NLK-NML/MeSH-CZ-2025-notes huggingface dataset:
penaeidin 5, Fenneropenaeus chinensis: isolated from the chinese shrimp; genbank ay669323
penaeidin, Fenneropenaeus indicus: isoform of penaeidin from the hemocytes of indian white shrimp, fenneropenaeus indicus
penaeidin, Metapenaeus monoceros: isoform of penaeidin from the hemocytes of indian pink shrimp, pink shrimp, metapenaeus monoceros
penalbumin protein, Pygoscelis adeliae: major sulfhydryl-containing glycoprotein in penguin egg white; mw 61,000
penaresidin B: activates the atpase activity of actomyosin; isolated from the okinawan marine sponge penares
penasulfate A: alpha-glucosidase inhibitor from a marine sponge penares sp.
pendolmycin: indole alkaloid from nocardiopsis; inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol turnover & binding of epidermal growth factor
pendulin: contains armadillo repeats; displays extensive sequence similarity with yeast srp1 and xenopus importin; required for normal cell proliferation in drosophila; amino acid sequence given in first source
pendulone: antiparasitic and antimicrobial isoflavanquinone from abrus schimperi
peneciraistin C: isolated from the saline soil derived fungus penicillium raistrickii
penersin: combination of indigocarmine dye & antibiotics used in bovine mastitis therapy; russian drug
penetratin (43-58), human: derived from the homeodomain of penetratin, a cell penetrating peptide
penianthic acid, methyl ester: from the stems of burasaïa madagascarensis thouars (menispermaceae)
penibruguieramine A: from the endophytic fungus penicillium sp. gd6 associated with chinese mangrove bruguiera gymnorrhiza
peniciaculin A: antimicrobial from penicillium aculeatum sd-321, a deep sea sediment-derived fungus
peniciaculin B: antimicrobial from penicillium aculeatum sd-321, a deep sea sediment-derived fungus
peniciadametizine A: has antifungal activity; isolated from penicillium adametzioides
peniciadametizine B: has antifungal activity; isolated from penicillium adametzioides
penicibilaene A: from the marine isolate of penicillium bilaiae ma-267.
penicibilaene B: from the marine isolate of penicillium bilaiae ma-267.
penicidone A: cytotoxic alkaloidal metabolite of an endophytic penicillium sp.
penicidone B: cytotoxic alkaloidal metabolite of an endophytic penicillium sp.
penicidone C: cytotoxic alkaloidal metabolite of an endophytic penicillium sp.
penicifuran A: from a sponge-derived penicillium sp.; exhibited inhibitory activity against staphylococcus albus
peniciherquamide A: anti-hepatitis c virus diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivative from penicillium herquei; has
penicilactone: from the marine-derived fungus penicillium sp. psu-f44
penicilfuranone A: antifibrotic from the plant endophytic fungus penicillium sp. sh18
penicillactone A: isolated from an endophytic microorganism, penicillium dangeardii pitt.
penicillactone B: isolated from an endophytic microorganism, penicillium dangeardii pitt.
penicillactone C: isolated from an endophytic microorganism, penicillium dangeardii pitt.
penicillamine-albumin disulfide: found in plasma & synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
penicillamine-glutathione mixed disulfide: rn given refers to 2-1'-disulfide
penicillamyl-alpha-aminoisobutyric acid: an acetaldehyde sequestration agent
penicillamyl-beta-alanine: an acetaldehyde sequestration agent
penicillenone: from penicillium sp. jp-1, an endophytic fungus associated with the mangrove plant aegiceras corniculatum
penicillin F: rn given refers to (2s-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; rn for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 3/91
penicillin G, penicillin G procaine drug combination: contains 75% benzylpenicillin procaine & 25% benzylpenicillin sodium; rn given refers to pen g-procaine pen g mixture
penicillin K: biosynthesized from glutathione s-derivatives; rn given refers to parent cpd
penicillin N: rn given refers to (2s-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta(s*)))-isomer; structure in merck, 9th ed, #6887
penicillin-binding protein 1B, E coli: has penicillin-insensitive transglycosylase n-terminal domain and a penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase c-terminal domain
penicillinase repressor: negatively regulates expression of the penicillinase gene in bacillus licheniformis by binding to its operators located within the promoter region of penp.peni ; contains 128 aa; aa sequence is known
penicillipyrone A: from a marine-derived penicillium sp. fungus
penicillipyrone B: from a marine-derived penicillium sp. fungus; elicited significant induction of quinone reductase
penicillisterol: anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic sterol from penicillium purpurogenum
penicillitone: anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic sterol from penicillium purpurogenum
penicilliumin A: cytotoxic compound produced by penicillium sp. f00120
penicilloitin A: has antimicrobial activity; isolated from penicillium
penicillolysin: from penicillium citrinum; preferentially cleaves bonds with hydrophobic amino acid residues at the p(1) position; n-terminal 50 amino acid sequence given in first source
penicilloyl polylysine: lactam ring opened so inactive; compare with benzylpenicilloyl-polylysine
penicilloyl-dextran: lactam ring opened so inactive; conjugate used as reagent for skin testing in penicillin allergy; compare with benzylpenicilloyl
penicilone B: isolated from the mangrove rhizosphere soil-derived fungus penicillium janthinellum hk1-6 with potent anti-mrsa activity
penicilone D: isolated from the mangrove rhizosphere soil-derived fungus penicillium janthinellum hk1-6 with potent anti-mrsa activity; structure in first sourc
penicimutide: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from penicilliumpurpurogenum
penicipyrone: from the marine-derived fungus penicillium sp. psu-f44
penicisteroid A: has antifungal and cytotoxic activities; isolated from penicillium chrysogenum
penicisteroid B: has antifungal and cytotoxic activities; isolated from penicillium chrysogenum
penicitrinol G: from marine-derived fungus penicillium citrinum scsgaf 0167
penicitrinol H: from marine-derived fungus penicillium citrinum scsgaf 0167
penicolinate A: isolated from an axenic culture of the endophytic fungus, bionectria sp.; structutre in first source
penifulvin A: a sesquiterpenoid-derived metabolite containing a dioxa(5,5,5,6)fenestrane ring system from a fungicolous isolate of penicillium griseofulvum
penifupyrone: cytotoxic funicone derivative from the endophytic fungus penicillium sp. hsz-43
penijanthine B: from the fungus penicilliumcrustosum yn-ht-15
penilumamide E: antibiotics, antineoplastic from aspergillus terreus
penimethavone A: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from penicillium chrysogenum
penimocycline: obtained by mannich reaction between tetracycline & ampicillin
peniocerol: has anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities; isolated from myrtillocactus geometrizans (mart. ex pfeiff.) con
penipanoid A: from the marine sediment-derived fungus penicillium paneum sd-44
penipanoid B: alkaloid from the marine sediment-derived fungus penicillium paneum sd-44
penipanoid C: alkaloid from the marine sediment-derived fungus penicillium paneum sd-44
peniphenone A: from the mangrove fungus penicillium dipodomyicola hn4-3a as inhibitor of mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphatase mptpb
penipyridone A: hypolipidemic alkaloid from penicillium funiculosum
penisporolide A: spiral lactone from the marine-derived fungus penicillium sp.
penisporolide B: spiral lactone from the marine-derived fungus penicillium sp.
penitrem H: from the fungus penicilliumcrustosum yn-ht-15
penixanacid A: antineoplastic from the mangrove-derived penicillium chrysogenum
penmacric acid: rn given for (3r-(3alpha-(s*),5alpha))-isomer
pennogenin 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside: isolated from the tubers of ophiopogon japonicus
pennogenin 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4)-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-4)-(rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2))glucopyranoside: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from the plant dioscorea bulbifera
pennogenin 3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-1-4-rhamnopyranosyl-1-4-(rhamnopyranosyl-1-2)-glucopyranoside: isolated from majanthemum dilatatum; ; do not confuse with pennogenin tetraglycoside
pennogenin-3-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glycopyranoside: anti-tumor constituent from paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis
pennogenin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2))-beta-D-glucopyranoside: antitumor compound from paris polyphylla smith var. yunnanensis
pennogenin-3-O-rhamnopyranosyl-1-3-glucopyranoside: an anti-inflammatory agent isolated from dracaena mannii
pennyroyal oil: volatile oil from leaves of mentha pulegium & hedeoma pulegioifed herbs; contains 85% pulegone (a cyclohexanone); rn given refers to cpd with unknown mf; rn in chemline for terpenes & terpenoids, pennyroyal-oil: 68917-60-2
penostatin A: rn given for (3alpha(e),4aalpha,8alpha,9aalpha,9bbeta)-(+)-isomer
penostatin B: rn given for (3alpha(e),4aalpha,8beta,9aalpha,9bbeta)-(-)-isomer
penostatin F: a metabolite isolated from a fungal strain of penicillium sp with cytoctoxicity against p388 leukemia cells
penpulimab: humanised anti-programmed cell death 1 (pd-1) monoclonal antibody
pensteminoside: an unusual catalpol-type iridoid from penstemon gentianoides hbk (plantaginaceae)
penstyrylpyrone: from the marine-derived fungus penicillium sp. jf-55
pent-2-enoic acid: rn given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
pent-2-yn-1,4-diol: from clitocybe catinus
penta-8,11-dien-2-one: cytotoxic compound isolated from echinacea pallida
penta-N-methylpyrrolecarboxamide-EDTA-Fe(II): sequence-specific dna-cleaving molecule
penta-bismuth hepta-oxide nitrate: adsorbent for methylene orange dye removal
penta-cyclo(D-K)-Asp-cis Apc-(D)Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys-NH2: agonist of melanocortin receptor mcr4 which controls fat consumption
pentaacetyl geniposide: glycoside of genipin; ; from gardenia fructus
pentaacetylgitoxin: structure; rn given refers to (3beta,5beta,16beta)-isomer
pentaaluminum pentadecahydroxide aspartyl-aspartyl-aspartic acid: used as a trap for gamma-radiation energy
pentaamineruthenium-(3-(2-phenanthren-9-ylvinyl)pyridine): component of an electrochemical dna genosensor
pentaammineruthenium azurin(histidine-83) complex: (nh3)5ru(+3) is bound to his-83 residue in pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin
pentaammineruthenium(III)histidine complex: paramagnetic complex between pentaammineruthenium (iii) & n-3 nitrogen of a single histidine residue; rn given refers to hydride, (l-histidinato-n(3))-isomer
pentacarboxylic porphyrin: rn given refers to 3-carboxymethyl 8,13,17-trimethyl cpd
pentacecilide A: from the fermentation broth of penicillium cecidicola fki-3765-1
pentacecilide B: from the fermentation broth of penicillium cecidicola fki-3765-1
pentacecilide C: from the fermentation broth of penicillium cecidicola fki-3765-1
pentacecilide D: produced by penicillium cecidicola fki-3765-1.
pentacel: a haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine reconstituted with component pertussis vaccine and diphtheria and tetanus toxoids adsorbed combined with inactivated polio vaccine
pentacene: is found that the electronic structure of the pentacene-rubrene interface has a strong dependence on interface characteristics which depends on the order of the layers used
pentachlorophenol monooxygenase: catalyzes the conversion of pcp to 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorohydroquinone in the presence of nadph & oxygen; flavoprotein from flavobacterium sp. strain atcc 39723
pentacyano(2-methyl-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole)ferrate(II): an antitubercular agent that inhibits enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase
pentacyano(isoniazid)ferrate(II): an antitubercular agent that inhibits enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase
pentacycloanammoxic acid methyl ester: isolated from candidatus brocadia anammoxidans
pentadeca-(8Z,13Z)-dien-11-yn-2-one: antineoplastic from echinacea pallida
pentadeca-8Z-ene-11,13-diyn-2-one: from echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa; inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin e2 and cytokines
pentadecapeptide, Cyclina sinensis: sequence rvapeehpvegrylv
pentadecyl acetate: a sex pheromone of the pear fruit moth, acrobasis pyrivorella
pentadecyl ferulate: a potent antioxidant and antiproliferative agent from the halophyte salicornia herbacea
pentadecylamine: inhibits n-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase
pentadexanthone: from the fruit pericarp of pentadesma butyracea
pentaerythritol: rn given refers to parent cpd; structure in merck index, 9th ed, #6904
pentaerythritol tetrakis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate): a proteasome inhibitor
pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate): has antioxidant activity
pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase: catalyzes denitration of pentaerythritol tetranitrate with nadph to 3-hydroxy-2,2-bis-((nitroxy)methyl)propanal and 2,2-bis-((nitroxy)methyl)-propanedial; isolated from enterobacter cloacae
pentaerythritol trimethacrylate phosphate: bonding agent for use with composite resin materials for dental restoration
pentaerythrityl tetrachloride: rn from ca index guide 1984, p.1032g; rn not in chemline 8/84
pentaerythrityl triacrylate: acrylate derivative found in ultraviolet curing inks; causes contact dermatitis
pentafluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride: rn given from first source; rn not in chemline 1/85
pentafluorobenzoyl-(S)-prolyl-1-imidazolide: electron capture-sensitive reagent
pentafluorobenzyl 2-methyl-3-acetyl-4-(3-propionate)pyrrole: used for determination of aminolevulinic acid in body fluids
pentafluorophenylisothiocyanate: coupling agent used in edman degradation
pentafluorophenylmethacrylate: copolymerized with methylmethacrylate
pentafluoropropane-tetrafluoroethane: topical aerosol skin refrigerant; a vapocoolant blend of pentafluoropropane and tetrafluoroethane used for hip flexion stretching
pentagalacturonic acid: contained in the oligogalacturonic moiety of the self-induced endogenous elicitor from potato
pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent
pentaglobulin: immunoglobulin preparation containing 12% igm & 12% iga; also contains igg and antibodies against e. coli and lipid a; rn given refers to cpd with unknown mf
pentalenolactone I: isolated from streptomyces filipinensis and s. hygroscopicus
pentalidol: antifungal agent and anti-"worm" agent; used for treating wood; contains the above cpds
pentalysine beta-carbonylphthalocyanine zinc: an effective tumor-targeting photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
pentamethylbenzene: induces hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 & associated monooxygenases
pentamethylcyclopent-3-ene-butanol: an oderant derived from sandalwood and agonist of olfactory receptor or2at4
pentamidine resistance protein 1, Leishmania major: an abc transporter superfamily member conferring pentamidine resistance in leishmania major; genbank ay251609
pentanal N-methyl-N-formylhydrazone: ingredient of the edible wild mushroom gyromitra esculenta; mw: 142.06; mf: c7-h14-n2-o
pentandricine: limonoid isolated from stem bark of chisocheton pentandrus (meliaceae)
pentapeptide QYNAD: the endogenous pentapeptide qynad induces acute conduction block in the isolated rat sciatic nerve
pentasine: pentameric amino acid from elastin; structure similar to isodesmosine; structure proposed that is derived from condensation of 5 lysine residues
pentatricopeptide repeat protein, Arabidopsis: a dyw domain-containing protein; refseq nm_126350
penthalaris protein, Ixodes scapularis: recombinant five-kunitz tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi) from the salivary gland of the tick vector of lyme disease, ixodes scapularis; 308-amino-acid 35 kda protein anticoagulant and a tool to study fviia/tf-initiated biologic processes; amino acid
pentigide: synthetic peptide derived from the fc region of human lge; rn given refers to the all-l-isomer
pentolame: 17-beta-amino-estrogen with anticoagulant & estrogenic effects
penton protein, adenovirus: human adenovirus capsid component that can self-assemble into dodecahedra
pentopyranine A: alpha-l-cytosine nucleoside from streptomyces griseochromogenes
pentosan sulfuric polyester, phenylephrine, thiomersal drug combination: combination of above cpds with potassium acid phosphate & edta for patients wearing hydrophilic lenses
pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate: in phase ii trial (7/2011)
pentraxin 3 (200-236): a pentraxin 3 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity
pentyl 4-(N-doxazolidinylcarbonyloxymethyl)phenylcarbamate: a doxazolidine prodrug
penumbra protein, mouse: findings indicate that penumbra has a positive function in erythropoiesis and its deletion or mutation may result in anemia
penupogenin: rn given for (3beta,12beta(e),14beta,17alpha,20s)-isomer
peonan PA: an acidic polysaccharide; from the roots of paeonia lactiflora; composed of l-arabinose:d-galactose:d-galacturonic acid in the molar ratio 2:1:10
peonidin: a cox-2 inhibitor with protein kinase inhibitory and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; rn given for chloride salt
peonidin 3-O-(2-O-(2-O-(trans-feruloyl)-glucosyl)-6-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside)-5-O-(6-O-(malonyl)-glucoside): from the purple flowers of moricandia ramburii
peonidin 3-O-(6-O-caffeyl-2-O-glucopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranosyl)-5-O-glucoside: isolated from the roots of the purple sweet potato ipomoea batatas;
peonidin 3-glucoside: the methylated form of cyanidin 3-glucoside
peonidin-3-rutinoside: from juçara fruits (euterpe edulis m.)
pep-1CF peptide: a modified version of pep-1 peptide in which the c-terminus is lengthened, carboxyfluroscein is conjugated to a lysine residue, and cysteamine is replaced with serine
pep2-SVKI: interferes with binding of glua2 to scaffolding proteins; corresponds to c-terminal fragment of glur2 ampa receptor
pepBs1-Ac peptide: a 16-mer peptide that induces the tet repressor
pepN protein, Bacteria: alanine aminopeptidase (ec 3.4.11.2); amino acid sequence given in first source; a zinc-metallo aminopeptidase; homologous to mammalian aminopeptidase n; plays an essential role in metabolims and maybe involved in nitrogen supply or protein turnover
pepR protein, Listeria monocytogenes: encoding an aminopeptidase from listeria monocytogenes; amino acid ; genbank af067409
pepZ protein, Lactobacillus delbrueckii: a prolidase-like protein from lactobacillus delbrueckii; mw 41 kda; amino acid ; genbank z93945
peperobtusin A: isolated from the whole plant of peperomia tetraphylla; has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on human cancer cells
peperomin E: an nsaid that inhibits the nf-kappab signaling pathway
pepinemab: an igg4 humanized mab targeting semaphorin 4d
pepocin protein, Cucurbita pepo: type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from the fruit of cucurbita pepo; amino acid
pepsanurin: antidiuretic; from human plasma globulins hydrolyzed by pepsin; produces considerable inhibition on water, na & k excretion promoted by anf
pepsin B: from porcine pepsinogen b; n-terminal amino acid sequence given in first source
pepsinated immunoglobulin G: enzymatically disaggregated human gamma globulin containing 84% igg, 10% iga & 6% igm
pepstanone A: produced by pepstatin-producing streptomyces; rn given refers to cpd with unknown mf
pepstatyl, Asp-: formed from coupling of c-terminus of natural pentapeptide with l-aspartic acid; statine is (3s,4s)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid
pepstatyl, Asp-Arg-: formed from coupling of c-terminus of natural pentapeptide with l-aspertyl-l-arginine; statine is (3s,4s)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid
pepstatyl, Glu-: formed from coupling of c-terminus of natural pentapeptide with l-glutamic acid; statine is (3s,4s)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid
pepstatyl-arginine methyl ester: formed from coupling of c-terminus of natural pentapeptide with arginine methyl ester; statine is (3s,4s)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid; rn given refers to parent cpd
peptabody-EGF: an apoptosis inducer targeting erbb1 receptor overexpressing cancer cells; the protein complex contains 5 human egf ligand domains, which confer specific binding towards the extracellular portion of egfr
peptibody A: consists of an igg-fc with 2 c-terminal peptide arms linked with spacers
pepticinnamin E: ; isolated from streptomyces; inhibits farnesyl-protein transferase
peptidase 7: mouse gene pep-7 controlling this enzyme is associated with lymphoproliferative disease-inducer gene arp
peptidase C: from rana pipiens; is sex-linked to superoxide dismutase gene
peptidase E: acts on phe-gly-phe-gly; see also record for aspartyl peptidase e
peptidase L1: bacteriolytic peptidase isolated from lysoamidase; acts on gram-positive bacteria;21 kda; lyses staphylococcus aureus cells at ph 7-11
peptidase N: e coli cytosolic enzyme; hydrolyzes alanine-containing peptides
peptidase-1 (Pleurodeles): dimeric enzyme controlled by two codominant alleles on wsex chromosome of pleurodeles waltlii; from pleurodeles waltii; specific for valyl-leucine bond
peptide 021: a small peptidergic neurotrophic compound derived from the cntf
peptide 1, DA RT1(A): a 24 mer corresponding to amino acids 57-80 of the alpha-helical region of the alpha1 domain of the da rt1.a class 1 molecule; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide 145, Streptococcus: a 20-amino acid conserved target epitope on m protein of group a streptococci; may be a suitable target for vaccines to prevent streptococcal infections; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide 16(5), Buthus martensii Karsch: alters sodium channels from buthus martensii karsch; mw 3,695 da; partial amino acid
peptide 18A: amino acid sequence given in first source; has the characteristics of a class a amphipathic helix; mimics apolipoprotein a-i
peptide 19, rat: 7.6-kda polypeptide which binds to calmodulin and inhibits calcium-calmodulin signaling; from vagal and glossopharyngeal sensory ganglia
peptide 22181, Plasmodium falciparum: immunogenic and protective alpha-helix , possesses greater flexibility at its n-terminus
peptide 2438: a synthetic peptide corresponding to the human interferon alpha-2 amino acid sequence 124-138; inhibits proliferation of t-lymphocytes in vitro
peptide 277, heat shock protein 60: a 24-amino acid long peptide of heat-shock protein 60; amino acid sequence known
peptide 2J: inhibits the hemolytic activity of c1q from human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, rat, and mouse origin, all with a similar dose-response relationship (ic(50) 2-6 microm); peptide
peptide 31D: a synthetic t helper cell epitope of rabies virus nucleoprotein; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide 32: amide analog of peptide 6a; promotes coronary blood flow; amino acid
peptide 3910: a synthetic intestinal peptide active against bacillus megaterium; aa sequence given in first source
peptide 399: antimicrobial peptide; an idealized amphiphilic alpha helix
peptide 4 kDa, Fagopyrum esculentum: a relatively stable antifungal peptide from buckwheat seeds with antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells; n-terminal amino acid
peptide 5F: a synthetic peptide that protects mice from diet-induced atherosclerosis; has angiogenesis inhibitory activity
peptide 74: amino acid sequence given in first source; a synthetic peptide that contains the sequence immediately upstream of the cleavage site of the 72-kda type iv collagenase and other members of the matrix metalloproteinase family; inhibits the activated form of this enzyme
peptide 78: amino acid sequence given in first source; identical to peptide 74 except that serine replaces cysteine; does not inhibit 72-kda type iv collagenase
peptide 946: recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls); may be a promising candidate for use in peptide-based melanoma vaccines; amino acid sequence is yxepgpvta
peptide A42: chimera derived from cpp penetratin and the 21-mer galpha(s) protein c-terminal fragment; can cross cell membranes; has been sequenced
peptide AF-16: a peptide comprising 16 amino acids at the amino terminal part of the endogenous protein; abolishes sickness and death at experimental encephalitis by reducing increase of intracranial pressure
peptide C-I-6: a modified fragment (sequence 59-72) of human il-2 that stimulates regeneration of hepatic cells & tissues, but has embryotoxic effects
peptide C20W: 20 amino acid synthetic calmodulin-binding protein; corresponds to parts of the calmodulin-binding domain of the plasma membrane calcium pump; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide C24W: 24-amino acid synthetic calmodulin-binding peptide; corresponds to parts of the calmodulin-binding domain of the plasma membrane calcium pump; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide E (adrenal medulla): kappa opiate receptor agonist; 25-amino acid opioid peptide which when cleaved at the sole double basic (lys-arg) typical processing site generates the amino-terminal fragment bam 18 & the carboxy-terminal fragment leu-enkephalin;
peptide E-76: blocks the activation of factor x with a median inhibitory concentration of 1 nm and selectively inhibits tissue-factor-dependent clotting; amino acid
peptide G, retinal S antigen: 13 amino acid of s antigen; the inoculation of this peptide in complete freud's adjuvant will induce a severe reduction in the electroretinography & the loss of photoreceptor cells
peptide I: 15-amino acid sequence given in first source; part of a receptor for protein kinase c (rack)
peptide IE1 (354-363): a conserved decameric peptide from ie1 (p6, ie1(354-363)) that bound to hla-a2
peptide II (Aplysia): 11-amino acid peptide; end product of precursor processing in cells r3-r14 of aplysia; found in abdominal ganglion neurons
peptide KPR: tuftsin inhibitor; synthetic peptide which activates macrophages
peptide M, retinal S antigen: mw 1903; 18 amino acid peptide corresponding to well-characterized region of s-antigen
peptide MB-35: amino acid sequence given in first source; enhances release of growth hormone & prolactin; isolated from the thymus
peptide NK-2: a synthetic potent peptide antibiotic derived from nk-lysin
peptide P: a 15-mer humoral peptide that deglycosylates mouse antibody ige; amino acid
peptide P (properdin): amino acid sequence given in first source; 24 amino acid residue peptide corresponding to the central part of the "thrombospondin-repeat" motif of the human serum protein properdin
peptide P3: a synthetic short, linear peptide that showed affinity for ricin and could be used as reagent for detection and identification of ricin
peptide PVA: encoded by an rna that is complementary to arginine vasopressin mrna
peptide Q: a 14 amino acid peptide corresponding to the c-terminal region of the third cytoplasmic loop of the alpha2a-adrenergic receptor; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide Q glycosylase: a 15-mer humoral peptide that deglycosylates mouse antibody ige; do not confuse with peptide q
peptide R1: binds apical membrane antigen 1 from p falciparum; amino acid
peptide S 42: synthetic peptide of 21 amino acid residues with 4 repeating unit sequences analogous to tryptophan region of myelin basic protein; leads to suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in guinea pigs
peptide S-8300: peptide from shark liver with hepatoprotective and antidiabetic effects
peptide SC-R8A2: a synthetic analog of a putative alpha helix of spiroplasma citri strain r8a2 spiralin; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide SM-BC3: a synthetic analog of a putative alpha helix of spiroplasma melliferum strain bc3 spiralin; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide SVYDFFVWL: trp - tyrosinase-related protein; immunization results in effective induction of antitumor immunity
peptide T amide: octapeptide segment of hiv envelope gp120; used in aids therapy
peptide T1249: peptide derived from hr2 segment; gp41, intertwined heptad-repeat (hr2) regions form hydrophobic grooves that fold over and bind to corresponding hr1 coiled coils, collapsing gp41 into a stable six-helix or "trimer of hairpins" configuration; hiv fusion inhibitor
peptide T21: a synthetic peptide corresponding to sequences 558-595 in gp41; a strong inhibitor of hiv-1 viral fusion
peptide U6: a synthetic peptide corresponding to the third hypervariable region of the first domain of the drb1*0301 chain and the drb3*0101 chain (subtype dw24); amino acid sequence given in first source; this synthetic dr3 peptide has been used to study binding specificity of t cells
peptide V: isolated from bovine posterior pituitary; 94% identical with the carboxyl terminus of rat vgf protein; composed of 30 amino acids; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide VDIPEN: a metalloproteinase-generated neoepitope that is induced & immunolocalized in articular cartilage during inflammatory arthritis
peptide VF13N: a synthetic t helper cell epitope of rabies virus glycoprotein; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide YY (1-36): acting through y1- and y5-receptors increases appetite and stimulates weight gain; amino acid
peptide YY (22-36), N-alpha-acetyl-Phe(27)-: an antisecretory peptide
peptide YY, Pro(34)-: a y1-selective full agonist of peptide yy/neuropeptide y receptors; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide YY, iodo-Leu(34)-Pro(34)-: radioligand for pp1/y4 and y1 receptors
peptide aptamer C1-1: a peptide aptamer targeting the hepatitis b virus core protein; amino acid
peptide chain release factor, mammalian: has 90% sequence similarity to tryptophyl-trna synthetase; amino acid sequence has been determined
peptide deformylase: a member of the zinc metalloprotease family that releases the formyl group from the amino terminal methionine residue of most newly synthesized proteins
peptide deformylase 1B, Arabidopsis: refseq nm_121470
peptide deformylase, human: do not confuse wtih tumor differentiation factor, also known as pdf
peptide elongation factor 1H: complex of valyl-trna synthetase with eef-1h is a novel form of the first elongation factor
peptide fragment P828: a peptide fragment representing the c-terminal region of hiv-1 envelope protein gp41 and also of gp160; amino acid sequence (rvievvqgacrairhiprrrir) given in first source
peptide hormone inactivating endopeptidase: from xenopus laevis; cleaves at xaa-phe, xaa-leu or xaa-ile bonds where xaa = ser, phe, tyr, his or gly in peptide hormones
peptide leucine arginine: an octadecapeptide isolated from the northern leopard frog, rana pipiens; amino acid sequence given in first source; do not confuse with either leucyl-arginine or plr protein
peptide methionine-tyrosine: amino acid sequence given in first source; isolated from sea lamprey intestine; member of the pancreatic-polypeptide-fold family of regulatory peptides
peptide nucleic acid, T10-lysine: belongs to a new class of cpds known as peptide/polyamide nucleic acids (pnas), which are oligodeoxynucleotides in which the phosphodiester backbone is replaced with a polyamide backbone; structure of a pna and pna t10-lys sequence given in first source
peptide p(1-24): synthetic peptide representing the repeat twenty amino acid sequence of the human polymorphic epithelial mucin core protein plus four amino acids of the adjacent sequence; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide pheromone cCF10: peptide sex pheromone which induces conjugative transfer of streptococcus faecalis tetracycline resitance plasmide, pcf10
peptide sensitive channel: a cationic channel of the mitochondrial outer membrane; has been sequenced; do not confuse with psc protein from drosophila
peptide stabilizing factor: stabilizes hepatic phosphofructokinase in vivo; mw approx 3500; contains equimolar glutamate, glycine & cysteine; also capable of association with atp-citrate lyase, thereby protecting that enzyme from proteolytic or thermal inactivation
peptide tyrosine arginine, Rana sevosa: has immunomodulatory activity; isolated from the dusky gopher frog; amino acid
peptide tyrosine phenylalanine: nonapeptide from brain extracts of squid loligo vulgaris; related to neuropeptide f
peptide-Gly-Leu-amide: 21-amino acid peptide from skin secretion of xenopus laevis; amino acid sequence given in first source
peptide-R, Scaptocosa: a kinin-like peptide from scaptocosa raptoria venom; amino acid analysis in first source
peptide-S, Scaptocosa: a kinin-like peptide from scaptocosa raptoria venom; amino acid
peptide-based inhibitor R9LF-1: synthetic peptide-based protease inhibitor
peptide-chain-release factor 3: su1 is fungal homolog of sup35; stimulates activities of release factors 1 and 2; isolated from e. coli; amino acid ; genbank d17724
peptide-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase: catalyzes the oxidation of peptide tryptophan to form peptide formylkynurenine
peptidimer-c: a synthetic peptide in which a peptide dimer is linked to penetratin; binds two sh3 domains of grb2; putative antineoplastic agent; amino acid
peptido-rhamnomannan: a concanavalin a-binding antigen from the cell wall of sporothrix schenchii; about 14.2% protein & 84.6% carbohydrate (rhamnose & mannose)
peptidoglycan pentapeptide-mDap3: peptide portion of peptidoglycan-mdap3 in gram-negative bacteria
peptidoglycan recognition protein: refseq nm_052890 (pglyrp2, human); nm_052891 (pglyrp3, human); nm_020393 (pglyrp4, human)
peptidoglycan-lytic enzyme, Bacillus megaterium: from bacillus megaterium km; causes refractility changes in permeabilized spores of several bacillus species; catalyzes post-commitment muramic acid delta-lactam synthesis
peptidolipin B: antibacterial lipopeptide from an ascidian-derived nocardia sp
peptidolipin E: antibacterial lipopeptide from an ascidian-derived nocardia sp
peptidyl carrier protein, type II, Streptomyces verticillus: from streptomyces sp; amino acid ; genbank af149091
peptidyl dipeptidase 4: converts angiotensin-1 to angiotensin-2; not the same as angiotensin-converting enzyme
peptidyl dipeptidase B: membrane-bound zinc metallopeptidase located in mammalian atrial, but not ventricular, myocytes; releases c-terminal di- or tripeptides from atriopeptin
peptidyl dipeptidase-3: brain enzyme; distinct from angiotensin converting enzyme & enkephalinase; cleaves hip-his-leu; inhibited by captopril & thiorphan, but not by longer peptides
peptidyl-Lys metalloendopeptidase: from lysobacter enzymogenes; cleaves at the carboxyl side of lysine residues; active at ph 9;endoproteinase lys-c (ec 3.4.99.30) was combined with ec 3.4.24.20 in 1992 enzyme nomenclature
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase b: one of two peptidyl-prolyl isomerases from e coli
peptidylamidoglycolate lyase: second step in the production of alpha-amidated peptides from their glycine-extended precursors; first step is ec 1.14.17.3 (amide synthetase)
peptidylglutamylpeptide hydrolase: one of three activities of the 20s proteasome of xenopus; cleaves bonds of acidic amino acid residues; also found in 26s proteasome
peptidylglycine monooxygenase: forms alpha-amide from c-terminal glycine precursor of peptide hormones by oxidation of hydrogen & spontaneous hydrolysis of resulting imino linkage; posseses both an alpha-hydroxylation domain (phm) and an alpha-amidation domain (pal); pam refers to the bifunctional enzyme; may be the same as bovine somatotropin; refseq nm_013626 (mouse), nm_013000 (rat), nm_138822 (human)
peptilose: prepared from rice and lentil; an oral rehydration solution containing oligosaccharides, polypeptides and amino acids
peptitergent PD1: a 24-amino acid amphipathic peptide designed to solubilize integral membrane proteins
peptoid JM3A: structure is ibu-gly-n(bunh2)gly-n(bunh2)gly-n(ibu)gly-n(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)gly-n(etome)gly-dl-lys-dl-hsl
peptolide SDZ 214-103 synthetase: catalyzes at least 39 partial reaction steps in the synthesis of sdz 214-103 by the fungus cylindrotrichum oligospermum
per-6-(3-aminopropylthio)-beta-cyclodextrin: blocks anthrax lethal toxin at the protective antigen channel
peracetylated N-azidoacetylmannosamine: used to introduce azide groups onto sialylated cell-surface proteins
peracetylated epigallocatechin-3-gallate: prodrug of epigallocatechin-3-gallate with anticarcinogenic activity
peracetylcholest-5-en-3,7,19-triol: from pseudopterogorgia species of the indian ocean
perakine reductase, Rauvolfia serpentina: catalyzes the conversion of perakine to raucaffrinoline; also acts on 19,20-dihydroperaksine-17,21-al
perangustol A: azaphilone epimers from a marine sediment-derived fungus cladosporium perangustm fs62
perchlorate: the explosive component of rocket fuel; an environmental contaminant that disrupts thyroid hormones
perchlorotriphenylmethyl triethylester radical: a hydrophobic stable radical
percutalgine: used to treat benign joint conditions; consists of dexamethasone acetate, salicylamide, and hydroxyethyl salicyate
percutatrine: ointment for development of breasts; causes prepubertal gynecomastia & hyperpigmentation of skin; contains estrogen, diethylstilbestrol & extracts of ovaries
pereniporin B: from basidiomycete perenniporia medullaepanis
perennisoside XI: has collagen synthesis-promoting activity; isolated from the flowers of bellis perennis
perflubron: potential anti-obesity compound; reduces food adsorption; 8-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound; an oral contrast agent for use with mri to enhance delineation of the bowel distinguishing it from adjacent organs
perflubron-perfluorodecyl bromide emulsion: a perfluorocarbon emulsion containing 40% wt/vol perflubron (pfob) and 20% wt/vol perfluorodecyl bromide (pfdb)
perfluoro-2,2,2',2'-tetramethyl-4,4'-bis(1,3-dioxolane): perfluorocarbon used in fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging
perfluoro-n-butyl iodide: is a promising alternative to chlorofluorocarbon solvents used in aircraft ground maintenance operations
perfluoro-tert-butyl homoserine: promotes helix formation when incorporated into proteins
perfluorobutane: component of the echo contrast agent, br14, which consists of perfluorobutane gas microbubbles
perfluorobutyl tetrahydrofuran: was mh 1975-92 (see under fluorocarbons 1978-90, see under furans 1975-77); fc-80 & perfluorochemical fc-80 were see perfluorobutyl tetrahydrofuran 1978-92; use fluorocarbons to search perfluorobutyl tetrahydrofuran 1978-92
perfluorobutylpentane: used for removing silicone oil from the surface of silicone intraocular lenses
perfluorobutyric acid: ion pairing reagent; rn given refers to parent cpd
perfluorodecalin: rn given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation
perfluorodichlorooctane: has enhanced solubility of respiratory gases compared with plasma or whole blood
perfluorodimethyladamantane-perfluorotrimethylbicyclononane: used in cancer therapy
perfluorododecanoic acid: a synthetic perfluorinated chemical containing 12 carbons, has broad industrial applications and has been detected in sera from humans and other animals
perfluoroethylcyclohexane: a perfluorocarbon liquid that is used as an intraoperative tool in the surgical management of complicated retinal detachments; mol wt = 400
perfluoroethylcyclohexanesulfonic acid: a bioaccumulated erosion inhibitor in aircraft hydraulic fluids
perfluorohexyl-octan: used for removing silicone oil from the surface of silicone intraocular lenses; mf is c14f13h17
perfluorohexylbromide: 6-carbon perfluorocarbon radiopaque compound
perfluoromethylcyclopentane: a liquid with a boiling point slightly above body temperature, is injected into the vitreous cavity, where it vaporizes, and filling a gas volume
perfluoromethyldecalin: used to prepare synthetic surfactant with pulmonary surfactant
perfluorooctane: used in the treatment of giant retinal tears with proliferative vitreoretinopathy
perfluoropentane: inert expander of tissue spaces, liquid at room temperature, but gaseous at body temperatures; used in experimental eye surgery
perfluorophenanthrene: mixture of isomers of perfluorophenanthrene; mf: c14-f24
perfluoropolyether: used as intraoperative tool for repair of complicated retinal detachment
perfluoropolyether phosphate: a non-irritating acidic agent of cosmeceutical use
perfluoropropionic acid: ion pairing reagent; rn given refers to parent cpd
perfluorosuccinic acid: inhibitor of gluconeogenesis in rat hepatocytes; rn given refers to parent cpd
perfluorotributylamine: perfluorochemical (3m co) artificial o(2) carrier
perforin, mouse: genbank np035203; in the presence of calcium, perforin polymerizes into transmembrane tubules and is capable of lysing non-specifically a variety of target cells, similar to complement c9
perforin-like protein 1, Toxoplasma gondii: a secreted perforin-like protein of the intracellular protozoan pathogen toxoplasma gondii that displays structural features necessary for pore formation; genbank ef102772
perfucol: a 7:3 mixture of perfluorodecalin and perfluoropropylamine
perhentidine A: from the stem-bark of alstonia macrophylla and alstonia angustifolia
perhentidine B: from the stem-bark of alstonia macrophylla and alstonia angustifolia
perhentidine C: from the stem-bark of alstonia macrophylla and alstonia angustifolia
perhydrohistrionicotoxin: rn given refers to (6r-(6 alpha(r*),7 beta,8 alpha))-isomer
periandrin V: oleanane type from the roots of periandra dulcis; ; mf c41-h62-o14
periaxin: a 147 kd protein primarily localized in the periaxonal membrane of myelinating schwann cells; amino acid sequence given in first source
peribysin A: a furanofuran, have been isolated from a strain of periconia byssoide
peribysin B: a furanofuran, have been isolated from a strain of periconia byssoide
peribysin C: a furanofuran, have been isolated from a strain of periconia byssoide
peribysin D: a furanofuran, have been isolated from a strain of periconia byssoide
pericalline: alkaloid isolated from catharanthus trichophyllus roots; active against experimental neoplasm; rn in chemline for (-)-isomer: 2122-36-3
pericentrin: a highly conserved centrosome protein; involved in microtubule organization; 220 kda; amino acid sequence given in first source; see also pericentriolar material 1
perichromin: mw 33,000; tightly bound to both interphase & metaphase chromosomes; nuclear envelope protein
periciazine: was heading 1963-94 (prov 1963-72); use phenothiazines to search propericiazine 1966-94
pericine: cns-active indole alkaloid from picralima nitida cell suspension culture
pericoannosin A: anti-hiv from the endophytic fungus periconia sp. f-31
periconianone A: from endophytic fungus periconia sp. with neural anti-inflammatory activity
periconianone B: from endophytic fungus periconia sp. with neural anti-inflammatory activity
periconiasin A: from endophytic fungus periconia sp.; structrure in first source
periconiasin B: from endophytic fungus periconia sp.; structrure in first source
periconiasin C: from endophytic fungus periconia sp.; structrure in first source
periconiasin G: a cytochalasin characterized by a seven-membered ring in lieu of the typical macrocyclic structure
periconicin A: fusicoccane diterpene produced by an endophytic fungus periconia sp. with antibacterial activity
periconicin B: fusicoccane diterpene produced by an endophytic fungus periconia sp. with antibacterial activity
periconin A: host-specific toxin from fungal pathogen periconia circinata
periconin B: host-specific toxin from fungal pathogen periconia circinata
peridinin chlorophyll-a protein, Dinophyceae: derived from the dinoflagellate glenodinium sp.; can be conjugated to monoclonal antibodies for three color/single-laser flow cytometry
periglaucine A: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from pericampylus glaucus
perillaldehyde: from oil of perillae herba; has neuropharmacological actions; rn given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure in merck index, 9th ed, #6956
perilloside A: inhibits aldose reductase; isolated from leaves of perilla frutescens; rn given refers to (s)-isomer
perilloside C: inhibits aldose reductase; isolated from leaves of perilla frutescens
perinal: contains 0.2% hydrocortisone and 1.0% lignocaine hcl; a no-touch aqueous spray developed for the topical treatment of pruritus ani
periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde: combination of periodate, lysine and paraformaldehyde; used as a fixative for the study of duodenal mucosa
periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate: combination of periodic acid, thiocarbohydrazide and silver proteinate; used in microscopy
periodic tryptophan protein 2 gene homologue, zebrafish: genbank bc047817
periodontain: a 75-kda protein that inactivates the serpin alpha1-proteinase; a putative virulence factor that may contribute to periodontal disease; isolated from porphyromonas gingivalis; amino acid
periodontal ligament chemotactic factor: a highly specific autocrine chemotactic agent for human periodontal ligament (pdl) cells; partial amino acid sequence given in first source
periostin-like factor, mouse: periostin-like factor and periostin are from alternatively spliced mrnas and are homologous with different spatial and temporal location
periostin-like factor, rat: isoform of the periostin family of proteins expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells and involved in the regulation of vascular proliferative disease
peripentadenine: alkaloid with human delta-opioid receptor binding affinity from the australian rainforest tree peripentadenia mearsii
peripentonine A: alkaloid with human delta-opioid receptor binding affinity from the australian rainforest tree peripentadenia mearsii
peripentonine B: alkaloid with human delta-opioid receptor binding affinity from the australian rainforest tree peripentadenia mearsii
peripentonine C: alkaloid with human delta-opioid receptor binding affinity from the australian rainforest tree peripentadenia mearsii
periplaneta-DP: from periplaneta americana, mw 5.3 kda; diuretic peptide which increases cyclic amp production & the rate of fluid secretion by isolated malphigian tubules in vitro; amino acid sequence given in first source
periplanetasin-4: a 13 amino acid antimicrobial peptide with antifungal activity identified in cockroaches
periplanoside A: from periplaneta americana, stimulate collagen production in human dermal fibroblasts
periplanoside B: from periplaneta americana, stimulate collagen production in human dermal fibroblasts
periplanoside C: from periplaneta americana, stimulate collagen production in human dermal fibroblasts
periplasmic alkaline phosphatase, Chryseobacterium meningosepticum: phosphate irrepressible enzyme; partial amino acid
periplasmic peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase: involved in folding periplasmic and outer membrane proteins
periplasmic protein disulfide oxidoreductase: amino acid sequence given in first source; isolated from haemophilus influenzae; may be required for assembly or folding of one or more disulfide-containing cell envelope proteins
periplocoside A: isolated from periploca sepium; ; mf: c72-h114-o27
periplocoside X: insecticidal from the roots of periploca sepium; systematic name and
periplocymarin: has antineoplastic activity; isolated from both periploca sepium and periploca graeca
periplogenin 3-O-(O-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-cymaropyranoside): isolated from streptocaulon juventas
perisulfakinin: has sequence similarity to gastrin and cholecystokinin; isolated from american cockroach; amino acid seq. given in first source
peritoneal dialysate depressor II: phosphorus-free antihypertensive lipid from dog peritoneal dialysate
peritoneal dialysate-depressor-I: potent hypotensive lipid from dog peritoneal dialysate; estimated to be a choline-containing phospholipid
peritoxin A: host-specific toxin from fungal pathogen periconia circinata
peritoxin B: host-specific toxin from fungal pathogen periconia circinata
peritrophin 15 protein, insect: a chitin-binding protein isolated from the larval peritrophic matrices of chrysomya bezziana; genbank af327453 and af327454
peritrophin 95 protein, Lucilia cuprina: a candidate vaccine antigen from peritrophic membrane of lucilia cuprina; genbank u23828
peritrophin-44 protein, Lucilia cuprina: 44-kda peritrophic membrane protein
peritrophin-48 protein, Chrysomya bezziana: isolated from peritrophic membrane in chrysomya bezziana; genbank af030557, af139718
peritrophin-55 protein, Lucilia cuprina: an immuno-protective mucin-like glycoprotein from the peritrophic matrix of lucilia cuprina larvae; when injected into sheep, peritrophin-55 induced an immune response that inhibited larval growth by 51-66% when larvae subsequently fed on sera from the vaccinated sheep; genbank af515826, ay055470
periviscerokinin: isolated from the perisympathetic organs of the american cockroach
periviscerokinin-2: a myotropic neuropeptide in the abdominal neurosecretory system of cockroach periplaneta americana
perlolidine: from perennial rye grass lolium perenne; samoquasine a is a benzoquinazoline alkaloid from the seeds of annona squamosa
perloline: a fluorescent diaza-phenanthrene alkaloid from lolium contamination of fescue
perlucin, Haliotis laevigata: a 17 kda protein from the shell of the mollusc, haliotis laevigata; partial amino acid