GOBIND SINGH THAPAR AND BIPIN BIHARI SINGHA 219
SUMMARY
The percentages of calcium and phosphorus in
the different milkings of a particular day in a cow
showed no variation.
There was practically no variation in the per-
centages of calcium and phosphorus in the course
of four weeks except in the premilkers or those
cows which reached or passed the peak period.
When the cow was in the peak period the per-
centages of calcium and phosphorus in the milk
decreased and when that period passed, the per-
centages of these elements in the milk increased.
When the yield was below 10 pounds, in the last
days of lactation, the percentage of CaO and P 2 O 5
increased.
In the premilk the percentage of phosphorus was
very high and that of calcium very low, so much so
that the ratio of CaO : P 2 O 5 attained a value as
high as 1 : 3.64 in the beginning.
The percentage of calcium in the premilk gradually
increased and continued to do so till a week or two
after calving when the tendency towards stabiliza-
tion appeared. On the other hand, the percentage
of phosphorus increased for some time, reached the
maximum before calving and then decreased. It
continued to do so for a week or so after calving and
then the tendency towards stabilization appeared.
The ratio of calcium to phosphorus was different
in individual cows.
REFERENCES
Forbes, E.B. et al. (1916). Mineral metabolism of milch cow.
Bull. Ohio agric. Exp. Sta. 295
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(1917). Bull. Ohio agric. Exp. Sta. 308
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(1918). Bull Ohio agric. Exp. Sta. 330
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(1922). Mineral metabolism of the milch
cow. J. biol. Chem. 52, 281
Hart, E. B., Steenbock, H, and Humphrey, G. C. (1908).
The role of ash constituents of wheat bran in the metabolism
of herbivora. Bull. Wis. agric. Exp. Sta. 5.
Hart, E. B. Steenbock, H., and Humphrey, G. C. (1920).
Influence of rations restricted to oat plant on reproduction
in cattle. Res. Bull. Wis. agric. Exp. Sta. 49
Hart, E. B., Steenbock, H., Hoppert, C. A. (1921). Dietary
factors influencing calcium assimilation, I. J. biol. Chem.
48, 33
Hart, E. B. et al. (1922). Dietary factors influencing calcium
assimilation, II. J. biol. Chem. 53, 21
—(1922).
J. biol. Chem. 54, 75
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Dietary factors influencing
calcium assimilation IV. J. biol. Chem. 58, 43
Kraut, H. (1856). Hennebergs Landwirthsch (1) 4, 112
Meigs, E. B., Blatherwich, N. R. and Cary, C. A. (1919).
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Pembarton, H. (1882). J. Franklin Inst. 113, 184
ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF A NEW GENUS OF AMPHISTOMES FROM THE
RUMEN OF CATTLE IN THE UNITED PROVINCES
By GOBIND SINGH THAPAR, M.Sc., PH.D.(LOND.) and BIPIN BIHARI SINGHA, D.Sc.(LUCK.), Helminthiasis
Scheme of the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research
(From the Department of Zoology, Lucknow University, Lucknow)
(Received for publication on 28 October 1944)
(With Plates XII and XIII)
IN the course of investigations by the authors on
the systematic survey of the helminth parasites of
the domesticated animals at Lucknow under a
Scheme sanctioned by the Imperial Council of
Agricultural Research, New Delhi, some amphistomes
were recovered by the authors, from the rumen of
buffaloes and cattle at the slaughterhouses at
Lucknow. A few specimens of the amphistomes
were also received from Etawah and Bareilly. These,
on closer examination, appear to be new to
science.
These amphistomes reveal certain points of great
systematic value which necessitates the revision of
our knowledge of this group of trematodes. While
reserving remarks on the classification to a subsequent
publication, the authors present here in the following
pages a detailed account of the anatomy of this
interesting form.
METHODS
The worms were fixed in corrosive sublimate
solution but some were flattened by pressure of
cover-glass for whole mounts. Several chemical
reagents were tried for the study of excretory and
the complicated lymphatic systems, but the following
method gave the best results. The worms, after
washing, were shaken vigorously in a saturated
solution of corrosive sublimate in water acidulated
by the addition of 3 per cent glacial acetic acid
and allowed to remain in this solution for a period
of over 18 hours. They were first washed in distilled
water for 15 minutes, then in tap water for 15-20
minutes and immediately placed in one per cent
aqueous solution of caustic potash for one hour.
They were again washed in water, dehydrated,
cleared and mounted. The excretory vessels and
their branches became black.