144
B.—PRECIS OF SPONTANEOUS CASES.
Dog (Mike).—Fox-terrier, aged three years. This animal was accustomed to run with the hounds
and, on 8th January 1893, was amongst the dogs bitten by a hyæna. It was not until the middle of
March that any symptoms of illness were noticed, but a few days later, opacity of both cornea was
noted, and on the 26th, in addition to marked fever, distressing dyspnœa, the animal was nearly blind,
and on 9th April succumbed. On the 8th and 9th of April, there were no hæmatozoa in the blood,
but on microscopical examination of the fluid from the anterior chambers of the eye, numerous large
well-developed hæmatozoa were discovered, in addition to specimens of a smaller species.
Autopsy, made directly after death ; the following conditions were noted :—
Body fairly well nourished.
Lungs.—Sub-pleural extravasations, some emphysematous patches.
Liver.—Large. Spleen.—Much enlarged, numerous sub-capsular petechiæ.
Kidneys.—Petechiated, &c.
Dog No. VI.—(Fox-terrier). Surra contracted spontaneously. This animal was observed to be
ailing for some days, previous to being sent to the Bombay Veterinary College, on the 13th July 1893. On
the 16th, the Surra hæmatozoon was observed in the blood on microscopical examination. On the
evening of the 16th, the animal was sent to Poona, and admitted to the Laboratory Hospital on the
morning of the 17th. From the 17th to the 25th July, on which latter date death took place, the
Surra Trypanosoma was present on each date with the exception of the 21st. Death, 11-20 A.M., 25th.
Autopsy,—immediately after death. Body well nourished. Œdema of the under-surface of the
abdomen and to a slighter degree of the extremities. Body-weight 3,738 grammes.
Thorax.—No fluid or adhesions of the pleuræ.
Lungs.—Well distended with air, surfaces petechiated.
Heart.—Weighs 46 grammes. No sub-endocardial petechiæ.
Abdominal Cavity.—Free from fluid.
Liver.—Enlarged, fairly healthy appearance.
Spleen.—Weighs 65 grammes, much increased in size, surface petechiated. On section, tissues
somewhat soft.
Kidneys.—Right weighs 16 grammes, Left 18 grammes. Surfaces of both organs petechiated.
Stomach, Intestines, Bladder.—Healthy.
C.—PRECIS OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS INOCULATED WITH BLOOD OBTAINED FROM SPONTANEOU
CASES IN THE DOG.
Horse No. XCIII.—An Australian Gelding, aged and lame, otherwise healthy. Inoculated sub-
cutaneously with 1.0 c.c. of blood, containing very numerous hæmatozoa, taken from Dog No. VI,
one and a half hours after death. Swelling occurred at the seat of inoculation. Period of incubation
occupied ten days. On the day following the injection of blood, a small swelling had appeared, which
within the next few days increased considerably in size and become tender and tense to the touch.
The swelling began to decrease in size on the 5th day, but the tenderness continued for some time
longer. The hæmatozoon was not observed in the blood until four days after the diminution in size of
the swelling (unusual). On the morning of the second day of the disease an urticarial eruption ap-
peared involving the skin on the inside of the left thigh.
This eruption persisted for eight days, and then three more before it finally disappeared. On the
fourth day of the latent period the temperature (37°C.) commenced to rise, and continued steadily in its
course for 53 hours, when it reached a maximum of 41.2°C. (106.16°F.) ; it then fell, and next morning
was 37.3°C. (99.14°F.), so that a fall of about 4°C. or7°F. occurred in nineteeen hours. During the next two
days the temperature remained low, so that the organisms appeared in the blood with a temperature of
37.2°C. The thermometric readings during the course of this case are very interesting, not only is
the relapsing type of fever well marked, specially at the termination of paroxysms III, IV and V, when
a maximum fall of 5.5°C. or nearly 10°F. took place, but in paroxysm I the temperature persisted high
for twenty-nine hours, clearly showing that Trypanosoma " per se " was not the cause of the persistent high
temperature, but that the accumulation of their metabolic (chemical) products in the blood must be the
cause (vide Chart, Appendix page 213). The animal lived thirty-four days after the appearance of the
disease, which was made up of six paroxysms lasting twenty days and five intermissions lasting fourteen
days.