252 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [VI, III
black alimentary debris. On histological examination, the indurated wall of
this ulcer revealed suppurating areas, with cryptococci located in the cells and
outside them. This reference constitutes the only record of the occurrence of
intestinal cryptococcosis in equines, excepting perhaps the cases of Cornish
Bowden [1904] and Descazeaux [1921] to be mentioned below.
Nocard and LeClainche [1896] state that the specific lesions may extend to
the larger bronchi and that occasionally they are found in the lung parenchyma
as well.
In Japan the condition had been known for years under the name " Japanese
Farcy " and Tokishige [1896] claims to have found it occurring in cattle besides
horses. He observes that in equines the lesions may be found in the lungs, liver,
spleen and bones, and that the lung lesions occur in the form of lobular pneumonia
with fairly frequent greyish nodules resembling those of glanders. It should be
noted here that Tokishige was the first worker to cultivate this organism and
to allocate it to the class Saccharomyces.
In India, this condition was first described by Moore [1896] under the name
ulcerative lymphangitis. In giving a detailed account of Moore's cases, Pease
[1897] also regarded them as identical with ulcerative lymphangitis. Lingard
[1901], the first worker to recognise the organisms in this country, was of the
opinion that the outbreaks of this condition at Karnal and Hapur originated from
some mules imported from Italy. With a view to determine the relative suscepti-
bility of each species he carried out, by the subcutaneous route, a series of experi-
mental inoculations on equines, bovines, buffaloes, sheep and goats with fresh
material from a clinical case. A few weeks after the inoculation, large lesions were
observed at and around the seat of inoculation in the horses and mules, and to a
smaller extent in bovines. None of the animals, however, was found to have
developed any internal lesions, when autopsied about two years later.
Pallin [1904], in his excellent treatise on this disease, states that usually the
lesions of epizootic lymphangitis are confined to the skin, but occasionally they
may occur on the mucous membranes and they may even extend to the internal
organs. The lesions may be found on any part of the body, but are frequently
associated with parts exposed to wounds from kicks, contusions and harness galls.
This worker further observes that in about 7 to 10 per cent of cases, the mucous
membrane covering the nasal chambers, air sinuses, the pharynx, larynx and the
upper third of the trachea and also the conjunctiva are affected. The mucosal
lesions, it is stated, are first noticed as small papules or pimples which rapidly
develop into vesicles and burst, forming well-defined ulcers with a raised edge and
a dug out centre. Pallin succeeded in proving that the disease is readily inocu¬
lable to horses, donkeys and mules, but he failed to reproduce the disease in cattle,
sheep, goats and guinea-pigs by inoculation. According to him, systemic distur-
bances rarely ensue in the early stages of the cutaneous form ; but in advanced
stages intermittent fever and a rapid fall in condition have been observed.