42
TABLE XIII.
Showing certain details concerning the ponies destroyed in Mandalay on account of Surra, together with the pathological
changes found in the stomach, and the weight of the principal organs in each case.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Description.
Gelding
Mare ..
Gelding
Grey gelding..
Bay mare
Chestnut geld-
ing.
Bay gelding ..
Bay gelding ..
Dun gelding .,
geldin
Chestnut
mare.
Bay gelding ..
Chestnut mare.
Bay gelding ..
Grey gelding..
Black gelding .
Height.
Ft. in.
12
12
11
12
11
12
11
12
11
12
12
11
12
12
12
12
2
0
2
1
2
2
3
2
0
0
1
3
1
0
0
0
Age.
Years.
8
13
13
8
11
10
11
10
8
14
8
5
7
6
8
11
Condition.
Excellent.
Poor
Fair
Do.
Excellent .
Fair
Do.
Very good.
Poor
Do.
Fair
Do.
Poor
Good
Fair
.....
Tempernture.
°F.
102.2
103.0
105.0
101.2
100.2
104.0
101.4
100.4
101.0
104.2
105.0
105.0
104.2
104.0
103.2
100.4
Hæma-
tozoa.
8 warm¬
ing.
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Few
..
Swarm-
ing.
Do. ..
Few
...
Do.
..
Swami-
ing.
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
Do. ..
..
Date of
Destruction.
1st August
1896.
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
.
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
..
3rd August
1896.
1st August
1890.
3rd August
1896.
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
..
Do.
..
Stomach.
Slight ulceration of
cuticular coat.
Do.
do.
Marked ulceration ..
Do.
Blight
ulceration,
pigmentation mark-
ed.
Marked ulceration ..
Ulceration moderate,
walla thick.
Ulceration
well
marked.
Ulceration
slight,
eroded patches.
Ulceration free, pig-
mented and circular
white patches.
Extensive ulceration.
Extensive ulceration
pigmented patches.
¾ cuticular coat ul-
cerated.
Considerable ulcera-
tion.
Blight ulceration
..
Do. Patches
of erosion.
Heart.
Lbs.
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
oz.
9
8
6
4
0
4
8
0
12
9
14
8
0
2
4
10
Liver.
Lbs.
6
7
7
7
7
6 4
8
6
8
7
8
9
8
8
6
9
oz.
12
12
6
12
14
12
8
8
14
8
6
15
0
11
10
Spleen.
Lbs.
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
oz.
0
8
6
10
0
0
8
12
0
14
0
12
10
3
10
8
Kidneys.
Ozs
12
14
16
14
13
14
14
13
14
14
13
14
14
14
14
15
13
12
each.
do.
do.
do.
right
left.
left.
right.
each.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
do.
Remarks.
No œdema and no urticaria.
Miliary calcareous deposits through-
out substance of liver. Petechia}
lying under the epicardium.
Few calcareous nodules in liver.
Heart hypertrophied with dilata-
tion.
Perihepatitis and calcareous de¬
posits throughout substance of
liver and both lungs.
Extensive endocardial ecohymoses.
Liver firm, but of a very pale
brownish yellow colour.
Œdema of sheath. Liver and spleen
enlarged, sub-capsular petechiæ
of latter organ. Sub-endocardial
eccbymoses.
Old endocarditis with thickening of
mitral valves.
Calcareous
deposits
numerous
throughout substance of liver and
both lungs.
Calcareous deposits numerous, lungs
and liver. Circumscribed collec-
tions of blood beneath capsule
of spleen. Sub-endocardial ecohy-
moses.
Sub-endocardial ecohymoses. Small
extravasations of blood under epi-
cardium.
Œdema of limbs and sheath. Heart
hypertrophied, old
endocarditis.
Old pleuritic adhesions. Large
cicatrix on left lung.
The stomach was in a terrible state,
ulcers large, all but perforation.
Sub-endocardial extravasation.
One ulcer 1½ inches in diameter
was surrounded by a broad band
of yellow pigment.
Stomach discoloured, many eroded
patches.
Spleen
sub-capsular
petechiæ.
Heart, soft, flabby, and walls much
thinned.
Veterinary-Captain Evans narrated the following account of an outbreak of Surra in a private
stable in Rangoon during his recent visit on deputation to Muktesar. As it is of such importance to
owners of equines in many districts of India where the disease is enzootic, I have added it to this
officer's notes on Surra previously recorded.
On September 17th, 1896, an outbreak of Surra occurred in the cantonment among the horses
belonging to a Civilian ; no case had been observed during the previous seven years in Rangoon, with the
exception of two or three animals which arrived from Upper Burmah with the disease ; in them the
malady was speedily diagnosed and the ponies destroyed. The animals kept by the above gentleman
consisted of selected Country-Breds, Burman ponies, and one Arab. The stables were pucca built and
the best in that part of Burmah, being situated on high ground in an open compound, seven and a half
acres in extent, and surrounded by a stone wall. The grass supplied to the animals was specially
brought in from high ground some five miles distant, whence it had been procured for some years past.
The water was obtained from a pucca well in the compound. The grain, " crushed food, " was the same
as that supplied to most stables in the station and procured from Calcutta.
The stable containing the Burmans and Arab were situated on the south side of the paddock, while
the Country-Breds were kept in a stable on the north side and in close proximity to the adjoining com-
pound, only a road intervening Eight animals died or had to be destroyed within 14 days on account
of having contracted Surra, and veterinary surgeons and owner were non-plused as to how the animals
could possibly have contracted the disease. Just at that time a break occurred in the rains and as
always happens under such circumstances, flies were very numerous and aggressive. A few days later
it came to notice that a pony was ill in the adjoining compound and on microscopical examination of
its blood the Surra hæmatozoon was found teeming. This animal received green grass as fodder, from
anywhere the grass-cutter could most easily obtain it. As all the animals, with the exception of the
Arab, were allowed to run free in the compound, it is therefore more than probable that flies were the
means by which the contagium of Surra was carried.
This outbreak only tends to emphasise the importance of recognising Surra at, the first possible
moment, in order that the subjects may be destroyed forthwith, and so do away with a focus for the
dissemination of the disease by flies.