NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Étude de cas sur l’ajout de vecteurs d’enregistrements typés dans Gambit Scheme

In order to optimize the in memory representation of Scheme records in the Gambit compiler, we introduce a type annotation system on record fields. We also introduce flat vector of records containing an abbreviated representation of those records. These vectors omit the header and reference to the type descriptor on contained records and use a type tree spanning the whole memory to recover the type as needed from an internal pointer. The implementation of the new functionnalities is done through changes in the Gambit runtime. We add new primitives to the language and modify the existing architecture to correctly handle the new data types in a way transparent that is transparent to the user. To do so, we modify the garbage collector to account to account for the existance of internal references and of heterogenous records whose fields may not be alligned to a word and need not be boxed. We also have to automatically and systematically update hte type tree to reflect the live vectors. To asses our implementation’s performance, we run a serie of benchmarks. We measure significant gains on allocation time and space with both typed records and contained records. We also measure a minor overhead in access costs on typed fields and major loss on accesses to the type descriptor of contained records.

Keyphrases: Compilation, Dynamic programming language, Type, Memory management, Type trees, Optimization
Dylan Walsh - dance : art, mourning, archive

This essay looks at mourning from a mourner’s sentiment. Freud’s mourning theory has provided a concept of how mourning works that I have questioned from the basis of my mourning experience. In considering Derrida’s archive theory, my position is not as a trained archivist, but as a mourner who has come to engage in the process of archiving. As regards to both psychoanalysis and the archive, this paper does not intend or pretend to advance new theory without taking into account both their respected histories. This paper offers a comparative look, inquiring into the attempts at definitions in light of personal experience, and finally how they reflect in the performative audio- visual monument Dylan Walsh – dance.

Keyphrases: Mourning, Archive, Suicide, Video installation, Memory, Jacques Derrida, Sigmund Freud, Aby Warburg, Mémoire
"Gender trouble" westernien : les représentations genrées dans les westerns de l'âge d'or étasunien (1948-1962)

Golden Age American westerns movies (1948-1962) display "gender trouble" by creating male and female characters who borrow gendered characteristics from one another. In North American and Western societies en general, these characteristics are associated with binary feminine and masculine gender constructions. For instance, "gender trouble" develops in three men's attempt to recreate a conventional nuclear family cell in Howard Hawk's "Red River" (1948), in a social group's fearful and oppressive dynamic in Fred Zinnemann's "High Noon" (1952) and Nicholas Ray's "Johnny Guitar" (1954) and in the meeting between Eastern and Western men whose ideologies and values clash in John Ford's "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" (1962).

Keyphrases: Johnny Guitare, Western, Gender, Red River, High Noon, Johnny Guitar, The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, Gender trouble, Femininity, Masculinity
La santé psychologique au travail : une modélisation ancrée dans la théorie de la conservation des ressources

While psychological health at work is gaining attention from academics and practitioners, certain aspects of the phenomenon need deeper exploration. Notably, scant research has examined individual functioning in the workplace; the majority of studies focused on subjective experiences related to psychological well-being and distress instead. Moreover, little is known about the mechanisms underlying psychological health at work. These shortcomings result in a partial understanding of the construct.  In light of these observations, the present thesis aims to develop a model of psychological health at work, integrating indicators of employee functioning. To achieve this goal, five studies divided into two articles were conducted using four independent samples (Article 1: NA = 296, NB = 350, NC = 139; Article 2: NB = 330, NC = 128; ND = 389).  The first article proposes a conceptualization and a measurement of individual functioning at work. Building on organizational socialization literature and on conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2001), we conceptualize cognitive adjustment as a psychological health indicator. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as reliability, temporal invariance and regression analyses, confirm the psychometric qualities of the instrument and support the validity of cognitive adjustment at work as, indeed, an indicator of psychological health.  Drawing from the conceptualization of employee functioning reported in the first article, the second article tests a model of psychological health at work. Based on conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2001), psychological health at work is conceptualized as a process, which includes four indicators, namely psychological well-being, psychological distress, cognitive adjustment, and behavioural stress responses at work. Two distinct mechanisms are put forward explaining the relations between positive indicators (i.e., psychological well-being and cognitive adjustment), and the relations between negative indicators (i.e., psychological distress and behavioural stress responses). Path and cross-cultural invariance analyses acknowledge both mechanisms, and demonstrate that, beyond the impact of job demands, psychological well-being exercises a mediating effect on the positive relations between personal (i.e., optimism and resilience) and organizational (i.e., work climate) resources, and cognitive adjustment at work. Results also highlight that psychological distress mediates the negative relations between the same resources and behavioural stress responses at work. A general discussion covers in deeper details the implications of the findings emanating from both articles.

Keyphrases: Psychological health at work, Cognitive adjustment at work, Psychological well-being at work, Psychological distress at work, Behavioural stress responses at work, Optimism, Resilience, Work climate, Conservation of resources theory
Les influences transnationales sur la nationalisation de l’électricité au Québec (1934-1963)

This thesis explores the transnational forces that led to the nationalization of electricity in Quebec. In opposition to the traditional narrative that sees the nationalization in Quebec as a product of the local incentives, we look at the transnational ideas that were as important for the realization of the project. Throughout the text, we see that the Keynesian context that led western states to be more interventionist in the economy was a major influence on the nationalization of electricity in Quebec. In the first chapter, we detail the nationalization of electricity in Ontario, in the Tennessee Valley and in France, and the links between them and with Quebec. Secondly, we show that the nationalization of electricity in Ontario in 1906 and in the Tennessee Valley in 1933 were key for the nationalization of the Montreal Light Heat & Power in 1944. Finally, the third chapter explores how the nationalisation of electricity in Ontario, United States and France were influential on the nationalization of all the electric companies in Quebec in 1963.

Keyphrases: Nationalisation, Planification, EDF, Tennessee Valley Authority, Transnational, Ontario Hydro, Nationalization, Electricity, Transnational, Keynesianism, Planning
Le dauphin et l’astrologue : le Livret des elections universelles des 12 maisons
de Pèlerin de Prusse

In 1361, at Hotel St-Pol, the future king of France, Charles the Fifth, received a book entitled Livret des elections universelles des 12 maisons from his astrologer, Pèlerin de Prusse. Written in old French during the translatio studii period, the book contains two books and describes several astrological theories along with precise descriptions of the twelve houses. Charles the Fifth is widely known as Charles the Wise in our present day. This is due to his vast contributions to the Louvre library as well as his impulse of translations from Latin to the French of the auctoritates and his passion for astrology. The significance imparted on astrology prior and during Charles the Fifth’s reign is apparent in Pèlerin de Prusse’s text Traité des elections, commissioned by Charles during a time of political unrest. The defeat of Poitiers, the États of 1356 to 1358 as well as the Jacquerie define the political landscape of 14th century France. Located at Oxford and the Vatican, two copies are extant, and neither have been edited from the original or subjected to detailed examination and study. This master will present a transcription of the first part of the Livret des elections universelles des 12 maisons.

Keyphrases: Pèlerin de Prusse, Livret des elections universelles des 12 maisons, France, XIVe siècle, Astronomy, Astrology, Fourteenth Century
La France - la race - les colonies : une analyse historiographique en trois temps

This thesis aims to analyse and categorize the historiography on race and racism in the French Atlantic in the eighteenth century. The increasing weight of historical productions on the colonies and especially on the French Atlantic in the past 20 years is clear and influenced our decision to divide the historiography into three categories corresponding to the three chapters of this thesis. First, we will discuss the work relating more specifically to race and racism and present the debate concerning the period in which racism first arose. Second, we will present historical works on the intersection of slavery and race in the French Atlantic. Finally, we will address the issue of racism in the French metropolis in the eighteenth century by analyzing studies concerning Black and Jewish minorities in France, on political debates during the French Revolution and on race in Enlightenment thought. Taken together, these studies show that ideas about race in France were the result of a multitude of factors, from scientific and intellectual to economic and political.

Keyphrases: Race, Colonie, Racism, French Empire, Slavery, Slave trade, Black, Enlightenment, Colony, Historiography, Eighteenth century
Dramaturgie de la scène primitive et passion postcourtoise : le couple Judith et Holopherne dans L’âge d’homme et L’Afrique fantôme de Michel Leiris

This thesis is a psychoanalytical development based on the books L'Âge d'homme and L'Afrique fantôme by the French writer Michel Leiris. The purpose is to show that the Freudian notion of primitive scene is used as a paradigm for self-exploration and analysis through autobiographical writing.  This study begins by detailing the stories of dreams retold by the author in his works. Thus, Leiris is traveling on the royal road that will take him to his unconscious mind. The ego of the narrator adopts a masochist approach to the phallic women he falls in love with. He then shifts to what is called « postcourtoise passion », a concept developed by Paul-Laurent Assoun. The Lady (La Dame) replaces the « lost object » and is transformed into the murderous Judith. The many identifications of the narrator with legendary figures allow us to read his existence through his personal mythology. Upon analysis, these identity fantasies of the author with male models are an indication of the sadism of his superego.  In Gondar, the author falls in love with Emawayish, an Ethiopian sorceress who becomes the perfect double of Lucrèce and Judith. This love relationship unconsciously reveals the structure of the Oedipus complex. L’Âge d’homme can be seen as the quest of a man for the maternal body. The experience of self-exploration and analysis writing can be seen as the means to cure the melancholy generated by the loss of the loved object.

Keyphrases: Michel Leiris, psychanalyse, passion, double, psycho-analysis, masochism, primitive scene
Orientalisme 2.0 : la Révolution verte iranienne en images

From the colonization era until the most recent conflicts in the "Middle East," visual culture contributes to the creation of a racial and sexual image of the muslim world, in which the "archaic" Orient is represented as the moral opponent of "modern" Occident. This discourse entitled Orientalism (Saïd 1994) transforms the Orient into an object of knowledge and of occidental gaze (Nochlin 1989). Painting, photography, and universal exhibitions are but a few of the means through which the West's privileged point of view is constructed over the Orient. With the Web 2.0 and mobile technologies, sharing images from everywhere and everyone has become part of our daily life. Assuming that Orientalism is indissociable from modern techniques of the world's repressentation (Mitchell 2013), this thesis aims to question the impact of such new technologies on the production, circulation and reception of images from the so-called Orient. This study will focus on images captured and shared since the protests of the Iranian Green Movement of June 2009, especially the video of the murder of the young Neda Agha Soltan, which made the headlines of Western media. Building on the writings of Edward Saïd, which will be revised through feminist readings, it will be demonstrated that visual Orientalism evolves in accordance with the political, cultural and technological changes it encounters. The feminist question will not only shed light on the images of this corpus, but also contribute to widen the definition and mechanisms of Orientalism suggested by Saïd. It will be demonstrated that if the Web 2.0 has the potential of disrupting the constructed image of the Orient by the Occident, it also updates visual Orientalism through new modes of knowledge production.

Keyphrases: Visual culture, Orientalism, Web 2.0, Iranian Green Movement, Feminism
Complexe de Morse et bifurcations

Let (ft,Xt)t∈J be a family of pairs, where J is an interval, ft is a smooth real-valued Morse function defined on a smooth compact manifold V , and Xt is a pseudo-gradient field associated to ft. The purpose of this master thesis is to study the bifurcations undergone by the associated Morse complexes. Two ways are used to reach this result : the direct study of the bifurcations and the continuation method. We prove that the two methods produce the same results from a functorial point of view.

Keyphrases: Bifurcation, Mort, Morse Theory, Continuation, Singularity, Birth, Death, Handle-Slide
Traverser l'immobile : le déplacement dans le Journal de Marie Uguay

This dissertation focuses on the Journal of the Quebecoise poet Marie Uguay. It recuperates among other critical texts Pierre Nepveu’s study of space as well as contemporary landscape theories. It examines how the idea of motion enables a sensitive relationship with the environment inhabited by the writer. Uguay was suffering from bone cancer and this condition determined the distinctive way in which she conceived space in her intimist literature. The first chapter looks at the dialectic between inside and outside. From the reclusion of her Montreal apartment, the writer imagines numerous travels. The second chapter revisits the actual spaces in which the author is moving. Finally, the third chapter considers how a comparable way of conceiving space can bear an intelletual association between Uguay and the poets Saint-Denys Garneau et Albert Lozeau. It also looks at how the figure of Marie Uguay reappears in contemporary literature throught a relation of space.

Keyphrases: Marie Uguay, Journal, Quebec literature, Intimism, Space
Le cri poétique : "Howl" d’Allen Ginsberg dans le contexte de la révolution Beat

This study investigates the literary and poetic transformations set in motion by the Beat Generation literary movement in mid-twentieth-century North America. In focusing on "Howl and Other Poems" by the poet Allen Ginsberg, the iconic text of this literary revolution, I show how the Beats represent a transformation in the American and Western literary and poetic tradition, with regard to form, theme and writing practice. In the first place, I study the history of these changes by examining the reception of "Howl," which upset the expectations of the literary establishment of the time because of its approach that includes everything, without distinction, in the representation. My second chapter focuses on the poet’s point of view, the poetic vision. I show how the poet’s perspective vis-à-vis the world changes with Ginsberg and the Beats. Instead of conceiving transcendence, the universal, as something far-removed from the particular, as presupposed by the Western poetic tradition, the Beats see transcendence everywhere, in everything. Ultimately, I turn to the place of language in expressing this new vision. I observe how Ginsberg and the Beats, inspired by the poetry of Walt Whitman, develop a spontaneous language no longer emanating from self-mastery.

Keyphrases: Allen Ginsberg, Howl, Kerouac, Beat Generation, Vision, Poetry, Language, Vision, Universal, Transcendence, Sacred, Mind
Arguments by definition : Felipe Calderón’s war on drugs and the power to persuade

Rhetorical studies have shown the significance of presidential rhetoric and the president’s power to define public issues and policies through discourse. This research addresses how former Mexican president Felipe Calderón defined the fight against drugs that characterized his administration—and the later process of changing his definition. It argues that through the definitional practices of association, dissociation and condensation symbols, Calderón advanced a particular definition of the drug problem in Mexico. Relying on the analysis of presidential public speeches and TV spots, I 1) identify Calderon’s key rhetorical practices of definition; 2) discuss the implications of those practices and the political definitions they sustain; and 3) address the limits politicians face when attempting to change a definition they initially advanced. In conclusion, I discuss how the set of metaphors and definitional practices advanced by Calderón opened up a rhetorical space where human rights could be dismissed and violence encouraged.

Keyphrases: association, dissociation, presidential rhetoric, definitions, arguments by definition, war on drugs, redefinition, association, dissociation, condensation symbol, metaphors
Attachement, tempérament et déclaration de l’enfant victime d’agression sexuelle durant l’audition

This thesis explores the contributions of attachment and temperament to the amount of details reported by young victims of sexual abuse. Police investigative interviews with 25 children aged from three to seven years old were codified to assess the type of questions asked and the amount of details. Child temperament was assessed by a parent form questionnaire. Children’s representations of attachment relationships and verbal abilities were assessed with tasks performed in sub-samples.  In order to answer this main research question, the TABC-r parent form temperament questionnaire was translated in French and validated with a sample of 231 parents from the general population, which consisted the secondary objective of this thesis. According to results, the French-Canadian version of the TABC-r presents appropriate psychometric properties which are similar to the original version. Results revealed that factor structure, internal consistency, inter-raters reliability, temporal stability and divergent validity are very satisfactory.  Convergent validity is supported by relations to behavior problems and family relationships, but associations with cognitive abilities were not found. Results, limits of the study and avenues for future research are discussed. Results obtained concerning the associations between attachment, temperament and disclosure of sexual abuse during investigative interviews revealed that children with more secure and less deactivated attachment representations provide significantly more details on average in response to option-posing prompts. Moderate relations, though not significant, between lack of task persistence and average amount of details elicited by option-posing prompts, and between secure and deactivated attachment and average amount of information globally were also described considering the small sample size. When simultaneously considered, it seems that secure attachment and lack of task persistence both potentially contribute to explain a part of variance of the average amount of details elicited by recognition questions when age is controlled, although only attachment security is a significant predictor. Results, limits of the study, avenues for future research and implications for the conduct of investigative interviews are discussed.

Keyphrases: validation, Sexual abuse, investigative interview, attachment, temperament, translation, validation, children
La chambre de Pandore : féminité et hybridité de l'espace chez Gaston Leroux

The "locked room" concept, generally considered symbolic of detective fiction, has been used by many writers since the 19th century. Amongst the authors of the genre, it was integrated as a simple mechanism to generate a mental challenge for the reader (Thomas Narcejac, 1975). The concept became more complex with the advent of the Belle Époque. The "locked room", under Gaston Leroux’s influence, became the central place where crime and passion, public and private, reason and superstition meet, when filled with the perfume of a woman. In The Mystery of the Yellow Room (1907) and The Phantom of the Opera (1910), Gaston Leroux built his intrigues around atypical "locked rooms" with the intent of upending the codes of detective fiction.  This research focuses on the elements through which a popular novel can break its commonly associated expectations, despite the use of a widely exploited pattern. Instead of being frozen in time, the "locked room" is always evolving ; influenced by the novels’ underlying generic hybridity, it acquires new meanings that distinguish it from its predecessors. By first focusing on the path of female bodies and their influence on the decor, and then on the way the "locked room" reuses components associated with literature from the 19th century, we will see how Leroux manages to break the walls of a place that has been considered as closed as a safe (Gaston Leroux, 1925).

Keyphrases: Belle Époque, Gaston Leroux, Detective novel, Locked room, Literary genres, Femininity