102 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [ IV, I.
In regard to G. nasalis, the author cites an interesting observation recorded by Wells [1931]
which would seem to indicate that the laræ of this fly do not borrow into the skin of the throat
(where the eggs are, as a rule, deposited, but that they crawl on the surface of the skin and find
their way into the mouth between the lips. [S. K. S.]
The control of camel trypanosomiasis. BENNETT, S. C. J. J. Comp. Path. &
Ther., XLVI, 67-77 and 174-185 (1933).
The author surveys his work on this problem carried out from 1927-1932 and his experimental
data are based on hundreds of camels in which the disease was diagnosed and treated. The species
normally responsible for this disease is Trypanosoma soudanense (a local name for Trypanosoma
evansi), which is transmitted by tabanid flies. The number of vectors is very much increased
during the rainy season and therefore the disease takes on an epizootic form.
The diagnosis of this disease under field conditions by the cover-slip method was found to miss
a large number of infected camels. The formol-gel test gave promising results but on account of
certain practical objections and the superiority of the mercuric chloride test the former was aban-
doned.
The method of applying the mercuric chloride test is to add one drop of suspected serum to one
cubic centimetre of 1/25,000 aqueous chemically pure mercuric chloride solution in a small test
tube and mix by gentle movement. The appearance of white precipitate of any density within a
few moments indicates infection. For accuracy of results the use of a fresh solution and corpuscle-
free serum is essential.
A single intravenous injection of four grammes of Naganol (Bayer 205) is a curative dose and
the author concludes that this drug has no parallel in therapeutic value, and the control of the
disease almost entirely depends on the proper administration of this compound.
Immunity following cure is non-existent, although the camels are resistant to re-infection for a
short period due to residual traces of Naganol.
Trypanosome "carriers" among domestic animals, such as horses and donkeys, play little part
in spreading camel trypanosomiasis.
The routine treatment is generally undertaken towards the end of the " fly " season. This
ensures that few camels required a second course of treatment in one year.
Camels are susceptible to all species of tsetse-borne trypanosomes, and, with the exception of
Tryp. congolense, the infections appear comparable with those of Tryp. evansi type, and a routine
system of control would, therefore, be applicable. [B. S.]
Trichomonads associated with breeding troubles in cattle. McNUTT, S. H.,
WALSH, F. E., and MURRAY, C. Cornell Vet., XXIII, 160-169, (1933).
The Protozoan parasites known as Trichomonad have long been regarded as causing breeding
troubles in cattle. Once the infection is established in a herd, a large number of cows become
affected, thereby causing a great loss to breeders. The chief pathological changes found are
vaginitis, pyometra, endometritis, early abortion and finally sterility. The infected cows show a
distended uterus, containing up to four gallons of pus of a yellowish, watery, and flocculent nature,
having a slight odour and acid reaction. The uterine mucosa appears smooth and leather-like, while
some parts are roughened yellow and necrotic.