prompter: I want to add files to an iso. The iso is large, and I'm on Linux.

assistant: To add files to an ISO on Linux, you can use the genisoimage or mkisofs command-line tools. Here's how to do it:

1. Install the genisoimage package if it's not already installed on your system. You can do this by running the following command in a terminal:
``` 
sudo apt-get install genisoimage
``` 
2. Create a directory for the files you want to add to the ISO. For example, you could create a directory called iso_files in your home directory:
``` 
mkdir ~/iso_files
``` 
3. Copy the files you want to add to the ISO into the iso_files directory.

4. Use the genisoimage command to create a new ISO image that includes the files in the iso_files directory:
``` 
genisoimage -o /path/to/new_iso.iso -r -J ~/iso_files
``` 
In this command, replace /path/to/new_iso.iso with the path and filename you want to use for the new ISO image. The -r and -J options specify that the ISO should use the Rock Ridge and Joliet extensions, which allow long filenames and other features not supported by the basic ISO 9660 format.

5. Wait for the genisoimage command to finish. This may take a while, especially if you're adding a lot of files to the ISO.

6. Once the command finishes, you should have a new ISO file that includes the files you added. You can verify this by mounting the ISO and checking that the files are present:
``` 
sudo mount /path/to/new_iso.iso /mnt/iso
ls /mnt/iso
sudo umount /mnt/iso
``` 
In this command, replace /path/to/new_iso.iso with the path and filename you used for the new ISO image. The mount command mounts the ISO at /mnt/iso, and the ls command shows the files in the mounted ISO. The umount command unmounts the ISO when you're done.

prompter: Create a shell script for this, please. But:
```
"/path/to/new_iso.iso" = "/tmp/sillywilly.iso"
```

assistant: To add files to an ISO in any Linux distribution, you can terminal with 'xorriso' tool and follow the following steps:

Step 1: Copy the files you want to add to the ISO to temporary directory.
```
mkdir ~/iso_data
cp <path to files> ~/iso_data
```

Step 2: Mount the ISO as loopback device by using the mount command:
```
sudo mount -o loop <location of iso file> /mnt/iso
```

Step 3: Use 'xorriso' tool to add files in iso_data directory to the ISO file.
```
xorriso -as mkisofs -o <new ISO file path/name> -J -R -graft-points / /~/iso_data
```

Step 4: You can now unmount original ISO and remove the temporary directory.
```
sudo unmount /mnt/iso
rmdir ~/iso_data
```

prompter: I didn't know about this utility before. Thank you very much, but can you explain what all these options mean? Is this program from gnu coreutils? If not, where can I get it?

assistant: You are welcome.
The option used in the second command mount `-o` or `--options` means the following arguments, separated by commas if more than one option is desired, will override the default mount options in `/etc/fstab`.
The argument specified, `loop`, means the `mount` command will mount the provided file in the specified loop device, but since the loop device is empty it will automatically create and assign one.

The options used in the third command xorriso `-as`, `-o`, `-J`, `-R`, and`-graft-points`. The option `-as personality` indicates that the program should emulate the provided behavior that corresponds to the argument 'personality', in this case, `mkisofs` personality.
The option `-o` or `-output` is accepted by the personality mkisofs and indicates the output file path of the ISO being generated.
The option `-J` or `-joliet` indicates the program to generate an additional Joliet directory tree along with the ISO 9660 Rock Ridge tree.
The option `-R` or `-rock` indicates to mkisofs to generate Rock Ridge extensions.
And the option `-graft-points` enables the interpretation of input file pathspecs as combination of iso_rr_path and disk_path.

No, mount and xorriso are not part of the gnu coreutils.
Mount is part of the util-linux package wich comes with the linux kernel. And the xorriso program is an independent project developed by GNU, and does not come by default in all Linux distros. To install it use `sudo apt install xorriso`.

assistant: Xorriso is a command-line tool included with libburnia, a project that develops various pieces of disk recording software. It is used to create, load, manipulate, and write ISO 9660 filesystem images with Rock Ridge extensions. Xorriso copies file objects from POSIX compliant filesystems into Rock Ridge enhanced ISO 9660 filesystems and allows session-wise manipulation of such filesystems. It can load the management information of existing ISO images and write the session results to optical media or to filesystem objects. Vice versa, xorriso is also able to copy file objects out of ISO 9660 filesystems. Xorriso can be used both as a single command-line interface and with GNU Readline and Dialog-based interfaces. 

The xorriso tool provides commands that are either actions or settings that influence following actions. Their sequence matters, unless they are given as program arguments and command -x is among them. Commands consist of a command word, followed by zero or more parameter words. If the list of parameter words is of variable length, it must be terminated by either the list delimiter, occur at the end of the argument list, or occur at the end of an input line. At program start, the list delimiter is the string "--". Pattern expansion converts a list of pattern words into a list of existing file addresses. Unmatched pattern words will appear unaltered in that result list. Pattern matching supports the usual shell parser wildcards '*' '?' '[xyz]' and respects '/' as the path separator, which may only be matched literally.

Xorriso is a program that can create, load, manipulate, and write ISO 9660 filesystem images with Rock Ridge extensions. It can also copy file objects out of ISO 9660 filesystems. A special property of xorriso is that it needs neither an external ISO 9660 formatter program nor an external burn program for CD, DVD, or BD but rather incorporates the libraries of libburnia-project.org. 




To install xorriso, there are a few methods to choose from depending on your operating system. Here are some steps to install xorriso on Ubuntu:

1. Open the terminal and run the following command to add the universe repository:

`sudo apt-add-repository universe`

2. Install xorriso by running the following command:

`sudo apt-get install xorriso`

3. Check whether xorriso has been installed correctly by running the following command:

`xorriso --version`

This should display the version number of xorriso installed on your system.

If your operating system does not offer a package "xorriso" or "libisoburn", or if they are older than version 1.2.9 (1.3.0 was released in 2013), then you can download and compile GNU xorriso. Here are the steps to compile GNU xorriso:

1. Download the latest version of xorriso from the official website:

`wget https://www.gnu.org/software/xorriso/xorriso-1.5.0.tar.gz`

2. Extract the downloaded file:

`tar xzf xorriso-1.5.0.tar.gz`

3. Change to the extracted directory:

`cd xorriso-1.5.0`

4. Configure and compile xorriso:

`./configure && make`

5. Check whether the compiled version of xorriso is willing to work:

`xorriso/xorriso`

This should display the version number of the compiled xorriso.

You can use the compiled version of xorriso with the grub-mkrescue option "–xorriso=". Obtain its absolute address with the following command:

`ls $(pwd)/xorriso/xorriso`

Then use it with the grub-mkrescue option:

`grub-mkrescue --xorriso=...absolute.address.of.xorriso...`

Note: The above instructions are specific to Ubuntu and may not be applicable to other operating systems. It is always a good practice to refer to the official documentation of the operating system or software for specific instructions on installation and usage.