NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Pratiques d’individualisation en enseignement primaire au Québec visant à faciliter l’intégration des élèves handicapés ou des élèves en difficulté au programme de formation générale

Along with the growing number of students with disabilities in regular education classrooms came the need for developing specialized interventions in this setting.  Many studies showed that regular education teachers are using only a few individualized adaptations for those children, and that, therefore, many of these students with disabilities don’t have access to curriculum content. This raises the questions of defining appropriate individualized teaching practices, which can be used in regular education class. A review of the literature indicates many individualization options ranging from differentiated instruction to curriculum modification. The aim of the study was to obtain a portrait of use of those practices in the province of Quebec in Canada. The conceptual framework built for this study encompasses four identified individualization options. A web survey along with interviews were conducted to identify individualization practices found in French-language primary schools of Quebec. Carried out using concurrent nested strategy (Creswell, 2003), this mixed method research presents findings regarding frequency and diverse uses of the individualization options by regular teacher. Factors explaining variations were also studied.   Study results indicate that the individualization practices most frequently used are those closely resembling regular classroom teaching. Three distinct profiles of teacher response to classroom heterogeneity were identified in the study: nuanced, mechanical and reactive. Only a few teachers among those interviewed had a good conceptual grasp of individualisation practices and were able to use those practices coherently. Results of ANOVA on survey data indicated that teachers who used differentiated instruction frequently—weekly or daily—were significantly less inclined to curriculum and teaching modifications. Regression analysis pointed to in service training as a predictor of frequent use of diffenreciated instruction.  Grade level, classroom size and the proportion of students with disabilities were predictors of the use of strategic instruction, accommodation and modification.

Keyphrases: Accommodation, Modification, Inclusion, Individualization options, Students with disabilities, Primary or elementary schools, Curriculum access, Differentiated instruction, Accommodation, Strategic instruction, Modification
La poésie québécoise comme source d’inspiration musicale

This mémoire analyses five pieces by Matthew Lane based on various Québécois poems, in order to explain several of the ways that poetry can serve as musical inspiration and material beyond the traditional forms (songs, program symphonies). It includes the analysis of techniques used to convincingly present instruments and electronics as part of the same musical world. It also discusses the way in which the composer took advantage of Computer Assisted Composition (CAC) techniques. The pieces explored are: 1) Le Lézard Vert, based on a poem by Dany Laferrière (for horn and tape) 2) L’Écho bouge beau, based on poems by Nicole Brossard (for chamber ensemble and live electronics) 3) Saisie, based on poems by Pierre Nepveu (for choir, three narrators and tape) 4) L’Héritage, based on a poem by Marc Vaillancourt (for chamber orchestra and prerecorded sounds) 5) Sans titre à Montréal, based on a poem by Louis Carmel (for string quartet)

Keyphrases: Sémiotique, Poetry, Quebec, CAC (Computer assisted composition), Electroacoustics, Semiotics
Des nouvelles de l'ennemi : la réception des romans de Mordecai Richler au Québec francophone

Polemics have played an important role in the reception of Mordecai Richler’s novels in French Quebec. Contrary to the common idea that this opposition has prevented Quebec’s critics from reading the novelist’s work, Richler’s articles and essays on nationalism are the starting point of its reception. Whether it has been published before or just after the polemics, Richler’s writing is evaluated for the accuracy of his depiction of communities. The progressive rejection of a strictly French conception of Quebec’s identity opens the way to contemporary readings of the writer’s production. Still, these new readings are mostly attached to a conception of the collective, opposing an inclusive portrayal of Quebec’s identity, ready to let in the old enemy, to a uniquely French perspective on the imaginary. The mechanisms of this repatriation can be read in parallel with conflicting identities in Richler’s novels. In Son Of A Smaller Hero (1955), Noah Adler tries to define himself as a human being and to find his own moral standards by rejecting his origins. However, this escape path can only lead to failure and the main character learns that his ideal of freedom can only happen by a reinterpretation of his heritage rather than by its denial. Barney’s Version (1997) is, in part, the story of the education of a late writer. If Barney Panofsky attacks every collective imposture in the novel, his incapacity to be completely honest with himself and to accept a sincere creative activity and defence of his beliefs leads him to be alienated from those he truly loves. This situation leaves the narrator with an unfinished story, which can only be told by his successors. In both novels, the self definition of the character’s identity can only happen by a hermeneutical re-appropriation of his heritage that is similar to francophone readings of Richler’s work by its relation to the trace, the collective and illegitimacy.

Keyphrases: Quebec literature, Anglo-Quebec Literature, Mordecai Richler, Mordecai Richler, Reception, History of literature, History of criticism, Son Of A Smaller Hero, Son Of A Smaller Hero, Barney's Version, Barney's Version, Jewish literature
L’intertextualité classique dans la production littéraire du Québec des années 1850-­1870

Nineteenth-century Quebec literature suffers from severe prejudice that contemporary critics seem unable to overcome. Authors are mainly criticized for writing bad novels, focusing on the content to the detriment of the form. However, the reading of works published during this period clearly indicates that some writers made an extensive use of references to classical culture. This systematic resort to intertextuality allowed them to introduce literary elements into their works while linking them to the epic and bucolic genres. But the Greco-Roman intertextuality intervened precisely in a time agitated by disputes over the teaching of classics in colleges. At the heart of this controversy, a movement of intellectuals influenced by the ideas of Monseigneur Gaume criticized pagan literature for perverting the youth, and promoted an exclusive teaching of Christian Latin. The extent of the debate in the press of the time is such that the writers – all of whom were educated in classical colleges – could by no means ignore it. Thus, the present thesis studies the intertextual dialogue conducted in Quebec’s literary production between 1850 and 1870. Analyzing the image and function of the Greco-Roman culture in Quebec’s literary circles during the entire Gaumist quarrel, it puts the texts under a new light and underlines the clever literary work performed by their authors.

Keyphrases: Quebec literature, 19th century, Gaumist quarrel, Intertextuality, Latin literature, Roman, Novel, Epic, Bucolic
Trahisons liquides : la composition d’un opéra dans le contexte des productions multimédias actuelles

My doctoral project is in two parts – research and creation – and relies on the interdependence of these two elements, for it is, in fact, one process whose two aspects share a common objective: observing and analysing the integration of media arts to contemporary opera and studying their influence on my own creative process for the composition of a new opera.  This dissertation includes a written document and an original 90-minute composition (score and recordings).  The first chapter of the written document examines the context in which my creative project was elaborated and the way that my initial reflections lead me to conduct more in-depth research into the multimedia means used in many operas from the last decades of the 20th century to today.  I outline the current situation affecting study in this field, particularly the terminological obstacles, and I present some of the research prospects opened up by the information gathered.  It is in light of this reflection that I define my approach to the use of multimedia in opera.  The second and third chapters pertain to the preparatory work that was an integral part of the composition of the opera Trahisons liquides.  I begin by detailing my approach to the libretto: questions of narrativity, language and prosody, varied approaches to the text-music relationship, my collaboration with the librettist and the evolution of the drama.  I also explain elaborating the musical atmospheres and controlling the musical momentum of the opera, and then I establish certain motivic points of reference for the analyses presented in the final chapter.  The fourth chapter is thus devoted to the detailed analyses of a selection of eight scenes from the opera Trahisons liquides, chosen to highlight various aspects of my compositional process and my musical language.

Keyphrases: Composition, Opera, Composition, Multimedia, Research-Creation, Terminology
Relations entre le leadership transformationnel de directions d’établissement, le contexte scolaire et les conditions favorisant l’engagement du personnel enseignant tels que perçus par des enseignants de quatre écoles primaires de Montréal lors de l’implantation du renouveau pédagogique

This research aims at establishing the relationship between the manner in which members of the teaching staff perceive transformational leadership as practiced by their principals, the school context and the conditions favouring their own commitment to implement the pedagogical renewal in their schools. The conceptual model behind this research was drawn from the one developed by Yu, Leithwood and Jantzi (2002), as was the questionnaire used to collect the data. This questionnaire was completed by 31 teachers in four elementary Montreal schools affiliated either to the English-speaking or French-speaking school boards. Based on this data, averages were calculated then compared, by means of the Mann-Whitney tests, on the grounds of the different schools’ level of implementation of the pedagogical renewal, their socio-economic level and the language of the school board. In order to complement the quantitative data, some quotations were borrowed from interviews conducted with the principals of these schools by some professors of the Department of Educational Administration and Foundations of the Université de Montréal, as part of another study conducted by the Groupe de recherche sur l’éducation en milieux défavorisés (GRÉMD) (Research group on education in disadvantaged communities). Comparing the different schools according to the degree to which they have already implemented the educational renewal revealed that teachers belonging to the two schools undergoing change differed by one major point from those of the two schools where change was of less magnitude : their assessment of the school context was less positive, and this result was supported by the non-parametric analysis. Supporting the implementation of educational renewal in schools, at least as far as this study is concerned, appears to be associated with a lower evaluation of the school context, especially of the school culture and of the environment. Another result of this research was that teachers of the more privileged school assessed their school context, particularly with regards to school culture, environment and strategies for change, less positively than teachers of the disadvantaged schools. Finally, comparisons between the schools based on the language of the school board indicated no significant difference in the assessments of the three variables by the teachers of the English-speaking or the French-speaking school boards. Given the modest size of the sample of participating teachers, the results of this research can in no way be generalized. However, they might serve as basis for further research in the field.

Keyphrases: Transformational leadership, Conditions favouring commitment to change, School context, Principal, Teaching staff, Implementation of pedagogical renewal, Elementary school
Un cinéma de l’entre-deux : identité, altérité et construction de la nation indienne dans Lagaan d’Ashutosh Gowariker

This thesis consists of two parts: a research on the film Lagaan (2001) by Indian director Ashutosh Gowariker, and a medium-length fiction film screenplay.   The research focuses on an emerging trend from the Indian cinema that Gowariker initiated with Lagaan. This trend conveys a progressive vision of national identity and, thus, seems to take the opposite side of the hindutva nationalist movement by reviving the unifying Gandhian ideology of the Indian New Wave. However, from a dramatic and aesthetic point of view, it adopts a much more commercial format than the New Wave, meeting the public's expectations of Bollywood productions post-1990. Purposefully combining an intellectual activist dimension with popular entertainment, it seeks to reorient the audience’s vision of Indian society. My analysis, both formal and sociological, allows a better understanding of this trend within its sociopolitical context.   The screenplay tells the story of Aastha, a low-caste young woman struggling to exist between tradition and modernity in contemporary rural India. It shows her ambiguous relationship with a culture that she deeply likes, but that is paradoxically too oppressive to let her assert herself.

Keyphrases: Nationalism, India, Cinema, Hindutva, Bollywood, Gowariker
Étude des mécanismes moléculaires influençant la variation de phase des adhésines P, F1651 et CS31A présentes chez des souches d'Escherichia coli pathogènes

F1651, the pyelonephritis-associated pili (Pap) and the K88-related surface antigen CS31A are three members of the type P family of adhesive factors that play a key role in the establishment of disease caused by Extra-intestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains. They are all under the control of methylation-dependent transcriptional regulation that defines the number of fimbriated (ON) and afimbriated (OFF) cells within a clonal population. Despite a high similarity in DNA sequence, these three adhesive systems nonetheless differ in the ratio of ON cells. While CS31A is always turned toward the OFF state, F1651 presents a particularly high level of ON cells and Pap shows two distinct OFF and ON states, depending on the starting phenotype. The leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) plays an essential role in the reversibility of this epigenetic switch and it is believed that the difference in nucleotides within the regulatory region of each operons could modify the binding of Lrp and, in turn, CS31A, Pap and F1651 phase variation. Using a variety of techniques including gene expression, site-directed mutagenesis, and in vitro protein–DNA interaction analysis, we demonstrate that the preferential OFF state observed in CS31A-positive cells is mainly due to a weak interaction of Lrp with the clp distal region and that the presence of a PapI homologue within the cell plays a key role in CS31A production. For F1651, we show in this study that the high level of ON cells found during F1651 phase variation is due to an altered stability of the DNA complex formed by Lrp at its repressor binding sites 1-3. Again, after each cell cycle, complex formation is modulated by the local regulator FooI (homologue to PapI) which promotes the transit of Lrp toward its activator binding sites 4-6. Furthermore, we identify two nucleotides (T490, G508) surrounding the Lrp-binding site 1 that are critical to maintaining a high OFF to ON switch rate during F1651 phase variation, as well switching Pap fimbriae toward the OFF state.

Keyphrases: Lrp, clp, foo, pap, Adhesin, Phase variation
La télémédecine en radiothérapie : développement d’un modèle et analyse des coûts

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) is centralized in urban areas in Quebec. Patients with cancer living in remote areas must travel to receive RT, and the proportion of RT patients is inferior to that of urban patients. Telemedicine could allow a minimally staffed RT unit to operate at reasonable costs in a rural setting. This study aims (1) to outline a feasible structure and target population for a tele-radiotherapy unit (teleRT); and (2) to estimate the costs of teleRT, compared to the current situation based on travel to urban centres (travelRT). Methods and Materials: (1) We developed an evidence-based teleRT model meeting the criteria of: feasibility & safety, elimination of patient travel, and minimisation of staff migration. (2) Costs were estimated from the public payor perspective using a previously published activity-based costing model for RT. The model included annualized capital costs, labour, and overhead.  Results: (1) In our model, teleRT was restricted to 250 palliative care patients per year. (2) The public payor cost of teleRT was 5918$/patient (95% C.I. 4985 to 7095$) as compared to 4541$/patient (95%C.I. 4351 to 4739$) for travelRT. Yearly costs of the teleRT unit was 1,48 M$ (s.d. 0,6 M$), with a net cost increase to the payor of 0,54 M$ (s.d. 0,26 M$) compared to travelRT. Under less stringent conditions, breast and prostate cancer patients could also benefit from teleRT at similar costs to travelRT. Conclusion: Establishing a teleRT unit to treat a small rural population of palliative care patients results in a modest net increase in cost to the public payor and could lead to increased accessibility and equity.

Keyphrases: Radiotherapy, Telemedicine, Palliative care, Health services accessibility, Health facilities, Costs and cost analysis
L’exercice du métier policier en opération de paix : quelles pratiques? quelles retombées?

Police contribution to United Nations peace operations is not a new phenomenon but it is beginning to draw a lot more attention from police organizations and the academic community. In 2010, nearly 13 000 police officers were deployed in the 13 peace operations led by the United Nations. It represents an 810% increase in comparison with the 1 600 police officers that were deployed in 1995 . This dramatic increase of police contribution questions the traditional conception held by the academic community about the police institution. Good example of police transnationalization, these deployments raise a lot of questions that require some examination. While the great majority of researches have been conducted on operational issues raised by sending cops in post-conflict area, very few have focused their attention on the issues linked to post-deployment phase, namely when police officers are reintegrated in their home society.            Considering that the contribution of some Quebec police forces to peace operations appears to be an intricate part of their organizational mission, it would be interesting to study its benefits. That is exactly the essence of this present research. More precisely, the objective of this project is to study the relationship between the participation of a police officer to peace operation and the modification of his habits and working methods after reintegrating his home unit. The organizational perspective used in this research is innovative in the sense that it questions the utility and benefits of these missions, not on the societies hosting these missions, but on the contributing actors of these deployments. This type of questioning is relevant if we want to measure the benefits of the contribution to peace operations on the contributing officers and their police organization, as well as the qualities of the services provided to the citizens by these same organizations. The data that enables us to provide answers to these questions comes from nineteen semi-directive interviews realized with police officers of the Sûreté du Québec that have participated in a United Nations peace mission in Haïti between 2005 and 2010.

Keyphrases: Police transnationale, Haïti, CIVPOL, MINUSTAH, Transnational policing, police officer, police competence, United Nations Organization, peace operations
Modélisation d'une ontologie et conceptualisation d'une application sémantique dédiée au e-recrutement dans le domaine des technologies de l'information

This thesis presents the research and reflections on the development of an ontology based application dedicated to e-recruitment in the field of Information Technologies’ staffing services, and especially e-recruitment using Social Web platforms as sources for candidates. This application, called Combine, essentially aims to optimize and enhance the field recruiters’ Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) and uses concepts from the emerging technological paradigm that the Semantic Web represents. Rarely discussed in a CMC perspective, this submission therefore proposes to study the communications issues related to this new paradigm. It presents the main concepts, as the notion of ontology, which involves the formal modeling of knowledge, and outlines the development case of Combine. It describes how the system was designed, from the requirements analysis to the prototype evaluation, revealing the concerns, the constraints and the opportunities met along the way. After this examination, the thesis stretches out to critically assess Combine’s potential to optimize the CMC in the targeted field of activity. In the end, the thesis conveys a rather favorable outcome concerning the positive perception of the field recruiters about using this type of application, and also concerning the promising benefits in Human-Computer Interactions (HCI). However, it mentions as well the exacerbation of the problem called "ontological commitment", which is to consider when building ontologies that model social objects such as those which the world of recruitment is made of.

Keyphrases: Semantic web, Social web, E-recruitment, Ontologie, Ontology, Computer-mediated communication, Human-computer interaction, Knowledge management, Interoperability