Brain Mapping [electronic resource] : From Neural Basis of Cognition to Surgical Applications /
Duffau, Hugues.editor.
The goal of this book is to make a link between fundamental research in the field of cognitive neurosciences, which now benefits from a better knowledge of the neural foundations of cerebral processing, and its clinical application, especially in neurosurgery – itself able to provide new insights into brain organization. The anatomical bases are presented, advances and limitations of the different methods of functional cerebral mapping are discussed, updated models of sensorimotor, visuospatial, language, memory, emotional, and executive functions are explained in detail. In the light of these data, new strategies of surgical management of cerebral lesions are proposed, with an optimization of the benefit–risk ratio of surgery. Finally, perspectives about brain connectivity and plasticity are discussed on the basis of translational studies involving serial functional neuroimaging, intraoperative cortico-subcortical electrical mapping, and biomathematical modeling of interactions between parallel distributed neural networks.
Title Page; Copyright Page; Foreword; Table of Contents; List of contributors; Introduction From neurosciences to brain surgery and from brain surgery to neurosciences; References; Brain anatomy; The microneurosurgical anatomy of the cerebral cortex; General anatomical features; The sulci, gyri, and cerebral lobes; The frontal lobe; The central lobe; The parietal lobe; The occipital lobe; The temporal lobe; The insular lobe; The limbic lobe and correlated areas; Final remarks; References; Anatomy of the white-matter pathways; Introduction; Klingler'st echnique; White-matter pathways
Superior longitudinal fasciculusMiddle longitudinal fasciculus; Inferior longitudinal fasciculus; Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus; Extreme capsule, external capsule, uncinate fasciculus; Subcallosal fasciculus; Periventricular white matter; Corona radiata and internal capsule; Optic radiations; Fornix and cingulum; Anterior commissure; Corpus callosum; Conclusions; References; Methods of brain mapping: advances and limitations; Functional MRI; Introduction; Principles of fMRI; Biophysical framework of the BOLD signal; Experimental design; Workflow in fMRI
Key points in fMRI interpretationImage quality; Image position; Individual performance; Movements; Physiological confounds; Conclusion; Abbreviations; References; Mapping white matter pathways with diffusion imaging tractography: focus on neurosurgical applications; Introduction to diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Diffusion tensor imaging; Virtual reconstruction of white matterpathways; Diffusion signal changes in epilepsyand brain tumor; Clinical applications in neurosurgical patientswith brain tumours; Clinical applications to neurosurgical patients with epilepsy
Limitations and future directions of diffusion tractographyAcknowledgments; References; Magnetoencephalography; Introduction; MEG principles and instrumentation; Physiological sources of electromagnetic fields; Instrumentation; Scenarios of most typical MEG and EEG sessions; Subject preparation; Paradigm design; Data acquisition; Data preprocessing; Evoked responses across trials in signal extraction via epoch averaging; Induced responses across trials in signal extraction via epoch averaging; New trends and methods: connectivity and complexity analysis
MEG-EEG source estimation as a modeling problemModeling the electromagnetics of head tissues; MEG source modeling; Appraisal of MEG source models; Conclusions: a pragmatic point of view; References; Extraoperative electrical mapping; Introduction; Evaluation of cortical function and cortical stimulation; Invasive electroencephalography and Video-EEG-monitoring; Effect of cortical stimulation; Description of different electrodes used for cortical stimulation and/or eeg recording, indications for their use; Subdural grid- and strip-electrodes; Combined use of both stimulation methods
Afterdischarges
With 140 (mainly coloured) figures.
Includes bibliographical references.
The goal of this book is to make a link between fundamental research in the field of cognitive neurosciences, which now benefits from a better knowledge of the neural foundations of cerebral processing, and its clinical application, especially in neurosurgery – itself able to provide new insights into brain organization. The anatomical bases are presented, advances and limitations of the different methods of functional cerebral mapping are discussed, updated models of sensorimotor, visuospatial, language, memory, emotional, and executive functions are explained in detail. In the light of these data, new strategies of surgical management of cerebral lesions are proposed, with an optimization of the benefit–risk ratio of surgery. Finally, perspectives about brain connectivity and plasticity are discussed on the basis of translational studies involving serial functional neuroimaging, intraoperative cortico-subcortical electrical mapping, and biomathematical modeling of interactions between parallel distributed neural networks.
Neurosurgery.
Neurosciences.
Neurosurgery.
Neurosciences.