NIHRDataInsights/HRCSData huggingface dataset:
Title: Determinants and health sequelae of intimate partner violence and abuse in young adult relationships: a mixed methods study
Funder: Economic and Social Research Council

Abstract: Intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) is any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm to those in the relationship. Evidence of associations between IPVA and adverse mental and physical ill health is increasing, yet little is known about IPVA in young adult relationships specifically, particularly in the UK. Current studies have small sample sizes, and limited measurement of potential confounders and effect modifiers such as childhood abuse. Most studies have been restricted to women, and focused on victimisation (not perpetration). Finally, very few studies have directly measured mental and physical health and there remain considerable gaps in our understanding of inter-generational transmission of IPVA. Identifying groups who are particularly vulnerable to IPVA adverse health sequelae can inform secondary prevention efforts and requires epidemiologic research. But quantitative results cannot fully capture the complexity of social factors that contribute to ameliorating and/or amplifying relationships between IPVA and health. We will therefore use a mixed-methods approach. We will analyse longitudinal and prospectively collected data from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort to study: i) life course patterns of IPVA across two generations ii) the relationship between IPVA in young adult relationships with mental health and cardiovascular health, including iii) factors that amplify and ameliorate associations between IPVA and health outcomes. We will integrate this quantitative work with a qualitative study to understand young adults' own meaning and narratives of IPVA experiences, and the factors that they perceive as exacerbating or mitigating its adverse effects. Integrating the two approaches will enable triangulation of findings, to inform policy and the design of public health and clinical interventions for people exposed to IPVA in adolescent and early adult relationships.


Research activity codes: 2.1 BIOLOGICAL AND ENDOGENOUS FACTORS;2.3 PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Molecular Robotics
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Abstract: Molecular robotics represents the ultimate in the miniaturisation of machinery. We shall design and make the smallest machines possible and use them to perform tasks. Applications of molecular robotics systems could help reduce demand for materials, accelerate and improve drug discovery, reduce power requirements, facilitate recycling, reduce life-cycle costs and increase miniaturisation. In doing so it will help address the needs of society and contribute to competitiveness and sustainable development objectives, public health, employment, energy, transport and security. Perhaps the best way to appreciate the technological potential of molecular robotics is to recognise that molecular machines lie at the heart of every significant biological process. Over billions of years of evolution Nature has not repeatedly chosen this solution for achieving complex task performance without good reason. When we learn how to build artificial structures that can control and exploit molecular level motion, and interface their effects directly with other molecular-level substructures and the outside world, it will potentially impact on every aspect of functional molecule and materials design. An improved understanding of physics and biology will surely follow.

Lay abstract: Redacted

Research activity codes: 1.3 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Friction: The Tribology Enigma
Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Abstract: Friction plays a central role in life; in transport, in manufacturing, in process engineering, in medical devices and in everyday human activities. Friction has commanded the attention of Amontons, Coulomb and Da Vinci and their simplistic, empirical laws have been the cornerstone of friction theory. At the conceptual and theoretical levels the vast modern day friction literature has revealed the enormous complexity of even the simplest processes and the limitations of the early friction laws. Friction is intimately linked to both adhesion, contact geometry and wear and all require an appreciation of the highly non-equilibrium and non-linear processes occurring over multiple length scales. The challenge presented is that friction in realistic engineering contacts cannot be predicted. Understanding the physical and chemical processes at contacting interfaces is the only route to cracking the tribological enigma. The research gap addressed in this Programme Grant is linked to the development of accurate experimental and numerical simulations of friction. We appreciate that the search for a unified model for friction prediction is futile because friction is system dependent. However, the goal to predict friction is achievable. We have identified 4 key areas where there are current challenges in understanding the origins of friction because of different complexities as outlined below: - Reactive surfaces; in many systems the frictional contact brings about chemical reactions that can only be described by non-equilibrium thermodynamics. We need accurate kinetic rate data for reactions which can only be provided by advanced in-situ chemical analysis - Extreme interfaces; these can be described as any interfaces that are inducing high strain rate material deformation and combined with electrochemical or chemical reactions. Simulation and sensing are key to improving the understanding. - Non-linear materials; in engineering and in biological systems we see the evolution of "soft" materials for tribological applications. Predicting friction in these systems relies on understanding the rheology/tribology interactions. - Particles and 2nd phase materials; for materials processing or for understanding the transport of wear particles in a contact we need to understand particle-particle friction in complex contact conditions where fracture/deformation are occurring.

Lay abstract: Redacted

Research activity codes: 1.3 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES;1.4 METHODOLOGIES AND MEASUREMENTS
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: KCL, MLTCs Challenge Fund
Funder: Guy's and St Thomas' Charity

Abstract: a challenge fund to identify and fund research studies to inform MLTC Programme


Research activity codes: 2.6 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (AETIOLOGY);4.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DETECTION);7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT);8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: The provision of general medical services by non-medical health professionals: systematic review, survey and mixed methods study.
Funder: Health and Care Research Wales (Welsh Government)

Abstract: Primary care provides 90% of all patient contacts within the NHS in Wales, but recruiting new general practitioners is increasingly difficult. A large general medical practice in North Denbighshire has recently been taken over by Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board and is being staffed by a mixture of salaried GPs, nurses, pharmacists and physiotherapists. The non-medical staff are being used in areas, which have previously been reserved for doctors. We do not know if this substitution of some of the work that GPs do is acceptable, effective and value for money. We propose to place a PhD student in this practice to start to answer this research question. The PhD student will perform a review of the literature concerning the substitution of general medical practitioners by nurses, pharmacists and allied health professionals. He/she will survey the current use of this kind of substitution in the National Health Service throughout the UK. He/she will compare the type of patients that consult with GPs, nurses, pharmacists and allied health practitioners in terms of their age, gender, reason for consultation, number of medical problems, complexity, etc. He/she will also compare the length of consultation, content of consultation, investigations ordered, prescribing and referrals made to other services. This is in order to measure the amount of health service activity carried out and to compare the cost. The PhD student will also assess the views of patients, nurses, allied health professionals and general practitioners on this substitution. He/she will use questionnaires and tests of physical function during routine appointments with the physiotherapists. These will assess patients’ level of fitness and health. They will inform the writing of a future research proposal for a trial to test whether substituting physiotherapists for GPs is effective and good value for money.


Research activity codes: 8.4 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGIES (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: A point-of-care diagnostic solution for urgent and ambulatory care delivery in the community
Funder: Innovate UK

Abstract: Demand for emergency care is continuing to rise as the UK population gets older and chronic health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, COPD and diabetes become more prevalent. The NHS is assessing new ways to deliver urgent and ambulatory care in the community, allowing patients to be treated in local hospitals or at home, and establishing more cost effective and sustainable care models. A key challenge in rolling out these services is the lack of rapid access to lab-quality blood tests outside hospitals. Jupiter Diagnostics Limied has developed a state-of-the-art in vitro diagnostic (IVD) system to deliver low-cost, lab-quality point of care (POC) blood test results in just 10 minutes from a capillary blood sample. This project will develop a test panel to help clinicians to better assess and manage patients presenting with symptoms of breathlessness or chest pain – the most common emergency medical presentations. The POC test will deliver comparable performance to lab tests to enable clinicians to rapidly diagnose heart failure, heart attacks, clots and pneumonia, and refer patients in need of hospital care or investigate and appropriately treat other underlying causes in the community, changing how and where care is delivered, reducing emergency hospital admissions, patient waiting times and healthcare costs, whilst improving patient outcomes.


Research activity codes: 4.1 DISCOVERY AND PRECLINICAL TESTING OF MARKERS AND TECHNOLOGIES;8.1 ORGANISATION AND DELIVERY OF SERVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Development of water-resistant biometric, positioning and kinetic sensors: Enabling intelligent rehabilitation, training and remote monitoring in water
Funder: Innovate UK

Abstract: "Aqua Running are a Liverpool based, innovative sport science company and world leaders in the development of advanced in water training technology, including the patented hydro buoyancy suit (HBS) to aid in medical rehabilitation, performance and injury prevention. It is medically accepted that aquatic exercise and therapy (aqua aerobics, aquatic fitness, aquafitness, aquafit) improves recovery from injury by reducing the stress on joints caused by body weight by up 90, there has been no sensor system developed to monitor and track detailed biometrics, movement and kinetics data in water - primarily due to challenge of electronics in water and the sensors gathering accurate performance data. To address this, we intend to overcome the technical challenges and develop a range of water resistant sensor that can be embedded in and around wetsuit neoprene material (including our HBS suit). The technology has two primary applications; 1. Enabling the kinetic and biometric monitoring in aqua exercising to aid recovery, rehabilitation and performance; 2. Monitoring the vital signs of people engaged in high risk aquatic activity -- such as scuba diving (when at the surface) or commercial fishing -- where the ability to locate people in water in can be life-saving.Both hospitals and elite sports teams (our target customers) require advanced analytics and data to develop stratified rehabilitation care and personalised performance plans; the project is therefore crucial to us accessing these markets. The market for enterprise physiological wearables will reach £9.6bn by 2018 (56.1% CAGR) and we see this as an £32m opportunity for us by Y5 and we already have trial partners (Sanitas and Real Madrid Medical Services) and customers in place once the technology is developed."


Research activity codes: 4.1 DISCOVERY AND PRECLINICAL TESTING OF MARKERS AND TECHNOLOGIES;5.3 MEDICAL DEVICES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Purification of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) by continuous Chromatography
Funder: Innovate UK

Abstract: The project aims to increase yields of Adeno-Associated Viral (AAV) vectors for human gene therapy studies through the improved purification processes and through the adoption of continuous chromatography approaches. The project aims to develop purification processes with improved yields and robustness that can be readily scaled to those required for in-market requirements at a reduced cost of goods than is currently being achieved for these vectors, addressing the critical needs to increase the supply and costs of these medicines.


Research activity codes: 5.2 CELLULAR AND GENE THERAPIES
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: University of Ulster and Voscuris Limited
Funder: Innovate UK

Abstract: To specify, develop and implement a novel and secure data analytics platform and analysis service for use with private hospitals and laboratories, based on patient and public involvement.


Research activity codes: 4.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DETECTION);7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT);8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: University of Sunderland and Mistura Enterprise Limited
Funder: Innovate UK

Abstract: To develop an innovative Software as a Service platform that will enable patient self-management of health conditions through personalised medicines information. Branded as 'whatsmychoice', the platform will be licensable to health professionals, organisations and patients.


Research activity codes: 7.1 INDIVIDUAL CARE NEEDS;7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT);8.5 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (HEALTH SERVICES)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Academic Palliative Care Unit
Funder: Marie Curie

Abstract: The 12-bed Academic Palliative Care Unit aims to provide world-leading clinical and compassionate specialist care for patients and their families with the most complex, high-dependency, palliative and end of life care needs,. The Unit is a centre for world-leading research and service innovation, delivered in partnership with our Academic Institute. The Key Strategic aims of the Unit are: Safe Care – the approach to reduce harm is integrated and implemented as we aim to transform palliative and end of life care delivery as the APCU functions as a hub of clinical excellence. Caring – To deliver High dependency palliative care and enhance the patient and care experience, transforming organisational culture, to determine lasting improvements. Responsive – Working with our patients and staff in designing solutions that truly transform the care we can provide. To reduce length of stay to enable the patient to be cared for and die in the place of their choice Effective – To underpin care delivery with a robust research and development portfolio. All interventions should be based on robust evidence, however where evidence is lacking or still emerging, the Unit can take a lead role in developing reasoned decision making to determine best practice Well Led – To deliver an enhanced local, national and international reputation. To drive the research agenda, led by our Academic Institute. Patients benefit from the latest, research based, innovative and compassionate care, with the opportunity to participate in research that improves care now and for the future, leaving a legacy for the benefit of future patients, as innovations and learning are shared in the UK and globally.


Research activity codes: 7.2 END OF LIFE CARE;7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Joint ESRC Marie Curie UBEL PhD Studentship: Emotional disclosure as a form of therapeutic intervention on health-related outcomes of people with progressive advanced chronic diseases and their family carers
Funder: Marie Curie

Abstract: More people are living with progressive advanced chronic diseases (PACD). Sufferers and their family members may experience sleep problems, low mood and anxiety. This can have a physical, emotional and psychological impact resulting in an increased need for the right care and support. Existing therapies may be costly and there is often little research to support their effectiveness. Evidence suggests expressive writing (EW) can have positive health benefits on people with PACD. EW involves writing daily for 15-20 minutes over 3-4 consecutive days. EW has potential advantages for PACD populations over other existing therapies available, and is simple, easy to use and low cost. Aims To further develop and investigate a therapeutic approach (EW) which aims to enhance psychological and physical outcomes for patients with PACD and their families. Methods This study will use a mixed-methods approach to: i) Review the evidence on the acceptability and efficacy of expressive writing in people with progressive advanced chronic diseases and their family carers. ii) Review the theoretical frameworks proposed to identify mechanisms of how EW may produce benefits. iii) Conduct a survey of psychological support services currently available in palliative care settings. How the results will be used These findings will help to pinpoint how aspects of EW may work for people with PACD and inform the development of an intervention to better support them and their carers. This will help to identify how such an intervention could be tailored for patients and implemented into existing services.


Research activity codes: 7.2 END OF LIFE CARE
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute
Funder: Marie Curie

Abstract: Vision: The Institute's vision is that all people experience a pain free and dignified death, regardless of where they die, supported by the very best clinical and compassionate care. It aims to facilitate and support those who want to make a local, national and international difference in driving up the quality of care for the dying. The Institute enables clinical excellence that makes a difference to dying people and their relatives and carers, engaging in research and development to improve end of life care on a global basis. We recognise the need to use collective expertise, balancing practical application with robust investigation in care of the dying, and that to achieve our vision we collaborate within our Institute and with external collaborative partners to earn and preserve the trust of those we work with to influence and improve healthcare, locally, nationally and internationally. Strategic Aims 1. To undertake innovative world leading research, service innovation and learning and teaching projects 2. To lead the academic element of the Academic Palliative & End of Life Care Centre (APEC) at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital (RLBUHT). 3. To enhance the University of Liverpool’s reputation through translational research 4. To lead the strategic programme and co-ordination of the International Collaborative for Best Care for the Dying Person 5. To establish and develop opportunities and investment with new and existing strategic stakeholders at regional, national and international levels 6. To promote knowledge exchange and transfer within the APEC and to external academic, clinical and other key stakeholders


Research activity codes: 7.2 END OF LIFE CARE;7.4 RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE (DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE
Title: Acceptability and usefulness of 'My Healthcare Passport' to young people with life-limiting conditions
Funder: Marie Curie

Abstract: Background Nearly 50,000 children and young people in the UK have life-limiting conditions, with growing numbers living into adulthood. Fragmentation of health, social and voluntary services, and difficulty moving from children’s to adult services makes communication between young people, families and professionals challenging. There is consensus that young people should be fully involved in care planning, including decisions to limit treatment. However, young people and families report having to repeat their story to numbers of professionals, and significant difficulties with advance care planning (ACP) for future and end-of-life care. Limited research on ACP shows most young people want to share in decision-making and find ACP helps communication with their families about end-of-life care. ACP is associated with improvements in mood, better decision-making, treatment in line with advance directives, and death at home rather than hospital. ‘My Healthcare Passport’ is a new patient-held record (PHR) for people facing life-limiting illness. This paper document is kept by the patient and contains information on family and healthcare contacts, medical condition, medications, and level of independence, with a section on care preferences if the person’s condition worsens, or if they are at the end of life. An online equivalent is ‘A Better Plan’ (ABP), developed with and for the NHS. ABP also has a section devoted to ACP. Aims To evaluate the acceptability and usefulness of the Passport/ABP PHRs to young adults with life-limiting conditions; and to identify organisational and intervention factors that influence successful implementation. Methods We will invite 25 young people aged 16-24 years living in Northern Ireland with life-limiting conditions, their families, and service providers to take part. Young people can use either or both of the PHRs for up to nine months. We will interview the young people, 15 family members and 15 professionals about their experiences using the PHRs. We will also ask young people to keep a diary of their experiences, to give short telephone interviews at three and six months, and – if they wish – to let us see how they have used their PHRs. How the results will be used Development of a model for successful implementation of a PHR in relation to intervention components, organisational settings, and the characteristics of the individuals involved; with a view to conducting a future definitive evaluation of the impact of a PHR on the well-being of young people with life-limiting conditions and their families.


Research activity codes: 7.2 END OF LIFE CARE
Health categories: GENERIC HEALTH RELEVANCE