cciii
Heart weighs 5 lbs. 7 ozs. The base of the organ is surrounded by orange-coloured
exudation which also follows the course of the coronary vessels towards the apex. The
right side is dilated and the left contracted, but there are no extravasations on the surface
of the muscular tissues. The right auricle contains some dark-coloured blood clot; the
right ventricle also contains dark semi-fluid blood, and in the latter there are a few ecchy-
moses lying under the surface of the endocardium. The valves are healthy. The left
auricle only contains a few dark-coloured blood clots. The left ventricle contains a large yellow-
coloured clot, bathed in semi-fluid dark blood, and the clot is found to extend up the
large vessels in connection with the cavity. The extravasations of blood are numerous, but
small, and here and there aggregated together, the largest groups being situated on the
musculi papillares, lying under the endocardium. The valves are healthy.
The muscular structure of the heart has undergone a fatty change.
Abdomen.— There is about one gallon of dark brown-coloured fluid in the cavity of the
peritoneum.
The stomach is large, distended with gas, and contains some semi-digested food
and a female lumbricoid—Ascaris megalocephala—nine inches in length by 1/5th inch in
breadth. The cuticular portion of the organ is healthy, but the villous presents several
patches from two to three inches in diameter, reddish in colour, but there is no solution of
continuity of the surface of the mucous membrane. There are, however, in addition to the
above, three circular ulcers about the size of a two-anna silver piece ; these are situated on
the summits of raised eminences, are cup-shaped and remind one of the craters of miniature
volcanoes. The surfaces of the ulcers are red in colour, granular, and appear to be healing.
Liver weighs 13 lbs. l½ozs., is enlarged, and presents signs of old perihepatitis. There
are numerous small grey-coloured bodies gritty to the touch, lying under the capsule of
the organ. On section, the cut surfaces present a dark-red colour, dotted over with
numerous small yellow-coloured bodies, which grated against the edge of the knife as it
passed through the tissues. These bodies are easily enucleated by passing the edge of the
knife over the cut surfaces.
Spleen 4 lbs. 2 ozs. There are numerous small extravasations upon the surface of the
capsule. On section the tissue is dark in colour and soft, but appears healthy.
Kidneys.—Right weighs 1 lb. 11 ozs., the left 1 lb. 9ozs. The capsules strip easily;
there are no ecchymoses lying on the external cortical portion, but the organs appear rather
pale.
Small Intestines present small ecchymoses dotted over the external surface, but they
are found to lie under the peritoneal covering. On section, they are found not to invade the
mucous membrane. Peyer's patches are healthy.
Large Intestines healthy.
Brain.—The superficial veins are dark in colour from the contained blood, but the
convolutions present a pale colour. There is a slight increase in the quantity of fluid found
in the lateral ventricles. The fluid is clear in colour, and on microscopical examination no
hæmatozoa could be discovered.
Remarks.—This animal was in fair condition, and was kept under observation for three
days, during which time it appeared to be in good health. On the 15th August 1891 it was
inoculated with .6 c.c. of blood taken from Horse No. XXXIV one hour and a quarter after
death. The hæmatozoa were, previous to death, numerous in the blood.
No symptoms of disturbance were noted until the 18th when an eruption, Urticarial in
form and similar to that noted in case No. XXXIII, appeared on the skin. On the 21st
numerous hæmatozoa were present in the blood, the eruption was disappearing, and the
temperature rose in the evening from 37.3°C. to 39°C. the following morning. The hæmato-
zoa remained very numerous from the 22nd until the 26th when they disappeared from the
blood and the temperature fell rapidly. The usual symptoms of Surra were present in this
case and were rapidly progressive; the animal finally sank and died. This was an aged
animal with a bad constitution, and was unable to resist the disease.
The points of interest in this case are :—
(i). The first appearance of the swelling at the seat of inoculation thirty-six hours after
the injection of blood.
(ii). The increase in size of the tumor accompanied by tension and tenderness of the
affected part, until the morning of the fifth day after inoculation.
(iii). The appearance of an Urticarial form of eruption on the neck and either side of the
spinal column, which persisted for over seventy-two hours.
(iv). The decrease in size, tension and tenderness of the tumor at the seat of inoculation
and the simultaneous appearance of hæmatozoa in numbers in the general
circulation.
(v). The first appearance of the hæmatozoon in the blood took place six days after the
subcutaneous inoculation of the animal.
(vi). The extensive pathological lesions involving the lungs, heart and stomach, and the
presence of an Ascaris Megalocephala in the cavity of the latter.