NIHRDataInsights/HRCSData huggingface dataset:
Title: Public & Stakeholder Engagement, Knowledge Exchange & Implementation
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Aim: To introduce and support a robust system for Stakeholder engagement throughout the NWC CLAHRC, integrate knowledge exchange through all areas of our work, develop and deliver effective implementation with inbuilt evaluation and support new projects initiated by our stakeholders.


Research activity codes: 8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES);7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT);3.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (PREVENTION)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Improving Public Health and Reducing Health Inequalities
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Aims: (1) to embed evidence-based local policies/practices to reduce health inequalities by addressing the social determinants of health. (2) to ensure that all activities undertaken by NWC_CLAHRC contribute to reducing inequalities in access to, and outcomes of, health care.


Research activity codes: 7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Evidence synthesis: systematic reviews and meta-analysis
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The overall aim of the Evidence theme is to ensure that the highest quality evidence is incorporated and integrated into the research and implementation activities undertaken by the CLAHRCwest. ‘Evidence’ in this context includes a range of methods useful for applied health research, including rapid reviews, systematic reviews, synthesis of quantitative data (including meta-analysis and multi-parameter evidence synthesis), and synthesis of qualitative research (meta-ethnography, which will be undertaken primarily within the Ethnography theme). The context and focus of the research will be driven by the research requirements of the Health Integration Teams (HITs).


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES;6.9 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (TREATMENT EVALUATION)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Epidemiology
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The overall aim of the Epidemiology theme is to ensure that the highest quality epidemiological research techniques are integrated into the research and implementation activities undertaken by the CLAHRCwest. “Epidemiology” research is defined here in the widest sense to include any applied health research using epidemiological techniques. A strong focus will be on the use and promotion of novel methods for determining causality in situations where randomised trials are not feasible, and on methods for determining lifecourse influences on health. The Epidemiology theme will provide expertise in standard and advanced techniques that can be utilised in applied health research projects, and support for colleagues who wish to employ these methods in their research and implementation projects.


Research activity codes: 2.6 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (AETIOLOGY)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Improving the management of chronic diseases
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The key aim for the CLAHRC West chronic disease theme will be to integrate research and implementation activities in order to ensure that the quality of health care for people with chronic diseases in the CLAHRC West area is as good as the best anywhere. The term ‘chronic disease’ is defined here to include any illness or pathology that affects an individual over a prolonged period of time. We will focus on key aspects of chronic diseases established by the Health Integration Teams (HITs) approved by Bristol HP.


Research activity codes: 8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Delivering high quality fundamental care in hospital
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The work in this theme aims to improve the quality of fundamental care delivered by nurses and care assistants to adult patients in general wards of acute hospitals. By ‘fundamental’ care we refer to those elements of care designed to meet basic physical needs (eating, drinking, hygiene and mobility), maintain dignity and establish positive relationships and maintain patient safety (including avoiding harm and identifying deterioration). We will focus on three specific areas: safety, relationships and nutrition/hydration.


Research activity codes: 7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Health Behaviours, Diet and Obesity
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The Theme will study change in weight on starting anti-psychotic medication; whether weight gain is associated with non-adherence to medication; change in weight on ceasing anti-psychotic medication; incidence of weight-related conditions in relation to both current weight and change in weight.


Research activity codes: 2.6 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (AETIOLOGY)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Climate Resilience.
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Climate change is likely to have wide-ranging effects on human health, as described in recent key reports from HPA/Department of Health (2012), and the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCRA). Since the 1960s, the UK has experienced warming trend, with greater warming in summer than in winter [Met Office]. Climate change is likely to affect seasonal weather patterns, and also the frequency and intensity of temperature extremes (both heat and cold). For a medium-high emissions scenario, the UK is projected to experience temperature increases of up to around 3°C in the south and 2.5°C further north by the end o f the Century. The UK is also likely to experience increased flood risk from climate change, sea level rise and development. Recent extreme weather (e.g. 2007 floods, 2013 heat wave, cold winter of 2011/12) underscored the need for the development of health protection measures, i.e. the Heat and Cold Weather Plans for England produced by PHE and the Department of Health. There is an important need to improve the evidence base regarding interventions of extreme weather events (Kovats and Bickler, 2012). Systematic reviews should be used to improve decision making in public health. It is important that environmental interventions are well supported by good evidence for both health and non-health outcomes. Theme 1 in the HPRU will support PHE in the assessment of the health effects of current and future climate and extreme weather events, and the further development and evaluation of public health responses (which underpin climate change resilience and adaptation) to reduce the burden of disease from extreme weather events and climate variability. Adaptation may occur at national, local and individual levels (Adger 2012; 2011) and the assessment of adaptation options needs to be supported by a strong evidence base. The long term objectives of this theme will be to address the evidence needs of the NAP (National Adaptation Programme Chapter 4 on Healthy and Resilient Communities) and to support PHE activities on implementing adaptation. The HPRU will provide research to ensure that climate resilience is included in public health policy (e.g. Joint Strategic Needs Assessments, Public Health Outcomes Framework), through appropriate mechanisms of evidence synthesis and the development of methods for research and evaluation. The overall aim of this research theme is to protect and improve public health by developing the scientific evidence base that will support and enable effective adaptation to climate change and promote resilience and sustainability. The work will be subdivided into three interlinked projects: 1. Understanding the health effects of climate and weather events. 2. Understanding the determinants of resilience to flooding 3. Evaluation of interventions/responses to extreme events and adaptation measures.


Research activity codes: 2.6 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (AETIOLOGY);8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Training and Capacity Building
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The overall objective of this theme is to strengthen the understanding and application of mathematical modelling for PHE staff, as well as improving modellers’ (both academic and in PHE) appreciation of public health in order to increase the utility of the modelling analysis and tools produced by the HPRU. Specific aims are: Short-term: • Improve PHE staff’s understanding of existing analytical/modelling methods and their applications through provision of short courses and seminars targeted towards audiences of non-modellers. • Provision of technical training in advanced methods to all HPRU staff. • Initiating programme of annual HPRU away-days. Medium-term: • Increasing awareness of wider public health priorities in IC modelling staff. • Further develop existing internal capacity within the HPRU in new techniques. • Holding the first careers day for research staff/students. Long-term: • Increase the overall appreciation of the utility and limitations of mathematical modelling amongst PHE staff to support integration of new methods across the range of priority disease areas.


Research activity codes: 2.5 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGIES (AETIOLOGY)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Enhancing syndromic surveillance for early detection and assessing the extent of incidents.
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Overall aims: a) To improve the timeliness at which events, especially but not exclusively covert releases, are detected by existing syndromic surveillance. b) To understand where real-time syndromic surveillance systems do and do not add value in the early warning and situational awareness of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive (CBRNE) incidents and unintentional or natural incidents such as accidental water contamination. c) To explore ways in which existing syndromic surveillance techniques may be enhanced. Short term objectives: 1) To explore, for a range of CBRNE events, infectious disease outbreaks and environmental incidents, which incidents would be detected by syndromic surveillance systems and which would not in the con- text of a range of scenarios including mass gatherings. 2) To critique and identify the added value provided by a variety of different syndromic surveillance sys- tems for a range of CBRNE events, infectious disease outbreaks, environmental incidents in the con- text of a range of scenarios including mass gatherings. 3) To undertake systematic literature reviews to explore and critically evaluate state-of-the-art techniques (e.g. data mining, Bayesian statistics) and new datasets that have the potential to improve our ability and timeliness of detecting events. Medium term objectives: 1) To determine, in the context of other intelligence about a mass gathering (e.g. information from security services), when reassurance can be provided using syndromic systems about the lack of an incident having occurred and at what stage. 2) Using the outputs from the systematic review, to improve and refine the statistical processes underpin- ning syndromic surveillance including the development of Bayesian techniques to draw together differ- ent surveillance data streams to see if this provides more robust and /or earlier signals Long term objectives: 1) To build upon the outputs from the systematic review to explore the use of combined syndromic signals (e.g. fever and cough) to improve the sensitivity of syndromic surveillance systems for monitoring infec- tious diseases or other public health incidents. 2) To assess whether the mining of ‘free text’ (recorded in patients’ consultation notes) would add any benefit, for early warning and discrimination of illness, over the current use of coded consultations/ con- tacts, and to explore the possibility of linking these data with other surveillance datasets.


Research activity codes: 4.4 POPULATION SCREENING
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Biomarkers in detection and triage
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The overall objective of the theme is the development of robust, rapid and reliable biomarkers that enable the identification of a chemical or radiation exposure and contribute to decisions about medical management of casualties including triage. These biomarkers should be as near patient as is feasible, depending on the technology required, and either a marker of a specific exposure or of the adverse effect of the agent. The Medical Toxicology Centre has extensive analytical capability based on state of the art equipment and expertise in relevant techniques, including mass spectrometry. Short term objectives 1. Identification, in collaboration with PHE and DH, of priority chemicals and radiation scenarios. 2. Assess the operational application of the outcomes of the previous Biomarkers Project on near patient biomonitoring and assess novel methods for detecting organophosphates, cyanide, phosgene and sulphur mustard exposure and decide on next steps in method development for additional chemicals and radiation scenarios. 3. Integrate biomonitoring concepts, decontamination methods and medical interventions into the triage protocol developed in the Concept of Operation for Medical First Responders project, identifying capability gaps and needs. Medium term objectives 1. Develop analytical methods for priority chemicals and radiation scenarios using either exposure or effect biomarkers. 2. Adapt analytical methods for utility in near patient ‘Concept of Use.’ 3. Integrate biomarker results with outcomes of the Decontamination Theme work into the medical triage protocol. Long term objectives 1. Exercise concept of operation for the recommended triage protocol that includes near patient biomonitoring and decontamination in the medical triage process. 2. Determine optimum medical first responder operating practices that make best use of biomarker capabilities, effective decontamination processes and appropriate medical interventions. 3. Provide guidelines to PHE/DH that incorporate the research outcomes in a Concept of Operations for medical first responders.


Research activity codes: 4.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DETECTION)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Putting research at the forefront of commissioning: a co-produced study of knowledge mobilisation
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Commissioners decide which and how healthcare services should be funded, so it is vital that those decisions are well informed by research. Commissioners are more likely to effectively draw on research for decision making with personal contact with researchers. So the aim of this fellowship is to find out 'what works' in creating useful relationships between the two. I will set up 4 collaborative projects. These collaborative projects will apply researchers' knowledge of research methodologies such as regression analysis, statistical process control and realistic evaluation to develop ways to evaluate healthcare services. All projects will create teams of commissioners, patients, clinicians and researchers working together and will be facilitated by myself and 2 NHS commissioners, acting as intermediaries, drawing on our personal networks with joint appointments at both organisations. To evaluate our success in creating productive relationships, I will keep an activity log and design and apply a questionnaire that measures the nature of the relationships between commissioners and researchers. An independent evaluator will assess success at three points in time. Seminars and short courses will take place throughout. This fellowship will generate new ways to evaluate healthcare services and greater understanding of how to foster commissioner-researcher collaborations.

Lay abstract: Commissioners decide which and how healthcare services should be funded, so it is vital that those decisions are well informed by research. Commissioners are more likely to effectively draw on research for decision making with personal contact with researchers. So the aim of this fellowship is to find out 'what works' in creating useful relationships between the two. I will set up 4 collaborative projects. These collaborative projects will apply researchers' knowledge of research methodologies such as regression analysis, statistical process control and realistic evaluation to develop ways to evaluate healthcare services. All projects will create teams of commissioners, patients, clinicians and researchers working together and will be facilitated by myself and 2 NHS commissioners, acting as intermediaries, drawing on our personal networks with joint appointments at both organisations. To evaluate our success in creating productive relationships, I will keep an activity log and design and apply a questionnaire that measures the nature of the relationships between commissioners and researchers. An independent evaluator will assess success at three points in time. Seminars and short courses will take place throughout. This fellowship will generate new ways to evaluate healthcare services and greater understanding of how to foster commissioner-researcher collaborations.

Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES;8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Mobilising knowledge about ethnic inequalities to improve access, experience and outcomes for Black and Minority Ethnic users of NHS services
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Research evidence and other types of information show that healthcare access, service experience and health outcomes vary between ethnic groups. Currently this knowledge is rarely used to improve services. This fellowship builds on past NIHR-funded research to develop and test a package of tools to support NHS commissioning staff make effective use of knowledge about these ethnic health inequalities. The project will encourage wider adoption of these tools so that the mobilisation of knowledge about ethnic inequalities becomes part and parcel of NHS commissioning and service improvement work and NHS services better meet the needs of our multi-ethnic populations

Lay abstract: Research evidence and other types of information show that healthcare access, service experience and health outcomes vary between ethnic groups. Currently this knowledge is rarely used to improve services. This fellowship builds on past NIHR-funded research to develop and test a package of tools to support NHS commissioning staff make effective use of knowledge about these ethnic health inequalities. The project will encourage wider adoption of these tools so that the mobilisation of knowledge about ethnic inequalities becomes part and parcel of NHS commissioning and service improvement work and NHS services better meet the needs of our multi-ethnic populations

Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES;4.3 INFLUENCES AND IMPACT
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Safety Informatics
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The theme will be developing technologies and information behaviours that create safer care systems, building on innovations in NHS data analytics/interfaces, and on the civic data integration initiative of Greater Manchester, Connect/DataWell – able to underpin the world’s first place-based “Learning Healthcare System”


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Improving diagnostic accuracy and decision-making
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The Institute of Medicine (IOM, now NAM) stated in a landmark report that that “all of us will likely experience a meaningful diagnostic error in our lifetime.” This theme aims to tackle the challenges related to diagnosis and decision making (e.g., in antibiotic prescribing) in primary care and in peri-operative situations. Translational solutions will harness the scientific and technological capabilities of our team to support decision making


Research activity codes: 7.3 MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Enhancing the safety of medication and technology
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Medication administration is the most common medical intervention, while technology is one of the most promising. This theme will build on existing knowledge about medication error and its implications for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and create new evidence on the potential risks engendered by technology. It will develop solutions to both issues by leveraging technology, design, behavioural science and human factors.


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Safer organisations, safer systems, safer care
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The best organisations continuously measure the safety of their care, celebrate successes, and learn from mistakes. This means they are more resilient when faced with greater pressures. When weak organisations are under financial and operational pressure, culture can fray, processes fail, blame gets shifted, and so safety can be compromised. This theme will focus on measuring what works both in and across organisations, improving the capacity of organisations and systems to learn from mistakes, and generate new insights into how to improve the diffusion and adoption of successful safety innovations.


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Avoiding deterioration and delays in the care of patients with complex needs
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Conventional patient safety research has focused on errors that result from inappropriate actions, but between 65-95% of medical errors are due to an action not being taken or being delayed. The theme will develop and implement solutions to identify deteriorating patients and ensure timely and appropriate clinical response by applying new methods to collect clinical information (e.g., sensors, wearable technology) and to analyse data (including artificial intelligence)


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Ensuring value for money in patient safety
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: The lack of robust data on the broader economic burden of adverse events and the cost-saving potential of investing in its prevention is a clear gap in the patient safety evidence base. This theme aims to better understand the wider economic burden of avoidable harm and generate evidence on the cost-effectiveness of safety-related initiatives to inform policy, improve efficiency, and incentivise safer, high-value care. It will work in close collaboration with other themes to test the cost-effectiveness of the solutions we will develop.


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Patient involvement in patient safety
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: Overarching theme objective is to further our understanding of how engaging patients at different points of the patient journey may help to support system resilience. Theme aims to develop innovative approaches to promoting safety across this journey, from early diagnosis through to discharge into primary and community care.


Research activity codes: 8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE