S. N.
SAPRE
47
REFERENCES
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Evans, A. C. (1936). J. Bact. 32, 541
Haddow, J. R. and Iyer, G. (1939). Personal communi-
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Srinivasan M. K. and Choudhury, S. K. (1944—Personal
communication).
OBSERVATIONS ON THE LIFE-HISTORY OF
HAEMAPHYSALIS
BISPINOSA
NEUMANN*
By S. N. SAPRE, B. Sc., G. B. V. C., Research Scholar, Imperial Veterinary
Research Institute, Mukteswar
(Received for publication on 17 June 1944)
OBSERVATION on the life-history and
Bionomics of this parasite which is the
commonest one in Newzealand have so far
been made by Miller [1922] and Myers
[1923].
These workers have made their obser-
vations under field conditions without
keeping any record, whatsoever, of the
atmospheric conditions; and again their
observations are only in round and ap-
proximate figures. For example the para-
sitic periods in all the three stages namely
larvae, nymphs and adults, are recorded
as extending over one week, while the
non-parasitic periods in both the larval as
well as the nymphal stages are observed
as three weeks.
In the present communication, however,
it was proposed to study the life-history
in fuller details but unfortunately the
whole consignment procured for this pur-
pose from the Veterinary Assistant Sur-
geon, Sirsi, N. Kanara Dist. (Bombay
Province), was found to be parasitized by
the Encyrtid, Hunterellus hookeri (order
Hymenoptera) and only a few adults were
available for the purpose of this study.
The observations were started in May
1938, on the receipt of the consignment and
bullocks and goats were used for feeding
the ticks. In their non-parasitic stages,
the ticks were kept at a temperature of
I Oviposition. Seven gravid females
were available. The duration of oviposi-
tion ranged from 7 to 15 days, while the
period of survival of the female after
oviposition ceased was three to six days
The female lays from 784 to 1849 eggs
(average 1333.4).
II Egg stage. Only some 600 to 700
larvae emerged from the lot of about 9,000
eggs. The duration of the egg-stage as
calculated from the date of commencement
of oviposition to the date of emergence of
the first larva was on an average 30 days.
III Larval stage. Recently emerged
larvae, numbering about 675, divided into
several batches, were put on goats and
hill-bulls for feeding. Percentage reco-
veries of engorged larvae were as follows:
Goat
Bull
DAYS
4
1.5
5
5
4
22.5
6
54
48.5
7
29
8
8
0.5
1
9
..
..
10
..
1
* Paper read at the Indian Science Congress, Baroda
January 1942