NLK-NML/MeSH-CZ-2025-notes huggingface dataset:
3-n-propyl(3-methylpyridinium)silsesquioxane: a sorbent material
3-nitrobenzoylglycyl-polyethylene glycol: soluble support for peptide synthesis
3-oxo-5-alfa-steroid-4-dehydrogenasa: enzym, který katalyzuje redukci testosteronu na 5-alfa-dihydrotestosteron
3-oxoacylsynthasa: enzym syntézy mastných kyselin s dlouhým řetězcem, který přidává dvouuhlíkovou jednotku z malonyl-(proteinového acylového nosiče) k jiné molekule mastného acyl-(proteinového acylového nosiče), čímž vzniká beta-ketoacyl-(proteinový acylový nosič) za uvolnění oxidu uhličitého. ec 2.3.1.41
30-oxyethylated t-octyl phenol formaldehyde tetramer: reduces thromboatherosclerosis & cholesterol atherosclerosis
3C Viral Proteases: a class of cysteine proteases which play an essential role in virus replication. they cleave precursor viral polyproteins to produce functional proteins and enzymes. in addition, they cleave certain host cell proteins such as eukaryotic initiation factor-4g
3D tisk: způsob výroby, stavby nebo konstrukce fyzického objektu z trojrozměrného digitálního modelu složením z mnoha tenkých vrstev stavebního materiálu (pomocí 3d-tiskárny)
3M Multi-Cure: a resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement; used for bonding orthodontic brackets
3M protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of breast cancer
3T3 Cells: cell lines whose original growing procedure consisted being transferred (t) every 3 days and plated at 300,000 cells per plate (j cell biol 17:299-313, 1963). lines have been developed using several different strains of mice. tissues are usually fibroblasts derived from mouse embryos but other types and sources have been developed as well. the 3t3 lines are valuable in vitro host systems for oncogenic virus transformation studies, since 3t3 cells possess a high sensitivity to contact inhibition
3T3-L1 Cells: a continuous cell line that is a substrain of swiss 3t3 cells developed though clonal isolation. the mouse fibroblast cells undergo an adipose-like conversion as they move to a confluent and contact-inhibited state
4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid: an inhibitor of anion conductance including band 3-mediated anion transport
4,4-bisphosphono-2-(polyhydroxyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene(6)-61-carboxamido)butyric acid: targets bone tissue
4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: a dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. it exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. the drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia
4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone: inhibitor of phosphodiesterases
4-(poly(ethylene glycol)oxymethyl)benzenemethanol: used as a polymer support for oligosaccharide synthesis
4-1BB Ligand: a membrane bound member of the tnf superfamily that is expressed on activated b-lymphocytes; macrophages; and dendritic cells. the ligand is specific for the 4-1bb receptor and may play a role in inducing the proliferation of activated peripheral blood t-lymphocytes
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid: a non-penetrating amino reagent (commonly called sits) which acts as an inhibitor of anion transport in erythrocytes and other cells
4-Aminobenzoic Acid: an aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and glutamic acid to form folic acid. the fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the uvb range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in sunscreens
4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase: an enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (gamma-aminobutyric acid) into succinate semialdehyde, which can be converted to succinic acid and enter the citric acid cycle. it also acts on beta-alanine. ec 2.6.1.19
4-Aminopyridine: one of the potassium channel blockers with secondary effect on calcium currents which is used mainly as a research tool and to characterize channel subtypes
4-Butyrolactone: one of the furans with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. it is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. it is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent
4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan: a benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal n-nbd-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. it has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial atpase and bacterial atpase
4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate: a cytotoxic sulfhydryl reagent that inhibits several subcellular metabolic systems and is used as a tool in cellular physiology
4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide: a potent mutagen and carcinogen. it is a reduction product of 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. it binds with nucleic acids and inactivates both bacteria and bacteriophage
4-Hydroxybenzoate-3-Monooxygenase: a flavoprotein that catalyzes the synthesis of protocatechuic acid from 4-hydroxybenzoate in the presence of molecular oxygen. ec 1.14.13.2
4-Hydroxycoumarins: substances found in many plants, containing the 4-hydroxycoumarin radical. they interfere with vitamin k and the blood clotting mechanism, are tightly protein-bound, inhibit mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes, and are used as oral anticoagulants
4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase: an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate plus oxygen to homogentisic acid and carbon dioxide. ec 1.13.11.27
4-Nitrophenylphosphatase: an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nitrophenyl phosphates to nitrophenols. at acid ph it is probably acid phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.2); at alkaline ph it is probably alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1). ec 3.1.3.41
4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide: a potent mutagen and carcinogen. this compound and its metabolite 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide bind to nucleic acids. it inactivates bacteria but not bacteriophage
4-Quinolones: quinolones containing a 4-oxo (a carbonyl in the para position to the nitrogen). they inhibit the a subunit of dna gyrase and are used as antimicrobials. second generation 4-quinolones are also substituted with a 1-piperazinyl group at the 7-position and a fluorine at the 6-position
4-aminobutyráttransaminasa: enzym, který přeměňuje mozkovou gama-aminomáselnou kyselinu (gaba) na sukcinát semialdehyd, který se může přeměnit na kyselinu jantarovou a vstoupit do cyklu kyseliny citrónové. působí také na beta-alanin. ec 2.6.1.19
4-aminopyridin: blokuje napěťově ovládané draslíkové kanály na excitabilních nervových buňkách a upravuje porušený přenos signálu
4-fluorobenzoyl-polyethylene glycol-cyclo(arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-tyrosyl-lysyl): rgd is used by authors as an abbreviation for c(rgdyk); used for micropet imaging of brain tumor angiogenesis
4-glycidyloxy-N,N-diglycidylaniline homopolymer: used in graphite fiber reinforced epoxy laminate
4-hydroxyaminochinolin-1-oxid: silný mutagen a karcinogen. redukční produkt 4-nitrochinolin-1-oxidu. váže se na nukleové kyseliny a inaktivuje bakterie i bakteriofágy
4-hydroxybenzoát-3-monooxygenasa: flavoprotein, který katalyzuje syntézu protokatechové kyseliny z 4-hydroxybenzoátu v přítomnosti molekulárního kyslíku. ec 1.14.13.2
4-hydroxyfenylpyruvátdioxygenasa: enzym, který katalyzuje přeměnu 4-hydroxyfenylpyruvátu plus kyslíku na kyselinu homogentisovou a oxid uhličitý. ec 1.13.11.27
4-hydroxykumariny: látky nalezené v mnoha rostlinách, obsahující radikál 4-hydroxykumarin. interferují s vitaminem k a zasahují do mechanismu srážení krve, jsou pevně vázány na proteiny, inhibují mitochondriální a mikrozomální enzymy a používají se jako perorální antikoagulancia
4-monooxygenasa kyseliny skořicové: tento enzym, člen nadrodiny p450, katalyzuje první oxidační krok fenylpropanoidní dráhy ve vyšších rostlinách transformací trans-cinnamátu na p-kumarát
4-nitrofenylfosfatasa: enzym, který katalyzuje hydrolýzu nitrofenylfosfátů na nitrofenoly. při kyselém ph je to pravděpodobně kyselá fosfatasa (ec 3.1.3.2); při alkalickém ph je to pravděpodobně alkalická fosfatasa (ec 3.1.3.1). ec 3.1.3.41
4-polyethylene glycol-sulfonylurea-piretanide: interacts with na-cl-k cotransporter in the ascending limb of the loop of henle
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development: congenital conditions in individuals with a female karyotype, in which the development of the gonadal or anatomical sex is atypical
46, XX Testicular Disorders of Sex Development: congenital conditions in individuals in which male gonads develop in a genetic female (female to male sex reversal)
46, XY female: morphologically female gender resulting from gonadal dysgenesis, 46, xy
46,Xy Gonadal Dysgenesis, Partial, With Minifascicular Neuropathy: mutations in dhh
47, XYY syndrome: an extra copy of the y chromosome in each of a male's cells that arises through genetic non-disjunction in the embryo. affected males may be taller than average, but have no other unique physical features; sexual development and fertility are unaffected in most cases. 47,xyy syndrome is associated with an increased risk for learning disorders; developmental disabilities; hypotonia, and tics; these characteristics vary widely among affected boys and men. autism spectrum disorders are diagnosed in a minority of cases
5' Flanking Region: the region of dna which borders the 5' end of a transcription unit and where a variety of regulatory sequences are located
5' Untranslated Regions: the sequence at the 5' end of the messenger rna that does not code for product. this sequence contains the ribosome binding site and other transcription and translation regulating sequences
5' nepřekládaná oblast: 5' nepřekládaná oblast začíná na první nukleotidu mrna a končí posledním nukleotidem před počátkem translace. 5'utr často nese regulační oblasti transkripce a translace a u prokaryot většinou obsahuje vazebné místo pro ribozom, takzvanou shine-dalgarnovu sekvenci. (upraveno podle wikipedie 2021 http://www.cs.wikipedia.org/)
5' přiléhající oblast DNA: oblast dna na 5' konci transkripční jednotky, kde je umístěna řada regulačních sekvencí
5'-Nucleotidase: a glycoprotein enzyme present in various organs and in many cells. the enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of a 5'-ribonucleotide to a ribonucleoside and orthophosphate in the presence of water. it is cation-dependent and exists in a membrane-bound and soluble form. ec 3.1.3.5
5'-nukleotidasa: glykoproteinový enzym přítomný v různých orgánech a v mnoha buňkách. enzym katalyzuje hydrolýzu 5'-ribonukleotidu na ribonukleosid a ortofosfát v přítomnosti vody. je závislý na kationtech a existuje v membránově vázané a rozpustné formě. ec 3.1.3.5
5'-terminální oligopyrimidinová sekvence RNA: regulační sekvence, která se vyskytuje v 5' terminálních oblastech rna různých druhů. sekvence začíná cytidinem a pokračuje úsekem pěti až patnácti pyrimidinových nukleotidů. messenger rna obsahující 5' terminální oligopyrimidinový trakt se často označuje jako 5' top mrna. sekvence funguje jako regulátor translace a nalézá se v molekulách mrna pro elongační faktory a ribozomální proteiny
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (FADH2): an fad-dependent oxidoreductase found primarily in bacteria. it is specific for the reduction of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. this enzyme was formerly listed as ec 1.1.1.68 and 1.1.99.15
5,10-methylentetrahydrofolátreduktasa (FADH2): oxidoreduktáza závislá na fad, která se vyskytuje především u bakterií. je specifická pro redukci 5,10-methylentetrahydrofolátu na 5-methyltetrahydrofolát. tento enzym byl dříve zařazen jako ec 1.1.1.68 a 1.1.99.15
5,5'-bis(4-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methacryloyloxypropoxy)phenyl)hexahydro-4,7-methanoindan: a root canal sealant
5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine: tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. it is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research
5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine: tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. it is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacology as a tool
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: a 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. it inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins e(2) and f(2a)
5-Amino-3-((5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole: a nitrovinyl furan used as a schistosomicidal agent and proposed for trypanosomiasis, especially chagas disease
5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase: an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes condensation of the succinyl group from succinyl coenzyme a with glycine to form delta-aminolevulinate. it is a pyridoxyal phosphate protein and the reaction occurs in mitochondria as the first step of the heme biosynthetic pathway. the enzyme is a key regulatory enzyme in heme biosynthesis. in liver feedback is inhibited by heme. ec 2.3.1.37
5-FU-CDDP protocol: consisting of the above compounds; used in treatment of oral maxillofacil cell carcinomas
5-Hydroxytryptophan: the immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of serotonin from tryptophan. it is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant
5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein Inhibitors: compounds that bind to and inhibit the action of 5-lipoxygenase-activating proteins
5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins: scaffolding proteins that play an important role in the localization and activation of 5-lipoxygenase
5-Methoxypsoralen: a linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to methoxsalen. it is used in puva therapy for the treatment of psoriasis
5-Methoxytryptamine: serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives
5-Methylcytosine: a methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic dna. in animals, the dna methylation of cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine is found primarily in the palindromic sequence cpg. in plants, the methylated sequence is cpnpgp, where n can be any base
5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase: an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of methionine by transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine. it requires a cobamide coenzyme. the enzyme can act on mono- or triglutamate derivatives. ec 2.1.1.13
5-O-methylembelin: extracted from mangrove aegiceras corniculatum; piscicide; see embelin
5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors: drugs that inhibit 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase. they are commonly used to reduce the production of dihydrotestosterone
5-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone: a biologically active 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma progesterone. it is the immediate precursor of 5-alpha-pregnan-3-alpha-ol-20-one (allopregnanolone), a neuroactive steroid that binds with gaba(a) receptor
5-amino-3-((5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol: nitrovinylfuran používaný jako schistosomicidní látka a navržený jako lék pro trypanosomiázu, zejména chagasovu chorobu
5-aminolevulátsynthetasa: enzym ze třídy transferáz, který katalyzuje kondenzaci sukcinylové skupiny ze sukcinylkoenzymu a s glycinem za vzniku delta-aminolevulinátu. jedná se o pyridoxalfosfátový protein a reakce probíhá v mitochondriích jako první krok biosyntetické dráhy hemu. tento enzym je klíčovým regulačním enzymem v biosyntéze hemu. v játrech je zpětná vazba inhibována hemem. ec 2.3.1.37
5-enolpyruvylšikimát-3-fosfát syntáza: enzym šikimátové dráhy biosyntézy aromatických aminokyselin, který z fosfoenolpyruvyvátu a šikimát-3-fosfátu vytváří 5-enolpyruvylšikimát-3-fosfát a ortofosfát. šikimátová dráha je přítomna u bakterií a rostlin, ale ne u savců
5-hydroxy-6-(4-(5'-methylpyrimidine-2'-one)dihydrothymine): 6-4 photoproduct in dna fragment
5-methoxytryptamin: derivát serotoninu navržený jako potenciátor hypnotik a sedativ
5-methyltetrahydrofoláthomocystein-S-methyltransferasa: enzym, který katalyzuje tvorbu methioninu přenosem methylové skupiny z 5-methyltetrahydrofolátu na homocystein. vyžaduje kobamidový koenzym. enzym může působit na mono- nebo triglutamátové deriváty. ec 2.1.1.13
5-monooxygenasa kafru: rozpustný enzym cytochromu p-450, který katalyzuje monooxygenaci kafru v přítomnosti putidaredoxinu, putidaredoxinreduktázy a molekulárního kyslíku. tento enzym, kódovaný genem camc, také známý jako cyp101, byl vykrystalizován z bakterií a jeho struktura je dobře definovaná. tento enzym za anaerobních podmínek redukuje polyhalogenované sloučeniny navázané na vazebné místo kafru
5alfa-dihydroprogesteron: biologicky aktivní, 5-alfa-redukovaný metabolit plazmatického progesteronu. je to bezprostřední prekurzor 5-alfa-pregnan-3-alfa-ol-20-onu (allopregnanolonu), neuroaktivního steroidu, který se váže na receptor gaba(a)
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: a potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-nmda iontropic receptors. it is used primarily as a research tool
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: the physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of epoprostenol. found in nearly all mammalian tissue
6-Phytase: an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate and water to 1l-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5-pentakisphosphate and orthophosphate. ec 3.1.3.26
6-aminonikotinamid: antagonista vitamínů, který má teratogenní účinky
6-fytasa: enzym, který katalyzuje přeměnu myo-inositol hexakisfosfátu a vody na 1l-myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5 pentakisfosfát a orthofosfát. ec 3.1.3.26
6-kyano-7-nitrochinoxalin-2,3-dion: silný antagonista excitačních aminokyselin s preferencí pro non-nmda ionotropní receptory. používá se především jako výzkumný prostředek
6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency: prom mutation in 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase
7+3 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds (only 4 compounds named in russian article - 12/92)
7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide: 7,8,8a,9a-tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. a benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity
7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase: a drug-metabolizing enzyme found in the hepatic, placental and intestinal microsomes that metabolizes 7-alkoxycoumarin to 7-hydroxycoumarin. the enzyme is cytochrome p-450- dependent
7-MBADE-N(2)-deoxyguanosine: 7-mbade - (trans-3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-anti-1,2-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-methylbenz(a)anthracene)
7-MBADE-N(6)-deoxyadenosine: 7-mbade - (trans-3,4-dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-anti-1,2-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-methylbenz(a)anthracene)
7-alkoxykumarin-O-dealkylasa: enzym metabolizující léčiva, který se nachází v jaterních, placentárních a střevních mikrozomech a který metabolizuje 7-alkoxykumarin na 7-hydroxykumarin. enzym je závislý na cytochromu p-450
8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid: a 20-carbon-chain fatty acid, unsaturated at positions 8, 11, and 14. it differs from arachidonic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, only at position 5
8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: a long-acting derivative of cyclic amp. it is an activator of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic amp phosphodiesterase
8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which c-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin: a serotonin 1a-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosin: oxidovaná forma deoxyguanosinu s karbonylovou skupinou na guaninové bázi v poloze c-8
8-methoxypsoralen-DNA: found in sv 40-transformed human keratinocytes
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen
99mTc-technecistan sodný: kontrastní látka, která díky doprovodnému záření gama umožňuje scintigrafické vyšetření, zejména gastrointestinálního systému, kardiovaskulárního a mozkového oběhu, mozku, štítné žlázy a kloubů
A 2186: used for fabrication of facial prostheses; polydimethyl siloxane cpd
A Kinase Anchor Proteins: a structurally-diverse family of intracellular-signaling adaptor proteins that selectively tether specific protein kinase a subtypes to distinct subcellular sites. they play a role in focusing the protein kinase a activity toward relevant substrates. over fifty members of this family exist, most of which bind specifically to regulatory subunits of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase type ii such as camp protein kinase riialpha or camp protein kinase riibeta
A-DNA: izoforma dna, která se vyskytuje v prostředí bohatém na ionty sodíku a draslíku. je to pravotočivá šroubovice s 11 páry bází na závit. vzestup vůči ose na jeden pár je 0.256 nm a průměr šroubovice je 2.3 nm
A-TRIPLE-V protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used for treatment of leukemia
A-VBM-FH6 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of postcricoid carcinoma
A5-B3 glycinin, soybean: cross-reacts with caseins from cow's milk; amino acid
A549 Cells: an immortalized cell line derived from human adenocarcinoma, alveolar basal epithelial cells isolated from the lungs of a male patient in 1972. the cell line is positive for keratin, can synthesize lecithin, and contains high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids in its plasma membrane. it is used as a model for pulmonary alveoli function and virus infections, as a transfection host, and for preclinical drug evaluation
AA amyloidosis: amyloidosis characterized by extracellular deposition of fibrils of serum amyloid a protein
AA1-3 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds with varying doses; used in the treatment of leukemia
AAA Domain: an approximately 250 amino acid domain common to aaa atpases and aaa proteins. it consists of a highly conserved n-terminal p-loop atpase subdomain with an alpha-beta-alpha conformation, and a less-conserved c-terminal subdomain with an all alpha conformation. the n-terminal subdomain includes walker a and walker b motifs which function in atp binding and hydrolysis
AAA Proteins: a large, highly conserved and functionally diverse superfamily of ntpases and nucleotide-binding proteins that are characterized by a conserved 200 to 250 amino acid nucleotide-binding and catalytic domain, the aaa+ module. they assemble into hexameric ring complexes that function in the energy-dependent remodeling of macromolecules. members include atpases associated with diverse cellular activities
AAA doména: doména tvořená asi dvěma sty padesáti aminokyselinami, která je společná pro aaa atpázy a aaa proteiny. sestává z vysoce konzervované n-koncové subdomény atpáz s p-smyčkou s uspořádáním alfa-beta-alfa a z méně konzervované c-koncové subdomény s konformací alfa. n-koncová subdoména obsahuje motivy walker a a walker b zapojené ve vazbě a hydrolýze atp
AAA proteiny: velká, vysoce konzervovaná a funkčně rozmanitá nadrodina ntpáz a proteinů vázajících nukleotidy, která se vyznačuje konzervovanou aminokyselinovou doménou (200 až 250 aminokyselin) vázající nukleotidy a katalytickou doménou, modulem aaa+. sdružují se do hexamerních kruhových komplexů, které mají účast na remodelaci makromolekul závislé na energii. mezi členy patří atpázy spojené s různými buněčnými aktivitami
AAAP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of acnu, doxorubicin, methotrexate & prednisolone
AADA4 protein, E coli: confers streptomycin-spectinomycin resistance; isolated from e. coli; amino acid ; genbank z50802
AADA7 protein, E coli: a streptomycin and spectinomycin resistance gene product; isolated from e. coli; amino acid ; genbank af224733
AAV5-miHTT: an adeno-associated virus serotype 5-based vector expressing an engineered htt-targeting microrna (mihtt)
AB-triple V protocol: chemotherapy protocol used in treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia; consists of aclarubicin, behenoyl ara-c, etoposide, vincristine, & vinblastine or vindesine; use mh vindesine also when needed
ABC transportér, podrodina B, člen 4: atp-vázající kazeta, protein podrodiny b, který se podílí na přenosu fosfatidylcholinů z vnitřního do vnějšího listu kanálkové membrány hepatocitů
ABC transportéry: rodina membránových transportních proteinů, které vyžadují hydrolýzu atp pro transport různých látek přes membrány. patří mezi buněčné pumpy. rodina proteinů odvozuje svůj název od domény vázající atp, která se nachází na proteinu
ABCDV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of chemorefractory acute lymphocytic leukemia
ABCM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of mrc myelomatosis
ABDIC protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in therapy of mopp-resistant hodgkin's disease
ABEP protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of aclarubicin, behenoyl ara-c, etoposide, & prednisolone; used in treatment of non-hodgkin's lymphoma
ABEP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used for treatment of hodgkin's disease
ABF Bond: consists of mdp, hema, and 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (mdpb), and water
ABO Blood-Group System: the major human blood type system which depends on the presence or absence of two antigens a and b. type o occurs when neither a nor b is present and ab when both are present. a and b are genetic factors that determine the presence of enzymes for the synthesis of certain glycoproteins mainly in the red cell membrane
ABO systém krevních skupin: hlavní systém lidských krevních skupin, který závisí na přítomnosti nebo nepřítomnosti dvou antigenů a a b. typ o nastává, když není přítomen ani a ani b a typ ab, když jsou přítomny oba. a a b jsou genetické faktory, které určují přítomnost enzymů pro syntézu určitých glykoproteinů, hlavně v membráně červených krvinek
ABOD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of advanced hodgkin's disease
ABV-ADV protocol: chemotherapy protocol of above 6 cpds; used in treating kaposi's sarcoma in patients with aids
ABVD protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of hodgkin's disease
ABVDP protocol: a chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of infradiaphragmatic hodgkin's disease
ABVG protocol: gemcitabine added to doxorubicin, bleomycin, and vinblastine for treatment of de novo hodgkin's disease
AC protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of breast & ovarian neoplasms
AC133 Antigen: a member of the prominin family, ac133 antigen is a 5-transmembrane antigen occurring as several isoforms produced by alternative splicing which are processed into mature forms. in humans, it is expressed as a subset of cd34 (bright) human hematopoietic stem cells and cd34 positive leukemias. functionally, it is associated with roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. specifically, it regulates the organization of apical plasma membrane in epithelial cells, disk morphogenesis during early retinal development, mapk and akt signaling pathways, and in cholesterol metabolism
ACE protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of lung, ovarian & breast cancer
ACE protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
ACFT protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of breast cancer
ACMP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia
ACOB regimen: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of lymphoma
ACOP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of nonlymphoblastic lymphoma
ACOPA II protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of lymphoma in dogs
ACP-S-acetyltransferasa: enzym, který katalyzuje přenos acetylových skupin z acetyl-coa na proteinový acylový nosič za vzniku koenzymu a a proteinového acetyl-acylového nosiče
ACP-S-malonyltransferasa: tento enzym katalyzuje transacylaci malonátu z malonyl-coa na aktivovaný holo-acp za vzniku malonyl-(acyl-nosiče), který je elongačním substrátem v biosyntéze mastných kyselin. je to základní enzym v biosyntéze mastných kyselin u všech bakterií
ACT regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of positive-node breast cancer
ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic: symptom complex due to acth production by non-pituitary neoplasms
ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma: a pituitary adenoma which secretes adrenocorticotropin, leading to cushing disease
ACV protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer
ACVB protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of lymphomas
ADA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ADAM Proteins: a family of membrane-anchored glycoproteins that contain a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain. they are responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many transmembrane proteins and the release of their extracellular domain
ADAM10 Protein: a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein. it cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha between alanine 76 and valine 77 to its functional form, as well as several other cell surface proteins to their soluble forms, including amyloid beta-protein precursor and prion protein
ADAM12 Protein: a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein that is expressed as two alternatively-spliced forms: a long transmembrane form (adam12-l) and a short soluble form (adam12-s). it modulates the cleavage of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and may also regulate cell fusion during myogenesis
ADAM17 Protein: a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein that cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha to its mature form. it cleaves several other cell surface proteins, including interleukin-1 receptor type ii; transforming growth factor alpha; l-selectin; mucin-1; and amyloid beta-protein precursor. it can also function as an activator of the notch signaling pathway by mediating the cleavage of notch receptors
ADAMTS Proteins: a subfamily of adam proteases that are distinguished by the presence of one or more thrombospondin type-1 repeats (tsrs). these are three-strand motifs that contain characteristic tryptophan, arginine, and cysteine residues respectively. in contrast to adam proteins, which reside on cell membranes, adamts proteases are secreted and function in the extracellular matrix
ADAMTS1 Protein: an adamts protease that contains two disintegrin loops and three c-terminal thrombospondin (ts) motifs. it functions as an angiogenesis inhibitor as well as in normal tissue growth and fertility
ADAMTS13 Protein: an adamts protease that contains eight thrombospondin (ts) motifs. it cleaves von willebrand factor to control vwf-mediated thrombosis. mutations in the adamts13 gene have been identified in familial cases of purpura, thrombotic thrombocytopenic and defects in adamts13 activity are associated with myocardial infarction; brain ischemia; pre-eclampsia; and malaria
ADAMTS4 Protein: an adamts protease similar to adamts5 protein. it contains a single c-terminal thrombospondin (ts) motif and cleaves aggrecan in cartilage. it may also be involved in the destruction of aggrecan in arthritis
ADAMTS5 Protein: an adamts protease that contains two c-terminal thrombospondin (ts) motifs. it functions primarily as an aggrecanase, cleaving aggrecan in cartilage, and may be involved in the destruction of aggrecan in arthritis
ADAMTS7 Protein: an adamts protease that contains four central and four c-terminal thrombospondin (ts) motifs. it binds to and degrades cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
ADAMTS9 Protein: an adamts protease that contains 15 thrombospondin (ts) motifs. it cleaves the proteoglycans aggrecan and versican and also functions in protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi apparatus
ADCON-T-N: a carbohydrate polymer gel - adcon-t/n; may be useful in preventing nerve scarring after surgical intervention as well as in facilitating second operation when necessary
ADOAP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of leukemia
ADOC protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in therapy of thymoma & lung cancer
ADP Ribose Transferases: enzymes that transfer the adp-ribose group of nad or nadp to proteins or other small molecules. transfer of adp-ribose to water (i.e., hydrolysis) is catalyzed by the nadases. the mono(adp-ribose)transferases transfer a single adp-ribose. poly(adp-ribose) polymerases transfer multiple units of adp-ribose to protein targets, building poly adenosine diphosphate ribose in linear or branched chains
ADP-Ribose 1''-Phosphate Phosphatases: enzymes that are highly specific for hydrolysis of the d-ribose 1 phosphate bond of adp-d-ribose 1''-phosphate to produce adp-d-ribose and phosphate ion
ADP-Ribosylation: post-translational modification of proteins with adenosine diphosphate ribose
ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1: adp-ribosylation factor 1 is involved in regulating intracellular transport by modulating the interaction of coat proteins with organelle membranes in the early secretory pathway. it is a component of coat protein complex i. this enzyme was formerly listed as ec 3.6.1.47
ADP-Ribosylation Factor 6: a member of gtp-binding protein of the large ras superfamily involved in regulation of membrane trafficking by modulating endocytosis and actin cytoskeleton remodeling
ADP-Ribosylation Factors: monomeric gtp-binding proteins that were initially recognized as allosteric activators of the mono(adp-ribose) transferase of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. they are involved in vesicle trafficking and activation of phospholipase d. this enzyme was formerly listed as ec 3.6.1.47
ADP-ribosatransferasy: enzymy, které přenášejí skupinu adp-ribózy z nad nebo nadp na proteiny nebo jiné malé molekuly. přenos adp-ribózy na vodu (tj. hydrolýzu) katalyzují nadázy. mono(adp-ribóza)transferázy přenášejí jednu adp-ribózu. poly(adp-ribóza)polymerázy přenášejí více jednotek adp-ribózy na proteinové cíle a vytvářejí polyadenosindifosfátribózu v lineárních nebo rozvětvených řetězcích
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase: a membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic adp-ribose (cadpr) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad). this enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cadpr to adp-ribose, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic adp-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-p-cadpr) from nadp
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1: a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic adp-ribose (cadpr) from nad+ to adp-ribose. it is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on lymphoid cells and myeloid cells
ADP-ribosylace: posttranslační modifikace proteinů pomocí navázáním adp-ribózy na protein
ADP-ribosylační faktor 1: adp-ribosylační faktor 1 moduluje během časné fáze sekreční dráhy interakci obalových proteinů s membránami organel, a tím se podílí na regulaci intracelulárního transportu. je součástí obalového proteinového komplexu i. tento enzym byl dříve uváděn jako ec 3.6.1.47
ADP-ribosylační faktor 6: gtp-vazebný protein z velké nadrodiny ras. prostřednictvím modulace endocytózy a remodelace aktinového cytoskeletu se účastní regulace membránového transportu
ADP-ribosylační faktory: monomerní g-proteiny, které byly původně rozpoznány jako alosterické aktivátory mono-adp-ribozyltransferázy katalytické podjednotky cholerového toxinu. podílejí se na přenosu vezikul a aktivaci fosfolipázy d. tento enzym byl dříve uváděn jako ec 3.6.1.47
ADP-ribosylcyklasa: membránový nebo cytosolový enzym, který katalyzuje syntézu cyklické adp-ribózy (cadpr) z nikotinamidadenindinukleotidu (nad). tento enzym obecně také katalyzuje hydrolýzu cadpr na adp-ribózu a někdy i syntézu cyklického adp-ribóza-2'-fosfátu (2'-p-cadpr) z nadp
AEP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AFC regimen: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of bladder neoplasms
AGAMOUS Protein, Arabidopsis: a plant homeotic protein involved in the development of stamens and carpels of arabidopsis thaliana. it is a dna-binding protein that contains the mads-box domain. it is one of the four founder proteins that structurally define the superfamily of mads domain proteins
AH 111585: an rgd-based integrin peptide-polymer conjugate for imaging breast cancer
AICAR-transformylasa: enzym, který v dráze syntézy purinů de novo katalyzuje přeměnu aminoimidazol-4-karboxamidového ribonukleotidu na 5-formyl-aminoimidazol-4-karboxamidový ribonukleotid. jako formylový donor vyžaduje kofaktor n(10)-formyltetrahydrofolát
AICDA (Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase): a cytidine deaminase required for several crucial steps of b cell terminal differentiation
AICDA (aktivací indukovaná cytidindeamináza): cytidindeamináza, která je zapotřebí k terminální diferenciaci b-lymfocytů
AIDA protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin; used against acute promyelocytic leukemia
AIDS: získaná porucha buněčné imunity spojená s infekcí virem lidské imunodeficience (hiv), který napadá buňky nezbytné ke správné imunitní odpovědi (některé bílé krvinky - cd4 lymfocyty, makrofágy), ale i buňky v nervovém systému aj. přenáší se zejm. pohlavním stykem, krví (transfuze, injekční stříkačky u narkomanů) a též z matky na plod. vývoj hiv infekce se dělí do 3 různých stadií zejm. podle klinického průběhu a laboratorních hodnot. laboratorně se sleduje zejm. počet cd4 lymfocytů (3 kategorie podle počtu nad 500, 200-500 a pod 200 buněk v mikrolitru), dále tzv. virová nálož, p24 antigenemie, beta2-mikroglobulin, neopterin. i během bezpříznakové doby je člověk infekční. onemocnění zatím nelze vyléčit. (cit. velký lékařský slovník online, 2015 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz)
AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System: inflammation of arteries in the central nervous system that occurs in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or aids-related opportunistic infections
AIDS Dementia Complex: a neurologic condition associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and characterized by impaired concentration and memory, slowness of hand movements, ataxia, incontinence, apathy, and gait difficulties associated with hiv-1 viral infection of the central nervous system. pathologic examination of the brain reveals white matter rarefaction, perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes, foamy macrophages, and multinucleated giant cells. (from adams et al., principles of neurology, 6th ed, pp760-1; n engl j med, 1995 apr 6;332(14):934-40)
AIDS Serodiagnosis: immunologic tests for identification of hiv (htlv-iii/lav) antibodies. they include assays for hiv seropositivity and hiv seronegativity that have been developed for screening persons carrying the viral antibody from patients with overt symptoms of aids or aids-related complex
AIDS Vaccines: vaccines or candidate vaccines containing inactivated hiv or some of its component antigens and designed to prevent or treat aids. some vaccines containing antigens are recombinantly produced
AIDS dementia complex: neurologický stav spojený s aids (syndrom získané imunodeficience), pro který jsou charakteristické porucha soustředění, paměti, změny osobnosti, zpomalené pohyby rukou, ataxie, inkontinence, apatie, potíže s chůzí. tyto změny jsou podmíněné přímým působením viru hiv v centrální nervové soustavě. cns však při aids může být postižen dalšími infekcemi např. cmv, kryptokokózou, toxoplasmózou, cml
AIDS myší: získaná porucha buněčné imunity, která se vyskytuje u myší infikovaných viry myší leukémie (mulv). tento syndrom se projevuje nápadnou podobností s aids u člověka a je charakteristický lymfadenopatií, hlubokou imunosupresí, zvýšenou náchylností k oportunním infekcím a b-buněčnými lymfomy
AIDS opičí: získaná porucha buněčné imunity, která se přirozeně vyskytuje u makaků nakažených sérotypy viru srv (opičí retrovirus). experimentálně se pak vyskytuje u opic naočkovaných virem srv, mason-pfizerovým opičím virem (mpmv) nebo u opic infikovaných virem opičí imunodeficience (siv)
AIDS-Associated Nephropathy: renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. the syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in hiv-infected patients
AIDS-Related Complex: a prodromal phase of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). laboratory criteria separating aids-related complex (arc) from aids include elevated or hyperactive b-cell humoral immune responses, compared to depressed or normal antibody reactivity in aids; follicular or mixed hyperplasia in arc lymph nodes, leading to lymphocyte degeneration and depletion more typical of aids; evolving succession of histopathological lesions such as localization of kaposi's sarcoma, signaling the transition to the full-blown aids
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections: opportunistic infections found in patients who test positive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the most common include pneumocystis pneumonia, kaposi's sarcoma, cryptosporidiosis, herpes simplex, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and infections with mycobacterium avium complex, microsporidium, and cytomegalovirus
AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma: kaposi sarcoma that is caused by human herpesvirus 8 infections in persons infected with hiv
AIEOP 8703 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for the treatment of t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AIEOP acute lymphoblastic leukemia protocol: italian cooperative protocal (aieop) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all); aieop 8801, 8802 & 8803 protocols use the same drugs (given above) in the induction and consolidation phases of the treatment
AIEOP protocol 8202: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) in children with cystic fibrosis
AIRE Protein: a transcriptional regulator primarily expressed in medullary thymic epithelial cells. it plays an important role in immunity by regulating the expression of a wide array of self-antigens and negative selection of autoreactive t-cells in the thymus. deficiency in this protein induces a rare autosomal-recessive disease called autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy
AKR murine leukemia virus: a strain of murine leukemia virus (leukemia virus, murine) isolated from spontaneous leukemia in akr strain mice
AL851 protocol: a chemotherapy protocol with induction therapy consisting of the above compounds; used in the treatment of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
ALDH3-1 protein, soybean: highly expressed in seed endothelium, epidermis, outer integument, and hilum
ALHR88 protocol: a chemotherapy protocol with induction therapy consisting of daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone, asparaginase; arac is given to patients greater than or equal 25% blasts in the bone marrow; consolidation therapy is done with intermediate-dose methotrexate
ALL-1 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds; used in treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALL-80 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of 6-methylmercaptopurine, methotrexate, doxorubicin, and ctx for the treatment of acute lymphoid leukemia
ALL-82 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of methotrexate, vm-26, doxorubicin, cytarabine, 6-methylmercaptopurine, and ctx for the treatment of acute lymphoid leukemia
ALL-85 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds (where 6-mercaptopurine/aa refers to 6-methylmercaptopurine) for the treatment of acute lymphoid leukemia; the high risk version includes etoposide
ALL-BFM-95 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALL-VI protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALOE85: fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene(12-14) with 8.5 oe mol
AM0010: a pegylated form of recombinant human interleukin-10
AMALCODEN: tradename; a phase-transition cement; an amalgam bonding agent
AMF protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of the above cpds; used in treatment of gastric carcinoma & breast cancer
AML8A protocol: chemotherapy regimen consisting of above cpds and bone marrow transplant; used in the therapy of myeloblastic acute leukemia
AML91 protocol: contains 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine, daunomycin, ara-c & etoposide; for treatment of childhood acute myeloid leukemia
AML92 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of enocitabine, all-trans retinoic acid, and daunorubicin; used against acute promyelocytic leukemia
AMP Deaminase: an enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of amp to imp. ec 3.5.4.6
AMP cyklický: adeninový nukleotid obsahující jednu fosfátovou skupinu, která je vázaná na molekuly kyslíku v polohách 3' a 5' cukerné části. je to druhý posel a klíčový intracelulární regulátor, fungující jako mediátor aktivity řady hormonů, včetně adrenalinu, glukagonu a acth
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases: protein serine-threonine kinases that phosphorylate the 63-kda subunit of amp-activated protein kinases. this action results in reactivation of amp-activated protein kinase activity and downstream signaling aimed at decreased metabolism
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases: intracellular signaling protein kinases that play a signaling role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism. their activity largely depends upon the concentration of cellular amp which is increased under conditions of low energy or metabolic stress. amp-activated protein kinases modify enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, which in turn provide substrates needed to convert amp into atp
AMP-deaminasa: enzym, který katalyzuje deaminaci amp na imp. ec 3.5.4.6
AN-69: copolymer of acrylonitrile & sodium methallylsulfonate used in hemodialysis
ANAVACYM protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above 4 cpds; lomac protocol - with leucovorin rescue
ANCA-asociované vaskulitidy: skupina systémových vaskulitid, které výrazně souvisejí s protilátkami anca. poruchy jsou charakterizované nekrotizujícím zánětem malých a středně velkých cév s malým nebo žádným výskytem depozit imunokomplexů v jejich stěnách
ANLL91 protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds for the treatment of infant acute myeloid leukemia
ANP1 kinase: related to mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases; isolated from arabidopsis; amino acid ; genbank ab000796 (anp1l) and ab000797 (anp1s); do not confuse with anp1 protein which is involved in the organization of the secretory pathway in saccharomyces cerevisiae
AOAP protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of cytarabine, prednisone, vincristine and ailin-1; used in therapy of acute non-lymphatic leukemia
AOPE protocol: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in the treatment of hodgkin's disease
AP protocol 1: chemotherapy protocol of above compounds; used in the treatment of pleural neoplasm & childhood hepatoblastoma
AP protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of multiple myeloma
APACHE: an acronym for acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, a scoring system using routinely collected data and providing an accurate, objective description for a broad range of intensive care unit admissions, measuring severity of illness in critically ill patients
APACHE: apache skóre (česky zkratka pro hodnotící systém akutně změněného a chronického zdravotního stavu) je založeno na komplexním hodnocení fyziologických ukazatelů, věku a chronických chorob. hodnocení se provádí po uplynutí 24 hodin. metoda předpokládá, že na vážnost onemocnění se dá usuzovat podle toho, jak moc se kvantitativně odchyluje daný pacientův stav od normálního. (uprav. podle křivohlavý, jaro: psychologie nemoci, grada 2002, s. 165)
APEL protocol: combination chemotherapy consisting of vindesine, cisplatin, doxorubicin; used in treatment of soft tissue sarcoma
APO combination: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above cpds for treating advanced-stage large-cell lymphoma; has been called apo regimen, but do not confuse with scr of same name
APO protocol 2: chemotherapy protocol consisting of above compounds; used in treatment of small cell lung neoplasms