112
be in perfect health, and in splendid condition." On this day the hæmatozoon
was absent from the blood, while for the next two days it was swarming ; specific
treatment was deferred, a simple febrifuge draught being given to try and reduce
the temperature. On the evening of 12th October the organism was only present
in small numbers in the blood, and the temperature had decreased considerably; as
had also the pulse. It was decided to again attempt the destruction of the hæmatozoon by
the exhibition of Cinchona Alkaloids and Arsenic, commencing in this instance with large
doses (viz. Alkaloid drs. iij and Arsenic grains iv bis die). The reason why large doses of the
former were exhibited was that few hæmatozoa remained in the blood, and in order to decide
whether their destruction could be compassed by the drug, the dose was so regulated as to
insure its having a fair trial. No marked change took place in the animal's condition, nor
in the number of the organisms present, until the 16th instant, when the hæmatozoa became
numerous, the temperature rose considerably, respirations were increased in number, and it
was noticed that the sheath was swollen ; the treatment was continued, the dose of Arsenic
having been gradually raised to six grains. On the 17th the organism had again fallen to
few, but the temperature and pulse were still above normal. On this date it was decided to
try the effect of full doses of Quinine, as this drug has been said to be of much value when
exhibited in this manner. Ranking has stated that " by the employment of full doses of
Quinine and Arsenic, he has been able to cure the disease. It appeared from our previous
experiments on the use of similar drugs, that it would be futile to attempt the destruction
of the hæmatozoon by giving only the full medicinal dose, and we considered it to be advisable
therefore to commence with a dose of drs. iv of Quinine, and Arsenic grains xii in the 24 hours,
carefully watching its effects, and in case of any untoward symptom appearing, to discontinue
its use.
At noon on this date therefore drs. iv of Quinine were given, and the horse carefully watched
during the day. With the exception of slight dulness no marked symptom followed its use.
On the 18th some improvement had taken place, the hæmatozoon was absent from the blood,
the temperature had fallen somewhat, as had also the respirations and pulse ; five drachms
of Quinine alone were given on that day, and no marked symptoms were produced with the
exception of an increase in the number of the respirations, which soon passed off. On the
19th contrary to our expectation the hæmatozoon again appeared in the blood in small numbers,
but there was no very marked change in the animal's condition. Quinæ Sulph. increased
to drs. vi caused no marked disturbance. On the 20th the animal was bright, but the disease
was progressing as witnessed by oedema appearing under the abdomen ; the same quantity of
Quinine and Arsenic were administered as on the 19th. On the 21st petechiæ had appeared
on the conjunctival membranes, but otherwise there was little change ; medicine continued
as before. On the 22nd no change was noticed ; the medicine was again repeated. On the
following day the animal presented a dull appearance, but not markedly so. Quinine and
Arsenic in large doses have apparently produced no amelioration of the animal's condition, nor
the slightest effect upon the vitality of the hæmatozoon, which is as active and numerous as
before, and it was hence resolved to abandon the experiment, and to return to the use of
Cinchona Alkaloids and Arsenic ; six drachms of the Alkaloids and twelve grains of Arsenic
were given. On the 24th the hæmatozoon had disappeared from the blood, but the disease
was progressing ; on this day the Arsenic was increased to fourteen grains, On the 25th
disease was still progressing, the animal being exceedingly dull, and the oedema increasing,
From this date until the morning of the 30th, the medicine consisted of Alkaloids drs. vi, and
Arsenic grains xvi per diem, and a gradual improvement in the patient's condition was noted,
the oedema on the under-surface of the belly decreasing in amount, and the animal pre-
senting a bright appearance, while the temperature kept slightly above the normal range. On
the morning of the 30th the animal was very dull, and the visible mucous membranes were
injected, but the oedema was reduced in amount, From the evening of this date the dose of
Arsenic was decreased to ten grains during the day. On the morning of the 31st the tempe-
rature and the pulse were normal, and remained so throughout the day, but there was no further
change. From this date until November 7th, the medicine was given twice daily in the same
doses, and improvement in the animal's condition was progressive, so much so that on the 5th
and subsequent days the animal appeared to be in perfect health, and it would have been
impossible for any one to discover that he was the subject of " Surra". On the morning of
the 7th, however, the patient was noticed to be dull, and the temperature at midday was slightly
above normal ; so the treatment was continued. On the 8th the only change noticed in the
morning was the appearance of two petechiæ on the membrana nictitans; the temperature
still remaining slightly above normal, and the respirations increased in number. On the
9th animal was dull, the temperature rose steadily throughout the day to 40.3°C, but beyond
this there was no apparent change ; on the evening of this day the dose of Cinchona Alka-
loids was reduced to two and a half drachms, and that of the Arsenic increased to six grains.
On the 10th there was little change excepting that the temperature had fallen to 39.3°C.
and the respirations to normal ; the medicine was continued. On the 11th the condition
remained absolutely unchanged. On l-2th there was slight improvement, the animal being
brighter; treatment discontinued in the evening. On the 13th the animal was somewhat
dull, the temperature at midday fell to normal, and only rose slightly in the evening. Medi¬
cine was omitted in the morning, and Cinchona Alkaloids two drachms, and Arsenic four
grains were given in the evening. On the 14th serious symptoms were noticed, the animal.