레드햇 엔터프라이즈 리눅스

기본 유저 인터페이스=GNOME **레드햇 엔터프라이즈 리눅스**(Red Hat Enterprise Linux)는 레드햇이 개발한 컴퓨터 운영 체제이다. 18~24개월에 한 번씩 새로운 버전이 공개되며 라이선스는 별도로 판매하지 않고 있으며 서브스크립션 커머스의 형태로 요금을 지불하는 방식으로 계약된다. 기술 지원은 버전마다 출시 시점으로부터 7년 동안 제공된다. 계약기간 중에는 추가 비용 없이 업그레이드 및 다운그레이드를 자유롭게 실시할 수 있다. 상업용 패키지는 구입해야 하지만 소스 코드는 레드햇의 FTP 사이트를 통해 공개되어 있다. 또, 레드햇은 RHEL의 운영 기술 자격증을 제공하고 있다. 운용 기술자의 인정 자격으로는 RHCSA나 RHCE, RHCA 등의 자격이 있다. RHEL에는 버전 4까지는 다음의 4 종류의 버전이 있었다. * Red Hat Desktop(데스크톱 용도 전용) * WS (워크스테이션 용도 전용) * ES (엔트리 클래스의 서버 전용) * AS (비교적 대규모 서버 전용) 버전 5에서는 데스크톱, 베이스 서버, 고급 플랫폼, 이렇게 세 가지 버전으로 나뉜다. 구매 방법은 RHEL의 종류와 지원시간(12시간 / 24시간), 지원기간(1년 / 3년)의 편성에 따라 한층 세밀하게 나뉜다. RHEL는 레드햇 리눅스(RHL)에 유래하는 버전이지만 레드햇 리눅스에 비해 개발 주기가 제대로 유지, 관리되고 있다. 지금은 페도라의 버전을 활용하고 있다.
# RHEL의 기반
* Red Hat Linux 6.2 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2E * Red Hat Linux 7.2 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 * Red Hat Linux 9 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 * Fedora Core 3 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 * Fedora Core 6 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 * Fedora 12,13 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 * Fedora 19,20 → Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 CentOS나 사이언티픽 리눅스, StartCom Linux, White Box Enterprise Linux 등은 레드햇이 구독자에게 공개하고 있는 소스 코드를 포크하여 상표를 제거하고 무상으로 이용할 수 있도록 배포하는 것으로, RHEL와의 호환성을 목표로 하고 있다.
# 역사
ImageSize = width:900 height:430 PlotArea = right:30 left:30 bottom:60 top:30 DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/2000 till:01/01/2030 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal Legend = orientation:vertical position:bottom columns:2 Colors = id:production value:green Legend:Production id:extended value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.2) Legend:Extended_support id:lightline value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) BackgroundColors = canvas:white ScaleMajor = gridcolor:lightline unit:year increment:1 start:01/01/2000 Define $vshift = 15 # move text above the bars PlotData= bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:07/05/2019 till:07/05/2019 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 8" barset:break color:production from:07/05/2019 till:05/11/2019 shift:(-12,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:05/11/2019 till:28/04/2020 shift:(-12,$vshift) text:".1" barset:breaks color:production from:28/04/2020 till:29/10/2020 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:29/10/2020 till:18/05/2021 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:18/05/2021 till:09/11/2021 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:09/11/2021 till:31/12/2029 shift:(-120,$vshift) text:".5" bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:10/06/2014 till:10/06/2014 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 7" barset:break color:production from:10/06/2014 till:05/03/2015 shift:(-16,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:05/03/2015 till:19/11/2015 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:19/11/2015 till:03/11/2016 shift:(-20,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:03/11/2016 till:01/08/2017 shift:(-16,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:01/08/2017 till:10/04/2018 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:10/04/2018 till:30/10/2018 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:30/10/2018 till:06/08/2019 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:06/08/2019 till:31/03/2020 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".7" barset:break color:production from:31/03/2020 till:29/09/2020 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".8" barset:break color:production from:29/09/2020 till:30/06/2024 shift:(-58,$vshift) text:".9" barset:break color:extended from:01/07/2024 till:30/06/2026 bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:10/11/2010 till:10/11/2010 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 6" barset:break color:production from:10/11/2010 till:19/05/2011 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:19/05/2011 till:06/12/2011 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:06/12/2011 till:20/06/2012 shift:(-14,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:20/06/2012 till:21/02/2013 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:21/02/2013 till:21/11/2013 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:21/11/2013 till:13/10/2014 shift:(-20,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:13/10/2014 till:22/07/2015 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:22/07/2015 till:10/05/2016 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".7" barset:break color:production from:10/05/2016 till:21/03/2017 shift:(-18,$vshift) text:".8" barset:break color:production from:21/03/2017 till:19/06/2018 shift:(-23,$vshift) text:".9" barset:break color:production from:19/06/2018 till:30/11/2020 shift:(-45,$vshift) text:".10" barset:break color:extended from:30/11/2020 till:30/06/2024 bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:14/03/2007 till:14/03/2007 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 5" barset:break color:production from:14/03/2007 till:07/11/2007 shift:(-14,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:07/11/2007 till:21/05/2008 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:21/05/2008 till:20/01/2009 shift:(-16,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:20/01/2009 till:02/09/2009 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:02/09/2009 till:30/03/2010 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:30/03/2010 till:13/01/2011 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:13/01/2011 till:21/07/2011 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:21/07/2011 till:20/02/2012 shift:(-14,$vshift) text:".7" barset:break color:production from:20/02/2012 till:07/01/2013 shift:(-19,$vshift) text:".8" barset:break color:production from:07/01/2013 till:01/10/2013 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".9" barset:break color:production from:01/10/2013 till:16/09/2014 shift:(-24,$vshift) text:".10" barset:break color:production from:16/09/2014 till:31/03/2017 shift:(-47,$vshift) text:".11" barset:break color:extended from:31/03/2017 till:30/11/2020 bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:15/02/2005 till:15/02/2005 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 4" barset:break color:production from:15/02/2005 till:08/06/2005 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:08/06/2005 till:05/10/2005 shift:(-10,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:05/10/2005 till:12/03/2006 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:12/03/2006 till:10/08/2006 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:10/08/2006 till:01/05/2007 shift:(-15,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:01/05/2007 till:15/11/2007 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:15/11/2007 till:29/07/2008 shift:(-16,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:29/07/2008 till:19/05/2009 shift:(-16,$vshift) text:".7" barset:break color:production from:19/05/2009 till:16/02/2011 shift:(-31,$vshift) text:".8" barset:break color:production from:16/02/2011 till:29/02/2012 shift:(-21,$vshift) text:".9" barset:break color:extended from:29/02/2012 till:31/03/2017 bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:22/10/2003 till:22/10/2003 shift:(-55,-4) text:"RHEL 3" barset:break color:production from:22/10/2003 till:16/01/2004 shift:(-12,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:16/01/2004 till:12/05/2004 shift:(-10,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:12/05/2004 till:03/09/2004 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:03/09/2004 till:12/12/2004 shift:(-10,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:12/12/2004 till:18/05/2005 shift:(-12,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:18/05/2005 till:28/09/2005 shift:(-12,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:28/09/2005 till:17/03/2006 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:17/03/2006 till:20/07/2006 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".7" barset:break color:production from:20/07/2006 till:15/06/2007 shift:(-19,$vshift) text:".8" barset:break color:production from:15/06/2007 till:31/10/2010 shift:(-53,$vshift) text:".9" barset:break color:extended from:31/10/2010 till:30/01/2014 bar: color:production mark:(line,white) align:left fontsize:M from:26/03/2002 till:26/03/2002 shift:(-62,-4) text:"RHEL 2.1" barset:break color:production from:26/03/2002 till:14/02/2003 shift:(-17,$vshift) text:".0" barset:break color:production from:14/02/2003 till:29/05/2003 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".1" barset:break color:production from:29/05/2003 till:19/12/2003 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".2" barset:break color:production from:19/12/2003 till:21/04/2004 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".3" barset:break color:production from:21/04/2004 till:18/08/2004 shift:(-13,$vshift) text:".4" barset:break color:production from:18/08/2004 till:13/12/2004 shift:(-11,$vshift) text:".5" barset:break color:production from:13/12/2004 till:28/04/2005 shift:(-10,$vshift) text:".6" barset:break color:production from:28/04/2005 till:31/05/2009 shift:(-62,$vshift) text:".7" TextData = pos:(275,430) fontsize:L textcolor:black text:"Red Hat Enterprise Linux release timeline" * Red Hat Linux 6.2E (Zoot) 발표일 2000년 3월 27일 * RHEL 2 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 AS (Pensacola), 2002-03-*** 23. Uses Linux 2. 4.9-e.3
*** Update 1, 2003-02-14 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.12)
*** Update 2, 2003-05-29 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.24)
*** Update 3, 2003-12-19 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.34)
*** Update 4, 2004-04-21 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.40)
*** Update 5, 2004-08-18 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.49)
*** Update 6, 2004-12-13 (kernel 2. 4.9-e.57)
*** Update 7, 2005-04-28
** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 ES (Panama), May 2003 * RHEL3 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (Taroon), 2003-10-*** 22. Uses Linux 2. 4.21-4
*** Update 1, 2004-01-16 (kernel 2. 4.21-9)
*** Update 2, 2004-05-12 (kernel 2. 4.21-15)
*** Update 3, 2004-09-03 (kernel 2. 4.21-20)
*** Update 4, 2004-12-12 (kernel 2. 4.21-27)
*** Update 5, 2005-05-18 (kernel 2. 4.21-32)
*** Update 6, 2005-09-28 (kernel 2. 4.21-37)
*** Update 7, 2006-03-17 (kernel 2. 4.21-40)
*** Update 8, 2006-07-20 (kernel 2. 4.21-47)
*** Update 9, 2007-06-15 (kernel 2. 4.21-50)
* RHEL4 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (Nahant), 2005-02-*** 15. Uses Linux kernel 2. 6.9-5
*** 4.1, also termed Update 1, 2005-06-08 (kernel 2. 6.9-11)
*** 4.2, also termed Update 2, 2005-10-05 (kernel 2. 6.9-22)
*** 4.3, also termed Update 3, 2006-03-12 (kernel 2. 6.9-34)
*** 4.4, also termed Update 4, 2006-08-10 (kernel 2. 6.9-42)
*** 4.5, also termed Update 5, 2007-05-01 (kernel 2. 6.9-55)
*** 4.6, also termed Update 6, 2007-11-15 (kernel 2. 6.9-67)
*** 4.7, also termed Update 7, 2008-07-29 (kernel 2. 6.9-78)
*** 4.8, also termed Update 8, 2009-05-19 (kernel 2. 6.9-89)
*** 4.9, also termed Update 9, 2011-02-16 (kernel 2. 6.9-100)
* RHEL5 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (Tikanga), 2007-03-*** 14. Uses Linux kernel 2. 6.18-8
*** 5.1, also termed Update 1, 2007-11-07 (kernel 2. 6.18-53)
*** 5.2, also termed Update 2, 2008-05-21 (kernel 2. 6.18-92)
*** 5.3, also termed Update 3, 2009-01-20 (kernel 2. 6.18-128)
*** 5.4, also termed Update 4, 2009-09-02 (kernel 2. 6.18-164)
*** 5.5, also termed Update 5, 2010-03-30 (kernel 2. 6.18-194)
*** 5.6, also termed Update 6, 2011-01-13 (kernel 2. 6.18-238)
*** 5.7, also termed Update 7, 2011-07-21 (kernel 2. 6.18-274)
*** 5.8, also termed Update 8, 2012-02-20 (kernel 2. 6.18-308)
*** 5.9, also termed Update 9, 2013-01-07 (kernel 2. 6.18-348)
*** 5.10, also termed Update 10, 2013-10-01 (kernel 2. 6.18-371)
*** 5.11, also termed Update 11, 2014-09-16 (kernel 2. 6.18-398)
* RHEL6 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (Santiago), 2010-11-10 Uses Linux kernel 2. 6.32-71
*** 6.1, also termed Update 1, 2011-05-19 (kernel 2. 6.32-131)
*** 6.2, also termed Update 2, 2011-12-06 (kernel 2. 6.32-220)
*** 6.3, also termed Update 3, 2012-06-20 (kernel 2. 6.32-279)
*** 6.4, also termed Update 4, 2013-02-21 (kernel 2. 6.32-358)
*** 6.5, also termed Update 5, 2013-11-21 (kernel 2. 6.32-431)
*** 6.6, also termed Update 6, 2014-10-13 (kernel 2. 6.32-504)
*** 6.7, also termed Update 7, 2015-07-22 (kernel 2. 6.32-573)
*** 6.8, also termed Update 8, 2016-05-10 (kernel 2. 6.32-642)
*** 6.9, also termed Update 9, 2017-03-21 (kernel 2. 6.32-696)
*** 6.10, also termed Update 10, 2018-06-19 (kernel 2. 6.32-754) * RHEL7 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 (Maipo), 2014-06-10 Uses Linux kernel 3. 10.0-123
*** 7.1, also termed Update 1, 2015-03-05 (kernel 3. 10.0-229)
*** 7.2, also termed Update 2, 2015-11-19 (kernel 3. 10.0-327)
*** 7.3, also termed Update 3, 2016-11-03 (kernel 3. 10.0-514)
*** 7.4, also termed Update 4, 2017-07-31 (kernel 3. 10.0-693)
*** 7.5, also termed Update 5, 2018-04-10 (kernel 3. 10.0-862)
*** 7.6, also termed Update 6, 2018-10-30 (kernel 3. 10.0-957) *** 7.7, also termed Update 7, 2019-08-06 (kernel 3. 10.0-1062) *** 7.8, also termed Update 8, 2020-03-31 (kernel 3. 10.0-1127) *** 7.9, also termed Update 9, 2020-09-29 (kernel 3. 10.0-1160)
* RHEL8 ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 (Ootpa)은 Fedora 28, 업스트림 리눅스 커널 4.18, systemd 239 및 그놈 3.28을 기반으로 한다. 첫 번째 베타 버전은 2018년 11월 14일에 발표되었다. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8은 공식적으로 2019-05-07에 발표되었다. ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0 (Ootpa), 2019-05-07 (kernel 4.18.0-80) ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1 (Ootpa), 2019-11-05 (kernel 4.18.0-147) ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 (Ootpa), 2020-04-28 (kernel 4.18.0-193) ** Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.3 (Ootpa), 2020-11-03 (kernel 4.18.0-240) 버전을 읽을 때 한때 "RHEL 4 업데이트 5"로 불렀던 것은 표기 방식이 바뀌어 이제는 4.5로 부른다. RedHat site 에서의 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release Dates:
https://access.redhat.com/articles/3078