NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
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and a bungalow for the Superintendent. In 1917 the School was affiliated
to the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Bombay. A Committee was
set up in 1936 with the Surgeon General as Chairman and Sir Mangaldas
Mehta as an additional member to find ways and means for improvement
in teaching, etc. The Committee drew up a scheme for the guidance of the
heads of the schools. This scheme was approved by Government in 1936,
and the School has undergone many changes.
The preliminary education standard required for admission has been
raised from the current year (1936-37) to Intermediate Science, B group.
Prior to this Matriculation was the minimum qualification required. The
number of applications received in 1935, 1936 and 1937 was 302, 292 and
72 with 9, 28 and 42 respectively having I.Sc. qualifications. Of the total
vacancies 25 per cent. are reserved for women students and 25 per cent.
for students from the backward classes. To pass the examination a student
must obtain, in aggregate, at least 40 per cent. of the total marks, the pass
marks for each subject being 30 per cent. Unsuccessful candidates are
allowed 2, 3 and 5 attempts at the 1st, 2nd and final L.C.P.S. examina
-tions respectively.
On an average 25 students work at a time in a practical class of Chemis
-try, Physics, Biology, Physiology and Materia Medica and 12 in a practical
class of Bacteriology and Pathology.
Students have their own Library and Reading Room where they play in
-door games as well.
MIRAJ CHRISTIAN MEDICAL SCHOOL, MIRAJ, (BOMBAY).
The Miraj Christian Medical School is a non-Government institution and
was started in 1900 by late Sir William Wanless with a class of 3 students
with the object of training men for Hospital Assistants to work in the
Miraj Mission Hospital which was founded by him in 1892. He with his
colleagues gave a three years' course to these students. With the co-opera-
tion of other Mission Hospitals 12 students were admitted to a new class
three years later. This class was given a 4 years' course and since then a
single class was taught under that system till 1915. The School is now
maintaining only two classes simultaneously admitting students once in
two years. In 1918 the School was affiliated to the College of Physicians
and Surgeons, Bombay, and in 1919 for the first time it sent its students
for the Final L.C.P. S. examination of Bombay. All non-matriculates had
to take up then an entrance examination at the B. J. Medical School,
Poona, before they were admitted. The last three classes have been given
a 5 years' course of study.
The preliminary education standard now required for admission to the
School is Matricülation. At the time of selection for admission preference
is given to students supported by the various Missions, Native States and
private Institutions.
The number of applications received in 1936 was 62 out of which 15
were from candidates with I Sc. qualification. There no admissions
in 1935 and 1937.
104
Only two chances are given for students appearing for the First and
Second Professional Examinations and a third chance is given, though
rarely, to those who fail in one or two subjects but pass with credit in others.
On an average 20 students work at a time in a practical class.
Besides the School Library which contains medical books and journals,
students run their own Reading Room and conduct all indoor and outdoor
games such as tennis, football, cricket, base ball, ping pong etc.
During 1936-37 a member of the staff published papers on (i) Causition,
Pathology and Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer and its Complica and (ii)
Transplantation of the Ureters, in the Christian Medical Journal of India.
THE NATIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE, BOMBAY.
It is a non-Government institution and was founded in 1921, by a few
zealous workers engaged in the medical and scientific professions, amongst
whom the name of Dr. D. D. Sathaye deserves special mention. The object
was to diffuse amongst the youths of the country knowledge about the
progressive western medical science and also to preserve and popularise the
best in the Ayurvedic and Unani systems. The College was affiliated to
the "Tilak Maharashtra Vidya Peeth". In 1924 the Ayurvedic and Unani
departments were abolished and the Institute was affiliated to the College
of Physicians and Surgeons, Bombay. The management of the Institution
is vested in a council called the College Council. In 1925, the late Dr. A. L.
Nair, the well known philanthropist of Bombay, built and equipped a chari-
table hospital in memory of his mother, Bai Yamunabai L. Nair, and
handed over the same to the Council of Management of the College to be
used as a training ground for its students. The College was accommodated
in a rented house up to 1927, when the College building was completed and
opened by H. E. Sir Leslie Wilson, the then Governor of Bombay. This
institute is dependent for its funds on public support and is a unique
example of voluntary effort and co-operative spirit on the part of many
eminent medical men of the city. This feature of the Institute was highly
commended in his speech by H. E. Sir Leslie Wilson.
The minimum education standard required for admission to the College
is I. Sc. from June 1937, before which matriculates of a recognised Univer-
sity were eligible for admission. Students are admitted according to merit
and not on communal basis. About 10 seats are reserved for women
students.
The number of applications received during 1935, 1936 and 1937 was
3 5 3 , 3 4 6 a n d 1 9 6 r e s p e c t i v e l y . O u t o f t h e s e 4 , 4 6 a n d 1 2 1 a p p l i c a n t s i n
1935, 1936 and 1937 respectively were of the Intermediate Science
standard.
No special rules exist for the failed candidates but they are governed
by the rules and regulations laid down by the College of Physicians and
Surgeons of Bombay.
The number of students working at a time in a practical class, on an
average, is 25 to 30.
105
There is a students' Gymkhana in which the students are given facilities
for participating in all indoor and outdoor games. A Reading Room also
exists for the students, where medical books and periodicals and daily and
weekly newspapers are provided.
CAMPBELL MEDICAL SCHOOL, CALCUTTA, (BENGAL).
It is a Government institution.
In the earlier part of the 19th Century in Bengal two systems of medi
-cine viz ., Ayurvedic and Unani were practised, systems which were un
-developed and run mostly on speculative lines. With the increasing demand
for Indian doctors it was deemed necessary to establish a central institu-
tion for a more uniform and better system of education in medical science
and with the approval of the Government of India a school was opened in
October 1822 in two sections—one Ayurvedic and the other Unani. On
the opening of the Calcutta Medical College in 1835, the Ayurvedic and
Unani systems of instruction were abolished and the School classes were
held side by side with the classes for the College course. Later, when the
Vernacular Schools were opened up-country in Agra and Lahore, the Verna-
cular classes in the College were abolished, but in 1852 they were again
started owing to the increasing demand for this class of medical men. In
1873, for lack of accommodation at the College, the classes were transfer
-red to the Campbell Hospital and a school named Campbell Medical
School after the then Lt.-Governor Sir George Campbell was opened, the
course of study in the first instance being limited to 3 years. In 1895 the
period was extended to 4 years which still continues. The examinations
were controlled by the Inspector General of Civil Hospitals, assisted by a
Committee of Examiners selected by him. With the constitution of the
State Medical Faculty in 1914 all control in connection with the examina
-tions was transferred to that body.
Matriculation or an equivalent examination is the minimum qualification
required for admission to the School. Selection for admission is made by
a committee appointed by Government, admissions being ordinarily restrict
-ed to the natives of the Presidency and Rajshahi Divisions, Bengal. 25
per cent. of the total vacancies are reserved for Mohammedans and 2 seats
each for the Government of Assam and the State of Sikkim.
The number of applications received in 1935, 1936 and 1937 was 442,
403 and 366 respectively. 57, 56 and 42 candidates with I.Sc. qualifica-
tions applied in 1935, 1936 and 1937 respectively.
A first year student who fails at the School test examination is removed
from the rolls, but 2nd, 3rd and 4th year failed students continue to sit
for subsequent examinations every sixth month till the 4th failure, after
which their names are removed except in the case of fourth year students
who can be retained in the School until they pass.
The maximum number of students working at a time in a practical class
is 27, the average number being 20.
Arrangements exist for the training of compounders. The course of
instruction runs to 12 months and on its completion an examination is
106
held. Those who pass the examination are then required to undergo a
further year of training as an apprentice in the Dispensary attached to the
hospital or that of a recognised Chemist or Druggist. They are then eligible
to sit for the Compounders' Certificate examination held by the State
Medical Faculty of Bengal.
A course of instruction in First Aid to the injured is given annually to
the second year Licentiates and Compounder students by a Demonstrator
of Anatomy specially detailed for the purpose.
Football, cricket, tennis and hockey are played under the auspices of
the Students' Athletic Club.
During 1936-37 articles on (1) A few facts regarding Cerebro-spinal
fever as seen amongst the patients of the Campbell Hospital and (ii)
Cholera—with special reference to the cases as seen amongst the patients
of the Cholera Ward of the Campbell Hospital, Calcutta, were published
by a member of the staff, in the "Antiseptic" Madras.
DACCA MEDICAL SCHOOL, DACCA (BENGAL)
It is a Government institution, opened in 1875 with 160 students. The
minimum qualification for admission at that time was Vernacular Middle
Examination pass certificate and the diploma conferred on successful can-
didates was V.L.M.S., the duration of the course being 3 years. In 1895-96
the period of study was extended to 4 years and the minimum qualification
for admission was raised to English Middle Examination pass certificate.
This was raised again in 1905–06 to Matriculation pass certificate. From
1895–96 onwards the successful candidates were awarded the L.M.P., while
since 1916, when the control of the examination was transferred to the
Bengal State Medical Faculty, they are granted the L.M.F.
The number of students on the roll at present is 467 and the minimum
qualification for admission is the Matriculation certificate of the Calcutta
University or its accepted equivalent. The number of applicants during
1935, 1936 and 1937 was 178, 213 and 171 respectively of which 21, 20 and
20 respectively were of the Intermediate Science standard. Candidates
are selected according to their educational qualifications by a committee
appointed by Government. No seats are reserved for women students or
for students from other provinces. 25 per cent. of the total number of
vacancies are reserved for Mohammedan candidates and 10 per cent. for
candidates with special claims, e.g. , candidates from scheduled classes.
Students who fail at the school test have to attend a further course be-
fore being eligible for appearing at a subsequent examination. The same is
the case with those who fail at the State Medical Faculty Examination.
The number of students working at a time in a practical class is 25.
Arrangements exist for the training of compounders and dressers.
There is a students' athletic club managed by the students themselves.
under the supervision of the Secretary who is a member of the staff. There
is also a library room where the students are given adequate facilities to
utilise the library books on depositing Rs. 10 as caution money.
107
A paper on 'a case of Rhino-Meningorrhea' was published in 1936.
THE LYTTON MEDICAL SCHOOL, MYMENSINGH, (BENGAL).
It is a Government institution. In 1920 it was resolved at a public
meeting to submit a representation to the Government asking for the
establishment of a medical school. A committee was formed known as the
"Medical School Foundation Committee" who submitted a memorial to
the Government and decided in consultation with the Surgeon General with
the Government of Bengal to locate the school at Mymensingh. In 1921
the Government of Bengal approved the scheme at an estimated cost of.
Rs. 5,10,000. The local District Board agreed to contribute Rs. 58,882.
towards the initial cost of the scheme. Some help was also received from
the King Edward Memorial Fund, but on account of financial stringency,
the Government of Bengal could not contribute their full quota, with the
result that the scheme for the construction of hostels and teachers'.
quarters had to be postponed. The School opened in July 1924. It. has
accommodation for 200 students.
The minimum qualification required for admission to the School is the
Matriculation certificate. Candidates seeking admission are required to
appear before a selection committee appointed for the purpose. As far as
possible selection is made on a territorial basis, 25 per cent. of the total
number of vacancies being reserved for Mohammedans. Women and mili-
tary medical pupils are not admitted to this School. Students from other
provinces are admitted if seats are available. The number of applicants in
1935, 1936 and 1937 was 49, 76 and 84 respectively of which 6, 5 and 4
respectively were those who had passed the Intermediate Science examina-
tion.. If a first year student fails in the February test, his name is struck
off, but the 2nd and 3rd year students are allowed four chances to pass the
examination. There is no such restriction in the case of the 4th year
students.
The number of students working at a time in a practical class does not.
exceed 15 in Physiology, Pathology and Materia Medica, 16 in Anatomy
demonstrations and 125 in Anatomy dissections.
The School maintains a class for compounders in which 25 students are
trained annually. There is the Lytton Medical School Society with athletic,
social, dramatic and literary sections. The Superintendent is its president.
There is one common room for students and books and journals are distri-
buted to students for reading.
RONALDSHAY MEDICAL SCHOOL, BURDWAN, (BENGAL).
It is a Government institution. The foundation stone was laid in 1920
by His Excellency Lord Ronaldshay, the then Governor of Bengal, and the
school was opened on the 16th January, 1922. The hostel buildings are a
free gift made by the Maharajadhiraj Bahadur of Burdwan.
The preliminary education standard required for admission is Matricu-
lation or an equivalent examination of a recognised University. Admission
108
is made on the merits of candidates and on a territorial basis by a selection
committee appointed by Government. 25 per cent. of the total vacancies
are reserved for Mohammedans and 15 per cent. for depressed classes.
There is no arrangement for the training of women students. Students
from other provinces are admitted but no seats are reserved for them.
138, 118 and 99 applications were received in 1935, 1936 and 1937 out of
which 16, 14 and 8 respectively were from candidates with I.Sc qualifica-
tions.
Unsuccessful students have to undergo training for another session (six
months) in each subject and to attend special practical classes held for
them. Students who fail in the final year examination have also to do hos-
pital duty besides attending the usual lectures and practical classes.
For purposes of practical classes students are divided into batches ; each
batch consists of 10—12 students.
Arrangements exist for the training of candidates desirous of qualifying
as compounders and dressers. The opening of a special class for the train-
ing of sanitary assistants is under consideration.
There is a Library and a Reading Room for students. Football,
hockey, badminton, volley ball and gymnastic are organised under the
auspices of the Athletic Club of the School.
CHITTAGONG MEDICAL SCHOOL, CHITTAGONG. (BENGAL.)
It is a Government institution. It was opened in June 1930.
The minimum qualification for admission is the Matriculation certificate
granted by a recognised University. The number of applicants during the
years 1935, 1936 and 1937 was 68, 79 and 71 respectively of which 2, 4 and
4 respectively were those who had passed the Intermediate Examination in
Science. Candidates are selected according to their educational qualifica-
tions, but the Superintendent or the Selection Committee, if one is appoint-
ed, has the power to fill up not more than 15 per cent. of the total number
of vacancies with candidates who have special claims for consideration,
special regard being given to the claims of candidates from the depressed
classes. Preference is given to candidates from the Chittagong Division.
25 per cent. of the total number of vacancies are reserved for Mohamme-
dans.
The name of a first year student who fails to pass his annual examina-
tion in February is struck off the rolls, but the 2nd and 3rd year students
are allowed four chances to pass the examination. There is no such res-
triction in the case of students studying in the final year.
The proportion of teachers and demonstrators to students is the same
as prescribed in the schedule sanctioned by the Government of Bengal.
The number of students working at a time in a practical class is 16 on an
average. Classes for compounders are also held in this School. There is no
students' club. The students use the School Library as their Reading
Room during working hours.
109
JACKSON MEDICAL SCHOOL, JALPAIGURI, (BENGAL).
It is a Government institution and was started in 1930. 64 students
have since passed out of the School after obtaining the L.M.P. diploma.
Matriculation or an equivalent examination is the minimum educational
qualification required for admission to this school. Admissions are made
by selection. Preference is given to Mohammedans and depressed classes
upto 25 and 15 per cent. of the total vacancies respectively. No women
students are admitted.
The number of applications received during 1935, 1936 and 1937 was
57, 59 and 49 respectively. 3, 4 and 3 applications in 1935, 1936 and 1937 res-
pectively were received from students with I.Sc. qualifications.
Failed students are required to attend a further course of training and
are allowed only four chances to reappear at the examination at which they
fail, but there is no such restriction for the final year failed students.
The maximum number of students working at a time in a practical class.
is 16.
The Athletic Club, which provides mainly for football, hockey, cricket
and tennis, is managed by an Executive Committee formed of staff and
students. The School has a Reading Room within its premises equipped
with books and journals.
BANKURA SAMMILANI MEDICAL SCHOOL, BANKURA, (BENGAL.)
To meet the growing demands for qualified medical practitioners in the
mofussil and for the spread of medical education in the Presidency, as well
as for the establishment of a fair-sized decent and well equipped hospital
in the District town, the Bankura Sammilani Medical School was started
by the Bankura Sammilani in 1922. It trains students for the Licentiate
Examination of the State Medical Faculty of Bengal and is recognised by
the Bengal Council of Medical Registration.
The preliminary education standard required for admission to the School
is Matriculation or an equivalent examination of a recognised University.
Students from all districts and provinces are treated alike for admission to
this institution. No reservation of any kind obtains.
The number of applications received in 1935, 1936 and 1937 was 98,
62 and 54 respectively out of which 1 application each in 1936 and 1937
was received from candidates with I.Sc. qualifications.
It is compulsory for the failed students to attend all the lectures,
de-monstrations and practical classes in the subject or subjects concerned for
a period from the publication of the result upto the Test Examination and
no student is sent up for the Faculty Examination unless he passes in the
Test Examination.
For purposes of practical classes students are divided into groups, each
group consisting of 20 students. In Physiology, Pathology and Anatomy
two groups work simultaneously while in Materia Medica, Chemistry and
Physics only one group works at a time.
110
The Reading Room is under the the charge of a teacher who is also the
Secretary for the Common Room. It contains about 620 books and journals.
There is no separate club for students but they participate in games of all
kinds, particularly Foot-ball and Badminton.
THE CALCUTTA MEDICAL SCHOOL, CALCUTTA. (BENGAL).
It is a non-Government institution.
In 1923 the Calcutta Medical Institute, a Society registered under Act
XXI of 1860, took over the management of the Calcutta Medical School
and Hospital which was founded by late Dr. S. K. Mullick, under the name
of the National Medical College of India. In 1924 the School was recog-
nised temporarily up to the Intermediate standard and since 1926 it is affili-
ated up to the Final L.M.F. standard of the State Medical Faculty of
Bengal. The hospital, which formerly contained only 50 beds, has been
enlarged since 1933 to contain 150 beds to provide adequate facilities for
hospital training to the students who had previously to attend various other
hospitals in Calcutta for the purpose.
The preliminary education standard required for admission to the School
is a pass at the Matriculation or an . equivalent examination. Students are
.admitted from all provinces without distinction of paste or creed. There
is no special reservation of any kind. The number of applications received
during 1935, 1936 and 1937 was 257, 225 and 220 respectively out of which
67, 54 and 45 respectively were received from students with I.Sc. qualifi
-cations.
Failed students have to undergo a further course of training for six
months in the subject or subjects concerned and also hospital training for
6 months in the case of senior students.
The maximum number of students working at a time in a practical class
is 30.
There are two clubs. The one is Athletic Club which arranges for almost
all indoor and outdoor games, while the other is Entertainment Club under
which theatrical performances are organised. Students read books in the
School Library.
During 1936-37 papers on (i) Anaemia in Pregnancy, (ii) Delay in
Labour and (iii) Osteomalacia were published in the book of Midwifery 'An
Introduction to the study of Midwifery, 1937' by Dr. J. C. Chatterjee.
NATIONAL MEDICAL INSTITUTE, CALCUTTA. (BENGAL).
It is a non-Government institution.
It was first started in 1921 with 500 students having a five years' college
course but was ultimately reduced to the school standard of the State
Medical Faculty of Bengal to which it was affiliated in 1927. It is in
receipt of a grant from the Calcutta Municipal Corporation and got a
grant of Rs. 4 lakhs from the Government of Bengal for the
purchase of land, construction of buildings and equipment etc. The Indian
National Congress and Late Mr. C. R. Das gave a great impetus and sub-
stantial help to found this Institution. The School as well as its attached