prompter: how are diamonds formed?

assistant: Diamonds are formed when carbon is compressed under high pressure. This usually happens underground regarding diamonds used in jewelry.  Diamonds are also used in commercial applications due to their hardness. These lower quality diamonds come from ancient meteor impacts. One such major impact occurred in Siberia Russia.

prompter: Which celestial body has the highest amount of diamonds inside it? Describe how these diamonds are formed in this body.

assistant: The white dwarf *BPM 37093*, located 50 light-years away in the constellation Centaurus, has a diameter of 2,500-miles (4,000 km) and may have a diamond core, which would make it one of the largest diamonds in the universe.

it was predicted that as a white dwarf cools, its material should crystallize, which caused the diamond core to form.

assistant: While we are limited to that which humans can observe, the celestial body believed to hold the highest amount of diamonds is Neptune. While Neptune is a gas giant, being primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, it is thought to have a rocky core made up of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen compounds. The planet's extreme pressure and temperature condition are thought to provide a sufficient environment to encourage the creation of diamonds. The process of diamond formation in Neptune's core would theoretically be similar to the process that occurs on Earth, however at a much greater intensity due to the higher pressure and temperature conditions of the planet.

prompter: What kind of technology needs to be developed in the future to make mining diamond in Neptune economically viable?

assistant: Diamonds are formed deep within the Earth, roughly 160km below the surface in the upper mantle. This deep under the surface the temperature is about 370°C with pressures over 40GPa. The high temperatures and pressure act upon carbon materials in the upper mantle and force the atoms to form very strong bonds, where each atom is bonded to 4 other atoms of carbon. As far as we know, this is how all diamonds on earth have formed.

prompter: Are there other processes of formation of this mineral in the Universe?

assistant: Diamonds are formed over millions of years deep within the Earth’s mantle over billions of years, as a result of heat and pressure from the Earth’s gravity. Diamonds originate from carbon that became trapped in the upper or lower mantle during the creation of the Earth.

I hope this helps you to understand how are diamonds formed!

prompter: How are diamonds dug up?

assistant: Diamonds are mined through three types of diamond mining: alluvial mining, pipe mining, and marine mining.

Alluvial diamond mining takes place in riverbeds and beaches, where natural forces like wind, rain, and water currents wash diamonds from their initial deposits in kimberlite pipes to beaches and riverbeds over thousands of years.

Pipe mining is when diamond ore is extracted from volcanic pipes. The pipes are mined by digging downwards from the surface level or by sinking a shaft or slope from the surface level to the diamond-bearing pipe below.

Marine mining involves utilizing special mining ships to harvest diamonds from the ocean floor.

I hope that helps. Let me know if you have any other questions.

assistant: Open pit diamond pipe mining is the most common way to mine diamonds directly from kimberlite pipes. 

Explosive blasts loosen the diamond bearing rock, and earth mover machines load the ore into huge 300-tonne trucks that take it to a diamond processing plant.