Food Safety and Quality [electronic resource]: Trade Considerations /
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Paris : OECD Publishing,
1999.
Highly publicised outbreaks of food-borne diseases have put food safety at the heart of a topical debate. Demands for increased food safety regulation and stricter enforcement have gained momentum. In fact, consumer concerns go well beyond basic food safety. The quality of food and how it is produced, animal welfare, the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hormones and other growth promoters, cultural preferences, resource sustainability and protection of the environment have all become major issues in the public debate over regulation of the food industry. The issues are complex and the required policy response remains unclear. With the strengthening of international rules, increased trade in consumer food products and the growing use of biotechnology, trade conflicts over food regulatory issues and their reform could become more common. The economic stakes are high and such disputes are likely to remain a priority in the future trade agenda. This report examines the trade conflicts arising from food safety and quality issues. It summarises the key international agreements, illustrates the range and nature of current disputes, reviews the potential contributions of economic analysis to conflict resolution, and identifies areas requiring further analysis.
PART I. MONITORING AND EVALUATION -- 1. Economic and Agricultural Market Background -- -The Macroeconomic Environment -- OECD Countries -- Non-OECD Countries -- Agricultural Markets -- 2. Evolution of Agricultural Support -- -Highlights -- Level of Support in the OECD -- Levels of Support by Country -- Levels of Support by Commodity -- Medium-Term Outlook for Support -- 3. Evaluation of Agricultural Policy Developments -- Developments in Domestic Policies -- Food Safety and Other Issues -- 4. Update on Key Policy Issues -- -A New Round of Agricultural Trade Negotiations -- The Effects of Agricultural Support on Income Distribution -- Agriculture and Sustainable Development -- Food Safety and Biotechnology -- PART II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: -- 1. Agricultural Policy Developments -- -Australia -- Canada -- Czech Republic -- European Union -- Austria -- Belgium -- Denmark -- Finland -- France -- Germany -- Greece -- Ireland -- Italy -- The Netherlands -- Portugal -- Spain -- Sweden -- United Kingdom -- Hungary -- Iceland -- Japan -- Korea -- Mexico -- New Zealand -- Norway -- Poland -- Switzerland -- Turkey -- United States -- Web Sites for Further Information on Member Countries' Agricultural Policies -- 2. Developments in WTO and NAFTA Trade Dispute Settlement Procedures involving Agricultural Products -- -Recent Developments in the WTO -- WTO Trade Dispute Developments -- Requests for Consultations -- Panel Reports, Appeals, and Requests for Establishment of a Panel -- NAFTA Dispute Settlement Procedures -- 3. OECD Ministerial Communiques Related to Agricultural Policies -- -OECD Council at Ministerial Level, May 1999 -- OECD Committee for Agriculture at Ministerial Level, March 1998 -- OECD Committee for Agriculture at Ministerial Level, March 1992 -- The OECD Council at Ministerial Level, May 1987 -- 4. Measurement of Support to Agriculture -- -Introduction -- Definitions and Methods -- Classifications and Definitions -- Criteria for Classification -- Rules for Classification -- Methods for Classification -- The Method of Decomposing the PSE and CSE -- Definition of Full-Time Farmer Equivalent and Agricultural Land
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
Includes bibliographical references (pages [72]-79).
Highly publicised outbreaks of food-borne diseases have put food safety at the heart of a topical debate. Demands for increased food safety regulation and stricter enforcement have gained momentum. In fact, consumer concerns go well beyond basic food safety. The quality of food and how it is produced, animal welfare, the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hormones and other growth promoters, cultural preferences, resource sustainability and protection of the environment have all become major issues in the public debate over regulation of the food industry. The issues are complex and the required policy response remains unclear. With the strengthening of international rules, increased trade in consumer food products and the growing use of biotechnology, trade conflicts over food regulatory issues and their reform could become more common. The economic stakes are high and such disputes are likely to remain a priority in the future trade agenda. This report examines the trade conflicts arising from food safety and quality issues. It summarises the key international agreements, illustrates the range and nature of current disputes, reviews the potential contributions of economic analysis to conflict resolution, and identifies areas requiring further analysis.
Food contamination.
Food adulteration and inspection.