cxcix
¼th inch in diameter and are raised from 1/12th to ⅛th of an inch above the surrounding tissue
of the organ. On section, the tissues are firm and look healthy.
Kidneys.—The right weighs 1 lb. 2½ ozs., the left 1 lb. 8 ozs. The capsules strip easily
and reveal extremely pale tissues beneath, but there are no extravasations of blood upon the
cortical portion of the organs. On section, the tissues are pale in appearance, but otherwise
normal to the naked eye.
Stomach.—External surface normal. On section, it contains some semi-digested food.
The cuticular and villous portions are healthy.
Small Intestines present a few small ecchymosed patches lying dotted here and there
on the surface of the mucous membrane, but there is no ulceration, and contain no
parasites.
Large Intestine.—Healthy in appearance.
Bladder contains a considerable quantity of fluid, but on section there are no ex
travasations into or lying beneath the mucous membrane.
Remarks.—This animal was in very good condition, and was kept under observation
from the 23rd to the 26th of August, during which time it was apparently healthy. On the
26th it was inoculated with lc.c. of blood from Horse No. XL, the blood being taken
from the heart nine and a half hours after death. From this date until the 4th, with the
exception of very slight suppuration at the seat of inoculation and a rise of temperature on
the morning of the 3rd September, no signs of disease were noted, but on the morning
of the 4th the blood contained very numerous hæmatozoa. On the 7th there were no
orgauisms and the temperature had fallen, but on the 8 th they were again very numerous
and the morning temperature had risen to 41.4°C. On the 9th the temperature had fallen
but there were no hæmiatozoa in the blood. From the date of the first appearance of the
hæmatozoa, ecchymoses appeared on the conjunctivæ and the animal had been gradually,
losing flesh. From the 9th to the 12th there were no hæmatozoa in the blood, but on the
12th there wore a few, and on the 13th became swarming. During the period in which the
organisms were absent from the blood the temperature fell to normal, and as the
organisms increased in the blood the temperature rose. From the 14th to the 17th the
organisms were again absent and the temperature normal, but on the 17th the organisms
were few and on the I8th very numerous, and on this latter date the temperature rose to
42°C. On the morning of the 19th they were again absent and the temperature had fallen
to normal, but during the early morning of the 22nd a few organisms were detected in the
blood, and during the day the temperature having risen very considerably, another examina
tion of the blood was made and the organisms found to be very numerous. On the 23rd
the organisms were few, and remained so until the 28th. On the 29th the organisms were
absent from the blood and the temperature fell to normal on the 1st October the organisms
were very numerous, but the temperature did not rise very high, and fell to normal at
night. On the 2nd the organisms were swarming and the temperature rose considerably.
On the 3rd, swarming and temperature still high ; on the 4th very numerous, the mid-day
temperature being higher than that on the previous two days. On the 5th, 6th and 7th the
organisms were absent, and the temperature normal. On the 8th, organisms few, temperature
slightly raised; on the 9th, very numerous, temperature high (41.2°C), and on the 10th the
organisms were swarming and remained in this condition until the evening of the 16th, but
the temperature oscillated between 40.6°C. and 38°C. and rose to 40.2°C. at the time of
death.
During the progress of this case the usual symptoms of Surra appeared and were pro
gressive until death, the animal becoming gradually weaker, the limbs, sheath and abdomen
swollen and œdematnus; ecchymoses appearing on the conjunctivas, and the membranes
bein tinned yellow. The appetite, however, remained fairly good throughout. On 25th
September symptoms of kidney disease were noticed and ousts were found in the urine ;
these continued in greater or less numbers up to the time of death.
Up to the 9th of October the urine remained alkaline, on the following day it was
neutral, on the 11th slightly acid, on the 12th acid, and from the 13th until death strongly
acid.
The chief points of interest in thi3 case are :—
(i). The blood was not inoculated until it was nine and a half hours old, thus proving
that it remains virulent for this length of time when contained in the vessels of
the animals,
(ii). The peculiar relapses which occurred during the course of the disease, and the
absence of any regularity in the relapses.
(iii). That symtoms of kidney disease developed, during the course of the malady.
(iv). The fact that the urine remained alkaline until the seventh day previous to death,
when it became respectively neutral, acid, and lastly strongly acid.
(v). The extensive pathological changes observed in the heart at the Post-mortem,
and the complete absence of lesions in the stomach, and parasites from the intes
tinal canal.