As a postdoctoral researcher in materials chemistry at Stanford University's Department of Chemical Engineering, I need to prepare a comprehensive review paper on high-entropy materials (HEMs) for electrocatalysis to support a grant application focused on sustainable energy conversion technologies. The review must systematically cover these dimensions: (1) Structural Design and Synthesis Strategies: What novel synthesis methods have emerged for HEMs in 2023-2025? How do these methods facilitate entropy-driven stabilization of multi-element solid solutions, suppress phase segregation in complex compositions, and enable precise control over nanostructure morphology to promote multi-site active centers for enhanced electrocatalytic performance? Draw a timeline chart of key synthesis milestones, marking representative HEM compositions, associated synthesis techniques, and reported electrocatalytic improvements. (2) Electrocatalytic Mechanisms and Performance: How do cocktail effects and lattice distortions in HEMs optimize binding energies for reactions like HER, OER, and ORR, per DFT simulations and experimental data from 2024-2025 studies? What evidence shows superior activity over binary catalysts, and what data conflicts arise in stability assessments under acidic/alkaline conditions? Plot a radar chart comparing key metrics across 3-5 benchmark HEMs. (3) Applications in Energy Conversion: In which specific energy conversion devices or systems have HEMs shown notable breakthroughs or promising performance enhancements based on studies published from 2023 to 2025? How do targeted composition tuning and defect engineering contribute to improved scalability, cost reduction, and integration potential in practical device architectures? (4) Challenges and Future Directions: What limitations, like cost or phase segregation, persist in HEM commercialization, and how do ML-guided designs address them? Propose 2-3 research priorities, supported by multi-source evidence.

评估清单 / Evaluation checklist:
Structural Design and Synthesis Strategies Documentation: Does the report document novel synthesis methods for HEMs in 2023-2025?
Does it include a timeline chart of key synthesis milestones, marking representative HEM compositions, associated synthesis techniques, and reported electrocatalytic improvements?
Electrocatalytic Mechanisms and Performance Analysis: Does the report analyze how cocktail effects and lattice distortions in HEMs optimize binding energies for reactions like HER, OER, and ORR based on DFT simulations and experimental data from 2024-2025 studies?
Does it include a radar chart comparing key metrics across 3-5 benchmark HEMs?
Applications in Energy Conversion Evaluation: Does the report evaluate specific energy conversion devices or systems where HEMs have shown notable breakthroughs or promising performance enhancements based on studies published from 2023 to 2025?
Does it analyze how targeted composition tuning and defect engineering contribute to improved scalability, cost reduction, and integration potential in practical device architectures?
Challenges and Future Directions Proposal: Does the report identify limitations like cost or phase segregation that persist in HEM commercialization?
Does it propose 2-3 research priorities supported by multi-source evidence?