NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
Medical Officers of the Army of India .
119
of the plant had been for some time exposed to strong, direct sunshine. Under
such circumstances, there was much more complete and extensive action than
under the conditions present in the case of the experiments of the preceding
table, the cut leaves acting completely in 13 of the 15 cases, and action extend
- i n g t o a s e c o n d l e a f i n o n e .
TABLE VI.— General Table of Results of Application of Heat to the tips of
Distal Pinnules.
No. of
Experi -
ment.
Resul t.
A.—Heat applied to tips of distal pinnules of distal pinnæ.
1 Spreading, centripetal action in that pinna ; action in the primary pulvinus ; action
in the remaining pinnæ ; action in the primary pulvinus alone of the second leaf
beneath the heated one ; action in the primary pulvinus of the first leaf below ;
action in the primary pulvinus of the first leaf above.
2 Spreading, centripetal action in the pinnules of that pinna ; commencement of
action in the other distal pinna; action in the primary pulvinus.
3 Spreading, centripetal action in that pinna ; action in the primary pulvinus ; action
in the other distal pinna.
4 Spreading, centripetal action in that pinna ; conspicuous action in the secondary
pulvini ; immediate action of the primary pulvinus ; spreading, centrifugal
action in the pinnules of the other pinn.
5 Spreading action in that pinna ; pause ; action in primary pulvinus ; action in
secondary pulvini and pinnules of the other pinn.
6 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in the secondary pulvini ; action in the
primary pulvinus ; spreading, centrifugal action in the other pinnæ.
7
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
8 Spreading action in that pinna ; long pause ; action in the secondary pulvinus
of the proximal pinna of the same side and spreading, centrifugal action of the
pinnules ; action of the other distal secondary pulvini and of the primary
pulvinus ; spreading, centrifugal action in the pinnules of the second distal
pinna ; action in the other proximal pinna.
9 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in the other distal secondary pulvinus ;
action in the primary pulvinus ; action in the remaining secondary pulvini
and pinnules.
120
Scientific Memoirs by
TABLE VI.—General Table of Results of Application of Heat to the tips of
Distal Pinnules—continued.
No. of
Experi -
ment.
Resul t,
1 0 Action in that pinna ; strong action in all the secondary pulvini ; action in primary
pulvinus, and spreading, centrifugal action in the pinnules of the other three
pinnæ ; action in one leaf below and in two above.
1 1 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in its secondary pulvinus
and in the primary pulvinus ; action in the remaining secondary pulvini and
pinnules.
12 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; strong action in all the secondary
pulvini ; spreading, centrifugal action in the pinnæ of the opposite side of the
leaf, and action in the primary pulvinus ; action in the proximal pinna of the
same side ; centrifugal action in the two leaves immediately above.
13 Action in that pinna ; action in the secondary pulvini of the opposite distal pinna
and of the proximal pinna of the affected side of the leaf ; commencing action
in their pinnules, and action in the primary pulvinus ; action in the proximal
pinna of the opposite side.
14 Spreading action in that pinna ; pause ; action in the primary pulvinus ; action in
the remaining pinnæ.
15 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in the other distal pinna ; commencing
action in the proximal pinna of that side, and action in the primary pulvinus ;
action in the other proximal pinnæ.
16 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in the primary pulvinus ; action in the
remaining pinnæ.
17 Action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in the secondary pulvini ; action of
the primary pulvinus, and commencing action in the other distal pinna ; action
in the proximal pinnæ.
18 Action in the pinnules of that pinna; action in the secondary pulvinus of that
pinna ; centrifugal action in the other distal pinna; commencing action in the
proximal pinna of the affected side, and action in the primary pulvinus ; action
in the other proximal pinna.
19 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna; action in secondary and primary
pulvini ; action in the remaining pinnæ; action in the leaf immediately
above.
2 0 Spreading action in the pinnules and secondary pulvinus of that pinna; action in
the primary pulvinus ; action in the other pinnæ.
Medical Officers of the Army of India.
121
TABLE VI.— General Table of Results of Application of Heat to the tips of
Dis-tal Pinnules—continued.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
B.—Heat applied to the tip of a proximal pinna.
21 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in its secondary pulvinus ;
action in the primary pulvinus, and spreading action in the distal pinna of the
affected side ; action in the opposite distal pinna.
22 Spreading action in the pinnules and secondary pulvinus of that pinna ; commenc-
ing action in the distal pinna of that side ; action in the primary pulvinus ;
action in the other pinnæ.
23 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in all the secondary
pulvini ; action in the primary pulvinus, and commencing action in the pinnules
of the distal pinna of the affected side ; action in the other pinnæ.
24 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action of both secondary pulvini of
that side of the leaf ; action in the primary pulvinus ; pause ; action in the
pinnules of the distal pinna of the affected side ; action in the other pinnæ.
25 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in its secondary pulvinus ;
action in the secondary pulvinus of the distal pinna of the same side of the leaf,
and commencing action in its pinnules ; action in the secondary pulvinus of
the other distal pinna, and commencing action in its pinnules ; action in the
primary pulvinus; action in the other proximal pinna ; long pause ; action in
the primary pulvinus of the leaf next below ; long pause ; partial action in its
secondary pulvini and pinnules.
26 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; long pause ; action in the second-
ary pulvinus of that pinna, and immediate action in the primary pulvinus ; no
further result.
27 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; strong action in its secondary
pulvinus ; action in the secondary pulvinus of the distal pinna of that side of
the leaf; spreading action in its pinnules ; action in the secondary pulvinus of
the other distal pinna ; commencing action in its pinnules, and action in the
primary pulvinus ; pause ; action in the other proximal pinnæ.
28 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; action in all the secondary pulvini
and in the primary one ; spreading action in the pinnules of the other pinnæ.
29 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; long pause ; action in all the
secondary pulvini and in the primary one ; spreading action in the pinnules of
the remaining pinnæ.
122
Scientific Memoirs by
TABLE VI. —General Table of Results of Application of Heat to the tips of
Distal Pinnules—concluded.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
30 Results as: in No. 28.
31. Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna ; pause ; action in the secondary
pulvinus of the affected pinna and in that of the distal pinna of the same side;
commencing action in the pinnules of the latter pinna, and action in the
primary pulvinus ; action in the other pinnæ.
32 Spreading action in the pinnules of that pinna; action in its secondary pulvinus
and in that of the distal pinna of the same side of the leaf ; commencing action
in the pinnules of that distal pinna, and action in the primary pulvinus ; pause ;
action in the remaining pinnules of the first distal pinna, and action in the other
pinnæ; action in one leaf. next above.
33 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in the remaining pinnæ successively from
the injured side of the leaf to the other ; no action in the primary pulvinus.
34 Spreading action in that pinna ; action in all the secondary pulvini and in the pri-
mary one ; action in the pinnules of the remaining pinnæ.
35 Slow and irregular action in that pinna ; no further result.
36 Spreading action in that pinna; pause ; action in that secondary -pulvinus ; action
in the primary pulvinus, and commencing action in the distal pinna of that side ;
pause ; action in the other pinnæ.
37 Spreading action in the pinnules ; action in the secondary pulvinus of that pinna
and in the primary pulvinus ; pause ; action in the remaining pinnæ.
38 Slow, spreading action in that pinna ; action in its secondary pulvinus ; action i
n the primary pulvinus ; pause; slow, centrifugal action in the remaining pinnæ.
39 Results similar to those in No. 38 . save that the secondary pulvinus acted before the
basal pinnules.
40. Results similar to those in No. 38 save that the basal pinnules of the distal pinna of
the same side of the leaf had begun to act before the primary pulvinus did so.
A total of 40 experiments, in only 6 of which was there any extension of
movement beyond the primarily affected leaf.
Medical Officers of the Army of India.
1 23
TABLE VII.— Showing Results of the Application of Heat to the tips of Distal
Pinnules when the Plants are dry.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
All the experiments were conducted between 8 and 9 o'clock A.M. of the 8th
April. The previous night had been a still cloudy one and little dew had
fallen. The morning was still and cloudy, and the sun had not as yet
emerged. The brake of Mimosa was perfectly dry, but the leaves in a state
of fullest expansion No rain had fallen for more than a week previous to
the date of experiment.
1 Complete action in that leaf ; very long pause ; complete action in the first leaf
above ; no further result.
2
Action in the affected pinna ; convergence of the secondary pulvini ; action
throughout the other pinnæ; action in the primary pulvinus ; pause ; action in
one leaf above.
3 Commencing action in the affected pinna ; action in the primary pulvinus ; com-
plete action throughout the rest of the leaf ; no further result.
4 Complete action in that leaf, the primary pulvinus acting immediately after the
affected pinna ; long pause ; action of the primary pulvinus of the leaf next
below ; no further result.
5 Complete action in the affected leaf ; long pause ; complete action in the first leaf
above and the second leaf below ; long pause ; complete but very slow action
in the second and terminal leaf above ; no further result.
6 Action throughout the affected leaf, but depression mechanically obstructed, and
pinnular action, in all save the primarily affected pinna, incomplete ; long
pause ; action in the primary pulvinus of the second leaf above ; pause ;
action in one of its secondary pulvini ; partial action throughout the greater
part of the pinnæ ; long pause ; action in the pinnules of one of the distal
pinnæ of the first leaf above the primarily affected one ; pause ; action in its
primary pulvinus and remaining pinnæ; no further result.
7 Slow, almost complete action in the affected leaf ; no further result.
8 Slow, almost complete action in the affected leaf ; long pause ; action in the first
leaf above, commencing in the pinnæ and ultimately complete ; very long
pause ; complete action in the second leaf above, commencing in the primary
pulvinus ; no further result.
9 Complete action in the affected leaf ; action of the primary pulvinus, and incomplete
action of the pinnæ of the first leaf above ; action in the primary pulvinus,
and incomplete action of the pinnæ of the first leaf below ; very long pause ;
incomplete action in the second and terminal leaf above ; no further result.
10 Complete action in the affected leaf ; no further result.
R 2
124
Scientific Memoirs by
TABLE VIII.— Results of one morning's experiments on pure Mechanical
Stimulation of Mimosa pudica.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
A.—Depression of the leaf caused by action of the primary pulvinus following
pressure on the upper surface of the petiole.
1 Full depression ; no further result.
2
Ditto
ditto.
3
Ditto
ditto.
4
Ditto
ditto.
5
Ditto ; slight action in the secondary pulvin.
6
Ditto; no further result.
7
Ditto
ditto.
8
Ditto
ditto.
9
Ditto
ditto.
1 0 Ditto
ditto.
B.—Depression of the leaf caused by touching the inferior surface of the
primary pulvinus.
1 1
Full depression ; no further result.
12
Ditto
ditto.
13
Ditto ; slight action in the secondary pulvini.
1 4
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
15
Ditto ; no further result.
16
Ditto
ditto.
17
Ditto
ditto.
18
Ditto
ditto.
19
Ditto
ditto.
20
Ditto
ditto.
Medical Officers of the Army of India.
125
TABLE VIII.— Results of one morning's experiments on pure Mechanical
Stimulation of Mimosa pudica —continued.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
C.—Action in individual pinnules due to elevation or depression of their tips or
touching the upper surfaces of their bases.
21
Action in that pinnule ; no further result.
22
Ditto
ditto.
23
Ditto
ditto.
24
Ditto
ditto.
25
Ditto
ditto.
26
Ditto
ditto.
27
Ditto
ditto.
28
Ditto
ditto.
29
Ditto
ditto.
30 Action in that and the opposite pinnule.
TABLE IX.—Results attending Mechanical Obstruction to the depression of the
Petiole on action of the Primary Pulvinus. All the experi-
ments carried out on one morning by section of distal pinnules.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
A.—Depression of the leaf due to action of the primary pulvinus mechanically
obstructed.
1 Tips of distal pinnules cut off. The cut pinnules acted at once ; pause ; action
in primary pulvinus ; pause ; very imperfect centripetal action in the cut
pinna ; no further result.
2 Procedure and results as in No. 1 .
126 Scientific Memoirs by
TABLE IX.—Results attending Mechanical Obstruction to the depression of the
Petiole on action of the Primary Pulvinus —continued.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
3 A leaf with two large pinnæ. Action in cut pinnules ; pause ; action in primary
pulvinus ; very slow, partial action in 8 pairs of pinnules beneath the cut
pair ; no further result.
4 Action in the cut pinnules ; pause ; action in primary pulvinus ; centripetal action
in the distal and basal portions of the cut pinna ; slight action in the central
portion ; no further result.
5 Action in the cut pinnules ; action in the primary pulvinus ; partial, centripetal
action in the distal and basal portions of the cut pinna ; no action in the
central portion ; no further result.
6 Slow, spreading centripetal action in the outer part of the cut pinna ; action in
the primary pulvinus ; very slow and partial ; centripetal action in the basal
part of the cut pinna ; no further result.
7 Action in the cut pinnules ; action in the primary pulvinus ; partial action in the
distal and basal thirds of the cut pinna ; complete action in the central third ;
no further result.
8 Almost complete centripetal action in the cut pinna ; action in the primary pul-
vinus ; no further result.
9 Action in the cut pinnules ; pause ; action in the primary pulvinus ; almost com-
plete, slow, centripetal action in the cut pinna ; no further result.
1 0 Slow, progressive, complete centripetal action in the cut pinna ; long pause ;
action in the primary pulvinus ; partial, irregular, centrifugal action in another
pinna ; very long pause ; slight, slow action in the basal part of another
pinna ; no further result.
11 Action in the cut pinna ; action in the primary pulvinus ; pause ; action in one
other pinna ; no further result.
12 Action in the cut pinnules ; pause ; action in the primary pulvinus ; partial and
incomplete centripetal action in the cut pinna ; action in the basal half of one
other pinna ; no further result.
B.—Depression of the leaf due to the action of the primary pulvinus fully
carried out.
13 A two-pinnaed leaf. Pause ; spreading, centripetal action in the cut pinna ; full
depression ; well pronounced action in the basal half of the other pinna.
14 Slow, almost complete action in that pinna; pause; full depression ; no further result.
15 Action in the cut pinnules ; slow, progressive, centripetal action in that pinna ;
full depression ; almost complete, spreading, centrifugal action throughout the
other pinnæ.
Medical Officers of the Army of India.
121
TABLE IX.—Results attending Mechanical Obstruction to the depression of
the Petiole on action of the Primary Pulvinus— concluded.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
16 Slow, progressive, almost complete action in that pinna ; full depression ; action
in basal half of the next pinna ; no further result.
17 Slow, progressive action in that pinna ; full depression ; no further result.
18 Slow, progressive action in that pinna ; pause ; extreme depression ; gradual,
complete centrifugal action in the other pinnæ.
19 Slow, progressive action in that pinna ; pause ; full depression ; almost complete,
centrifugal action in the basal two-thirds of the other pinna.
20 Slow progressive, complete centripetal action in that pinna ; pause ; full depres-
sion ; pause ; slow, centrifugal action in basal halves of two other pinnæ.
21 Slow, progressive, complete action in that pinna ; pause ; extreme depression
slow, centrifugal action in the basal two-thirds of the other pinnæ.
22
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
23 Slow, progressive, centripetal action in that pinna ; pause ; full depression ; action
in basal halves of the other pinnæ.
24
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
In the above table we have the results of twenty-four experiments conduct-
ed on the same morning on leaves under precisely similar circumstances save
that in twelve of the cases depression of the petiole was mechanically obstructed
or prevented, whereas in the remaining twelve it was fully carried out. In three
of the first set action was manifested in other pinnæ than the cut one in ten
of the second set a similar phenomenon was present.
TABLE X.—Results of Application of Heat to the axes of Mimosa pudica.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
1 Heating effected by means of coiling one extremity of a piece of copper wire round
the axes and applying a spirit-lamp flame to the free extremity. —Centrifugal
action of all the leaves above the point of application ; no action below.
128 Scientific Memoirs by
TABLE X.—Results of Application of Heat to the axes of Mimosa pudica
—continued.
No. of
Experi-
ment.
Result.
Heating effected by the application of the tips of heated forceps.
2 Heat applied to the axes close beyond a proximal leaf and far from the next
distal one. —Progressive centrifugal action along the whole course of axis. No
action below point of application.
3
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
4
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
5
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
6
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
7
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
8 Procedure as in the previous cases. —Results as in the previous cases save that the
primary pulvinus of the first leaf beneath the point of application acted.
9
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
1 0 Forceps applied nearer inferior than superior leaf. —Progressive complete action
of all the leaves above ; no action below.
1 1 Application as in No. 10 .—Action in all the leaves above ; no action below.
12
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
13 An old woody axis with three leaves with rigid primary pulvini above the point of
application of the forceps, which was immediately beyond the first inferior
leaf.— A c t i o n i n t h e
s e c o n d a r y
p u l v i n i a n d
p i n n u l e s
of the first leaf above ; no
action below.
14 Procedure as in No. 10.—Results as in No. 10.
15
Ditto
ditto.
16 Forceps applied very close to the inferior leaf.—Act i on i n t he i nferi or l eaf and i n
all the distal ones.
17 Procedure as in No. 15. —Results as in No. 15.
18 Procedure as in No. 17. —Action in the first leaf above occurred 17 seconds after
application.
Medical Officers of the Army of India. 129
TABLE X.—Results of Application of Heat to the axes of Mimosa pudica
—continued.
No. of
Experi-
men t.
Result.
19 Procedure as in No. 1 7.—First leaf above acted after an interval of 20 seconds ;
there was then a pause of one minute, followed by action in the second and third
leaves above ; no action in the leaf beneath, although the point of application
was very close to it.
2 0 Forceps applied very close to inferior leaf.— A l m o s t
i m m e d i a t e
a c t i o n i n t h e
primary pulvinus alone of the inferior leaf ; slow, progressive, complete action
in all the leaves above.
21
Application very close to the inferior leaf. —Slow, centrifugal action in all leaves
above ; no action below.
22
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
23
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
24
Ditto
ditto
ditto.
25 Application very close to base of inferior leaf.— V e r y
s l o w , p r o t r a c t e d , c e n t r i f u g a l
action in all the leaves above ; the primary pulvini acted at long intervals, and
the pinnæ and pinnules remained for long expanded ; no action below.
26 Slow, progressive, centrifugal action in all leaves above ; no action below.
27 Application far from any superior leaf.—Experiment just after heavy rain.
Spreading, centrifugal action in the primary pulvini of all leaves above. ; slight
action in secondary pulvini and pinnules ; no action below.
28 Application very close to base of inferior leaf.— S p r e a d i n g , c e n t r i f u g a l a c t i o n i n
all the leaves above ; action in primary pulvinus, and slight action in pinn æ
of leaf next below.
29
Application as in No. 28. —Action in the leaf next above ; no further result.
30 Application as in No. 29. —Action in the pinnæ of the two next leaves above ; no
action in their primary pulvini or elsewhere.
31
The two leaves next above the site of application had each a young axillary leaf . —
Action in these young leaves ; no further result.
3 2
Application as in No. 29.—Action in axillary leaf of first old leaf above ; long
pause ; action in axillary leaf of next superior leaf ; long pause ; action in axillary
leaf of first inferior leaf ; pause ; action in primary pulvinus of first old leaf above
the site of application.