NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
7
APPENDIX I A.
It is now three years since vaccination has been regularly carried on in the
district, and its result can very fairly be estimated.
The Vaccine establishment commenced their operations in November 1870;
in the early part of that year small-pox was present in an epidemic form
throughout the district, and many children died ; but although there were a
large number of children who had had small-pox, still during the season the
Vaccinators were enabled to vaccinate no less than 18,000 children.
The following table shows the number of cases of small-pox, the number
of deaths from the same cause, and the number of children vaccinated during
the last there years:—
1870...
1871...
1872...
Cases of
small-pox.
6146
360
82
Deaths from
small-pox.
511
65
35
Number of children
vaccinated.
18,005
9,272
9,160
It is at once seen from this that vaccination has a decided effect in prevent-
ing small-pox, and if properly carried out there is no doubt that this terrible
disease can be effectually rooted out of the district; and to attain this end the
Malguzars and ryots are asked to give their best aid, as from the general results
of the past three years the people must have seen the good effects of vaccina-
tion. Generally speaking the vaccinators have had very little trouble indeed in
carrying on their work, and only some few ignorant and timid persons have given
trouble or have obstructed the vaccinators.
The object of this paper is to teach the Malguzars and ryots what should be
done by them towards helping vaccination and so prevent small-pox.
Every child from one to six months old can be vaccinated without any
danger if it is strong and healthy; at this time the child has no disease of the
skin (khatha) which prevents successful vaccination. Children when they be-
come older injure the vaccine vesicles on their arm, break them, and then instead
of two or three danas, a great many appear on the arm and sometimes all over
the body, and the child is then put to great pain; all this is avoided by vaccinating
young children (godi ka larka) under 6 months old. Many parents must have
seen this in their own families.
Again when called to bring up their children to a certain village they should
be sure to attend on the appointed day and induce as many of those who object
to bring their children likewise, for then the vaccinator is enabled to vaccinate
all the children of a village at one time and the people are put to no further
inconvenience ; and if every child in a village be successfully vaccinated then
small-pox will never appear in it.
It has been proved that the best method of vaccinating, is to take the lymph
(Vernacular—lymp pani dawai) from a healthy child's arm, and when the children
of several villages after being vaccinated assemble together at one appointed
village the vaccinator is enabled to pick out the best cases from which to vaccinate
other children, In this way the success (faida ) of the operation is very great
and seldom if ever has to be repeated.
8
Sometimes it has happened that the people have not brought their children
for vaccination and the vaccinator has had to go to their villages, taking vaccine
matter (dawai) with him. Children vaccinated in this way do not show as much
success as when vaccinated arm to arm, and every parent should endeavour to
obtain arm to arm vaccination for his child.
Again when a child is attacked by small-pox and recovers, hundreds and
thousands of crusts (danas khiplees) fall from their bodies ; these seldom if ever
are swept away entirely from the houses but lie in the ground and in course of
time become dust, and then little children playing about inhale this dust and so
get the disease. The people ought therefore when a case of small-pox occurs in
their village, to insist on every part of the house and compound being thoroughly
swept and the whole of the sweepings burnt outside of the village. If every
house in the village be swept up in this manner and the sweepings burnt the
disease would never spread from house to house.
I have for the last three years seen a great many of the people as well as
their children, and I am very glad to find that year after year the objections
against vaccination are becoming less and less, for whereas in former years many
persons ran away from their homes when a vaccinator was coming, these now after
seeing the good effects of vaccination are the first to come when called and bring
others with them too.
9
APEENDIX II
Report, by Dr. Evers, Civil Surgeon, Seoni District, on Vaccine operations
in the Seoni district, Central Provinces, for the season 1872-73.
In order to ensure a supply of fresh lymph for the working season
vaccination was kept up in the Sadar town all through the interval, a few
children being vaccinated from month to month, as the following Table shows :—
1872
„
„
„
„
„
„
Months.
May
June
July
August
September
October
Total ...
Number of
operations.
8
28
84
49
43
37
249
Successful.
8
22
45
17
15
11
118
Unsuccessful.
1
19
8
9
*7
44
Doubtful.
5
20
24
19
19
87
Remarks.
* 3 from English lymph.
It was not till the latter end of October, however, that lymph was collected
for the use of the Vaccinators. Of 3 children vaccinated on the 19th of that
month the operation proved successful in 1 only; on the 26th 3 children
were vaccinated, and in all typical vesicles were produced; on the 27th 5 children
were vaccinated, 3 with English and 2 with country lymph; in the first case
the result was a failure, and in the second perfect success.
2. The locality selected for vaccine operations this season was the Lakh-
nadon Tahsil,
3. The vaccinating staff consisted of—
1
4
3
3
Native Superintendent on a salary of Rs. 25 per mensem.
First Class Vaccinators on
Second
„
Third
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
15
12
10
each.
„
„
All these men were on the Imperial establishment.
The vaccinating season commenced on the 1st November 1872 and lasted
up to nearly the 15th April 1873.
The Vaccinators, who were all furnished with the usual " parwanas" by the
Deputy Commissioner, were enjoined to exert as far as possible their own
personal influence in promoting the work, and not to irritate the feelings of the
people by unnecessary recourse to the authority granted them by the "parwanas."
In dealing with ignorant villagers considerable tact is required, for anything
like interference with their customs, more especially if there is the least
semblance of coercion in it, is at once eyed by them with suspicion.
4. The plan on which the work was carried on was this :—Beginning with
the taluqs situated along the southern and eastern boundaries of the Tahsil, I
assigned to every Vaccinator a Circle of 40 villages each. On arrival at a village
T—17—125—285
12
not prove an effectual protection against small-pox, I explained that it modified
the original disease and lessened its severity, thus preventing disfigurement, and
in most instances saving life. At Maitha, in the Kahanee taluq, the old story
about the "railway god" again cropped up, and I am sorry to say we had no
"Poojah master" to stand-by us here. I think I succeeded, however, in disabus-
ing their minds of such an idea, by telling the Vaccinator to wash his instruments
thoroughly and not to take any of the children's blood away with him ; the crowd
around me appeared to relish this as rather a good joke at the expense of the
person who began the "railway god" story.
7. The amount of work done during the past year may be thus tabulated:—
Total vaccinated.
Remaining from April 1872 ... ... ...
From May to October 1872
1872-73, working season (from November 1872 to March 1873)
3,646
249
15,927
Total... 19,822
For the month of April 1875 the number of operations returned is 634; this,
however, has to be carried on to credit of next season's returns.
Arm to arm vaccination has not been extensively practised. Tubes and
points were chiefly employed for conveying the lymph from village to village.
The usual Statements furnishing full details regarding the work are here-
with submitted.
8. The Vaccinators as a body have worked well, and I think I may safely
add honestly also. Vaccinators Syed Hossein and Apajee have done remarkably
well. I have much plesure therefore in bringing them specially to the notice
of the Sanitary Commissioner.
9. Of Native Superintendent Bassudeo Misser I cannot speak too highly.
He possesses great tact and intelligence, and is very hard-working, He has
most carefully supervised the work of his subordinates.
10. This report and the accompanying Statements have been delayed
somewhat in consequence of Vaccinator Kadir Bux having been detained in the
district by sickness, so that he did not return to Seoni until the 28th April
last.
13
APPENDIX III.
Report, by Dr. H. G. Hall, Civil Surgeon, Betul, of the Vaccine operations
carried on in the district of Betul, Central Provinces, during the year
1872-73.
I have the honor to forward to you the Vaccination Report of this District
for the year 1872-73, together with Tabular Statements I., II., III., and IV.
Lymph received.
On October 1st 20 children were vaccinated at the Sadar Dispensary with
crusts which were kept at the Dispensary from the pre-
vious season ; of these only 2 were successful and I
doubtful, all the others were unsuccessful.
On the 2nd 3 more were operated on with the same lymph, 1 of which was
successful and 2 unsuccessful.
On the 3rd 12 children were vaccinated with 3 tubes of lymph received from
Chhindwara; of these 8 were successful and 4 were unsuccessful.
On the 4th 12 were operated on by native crusts which were in the hospi-
tal; there were 3 successful, 7 doubtful, and 2 unsuccessful.
On the 9th 8 more children were inoculated from arm to arm, with lymph
obtained from the 2 successful cases of the 1st; of these 3 were successful,
3 doubtful, and 2 unsuccessful.
On the 10th, the 17 unsuccessful cases that were operated on on the 1st
were re-vaccinated, and 2 fresh cases ; of these 15 were successful, 1 doubtful,
and 3 unsuccessful.
On the 11th 8 were inoculated from arm to arm with lymph procured from
the 3 successful cases of the 4th; of these 5 were successful, 2 doubtful and 1 un-
successful ; and also 13 unsuccessful cases were re-vaccinated; there were 9 suc-
cessful and 4 unsuccessful.
On the 12th 6 new cases were vaccinated by crusts which were in the hos¬
pital; of these 1 was successful, 4 doubtful, and 1 was unsuccessful.
On 15th 4 new cases were inoculated by the same crusts ; there were 2
successful, and 2 unsuccessful.
On the 16th 9 more new cases were operated on by station crusts ; there
were 5 successful and 4 unsuccessful.
On the 18th some tubes of English lymph were received from Nagpur. On
the same day 13 new cases were vaccinated with this lymph, and 6 with station
crusts; of those done by the English lymph 2 only were successful, and 11 un-
successful ; of those done by the native lymph there were 4 successful and 2
unsuccessful.
On the 24th 1 child was successfully vaccinated from arm to arm.
On the 26th 2 were successfully operated on from arm to arm from the suc¬
cessful English cases.
On the 29th 20 fresh cases were operated on, 8 from arm to arm, and 12 from
points. There were 17 successful, 2 doubtful, and 1 unsuccessful.
B. O. k.—18—135—285
14
On the 30th 5 were successfully operated on from arm to arm, and on the
31st 3 more were inoculated with lymph from points; 2 were successful and
1 bad.
Arrival of Vaccinators.
First Class Vaccinator Goolab Sing arrived on the 15th October 1872 ; Per-
tab Sing-, 2nd Class Vaccinator, came on the 30th October;
Mahommad Moord, Native Superintendent, and 5 Vacci-
nators, came on the 31st.
One man named Abdool Gafoor did not report his arrival until the 5th De-
cember, and was dismissed by order of the Sanitary Commissioner for being
absent without leave.
His successor Mohioudeen Khan reported himself for duty on the 8th of
December.
By reference to Statement No. I, Column 6, it will be seen the date on which
each Vaccinator joined his Circle.
In consequence of difficulty in procuring tentage and camels I was not able
to go into camp until the 6th of December. I first went to the town of Betul,
where there was an epidemic of small-pox; I had the affected children isolated
and their houses cleaned and disinfected. In 1871-72 I experienced much oppo-
sition to vaccination in this place, and now found the people alarmed at the pre-
sence of small-pox and willing to have their children secured against it. I embrac-
ed the opportunity by sending a number of Vaccinators to the place and had
1,906 children vaccinated during the season. This compares very favourably with
the number secured in this circle last year, viz. 167. I am glad to say that if I
have not fully succeeded in securing the assistance of Taijee Sing, the Malguzar
of this place, he has not given any opposition to the work this year, but seems
inclined to do what he can to assist me, as the result of the work shows.
I left Betul on the 14th December and proceeded to Khairi. I found 43
children unvaccinated here, and had them done at my camp. There were 315
secured by the Vaccinator. On the 16th I went to Chicholi, a large village about
20 miles to the north-east of the Sadar station, and which I had not seen before.
I had 367 fresh cases of vaccination performed in my camp while in this
place. Beharee Lall, the Vaccinator. who had charge of the Circle, seemed to have
done no work from the time he joined up to the time of my visit. Be stated
that he was ill. 1 found only 185 cases operated on.
From Chicholi I proceeded to Cherapatla. I found no work done and had
161 children vaccinated while in the place. Pertab Sing had charge of this
Circle.
1 proceeded through the north-east part of the district, which is very jungly;
and the villages are few and at a distance from each other. This part of the coun-
try had not been visited at all by Beharee Lall, in whose charge this Circle was.
I had about two dozen children vaccinated in the few small and scattered villages
I met
On December 21st I arrived in Bordha, a large village in the north of the
district. The Vaccinator did not visit this place previous to my arrival. There
were 126 children vaccinated here in my camp.
From Bovdha I proceeded via Kesla and Dhar, to Shapur, between Bor-
dha and Shapur. At various small villages I caused 108 fresh cases to be vacci¬
17
On receiving your Circular No. 180 of the 7th June 1873 I made a
careful enquiry, and found that a number of cases that were returned as re¬
vaccinations, were cases that had been unsuccessfuly done only a week or two
before for the first time, consequently I had them entered as primary vaccinations
in the returns. There were no re-vaccinated cases during the year.
Sanitation.
There is a marked improvement in the cleanliness of many of the villages
which I visited as compared with last year, but there are
not a few which require the careful attention of the Local
authorities, for if they are not compelled to keep their places clean they will never
do so.
The towns of Bordha, Shahpur, Nimpani, Amla and Betul are seldom
clean.
O—18—136—285
STATEMENTS.
B. k. F.—15—166—385
A. STATEMEN
Showing particulars of Vaccination in each Circle of superintenden
1
CIRCLE.
2
Name and rank of
Superintendant.
A. G. Price, Apo-
thecary ...
B. Evers, Assistant
Surgeon,.
H. G. Hall, M., D.
Assistant
Sur-
geon
John Brake, Su¬
perin tendent
General of Vac¬
cination ...
Grand Total ...
3
Number of Native Superintendents.
1872-78
1
1
1
1
4
1871-72
1
1
1
1
4
4
Number of Vaccinators.
1872-73
10
10
10
10
40
1871-72
10
10
10
10
04
5
Total number of persons vaccinated.
1872-73
11,640
19,822
13,636
7,773
52,871
1871-72
10,387
11,742
11,251
8,264
41,644
6
Collectorate, Political Ageney or Native State
in which vaccinations were performed dur-
ing the year.
Chhindwara
Seoni....
Betul... ....
Nagpur ..
7
Population
of area included in last column.
260,913
421,650
258,230
649,342
1,590,135
8
Name of portion of District
or of Town.
Chhindwara Tahsil...
Chhindwara Town ...
Lodikhera Town ...
Sausar Tahsil ...
Jaghirs ... ... ...
Total ...
Seoni Tahsil „ ...
Katangi
„ ...
Laknadon
„ ...
Total ...
Betul Tahsil ... ...
Multai
„ ... ...
Total ..
Nagpur ... ...
5
A.
Sex.
Male.
3,012
132
56
1,377
1,156
5,733
19,48
102
7,612
9,662
5,653
1,012
6,665
4,010
26,070
Female.
3,02
12
4
1,35
l,32
5,96
1,74
12
8,29
10,16
6,03
92
6,97
3,7
26,8
I.
The Central Provinces during the year 1872-73.
9
Primary Vaccination.
B.
Caste.
Hindus.
5,028
189
92
2,344
2,317
9,961
2,429
119
4,781
7,329
10,328
1,582
11,910
6,457
35,657
Mohammadans.
95
52
1
54
22
224
300
4
415
719
198
27
225
549
1,717
Other Castes.
938
13
11
343
141
1,446
958
101
10,714
11,773
11,177
324
1,501
767
15,487
C.
Age.
Age under 1 year.
3,733
187
91
1,777
456
6,244
1,163
34
1,849
3,046
2,815
1,209
4,024
1,761
15,075
Above 1 year.
2,328
68
13
963
2,024
5,396
2,525
190
14,061
16,776
8,888
724
9,612
6,012
37,796
Result.
Successful.
5,662
2,03
84
2,515
2,387
10,851
2,977
196
14,421
17,594
10,595
1,694
12,289
6,523
47,257
Unsuccessful, including
those " doubtful."
341
39
16
157
68
621
568
26
1,048
1,642
836
196
1,032
973
4,268
Unknown.
58
13
4
68
25
168
143
2
441
586
272
43
315
277
1,346
D.
Total.
6,061
255
104
2,710
2,480
11,640
3,688
224
15,910
19,822
11,763
1,933
13,636
7,773
52,871
10
Re-vaccination.
A.
Successful.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
B.
Unsuccessful, including these
" doubtful.''
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
C.
Unknown.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
D.
Total.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
11
Percentage of
successful cases,
excluding those
"unknown"
from the total.
In primary vaccination.
94.31
83.88
84.00
94.12
97.23
94.58
83.97
88.28
93.22
91.46
92.68
89.63
92.25
87.01
91.71
In secondary vaccination.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
12
Average number of persons vaccinated by each
Vaccinator.
865.85
25.5
10.4
913.33
826.66
116.4
1844.00
224.00
1591.00
1982.20
1300.33
644.33
1363.60
777.30
1321.77
A.—STATEMENT No. II.
Showing the monthly number and results of Vaccinations-performed in each
Circle of superintendence in the Central Provinces, during the year 1872-73.
1
Circle of superintendence.
2
Months.
April 1872...
May ...
June ...
July...
August
...
September ...
October ...
November ...
December ..
January 1873
February ...
March ...
3
District in which operations
were chiefly conducted
in each month.
Seoni, Betul, Chhindwara
and Nagpur
..
Seoni, Chhindwara and
Nagpur ...
Seoni and Nagpur ...
Seoni, Chhindwara and
Nagpur ...
Ditto
ditto ...
Ditto
ditto ...
Seoni, Chhindwara, Betul
and Nagpur ...
Ditto
ditto ...
Ditto
ditto ...
Ditto*
ditto. ...
Ditto
ditto.
Ditto
ditto ...
Total ...
4
Total number vaccinated.
5,603
100
93
197
139
181
322
3,823
12,286
10,912
8,516
10,749
52,871
5
Results.
Successful.
4,478
90
79
137
95
182
238
3,530
11,300
9,929
7,636
9,614
47,257
Unsuccessful, in ¬
cluding those
962
5
9
34
20
28
60
248
724
731
622
825
4,268
Unknown.
163
5
5
26
24
22
24
45
212
252
258
310
1,346
6
Total.
5,603
100
93
197
139
181
322
3,823
12,236
10,912
8,516
10,749
52,871
7
Average percentage of
successful cases, exclud-
ing those "unknown''
from the total.
82.31
94.73
89.77
80.11
82.60
82.39
79.88
93.43
93.97
93.14
92.46
92.09
91.71
A—STATEMENT No. III.
Showing the expenditure of Vaccine Department in each Circle of superintendence
in the Central Provinces during the year 1872-73.
1
A.—Paid by Government.
3 Native Superintendents, at Rs. 25 per mensem .
10 Vaccinators, at Rs. 15 per mensem .
]0
Do.
12
do. ...
10
Do.
10
do
..
Total paid by Government .
B.—Paid by Government, Municipal and Local Funds
1 Native Superintendent, at Rs. 40 per mensem, paid by
Government, being the salary of 2nd Class Hospital
Assistant
Balance of his salary at Rs. 40 per mensem, paid by
Municipal Fund
4 1st Class, 2 2nd Class, and 4 3rd Class Vaccinators, at
Rs. 15, 12 and 10 per mensem.
Total paid by Municipal and Local Funds ...
C—Paid by Municipalities.
1 Native Superintendent, at Rs. 35 per mensem
..
2 Vaccinators, at Rs. 20 per mensem ...
10
Do.
12
do.
..
8
Do.
10
do ...
Total paid by Municipalities ..
D.—Paid by Local Funds.
1 Vaccinator at Rs 20 per mensem ...
3
Do
15
do
...
14
Do.
12
do. ...
7
Do.
10
do
Total paid by Local Funds ..
Travelling Allowance
Contingencies and carriage of Tents
Grand Total ..
2
Sanctioned.
Rs.
738
1,440
1,140
960
4,278
480
4,758
1,784
1,784
420
232
760
1,109
470
2,991
192
438
1,525
47.2
2,627
1,021
271
13,454
A.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0 0
7
7
8
15
1
P.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
Expended.
Rs.
738
1,335
998
958
4,029
480
4,509
1,638
1,638
225
232
482
995
450
2,385
192
313
1,383
472
2,360
1,021
271
12,187
A.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
14
0
0
8
13
3
9
0
0
0
7
7
8
15
6
P.
0
0
8
0
8
0
8
4
4
0
0
0
11
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
Total number vaccinat-
ed.
Rs.
...
16,489
14,776
13,833
45,098
7,773
7,773
..
2,092
3,967
10,121
8,277
24,457
2,359
2,340
27,693
14,529
46,921
...
1,24,249
5
Percentage of successful
csses, excluding those
" unknown " from the
total.
...
92.51
91.72
93.35
92.51
87.01
87.01
82.36
87.19
84.45
80.30
83.32
86.09
86.29
88.48
92.28
89.45
89.22
6
Cost of each successful
case.
R.
...
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A.
1
1
1
1
5
5
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
0
0 0
1
P.
...
5
2¼
2½
6 ¾
2½
2½
1¾
4
11
1¾
11¼
6
9½
11
6¼
11
9¼
E. O. Z- 15—107—305
A.—STATE
Showing results of the year 1872-73 as compared with those of
1
Years.
1867-68 ...
1868-69 ...
1869-70
..
1870-71 ...
1871-72 ...
1872-73, including
Nagpur ...
2
Total number of persons vaccinated.
34,100
43,484
35,332
49,204
33,380
52,871
3
Successful.
28,318
34,593
30,384
40,394
28,775
47,257
4
Ratio per cent successful, excluding those
" unknown" from the total.
83.3
81.1
88.5
84.5
90.6
91.71
5
Number of Vaccinators.
A
Paid by State.
30
30
30
30
30
30
B
Paid from other sources.
...
. .
...
...
...
10
C
Total.
30
30
30
30
30
40
D
Number previously employed
as inoculators or Native
practitioners.
...
...
...
...
...
...
MENT No. IV.
each of the previous five years in the Central Provinces.
6
Cost of Vaccine Establishment.
Rs.
11,745
13,442
10,913
4,312
3,959
6,147
A.
5
4
13
4
5
15
P.
0
8
4
5
11
0
7
Cost of travelling allowances and contin-
gencies.
Rs.
930
841
676
...
...
...
A.
6
6
0
...
...
...
P.
9
3
2
...
...
..
8
Total cost.
Rs.
12,675
14,283
11,592
4,312
3,959
6,147
A.
11
10
13
4
5
15
P.
9
11
6
5
11
0
9
Cost of each successful case,
Rs.
0
0
0
0
0
0
A.
7
6
6
1
2
2
P.
1¾
7¼
¼
8½
2¼
1