NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
82
Veterinary College but could not be used, as the cases discon-
tinued attendance at the hospital. In respect of the four cases
that proved negative for Bovine lymphangitis, an auto-vaccine
obtained from the College for one case was used with
satisfactory results.
31. Contagious abortion.—Three cases suspected for this
disease were reported from the Livestock Research Station,
Chintaladevi, during the year, and materials from these were
submitted for examination at the College. Agglutination tests
conducted with the sera from these cases have not given any
positive results to B. abortus hang.
32. Trypanosomiasis.—Three outbreaks of this disease in
cattle were reported from Nellore district. Smears of blood
were examined in two of these and the disease was confirmed.
33. Strangles.—This disease was very severe in Nellore
town. The infection appears to have been brought to this
place from Madras, and a large percentage of the young stock
in the town appears to have been affected.
34. Influenza.—A wave of influenza amongst equines
passed through Nellore in March 1931 but the disease was very
mild and soon subsided.
35. Rabies.—One dog was injected with anti-rabic vaccine,
and the result was satisfactory.
36. Ringworm.—Scrapings from five calves were sent
to the Madras Veterinary College for examination, and
Trichophyton species were detected in all cases.
37. Coccidiosis.—Smears from two suspected cases were
sent for examination, of which one was negative and no definite
opinion could be given in respect of the other.
38. Actinomycosis.—A pus smear taken from the udder of
a cow suspected for this disease was sent for examination, and
the result was negative.
39. Foot-rot.—A pus smear taken from an abcess in the
foot of a goat was sent for examination, and Staphylococci
were detected.
40. Contagious exenthema.—Eruptions on the udders of
almost all the milch cows at the Livestock Research Station,
Chintaladevi, were noticed after calving. These were of
benign nature, and produced no constitutional disturbance in
the cows or decrease in their milk yield.
83
41. Ephemeral fever.—Ephemeral fever was also occa-
sionally noticed amongst the cattle in the Chintaladevi Farm,
prior to the onset of the monsoon.
42. Anaphylaxis.—Anaphylactic shock is a common feature
noticed in connexion with the inoculation of the Farm animals
at Chintaladevi, and was controlled without much trouble by
starting inoculations with small sensitising doses of serum and
then following up with the remaining quantity required in each
case.
IV.—MISCELLANEOUS.
43. Criminal poisoning.—Certificates were given in respect
of five cases suspected for criminal poisoning. In one case
Thivetine was detected by the Chemical Examiner, and the
accused was sentenced to simple imprisonment for one month.
No poison was detected in the remaining cases.
44. Malicious injuries.—Eleven certificates were granted in
respect of cases suspected for malicious injuries. The results
in respect of two of these are pending, five were not proceeded
with and the remaining four cases resulted in acquittal.
45. Government Livestock.—During the period under
report, 146 head of cattle in the Livestock Research Station,
Chintaladevi, were protected against rinderpest by the serum
simultaneous method of inoculation, and 132 more of the farm
cattle were also protected by serum alone method.
An outbreak of black quarter also appeared in a severe
form at this station during the month of December 1930 and
caused much anxiety. There were 16 attacks and 10 deaths
from this disease. Two hundred and eleven primary inocula-
tions and 238 re-inoculations by serum alone method were
performed on the farm animals against this disease. Two
hundred and one inoculations with aggressin alone were also
performed on the farm stock.
46. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelly to Animals
Act.—During the year under report the veterinary institutions
at Nellore, Cuddapah and Proddatur were the only infirmaries
under the Act in this circle. It is regretted that no cruelty
cases were remanded by the magistrates during the year for
treatment at these institutions.
47. (a) Meat inspection.—The
Veterinary
Assistant
Surgeons in charge of the veterinary institutions at Nellore and
Venkatagiri continued to inspect meat respectively for the
municipality of Nellore and the union of Venkatagiri.
84
(b) Six sheep and ten goats were wholly condemned by
the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in charge of the Veterinary
Dispensary, Venkatagiri. Three sheep and six goats were
partly condemned by the Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in
charge of the Veterinary Hospital, Nellore, being unfit for
human consumption.
(c) The three municipalities of Nellore, Cuddapah and
Proddatur, which have adopted the by-laws relating to cattle
mortality, have been regularly reporting outbreaks of disease
and the figures for mortality.
(d) Lethal Chamber.—Lethal Chambers for the destruc-
tion of dogs at Cuddapah and Proddatur are working satis-
factorily, and the one at Nellore was not put in use for the
destruction of dogs during the year. Seventy-three dogs at
Proddatur and 11 dogs at Cuddapah were destroyed in these
chambers.
48. Bacteriological.—(a) One hundred and nine specimens
were in all submitted by the staff for examination at the
Madras Veterinary College. Out of this number, 58 proved
positive and 48 negative, while no definite opinion could be
given in respect of the remaining three.
(b) I also examined 38 specimens sent by the staff with
the aid of the microscope supplied to me, besides several
specimens that I collected personally and examined in con-
nexion with the investigation of diseases.
(c) The Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in charge of the
Headquarters hospital at Nellore examined 70 specimens, of
which 23 were received from the staff, and the rest were from
his own hospital.
49. Propaganda.—(a) An Agricultural Exhibition was
arranged at Nellore by the District Agricultural Association,
and was opened by the Hon'ble Minister for Development.
A veterinary stall was arranged by me and a silver medal
was awarded by the Association for successfully conducting
the same.
(b) During the period the Agricultural Exhibition vans
toured in Nellore district in April 1930 and March 1931 a
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon was always deputed to accom-
pany the vans and do propaganda in villages by demonstra-
tion.
(c) Effective propaganda work was carried out in all
possible ways, in villages and at popular festivals and shows,
where large crowds gathered. Lectures were delivered on the
85
care to be taken in nursing animals in health and disease, on
the causes and prevention of contagious diseases, and on ani-
mal hygiene and husbandry. Songs composed by me on
several important subjects such as castration, cattle diseases,
etc., were sung. One of these was also published by the
department. Magic lantern lectures were also delivered on
important occasions. Pamphlets on many important veteri-
nary subjects were distributed. Scrub bulls and other male
stock not required and not suitable for breeding purposes were
castrated. It was advised that cows which are bad breeders
and those that are unsuitable for stud purposes be got rid of,
as these tend to interfere to a great extent with the produc-
tion of healthy livestock. I also laid stress on the importance
of serum simultaneous inoculation against rinderpest and
castration by Burdizzo method.
Cattle-owners were also advised on the scientific methods
of feeding of cows and calves. The ryots were also advised
to decrease the number of their bullocks and to improve the
condition of the few they may absolutely require to keep.
V.—GENERAL.
50. During the year there has been an appreciable increase
under receipts realized at the Veterinary Hospital, Nellore.
The introduction of the revised rates of fees does not appear
to decrease the popularity of the institution, in spite of the
fact that there has been a slight fall in the total number of
admissions and the daily average attendance during the year,
which is attributable to the severe prevalence of cattle
disease.
51. Complaints had to be made by the staff against eight
village officers for slackness or failure to report outbreaks.
52. An improvement in the correct registration of cattle
diseases is being brought about gradually with the co-operation
of the revenue officers.
53. Much inconvenience was felt during the year for want
of a suitable building for the location of my office, although
I have been on the look out for the same, ever since the open-
ing of this circle in June 1929. It was also equally difficult
to procure suitable lodgings for me. The construction of
Government buildings for both these purposes may therefore
have to be taken up early in the future.
A. L. N. SOMAYAJALU,
Acting District Veterinary Officer, Nellore.
86
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT OF THE DISTRICT
VETERINARY OFFICER, BELLARY, FOR THE YEAR
1930-31.
I.—ADMINISTRATION.
1. This report relates to Bellary circle constituting the
districts of Bellary and Kurnool, with headquarters at Bellary.
2. I was in charge of this circle throughout the year.
I toured for 151 days. All the veterinary institutions and
all the touring billets were inspected twice except the Touring
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Adoni (billet was vacant from
23rd August 1930 to 31st March 1931) which was inspected
once in detail.
3. While at headquarters I frequently visited the local
hospital and rendered such professional assistance as was
necessary from time to time.
4. The Government livestock at the Sanatorium Jail, Bel-
lary, Hagari and Nandyal were inspected and 12 animals were
protected against rinderpest by the serum simultaneous
method.
5. I attended several outbreak reports of rinderpest along
with the concerned Touring Veterinary Assistant Surgeons
and helped them to carry out inoculations by the serum
simultaneous method against rinderpest.
6. I checked the inoculation work of the touring staff.
7. During the year 9,989 animals were inoculated by-the
serum simultaneous method against rinderpest in this circle.
8. The District Veterinary Office was inspected by the
Director of Veterinary Services, Madras, during the year.
II.—EXECUTIVE STAFF.
9. There were in all 17 Veterinary Assistant Surgeons at
the end of the year under report of whom eight were in charge
of institutions, seven were Touring Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geons and two were on leave. This year was free from any
casualty amongst the staff.
(a) Hospitals and Dispensaries.
10.There were eight institutions at the end of the year in
this circle.
87
No new dispensary was opened during the year. The
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in charge of the Veterinary Dis-
pensary at Nandikotkur had touring work till 6th February
1931, when he received orders exempting him from touring
and Nandikotkur taluk has been added to the jurisdiction of
the Touring Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Kurnool. The
portion of the touring work done by the above Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon is shown under the work done by the
itinerating staff.
11. The number of in and out-patients treated and castra-
tions performed at all the institutions in this circle was 9,050
as against 9,159 of the previous year.
12. Of 712 castrations done at the institutions, 704 were
done by Burdizzo's castrator. One hundred and seventy-four
cases were supplied with medicines without their being
brought to the institutions as against 321 of the previous year.
13. During the year under report the following buildings
were constructed :—
(a) A compound wall on one side and wire fencing on
other sides and a dressing-shed at the Veterinary Hospital at
Adoni.
(b) The permanent buildings for the Veterinary Dis-
pensaries, Nandyal and Kurnool, are under construction.
(c) Estimates for the construction and alterations of
permanent buildings for the veterinary institutions at Hospet
and Nandikotkur, respectively have been sanctioned.
(d) The District Veterinary Office building has been
repaired and whitewashed during the year.
14. The Veterinary Hospital, Bellary, was moved to the
Government building on the 1st February 1931 afternoon from
the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals' building.
Estimates have been sanctioned for the construction of
kennels, a dressing shed and quarters for menials. The work
will be undertaken during the current year.
15. It is gratifying to note an increase in the daily average
attendance at the veterinary institutions, Kurnool and
Koilkuntla.
16. Veterinary Assistant Surgeons, P. K. Devanayakam,
It. Shantha Naik, P. N. Sivarama Ayyar and B. Hanumantha
Rao have done good work.
(b) Touring staff.
17. There were seven Touring Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geons in this circle at the close of the year,
88
18. Castrations.—The total number of castrations done by
the touring staff of this circle was 525 as against 482 of the
previous year.
Of these castrations, 488 were done by Burdizzo's castrator.
Castration by Burdizzo's emasculator is very much appreciated
by the ryot population and is becoming popular.
19. Contagious cases.—The touring staff treated 1,623
cases of contagious diseases as against 1,927 of the previous
year.
20. Non-contagious cases.—One thousand six hundred and
seventeen cases were treated for non-contagious diseases by
the touring staff of this circle as against 2,021 of the previous
year.
21. A comparative statement showing the work done by
the touring staff is shown below :—
Year.
1929-30 .. ..
1930-31 .. ..
Inoculations
by serum
simultaneous
method.
3,722
9,989
Inoculations
by serum
alone
method.
377
..
Contagious
cases
treated.
1,927
1,623
Non-
contagious
oases
treated.
2,021
1,617
Castrations
performed.
482
525
It is gratifying that the number of serum simultaneous
inoculations conducted against rinderpest during the year
under review shows a marked increase when compared with
that of the preceding year. I am afraid however this increase
can hardly be maintained in future unless the staff is materially
strengthened and a regular and continuous supply of anti-
rinderpest serum is kept up.
22. The work of the touring staff was satisfactory.
III.—CONTAGIOUS DISEASES.
23. Rinderpest.—One hundred and eighty-five reports
were received during the year, 149 were attended to, one was
pending attendance and the rest were lodged for want of time
or progress reports. The disease was severe in the taluks of
Bellary, Rayadrug, Harpanahalli and Adoni in Bellary district
and Kurnool, Dhone, Markapur, Nandyal and Nandikotkur
taluks in Kurnool district.
24. The Madras Cattle Disease Act was enforced for one
month during the cattle fairs held at Kuruvathi village in
Bellary district and at Gorantla village in Kurnool district,
89
25. Nine thousand nine hundred and eighty-nine inocula-
tions by the serum simultaneous method were done during the
year. It is worthy to mention that Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geon K. S. Ramachandran conducted serum simultaneous
inoculations for the first time in the Markapur division. Serum
simultaneous inoculations have been carried out successfully
in spite of the illiteracy and stubborn unwillingness of the
ryots of those parts.
There is not the least doubt that the serum simultaneous
method of inoculation has come to stay in this circle and will
be in great demand in future.
26. Anthrax.—The number of reports received by the staff
was 16 of which 13 were attended to. No inoculations were
done either in this year or in the previous year. The out-
breaks were of a mild form.
27. Hæmorrhagic septicæmia.—Twelve reports were re-
ceived by the touring staff of which ten were duly attended
to. The disease prevailed in a mild form.
28. Blackquarter:—Thirty reports were received, of which
25 were attended to. The disease was mild in character.
29. Foot and mouth disease.—The total number of
reports received was 31 of which 26 were attended to and the
others were lodged for want of time. Most of the reports
were received from Hadagalli and Hospet divisions, Bellary
district and Markapur division, Kurnool district. There were
few deaths from this disease.
30. Rabies.—Eleven cases of rabies were brought to the
notice of the staff during the year, of which seven were
confirmed. Three dogs received anti-rabic treatment.
31. Other contagious diseases.—Four reports were received
and two were attended to and the rest were lodged for want
of progress reports. The total mortality under this heading
was ten.
32. Piroplasmosis.—Four cases of bovine piroplasmosis
were declared positive for Babesia bigeminum and two cases
of canine piroplasmosis were declared positive for Babesia
canis.
33. Mange.—Examination of scrapings from two cases
proved positive—one case positive for sarcoptic-equi and the
other positive for Trichophyton.
34. Nasal Granuloma.—Thirteen cases were treated during
the year of which ten were cured. No information was
available of the result of the other cases.
12
90
35. Strangles:—Pus smears from two ponies were sub-
mitted. Both were confirmed microscopically.
36. Sheep-pox.—Two reports were received, both were
duly attended to. The ryots were not willing for ovination.
37. Bacteriological cases.—Sixty-nine smears and speci-
mens were submitted to the Principal, Madras Veterinary
College for microscopical examination of which 29 were
declared positive for various diseases.
38. Microscopical work done by District Veterinary
Officer.—I examined thirty-five slides for various diseases, of
which 12 were positive. The Veterinary Assistant Surgeon
in charge Veterinary Hospital, Bellary, examined 39 speci-
mens and smears, of which 17 were positive.
39. Criminal poisoning.—There was one case of criminal
poisoning. "Thevetin" the active principle of yellow Oleander
was detected by the Chemical Examiner. The case is still
pending.
IV.—MISCELLAEOUS WORK.
40. Malicious injury.—Nine certificates were issued by
the staff for malicious injury; five were convicted and one case
is pending.
41. Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.—
The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act was
extended during the year to Hospet Municipality and the
veterinary institution at that place was declared to be an
infirmary under the Act. Estimates for the construction of
a temporary thatched shed within the compound of Veterinary
Dispensary, Hospet, for the animals remanded under the Society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act is under corre-
spondence. Fourteen certificates on bovines were issued by the
Veterinary Assistant Surgeon in charge of Veterinary Dispen-
sary, Hospet, under the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals Act and the owners were convicted. The Veteri-
nary Assistant Surgeon in charge of Veterinary Hospital, Bel-
lary, issued 16 certificates and it is gratifying to note that
14 cases were remanded for treatment.
42. Introduction of revised scale of fees in veterinary
institutions.—There is no veterinary institution in this circle
where fees are levied.
43. Cattle fairs.—The annual cattle fairs at Kuruvathi.
Mylar, Hirehadgalli and Gorantla were attended by the staff.
I attended the cattle fairs at Kuruvathi and Gorantla.
91
44. Inspection of Government livestock.—The Govern-
ment livestock stationed at Bellary, Hagari, Nandyal, Velgode
and Siddapuram were inspected by me and Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons concerned.
45. Meat inspection.—The services of Veterinary Assist-
ant Surgeons in charge of veterinary institutions at Bellary,
Hospet, Adoni and Kurnool were utilized by the municipali-
ties in meat inspection. Whole-time Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons were not maintained by any of the local bodies in
this circle.
46. Lethal Chambers.—The lethal chambers belonging to
the municipalities at Bellary, Kurnool and Adoni were inspected
quarterly by the Veterinary Assistant Surgeons. Seven
hundred and ninty-two dogs were killed at the lethal chambers
in this circle.
47. Propaganda work.—Leaflets on common contagious
diseases in English, Kanarese and Telugu were distributed at
the annual cattle fairs and during the car-festival and National
Health and Baby Week celebrations at Bellary. Lectures were
also given by the members of the department on suppression
of cattle diseases in general and the advantages of serum
simultaneous inoculations against rinderpest at the different
fairs which were much appreciated. Castration by Burdizzo's
emasculator was demonstrated to the ryots.
The Touring Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Dhone, attended
the ryots' conference convened by the Deputy Collector of
Dhone and spoke to the ryots about veterinary matters and
demonstrated to the ryots castrations by Burdizzo method.
48. Investigation.—I had occasion to treat 52 cases
definitely known to be suffering from sheep-pox in different
stages of the disease with 3 to 5 c.c. " Lugol's solution of
Iodine " hypodermically. It was found effective only in the
early stages of the disease. Its trial on a larger scale in
different parts of the Presidency is recommended with a view
to study its efficacy. Ovination could not be carried out owing
to the ryots' unwillingness.
V.—GENERAL REMARKS.
49. The staff did not find it necessary to complain against
any village officer for slackness in reporting outbreaks of
cattle disease.
92
50. The following recommendations made in the report of
the Royal Commission on Agriculture regarding the depart-
ment have been carried out during the year under report.
(a) Discontinuance of inoculations by serum alone
method.
(b) Conducting inoculations by serum simultaneous
method.
(c) Emasculating scrub bulls, rams and other male ani-
mals with the Burdizzo's castrator as far as practicable.
51. Out of the total number of castrations done during
the year, viz., 1,237 in the circle, 1,192 were done by Bur-
dizzo's castrator.
52. The work of the office staff was satisfactory.
A. K. MITRA,
District Veterinary Officer, Bellary.
93
ANNUAL ADMINISTRATION REPORT OF THE DISTRICT
VETERINARY OFFICER, MADANAPALLE, FOR THE
YEAR 1930-31.
I.—ADMINSTRATION.
The jurisdiction of this circle comprised as in the previous
year the districts of Chittoor and Anantapur.
2. Mr. G. A. Ajwani was in charge of this circle from the
1st April 1930 till the 2nd July 1930, Mr. G. Krishnaswami
Mudaliyar from the 2nd July 1930 to the 12th August 1930,
Mr. K. Seshagiri Rao Nayudu from the 12th August 1930 to
the 14th February 1931 after which date I held charge of this
circle for the rest of the year.
3. Mr. G. A. Ajwani was on tour for 47 days. He
inspected in detail the Veterinary Hospital, Chittoor, and
touring billets of Penukonda, Dharmavaram and Chittoor
once. He attended the annual cattle fair at Kothacheruvu,
Penukonda taluk, from the 18th to 20th May 1930. He also
visited some of the villages affected with rinderpest in both
the districts and assisted the Touring Veterinary Assistant
Surgeons in Chittoor and Penukonda and Dharmavaram taluks
in conducting serum simultaneous inoculations against rinder-
pest.
4. Mr. G. Krishnaswami Mudaliyar toured for 12 days.
He inspected the veterinary dispensary and touring billet of
Anantapur in detail. In the village of Narpela of Anantapur
taluk he treated, with the indigenous drug supplied by
Mr. Sashital of Bombay, eight cases of rinderpest in different
stages of which five animals have been reported to have
recovered and three died.
5. Mr. K. Seshagiri Rao Nayudu was on tour for 103
days. He paid a surprise visit to the Veterinary Hospital,
Chittoor. He inspected in detail the veterinary institutions
at Madanapalle, Battuvaripalle, Hindupur and Tadpatri and
touring billets at Madanapalle, Chandragiri and Gooty. He
made non-detailed inspections of the veterinary institutions
at Chittoor and Anantapur and the touring billets at Chittoor,
Chandragiri, Anantapur, Penukonda and Dharmavaram. He
inspected the field work and records of the Additional Veteri-
nary Assistant Surgeon, Puttur, once. He also inspected the