NLK-NML/MeSH-CZ-2025-notes huggingface dataset:
CAC protocol: chemotherapy protocol containing carboplatin & cyclophosphamide; used in treatment of ovarian cancer
CAD protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
CAD protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
CAD protocol 3: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of advanced multiple myeloma
CADASIL: a familial, cerebral arteriopathy mapped to chromosome 19q12, and characterized by the presence of granular deposits in small cerebral arteries producing ischemic stroke; pseudobulbar palsy; and multiple subcortical infarcts (cerebral infarction). cadasil is an acronym for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. cadasil differs from binswanger disease by the presence of migraine with aura and usually by the lack of history of arterial hypertension. (from bradley et al, neurology in clinical practice, 2000, p1146)
CADASIL: dědičné cerebrovaskulární onemocnění, při kterém dochází k postižení bílé hmoty mozkové následkem četných infarktů drobných tepen, obvykle v oblasti capsula externa, thalamu, bazálních gangliích, mozkovém kmeni, rovněž temporopolárně v mozkových hemisférách. postihuje jedince starší 30 let, během průměrných 12 let doby přežití se rozvíjejí poruchy chůze a rovnováhy, bradykinéze a subkortikální demence. zprvu jsou přítomny intenzivní migrenózní záchvaty, poruchy nálady, epileptiformní paroxysmy, případně psychóza. stav posléze plíživě progreduje v rozvoj ataxie, pseudobulbárního syndromu, inkontinence, poruch sluchu, zraku a řeči. zpravidla je přítomna bradyfrenie, apatie a zpomalené psychomotorické tempo. (cit. podle: wikipedie 2018 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
CADOM protocol: chemotherapy protocol containing the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas
CAE-P protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used to treat lung cancer
CAEVM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in the therapy of small cell lung cancer
CAF protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for the treatment of ductal carcinoma
CAF-PH protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in the therapy of advanced ovarian carcinoma
CAG protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (aml)
CALF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma
CAMBO-VIP protocol: a combination therapy consisting of the above compounds including prednisolone; for the treatment of advanced diffuse large cell lymphoma
CAMP combination: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with doxorubicin-resistant intermediate- & hight-grade malignant non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CAMP-L protocol: chemotherapy protocol containing above 5 cpds; drugs may be given in sequential order
CANOMAD syndrome: chronic ataxic neuropathy ophthalmoplegia m-protein agglutination disialosyl antibodies syndrome
CANVAS syndrome: autosomal recessive adult-onset, progressive neurologic disorder characterized by imbalance due to cerebellar gait and limb ataxia, impaired vestibular function bilaterally, and non-length-dependent sensory neuropathy associated with repeat expansions in the rfc1 gene
CAOP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of leukemia
CAP protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of ovarian neoplasms
CAP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of breast, lung, ovarian cancer & leukemia
CAP therapy protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cisplatin, aclarubicin & peplomycin
CAP-1 protocol: contains cyclophosphamide, pirarubicin & cisplatin; used in the therapy of recurrent adeno- and adenoidcystic carcinomas in the head & neck
CAP-M protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin & mitomycin; used in therapy of non-small cell lung cancer
CAPABLE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of carcinoma of the nasopharynx
CAPE-PALE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
CAPT protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with metastatic & stage iv breast cancer
CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins: a family of intracellular signaling adaptor proteins that contain caspase activation and recruitment domains (card). they play a role in apoptosis-related signal transduction by associating with other card domain-containing members and activating initiator caspases that contain card domains within their n-terminal pro-domain region
CARE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CART protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in the therapy of marrow relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein: an apoptosis-regulating protein that is structurally related to caspase 8 and competes with caspase 8 for binding to fas associated death domain protein. two forms of casp8 and fadd-like apoptosis regulating protein exist, a long form containing a caspase-like enzymatically inactive domain and a short form which lacks the caspase-like domain
CAT combination: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of hematologic malignancies
CAT-G protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
CAV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine; cav refers to first source; acronym acv refers to second source; acronym aco ii was used in klin wochenschr 1982;60(16):829; acronym aco was used in onkology 1982;5(4):174; acronym dvc was used in gan to kagaku ryoho 1984;11(4):888
CAV regimen: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used for the treatment of patients with hodgkin's disease
CAV-HEM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer
CAVP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of refractory hodgkin's disease
CBC protocol: chemotherapy regiment consisting of above cpds; used in the therapy of malignant melanoma
CBV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of lymphoma; do not confuse with vp-16, hsv-1 protein
CBVPM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used intreatment of non-hodgkin lymphoma patients
CBX129801: a pegylated form of synthetic human c-peptide for treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
CCA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma
CCAAT-Binding Factor: a heterotrimeric dna-binding protein that binds to ccaat motifs in the promoters of eukaryotic genes. it is composed of three subunits: a, b and c
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha: a ccaat-enhancer-binding protein found in liver; adipose tissue; intestines; lung; adrenal glands; placenta; ovary and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (leukocytes, mononuclear). experiments with knock-out mice have demonstrated that ccaat-enhancer binding protein-alpha is essential for the functioning and differentiation of hepatocytes and adipocytes
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta: a ccaat-enhancer-binding protein found in liver; intestines; lung and adipose tissue. it is an important mediator of interleukin-6 signaling
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-delta: a member of the c-ebp protein family of transcription factors. it plays a key role in g0 phase mammary epithelial cell growth arrest, and it is involved in transcriptional regulation of interleukin 1; interleukin 6; and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins: a class of proteins that were originally identified by their ability to bind the dna sequence ccaat. the typical ccaat-enhancer binding protein forms dimers and consists of an activation domain, a dna-binding basic region, and a leucine-rich dimerization domain (leucine zippers). ccaat-binding factor is structurally distinct type of ccaat-enhancer binding protein consisting of a trimer of three different subunits
CCAVP16 protocol: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of small cell lung cancer
CCC protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma
CCCTC-Binding Factor: a repressor protein with poly(adp)-ribose binding activity that binds chromatin and dna; its structure consisting of 11 cys2-his2 zinc fingers allows it to recognize many different dna target sites. it functions as a repressor by binding to insulator elements and preventing interaction between promoters and nearby enhancers and silencers. it plays a critical role in epigenetic processes, including genomic imprinting
CCE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 3 cpds; used in the therapy for small cell lung cancer & breast cancer
CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins: a family of secreted proteins found associated with the extracellular matrix and cell surface receptors. they are believed to play a role in modulating the effects of a variety of growth factors and proteases at the cell membrane extracellular matrix. the ccn protein family is named after three protypical members; cysteine-rich protein 61; connective tissue growth factor; and nephroblastoma overexpressed protein
CCNU-VP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of advanced hodgkin's disease
CCOM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in therapy of lung neoplasms
CCR5 Receptor Antagonists: compounds and drugs that inhibit or block the activity of ccr5 receptors
CD antigeny: diferenciační antigeny vyskytující se na savčích leukocytech. označení pro skupinu molekul na buňkách, které mají na povrchu stejnou antigenní determinantu (epitop). epitopy, a tím i celé buňky, lze identifikovat stejnou monoklonální protilátkou. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2023 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
CD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 2 compounds; used in the treatment of breast cancer
CD-I: an optical disk storage system used on specialized players that combine the functions of computer and cd player in a self-contained box, designed to be connected to a television set and a home stereo for video and sound output. the player is controlled with a hand-held remote unit resembling a television remote control. (j allied health 1993 winter;22(1):131-8)
CD-ROM: an optical disk storage system for computers on which data can be read or from which data can be retrieved but not entered or modified. a cd-rom unit is almost identical to the compact disk playback device for home use
CD-ROM: nepřepisovatelné optické záznamové médium fyzicky totožné jako audio cd, formát uložení informací je však přizpůsoben uchování a čtení počítačových dat. na tomto disku jsou data "vylisována" od výroby a nejde je tak měnit. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2020 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
CD11 Antigens: a group of three different integrin alpha chains (cd11a, cd11b, cd11c) that are associated with an invariant integrin beta-2 chain (cd18 antigens). the three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (receptors, leukocyte adhesion) are lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1; macrophage-1 antigen; and antigen, p150,95
CD11a Antigen: an alpha-integrin subunit found on lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and monocytes. it combines with the integrin beta2 subunit (cd18 antigen) to form lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1
CD11b Antigen: a cd antigen that contains a conserved integrin i-domain which is involved in ligand binding. when combined with cd18 the two subunits form macrophage-1 antigen
CD11c Antigen: an integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kda molecular weight. it is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with cd18 antigen to form the cell surface receptor integrin alphaxbeta2. the subunit contains a conserved i-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins
CD13 Antigens: zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type ii integral membrane metalloproteases. they are expressed by granulocytes; monocytes; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. they release an n-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide
CD146 Antigen: a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed by endothelial cells where it functions to stabilize intercellular junctions. it is also highly expressed by melanoma tumor cells and may facilitate their metastasis
CD163 Antigen: scavenger receptor that functions in clearance of hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex upon hemolysis of red blood cells by macrophages and may protect tissues from hemoglobin-mediated oxidative stress
CD18 Antigens: cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the cd11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (receptors, leukocyte-adhesion). a defect in the gene encoding cd18 causes leukocyte-adhesion deficiency syndrome
CD2 Antigens: glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in t-cell adhesion and activation. they are expressed on most peripheral t-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the t-cell receptor complex
CD24 Antigen: a gpi-linked cell adhesion protein originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. it mediates antigen-dependent activation and proliferation of b-cells. it is also involved in metastasis and is highly expressed in many neoplasms
CD27 Ligand: a transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to cd27 antigen. it is found on activated t-lymphocytes; b-lymphocytes; and dendritic cells where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of cd4-positive t-lymphocytes and cd8-positive t-lymphocytes
CD28 Antigens: costimulatory t-lymphocyte receptors that have specificity for cd80 antigen and cd86 antigen. activation of this receptor results in increased t-cell proliferation, cytokine production and promotion of t-cell survival
CD3 Complex: complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature t-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the t-cell receptor (receptors, antigen, t-cell). the cd3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). when antigen binds to the t-cell receptor, the cd3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the t-cell. the cd3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the t-cell receptor (receptors, antigen, t-cell, gamma-delta)
CD30 Ligand: a membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated t-lymphocytes that binds specifically to cd30 antigen. it may play a role in inflammation and immune regulation
CD36 Antigens: leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on monocytes; endothelial cells; platelets; and mammary epithelial cells. they play major roles in cell adhesion; signal transduction; and regulation of angiogenesis. cd36 is a receptor for thrombospondins and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized lipoproteins and fatty acids
CD4 Antigens: 55-kda antigens found on helper-inducer t-lymphocytes and on a variety of other immune cell types. they are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in major histocompatibility complex class ii-restricted immune responses. on t-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. t4 antigens also serve as interleukin-15 receptors and bind to the hiv receptors, binding directly to the hiv envelope protein gp120
CD4 Immunoadhesins: chimeric molecules resulting from the fusion of recombinant soluble cd4 to the fc portion of immunoglobulins. these have potential use in the therapy of aids since they possess both the gp120-binding and hiv-blocking properties of rcd4 as well as the long plasma half-life and fc receptor-binding functions of immunoglobulin
CD4 Lymphocyte Count: the number of cd4-positive t-lymphocytes per unit volume of blood. determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer
CD4 silencer, African green monkey: a regulatory element responsible for the down regulation of cd4 transcription in cd8 cell lineage cells; has been sequenced
CD4-CD8 Ratio: ratio of t-lymphocytes that express the cd4 antigen to those that express the cd8 antigen. this value is commonly assessed in the diagnosis and staging of diseases affecting the immune system including hiv infections
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes: a critical subpopulation of t-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. the hiv virus has selective tropism for the t4 cell which expresses the cd4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for hiv. in fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in hiv infection is the depletion of this subset of t-lymphocytes
CD4-pozitivní T-lymfocyty: skupina bílých krvinek (t lymfocytů), které "pomáhají" (tzv. helper) ostatním buňkám podílejícím se na imunitní odpovědi. jejich poškození vede ke značnému snížení odolnosti organismu. tyto buňky jsou napadány virem hiv, jejich úbytek a snížená funkce souvisí s poškozením imunity při této nemoci. (cit. velký lékařský slovník online, 2019 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz)
CD40 Antigens: members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for cd40 ligand. they are found on mature b-lymphocytes, some epithelial cells; and lymphoid dendritic cells. evidence suggests that cd40-dependent activation of b-cells is important for generation of memory b-cells within the germinal centers. mutations in the cd40 antigen gene result in hyper-igm immunodeficiency syndrome, type 3. signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with tnf receptor-associated factors
CD40 Ligand: a membrane glycoprotein and differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of t-cells that binds to cd40 antigens on b-lymphocytes and induces their proliferation. mutation of the gene for cd40 ligand is a cause of hyper-igm immunodeficiency syndrome, type 1
CD47 Antigen: a ubiquitously expressed membrane glycoprotein. it interacts with a variety of integrins and mediates responses to extracellular matrix proteins
CD48 Antigen: a 40-45 kda gpi-linked protein in the slam family that consists of two immunoglobulin c2-set domains. it is expressed on the surface of a variety of cells with immune functions, including thymocytes; mature b-lymphocytes and t-lymphocytes; natural killer cells; dendritic cells; mast cells; and eosinophils. it binds to cd2 and 2b4 (cd244) receptors to activate and modulate the immunologic response
CD5 Antigens: glycoproteins expressed on all mature t-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature b-cells. antibodies specific for cd5 can enhance t-cell receptor-mediated t-cell activation. the b-cell-specific molecule cd72 is a natural ligand for cd5. (from abbas et al., cellular and molecular immunology, 2d ed, p156)
CD52 Antigen: a small gpi-linked glycoprotein expressed on the surface of normal and malignant b-cells; t-cells; monocytes; macrophages; nk cells; and granulocytes. it is expressed densely and without modulation in many malignant t-cell neoplasms and therefore a target for antibody therapies (e.g., alemtuzumab)
CD55 Antigens: gpi-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. cd55 prevents the assembly of c3 convertase or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex
CD56 Antigen: the 140 kda isoform of ncam (neural cell adhesion molecule) containing a transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail. it is expressed by all lymphocytes mediating non-mhc restricted cytotoxicity and is present on some neural tissues and tumors
CD57 Antigens: oligosaccharide antigenic determinants found principally on nk cells and t-cells. they are expressed at high levels in terminally differentiated or senescent cells with reduced proliferative capacity; however, their role in the immune response is poorly understood
CD58 Antigens: glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. cd58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to cd2; (cd2 antigens); and this enhances antigen-specific t-cell activation
CD59 Antigens: small glycoproteins found on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. cd59 restricts the cytolytic activity of homologous complement by binding to c8 and c9 and blocking the assembly of the membrane attack complex. (from barclay et al., the leukocyte antigen factsbook, 1993, p234)
CD68 Molecule: a single-pass type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein that localizes to lysosomes; endosomes; and cell surface cell membranes. it is a member of the lysosomal associated membrane glycoprotein family and the scavenger receptor family. the highly glycosylated extracellular domain binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins
CD79 Antigens: components of the b-cell antigen receptor that function in b-cell antigen receptor heavy chain transport to the plasma membrane. they are expressed almost exclusively by b-lymphocytes and are markers for b-cell neoplasms
CD8 Antigens: differentiation antigens found on thymocytes and on cytotoxic and suppressor t-lymphocytes. t8 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are associative recognition elements in mhc (major histocompatibility complex) class i-restricted interactions
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes: a critical subpopulation of regulatory t-lymphocytes involved in mhc class i-restricted interactions. they include both cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (t-lymphocytes, cytotoxic) and cd8+ suppressor t-lymphocytes
CD8-pozitivní T-lymfocyty: skupina bílých krvinek (t lymfocytů), mezi něž patří jednak buňky tlumící ostatní buňky zúčastněné na imunitní odpovědi (supresorové lymfocyty) a jednak buňky "zabíjející" cizí buňky, popř. i buňky vlastní (při autoimunitním onemocnění, nádorové buňky, buňky nakažené virem) - cytotoxické lymfocyty. (cit. velký lékařský slovník online, 2019 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz)
CD83 Antigen: a glycoprotein member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is primarily expressed on the surface of dendritic cells. it is believed to play a role in antigen presentation and cell-to-cell interaction following lymphocyte activation
CDC geny: geny pro proteiny, které regulují cyklus buněčného dělení. tyto geny tvoří regulační síť, jejíž ústřední součástí je aktivace cyklinem řízené kinázy zodpovídající za zahájení mitózy
CDC2 Protein Kinase: phosphoprotein with protein kinase activity that functions in the g2/m phase transition of the cell cycle. it is the catalytic subunit of the maturation-promoting factor and complexes with both cyclin a and cyclin b in mammalian cells. the maximal activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 is achieved when it is fully dephosphorylated
CDC2-CDC28 Kinases: a family of cell cycle-dependent kinases that are related in structure to cdc28 protein kinase, s cerevisiae and the cdc2 protein kinase found in mammalian species
CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiae: a protein kinase encoded by the saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc28 gene and required for progression from the g1 phase to the s phase in the cell cycle
CDP-Diacylglycerol-Inositol 3-Phosphatidyltransferase: an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of phosphatidylinositol and cmp from cdp-diacylglycerol and myoinositol
CDP-diacylglycerol-inositol-3-fosfatidyltransferasa: enzym, který katalyzuje tvorbu fosfatidylinositolu a cmp z cdp-diacylglycerolu a myoinositolu
CDP860: cdp860 is an engineered fab' fragment-polyethylene glycol conjugate, which binds to and blocks the activity of the beta-subunit of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor
CDPTH regimen: chemotherapy regimen that contains the above compounds; maintenance treatment used in women with advanced breast cancer;lower dose regimen compared with the cmfpth regimen
CDPdiacylglycerol-Serine O-Phosphatidyltransferase: an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of phosphatidylserine and cmp from cdpdiglyceride plus serine. ec 2.7.8.8
CDPdiacylglycerolserin-O-fosfatidyltransferasa: enzym, který katalyzuje tvorbu fosfatidylserinu a cmp z cdpdiglyceridu a serinu. ec 2.7.8.8
CDX2 Transcription Factor: an antennapedia-like homeodomain transcription factor that regulates the expression of multiple genes in the intestinal mucosa. it plays a critical role in many processes from early differentiation to maintenance of the intestinal epithelial lining of both the small and large intestine
CE-AVN protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cisplatin, etoposide, acnu, vincristine, and procarbazine; used in treatment of small cell lung cancer
CE-CAP protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of small-cell lung c cancer (sclc)
CE10 protein, Canis familiaris: a 13 kda member of the single whey protein domain protein family; amino acid ; genbank aj238953
CEA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of leukopenia
CEACAM1 Protein: a cell adhesion protein that is cross-reactive with carcinoembryonic antigen, involved in regulating vegfr2 signaling pathway and insulin functions. also, play a role as coinhibitory receptor in immune response and as an activator during angiogenesis
CEBA combination: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of abdominal germ cell cancers
CEC protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of germ cell tumors
CEE protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer
CEF regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of metastatic breast cancer
CELF Proteins: a family of rrm proteins which contain two n-terminal rna recognition motif (rrm) domains, one c-terminal rrm domain, and a divergent segment of 160-230 amino acids between the second and third rrm domains. they regulate pre-mrna alternative splicing and also function in rna editing and protein biosynthesis
CELF1 Protein: a member of the celf proteins family which binds gu rich elements (gres) and cug-triplet repeats in the 3'utr of mammalian mrna transcripts that undergo rapid turnover. it also binds au-rich elements (ares or eden-like) in the 3'utr of jun and fos mrnas. mutations in the human celf1 gene are associated with myotonic dystrophy type 1
CEO-PE protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used for treatment of patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer
CEOP protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine & prednisone
CEOP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of hiv-related non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CEOP-B protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CEOP-IMVP-Dexa regimen: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of high and intermediate grade malignant non-hodgkin's lymphomas
CEOP-MB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CEP combination: chemotherpay protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with non small cell lung cancer & fallopian tube carcinoma
CEP regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
CEPP protocol: chemotherapy regimen containing the above compounds; may or may not contain bleomycin; used in the treatment of non-hodgkins's lymphoma
CEV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin & vincristine
CEV regimen: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of small-cell lung cancer; do not confuse with cev protocol which consists of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin & vincristine
CEVAD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma
CEVBP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in the treatment of central nervous system lymphomas
CEVD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
CEVP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in combination with radiotherapy in the treatment of small cell lung cancer (sclc)
CFB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of neoplasms of upper respiratory tract and digestive tract
CFMPV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; do not confuse with cmfvp which contains prednisone in place of prednisolone
CFR protein, Staphylococcus sciuri: cfr is a plasmid-borne chloramphenicol-florfenicol resistance gene in staphylococcus sciuri; amino acid
CGV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine; used to treat advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
CHAC-1 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of carboplatin, doxorubicin, altretamine & cyclophosphamide; used in the treatment of ovarian cancer
CHAMOA: 6-drug bagshawe regimen used for treatment of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary
CHAMOCA regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treating choriocarcinoma
CHAMOMA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 7 cpds; used in the therapy of gestational trophoblastic disease
CHAMP-5 protocol: combination of above cpds; used in treatment of ovarian carcinoma
CHARGE Syndrome: rare disease characterized by coloboma; choanal atresia; and abnormal semicircular canals. mutations in chd7 protein resulting in disturbed neural crest development are associated with charge syndrome
CHARGE syndrom: komplexní vrozený syndrom zahrnující velké množství vrozených poruch (srdeční vady, poruchy zraku, sluchu, rovnováhy atd.) vyžadující intenzivní léčebnou péči, díky níž děti přežívají a mohou se dále vyvíjet (název pochází z pův. angl. coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the choanae, retardation of growth and/or development, genital and/or urinary abnormalities, and ear abnormalities). diagnóza je převážně klinická, genetický test t.č. není zcela spolehlivý - je přítomna mutace genu chd7 na 8. chromozomu, který se zřejmě podílí na regulaci dalších genů; jde o nové, dominantní mutace, nejsou však přítomny u všech postižených. (cit. velký lékařský slovník online, 2018 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz)
CHASE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of burkitt's lymphoma
CHEP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CHIVPP protocol: chemotherapy protocol containing above cpds; chlvpp contains prednisolone
CHLOROPP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
CHO Cells: cell line derived from the ovary of the chinese hamster, cricetulus griseus (cricetulus). the species is a favorite for cytogenetic studies because of its small chromosome number. the cell line has provided model systems for the study of genetic alterations in cultured mammalian cells
CHO buňky: buněčná linie derivovaná z buněk vaječníku čínského křečka, cricetulus griseus (cricetulus). cho buňky jsou často používané převážně v cytogenetických studiích pro svůj malý počet chromozómů. modelové systémy poskytované touto buněčnou linií slouží pro studium genetických změn v kultivovaných buňkách savců
CHOEP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CHOP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of lymphocytic leukemia and non-hodgkin's lymphoma; do not confuse with chop regimen which contains prednisolone instead of prednisone
CHOP protocol, modified: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; the dosage of drugs are reduced in comparison to chop protocol, doxorubicin is replaced by 4'-o-tetrahydropyranyl doxorubicin; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CHOP-B protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of lymphoma
CHOP-V-MMV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds and ranimustine for treatment of adult t-cell lymphoma
CHOP-VP16 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphomas
CHV-mP-VB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphomas
CHVP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 4 cpds; cics contains the same cpds, but in different concentrations
CHVP regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of follicular lymphoma
CHVmP-VB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment against non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CIF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds used in treatment of inoperable adenocarcinoma & large cell carcinoma of the lung
CIOD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treating diffuse large cell aids-related non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CIOP-Bleo protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CIP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma of the elderly
CISCA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of neoplasms
CISCA(II)-VB(IV) protocol: chemotheraphy protocol consisting of above 5 cpds
CIV protocol: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used in the treatment of small-cell lung cancer
CLAG protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
CLC-2 Chloride Channels: one of the nine mammalian members of the chloride channel family involved in chloride ion transport.it has several functions including the regulation of cell volume, membrane potential stabilization, signal transduction and transepithelial transport
CLOCK Proteins: basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) domain-containing proteins that contain intrinsic histone acetyltransferase activity and play important roles in circadian rhythm regulation. clock proteins combine with arntl proteins to form heterodimeric transcription factors that are specific for e-box elements and stimulate the transcription of several e-box genes that are involved in cyclical regulation. this transcriptional activation also sets into motion a time-dependent feedback loop which in turn down-regulates the expression of clock proteins
CMB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in therapy of advanced head and neck neoplasms
CMC protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of lymphoid malignancies
CMCF protocol: combination of cyclophosphamide, mitomycin c & fluorouracil
CMCp protocol: a myeloablative regimen consisting of the above compounds; used with autologous blood stem cell transplantation in patients with breast cancer
CMD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for the treatment of refractory & recurrent low grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CMED protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CMF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of ovarian neoplasms
CMFDV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of breast cancer
CMFP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of breast neoplasms
CMFPTH regimen: chemotherapy protocol containing above compounds; used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer
CMOPP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
CMP cyklický: cyklický nukleotid vzniklý z cytidintrifosfátu působením cytidylátcyklázy. je to potenciální intracelulární mediátor signálních transdukcí
CMPP protocol: used in the therapy of non-hodgkin's lymphoma; chemotherapy regimen containing above four cpds
CMU protocol: chemotherapy protocol used in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma; consists of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, & uft
CMV regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above three cpds; used in the therapy of small cell anaplastic lung cancer
CMVP regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of multiple myeloma
CMW cement: self-curing radiopaque bone cement from cmw lab ltd; polymethylmethacrylate based with small percent gentamicin sulfate as antibiotic; contains barium sulfate as radiopaque agent
CMxMF regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of breast cancer
CN3OP regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory hodgkin's lymphoma
CNR-NEO 2 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds for treatment of osteosarcoma
CNV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
COB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of ovarian tumors
COBDP regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of malignant lymphoma
COCE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of small cell lung carcinoma
CODBLAM IV protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used for the treatment of large cell lymphoma
COF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in therapy of lung neoplasms
COFB protocol: combination of above cpds used as preoperative chemotherapy for esophageal neoplasms
COFP protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of lung neoplasms
COFP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of malignant tumors of head & neck
COMB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methyl ccnu, and bleomycin
COMET-A protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of hiv-associated non-hodgkin's lymphoma
COMP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 4 cpds; see also record for comp-1 in which prednisone is replaced by procarbazine; do not confuse with mcop protocol
COMP-1 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 4 cpds; see also record for comp in which procarbazine is replaced by prednisone
COMP-VAN protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer
COMPA protocol: chemotherapy protocol containg above cpds; used in therapy of multiple myeloma
COMPE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate, etoposide, and peplomycin for the treatment of testicular choriocarcinoma
COMVP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of small cell lung carcinoma
CONB-A protocol: combination of ara-c, vincristine, ccnu, at 1258 and bleomycins; used in therapy of oat cell carcinoma
COP protocol 1: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of primary cerebral non-hodgkin's lymphoma
COP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
COP-Coated Vesicles: transport vesicles formed when cell-membrane coated pits (coated pits, cell-membrane) invaginate and pinch off. the outer surface of these vesicles is covered with a lattice-like network of cop (coat protein complex) proteins, either copi or copii. copi coated vesicles transport backwards from the cisternae of the golgi apparatus to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (endoplasmic reticulum, rough), while copii coated vesicles transport forward from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi apparatus
COP-PAF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 3 cpds & pafencil; used in the treatment of multiple myeloma
COP-vezikuly: transportní váčky vytvořené invaginací povlečených jamek, které se následně odškrtí od membrány. vnější povrch těchto váčků je potažený sítí proteinového komplexu cop (copi nebo copii). váčky copi zajišťují přepravu molekul z cisteren golgiho komplexu do hrubého endoplazmatického retikula, váčky copii umožňují transport v opačném směru
COP9 Signalosome Complex: a multiprotein complex that functions as a peptide hydrolase, or isopeptidase to cleave nedd8 protein from the cullin and ubiquitin-protein ligases, controlling the activity of the ligases. it is highly conserved in eukaryotes and typically consists of 8 subunits (csn 1-8 proteins). the cop9 signalosome was originally identified in plants, where it controls gene transcription in response to light
COP9 signalozom: multiproteinový komplex, který funguje jako peptidová hydroláza nebo izopeptidáza. katalyzuje odštěpení proteinu nedd8 z cullinové podjednotky cullin-ring ubikvitinligáz. katalyzuje tedy proces deneddylace - zároveň je zřejmě i schopen vázat deneddylované cullin-ring komplexy a udržovat je v neaktivní formě. ve výsledku tedy slouží jako výhradní deaktivátor těchto enzymů. u eukaryot je vysoce konzervovaný a obvykle se skládá z osmi podjednotek (proteinů csn 1-8). signalozom cop9 byl původně identifikován u rostlin, kde řídí transkripci genů v reakci na světlo. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2023 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
COPAD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 7 cpds; used in the treatment of b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphomas of childhood
COPADEM protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of primary cerebral non-hodgkin's lymphoma
COPE regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of small cell lung cancer
COPEP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of pingyangmycin (bleomycin/aa) & other compounds; used in the treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
COPP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment for hodgkins disease
COPP-ABVD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of childhood hodgkin lymphoma
COPU protocol: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of esophageal tumors
CORTOSS: consists primarily of bis-gma and bis-ema, plus tegdma
COS Cells: cell lines derived from the cv-1 cell line by transformation with a replication origin defective mutant of sv40 virus, which codes for wild type large t antigen (antigens, polyomavirus transforming). they are used for transfection and cloning. (the cv-1 cell line was derived from the kidney of an adult male african green monkey (chlorocebus aethiops).)
COS buňky: buněčné linie odvozené z buněk linie cv-1, které byly transformovány replikačně defektním virem sv40. ten kóduje velký t antigen divokého typu (antigeny transformující polyomavirové). tyto linie se používají pro transfekci a klonování. (buněčná linie cv-1 byla odvozena z ledviny dospělého samce kočkodana zeleného (cercopithecus aethiops).)
COSS-86 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of osteosarcoma
COUP Transcription Factor I: a coup transcription factor that was originally identified as a homodimer that binds to a direct repeat regulatory element in the chicken albumin promoter. it is a transcription factor that plays an important role in embryonic development of the central nervous system
COUP Transcription Factor II: a coup transcription factor that negatively regulates genetic transcription and competes with other hormone receptors for the common response element aggtca. it can also stimulate transcription of genes involved in the metabolism of glucose and cholesterol
COUP Transcription Factors: a sub-family of steroid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptors that have specificity for a variety of dna sequences related to aggtca. coup transcription factors can heterodimerize with a variety of factors including retinoic acid receptors; thyroid hormone receptors; and vitamin d receptors
COVID-19: a viral disorder generally characterized by high fever; cough; dyspnea; chills; persistent tremor; muscle pain; headache; sore throat; a new loss of taste and/or smell (see ageusia and anosmia) and other symptoms of a viral pneumonia. a coronavirus, sars-cov-2 virus, in the genus betacoronavirus is the causative agent
COVID-19: virové onemocnění obecně charakterizované vysokou horečkou, kašlem, dušností, zimnicí, stálým třesem, bolestí svalů, hlavy a krku, ztrátou chuti a/nebo čichu (ageuzie, anosmie) a dalšími příznaky virové pneumonie. u těžkých případů se podle závažnosti infekce často vyskytují nesčetné koagulopatie a další komplikace (např. hemokoagulace, trombóza, syndrom respirační tísně dospělých, křeče, infarkt myokardu, cévní mozková příhoda, mnohočetné cerebrální infarkty, selhání ledvin, katastrofální antifosfolipidový syndrom a/nebo diseminovaná intravaskulární koagulace). u mladších pacientů jsou s nemocí covid-19 spojené vzácné zánětlivé syndromy (např. atypický kawasakiho syndrom, septický šok, multisystémové zánětlivé onemocnění u dětí a syndrom cytokinové bouře). původcem nemoci covid-19 je koronavirus sars-cov-2 rodu betacoronavirus
COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing: diagnosis of covid-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence of the viral rna of sars-cov-2
COVID-19 Serological Testing: diagnosis of covid-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence antibodies specific to sars-cov-2 or its antigens
COVID-19 Serotherapy: transfer of blood plasma derived from patients who have recovered from covid-19 to non-immune hosts
COVID-19 Testing: diagnosis of covid-19 by assaying bodily fluids or tissues for the presence of covid-19 antibodies, sars-cov-2 antigens or the viral rna of sars-cov-2
COVID-19 Vaccines: vaccines or candidate vaccines containing sars-cov-2 component antigens, genetic materials, or inactivated sars-cov-2 virus, and designed to prevent covid-19
COVID-19 rebound: relapse of covid-19 symptoms or a new positive viral test following a period of improvement and having tested negative for sars-cov-2 (https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2022/pdf/cdc_han_467.pdf). covid-19 rebound symptoms may develop with or without covid-19 drug treatment (e.g., with paxlovid or molnupiravir) due to undetectable amount of virus presumably remaining from the initial infection instead of reinfection
COVID-19 reinfection: reinfection with any of sars-cov-2 virus including sars-cov-2 variants following a recovery from covid-19. covid-19 reinfection is due to second infection instead of reactivation or relapse of initial infection in covid-19 rebound
CP 530: mw 2300 synthetic cationic amino acid copolymer with a molar ratio of lysine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine of 11:2:1:1
CP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma
CP-62 polyamide: a minor groove-binding compound; ; do not confuse with cp-62 compound
CP1 plant extract: a functional food supplement to ameliorate neurodegeneration in parkinson's disease; has neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing activities; consists of cyperus rotundus and zingiber officinale
CPDD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment for ovarian cancer
CPT protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of small cell lung cancer
CPVP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of small cell lung cancer
CPoint: manufactured from trogamid t, trogamid cx, and a copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinylpyrrolidone
CR 39: plastic used as a charged particle detector for superimposed autoradiography tissue images