NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Insertion socioprofessionnelle des sortants de la formation agricole non formelle sur le marché de l’emploi au Burkina Faso et importance accordée à la production céréalière :
cas des sortants du centre de promotion rurale de Goundi

In Burkina Faso and elsewhere in Africa and in the world, children, women and men are hungry because they can not get food daily to meet their energy needs; this, because of the scarcity and high cost of basic food products in these countries. And yet, given the predominance of subsistence agriculture, agricultural policy and a good education with performance conditions that attract young people leaving to the main production of cereals, the staple food of most of these countries would to achieve self-sufficiency and food security. Through the analysis of the external efficiency of rural promotion center (CPR) Goundi Burkina Faso, the present research was based on the sociological dimensions, counseling and psychoprofessionnelle to identify contextual and individual determinants whose management account in agricultural policies and vocational training for young farmers could help outgoing fit best in that employment as principal grain. The main results show: the exit age between 21 and 34 years of age, marital status, gender, installation rituals, grains as a staple food, access to land and the equipment outside the center, father, promotionnaire, wives and children as factors significantly related to the main job insertion grain the sociological and socio-psychological level. In psychoprofessionnel plan, autonomy, initiative, intimacy, courage, determination, industry, passion, non-market logic, the vision of continuity and ideal ego are the main results. The difficult access to land, equipment and inputs and integration problems in group and family are the obstacles of this insertion.

Keyphrases: Burkina Faso, Socio-professional integration, Rural promotion center (CPR), Primary production cereal, Personal identity, Professional identity, Burkina Faso
Le diable à Küsnacht : psychanalyse jungienne des possessions

The slow erosion of the place of religion in our modern society is leading to an increasing amount of individualistic faith and self created religious practices. This research is a Jungian psychoanalytic reading of evil possessions as potential signs of religious erring. What place have evil possessions had across Christian history, and how are they manifested and acknowledged today? The Jungian reading of such phenomena might help us discover the central role of psychological dissociation and the influence this variable plays in our comprehension of possessions. This research starts with the presentation of two cases of possessions in the office of a clinician. It is followed by an exploration of different aspects of possessions: historical, psychiatric, sociological and finally a more specific Jungian approach of the problematic. Each aspect, in turn, will elaborate a different way to look at the problematic. It is concluded by a final case of possession through which all various aspects of possession explored will enable the clinician to elaborate a different understanding of the initial cases, including an archetypal exploration.

Keyphrases: Jung, Psychanalyse, Possession, Jungian analysis, Jungian psychology, Psychoanalysis, Evil possession, Exorcism, DIssociative disorder
L’anthropologie théologique évangélique à la rencontre de la rationalité technoscientifique

This thesis analyzes the impact of proposals by a technoscientific rationality (or RDTS) on the classical definitions of what is human. It discerns in its presentation of the phenomenon the link between technoscience, cybernetics and post-humanism which has developed from them. Then there are the mutations and projects to remodel humans which arise with RDTS and its cybernetic informational paradigm. Technoscience, with its polemics against any ontology considered conservative, supports an amoral vision of RDTS and produces a posthumanism with its difficult relation to the human body. It also disrupts classical Judaeo-Christian definitions of what is human, among which we find evangelical theological anthropology. This thesis is divided into two sections of three chapters each. The first section examines RDTS and its vision of what is human. The principal issues which recent questioning of classical anthropology has produced, arising from the pressure of RDTS developments, are examined. Then the second section of three chapters will present evangelical anthropology, beginning with the historical and doctrinal context of evangelicalism. The elements of evangelical identity are explained along with the primary theological concepts which surround this anthropology. A variety of evangelical positions will be presented, related to the imago Dei and the concept of unicity of the human. While this concept is crucial for evangelicals, it is highly contested by recent research in paleontology and animal cognition. After examining the important new challenges facing evangelical anthropology, this thesis will concentrate on existing evangelical critiques of RDTS and posthumanism and iv refining them. Then an essential question for evangelicals will be examined: the homo faber and anthropotechnie versus the remodelling of the human involved in posthumanist questioning of the body and of salvation. Three contributions emerge from this thesis: 1) a synthesis of evangelical anthropology, 2) an understanding of evangelical identity in its distinctiveness and in its diversity and 3) an identification of necessary factors for evangelical theology to employ in a dialogue with RDTS. The difficulty of using the imago Dei in all direction is demonstrated along with a denial that this concept alone can address all the serious issues RDTS raises. Rather this motif needs to be combined with Christology and particularly the incarnation of the Logos to widen the treatment of the subject. It is only with that link that necessary elements contained in the imago Dei can be articulated and a definition for the human can be made which can address the challenges of RDTS and its posthumanism.

Keyphrases: Technoscience, Anthropotechnie, Imago Dei, Christ, Technoscience, Cybernetics, Posthumanism, Transhumanism, Anthropology, Evangelicalism, Christ, Body, Anthropotechny
Contribution des régions fronto-striatales dans les fonctions exécutives

Recent studies have shown that the caudate nucleus interacts with the prefrontal cortex, and that it is involved in executive processes. The goal of the thesis was to investigate the role of the caudate nucleus in executive processes, and to observe how the frontostriatal regions are interacting with the default mode network (DMN). Firstly, we studied the role of the caudate nucleus in self-ordered monitoring, which consist of keeping track of which stimuli have been selected and which remains to be selected, and externally-triggered monitoring, which refers to keeping track of one’s selection when an external source is performing the selection. It has been shown that de dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was particularly involved in both types of monitoring. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), a significant increase of activity has been observed in the DLPFC during both monitoring conditions vs control condition. Importantly, significant increased activity in the caudate nucleus was observed only in subtractions involving self-ordered monitoring (the self-ordered vs control and self-ordered vs externally-triggered conditions). Secondly, previous studies have shown a specific contribution of frontostriatal regions during set-shifting. However, the effect of set-shifting on subsequent trials had yet to be determined. Using fMRI, significant increase of activity was observed in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and the caudate  nucleus during shifting trials versus control and in trials where the same rule was applied for a few trials before a set-shift occurred. However, no frontostriatal activity was observed when the same rule was applied for a longer period. Decreased activity in the caudate nucleus correlated with increasing trial position in trials where no set-shift occurred, suggesting that the more a rule is executed, the better it is established. Finally, several studies have shown a deactivation of the DMN during the execution of a goal-directed task. Using fMRI, we hypothesized that the DMN was negatively correlated with the frontostriatal regions during the execution of a set-shifting task. Our results showed a significant increase of activity in the frontostriatal regions as more set-shifts are being performed while the DMN gets more deactivated. Interestingly, as decreased activity was observed in the frontostriatal regions during the execution of the same rule for a long period, the DMN showed increasing activity. We concluded that the caudate nucleus is specifically involved during the planning of a novel action when several possibilities are available at the same time. Finally, the DMN shows a negative correlation with the frontostriatal regions suggesting its contribution to the execution of a more familiar task.

Keyphrases: prefrontal cortex, caudate nucleus, functional magnetic resonance imaging, set-shifting, executive processes
Modèle de l’engagement et de l’abandon de traitement de l’adolescent avec trouble de personnalité limite

More than half of suicidal adolescents, a large proportion of which manifest borderline personality disorder (BPD), drop out from treatment. The consequences of their premature termination are cause for concern, given the recurrence of their suicidal attempts and that they present elevated risk for major mental disorders during adulthood.  The current study sought to gain a broader appreciation of processes involved in treatment dropout among adolescents with BPD through a constructivist grounded theory. Various dropout vulnerabilities specific to adolescents with BPD and their parents, including psychological characteristics, help-seeking context and perception of mental illness and mental healthcare were identified. Care-setting response including management of accessibility problems, adaptation of services to needs of adolescents with BPD, preparation for treatment, and consideration for the health professional's disposition to treat were also found to be determinant to their engagement to treatment.  The processes of disengagement from treatment have also been specified. Negative perceptions regarding treatment, clinicians, and receiving treatment have been shown to generate emotional activation. The aforementioned lead to counter-productive attitudes that evolve into outright disengagement behaviours. In this context, responses from the care-setting, such as an insufficient regulation of the engagement, therapeutic faux pas and paradoxical demands, precipitate premature treatment termination. Finally, the processes involved in the abandonment of treatment were formalized in the Model of engagement and treatment dropout for Adolescent with BPD. This illustrates that distinct processes characterise the premature and late dropouts of adolescents with BPD. The early terminations result from the failure of the care-setting to take advantage of the impetus at help seeking to engage the adolescent and the parent at that first critical moment in the care trajectory.  On the other hand, the late dropouts translate failures of the care-setting to adopt corrective measures to maintain the patient in treatment at a second critical moment indicated by their disengagement. The termination rate of those adolescent treatments could be diminished by a system of care-setting that recognizes the inherent difficulties related to the treatment of those specific patients, is proactive to solve problems of disengagement, integrates support systems for clinicians and promotes a reflexive practice.

Keyphrases: Adolescent, Engagement, Suicide, Recherche qualitative, Treatment dropout, Borderline personality disorder, Disengagement, Care-setting, Suicidal behavior, Qualitative research
Les ressources didactiques : typologie d’usages en lien avec la méthode historique et l’intervention éducative d’enseignants d’histoire au secondaire

History textbooks are mainly analyzed for their content and quality but not for their real use in classrooms. This thesis aims to describe and analyze how high school history teachers in Quebec use textbooks and other instructional resources. The issue is to know what is going on into classrooms since the new curriculum is in effect and how teachers’ beliefs influence their practices related to the development of historical method skills. This work describes the teaching practices according to their educational intervention, learning resources used and the student’s activities during class. The data was collected with an online survey (n= 81), classroom observations and interviews (n= 8) with the participants. Teachers often use textbooks, but are not automatically led by its content or exercises. Workbooks or teacher’s narrative seem to mainly structure their interventions. Yet, the belief system about teaching and learning history more specifically leads teachers to use textbooks in a traditional way or in a way that fosters historical method. To describe these various uses, the thesis proposes a typology that distinguishes the different modalities put in place to use learning resources and perform historical method. Three main types are described: intensive, extensive and critical. A fourth type was added in order to better explain the different teaching practices encountered: extensive-methodical. The latter type is explained by a teaching practice that combines extensive and critical types related to the needs of the teacher. The thesis points out the persistence of transmissive and teacher-centered pratices limiting authentic historical method exercise while curriculum aims a constructivist way and that more learning resources are available for teachers.

Keyphrases: textbook, teaching material, history, high school, historical method, teaching practices
Du Livre des Songes au Livre des Ages : recherches, créations sur le rêve et la temporalité par la composition de deux corpus musicaux

The aim of this research is to present the musical compositions realized during my doctoral studies. I will discuss the connections between musical and extra-musical domains that influence my compositional process. Two groups of works will be discussed in the two main chapters, with a short transitional chapter linking them together. The first group, called « Livre des Ages », combines life and earth sciences with the world of sound. Its main purpose is to raise the question of temporality in music. The second group, the « Livre des Songes », focuses on the connections between music, the psychology of dreams and mythic archetypes. Eight musical works – four instrumental, three mixed and one electroacoustic – composed between 2009 and 2012, are hereby presented, each one from a different angle related to a specific parameter of listening. The last piece, the chamber opera H.P.L. Outsider based on the personage of the American writer Howard Phillips Lovecraft, is the principal focus of this doctoral degree.

Keyphrases: Composition musicale, Rêve, Lovecraft, Musical composition, Opera, Palaeontology, Geology, Dream, Psychology, Archetype, Lovecraft
Une entrevue d'Hubert Aquin avec Aldous Huxley : Premier plan, 12 juin 1960

This article presents an unpublished interview with British writer Aldous Huxley, conducted by Hubert Aquin for the Premier Plan television program and broadcast by Radio-Canada on June 12th 1960. By analysing how the interview was produced, broadcast, and received by the public ; and by placing it in the context of several major interviews undertaken by Aquin in 1960, the article provides a better understanding of the impact of Aquin’s career as a journalist on his intellectual development as a writer, political activist, and media figure. Finally, the article underscores the significance of newly accessible audio-visual sources related to Aquin held at the Université de Montréal, sources that offer new perspectives on his life’s work.

Keyphrases: Hubert Aquin, Aldous Huxley, Contre-culture, Surpopulation
Physiopathologie des maladies métaboliques héréditaires des acyls-Coenzyme A révélée par l’étude d’un modèle animal déficient en 3-hydroxy-3-méthylglutaryl-Coenzyme A lyase

Most conditions detected by expanded newborn screening result from deficiency of one of the enzymes that degrade acyl-CoA esters in mitochondria. The role of acyl-CoAs in the pathophysiology of these disorders is poorly understood, in part because CoA esters are intracellular and samples are not generally available from human patients. We created a mouse model of one such condition, deficiency of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HL), in liver (HLLKO mice). HL catalyses a reaction of ketone body synthesis and of leucine degradation. Chronic HL deficiency and acute crises each produced distinct abnormal liver acyl-CoA patterns, which would not be predictable from levels of urine organic acids and plasma acylcarnitines. In HLLKO hepatocytes, ketogenesis was undetectable. Measures of Krebs cycle flux diminished following incubation of HLLKO mitochondria with the leucine metabolite 2-ketoisocaproate (KIC). HLLKO mice also had suppression of the normal hyperglycemic response to a systemic pyruvate load, a measure of gluconeogenesis. Hyperammonemia and hypoglycemia, cardinal features of many inborn errors of acyl-CoA metabolism, occurred spontaneously in some HLLKO mice and were inducible by administering KIC. KIC loading also increased levels of several leucine-related acyl-CoAs and reduced acetyl-CoA levels. Ultrastructurally, hepatocyte mitochondria of KIC-treated HLLKO mice show marked swelling. KIC-induced hyperammonemia improved following administration of carglumate (N-carbamyl-L-glutamic acid), which bypasses an acetyl-CoA-dependent reaction essential for urea cycle function, thus demonstrating an acyl-CoA-related mechanism for this complication. In a second animal model of an inborn error of acyl-CoA metabolism, short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD)-deficient mice, the main finding in liver acyl-CoAs is increased butyryl-CoA, particularly during fasting or after enteral loading with medium chain triglyceride precursor of butyryl-CoA.

Keyphrases: leucine, CASTOR, syndrome de Reye, ketone body, leucine, biochemical genetics, hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, ketogenesis, CASTOR, inborn errors of metabolism, Reye syndrome, energy metabolism
Tourisme et colonisation en Indochine 1898-1939

How did tourism develop in a rapidly expanding colonial territory?  How were tourism and colonization combined?  What links were established between these two processes?  These are the questions that this thesis addresses by demonstrating the exploitation of tourism by colonial policies. This thesis is divided into seven chapters dealing successively with the transfer of European tourism practices to Indochina, their location, their integration into the politics of territorial development in the 1920s, the spatial consequences of their implementation (construction of roads and hotel accommodation), and the attempts of the State to promote Indochina as a touristic destination for both Indochinese and foreign tourists alike.

Keyphrases: Tourism, Colonization, Indochine, Indochina, Tourism practices, Tourist resorts, Propagande, Propaganda, Etat colonial, Colonial state
Visual information processing during conscious and non-conscious face perception

Natural stimuli impinging on our retinas provide us with a wealth of visual information. This information varies along “low-level” features, such as luminance, contrast, and spatial frequency (SF). Whereas some of this information reaches our awareness, some of it is processed in the brain without us ever becoming aware of it (i.e., non-consciously). A remaining question is precisely which SFs influence brain activation and behavior consciously vs. non-consciously. The aim of this thesis was to address this question using state-of the-art psychophysical techniques. The first article introduces the SHINE (spectrum, histogram, and intensity normalization and equalization) toolbox for controlling low-level image properties in MATLAB. The second article describes and validates the SF Bubbles technique, which was used throughout the studies in this thesis to map SF tuning for various face perception tasks with a high SF resolution and low experimental bias. The third and fourth articles focus on SF processing as a function of awareness. In the former, SF Bubbles was employed together with repetition priming and masking to investigate which SFs are correlated with observers’ behavioral responses during conscious vs. non-conscious face-gender perception. The results show that the same SFs significantly influenced response times in both prime awareness conditions but, surprisingly, in opposite ways. In the latter, SF Bubbles was combined with intracranial recordings from awake human patients and Continuous Flash Suppression (Tsuchiya & Koch, 2005). This allowed us to map the SFs that modulate activation in specific brain structures (the insula and the amygdala) during the conscious vs. non-conscious perception of emotional facial expressions. The results for both regions demonstrate that non-conscious perception relied on low SFs more and was faster than conscious perception. The contribution made in this thesis is thus two-fold: methodological contributions to visual perception research are made by introducing the SHINE toolbox and the SF Bubbles technique, and insights into the “informational correlates” of consciousness are provided from two different angles.

Keyphrases: visual consciousness, spatial frequency, face perception
Évaluation constructiviste de l’application du Guide des meilleures pratiques de soins aux endeuillés auprès des familles ayant vécu une perte périnatale

The purpose of this study was to evaluate from a constructivist perspective, partnering with the stakeholders , the usefulness of nursing interventions inspired from The Best Practice Guidelines in Bereavement Care (BPGBC) in a first line context, during the follow up a couple whom had experienced a prenatal lost in the last six months.   A case study design was used along with The Fourth Evaluation’s methodological approach designed by Guba and Lincoln (1989). An experienced nurse in the care of bereaved families, used the BPGBC to guide her interventions in five therapeutic meetings with the couple, followed by four interviews with the stakeholders. The interventions considered the most helpful and the less useful were identified. The gathering of the data and their analysis followed an interactive and ongoing process.  The results support the pertinence of the nursing interventions inspired from the BPGBC, as well as the specific contribution of the nursing profession in the bereavement work. Implementing the BPGBC becomes a realistic goal when the managers and the clinical professionals are made aware of the issues encompassed by the grieving population. The nursing profession could incorporate the BPGBC in its training curriculum, in the research field and in the care offered to the bereaved population in different care settings.

Keyphrases: perinatal bereavement, best practice guidelines in bereavement care