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and sixteenth days, 165 grains (11.0 grammes) were given, the hæmatzoon being few in
number in the blood, but on the seventeenth they again became numerous, and the temper-
ature registered 38°C., the animal receiving on this occasion 160 grains (10.66 grammes).
Cm the morning of the eighteenth day, the temperature was 40.l o C. and the hæmatozoon was
absent, but by 5 P.M. the thermometer registered 41.8°C. ; during the day the animal
received Potass. Bichromate 190 grains (12.66 grammes). On the morning of the
nineteenth day, the temperature had fallen to 39.5°C. and the organisms were absent from
the blood. Again during the night the temperature fell and next morning registered only
37.8°C., but the hæmatozoon was again present. From the morning of the 20th until the
evening of the 24th day of the disease, very large doses of the drug were administered,
viz. an average of one hundred and fifty grains (10 grammes) twice a day, or 1,500 grains
(100 grammes) in all. The drug was discontinued on account of the ejection by the
animal of some blood-stained mucus on coughing, the first symptom observed during the
exhibiting of the Bichromate, or of anything referable to its action. The appetite of the
animal was good during the whole period of treatment, but as on the nineteenth day of
the disease the animal refused to take any water to drink, the treatment was omitted for
twenty-four hours.
It will be noted that doses of five, seven and a half, and eleven grains injected into
the general circulation failed to produce any appreciable symptoms, with the exception of
a localized oedema at the seat of inoculation. Further it is a point of great clinical im-
portance, that after a course of large doses of the drug, which attained a maximum of 360
grains (24.0 grammes) in the twenty-four hours, and amounted to nineteen hundred grains
(126.6 grammes.) in all, the animal should have maintained fairly good health, and the
hæmatozoon should have still continued to be numerous in the blood.
Mixed Cinchona Alkaloids.—This preparation is made from the red Cinchona
bark, grown at the Government plantations, Darjeeling, and contains all the
febrifugal alkaloids of the Cinchona Succirubra, in the relative proportion in
which they naturally exist in the bark.
Its efficiency in the treatment of fever has been carefully tested by a number
of experienced medical officers.
The reports received clearly show that it
possesses, to very nearly the same extent, the antiperiodic properties of quinine,
and may be safely substituted for the latter in the treatment of ordinary fever
and ague.
Arsenic.—" Arsenic is a powerful antiperiodic, nearly rivalling quinine.
Repeated full doses act as a protoplasmic poison. It paralyses first the nerv-
ous centres, then the nerves, and lastly the muscles. Motor are believed to
suffer before sensory and reflex functions. The heart is early and directly
affected, the blood pressure is diminished, the activity of the respiratory centre
is lowered, and oxygenation is impaired.
" Arsenic is excreted by the kidneys chiefly, also stomach, liver and intestines.
It is said to arrest the formation of Glycogen " (S. Ringer).
" The curative effects seldom occur until physiological action is established."
" Arsenic destroys the germs of yeast, and kills some micrococci."
Koch found experimentally that spores were destroyed, and their germina-
tion prevented, by exposure for ten days to a one per cent. (1%) solution of
Arsenic in water.
Case No. LXV.—It was decided to attempt curative treatment although it was recognized
Cinchona Alkaloids and Arsenic. that the animal had already been Suffering from the disease
tor a period or at least twenty-three days. It was thought
advisable to commence the treatment when the number of hæmatozoa in the blood should
be on the decline, and accprdingly on the 14th June, the hæmatozoa being few, treatment
with Cinchona Alkaloids and Arsenic in large doses was commenced. On the 20th the
hæmatozoa disappeared from the blood, but the temperature and respirations remained
above normal. The general symptoms of Surra increased up to the 24th, oedema and swell-
ing of the limbs, sheath, and under the abdomen increased in extent, the animal steadily
losing condition, the muscles wasting and the gait staggering and uncertain. On the 25th
the animal had decidedly improved, and it was noticed that the oedema of the sheath and
abdomen was distinctly less in amount ; the animal seemed brighter and moved freely about
the loose box. This amelioration of the symptoms was gradually progressive, and on the
2nd July the oedema under the belly had completely disappeared, whilst that on the legs
was scarcely perceptible, and had on the 4th completely disappeared. On the 3rd July,
however, the temperature began to rise steadily, and it continued high until the 9th, not-
withstanding the fact that no hæmatozoa were present in the blood. During this time the
animal presented symptoms, which might be accounted for by the continued high tempera-
ture, although on the 6th, symptoms of kidney disorder presented themselves, followed by
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