NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Le nombre d’Avogadro en prend pour son rhume : l’homéopathie en question

Although there is an increasing body of psychoeducators who rely on evidence-based approaches, it is also common for them to employ alternative methods in the context of their daily practice. More often than not, the validity of these theories has yet to be established. Among the complementary approaches, homeopathy is one that could supposedly treat various psychosocial problems, including ADHD, learning disorders, anxiety, fear, etc. The objective of this article is to determine whether or not such an alternative therapy should be considered an appropriate course of treatment for psychosocial issues as well as all of the other disorders allegedly treated by homeopathy. This article is divided into five parts. Firstly, we discuss the historical background of homeopathy in the context of modern chemistry and pharmacology. The second part of this text is dedicated to what is nowadays referred to as ‘’water memory’’, a concept seized by homeopaths in an attempt to justify their claims regarding the efficiency of products lacking active molecules due to over-dilution. Thirdly, we outline the current state of research concerning the effectiveness of homeopathic treatments. In part four, we briefly demonstrate that veterinary homeopathy isn’t more efficient than homeopathy applied to humans. Finally, in part five, we ponder the ethical issues surrounding the prescription of homeopathic products and the use of vaccines of the same nature in consideration of their potential consequences.

Keyphrases: Pseudosciences, Homeopathy, Water memory, Alternative and complementary medicine, Ethic, Placebo effect
Traité de pensée magique pour jeunes adolescents

In the following text, I begin by presenting the content of the book by Pierre Morency and Valérie Fontaine, Demande et reçois, chapter by chapter. Using a series of false claims, the author attempts to convince young teenagers that they can obtain anything they desire. How? One must simply ask while avoiding doubtful thoughts and critical thinking. The second portion of the text consists of six additional thoughts on the book, some of which are of ethical concern.

Keyphrases: Magical thinking, Esotericism, Ethics
Stabilité temporelle du Thermomètre de détresse et de l'Échelle d'évaluation des symptômes d'Edmonton-révisée chez des parents de survivants d'une tumeur pédiatrique

Purpose: Parents report psychological distress in association with their child's cancer. Reliable tools are needed to measure parental distress over the cancer trajectory. This study aimed to estimate the temporal stability (test-retest reliability) of the Distress Thermometer (DT) and the Depression and Anxiety items of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-revised (ESAS-r-D; -A) in parents of children diagnosed with cancer. Method: Fifty parents (28 mothers, median age = 44) of clinically stable survivors of childhood solid and brain tumours (median 9 years post-diagnosis) completed questionnaires about their own distress (DT, ESAS-r-D and -A, Brief Symptom Inventory-18: BSI-18, Patient Health Questionnaire-9: PHQ-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7: GAD-7) and their children’s quality of life (QoL; Peds Quality of Life: PedsQL) twice, with a month interval between the two assessments. At retest, parents also evaluated life events, which occurred between the two time points. Hierarchical regressions explored moderators for the stability of test measures. Results: Test-retest reliability was r = .79 for the DT, .55 for the ESAS-r-D, and .47 for the ESAS-r-A. The DT was more stable than the ESAS-r-D, -A, and GAD-7. Caseness agreement between test and retest was substantial for the DT, fair for the ESAS-r-D, and slight for the ESAS-r-A.  Instability of the DT could be explained by changes in child physical QoL, but not by other components of QoL or life events. No moderators of stability could be identified for the ESAS-r items. Conclusion: The DT appears to be a stable measure when the respondent's condition is stable. Fluctuations in distress-related constructs may affect the temporal stability of the DT. The lower stability of ESAS-r items may result from different time-lapse instructions. Findings support future validation research on the DT with caregivers in the child's survivorship period.

Keyphrases: Clinical psychology, Distress screening, Reliability, Caregivers, Paediatric oncology
L'influence du degré d'optimisme dans la réinsertion sociale des délinquants

 Context and objectives.  Returning home after prison represent a major turning point in the life of a criminal. For a long time, most studies on offender reintegration have focused their research efforts on factors related to individual characteristics and social influences. However, one aspect that merits further consideration is the subjective experience of offenders, that is to say, how they live and interpret the different circumstances of life they face. The objective of this project is to understand the influence of optimism on the success of reintegration.  Method. A systematic review was conducted  to examine the objectives of this project. Thirteen studies were included in this review.  Results. Optimism appears to have a positive effect on reintegration. Moreover, offenders optimism is influenced by several elements. These elements include motivation, perception of the role of family and peers, sense of control, anticipation of stigma and sense of personal self-efficacy / self-esteem.  Conclusion. Optimism proves to be a key topic of interest in the field of criminology, especially in terms of reintegration. The results suggest that how offenders anticipate their return to society is essential to understand the multiple offending trajectories. Indeed, the most optimistic offenders seem to be those that are doing best when returning to society.

Keyphrases: desistance, criminal careers, reintegration, optimism, prisoners reentry, transition to community
La trajectoire de changement d’hommes ayant vécu des événements potentiellement traumatogènes

This report of internship explores the psychological trauma experienced effect on the change of trajectory of men who served prison sentences and who are currently on parole in an attempt to understand the involved processes of change. To achieve the objective, a qualitative methodology was privileged to establish the life story of men who spent time in prison. Data collection from interviews and from the criminal profile, the correctional plan and the evaluation report of the risk and needs of the subjects was conducted to establish their life trajectory. The analysis shows that the majority of offenders have lived at least one event that can possibly be seen as traumatic and that had a significant impact on their life trajectory. Indeed, it is possible to assume the existence of a link between the traumatic events experienced by the subjects and the problematic behaviors that led them to serve prison sentences.

Keyphrases: Stress, Trauma, Points tournants, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Parole, Desistance, Turning points, Criminal career
La scène musicale populaire autochtone au Québec : dynamiques relationnelles et identitaires

For Aboriginal people in Quebec, music plays a fundamental role in the consolidation and expression of identity in interpersonal, intercultural and spiritual relationships, but also in terms of personal empowerment. This thesis provides an overview of the contemporary Aboriginal popular music scene in Quebec, focusing more specifically on Algonquian communities and demonstrating continuity with musical traditions and ancestral gatherings. Aboriginal popular music is considered as a way of asserting identity and a relationship to the world; the aboriginal popular music scene in Quebec is presented as a network of relationships, and musical events are seen as focal points of an aboriginal community that connect individuals and groups in differentiated ways. According Algonquian traditions, musical acts are used to identify oneself as a particular person and member of a community and the cosmos as well as to maintain relationships with others in the cosmos (human and nonhuman).  Different forms of musical practice are desirable in order to live well and to empower the self in a particular environment. This thesis demonstrates that contemporary popular music and its associated events, albeit in other forms, are continuing a relational sense of ancestral musical traditions in various performative contexts. The contemporary Aboriginal popular music scene network is forged through spaces invested by Aboriginal people of different nations, where they create a "home", a "space for us", and redefine identity in unexpected ways. Singing, especially in Aboriginal languages, is an act of dwelling and cohabitation in an environment that is lived and felt.

Keyphrases: Aboriginal, Popular music, Identity assertion, Relational ontology, Indigenization, Network, Gathering
Une politique concernant les données issues d’un programme de recherches interventionnelles en santé mondiale

Interventional global health research is often carried out through international scientific partnerships. However, the conduct of such research, especially in low-income countries where issues of power, money and intercultural relations are exacerbated, raises many ethical challenges particularly related to responsible conduct in collaborative research. One of these challenges is the storage, access, use and publication of data. Despite the existence of multiple influential policies and documents on ethics and the responsible conduct of research, researchers in intervention research are still not equipped to deal with such challenges. In the context of an intervention research program conducted in Burkina Faso, the authors would like to share their experience in the development of an internal policy concerning their data. After presenting the global and the particular context, the paper presents the process of policy formulation and its adoption by the researchers of an interdisciplinary and international team (Burkina Faso, Canada, France, Germany). The values that entrench this internal policy are: transparency, prevention, consensus about the production process, respect for international principles, free access to the knowledge produced and concerns regarding its dissemination and use. The policy is presented in several parts: aim, types and status of the participating researchers, data storage, access and use of data, scientific production and authorship. The main challenges faced by researchers in formulating this policy are analyzed in a shared desire to spark a debate that is rarely addressed. Trust, transparency and mutual respect should be central to any scientific partnership in intervention research.

Keyphrases: intégrité, publication, intervention research, data, global health, policy, integrity, publication, authorship, responsible conduct of research
Évolution narrative du concept théologique de royauté dans les récits du livre canonique de Daniel

The recent introduction of literary approaches into the field of biblical studies has generated a renewal of interest for the book of Daniel, and has drawn attention both on its literary qualities, and its true social function. The book of Daniel contains two sections: six stories (Daniel 1-6) and four visions (Daniel 7-12). The narratives tell the confrontation between the heavenly divine sovereignty and the earthly human sovereignty, through the story of Daniel and his friends, young Israelites exiled in the Babylonian court. The narrative method explores the narratology of the text by performing an inventory of the fundamental characteristic of a story: plot, characters, setting, temporality, and narrative voice. This study offers a systematic narrative criticism of the stories of the canonical book of Daniel, as a way to examine the narrative evolution of the theological concept of sovereignty. This approach provides access to a textual level where intertextuality, irony, symbolism and polysemy permeate these highly subversive narratives.

Keyphrases: bible, Daniel 1-6, bible, Daniel 1-6, God, kingship, narrative criticism, narratology, sovereignty, theology
Role of E3-ligase parkin in mitochondrial quality control in a cardiotoxicity model to anthracyclines

Mitochondria are becoming the focus of many studies because of their increasingly important role in cellular damage and related myopathies. Their endogenous quality control mechanisms are recognized for their crucial role in mitochondrial health. In our study, we attempted to determine if the deficit of mitophagy in Parkin deficient mice would cause an exacerbation of mitochondrial dysfunctions usually induced by doxorubicin. We have analyzed the impact of the ablation of Parkin in response to treatment with doxorubicin at the level of cardiac functions, mitochondrial functions as well as mitochondrial enzymology. Our results demonstrated that at baseline, the absence of Parkin didn’t induce cardiac pathologies but was associated with many mitochondrial dysfunctions. Doxorubicin induced respiratory dysfunctions, mitochondrial oxidative stress as well as greater susceptibility to permeability transition pore (PTP) opening. Finally, contrary to our hypothesis, the absence of Parkin, didn’t exacerbate mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by doxorubicin and seemed to have a protective effect.

Keyphrases: respiration, ROS, mPTP, parkin, mitochondria, cardiac muscle, mitophagy, doxorubicin
Dévotion à la Divine Miséricorde selon Sainte Maria Faustyna Kowalska : 
rituels, pratiques et croyances dans une paroisse montréalaise

The life and mission of Saint Sister Maria Faustyna Kowalska (1905-1938) gave birth to a great devotion to the Divine Mercy in Cracow, Poland. The novelty of the message of the Divine Mercy compared with the other devotions of the Catholic church, comes from is the Messages that Sister Faustyna received from Jesus between 1931 and 1938 that marks the beginning of the Divine Mercy Devotion with the command to paint an image according to the pattern that she had seen through an apparition and have this image venerated throughout the world. Came also the revelations of the Chaplet and of the Feast of Mercy to be celebrated on the first Sunday after Easter. During World War II, from 1940 on, the Devotion to The Divine Mercy began to spread throughout the world and was first introduced to Canada in the year 1957 by two immigrant Ladies of the Polish nobility.  My research begins in the parish of Notre-Dame-des-Septs-Douleurs, where is situated «L’Oeuvre de Jésus Miséricordieux» in Verdun  and concerns the various rituals and religious expressions lived by peoples who devote themselves to the Divine Mercy in their everyday life. I am interested in the development of their spiritual life, their beliefs and practice that involve different postures of the body, movements and methods to concentrate in prayer, which can lead the devotees into spiritual experiences.

Keyphrases: Religion, Anthropology, Devotion, Ritual, Body, Mind, Spirit, Soul, Spiritual experience
Assessing inequities in active transportation : does the effect of walkable built environments vary according to neighbourhood socioeconomic status?

Researchers have called for policymakers to modify the built environment determinants of active travel in low SES areas in the hopes of reducing disparities in physical activity and health. However, different population sub-groups may be differently responsive to the built environment. Researchers have examined whether the influence of walkable built environments on active transportation differs for those of different socio-economic status and have obtained mixed results. These equivocal findings could be due to the way the built environment measures were determined. More specifically, most studies have examined walkability in residential settings ignoring non-residential destinations. This study examined socio-economic status as a moderator of the relationship between the built environment and active transportation using a trip level analyses with measures of built environment exposure derived from the estimated spatial trajectory of transport trips. All three of the environmental variables, connectivity, density of business and services, and land-use mix, were found to have a greater association with AT if the individual undergoing the trip was from a high socioeconomic status neighbourhood. Our findings suggest that even when the built environment is favourable for AT there may be social or physical barriers that prevent those from low socio-economic status neighbourhoods from benefitting from built environments that are conducive to active transportation.

Keyphrases: active transportation, socioeconomic status, walkable, built environment, connectivity, density of destination, land-use mix
Le concept de double-usage de la recherche : un outil diagnostique de l’analyse éthique des risques associés aux usages neuroamélioratifs de la recherche en neurosciences

Transcranial stimulation technologies – such as tDCS and TMS – currently provide promising therapeutic outcomes, as well as various cognitive improvements in healthy individuals, leading to different and relatively prospective neuroenhancement applications outside clinical or research contexts. In this thesis, a concept that has typically been associated with research regarding national security implications and prospects associated with a high level of risk – i.e., the concept of “dual-use” – will be deployed to analyze the risks of neuroscience applications being diverted from their primary research objectives, along with the related ethical concerns (e.g., autonomy, justice, physical integrity). By revising the dichotomous definition of dual-use research as involving either ‘good’ or ‘bad’ uses, I propose to extend the concept in order to consider neuroenhancement as a misuse of neuroscience research, with reference to the conflict between, on the one hand, protecting academic freedom and progress, and on the other, promoting security and public health. This concept is a pertinent diagnostic tool for the evaluation of risks associated with a neuroenhancement use of those technologies – and more especially tDCS – when considering how best to regulate these devices prior to the appearance of their utilisation, due to the precautionary principle inherent in dual-use research. This concept can also help to set out proactive and contextualized governance mechanisms based on the shared responsibility of a broad range of stakeholders, something that is necessary given the rapid advances in neuroscience research and the imminence of such devices coming onto the market.

Keyphrases: tDCS, Dual-use research, neuroenhancement, ethics, brain stimulation
Effets d'un programme d'exercices aérobie et en résistance, combinés, chez les patients atteints de fibrose kystique, intolérants au glucose ou diabétiques

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common rare diseases in Canada with a median age of survival of 50.9 years. However, the improvement in life expectancy is associated with the emergence of secondary complications such as CF related diabetes (CFRD). Present in 25 to 40 % of adults, CFRD is associated with decreased lung function and weight as well as a 6 times increase in risk of morbidity and mortality. CFRD is primarily caused by insulinopenia, however, insulin resistance contribution remains controversial in CF. Recent studies in type 2 diabetes described an improvement of glycemic control in patients undertaking combined exercise program (aerobic & resistance).  In CF, an improvement in insulin sensitivity may result in improved glucose tolerance. There is currently no study demonstrating that exercise improves glucose tolerance in patients with CF. The aim of this study is to determine, in CF patients, if a combined exercise program is beneficial to improve glucose values at the 2nd hour of the OGTT.  Method: 18 sedentary adults with CF and with abnormal glucose tolerance were recruited for this study (8 men, 10 women, age: 33 ± 9.4 years, FEV1 71.5% pred ± 12.5, BMI 23.57 kg/m2 ± 3.4). Participants were randomly assigned to a control or exercise group. VO2max, OGTT, muscular endurance and strength, and quality of life were measured pre and post intervention. Results: 14 participants completed the protocol.  Participants from exercise group improved their plasmatic glucose at the 2nd hour of OGTT (-2.34 +/- 0.87 mmol/L; p < 0.01; CI 99.22%), at 1st hour of OGTT (-2.0 mmol/L; p<0.05) and presented a reduction of 17.2% (p<0.05) in the total glucose area under the curve. Conclusion: Combined exercise program improves glycemic control in CF patients. This non pharmacological approach could have the potential to delay the onset of CFRD.

Keyphrases: cystic fibrosis related diabetes, combined exercise, glucose tolerance
Validation d’une échelle d’observation comportementale du confort d’enfants brûlés lors de procédures douloureuses

An interdisciplinary team of a pediatric university teaching hospital in the Montreal area, who treats  annually a considerable number of child burn victims, developed a behavioral observation scale on the comfort of children of 7 years of age and less during painful procedures «Échelle d’observation comportementale du confort d’enfants brûlés» (OCCEB- BECCO). The goal of this study was to initiate the validation of OCCEB-BECCO, a new tool for evaluation of comfort for child burn victims. With samples of 16 patients and 5 experts, we proceeded to the evaluation of content validity, internal consistency and criterion validity. Results have shown adequate content validity, internal consistency with (T1) r = 0,96 p < 0,0001, (T2) r = 0,95 p < 0,0001, (T3) r = 0,95 p < 0,0001 and criterion validity with Cronbach alpha at 0,82. A future study with a larger sample and on a longer period of time would be required to pursue validation of this new scale.

Keyphrases: Confort, Brûlés, Enfants, Procedural pain, Comfort, Burns, Scale, Children, Content validity, Criterion validity, Internal consistency