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total absence of blood extravasations. There are however a few hard calcareous bodies
lying near the surface of the organs under the visceral pleuræ. On. section, the tissues
appear healthy.
The pericardium contains a few ounces of a somewhat turbid, orange-coloured fluid.
Heart.—Externally the base is the seat of yellow exudation and is dotted over with
numerous small petechiæ, especially in the sulcus between the right auricle and ventricle ;
the muscular structure is however quite free from them. On section, the Right auricle is
found to contain a few dark red clots, otherwise it presents a perfectly normal appearance.
The Bight ventricle contains some fluid blood and clots, but there are no sub-endocardial
ecchymoses visible. One curtain of the inter-auriculo-ventricular valve, lying in apposition
to the interventricular septum, presents an extravasation, dark purple in the centre,
with a lighter pink zone surrounding it l¼"× ½" the surface of which appears roughened or
granular, but on lifting: up the valve, it is found not to implicate the external surface of it.
The Left auricle is empty, but the endocardial lining presents a very white appearance, but
is found to be perfectly smooth when the hand is passed over it. There are two small
sub-endocardial ecchymoses very dark in colour, circular in form, ⅛" in diameter one on each
of the muscular masses of the musculi-papillares, and there are also a few lying under the
endocardium, but covered by the chordæ tendineas and the lower portion of the right curtain
forming the mitral valve ; the other curtain presents a few small ecchymoses on its inner
surface. The aortic and pulmonary valves are healthy.
Abdominal cavity.—The peritoneal cavity is free from fluid.
Stomach.—Distended with food. On section, the cuticular portion is healthy; the
villous portion presents at about its centre, between the line of demarcation and the pylorus,
a tumour 4" × 2" × 1" with an opening leading into the interior, due to Spiroptera megasto-
ma; on section, a large cavity is found lying in the subcutaneous tissue beneath the thick
ened mucous membrane, and contains some purulent material which has a very offensive
smell.
Liver.—The capsule presents several circumscribed white-coloured patches, due to
old perihepatitis. There are no caseous nodules visible on the surface, or on section of the
organ ; the tissues appear healthy.
Spleen is enlarged and weighs 3 lbs. 4 ozs. There are a few ecchymoses dotted over
the surface of the capsule, but on section, the tissues are found to be firm and present a
healthy appearance.
Kidneys.—The capsules strip easily, and present a perfectly healthy appearance on sec
tion.
Small intestines.—The surface of the mucous membrane is coated with a light yellow
coloured viscid material, but the membrane itself presents a perfectly healthy appearance
throughout its whole length.
Large intestines.—There are a few small circumscribed patches of congestion in the
cæcum and colon but no ulceration. Also a few parasites (Strongylus armatus).
Rectum presents three small circumscribed patches, ⅓" in diameter, somewhat red in
colour, about two feet from the anus, but there is no sign of any ulceration.
Remarks.—This animal belonged to the Bombay Tramway Company and was taken into
their Infirmary and placed under observation as a suspicious case on September 17th, 1892.
On the morning of the 23rd September 1892, the Surra hæmatozoon was found on microsco
pical examination of the blood. At the present time the cause of this outbreak is involved
in obscurity, as every known possible precaution is taken by their able Managing Director,
who is fully alive to the importance of and takes the keenest interest in the subject.
The animal was taken in the Laboratory Hospital on September 24th. From the symp
toms exhibited, it appeared that the disease was in a somewhat advanced stage and the
attack was a severe one. On microscopical examination of the blood, it was found to contain
numerous " Surra" hæmatozoa.
It was decided in this case to endeavour to destroy the organism by the exhibition of
large and frequently repeated doses of an antiseptic, pushiug it if necessary to such a degree
as to cause toxic symptoms in the animal, but stopping short of causing actual poisoning.
Carbolic Acid and Iodine, mixed in a suitable vehicle, were the agents selected, as it is said
that in some cases of specific disease their use has been attended with marked success.
The method adopted in the administration of the drugs was to be one calculated to
insure the absorption of them in comparatively small but gradually increasing quantity.
With this end in view, on September 25th two drachms of Carbolic Acid and half a drachm
of Iodine were administered as a first dose, and followed at intervals of an hour by onedrachm
of Carbolic Acid and half a drachm of Iodine. The animal up to the morning of the 26th
had received Caibolic Acid, fifteen drachms, and seven of Iodine. This amount of the drugs
produced no untoward symptoms, beyond an increase in the number of respirations. On
microscopical examination of the blood, very numerous hæmatozoa were found. During
the rest of the day, the animal received four drachms of Carbolic, and two drachms of Iodine.
On the morning of the 27th , it appeared better, but the respirations still remained high.