NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
Railway Inspection.]
41
59. With a view to facilitate the working of the passport
rules, railway employés holding periodical railway passes
and Government officials holding standing passes should be
required to provide themselves before departure with cer-
tificates signed by the stationmasters concerned ' showing
the places from which they start.
'
60. ...
60-A, The passport rules should be worked in such a
manner as to cause the minimum of inconvenience to gosha
women, and persons belonging to that class should, whenever
it is possible to do so, be exempted from attendance on the
local authority at the hospital or elsewhere and be inspected
at their own houses. The examination of gosha women
should always be conducted by females, who, when not trained
or duly qualified, should work under the instructions of medical
officer.
61. ...
62. . . .
63. ...
64
...
65. ...
66. . . .
67. ...
68. Regulation No. 2 should be strictly carried out as
a check on the working of city and mufassal regulations 1
and prosecution should be resorted to in places where
the duty of reporting arrivals from plague-infected parts is
neglected in spite of repeated warnings. If ...
the exist-
ing sanitary staff is unequal to the task of properly carrying
out the system of observation, it should be strengthened.
Railway Inspection.
69. . . . Plague officers . . . employed at
...
Perambur, should always carry with them a note-book of a
special conspicuous colour with the words "Government of
Madras Plague officials' note-book" printed on the back. A
copy of the appointment order should be attached to the note-
book. Copies of the book may be obtained from the Superin-
tendent, Government Press, through the Surgeon-General.
70. Railway Administrations are requested to instruct
their staff to give every assistance to the medical officers
conducting the inspection in order to minimise the detention
of the trains, and to detain the trains until the medical
6
42
[Railway Inspection.
inspection is over. Railway ticket collectors may be allowed
to accompany the plague inspecting officers, if this course
is found to economize time. . . .
71. . .
7 2 . . .
73. ...
74. ...
75. . .
76. If a detained person has plague when removed from
the train, all who have travelled with him in the same
compartment are "contacts" and must also be detained
unless they have been inoculated,
77. . . .
78. . . .
79. ...
80. Any expenditure incurred in providing inspection
sheds on railway platforms in cases where there are no proper
facilities in the railway station for the examination of pass-
engers in accordance with the plague regulations or in the
supply of punches or scissors for marking railway tickets
should be borne by the civil department and not by the
railway administrations.
81, ...
82. The mark used at inspection stations is a hole four-
tenths of an inch square punched in the long side of railway
tickets. It should be made only on the tickets of those pass-
engers who come, or are suspected to come, from plague-
infected areas or from places notified by Government for the
purposes of the passport rules. The special mark should bo
made at the first inspection station at which the passenger
arrives. It is not necessary to punch his ticket again at any
subsequent inspection station through which he may pass,
but he must be medically examined nevertheless. Tickets of
persons who come from an uninfected area, or who, though
coming from an infected area, have been detained for ten days
at one of the observation camps established in the Madras
presidency, need not be so marked.
83. . . .
84. ...
84-A. . . .
8 5 . . . .
86» * • • »
43
Fairs, Festivals and Pilgrimages,
86-A. When a festival or fair or other public gathering
which is likely to be attended by persons from plague-infected
parts is about to take place . . . the President may apply
to Government for orders to prohibit their attendance and to
enforce the prohibition by stopping temporarily the issue of
railway tickets to such persons or by other means. If there
is plague in the city a similar course should be adopted when
a festival or fair or other public gathering which is likely to
be attended by persons from healthy parts is about to take
place . , .
87. Proposals submitted under the preceding rule should
be forwarded through the Sanitary Commissioner so as to
reach Government a month and-a-half previous to the holding
of the fairs and festivals. Proposals submitted at later dates
do not allow proper measures being taken to enforce them.
O
O
•
88. ...
89. ...
90. . . .
91. ...
92. As regards pilgrimage to the Hedjaz, the Government
of India annually issue orders either prohibiting it altogether
or allowing it under certain conditions from uninfected parts
only. In the latter case, the intending pilgrims are collected
at convenient observation camps, they are not allowed to
purchase passage tickets to the Hedjaz except at those
observation camps, and after they have been detained for
the prescribed period and certified to be free from infection,
they are sent in special trains or carriages to the selected
ports for embarkation. Pilgrims returning from the Hedjaz
in healthy vessels are, after disinfection of their clothing and
baggage, sent at once to their destination without being
allowed to mix with the population of the port of landing.
Those returning in a plague-infected vessel are subjected to
ten days' observation in a camp before being. sent to their
homes. The authorities of the port of landing are required to
send nominal rolls of the pilgrims to the officers concerned,
and to give previous intimation of their departure, in order
that they may be watched for a few days after arrival at their
destination.
44
Destruction of Rats,
.93. Regulation 8.—There is a general belief, supported
by medical opinion, that rats are peculiarly susceptible to
the infection of the bubonic plague and are active agents
in its dissemination. Granaries are the favourite haunts
of rats, and grain bags arriving from any place suspected
to be affected by the plague should be very carefully
examined, and any rats found with them at once destroyed
and their bodies consumed by fire. Infection once brought
into a granary spreads rapidly among the healthy rats, and
thence in time to human beings living in the neighbourhood
. Attention. .
.is therefore drawn to the necessity
of taking special precautions to prevent the danger of infection
from this source. Arrangements should be made for the
constant inspection of granaries and grain bazaars and care
taken to keep them clean and disinfected and to have the rats
destroyed. In inspecting these granaries particular inquiries
should be made whether any dead or sick rats have been
observed. Rats sick with the plague seem careless in the
presence of men and run about in a dazed way with a peculiar
limping gait in the hind legs owing to painful glands in the
groin. The port and sea customs authorities should be
instructed to see that no rats are landed with goods .
and that rats found in ships are destroyed forthwith.
94. The Traffic Manager, South Indian Railway, has
issued the following circular to his subordinates :—" Station-
masters and their staff should carefully inspect consignments
of grain from plague-infected areas to see that any rats that
may arrive concealed in the grain are destroyed ; should also
destroy bandicoots, rats and mice where grain is deposited
on railway premises in case they may have eaten of the grain
and so become infected. This vermin should be tracked and
exterminated by all possible methods, the dead bodies being
consumed by fire at once. Stationmasters and others of the
staff concerned with these instructions should make a special
report to this office, if they destroy 20 or more of these
rodents in any one week, and if a rat trap is wanted they
should send an indent for one." Other Railway Adminis-
trations have been requested to issue similar instructions to
their staff. . . .
95. It has been ruled that ordinarily the destruction of
rats should be confined to—
(a) infected places and the surrounding area within
a radius of ten miles round it ;
Plague reports.]
45
(b) landing places and railway goods-sheds, where rats
from infected places are likely to be imported with goods
brought by sea or railway.
In the case of (a), rewards may be necessary but the
maximum rate should not exceed three pies. In other cases,
the port or railway authorities are expected to do all that is
required without the reward system.
96. The charges incurred in the destruction of rats should
be debited to . . . municipal funds .
Plague Reports and Returns,
97. When a case of plague, genuine or suspected, is first
discovered the President . . . should immediately
intimate the fact to the Secretary to Government, Local
and Municipal department, to the Sanitary Commissioner and
to the Surgeon-General, stating how the case was discovered,
whether it was indigenous or imported, and in the latter case,
whence it was imported, and such further particulars with
dates as may be thought necessary. Oases of plague among
' contacts ' who have not within a fortnight been in an infected
place should be treated as indigenous and not imported.
Further details should be furnished . . . if possible within
43 hours. This report should be in the form prescribed
[Appendix F].
98. All attacks and deaths should be intimated daily
to Government the Sanitary Commissioner and the
Surgeon-General. . . The President should also send daily
telegraphic reports of plague to the medical officer of the
Ceylon Government stationed at Tuticorin whenever plague
cases occur in Madras. The cost of these telegrams will be
debited to the Ceylon Government by the Accountant-General.
99. ...
100. . . .
100-A. . . .
101. . . .
Plague Correspondence.
102. All correspondence about plague should be addressed
to the Secretary to Government, Local and Municipal depart-
ment, and should be marked with the word ' Plague ' in red
ink on the outside covers and on the left-hand corner of the
46
[Plague regulations.
papers. Telegrams should be addressed to " Madras, Plague."
All communications, except reports or returns on printed
forms, should be forwarded with a docket sheet, copies of
which are supplied by the Superintendent, Government Press.
103. All references regarding account matters should be
addressed to, or forwarded through, the Accountant-General.
104. . . .
105, . . .
106. Copies of all important orders passed by the Govern-
ment in regard to the prevention and suppression of plague
will be supplied from the Government office to the Deputy
Adjutant-General, Madras Command, and the General officers
Commanding Districts, who should also be furnished by .
. the President, Municipal Commission, Madras, with
similar orders issued by himself.
107, . . .
Plague Regulations.
108, . . .
109.
110, The regulations apply to all alike without distinction
of class or rank but should be enforced only against persons
with regard to whom there are reasonable grounds of suspi-
cion. Due notice will be given by Government as soon as it
is considered safe to relax any of the restrictions now imposed
on trade and on the movement of passengers. Until then,
they should be carefully observed.
111.
112. By Command Order, No. 687, dated 18th November
1898, all ranks in the Madras Command are directed to obey
the plague regulations, and any infringement of them is
punishable as a military offence. Military pensioners have
been warned (Superintendent's circular Ño. II, dated 14th
December 1898) that any disobedience or wilful neglect of the
regulations or obstruction to any official on plague duty will
be treated as a breach of the good conduct required by Gov-
ernment as a condition of the continuation of their pensions,
and that any pensioner being guilty thereof will be liable to
have his pension stopped forthwith, and the same reduced or
permanently withdrawn.
113, The plague regulations being orders promulgated,
i.e formally made and issued, by Government under the Epi-
demic Diseases Act and not by any public servant, no sanction
Appointments and allowances.] 47
is required as a condition precedent to prosecution for disobey-
ing them (Judgment of the High Court in Criminal Appeal
No. 551 of 1899).
114. If the Police are informed that a person is evading the
plague regulations by giving a false name or a wrong address,
they can act under section 57 of the Criminal Procedure
Code, and detain the person until satisfied that they have got
his true name and address. Failing information as to true
name and address or the execution of a bond, the Police can
forward the person to a magistrate.
Plague Appointments and Plague Allowances,
114-A
114-B,
115. All appointments on account of plague require the
sanction of Government. . . . Appointments sanctioned
without reference to limit of time require renewal of sanction
every six months.
116.
117.
. • • • The President, Municipal Commission,
Madras, should prepare every month printed list of officers of
all classes, including troops, employed on plague duty, in
accordance with the instructions contained in Plague Com-
missioner's Proceedings, No. 762, dated 22nd November 1898,
No, 1047, dated 28th December 1898, and G.O., No. 1504-P.,
dated 17th October 1899, and No. 656, dated 7th March 1899.
The . . . Commissioner of Police, Madras, should prepare
similar lists of all police engaged in plague work, and the
Surgeon-General should also submit a return showing all
medical officers on plague duty and all temporary doctors
obtained from England, with their stations, pay and allow-
ances. The lists should be submitted not later than the 5th
of each month and should be distributed as follows :—
Three copies to the Chief Secretary to Government,
Financial department.
Pour copies to the Secretary to Government, Local and
Municipal department.
Two copies to the Accountant-General.
118. The charge of plague operations in. an infected
district must be regarded as part of the general duty of an
executive officer. No encouragement should be given to an
impression that duty connected with the plague involves
greater risks or is deserving of more favourable treatment
48 [Plague Expenditure and Accounts.
than attendance in the infectious wards of a hospital or in a
camp afflicted with cholera, which is accepted as part of the
officer's ordinary duty. Save in exceptional cases no recom-
mendation should be made for the grant of special salary
allowance or pension for plague duty. The Government of
India has, however, authorised the grant of special allowances
to medical officers for plague duty performed in addition to
their ordinary work in cases where it is sufficiently arduous
to deserve special remuneration. The Local Government
may also sanction local allowances under article 187 of the
Civil Service Regulations to officers of other classes provided
their plague duty lies entirely outside the ordinary and
legitimate duties of their offices. The Secretary of Stato
has also sanctioned the grant of extraordinary pension to
the families of police men who die of plague contracted in
the execution of their duties in plague-stricken localities,
provided such duties entail imminent risk from plague.
119. The special allowances given to certain classes of
officers for plague duty and the salaries attached to special
temporary appointments created 011 account of the plague
are given in Appendix G. All questions relating to the
grant of such allowances should be referred for the orders of
D
Government,
Plague Expenditure and Accounts,
120. . . .
121. 'The President, Municipal Commission, Madras, is
required to submit quarterly estimates of plague expenditure.
These estimates should be forwarded direct to the Financial
department, so as to reach their destination not later than
the fifth of the first month of each quarter. The estimate
submitted by the Surgeon-General includes provision for all
medical officers, nurses, &c., who have been sent out by the
Secretary of State and are temporarily attached to hospitals,
&c., in Madras prior to their being posted to duties in connec-
tion with plague work.
122. • • • The estimate for the third quarter shall be
submitted so as to reach its destination on the 5th November
instead of the 5th October and shall show (1) actual expendi-
ture up to the 31st October, (2) estimate for November and
December, (3) estimate for the last quarter of the official year,
and (4) total estimate for the year. This estimate shall be
accompanied by an estimate for the ensuing official year based
Plague Expenditure and Accounts.] 49
on the conditions existing at the time of framing the estimate.
This latter estimate need not provide for each quarter of the
year separately.
123. . . .
124. . . .
125. . . .
126. Forms of the estimates will be printed and supplied
by the Accountant-General. No changes shall be made in
the form without the approval of the Financial departaient.
127. . . .
128. . . .
128-A. The clothing specified in rule 9 will be supplied
to the troops regimentally ; and as soon as it has been issued,
and the bill countersigned by ...
the President, Muni-
cipal Commission, Madras, . . . the military department,
will debit the .cost to the civil department in the exchange
account rendered by the Controller of Military Accounts to
the Accountant-General, who will make the necessary
adjustments and recover the amount from the municipality.
129. . . .
130. . . .
131. Fines recovered in prosecutions under the plague
regulations should be credited to fines under Law and
Justice.
132. . . .
51
APPENDIX B.
GENERAL FASS,
[See regulation 24 (3) on page 18.]
(To be issued for daily or frequent journeys by road or boat from
an infected area.)
No,
District,
Station of issue.
Name of person.
Father's name.
Caste.
Age.
Ordinary residence.
Journey covered by this pass.
This pass protects the person named above and the members of his
family mentioned on the reverse, but it does not authorize journey by
rail, for which a separate pass shall be obtained by each individual
requiring it, nor does it cover residence outside
It will be in force until revoked.
Signature.
Designation.
Date.
(Reverse of Form.)
Name
How related to pass-holder
Signature.
Designation.
Date.
52
APPENDIX C.
GENERAL PASS,
Subsidiary pass for railway journey only.
[Seo regulation 24 (3) on page 18.]
(To be issued for daily or frequent journeys by rail from an
infected area.)
No.
District.
Station of issue.
Name of person.
Father's name.
Caste.
Age
Ordinary residence.
Journey covered by this pass.
Signature.
Designation.
Date.
APPENDIX D.
SPECIAL PASS.
[See regulation 24 (4) on page 19.]
(To be issued to persons leaving an inhabited infected area to reside
in its neighbourhood.)
No.
District,
Station of issue.
Number of office of issue.*
Name of person.
Father's name.
Caste.
Occupation.
Age.
Ordinary residence.
The above-named person (and his family consisting- of
males
and
females as per reverse) is/are permitted to reside temporarily at
(name of site or number of field) on his producing this pass, with the
accompanying certificate t duly filled in by the officer responsible for
disinfection.
Date
Signature and designation.
* To be entered when there is more than oue office of issue in the town.
If the family leaves a healthy area of the town or a house that has not been
infected, this part of the certificate may be dispensed with at the discretion of the
issuing officer.
Appendix E.]
53
(Reverse of Form.)
Name.
How related to pass-holder.
Signature.
Designation.
Date.
Disinfection Certificate.
1 hereby certify that having satisfied myself that arrangements for
residence at the site named by the above described person (and his
family) were complete, I immediately before his/their departure carefully
disinfected all clothing and property removed by him/them
Date
Signature of officer in charge of
disinfection.
APPENDIX E.
[See Regulation 40 (2) on page 23.]
[COUNTERFOIL.]
No.
Name
Father's name
Street
Village
Town
Taluq
District
Date
Initials of operator.
Plague Inoculation
Certificate.
No.
CERTIFIED that
,son
of
street/
, resident of
, village
town/
'
taluq
' district
, has been inoculated by me, and
that his thumb-mark was at the time impressed
before me.
Space for left thumb-mark. Signature and
designation,
Dated
NOTE.
ffering
from,
plague,
segregation,
from detention when travelling, and from ten days observation
under the passport rules. It does not, however, exempt him from
liability to evacuate an infected house, except in the case where all
the occupants of the house have been inoculated, or to have his
clothes disinfected when travelling. The certificate is valid for
a period of six months.
8
54
APPENDIX F.
Plague Report.
[Sec Rule 97 on page 45.]
Plague Report
Date
No.
1. Name of division —.
2. Population—.
3. Plague cases up to
date of last report
Number of seizures — .
Number of deaths — .
Date of last report — .
Imported. Indigenous.
4. Date of present attack—.
5. When reported by telegram—?
6. Imported or indigenous— ?
7. Brief history of case—.
8. If imported, had patient a passport 011 arrival ? If not, was he
supplied with one and kept under surveillance ?
9. Steps taken to isolate and treat the patient—.
10. Steps taken towards the segregation of contacts—.
11. Steps taken towards the evacuation and disinfection of the infected
house.
12. Was there any opposition on the part of the inmates of the infected
house or of the people to the plague measures ?
13. Remarks.
55
APPENDIX. G.
PART T.—Allowances of Officers deputed to Plague Duly.
[See Rule 119 on page 48.]
Class of officers.
A. Military officers
and troops.
B. Medical
officers -wholly
employed on
plague duty.
Particulars.
(a) When
employed
on
guard duty.*-
(6) When employed on sani-
tary duty, such as search-
ing, disinfecting', superin-
tending,
scavengering,
&c. —
(i) Combatant Bri-
tish
Commis-
sioned officers of
over 5 years'
service.
(ii) Combatant. Bri-
tish
Commis-
sioned
officers
under 5 years
service.
(iii) British non-com-
missioned
offi-
cers.
(iv) British privates.
(v) Native officers ...
(vi) Native non-com-
missioned
offi-
cers.
(vii) Sepoys
(i) Commissioned officers
transferred from regi-
mental or purely mili-
tary duty.
(ii) Commissioned officers
in civil employ.
(iii) Senior military assist-
ant surgeons with the
honorary rank of Cap-
Allowances.
Nil.
Rs. 300 a month.
Rs. 200 a mouth.
Rs. 1 + annas 6 extra ration
money per diem.
Annas 12 + annas 6 extra ration
money per diem.
Rs. 1-8-0 a day.
Annas 12 a day.
Annas 8 a day.
Same as in. the case of British
commissioned military officers.
Es. 5 a day.
Es. 5 a day.
tain or Lieutenant.
* When the troops employed on plague duty have been performing guard and
sanitary duties in the same place together, that is to say, when some of the party
have been employed on sanitary duties while others have been doing guard duty,
the duties being interchangeable, all the troops should be paid allowances. On
the other hand, where the duties assigned to any one body of troops have been
exclusively of the nature of guard duties no allowances should be granted. The
allowances shall be paid only for the days 011 which the troops are actually
employed on plague duty. All doubtful cases should be referred for the special
orders of Government.
Medical officers whose sole duty is the inspection of ships for plague purposes
are not entitled to any special fee for conducting inspection in bad weather.
Port health officers who inspect vessels from plague-infected ports on Sundaya
and closed holidays will be granted a special fee of Rs. 16 for each inspection, but not
more than double fee in respect to the same vessel inspected more than once on the
same day. No port health officer shall in any one month receive fees aggregating more
than, one-fifth of his salary.