NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Écrire la théorie littéraire : l'œuvre littéraire de John Cage et la révision du commentaire critique

The following text, despite its onomastic labelling (the name “John Cage”), its disciplinary orientation (“literary theory”), and its thematic aim (“the revision of the literary commentary”), positions itself as a writing and creative venture. It starts by stating the strict identity of texts and metatexts, in other words, of the quoted, analyzed voice, with the quoting, analyzing other voice. This premise derives from a specific confrontation: the specificities and idiosyncrasies of John Cage’s literary production since the late 1940s (the literary scores from the anthologies Silence and A Year from Monday, the mesostics from M and X, the rewritings and “Writing through’s” from Empty Words…). Indeed, the examination by literary theory of a body of work as disseminated and “neological” as John Cage’s encourages the literary critic or theoretician to ask the question of his own writing (“self-reflexivity”) and also to make possible an original artistic realization (“performativity”). It is therefore through the possibilities of a language and of a subjectivity at work that the (textual) theorization of texts tries herein to elucidate and to write itself.    This work starts by setting up the modalities both circular and circulatory of literary theory—a rhetorical and epistemological tension that will be identified as the “self-reflexive aporia” (the theoretical text is primarily concerned by the question of itself). It then tries to analyze the novelty of Cage’s literary work, using a dialectical and antagonistic configuration: on one hand, an “objective textuality”, original and orthographical; on the other hand, a “subjective textuality”, disseminating and intertextual, anarchic and unrestrained. Finally, this text proposes the revision, recomposition and “rewriting” of the critical commentary on the basis of a new self-reflexive and performative textology. That is: a sort of undiscipline in  writing that knowingly manoeuvres the linguistic coordinates of its elocution (neology, typographism, quotation processes…) and that does not try to conceal or repress the intertextual, contextual, heterogenous and disparate personality of its author. Through a sort of “textual exemplarity” (Cage), this work insists on a synthesis both productive and expressive between the voices analyzing and the voices being analyzed. We will see accordingly that this proposition implies, from time to time, that the text be marginalized.

Keyphrases: John Cage (1912-1992), Jacques Derrida (1930-2004), Literary theory, Self-reflexivity, Performativity, Intertextuality, Textuality, Literary creation, Mesostics, Rewriting, Metatext, Critical commentary
Les marques du diable et les signes de l'Autre : rhétorique du dire démonologique à la fin de la Renaissance

How did the motive of the Devil's Mark wend its way through the theological, legal and medical discourse at the end of the Renaissance to such a point that it became a critical component of the crime of witchcraft? Through what mechanisms and what belief systems did this idea of the Devil's Mark become so widely disseminated and greatly accepted among both the scholars and the general public? In a period marked by the Great Witch Hunt, as well as the development of scientific investigation, the fact that the scholars are interested in this strange semiotics is a very interesting starting point to address head-on the shift in boundaries that demonology brought about within these different fields of knowledge. The purpose of this thesis is to study the network of the epistemological mutations that shaped how the Devil's Mark emerged in French demonological knowledge between the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century. We will review how diabolical otherness gradually became internalized in the individuals' heart and soul under the increasingly powerful influence of empiricism, experimental method, and observation. We will analyze the rhetorical construction surrounding the Devil's Mark theory and relate it to the changes that took place in the intellectual platform of the Ancien Régime in order to shed light on the new classification that appeared between natural and supernatural facts, as well as on the rhetorical strategies used to report on them.

Keyphrases: Renaissance, demonology, Renaissance, Devil's Mark, otherness, rhetoric, empiricism
Modèle novateur de conception d’interface humain-ordinateur centrée sur l’utilisateur : le designer en tant que médiateur

In complex design projects, problems typically arise when the design process is undertaken by multi-disciplinary groups of experts as well as non-experts because they do not share a common vision about the user’s needs, do not have identical goals related to the task, and do not have a common language to have productive dialogues as the design process progresses.   This research addressed issues related to the human-centered design approach within the context of human-computer interfaces (HCI). It explored ways in which a designer can create conditions whereby various contributors involved in the design process can benefit from the potential that the multi-disciplinary context afford to enrich their personal knowledge and reflection and at the same time work efficiently and collaboratively to design an interface that is user centered.  The research used a mixed methodology. In the first instance, a project-grounded research (research through design) was used in three successive case studies with increasing degrees of intervention and control by the researcher. Project-grounded research involves the development of knowledge and theory related to the design activity in an authentic design project. The focus of the first case was for the designer/researcher to observe her role and interaction with others during the design process. In the second case, the focus shifted to the collaborative interactions. The design process was used as a method to foster consensus building and the adoption of a common language to communicate and mutual goals to aim for. Limitations identified in these two cases led to the design of an intervention that was implemented in the third case. This intervention comprised an intensive workshop whereby team members engaged in an interdisciplinary attitude building exercise leading to joint-reflective practice toward achieving the goal which was to create a website. Data generated from these three cases informed the development of a theoretical model that represents steps of “optimal” collaborative design process, focusing on user-centeredness. In this model, the designer is attributed the additional and central role of mediator (designer as mediator) that facilitates the convergence of disparate foci and ways of thinking.  In the second instance, the model was presented to three design experts individually for validation purposes. Interview data collected from this process affirmed the validity of the concepts and relations depicted in the model as well as its transferability potential to other complex contexts. The proposed model has the promise of structuring design activities to unfold in a more efficient and timely manner while being sustainable.

Keyphrases: Theoretical design model, Project-grounded approach, User-centered design, Designer mediator, Interdisciplinary, HCI
La enseñanza del español a adultos mayores en Quebec : experiencia de talleres prácticos

The demographic growth of the senior population in the last third of the XX century, and their desire to choose a productive retirement which allows them to reinvent themselves in this new stage of their life, have resulted in changes in the environment in the classroom of formal and informal educational institutions in Quebec. Today’s seniors return to school with very different objectives from the time they were teenagers or university students, when education was connected to career goals and social advancement. They want to return for personal growth through life-long learning. Actually, as our population ages, Third Age Education has become increasingly important along with the area of Gerontagogy (branch of Gerontology) which addresses the learning needs of seniors. In addition, the role of the Universities of Third Age and other institutions such the Elder Hostels and Community Centers dedicated to seniors becomes more important. In this context, and based on our own experience as an instructor of Spanish workshops at a university in the province of Quebec, we introduce some of the methodologies and strategies applied in our courses of Spanish foreign language (ELE). These methodologies and strategies are summarized in our teacher diary. The teacher diary will help us to observe the level of effectiveness of these strategies in conversation workshops, which in turn, will allow for the creation of our own methodological approach. Hopefully this will help other Spanish teachers of seniors.

Keyphrases: Seniors, Second language acquisition, Spanish foreign language, Conversation workshops, University of Third Age
Cioran ou le mal de foi : les vestiges du sacré dans l'écriture

The secularization process characteristic of 20th century Western thought has wrought profound change in our modern view of the sacred. Indeed, The disintegration of traditional representations of the sacred has left a mainly existential and spiritual void where, previously, certain contents of these representations allowed one to find a personal space in relation to, and within, the Universal – in other words, to find one’s place in the world and its organizing institutions – and to invest such a space with shared, accepted and understood meaning. However, this decaying process is not without producing a residual which literature can gather: vestiges of a sacred in transformation – a sacred which also remains the object of a search. Cioran’s writing is exemplary in this respect. Not only is it a depository for the remains of the sacred, it is also the tool or the medium, the striving path of its pursuit. His torn writing, ridden with existential angst and profound doubt, bears witness to a refusal – presented as an inability – to subscribe to outdated traditional representations of the sacred. Neither completely philosophical nor literary, thereby generally considered unclassifiable by scholars, Cioran’s oeuvre brings attention to the importance of literature as a modality of the mind. Cioran’s oeuvre brings to light literature’s role within thought as a space where a search for a sacred that lies beyond its traditional framework might manifest itself, but also as a means of undertaking a freer, more personal, search for the sacred. Literature thus becomes as much a receptacle as a means of a wholly existential quest that is neither represented nor confessed, but acted out. The “I” found throughout Cioran’s works is not the “I” of a confession, but the “I” of a narrative, which is not to say it is the “I” of the author. It is precisely in the gap created by dramatization that arises the paradox inherent to the particular knowledge literature conveys: the personal, incarnate, particular character of this knowledge becomes the vehicle for a universal experience which has the power or potential of harboring the reader’s personal experience as he performs – or acts out, #! as it were – the text for himself. In this sense, reading and writing are intertwined – are two sides of a single reality – in this quest for a sacred that comes forth, in Cioran’s thought, in this space of exception, outside of institutions. Taking as its starting point the exemplarity of Cioran’s oeuvre in these respects, this thesis proposes a reflection on literature as a mode of inscription of what remains of the sacred, as well as a manifestation and a means of a yearning or a quest for the sacred unhindered by institutional boundaries. It aims thereby to shed light on the type of knowledge peculiar to literature by taking into account the literary dramatization that takes place in the context of this search.

Keyphrases: Cioran, sacred, Cioran, literature, writing, dramatization, knowledge, reading
Caractérisation structurale et fonctionnelle des interactions impliquant TFIIH et la machinerie de réparation de l’ADN

The nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER) is a mechanism capable of removing a wide variety of helix-distorting lesions, such as those caused by ultraviolet irradiation (UV). As all DNA repair pathways, NER contributes to the prevention of carcinogenesis by preventing DNA mutation. During this process, the lesion is first recognized by the protein XPC/Rad4 (human/yeast), which then recruits TFIIH. This complex unwinds the DNA with its helicase activity and then recruits the endonuclease XPG/Rad2 and other proteins necessary for DNA excision. Upon arrival at the lesion site, XPG/Rad2 displaces XPC/Rad4. TFIIH also acts in DNA transcription, using its helicase activity. In addition to the similarity of the presence of TFIIH in transcription and DNA repair, it is possible to ask ourselves how the two pathways are similar. We were interested in the interactions involving TFIIH and the DNA repair machinery. We have therefore undertaken a structural and functional characterization of these interactions. We have found that Rad2 and Rad4 have a motif of interaction based on other interactions of the Tfb1 subunit of TFIIH. Using isothermal titration calorimetry, we found that segments of these two proteins containing this motif interact with high affinity to the PH domain of Tfb1. The binding site of these segments is very similar to Tfb1PH binding site of transactivation domain of p53  and the carboxyl-terminal domain of TFIIEα with Tfb1PH, as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In addition, these segments can compete with each other for binding to Tfb1PH. We also demonstrated in vivo that deletion of Tfb1PH in yeast creates a sensitivity to UV irradiation. In addition, the deletion of multiple segments of Rad2 and Rad4, including segments of interaction Tfb1PH, is required to observe a sensitivity to UV. Thus, multiple interactions are involved in the binding of TFIIH to Rad2 and Rad4. Finally, the structures of the Rad2-Tfb1PH and Rad4-Tfb1PH complexes were solved by NMR. These structures are identical to each other and involve hydrophobic residues interacting with shallow grooves on Tfb1PH. These structures are very similar to the structure of TFIIEα-p62PH.  These findings provide an important mechanistic link between transcription and DNA repair. In addition, they provide a model of the mechanism of the displacement of XPC/Rad4 by XPG/Rad2 at the damaged site. This knowledge helps to better understand the mechanisms of genomic stability and can lead to novel cancer therapies.

Keyphrases: XPC/Rad4, XPG/Rad2, TFIIH, Nucleotide excision repair of DNA, protein-protein interaction, nuclear magnetic resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry
De l'aide au lien : des enfants adultes nous parlent de leurs parents âgés

This thesis studies elderly parents and the involvement of their adult children whenever help is needed. More precisely, the goal has been to understand the signification attributed, by the adult children, to what they consider to be a need of their parents. The study stands at the crossroads of three sociological fields: aging, family relationship and family solidarity, and care provided to the dependent elderly.   The process consisted in extracting from the children’s discourse, the diversity of significations attributed to the sense of need, on both parts. Also, the complex evolution of the bond between the elderly parents and their children will be questioned, for it is hard to clearly distinguish autonomy from dependence.   Three specific questions will be asked. Firstly, how do children perceive the autonomy of their parents? How do they express their point of view? Secondly, to what extent is the care brought to «autonomous» parents differing from that brought to parents with «decreasing autonomy»? Lastly, in what measure does residential proximity play a role; does it respond to a specific need and/or does it demonstrate a specific type of relationship?  The methodology employed in this study consisted in discourse analysis.  The results shed light on three elements. Firstly, the eminently subjective understandings of the notion of help/need, when having to care about elderly parents, especially when they are losing autonomy. Secondly, the great plasticity of the notion of parental autonomy, spoken or not, in the case that care need be offered to one's parents: more care is not necessarily brought to more dependent parents. Thirdly, the major implications of the double status of child and carer make it complicated to bring out the numerous motivations that intervene when a child decides to help.

Keyphrases: relations familiales, Aging, family relationships, care, elderly parents, discourse analysis
A historical case study analysis of the establishment of charismatic leadership in a Protestant Reformation cultic group and its role in the recourse to violence

Research surrounding questions regarding cultic behaviors, leadership and issues of sectarian violence has lead to the study of charismatic leadership. Prominent cultic scholars have identified that there remains a rather large void in research when analyzing charismatic leadership within the context of sectarian groups and new religious movements. This thesis will attempt to bridge that gap through a historical case study analysis of a 16th century protestant reformation group, the Anabaptist Kingdom of Münster (AKM), under the influence of a charismatic leader, Jan van Leiden. More specifically, this research will focus on the various means utilized by the group’s leader, to establish charismatic leadership and how this affected the group’s recourse to acts of violence. The case material was obtained through two primary source accounts from participants in the events that unfolded in Münster during Leiden’s reign. The analysis of this material was made using three current theoretical concepts on cultic behavior and violence, that is Casoni (2000), Robbins (2002) and Dawson (2010). It appears that four major strategies were utilized by Jan van Leiden to establish his charismatic leadership over his followers: (1) the threat of millenarianism, (2) the exploitation of a bilateral parasitic relationship with his followers, (3) the use of religious ecstasy and prophecy, and (4) the use of their desire for social and religious change. By contrasting the results of the analyses undertaken in chapters three and four, three factors that have played a crucial role in Leiden’s charismatic leadership, as it relates to the recourse to violence in the AKM, will be identified. These are: (1) millennial violence, (2) shared identity, and (3) macro-level dimensions.

Keyphrases: Anabaptism, violence, cults, charismatic authority, millenarianism, charisma, new religious movements, Jan Van Leiden
Facteurs associés à l’implantation d’un programme de formation interprofessionnelle au sein d’un Centre de santé et de services sociaux au Québec

INTRODUCTION: Interprofessional collaboration emerged as one of the key aspects that have to be consolidated to improve the organization of primary care and to ensure an appropriate access to available resources. In order to increase interprofessional collaboration, it has been suggested that health sciences professionals should be trained in an interdisciplinary fashion, especially during clinical training.  OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research is to measure the degree of implementation of an initiative in interprofessional education (IPE) which takes place in the Health and social service centre (HSSC) studied, as compared to the initially proposed model. Furthermore, the objective of this research is to understand how systemic factors, organizational factors and the training program’s attributes influence the IPE initiative’s implementation. METHODS: This is a case study based on an HSSC located in the greater Montreal region in Quebec, Canada. Data was collected through 11 semi-structured interviews performed with professionals and administrators responsible for the IPE initiative’s implementation, together with one student who participated in the IPE initiative during his clinical training. An analysis of administrative and clinical documents regarding the IPE initiative’s implementation was also performed.  RESULTS: The implementation of the IPE initiative is still an ongoing process as it is showed by the medium-high presence of the different elements which define the IPE implementation and the generally low intensity of these elements. Systemic factors, organizational factors and the training program’s attributes influence the implementation of the IPE initiative in a clinical setting and there is an interaction between all of these factors. An analysis of the different factors influencing the implementation of an IPE initiative in a clinical setting should also consider the different factors influencing the development of collaborative practice in this environment.

Keyphrases: étude qualitative, interprofessional education, implementation analysis, qualitative research, interprofessional collaboration, clinical setting
Évaluation d'un programme alternatif de formation de médecins généralistes en Gynécologie et Obstétrique au Sénégal

In order to reduce high level of maternal mortality rate estimated in 2005 at 401/100 000 live births, and following task shifting innovative strategies already initiated in the country to increase access to emergency obstetric care in Senegal, an alternative training program has been implemented for general medical doctors working in remote areas, to be effective obstetricians gynecologists.  Adapted from the normal curriculum, this program combines distance learning using new information and communication technology, practical training in university facilities, coaching and mentoring by university teachers in learners’ heath centers, on line evaluations and also formal annual evaluations such as the normal program. The program has been implemented in two districts in Senegal by Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of Dakar University.  This midterm evaluation analyzes the program implementation and effects using case study with qualitative and quantitative data.  Results show a positive evolution of emergency obstetric care indicators compared with two control districts, an increased level of trainees’ knowledge and skills, and also satisfaction of trainees, trainers and beneficiaries. However, some weaknesses have been identified in the program implementation particularly regarding implementation of new training innovations, coordination and sustainability by Ministry of Health.

Keyphrases: Formation, Innovation, Maternal Mortality, Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care, Training, General medical doctors, Innovation