NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Vers un cinéma de l'absurde : les films de Roman Polanski

The idea of absurd has taken a huge amount of different meanings in thought and current speech. Some of these meanings may present important differences with others. There is at least two occurrences where the word “absurd” has been understood as a current: first, in the philosophie absurde, theorized by Albert Camus in 1942, and second, in the Theater of the Absurd (Beckett, Ionesco and others), who had his hours of glory during the 1950s. These two movements can be seen as two branches of a single current, the Absurd, who has its roots in Europe after World War II. The horrors of the conflict and the loss of faith in Christianity pushed the intellectuals and artists of this period to become very sensitive to ideas such as hostility (of men, of world...) and loneliness. Roman Polanski (1933-), film director well-known for the eclecticism of his work, showed very notable acquaintances with Absurd in many of his movies. The analysis of his art (and of the autobiographical elements that sometimes appear in it) proves a clear relation with important figures of the Absurd current, such as Camus, Kafka, Nietzsche, and European playwrights of the post-war era. This relation can be observed in themes as well as in the mise en scène of Polanski's films.

Keyphrases: Absurde, Albert Camus, Franz Kafka, Friedrich Nietzsche, Roman Polanski, Absurd, Cinema, Fantastic, Modernity, Revolt, Theater
Les jardins dans l'œuvre de Lodewijk Toeput : entre tradition flamande et culture vénitienne

During the Renaissance, the paintings by Lodewijk Toeput, known as Lodovico Pozzoserrato, contributed to enrich the iconography and the history of Venetian gardens. The works by Toeput also combine the heritage of the Flemish artistic tradition with the Venetian culture, marked by the ideology of the villa and the musical world. By merging Flemish art with Venetian culture, Toeput creates a hybridization symptomatic of cultural exchanges between Italy and Flanders during the second half of the 16th century. This master’s thesis situates the representations of gardens and the personality of the artist within the Venetian historical and artistic context in the 16th century. In addition, this master’s thesis also aims to analyze the painter’s images of gardens through the concept of “cultural transfer” in order to emphasize the combination of Flemish and Venetian influences. This paper will also determine the consequences of this union in the history of the Flemish and Venetian art.

Keyphrases: Toeput, Pozzoserrato, Amour, Gardens, Music, Villa, Love, Venice, Flanders, Cultural transfers
Favoriser le transfert de connaissance des infirmières par des dîners-causeries de formation continue

Despite the advancements seen in nursing knowledge, there still remains a large gap between available scientific evidence and clinical practice (Marzuki, Hassan, Wichaikhum & Nantsupawat, 2011). In collaboration with trainers, this internship was dedicated to the development of continuing education luncheons for nurses and nursing assistants. These were held on a trial basis in the pnemology unit of Cité-de-la-Santé Laval hospital. These luncheon sessions were collaborative and integrative of the staff. The objective of these was to promote the amelioration and augmentation of both the knowledge and clinical skill set of the nurses working in the pnemology unit. In these sessions, participants were introduced to the concept of knowledge transfer. This was made in an attempt to encourage the clinicians to make a change in their clinical practice; guided by the Knowledge to Action framework written by Graham, Tetroe and Straus (2009). Those caregivers have shown appreciation for the opportunity to have been part of this project.

Keyphrases: Knowledge to action framework, Knowledge transfer, Continuing education, Nurse, Pneumology
Intervention éducative visant le transfert des résultats probants par les infirmières dans la pratique du contact peau à peau en post-partum immédiat

Problem statement: Current perinatal practice does not meet the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP, 2012) with regard to skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth, since newborns are quickly removed from their mothers for routine care (Moore, Anderson, Bergman, & Dowswell, 2012). This article presents the elaboration and evaluation of an educational intervention with and for nurses that aims to implement an adequate and evidence-based practice of skin-to-skin contact in the immediate post-partum period.  Method: Four educational sessions were developed based on an active learning approach. Pre and post observations were conducted to assess the impact of the educational intervention on the nursing practice. The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice to Promote Quality Care (Titler et al., 2001) guided the various steps of the project.  Results: The educational intervention increased the time of continuous and uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact after birth (from 20 to 26 minutes) and improved the quality of information given to families on skin-to-skin contact. In addition, some routine care was done during the skin-to-skin contact while newborns were positioned on their mothers’ thorax. However, further improvements are still required since the observed duration time of the skin-to-skin contact and the family teaching are not meeting the experts’ recommendations for this practice.  Recommendations: The implementation of an educational intervention using active teaching/learning methods, combined with additional resources, seems to be effective in improving evidence-based clinical nursing practice in immediate post-partum. Further studies need to be conducted to evaluate the impact of such educational interventions that aim to implement evidence-based practices.

Keyphrases: Skin-to-skin contact, Active learning, Educational intervention, Evidence-based nursing practice, Immediate post-partum
Stratégie organisationnelle à l'attention des gestionnaires visant la promotion de la santé des infirmières en contexte de décès périnatal

The death of a child during pregnancy or in the days after birth is an event that affects nurses. Exposed to the intense emotions of parents, nurses in perinatal settings may find themselves simultaneously providing care for the family while managing their own emotional responses. This particular work environment can affect the mental health of nurses working there. The existing literature also recognizes that perinatal death is demanding and stressful for nurses who care for these families. Yet, few interventions aimed to improve the work environment have so far been put forward. This manuscript aims to review what is known about the psychosocial factors of the work environment when a perinatal loss occurs in perinatal setting and their effects on the health of the nurses in order to provide a strategy that can contribute to the mitigation of these stressors. Karasek and Theorell (1990) Demands Control Support model guided the entire reflection with its central concepts, namely: job demands, control and support of the organization and colleagues. Findings revealed that Organizations should improve their support and better prepare nurses so they can face the challenges of perinatal death and the care of the bereaved families. In order to prevent the adverse consequences of workplace stressors a strategy at Organizational level is proposed. With regard to the manuscript, our learning objectives were the integration of acquired knowledge and skills developed in the Master's program. In particular, we sought to increase and diversify our ability to show clinical leadership and to consolidate our skills related to nursing research, such as our capabilities for critical analysis of scientific research.

Keyphrases: Stress, Perinatal death, Grief, Psychosocial factors, Stress, Nurses
Programme de suivi de deuil pour des parents ayant un enfant décédé dans une unité de soins intensifs pédiatriques

Many child deaths occur each year in pediatric intensive care units in Quebec. Deaths in intensive care are sudden and unexpected and this brings very significant consequences for the parents and the child's family. Very little support is offered to bereaved families, even if it seems to be a concern for many professionals. The nurse can act in different ways to the bereaved parents. To provide a better understanding of parental grief and needs of bereaved parents in intensive care and expose the different possible interventions, a review of theoretical and empirical literature was conducted. An integrative literature review, based on the framework and Knalf Whittemore (2005) has identified interventions during the mourning period that inspired the development of a bereavement follow-up program for a period of one year for parents who lose a child to pediatric intensive care. The framework consists of two models: the dual process model (Stroebe and Schult, 1999) and family systems approach (Wright and Leahey, 2013). Tools are proposed for the implementation of interventions in nursing practice.

Keyphrases: Parents, Interventions, Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), Neonatal intensve care unit (NICU), Bereavement, Grief, Sudden death, health services, Attittude personnel, follow up
Formulation development and characterization of liquisolid tablets containing clozapine

The objective of this research was to develop a liquisolid (LS) formulation of clozapine with improved dissolution properties and evaluate its robustness to excipient modifications as well as its stability. Propylene glycol (PG), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) were employed as non-volatile liquid vehicle, carrier material and disintegrant respectively for preparing LS compacts. Colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD), calcium silicate (CS) and magnesium aluminometasilicate (MAMS) were selected as coating materials. Complete characterisation of the blends and tablets was performed. The drug release rates of LS compacts were distinctly higher as compared to regular tablets. The specific surface areas of coating materials had an effect on the flow properties of the blends and the particle sizes of coating materials affected the dissolution rate. The carrier : coating ratio of the powder system (R value)  was an important parameter for LS systems and had to be larger than 20 to obtain enhanced drug release. The selected formulation demonstrated stability for a period of at least 12 months. The LS technique was an effective approach to prepare clozapine tablets with enhanced dissolution properties.  Orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) constitute an innovative dosage form that overcomes the problems of swallowing and provides a quick onset of action. In view of enhancing dissolution properties an attempt has been made to study LS technique in formulation of ODT of clozapine. PG, MCC, CSD and crospovidone (CP) were employed as non-volatile liquid vehicle, carrier material, coating material and superdisintegrant respectively for preparing orally disintegrating liquisolid tablets (OD-LST). Mannitol was selected as a carrier material and sweetening agent. Sodium saccharin (SS) was employed as a sweetening agent. Complete characterisation of the tablets was performed. The drug release rates of OD-LSTs were distinctly higher as compared to regular ODTs. The selected formulation demonstrated stability for a period of at least 6 months. It was concluded that the ODT of clozapine can be successfully prepared using LS technology in order to improve disintegration and dissolution rate of clozapine in oral cavity.

Keyphrases: Liquisolid, Clozapine, Formulation, Tablet, Orally disintegrating, Superdisintegrant, Dissolution, Stability
Les significations du processus transitionnel de personnes âgées hospitalisées nécessitant un hébergement permanent et vivant de multiples relocalisations

In the province of Quebec, hospitalized older people requiring placement in public intermediate or long-term care facilities can be relocated multiple times within a hospital and between various institutions before a permanent place becomes available. This practice may have consequences on their health. The meanings that older people ascribe to this experience are unknow but can influence the older persons’ transitional process and shape the nature of the impacts on their health and well-being. Based on Meleis’ transition theory (2010), a critical microethnography study was designed aiming to understand the meanings of the transitional process of hospitalized older people requiring placement and living multiple relocations.   The sample consisted of eight older persons who experienced at least two relocations while waiting for definite placement. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and informal conversations. Data analysis followed the six steps method described by Braun and Clarke (2006). The results of this thematic analysis revealed that older people live spatial and temporal discontinuities during their transitional experience to which they assign meanings. These meanings are the perception to live long waiting periods in temporary places, rapid and unannounced relocations and emotional cuts. The uncertainty and helplessness that older people feel at different levels are also meanings that emerge from the transitional process. Another meaning ascribed by older people to their transitional experience is the great importance of "little things" of everyday life.   Knowledge generated from this study has implications in various nursing fields. In particular, they offer ways to improve health and well-being in older people living a transitional process.

Keyphrases: Transition, Relocation, Placement, Older people, Organizational culture, Critical ethnography, Nursing, Long-term care
Analyse de mon langage musical à travers trois œuvres

This memoir is a musical analysis of my musical language through the study of three of my recent works that were composed between 2011 and 2013. It presents a detailed analysis of three compositions of varied instrumentation :  - Akme, for solo piano - Les Yeux d’une fille dans un cimetière, for piano, violin, cello, flute and clarinette - Epitafe, for orchestra  With musical examples taken from these works, I study various components of my approach to musical composition such as extra-musical influences, form, melody, harmony and orchestration.  As introduction to these studies, we find a chapter that speaks of the role that extra-musical influences, form and musical time holds in my work as a composer in general.

Keyphrases: orchestration, poetry, painting, etymology, melody, lyricism, harmony, form, musical analysis
L'étude de la coexistence de mondes musicaux éloignés dans une seule et même pièce

This memoire presents seven of my master’s pieces and my analysis of each one of them around the idea of coexistence of different musical worlds. It explains how this approach is applied to each piece acording to their musical themes and figures, their harmony and their orchestration. It also presents my thoughts on my musical language and on today’s music while shedding light on the evolution of my approach through my master degree. In the pieces I present here, the study of coexistence between different musical worlds is applied principally trough those different points which are generally interrelated : coexistence of musical themes and figures horizontally ; coexistence of musical themes and figures vertically ; coexistence of various musical characters ; coexistence of various orchestration plans ; coexistence of various harmonies (polyharmony). Some of these aspects will be more important depending on the piece analysed. The analysis of my pieces will not be presented in a chronological order of composition. What justifies their order of presentation is the path I followed in the course of my master’s degree : from « pure » music  composition to music inspired by extramusical materials. I will present the seven works, divided in three sections, that I composed through my master’s degree : 1. Instrumental works (three pieces) : Mille chemins, Nos voix en lumière, Skye 2. Vocal works (two pieces) : Tous et chacun, La saison nouvelle  3. Synthesis works (two pieces) : Odyssée festive, Ariane

Keyphrases: Coexistence, Instrumental, Extra-musical, Eclecticism, Polytonality, Poetry
L'assimilation rock de la musique romantique par le groupe Muse

This thesis looks at the citation of Romantic works by the British rock group Muse, based on about ten songs representative of its style. While it is not uncommon for a rock band to use a previous work to write a new song, Muse constitutes a particular case since it makes very little use of literal citation. This study is based primarily on the theories of Gérard Genette and James Peter Burkholder and classifies the borrowings in various categories, including allusion, paraphrase, programmatic citation, cumulative arrangement and modeling. For example, with modeling, Muse assimilates the borrowing in order to communicate a Romantic dimension in its music, similar to a pastiche. At least five songs of the band evoke Rachmaninov’s Piano Concerto no. 2 : “Megalomania”, “Ruled by Secrecy”, “Space Dementia”, “Butterflies and Hurricanes” and the instrumental prelude to “Survival”. This thesis also analyses the allusion to Tchaïkovski’s Piano Concerto no. 1 in “Hoodoo”, the paraphrase of the idée fixe from Berlioz’s Symphonie fantastique in “Glorious” and the citation of Saint-Saëns’ opera Samson and Delilah in “I Belong to You”. This technique has an impact on the songs’ reception. For example, the coda of the song “United States of Eurasia” seeks to describe the state of innocence threatened by war, by combining children’s laughter with Chopin’s Nocturne op. 9 no 2, thus evoking nostalgia of a bygone era.

Keyphrases: Muse, Citation, Rachmaninov, Rock, Influence, Signification musicale, Borrowing, Musical meaning, Transtextuality, Hypertextuality
Dérivation de cellules souches pluripotentes induites autologues à partir du clonage somatique équin

For veterinarians, regenerative medicine in horses has focused mainly in the use of stem cells for arthritis, tendon and ligament repair, indicating a need for treating musculoskeletal injuries. The recent developments in cell reprogramming have paved the way for alternative cell sources for stem cell therapies. Autologous pluripotent stem cell lines can be derived from adult cells either by direct reprogramming through induced expression of pluripotency genes (iPS) or indirectly by reprogramming through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) followed by the derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESC). However, outcome efficiencies of SCNT and iPS protocols are invariably low, indicating that alone neither of these reprogramming routes is sufficient for deriving genetically and epigenetically stable pluripotent stem cells. We hereby report on the production of autologous equine iPS cells by combining SCNT and iPS reprogramming protocols. Adult skin fibroblasts were used for SCNT, and the resulting cloned embryos were either used to obtain cloned fetal fibroblast cells (ntFF), or used for ESC culture (ntES). Cells were then transfected with reprogramming factors to derive autologous iPS cells. Both ntFF-iPS and ntES-iPS cells are capable of extensive proliferation and express important pluripotency factors. However, ntES reprogramming efficiency is significantly higher than ntFF cells, with ntES-iPS colonies forming three times faster. Additionally, ntES-iPS cells showed improved pluripotency marker expression when compared with ntES cells. The results presented in this memoir indicate that stable equine iPS cell lines may be readily obtained from secondary reprogramming of cloned ntFF and ntES cells, opening novel avenues for developing autologous pluripotent stem cell therapies.

Keyphrases: Pluripotent, iPS, ESC, Stem cell, SCNT, Reprogramming, Horse, Autologous, iPSC
Le profil de virulence d' Escherichia coli  intra-utérin permettrait de prédire la métrite postpartum chez la vache laitière

The  objectives  of  this  study  were  to  (1)  determine  whether  there  is  an  association  between  the  presence  of  intra-uterine  Escherichia  coli  in  the  first  week  postpartum  and  the  occurrence of postpartum metritis in the subsequent weeks, (2) determine whether there is an  association between E. coli virulence genes and postpartum metritis, and (3) to assess whether  the  presence  of  these  E.  coli  virulence  genes  could  predict  the  occurrence  of  postpartum  metritis  in  dairy  cows.  Uterine  swabs  were  collected  in  the first  week  postpartum  from  486  Holstein cows and submitted to the laboratory for detection of E. coli. Virulence genes of E.  coli  were  identified  using  the  radioactive  probe  hybridization  method.  A  total  of  252  cows  (52%) were positive for intra-uterine E. coli and 67 cows (13.7%) were positive for postpartum  metritis. Cows positive for intra-uterine E. coli in the first week postpartum had 2.6 times the  odds of developing postpartum metritis compared to negative cows. Most intra-uterine E. coli  possessed one or more ExPEC genes, among which FimH (89%), hlyE (87%), and iss (70%).  Other ExPEC genes such as sitA (23%), fePC (20%) hra1 (20%) malX (14%) tsh (11%) and  others were found with  low prevalence. The presence of the virulence genes kpsMTII and hra1  was associated with 4.3 times each the odds of developing postpartum  metritis compared to  negative cows. The presence of E. coli in the uterus had a positive predictive value of 18%,  while the presence of the genes kpsMTII and hra1 had a positive predictive value of 36% and  31% respectively. The detection of certain virulence genes of E. coli in uterine swabs could  inform about the risk of developing postpartum metritis in dairy cattle. Further studies could  test more virulence genes and aim at developing molecular tests that would be simple, quickly  and easily applicable on farm.

Keyphrases: E. coli, Virulence genes, Postpartum metritis, Dairy cow