Optimising Russian Natural Gas [electronic resource]: Reform and Climate Policy /
International Energy Agency.
International Energy Agency.
Murray, Isabel.
Platonova-Oquab, Alexandrina.
Paris : OECD Publishing,
2006.
The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries.  This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.
FOREWORD; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; TABLE OF CONTENTS; ANNEXES; LIST OF MAPS; LIST OF FIGURES; LIST OF TABLES; LIST OF BOXES; EXECUTIVE SUMMARY; ES-1 Estimated GHG emissions: Russia's natural gas sector and gas flaring in 2004; ES-1 Estimated GHG emissions in 2004 and potential for reduction  in Russia's natural gas sector and gas flaring; I. RUSSIA'S NATURAL GAS CHAIN:OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK; Natural gas balance: trends, exports and outlook; 1 Gazprom reserve replacement; 1 Major natural gas producing and prospective regions and pipelines
1 Russian gas production by oil companies and independents in 2003-052 Russian gas supply outlook; 3 Russian gas demand by sector 1992-2004; 4 The structure of Russia's gas distribution sector; Energy efficiency: a huge potential to tap; 5 Projections of Russian energy intensity to 2020; 6 Historic and outlook for Russian domestic gas pricing; GHG emissions in Russia: the natural gas sector and gas flaring; 7 Gazprom energy consumption by sub-sector in 2000; 2 Gazprom's estimates of its GHG emission from 1990 to 2000 and projections to 2012
3 Gazprom's potential GHG emission reductions in 2000-128 Estimated structure of GHG emissions from Russian gas transmission and distribution systems and gas flaring in 2004; II. RUSSIAN CLIMATE POLICY FRAMEWORK; Russia in the context of the international climate policy; 9 World energy-related CO2 emissions 2003, by country (25-2 GtCO2); 4 Russia's estimated total GHG emissions; 10 Russian GDP, energy consumption and CO2 emissions, 1990-2004; 11 Sectoral structure of Russian CO2 emissions from energy combustion; 5 Russian projections of economic growth and CO2 emissions for 2000-12
12 Projections of CO2 emissions in Russia relative to 1990 levelsThe Kyoto Protocol and Russia: managing the surplus; 13 Existing and proposed mechanisms for international emissionstransactions under the Kyoto Protocol; 6 Russia's estimated surplus of Assigned Amount Units in 2010; 1 Joint implementation (JI): two tracks; 2 Green investment scheme (GIS); Russian climate policy: strategies and institutions; 7 Energy sector related actions listed in the Action Plan
8 Russian deadlines to fulfil eligibility requirements for participation in the Kyoto Protocol flexibility mechanisms and in alternative schemes3 The system of fees for pollutant emissions in Russian environmental policy; Participation in flexibility mechanisms: Russia's capacity; 4 Additionality demonstration for CDM projects; 14 Additionality tool of CDM projects; III. GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONSIN THE GAS TRANSMISSION SECTOR; The current state of Russia's gas transmission system; 9 Development of Russia's Unified Gas Supply System (UGSS); 15 Accidents at transmission pipelines, 1991 to 2000
10 Age structure of Gazprom's transmission pipelines
"In support of the G8 plan of action"-- t.p.
"The principal authors of this book are Isabel Murray and Alexandrina Platonova-Oquab..."--p. 7.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [181]-194).
The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries.  This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.
Natural gas
Gas industry