Brain Lipids in Synaptic Function and Neurological Disease [electronic resource] : Clues to Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Brain Disorders
Fantini, Jacques.
Yahi, Nouara.
Burlington : Elsevier Science,
2015.
Lipids are the most abundant organic compounds found in the brain, accounting for up to 50% of its dry weight. The brain lipidome includes several thousands of distinct biochemical structures whose expression may greatly vary according to age, gender, brain region, cell type, as well as subcellular localization. In synaptic membranes, brain lipids specifically interact with neurotransmitter receptors and control their activity. Moreover, brain lipids play a key role in the generation and neurotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins involved in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases. The aim
Description based upon print version of record.
Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; About the Authors; Preface; Acknowledgments; Chapter 1 - Chemical Basis of Lipid Biochemistry; 1.1 - Introduction; 1.2 - Chemistry background; 1.3 - Molecular interactions; 1.4 - Solubility in water: what is it?; 1.5 - Lipid biochemistry; 1.5.1 - Definition; 1.5.2 - Biochemistry of Fatty Acids; 1.5.3 - Biochemistry of Saturated Fatty Acids; 1.5.4 - Biochemistry of Unsaturated Fatty Acids; 1.5.5 - Glycerolipids; 1.5.6 - Sphingolipids; 1.5.7 - Sterols; 1.6 - Biochemical diversity of brain lipids
1.7 - A key experiment: lipid analysis by thin layer chromatographyReferences; Chapter 2 - Brain Membranes; 2.1 - Why lipids are different from all other biomolecules; 2.2 - Role of structured water in molecular interactions; 2.3 - Lipid self-assembly, a water-driven process?; 2.4 - Lipid-lipid interactions: why such a high specificity?; 2.4.1 - Melting Temperature of Lipids; 2.4.2 - The Molecular Shape of Lipids; 2.5 - Nonbilayer phases and lipid dynamics; 2.6 - The plasma membrane of glial cells and neurons: the lipid perspective; 2.7 - Key experiments on lipid density; References
Chapter 3 - Lipid Metabolism and Oxidation in Neurons and Glial Cells3.1 - General aspects of lipid metabolism; 3.2 - Cholesterol; 3.3 - Sphingolipids; 3.3.1 - Biosynthesis of Ceramide in the Endoplasmic Reticulum; 3.3.2 - Biosynthesis of Sphingomyelin in the Golgi; 3.3.3 - Glycosphingolipids; 3.3.4 - Sphingolipid Messengers; 3.4 - Phosphoinositides; 3.5 - Phosphatidic acid; 3.6 - Endocannabinoids; 3.7 - Lipid peroxidation; 3.8 - Key experiment: Alzheimer's disease, cholesterol, and statins: where is the link?; References; Chapter 4 - Variations of Brain Lipid Content
4.1 - Brain lipids: how to bring order to the galaxy4.2 - Variations in brain cholesterol content; 4.2.1 - Cholesterol and Aging; 4.2.2 - Brain Cholesterol and Neurodegenerative Diseases; 4.3 - Variations in brain ganglioside content; 4.3.1 - Ceramide Variability; 4.3.2 - Sugar Head Group Variability; 4.4 - Variations in myelin lipids; 4.5 - Impact of nutrition on brain lipid content; 4.6 - Key experiment: the GM1/GM3 balance and Alzheimer's disease; References; Chapter 5 - A Molecular View of the Synapse; 5.1 - The synapse: a tripartite entity?
5.2 - Role of gangliosides in glutamate clearance5.3 - Neurotransmitters and their receptors: what physicochemical properties reveal; 5.4 - A dual receptor model for serotonin; 5.5 - A dual receptor model for anandamide; 5.6 - Control of synaptic functions by gangliosides; 5.7 - Control of synaptic functions by cholesterol; 5.8 - Key experiments: debunking myths in neurosciences; References; Chapter 6 - Protein-Lipid Interactions in the Brain; 6.1 - General aspects of protein-lipid interactions; 6.2 - Annular versus nonannular lipids
Lipids are the most abundant organic compounds found in the brain, accounting for up to 50% of its dry weight. The brain lipidome includes several thousands of distinct biochemical structures whose expression may greatly vary according to age, gender, brain region, cell type, as well as subcellular localization. In synaptic membranes, brain lipids specifically interact with neurotransmitter receptors and control their activity. Moreover, brain lipids play a key role in the generation and neurotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins involved in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases. The aim
Brain Chemistry.
Brain Diseases.
Lipids.
Lipid Metabolism.
Synaptic Transmission.
Membrane Microdomains.