67
The following table shows the number and ratios of the corpuscular constituents of the blood of
Horse No. CXIX during the period it was subjected to treatment, and the amount of the drug
administered:—
TABLE No. XX.
Horse No. CXIX.- Herati gelding, aged 8 years. Surra diagnosed 4th December 1894.
Day of Month.
1894.
December 6th...
14th...
„
23rd...
31st...
1895.
January
9th...
„
18th...
„
26th...
February 3rd...
11th...
19th...
27th...
March
9th...
„
18th .
„
26th...
April
3rd...
12th..
„
23rd..
July
2nd..
Day
of
Disease
4
12
21
29
38
47
55
63
71
79
87
97
106
114
122
131
142
212
Day of
Treat
ment.
1st
9th
18th
26th
35th
44th
52nd
60th
68th
76th
84th
94th
103rd
111th
119th
128th
139th
209th
Total
amount
of Arsenic
up to each
date.
Grains.
...
52
147
208
334
415
463
501
527
563
655
670
772
772
790
868
957
2,119
Red blood
Corpuscles
1 c.mm.
7,400,000
7,910,000
8,070,000
7,860,000
7,970,000
9,960,000
6,200,000
6,740,000
6,680,000
6,200,000
6,940,000
6,500,000
7,930,000
5,420,000
6,640,000
8,350,000
7,500,000
Death
White blood
Corpuscles
1 c.mm.
10,000
9,600
7,800
3,600
4,400
8,600
3,800
4,800
5,800
11,200
5,800
12,200
5,600
7,000
3,800
9,800
9,600
occurred
Coarsely
Granular
Corpuscles
1 c.mm.
...
50
600
600
800
1,000
200
200
130
70
...
...
...
400
200
20
...
Ratio White
to Red
Corpuscles.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
: 740
: 824
: 1,034
: 2,183
: 1,811
: 926
: 1,631
: 1,404
: 1,152
:
620
: 1,196
: 533
: 1,416
: 774
: 1,747
: 852
: 781
Ratio
Coarsely
Granular
to White
Corpuscles.
...
1 : 192
1 : 13
1 :
6
1 :
5
1 :
8
1 : 19
1 : 24
1 : 44
1 : 160
...
...
...
1 : 17
1 : 19
1 : 490
Ratio
Coarsely
Granular
to Red
Corpuscles.
1 :158,200
1 : 13,450
1 : 13,100
1 : 9,962
1 : 7,960
1 : 31,000
1 : 33,700
1 : 51,384
1 ; 88,571
...
...
...
1 : 13,550
1 : 33,200
1 :417,500
Hæmatozoa
in
1 c.mm.
5,600
Absent.
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1,960
Absent.
...
...
...
...
...
736
(ii) Animals inoculated by Gastric ingestion of soiled blood.
Two horses, an Australian and a Country-Bred, both aged animals, were utilized in this experiment.
Surra was communicated to them by the gastric ingestion of soiled blood. When the hæmatozoon
became manifest, the animals, within a period of 24 hours, were submitted to a treatment consisting
of Arsenic in increasing doses, in the form of Liquor Arsenicalis. The Country-Bred succumbed to
Surra on the 16th day of the disease, after a total of 178 grains of Arsenic had been administered, but
the Australian recovered, and after a period of 15 months was utilized for a further experiment. The
following is a short account of the case : —
Horse No. LXXXIX.—An Australian gelding, aged, was sent, in company with Horse No. XCI,
to the Veterinary College Hospital, Parel, for the purpose of testing whether Surra could be commu-
nicated by gastric ingestion of rat's excrement with corn. The experiment was commenced on
May 6th, 1893, and continued until September 26th, 1893, when the animal was returned to Poona, not
having contracted the disease. As Horse No. XCI, which had been subjected to the same treatment,
developed Surra the day after its arrival in Poona, the blood of No LXXXIX was microscopically
examined, and the temperature, pulse and respiration recorded daily, in order to observe whether the
animal would eventually develop any symptoms. As, however, the animal remained in good health
up to 24th November, four ounces of blood containing swarms of hæmatozoa, taken from the heart of
Horse No. XCVII, immediately after death, were administered by gastric ingestion, at 3 P.M. on the
above date. The latent period occupied six and a half days. Treatment was commenced within some
hours, consisting of Arsenic in grain iv doses, increasing rapidly to twelve grains daily. After a
paroxysm lasting 5 days, during which period the hærnatozoa were very numerous, they disappeared
from the blood. The Arsenical treatment was continued for sixty-five days, 454 grains of Arsenic
being administered. At this period of the case the animal showed an aversion to the Arsenic in this
form. For this reason, and as previous experience pointed to the fact that this chemical by itself did.
not in some cases destroy the resting or immature form of the hæmatozoon, the Double Iodide of
Arsenic and Mercury was substituted, as it was known that the Iodide of Mercury does not form an
albuminate, and consequently the whole of the salt would be available. The Iodides were continued
for a period of 106 days, in order to ensure the absolute destruction of the immature form. In all
1,822.75 c. c. or 288 grains each of the Tri-iodide of Arsenic and Bin-iodide of Mercury were given.
Thirty-three weeks after the medicine had been discontinued the animal was in good health and con-
dition, and no hæmatozoa had appeared in the circulation for 423 days or over 15 months. For six
and a half months during this period the animal averaged four and a half miles walking exercise
daily. As the animal did not thrive on gram, barley (boiled) was given in its place, with the most
satisfactory results ; the horse rapidly put on flesh. At a later date this animal was utilized to discover
whether one attack of Surra protects against a second attack of the same disease.