NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Les valeurs des ergothérapeutes : résultats quantitatifs d’une étude exploratoire

Recent interest for the values in occupational therapy and of occupational therapists can be observed in the literature, because such values are at the heart of professional identity. Yet, studies have reported that many occupational therapists have an ambiguous professional identity and important diversity exists in academic publications regarding these values. This study aimed at determining the importance that is granted by occupational therapists to the values of occupational therapy and the values reported by occupational therapists in the literature. We wanted to verify associations between the importance granted to these values, as well as a) the number of years of professional experience and b) the fact of having undertaken training in ethics. Finally, our study also had as an objective to examine if the importance granted to specific values differed depending on the university or the professional training. A survey containing socio- demographic questions and ratings of 60 values was completed by 26 occupational therapists trained and working in Quebec. Spearman correlations, a Kruskal- Wallis test and a Mann-Whitney test were conducted. The values considered the most important by the largest and smallest number of participants were identified. Statistically significant associations were observed between the importance granted to certain values and the number of years of professional experience, having had training in ethics, and the University where this training was obtained. This exploratory study has permitted us to identify tendencies that deserve to be confirmed by a larger scale study. Our conclusions are innovative, because this is the first study reporting such associations.

Keyphrases: occupational therapy, values, ethics, professional identity, mixed methods, axiology
La production culturelle à l'ère de la convergence au Québec : analyse de la circulation d'Occupation Double de Quebecor

This thesis is devoted to cultural production in the context of convergence in Quebec. In the first chapter, I demonstrate how different elements have come to shape the contemporary cultural production in Quebec and how media convergence may influence the production and publication of cultural texts. I also expose the foundations of an approach of circulation through which I propose to construct theoretically the subject of my study. The second chapter is devoted to the methodological approach that led to my research. I first presented the field of analysis, the reality TV Occupation Double, as an intertextual phenomenon which I study the various configurations across the main platforms of Quebecor. I continue by describing the corpus of texts under study and the main parameters of analysis inspired by the theory of circulation and the chosen intertextual method. The third chapter reveals the results of analysis, with two media channels which allowed me to observe the possibilities of emergence of characters built around the contestants in reality TV Occupation Double. I initiate a subsequent line of thought on the creation of zones of intimacy performed by these characters. In conclusion, I look back on the evolution of my research and findings and offer a reflection on performed intimacy and possibly approached types to endorse it.

Keyphrases: Convergence, Circulation, Cultural production, Convergence, Quebec media, Circulation, Reality TV, Characters, Intimacy
Enjeux de la lecture institutionnelle de scénarios de longs métrages de fiction au Québec

Our purpose in this study is to focus on the specific phenomenon of screenplay reading in Quebec institutional context. We’ll analyze a corpus of one hundred seventy two screenplay reading reports for feature fiction films, written between 1972 and 2004. There is, to our knowledge, no specific study on reading reports texts. At first, we’ll situate function and place of the scenario in Quebec fiction film production history, between acceptance and rejection. Then, we will look at how scenarios are read: by whom, how, under what conditions and with what objectives. Finally, using a grounded theory analysis, we will determine, based on the commentaries founded in the reading reports texts, five entities from which the reader settled his judgment: the screenwriter, the screenplay, the reader himself, the film forthcoming and the expected viewer we’ll call fictitious viewer. We’ll conclude that the screenplay reader is a mediator between a text and its author on one hand, and a forthcoming movie with his fictitious viewer on the other hand. This mediation is the convergence center of different expectations, those of the readers, authors, producers and institutions.

Keyphrases: Financement, Institutions, Movie, Screenplay, Reading report, Reader, Fictitious viewer, Quebec, Funding, Industry of
A Synergistic Approach to Human Rights and Public Health Ethics: Effective or a Source of Conflict?

Concerns over the growing disparities in health and wealth between members of society incited Stephanie Nixon and Lisa Forman, in their 2008 article Exploring synergies between human rights and public health ethics: A whole greater than the sum of its parts, to propose that the principles of human rights and public health ethics should be used in combination to develop norms for health action. This commentary reflects on the benefits as well as the difficulties that could arise from taking such an approach.

Keyphrases: public health, ethics, human rights
An Analysis of Laypeople’s Beliefs Regarding the Origins of Their Worst Nightmare

Nightmares, usually defined as disturbing dreams that awaken the sleeper, are common in the general population. While many studies have examined the aetiological and psychological correlates of nightmares, very few have focused on laypeople’s conceptions of the underlying causes of their own nightmares. The first goal of the present study was to address the paucity of findings with regards to this question by investigating laypeople’s causal beliefs about their worst nightmare experience. A secondary goal was to examine whether these beliefs varied as a function of participants’ gender, age of nightmare occurrence, and recurrence of the nightmare itself. Five hundred and eighty-three adult participants were surveyed with a sleep and dream questionnaire that included an item asking participants to detail the factors they believed were at the origin of their worst nightmare. Responses were categorized according to a coding protocol. The results showed that : 1) The three most frequently reported categories for explaining the occurrence of people’s worst nightmare were interpersonal relationships, attributions of unknown or nonexistent causality, and mediums of entertainment; 2) Women were more likely than men to attribute their worst nightmare to factors related to interpersonal relationships; 3) Some attributions for people’s worst nightmares varied depending on whether the worst nightmare had occurred during childhood, adolescence, or adulthood; and 4) Worst nightmares that were recurrent in nature were more likely to be attributed to categories pertaining to specific phobias and negative emotions than non-recurrent worst nightmares. Interestingly, many of the lay beliefs endorsed in the present study were in line with empirical and theoretical studies on the causes of nightmares and also often paralleled waking preoccupations and pastimes that have been found to differ as a function of gender and stages of human development (i.e., infancy, adolescence, and adulthood).

Keyphrases: Worst nightmare origins, Lay beliefs, Gender, Age of occurrence, Recurrence, Clinical psychology
The Gaia Commission: Climate Change and Moral Responsibility

This short story is set in the future. In it, Francis, a retired professor of bioethics, is scheduled to appear before the Gaia Commission to account for his carbon emissions. Because his carbon emissions contributed to climate change, which harmed people and destroyed ecosystems, he is charged with recklessness, negligence, and indifference. He seems to have lived a modest and responsible life, except for the carbon emissions that he generated by flying long distances to attend ethics conferences and to give lectures. The narrator of the story is assigned to defend Francis before the Gaia Commission, so he contacts Francis to learn more about the case and to prepare a defense. The two of them examine Francis’ conduct and thinking. This fictional account raises ethical issues for all of us who have high carbon footprints, but especially for those of us who work in bioethics.

Keyphrases: responsabilité morale, réactivité, climate change, carbon emissions, air travel, bioethics, moral responsibility, responsiveness
Entre désincarnation et réincarnation : la poétique du corps dans le récit d'un soi anorexique suivi de Carnet d'une désincarnée

My research questions the relation between anorexia and writing, omnipotent in literature, but which the question of self-writing is still really obscure; the potential of reincarnation of the ascetic individual through writing being barely tackled. Amélie Nothomb (Biographie de la faim) and Geneviève Brisac (Petite) have been both remembering themselves, through autobiographical novels, their anorexic past through an ascetic poetic in itself. Analysing this textual performativity, as well as writing process such as self-mockery and narrative detachment solicited by these authors, my essay observes that these poetical features lead altogether to an independent corporeal reincarnation of the anorexic body into literary work, and therefore, draw a new vision on the past sufferings. Taking the form of a fragmented text sealed by an autofictionnal pact, Carnet d’une désincarnée (Disembodied’s Diary) experiment the reminiscence of my adolescence marked by anorexia. In this way, each fragment recall, using the pronoun « I » as talking to myself, an isolated situation of a routine in a perpetual battle with the self, battle which the unique goal is disembodiment. Further to this disembodiment, the objective of my project was to reincarnate myself with words through the production of a diary made out of flesh and bones. In between fiction and reality, Carnet d’une désincarnée is exploring the possibility of creating a performative text that projected the emaciation of anorexia, becoming a barebonned but alive body in itself.

Keyphrases: autofiction, Amélie Nothomb, Geneviève Brisac, anorexia, asceticism, autobiographical novel, writing size zero, performativity, self-mockery, narrative detachment
Acute inactivation of the contralesional hemisphere for longer durations improves recovery after cortical injury

With the introduction of non-invasive brain stimulation methods aimed at modulating the excitability of cortical areas after stroke, many groups are intensively investigating the effects of inhibition of the contralesional hemisphere on functional recovery. Although the reported results of these studies are very promising, limitations of enrolling acute stroke patients as well as technical difficult of establishing continuous inhibition protocols have left several open ended questions regarding the treatment parameters and patient selection. For example, the efficacy of inhibition treatment in acute setting after stroke and the effect of treatment duration are two questions that are virtually unexplored. Therefore, in the laboratory of Prof. Numa Dancause, we took advantage of a well established rodent model of cortical ischemic lesion to gain direct and objective insight about the importance of contralesional inactivation on motor recovery of the paretic limb. Using an Endothelin-1 rodent model of ischemic cortical lesion, we pharmacologically inactivated the contralesional hemisphere with a GABA agonist (Muscimol). By doing so we were interested in the effect of early treatment when contralesional inactivation is initiated rapidly after the lesion. Early after induction of cortical ischemic lesion, the contralesional hemisphere was inactivated with continuous infusion of the Muscimol for 3, 7 or 14 days in three different groups of animals. In a fourth group, Muscimol was infused at slower rate for 14 days to provide additional insights on the relation between the effects of inactivation on the non-paretic forelimb behavior and the recovery of the paretic forelimb. We included a group of animals with spontaneous recovery that received no inactivation after lesion.  Our results indicated that increasing inactivation duration (from 3 to 14 days) accelerated the recovery of grasping function. Both groups with 14 days of inactivation had similar recovery profiles and performed better than animals that spontaneously recovered. In fact, the duration of inactivation, not the intensity, correlated with the better functional outcomes.  Our results support early contralesional inactivation to improve recovery of the paretic forelimb after cortical lesion. Moreover, based on our results, the duration of inactivation is the most important factor to correlate with the functional outcomes. Therefore, by providing precise temporal and behavioral evidence, our results provide a window of opportunity for the researchers in which the current gap in our understanding of the clinical efficacy of contralesional inhibition in acute phase after stroke can be approached with more confidence.

Keyphrases: Avant-bras, Inhibition, Inactivation, Rat, Contralesional, Forelimb, Cortical lesion, Stroke, Recovery, Rodent, Endothelin1, Muscimol
Evidence for a reference frame transformation of vestibular contributions to voluntary reaching movements

Vestibular signals provide self-motion estimates that contribute to the planning and execution of voluntary reaching movements during body motion. However, because the vestibular sensors are fixed in the head whereas the arm is fixed to the trunk vestibular signals must be transformed from a head-centered to a body-centered reference frame to contribute appropriately to limb motor control. The first goal of the current work was to investigate the evidence for such a transformation. To do so we used galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) to selectively activate vestibular afferents and simulate rotation about a fixed roughly naso-occipital axis as human subjects performed reaching movements with the head in different orientations. If vestibular signals that contribute to reaching are transformed to body-centered coordinates, then with the head upright GVS should simulate mainly tilt about an earth-horizontal axis (roll), whereas with the head pitched forward the same stimulus should simulate rotation about an earth-vertical axis (yaw). We therefore predicted that GVS should perturb horizontal-plane reach trajectories in a head-orientation dependent manner. Our results demonstrate that vestibular signals which contribute to reaching are indeed transformed to a body-centered reference frame. The second goal of this work was to explore the mechanisms that use these transformed vestibular signals. By comparing the effect of GVS applied during versus prior to reaching we also provide evidence that transformed vestibular signals contribute to distinct compensation mechanisms for body motion during reach planning versus execution.

Keyphrases: Reference frame transformation, Reaching, Vestibular, Galvanic stimulation
Facteurs socioéconomiques associés à l’usage des médicaments psychotropes chez les hommes et les femmes âgés de 65 à 74 ans vivant dans la communauté : l’étude internationale sur la mobilité des personnes âgées (IMIAS)

Study’s Objective: to estimate the association between socioeconomic position and use of psychotropic drugs in five diverse populations with 65-74 years of age. Method: The study sample was composed by 1,995 persons from the 2012 baseline data of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) with 401 participants from Saint-Hyacinthe (Quebec), 398 from Kingston (Ontario), 394 elderly from Tirana (Albania), 400 from Manizales (Colombia) and 402 from Natal (Brazil). All psychotropic drugs consumed during the last 15 days were identified during a home visit and coded according to the ATC classification. Psychotropic medication included anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics (ASH), antidepressants (ADP) and analgesics/anti-epileptic/AntiParkinson (AEP). The associations between the prevalence in the consumption of psychotropic medications and education, income and occupation were estimated with prevalence ratios (PR) obtained by fitting a Poisson regression and using Andersen and Newman’s behavioral model for use of health services and controlling for needs (chronic medical conditions and depression), predisposing factors (age and sex) and  facilitating factors (using the study site as proxy for health system and environmental facilitating factors). Results: older people living in Canadian sites consumed more psychotropic medications than those outside of Canada, older people in Manizales people consumed less ASH and the elderly of Albania did not consume ADP. Socioeconomic inequalities varied by site. In Canadian sites, low socioeconomic position was associated with more consumption of psychotropic medication: in particular, those with low education consumed plus des antidepresseurs and those with low income consumed more analgesics.  In the Latin American research sites, the opposite patttern emerged, since those with higher education and higher income consumed more antidepresseurs and those with manual occupations consumed more analgesics. In Tirana (Albania), there was no consumption of antidepressive medication, but consumption of ASH was higher in those with lower income. Final multivariate analyses hid these across sites differences that are revealed in specific analyses through Canada, Latin America and Albania. Conclusion: There are socioéconomic inequalities related to the consumption of psychotropic drugs in the elderly population. These inequalities varied by site. Use of psychotropic medication was more frequent among the less educated and poorer people in Canada while the opposite was true in the Latin America sites. Albania was caracterized by the absence of antidepressant medication and a higher use of anxyiolitics in the lower income groups.

Keyphrases: Socioeconomic, factors, psychotropic, drugs, elderly
Interventions infirmières en regard du phénomène de l’automutilation en milieu pédopsychiatrique : étude qualitative exploratoire

Nurses in the field of child psychiatry are familiar with the phenomenon of self-harm among adolescents because, when the situation arises, they are often called upon to intervene. However, sometimes misunderstandings, misperceptions and negatives attitudes in regard to self-harm may impair their ability to work with the patients involved.  This study seeks to explore self-harm from the standpoint of nurses in child psychiatry, describe recommended nursing interventions and outline organizational-context factors that may affect the way these interventions are executed.   An exploratory qualitative research approach was adopted, and several data-gathering methods were used, including interviews with participants and a period of observation in the unit in which the study was conducted. Analysis of the verbatim records in accordance with the procedure developed by Tesch (1990) elicited seven categories of nursing interventions: helping relationships, guidance, evaluation, safety, teaching, emotions and perceptions of self-harm, and prevention of social contamination. Three categories of factors that influence these interventions also emerged: interpersonal team work, nurses’ duties in child psychiatry, and the organizational culture in which members of the care team operate.   The results of this study will help nurses better understand adolescent self-harm. The study further suggests possible approaches that might help nurses in child psychiatry improve their interventions. The findings may also make it possible for the management of institutions to bring about changes, particularly in terms of work organization and training for nurses in the field.

Keyphrases: étude qualitative, self-mutilation, self-harm, self-injurious behaviors, psychiatry, nursing interventions, organizational context factors, adolescents, qualitative study
Genomic architecture of sickle cell disease clinical variation in children from West Africa : a case-control study design

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an important public health issue, particularly in Africa. Phenotypic heterogeneity of SCD is problematic for follow-up and treatment of patients. Little is known about the underlying genomic architecture responsible for this variation.  Rationale: Understanding the genetic contribution to the inter-patient variability will help in identifying patients at risk of developing more severe clinical outcomes, as well as help guide future developments for treatment options. Objectives: To characterize genome-wide gene expression patterns associated with SCD clinical severities and to identify genetic regulators of this variation. More specifically, our objectives were to associate gene expression profiles with SCD severity, identify transciptional biomarkers, characterise the genetic control of gene expression variation, and propose drug targets.  Methods: A case-control population of 250 SCD patients and 61 unaffected siblings from the National SCD Center in Benin were recruited. Genome-wide gene expression profiles and genotypic data were generated. Results: Genome-wide gene expression patterns associated with SCD clinical variation were enriched in B-lymphocyte development, platelet activation, stress, inflammation and cell proliferation pathways. Transcriptional biomarkers that can discriminate SCD patients with respect to clinical severities were identified. Hundreds of genetic regulators were significantly associated with gene expression variation and potential drug targets are suggested. Conclusion: This work improves our understanding of the biological basis of SCD clinical variation and has the potential to guide development of targeted treatments for SCD patients.

Keyphrases: eSNP, Expression, Sickle cell disease, Genomics, eSNP, Transcriptomics, Biomarkers, Drug repurposing, Sub-saharan Africa