NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
Thus calculated the percentage of success for the two last seasons is :—
Primary ... ... ...
Re-vaccination ... ... ...
1883-84.
96.15
77.20
1884-85.
96.56
71.27
The decrease in the percentage of success in re-vaccination is, I believe, due
to more accurate reporting of the results, and more care in recording operations
as those of re-vaccination.
5. The cost of each successful operation in the two past seasons is :—
1883-84.
Rs. 0-1-8½
1884-85.
Rs. 0-l-9½
or including those by Dispensary agency, for which no remuneration is given :
1883-84.
Rs. 0-1-7
1884-85.
Rs. 0-1-8¼
VACCINATION DEPARTMENT.
(Provincial and Feudatory States.)
6. The chief points in the work of the two last seasons, as shown in State-
ments I and II, are stated below :—
Total number of operations ... ...
Ditto
primary ... ...
Ditto
re-vaccination ... ...
Ditto
vaccinators ... ...
Average number of persons vaccinated by each
vaccinator ... ... ...
Percentage of success in primary vaccination ...
Ditto
re-vaccination ... ...
Total cost of department ... ...
Pay of establishment
...
...
...
Travelling allowance ... ... ...
Contingencies
...
...
...
Cost of each successful case ... ...
1883-84.
381,513
371,949
9,564
205
1,832
96.15
77.20
Rs.
39,059
35,544
3,186
328
0
a.
8
2
7
14
1
p.
11
6
6
11
8½
1884-85.
390,192
376,491
13,701
208
1,858
96.56
71.27
Rs.
41,591
37,749
3,452
389
0
a.
9
8
14
1
1
P.
6
11
8
11
9½
Difference
in 1884-85.
+ 8,679
+ 4,542
+ 4,137
+ 3
+ 26
+ 0.41
— 5.93
Rs.
+ 2,532
+ 2,205
+ 266
+ 60
+ 0
a.
0
6
7
3
0
p.
7
3
2
0
1
7. There has been in the past season an increase of 8,679 in the number
of operations performed : the increase having taken place in the work of both
Provincial and Feudatory State establishments, and in primary and re-vaccina-
tion. The increase in the number of cases returned as those of re-vaccination,
has been entirely in the work of the Provincial department.
8. The number of vaccinators was increased by 3, 2 in the Provincial and
1 in the Feudatory State department.
3
9. There is an increase of 26 in the average number of operations per-
formed by each vaccinator, although the number of vaccinators employed was
larger than it was in the past season.
10. There has been an increase in the expenditure under every head, so
that although the number of operations is greater, each successful case cost more
than it did in 1883-84.
Each successful operation cost Rs. 0-0-9¼ less in the Feudatory State than
in the Province, the difference being caused chiefly by the very small inspecting
staff maintained in the former.
DISPENSARY VACCINATION.
Provincial and Feudatory State.
11. A comparison of the work done in the two last seasons is given
below: —
Total number of operations ... ...
Ditto
primary ... ...
Ditte
re-vaccination
...
...
Percentage of successful cases—
Ditto
primary
...
...
Ditto
re-vaccination ... ...
1883-84.
28,608
26,333
2,275
93.06
62.42
1884-85.
25,612
23,964
1,648
92.20
73.00
Difference
in 1884-85.
— 2,996
— 2,369
— 627
— 0.86
+ 12.58
12. The total number of operations performed by Dispensary agency has
been 2,996 less than it was in the previous season, the decrease being entirely
in the work by the Provincial Dispensary establishment.
13. The Dispensary establishment returns a lower ratio of success in
primary, and a higher in re-vaccination, than that of the Vaccine department.
PROVINCIAL VACCINE DEPARTMENT.
14. The chief facts connected with the working of this department in the 2
past seasons are as below . —
Total number of operations ...
Do.
primary ...
Do.
re-vaccination ...
Do.
vaccinators ...
Average number of persons vaccinated by
each vaccinator ...
Percentage of success in primary vaccina-
tion ...
Do.
revaccination ...
Total cost of department ...
Pay of establishment ...
Travelling allowance ...
Cost of each successful case
...
1883-84.
352,643
343,096
9,547
184
1,885
96.19
77.19
Rs.
37,340
33,927
3,150
0
a.
11
2
7
1
p.
4
6
6
90¼
1884-85.
360,448
346,753
13,695
186
1,918
96.55
71.28
Rs.
39,588
35,877
3,416
0
a.
9
8
14
1
p.
6
11
8
10¾
Difference in
1884-85.
+ 7,805
+ 3,657
+ 4,148
+ 2
+ 33
+ 0.36
—5.91
Rs.
+ 2,247
+ 1,950
+ 266
+ 0
a.
14
6
7
0
p.
2
5
2
1½
4
15. Vaccination was introduced this season for the first time into the
Zamindaris of Laffa, Kenda, Chooree and Korba in the Bilaspur district.
16. There has been an increase of 7,805 in the total number of opera-
tions.
The increase was in both primary and re-vaccination. The increase in the
number of primary operations took place in the districts of Narsinghpur, Nimar,
Betul, Chhindwara, Seoni, Balaghat, Nagpur, Wardha, Chanda and Raipur ;
and was greatest in Balaghat (2,793), Seoni (2,488), and Chhindwara (2,389).
17. The decrease in primary vaccination work was most marked in the
districts of Hoshangabad (2,967), Mandla (2,239), and Bhandara (1,866).
The Civil Surgeon, Hoshangabad, attributes the decrease in the number of
operations returned in his district chiefly to the non submission of the returns
for February and March by the vaccinator of one circle.
The decrease in Mandla is considered by the Civil Surgeon due to " a
" smaller number of adults being vaccinated ; last year there were adults of all
" ages operated upon."
The smaller number in the Bhandara district is, the Civil Surgeon thinks, due
partly to the vaccinators having been delayed in going to their work by the non-
receipt of vaccinating needles, but chiefly to the illness of a vaccinator.
18. The number of re-vaccination operations is 4,148 greater than it was
in 1883-84. Special enquiries were made regarding the cases returned as those
of re-vaccination, and all the Civil Surgeons report that the cases are properly
so called, except those of Chanda and Betul.
These officers' replies make it clear that the term has been misapplied and
that the cases returned as those of re-vaccination were really cases in which the
operation had been repeated in consequence of previous failure.
19. At the late Mr. Price's request the Native Superintendent was with-
drawn from the Chhindwara district: it was, however, thought desirable to
re-appoint one, and the best of the vaccinators was promoted to the post
and took charge of his duties on the 1st November.
There is an increase of 2 in the number of vaccinators in the Nagpur
district.
20. The average number of operations performed by each vaccinator was
larger than in 1883-84 by 33.
The average for each vaccinator is over 2,000 in 8 districts as compared
with 4 in 1883-84.
The highest average was reached in the districts of Chhindwara (2,609),
Balaghat (2,370), and Mandla (2,261); and the lowest in those of Betul (1,468),
Chanda (1,544), and Saugor (1,556).
21. The percentages of success are as returned by vaccinators 97, by Civil
Surgeons 92, by Native Superintendents 92, compared with
97 by Vaccinators,
95 by Civil Surgeons,
92 by Native Superintendents, in 1883-84.
The vaccinators of Sambalpur return the highest percentage of success
(99.2), and those of Chanda the lowest 89-28.
22. The large increase this season in the pay of establishment is due to
the Sanitary Commissioner having drawn for the greater part of the past season
only officiating pay, to the appointment of 2 Native Superintendents, 1 for the
Chhindwara district and 1 for Raipur Zamindaris,and to promotions among
the vaccinators.
5
Damoh and Nimar paid the highest rate for each successful vaccination
(Rs. 0-2-1¾), and Sambalpur the lowest (Rs. 0-1-1¾.)
Feudatory State Vaccinaton Department.
23. The work of this department is shown below :—
Total number of operations ...
„
„
primary ...
„
„
re-vaccination
...
„
„
vaccinators ...
Average number of persons vaccinated by
each vaccinator ... ...
Percentage of success in primary vac-
cination
...
...
„
„
re-vaccination ...
1883-84.
28,870
28,853
17
21
1,375
95.62
82.35
1884-85.
29,744
29,738
6
22
1,352
96.81
50.00
Difference in
1884-85.
+ 874
+ 885
— 11
+ 1
— 23
+1.19
—32.35
24. Chhuikhadan in Raipur has been added to the list of Feudatory States
in which vaccination is carried out, while, as already stated, the returns from the
Patna State were not furnished me this year.
25. Vaccination was to all intents confined to primary operations.
26. There was a small increase in the number of operations, but as the
number of vaccinators was increased by one (in Chhuikhadan)the average number
of vaccinations for each operator is 23 less than in 1883-84.
The number of operations in the following States is less than in 1883-84 : —
Sakti,
Bamra.
Rehrakol,
Sonepur.
The decrease is comparatively small, except in Bamra, where it is no less
than 4,269.
The Civil Surgeon appears to attribute this falling off to want of zeal on
the part of the vaccinators, one of whom was a new man.
27. The only State in which each vaccinator performed 2,000 operations is
Raigarh, and the average is very low indeed in Bamra, Rehrakol and Sonepur.
28. The percentage of success is returned as slightly higher than in
1883-84.
29. The inspecting staff of the work in Feudatory States was increased
by 1 Native Superintendent, who worked in Chhuikhadan and 6 Zamindaris from
the funds of which his pay was provided.
Provincial Dispensary Vaccination.
30. The following is the work done by Dispensary establishment in the
2 past seasons.
Total number of operations ... ...
„
primary ... ...
„
re-vaccination ... ...
Percentage of success in primary vaccination ...
„
re-vaccination ...
1883-84.
27,794
25,548
2,246
93.23
62.06
1884-85.
24,460
22,812
1,648
92.11
75.00
Difference
in 1884-85
—3,334
—2,736
—5.98
—1.12
+12.94
6
31. There is again a very considerable falling off in the amount of work
done, the decrease being in both primary and re-vaccination.
The decrease occurs in 9 districts and is largest in Nagpur (2,065) and Jub-
bulpore (1,519).
In Nagpur the falling off is, I believe, due to the work of the Hospital
Assistants at several of the dispensaries having increased so much that they
cannot vaccinate as they formerly did.
Dr. Rice does not give any explanation of the falling off.
In some districts the Civil Surgeon found it advisable to curtail the area
allotted to the Hospital Assistants.
32. The only dispensaries at which re-vaccination was carried out to any
extent are those of the Chhindwara and Jubbulpore districts; in the former
district the number has largely increased, while in the latter it has fallen off
very considerably.
33. The percentage of success in primary cases claimed by Hospital
Assistants is again considerably lower than that returned by vaccinators.
34. The following table shows the work done by the Establishment of
each dispensary: —
Districts.
Saugor
...
Damoh
...
Jubbulpore
...
Narsinghpur
...
Hoshangabad
...
Name of Dispensary.
Saugor
...
...
Sadar Bazar
...
...
Shahgarh ... ...
Deori
...
...
Khurai
...
...
Banda ... ...
Rehli ... ...
Garhakota ... ...
Police
...
...
Jail
...
...
Damoh ... ...
Pathuria ... ...
Hatta
...
...
Jabera
...
...
Jail and Police
...
...
Jubbulpore
...
City Branch ...
Thagggi ...
Murwara ...
Sehora ...
Bijragogarh ...
Civil Station ...
Jail Hospital
...
Gadarwara
...
Narsinghpur
...
Chhindwara
...
Jail and Police
...
Hoshangabad
...
Kothi Bazar
...
Harda
...
Seoni
...
Sohagpur
...
Pachmarhi
...
Number of vac-
cinations at each
dispensary in
1884-85.
22
218
64
253
175
150
232
350
...
10
297
231
264
70
112
280
2,013
485
559
903
572
397
362
270
301
162
...
481
208
537
919
337
11
1,474
974
5,571
733
2,493
Number of vac-
cinations at each
dispensary in
1883-84.
33
292
73
236
343
117
305
379
...
2
366
262
309
198
...
463
2,358
557
801
1,396
557
958
340
311
178
27
522
200
864
645
407
15
1,780
1,135
7,090
856
2,653
7
District.
Nimar
...
Mandla
...
Betul
...
Chhindwara
...
Seoni
...
Balaghat
...
Bhandara
...
Nagpur
...
Wardha
...
Chanda
...
Raipur
...
Bilaspur
...
Sambalpur
...
Name of Dispensary.
Khandwa ...
Pandhana ...
Civil Station ...
Burhanpur ...
Mandhatta ...
Asirgarh ...
Mandla ...
Ramgarh ...
Dindori ...
Jail and Police ...
Badnur ...
Multai
...
Chhindwara ...
Lodhikhera
...
Seoni ...
Laknadown ...
Balaghat ...
Waraseoni
...
Behir
...
Bhandara ...
Tirora ...
Sakoli ...
Tumsur ...
Pauni ...
Itwari
...
Rai Bahadur ...
Heude
...
Umrer ...
Khapa
...
Mowar ...
Katol ...
Ramtek
...
Wardha
...
Hinganghat
...
Sindi ...
Arvi ...
Deoli
...
Jail and Police ...
Sironcha
...
Warora ...
Brahmapuri
...
Armori ...
Mul ...
Chanda ...
Jail
...
Allapilly ...
Raipur
...
Sadar Bazar ...
Arang ...
Drug
...
Dhamtari ...
Jail ...
Police ...
Bilaspur
...
Mungeli ...
Seorinarain
...
Jail and Police ...
Pandaria
...
Pendra
...
Sambalpur ...
Bargarh ...
Police
...
Jail ...
Total ..
Number of
vaccinations at
each dispensary
in 1884-85.
135
108
...
62
49
59
136
222
... 10
277
165
1,384
845
616
45
141
170
99
258
426
131
103
222
...
...
...
453
292
226
148
153
274
261
212
265
59
46
171
276
241
359
244
...
51
8
115
348
510
305
1,212
...
68
75
224
131
...
205
34
239
270
44
33
413
368
412
2,229
661
410
1,140
1,272
1,117
1,350
2,558
669
586
24,460
Number of
vaccinations at
each dispensary
in 1883-84.
123
80
11
94
33
...
131
...
248 14
250
160
1,337
489
3191
81
44
78
26
227
275
82
152
202
384
467
15
849
802
571
481
268
229
134
104
194
148
156
267
340
361
252
206
60
108
18
146
204
538
610
965
...
96
111
219
321
50
171
104
160
77
101
37
311
393
410
1,826
400
148
938
3,337
965
1,612
2,559
976
375
27,79
8
FEUDATORY STATE DISPENSARY VACCINATION.
35. The work at these institutions during the past 2 seasons is as fol-
lows :—
Total number of operations
...
...
Ditto
primary ... ...
Ditto
re-vaccination
...
...
Percentage of success in primary vaccination ...
Ditto
re-vaccination ...
1883-84.
814
785
29
87.90
89.66
1884-85.
1,152
1,152
...
94.01
...
Difference in
1884-85.
+ 338
+ 367
— 29
+ 611
— 89.66
36. There is again a large increase in the number of operations, and the
increase is entirely in primary vaccination.
37. The ratio of success is also returned as 6 per cent higher than that of
last season.
38. The following table shows the work done at each of the Feudatory
State dispensaries :—
District.
Raipur
...
Bilaspur
...
Sambalpur ...
Name of Dispensary.
Dongargarh ...
Raj Nandgaon ...
Kawardha ...
Sakti ...
Sarangarh ...
Total ...
Number of vaccinations
at each dispensary
in 1884-85.
71
210
394
240
281
634
237
1,152
Number of vacci-
nations at each
dispensary in
1883-84.
156
...
211
242
156
453
205
814
SMALL-POX.
39. The districts in which the largest proportion of deaths to population
was recorded between 1st April 1884 and 31st March 1885, are:-—
Wardha
with 878
Kagpur
„ 1,035
Bhandara
„
812
Damoh
„
344
Chanda
„
419
Chhindwara „
277
deaths=2.26
„ =1.48
„ —1.20
„
=1.10
„ =0.79
„
=0.75
per 1,000 of population
„
„
„
„
„
As regards the districts of Wardha, Nagpur and Chanda, the Civil Surgeons
reports show clearly that in all of them there is a decided opposition to vaccina-
tion among certain classes : and that in Wardha and Chanda a large part of the
operations are not arm to arm.
10
40. No inspection of vaccination was carried out by the Civil Surgeon or
his Assistant in the Nagpur district, except that of the cases seen at dispensaries
by the former officer.
The duties of Assistant to Civil Surgeon were during the greater portion of
the season carried on by the Assistant Surgeon in charge of the Mayo Hospital
in addition to his regular duties, which prevented his leavrag the station.
The Civil Surgeons of Betul and Sambalpur did very little inspection work ;
in the case of the latter it is due to his having taken over charge of the district
during the working season, but for the Civil Surgeon of Betul there is not any
excuse.
The inspection work in the Seoni, Wardha, and Saugor districts was less
than is desirable.
In Nimar and Balaghat the Civil Surgeons saw more than half of the per-
sons operated on.
There was a Native Superintendent entertained for Chhuikhadan, and some of
the Zamindaris in the Raipur district. This has improved the inspection of the
Feudatory State vaccination work in that district, but in Bilaspur it is very insuffi-
cient, and in Sambalpur there does not appear to have been any.
41. The average ratio of successful cases for Provincial vaccination as
returned by Civil Surgeons is 4 per cent lower than it was last season, and is 4.6
per cent lower than that returned by the vaccinators, while it is a very little
higher than the ratio given by the Native Superintendents.
With reference to the great difference between the ratio of success returned
by vaccinators and by Native Superintendents in some districts, some Civil Sur-
geons give, what is I believe from personal inspection, a true explanation, viz.
the non-entry of the result of first operation if unsuccessful.
42. During the past cold season I inspected a considerable number of vac-
cine operations in the districts of Nimar, Hoshangabad, Narsinghpur, Saugor,
Damoh and Jubbulpore.
As regards the number of persons vaccinated, as far as my inspections went,
they may be accepted as practically true. I failed to discover anything like
decided falsification, though here and there names were wrongly entered, The
results are not as carefully entered as they should be ; not only are doubtful
cases entered as successful, but some manifestly unsuccessful are also. The
forms however in which I found this were very few.
I did meet with abscesses due to the irritation in connection with vaccina-
tion, but not many ; and considering the applications the mothers put to their
children's arms, it is not wonderful that abscesses should result.
DISTRICT VACCINATION.
43. The following is a precis of the reports submitted by Civil Surgeons.
44. Saugor.—The supply of lymph was maintained all through the non-
working season, but towards the end of the rains it became so inactive that
operations were suspended for 4 weeks. Early in October work was re-com-
menced with lymph which had been previously stored in tubes. This was suc-
cessful, and by 1st week in November all the Vaccinators and Hospital Assis-
tants were fully supplied.
11
Of 5 children vaccinated with the English lymph supplied from the Sani-
tary Commissioner's Office the operation proved successful in 4.
The number of operations is less than in the previous season, and this
decrease cannot be due to children not being available, as the operations are
fewer than the children available by 2,626.
The percentage of success as returned by the Assistant to Civil Surgeon
is
...
...
Native Superintendent
...
89.
81.
The difference is due to the children in whom the operation had proved
unsuccessful at the time of the Native Superintendent's inspection having been
again operated on and with success before the Assistant Surgeon's inspection
without their names having been entered as fresh cases.
Re-vaccination operations were less by 1,014 than in the previous season.
The inspection work was as in former years performed by the Assistant to
Civil Surgeon, the Civil Surgeon having seen only about 40 cases.
The Assistant to Civil Surgeon was in camp only 28 days, and did not in-
spect the work of 3 circles. The reason for this very small amount of inspection
is not stated.
The Assistant Surgeon states that he did not discover any irregularity or
dishonesty in the vaccinator's work.
The Native Superintendent was on tour 160 days, visited 631 villages, and
inspected 8,892 vaccinated persons: be is well reported of.
I vaccinator was found by the Native Superintendent to have entered
unsuccessful cases as successful.
4 vaccinators did badly.
DISPENSARY VACCINATION
The average of operations is less than it was last season. Of the 9
Hospital Assistants in the district, 4 are reported to have done good work.
SMALL-POX.
There was not any epidemic during the past season; the disease was in all
cases imported from the neighbouring Native States.
Vaccination is said to be becoming more popular, the apathy of the people
in regard to it less, and the people placing more faith in it.
Some of the Malguzars now give very decided aid, and there are but few
cases of opposition to the operation.
The smaller number of operations raised the cost of each successful case
from Rs. 0-1-7 to Rs. 0-1-8¾.
The following persons rendered valuable assistance to the Vaccination staff:—
1. Bahadur Khan, Malguzar of Borodia Roopai in the Khurai circle.
2. Ramchund Rao, Malguzar of Myhur, and Mothi in the Khurai circle.
3.—Shaik Kullu, Malguzar of Papet in the Banda circle.
45. Damoh.—The supply of lymph was kept up all through the non-work-
ing season.
The total number of operations is less than in the previous season, but the
decrease is entirely in those of children over 1 year old, the number performed
on children under 1 year being greater than in 1883-84.
The percentage of success as recorded by the Civil Surgeon and Native
Superintendent is much lower than it was last season, the difference being due
12
to more careful examination and record of the results. No falsification in the
register or returns was detected. The Native Superintendent was 140 days on
tour, visited 657 villages, and inspected 8,381 persons; he and all the vaccinators
are well reported of.
Dispensary vaccination shows less work this year : this is specially due to
the Hospital Assistant at Jabera being able to do but very little from ill-health.
The Hospital Assistant in charge of the Main dispensary has difficulty in get-
ing children, as the vaccinators work in the town all through the hot season.
The attitude of the people towards vaccination remains unchanged ; there
is not any active opposition, but the people would rather not have it, and hide
their children on the approach of the vaccinator.
Of small-pox there were very few cases, and of those reported as such a
large proportion are other diseases.
46. Jubbulpore.—The lymph supply was kept up all through the non-
working season.
The Civil Surgeon considers the staff of vaccinators too few.
The Native Superintendent was 151 days on tour, visited 787 villages, and
saw 11,064 vaccinated persons ; he is not well reported of by the Civil Surgeon.
The inspections in this district are made by the Assistant to the Civil Sur-
geon; he was 80 days on tour, visited 579 villages, and inspected 5,598 vacci-
nated persons. The Civil Surgeon considers this officer's inspections carefully
made, and the result trustworthy.
The number of operations is less than in the previous season by 2,124, the
decrease being in both District and Dispensary work.
Re-vaccinations are returned as 595 less than in 1883-84. The decrease in
the district work is attributed largely to the absence of 1st class vaccinator
Chooni Lal, who was promoted and transferred to Chhindwara as Native Super-
intendent.
Six vaccinators are badly reported of.
The people are generally indifferent in their attitude towards vaccination,
but the upper classes are opposed to it.
Small-pox caused 18 deaths according to the reports received from the
Police.
DISPENSARY VACCINATION.
The work done was less at all the dispensaries except those of the Civil
Station and Bijeragogarh.
The work in Bijeragogarh was found by the Civil Surgeon to be very unsuc-
cessful, and the Native Superintendent reports the same of the Hospital Assis-
tant's work in the villages.
The Hospital Assistant at Murwara has been reduced for getting his vaccin-
ation work done by an uneducated and unauthorized servant; and the Hospital
Assistant at Sehora had his inspection in some of the villages carried out in a
like manner. On the other hand Hospital Assistants Chooni Lal and Abdul
Kadir did very good work.
47. Narsinghpur.—Lymph
was kept up all through the non-working
season.
The English lymph was only partially successful.
There is an increase in District and a decrease in Dispensary vaccination
operations.