NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA.
105
Fund and Private non-aided Dispensaries of Rajputana for the year 1921—contd.
EXPENDITURE.
Miscellaneous
receipts (to
include sale of
securities).
11
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
receipts.
12
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
SALARIES.
Medical
officers.
13
R
4,287
683
1,080
545
780
540
360
504
375
9,154
1,449
760
988
3,197
2,100
84
840
600
3,624
5,400
2,500
1,736
6,805
2,490
1,080
687
816
845
1,086
1,080
867
725
960
1,056
973
711
1,305
684
750
444
1,404
24,768
5,453
1,365
935
765
870
9,388
Nurses.
14
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
65
...
...
65
50
...
...
...
50
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Inferior
servants.
15
R
4,048
406
618
410
423
365
480
405
510
7,665
2,284
438
84
2,806
135
262
228
228
1,833
1,608
1,030
876
4,029
1,272
491
516
447
577
427
537
552
379
442
326
539
483
540
506
571
483
534
13,651
1,657
926
421
312
317
3,633
MEDICINES.
European.
16
R
4,764
811
602
411
189
273
276
251
147
7,724
1,253
400
285
1,938
2,698
345
325
278
3,646
2,343
1,500
18
10,899
2,033
678
689
846
600
708
753
694
938
807
677
774
1,024
2,533
607
882
673
650
27,465
798
487
167
324
179
1,955
Bazaar.
17
R
177
42
63
15
28
38
31
121
21
536
305
48
15
368
111
25
23
7
166
158
98
156
146
88
10
45
19
24
57
27
40
43
64
51
41
16
78
34
9
35
33
860
20
27
1
...
...
48
Diet.
18
R
3,776
146
159
32
138
81
110
21
87
4,550
621
106
...
727
...
...
...
...
...
392
54
277
2,179
228
70
90
190
21
73
36
84
46
127
110
62
52
226
41
54
51
11
3,751
302
...
...
...
...
302
Miscel-
laneous
charges.
19
R
995
239
356
170
211
197
193
21
176
2,558
894
80
55
1,029
376
174
150
18
718
339
204
183
931
247
85
79
80
60
88
61
99
61
112
87
82
79
165
114
95
82
69
2,676
369
100
47
47
46
609
Buildings
or
Repairs.
20
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
41
...
41
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
....
Invest-
ments.
21
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total Ex-
penditure.
22
R
18,047
2,327
2,878
1,583
1,769
1,494
1,450
1,364
1,316
32,228
6,871
1,832
1,427
10,130
6,450
890
1,566
1,131
10,037
10,240
5,386
3,246
24,989
6,358
2,414
2,106
2,398
2,127
2,439
2,494
2,336
2,192
2,512
2,307
2,471
2,365
4,847
1,986
2,361
1,768
2,701
73,171
8,599
2,905
1,571
1,448
1,412
15,935
Closing
Balance.
23
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
P
106
DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA.
STATEMENT H.—Showing the Income and Expenditure of State, Public, Local
DISTRICT.
1
MEWAR ..
PARTABGARH
.
BANSWARA.
KUSHALGARH .
DUNGARPUR .
Name of Dispensary.
2
INDIAN STATES—concluded.
Lansdowne Hospital
..
Chitorgarh
....
Rashmi
....
Sarara
....
Saran
....
Nathdwara
....
Jehazpur
....
Bhilwara
....
Kapasin
....
Sadrikhurd
....
Mandalgarh
....
Udaipur Railway Dispensary .
Rajnagar
.
.
.
.
Untala
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL.
Partabgarh
....
Banswara
....
Garhi
.
.
.
.
TOTAL .
Kushalgarh
....
Dungarpur
....
Sagwara
....
TOTAL .
Adams Memorial Hospital, Abu
Deoli
....
Kherwara
....
TOTAL INDIAN STATES .
PROVINCIAL
TOTAL,
CLASS
A (GENERAL DISPENSARIES) .
B.—HOSPITALS AND DIS-
PENSARIES FOR FEMALES.
INDIAN STATES.
Jaswant Female Hospital, Jodh-
pur
.....
Bharatpur Female Hospital .
Lady Dufferin Hospital, Alwar.
Walter Zenana Hospital, Tonk.
Victoria Hospital, Kotah .
Walter Female Hospital, Udaipur
PROVINCIAL TOTAL, CLASS B
(FEMALE DISPENSARIES).
COMBINED PROVINCIAL
TOTAL ...
INCOME.
Cash
balance
3
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1,675
510
...
2,185
4,015
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4,015
GOVERNMENT
CONTRIBUTION.
As
salary.
4
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3,240
...
...
3,240
21,347
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
21,347
Other-
wise.
5
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
10,993
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
10,993
Local Fund con-
tributions.
6
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2,800
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
2,800
Municipal Fund
contributions.
7
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4,817
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
4,817
Interest on in-
vestments.
8
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
175
...
...
175
1,710
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1,710
SUBSCRIPTIONS.
Euro-
pean.
9
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
666
1,000
...
1,666
1,866
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1,866
Indian.
10
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
449
1,518
...
1,967
5,692
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
5,692
DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA.
107
Fund and Private non-aided Dispensaries of Rajputana for the year 1921—concld.
Miscellaneous
receipts
(to
include sale of
securities).
11
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
300
...
...
300
639
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
639
Total
receipts.
12
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
....
...
...
...
...
...
6,505
3,028
...
9,533
53,879
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
13,879
EXPENDITURE.
SALARIES.
Medical
officers.
13
R
5,040
1,599
402
450
420
1,020
1,458
1,956
402
420
402
450
1,005
526
15,747
720
1,339
707
2,046
294
643
1,050
1,693
1,740
180
240
2,37,719
2,66,991
5,540
...
1,817
2,936
6,081
2,133
19,007
2,85,998
Nurses.
14
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
756
...
...
...
49
...
...
...
...
...
...
3,584
4,052
...
1,414
204
...
120
...
1,738
5,790
Inferior
servants.
15
R
1,658
588
299
216
228
738
532
697
430
334
384
302
273
418
7,167
528
993
158
1,151
351
881
474
1,355
1,784
680
569
1,13,789
1,26,950
3,043
1,094
1,690
1,894
1,807
721
10,329
1,37,279
MESICINES.
European
16
R
11,529
1,085
759
713
332
1,110
863
690
791
596
930
660
749
508
21,315
1,224
3,004
750
3,754
1,518
...
...
...
...
579
660
2,02,210
2,15,322
909
524
741
858
1,527
675
5,234
2,20,556
Bazaar.
17
R
545
116
73
81
53
27
104
87
77
42
64
24
49
61
1,403
284
189
40
229
100
138
59
197
88
35
50
9,631
10,675
52
...
49
43
39
48
231
10,906
Diet.
18
R
3,622
429
105
44
75
...
30
610
156
3
30
...
161
72
5,337
53
35
...
35
21
361
6
367
216
103
15
36,007
38,739
430
...
275
78
491
164
1,438
40,177
Miscel-
laneous
charges.
19
R
3,809
321
244
101
179
63
157
419
389
223
255
24
272
170
5,626
100
634
137
771
20
627
133
760
443
403
78
64,520
70,730
458
...
239
93
242
173
1,205
71,935
Buildings
or
Repairs.
20
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
305
...
305
12
...
57
57
...
...
...
24,410
25,745
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
25,745
Invest-
ments.
21
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total Ex-
penditure.
22
R
25,203
4,135
1,882
1,605
1,287
2,958
3,144
4,459
2,245
1,618
2,065
1,530
2,509
1,755
56,595
3,663
6,499
1,792
8,291
2,320
2,650
1,779
4,429
4,271
1,080
1,612
6,91,920
7,59,204
10,432
3,032
5,015
5,902
10,887
3,914
39,182
7,98,386
Closing
Balance.
23
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1,048
...
1,048
2,872
...
...
...
...
....
...
...
2,872
108
DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA
STATEMENT J.—Showing the Account of Invested Capital of the Dispensaries in Rajputana
during the year 1921.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Names of Dispensaries.
Ajmer
....
Kekri
....
Pisangan
....
Ramsar
....
Masuda
....
Beawar
....
Todgarh
....
TOTAL.
Abu and Abu Road ..
GRAND TOTAL .
Balance on
1st January
1921.
R
4,500
...
...
2,500
20,000
...
1,500
28,500
5,000
33,500
Invested
during the
year.
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
TOTAL.
R
4,500
...
...
2,500
20,000
...
1,500
28,500
5,000
33,500
Securities
sold.
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Deposits
withdrawn.
R
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Balance on
31st Decem-
ber 1921.
R
4,500
...
...
2,500
20,000
...
1,500
28,500
5,000
33,500
109
Statement No. XIV (Vital).—Showing the Sickness
and Mortality among Prisoners of all classes in
the Jails and Subsidiary Jails of Rajputana during
the year 1921.
Q
2
SCIENTIFIC MEMOIRS
BY
MEDICAL OFFICERS OF THE
ARMY OF INDIA.
EDITED BY
SURGEON-MAJOR-GENERAL J CLEGHORN, M.D., C.S.I.,
DIRECTOR-GENERAL, INDIAN MEDICAL SERVICE.
PART X.
1897.
1.—Chol erai c and other Commas ; on the i nfl uence of certai n condi ti ons i n
determining morphological variations in vibrionic organisms.— Brigade
-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel D. D. Cunningham, C.I.E., F.R.S. (Page 1.)
2.—Notes on the Malarial Parasite as observed in the blood during life, and
in the tissues post-mortem, at Lahore, Punjab.— Surgeon-Captain J.
Hurray, M. B. (Page 29.)
3.—On the influence of variations of the ground-water level on the pre-
valence of Malarial Fevers.—Surgeon-Captain Leonard Rogers, M.B.,
B.S., Lond., F.R.C.S., Eng., I.M.S. (Page 53.)
4,—Report on the results of experiments on the action of various reputed
antidotes to Snake-venom conducted during the season 1895-96.
Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel D. D. Cunningham, C.I.E., F.R.S.
(Page 59.)
5.—On certain diseases of Fungal and Algal Origin affecting economic plants
in India.—Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant Colonel D. D. Cunningham, C.I.E.,
F.R.S. (Page 95.)
CALCUTTA :
OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF GOVERNMENT PRINTING, INDIA.
1897.
Price Four Rupees.
S SCIENTIFIC MEMOIRS
BY
MEDICAL OFFICERS OF THE ARMY OF INDIA.
EDITED BY
SURGEON-MAJOR-GENERAL J. CLEGHORN, M,D., C.S.I.,
DI RECTOR-GENERAL, I NDI AN MEDI CAL SERVI CE.
PART X.
1897.
1.—Choleraic and other Commas ; on the influence of certain conditions
in determining morphological variations in vibrionic organisms.
Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel D. D. Cunningham, C.L. E.,F.R.S.
(Page 1.)
2.—Notes on the Malarial Parasite as observed in the blood during life,
and in the tissues post-mortem, at Lahore, Punjab.— Surgeon
- C a p t a i n J . M u r r a y , M . B . ( P a g e 2 9 . )
3.—On the influence of variations of the ground-water level on the pre
- v a l e n c e o f M a l a r i a l F e v e r s . —S
u r g e o n - C a p t a i n L e o n a r d R o g e r s ,
M.B., B.S., Lond., F.R.C.S., Eng., I.M.S. (Page 53.)
4.—Report on the results of experiments on the action of various reputed
antidotes to Snake-venom conducted during the season 1895-96.—
Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel D. D. Cunningham, C.I.E., F.R.S.
(Page 59.)
5.—On certain diseases of Fungal and Algal Origin affecting economic
plants in India.—Brigade-Surgeon-Lieutenant-Colonel D. D. Cun
-ni ngham, C. I . E. , F. R. S. (Page 95. )
CALCUTTA:
OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF GOVERNMENT PRINTING, INDIA.
1897.
Price Four Rupees.
CALCUTTA:
GOVERNMENT OF I NDI A CENTRAL PRI NTI NG OFFI CE,
8, HASTI NGS STREET.
Choleraic and other Commas ; on the influence of certain condi
- t i o n s i n d e t e r m i n i n g m o r p h o l o g i c a l v a r i a t i o n s i n v i b r i o n i c
organisms.
BY
BRIGADE-SURGEON-LIEUTENANT-COLONEL D. D. CUNNINGHAM, C.I.E., F.R.S.
A.—A DESCRIPTION OF SOME NEW SPECIES OF COMMAS OCCURRING IN
ASSOCIATION WITH CHOLERA IN CALCUTTA.
I. G. H. XIV. Received 6th October, 1894. Stool an opaque, dirty-
brownish grey liquid, with offensive mawkish odour.
Diluted with water gave very conspicuous bright light purple with nitric acid.
Primary plate cultivation yielded a very abundant growth of minute oval
cocci, solitary or in pairs, and forming both superficial and interstitial colonies..
They consisted of rounded cocci and diplococci, and not a trace ,of any
morphological commas was present. The smell was strong, mawkish, and musty.
Neither this nor the next plate cultivation gave any perceptible pink with
33 per cent. nitric acid, but a tertiary plate did so, and, from this time onwards,
plate cultures gave more and more marked pink.
In the series of tube cultures derived from this plate, a varying proportion of
large rods and short filaments continued persistently to make their appearance
among the cocci. These were at first regarded as contaminations, but a large
series of cultivations, both plate and tube, eventually proved conclusively that
this was not the case, but that the large elements were really of the same specific
origin as the cocci and diplococci of the original plate and, in certain cultiva
-tions, they exhibited characters clearly indicating that all the forms belonged to
an organism not of bacillar nature but essentially allied to Cladothrix, and, like
Cladothrix dichotoma, capable of presenting itself in the form of isolated, round or
oval cocci, or of varying numbers of such bodies, included within a common sheath
and forming compound units, which, according to the number of the associated
cocci, assumed the forms of diplococci, of straight or curved rods, or of elon
-gated filaments, straight, or sinuous, and composed of a common sheath includ-
inga series of rods, apparently arising as the result of continuous growth in the
original cocci, and which in certain cases exhibit pseudo-dichotomy. Some pre-
parations certainly appeared to indicate that the occurrence of ramification is, in
certain cases at all events, dependent on processes of longitudinal cleavage in
individual rods with divergence of the resulting segments.
The involution forms occurring in old tube-cultures are in many cases of
B
Medical Officers of the Army of India .
5
Cultivations in 10 per cent. common gelatine :—Are accompanied by the
formation of an evenly tapering column of liquefaction along the whole course
of the track in stab-cultures, the sides of which are densely clouded by adherent
growths and the lower part occupied by a very copious deposit.
Cultivations on potatoes :—Growth primarily occurred readily and rapidly, in
the form of very moist, relatively thin, pale yellow expansions, which were
specially distinguished from the growths of any other form of choleraic commas
on similar media, by being from the outset of a very frothy character. Later
growths failed to show this, forming even and firmer, yellow, thalloid expansions
with lobulated margins more or less similar to those characteristic of sp. β.
Somewhat later cultures yielded feebler and feebler, growths, until, after a time,
all appreciable evidence of any growth whatever completely disappeared.
The characters of the elements varied considerably in different instances.
Where growth took place very rapidly and luxuriantly, the elements were almost
all of uniformly coccoid character ; where it occurred somewhat more slowly,
diplococcoid elements and short rods, straight or slightly curved and evi
-dently composed of closely aggregated cocci, were present in abundance ; and,
in those cases in which the growth was greatly retarded, commas consisting of
three or four cocci included within a common sheath formed the characteristic
feature.
Cultivations in neutral broth :—Within 24 hours these were lightly clouded
and covered by a membranous pellicle, and gave strong purple, in the lower half,
on the addition of pure sulphuric acid.
Cultivations in common gelatine :—Within 48 hours show an almost
evenly outlined, tapering column of liquefaction along the whole length of
the track, the walls being opaque and white, and the fluid giving beautiful purple
with pure sulphuric acid. Very abundant deposit.
G. H. XXI I . St ool r ecei ved 18t h Apr i l 1896 and exami ned 19t h Apr i l .
A typical rice-water stool, consisting of a large quantity of watery, almost
colourless fluid ; giving beautiful, pure, bright purple with nitric or sulphuric
acid, and a very scanty sediment of greyish flocculi.
Primary plate cultures :—These yielded innumerable colonies, both super-
ficial and interstitial, and apparently all of one type. The superficial ones were
of moderate size, bluish tint, and, where of any considerable size, had a thinner
central area, and a thicker, more opaque, somewhat sinuous margin. They
were further characterised by possessing a strong, bitter-sweet, disagreeable
odour, somewhat resembling that characteristic of the potato-growths of certain
other species, but quite unique as a peculiarity of agar-agar growths, save in
the case of the earlier plates of G. H. XVIII. They consisted of relatively
large, well curved, thickish commas. Up to 48 hours they gave not a trace
of pink on adding 33 per cent. nitric acid.
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Scientific Memoirs by
Primary agar-agar tube cultures from the plates :—In 24 hours yielded
abundant, beautiful track and surface growths, consisting of cocci and diplo
-cocci, some of the latter being somewhat curved, and a sprinkling of commas
composed of a series of cocci included within a common sheath.
Plates set from the tubes yielded pure cultivations of colonies similar in
appearance and constitution to those present in the primary plates, and, like
them, possessed of a strong, bitter-sweet odour. Like them, they gave no
pink on adding nitric acid after 48 hours' growth.
The thick soft tenacious growth on the surface of the medium in a. a.
cultures is at first pure white, but presently acquires a distinctly pinkish tint.
After some time the tube cultures became, in certain respects, modified. In
- t e r s t i t i a l g r o w t h b e c a m e p r o g r e s s i v e l y l e s s a n d l e s s l u x u r i a n t a n d u l t i m a t e l y
disappeared altogether and the surface growth, whilst retaining its original dis-
tinctive property, in gradually acquiring a pinkish tint, ceased to show any co
m - m a s a n d c o n t a i n e d o n l y m i n u t e o v a l a n d r o u n d e d c o c c i .
Tube cultures were throughout characterised by failing to yield any traces
of purple on adding 33 per cent. nitric acid, therein resembling those of
G. H. XX., and late cultures of G. H. V.
Potato cultures :—These were throughout characterised by rapidity and
luxuriance of growth. Within the course of 24 hours, patches of rough
ened, ochreous matter, consisting of oval and rounded cocci and diplococci
or short rods, straight or slightly curved, made their appearance. The
patches were relatively thin and moist, rapidly acquired a pink tint and strong
bitter-sweet odour, and at the same time excavated the substance of the basis,
so as to resemble ulcers covered with pink pus, with irregular margins and well
marked haloes, which were primarily neutral and later on brown. Plate cultiva
- t i o n s f r o m p o t a t o g r o w t h s f o r s o m e t i m e c o n t i n u e d t o y i e l d p u r e c r o p s o f c o l o n i e s
identical in every point with those of the original plate cultivations, but, after a
time, differing from them in containing only coccal and diplococcal elements.
Broth-cultures :—These, in the course of the first 24 hours, show faint
cloudiness and an imperfect, very thin pellicle. Neither then, nor subsequently,
do they yield any traces of purple on the addition of pure mineral acids.
B.—ON SOME SPECIES OF VIBRIONIC ORGANISM OCCURRING IN THE
INTESTINAL TRACTS OF FISH IN HEALTH AND DISEASE.
a. Species present in a common gold-fish ( carassius auralus ) which died
from an epidemic disease.
Early in the month of September 1895 a fatal epidemic occurred among a
number of gold-fish which had for several years lived, apparently in perfect
health, in a large basin of water in the verandah of a house in Calcutta, and in
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Scientific Memoirs by
the entire course of the needle-track in stab-cultures, the walls of the cavity
being very conspicuously dotted, and the deposit in the lower part abundant.
The liquid strikes intense purple with sulphuric acid.
Broth cultures show only faint clouding and no pellicle even after 48 hours'
growth. They give faint purple within 24, and well-developed purple within 48
hours, on the addition of sulphuric acid.
b. Species present in the intestinal tract of a perfectly healthy gold-fish.
A large, perfectly healthy gold-fish was killed and a plate and stab-tube
cultivation were set at once from the intestinal contents. Both yielded results
within the course of 24 hours, the tube showing limited superficial growth and
abundant, softly clouded, interstitial growth along the entire course of the
track of the needle. The plate-culture contained two perfectly distinct kinds
of superficial colonies ; α ,
c i r c u l a r , f l a t t e n e d , w i t h a b l u i s h t i n g e w h e n v i e w e d b y
oblique light, pale ochreous by direct, and of a finely granular texture under
direct transmitted light, and consisting of relatively slender, slightly-curved
rods ; β, circular, dense, prominent, yellowish, with a dark centre and yellowish
margin under directly transmitted light, texture homogeneous, consisting of short
thick rods and oval cocci, straight or at utmost only very slightly curved.
Both forms of colonies alike, after 48 hours, struck a faint pink with 33 per cent.
nitric acid.
Tube stab-cultivations were set from both forms of colonies and served as
the source of a continued series of sub-cultures, the characters of which were
as follows:—
Form a .—Stab tube-cultures :—These rapidly yielded a thin stratum of
almost colourless or pale ochreous surface growth, and, for some time, thick,
softly clouded columns of interstitial growth all along the track of the
needle. The constituent elements consisted of short, thick, straight or only
slightly curved elements. Even after 24 hours' growth the cultivations yielded
a very decided trace of purple under treatment with 33 per cent. nitric acid.
The growth was never, even at the outset, accompanied by any trace of
gaseous evolution into the substance of the medium. The surface growth
throughout was characterised by its great thinness and coherence. The con
- s t i t u e n t e l e m e n t s o f t h e g r o w t h w e r e s h o r t r e l a t i v e l y t h i c k r o d s , o r d i n a r i l y
straight or only very slightly curved, and only rarely of a typically comma
character.
Potato cultures :—The growths in these consisted of very thin, rather moist,
irregularly lobulated, pale, ochreous expansions, surrounded by a diffuse, neutral
halo. The rate of growth varied very considerably in different instances, and, with
this, variations in the morphological characters of the constituent elements were
associated. Where the growth took place rapidly, it was mainly composed of
small cocci with only a sprinkling of short, straight or, at utmost, very slightly
curved rods ; where, on the other hand, it was retarded, the characteristic