NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
L'art de la rencontre inuite/non-inuite dans le milieu de la santé à Montréal

More and more Inuit from Nunavik are being transferred to Montreal for health care and face a regular system that is often described as unsafe and inadequate in the northern context. Several macro systemic conditions such as colonial history, prejudice, racism and discrimination compromise Aboriginal cultural safety. However, each encounter has the potential to transform this experience from a relational and systemic point of view. How can we support the emergence of this transformative potential and what are the conditions that hinder it? Several suggested that art could challenge habits and foster emotional mobilizing power. Considering the complexity and sensitivity of the Inuit/non-Inuit encounter in this context, this research project aims to document the process of this encounter based on an auto-ethnographic creative practice. The specific objectives are: 1) to identify the phases and transformations experienced during my encounters with Inuit at the Northern Quebec Module (NQM, now called Ullivik), based on artistic practice and 2) to explore the systemic, relational and personal conditions that took part in these encounters based on artistic practice. For six months I facilitated non-directed drawing, painting, printmaking and crochet workshops at the NQM which houses Inuit from Nunavik during their care in Montreal. I also developed a participatory installation over a year and a half at the NQM and the university to identify systemic cultural habits in the encounters. The installation took the form of two suspended steel panels, on which fabrics and strings were magnetized. The field notes and works produced during the doctoral project were used as analytical material. Inspired by the non-representational approach, I reflect on the processes of the encounter, as well as on the potential for transformation in interactions. Two moves were particularly striking in my process, giving me the impression of losing face at the scientific and artistic level, in a new and anxious terrain: the recognition of silence in my artistic practice, but also in my family surrounding the two World Wars in Europe, then a move of the work on the floor, destabilizing my representations of the hierarchy by moving from two to three dimensions. These moves were analyzed in their implication on my encounters at the MNQ. The notion of losing face led to a Goffmanian analysis of encounters, then making links between microsociology, micropolitics, and macro systemic contexts in a relational field, through affect. The analysis of the process and the analysis of interactions made it possible to reflect on the back and forth between non-representations and representations, i.e. moments of openness to creative possibilities in the encounter, and moments of closure or tendency to stereotypes and generalizations. These reflections are brought back into the context of health care to rethink health intervention with Inuit.

Keyphrases: Inuit, Aboriginal, health system, cultural safety, autoethnography, decolonization, art therapy, participative art, research-creation
The partnership in social and solidarity economy : from contract to alliance : a case study

Among development policies, social and solidarity economy (SSE) practices are taking on increasing importance. These practices are characterised by the development of ‘relational wealth’ in addition to material and financial wealth and in particular the relationship of reciprocity (Polanyi 1944; Servet 2007). In this context, the notion of alliance becomes highly significant. This refers to various forms of partnerships forged by the parties involved. Nonetheless, very different, and sometimes even opposite, relational logics underlying these partnerships can be observed. We suggest comparing two different partnership logics: the contract logic and the alliance logic. The analysis is made in relation to the study of a large French SSE organisation operating in the field of sport.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Ethics, Economics, Alliance, Contract, Partnership, Social and solidarity economy, Organisation
Influence des symptômes dépressifs sur le participation sociale et la satisfaction de vie suite à un traumatisme craniocérébral léger

Purpose : There is much evidence regarding the impact of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on social participation (leisure and community integration), but little is known about social participation in the first months following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, it is well known that social participation is an integral part of a satisfying life. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of mood and post-concussive symptoms on social participation and life satisfaction early after mTBI. Method: The sample includes 85 participants aged between 18 and 61 years old who sustained mTBI. In the first months following mTBI, participants answered questionnaires measuring practice of leisure activities (pre and post-mTBI), community integration, anxiety and depression symptoms, fatigue, post-concussive symptoms and life satisfaction. Results: Total scores of interest, frequency of practice and leisure satisfaction are significantly lower after mTBI. Depressive symptoms are negatively associated with interest and satisfaction with leisure and with community integration. Finally, depressive symptoms is a moderator of interest and satisfaction with leisure, community integration and life satisfaction. Conclusion : These results suggest that mTBI negatively affects the practice of leisure activities, that symptoms of depression are associated with lower social participation and that they moderate the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction. Early post-mTBI intervention specifically targeting depressed mood is therefore recommended.

Keyphrases: Mild traumatic brain injury, Leisure, Community integration, Depression, Life satisfaction
Modèle attentionnel à deux étapes de la planification des mouvements de portée du bras et des saccades

Planning saccades or reach movements to a specific location in the environment relies on attentional mechanisms to select a relevant location and on motor systems to correctly guide the movements to their destination. However, the interaction between attention and action are still far from being completely understood. We wished to determine whether planning of eye and arm movements is based on shared or independent representations. In our first article, we investigated how exogenous attentional modulation through the use of behaviorally irrelevant cues influenced the temporal and spatial characteristics of the eye and the arm during single or combined movements. We found both similar and differential effects of eye and arm reaction times, which we suggest is based on two stages of motor planning; one effector-independent and one effector-dependent. In our second article, we investigated the influence of exogenous cueing on arm movements during visuomotor adaptation to identify whether attentional mechanisms facilitate motor planning or visual target detection. Our findings demonstrated that motor planning during a visuomotor adaptation task relied more on the visual target than on arm motor planning, contrastingly to saccades, as has been shown in a previous study. Taken together, our papers provide better understanding of the operating mechanisms of attention on eye and arm movements and the interaction between sensory and motor systems. We propose a dual-stage attentional model to bring together a number of divergent findings in the field with respect to eye and arm planning processes.

Keyphrases: Saccades, Visual attention, Exogenous attention, Visually-guided movements, Coordinated movements, Reach movements, Hand-eye coordination, Visuomotor adaptation, Reaction times, Cueing
Campylobactériose humaine et variations climatiques au Québec : a
nalyse de séries temporelles selon les modèles SARIMA et SARIMAX

At the global level, climate indicators are increasingly described as factors related to zoonosis. The main objective of this study was to verify the relationship between changes in monthly maximum ambient temperature and monthly total precipitation level (including snow and rain) and the cumulative monthly incidence of human campylobacteriosis in three health regions of Quebec with different climatic conditions: Montréal, Mauricie-et-Centre-du-Québec and Capitale-Nationale. A double time series analysis, SARIMA (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) and SARIMAX (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous variables) was carried out over the period 2000-2015. For the three health regions, the campylobacteriosis cumulative monthly incidence followed a seasonal pattern with a peak between July and August. The SARIMAX models were the best models for assessing the association between the cumulative monthly incidence of human campylobacteriosis and the two climatic variables. A positive correlation between monthly maximum temperature and cumulative monthly incidence of human campylobacteriosis was observed for Montréal (p < 0.0001) and Mauricie-et-Centre-du-Québec (p = 0.0079) health regions. On the other hand, for total precipitation, the correlation was negative and significant only for Montréal (p = 0.0004). It remains to explore the link with several other climatic variables, such as rainfall, relative humidity and the length of the plant-growing season, as well as to develop SARIMAX models for campylobacteriosis incidence prediction.

Keyphrases: Human campylobacteriosis, Climatic factors, Time-series analysis
Grunge, genre et style : analyse d'un phénomène du rock américain des années 1990

The world discovered grunge in 1991 thanks to the popularity of Nirvana’s « Smells Like Teen Spirit». During almost half of a decade, the American popular music changed profoundly and grunge appeared to be the standard bearer of an entire generation. With heavy guitars and an alleged nihilism, grunge was embodied through strong imagery and around the city of Seattle, Washington. Soundgarden, Pearl Jam and Alice in Chains joined the success of grunge, but is it really possible to define what appears to be a « genre » trough stylistic considerations ? This work suggests, at first, reconsidering grunge in its aspects of « genre », to try then to decode its possible stylistic unit. Grunge popularizing, at the beggining of the 1990’s, in a era of great call into question about music consumption and production because of democratization of audio digital technologies. Do these changes were able to influence, and even to condition the emergence and the popularization of that new style ?

Keyphrases: grunge, punk, Seattle, Pearl Jam, Nirvana, Soundgarden, Moore, Genre, Style, Popular music, Alternative music, Recorded music, Analysis, Digital audio, Alice In Chains
Équité et efficacité en éducation : regards croisés France/Québec

Our study aims at comparing French and English education systems regarding equity and efficiency. This research is based on an empirical literature review of studies conducted in France and Quebec. We focused on equality of treatment for students whatever their socioeconomic and cultural background. The study reveals that there is more inequity in the French education system than in the Quebec one. However, the results of the study show similarities on both systems with regard to hidden processes of discrimination (unequal treatment of the pupils, unequal access to the different programs) witch benefit students from upper social classes, notwithstanding the official discourse which pretends to fight against inequalities. Indeed, the achievement gap between the pupils is not only related to their socioeconomic background or their skills: the educational system itself produces inequalities. Moreover, the unequal treatment of the pupils reinforces the achievement gap between those from lower social classes and the others. Finally, the study reveals the importance of school mix for the academic achievement. Indeed, the fact that school inequalities are higher in France than in Quebec, could be due to the higher level of social and ethnic segregation in French schools.

Keyphrases: Analyse comparative France/Québec, Educational efficiency, Educational equity, Equal opportunities, School equal treatment, School in/equalities, Un/equality of treatment, French education system, Quebec education system, Comparative analysis Quebec/France, Academic achievement
L’article 5 de la CEDEF : l’obligation d’éliminer les stéréotypes de genre néfastes et injustifiés

This master’s thesis concerns one of the most fascinating provisions in international women’s rights: article 5 of the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW, adopted on December 18, 1979). This provision creates the obligation for State Parties to eliminate gender stereotypes that are wrong and unjustified. Moreover, this thesis wishes to address the impact of gender theories on the definition of the terms "sex" and "women" within the application and scope of article 5. Finally, this thesis will also aim to give meaning to a beneficial and justified gender stereotype, while keeping in mind the substantive equality objective of feminist movements.

Keyphrases: ARTICLE 5, Discrimination, LGBTQ, CEDAW, Stereotypes, International law, Feminism, Equality, Gender, Section 5
L'usage du droit comparé dans le raisonnement du juge : analyse en matière de droits fondamentaux au Canada et en Afrique du Sud

Establishing fundamental rights texts over a broad diversity of countries offers the national constitutional judge a full field of study to interpret these rights. To give life to the text itself, it is common that national judges focus a lot on the methods applied in other states. This study will primarily be centered around how these judges use the comparative technique. Therefore, the use of this method in the judge's reasoning can often be seen as useful in order to be inspired by the work of others that came before him. Two states that stand out by the way they use the comparative method in their fundamental rights interpretation are Canada and South Africa. These two countries higher courts judges are using this method in a recurrent way, and thus providing a fertile ground for the analysis of the pros and cons, utilities and limits of this technique as a whole. The use of comparative law in the judge's reasoning is thus often useful, but is it always legitimate? Over the course of this study, we will dig deeper to take a closer look at the way judges are using the comparative method. Thus, we will note the utility as well as the dangers of resorting to foreign law in the practice of interpretating national fundamental texts.

Keyphrases: Constitution, Canada, Foreign Law, Comparative Law, Fundamentals rights, South Africa, Judges, Constitutional Courts
Identification des partenaires de gM du virus VHS-1 par BioID couplée à la spectrométrie de masse

Among the glycoproteins of HSV-1, glycoprotein M (gM) regulates the fusion between the envelope of the virus and the plasma membrane. gM is the first one of the viral glycoproteins to be detected in the nuclear membrane early in the viral cycle at 4 h post infection. However, the mechanism by which it’s targeted to the nuclear membrane, as well as for the host’s proteins, is still unknown. The knowns partners of gM that have been previously described by yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation do not appear to be involved in this targeting. Herein, we hypothesize that other viral and/or cellular proteins are involved. To investigate the likelihood of new gM partners, a BioID approach was used. Cell lines expressing gM coupled to BirA* and other control cell lines have been used and infected for 4 or 12 h with the ∆gM-2 HSV-1. The purified samples were then analyzed by mass spectrometry where 177 hits were identified. Among them, the proteins SNX1, SNX2, SCAMP3, VPS33B, MTMR6, TMEM43 and XPO6, all implicated in intracellular transport or in the integrity of the intern nuclear membrane, were chosen to validate their putative role in the delocalization of gM by siRNA. The target knockdowns were validated by RT-qPCR and further confirmed using immunofluorescence. Eventually, these targets will be further studied to assess their role in viral egress using plaque assay. In the future, this study will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of viral egress and eventually might provide a new model that could explain how gM and host proteins are being targeted to the nuclear membranes.

Keyphrases: herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), glycoprotein M (gM), nuclear membranes, Biotin-Identification (BioID), mass spectrometry, nuclear transport
Prise de décision quant au devenir d’une grossesse compliquée par une anomalie fœtale sévère : facteurs impliqués, impacts et considérations éthiques

In case of life-threatening fetal anomaly, women are confronted with the decision to terminate or to continue the pregnancy and have their child affected by a disease that could impact on his quality of life or life expectancy.  The purpose of this thesis is to have a better understanding of their decision-making process and offer tools so that clinicians can offer an appropriate decisional support.    In a qualitative study using grounded theory, ten interviews were conducted with women whose pregnancy was complicated be life-threatening fetal anomaly.  Results shows that women are at different states of their maternity process (posture) at the time of decision-making: assumed maternity and maternity project.  The decision in itself is not determined by the posture, but the posture will influence the reasons why the woman would choose to continue or terminate her pregnancy.  Different levels of clinician’s implication in the decision-making process are expected by women.  All women express the importance of receiving complete medical information, but only some women expect a clinician's active implication in their decision-making process.   Decision-making process for pregnancies complicated by life-threatening fetal anomaly is a complex phenomenon influenced by many non-medical factors.  The establishment of a therapeutic relationship consistent with the woman’s expectations might help her to take a decision in accordance with her wills and values.

Keyphrases: Recherche qualitative, Fetal anomaly, Pregnancy termination, Quality of life, Decision-making process, Therapeutic relationship, Shared decision-making process, Qualitative research, Grounded theory
Les épreuves du travail musical : la persévérance des musiciens et musiciennes au Québec

In this thesis, the musical practice of Quebec musicians is approached from the angle of work and its troubles. It is based on the analysis of work experiences of musicians and journalistic representations of success. This research is in the current of artistic work, that is to say the sociology of work which takes as object the artists and their practice. The originality of the subject lies in a change of focus where the work of musicians is no longer only understood in terms of precariousness, but perseverance. If all studies on artists describe particularly precarious employment conditions, how can their perseverance be explained? Perseverance as the guiding thread of the dissertation is operationalized by the notion of troubles. Beyond a vision of the pathways dotted with scattered troubles, the problematized notion becomes a convincing analytical operator. A first moment of the process describes the journalistic representations of musical work by the union magazine Entracte. This first look is then deepened by an analysis of interviews with musicians in Quebec. Freelance and the original project are the two main forms of musical work and are crossed by several troubles. From a synchronic point of view, the general feeling of lack of time is the manifestation of the typical trouble that comes to structure all these events, and which is characterized by a tension between making a « living » in music and « playing » music. Musicians must both pursue their artistic vision and consider it in terms of retribution. In a diachronic perspective, a more fundamental self-study comes to structure the experience of the musicians. They must find a way for them to « find their place » in a profession where the ways of exercising and the universes are multiple, facing identity troubles that act as contradictory injunctions.

Keyphrases: Musical work, Artistic work, Musicians, Troubles, Perseverance, Identity, Precariousness
Chiennes de vies : la relation anthropozoologique, un angle mort de l'intervention en itinérance?

As loyal companions, friends and confidants, nonhuman animals can become irreplaceable allies for homeless people. Yet this hybrid relationship does not seem to be addressed in social work issues. Despite the emergence of animal assisted care, it is not uncommon for the homeless animals to be excluded from those practices, and their presence to be marginalized, considered by social workers to fall outside their mandate. This paradoxical situation leads at the same time to the exclusion of people who, refusing separation from their animal mate, can not benefit from available resources: the homeless human-animal partners then become deviant among the deviants. Is it possible to give a legitimate place back to nonhuman animals in this context? Can they be both beneficial to social work, and at the same time benefit from it? Finally, in what way(s) can the human-animal relation (HAR) be considered in social work practices with homeless people? As part of this sociological study of deviance and HAR, we focus on the case of dogs in contemporary times, and more specifically their presence and participation in the community services welcoming homeless people in Montreal. After having identified the issues and the obstacles of taking HAR into account, we present and analyze two pilot initiatives illustrating the conditions and possible modalities of the hybridization of social work practices.

Keyphrases: Epreuve, Communauté hybride, Human animal relation, Deviance, Homeless, Dog, Social work, Care, Trial, Representations, Hybrid communities
L'expérience et les perceptions des personnes adoptées à l’international à la suite d’un contact virtuel avec leur famille biologique

International adoptees’ search for their origins is not an easy journey. Their search can be filled with difficulties associated with the reality of international adoption. These difficulties can be eased by the use of new communication technology. Studies show that while these virtual tools can be helpful, they can also complicate the lives of adopted people and their families. The present study’s aim is to explore internationally adopted adults’ experience and perceptions of virtual contact with their birth families. Individual semi-directed interviews were carried out with eight adopted adults who experienced the studied reality. Two focus groups were also conducted with internationally adopted adults who had not lived a virtual contact with their birth families in order to explore their views on the subject. A thematic analysis of the material gathered through these two procedures was done. Results reveal that virtual contact with their birth families can be destabilizing on different levels for adopted people. This contact is part of the search for origins journey, which is part of the search for self-journey. The knowledge produced by this study will enable professionals who work with international adopted people who are experiencing search and reunion difficulties to better orient their support in order to offer services that better take into consideration the different aspects of a virtually-initiated contact with biological families.

Keyphrases: international adoption, adult adoptees, search for origins, new communication technology, contact with the birth family