Sensor Technologies [electronic resource] : Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications /
McGrath, Michael J.author.
Ni Scanaill, Cliodhna.author.
Nafus, Dawn.author.
Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications explores the key aspects of sensor technologies, covering wired, wireless, and discrete sensors for the specific application domains of healthcare, wellness and environmental sensing.  It discusses the social, regulatory, and design considerations specific to these domains. The book provides an application-based approach using real-world examples to illustrate the application of sensor technologies in a practical and experiential manner. The book  guides the reader from the formulation of the research question, through the design and validation process, to the deployment and management phase of sensor applications.  The processes and examples used in the book are primarily based on research carried out by Intel or joint academic research programs. "Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications provides an extensive overview of sensing technologies and their applications in healthcare, wellness, and environmental monitoring. From sensor hardware to system applications and case studies, this book gives readers an in-depth understanding of the technologies and how they can be applied. I would highly recommend it to students or researchers who are interested in wireless sensing technologies and the associated applications." Dr. Benny Lo Lecturer, The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College of London     "This timely addition to the literature on sensors covers the broad complexity of sensing, sensor types, and the vast range of existing and emerging applications in a very clearly written and accessible manner.  It is particularly good at capturing the exciting possibilities that will occur as sensor networks merge with cloud-based 'big data' analytics to provide a host of new applications that will impact directly on the individual in ways we cannot fully predict at present.  It really brings this home through the use of carefully chosen case studies that bring the overwhelming concept of 'big data' down to the personal level of individual life and health."   Dermot Diamond Director, National Centre for Sensor Research, Principal Investigator, CLARITY Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, Dublin City University                                                                      "Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications takes the reader on an end-to-end journey of sensor technologies, covering the fundamentals from an engineering perspective, introducing how the data gleaned can be both processed and visualized, in addition to offering exemplar case studies in a number of application domains.  It is a must-read for those studying any undergraduate course that involves sensor technologies.  It also provides a thorough foundation for those involved in the research and development of applied sensor systems.  I highly recommend it to any engineer who wishes to broaden their knowledge in this area!" Chris Nugent Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulster  .
Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications explores the key aspects of sensor technologies, covering wired, wireless, and discrete sensors for the specific application domains of healthcare, wellness and environmental sensing.  It discusses the social, regulatory, and design considerations specific to these domains. The book provides an application-based approach using real-world examples to illustrate the application of sensor technologies in a practical and experiential manner. The book  guides the reader from the formulation of the research question, through the design and validation process, to the deployment and management phase of sensor applications.  The processes and examples used in the book are primarily based on research carried out by Intel or joint academic research programs. "Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications provides an extensive overview of sensing technologies and their applications in healthcare, wellness, and environmental monitoring. From sensor hardware to system applications and case studies, this book gives readers an in-depth understanding of the technologies and how they can be applied. I would highly recommend it to students or researchers who are interested in wireless sensing technologies and the associated applications." Dr. Benny Lo Lecturer, The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College of London     "This timely addition to the literature on sensors covers the broad complexity of sensing, sensor types, and the vast range of existing and emerging applications in a very clearly written and accessible manner.  It is particularly good at capturing the exciting possibilities that will occur as sensor networks merge with cloud-based 'big data' analytics to provide a host of new applications that will impact directly on the individual in ways we cannot fully predict at present.  It really brings this home through the use of carefully chosen case studies that bring the overwhelming concept of 'big data' down to the personal level of individual life and health."   Dermot Diamond Director, National Centre for Sensor Research, Principal Investigator, CLARITY Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, Dublin City University                                                                      "Sensor Technologies: Healthcare, Wellness and Environmental Applications takes the reader on an end-to-end journey of sensor technologies, covering the fundamentals from an engineering perspective, introducing how the data gleaned can be both processed and visualized, in addition to offering exemplar case studies in a number of application domains.  It is a must-read for those studying any undergraduate course that involves sensor technologies.  It also provides a thorough foundation for those involved in the research and development of applied sensor systems.  I highly recommend it to any engineer who wishes to broaden their knowledge in this area!" Chris Nugent Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ulster  .
Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
Intro -- Contents at a Glance -- Contents -- About the Authors -- About the Technical Reviewers -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- What This Book Covers -- A Brief History of Sensors -- Drivers for Sensor Applications -- Health and Fitness -- Aging Demographics -- Personalized Healthcare -- Public Health -- Technology Nexus -- National Security -- The Internet of Things -- Water and Food -- Environmental Challenges -- Challenges for Sensor Applications -- Sensors Enabling Innovation -- References -- Chapter 2: Sensing and Sensor Fundamentals -- What Is a Sensor and What Is Sensing? -- Introduction to the Key Sensing Modalities -- Mechanical Sensors -- MEMS Sensors -- Accelerometers -- Gyroscopes -- Optical Sensors -- Photodetectors -- Infrared (IR) -- Fiber Optic -- Interferometers -- Semiconductor Sensors -- Gas Sensors -- Temperature Sensors -- Magnetic Sensors -- Optical Sensors -- Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) -- Electrochemical Sensors -- Potentiometric Sensors -- Amperometric Sensors -- Coulometric -- Conductometric Sensors -- Biosensors -- Transducers for Biosensors -- Key Characteristics of Biosensors -- Application Domains -- Environmental Monitoring -- Air -- Water -- Sound (Noise Pollution) -- Soil -- Healthcare -- Wellness -- Monitoring Recreational Activity -- Personal Safety -- Activity and Location Detection -- Sensor Characteristics -- Range -- Transfer Function -- Linear Transfer Functions -- Linearization -- Non-Linear Transfer Functions -- Linearity and Nonlinearity -- Sensitivity -- Environmental Effects -- Modifying Inputs -- Interfering Inputs -- Hysteresis -- Resolution -- Accuracy -- Precision -- Error -- Systematic Errors -- Random Errors (Noise) -- Error Bands -- Statistical Characteristics -- Repeatability -- Tolerance -- Dynamic Characteristics -- Response Time.
Dynamic Linearity -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Key Sensor Technology Components: Hardware and Software Overview -- Smart Sensors -- Sensor Systems -- Sensor Platforms -- The Arduino I/O Board -- Shimmer -- Smartphones and Tablets -- Microcontrollers for Smart Sensors -- CPUs -- Registers -- Memory -- Timers and Counters -- Debugging Interfaces -- Common Microcontrollers -- Interfaces and Embedded Communications -- Embedded Digital Interfaces and Protocols -- Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) -- The I 2 C Bus -- Analog Interfacing -- Sensor Communications -- Standard Wired Interfaces -- RS-232 -- Virtual Serial Ports -- RS-485 -- Universal Serial Bus (USB) -- Short- and Medium-Range Standards for Wireless Communications -- Proprietary Wireless Protocols -- Power Management and Energy Harvesting -- Power Management -- Energy Harvesting -- Microcontroller Software and Debugging -- IDEs -- Development Languages -- Testing Code -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 4: Sensor Network Topolog ies and Design Considerations -- Sensor Network Components -- Sensor Nodes -- Aggregators, Base Stations, and Gateways -- Machine-to-Machine Devices -- Proprietary M2M solutions -- Smartphones -- Traditional M2M Platforms -- Sensor Network Topologies -- Sensor Network Applications -- Personal Area Networks -- Ambient/Pervasive Home Sensor Networks -- Wide Area Networks -- Sensor Network Features and Challenges -- Security -- Key Security Goals -- Attacks on Sensor Networks -- Security Approaches -- Biometrics -- Challenges for Sensor Networks -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 5: Processing and Adding Vibrancy to Sensor Data -- Data Literacy -- The Internet of Things -- Sensors and the Cloud -- Data Quality -- Addressing Data Quality Issues -- Outlier Detection -- Automated Data Cleaning -- Plausibility Testing -- Fusing Sensor Data -- Data Mining.
Data Visualization -- Big Sensor Data -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Regulations and Standards: Considerations for Sensor Technologies -- Regulation of Medical Devices -- CE Marking -- U.S. FDA -- Other Medical Device Regulators -- Standards for Medical Devices -- Industry Standards and Certification -- Continua -- Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) -- Happtique Health App Certification Program (HACP) -- Quality Management System Standards -- Clinical Research Standards -- Declaration of Helsinki -- Good Clinical Practice (GCP) -- Data Interoperability Standards -- CEN ISO/IEEE 11073 -- Health Level 7 (HL7) -- Regulation of Environmental Sensors -- Environmental Noise -- Ambient Air Quality -- Indoor Air Quality -- Drinking Water -- Regulation and Allocation of Radio Spectrum -- Challenges -- Country-Specific Regulatory Processes -- Mobile Health Applications -- Personalized Medicine -- Citizen Science -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: The Data Economy of Biosensors -- The Evidence Base -- Why Building Technologies for "Should" Rarely Helps -- The Consequences of Designing for "Should" -- Why Designing for "Could" Matters -- Requirements for a Data Economy of "Could" -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 8: Sensor Deployments for Home and Community Settings -- Healthcare Domain Challenges -- Study Design -- Setting the Research Questions -- Clinical Cohort Characterization -- Protocol Options: Supervised vs. Unsupervised -- Clinical Benefit -- Home Deployment Elements -- Home- and Community-Based Sensing -- Body-Worn Assessment Applications -- Ambient Sensing -- User Touch Points -- Participant Feedback -- Home Deployment Management -- Remote Deployment Framework -- The Prototyping Design Process -- Design for and with the End User -- Design with Multidisciplinary Team Members -- Data Analytics and Intelligent Data Processing.
Case Studies -- Case Study 1: Quantified Timed Get Up and Go (QTUG) Test -- Algorithm Development -- Model Development -- Prototype Development -- Case Study 2: Ambient Assessment of Daily Activity and Gait Velocity -- Case Study 3: Training for Focused Living -- Lessons Learned -- The Installation Process -- Key Sensor Findings -- Data Quality -- User Engagement -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 9: Body-Worn, Ambient, and Consumer Sensing for Health Applications -- Changing the Way We Do Healthcare -- Sensing Context in Health Applications -- Hospital and Community-Based Sensing for Assessment and Diagnosis -- Monitoring Vital Signs -- Heart Rate -- Blood Pressure -- Temperature -- Respiratory Rate -- Blood Oxygenation -- Community-Based Sensing -- Home-Based Clinical Applications -- Chronic Disease Management -- Investigative and Episodic Monitoring -- Mobility and Behavioral Monitoring -- Biomechanical Rehabilitation -- Aggregation and Management -- The Smartphone as a Healthcare Platform -- Self-care Diagnostic Test Kits -- Enzymatic/Immunological Assays -- Enzymatic Test Strips -- Chromatic Wet Chemistry -- The Home Test Market -- Home Genetic Testing -- Key Drivers and Challenges -- Drivers and Challenges in Healthcare Systems -- Technology Drivers and Challenges -- Consumer Drivers and Challenges -- The Future of Sensor-Based Applications for Healthcare -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 10: Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Sensing Applications -- Drivers and Barriers: Sports and Fitness Sensing -- Drivers for Sports and Fitness Sensing -- Barriers to Sports and Fitness Sensing -- Sports and Fitness Applications -- Supporting Wireless Technologies -- Fitness Sensing -- Clothing -- Sports Equipment Sensing -- Cycling -- Golf -- Sensing in Other Sports -- Sports and Fitness Statistics -- Activity and Well-Being.
Obesity and Weight Management -- Sleep -- Baby Sleep Monitoring -- Sleep Apnea -- Posture Monitoring -- Personal Safety -- Home Safety Monitoring -- Safety Monitoring and Falls Detection -- Alcohol Monitoring -- The Future of Sensor-Based Wellness, Fitness, and Lifestyle Applications -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: Environmental Monitoring for Health and Wellness -- Drivers of Environmental Sensing -- Cost -- Smartphones -- Civic Sensing -- Sampling -- Environmental Sensing and Network and Communications Technologies -- Barriers to Adoption -- Power Consumption -- Robustness and Cost -- Technology Limitations -- Security Concerns -- Usability and Scalability -- Interoperability -- Data Quality and Ownership -- Environmental Parameters -- Air Quality and Atmospheric Conditions -- Sensing Air Quality -- Sensing Indoor Air Quality -- Community-Based Outdoor Air Quality Monitoring -- Monitoring Ambient Weather -- UVA/UVB Monitoring -- Water Quality Monitoring -- Physical Water Sensing -- Chemical Water Sensing -- Biological Pathogen Water Sensing -- Mobile Water-Quality Sensing -- Environmental Noise Pollution -- Radiation Sensing -- Environmental Impact on Food -- Future Directions for Environmental Monitoring -- Summary -- Chapter 12: Summary and Future Trends -- So Far -- Into the Future -- Pervasiveness -- Technology -- Personal Health -- Crowdsourcing -- The Sensing Nexus -- References -- Index.
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