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CASE No. 7. BAY, COUNTRY-BRED HORSE, old and somewhat emaciated, but healthy.
17 th November 1890.—Temp. A.M. 36.2°C.
18th.— Temp. A.M. 36.2°C. Inoculated at 10.30 A.M. on the left side of the face with
3 c.c. of blood from the Jugular Vein of horse No. IV. The blood at the time
of inoculation was swarming with hæmatozoa. Temp. P.M. 38°C.
19th.—Temp. A.M. 37.5°C. P.M. 37.7°C.
20th.—Temp. A.M. 37.8°C. P.M. 39.2°C.
21st — Temp. A.M. 37.8°C. P.M. 39.3°C. No hæmatozoa observed in the blood.
22nd.—Temp. A.M. 37.8°C. P.M. 39.6°C. Hæmatozoa f ew in the blood for the first time
this morning. There is a discharge, yellow in colour, exuding from several
points on the near hind leg.
23rd.— Temp. A.M. 38.2°C. P.M. 39.3°C. Hætnatozoa very numerous in the blood.
24th.—Temp. A.M. 36.8°C. P.M. 37.2°C. Hæmatozoa very numerous and active in the
blood. Horse fell last night and was unable to rise. He has now been placed
in slings.
25th.—Death at 3 A.M.
A UTOPSY at 9 A.M.
The body was emaciated. There is a very extensive yellow exudation lying under the
surface of the skin of the abdomen, sheath and scrotum.
Both pleural cavities contain a small quantity of an amber-colored fluid.
Might lung.—There is a small circumscribed patch of pneumonia involving the apex
and another patch, the size of a walnut lying superficially on the posterior lobe. There is
considerable thickening of the pleura caused by the infiltration of a yellow fluid into its
meshes on the anterior portion of the organ. On the superior surface of the posterior lobe
near the middle there is a patch of extravasated blood lying under the visceral pleura. This
patch is made up of 3 or 4 circumscribed extravasations about 1/3 rd of an inch in diameter
aggregated together.
Left lung.—Deeply congested and very œdematous throughout its whole structure, but
there are no extravasations on the pleura as was the case in the right lung.
Heart.—Pericardial fluid somewhat increased in amount. Heart normal in size. At
the base there is the same jelly-like material as was observed under the abdominal muscles.
The right auricle contains some clots. The right ventricle also contains clots. There are
no sub-endocarclial extravasations of blood. The valves are healthy. The left auricle con-
tains a few small clots but there are no ecchymoses on its walls. The cavity of the left ven-
tricle is exceedingly contracted, containing only some small blood clots, but the walls are
considerably hypertrophied, measuring 2½ inches in thickness.
Stomach.—Slightly contracted and contains a small quantity of semi-fluid ingesta.
Externally there are no changes observable. On section the cuticular portion presents a
pale appearance. At the line of demarcation between this portion and the villous portion,
the cuticular coat abruptly terminates in a scolloped border, the free edge of which is finely
crenated. This free edge is of a bright yellow colour, forming a narrow line, 1/12" in diameter
but here and there becoming wider and forming yellow patches on the cuticular coat.
The villous portion.— This, for the purpose of description, may be divided into two por-
tions ; first the cardiac portion of the organ and secondly the pyloric. The cardiac division
commencing abruptly at the free edge of the cuticular coat presents a dark reddish-purple
colour and here the mucous membrane lining it has been denuded ; in the other parts the
mucous coat hangs in shreds presenting an opalescent membrane through which the darker
colour beneath is seen, but to a modified extent.
The pyloric portion.—The mucous membrane of this portion is intact but considerably
thickened and presents circumscribed patches of a bright red colour and granular in appear-
ance. The summits of the rugæ nearest to the central portion of the stomach are of a
deep red colour but the colour of them gradually fades as they approach the pylorus.
The Liver is normal in size but somewhat dark in colour. There are signs of old
peri-hepatitis over a small portion of the convex surface.
Spleen.— Normal in size and consistency, but on section very dark in colour.
Kidneys.—No naked eye changes discernible.
Bladder.—Normal except some congestion at the neck of the organ. In the œdema-
tous fluid from the penis a few hæmatozoa were seen, but they were dead.
Remarks.—This was an old horse, in bad condition, inoculated to keep up the supply of
material.
The only point of interest in this case is that the animal being old and debilitated
rapidly succumbed to the disease.
Transmission of the disease by subcutaneous injection of 3 c.c. of blood containing
swarms of hærnatozoa at the time of inoculation.
The incubation-period extended over a period of four days.
The period which elapsed between the inoculation of the animal and its death, was
seven days.