NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
236
Comparative Study in the Use of Different Media
[XVII
broth tubes require incubation for 48 hours according to the recommended official procedure
[Ministry of Agriculture, 1934], although in the present experiment even the liquid media have
yielded definite results in 24 hours.
SUMMARY
The use of different liquid media (MacConkey's, formate ricinoleate and brilliant green bile
broths) and solid media (MacConkey's, Endo's, Rosin methylene blue and violet red bile agars) for
the estimation of coliform organisms in Indian milks has been compared.
2. The results of the presumptive coliform test in liquid media (dilution method) and solid media
(plating method) confirmed on Endo's or Rosin methylene blue agars have been examined and the
comparative efficiency of each medium brought out. All the three liquid media and MacConkey's
and violet red bile agars among solid media have been found to give satisfactory results in 24 hours.
REFERENCES
American Public Health Association (1941). Standard methods for the Examination of Dairy Products. 9th Ed
[A. P. H. A., New York]
Babel, F. J. and Parfitt, E. H. (1936). J. Dairy Sci. 19, 497
Bartram, M. T. and Black, L. A. (1937).
ibid. 20, 105
Chalmers, C. H. (1945). Bacteria in Relation to milk supply. 3rd Ed.
Chilson, W. H. and Eglinton, R. (1936). J. Dairy Sci. 19, 337
Cunningham, J. and Raghavachari, T. N. S. (1924). Indian J. Med. Res. 12, 75
Endo, S. (1904). Zbl. Bakt. 35, 109
Farrell, M. A. (1937). J. Dairy Sci. 20, 67
Halvorson, H. O. and Ziegler, N. R. (1933). J. Bact. 26, 101, 331 and 559
Jordan, H. E. (1927). J. Amer, Water Works Assoc. 18, 337
Kon, M. (1932-33). J. Dairy Res. 3-4, (2), 206
Leifson, E. (1935). J. Path. & Bact. 40, 581
Levine, M. (1918). J. Infect. Dis. 23, 43
MacConkey, A. T. (1905). J. Hyg. Camb. 5, 333
—(1908).
ibid. 8, 322
McCrady, M. H. and Langevin, E. (1932). J. Dairy Sci. 15, 321
—and
Archambault, J. (1934). Am. J. Pub. Health. 24, 122
Miller, N. J. and Pricket, P. S. (1938). J. Dairy Si. 21, 559
Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, London (1934). Bull 46 [H. M. S. O., London]
Noble and White (1935)., J. Bact. 29, 23
Raghavachari, T. N. S. and Sitraram Iyer P.V. (1934). Indian J. Med. Res. 21, 735
—(1936).
ibid. 23, 632 '
—(1938).
ibid. 23, 367
Stark, C.N., and England, C. W. (1935). J. Bact. 29, 26
Tonney, F. O. and Noble, R. E. (1932). J. Bact. 23, 473
Walton, J. H. (1931). Indian J. Vet. Sci. 1, 221
Wilson, G. S., et al. (1935). Medical Research Council, Spec. Rep. Series, No. 1, 206 [H.M.S.O., London]
Yale, M. W. (1937). Am. J. Pub. Health. 27, 564
240
The Acidity, Alcohol Test and Phosphate in Buffalo milk
[ XVII
Phosphate test
Percentage of Alcohol
60
.
.
.
.
.
62
.
.
.
.
.
65
.
.
.
.
.
68 . . . . .
70
.
.
.
.
.
72
.
.
.
.
.
75
.
.
.
.
.
78
.
.
.
.
.
80
.
.
.
.
.
Total . .
Acidity of milk (percentage of lactic acid)
0.10
3
2
6
3
5
3
5
6
1
34
0.11
18
9
20
10
14
11
11
4
7
104
0.12
42
16
22
18
18
12
22
4
0
159
0.13
66
25
23
11
13
7
7
5
..
157
0.14
86
29
22
19
8
9
6
5
..
184
0.15
95
20
15
5
5
5
4
2
..
151
0.16
87
11
12
3
7
3
5
..
..
128
0.17
58
1
1
1
2
..
..
..
..
63
0.18
54
4
3
2
1
..
..
..
..
64
0.19
39
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
..
41
Total
548
117
126
72
73
50
60
26
13
1,085
A glance at Table II will clearly show the wide variations in the distribution of the phosphate
numbers. Although no consistent relationship between titratable acidity and phosphate number
has been reported by the foreign workers, it is quite clear that the phosphate number comes down
as the acidity increases. At an acidity of 0.10 per cent lactic acid in milk, only below one per cent
of the readings for phosphate number fall below 20. As the acidity increases the percentage of phos-
phate numbers below 20 increases rather rapidly so that at an acidity of 0.13 per cent, 27 per cent
of the readings fall below 20, and 56 per cent at an acidity of 0.19 per cent. Therefore, it is quite
clear that there is some relationship between acidity and phosphate number, and this too is found to
be statistically significant.
TABLE III
Acidity of milk and alcohol test
TABLE IV
Alcohol test and phosphate numbers
Phosphate Number
0—15 . .
15—25 . .
25—35 . .
35—45 . .
45—55 . .
55—65 . .
65—75 . .
75—85 . .
Total .
Alcohol concentration
60
32
66
56
13
3
7
1
..
178
62
..
18
60
27
5
12
7
1
130
65
..
12
71
31
13
8
4
..
139
68
..
9
36
6
2
4
..
..
57
70
..
6
30
12
3
9
2
..
62
72
..
1
12
9
2
6
7
..
37
75
..
1
18
9
7
17
8
..
60
78
..
2
9
4
2
9
2
..
28
80
..
..
2
..
..
5
2
..
9
Total
32
115
294
111
37
77
33
1
700
Table IV represents the relative distribution of alcohol and phosphate tests in the same field.
In the case of samples that give a positive alcohol test with 60 per cent alcohol, the proportion of
samples that have a phosphate number of 20 or below is as high as 39 per cent. With samples that
give positive alcohol test with 62 per cent alcohol, the percentage of samples giving a phosphate
248
An Outbreak of Pasteurellosis in Geese
[XVII
A few drops of heart blood from the rabbit were diluted with about 5 c.c. of sterile broth and
inoculated subcutaneously into another rabbit and intravenously into a fowl. Again, both died
the following night and pasteurella was demonstrated in large numbers in films and in cultures from
their heart blood.
Similarly, from the guinea-pig, heart blood was subinoculated intravenously into a fowl and
subcutaneously into another guinea-pig. The second guinea-pig looked sickly for some days, but
survived. The fowl died about 40 hours after inoculation and showed typical pasteurella in peri-
pheral blood, heart blood, liver and spleen films.
Clinical features. These were not observed systematically. The symptoms noted were : mark-
ed dullness, loss of appetite, increased thirst, some discharge from the beak, diarrhoea, and in a few
cases weak limbs probably due to involvement of joints.
Post-mortem findings. According to the post-mortem picture most cases would fall in the class
of sub-acute infection. Thus, besides usual haemorrhages and varying degrees of enteritis, the
liver was found studded with numerous minute discrete grayish-yellow ' necrotic' foci. A few
livers examined earlier in the outbreak appeared clean, except being slightly enlarged, while in a
few case, examined later in the outbreak, larger ' necrotic ' areas were noted. The spleen was never
found distinctly enlarged.
CONTROL MEASURES
The obvious preliminary step was to relieve overcrowding. This could not be accomplished for
want of space. Such other sanitary measures, like disinfection of premises, etc. were adopted as
the prevailing conditions permitted.
Inoculation with fowl cholera vaccine and serum as prepared by the Indian Veterinary Re-
search Institute was undertaken. Since the owners could not be persuaded to withhold sale beyond
a few days, the results of these measures could not be correctly assessed. Deaths continued to
occur during the first week after inoculation, but later the disease seemed to have been brought under
control.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The cultural and biochemical tests were done in the School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta. The
facilities granted by the Director, Lt.-Col. Pasricha, are gratefully acknowledged. The authors
are also grateful to Mr. J. R. Haddow, Veterinary Adviser to the Government of Bengal, for his
interest in the work.
II.-PASTEURELLOSIS IN DUCKLINGS
By, S. NURUL MOHTEDA, G.M.V.C., Assistant Disease Investigation Officer (Poultry), Hyderabad Dn.
(Received for publication on 14 October 1946)
F OWL CHOLERA, as it affects ducklings three to four months old, was studied for the first
time in Hyderabad State in 1943. A general survey of poultry disease in the State revealed
the existence of sickness affecting ducks which caused sudden death and which was suspected to
be either cholera or paratyphoid infection. The disease usually subsided of its own accord. In
the present investigation the death of 12 ducks was reported within four days of their purchase.
No relevant information concerning the source of the disease was available. One ailing and one
dead bird were brought to the laboratory for examination.
Lesions. No diagnostic symptom of pasteurella infection was apparent. Pinpoint haemorr-
hages were found in the heart coronary fat; the lungs were congested and partly pneumonic ; the
liver contained petechial haemorrhages, as well as white necrotic foci, while the intestines were
affected with catarrhal haemorrhagic enteritis. All other organs were normal.
Diagnosis. Films of heart-blood and liver contained bipolar organisms simulating Pasteurella
aviseptica. To confirm the diagnosis a pigeon was infected intraperitoneally with 2 c.c. of the suspen-
sion of the liver, spleen and heart-blood, while a fowl was infected intravenously with the same amount
of suspension of bone marrow. Both died after 18-20 hours and smears of this blood contained
organisms indistinguishable from those of P. aviseptica. Again, another fowl was infected intraven-
ously with the same results. A rabbit inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 c.c. of heart-blood died
within five hours of the injection after struggling for 5-10 minutes and passing semi-solid faeces.
In this case also blood smears were positive for P. aviseptica. The material from the original case
as well as from the experimental birds were sent to Izatnagar for bacteriological study. The material
included demuscled femur and tibia bones preserved in powdered charcoal, a portion of the liver, a
heart-blood swab, and heart-blood in a pipette. Pasteurella infection was confirmed. The organism
isolated was pathogenic to fowl, duck, pigeon and rabbit, but cross agglutination tests with various
types of sera proved it to be different from the usual fowl strain.
SUMMARY
An outbreak of fowl cholera or pasteurellosis among ducklings in an endemic form has been
recorded in Hyderabad State. The duck strain (Past, aviseptica) on serological examination revealed
significant differences in its antigenic composition from that of the chicken strain.
249
B
NUTRITIVE VALUES OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF NAPIER GRASS
By INDUBHUSAN CHATTERJEE, M.Sc. (AGR.), L.AG., MD. ABDUL HYE, M.SC. and MD. SAYED ALI,
Animal Nutrition Section, Dacca Farm
(Received for publication on 29 May 1947)
(With two text-figures)
N APIER GRASS (Pennisetum purpureum) is a fodder which has been recommended for use by
the Bengal Agricultural Department. The chief point in its favour is that it is a prolific grower.
In the earlier feeding trials conducted during 1932, it was found to contain about 10 to 16 per cent
of dry matter and 90 to 84 per cent of water. Seasonal estimation conducted both in 1932 and later
on in 1935-36 with plants of different heights from 1 ft. to 6 ft. has shown a variation which is best
illustrated (mean basis) in Table I.
TABLE I
Dry matter of Napier grass at different heights (mean values)
Dimensions
1 ft. . . . . . .
2 ft. . . . . . .
3 ft. . . . . . .
4 ft. . . . . . .
5 ft. . . . . . .
6 ft. . . . . . .
1932
Leaves
Per cent
18.69
19.42
18.45
21.85
23.37
24.57
Steins
Per cent
10.81
10.51
11.11
12.14
13.94
15.84
Whole plant
Per cent
14.64
13.95
15.15
14.99
16.71
18.15
1935-36
Leaves
Per cent
24.94
22.27
25.31
25.36
29.68
34.25
Stems
Per cent
15.47
15.13
16.92
20.97
25.25
26.62
Whole plant
Per cent
19.28
17.83
19.80
22.59
26.72
28.84
It will be seen that a large percentage of dry matter is in the leaves. There is however a very
large difference between the values of 1932 and of 1935-36. This is partly due to the fact that the
1935-36 crop was ratoon continuing from 1932 and partly that the growth was slower in the later
year, due to some extent to a drier condition. The larger percentage of dry matter in the ratoon
crop raises the question as to how far such increase contributes towards a corresponding increase and
efficiency of the nutrients. This may be partially judged from the percentage of nitrogen as set
forth in Table II.
TABLE II
Nitrogen percentage of Napier grass at different heights (mean values on dry basis)
Dimension
1 ft. . . . . . .
2 ft. . . . . . .
3 ft. . . . . . .
4 ft. . . . . . .
5 ft. . . . . . .
6 ft. . . . . . .
NITROGEN 1932
Leaves
Per cent
1.83
1.50
1.42
1.12
1.11
1.33
Stems
Per cent
1.23
0.94
0.77
0.52
0.42
0.43
Whole plant
Per cent
1.66
1.24
1.07
0.78
0.72
0.78
NITROGEN 1935-36
Leaves
Per cent
1.37
1.34
1.19
0.99
0.84
0.48
Stems
Per cent
0.81
0.68
0.47
0.36
0.25
0.33
Whole plant
Per cent
1.10
1.02
0.79
0.62
0.47
0.38
253
N
254
Nutritive Values of Different Parts of Napier Grass
[XVII
Even a cursory glance of Tables I and II will show that as the percentage of dry matter has
increased, there has been a progressive fall of the percentage of nitrogen. In other words they seem
to vary in an inverse ratio. How far such a variation throws its reflex on the actual yield of both
nitrogen and dry matter per unit area is also a matter of great importance. This is illustrated in
Figs. 1 and 2.
FIG. 1. The Yields of dry matter and nitrogen and the percentage of nitrogen on dry basis of Napier grass
of different heights in 1932.
IV] I. B. CHATTERJEE, MD. ABDUL HYE AND MD. SAYED ALI 255
Fig. 2. The Yields of dry matter and nitrogen and the percentage of nitrogen on dry basis of Napier grass
of different heights in 1935-1936.
In these graphs (Figs. 1 and 2) the yield of dry matter, the yield of nitrogen and the percentage
of nitrogen on dry basis have been plotted against 1 ft., 2 ft., 3 ft., 4 ft., 5 ft., and 6 ft crops for 1932
and 1935-36. Though there has been a large difference between the actual yield for two years, there
is broadly much agreement between the bearing of the nitrogen to the dry matter. For instance,
if we take the case of the whole plant the yield of nitrogen has been highest at 1 ft. crop, at 2 ft. crop
there is a fall which continues up to 3 ft. from which stage it is virtually constant. The dry matter
however progressively increases though there is a slight variation for 4 ft. and 6 ft. crop in 1932.
There are two points of interest. From the nutritive standpoint, which stage viz. of 3 ft., 4 ft. or
upwards provides the best combination of digestible dry matter and digestible protein ? From the
standpoint of plant physiology it opens out an interesting query as to what becomes of the fate of
the extra nitrogen which the 1 ft. plant first imbibes but which is apparently lost as the plant grows
in height. From the economic side it is necessary to trap this nitrogen and harness it for increasing
a valuable source of nutritive components. This is however a work for the plant physiologist.
N2
258
Nutritive Values of Different Parts of Napier Grass
[XVII
TABLE V
Nitrogen percentage of different fractions of Napier grass on green and dry basis
Dates
11th July 1941 . .
12th July 1941 . .
13th July 1941 . .
14th July 1941 . .
15th July 1941
. .
16th July 1941 . .
17th July 1941 . .
18th July 1941
. .
19th July 1941 . .
20th July 1941
. .
21st July 1941
. .
22nd July 1941 . .
23rd July 1941 . .
24th July 1941 . .
25th July 1941 . .
26th July 1941
. .
27th July 1941
. .
28th July 1941 . .
29th July 1941 . .
30th July 1941
. .
31st July 1941
. .
NITROGEN
Fresh basis
Leaves
Per cent
0.37
0.32
0.27
0.41
0.27
0.31
0.32
0.29
0.32
0.24
0.33
0.31
0.32
0.29
0.30
0.27
0.27
0.35
0.25
0.30
0.30
Softer
stem
Per cent
0.13
0.10
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.10
0.08
0.07
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.10
0.11
0.09
006
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.07
0.07
0.07
Coarser
stem
Per cent
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.07
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
Whole
plant
Per cent
0.18
0.15
013
0.15
0.11
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.16
0.13
0.15
0.15
0.16
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.16
0.12
0.14
0.12
Dry basis
Leaves
Per cent
1.71
1.44
1.26
2.03
1.30
1.38
1.37
1.2
1.49
1.15
1.56
1.38
1.37
1.28
1.21
1.04
1.11
1.33
1.10
1.17
1.25
Softer
stem
Per cent
1.06
0.66
0.75
0.63
0.45
0.73
0.49
0.38
0.74
0.61
0.52
0.62
0.68
0.59
0.35
0.47
0.48
0.48
0.41
0.37
0.39
Coarser
stem
Per cent
0.35
0.27
0.27
0.40
0.27
0.35
0.22
0.34
0.31
0.26
0.32
0.23
0.36
0.22
0.24
0.21
0.15
0.24
0.25
0.22
0.17
Whole
plant
Per cent
1.14
0.84
0.82
1.03
0.70
0.88
0.76
0.62
0.94
0.75
0.86
0.81
0.87
0.76
0.63
0.61
0.62
0.69
0.59
0.68
0.61
TABLE VI
Proportion of components in the different fractions of Napier grass
Dates
11th July 1941 .
12th July 1941 .
13th July 1941 .
14th July 1941 .
15th July 1941 .
16th July 1941 .
17th July 1941 .
18th July 1941 .
19th July 1941 .
20th July 1941 .
21st July 1941 .
22nd July 1941 .
23rd July 1941 .
24th July 1941 .
25th July 1941 .
26th July 1941 .
27th July 1941 .
28th July 1941 .
29th July 1941 .
30th July 1941 .
31st July 1941 .
DISTRIBUTION OF 100 PARTS OF COMPONENTS IN THE DIFFERENT FRACTIONS
Green matter
Total = 100
Leaves
25.0
27.5
26.7
23.6
26.1
27.9
29.1
24.7
27.6
29.6
29.9
28.8
28.3
28.3
30.7
27.0
27.5
27.0
29.1
28.6
26.8
Softer
stem
54.2
48.0
49.8
58.6
54.1
51.7
52.9
58.0
57.6
56.8
54.2
53.3
54.5
53.7
50.3
52.7
51.6
51.1
48.9
49.6
49.7
Coarser
stem
20.2
24.5
23.5
16.8
19.8
20.4
18.1
17.3
14.8
13.7
15.9
17.9
17.3
18.0
19.1
20.3
20.9
21.8
22.0
21.8
23.5
Dry matter
Total=100
Leaves
35.6
35.4
35.2
31.8
34.3
36.0
35.1
28.1
35.3
35.1
35.9
34.9
35.5
35.8
36.1
33.6
34.0
31.4
32.1
34.3
32.4
Softer
stem
43.3
39.9
41.3
47.9
45.0
42.4
45.0
54.9
48.6
49.5
46.9
45.9
45.9
45.0
43.4
44.5
43.0
43.8
43.0
41.5
42.2
Coarser
stem
21.1
24.7
23.5
20.3
20.7
21.6
18.9
16.9
16.2
15.4
17.2
19.2
18.6
19.2
20.6
21.9
23.0
24.7
24.9
24.2
25.5
Nitrogen
Total=100
Leaves
53.4
60.9
54.4
62.9
63.4
56.4
65.4
57.2
56.2
54.2
65.4
59.2
56.4
59.9
68.7
57.8
61.2
60.7
59.6
61.4
66.0
Softer
stem
40.1
31.2
37.8
29.3
28.8
35.1
29.2
33.5
38.4
40.5
28.2
5.2
35.8
34.6
23.7
34.8
33.2
30.6
29.9
30.8
26.9
Coarser
stem
6.4
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.8
8.5
5.4
9.3
5.4
5.3
6.4
5.6
7.8
5.5
7.6
7.4
5.7
8.6
10.6
7.8
7.0
SOME DIGESTIBILITY TRIALS ON INDIAN FEEDING STUFFS
XIII. DESI SUGARCANE SACCHRUM BARBARI JBSW (KATHA)
By LAL CHAND DHARMANI, AGRICULTURAL CHEMIST II, KARTAR SINGH LOHARA, B.SC., (AGRI.)
and N. AKBAR ALI, B.Sc. (AGRI.)
(Received for publication 26 Oct. 1945)
T HICK Coimbatore varieties of sugarcane introduced by the Department of Agriculture in the
Punjab, yield higher tonnage of cane and bring more profit to the growers than desi sugarcane.
Inspite of this the zamindars in the Punjab still grow desi varieties of sugarcane on a fairly large
scale and Katha is one of the most favourite canes. The main reason of its finding favour with the
zamindars is that during the days of fodder scarcity this cane can be fed to cattle, being thinner than
all the Coimbatore varieties. It has a great tillering capacity and can stand drought, flooding and
frost. Its thickness (average diameter) is 1.44 c.m. Stripped cane forms 66 per cent of the whole.
Digestibility trials were conducted with Katha sugarcane on five Sahiwal heifers with a view
to find out the feeding value of this cane as compared to wheat bhusa, the staple fodder of cattle in
the Punjab.
Five Sahiwal heifers Nos. 171, 200, 212, 199 and J. D., two to three years old, were used as.
experimental animals for the digestibility trials. The technique followed was the same as is usually
employed in such trials at the Lyallpur Animal Nutrition Centre [ Memoirs of the Department of
Agriculture in India, 1928, IX (7) ]. The experimental animals were kept on the usual preparatory
period of 15 days. During the experimental period all the animals were given weighed amount of
the feed and their voidings were carefully collected and sampled for detailed analysis in the labora-
tory.
The entire sugarcane including tops and dry leaves was cut into half inch pieces with a chaff
cutter before feeding to the animals. Three digestibility trials were carried out with this feed
during the months of December and January.
RESULTS
The chemical composition of the feed employed during the three trials is given in Table I. The
chemical composition of wheat bhusa is also given for sake of comparison in the same Table. The
digestibility data and the nutrients digested from 100 lb. of the feed along with the total digestible
nutrients are given in Tables II and III the nitrogen balance is shown in Table IV.
TABLE I
Chemical composition of sugarcane and wheat bhusa
Period
I . . . . . .
II . . . . . .
III . . . . . .
I . . . . . .
II . . . . . .
III . . . . . .
Percentage
of
dry matter
40.65
43.00
40.00
Percentage
of
ash
2.99
3.68
3.12
Percentage
of
fat
Percentage
of
fibre
Sugarcane
0.56
0.51
0.45
Percentage on dry matter
100
100
100
92.40
7.36
8.55
7.79
Wheat Bhusa
(as fed)
9.43
1.38
1.18
1.12
0.88
12.96
13.80
13.30
31.87
32.12
33.26
38.94
Percentage
of
N.F.E.
23.59
24.38
22.57
58.04
56.75
56.43
40.96
Percentage
of
protein
0.55
0.63
0.56
1.35
1.46
1.40
2.19
261
O
262
Some Digestibility Trials on Indian Feeding Stuffs
[XVII
TABLE II
Digestibility coefficients
Period
I. . .
II . .
III . .
I . .
II . .
III . .
I . .
II . .
III . .
I . .
I . .
. . . .
Body
weight
in lb.
779
721
712
757
725
687
811
737
724
675
421
500 to 700
Sugarcane
eaten
per day
in lb.
14.60
8.00
13.75
12.65
8.00
12.44
18.50
10.00
16.31
11.90
9.91
6.00
Dry
matter
eaten
per day
in lb.
5.93
3.44
5.50
5.14
3.44
4.98
7.52
4.30
6.52
4.84
4.03
5.54
Dry
matter
57.42
51.00
52.50
53.74
52.56
51.02
49.40
49.46
51.32
51.25
54.09
48.71
Digestibility coefficients
Ash
6.71
15.65
3.55
Negative
17.35
12.4.7
Negative
13.85
13.40
Negative
Negative
Negative
Fat
Fibre
N.F.E.
Heifer No. 171
61.12
43.60
37.65
57.96
50.96
55.38
65.98
59.60
60.20
Heifer No. 200
59.76
43.60
33.57
53.12
53.59
51.75
62.00
59.60
58.30
Heifer No. 212.
49.77
45.95
36.91
44.51
46.75
51.20
58.55
59.28
58.47
Heifer No. 199
55.48
53.67
60.98
Heifer No. J. D
55.07
55.63
63.63
Wheal Bhusa
35.55
61.15
52.51
Protein
Negative
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
The results are self explanatory. Digestibility coefficients of different constituents are, more
or less, of the same order as those of wheat bhusa. The nitrogen balance, which was always negative
for all the animals during the three periods, shows that sugarcane when fed alone is a non.maintenance
ration.
TABLE III
Digestible nutrients per 100 lb. of feed
Period
I . . . . .
II . . . . .
III . . . . .
I . . . . .
II . . . . .
III . . . . .
Dry
matter
Ash
Fat
Fibre
Nitrogen
free
extract
Protein
Total
Digestible
nutrients
per 100 lb.
of feed
Heifer No. 171
23.32
21.33
20.75
0.20
0.58
0.11
0.34
0.22
0.17
7.51
7.04
7.28
15.55
14.54
13.42
negative
„
„
„
23.74
22.02
21.03
Heifer No. 200
21.84
22.60
19.84
..
0.64
0.36
0.34
0.22
0.15
6.88
7.40
6.67
14.60
14.81
12.90
„
„
„
22.18
22.65
19.77
IV] LAL CHAND DHARMANI, KARTAR SINGH AND N. AKBAR 263
TABLE III—contd.
Digestable nutrients per 100 lb. of feed
Period.
I
.
.
.
.
.
II
.
.
.
.
.
III
.
.
.
.
I
.
.
.
.
.
I
.
.
.
.
.
I
.
.
.
.
.
Dry
matter
20.08
20.00
20.15
20.86
22.48
44.80
Ash
0.51
0.41
..
..
..
Fat
Fibre
Nitrogen
free
extract
Heifer No. 212
0.28
0.23
0.16
0.31
0.32
0.12
5.77
6.48
6.70
13.81
14.46
13.19
Heifer No. 199
6.99
14.41
Heifer No. J. D.
7.37
15.36
Wheat bhusa
23.80
21.40
Protein
negative
„
„
„
„
„
„
Total
Digestable
nutrients
per 100 lb.
of feed
20.14
21.38
20.21
20.14
23.37
45.47
TABLE IV
Nitrogen balance
Period
I . . . . . . .
II . . . .
III
.
.
.
.
I . . . . . . .
II . . . . . . .
III . . . .
I . . . .
II . . . . .
III . . . . .
I . . . . .
I . . . .
In-take of
nitrogen
(gm.)
5.81
2.77
5.52
5.04
2.77
4.92
7.35
4.37
6.51
4.95
4.04
Nitrogen voided
In dung
(gm.)
8.67
6.16
7.70
7.33
6.22
6.49
8.96
7.18
10.12
7.33
6.25
In urine
(gm.)
Total
(gm.)
Heifer No. 171
8.51
11.97
7.53
17.18
18.13
15.23
Heifer No. 200
7.38
9.86
7.42
14.94
16-08
13.91
Heifer No. 212
9.49
10.71
8.52
18.45
17.89
18.64
Heifer No. 199
7.38
14.71
Heifer J. D.
4.42
10.67
Balance
(gm.)
—11.37
—15.36
—9.71
—9.90
—13.31
—9.00
—11.10
—13.62
—12.13
—9.90
—6.63