Ideological translations of Robert Burns's poetry /
Vid, Natalia.
Univerza v Mariboru.Filozofska fakulteta.
Maribor : Filozofska fakulteta, Univerza v Mariboru ;
2011.
In the article the author compares poems by the Scottish national poet Robert Burns with their Russian translations made in the Soviet Union by the famous Russian poet and translator, Samuel Marshak. The main aim of the research is to show how ideology exerts pressures on literary translation and how the literary text undergoes a series of transformations or distortions depending on the stance or ideology of the author. The article is meant to highlight the dilemma that faces the translator when his/her ideology contradicts the author's. The most interesting point of this comparison is the fact that Robert Burns' poems underwent a series of ideological transformations and distortions in Marshak's translations. Marshak followed one aim: to promote social democratic themes according to the newly established canons The political situation in the Soviet Union is briefly described to make this point dear, because if the reader wants to understand the ideological background of Marshak's translations, he/she has tobe familiar with the idea of ideological adaptation of literary works according to communist canons in the Soviet Union. It is very important for the proper understanding of ideological translations to analyze the historical and political situation which prevailed in the years of the communist regime, when the old cultural and ideological background had been replaced with a new one. Of course, such a situation appeared to be extremely difficult for writers and translators. They had to adapt their literary talent to this new ideology and they were forced to work under the strong pressure of the Soviet communist regime. Different translation techniques usedby Samuel Marshak, as well as the most interesting examples of Marshak' s translations, are also presented in the article.
Avtor v članku primerja originalne pesmi znamenitega škotskega pesnika Roberta Burnsa z njihovimi prevodi, ki so bili narejeni v bivši Sovjetski zvezi s strani znanega in zelo popularnega pisatelja in prevajalca Samuela Marshaka. Glavni cilj razprave je nakazati, kako lahko ideološka usmerjenost vpliva na literarno prevajanje in na kakšen način se izvorni tekst spreminja in podreja ideološkim kanonom. Prav tako članek osvetljuje dilemo, s katero se mora soočati prevajalec, kadar se njegova ideološka usmerjenost razlikuje od avtorjeve in če je prisiljen uvajati drugačne postopke in metode kot avtor originala. Pesmi Roberta Burnsa so bile dejansko podrejene uradni ideološki usmerjenosti in so zaradi tega pretrpele številne transformacije in nekorektnosti v prevodu Marshaka. Politična situacija, ki je prevladovala v Sovjetski zvezi, je opisana na kratko z namenom, da bi bralcu ponudila vpogled v ideološko izhodišče. Brez razumevanja ideološkega konteksta je skoraj nemogoče dojeti koncept adaptacije in prilagajanja prevedenih literarnih del zahtevam komunistične ideologije v Sovjetski zvezi. Analiza politične situacije je pomembna za pravilno razumevanje zgodovinske situacije, ki je prevladovala v času komunističnega režima, ko so bile stare kulturne vrednote na silo zamenjane z novimi. Ideološki pritisk na prevajalce je bil izjemno težak, saj so morali svoj literarni talent podrediti uradnemu režimu. Prisiljeni so bili delati pod strogim nadzorom sovjetskega komunističnega režima. Omenjene so različne prevajalske tehnike, ki jih je uporabil Samuel Marshak za doseganje svojega glavnega cilja: promocija demokratično-komunističnih tem v skladu z vsiljenimi ideološkimi kanoni. Prav tako so navedeni najbolj zanimivi primeri prevajanja Marshaka.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
In the article the author compares poems by the Scottish national poet Robert Burns with their Russian translations made in the Soviet Union by the famous Russian poet and translator, Samuel Marshak. The main aim of the research is to show how ideology exerts pressures on literary translation and how the literary text undergoes a series of transformations or distortions depending on the stance or ideology of the author. The article is meant to highlight the dilemma that faces the translator when his/her ideology contradicts the author's. The most interesting point of this comparison is the fact that Robert Burns' poems underwent a series of ideological transformations and distortions in Marshak's translations. Marshak followed one aim: to promote social democratic themes according to the newly established canons The political situation in the Soviet Union is briefly described to make this point dear, because if the reader wants to understand the ideological background of Marshak's translations, he/she has tobe familiar with the idea of ideological adaptation of literary works according to communist canons in the Soviet Union. It is very important for the proper understanding of ideological translations to analyze the historical and political situation which prevailed in the years of the communist regime, when the old cultural and ideological background had been replaced with a new one. Of course, such a situation appeared to be extremely difficult for writers and translators. They had to adapt their literary talent to this new ideology and they were forced to work under the strong pressure of the Soviet communist regime. Different translation techniques usedby Samuel Marshak, as well as the most interesting examples of Marshak' s translations, are also presented in the article.
Avtor v članku primerja originalne pesmi znamenitega škotskega pesnika Roberta Burnsa z njihovimi prevodi, ki so bili narejeni v bivši Sovjetski zvezi s strani znanega in zelo popularnega pisatelja in prevajalca Samuela Marshaka. Glavni cilj razprave je nakazati, kako lahko ideološka usmerjenost vpliva na literarno prevajanje in na kakšen način se izvorni tekst spreminja in podreja ideološkim kanonom. Prav tako članek osvetljuje dilemo, s katero se mora soočati prevajalec, kadar se njegova ideološka usmerjenost razlikuje od avtorjeve in če je prisiljen uvajati drugačne postopke in metode kot avtor originala. Pesmi Roberta Burnsa so bile dejansko podrejene uradni ideološki usmerjenosti in so zaradi tega pretrpele številne transformacije in nekorektnosti v prevodu Marshaka. Politična situacija, ki je prevladovala v Sovjetski zvezi, je opisana na kratko z namenom, da bi bralcu ponudila vpogled v ideološko izhodišče. Brez razumevanja ideološkega konteksta je skoraj nemogoče dojeti koncept adaptacije in prilagajanja prevedenih literarnih del zahtevam komunistične ideologije v Sovjetski zvezi. Analiza politične situacije je pomembna za pravilno razumevanje zgodovinske situacije, ki je prevladovala v času komunističnega režima, ko so bile stare kulturne vrednote na silo zamenjane z novimi. Ideološki pritisk na prevajalce je bil izjemno težak, saj so morali svoj literarni talent podrediti uradnemu režimu. Prisiljeni so bili delati pod strogim nadzorom sovjetskega komunističnega režima. Omenjene so različne prevajalske tehnike, ki jih je uporabil Samuel Marshak za doseganje svojega glavnega cilja: promocija demokratično-komunističnih tem v skladu z vsiljenimi ideološkimi kanoni. Prav tako so navedeni najbolj zanimivi primeri prevajanja Marshaka.
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