SEAFLOOR OBSERVATORIES [electronic resource] : A New Vision of the Earth from the Abyss /
Favali, Paolo.author.
Beranzoli, Laura.author.
De Santis, Angelo.author.
The oceans cover 70% of the terrestrial surface, and exert a pervasive influence on the Earth's environment but their nature is poorly recognized. Knowing the ocean's role deeply and understanding the complex, physical, biological, chemical and geological systems operating within it represent a major challenge to scientists today. Seafloor observatories offer scientists new opportunites to study multiple, interrelated natural phenomena over time scales ranging from seconds to decades, from episodic to global and long-term processes. Seafloor Observatories addresses the important and apparently simple question, "How can continuous and reliable monitoring at the seafloor by means of Seafloor Observatories extend exploration and improve knowledge of our planet?" The book leads the reader through the present scientific challenges to be addressed with seafloor observatories; the technical solutions for their architecture; an excursus on worldwide ongoing projects and programmes. some relevant scientific multidisciplinary results; and a presentation of new and interesting long-term perspectives for the coming years. Scientific results from seafloor observatories  will yield significant improvements and exert a strong impact not only on current knowledge of our Planet but also on human life evolution.
Description based upon print version of record.
Contents; List of figures; List of tables; 1 Introduction; Part I Present scientific challenges to be addressed using seafloor observatories; 2 Integrating continuous observatory data from the coast to the abyss: Assembling a multidisciplinary view of the ocean in four dimensions; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Spatial (environmental) scope; 2.3 Temporal scope; 2.4 Catastrophic episodicity; 2.5 Complex interconnectedness; 2.6 Challenges of multidisciplinarity; 2.7 Integrated networks; 2.8 Scientific initiatives; 2.9 Scientific development; 2.9.1 Builders; 2.9.2 Future builders; 2.9.3 Bridge-builders
2.9.4 Data analysts2.9.5 Knowledge beneficiaries; 2.10 Participants and data access; 2.11 Summary; References; 3 Underwater neutrino telescopes: Detectors for astro-particle physics and a gateway for deep-sea laboratories; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 High-energy neutrino astronomy; 3.3 High-energy neutrino detection; 3.3.1 The Cherenkov detection technique in transparent natural media; 3.3.2 Underwater Cherenkov neutrino telescopes; 3.4 Towards a deep-sea infrastructure for neutrino astronomy and Earth and sea science in the Mediterranean Sea
3.4.1 NESTOR: Neutrino Extended Submarine Telescope with Oceanographic Research3.4.2 ANTARES: Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental RESearch; 3.4.3 NEMO: NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory; 3.4.4 KM3NeT; 3.4.4.1 Optical modules; 3.4.4.2 Detection unit mechanical structure; 3.4.4.3 Readout technology; 3.4.4.4 Sea-floor network; 3.5 Beyond the km3: New techniques for ultra-high-energy neutrino detection; 3.6 Deep-sea science with neutrino telescopes; 3.6.1 Bioluminescence; 3.6.2 Seawater optical properties; 3.6.3 Biofouling and sedimentation; 3.6.4 Underwater currents
3.6.5 Bioacoustics3.6.6 Geophysics; 3.7 Conclusions; References; Web resources; 4 Seafloor observations and observatory activities in the Sea of Marmara; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Geohazards in the Sea of Marmara; 4.2.1 The Sea of Marmara seismic gap; 4.2.2 Submarine landslides; 4.2.3 Tsunamis; 4.3 Fluids and seismicity in the Sea of Marmara; 4.4 Oceanographic and environmental sensitivity of the Sea of Marmara; 4.5 Sensors for seafloor observations in the Sea of Marmara; 4.5.1 Seismic motion; 4.5.2 Flowmeters; 4.5.3 Piezometers (pore-pressure sensors); 4.5.4 Gas-bubble monitoring
4.5.5 Methane sensor4.5.6 Oceanographic sensors; 4.6 Recommended observatory sites; 4.7 Present initiatives for seafloor observatories in the Sea of Marmara; 4.7.1 Marmara Sea Bottom Observatory (MSBO) project; 4.7.2 The ESONET Marmara-Demonstration Mission project; 4.8 Conclusions; References; 5 The Hellenic deep sea observatory: Science objectives and implementation; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Hellenic observatory: Science objectives; 5.2.1 Geodynamics and seismicity; 5.2.2 Seafloor instabilities; 5.2.3 Tsunamis; 5.2.4 Fluid flow and mud volcanism
5.2.5 Thermohaline circulation and climate change
Includes bibliographical references and index.
The oceans cover 70% of the terrestrial surface, and exert a pervasive influence on the Earth's environment but their nature is poorly recognized. Knowing the ocean's role deeply and understanding the complex, physical, biological, chemical and geological systems operating within it represent a major challenge to scientists today. Seafloor observatories offer scientists new opportunites to study multiple, interrelated natural phenomena over time scales ranging from seconds to decades, from episodic to global and long-term processes. Seafloor Observatories addresses the important and apparently simple question, "How can continuous and reliable monitoring at the seafloor by means of Seafloor Observatories extend exploration and improve knowledge of our planet?" The book leads the reader through the present scientific challenges to be addressed with seafloor observatories; the technical solutions for their architecture; an excursus on worldwide ongoing projects and programmes. some relevant scientific multidisciplinary results; and a presentation of new and interesting long-term perspectives for the coming years. Scientific results from seafloor observatories  will yield significant improvements and exert a strong impact not only on current knowledge of our Planet but also on human life evolution.
Oceanography.
Physical geography.
Aquatic biology.
Oceanography.
Geophysics/Geodesy.
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis.
Freshwater & Marine Ecology.
Sea floor observatories : a new vision of the earth from the abyss.