Title: Padeliporfin for treating localised prostate cancer [ID866]
Funder: Department of Health and Social Care

Abstract: To appraise the clinical and cost effectiveness of padeliporfin within its marketing authorisation for treating unilateral, low-risk localised prostate cancer.

Lay abstract: Prostate cancer is a disease in which tumours develop in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. It is caused by several factors, including genes and the environment (1),(2). Localised prostate cancer refers to early stage cancer of the prostate gland where the cancer has not spread into the surrounding tissues or to other parts of the body (3). Localised prostate cancer often does not cause any symptoms. If symptoms do arise, they may include difficulty in passing urine, passing urine more frequently than usual (especially at night), pain when passing urine and blood in the urine (4),(5). The incidence of prostate cancer increases with age and is higher in people of African or African-Caribbean family origin and people with a family history of the disease (1). In England, about 40,400 people were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2015 (6) and about 9500 people died from prostate cancer in 2014 (7). NICE clinical guideline 175 classifies disease as low, intermediate or high risk based on prostate-specific antigen concentration, Gleason score (based on a biopsy) and clinical stage. Treatment options may include active surveillance, prostatectomy (surgical removal of the prostate), radiotherapy or brachytherapy (radiation delivered inside the prostate gland). ‘Radical’ means treatment that aims to cure the disease. NICE clinical guideline 175 recommends active surveillance as an option for people with low-risk localised prostate cancer (prostate-specific antigen, PSA <10 ng/ml and a Gleason score =6 and clinical stage T1-2a). In clinical practice, radical surgery or radiotherapy may also be considered for some people with low-risk localised prostate cancer. References 1. Cancer Research UK. About cancer. Prostate cancer risks and causes. Accessed December 2017. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/type/prostate-cancer/about/prostate-cancer-risks-and-causes 2. Macmillan Cancer Support. Cancer information. Risk factors and causes of prostate cancer. Accessed December 2017. http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Cancerinformation/Cancertypes/Prostate/Abo utprostatecancer/Causes.aspx 3. Macmillan Cancer Support. Cancer information. About prostate cancer. Accessed December 2017. http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Cancerinformation/Cancertypes/Prostate/Abo utprostatecancer/Prostatecancer.aspx 4. Macmillan Cancer Support. Cancer information. Symptoms of prostate cancer. Accessed December 2017. http://www.macmillan.org.uk/Cancerinformation/Cancertypes/Prostate/Sy mptomsdiagnosis/Symptoms.aspx 5. Cancer Research UK. About cancer. Prostate cancer symptoms. Accessed December 2017. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about- cancer/type/prostate-cancer/about/prostate-cancer-symptoms 6. Office for National Statistics. Cancer registration statistics, England, 2015. Accessed January 2016. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialca re/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/cancerregistrationstatisticsengland/201 5 7. Cancer Research UK. Cancer stats. Prostate cancer mortality statistics. Accessed January 2016. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer- info/cancerstats/types/prostate/mortality/

Research activity codes: 6.1 PHARMACEUTICALS
Health categories: CANCER AND NEOPLASMS