곡정초속

하위 = * 본문 참조 **곡정초속**(穀精草屬, 학명: 에리오카울론)은 곡정초과의 단형 아과인 **곡정초아과**(穀精草亞科, 학명: 에리오카울로이데아이)에 속하는 유일한 속이다.Burnett, Gilbert Thomas. Outlines of Botany 416. 1835.Linnaeus, Carl von. Species Plantarum 1: 87. 1753. 대부분 여러해살이 초본식물이지만 한해살이인 것도 있다. 곡정초와 개수염을 비롯한 400여 종이 전 세계에 널리 분포하며, 특히 아시아와 아메리카의 열대 지역에 많은 종이 분포한다. 한국을 비롯한 온대 지역에도 몇 종이 분포하며, 유럽 대륙에는 자생하는 종이 없으나, 단 한 종(*E. aquaticum*)이 아일랜드와 스코틀랜드의 해안을 따라 자생한다.Sculthorpe, C. D. *The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants*. Edward Arnold. London. 1967. Reprinted 1985. Figure 11.6. 습지나 저지 삼림 같은 수분이 많은 토양에서 잘 자란다.Wilson, S. D. and P. A. Keddy. 1986. Species competitive ability and position along a natural stress/disturbance gradient. *Ecology* 67:1236-1242. 학명의 유래는 "모"를 뜻하는 고대그리스어 "에리온(ἔριον)"과 "줄기"를 뜻하는 고대그리스어 "카울로스(καυλός)"이다.
# 하위 분류
* 가지곡정초(*E. setaceum* L.) * 개수염(*E. miquelianum* Körn.) * 검은개수염(*E. parvum* Körn.) * 검은곡정초(*E. atrum* Nakai) * 곡정초(*E. cinereum* R.Br.) * 넓은잎개수염(*E. alpestre* Hook.f. & Thomson ex Körn.) * 장흥곡정초(*E. buergerianum* Körn.) * 좀개수염(*E. decemflorum* Maxim.) * 큰개수염(*E. taquetii* Lecomte) * *E. sachalinense* Miyabe & Nakai ** 애기곡정초(*E. s.* var. *kusiroense* (Miyabe & Kudô ex Satake) T.Koyama ex Miyam.) * *E. abyssinicum* Hochst. * *E. achiton* Körn. * *E. acutibracteatum* W.L.Ma * *E. acutifolium* S.M.Phillips * *E. adamesii* Meikle * *E. aethiopicum* S.M.Phillips * *E. africanum* Hochst. * *E. afzelianum* Wikstr. ex Körn. * *E. albocapitatum* Kimp. * *E. albotetrandra* P.Biju, Josekutty & Augustine * *E. alleizettei* Moldenke * *E. aloifolium* R.J.Davies * *E. alpinum* P.Royen * *E. altogibbosum* Ruhland ex Pilg. * *E. angustibracteum* Kimp. * *E. angustifolium* Körn. * *E. annamense* Lecomte * *E. ansarii* Pradeep & Sunil * *E. anshiense* Punekar, Malpure & Lakshmin. * *E. apetalum* Punekar, Malpure & Lakshmin. * *E. apiculatum* Lecomte * *E. aquaticum* (Hill) Druce * *E. aquatile* Körn. * *E. araguaiense* A.L.R.Oliveira & C.P.Bove * *E. arechavaletae* Herter * *E. arenicola* Britton & Small * *E. arfakense* P.Royen * *E. arupense* P.Royen * *E. asteroides* S.M.Phillips * *E. athertonense* G.J.Leach * *E. atratum* Körn. * *E. australasicum* (F.Muell.) Körn. * *E. australe* R.Br. * *E. balakrishnanii* Punekar, Lakshmin. & Vasudeva Rao * *E. bamendae* S.M.Phillips * *E. baramaticum* Shimpale, Bhagat, R.B.Deshmukh & S.R.Yadav * *E. barba-caprae* Fyson * *E. bassacense* Moldenke * *E. batholithicola* P.Royen * *E. beauverdii* Moldenke * *E. belgaumensis* Shimpale & S.R.Yadav * *E. benthamii* Kunth * *E. bhutanicum* Noltie * *E. biappendiculatum* Manudev, Robi & Nampy * *E. bicolor* Kimp. * *E. bilobatum* Morong * *E. bolei* Bole & M.R.Almeida * *E. bongense* Engl. & Ruhland * *E. boni* Lecomte * *E. brachypeplon* Körn. * *E. brevipedunculatum* Merr. ** *E. b.* var. *longipes* Moldenke * *E. breviscapum* Körn. * *E. bromelioideum* Lecomte * *E. brownianum* Mart. * *E. brunonis* Britten * *E. buchananii* Ruhland ** *E. b.* var. *andongense* (Welw. ex Rendle) Kimp. * *E. burchellii* Ruhland * *E. burttii* S.M.Phillips * *E. caaguazuense* Ruhland * *E. cabralense* Silveira * *E. caesium* Griseb. * *E. candidum* Moldenke * *E. capitulatum* Moldenke * *E. carajense* Moldenke * *E. carpentariae* G.J.Leach * *E. carsonii* F.Muell. ** *E. c.* subsp. *euloense* R.J.Davies ** *E. c.* subsp. *orientale* R.J.Davies * *E. catopsioides* S.M.Phillips * *E. celebicum* P.Royen * *E. ceylanicum* Körn. * *E. chantaranothaii* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. cheemenianum* P.Biju, K.S.Prasad, Augustine & R.Ansari * *E. cherrapunjianum* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. chiangmaiense* Praj. & J.Parn. ** *E. c.* subsp. *leucanthemum* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. chinorossicum* Kom. * *E. chloanthe* S.M.Phillips * *E. cipoense* Silveira * *E. clarksonii* G.J.Leach * *E. collettii* Hook.f. * *E. compressum* Lam. ** *E. c.* var. *harperi* Moldenke * *E. comptonii* Rendle * *E. concretum* F.Muell. * *E. congolense* Moldenke * *E. conicum* (Fyson) C.E.C.Fisch. * *E. coniferum* Herzog * *E. cookei* Punekar, Malpure & Lakshmin. * *E. crassiscapum* Bong. * *E. crassiusculum* Lye * *E. cristatum* Mart. * *E. cryptocephalum* S.M.Phillips & Mesterházy * *E. cubense* Ruhland * *E. cuspidatum* Dalzell * *E. cylindratum* A.L.R.Oliveira & C.P.Bove * *E. dalzellii* Körn. * *E. damazianum* Beauverd * *E. decangulare* L. ** *E. d.* f. *latifolium* (Chapm. ex Moldenke) Moldenke ** *E. d.* var. *minor* Moldenke * *E. deightonii* Meikle * *E. densum* Mart. ex Colla * *E. denticulum* Kimp. * *E. depauperatum* Merr. * *E. depressum* R.Br. ex Sm. * *E. desulavii* Tzvelev * *E. devendranii* Vijaya Sankar, K.Ravik. & Ganesh Babu * *E. dictyophyllum* Körn. * *E. diloloense* Kimp. * *E. dimerum* (Giul. & E.B.Miranda) A.L.R.Oliveira * *E. dimorphopetalum* Moldenke * *E. disepalum* Ridl. * *E. distichoides* Mangen * *E. dregei* Hochst. * *E. duthiei* Hook.f. * *E. eberhardtii* Lecomte * *E. echinaceum* P.Royen * *E. echinospermoideum* Ruhland * *E. echinospermum* C.Wright * *E. echinulatum* Mart. * *E. edwardii* Fyson * *E. ehrenbergianum* Klotzsch ex Körn. * *E. ekmannii* Ruhland * *E. elegantulum* Engl. * *E. elenorae* Fyson * *E. elichrysoides* Bong. * *E. ensiforme* C.E.C.Fisch. * *E. epapillosum* Ruhland * *E. epedunculatum* Potdar, Anil Kumar bis, Otaghvari & Sonkar * *E. ermeiense* W.L.Ma ex Z.X.Zhang * *E. escape* B.F.Hansen * *E. eurypeplon* Körn. * *E. exsertum* Satake * *E. faberi* Ruhland * *E. fenestratum* Bojer ex Körn. * *E. fenshamii* G.J.Leach * *E. fistulosum* R.Br. ex Sm. * *E. flumineum* Moldenke * *E. fluviatile* Trimen * *E. fuliginosum* Griseb. * *E. fulvum* N.E.Br. * *E. fuscum* S.M.Phillips * *E. fysonii* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. gardnerianum* A.L.R.Oliveira * *E. gibbosum* Körn. * *E. giganticum* R.J.Davies * *E. giluwense* P.Royen * *E. glabripetalum* W.L.Ma * *E. glandulosum* Kimp. * *E. glaucum* Griff. * *E. glaziovii* Ruhland * *E. gomphrenoides* Kunth * *E. gopalakrishnanum* K.Rashmi & G.Krishnak. * *E. govindianum* Sunil & Ratheesh * *E. graphitinum* F.Muell. & Tate ex Ewart & Cookson * *E. gregatum* Körn. * *E. griseum* Körn. * *E. guyanense* Körn. ex D.Dietr. * *E. hamiltonianum* Mart. ** *E. h.* var. *acuminatum* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. hayatanum* T.Koyama * *E. heleocharioides* Satake * *E. henryanum* Ruhland * *E. herzogii* Moldenke * *E.* × * hessii* Moldenke * *E. heterochiton* Körn. * *E. heterodoxum* Moldenke * *E. heterogynum* F.Muell. * *E. heterolepis* Steud. * *E. heteromallum* Bong. * *E. heteropeplon* Silveira * *E. hildebrandtii* Körn. ex Ruhland * *E. homotepalum* T.Koyama * *E. hookerianum* Stapf * *E. hooperae* Moldenke * *E. huanchacanum* Hensold * *E. huianum* Ruhland * *E. humboldtii* Kunth * *E. hydrophilum* Markötter * *E. idukkianum* Manudev, Robi & Nampy * *E. inapertum* G.J.Leach * *E. infaustum* N.E.Br. * *E. infirmum* Steud. ** *E. i.* var. *kurzii* (Fyson) Moldenke * *E. inundatum* Moldenke * *E. inyangense* Arw. * *E. iringense* S.M.Phillips * *E. irregulare* Meikle * *E. jaliscanum* S.Watson * *E. japonicum* Körn. * *E. jauense* Moldenke * *E. johnstonii* Ruhland * *E. jordanii* (Moldenke) Meikle * *E. kainantense* Masam. * *E. kanarense* Punekar, Watve & Lakshmin. * *E. kannurense* Sunil, Ratheesh & Nandakumar * *E. karnatakense* S.P.Gaikwad, Sardesai, U.S.Yadav & S.R.Yadav * *E. kinabaluense* P.Royen * *E. kinlochii* Moldenke * *E. kiusianum* Maxim. * *E. koernickei* Britton * *E. koernickianum* Van Heurck & Müll.Arg. * *E. kolhapurense* S.P.Gaikwad, Sardesai & S.R.Yadav * *E. komarovii* Tzvelev * *E. konkanense* Punekar, Malpure & Lakshmin. * *E. koynense* Punekar, Mungikar & Lakshmin. * *E. kunmingense* Z.X.Zhang * *E. lanatum* H.E.Hess * *E. lanceolatum* Miq. ex Körn. * *E. laniceps* S.M.Phillips * *E. lanigerum* Lecomte * *E. laosense* Moldenke * *E. lasiolepis* Ruhland * *E. latifolium* Sm. * *E. laxifolium* Körn. * *E. leianthum* W.L.Ma * *E. leptophyllum* Kunth * *E. leucogenes* Ridl. * *E. leucomelas* Steud. * *E. liberisepalum* Z.X.Zhang * *E. ligulatum* (Vell.) L.B.Sm. * *E. lineare* Small * *E. linearifolium* Körn. * *E. linearitepalum* Kimp. * *E. lividum* F.Muell. * *E. longicuspe* Hook.f. ** *E. l.* var. *zeylanicum* Moldenke * *E. longipedunculatum* Lecomte * *E. longipetalum* Rendle * *E. longirostrum* Silveira & Ruhland * *E. lustratum* P.Royen * *E. macrobolax* Körn. * *E. maculatum* Schinz * *E. madagascariense* Moldenke * *E. madayiparense* Swapna, K.P.Rajesh, Manju & Prakashk. * *E. magnificum* Ruhland ** *E. m.* var. *goyazense* Moldenke * *E. magnum* Abbiatti * *E. maharashtrense* Punekar & Lakshmin. * *E. majusculum* Ruhland * *E. malabaricum* Pradeep & Nampy * *E. mamfeense* Meikle * *E. mangshanense* W.L.Ma * *E. mannii* N.E.Br. * *E. manoharanii* Sunil & Naveen Kum. * *E. margaretae* Fyson * *E. maronderanum* S.M.Phillips * *E. matopense* Rendle * *E. mbalensis* S.M.Phillips * *E. meeboldii* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. megapotamicum* Malme * *E. meiklei* Moldenke * *E. melanocephalum* Kunth * *E. melanolepis* Silveira * *E. mesanthemoides* Ruhland * *E. microcephalum* Kunth * *E. mikawanum* Satake & T.Koyama * *E. milhoense* Herzog * *E. minimum* Lam. * *E. minusculum* Moldenke * *E. minutissimum* Ruhland * *E. minutum* Hook.f. * *E. miserrimum* Ruhland * *E. miserum* Körn. * *E. misionum* A.Cast. * *E. modestum* Kunth * *E. modicum* S.M.Phillips * *E. mokalense* Moldenke * *E. molinae* L.O.Williams * *E. monococcon* Nakai * *E. monoscapum* F.Muell. * *E. montanum* P.Royen * *E. mulanjeanum* S.M.Phillips * *E. multiscapum* A.L.R.Oliveira * *E. mutatum* N.E.Br. ** *E. m.* var. *angustisepalum* (H.E.Hess) S.M.Phillips ** *E. m.* var. *majus* S.M.Phillips * *E. nadjae* S.M.Phillips * *E. nairii* Chandrab. & V.Chandras. * *E. nantoense* Hayata ** *E. n.* var. *micropetalum* W.L.Ma * *E. nanum* R.Br. * *E. nautiliforme* Lecomte * *E. nautiliformoides* Praj. & J.Parn. ** *E. n.* var. *hexagynum* Praj. & Chantar. * *E. neglectum* Ruhland * *E. nematophyllum* G.J.Leach * *E. neocaledonicum* Schltr. * *E. nepalense* J.D.Prescott ex Bong. ** *E. n.* var. *luzulifolium* (Mart.) Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. nigericum* Meikle * *E. nigriceps* Merr. * *E. nigrobracteatum* E.L.Bridges & Orzell * *E. nigrocapitatum* Kimp. * *E. nigrum* Lecomte * *E. novoguineense* P.Royen * *E. nudicuspe* Maxim. * *E. obclavatum* Satake * *E. obtriangulare* Kimp. * *E. obtusum* Ruhland * *E. odashimai* Masam. * *E. odontospermum* G.J.Leach * *E. odoratum* Dalzell * *E. officinale* Körn. * *E. oreadum* P.Royen * *E. oryzetorum* Mart. * *E. ovoideum* Britton & Small * *E. ozense* T.Koyama * *E. pachystroma* P.Royen * *E. palghatense* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. pallescens* (Nakai) Satake * *E. pallidum* R.Br. * *E. paludicola* Silveira * *E. palustre* Salm-Dyck ex Steud. * *E. panagudianum* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. panamense* Moldenke * *E. pancheri* Lecomte ex Guillaumin & Beauvis. * *E. papillosum* Körn. * *E. paradoxum* Moldenke * *E. paraguayense* Körn. * *E. parkeri* B.L.Rob. * *E. parnellii* Praj. & Chantar. * *E. parvicapitulatum* Moldenke * *E. parvicephalum* Darsh., R.K.Choudhary, Datar & Tamhankar * *E. parviflorum* (Fyson) R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. parvitepalum* Kimp. * *E. parvulum* S.M.Phillips * *E. patericola* G.J.Leach * *E. pectinatum* Ruhland * *E. peninsulare* Punekar & Lakshmin. * *E. periyarense* Sunil, Naveen Kum. & Remya Kr. * *E. perplexum* Satake & H.Hara * *E. peruvianum* Ruhland * *E. petraeum* S.M.Phillips & Burgt * *E. phatamense* Praj. & Chantar. * *E. philippo-coburgii* Szyszyl. ex Wawra * *E. phuchongense* Praj. & Chantar. * *E. phuphanense* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. phuphanoides* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. pictum* Fritsch * *E. pilgeri* Ruhland * *E. piliflorum* Ruhland * *E. pilosissimum* P.Royen * *E. pioraense* P.Royen * *E. plumale* N.E.Br. ** *E. p.* subsp. *jaegeri* (Moldenke) Meikle ** *E. p.* subsp. *kindiae* (Lecomte) Meikle * *E. plumbeum* Mart. ex Colla * *E. polhillii* S.M.Phillips * *E. poluense* F.T.Wang & Tang * *E. porembskii* S.M.Phillips & Mesterházy * *E. pradeepii* Anto & Reshma * *E. pringlei* S.Watson * *E. psammophilum* S.M.Phillips * *E. pseudocompressum* Ruhland * *E. pseudoescape* Prajaksood & Chantar. * *E. pseudoquinquangulare* Ruhland * *E. pseudotruncatum* Z.X.Zhang * *E. pubigerum* Bong. * *E. pulchellum* Körn. * *E. pulvinatum* P.Royen * *E. pusillum* R.Br. * *E. pygmaeum* Sol. ex Sm. * *E. pykarense* Nampy & Manudev * *E. quinquangulare* L. ** *E. q.* subsp. *longibracteatum* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. radiosum* (Ruhland) A.L.R.Oliveira * *E. raipurense* K.K.Khanna & Mudgal & An.Kumar * *E. rajendrababui* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. ramnadense* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. ramocaulon* Kimp. * *E. ratnagiricum* S.R.Yadav, S.P.Gaikwad & Sardesai * *E. ravenelii* Chapm. * *E. recurvibracteum* Kimp. * *E. regnellii* Moldenke * *E. reitzii* Moldenke & L.B.Sm. * *E. remotum* Lecomte * *E. richardianum* (Fyson) R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. ritchieanum* Ruhland * *E. rivicola* G.J.Leach, M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett * *E. robustobrownianum* Ruhland * *E. robustum* Steud. * *E. rockianum* Hand.-Mazz. ** *E. r.* var. *latifolium* W.L.Ma * *E. rosenii* (Pax) Lye * *E. roseum* Fyson * *E. rosulatum* Körn. * *E. rouxianum* Steud. * *E. rubescens* Moldenke * *E. rufum* Lecomte * *E. saccatum* P.Royen * *E. santapaui* Moldenke * *E. scariosum* Sm. * *E. schiedeanum* Körn. * *E. schimperi* Körn. ex Ruhland * *E. schippii* Standl. ex Moldenke * *E. schischkinii* Tzvelev * *E. schlechteri* Ruhland * *E. schochianum* Hand.-Mazz. * *E. schultzii* Benth. * *E. sclerocephalum* Ruhland * *E. sclerophyllum* W.L.Ma * *E. scorpionensis* P.Royen * *E. scullionii* G.J.Leach * *E. sedgwickii* Fyson * *E. seemannii* Moldenke * *E. sellowianum* Kunth ** *E. s.* var. *minor* Moldenke ** *E. s.* var. *paranense* (Moldenke) Moldenke & L.B.Sm. * *E. selousii* S.M.Phillips * *E. senegalense* N.E.Br. * *E. sessile* Meikle * *E. sexangulare* L. * *E. sharmae* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. siamense* Moldenke ** *E. s.* var. *hexagynum* Praj. & Chantar. ** *E. s.* var. *macrophyllum* Praj. & J.Parn. * *E. sigmoideum* C.Wright * *E. silicicola* Ridl. * *E. silveirae* Moldenke * *E. similischimperi* Kimp. * *E. similitepalum* Kimp. * *E. sinealaeum* Kimp. * *E. singulare* Moldenke * *E. sivarajanii* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. smitinandii* Moldenke * *E. sollyanum* Royle * *E. sonderianum* Körn. * *E. soucherei* Moldenke * *E. sparganioides* Bong. * *E. spectabile* F.Muell. * *E. spongiola* Hensold * *E. spongiosifolium* Silveira * *E. spruceanum* Körn. * *E. stellulatum* Körn. * *E. stenophyllum* R.E.Fr. * *E. steyermarkii* Moldenke ** *E. s.* var. *bahiense* Moldenke * *E. stipantepalum* Kimp. * *E. striatum* Lam. * *E. strictum* Milne-Redh. * *E. subglaucum* Ruhland * *E. submersum* Welw. ex Rendle * *E. sulanum* S.M.Phillips & Burgt * *E. sumatranum* Ruhland * *E. taeniophyllum* S.M.Phillips * *E. taishanense* F.Z.Li * *E. takae* Koidz. * *E. talbotii* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. tanakae* Ruhland * *E. tenuifolium* Klotzsch ex Körn. * *E. tepicanum* Moldenke * *E. teusczii* Engl. & Ruhland * *E. texense* Körn. * *E. thailandicum* Moldenke * *E. thouarsii* Lecomte * *E. thwaitesii* Körn. * *E. thysanocephalum* S.M.Phillips * *E. tingilomum* S.M.Phillips & Mesterházy * *E. togoense* Moldenke * *E. tortuosum* F.Muell. * *E. transvaalicum* N.E.Br. ** *E. t.* subsp. *dembianense* (Chiov.) S.M.Phillips ** *E. t.* subsp. *hanningtonii* (N.E.Br.) S.M.Phillips ** *E. t.* subsp. *tofieldifolium* (Schinz) S.M.Phillips * *E. tricornum* G.J.Leach * *E. trilobatum* Ruhland * *E. trisectoides* Satake * *E. truncatum* Buch.-Ham. ex Mart. ** *E. t.* var. *florensense* Z.X.Zhang * *E. tuberiferum* A.R.Kulk. & Desai * *E. tubiflorum* P.Royen * *E. tuyamae* Satake * *E. ubonense* Lecomte ** *E. u.* subsp. *hexagynum* Praj. & Chantar. * *E. ulaei* Ruhland * *E. ussuriense* Körn. ex Regel * *E. vandaanamense* Sunil, Ratheesh & Sivad. * *E. varium* Kimp. * *E. vasudevanii* R.Ansari & N.P.Balakr. * *E. vaupesense* Moldenke * *E. volkensii* Engl. * *E. walkeri* Hook.f. * *E. wayanadense* Vivek, Swapna & K.K.Suresh * *E. weddellianum* A.L.R.Oliveira * *E. welwitschii* Rendle * *E. wightianum* Mart. * *E. wildii* S.M.Phillips * *E. willdenovianum* Moldenke * *E. williamsii* Moldenke * *E. wolseleyi* G.J.Leach * *E. woodsonianum* Moldenke * *E. xenopodion* T.Koyama * *E. xeranthemum* Mart. * *E. zambesiense* Ruhland * *E. zollingerianum* Körn. * *E. zyotanii* Satake