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nil ; fifth day morning temprerature 100.6°; nothing unusual in the blood, but some granule-cells,
evening temperature 101.8°, nothing but some plasmic particles : sixth day morning temperature
100.4°, nil, evening temperature 100.4°, nil; seventh day morning temperature 100°, nil, evening
temperature 101.8°, nil; eighth day morning temperature 99° and evening temperature 101°: ninth
day morning temperature 100°, nil, evening temperature 101°; tenth day morning temperature
100.4 and evening temperature 101°, nil; and for five days more temperature remained normal.
2. A larger monkey, healthy as regards temperature and blood, had injected minims xx of fresh-
drawn blood of rat containing many monads; evening temperature 101.6°, its blood unchanged ; second
day morning temperature 99°, nil, evening temperature 101°, nil; third day morning temperature 99°,
nil, evening temperature 101.6°, nil; fourth day morning temperature 100°, evening temperature 101°,
nil; fifth day morning temperature 100°, nil, evening temperature 101.6°, nil; seventh day morning
temperature 100°, nil, evening temperature 100.6°: eighth day morning temperature 99.4° and evening
temperature 100°, nil; for five days longer a normal temperature.
These observations were made by myself in the month of February.
(e) Experiments on equines :—These I was unable to carry out personally, but considering it
particularly desirable to ascertain if the seemingly harmless rat-infection could be communicated
to the horse, in which animal an apparently similar parasitism of the blood is attended with the symp-
toms of serious illness, I forwarded on different occasions, towards the close of 1885, several Bombay
rats, having the hæmatozoon in their blood, to my friend Mr. J. H. Steel, A. V. D., then at Poona
in the Deccan, with a request that he would be good enough to inoculate horses, as occasion offered,
with the blood of these rats in the same manner as had been successfully done in Burma with the
blood of equines suffering from the 'Surra' disease. And in January 1886, 1 received an interesting
record, from which the following extracts are made :—
(1) At midday infected rat's blood mixed with water was injected subcutaneously in the
region of the neck and also into the peritoneal cavity of a horse ; about 80 minims being inject-
ed at each site: at 2-20 P.M. temperature 101.9°, and no organism detectible in the horse's
blood : next day there was observed a diffuse painful hard swelling at both sites of injection
and the patient seemed a little feverish and excitable : these symptoms subsided and the animal
was subsequently lost sight of.
(2) An aged horse had inoculated subcutaneously some infected rat's blood mixed with
water: tumefaction occurred at the site of inoculation and no other result is mentioned.
(3) The blood of a rat mingled with lukewarm water was injected subcutaneously in a
mare and a pony. The mare received 80 minims in front of the right shoulder : on the follow-
ing day marked swelling was perceptible at the spot, which however speedily declined until
hardly perceptible on the ninth day : slight irregularities of the temperature were noted on two
occasions, and up to the nineteenth morning, when observation ceased, no spirilloid could be
found in the mare's blood, which had been daily inspected : some weeks later the animal conti-
nued in good health. The pony received at several punctures in the neck altogether about 90
minims of mixed rat-blood and water : and for the nineteen days ensuing there were noticed
only some slight perturbations of temperature, slight swelling at the sites of inoculation sub-
siding on the fourth day, and an absence on each day of any visible contamination of the blood
of the pony, which some weeks later continued in good health.
(4) A chesnut pony mare in good condition received in each jugular vein about 65 minims
of blood from a rat mixed with tepid water—this blood teeming with very active organisms : a
smart rise of temperature occurred seven hours afterwards; there was no local swelling, and no
parasite could be detected in the blood of the pony on the first, second, third, fourth, and sixth
day of experiment, nor at a later date was any positive result communicated.
Regarding these trials ending thus negatively, Mr. Steel remarks that "although the amount of
rat's blood used in each case has been very small, it is to be remembered that an equal amount of blood
from an infected mule would convey the ' Surra' disease to a healthy mule by either of the methods of
administration adopted."
(f) In September 1885, I made the following essays of intra-peritoneal inoculation, the sub-
cutaneous method having hitherto failed. Rat's blood containing numerous monads promptly taken
from the heart and diluted with an equal part of warmed salt solution was introduced by syringe
to the amount of 5 minims into the peritoneal cavity of a rabbit and a monkey whose blood was
previously ascertained to present normal aspect.
(1) Rabbit, young ; evening temperature 101.6°; second day morning temperature 101.4°;
no change in the blood twice examined, evening temperature 102.2°; animal seems irritated,
its blood unchanged ; third day morning temperature 100.4°, nil, evening temperature 102.6°,
nil: fourth day morning temperature 101.4°, nil, evening temperature 101°, nil, fibrine and
white cells scanty: fifth day morning temperature 100°, nil, evening temperature 101.4°, nil;
sixth day morning temperature 100°, nil, evening temperature 100° nil, animal lively ; seventh
day morning temperature 101°, nil, evening temperature 102°; eighth day morning temperature
100.6° nil, evening temperature 101.8°; ninth day morning temperature 100.4°, nil, evening
temperature 101.6°; tenth day morning temperature 100.4°, nil, evening temperature 100.4°;
eleventh day morning temperature 100.4°, nil, evening temperature 101.4°; twelfth day morning