NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
2
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
This paper is an attempt to supply the omission and to place on record the
results of an experimental study of rinderpest virus with a view to determine
whether successive passages of the virus through goats would so alter the virus
as to make it safe for use as a vaccine for protecting cattle against the disease
without anti-serum. In other words, the aim of the experiment is to find out
(1) whether there is a progressive attenuation of the virus as it passes from goat
to goat ; (2) at what stage of this attenuation is the virus safe for use as a vaccine
for protecting cattle against rinderpest ; (3) whether the attenuation through
goats is so progressive as to render the virus innocuous after a certain stage is
reached, or whether the virus after a certain stage in its attenuation becomes
" fixed " in its virulence for goats and (4) whether this " fixed " virus is capable
of being maintained indefinitely by passage in goats. It is obvious that these
points have an important bearing on the practical application of the method,
especially when it is intended to replace the serum-simultaneous inoculation
which is universally acknowledged to be the best in the field for conferring lasting
immunity against rinderpest.
The experiment was started in August 1932 and was so designed as to use
two goats for each passage and a bovine as control. During these 34 months,
150 unbroken passages have been completed. All the goats used in this experi-
ment were of the type commonly met with in this Presidency (Plate I, Figs. 1 and
2) and were obtained locally, and the controls were mostly buffalo-calves of local
breed of the kind used at the Madras Serum Institute for to produce rinderpest
bull virus for serum-simultaneous inoculations. These animals are of more than
average susceptibility. A summary of the observations recorded is set out in
Table I appended. As it would take up a great deal of space if the temperature
charts of all the experimental animals were included, only 31 temperature charts
(I—LXII) representing every fifth passage from the first to the 150th in this series
are included.
DISCUSSION
It will be observed from the details recorded in the tabular statement referred
to that (1) continuity of passage from goat to goat has been possible ; (2) the
reactions in the goats have been constant throughout ; (3) there has been no
difference in the mortality rate in goats between the earlier and later passages ;
(4) there is very little variation in the clinical symptoms in the experimental goats
at any stage during these 150 passages and (5) no marked variations have been
observed in the post mortem lesions in the goats. Some of these findings are in
accord with the observations of other workers, while others are at variance as
will be discussed later. It will further be seen that evidence of attenuation
of the virus for bovines, in its passage through goats, is furnished by the nature
Ind. Jour. Vety. Sci. & Anim. Husb. Vol. VI, Pt.
1.
PLATE I
FIG. 1. Type of goat (healthy).
FIG. 2. Goats (7 days after inoculation.)
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
3
of the reactions in the controls in relation to the comparative severity of the
clinical symptoms and mortality. For convenience of comparison, these are
divided into three groups of fifty each. The percentage of temperature reactions.
vesicles, diarrhœa and mortality, is as follows :—
1st group—
Temperature . . . . . . . . .
Vesicles . . . . . . . . .
Diarrhœa . . . . . . . . .
Mortality . . . . . . . . .
2nd group—
Temperature . . . . . . . . .
Vesicles . . . . . . . . . .
Diarrhœa . . . . . . . . .
Mortality . . . . . . . . .
3rd group—
Temperature . . . . . . . . .
Vesicles . . . . . . . . . .
Diarrhœa . . . . . . . . .
Mortality . . . . . . . . .
Per cent
96
77
81
52
87
37
80
48
63
46
50
24
As previously observed, the experience of other workers with regard to the
propagation of the virus in goats, the nature of reactions and clinical symptoms
and post mortem lesions are not exactly similar to our findings, but this is naturally
the result of varying factors, such as type of animal, environment, etc. For
example, Norman Hall (Thesis) could not maintain the virus through goats after
14 passages on one occasion and after 27 passages on another occasion. In his
first series comprising 42 experimental goats, 54 per cent reacted to the virus,
and in the second series of 81 animals, 80 per cent reacted. In his opinion there
was no evidence of any attenuation of the virus after 27 passages. As regards
the symptoms in goats and post mortem lesions, he says that " neither hyperaemia
of the gums nor stomatitis was a constant symptom. Discharges from the nose
were constantly present. Diarrhœa may also occur. Post mortem examina-
tion has often revealed gastro-enteritis more particularly acute enteritis, while
lesions in the duodenum and caecum have been most pronounced. Pneumonia
is not a constant factor when death occurs ". In this respect, the findings of
Cooper [1931] are at variance, especially as regards pneumonia and gastro-enteric
lesions. In our experimental animals, gastro-enteric lesions are more constant
than pneumonia. Martoglio and Adani, quoted by Norman Hall (Thesis), observed
" that in addition to pneumonic symptoms, buccal ulcers appeared and death
supervened about 12 days after inoculation." He also quoted Beaton who has
observed small eruptions on the lips and gums during the course of the disease.
In our experimental goats, buccal lesions-have been observed but are not constant.
4
THE
INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
In order to compare the reaction in local goats and to study the possible varia-
tions in the course of the disease in these goats with a different strain of virus, a
parallel series of experiment was started on 14th September 1933 with goat virus
(spleen tissue) obtained from the Imperial Institute of Veterinary Research,
Muktesar. It is not known for how long this strain of virus had been main-
tained through goats at Muktesar before it was received, but this virus has
been put through 95 direct passages in goats at this Institute. It will be seen
from the summary of reactions (Table II) and the temperature charts, (LXIII—
LXXXII) that there is hardly any difference in the nature of the reactions, course
of the disease and post mortem lesions between the two series of experimental goats.
Percentage of reaction in goats (Muktesar strain) :—
Temperature . . . . . . . . .
Vesicles . . . . . . . . . .
Diarrhœa . . . . . . . . .
Mortality . . . . . . . . .
Per cent
67
3
44
95
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
(1) Judging from the mortality rate in the controls, there is evidence of
attenuation of the virus for bovines after the 80th passage through goats.
(2) There is constancy of reaction in the experimental goats in Madras with
no evidence of attenuation for these animals.
(3) All the experimental goats have readily taken the infection and there is
no indication so far that the virus cannot be maintained indefinitely through
goats.
(4) Ideal attenuation for bovines cannot be said to have been reached until
the severity of reactions and mortality rate are reduced to the level generally
considered necessary for serum-simultaneous inoculation of animals.
The authors wish to acknowledge with thanks, the help rendered by Mr. G.
Theophilus, Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Serum Institute, Madras, in keeping
careful records of observations throughout the course of this experiment.
REFERENCES
Bliss, E. L. (1922). Reprint from China Med. Jour.
Edwards, J. T. (1927). An. Rep. Imp. Inst. Vet. Res., Muktesar.
—
(1928). An. Rep. Imp. Inst. Vet. Res., Muktesar.
Kerr, P. J., and Menon M. B. (1934). Ind. Jour. Vet. Sci. & Anim. Husb., 4, 75-80.
Koch, R. (1896-97). Reports on experiments conducted at Kimberley.
Norman Hall, G. Thesis presented to the Veterinary Faculty of the University of Zuric
for the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine.
Stirling, R. F. (1932). Vet. Jour., 88, 192-204.
—
(1933). Vet. Jour., 89, 290-306.
Topacio, T. (1926). Reprint from Philipp. Agric. Rev., 19.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
5
TABLE I
(Madras Strain)
Passage
Number
1
2
3
4
Kind of animal
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . . .
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
No.
5
6
136
9
10
153
13
14
165
17
18
175
Reaction
Temperature . .
Not pronounced .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Temperature . .
Result
Recovered.
Do.
Do.
Recovered.
Do. .
Died . .
Died . .
Died . .
Recovered .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered .
Remarks
Aborted on the 12th day.
Very severe lesions.
Very bad
lesions in the IIeo-cæcal valve
and cæcum Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Typical lesions throughout the
elementary system.
P. M.—Typical of Rinderpest.
Piro-Bigem appeared on the 8th
day.
11th day aborted a foetus—P. M.
typical of Rinderpest
P. M. Typical of Rinderpest.
5th day morning Temperature
105.4°F.
6
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
5
6
7
8
9
Kind of animal
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat . . . .
Control white calf .
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . .
Control white calf .
No.
19
20
187
23
195
27
210
31
32
219
33
34
236
Reaction
Not pronounced .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Vesicles . . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Not pronounced .
Do. . .
No reaction.
(Re-
tested with bull
Virus—no reaction).
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Result
Died . .
Recovered .
Died . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Recovered .
Died . .
Do. . .
..
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Remarks
P. M. Typical of Rinderpest.
Aborted a foetus on the 11th day.
P. M.—Typical of Rinderpest.
P. M. lesions : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
5th day morning Temperature
105.6° F.
P. M. Les ons : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Non-reactor.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
7
10
11
12
13
14
15
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . .
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf
.
Goat
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
35
36
227
37
38
253
39
40
262
43
44
269
45
46
279
48
288
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles,
and Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Do. . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Do. . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature . .
Vesicles . . .
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Vesice and Diarrhœa
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
Died .
.
Recovered.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Micro-filoria appeared in blood
on the 2nd evening.
Lesions
typical of Rinderpest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest æcum—Very bad.
Aborted a foetus on the 4th day.
P. M. typical of Rinderpest.
P. M. lesions : Typical of Rinderpest.
Good lesions in the gall-bladder.
Aborted a foetus—P. M. lesions
typical of Rinderpest. Good
mouth lesions.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
B
8
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI
I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
16
17
18
19
Kind of animal
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
No.
50
51
297
52
53
306
54
55
313
56
57
318
Reaction
Not pronounced .
Do. . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Result
Died . .
Do. .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
Remarks
P. M. Lesions :Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions typical of Rinderpest.
Good lesions in the gall-bladder.
P. M. lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
4th day evening Temperature
107° F.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
9
20
21
22
23
24
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
Goat . . . .
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
58
59
329
61
62
347
63
64
359
65
66
370
68
69
374
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Vesicles and Diarrhœa
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. . .
Vesicles and Diarrhœa
Temperature . .
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Vesicles and Diarrhœa
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
5th day morning Temperature :
105.4. P. M. Lesions: Typical
of Rinderpest.
Good mouth lesions—P. M. lesions :
Typical of Rinderpest com-
plicated with Pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest complicated with Pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions: Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Piro-Bi rem appeared in blood on
the 2nd day evening. P. M.
Lesions : Typical of Rinderpest
with Pneumonia.
P. M. Typical of Rinderpest.
P. M. Typical of Rinderpest with
Pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
10
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
25
26
27
28
Kind of animal
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . . .
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
No.
70
71
381
72
74
390
75
76
401
77
78
407
Reaction
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Do. . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . . .
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Result
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
Died . .
Recovered.
Do.
Recovered.
Died . .
Do. . .
Remarks
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest. 7th day morning Tempera-
ture : 105.6° F.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest. with good lesions in the
Abomasum.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions. Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
11
29
30
31
32
33
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . . .
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control buffalo calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
.
Control white calf .
79
80
418
82
83
425
1
2
433
3
4
1
5
6
11
Not pronounced .
Do. . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature .
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Do. .
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died . .
Do. . .
Recovered.
Died . .
Do. . .
Do. . .
Died .
Died .
Recovered.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinderpest.
Very good lesions in the Pharynx
Small-Intest. Peyers' Patches,
Ileo-cæcal valve, cæcum and
colon.
Ova of strongyles and amœba
present. P. M. Lesions : Typi-
cal of Rinderpest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rin-
derpest. 4th day evening Tem-
perature : 106.6° F.
P. M. lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
12
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
34
35
36
37
38
Kind of animal
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do. . . .
Control white calf .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
No
7
8
14
9
10
22
12
13
32
14
15
39
16
17
49
Reaction
Not pronouced . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Non-reactor . .
Result
Died . .
Do. .
Do.
Died .
Recovered.
Do.
Recovered .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered .
Do.
Do.
Died .
Do. .
..
Remarks
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest. Good lesions in the Abom-
asum.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Non-reactor—Retested with bull
virus also.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
13
39
40
41
42
43
44
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
18
19
58
20
21
68
22
23
76
24
25
83
26
27
89
29
30
94
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . .
Vesicles and Diarrhœa
Not pronounced .
Temperature .
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Died .
Do. .
Recovered .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
P. M. Lesions: Rinderpest with
Pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Microfiloria appeared on the 7th
day.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. Lesions : Rinderpest with
Pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Rinderpest with
Pneumonia.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Rinderpest.
14
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
45
46
47
48
Kind of animal
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Control buff. calf . .
No.
31
32
100
33
34
106
35
36
111
38
118
Reaction
Diarrhœa . . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Result
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Remarks
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do. .
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
Do.
Very good lesions in small Intes,
Peyers' Patches Ileo-Cæcal valves
cæcum and colon.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS
15
49
50
51
52
53
54
Goat . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
39
121
42
127
43
44
134
45
46
140
47
48
148
49
50
153
Temperature . .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Diarrhœa . .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Recovered .
Do.
Died .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Aborted a foetus on the 8th day.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
P. M. : Rinderpest.
P. M. : Rinderpest with Pneu-
monia.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
P. M. : Rinderpest with Pneu-
monia.
P. M. : Rinderpest.
P. M. : Rinderpest with Pneu-
monia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
C
16
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, I
TABLE I—contd.
Passage
Number
55
56
57
58
59
Kind of animal
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
No.
51
52
157
55
56
163
59
60
167
63
64
176
67
68
180
Reaction
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Do. .
Do. .
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Do. .
Temperature, Diarrhœa
and Vesicles.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature . .
Temperature
and
Vesicles.
Not pronounced .
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Result
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Recovered.
Remarks
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest
P. M. : Rinderpest.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest complicated with pneumonia.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RINDERPEST VIRUS IN GOATS.
17
60
61
62
63
64
65
Goat . . .
Do. . . .
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat
.
.
.
.
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
Goat . . .
Do.
.
.
.
Control buff. calf . .
71
72
184
75
76
191
79
80
196
83
84
200
88
87
209
91
92
216
Temperature and
Diarrhœa.
Do.
.
Temperature, Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Temperature and
Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced
.
Temperature. Vesicles
and Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa .
.
.
Temperature . .
Temperature and
Diarrhœa.
Diarrhœa
. .
Not pronounced
.
Temperature
and
Diarrhœa.
Temperature
.
.
Diarrhœa . .
Not pronounced
.
Temperature and
Diarrhœa.
Not pronounced .
Temperature and
Diarrhoea.
Died .
Do. .
Recovered .
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
Died .
Do.
Recovered.
Died .
Do. .
Do. .
P. M. Lesions : Typical of Rinder-
pest.
Do.
5th day morning temperature 106°F
P. M. : Rinderpest with Pneu-
monia.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. : Rinderpest.
Do.
Do.
P. M. : Rinderpest.
Do.
Aborted on the 5th day.
P. M. : Typical of Rinderpest.
Do.
Do.