NLK-NML/MeSH-CZ-2025-notes huggingface dataset:
Histone Deacetylases: deacetylases that remove n-acetyl groups from amino side chains of the amino acids of histones. the enzyme family can be divided into at least three structurally-defined subclasses. class i and class ii deacetylases utilize a zinc-dependent mechanism. the sirtuin histone deacetylases belong to class iii and are nad-dependent enzymes
Histone Demethylases: enzymes that catalyse the removal of methyl groups from lysine or arginine residues found on histones. many histone demethylases generally function through an oxidoreductive mechanism
Histone Methyltransferases: enzymes that catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to lysine or arginine residues of histones, especially histone h3 and histone h4 proteins. they play a critical role in epigenetic processes
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase: an enzyme that catalyzes the methylation of the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in proteins to yield epsilon mono-, di-, and trimethyllysine
Histones: small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kd) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the dna in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. classification into the various types (designated histone i, histone ii, etc.) is based on the relative amounts of arginine and lysine in each
Histoplasma: a mitosporic onygenales fungal genus causing histoplasmosis in humans and animals. its single species is histoplasma capsulatum which has two varieties: h. capsulatum var. capsulatum and h. capsulatum var. duboisii. its teleomorph is ajellomyces capsulatus
Histoplasma: rod mitosporických hub řádu onygenales. je původce histoplazmózy u zvířat a člověka. jediný druh histoplasma capsulatum má dvě variety: h. capsulatum var. capsulatum a h. capsulatum var. duboisii. teleomorfou je ajellomyces capsulatus
Historical Article: an article or portion of an article giving an account of past events or circumstances significant in a field of study, a profession, a discovery, an invention, etc. the concept of history is very wide, ranging from the dawn of time to the present. this publication type is often checked in conjunction with biography
Historical Geographic Locations: countries known in remote history (as byzantium) or former names of countries reflecting political changes in the 19th or 20th century (as germany, east)
Historical Trauma: clinical distress among descendants of survivors of mass trauma, as if they had suffered through the same extreme historic circumstances. symptoms may persist through generations
Historically Black Colleges and Universities: the higher education act of 1965, as amended, defines an hbcu as: "...any historically black college or university that was established prior to 1964, whose principal mission was, and is, the education of black americans, and that is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the secretary [of education] to be a reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation." (https://sites.ed.gov/whhbcu/one-hundred-and-five-historically-black-colleges-and-universities/
Historically Controlled Study: a study that compares a group of participants receiving an intervention with a similar group from the past who did not
Historiography: the writing of history; the principles, theory, and history of historical writing; the product of historical writing. (webster, 3d ed)
History, 15th Century: time period from 1401 through 1500 of the common era
History, 16th Century: time period from 1501 through 1600 of the common era
History, 17th Century: time period from 1601 through 1700 of the common era
History, 18th Century: time period from 1701 through 1800 of the common era
History, 19th Century: time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era
History, 20th Century: time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era
History, 21st Century: time period from 2001 through 2100 of the common era
History, Early Modern 1451-1600: the period of history from 1451 through 1600 of the common era
History, Medieval: the period of history from the year 500 through 1450 of the common era
History, Modern 1601-: the period of history from 1601 of the common era to the present
Histrionic Personality Disorder: a personality disorder characterized by overly reactive and intensely expressed or overly dramatic behavior, proneness to exaggeration, emotional excitability, and disturbances in interpersonal relationships
Hisův svazek: hisův svazek je součást převodního systému srdečního, která převádí vzruch ze síní na komory. je tvořen svazkem specializovaných buněk srdeční svaloviny, přizpůsobených šíření elektrického vzruchu. navazuje na atrioventrikulární uzel a prochází vazivovou přepážkou oddělující elektricky síně od komor (přes trigonum fibrosum dextrum). v mezikomorové přepážce se větví na pravé a levé tawarovo raménko, kterými se vzruch rozvádí dále na svalovinu srdečních komor. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2019 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
Hittner Hirsch Kreh syndrome: colobomatous microphthalmia, heart disease, hearing loss, and mental retardation
Ho Kaufman Mcalister syndrome: cleft palate, micrognathia, wormian bones, congenital heart disease, dislocated hips, absent tibiae, bowed fibulae, preaxial polydactyly of the feet, and abnormal dermal patterns at birth due to
Hoarding Disorder: disordered behavior associated with clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning and persistent difficulty parting with possessions due to a perceived need to save the items and distress associated with discarding them. (from dsm-v) the quantity of collected items sets the behavior apart from normal collecting behaviors
Hockey: a game in which two parties of players provided with curved or hooked sticks seek to drive a ball or puck through opposite goals. this applies to either ice hockey or field hockey
Hodgkin Disease: a malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. in the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate hodgkin's and reed-sternberg cells are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen
Hodgkinova nemoc: zhoubné (maligní) onemocnění lymfatických uzlin, které je charakterizováno nebolestivým zduřením lymfatických tkání a sleziny. vyskytuje se nejčastěji u mladých osob mezi 15 a 35 lety. příznaky tvoří teploty, ztráta hmotnosti, úbytek červených krvinek, noční pocení a zvětšení uzlin. (cit. česká onkologická společnost české lékařské společnosti jana evangelisty purkyně. slovníček, 2015 http://www.linkos.cz/slovnicek/)
Hoffa Fracture: coronal plane fractures of the femur condyle at the knee
Hoffova fraktura: zlomenina dorzální části obou kondylů femuru ve frontální rovině neboli tzv. hoffova zlomenina
Holarrhena: a plant genus of the family apocynaceae. members contain holarrhenine (a steroidal alkaloid) and trichothecenes
Holarrhena: rod rostlin čeledi apocynaceae, jehož zástupci obsahují holarenin (steroidní alkaloid) a trichotheceny
Holcus: a plant genus of the family poaceae that contains hol l 1 and hol l 5 allergens
Holcus: rod rostlin čeledi poaceae (lipnicovité), jehož zástupci obsahují alergeny hol l 1 a hol l 5
Holistic Health: health as viewed from the perspective that humans function as complete, integrated units rather than as aggregates of separate parts
Holistic Nursing: a philosophy of nursing practice that takes into account total patient care, considering the physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs of patients, their response to their illnesses, and the effect of illness on patients' abilities to meet self-care needs. (from mosby's medical, nursing, & allied health dictionary, 4th ed, p745)
Holliday Junction Resolvases: enzymes that recognize cruciform dna structures and introduce paired incisions that help to resolve the structure into two dna helices
Holmium: an element of the rare earth family of metals. it has the atomic symbol ho, atomic number 67, and atomic weight 164.93
Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency: the neonatal form of multiple carboxylase deficiency that is caused by a defect or deficiency in holocarboxylase synthetase. hlcs is the enzyme that covalently links biotin to the biotin dependent carboxylases (propionyl-coa-carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-methylcrotonyl-coa carboxylase)
Holocaust: a massive slaughter, especially the systematic mass extermination of european jews in nazi concentration camps prior to and during world war ii
Holoenzymes: catalytically active enzymes that are formed by the combination of an apoenzyme (apoenzymes) and its appropriate cofactors and prosthetic groups
Holography: the recording of images in three-dimensional form on a photographic film by exposing it to a laser beam reflected from the object under study
Holometabola: a superorder of insects within the neoptera that go through metamorphosis from egg to larva, pupa, and adult stages. orders of mosquitoes; bees; butterflies; and fleas belong to this group
Holoprosencephaly: anterior midline brain, cranial, and facial malformations resulting from the failure of the embryonic prosencephalon to undergo segmentation and cleavage. alobar prosencephaly is the most severe form and features anophthalmia; cyclopia; severe intellectual disability; cleft lip; cleft palate; seizures; and microcephaly. semilobar holoprosencepaly is characterized by hypotelorism, microphthalmia, coloboma, nasal malformations, and variable degrees of intellectual disability. lobar holoprosencephaly is associated with mild (or absent) facial malformations and intellectual abilities that range from mild intellectual disability to normal. holoprosencephaly is associated with chromosome abnormalities
Holosporaceae: a family of bacteria comprised of endosymbionts of protozoa
Holosporaceae: čeleď bakterií, které jsou endosymbionty prvoků (protozoa)
Holothuria: a genus of large sea cucumbers in the family holothuriidae possessing thick body walls, a warty body surface, and microscopic ossicles
Holothuria: rod velkých sumýšů čeledi holothuriidae se silnou, hrbolatou tělní stěnou a zakrnělou kostrou
Holothurin: a highly toxic saponin occurring in holothuroidea. this marine toxin is an anionic surfactant, hemolyzing erythrocytes
Holt-Oram syndrome: a genetic condition with autosomal dominant inheritance that is characterized by skeletal abnormalities of the upper limbs, particularly thumb and wrist anomalies; additional skeletal abnormalities may also be present. about 75% of those affected have heart abnormalities, notably atrial septal defects and cardiac conduction defects. mutations in the tbx5 gene have been identified. omim: 142900
Holtzman Inkblot Test: personality evaluation based on the scoring of several variables as a result of the subject's responses in perceiving 47 inkblot plates
Holtzmanův test inkoustové skvrny: hodnocení osobnosti na základě získaných bodů v několika proměnných při reakcích jedince na 47 inkoustových skvrn
Holy Roman Empire: realm in central europe consisting of a confederation of german and italian territories under the suzerainty of an emperor and existing from the 9th or 10th century to 1806
Home Care Agencies: public or private organizations that provide, either directly or through arrangements with other organizations, home health services in the patient's home. (hospital administration terminology, 2d ed)
Home Care Services: community health and nursing services providing coordinated multiple services to the patient at the patient's homes. these home-care services are provided by a visiting nurse, home health agencies, hospitals, or organized community groups using professional staff for care delivery. it differs from home nursing which is provided by non-professionals
Home Care Services, Hospital-Based: hospital-sponsored provision of health services, such as nursing, therapy, and health-related homemaker or social services, in the patient's home. (hospital administration terminology, 2d ed)
Home Environment: aspects of peoples' living conditions that may and can impact people's health and/or well-being. these factors may be physical (e.g., housing quality) or social circumstances (e.g., living alone)
Home Health Aides: persons who assist ill, elderly, or persons with disabilities in the home, carrying out personal care and housekeeping tasks. (from slee & slee, health care terms. 2d ed, p202)
Home Health Nursing: a nursing specialty in which skilled nursing care is provided to patients in their homes by registered or licensed practical nurses. home health nursing differs from home nursing in that home health nurses are licensed professionals, while home nursing involves non-professional caregivers
Home Infusion Therapy: use of any infusion therapy on an ambulatory, outpatient, or other non-institutionalized basis
Home Nursing: nursing care given to an individual in the home. the care may be provided by a family member or a friend. home nursing as care by a non-professional is differentiated from home care services provided by professionals: visiting nurse, home health agencies, hospital, or other organized community group
Home Schooling: it is a program of regular, thorough instruction during the school year in the studies usually taught in public and private schools to children of the same age. (https://dsd.maryland.gov/regulations/pages/13a.10.01.01.aspx)
Homebound Persons: those unable to leave home without exceptional effort and support; patients (in this condition) who are provided with or are eligible for home health services, including medical treatment and personal care. persons are considered homebound even if they may be infrequently and briefly absent from home if these absences do not indicate an ability to receive health care in a professional's office or health care facility. (from facts on file dictionary of health care management, 1988, p309)
Homeless Youth: runaway and homeless children and adolescents living on the streets of cities and having no fixed place of residence
Homemaker Services: non-medical support services, such as food preparation and bathing, given by trained personnel to disabled, sick or convalescent individuals in their home
Homeobox A10 Proteins: sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis of tissues. they bind to the dna sequence 5'-aa[at]ttttattac-3'
Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.2: a homeobox-containing transcription factor that functions in insulin-secreting cells. mutations in the nkx2-2 gene are associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young and oligodendroglioma
Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5: a homeobox-containing transcription factor that functions in heart development. mutations in the nkx2-5 gene are associated with atrial septal defects and tetralogy of fallot
Homeobox Protein PITX2: a homeodomain transcription factor involved in cardiac development
Homeobox Protein SIX3: a homeodomain protein that functions in embryonic eye and forebrain development
Homeodomain Proteins: proteins encoded by homeobox genes (genes, homeobox) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic dna-binding proteins. homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (gene expression regulation, developmental)
Homeopathy: a system of therapeutics founded by samuel hahnemann (1755-1843), based on the law of similars where like cures like. diseases are treated by highly diluted substances that cause, in healthy persons, symptoms like those of the disease to be treated
Homer Scaffolding Proteins: homer proteins belong to a family of adaptor and scaffold proteins which include homer1, homer2 and homer3. homer1 and homer2 play a role in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, whereas homer3 functions in stimulating changes in actin dynamics in neurons and t-cells. homer proteins are best known as scaffold proteins at the post-synaptic density where they facilitate synaptic signaling. they function as a molecular switch in metabotropic glutamate receptor (mglur) signaling, and are associated with human fragile x syndrome
Homes for the Aged: geriatric long-term care facilities which provide supervision and assistance in activities of daily living with medical and nursing services when required
Homing Behavior: instinctual patterns of activity related to a specific area including ability of certain animals to return to a given place when displaced from it, often over great distances using navigational clues such as those used in migration (animal migration)
Hominidae: family of the suborder haplorhini (anthropoidea) comprising bipedal primate mammals. it includes modern man (homo sapiens) and the great apes: gorillas (gorilla gorilla), chimpanzees (pan paniscus and pan troglodytes), and orangutans (pongo pygmaeus)
Hominidae: čeleď primátů z nadčeledi hominoidi (hominoidea). někdy se uvádí český název čeledi hominidae jako "lidem podobní" nebo "lidoopi". je to skupina spojující orangutany, gorily, šimpanze a lidi. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2019 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
Homocysteine: a thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of methionine
Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase: an enzyme that catalyzes the demethylation of l-homocysteine to l-methionine
Homocysteinemia: elevated serum homocysteine levels that occur in several inherited metabolic disorders. germline mutations in the cbs gene (omim: 613381) have been identified for homocysitinuria, and in the mthfr gene (omim: 607093) for n(5,10)-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. omim: 603174
Homocystinuria: autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of cystathionine beta-synthase and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. clinical features include a tall slender habitus, scoliosis, arachnodactyly, muscle weakness, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of mental retardation, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by cerebrovascular accidents and myocardial infarction. (from adams et al., principles of neurology, 6th ed, p979)
Homocystinuria, Pyridoxine-Responsive: mutation in cystathionine beta-synthase
Homogentisate 1,2-Dioxygenase: a mononuclear fe(ii)-dependent oxygenase, this enzyme catalyzes the conversion of homogentisate to 4-maleylacetoacetate, the third step in the pathway for the catabolism of tyrosine. deficiency in the enzyme causes alkaptonuria, an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by homogentisic aciduria, ochronosis and arthritis. this enzyme was formerly characterized as ec 1.13.1.5 and ec 1.99.2.5
Homogentisic Acid: dihydroxyphenylacetic acid with hydroxyls at the 2 and 5 positions of the phenyl ring
Homoharringtonine: semisynthetic derivative of harringtonine that acts as a protein synthesis inhibitor and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukemia, chronic
Homophobia: differential treatment or unequal access to opportunities or services based on perceived homosexual preference or orientation
Homoserine Dehydrogenase: an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of aspartic beta-semialdehyde to homoserine, which is the branch point in biosynthesis of methionine, lysine, threonine and leucine from aspartic acid. ec 1.1.1.3
Homoserine O-Succinyltransferase: the first enzyme in the methionine biosynthetic pathway, this enzyme catalyzes the succinylation reaction of l-homoserine to o-succinyl-l-homoserine and coenzyme a using succinyl-coa
Homosteroids: steroids whose structure has been expanded by the addition of one or more carbon atoms to the ring skeleton in any of the four rings
Homovanillic Acid: a 3-o-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid
Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: a rare inherited genetic disorder, one form of hyperlipoproteinemia type ii, characterized by high level of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) which if not treated could elevate the chance of heart attack at an early age
Honduras: a country in central america, bordering the caribbean sea, between guatemala and nicaragua and bordering the gulf of fonseca (north pacific ocean), between el salvador and nicaragua
Honduras: stát v střední americe. jeho sousedy jsou guatemala na severozápadě, salvador na jihozápadě a nikaragua na jihu. jihozápadní výběžek země je omýván vodami pacifiku (záliv fonseca), z druhé strany má honduras dlouhé pobřeží s atlantským oceánem. hlavní město tegucigalpa. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2022 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
Honey: a sweet viscous liquid food, produced in the honey sacs of various bees from nectar collected from flowers. the nectar is ripened into honey by inversion of its sucrose sugar into fructose and glucose. it is somewhat acidic and has mild antiseptic properties, being sometimes used in the treatment of burns and lacerations
Hong Kong: the former british crown colony located off the southeast coast of china, comprised of hong kong island, kowloon peninsula, and new territories. the three sites were ceded to the british by the chinese respectively in 1841, 1860, and 1898. hong kong reverted to china in july 1997. the name represents the cantonese pronunciation of the chinese xianggang, fragrant port, from xiang, perfume and gang, port or harbor, with reference to its currents sweetened by fresh water from a river west of it
Honghua extract, Carthamus tinctorius: neuroprotective extract from the petals of the chinese safflower (carthamus tinctorius, honghua); active principle may be a neutral monosaccharide; crude extract (1gm/ml) contained 149-63 mmol/l glucose
Honor-Based Violence: crimes against a family member which are, or have been, justified by the perpetrators to protect the honor of the family. the targets may be children or adults of either gender
Hoodia: a genus in the dogbane family (apocynaceae) used in traditional medicine for appetite-suppressant properties
Hoodia: rod rostlin čeledi apocynaceae, jehož zástupci obsahují látky potlačující chuť k jídlu. využívají se v tradičním lékařství
Hoof and Claw: highly keratinized processes that are sharp and curved, or flat with pointed margins. they are found especially at the end of the limbs in certain animals
Hooft disease: retarded physical development, erythematosquamous eruption, opaque leukonychia, mental retardation, and low serum lipids
Hookworm Infections: infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus ancylostoma or necator, for which the specific terms ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis are available
Hopfield Neural Networks: fully interconnected, single layer neural network, which can be used for associative memory and optimization tasks
Hordeolum: purulent infection of one of the sebaceous glands of zeis along the eyelid margin (external) or of the meibomian gland on the conjunctival side of the eyelid (internal)
Hordeum: a plant genus of the family poaceae. the edible grain, barley, is widely used as food
Hordnes Engebretsen Knudtson syndrome: acrobrachycephaly, ventriculomegaly, pulmonary stenosis, ectopic anus and mental retardation
Hormesis: biphasic dose responses of cells or organisms (including microorganisms) to an exogenous or intrinsic factor, in which the factor induces stimulatory or beneficial effects at low doses and inhibitory or adverse effects at high doses
Hormone Antagonists: chemical substances which inhibit the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites
Hormone Replacement Therapy: therapeutic use of hormones to alleviate the effects of hormone deficiency
Hormones: chemical substances having a specific regulatory effect on the activity of a certain organ or organs. the term was originally applied to substances secreted by various endocrine glands and transported in the bloodstream to the target organs. it is sometimes extended to include those substances that are not produced by the endocrine glands but that have similar effects
Hormones, Ectopic: hormones released from neoplasms or from other cells that are not the usual sources of hormones
Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists: a collective grouping for both naturally occurring and synthetic hormones, substitutes, and antagonists
Horner Syndrome: a syndrome associated with defective sympathetic innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. clinical features include miosis; mild blepharoptosis; and hemifacial anhidrosis (decreased sweating)(see hypohidrosis). lesions of the brain stem; cervical spinal cord; first thoracic nerve root; apex of the lung; carotid artery; cavernous sinus; and apex of the orbit may cause this condition. (from miller et al., clinical neuro-ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11)
Hornerův syndrom: typ periferního vegetativního syndromu, vyvíjí se při lézi horního krčního sympatiku segmentu c8-th1 (budgeova ciliospinálního centra) - poškození míšních kořenů, ramus communicans albus, ganglion cervicale craniale a plexus caroticus. klinicky se projeví ptózou, miózou, enoftalmem, hyperhidrózou a hypertermií na příslušné straně tváře. cbh syndrom se může rozvinout i při poškození jader v hypothalamu a v mozkovém kmeni, je pak součástí pontinního syndromu. tento syndrom se někdy nazývá zánikový sympatikový syndrom. srov. hornerova triáda. (cit. velký lékařský slovník online, 2013 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz/ )
Horns: either of the pair of hard processes, including antlers, that consist of a bone core surrounded by a middle keratin layer which is in turn covered by epidermis. they grow from the upper portion of the head of many ruminants
Horseradish Peroxidase: an enzyme isolated from horseradish which is able to act as an antigen. it is frequently used as a histochemical tracer for light and electron microscopy. its antigenicity has permitted its use as a combined antigen and marker in experimental immunology
Horses: large, hoofed mammals of the family equidae. horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest
Horseshoe Crabs: an arthropod subclass (xiphosura) comprising the north american (limulus) and asiatic (tachypleus) genera of horseshoe crabs
Horticultural Therapy: a therapeutic approach in which the engagement of a person in gardening and plant-based activities are utilized in improving an individual's social, emotional, educational, psychological, and physical well-being
Horticulture: branch of agriculture which involves the cultivation of vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants for food, industrial, medicinal, or aesthetic purposes. it does not include crop production on a large scale
Hospice Care: specialized health care, supportive in nature, provided to a dying person. a holistic approach is often taken, providing patients and their families with legal, financial, emotional, or spiritual counseling in addition to meeting patients' immediate physical needs. care may be provided in the home, in the hospital, in specialized facilities (hospices), or in specially designated areas of long-term care facilities. the concept also includes bereavement care for the family. (from dictionary of health services management, 2d ed)
Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing: a nursing specialty concerned with care of patients facing serious or life-threatening illnesses. the goal of palliative nursing is to prevent and relieve suffering, and to support the best possible quality of life for patients and their families. hospice nursing is palliative care for people in their final stages of life
Hospices: facilities or services which are especially devoted to providing palliative and supportive care to the patient with a terminal illness and to the patient's family
Hospital Bed Capacity: the number of beds which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. it may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use
Hospital Bed Capacity, 300 to 499: the number of beds from 300 to 499 which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. it may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use
Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over: the number of beds 500 or more which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. it may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use
Hospital Bed Capacity, under 100: the number of beds under 100 which a hospital has been designed and constructed to contain. it may also refer to the number of beds set up and staffed for use
Hospital Charges: the prices a hospital sets for its services. hospital costs (the direct and indirect expenses incurred by the hospital in providing the services) are one factor in the determination of hospital charges. other factors may include, for example, profits, competition, and the necessity of recouping the costs of uncompensated care
Hospital Costs: the expenses incurred by a hospital in providing care. the hospital costs attributed to a particular patient care episode include the direct costs plus an appropriate proportion of the overhead for administration, personnel, building maintenance, equipment, etc. hospital costs are one of the factors which determine hospital charges (the price the hospital sets for its services)
Hospital Distribution Systems: systems for delivering hospital supplies, food, laundry, etc., to patient care areas
Hospital Information Systems: integrated, computer-assisted systems designed to store, manipulate, and retrieve information concerned with the administrative and clinical aspects of providing medical services within the hospital
Hospital Medicine: the branch of medicine concerned with the delivery of comprehensive medical care to hospitalized patients. practitioners include physicians and non-physician providers who engage in clinical care, teaching, research, or leadership in the field of general hospital medicine.(from http://www.hospitalmedicine.org/am/template.cfm?section=hospitalist_definition)
Hospital Mortality: a vital statistic measuring or recording the rate of death from any cause in hospitalized populations
Hospital Planning: areawide planning for hospitals or planning of a particular hospital unit on the basis of projected consumer need. this does not include hospital design and construction or architectural plans
Hospital Rapid Response Team: multidisciplinary team most frequently consisting of intensive care unit trained personnel who are available 24 hours per day, 7 days per week for evaluation of patients who develop signs or symptoms of severe clinical deterioration
Hospital Shared Services: cooperation among hospitals for the purpose of sharing various departmental services, e.g., pharmacy, laundry, data processing, etc
Hospital Shops: stores located in hospitals selling merchandise or services for the convenience of patients, staff, and visitors
Hospital Units: those areas of the hospital organization not considered departments which provide specialized patient care. they include various hospital special care wards
Hospital-Patient Relations: interactions between hospital staff or administrators and patients. includes guest relations programs designed to improve the image of the hospital and attract patients
Hospital-Physician Joint Ventures: a formal financial agreement made between one or more physicians and a hospital to provide ambulatory alternative services to those patients who do not require hospitalization
Hospital-Physician Relations: includes relationships between hospitals, their governing boards, and administrators in regard to physicians, whether or not the physicians are members of the medical staff or have medical staff privileges
Hospitalists: physicians who are employed to work exclusively in hospital settings, primarily for managed care organizations. they are the attending or primary responsible physician for the patient during hospitalization
Hospitals, Community: institutions with permanent facilities and organized medical staff which provide the full range of hospital services primarily to a neighborhood area
Hospitals, Convalescent: hospitals which provide care to the patient for the period following an acute illness until health is restored
Hospitals, General: large hospitals with a resident medical staff which provides continuous care to maternity, surgical and medical patients
Hospitals, Group Practice: hospitals organized and controlled by a group of physicians who practice together and provide each other with mutual support
Hospitals, High-Volume: hospitals with a much higher than average utilization by physicians and a large number of procedures
Hospitals, Isolation: hospitals designed or used to isolate or quarantine persons with communicable diseases
Hospitals, Low-Volume: hospitals with a much lower than average utilization by physicians and smaller number of procedures
Hospitals, Osteopathic: hospitals providing care utilizing the generally accepted medical and surgical methods but with emphasis on the osteopathic system of therapy
Hospitals, Packaged: hospital equipment and supplies, packaged for long-term storage, sufficient to set up a general hospital in an emergency situation. they are also called packaged disaster hospitals and formerly civil defense emergency hospitals
Hospitals, Private: a class of hospitals that includes profit or not-for-profit hospitals that are controlled by a legal entity other than a government agency. (hospital administration terminology, aha, 2d ed)
Hospitals, Proprietary: hospitals owned and operated by a corporation or an individual that operate on a for-profit basis, also referred to as investor-owned hospitals
Hospitals, Public: hospitals controlled by various types of government, i.e., city, county, district, state or federal
Hospitals, Rehabilitation: free standing rehabilitation hospitals and rehabilitation units in acute care hospitals. they provide an intensive inpatient rehabilitation program
Hospitals, Satellite: those hospitals which are extensions of a main hospital and are wholly or partly administered by that hospital
Hospitals, Special: hospitals which provide care for a single category of illness with facilities and staff directed toward a specific service
Hospitals, Teaching: hospitals engaged in educational and research programs, as well as providing medical care to the patients
Hospitals, University: hospitals maintained by a university for the teaching of medical students, postgraduate training programs, and clinical research
Hospitals, Voluntary: private, not-for-profit hospitals that are autonomous, self-established, and self-supported
Host Adaptation: genetic changes that allow an infectious organism to develop a symbiotic relationship with the organism they infect or jump a species barrier to infect a new host organism
Host Cell Factor C1: a cellular transcriptional coactivator that contains n-terminal kelch repeats and n- and c-terminal fibronectin type iii domains. it functions as a transcription factor for a number of genes and in the assembly of immediate-early proteins of the herpes simplex virus. mutations in the hcfc1 gene are associated with cases of x-linked mental retardation
Host Factor 1 Protein: an integration host factor that was originally identified as a bacterial protein required for the integration of bacteriophage q beta (allolevivirus). its cellular function may be to regulate mrna stability and processing in that it binds tightly to poly(a) rna and interferes with ribosome binding
Host Specificity: the properties of a pathogen that makes it capable of infecting one or more specific hosts. the pathogen can include parasites as well as viruses; bacteria; fungi; or plants
Host Tropism: the specificity of certain pathogens for infecting a particular type of cell or tissue
Host vs Graft Reaction: the immune responses of a host to a graft. a specific response is graft rejection
Host-Derived Cellular Factors: a broad category of endogenous cellular factors that are used by viruses for essential functions such as virus replication. many host-derived factors play normal cellular roles in non-infected cells
Host-Parasite Interactions: the relationship between an invertebrate and another organism (the host), one of which lives at the expense of the other. traditionally excluded from definition of parasites are pathogenic bacteria; fungi; viruses; and plants; though they may live parasitically
Host-Pathogen Interactions: the interactions between a host and a pathogen, usually resulting in disease
Host-Seeking Behavior: searching behavior by parasitic or commensal organisms, to find animals or plants that are a source of nourishment and habitation
Hosta: a plant genus of the family asparagaceae. members contain steroidal saponins
Hosta: rod rostlin čeledi asparagaceae, jehož zástupci obsahují steroidní saponiny
Hostility: tendency to feel anger toward and to seek to inflict harm upon a person or group
Hostinert 245: perfluorinated polyether; suitable for vitreous replacement in short-term intraoperative use
Hot Flashes: a sudden, temporary sensation of heat predominantly experienced by some women during menopause. (random house unabridged dictionary, 2d ed)
Hot Melt Extrusion Technology: solvent-free method for preparing numerous types of drug delivery systems and dosage forms for active pharmaceutical ingredients that have solubility issues. it involves pumping polymeric materials at temperatures above their glass transition temperature to mix in active pharmaceutical ingredients with or without binders thus forming an amorphous product with an increase in the dissolution profile for the active pharmaceutical ingredients
Hot Springs: habitat of hot water naturally heated by underlying geologic processes. surface hot springs have been used for balneology. underwater hot springs are called hydrothermal vents
Hotlines: a direct communication system, usually telephone, established for instant contact. it is designed to provide special information and assistance through trained personnel and is used for counseling, referrals, and emergencies such as poisonings and threatened suicides
House Calls: visits to the patient's home by professional personnel for the purpose of diagnosis and/or treatment
Houseflies: flies of the species musca domestica (family muscidae), which infest human habitations throughout the world and often act as carriers of pathogenic organisms
Household Articles: various material objects and items in the home. it includes temporary or permanent machinery and appliances. it does not include furniture or interior furnishings (furniture see interior design and furnishings; interior furnishings see interior design and furnishings)
Household Work: household work including physical, emotional, and spiritual integrating household work with care work whether on a paid or unpaid basis
Housekeeping, Hospital: hospital department which manages and provides the required housekeeping functions in all areas of the hospital
Housing Instability: this encompasses a number of challenges, such as having trouble paying rent, living in overcrowded conditions, moving frequently, living with friends or relatives out of necessity, being unhoused, or spending the bulk of household income (>50%) on housing. (https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/social-determinants-health/interventions-resources/housing-instability)
Housing Quality: physical condition of a person's home as well as the quality of the social and physical environment in which the home is located. aspects of housing quality include air quality, home safety, space per individual, and the presence of mold, asbestos, or lead. housing quality is affected by factors like a home's design and age.(https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/social-determinants-health/interventions-resources/quality-of-housing)
Housing for the Elderly: housing arrangements for the elderly or aged, intended to foster independent living. the housing may take the form of group homes or small apartments. it is available to the economically self-supporting but the concept includes housing for the elderly with some physical limitations. the concept should be differentiated from homes for the aged which is restricted to long-term geriatric facilities providing supervised medical and nursing services
Houttuynia: a plant genus of the family saururaceae. members contain aristolactams
Houttuynia: rod rostlin čeledi santalaceae, jehož zástupci obsahují aristolaktamy
Hoyeraal Hreidarsson syndrome: a severe variant of dkc that is characterized by multisystem involvement and early onset in utero. patients with hhs show intrauterine growth retardation; microcephaly; developmental disabilities, and bone marrow failure resulting in immunodeficiency, cerebellar hypoplasia, and sometimes enteropathy. death often occurs in childhood. caused by mutations in the dkc1 gene. omim: 305000
HuArgI (Co)-PEG5000: has antineoplastic activity; consists of recombinant human arginase i cobalt coupled to peg5000
Huang Qi: root extract preparation from astragalus propinquus that is used in traditional chinese medicine and is thought to posses anti-ageing properties
Huckleberry Plant: several plant species of the genus vaccinium known for the edible huckleberry fruit
Human Body: the human being as a non-anatomical and non-zoological entity. the emphasis is on the philosophical or artistic treatment of the human being, and includes lay and social attitudes toward the body in history. (from j. cassedy, nlm history of medicine division)
Human Challenge Trials: trials in which participants are intentionally challenged (whether or not they have been vaccinated) with exposure to an infectious disease organism
Human Challenge Trials as Topic: works about trials in which participants are intentionally challenged (whether or not they have been vaccinated) with exposure to an infectious disease organism
Human Characteristics: the fundamental dispositions and traits of humans. (merriam-webster's collegiate dictionary, 10th ed)
Human Development: continuous sequential changes which occur in the physiological and psychological functions during the life-time of an individual
Human Embryonic Stem Cells: a type of pluripotent stem cells derived from early stage human embryos, up to and including the blastocyst stage
Human Genome Project: a coordinated effort of researchers to map (chromosome mapping) and sequence (sequence analysis, dna) the human genome
Human Growth Hormone: a 191-amino acid polypeptide hormone secreted by the human adenohypophysis (pituitary gland, anterior), also known as gh or somatotropin. synthetic growth hormone, termed somatropin, has replaced the natural form in therapeutic usage such as treatment of dwarfism in children with growth hormone deficiency
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins: proteins synthesized by human immunodeficiency viruses such as the hiv-1 and hiv-2
Human Migration: dispersion or dislocation of people from their country of origin, either voluntarily or involuntarily
Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests: methods for detecting or typing the dna of an alphapapillomavirus in biological tissues and fluids
Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent, Types 6, 11, 16, 18: a vaccine containing l1 capsid proteins from four types of hpv (alphapapillomavirus), types 6, 11, 16 and 18 that is used to prevent infections from human papillomaviruses of these subtypes
Human Papillomavirus Viruses: a large group of viruses that cause human papillomavirus infection, e.g., genital warts and cancer of the cervix; vagina; vulva; anus; or oropharynx. most common clinically important human papilloma viruses are taxonomically members of alphapapillomavirus and gammapapillomavirus
Human Rights: the right of the individual to cultural, social, economic, and educational opportunities as provided by society, e.g., right to work, right to education, and right to social security
Human Rights Abuses: deliberate maltreatment of groups of humans beings including violations of generally-accepted fundamental rights as stated by the universal declaration of human rights, adopted and proclaimed by the united nations general assembly resolution 217 a (iii) of 10 december 1948
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1: a strain of primate t-lymphotropic virus 1 isolated from mature t4 cells in patients with t-lymphoproliferation malignancies. it causes adult t-cell leukemia (leukemia-lymphoma, t-cell, acute, htlv-i-associated), t-cell lymphoma (lymphoma, t-cell), and is involved in mycosis fungoides, sezary syndrome and tropical spastic paraparesis (paraparesis, tropical spastic)
Human T-lymphotropic virus 2: a strain of primate t-lymphotropic virus 2 that can transform normal t-lymphocytes and can replicate in both t- and b-cell lines. the virus is related to but distinct from htlv-1
Human T-lymphotropic virus 3: a strain of primate t-lymphotropic virus 3 that is genetically similar to stlv-3
Human Trafficking: recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. (un. protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the united nations convention against transnational organized crime. general assembly resolution 55/25. united nations general assembly, 2000)
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells: endothelial cells that line venous vessels of the umbilical cord
Human bocavirus: a member of the family parvoviridae, subfamily parvovirinae, originally isolated from human nasopharyngeal aspirates in patients with respiratory disease
Human papillomavirus 11: a type of alphapapillomavirus causing recurrent respiratory papillomatosis; genital warts; and other neoplasms
Human papillomavirus 16: a type of alphapapillomavirus especially associated with malignant tumors of the cervix and the respiratory mucosa
Human papillomavirus 18: a type of human papillomavirus especially associated with malignant tumors of the genital and respiratory mucosa
Human papillomavirus 31: a type of alphapapillomavirus associated with high risk for anogenital neoplasms
Human papillomavirus 6: a type of alphapapillomavirus usually associated with genital warts; and laryngeal neoplasms
Human-Animal Interaction: encompasses any situation where there is interchange between human(s) and animal(s) at an individual or cultural level. these interactions are diverse and idiosyncratic, and may be fleeting or profound. (https://www.avma.org/kb/policies/pages/the-human-animal-bond.aspx accessed 8/22/2019)
Humanism: an ethical system which emphasizes human values and the personal worth of each individual, as well as concern for the dignity and freedom of humankind
Humanities: fields of inquiry in human constructs and concerns as opposed to natural processes and social relations. these are traditionally the study of literature, philosophy, and religion
Humeral Fractures, Distal: fractures of the distal humerus at the elbow joint
Humeral Head: the upper rounded extremity of the humerus fitting into the glenoid cavity of the scapula
Humerus: bone in humans and primates extending from the shoulder joint to the elbow joint
Humic Substances: organic matter in a state of advanced decay, after passing through the stages of compost and peat and before becoming lignite (coal). it is composed of a heterogenous mixture of compounds including phenolic radicals and acids that polymerize and are not easily separated nor analyzed. (e.a. ghabbour & g. davies, eds. humic substances, 2001)
Humicola: rod vřeckovýtrusných hub čeledi chaetomiaceae, řádu sordariales a kmene ascomycota. tvoří laterální konidie a konidiofory jsou velmi málo vyvinuté nebo chybí
Humoral Hypercalcemia Of Malignancy: hypercalcemia that occurs in certain cancers, especially squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and is likely caused by the secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein (omim: 168470) by neoplasm metastases
Humoralism: an ancient greek medical theory that health and illness result from a balance or imbalance of body fluids or humors. the humors are blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile