NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Le chemin qui marche : la pensée et le geste d'écriture chez Benjamin Fondane

Benjamin Fondane is a thinker and an artist of the twentieth century who is still relatively unknown to the academic community. However, his poetry and essays reveal an unusual flow of language and a concrete vision of human duality and practice of thought. “Le mal des fantômes,” Fondane’s central poem, is a image-laden incarnation of the human’s mental uneasiness in creating a disjunction between his or her intellectual reflexes, such as reason and the spirit of non-contradiction, and an intimate experience of the world, a disjunction that necessarily limits the mind to a mere portion of a larger, integral reality. In studying the “fantôme” trope – that is, the haunting figures of the literary tradition – in conjunction with the poem's discursive economy of the sea voyage, we seek to unveil the rhetorical ploys that Fondane mobilizes to counteract this malaise. Through writing and reading experimentation, he seeks a new paradigm of thinking that follows more closely unfolding human existence. By virtue of writing itself, thought travels, moves along, and regains both its vitality and transformative power. Moreover, considering the workings of Fondane’s thought enables us to examine the ongoing relationship between our own intellectual activity, writing, and thought.

Keyphrases: Benjamin Fondane, fantôme, voyage, Benjamin Fondane, writing, poetry, phantom, travel, language, spiritual exercise, duality
Factors that impact the sustainability of wait time management strategies for total
joint replacement surgeries in canadian provinces

In response to federal government requirements regarding wait times for elective hip and knee surgery, hospitals have adopted wait list management strategies, with variable success. This research examined organizational and systemic factors that made it possible to keep wait times within federally established limits of 6-12 months. We used a model based on Parsons’ model. Four dimensions were used to analyze the following factors: governance, culture, resources, and tools. Three cases studies were done: Case 1 was able to meet the requirements for six months but unable to sustain this level; Case 2 was able to maintain compliance with requirements for > 18 months; and Case 3 was never able to meet the requirements. Documents were collected and interviews conducted with people involved in the strategies. In all, eight interviews were conducted at each site and all documents related to each strategy were collected. The results indicated that the one hospital that was able to maintain compliance with the wait time requirements had specific characteristics: an exclusive mandate to do only hip and knee replacement surgery; motivated staff who were not distracted by other concerns; and a strong team spirit. The two other cases had to contend with a medical culture that was less homogeneous and they were less focused on meeting targets and had resources that were dispersed as well as unclear inter-organizational policies. In the end, the hospital factory model is appealing in the context of superspecialized surgery. However, because patients are selected for simple surgeries, with little risk of complications, it cannot be promoted as a sustainable model of excellence.

Keyphrases: Canada, Strategies, Wait, Times, Sustainability, Factors, Canada, Hip, Knee, Surgeries
Association entre la dépression et les comportements reliés aux habitudes de vie et
aux soins du diabète dans la population diabétique du Québec

Individuals with diabetes are at a greater risk of developing depression, an additional burden for their daily activities. The aim of our study is to determine the characteristics of individuals with depression, in a Quebec population of adults with diabetes. Hypothesis 1: adults in Quebec with diabetes and with depression (major and minor), compared to those without depression, will be more likely to have less healthy lifestyle and care related indicators, and poorer self-efficacy indicators related to control of body weight and amount of food eaten. Hypothesis 2: among adults in Quebec with type 2 diabetes, the association between depression and obesity will be affected by weight cycling and self-efficacy indicators. Hypothesis 3: adults in Quebec with type 2 diabetes who developed or maintained depression during a 12 month period will be more likely to worsen their lifestyle and self-efficacy related indicators. A telephone survey was conducted to recruit individuals with diabetes residing in Québec. Male and female adults, 18 to 80 years of age, were eligible to participate. A total of 3221 subjects were contacted at the beginning of the study; 2003 participated in the study (93% type 2) and 1234 participated in the 12 month follow-up survey. The prevalence of major and minor depression was 10.9% and 8.7%, respectively. Fifty three percent of subjects with major depression had two or three unhealthy indicators (smoking, inactivity or obesity), 33% of subjects were having minor depression and 21% of subjects were without depression. The results of logistic regression analyses indicated that depression was more likely to be associated with being female, less educated, not married, inactive, smoking, having a poor perception of controlling amount of food eaten, and testing blood glucose on a daily basis more frequently (p<0.05). Among individuals with type 2 diabetes, the association between depression and obesity was affected by the variables of weight cycling and self-efficacy. At the 12-month follow-up, 11.5% of subjects developed depression and 10% maintained their depressed state. Individuals who developed depression or maintained their depressed state were more likely to have been physically inactive at the start of the study or to have remained inactive at the 12-month follow-up, and to have maintained a perception of a poor control of body weight and amount of food eaten. However, changes in depression status were not associated with changes in body mass index. In conclusion, physical inactivity and poor self-efficacy play an important roles in the development and persistence of depression in diabetic patients,underlying the usefulness of acting on these multiple factors during treatment.

Keyphrases: Diabetes, Obesity, Tobacco, Physical activity, Body mass index, Weight cycling, Self-efficacity, Self monitoring blood glycose
Développement et validation de l'échelle de mesure du climat de santé mentale

This thesis has the objective to verify the construct validity and internal consistency of a new scale that measures mental health climate. It also aims to observe the convergent validity based on associations between dimensions of mental health climate and dimensions of burnout and well-being. The concept of mental health climate was developed by the Équipe de Recherche sur le Travail et la Santé Mentale. Therefore mental health climate is an important resource for workers to cope with difficulties that may arise in their workplace. Mental health climate is defined as the shared perceptions of policies, procedures and organizational practices that reflect a concern for stress and mental health at work. To validate this new scale of measurement we used the primary data of 40 civilians and police officers of the Service de Police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM).    According to the results the original scale of ten items needs to be reworked. We made a few changes on this scale to provide an accurate measurement scale of mental health climate of eight items or a short scale of three items. The results highlight the importance of managers to ensure a positive mental health climate within their organization.

Keyphrases: santé mentale, mental health climate, mental health, well-being, burnout
Deux mères, un donneur et des enfants : une reconfiguration des rôles familiaux?

It is generally acknowledged that today’s families come in a wide variety of forms. Reconstituted families, new reproductive technologies, international adoption and same-sex parents have become such a fixture in our social landscape that they are no longer surprising. The common characteristic of all these types of families is that they challenge the relationship between a couple’s sexuality and reproduction by introducing other people into the process of conceiving or educating children. In spite of the diversity of contemporary family structures, however, a certain representation of the family persists based on the blood relationship between its various members: a child’s “real” parents are still considered to be his or her biological parents (Déchaux, 2007; Deliège, 2005; Fine, 2010). There is also an emerging discourse centred on the importance of the father in a child’s development and well-being, to the extent that the absence of a father in the family home is increasingly conceptualized as a major social problem (Kelly, 2008). Research shows that father involvement benefits children as well as their mother and father. Of particular interest in this context are lesbian-parented families whose children were conceived by a known donor. The objective of this thesis is to better understand the role of the donor in lesbian-parented families—what place the mothers allow the donor in their parenting project. To better understand how this role is currently evolving, we interviewed nine lesbian couples and the nine donors who participated in their parenting project. The results show that the donors are involved to varying degrees, depending on the extent to which the child’s mothers have adopted or distanced themselves from the traditional nuclear family model.

Keyphrases: Lesbian-parented families, Known donor, Social representations, Parenthood, Kinship, Fatherhood
Analyse du regard de trois quotidiens français sur l'Algérie postcoloniale : 1962-1971

The collapse of the French colonial empire begins in the 1950s. After losing its colonies in Morocco and Indochina, France was faced with the secession of its most important colony, Algeria. The French had difficulty accepting the separation as it not only represented the fall of the colonial empire, but the destruction of cherished dreams. More than fearing losing their status as a colonial power, the French fear they will also lose their world great power status and their vision of being a country with a mission civilisatrice. To understand the evolution in the perception the French had of Algeria after the Algerian decolonization through various schools of thought, this thesis looks at editorials published in three French newspapers (Le Figaro, L’Humanité and Le Monde) between 1962 and 1971, which covered events taking place in Algeria. More specifically, this thesis examines OAS terrorist action in the period between the Évian Accords and the Algerian referendum, the conflict within the National Liberation Front (FLN) to decide who would be in power, the conflict with the Socialist Forces Front (SFF), the war with Morocco, the Boumedienne coup d’état and the nationalization of Algerian oil.

Keyphrases: France, FLN, Ben Bella, Boumedienne, Le Monde, L’Humanité, Le Figaro, OAS, Algeria, Decolonization, Colonization, French journals
Agressivité physique à l'enfance et criminalité à l'âge adulte : effet modérateur de la consommation d'alcool et de cannabis à l'adolescence

Individuals exhibiting high levels of physical aggression during childhood are more at risk of criminal behaviors during adulthood regardless of the presence of several risk factors. Aggressive children are also more at risk of using psychoactive substances during adolescence. Studies of the relationship between substance use and crime have provided different conclusions, depending on the substance under consideration and depending on the category of crime. Alcohol consumption has been positively associated with crimes, both against people and against property. Cannabis consumption has been associated positively with crime against property and negatively with crime against people. This present study aimed at investigating the hypothesis that physical aggression manifested in childhood is associated with an increase in criminal charges during adulthood and that association is specific to the type of crime and moderated differentially by alcohol and cannabis use. To this end, 887 male participants from lower socioeconomic status were followed from age 6 to age 25. Multinomial logistic regressions indicate that individuals belonging to a moderate or a high trajectory of physical aggression during childhood are more likely to commit crimes later in adulthood. This association remains significant after control of family adversity and drug use. Alcohol and cannabis use during adolescence has no effect on this association. However, main effects of alcohol use on crimes against person and cannabis use on crimes against property are observed. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Keyphrases: Cannabis, Physical aggression, Trajectories, Alcohol, Drugs, Criminality, Family adversity
Les systèmes super intégrables d’ordre trois séparables en coordonnées paraboliques

This thesis is a contribution to the study of classical and quantum superintegrability in a two-dimensional Euclidean space involving a third order integral of motion. It consists of an article. Because the classifications of all separable hamiltonians into Cartesian and polar coordinates are already complete, we bring to this picture the study of those systems in parabolic coordinates. First, we derive the determinating equations of a system into parabolic coordinates, after which we solve the obtained equations in order to find integrals of order three for potentials, which allow the separations of variables into the parabolic coordinates. Finally, we prove that all the third order integrals for separable potentials in parabolic coordinates in the Euclidean space of dimension two are reducible. In the conclusion of this article, we analyze the differences between the separable potentials in Cartesian and polar coordinates and the separable potentials in parabolic coordinates. Keywords: integrability, superintegrability, classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, Hamiltonian, separation of variables, commutation.

Keyphrases: integrability, superintegrability, classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, Hamiltonian, separation of variables, commutation
Symbolique florale dans le tableau de Jean-Baptiste Belin de Fontenay Vase d’or, fleurs et buste de Louis XIV (1687)

The painting by Jean-Baptiste Belin de Fontenay, Vase d’or, fleurs et buste de Louis XIV, is a reception piece of the french academician painter to the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in 1687.        Unfortunately having been little studied, this painting reveals three very interesting issues. First of all, it contain three kind of painting in one composition: still life, portrait and history painting, illustrated respectively by the flowers, the bust of Louis XIV and the piece of armor. The combination of these three types in a still life is uncommon in the 17th century French painting. It is therefore necessary to check if there is a link between the flowers, the picture of Louis XIV and the armor. Then, the contrast between the polychrome of the flowers and the monochrome of the sculpture and furniture is striking, it is possible to associate this contrast to the phenomenon of the debates between drawing and color of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture during the second half of the 17th century. Moreover, the flowers, which were not the central subject in the original program of Le Brun, become the main subject of the table and occupy a more important place than the bust of Louis XIV. This change has not shocked the judges of the Academy since the painting was accepted without question. It therefore leads to think about the hierarchy of genres of painting, which was the official doctrine of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture at the time.       The core of this research is to see if the flowers occupy a mere decorative function, or whether they may be associated with symbols. Our research will verify the employ of floral symbols in French culture of the 17th century and then developed this employ not only in the political field, which means the flowers are in praise of Louis XIV, but also in the aesthetics domain, that is to say how the painting reflects by employing floral symbols the evolution of the theories of art in France during the second half of the 17th century, the hierarchy of genres of painting and the debates between drawing and color.

Keyphrases: Belin de Fontenay, Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, French painting, Still life, Flowers symbolic, Belin de Fontenay, Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture
La face et la figuration: une analyse interactionnelle tirée de l’instruction de base des Forces canadiennes

The subject of this thesis originates from a desire to integrate my research with my personal experience with the Canadian Forces (CF). As a result, I had the idea to study how face and facework emerge during basic training. Taking a communicative/interactional approach, I focused on the facework of a student during three interactions with his superiors. Specifically, I used shadowing and conversation analysis (CA) to examine this issue. This project offers important contributions to a topic that has not yet been addressed from the perspective I develop in this study, and few studies have looked at this topic in the context of the CF. Hence, this study aims to enrich theory by refining the concepts of face and facework. In addition, is aims to inform practice by highlighting communicative practices that are difficult to observe in the ordinary course of military activities.

Keyphrases: Face, Face, Facework, Socialization, Canadian Forces, Shadowing, Conversation analysis, Trouble, Trouble
Riboswitches : le cas des atténuateurs de la transcription du type terminateur/antiterminateur chez les bactéries

It is essential for each organism to have the possibility to regulate its functions to allow its survival and improve its capacity to reproduce in different environments. With the information available, it is apparent that most organisms dedicate an important piece of their genetic material to regulating functions. We could think that certain regulating mechanisms have most likely persisted over time because they fulfilled their roles.  The first prokaryotes studies indicated that there are few regulating mechanisms that take control over genes, but it has been proven that a variety of these mechanisms are used in the regulation of genes and operons. In particular, the bacterial operons involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids, tRNA synthetase, the degradation of amino acids, the ribosomal proteins and RNA ribosomal could be controlled by transcription attenuation. This mechanism of regulation differs from others for the creation of two different structures of the mRNA where one of these structures represses the gene in 3’ and the other one allows the transcription/translation to continue.  In this work, I’m interested in the mechanism of transcription attenuation in prokaryotes where no molecule appears to act as a regulatory factor. In particular, I’m interested in the regulation of bacterial operons. The principal goal of this work is to present a new method for detecting riboswitches that combines the traditional research of these elements with the structural research by incorporating the study of mRNA folding.    This thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 is a review of the literature on RNA and an overview of the regulatory mechanism of gene expression in prokaryotes. Chapter 2 and 3 present the method developed for this work and its implementation in new software, TA-Search. Finally, Chapter 4 is dedicated to providing a discussion and conclusion for this work.

Keyphrases: RNA, Riboswitch, Transcription attenuation, RNA secondary structure, RNA folding
Native Spiritual Appropriation : Words of Power, Relations of Power - Creating Stories & Identities

Cultural appropriation is a very wide spread and essentially timeless phenomenon. Cultural appropriation is defined as “the taking- from a culture that is not one’s own- of intellectual property, cultural expressions or artifacts, history and ways of knowledge” (Ziff and Rao 1997: 1). This includes all aspects of spirituality, sacred items, values, stories and rites. Appropriation is closely linked to power relations and politics. With the rise of popularity of shamanism and neo-shamanism in Western society, the Indigenous people of North America (and Australia) are voicing their concerns, disapproval and opinions with regards to Western people appropriating Native ceremonies, rituals and sacred beliefs. Through the discourse of countering appropriation the Indigenous, people are (re)gaining and (re)creating an identity which had been neglected, suppressed and assimilated during the course of colonization. It is through the medium of writing in the academic, as well as non-academic, and the sharing of practices with other Natives (Pan-Indianism) that an identity is created. Native authors are challenging the status quo and engage, contribute and advance the debate of spiritual appropriation, power relations and neo-colonialism. The arguments and opinions with regards to spiritual appropriation presented here range from cultural genocide, sexual abuse, neo-colonialism, and disrespect to concern of improper use that can be dangerous for the user/practitioner. By engaging in the debate Indigenous culture is engaging in the healing process (Episkenew 2009).  By participating in the debate of spiritual appropriation the Indigenous people are actively engaging in (re)defining their identity. It is this active engagement that allows healing to take place. The thesis brings together some of the current, Native authors and examines their opinions. The importance of the story and the word as creating identities is explored. By using diverse literature, some texts focusing on medicine, sociology, religion and consumer culture the debate of spiritual appropriation and the link to identity and politics is made more explicit.

Keyphrases: Spiritual appropriation, Neo-shamanism, Shamanism, Identity, Indigenous resistance, Healing process
Importance de la phosphorylation de la ligase Itch dans la reconnaissance et l'ubiquitylation des protéines à domaine SH3

Itch is an ubiquitin ligase involved in protein recognition and degradation by the proteasome. Itch has three phosphorylation sites targeted by JNK. These sites overlap a small proline rich domain responsible for Itch binding to SH3 domain proteins. Phosphorylation of Itch is important for Itch interaction with c-Jun and JunB. However, little is known about Itch interaction with SH3 proteins and the impact of phosphorylation on Itch ability to recognize and ubiquitinate SH3 proteins. We created a phosphomimic mutant of Itch and a mutant of Itch that cannot be phosphorylated by JNK. We tested these mutants in interaction and ubiquitination assays to determine their effect on Itch ability to bind and ubiquitinate Endophilin, an SH3 domain protein. Phosphorylation is not a prerequisite for Itch binding to Endophilin but phosphorylation of Itch modulates Itch ability to ubiquitinate Endophilin. Phosphorylation of Itch also modulates Endophilin fate, as phosphomimic Itch induces degradation of Endophilin compared to non-phosphorylated Itch. These results show that phosphorylation regulates Itch activity towards differents substrates in different ways.

Keyphrases: Itch, phosphorylation, JNK, ubiquitination, Endophilin, interaction, SH3 proteins