NationalLibraryOfScotland/medical-history-of-british-india huggingface dataset:
VACCINATION AND DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA.
5
STATEMENT II.
Expenditure on vaccination.
38. The total expenditure on vaccination in Native States was
R31,750-0-10
as
compared
with
R32,102-12-2 in 1912-13, a decrease of
R352-11-4 which is due to decreased travelling allowances to vaccinators.
The average cost of each successful vaccination in different States varied from
10 pies in Sirohi to 284 pies in Jaisalmer.
39. The following table shows the number of towns and villages inspected
and successful vaccination seen by Residency or Agency Surgeons in Native
States:—
Designation.
The Agency Surgeon, Eastern Rajputana States . . .
The Agency Surgeon, Kotah and Jhalawar
.
.
.
.
The Residency Surgeon, Western Rajputana States . .
The Principal Medical Officer, Bikaner State . . . . .
The State Surgeon, Alwar . . . . . .
The Residency Surgeon, Mewar . . . . . .
The Residency Surgeon, Jaipur
.
.
.
.
.
The Agency Surgeon, Kherwara, and Medical Officer, Dungarpur
Number of towns
and villages
inspected.
553
412
251
24
522
199
47
7
Number of
successful vacci-
nation cases seen.
6,552
5,002
4,981
4,909
4,813
3,111
2,102
189
40. The Native Superintendents of Vaccination or other inspecting
officers inspected 110,850 vaccinations against 115,180 in 1912-13. The per-
centage of inspected cases found successful in total number seen in 1913-14 was
98.50 against 98.40 in 1912-13.
41. Lymph is kept up throughout the year in most of the important
States by arm to arm vaccination ; glycerinated vaccine lymph was obtained
during the year from the Government Bovine Lymph Depôts and was
generally successful.
42. The Residency Surgeon, Jaipur, writes that Calf Vaccine Lymph was
manufactured at the Mayo Hospital Bacteriological Laboratory, Jaipur, and
the result was good, as 871 vaccinations were done with vaccine paste prepared
from buffalo calf out of which 767 were successful. With a small extra cost
it could be supplied all over the district to do away with arm to arm
vaccination.
SECTION II.—DISPENSARIES.
STATEMENT A.
Number of Dispensaries.
43. During the year there were 174 Hospitals and Dispensaries in
Rajputana against 175 in the previous year. The Dispensary at Deolia in
Ajmer was closed on the 1st January 1913, owing to want of funds and support
from the local Istamrardars.
44. The Dispensaries are classified as under :—
I.
II.
V.
State Public
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
State Special
.
.
.
. . . .
Private non-aided, i.e., Native States .
.
. .
TOTAL .
8
12
154
174
6
DISPENSARIES IN RAJPUTANA.
45. The Southern Rajputana States Agency Hospital, which was shown
formerly as a Native State institution, has now become a Government one.
46. Besides these there are now seven Mission Hospitals and eight Rail-
way Dispensaries.
Improvements and additions to Hospitals and
Dispensaries.
47. The construction of a new dispensary building at Kishanganj has been
sanctioned by the Kotah Durbar and
material is being collected for the same.
48. Udaipur.—Some minor improvements have been carried out in the
Lansdowne Hospital, Udaipur. The Hospital has been furnished with some
more modern surgical instruments and appliances. A scheme for the erection
of a new up-to-date Hospital outside the city, in place of the present Lansdowne
Hospital, is still under the consideration of the Mewar Durbar.
49. Jaipur.—The sum of R5,152 was spent in effecting improvements and
additions to the buildings of the Mayo Hospital, Jaipur, and the Curzon Wyllie
Memorial Wards.
STATEMENT B.
Attendance at Hospitals.
50. During the year 1913 the number of patients treated at State public,
State special, and private non-aided, i.e., Native State Dispensaries and
Hospitals, amounted to 1,470,483 against 1,500,960 in 1912 which shows a
decrease of 30,477 owing to the healthiness of the year. The total in-door
attendance fell from 19,233 in 1912 to 18,664 in 1913, and the out-door atten-
dance decreased to 1,451,819 from 1,481,727 in 1912. The ratio of deaths per
cent. to total cases treated also fell to 2.99 in 1913 as compared with 3.31 in
the previous year.
STATEMENTS C (i) AND C (ii).
Diseases treated.
51. In Statement (i) the number of deaths under each head of diseases
treated in the in-door department is shown; 18,664 in-patients were treated
with a mortality of 550 against 19,233 in-patients and 636 deaths in 1912.
52. 153 normal confinements with no deaths and 123 abnormal con-
finements with 10 deaths were reported from the various hospitals, as compared
with 145 with 3 deaths and 88 with 6 deaths respectively in 1912.
53. 1,451,651 out-door patients treated in 1913 are shown in Statement
C (ii) against 1,481,727. The cases treated in the hospitals and dispensaries in
Rajputana under each chief disease during the year 1912 and 1913 are as
follows : —
Diseases.
Malarial fever
.
.
.
.
.
.
Diseases of the eye
.
.
.
.
.
.
Dysentery and Diarrhœa
.
.
.
.
.
.
Ulcers . . . . . . .
Skin diseases
.
.
.
.
.
Syphilis
.
.
.
.
.
Injuries
.
.
.
.
..
Tubercle of the lung . . . .
Abscess of the liver
.
.
.
.
1912.
187,071
231,917
51,706
151,138
232,935
19,251
36,531
1,217
274
1913.
182,189
233,635
47,208
137,390
213,328
17,361
41,453
1,577
193
DISPENSARIES AND PLAGUE IN RAJPUTANA.
7
Scurvy.
54. 939 cases of scurvy were treated against 955 in 1912 and 1,503 in
1911.
Leprosy.
55. 454 Lepers received treatment as compared with 487 in 1912 and 436 in
1911. Leprolin is in use in a few places and Nastin continues to be used; no
special reports were received this year.
Plague.
56.During the year from 1st April 1913 to 31st March 1914, 2,286 cases of
plague and 1,885 deaths were reported and 103 towns and villages were
infected in the Native States in Rajputana as compared with 6,037 attacks and
5,672 deaths and 83 towns and villages in 1912-13. The District of Ajmer-
Merwara remained free from the disease throughout the year. The percentage
of total plague deaths to population was 1.37 against 1.36 in the previous year
(vide table attached).
57. Plague existed in Rajputana throughout the year and is still
prevalent. The epidemic affected 7 Native States as compared with 9 States in
the previous year.
58. Bharatpur.—Plague prevailed in this State from the preceding year
until July 1913 and again from October to the close of the year. There were
965 seizures and 752 deaths reported in 52 towns and villages.
59. In April 1913 two cases and one death occurred in Bharatpur City,
one of them was imported from Muttra.
60. Karauli.—One case was imported into the Karauli City and proved
fatal.
61. Jaipur.—The disease lingered in this State until July 1913. It
reappeared from September to 26th November and again from 3rd January
1914: in all there were 674 cases and 619 deaths; of these 41 attacks and 39
deaths were in the city and Plague Camp Hospital between the 1st April to the
8th May 1913.
62. Alwar.—There was practically no plague in the State up to September ;
early in this month an outbreak was reported from the Govindgarh town. 603
cases and 475 deaths were reported in 17 affected towns and villages. 660
inoculations were performed; of these 550 were done at Malakhera and 110 in
Luchmangarh town.
63. Kotah.—Plague broke out at Keshaopura village in the Itawa Nizamat
in the beginning of September ; 25 cases occurred of which 24 proved fatal.
64. There was no indigenous plague during the year in Marwar or the
Sirohi State: 14 imported cases with 13 deaths were reported in 5 towns and
villages of the former and 4 imported cases were detained in the plague obser-
vation camp at Abu Road in the latter State.
65. Evacuation has been very readily carried out in infected towns and
villages and is undoubtedly the great weapon of defence. The people them-
selves have learned by experience the value of this protective measure.
66. As the plague outbreak in Rajputana was comparatively slight, no
map has been attached with this report.
Snake poisoning.
67. Calmette's Anti-venene is kept in stock in most main dispensaries
and used for the treatment of snake poisoning when opportunity offers.
STATEMENT F.
68. Shows the classes and sexes of both in-door and out-door patients
treated in the dispensaries of Ajmer-Merwara and of Native States. This calls
for no comment as it is merely introduced for statistical purposes.
8
DISPENSARIES AND PLAGUE IN RAJPUTANA.
STATEMENT G.
69. The number of surgical operations performed during the year in
Ajmer-Merwara and in Native States was 72,193 against 72,940, or a decrease
of 747. The number of patients operated on was 71,792 as compared with
72,763 in 1912. The number cured amounted to 70,490, the number relieved
687, discharged otherwise 290, and died 114; against 71,691, 518, 190, and 102
in 1912 ; while 311 remained under treatment at the end of the year.
70. Of the operations performed 2,315 were extractions of the lens for
Cataract of which 2,086 or 90.11 per cent. proved successful, 68 Lithotomies,
168 Litholapaxies and 201 Amputations against 2,331 extraction of the lens
for Cataract, 42 Lithotomies, 146 Litholapaxies and 177 Amputations in 1912.
71. 471 abdominal operations were performed, of which 342 were Para-
centesis of Abdomen, with 15 deaths, and 13 Abscess of the Liver with 3
deaths.
72. 1,809 operations were done at the Victoria Hospital, Ajmer, with 4
deaths as compared with 1,637 with 3 deaths in 1912; of these 78 were Extrac-
tion of the lens for Cataract, 31 Iredectomies, 7 Lithotomies, 13 Litholapaxies,
12 Radical cure of Hernia, 4 Abdominal Sections and Laparotomies and 16
Amputations.
73. There were 2,171 operations performed in the Mayo Hospital, Jaipur,
with 23 deaths.
74. The operation work was distributed as follows :—
Lieutenant-Colonel J. Fisher, D.S.O., I.M.S. . . . . . .
Assistant Surgeon Daljang Singh Khanka . . . . . . .
Assistant Surgeon Panna Lal Das
.
.
.
.
.
.
Miss L. Sykes, M.D. . . . . . .
Other members of the staff
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
823
573
11
427
337
The following special treatments were reported.
75. Lieutenant-Colonel J. Fisher, D.S.O., I.M.S., Residency Surgeon,
Jaipur, reports that "the treatment of tubercular diseases by means of Tuber-
culin met with greater appreciation and success. The following table shows
the different varieties of this disease treated :—
Tubercular disease of bones and joints
.
.
.
.
„
„
„ glands
.
.
.
.
.
„
„
„ lungs
.
.
.
.
.
.
„
„
„ abscesses
.
.
.
.
.
.
„
„
„ ulcers
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL .
28
42
38
5
3
116
Patients seem to appreciate the benefits derived by inoculation and have
little prejudice against it."
76. Major C. M. Goodbody, I.M.S., Director, Medical Department,
Bikaner State :—
" Cataract.—163 Cataracts were extracted of which 128 were by Smith's
method—loss of Vitrens occurred in 34 cases, one drop in 28, slight in 5 and
large in one—all these cases had good vision. Of all cataract operations good
vision was recorded in all but two. There was no case of suppuration."
" Other cases.—Two exploratory laparotomies were done, both for malig-
nant tumour which proved to be inoperable."
"Over 100 cases of Corneal opacities with pannus have been treated with
injections of Cyanide of Mercury (1 in 4,000) with very good results on the
whole."
" Neosalvarsan has been used frequently in the treatment of Syphilis
with no bad effects and some most striking results."
10
DISPENSARIES AND PLAGUE IN RAJPUTANA.
Mission Hospitals.
86. During the year there were seven Mission Hospitals in Rajputana, the
same as in 1912.
87. The following table shows the total number of in and out-door
patients treated and operations performed in these institutions in 1913:—
Names of Hospitals.
Ajmer (Male) .
Ajmer (Female) .
Nasirabad . .
Tonk and Deoli .
Udaipur
.
.
Jaipur. .
Piploda . .
Jodhpur
.
.
TOTAL .
OUT-DOOR PATIENTS.
Old.
71,071
11,386
28,323
3,337
30,460
7,073
6,440
59,245
217,335
New.
13,857
7,730
11,604
1,923
14,056
2,666
3,405
10,263
65,504
Total.
84,928
19,116
39,927
5,260
44,516
9,739
9,845
69,508
282,839
In-patients.
64
839
294
7
347
25
...
118
1,194
Operations.
2,590
330
1,430
69
1,326
78
89
1,046
6,958
REMARKS.
1,343 were visited at
their homes.
446 were visited at their
homes.
323 were visited at their
homes.
271 were visited at their
homes.
88. It should be noted that these medical statistics are for the Mission
financial year from 1st October 1912 to 30th September 1913.
89. Ashapura Dispensary appears to have been closed during the year.
Tonk and Deoli Dispensary was opened for four months only.
Railway Hospitals.
90. There were 499 in and 31,459 out-door patients treated and 922
operations performed during the year in the eight Railway dispensaries on the
Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway within the limits of Rajputana as
per details below:—
Station.
Rajputana-Malwa
Railway.
Ajmer . . . .
Phulera
.
.
.
.
Bandikui.
.
.
.
Sojat Road . . . .
Abu Road . . . .
Nagda- Muttra Railway.
Kotah Junction . .
Gangapur . . . . .
TOTAL .
NUMBER OF PATIENTS-TREATED.
In-door.
165
88
95
...
90
46
15
499
Out-door.
9,752
6,386
6,283
1,507
2,613
1,917
3,001
31,459
Total.
9,917
6,474
6,378
1,507
2,703
1,963
3,016
31,958
Operations
performed.
244
218
77
121
189
37
36
922
REMARKS.
91. Six hundred and seventy-seven patients were visited at their homes
at Ajmer by the Railway Medical Staff.
12
JAILS AND MEDICAL STAFF IN RAJPUTANA.
105. Pneumonia spread epidemically in this Jail. There were 18 seizures
during the quarter ending 31st December 1913. Nearly all the cases occurred
amongst prisoners working on the grinding mills.
106. Bikaner.—The total number of admissions into hospital rose from 2
to 39, the daily average sick from 0.17 to 1.90, the mortality from 2 to 4 and the
death rate per mille from 9.24 to 16.19.
107. Kotah.—There were 162 admissions to the Jail hospital in 1913 out of
an average daily strength of 343.85. The mortality and death rate fell from 18
and 49.21 in 1912 to 7 and 20.36 in 1913.
Qualified Medical Staff.
108. Lieutenant-Colonel R. C. MacWatt, I.M.S., Civil Surgeon, Ajmer,
and Chief Medical Officer in Rajputana, held visiting medical charge of the
Bikaner State in addition to his own duties from 25th March to 24th Septem-
ber 1913 while Major C. M. Goodbody, I.M.S., Principal Medical Officer in
the Bikaner State, was on six months' combined leave to Europe.
109. Lieutenant-Colonel W. H. B. Robinson, I.M.S., on return from
combined leave resumed charge of the duties of Civil Surgeon, Ajmer, and Chief
Medical Officer in Rajputana, on the 7th November 1913, from Lieutenant-
Colonel R. C. MacWatt, I.M.S., who was posted as Agency Surgeon, Eastern
Rajputana States, Bharatpur, from that date, vice Major J. W. Watson, I.M.S.,
transferred to Bhopal in Central India.
110. Mr. D. G. Newland, L.R.C.P. & S., Edinburgh, was on plague duty
at Abu Road throughout the year.
Military Assistant Surgeons.
111. Assistant Surgeon R. J. K. Stone, Indian Subordinate Medical Depart-
ment, on return from privilege leave
resumed charge of the Northern India
Salt Revenue Dispensary at Sambhar on the forenoon of the 5th March 1913
from C. H. F. Quick, Indian Subordinate Medical Department, who reverted to
his military appointment at Meerut.
Civil Assistant Surgeons.
112. There were five Government Assistant Surgeons, two employed in the
Ajmer-Merwara District, one at Jaipur,
one at Khetri and one at Bharatpur.
Military Sub-Assistant Surgeons.
113. There were ten Military Sub-Assistant Surgeons employed with the
Imperial Service Corps in Rajputana as in
the previous year with the following
regiments :—
Alwar 1st Lancers
.
.
.
.
.
.
Alwar Fateh Paltan
.
.
.
.
.
.
Bharatpur Transport . . . . . .
Bharatpur Infantry
.
.
.
.
.
.
Jaipur Transport
.
.
.
.
Bikaner Camel Corps
.
.
.
.
2
2
2
2
1
1
Civil Sub-Assistant Surgeons.
114. During the year four Sub-Assistant Surgeons were absorbed in the
Central Provinces and one in Burma from
the Native States as noted below :—
Central Provinces.
Bharatpur . . . . . . . .
Native State Reserve List of Rajputana
.
.
.
.
.
3
1
Burma.
Bharatpur . . . . . . . .
1
115. At the close of the year there were 171 Government Sub-Assistant
Surgeons on the rolls against the sanctioned strength 176, there being five
JAILS AND MEDICAL STAFF IN RAJPUTANA.
13
vacancies, four on the Native State Reserve List and one in Marwar. Out of
176 Sub-Assistant Surgeons 23 were permanently on the Government List and
153 were working in the Native States.
Lady Doctors.
116. There were four Lady Doctors employed in the following Native
States against five in the previous
year:—
Kotah
.
.
.
.
.
.
Jodhpur . . . . .
Tonk . . . . . .
Jaipur . . . . . .
1
1
1
1
117. Lady Doctor Miss T. Canagasby, in charge Walter Female Hospital at
Udaipur, resigned her appointment in April 1913.
Female Sab-Assistant Surgeons.
118. There were eight female Sub-Assistant Surgeons attached to the
following Hospitals and Women's Wards
against 9 in 1913 :—
Alwar, Dufferin Hospital
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Jodhpur, Jaswant Hospital for women
.
.
.
.
Jodhpur, Hewson Hospital
.
.
.
.
.
Kotah, Victoria Jubilee Hospital . . . . .
Tonk, Walter Female Hospital . . . .
Bikaner, Bhagwandass Hospital . . .
Beawar Dispensary . . . . . . .
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
FEMALE HOSPITALS AND DAI CLASS.
119. Ajmer.—No Sub-Assistant Surgeon has yet been appointed to the
medical charge of the female wards of the Victoria Hospital, Ajmer, for want
of funds. Two Lady Doctors superintend the Mission Hospital for women
where many patients are treated.
120. Beawar.—Sub-Assistant Surgeon Pandita Sunder Lali was in charge
of the Female Ward of the Charitable Dispensary at Beawar up to 30th April
1913 when she resigned her post, Sub-Assistant Surgeon Miss Q. Houlton was
appointed and put in charge of the Ward on the 14th September 1913.
121. Native States.—The returns received from the Women's Hospitals in
the Native States of Rajputana show on the whole a considerable decrease of
work done during the year which is probably due to the healthiness of the year
and the absence of female aid in several institutions.
122. Jodhpur.— Miss B. G. C. Griffen, M.B., B.C.H., B.A.O. (Dublin), has
been in charge of the Jaswant Hospital for women at Jodhpur throughout the
year. There were 100 in and 3,523 out-door patients treated against 74 in and
3,337 out-door patients in the previous year, an increase of 212.
123. Kotah.—Miss J. Newton, L.R.C.P. & S. (Edinburgh) and L.F.P.S.
(Glasgow), has been in charge of the Victoria Jubilee Hospital at Kotah
throughout the year. There is a considerable decrease in the number of out-
door patients treated which is due to the fact that the Lady Superintendent
was temporarily absent for some time.
124. "A Dai Class was started by the Lady Superintendent in April
1913, with an admission of 4 pupils : all 4 came from the Kotah districts.
After a month's training one of them was found not a promising pupil, so she
was sent back to her home. Three continued on, and after a course of 4 months'
training they were examined by the Agency Surgeon, and all the 3 passed
with credit and received certificates to practise as Dais."
125. Tonk.—Miss K. Reed, L.R.C.P. & S. (Edinburgh), L.F.P.S. (Glasgow),
and L.M.R.C.P. & S. (Ireland), has been in charge of the Walter Zenana
Hospital at Tonk throughout the year. 230 in and 6,936 out-door patients
were treated as compared with 240 in and 7,693 out-patients in the previous
JAILS AND MEDICAL STAFF IN RAJPUTANA.
15
at Udaipur has been placed under the medical charge of the Civil Sub-Assistant
Surgeon in charge Jail Hospital there.
LUNATICS.
139. Ajmer.—There were 4 lunatics in the Central Jail, Ajmer, on 1st
January 1913 and 21 were admitted during the year, a total of 25 : of these
7 were transferred to the Lahore Lunatic Asylum, 1 to Yeravda Asylum,8
were made over to their friends, 6 were discharged as cured and 1 died and 2
removed at the close of the year.
140. Native States.—158 lunatics were treated in 1913, of whom 31 were
cured, 23 made over to their friends, 3 transferred to the Agra Lunatic Asylum
(from Bharatpur), 9 died, 1 relieved and 91 remained under treatment, chiefly
in the Jaipur Lunatic Asylum.
W. H. B. ROBINSON, Lieut.-Col,
I.M.S.,
Chief Medical Officer in Rajputana.
AJMER, the 22nd May 1914.
16
PLAGUE IN RAJPUTANA.
Table showing the severity of the epidemics in certain Native States and Ajmer-Merwara District as well as the rapidity of its spread in recent years and the percentage of
total plague deaths to population since 1896.
Serial Number.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Name of District or State.
Kotah
.
.
.
.
.
Jhalawar . . . . .
Mewar
.
.
.
.
.
Banswara
.
.
.
.
.
Partabgarh . . . . .
Dungarpur
.
.
.
.
.
Sirohi
.
.
.
.
.
.
Marwar
.
.
.
.
.
Ajmer-Merwarra
.
.
.
.
Shahpura
.
.
.
.
.
.
Tonk
.
.
.
.
.
Kishangarh
.
.
.
.
.
.
Jaipur . . . . .
Bikaner
.
.
.
.
.
.
Alwar
.
.
.
.
.
Bharatpur . . . . . . .
Karauli
.
.
.
.
.
.
Dholpur
.
.
.
.
.
.
Deoli
.
.
.
.
.
TOTAL .
PARTICULARS REGARDING EPIDEMIC
UP TO 31st MARCH 1912.
Years in which infected.
1904-07 and 1911-12
1903-06 and 1910-12
1898-1900 and 1901-12
1902-08
1899-1900,1903-08 and
1910-11.
1906-07 and 1911-12
1896-1912
1896-1912
1896-98,1899-1900 and
1901-12.
1903-08 and 1910-12
1902-12
1903-04 and 1909-11
1896-98,1899-1900 and
1901-12.
1901-02 and 1903-11
1901-12
1896-98 and 1903-12
1904-06 and 1908-11
1904-06 and 1910-12
1907-08 and 1909-11
...
TOTAL NUMBER OF
PLAGUE CASES AND
DEATHS REPORTED.
Cases.
449
1,062
24,258
958
2,526
2
1,172
10,936
13,924
1,883
7,245
75
42,937
175
28,444
29,185
394
604
112
166,341
Deaths.
321
827
38,077
774
2,125
2
940
8,897
11,957
1,255
5,658
66
39,961
126
22,439
25,393
339
457
52
139,666
OUTBREAKS OF
Number of villages
and towns infected.
1
...
1
...
...
...
...
2
2
...
...
...
28
1
7
40
1
...
...
83
1912-13.
Cases.
3
...
6
...
...
...
...
4
19
...
...
...
4,880
18
135
971
1
...
...
6,037
Deaths.
3
...
6
...
...
...
...
2
13
...
....
...
4,772
18
84
774
...
...
...
5,672
Number of villages
and towns infected.
1
...
...
...
...
...
1
5
...
...
...
...
26
...
17
52
1
...
...
103
1913-14.
Cases.
25
...
...
...
...
...
4
14
...
...
...
...
674
...
603
965
1
...
...
2,286
Deaths.
24
...
...
...
...
...
1
13
...
...
....
...
619
...
475
752
1
...
...
1,885
TOTAL NUMBER OF
PLAGUE CASES AND
DEATHS.
Cases.
477
1,062
24,264
958
2,526
2
1,176
10,954
13,943
1,883
7,245
75
48,491
193
29,182
31,121
396
604
112
174,664
Deaths.
348
827
18,083
774
2,125
2
941
8,912
11,970
1,255
5,658
66
45,352
144
22,988
26,919
340
457
52
147,223
Population
according
to the census
of 1911.
639,089
96,271
1,293,776
165,463
62,704
159,192
189,127
2,057,553
501,395
47,397
303,181
87,191
2,636,647
700,983
791,688
558,785
146,587
263,188
5,205
10,705,422
Percentage
of total
plague
deaths to
population.
0.05
0.86
1.40
0.47
3.39
0.00
0.50
0.43
2.38
2.65
1.87
0.08
1.72
0.02
2.90
4.82
0.23
0.17
0.00
1.37