La programmation régionale des services
ambulatoires de Laval : une avenue dans la
responsabilisation populationnelle des soins de santé

Due to the continuous pressures on the health systems, many reforms are perpetually implemented to improve care process and consequently the quality of care in order to increase public’s health level. The ultimate goal of this health system’s reform is to optimize the services impact on population’s health by introducing the populational responsibility concept; an approach based on the conviction that health is collective, therefore necessary to maintain and develop. In addition, there are more and more consensus on the necessity to establish a direct and durable relationship between care providers and communities. Thus, a way to be able to consider the patient’s personal and social contexts along with his family, and to ensure continuous care. This thesis, based on the Regional Programmation of ambulatory services (PRSA) of Laval, analyzes this program as an innovative solution concerning the introduction of populational approach in healthcare. The research strategy combines an integrated literature review, which analyses the pertinence of the PRSA; a quasi-experimental study, to examine its effects; and finally, a synthetic research that allows grasping the PRSA’s evolution and to analyze the institutionalization of change in healthcare organizations. In the first article, we analyse the pertinence of the PRSA’s model or, in other words, the plausibility of the causal relation that is presumed by this model. The PRSA is a regional model that combines integrated healthcare networks, case management and a populational approach to achieve populational responsibility. We showed, based on an integrated literature review, that this program has indeed the potential to secure a regional integration using a populational approach to well assess its population’s needs. The second article analyses the PRSA’s populational effects in terms of length of stay (LOS) and regional retention. A quasi-experimental design was used. For the length of stay, no decrease could be noted for asthma or dementia. On the other hand, the PRSA’s implementation may have contributed to decrease the LOS for heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary embolism and breast cancer. Concerning the regional retention of patients, no significant changes were seen for COPD, pulmonary embolism and dementia though effects were observed for heart disease, asthma and breast cancer. Finally, in the third article, we look at the reasons that lead PRSA’s suspension. Based on the PRSA’s manager and the current services programs managers in Laval, we tried to get a better understanding of the factors that delayed the PRSA’s implementation. The results indicate that the frequent healthcare system leading structures reorganizations and the interference of several other reforms in the past years were obstacles in the PRSA’s implementation.  Considering the current context, in which health care system is going through several reforms and where the network approach and the populational responsibility are valued, the results of this thesis bring a valuable contribution to the comprehension and the implementation of these concepts.

Keyphrases: Populational responsibility, integrated healthcare network, organisational change