208 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, II
animals ; (3) a certificate of health and of place of origin ; (4) regular and frequent visits
to the animals ; (5) the establishment of a frontier zone, ordinarily of a depth of 15 to 20
kilometres, on both sides of the frontier line ; (6) the obligation of veterinary authorities
to communicate mutually, within 24 hours, whenever any disease makes its appearance ;
(7) the reciprocation of information concerning the preventive measures applied and the
eventual extension of the frontier zone on the appearance of a particularly menacing
epizootic. The establishment of a frontier veterinary zone is necessitated by our
knowledge of the epizootics, namely, that direct contact is not the only method of pro-
pagation of contagious diseases, but that there are other methods to which the frontier
line does not always constitute a barrier. It would thus seem desirable to substitute
the notion of " frontier zone " for that of " frontier line " and constitute for it a new
mode of sani ary control, whilst the feudal spirit which expresses itself in the two
opposing manifestations, namely, the authorities of the custom house and contraband,
should make room for sanitary collaboration.
The establishment of a frontier veterinary zone alone, however, is not calculated
to solve the problem of sanitary protection, and the author stresses the desirability of
the unification of veterinary organizations and, particularly, the methods of combating
epizootics and suggests the institution of a frontier veterinary service in which each
agent will have a special sector in his charge.
While the unification of combative measures against all diseases, without exception,
is not possible, it is nevertheless feasible, under a European plan, to unify the zoo-
prophylactic measures against rabies, sheep-pox, dourine, rinderpest, rouget, anthrax,
blackquarter and cholera of birds.
The author deprecates merely formal collaboration amongst veterinary authorities
and refers to the need of creating an intimate liaison amongst them designed to ensure
concerted action in the application of combative measures against epizootics. [S. K. S.]
Etudes sur la pleuro-pneumonic infectieuse des chevres d'Anatolie
(Studies on the infectious pleuro-pneumonia of Anatolian goats)
KOLAYLI, C. and RAIF, M. in collaboration with ESIM, I, and ARAYICI E.
(1935), Rec. Méd.Vét CXI, 38, and Bull. Acad. Vét., VIII, 227.
The first article deals with the symptoms and lesions, bacteriology, and infectivity
of morbid materials and cultures.
Symptoms and lesions.—It is a disease of the winter and is characterised by
pyrexia, cough, nasal discharge, inappetence, conjunctivitis, abortions, pleuro-pncu-
monia usually more marked in the right than in the left lung and death. In advanced
cases areas of necrosis, which are not encapsulated appear in the lungs. Some goats
escape death and become dangerous as carriers.
Bacteriology.—A pasteurella is recoverable in pure culture from affected lungs from
the acute cases, and in admixture with contaminants from chronic cases, but not at all
from cases of the fulminating type. This organism, which the authors name B. bipolaris