-
quent on the prevalence of rinderpest on a large scale in
Chingleput, South Arcot and Tanjore districts all the Veterinary
Assistant Surgeons in charge of the Veterinary dispensaries in
these districts, except Negapatam, were required to attend to
the outbreak reports of the taluks in which the institutions are
situated. The Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in charge, Veteri-
nary Dispensary, Tiruvalur, who was also attending to outbreak
reports, was subsequently exempted from touring work as the
attendance of cases at the institution was over 20 daily and he
had in addition to attend to meat inspection work.
(b) Touring Establishment.
13. As it stood on 31st March 1929, the touring staff were
17 in number, of whom two were attached to the institutions at
Saidapet and Kumbakonam as Second Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons.
14. A comparative statement of the cases treated and
castrations performed by the touring staff is furnished below:—
Year.
1927-28
1928-29
Cases treated.
Contagious
cases.
1,649
4,876
Non-
contagious.
3,292
2,855
Castrations.
604
599
52
The total number of castrations performed during the year
is 1,169 as against 1,186 of the previous year. Of this number,
641 were performed by the Burdizzo method. The Touring
staff are responsible for 292 castrations and the remaining
castrations were performed at the several institutions in the
circle. The decrease in the number of castrations was due to
the Touring staff being otherwise engaged in inoculation work.
III.—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,
15. Rinderpest.—Out of the 1,833 rinderpest outbreak
reports received during the year, 110 reports were not
attended to for the following reasons :—Thirty for want of time
as they were received towards the end of the year and in 80
the outbreak had subsided. The disease was very severe in
the districts of Chingleput, South Arcot and Tanjore and mild
in Nellore district. Twenty thousand and eighty-seven inocu-
lations by the serum alone method and 25,824 by the serum
simultaneous method were performed during the year as against
27,053 and 59 respectively of the previous year. The casualty
among the animals inoculated by serum alone and serum simul-
taneous methods were only 44 and 38 respectively. The disease
having been very severe and widespread in South Arcot district,
a large number (12) of Veterinary Assistant Surgeons had to be
concentrated in the district and as many as 15,834 animals were
protected by serum simultaneous method in this district alone.
The additional hand posted to Chingleput district during the
previous year with headquarters at Conjeeveram, still continues
to work there. In the cases of two villages of Papanasam taluk,
i.e., Melattur and Manakkal, compulsory inoculation was resorted
to owing to the persistent refusal of the ryots to get their animals
inoculated when the disease was raging in these villages. The
weekly cattle fairs in the districts of Chingleput and South Arcot
and Tekkal in Tanjore district and the annual cattle fair of
Koovagam in South Arcot were all kept closed to prevent
movement of cattle.
16. Regarding the source of infection, the disease continued
to prevail in Chingleput district from the previous year. In
South Arcot district the infection has been traced to cattle taken
from Wallajabad weekly cattle fair of Chingleput district. In
Tanjore district the infection was traced to cattle coming from
North Arcot and Ramnad districts periodically during the sum-
mer months of May 1928. And in Nellore district, a rinderpest
affected bull belonging to a class of wandering tribes from
Kurnool district died in a village of Kanigiri taluk. After the
53
gypsies left the place, the carcase left behind was skinned and
the remains were scattered about on the grazing grounds by the
villagers, which caused the outbreak of the disease in that
taluk.
17. The proposal of the Royal Commission on Agriculture
relating to inoculations by serum-simultaneous method agaiust
rinderpest in actual outbreak reports in preference to the serum-
alone method was given effect to in this circle with very
encouraging results. More inoculations by this method could
have been performed if the supplies of serum and virus were
regular and continuous.
18. Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—Two hundred and thirty
reports were received, of which 16 were not attended to as the
disease had subsided and one was pending attendance at the end
of the year. It was prevalent in the districts of Tanjore,
Chingleput and Nellore, being severe in Tanjore district.
Two thousand and nine inoculations were performed against the
disease with only two casualties amongst the inoculated animals.
More attention could not be devoted to the outbreak reports of
this disease as rinderpest reports were given precedence.
19. Black-quarter.—Fifty-six reports in all were received
from the four districts, of which 15 were not attended to as
the disease had subsided. Nine hundred and forty-three
inoculations were performed against the disease.
20. Anthrax.—One hundred and one reports were received,
of which 78 were attended to and in the others the outbreak
had subsided.
21. Foot-and-mouth.—Out of the 77 reports received, 67
were attended to and 10 were not attended as the disease had
subsided.
22. Ephemeral fever.—One report was received from
Chingleput district and the same was attended to promptly.
23. Piroplasmosis.—Ten cases were declared positive after
microscopical examination.
24. Trypanosomiasis.—Two cases of trypanosomiasis were
confirmed microscopically—one in a pony which died before
steps were taken for its destruction and the other in a bullock
at the Veterinary Dispensary, Negapatam.
25. Bovine lymphangitis.—The diagnosis in 10 cases were
confirmed by the miscroscope during the year. Of these, two
received vaccine treatment with good results.
26. Spirochætosis.—Four cases were declared positive after
microscopical examination.
54
27. Avian tuberculosis.—Acid fast bacilli indistinguishable
from avain tuberculosis bacilli were detected in the sections
from the liver and intestines of a turkey sent by the Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon in charge, Veterinary Dispensary, Nega-
patam. Another ease sent by the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon
in charge, Veterinary Hospital, Saidapet, was also declared
positive.
28. Rabies.—Twenty-four cases of rabies were brought to the
notice of the staff during the year, of which 16 cases were con-
firmed microscopically; five dogs and one goat received anti-rabic
treatment, of which four dogs and one goat were reported to be
doing well after three months from date of treatment.
29. Musth.—Two elephants were treated for musth.
30. Anaphylactic shock was observed in a bullock within
half an hour after serum simultaneous method of inoculation,
and the result was fatal.
31. Urethral calculi were collected from a bullock in
Negapatam and sent to the Director of Deficiency Diseases
Enquiry at Coonoor.
32. Other diseases.—Twenty miscellaneous reports were
received by the staff and 11 were attended to. No further
progress reports were received from the others.
IV.—MISCELLANEOUS.
33. Criminal poisoning.—The staff conducted seven post
mortem examinations on cases suspected for criminal poisoning
and materials were sent to the Chemical Examiner. In five
cases no poison was detected, and the results of the other two
are awaited.
34. Malicious injury.—Thirty-one post mortem and wound
certificates were issued by the staff. In one case the party
was fined Rs. 5; in another the parties compromised; in four,
the cases were thrown out on various grounds; three cases were
not proceeded with by the police; the results are not known in
21 cases, and one case is pending.
35. Government Live-stock.—The Government animals at
the Agricultural Farm at Aduthurai, the calves of the King
Institute, Gruindy, the conservancy bullocks belonging to the
St. Thomas Cantonment, Government live-stock at Borstal
School, Tanjore, the Municipal cattle at Kumbakonam, the
bullocks at the Agricultural Farms at Palakuppam and Palur
were inspected by the respective staff as usual and advice given
whenever necessary. The stud-bulls at Valarpuram and
Karalapakkam were also inspected during the year.