Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base Interpretation [electronic resource] /
Hasan, Ashfaq.author.
Analysis of blood gas can be a daunting task. However, it is still one of the most useful laboratory tests in managing respiratory and metabolic disorders. Busy medical students have struggled ineffectively with Hasselbach’s modification of the Henderson equation, been torn between the Copenhagen and the Boston schools of thought; and lately, been confronted with the radically different strong-ion approach. In modern medical practice, the health provider’s time is precious: it is crucial to retain focus on those aspects of clinical medicine that are of key importance. Adoption of an algorithm-based approach in the study of topics that are hard to understand (particularly those that are rooted in clinical physiology) can be extremely advantageous. Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base Interpretation, 2nd edition, is organized in a logical sequence of flow charts that introduce concepts and gradually build upon them. This approach facilitates understanding and retention of the subject matter. Medical students, residents, nurses, and practitioners of respiratory and intensive care will find it possible to quickly grasp the principles underlying respiratory and acid-base physiology, and apply them effectively in clinical decision making.
Description based upon print version of record.
Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base InterpretationSecond Edition; Copyright Page; Dedication; Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; Contents; Chapter 1: Gas Exchange; 1.1 The Respiratory Centre; 1.2 Rhythmicity of the Respiratory Centre; 1.3 The Thoracic Neural Receptors; 1.4 Chemoreceptors; 1.5 The Central Chemoreceptors and the Alpha-Stat Hypothesis; 1.6 Peripheral Chemoreceptors; 1.7 Chemoreceptors in Hypoxia; 1.8 Response of the Respiratory Centre to Hypoxemia; 1.9 Respiration; 1.10 Partial Pressure of a Mixture of Gases; 1.10.1 Atmospheric Pressure; 1.10.2 Gas Pressure
1.11 Partial Pressure of a Gas1.12 The Fractional Concentration of a Gas (F gas); 1.13 Diffusion of Gases; 1.14 Henry's Law and the Solubility of a Gas in Liquid; 1.15 Inhaled Air; 1.16 The O 2 Cascade; 1.17 PaO 2; 1.18 The Modified Alveolar Gas Equation; 1.19 The Determinants of the Alveolar Gas Equation; 1.20 The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) in the Alveolar Air Equation; 1.21 FIO 2, PAO 2, PaO 2 and CaO 2; 1.22 DO 2, CaO 2, SpO 2, PaO 2 and FIO 2; 1.23 O 2 Content: An Illustrative Example; 1.24 Mechanisms of Hypoxemia; 1.25 Processes Dependent Upon Ventilation
1.26 Defining Hypercapnia (Elevated CO 2)1.27 Factors That Determine PaCO 2 Levels; 1.28 Relationship Between CO 2 Production and Elimination; 1.29 Exercise, CO 2 Production and PaCO 2; 1.30 Dead Space; 1.31 Minute Ventilation and Alveolar Ventilation; 1.32 The Determinants of the PaCO 2; 1.33 Alveolar Ventilation in Health and Disease; 1.34 Hypoventilation and PaCO 2; 1.35 The Causes of Hypoventilation; 1.36 Blood Gases in Hypoventilation; 1.37 Decreased CO 2 Production; 1.37.1 Summary: Conditions That Can Result in Hypercapnia; 1.38 V/Q Mismatch: A Hypothetical Model
1.39 V/Q Mismatch and Shunt1.40 Quantifying Hypoxemia; 1.41 Compensation for Regional V/Q Inequalities; 1.42 Alveolo-Arterial Diffusion of Oxygen (A-aDO 2); 1.43 A-aDO 2 is Difficult to Predict on Intermediate Levels of FIO 2; 1.44 Defects of Diffusion; 1.45 Determinants of Diffusion: DL CO; 1.46 Timing the ABG; 1.47 A-aDO 2 Helps in Differentiating Between the Different Mechanisms of Hypoxemia; Chapter 2: The Non-Invasive Monitoring of Blood Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels; 2.1 The Structure and Function of Haemoglobin; 2.2 Co-operativity; 2.3 The Bohr Effect and the Haldane Effect
2.4 Oxygenated and Non-oxygenated Hemoglobin2.5 PaO 2 and the Oxy-hemoglobin Dissociation Curve; 2.6 Monitoring of Blood Gases; 2.6.1 Invasive O 2 Monitoring; 2.6.2 The Non-invasive Monitoring of Blood Gases; 2.7 Principles of Pulse Oximetry; 2.8 Spectrophotometry; 2.9 Optical Plethysmography; 2.10 Types of Pulse Oximeters; 2.11 Pulse Oximetry and PaO 2; 2.12 P 50; 2.13 Shifts in the Oxy-hemoglobin Dissociation Curve; 2.14 Oxygen Saturation (SpO 2) in Anemia and Skin Pigmentation; 2.15 Oxygen Saturation (SpO 2) in Abnormal Forms of Hemoglobin; 2.16 Mechanisms of Hypoxemia in Methemoglobinemia
2.17 Methemoglobinemias: Classification
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Analysis of blood gas can be a daunting task. However, it is still one of the most useful laboratory tests in managing respiratory and metabolic disorders. Busy medical students have struggled ineffectively with Hasselbach’s modification of the Henderson equation, been torn between the Copenhagen and the Boston schools of thought; and lately, been confronted with the radically different strong-ion approach. In modern medical practice, the health provider’s time is precious: it is crucial to retain focus on those aspects of clinical medicine that are of key importance. Adoption of an algorithm-based approach in the study of topics that are hard to understand (particularly those that are rooted in clinical physiology) can be extremely advantageous. Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base Interpretation, 2nd edition, is organized in a logical sequence of flow charts that introduce concepts and gradually build upon them. This approach facilitates understanding and retention of the subject matter. Medical students, residents, nurses, and practitioners of respiratory and intensive care will find it possible to quickly grasp the principles underlying respiratory and acid-base physiology, and apply them effectively in clinical decision making.
Critical care medicine.
Internal medicine.
Anesthesiology.
Hematology.
Respiratory organs—Diseases.
Intensive / Critical Care Medicine.
Internal Medicine.
Anesthesiology.
Hematology.
Pneumology/Respiratory System.