NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
9
number of convictions, the figures for the year being 3,147 and
1,703 respectively. Out of the total number of convictions
only 1,454 cases were remanded to Veterinary hospitals for
treatment.
44. Forest live-stock.—The health of the forest live-stock
continued to be satisfactory. Ninety-one elephants were
treated for worms against 22 of last year. No disease of any
contagious nature was prevalent among the elephants of the
Forest Department. Four Government bullocks and 15 buffa-
loes were protected against 'Rinderpest' by serum simultaneous
method of inoculation.
45. Public Health.—The staff of this department continued
to carry out meat inspection work on behalf of municipalities.
A few of these municipalities continued to employ whole-time
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons for this work. Several munici-
palities availed of the services of the local Veterinary Assistant
Surgeon as usual. During this year, the Union Board, Bobbili,
and the Venkatagiri Municipality commenced to utilize the
services of the local Veterinary Assistant Surgeon while the
Anakapalli Municipality and the Union at Madanapalle dis-
continued it.
46. Fairs and shows.—No cattle and pony show was held
during the year. Several annual and weekly cattle fairs were
closed during the year on account of the severity of Rinderpest.
The Cattle Disease Act was enforced throughout the year in the
Nilgiris district and in Nilakkottai and Uttamapalayam taluks
of Madura district.
VII.—FINANCE.
47. According to the registers of this office, the expendi-
ture of the department was Rs. 10,31,635-8-11 as compared
with Rs. 8,34,851-15-5 of the previous year. There was an
increase under each sub-head except under 'Direction' and
this was mainly due to the general expansion of the depart-
ment such as recruitment of new officers to the Provincial
service, the opening of a new circle and additional Veterinary
institutions and to the large indents for anti-rinderpest serum.
The receipts of the department amounted to Rs. 26,729-8-9 as
against Rs. 26,858-1-6 of last year.
VIII.—PROGRAMME OF WORK FOR 1929-30.
48. Education.—The Madras Veterinary College will
continue its graduate and post-graduate courses. The Govern-
ment have sanctioned the purchase of a cinema apparatus and
a few films in order to add to the efficiency of the college in
the matter of training students.
10
49. The question of revising the curriculum of studies at
the Madras Veterinary College has been engaging the attention
of this department for some time past. The Royal Commission
on Agriculture recently laid emphasis on maintaining a high
standard of education at the Veterinary institutions of this
country. Detailed proposals have accordingly been submitted
to Government towards the end of this year to raise the
standard of teaching at the Madras Veterinary College. The
matter is now under consideration of the Government.
50. Research.—The Bacteriological and Parasitological
sections of the College laboratory will continue the several
items of research work which have been taken on hand during
this year, the most important work being the research on
Bovine Lymphangitis.
51. "With a view to ensure a regular supply of virus
required for carrying on a successful campaign against Rinder-
pest, the Government have sanctioned necessary funds to con-
tinue the preparation of the virus at the Madras Veterinary
College during 1929-30. The Government have also sanction-
ed the proposals to conduct experiments at the Madras Veteri-
nary
common disease of cattle known as Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.
These experiments will be conducted at the College laboratory
during this year.
52. The production of Rinderpest Virus and many other
items of research work which have been entrusted to the Patho-
logical section of the College Laboratory have in consequence
increased the work of this section considerably. Three addi-
tional Veterinary Assistant Surgeons have therefore been
sanctioned for work in this section with effect from 1st April
1929.
53. Contagious disease.—To combat the ravages of Rinder-
pest it has been found absolutely necessary to increase the
staff of the department to carry out serum simultaneous inocu-
lations on a large scale. The Government have accordingly
been pleased to sanction the creation of five additional circles,
and it should result in a larger number of inoculations being
performed.
54. Non-contagious disease.—Six additional dispensaries and
three touring billets have been sanctioned for this year. It is
hoped that it will be possible to open these dispensaries and
touring billets during this year itself as there is a sufficient
number of Veterinary graduates available.
Plate No. 5.
A VIEW OF THE KURUVATHI CATTLE FAIR
CAMP VETERINARY DISPENSARY, KURUVATHI.
EXHIBITION PANDAL AT KURUVATHI WHERE THE VETTERINARY ASSISTANT
SURGEON
IS
EXPLAINING
VETERINARY MATTERS.
11
55. Propaganda.—In the last year's Administration Report
a brief outline of the future activities of the department in
this direction had already been indicated. A definite start on
propaganda work was undertaken during the year under report.
The Professor of Pathology prepared a short story, illustrated
by lantern slides, to bring home to the minds of the public
the importance of paying prompt attention to contagious
diseases among animals. Preparation of charts, specimens and
lantern slides depicting important cattle diseases was also pro-
ceeded with during the year. The staff of the department
participated in Health and Baby Week Shows and exhibited
various items of popular and scientific interest. Opportunities
of meeting ryots in large numbers at the cattle fairs and exhibi-
tions were used to the best advantage and the officers of the
department who held camp dispensaries on those occasions
conducted demonstrations and lectures with lantern slides.
Leaflets on some of the most important diseases of the animals
prevalent in this Presidency are being distributed free to the
ryots and to the Societies for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
Action on the above lines will be continued during 1929-30
and every effort will be made by the staff of this department
to give more tangible results in the near future. Besides,
proposals for having a motor laboratory outfit intended mainly
for propaganda work in rural areas are under consideration and
with the equipment of this motor laboratory, the department
hopes to familiarize the ryots in veterinary matters in a much
shorter period than it would otherwise be possible.
MADRAS,
12th July 1929.
T. J. HURLEY,
Acting Director of Veterinary Services.
12
ADMINISTRATION REPORT OF THE MADRAS
VETERINARY COLLEGE FOR THE YEAR 1928-29.
I.—ADMINISTRATION.
Mr. P. T. Saunders acted as Principal from 1st April 1928
to 20th September 1928 when he went on leave and Mr. T. J.
Hurley, Acting Professor of Surgery, assumed charge of the
office of Principal on 21st September 1928 and continued to hold
it till the end of the year. M.R.Ry. V. Krishnamurti Ayyar
Avargal continued as Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology
during the year under report.
Mr. G. T. D'Silva, Assistant Professor and Personal Assist-
ant to the Principal, continued to be on leave preparatory to
retirement throughout the year. Mr. M. R. V. Panikkar acted
as Professor of Surgery from 1st April 1928 to 13th August
1928 and as Assistant Professor and Personal Assistant from
14th August 1928 to the end of the year. Mr. K. S. Nair,
Madras Veterinary Service, Officer on probation, acted as Assist-
ant Professor and Personal Assistant from 1st April 1928 to
13th August 1928 when he was posted to the Coimbatore Circle
for the relief of Mr. Kailasam Ayyar. He rejoined the staff of
this College and acted as Professor of Surgery from 21st Sep-
tember 1928 to the close of the year. Mr. G. A. Ajwani, an
officer directly recruited to the Provincial Service on probation
in a temporary vacancy, was posted to this College for training
and he was working in the College from 10th December 1928
to 17th March 1929 when he was transferred to the Bezwada
Circle.
There has been no permanent addition to the subordinate
staff of the College during the year under report.
One of the newly appointed Veterinary Assistant Surgeons,
A. K. Kumaran, who was posted to this College for training,
joined duty on 24th January 1929 and continued to work in
the College till the end of the year.
Mr. Rama Menon, a Veterinary Inspector, was deputed
during the year to the College by the Cochin State for training
for two months in serum simultaneous method of inoculation
against rinderpest. He joined the College on 15th March
1929 and was attached to the Laboratory and given instruction
in the method of preparing rinderpest virus and other labora-
tory techniques concerning it. Since the close of the year, he
finished his training and returned to Cochin.
13
II.—INSTRUCTION.
(a) Selection of candidates.—The committee constituted for
the purpose assembled at Bezwada and Madras and selected 40
students, distributed according to the different communities as
shown below, for admission into the I year class :—
Brahmans ..
Non-Brahmans
Indian Christians
Muhammadans
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
13
16
4
7
As some of these students selected did not join the College
and as some who joined, left it in a few days, a few additional
students were subsequently taken in to make up the deficiency
in numbers. The strength of the I year class at the end of the
year was 40 including the failed students of the previous year.
Of this number, 34 were stipendiary, and six non-stipendiary
students. The total number of students in the College on 31st
March 1929 was 98, of whom 49 were Brahmans, 30 Non-
Brahmans (including one student of the Federated Malay
States), ten Muhammadans, eight Indian Christians, and one
Anglo-Indian.
(b) Selection Committee.—The following members appoint-
ed to the Committee constituted for the selection of candidates
for admission to the Madras Veterinary College continued to
serve on the Committee during the year under report:—
Madras .. ..
Members
..
..
Bezwada .. ..
Members
..
..
1. The Principal (Exofficio President).
2. The Rev. Dr. Meston.
3. M.R.Ry. Diwan Bahadur Sir T.
Desikachariyar, Kt.
4. M.R.Ry. Rao Bahadur M. C. Raja
Avargal.
5. M R.Ry. Diwan Bahadur O. Thanika-
chalam Chettiyar Avargal.
1. The Principal (Exofficio President).
2. The Rev. C. W. J. Grumbley.
3. M.R.Ry. Rai Bahadur K. Gopalakrish-
nayya Garu.
4. Saivid Muhammad Padsha
Sahib
|
Bahadur.
5. M.R.Ry. G. Vandanam Garu.
The Committee met at Bezwada on 30th June 1928 and at
Madras on 2nd July 1928 and selected candidates for admis-
sion. The term of office of the present Committee, viz., three
14
years, having expired on 23rd March 1929, proposals were
submitted for the re-constitution of the Committee during the
year and the orders of Government are awaited.
(c) Scholarships.—The number of stipends of the value of
Rs. 15 per mensem was hitherto only fifteen for each class and
during the year under report, the number was increased to
forty with effect from 1st July 1928
(d) Professional examinations.--The annual professional
examinations were held from the 18th to 27th March 1929
both days inclusive and the following officers constituted the
Board :—
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Mr. K. Hewlett, Principal, Bombay Veteri-
nary College
Mr. F. Ware, Director of Veterinary Services,
Madras.
Mr. T. J. Hurley, Principal, Madras Veteri-
nary College.
M.R.Ry. V. Krishnamurti Ayyar Avargal,
Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology,
Madras Veterinary College.
Mr. M. Crawford, Assistant Government Veteri-
nary Surgeon, Colombo.
President.
Members.
The results of the examinations were as follows :—
Class.
A
B
C
Number appeared.
40
29
27
Number passed.
27
20
20
Percentage.
67.50
68.96
74.07
The Board of Examiners considered that the results of the
examinations were satisfactory and that the students were well
taught.
A supplementary examination was also held in the first
week of October 1928 for certain B and C class students who
failed in the annual examinations held in March 1928. Five
students appeared for the examinations and the subjects in
which they were examined were Botany, Handling, Anatomy,
and Shoeing. All the five students were successful.
(e) Post-graduate course.—A post-graduate course was
as usual held at this College for a period of six months
from July to December 1928. Nine Veterinary Graduates
(six from the Civil Veterinary Department, and three from the
Federated Malay States) attended the course. The usual
15
examination was held at the end of the course from 19th
December 1928 to 21st December 1928 by an Examining
Board, the members of which were :—
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6
Mr. F. Ware, Director of Veterinary Services.
Mr. T. J. Hurley, Principal, Madras Veterinary
College.
M.R.Ry. V. Krishnamurti Ayyar Avargal,
Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology,
Madras Veterinary College.
M.R.Ry. H. C. Sampath Ayyangar Avargal,
Circle Officer.
M.R.Ry. M. R. V. Panikkar Avargal, Acting
Assistant Professor and Personal Assistant to
the Principal, Madras Veterinary College.
M.R.Ry. K. S. Nair Avargal, Acting Professor
of Surgery, Madras Veterinary College.
President.
Members.
Out of the nine candidates who appeared for the examina-
tion six were successful and obtained the certificates issued by
the College.
The Board of Examiners made the following remark:—
"A moderate class of nine, four of whom were placed in
the second class, two in the third class, and there were three
failures."
Several points relating to the improvement of the method of
teaching in certain subjects were discussed by the Board at its
meeting held on the last day of the examinations and the
suggestions of the Board will be given effect to in future years.
(f) Health, discipline, and athletic activities of the
students.—The health and discipline of the students during the
year under report was generally good. The usual games were
played regularly and students evinced a good deal of interest in
them. The College foot-ball team competed, as usual, in the
various tournaments in Madras and gave a fairly good account
of themselves. The College was placed third in the Inter-
Collegiate foot-ball tournament. The usual College Day Annual
Sports was held in February 1929 and the function was a
success.
III.—HOSPITALS.
(a) Madras Veterinary College Hospital—(1) Admission
and treatment.—The Veterinary hospital attached to this College
continued to provide veterinary aid to the public during the
year under report. The number of: cases admitted and treated
at the hospital is shown in the following table:—
In-patients ..
Out-patients ..
Total ..
Equines.
193
150
343
Bovines.
204
655
759
Others.
433
1,666
2,099
Total.
830
2,371
3,201
3
16
During the year under report the brains of 42 dogs, two
calves, one horse and one cat were sent to the Pasteur Institute
Coonoor, for microscopical examination, and of these, 34 were
reported to be positive, 8 inconclusive, and 4 unfit for
examination.
The following statement shows the major and minor
operations performed in the hospital during the year :—
Major operations.
Minor operations.
Castrations ..
Total ..
Horses.
5
2
2
9
Cattle.
10
33
10
53
Other
animals.
3
169
3
175
Total.
18
204
15
237
The shoeing forge attached to the College hospital
continued to work satisfactorily during the year under report.
One thousand and eighty-eight horses were shoed and the shoes
of 125 horses removed and repaired.
(2) Fees.—In previous years fees were charged for all
animals, with a few exceptions, admitted to the hospital for
treatment irrespective of the income of the owners. During
the year under report fees were ordered to be collected from the
owners of animals who are in receipt of an income of Rs. 200
per mensem and over, and a revised scale of fees for admission
and operations was also fixed. The revised rates for admission
were introduced from the month of October 1928 and those for
operations from the month of February 1929.
The following statement compares the number of cases
treated at the hospital and the fees collected during the last
year (1927-28) and the year under report (1928-29):—
1927-28 ..
1928-29 ..
Total number
of cases treated.
.. 2,737
.. 3,201
Total receipts of
the hospital
(excluding Col-
lege fees, but
including
shoeing
forge
and room-rent.
collections).
RS.
11,967
11,183
A.
8
12
P.
9
10
While there has been, as a result of the introduction of the
revised scales of fees, a slight fall in the receipts, a marked
increase in the number of cases that attended the hospital has
been recorded.
17
(b) Rayapuram Dispensary.—With a view to provide
treatment for out-patients in the northern part of the city and
in order to improve the amount of clinical material available for
the students of this College, Government sanctioned the opening
of a branch dispensary at Rayapuram during the year under
report and the dispensary was opened on 14th January 1929 in
a portion of the Government building in the compound of the
old jail formerly occupied by the Government Telegraph Stores
at Rayapuram. An assistant lecturer of the College has been
in charge of the dispensary from the date of its opening to the
end of the year.
The routine work of the dispensary is conducted in the
mornings only and during the period of 2½ months the dispen-
sary has been in existence there have been 119 admissions of
which 5 were equines, 27 bovines, and 87 others being canines.
The average daily attendance for the period was 11.40. All
treatment at this institution is free and there is a fair prospect
of the dispensary gaining popularity.
IV.—LABORATORY.
(A) Pathological Section.
This section was under the immediate charge of M.R.Ry. V.
Krishnamurti Ayyar Avargal, Professor of Pathology and
Bacteriology. The subordinate staff consisted of two laboratory
assistants and an assistant lecturer.
The number of specimens received and examined during the
year in this section of the laboratory is given below :—
1. From the staff of the Civil Veterinary depart-
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
ment .. .. .. ..
From the Corporation of Madras ..
„
Agricultural department ..
„
Forest department .. ..
„
Different wards of the College
..
..
..
..
..
„
Tasker Veterinary Hospital, Bangalore.
„
Rinderpest virus production camp
..
Total ..
582
4
174
2
114
15
4,021
4,912
18
The following table gives the number of specimens
confirmed microscopically for the several diseases:—
1. Anthrax
..
..
..
..
2. Tuberculosis .. .. ..
3. Hæmorrhagic septicæmia
..
..
4. Fowl cholera .. .. ..
5. Black quarter .. .. ..
6. Bovine lymphangitis .. ..
7. Johne's disease .. .. ..
8. Streptococci .. .. ..
9. Rhinosporidium
..
..
..
10. Nasal granuloma due to streptothrix ..
11. Rabies .. .. .. ..
17
2
47
1
54
26
1
11 (8 equines)
1
8
28
In addition to the above, four samples of industrial materials
were examined during the year, out of which anthrax infection
was detected in three of them.
Special mention deserves to be made of the following :—
1. A case of anthrax was detected in a lion belonging to
one of the Circus troupes that played in Madras during July
last. The history of the case showed that the animal was found
quite all right and played its part at the forenoon show, but when
it was about to be taken for the night show it was observed to
be vomiting blood with a discharge from the nostrils and expired
in a few minutes. The proprietor suspected the case as one of
poisoning and the carcase was sent to the College for post-mortem
examination by the Police. Appearances presented by the
carcase were very suspicious of anthrax and smears made from
the auricular vein revealed anthrax bacilli in numbers.
Cultures and animal inoculations were also made from the ear
vein at the same time and these confirmed the original finding.
The source of infection could not however be traced.
2. Authenticated cases of tuberculosis in fowls were
recorded for the first time in this Presidency in morbid materials
from two fowls which were sent to the laboratory by the
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Negapatam, and the Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon, Saidapet. They were received preserved in
5 per cent formalin solution, and no further tests for the identi-
fication of the type of the bacilli could be made.
3. Of the pathological lesions reported occurrence of.
carcinoma in animals continued to be a predominant feature.
Post-mortem examination.—The number of post-mortems
conducted was 95. This excludes those made on animals that
died in the conduct of different items of research work in
progress during the year or in connexion with rinderpest virus
production.
19
The infection of spirocerca sanguinolenta in dogs, especially
in the foxhounds of the Madras Hunt, and cirrhosis of liver in
dogs formed some of the important conditions met with in these
post-mortems.
Vaccines.—During the year 108 doses of vaccine were pre-
pared for the treatment of different conditions and supplied to
the staff, of which 90 doses were for the treatment of Bovine
lymphangitis alone.
(B) Parasitological Section.
M.R.Ry. M. R. V. Panikkar Avargal, Assistant Professor
and Personal Assistant to the Principal, continued to be in
charge of this section during the year under report in addition
to his other duties, and the Senior Laboratory Assistant of the
College was attached to the section to assist the officer in
charge.
The following table shows the number of specimens received
and examined in this section of the Laboratory and Clinical
Laboratory since its opening from different sources :—
(1) From the staff of the Civil Veterinary
department
..
..
..
..
(2) From the Corporation of Madras .. ..
(3)
Do. Forest department .. ..
(4)
Do. different wards of the College and
the College Rinderpest Camp (S.S. inocu-
lation) .. .. .. .. ..
(5) Specimens received from the College and
examined at the Clinical Laboratory
..
Grand total of Parasitological specimens
560
135
8
2,161
2,864
1,635
4,499
The above figures do not include the large number of speci-
mens examined in connexion with research work.
20
The following table shows the classified list of specimens
received and examined during the year :—
(a) Smears.—
(1) Piroplasma canis
(2)
Do.
gibsoni
.. ..
.. ..
(3)
Do.
bigeminum ..
(4) Theileria specimen
(5) Piroplasma equi
(6) Trypanosomes
(7) Spirochetes ..
(8) Hepatazon canis
(9) Hæmoproteus
(10) Plasmodiam . .
(11) Anthrax ..
(12) Tuberculosis ..
(13) Others ..
(14) Negative ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
.. ..
Total ..
Parasitological
Section.
15
8
129
483
1
63
7
18
1
4
5
12
4
1,039
1,789
Clinical
Laboratory.
23
6
1
39
..
9
6
5
..
..
1
5
12
731
838
Mention may be made of the record made during the year
of Plasmodium and Hæmoproteus specimen in fowls and also
Trypanosoma theileria in cattle.
(b) Fæces.—Six hundred and ninety-three specimens of
fæces were examined during the year. Of these, 385 were
positive for worm eggs. The following worm eggs and
coccidia were found in the routine examination of fæces :—
(1) Anchylostomes.
(2) Belascaris.
(3) Toxascaris.
(4) Ascaris.
(5) Strongyles.
(6) Spirocerca.
(7) Trichuris.
(8) Tænia.
(9) Dipylidium.
(10) Moneizia.
(11) Eimeria from cattle,
sheep, fowl and
rabbits.
(12) Isospora from dog
and cat.
In the Clinical Laboratory 532 specimens were examined,
out of which 163 were negative.
(c) Scrapings.—Five hundred and forty-seven specimens
of scrapings were examined both in the Parasitological section