NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
civ
28th.—No change since yesterday in the state of the animal; the petechias hare dis-
appeared from the membranes and at the seat of inoculation there is only a little thickening
to be felt, but there is no tenderness.
Temp. a.m 39.4°C. P. 60. E. 16.
The hæmatozoa continue to be numerous in the blood.
Urine.—Turbid, yellowish-red in colour, Sp. Gr. 1,026, alkaline, no albumen.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.5°C, 5 P.M. 40.8°C. P. 76. R. 28.
The pulse is full and frequent, but does not intermit.
29th.—The animal is weaker this morning, and eats very slowly.
Temp. a„m. 39.8°C. P. 72. R. 16.
The pulse continues to be frequent, but the respirations have considerably fallen in
number. The hind limbs are slightly swollen and the sheath is somewhat œdematous.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.3°C. P. 80.
The hæmatozoa are very numerous in the blood. Urine, turbid, orange in colour,
Sp. Gr. 1,032, alkaline, no albumen. Calcium Carbonate crystals numerous and various in
form. Temp. 5 P.M. 40.7°C. P. 80. R. 36.
30th.—The animal is brighter this morning, the temperature has fallen during the
night 1.6°C., and the pulse is considerably reduced in frequency.
Temp. A.M. 39.1°C. P. 48. R. 20.
The hæmatozoa are numerous in the blood.
Temp. 1 P.M. 39.5°C.
Urine.—Turbid, yellowish-red in colour, Sp. Gr. 1028, alkaline, no albumen, numerous
crystals of Calcium Carbonate, many varieties of form.
Temp. 5 P.M. 39.4ºC. P. 68. R. 44.
1st July.—The animal is much weaker, the limbs are more swollen and œdematous
and the sheath is in the same state. There are several large petechias on the conjunctival
membranes. The pulse is weak, frequent and intermits occasionally, once in ten or twelve
beats and the action of the heart is irritable.
Temp. A.M. 39.7°C. P. 60. R. 21.
The hæmatozoa are very numerous in the blood. Temp. 1 P.M. 40.8°C. The urine
is opaque, orange in colour, Sp. Gr. 1,028, alkaline, but there is no albumen.
Temp. 5 P.M. 39.8°C. P. 72. R. 28.
Animal placed in the slings.
2nd.—The weak condition of the animal continues, but he continues to eat, though
slowly.
Temp. A.M.39.1°C. P. 64. R. 40.
The hæmatozoa are very numerous, and the blood pale.
Temp. 1 P.M. 39.8°C.
The urine is opaque, dirty-orange in colour, Sp. Gr. 1,036, alkaline, no albumen.
The pulse is weak and compressible and has increased in frequency since this morning
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.2°C. P. 76. R. 36.
3rd.—The animal continues in the same condition.
Temp. A.M. 39.3°C. P. 72. R. 30.
Hæmatozoa swarming in the blood, which continues thin and watery.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.4°C. Urine, turbid, dirty, Sp. Gr. 1,025, alkaline, no albumen. Temp.
5 P.M. 40.7°C. P. 76. R. 34.
4th.— The animal's condition has remained unchanged. The swelling of the limbs
has increased and the swelling and oedema of the sheath have spread forward along the
lower portion of the belly.
Temp. A.M. 40°C. P. 60. R. 33.
The hæmatozoa are swarming in the blood. Temp. 1 P.M. 40.8°C.
Urine.—Orange, slightly turbid, Sp. Gr. 1,024, acid, no albumen.
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.7°C. P. 76. R. 32.
5th.—The animal is gradually sinking, but still continues to eat although slowly.
The heart's action is very irritable and tumultuous. Temp. A.M. 39.3°C. P. 88. R. 19.
clvii
(iii). The first appearance of the hæmatozoon in the animal's blood was on the 8th
morning after inoculation or 168 hours after injection of blood from No. LXV horse.
(iv). The inoculated disease was localized for seven days to the seat of inoculation
and did not become generalized until after the expiration of about 168 hours.
(v). The possibility of adopting radical treatment should be noted in inoculated
cases during the period elapsing between the inoculation of the virus and before the
first appearance of the hæmatozoon in the blood.
RECORDS OF URINE.
Animal, Grey C. B. Pony No. IXIV.
Date{ Inoculated 14th June 1892. Di sease, Surra from No. 65.
Date.
1892.
June 17 ...
18 ...
19 ...
20 ...
21 ...
22 ...
23 ...
24 .,
25 ...
26 ...
27 ...
28 ...
29 ...
30 ...
July 1 ...
2 ...
3 ...
4 ...
5 ...
6 ......
7 ...
Quantity.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
Death
...
Colour.
Turbid,
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Clear
red.
......
yellow ...
orange ...
do. ...
yellowish-
red.
yellow ...
do. ...
do. ...
yellowish-
red.
orange ...
do. ...
yellow ...
yellowish-
red.
orange ...
yellowish-
red.
orange ...
do. ...
do. ...
slight1y-
orange.
do. ...
yellowish-
......
Re-action.
Alkaline
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do,
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Acid
Do.
Do.
......
Specific
Gravity.
1,020
1,026
1,030
1,018
1,023
1,038
1,030
1,032
1,026
1,018
1,016
1,026
1,032
1,028
1,028
1,036
1,025
1,024
1,016
1,015
......
Albu-
men.
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
...
Phosphates.
No
No
No
...
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
......
Remarks.
CaCo3 very numerous striated spheres
large and small and oxalates.
„
and oxalates „
„
„ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„ „ „
„ „ „ „ „
„ „ „ „ „
„ „ „ „
„
„
„
various forms.
„ „ „ „ „
„
less in quantity.
„
still less in quantity.
„
absence of any on boiling.
„
absence complete.
„
absent.
„
absent.
clviii
CASE No, LIX.—HORSE, C. B., entire, aged, healthy and in fair condition.
25th April.
„
26th
„
21th
„
28th
„
29th
„
30th
„
1st May.
„
2nd
„
3rd
„
—Temp.,
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
A.M. 37.4°C.
P.M. 38.l°C.
A.M. 38.l°C.
P.M. 38.1°C.
A.M. 36.8°C.
P.M. 38.1°C.
A.M. 35.8ºC.
P.M. 37.7°C.
A.M. 36.5°C.
P.M. 38.l°C.
A.M. 36°C.
P.M. 37.4°C.
A.M. 36.7°C.
P.M. 37.6°C.
A.M. 36.2°C.
P.M. 37.8°C.
A.M. 37.7°C.
P.M. 38.1°C.
P.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
28.
29.
29.
29.
27.
29.
28.
29.
27.
29,
28.
30.
28.
31.
27,
31.
27.
32.
R.
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
20.
20,
20.
22,
20.
21.
20.
23.
21.
20,
22,
20.
23,
22.
22.
22.
22.
22.
This animal after having been under supervision for some weeks, was inoculated sub-
cutaneously this afternoon at 4 P.M. with 5 c.c. of blood drawn from the internal Jugular
Vein of horse No. LVIII.
4th.—The animal does not appear to have suffered in consequence of yesterday's
inoculation; there is no sign at the point where the injection was made. There are no
hæmatozoa in the blood.
Temp. A.M. 37.7°C. P. 32. R. 22.
„
1 P.M. 38.1°C.
„
5 P.M. 38.l°C. P. 34. R. 24.
5th.—The condition of the animal is unchanged, there is no swelling at the seat of
inoculation.
Temp. A.M. 38.1°C. P. 30. R. 22.
There are no hæmatozoa in the blood.
Temp. 1 P.M. 38.1°C., 5 P.M. 38.3°C. P. 42. R. 22.
6th.—-The animal appears in good health.
There is a small lump circular in form, 1 inch in diameter, and very slight tenderness
on pressure. Temp. A.M. 38.1°C. P. 32. R. 28.
Temp. 1 P.M. 38.l°C., 5 P.M. 38.1°C. P. 56. R. 30.
7th.—The animal appears bright, the appetite is good and the evacuations are
normal. The swelling at the seat of inoculation is larger than yesterday and more tender
to the touch.
Temp. A.M. 37.5°C. P. 30. R. 22.
There are no hæmatozoa in the blood.
Temp. 1 P.M. 38.3°C. Temp. 5 P.M. 38.1°C. P. 32. R. 30.
8th.—The animal did not lie down during the night, and this morning looks rather
dull. The swelling before mentioned has extended and now the tumor measures 3.5"x2"
and the tenderness has somewhat increased. Temp, A.M. 37.4°C. P. 32. R. 27.
Hæmatozoa absent from the blood.
At 1 P.M. the temperature was found to have run up to 39.1°C., and the tumor at
3 P.M. had become smaller and less tense; on examination of the blood a few hæmatozoa
were discovered, very active in their movements. Temp. 5 P.M. 39°C. P. 32. R. 25.
9th.— This morning the tumor at the seat of inoculation is considerably reduced
in size and now measures 1.5" x.75".
Temp. A.M. 39.3°C. P. 36. R. 20.
The hæmatozoa are now numerous in the blood. Temp. 1 P.M. 40.l°C.
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.8°C. P. 40. R. 26.
10th.—This morning the animal looks considerably pulled down and the appetite is not
so good. Temp. A.M. 40.4°C. P. 60. R. 24.
The tumor is still smaller and the tissues soft and movable. The hæmatozoa are
swarming in the blood. The temp. at 1 P.M. was 41.1°C, and at 5 P.M. was 41.2°C. P. 66
R. 33.
clix
11th.—The condition of the animal is the same, but the sheath is somewhat swollen and
œdematous.
Temp. A.M. 40.3°C. P. 40. R. 26.
The hæmatozoa still remain swarming in the blood. The animal did not lie down
in the night.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.4°C.
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.4°C. P. 52. R. 30.
12th.—This morning the animal is worse and the disease is running its usual course, the
legs are becoming swollen and œdeinatous, but the appetite continues good.
Temp. A.M. 39.3°C. P. 60. R. 26.
The hæmatozoa have decreased in number and are now numerous. Temp 1 P.M.
40.8°C. Temp. at 5 P.M. 40.6°C. P. 50. R. 29.
13th.—To-day there is no change in the state of the animal.
Temp. A.M. 40.7°C. P. 63. R. 36.
The hæmatozoa have again increased and are swarming. The Temp. at 1 P. m. rose to
40.8°C., but fell at 5 P.M., when it was 40.4°C. P. 56. R. 26.
14th.—The condition remains unchanged.
Temp. A.M. 40.1°C. P. 60. R. 25.
The appetite remains good, and the hæmatozoa have fallen in number to numerous
again. Temp. 1 P.M. 40.5°C.
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.7°C. P. 61. R. 24.
15th.—The condition of the animal is unchanged. Temp. A.M. 39.5°C. P. 54
R. 36.
The hæmatozoa are now still fewer than yesterday, but the mid-day temperature has
somewhat risen to 40°C.
At 5 P.M. the temperature attained 40.2°C. P. 68. R. 32,
16th.—This morning there is swelling of the limbs as before, but there is swelling
and oedema under the belly running forward between the fore-limbs.
Temp. A.M. 39.5°C. P. 60. R. 52.
The hæmatozoa are few in the blood.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.1°C., 5 P.M. 39.8°C. P. 60. R. 52.
17th.—The animal's appetite still continues to be good and it eats all the corn and
grass given to it. The sheath is considerably swollen, and the oedema, &c, of the belly has
increased and extended to the chest, there are râles in the trachea from the mucus collected
at the lower end.
Temp. A.M. 38.1°C. P. 52. R. 20.
There are extensive ecchymoses on the conjunctivas and some blood has escaped from
the vessels and the secretion at the inner cauthi is blood-stained. This mucus contains
hæmatozoa, large in size and active in their movements.
Temp. 1 P.M. 40.2°C. There are only a few hæmatozoa in the blood.
Temp. 5 P.M. 39.5ºC. P. 54. R. 48.
18th.— All the above symptoms are the same as yesterday, but if anything, are
somewhat more aggravated.
Temp. A.M. 38.6°C. P. 60. R. 40.
The hæmatozoa are numerous in the blood. Temp. at 1 P.M. was 41°C and at 5 P.M.
was 41°C. P. 62. R. 38.
19th.— The condition of the animal is gradually getting worse, and it is becoming
weaker, but at present the appetite is not impaired.
Temp. A.M. 39.6°C. P. 72. R. 64.
The hæmatozoa have run up again in number and are very numerous. Temp. 1 p. m.
40.6°C.
Temp. 5 P.M. 40.5°C. P. 80. R. 64.
20th.—The animal is distinctly weaker and will succumb within forty-eight hours, but
still continues to eat slowly.
Temp. A.M. 38.5°C. P. 104. R. 60.
The hæmatozoa are swarming in the blood. The temperature at mid-day rose to
40.2°C., but commenced to fall during the afternoon; at 5 P.M. the temperature was 39.8°C.
P. 120. R. 66.
The animal gradually became weaker and fell at 8 P.M., and death took place at 9-30
P.M.
clxv
RECORDS OF URINE.
Animal, Chestnut G. B. Horse No. LIV. Date { Inoculated 26th December 1891.
{ Death 6th February 1892.
Disease, Surra.
Date.
1891.
December 19 ...
27 ...
38 ...
29 ...
30 ...
31 ...
1892.
January 1 ...
2 ...
3 ...
4 ...
5 ...
6 ...
7 ...
8 ...
9 ...
30 ...
11 ...
12 ...
13 ...
14 ...
15 ...
16 ...
17 ...
18 ...
13 ...
20 ...
21 ...
22 ...
23 ...
24 ...
25 ...
26 ...
27 ...
28 ...
29 ...
30 ...
31 ...
February 1 ...
2 ...
3 ...
4 ...
5 ..
Quantity.
...
Colour.
Turbid,
viscid
yellow.
Turbid,
viscid
orange.
Do.
do....
Do.
do. ...
Do,
do. ...
Dirty-yellow
Do.
Brownish-red ...
Brownish-orange.
Do.
do. ...
Brownish bright
yellow.
Do.
do. ...
Muddy orange ...
Muddy yellow ...
Muddy orange ...
Yellowish-red ...
Orange
Do.
Yellow
Do.
Do.
Muddy yellow ...
Muddy
reddish-
yellow.
Yellow
Yellowish-red ...
Orange
Do.
Yellow
Orange
...
Yellow
Do.
Orange
Dirty-yellow . ...
Yellow
Do.
Turbid,
viscid
orange.
DO.
Turbid,
viscid,
muddy-yellow.
Slightly
turbid,
viscid, orange.
Clear,
reddish-
yellow.
Clear, orange ...
Clear
Re-action.
Alkaline
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Faintly Alka-
line.
Faintly Acid.
Acid
Strongly Acid
Do.
Specific
Gravity.
1,030
1,028
1,031
1,026
1,026
1,033
1,036
1,034
1,032
1,022
1,023
1,026
1,034
1,030
1,025
1,023
1,036
1,027
1,028
1,027
1,023
1.032
1036
1,030
1,026
1,029
1,033
1,028
1,023
1,027
1,026
1,021
1,029
1,032
1,028
1,036
1,028
1,031
1,037
1,026
1,028
1,018
Albu-
men.
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
A trace.
A trace,
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
A trace.
A trace.
No ...
A trace.
A trace.
NO ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
A trace.
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
No ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Nil ...
Phosphates.
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
REMARKS.
Striated spheres, and CaCo3, numerous,
some oxalates, &c.
„ „
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„ „
„
„ „
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„ „
„ „
„
,.
„
„
„
„
„
„ „
„ „
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
"
Crystals of carbonate of calcium,
No carbonates.
"
„
„
„
B1086—42 ap
HORSE
NO.
LV.
PHOTOGRAPHED ON THE 3RD MARCH 1892 (22ND DAY OF THE DISEASE). SURRA HÆMATOZOA SWARMING IN THE BLOOD AT THE TIME.
clxix
Kidneys.—Right weighs l lb. 2 ozs. Left weighs lib. 2 1/2 ozs. The capsules strip
easily, there are no extravasations or ecchymoses visible on the external aspect or on
section.
The Intestines externally are free from any change and on section the mucous mem-
branes appear healthy. There are no parasites present.
The points of interest in this case are:—
(i). The successful transmission of the disease by subcutaneous injection of 'lcc.
of blood containing swarms of hæmatozoa at the time of inoculation.
(ii). Incubation.—The period which elapsed between the subcutaneous inoculation
of the blood and the first appearance of the hæmatozoon in the blood—was seven days.
(iii). The time which elapsed between the inoculation and death was thirty- six
days.
(iv). The very slight pathological lesions found at the Post-mortem examination.
APPENDIX V.
EXPERIMENTAL CASES.
SUBCUTANEOUS INOCULATION WITH POST-MORTEM BLOOD.
HORSES Nos. XVIII, XIX, XXVII, XXIII, XI, XXXII, VII.
B 1086—44 ap
clxxxi
27th.—This morning the swelling on the right side is smaller in size and the tension is
considerably reduced. Temp. A.M. 37.5°C. The hæmatozoa are numerous in the blood.
Temp. P.M. 37.l°C.
28th.—Condition unchanged. Temp. A.M. 35.7°C. P.M. 35.1°C. Hæmatozoa swarm-
ing in the blood.
29th.—The animal became weaker during the night and death took place somewhat
suddenly in the early morning.
AUTOPSY at 9 A.M. The body is somewhat emaciated, but there is no swelling or
oedema of the extremities or under-surface of the abdomen.
Thorax.—There is no fluid in the pleural cavities, or adhesions of the parietal and
visceral pleuræ.
The lungs are dotted over with circumscribed, small extravasations of blood, which are
found to be lying under the visceral pleurae. On section, the tissues present a healthy appear-
ance.
Heart (weighs 5 lbs. 10 ozs).—There are a few drachms of an orange-coloured fluid in
the pericardial sac, but no petechiæ on the external surface of the organ. On section, there
are a few extravasations in the ventricles lying under the endocardial lining ; auricles,
healthy.
Liver weighs 12 lbs. 7 ozs.—The convex surface of the organs shows old symptoms of
perihepatitis and is dotted over with small yellow bodies which on section are also found to
pervade the tissues.
Spleen weighs 6 lbs. 4 ozs.—Is large and the capsule is dotted over with small irregular-
shaped ecchymoses. On section the tissue is firm and healthy.
Kidneys.—The right weighs 1 lb. 8 ozs. the left 1 lb. 9 ozs. The organs are pale in
colour. There are no petechias on the surface and the capsules strip easily and on section
appear healthy though pale.
Stomach presents a healthy appearance on section.
Small intestines.—Present a few petechiæ dotted over the surface of the mucous mem-
brane. There is no ulceration and Peyer's patches are healthy. Large intestines are
healthy.
The chief points of interest in this case are :—
(i). That the disease can be commuuicated to an animal by inoculation of blood which
has remained in the cavities of the heart for sixteen hours after death.
(ii). The course of the pathological changes which succeeded the subcutaneous inocula¬
tion of blood from the right and left ventricles in different situations of the same animal. In
the one instance septic organisms must have been present and injected with the blood from
the left ventricle, whilst aseptic blood was injected from the right.
(iii). The prolonged period of incubation, viz.:—Eleven"days, which must have been due
to the presence of immature forms of the hæmatozoon only in the injected blood.
(iv). The very low body temperature which persisted during the whole course of the
case, the highest degree registered being only 38.3°C.
(v). The rapidly fatal termination, which occurred almost immediately after the
appearance of the hæmatozoa in the blood.
B 1086—46 ap
clxxxi
27th.—This morning the swelling on the right side is smaller in size and the tension is
considerably reduced. Temp. A.M. 37.5
. The hæmatozoa are numerous in the blood.
Temp. P.M. 37.lºC.
28th.—Condition unchanged. Temp. A.M. 85.7ºC. P.M. 35.lºC. Hæmatozoa swarm-
ing in the blood.
29 th.—The animal became weaker during the night and death took place somewhat
suddenly in the early morning.
AUTOPSY at 9 A.M. The body is somewhat emaciated, but there is no swelling or
oedema of the extremities or under-surface of the abdomen.
Thorax.—There is no fluid in the pleural cavities, or adhesions of the parietal and
visceral pleurae.
The lungs are dotted over with circumscribed, small extravasations of blood, which are
found to be lying under the visceral pleurae. On section, the tissues present a healthy appear-
ance.
Heart (weighs 5 lbs. 10 ozs).—There are a few drachms of an orange-coloured fluid in
the pericardial sac, but no petechiæ on the external surface of the organ. On section, there
are a few extravasations in the ventricles lying under the endocardial lining; auricles,
healthy.
Liver weighs 12 lbs. 7 ozs.—The convex surface of the organs shows old symptoms of
perihepatitis and is dotted over with small yellow bodies which on section are also found to
pervade the tissues.
Spleen weighs 6 lbs. 4 ozs.—Is large and the capsule is dotted over with small irregular-
shaped ecchymoses. On section the tissue is firm and healthy.
Kidneys.—The right weighs 1 lb. 8 ozs. the left 1 lb. 9 ozs. The organs are pale in
colour. There are no petechiæ on the surface and the capsules strip easily and on section
appear healthy though pale.
Stomach presents a healthy appearance on section.
Small intestines.—Present a few petechias dotted over the surface of the mucous mem-
brane. There is no ulceration and Peyer's patches are healthy. Large intestines are
healthy.
The chief points of interest in this case are :—
(i). That the disease can be communicated to an animal by inoculation of blood which
has remained in the cavities of the heart for sixteen hours after death.
(ii). The course of the pathological changes which succeeded the subcutaneous inocula-
tion of blood from the right and left ventricles in different situations of the same animal. In
the one instance septic organisms must have been present and injected with the blood from
the left ventricle, whilst aseptic blood was injected from the right.
(iii). The prolonged period of incubation, viz.:—Eleven"days, which must have been due
to the presence of immature forms of the hæmatozoon only in the injected blood.
(iv). The very low body temperature which persisted during the whole course of the
case, the highest degree registered being only 38.3ºC.
(v). The rapidly fatal termination, which occurred almost immediately after the
appearance of the hæmatozoa in the blood.
B 1086—46 ap
clxxxv
23rd.—Temp. A.M. 39.1°C., P.M. 39.3°C. No hæmatozoa observed in the blood.
24th.—Temp. A.M. 39.1°C., P.M. 39.4°C. Hæmatozoa numerous in the blood.
25th.—Temp. A.M. 37.8°C., P.M. 36.3°C. Hæmatozoa numerous in the blood. Death
took place at 8 P.M.
AUTOPSY at 9.30 A.M., February 26th, 1891.
The body is considerably emaciated, especially the glutei muscles. There is some
blood-stained fluid, about a pint, in the right pleural cavity.
Lungs quite free, no adhesions of the parietal and visceral pleurae. Superior surface
of the right lung is somewhat dark in colour and is dotted over with petechiæ about twenty
in number and varying from ⅛th to ⅓rd of an inch in diameter. The apes presents well
marked emphysema. Posteriorly there are a few small, hard nodules, which on section are
found to be either caseous or calcareous. On section the lung is somewhat yellowish in
colour and on pressure mucus exudes from the cut surfaces.
Left lung presents a similar condition but fewer nodules and ecchymoses.
Liver, small, very slight old perihepatitis on the convex surface of the right lobe.
There are no calcareous nodules.
Spleen.—There are a few petechiæ on the surface lying under the capsule.
Kidneys.—The capsules strip easily, the stellate veins are injected. On section, there
is a certain amount of orange material present, in some of the pyramidal tubes.
Stomach.—There are a few small isolated patches on the mucous membrane of the
greater curvature, slightly red in colour, but there is no sign of ulceration. A nodule, the
size of a walnut, is seen lying free in the great omentum.
Heart.—The heart is large, the right auricle and ventricle are collapsed. There are
a few small irregular shaped extravasations lying under the visceral pericardium. The wall
of the right ventricle is somewhat hypertrophied and the cavity dilated. Left ventricle
contracted, its walls are 2½" in thickness at the widest part. Lying beneath the endocardium
there are numerous and extensive extravasations of blood, as seen in some previous cases; the
musculi-papillares are most involved. The valves are healthy.
The chief points of interest in the case are :—
(i). That the blood used for the inoculation of the animal had been left in the heart of
the dead animal for 10½ hours before it was injected.
(ii). The lengthy period of incubation of the disease, viz., 11 days. The length of time
taken in this case can no doubt be accounted for by the death of hæmatozoon
before inoculation so that the immature or resting form, whatever it may be,
in this case had to mature and reproduce the disease.
(in). The phenomenal and rapid rise of the temperature on the 15th day of the disease,
attaining its highest point on the morning of the 16th, without any great increase
in the number of hæmatozoa in the blood.
(iv). The irregularity of the temperature and the number of hæmatozoa in the blood
throughout the course of this case ; the height of the temperature and the number
of hæmatozoa present in the blood, bore, as far as one can see, no ratio or direct
relation, the one to the other.
B 1086—47 ap