NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Activité des fibres nociceptives lors de l’inhibition d’une douleur expérimentale au dos par une manipulation vertébrale

Spine pain is a common and debilitating condition. The management of back pain by spinal manipulative therapy is recommended by several clinical practice guidelines. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the hypoalgesic effects of spinal manipulation are still unclear. The current literature suggests that spinal manipulation inhibits nociceptive processes related to C-fiber activation (temporal summation) while nociceptive processing related to Aδ- fiber activation is unaffected. Yet, this has never been examined with neurophysiological measurements. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to determine how nociceptive fiber activity is modulated by spinal manipulation. In healthy participants, an infrared laser was used to activate nociceptive fibers and induce back pain. Participants were randomized into four groups: spinal manipulation applied to the painful area, spinal manipulation applied remotely to the painful area, placebo intervention applied to the painful area, and no intervention. Brain activity related to the activation of nociceptive fibers as well as pain ratings were compared over time between groups. The results indicate that spinal manipulation applied to the painful area significantly reduced laser-evoked back pain. This hypoalgesia occurred independently of nociceptive processes related to Aδ fibers, as indicated by the lack of significant change in laser evoked- potential amplitude. It may be caused by the inhibition of the C fiber activity, but this remains to be clarified in future studies. These results could provide scientific bases for the management of back pain with spinal manipulative therapy.

Keyphrases: spinal manipulation, pain, nociceptive fibers, hypoalgesia, brain activity, electroencephalography, chiropractic
L’effet de l’entraînement olfactif sur les capacités olfactives et l’épaisseur corticale de patients avec un trouble de l’odorat post-viral

Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract is the most common cause of disturbances in smell. Olfactory training allows a reestablishment of olfactory functions in a good proportion of patients with post-viral olfactory loss. Also, olfactory functions are correlated with different neuroanatomic measures of the olfactory cortex. The objective of this dissertation is therefore to reproduce the beneficial results of olfactory training in patients with post-viral olfactory dysfunction and to observe whether the restoration of olfactory performances changes the cortical thickness of the olfactory cortex. Thirty-nine patients with post-viral olfactory dysfunction completed a twelve-week olfactory training. The olfactory training consisted of smelling containers with the scent of roses, lemon, eucalyptus and cloves, twice a day. Olfactory functions were measured with the Sniffin'Sticks tests at the start and end of the study. Olfactory training resulted in clinical improvement (≥6 SDI points) of olfactory functions in 59% of patients. These patients had greater cortical thickness in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex at p <0,0001 uncorrected. Patients with improved SDI score (≥0,25 points) had an increase in the thickness of the left medial orbitofrontal cortex, right entorhinal cortex and left posterior cingulate cortex (p <0,0001, uncorrected). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of olfactory training in patients with post-viral olfactory loss and that remission of olfactory functions appears to alter the cortical thickness of certain regions of the olfactory cortex.

Keyphrases: Olfaction, Post-viral, Neuroimagerie, Sniffin'Sticks, Olfactory dysfunction, Olfactory training, Post-viral olfactory loss, Cortical thickness, Neuroimaging, Plasticity, Brain, Olfactory functions
Auguste dans l'historiographie muséale de 1937 à 2014 : passato e futuro : d'Auguste à Mussolini, de l'Europe à l'Occident

Known to the scholarly milieu of historians, Roman history reached the general public during the 20th century in various forms: cinema, literature, schools and museum exhibitions. The emperor Augustus is important in Roman history for his transformative role of the Roman world. Born in 63 BC and died in 14 AD, Augustus became the founder of a new political regime, the Principate, replacing the Roman Republic, and making Augustus the first Emperor. He thus marks the history of the Roman Empire until its fall, and will still influence the entire European and Western world twenty centuries later. In 1937, the Mostra Augustea della Romanità is an Italian exhibition organized under the fascist regime celebrating the “idea of Rome” – the Romanità –, and wanting to amalgamate Augustus with Mussolini. This exhibition is analyzed in comparison with two other exhibitions (Kaiser Augustus und die verlorene Republik, Berlin, 1988; and Augusto/Moi, Auguste, Empereur de Rome, Rome/Paris, 2013/2014). The research focuses on the museum representation of Augustus and on the relation of the historiography still evolving with each exhibition. The exhibition catalogs are the main source for exhibited artifacts, themes, research, and storytelling. Each exhibition is put in its context and compared to their contemporary historiography, centered on outstanding works of their time. Thus, these exhibitions are tinted by their time, but in turn influence contemporary and future popular historical culture and as for academia. Museological work is not only popularization of historical discourse for the general public, but also participatory work in historiography.

Keyphrases: Auguste, Empereur de Rome, Mémoire, Augustus, Emperor of Rome, Exhibitions, Roman history, Historiography, Museology, Commemoration, Memory, Museum, Augustan art
L'honneur féminin à Montréal à travers les archives judiciaires (1698-1756)

This thesis analyses the women that came before the judiciary system in Montreal for a question of honour between 1698 and 1756. The analysis focuses on the power dynamics experience by these women. Seduction, rape, prostitution and slander trial archives serve as the basis for this study. In eighteenth-century Montreal, honour an essential capital to possess because without it women could experience marginalization within the society. Female honour essentially linked to their sexuality and the justice system going to either help or harm the women depending on the transgression of the sexual norms in place in the society. The analysis will focus on the litigants, on the power dynamics between the women and the men and between the women themselves. On the one hand, this study accords an extreme importance to the agency of the principal actors in the trials. On the other hand, this study focuses on the intersectional power dynamics. In this thesis, we ask: how does gender, race and social status influence the course of justice? Does justice play the same role for every woman in a trial linked to her honour? Which factors influence the differential treatment of the women during a trial? I will answer these questions by analyzing the litigants, the power dynamics between the men and the women and between the women themselves and the relations between the women, their family and the society.

Keyphrases: Justice, Prostitution, Honour, Women, New France, Eighteenth century, Power, Sexuality, Violence, Sexual violence, Rape, Slander
Périurbanisation à Yangon, Myanmar : une géographie politique des dynamiques foncières marchandes locales

This master’s research focuses on the process of peri-urbanization in Yangon, Myanmar’s metropolis, in a context of metropolization and liberalization of land resource management. In this thesis, I defend the idea that peri-urbanization must be considered as a process of reconfiguring political spaces and land commodification dynamics fueled by the actors of the peripheral areas of Yangon. An approach to peri-urbanization through political geography and a relational perspective of the concept of commodification allows us to understand the complexity of power relations and market land dynamics that help shape the peri-urban spaces of Yangon.  This research is based on a study of land practices and strategies of local actors in Thanlyin, a peri-urban township of Yangon, in a context of accelerated development of its territory. The analysis produced in this research demonstrates that peri-urbanization is a complex process of territorialization of the tension between land formality and informality, of formation of land assemblage favoring land commodification and of new multi-scale political space production.

Keyphrases: Yangon, Myanmar, Southeast Asian studies, Land studies, Peri-urbanization, Political geography, Land commodification, Metropolization
Vers une société hyperréelle : représentations des États-Unis dans trois romans canadiens contemporains

The road novel is a narrative genre particular to North America. Taking the form of a travelogue,  it depicts the narrator’s wanderings over the highways and byways of the United States. In  French-speaking Canada, specifically, the transcontinental voyage of the road novel takes on a  special meaning. Sometimes, it is motivated by the pursuit of a lost brother and transforms over  time into a pursuit of the self: the narrator, faced with an unknown culture, is obliged to confront  issues of cultural identity that have haunted francophone Canada since the colonial era. In  Quebec, for instance, Jack Waterman’s journey in Jacques Poulin’s Volkswagen Blues (1984) is  cited as frequently as Sal Paradise’s in Jack Kerouac’s On the Road (1957) with regards to their role in influencing the genre. Some lesser known authors of the genre, however, are women.  Their stories are centered around a specific identity voyage that considers factors outside of their  geocultural situation, such as their age and gender. This thesis analyzes the “road” novels of three  Canadian authors, including Gabrielle Roy’s De quoi t’ennuies-tu, Éveline ? (1982), Marie-Claire  Blais’ Soifs (1995), and Ann Charney’s Distantly Related to Freud (2008). We examine the  reasons for making the journey to the United States, why this country has been chosen as a place  of destination, and what the protagonists of these stories hope to find there. Curiously, what they  all find upon arrival is a society dominated by forms of what French theorist Jean Baudrillard  calls “hyperreality”; that is, a society overwhelmed by “models” of the real, or simulacra. These  simulacra blur the lines between the real and the artificial, completely disorientating the traveler.  Our thesis explores these hyperreal forms, their representation in the three narratives as being  inherent to U.S. society, and, finally, their impact on the protagonists’ quest for identity.

Keyphrases: Gabrielle Roy, Ann Charney, Women’s writing, Contemporary Quebec literature, Contemporary Franco-Canadian literature, Migrant writing, Americanness, Road novel, Hyperreality
Syncrétisme visuel et textuel : transmutation du sacré dans Useless Magic de Florence Welch ; suivi de Je veux la sauge, le feu et toi

Useless Magic combines multiple visual elements from hand scripted notes to doodling, including collage and photography. This heterogenous combination calls for an intermedial study in order to render well the interference between the text and the visual. This book also relies on syncretism pulling together diverse sources of inspiration. By doing so, it enables the coexistence of a plurality of images which serve Florence Welch’s process of self-representation. The analysis of the themes by the intricate system of symbols will allow the clarification of self-representative postures, which will reveal how the subject expressed here is dedicated to revealing a sacred self.  I Want Sage Fire and You follows a similar intermedial and syncretic approach in order to utilize the cultural figure of the witch as a way to self-proclaim a sacred and monstrous yet beautiful feminine subject. This poetry collection paints the witch as a historical and mythical figure of feminist empowerment. This figure is declined in three phases, which will be expressed poetically and visually: the priestess, the poison-mistress and the enchantress. All three will appear in the form of an artist sketchbook inspired by Useless Magic. This sketchbook will allow me to re-write, re-build and re-member the witch according to questions of feminine emancipation. This collection will use poetry and visual expressions as tools to build a temple-like space where a bewitching invocation can resonate.

Keyphrases: Empowerment, Self-representation, Syncretism, Sacred, Witch
Nous étions les nerfs rêvant d’une émeute ; suivi de L’image du corps dans la poésie de Roger Des Roches

The first part of this memoir entitled Nous étions les nerfs rêvant d'une émeute, proposes poems with the body as the central theme. A bruised and beaten down body, constantly challenged, put in danger, out of its equilibrium. The body is also the trigger of many tensions. It's being detailed in its physical relationship with the other through desire and sensuality. The physical and thinking body is depicted as being a world by itself, a world marked by injuries, the passage of time and sickness. The text here is the body. The images, as means of saying in resistance with common language, reveals the love relationship in a crude and sensual way.  The second part of this memoir analyzes the image of the body in the poetry of Roger Des Roches, more precisely in two books : Le Soleil tourne autour de la Terre and Tout est normal, tout est terminé. Set in a perspective of tenderness, eroticism and formalism, theses books explore mostly the female body as writing vector where we can read the literary dream, namely the drive of writing. In Des Roches poems, the body is a text, a frontier and an ideal. It compares sexual and textual pleasure.

Keyphrases: Roger Des Roches, Body, Québec poetry, Formalism, Eroticism
Témoignage dans les marges : vérité, représentation, imaginaire et éternité chez Charlotte Delbo

This research on the testimonies of concentration camp survivors shows how Charlotte Delbo’s testimony broke the space-time convention that usually links this genre to a time and place in History. Her multifaceted type of writing will be explored to underscore the timeless and accessible aspect of her testimony, its desire to represent and feel the Unspeakable. The first part of this work examines the discursive prose through two waves of testimonies, structured around two authors who marked the genre, Primo Levi and Jorge Semprun. The second part shows the exemplary nature of Charlotte Delbo’s eyewitness account. In a historical point of view of the female’s testimonies, we emphasize, through testimony comparisons, that Delbo’s voice is louder and more troubling than the others. Her unrestrained speech confronts our representation of this universe, and touches our concepts of truth, memory, and testimony leading us to reorganize our preconceived notions. The last chapter shows us the pivotal role that Delbo gives to imagination in the reception of her peculiar testimony. From the force of her first title Aucun de nous ne reviendra, through the silences, the empty spaces and scenery, she pushes us to imagine the unsaid. Finally, the study of some recurrent figures she uses, the theatrical personae and the mother image shed light on the desire that motivates her writing in which she expresses the Unspeakable through the prism of individual imagination.

Keyphrases: Charlotte Delbo, Camp de concentration, Speech, Thruth, Thruthful, Imaginary, Concentration camp, Memory, Testimony, Unspeakable
Interethnic conjugal unions among 1.5 and 2nd generations of Arab Canadians

In this study, I examine the propensity to form interethnic unions among the 1.5 and second generations of Arab Canadians using the 2016 Canadian census data. The descriptive analysis shows that interethnic unions are common within this population. About half the men (56%) and the women (49%) are in an interethnic union with a non-Arab person with an immigrant background or a Canadian of third generation or subsequent generations. The multinomial logistic regression reveals that men and women with higher educational attainment, part Arab ancestry and second-generation immigrant status are significantly more prone to be in an interethnic union than in an intraethnic union with a first-generation immigrant. In accordance with the segmented assimilation theory, these results suggest that socioeconomic integration and acculturation contribute to the propensity of Arab descendants to form unions with non-Arab individuals. The propensity of Arab descendants to be in intraethnic unions with first generation-immigrants or with descendants of immigrants (1.5 and second generations) is also discussed in this thesis.

Keyphrases: interethnic union, second generation, 1.5 generation, multinomial logistic regression, educational attainment, Arab ancestry, immigrant status, intraethnic union, segmented assimilation theory
Au-delà de l’uniforme : l’influence d’éléments contextuels sur la perception de policiers agressés en dehors de l’exercice de leurs fonctions

Context and objectives. During their interactions with citizens, police officers can be victims of verbal threats, insults or physical assaults. These aggressions sometimes take place when the officers are off-duty. These unpredictable events occur in a context where police officers are vulnerable. In fact, they cannot count on their colleagues or prepare themselves to face this aggression. These aggressions are likely to increase insecurity and the fear among victimized police officers. Depending on the context, similar incidents can generate different outcomes among victims. However, few studies have focused on aggressions experienced by police officers when they are not on duty. Thus, the purpose of this research project is to understand assaults experienced by police officers when they are off-duty. More specifically, this research aims at 1) describing different forms of aggression experienced off-duty, 2) identifying contextual elements influencing the perception about these events, and 3) describing outcomes associated with aggressions among victimized police officers. Methodology. To achieve these objectives, 23 semi-direct interviews were conducted with police officers who were aggressed when they were off-duty. A thematic analysis was used to examine the data corpus, and vignettes were used to present typical cases of aggressions. Results. Results indicate that police officers are victim of multiple forms of aggressions when they are off-duty, such as physical aggressions, damages against their property, threats or bullying, undesired interactions and being stalked or observed. Various contextual elements shape the perception of aggressions experienced by police officers. The lack of resources, the feeling of personally targeted, and considering that the incident is not part of the job affect perceptions about off-duty aggressions. These incidents generated different psychological, physical and behavioral repercussions among participants. Conclusions. Findings from this study highlight the relevance of broadening the concept of aggressions against police officers, namely by including various forms of incidents and accounting for contextual elements.

Keyphrases: Aggression, Police officer, Off-duty, Context, Coping
Les technologies de l’information et de la communication utilisées en contexte de violence conjugale : une analyse des liens entre les cyberviolences vécues, les stratégies d’adaptation et la détresse psychologique

For almost half a century now, criminology studies have addressed the problem of intimate partner violence (IPV). Although many perspectives have contributed to the study of IPV, it was feminists who brought IPV into the social sphere. Indeed, feminists no longer refer to IPV as a dispute between two partners, but rather as a means of domination and control.   The relatively recent creation of new technologies, such as smartphones and social media, are known to be used in context of IPV (Dimond et al., 2011; Marganski et Melander, 2018; Stanley et al., 2018; Woodlock, 2017). While we know a lot about IPV, it is surprising that very few studies include cyberviolence in their analysis. To date, we know very little about cyberviolence in intimate relationship, its emotional consequences and its specific coping and help-seeking strategies.   In order to bring insight into this phenomenon, the present study explores the links between intimate partner violence and cyberviolence. Precisely, the study aims to (1) document the experiences of intimate partner violence and cyberviolences of women victim of cyberviolences, (2) define the perceived psychological consequences and coping strategies used by women victims of cyberviolences and (3) explore the incidence of violence and coping strategies on perceived psychological distress. To do so, a sample of 419 women aged 18 to 29 completed an online questionnaire on their experiences of cyberviolence in their intimate relationship in the past 12 months.   Descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis have been conducted. The results suggest a co-occurrence of intimate partner violence and cyberviolence. Cyberviolence also have a significant impact on women’s emotional well-being. Surprisingly, none of the coping or help-seeking strategies were associated with a reduction in perceived psychological distress.   The results of this study highlight the importance of studying medium- and long-term effectiveness of coping and help-seeking strategies in the context of cyberviolence. Moreover, considering the co-occurrence of cyberviolence and IPV, it seems relevant to raise awareness about cyberviolence among social workers working with victims of IPV. A better understanding of cyberviolence could help promote effective coping strategies among victims.

Keyphrases: cyberviolence, intimate partner violence, coercive control, intimate terrorism, coping strategies, help-seeking, psychological distress.