BALWANT
SINGH
115
sted being farm-bred and therefore to be regard-
as inbred animals.
7. Kankrej. This breed resides in the country
th east of Kutch, extending from the south-
st corner of the Tharparker districts of Sind to
amedabad in Bombay and from Deesa in the east
Radhanpur State in the west, particularly along
e Banas and Saraswati rivers. They are fast and
werful draught cattle. In the past they have
en exported to South America and other tropical
untries in order to maintain the constitution of
e local cattle by introduction of Zebu blood.
me Kankrej has been said to be instrumental in
f
ormation of beef breeds in these countries.
hey are lyre-horned cattle. Cows are fairly
)d milkers. The Kankrej is a thoroughly well-
ablished breed which has been maintained pure
generations. They carry the head in a raised
osition, hence the name 'Proud Kankrej'.
he colour is generally grey to iron grey, growing
hite with age.
The blood-grouping experiments were conducted
the Northcote Cattle Farm at Chharodi. Most
the animals were farm-bred and may be regarded
inbred cattle for the purpose of this study.
8. Amritmahal. This is a breed of Mysore State,
here the animals are bred under Government
ontrol and their sale usually restricted. Subsist-
nce is entirely by forest grazing. They are
mong the best and fastest draught cattle in
ndia, and are particularly useful for army trans-
ort.
They have long and pointed horns arising close
ogether and extending backwards and upwards.
they belong to Ware's group IV. The colour
aries from light to deep iron-grey, with a darker
most black shade over the shoulders and hind
quarters in the case of bulls. Bullocks and es-
ecially older ones appear white, while the cows
re generally white or at times light grey. Calves
t birth are mostly red or light-red.
The tests were carried out at the Cattle-Breed-
ng Station, Ajjampur, Mysore State.
9. Kangayam. This is a breed of the south-
astern taluks of Coimbatore, Madras. Animals of
this breed are bred on scientific lines at the Live-
stock Research Station, Hosur. There is also a long-
astablished herd maintained by. a private breeder,
the Pattagar of Palayakottai. The breed is
Suitable for light plough and transport work and
economical to maintain. The cows are generally
oor milkers. The horns arise fairly close together
find extend slightly backwards and upwards.
The colour is generally light-grey but changes
to white with age. Bulls sometimes show iron-
grey patches over the front and hind quarters.
Calves when born are red but later change to
light-grey colour.
One hundred adults were tested at Hosur. Most
of them were farm-bred and are thus inbred for
the purpose of this work.
10. Ongole. The home of this breed is the Guntur
district and neighbouring area of Madras. It
is one of the large breeds of Indian cattle and
greatly resembles the Hariana. The animals
are, however, comparatively lethargic, and useful
for heavy plough and transport work. The cows
are fairly good milkers. They have short horns.
In colour, they are mostly white but a small pro-
portion are of a light grey colour. The bulls
generally show a light shade of grey over the
quarters. Ninety-six adults were tested at the
Livestock Research Station, Guntur. Most of
them were farm-bred and so inbred for our
purposes.
11. Dhanni. This breed lives in the northern
Punjab, in an area of undulating valleys at an
average altitude of 1,500 feet. The climate is
generally very cold during the winter and fairly
hot in summer. It is a fast and light plough
animal and fetches high prices. The cows are
generally poor milkers. The horns are short.
The coat colour of the body of the so-called pure
Dhanni-bred animal is white with black spots,
while the skin colour and tuft of the tail are in-
variably white. Ninety-nine animals were tested
at Chakwal, Daulatala and Gujarkhan. As
they had been collected from different sources,
they may be regarded as of divergent strain.
12. Friesian and Friesian-Sahiwal cross. Tests
on 86 animals were made at the Military
Farms at Sialkot and Lahore. Some were pure-
bred and recently imported from Europe, others
were pure Friesians born in India. The remainder
were crossed with Sahiwals. Results of the tests
have been given in Table IV. The frequency
of A and B groups in pure-bred Friesians is much
higher than usual,
13. Afghan. The original home of this breed
is Afghanistan. A few of these cattle were pre-
sented by the Afghan Government to H. E. the
Viceroy and have since been kept at the Imperial
Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, where
they have developed into a small herd. Nine-
teen cattle could be brought under experiment.
The results are given in Table V.