C.
H.
PARR
AND
SEN
83
The results obtained in the experiment are thus in line with practical experience with the Sahiwal
herd at both Pusa and New Delhi and with the Tharparkar herd at Karnal. In Table V are given
the records of the two herds which clearly indicate the improvement effected by the introduction
of four times milking and 'handling' since 1932-33 in the case of Sahiwal herd and 1936-37 in the
Tharparkar herd.
TABLE V
Records of the Sahiwal and Tharparkar herds under four times milking
Year (July to June)
1931-32
1932-33
1933-34
1934-35
1935-36
1936-37
1937-38
1938-39
1939-40
1940-41
1941-42
1942-43
1943-44
1944-45
Sahiwal herd
Wet
average
in lb.
per day
13.6
17.9
18.7
19.1
21.2
20.7
22.2
21.2
21.9
21.8
20.0
19.7
21.6
20.4
Overall
average
in lb.
per day
6.9
9.9
12.1
11.5
10.9
9.3
13.2
13.0
14.9
15.3
11.7
13.3
15.5
14.9
Total
number
of cows
(in milk
and dry)
per day
79
77
63
54
58
71
73
65
70
72
88
79
82
92
Percentage
of cows
in milk
per day
50.2
55.1
66.2
60.2
51.5
44.9
59.8
61.4
67.8
70.2
59.4
67.4
72.5
72.9
Tharparkar herd
Wet
average
in lb.
per day
14.4
17.4
20.4
19.2
19.6
19.5
20.1
22.2
21.4
20.2
Overall
average
in lb.
per day
9.3
9.5
11.4
11.1
11.3
11.7
15.5
14.3
16.2
13.6
Total
number
of cows
(in milk
and dry)
per day
93
91
89
97
82
88
89
89
87
95
Percentage
of cows
in milk
per day
56.0
54.0
56.0
55.0
58.0
60.2
76.3
76.0
5.0
66.6
NOTE.—Figures in italies indicate records under two times milking.
There is no doubt that two times milking is too infrequent for these breeds and induces a tendency
to develop flesh instead of milk production. By more frequent milking on the other hand the pro-
cesses of milk stimulation are increased and food is converted into milk rather than into flesh. The
animals develop a more active and alert disposition which approaches, what in dairy literature is
generally referred to as ' milk temperament'. Handling and prenatal milking possibly also con-
tribute something to the same result. The practice conduces to a healthy and active udder condi-
tion; congestion after calving is practically negligible, milk fever and mastitis unknown The ab-
sence of these troubles which are the cause of much anxiety in dairy herds in all western countries
has elicited much favourable comment from overseas visitors during the war who have been impressed
by the results.
The extra cost involved in four times milking as against two times milking is represented merely
by the cost on account of wages of extra labour plus the cost of extra concentrate ration required
by the cow to produce the extra milk. The amount of roughage required for maintenance will re-
main the same. In this experiment, the overall yield under two times milking was about 10 lb
per head per day and that under four times milking about 16 lb. per head per day. Assuming that
one attendant can milk eight cows twice daily and that an extra attendant is required for four times
milking, the extra milk, 6 lb. per head per day or 8×6=48 lb., of the eight cows will require 24 lb.
extra grain which at Rs. 8 a maund (82.3 lb. present price) will cost Rs. 2-6. This together with
the wages of one extra attendant at Rs. 1-8 per head will cost Rs. 3-14. Against this sum, the value
of 48 lb. of extra milk at 8 lb. per rupee is Rs. 6. Thus taking the overall period from calving to
D