The northern sea route as a shipping lane : expectations and reality /
Pastusiak, Tadeusz,author.
Includes bibliographical references and indexes in English and Russian.
Part I. The Northern Sea Route in global shipping and history -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Purpose and scope of the book -- 1.2. Sea route and its specifics -- 1.3. Shipping routes of the world -- 1.4. Shipping routes of the Russian Arctic -- 1.5. Specificity of the Northern Sea Route as a shipping lane -- References -- 2. A Brief history of navigation on the Northern Sea Route -- 2.1. The Beginnings of cargo shipping on the Northern Sea Route -- 2.2. The period of the Second World War -- 2.3. Shipping on the Northern Sea Route after the Second World War -- 2.4. Creation of legal amenities for international traffic on the Northern Sea Route -- 2.5. The use of the Northern Sea Route for international traffic -- References -- Part II.  Environmental conditions : bathymetry, climate and hydrology -- 3. Environmental conditions affecting the use of the Northern Sea Route as a shipping lane -- 3.1. Bathymetric conditions of the Russian Arctic seas -- 3.2. Climatic conditions of the Russian Arctic seas and their implications for navigation on the Northern Sea Route -- 3.2.1. Air temperature -- 3.2.2. Wind -- 3.2.3. Fog and horizontal visibility -- 3.2.4. Vessel icing -- 3.3. Hydrological conditions of the Russian Arctic seas and their implications for navigation on the Northern Sea Route -- 3.3.1. Sea water temperature -- 3.3.2. Salinity and density of sea water -- 3.3.3. Waves -- 3.3.4. Fluctuations of water levels and tides -- 3.3.5. Marine currents -- References -- 4. Sea ice occurring on the seas of the Russian Arctic and its impact on navigating the Northern Sea Route -- 4.1. Sea ice characteristics affecting the safety and navigating of vessels on the Northern Sea Route -- 4.1.1. Concentration and thickness of the ice -- 4.1.2. Horizontal dimensions of ice floes -- 4.1.3. Ice under pressure, ridged ice and hummocked ice -- 4.1.4. A vessel's ability to overcome ice -- 4.2. Mean ice conditions on the seas of the Russian Arctic -- 4.2.1. Changes in ice cover -- 4.2.2. Drift of ice -- 4.2.3. Changes in ice cover concentration -- 4.2.4. Ice massifs -- 4.2.5. Ice cover thickness -- 4.2.6. Thickness of snow on ice -- 4.2.7. Ice decay -- 4.3. Long-term variability of ice cover on seas of the Russian Arctic -- 4.3.1. The Barents Sea -- 4.3.2. The Kara Sea -- 4.3.3. The Laptev Sea -- 4.3.4. The East Siberian Sea -- 4.3.5. The Chukchi Sea -- 4.3.6. The Bering Sea -- 4.3.7. Length of Ice-Free Season -- 4.4. Long-term variability of the ice-free season on the seas of the Russian Arctic -- References -- Part III. Technical conditions: vessels, infrastructure, routes and nodal points -- 5. Technical conditions affecting the use of the Northern Sea Route as a shipping lane -- 5.1. Technical requirements placed on vessels using the Northern Sea Route -- 5.1.1. Ice class and polar class vessels -- 5.1.2. Propulsion power and fuel consumption -- 5.1.3. Vessel speed in ice -- 5.2. Transport and navigation infrastructure on the Northern Sea Route -- 5.2.1. Ice class and polar class vessels -- 5.1.2. Propulsion power and fuel consumption -- 5.1.3. Vessel speed in ice -- 5.2. Transport and navigation infrastructure on the Northern Sea Route -- 5.2.1. Location of ports -- 5.2.2. Fuel provisions and ship repairs -- 5.2.3. Emergency preparedness and rescue -- 5.2.4. Navigation infrastructure along the route -- 5.2.5. Availability of charts, nautical publications and information on current ice and hydrometeorological conditions --- References -- 6. Variants of the Northern Sea Route -- 6.1. Route location -- 6.1.1. Transit routes -- 6.1.2. Route recommendations for particular seas -- 6.2. Narrow passages: nodal points of the Northern Sea Route -- References -- Part IV. Current and future accessibility of the Northern Sea Route: expectations and reality -- 7. Route selection on the Northern Sea Route under continuously changing ice conditions -- 7.1. Principles of route selection during the navigation season -- 7.2. Routing of a vessel on the Northern Sea Route in real ice conditions -- 7.2.1. Selection of bathymetric maps and ice maps for the simulation -- 7.2.2. Parameters of the vessel selected for the simulation -- 7.2.3. Voyage cost -- 7.2.4. Simulation procedure for voyage planning and plan implementation monitoring -- 7.3. Inception of regular shipping on the Northern Sea Route -- References -- 8. The possibility of using the Northern Sea Route in the light of climate change scenarios -- References -- 9. Summary and conclusions -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Index: English -- Index: Russian.
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
Shipping
Cargo ships
Cargo ships
Cargo ships
Trade routes
Trade routes
Trade routes
Cargo ships.
Shipping.
Trade routes.