Cortical Development [electronic resource] : Neural Diversity and Neocortical Organization /
Kageyama, Ryoichiro.editor.
Yamamori, Tetsuo.editor.
This book reviews recent progress in cortical development research, focusing on the mechanisms of neural stem cell regulation, neuronal diversity and connectivity formation, and neocortical organization. Development of the cerebral cortex, the center for higher brain functions such as cognition, memory, and decision making, is one of the major targets of current research. The cerebral cortex is divided into many areas, including motor, sensory, and visual cortices, each of which consists of six layers containing a variety of neurons with different activities and connections. As this book explains, such diversity in neuronal types and connections is generated at various levels. First, neural stem cells change their competency over time, giving sequential rise to distinct types of neurons and glial cells: initially deep layer neurons, then superficial layer neurons, and lastly astrocytes. The activities and connections of neurons are further modulated via interactions with other brain regions, such as the thalamocortical circuit, and via input from the environment. This book on cortical development is essential reading for students, postdocs, and neurobiologists.
Description based upon print version of record.
Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Dynamic Notch Signaling in Neural Progenitor Cells; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Core Pathway of Notch Signaling; 1.3 Oscillatory Expression of Notch Signaling Genes; 1.4 The Mechanism of Oscillatory Expression: Lessons from the Segmentation Clock; 1.5 Basal Progenitors and Outer Subventricular Zone (OSVZ) Progenitors; 1.6 Sustained Hes1 Expression in Boundary Cells; 1.7 Downstream Events of Hes1 and Neurog2 Oscillations; 1.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 2: Proneural Proteins and the Development of the Cerebral Cortex; 2.1 Introduction
2.2 Cellular Functions of Proneural Genes in Telencephalic Development2.2.1 Proneural Genes and the Neuronal Versus Glial Fate Decision; 2.2.2 Neurogenin Proteins and the Specification of Telencephalic Projection Neurons; 2.2.3 Ascl1 Protein and the Specification of Telencephalic GABAergic Neurons; 2.2.4 Proneural Proteins and the Regulation of Neuronal Migration; 2.2.5 Neurog2 and the Regulation of Axon Projections; 2.3 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Proneural Gene Activity; 2.3.1 Regulation of Proneural Gene Expression and Activity; 2.3.2 Transcriptional Targets of Proneural Genes
2.3.3 Interaction of Proneural Proteins with Other Transcription Factors2.3.4 Cofactors of Proneural Proteins; 2.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: The Role of the Transcription Factor Pax6 in Brain Development and Evolution: Evidence and Hypothesis; 3.1 Pax6 is a Highly Conserved Transcription Factor; 3.2 Pax6 in Embryonic Neurogenesis; 3.3 Pax6 in Postnatal Neurogenesis; 3.4 Pax6 Expression in the Developing Primate Neocortex; 3.5 Molecules Downstream of Pax6; 3.6 Importance of Basal Processes and Possible Involvement of Pax6; 3.7 The Role of Pax6 in Brain Evolution: A Hypothesis
3.8 Pax6: Possible Involvement in Neurodevelopmental Diseases?3.9 Future Perspectives; References; Chapter 4: Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Neurogenesis-to-Gliogenesis Switch by Neural Stem Cells; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Stem Cell Development and Progenitor Heterogeneity; 4.3 Stochastic Differentiation; 4.4 Deterministic Differentiation; 4.5 Acquisition of Gliogenic Competence; 4.6 Timing of Differentiation; 4.7 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 5: Specification of GABAergic Neocortical Interneurons; 5.1 GABAergic Interneurons of the Cerebral Cortex
5.2 Neocortical Interneurons Originate from the Ventral Telencephalon5.3 Spatial and Temporal Origins of Interneuron Subtypes; 5.3.1 The Four Major Classes of Neocortical Interneurons; 5.3.2 MGE-Derived Interneurons; 5.3.3 CGE-Derived Interneurons; 5.3.4 Interneuron Markers Beyond PV, SST, RELN, and VIP; 5.4 Interneuron Specification by Transcription Factors; 5.4.1 Telencephalic GABAergic Cell Fate Specification; 5.4.2 GABAergic Cell Fate Specification Within the Ventricular and Subventricular Zones; 5.4.3 Postmitotic Regulation of Interneuron Development
5.4.4 Transcriptional Cascades for Specific Interneuron Subtypes
Includes bibliographical references and index.
This book reviews recent progress in cortical development research, focusing on the mechanisms of neural stem cell regulation, neuronal diversity and connectivity formation, and neocortical organization. Development of the cerebral cortex, the center for higher brain functions such as cognition, memory, and decision making, is one of the major targets of current research. The cerebral cortex is divided into many areas, including motor, sensory, and visual cortices, each of which consists of six layers containing a variety of neurons with different activities and connections. As this book explains, such diversity in neuronal types and connections is generated at various levels. First, neural stem cells change their competency over time, giving sequential rise to distinct types of neurons and glial cells: initially deep layer neurons, then superficial layer neurons, and lastly astrocytes. The activities and connections of neurons are further modulated via interactions with other brain regions, such as the thalamocortical circuit, and via input from the environment. This book on cortical development is essential reading for students, postdocs, and neurobiologists.
Neurosciences.
Developmental biology.
Cell biology.
Neurosciences.
Developmental Biology.
Cell Biology.