NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
L’Association des Indiens du Québec (1965-1977) et le militantisme autochtone dans le Québec des années 1960-1970

Founded in 1965, the Indians of Quebec Association (IQA) was the first Pan-Indian organization that sought to bring together all of the Indigenous communities in Quebec within the same political association. Widely neglected in the historiography, it was nonetheless actively involved in political debates about Indigenous issues in the 1960s and 1970s.  This thesis undertakes a two-pronged exploration the history of the Association. First, by studying its political history chronologically, our goal is to bring to light the role it played on Canadian and Quebec political scene. By gradually carving out a discursive space, the Indians of Quebec Association became the predominant agent speaking on behalf of the “Indian” populations in Quebec, championing issues that had been barely discussed previously in the province’s political sphere. Secondly, we addresses the social history of the Association by exploring the question of identity and its impacts, internal and external. Throughout its existence, the IQA defines itself as the representative of the “Indians of Quebec”, an identity that, although related to the legal definition enshrined in the Indian Act, also was the manifestation of a political will to unite disparate communities sharing a history and common problems This thesis, consistent with recent developments in Indigenous history and Quebec history, proposes to investigate an organization and a period that has not been studied by researchers, but which was nonetheless formative in the history of contemporary Indigenous activism.

Keyphrases: Organisation autochtone, Revendications territoriales, Indigenous activism, Indigenous organizations, Land claims, Indigenous-Québécois relations, "Indian" identity, Pan-Indianism
La série Mad Men : une élégie de la révolution créative dans les années soixante

This thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the American television drama series Mad Men as a representation of the creative revolution in the United States. Through the fictional advertising agency, Sterling Cooper & Partners and its charismatic creative director, Don Draper, the series embodies the white collar corporate culture and the new challenges incurred by the organizational man in the sixties. Based on the historicism, a method borrowed from the postmodern theories, this historical study analyses the way in which Mad Men represents this decade through the interpretation of some popular sources from that period such as novels, films or magazines. These kinds of documents are read as an expression of specific values and attitudes characteristic of the sixties; meanwhile they serve as a tool for criticizing a few common ideas about this period. Mad Men allows us to understand how the revolution in advertising techniques occurs against the backdrop of a society where the big social issues remained unsolved. In contrast to the image of a decade usually associated with civil rights movements or the Vietnam war, this new production brings up some forgotten aspects of the decade such as the male chauvinism of the corporate world, the repression of women, the prejudices against ethnics, the suburban false paradise. Due to its iconoclastic vision of the happy days, Mad Men has gained a cult status worldwide. Run on the cable network AMC between 2007 and 2015, the series has not only been highly rated, but it has been praised by critics and awarded many times.

Keyphrases: Mad Men, United States, TV drama series, The Sixties, The creative revolution, White collars, Corporate culture, World War Two
La position des centrales syndicales et des organisations patronales à l'égard de l'immigration au Québec, de 1965 à 1995

This study addresses the subject of immigration in Québec by comparing the point of views of the major trade unions and managing organisations from 1965 to 1995. The studied organisations are of the employer’s side: Quebec Council of Employers (Conseil du patronat du Québec (CPQ) in French) and the Chamber of Commerce of Metropolitan Montreal (Chambre de commerce du Montreal métropolitain (CCDM) in French). On the labor-side, we analyze the point of view of the main trade unions organizations: the Confederation of National Trades Unions (Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), the Quebec Federation of the Workers (Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ) and the Quebec Teachers Union (Centrale de l’enseignement du Quebec (CEQ). With the constant increase of the number of immigrants and the diversification of their origins, the studied period is characterized by the will of the government from Quebec to take responsibility of policies on immigration and integration of the immigrants to the Quebec society. Eager to intervene together with the federal government, he creates, in 1968, a Ministry of Immigration. Throughout the period under review, negotiations between the provincial and federal governments have resulted in agreements that define the margin for maneuver of the Québec government and guide its actions regarding immigration and integration. During the 1980s, he adopted a policy of integration and mentoring of immigrants, which it termed interculturalism, which was supposed to promote the recognition of ethnocultural diversity and the adhesion of all the citizens to the French language. By participating in the government public consultations and making presentations, employers’ and central union organizations try to influence immigration policies. Each organization develops a particular way of analyzing the immigration related issues. To a large extent, their speeches coincide with the idea that the government of Quebec should take care of the immigration and on the beneficial contribution of immigrants to Quebec society. In many cases, however, they were opposed to standards of selection and on how to implement immigration policies.

Keyphrases: Centrales syndicales, Immigration, XXe siècle, Trade unions, Management organizations, Immigration, Federal-Provincial Politics, XX century
Revealing new dynamics in the industrial city : a study of human/horse relations in Montreal's public space, 1860-1916

My research aims to better understand how human-horse relations were negotiated in Montreal at a time when the city is in the process of industrialization. I show how the idea of "Progress" is embodied in Montreal and brings about important changes in the way people see, literally and allegorically, the city in relation to the place given to animals, and more specifically horses, between 1860 and 1916. Based on an analysis of data collected in the Archives de Montréal, the McCord Museum Archives, the BAnQ and McGill University Archives, such as the Montreal Police Commission's funds and municipal by-laws, as well as images, photographs, maps, plans and journal articles I demonstrate how these changing relations inscribe themselves onto the city which is becoming industrial. To achieve this, this research project examines the issue using three exploratory and sometimes experimental methods. First, the question of municipal regulations and how to approach the agency of horses is examined. Then, through newspaper articles from the Parks and Playgrounds Association, we look at the space shared by horses in Mount Royal Park. Finally, we examine, by 3D modeling, the street corner of Sherbrooke and Guy, as well as trace the movement of the horses of coachmen to visualise the changes brought about in the urban cadaster and its impact on human/horse relations.

Keyphrases: relations humains-animaux, Montréal, negotiating space, human-animal relations, environmental history, urban history, Mount Royal park, modeling, Montreal
Économie morale et activité marchande dans le district de Montréal (1791-1815) : l’importance de la confiance et de la réputation

This thesis provides an analysis of the relationship between reputation and the exchange of financial credit through the examination of defamatory libel lawsuits filed between the years 1791 and 1815 in the district of Montreal.  The study shows that reputation, which is protected under libel laws, has a regulatory effect on the public sphere and opinion. It controls open discourse and correspondence, along with all other forms of literature capable of defamation. In addition to providing a framework for freedom of expression, reputation shapes Montreal’s economic market; it is a means of generating trust that is employed by both creditors and debtors. Conversely, any damage to reputation compromises the exchange. Thus, this master’s thesis investigates the concept of reputation as a social and economic regulator of inter-personal relations at the turn of the 19th century.

Keyphrases: Reputation, Credit, Public sphere, Social regulation, Moral economy, History
La construction des représentations genrées et racialisées de Catherine de Médicis par les Monarchomaques et les Malcontents (1573-1576)

This study of gendered and racialized representations of Catherine de Medicis examines how misogygny, anti-italianism and hatred of the parvenu in XVIth century France served to shape this queen’s black legend. Such discourses, as contained in Monarchomaques and Malcontents’ lampoons published in 1573-1576, strongly convey misogynous, xenophobics and “anti-parvenus” critiques of the queen mother’s government, a time when her representations shifted to profound contempt, and formulate a very real theory of monarchial power. These libels, participating in the debates about the nature of French monarchy during the age of religious wars, as well as this analysis of Caterine de Medicis’ representations through the lens of intersectionality, provide us with more information about the dynamics of monarchy’s profound transformations into modern times, as well as unveils the gendered and racialized representation of nobility and of the monarchial ideals as promoted by these libelists.

Keyphrases: Monarchomaques, Malcontents, Genre, Parvenu, Caterina de’ Medicis, Representations, Gender, Italians, Absolutism
L’imaginaire évolutionniste dans les Mémoires de la Société royale du Canada (1882-1894)

This thesis explores the place of cultural evolutionism in the early years of the Royal Society of Canada. It represents a contribution to the cultural and social history of the Canadian intellectual world. The research is based on an analysis of papers dealing with the Aboriginal question presented in the Transactionsbetween 1882 and 1894. The period overlaps with some of the years in which the Canadian government developed and implemented a colonial policy in the west of the country. This story of the Royal Society of Canada's production offers an original perspective on the country's scientific history and the importance of the institution in developing certain racialized discourses. The publications reveal in particular the importance of linguistic anthropology in spreading the evolutionary paradigm. This study presents the indices of the development of this paradigm through certain interactions among members of the Royal Society of Canada. Adherence to evolutionary rhetoric is evident in the Aboriginal literature in the Transactions, particularly through the manipulation of linguistic theories that produce hierarchical classifications.

Keyphrases: Evolutionism, Royal Society of Canada, Anthropology, Native Canadians, linguistics, paradigm
La Babylone des marins : Marins hauturiers à Montréal 1851-1896

Thanks to state-sponsored dredging operations, Montreal had become a true seaport by the second half of the 19e century. Transatlantic ships regularly visited the harbour during the seven-month shipping season. Hence, from May to November, a large number of seamen set foot in the city.  The purpose of this paper will be to study these merchant seamen ashore. The sailors, forming a group distinct from the colonial population, though physically close to the heart of the old city, were marginalised, drawing attention to themselves mostly when they transgressed some social norm. Their doings on land will be described using mainly three different spaces belonging to the harbour front as starting points for our investigation. We will look at the harbour basins, witness to both drownings and salvage operations; the docks, where the stealing of cargo was more or less standard fare; and the nearby watering hole, where sailors quenched their thirst and looked for companionship. Their inclination to fight and to drink significant quantities of alcohol, their proximity to the indigenous laboring poor marked them as suspect. To keep an eye on them and impose order on the docks, a special force, The Montreal Water Police, was set up during the boating season. Sailors were considered potential treats to maritime trade, since conflicts between the lower and upper-decks sometimes ended in desertion, thus disrupting the flow of commerce. For much of the period, the federal authorities tried to repress crimping, since crimps, acting as illegal recruiters basically controlled the sailor’s labour market. Amidst the violence and instability which characterised the labour market, sailors were both victims and benefactors of the standoff between crimps and government officials.  To conclude, we will argue the presence of sailors in the second half of the 19th century had an influence on the development of the Montreal harbour front; making this neighbourhood something akin to a “sailortown”, a place both physical and spiritual where the maritime culture found its expression ashore.

Keyphrases: Port, Canada, Crimping, Histoire Maritime, Sailortown, Harbour, Seaman, Sailor, Maritime History
Santé et mobilité à Cuba : la fragmentation spatiale induite par l’industrie du tourisme médical

Medical tourism – the fact of travelling to receive medical treatments – has recently received great attention from the scientific community. Several studies on the subject reveal that the medical tourism industry uses health as a tool to generate profit. The way medical spaces are refashioned to meet the foreign patients’ needs exposes a field of power between the patients’ country of origin and the destination country. Our research project is interested in unravelling this field of power between the Province of Quebec and Cuba, and seeks to determine if the new mobilities related to healthcare initiate processes of spatial fragmentation. Medical tourism could be considered as a large network that opposes several levels of mobility. By integrating this network, Québécois patients practice a medical transnationalism that manifests itself in their way of expressing their medical experience in Cuba. The similarity between their discourse and the one of the institutional actors who construct international spaces suggests a reconfiguration of the Cuban medical space, oriented toward their expectations. The unequal access to the right to mobility coupled with the appropriation of the Cuban medical space by foreign patients induce spatial fragmentation and unveil a field of power between, in the present case study, Canada and Cuba.

Keyphrases: Cuba, Fragmentation spatiale, Medical tourism, Mobility, Transnationalism, Spatial fragmentation, Health
Insects tell a story : a web interwoven with entomology and Naskapi knowledge in Kawawachikamach

In Kawawachikamach insects are pollinators and predators of culturally important plants, vectors of disease, and sources of annoyance for humans and culturally important animals. There is a rising concern amongst Naskapi that climate change and its effects on insect abundance, distribution, composition, and phenology impacts the ways in which people connect with the land. Insect sampling at three peatland sites during the 2015 and 2016 summer breeding seasons revealed that Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Araneae are the most represented taxa. Mosquitoes (Culicidae) and black flies (Simuliidae) sustain highly dense populations in the region and are considered to be important pests for humans and animals. Additional work is needed to determine if their abundance, distribution, composition, and phenology depends on the composition and density of flowers at the study sites. Based on results from the yellow pan trap method, wolf spiders (Lycosidae) are amongst the most abundant ground-dwelling arthropods in the region. Paleoecological work suggests a shift from aquatic to non-aquatic species at the local scale, concurrent with the disappearance of Cladocera, Trichoptera and the truly aquatic acarian genera: Limnozetes and Hydrozetes. Questionnaires conducted with community members reveal larger-sized insects, an increase in their numbers, an earlier spring-time emergence, and the appearance of new species over the past 50 years.  Land-based activities for Naskapi youth, a traveling art exhibit, and our presence at the Montreal First Peoples’ festival, were opportunities for youth and members of the community to be involved in research activities and to create a space for discourse around insect-plant-human relationships across cultures and spaces.

Keyphrases: Entomologie, Ethnoentomologie, Entomology, Naskapi Knowledge, Subarctic, Climate change, Research-action-creation, Paleoecology, Ethnoentomology, Arthropods
La théorie de la névrose chez C.G. Jung : la guérison psychique de l’homme moderne par le recouvrement d’une attitude religieuse : l’apport de l’hindouisme et de la culture orientale

This study is a critical analysis of the theory of a Swiss psychiatrist name Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961). It first presents the problem on neurosis and draws a brief portrait of the linked concept. It then explores the methodological approach in his analysis of Oriental religions and the epistemology at the basis of his enterprise. It also analyzes his theory of religion in order to replace his remarks in their context of reference. This part of the analysis is centered mainly on the notion of the Self, which leads us to expose the positive aspect of the unconscious, but also the concept of shadow. These elements will allow us to understand the process of psychic healing that Jung proposes. Finally, it gives an in-depth account of the psychiatrist's vision of the East, especially Hinduism, with the aim of discovering how this religion can contribute to the acquisition of a new attitude that is beneficial to modern man.

Keyphrases: Orient, Psychology, Hinduism, Carl Jung, Materialism, Mystic participation, Religion, Neurosis, East
Vers une éthique écoféministe et interspirituelle de l’eau : dialogue entre néopaganisme, christianisme et traditions autochtones en Amérique du Nord

Water is an essential element to life on Earth. Since the 1970s, in the context of an ecological crisis without precedent, to protect it becomes urgent. With this new awareness spiritual ecologists have elaborated new ecological ethics challenging human domination on nature. Some Christians realised the urgency of the situation, and an emergent neopaganism was motivated by those ecological issues. Systemic negation of Native people too often excludes them from environmental dialogues, while their traditional knowledges help protect water in North America. Could an interspiritual dialogue be a pathway to elaborate new water ethics in solidarity with all life? “Inter” dialogues are promising for ecological justice because they help build fairer practices. An interspiritual and ecofeminist dialogue between “living” stories and ecological myths and rituals helps identify ecocentered water ethics. First, an analysis of myths and rituals devoted to wild salmon, which are now endangered species, inspires us to “free” the course of rivers and salmons. The study of water-healing rites next highlights the necessity of an active defense of planet Earth and of all life. Finally, an “inter” analysis of water symbolism brings out that water, in those diverse traditions, helps the understanding and the inner process of healing, a necessary prerequisite to ecosystemic equilibrium.

Keyphrases: Dialogue, Water, Ecology, Interreligious, Ecotheology, Neopaganism, Indigenous, Christianity, Ecofeminism, Ethics
Une analyse intersectionnelle des relations entre féministes islamiques et séculières au Québec

In Quebec, the recent debates surrounding feminism have been mainly concentrated on Muslim women’s religious clothing as a threat to gender equality. These debates changed the feminist landscape as many feminist groups adopted different polarized political positions. For instance, some secular feminists have publicly encouraged law enforcement to circumscribe religious signs to the private sphere in order to protect women’s emancipation, while others have defended the agency of religious women and their right to do so publicly. Islamic feminists have adopted a feminist anticolonial approach to reiterate the importance of gender equality and women’s emancipation embedded in the acceptance of diversity. In this context, this Master’s thesis wants to explore the relations between secular and Islamic feminists in Quebec, and the influence of these relations on the feminist claims of the latter.  For this study, I conducted an ethnographic fieldwork with Islamic feminists in the Montreal area. The observations and interviews, analyzed through intersectionality theories, have enabled me to suggest that several secular feminists in Quebec have a stereotyped vision of Muslim women. They victimise Islamic feminists and struggle to recognize their own colonialist attitudes toward them. This situation undermines the struggles to improve women’s rights Islamic feminists want to do within Muslim communities. However, despite the tensions between those two feminist movements, there is a dialogue, particularly with younger secular feminists.

Keyphrases: Islam, Islamic feminism, Secular feminism, Secularization in Quebec, Secularism, Intersectionality, Ethnography
Caractérisation séquentielle du Jésus johannique et reconstruction mentale lors de l’acte de lecture en Jn 2,23-3,21

The present study presents a narrative approach of the fourth Gospel. Indeed, this research is based on a synchronic reading emphasizing the careful study of the rhetorical effects produced by long narrative sequences of the gospel for the implicit reader. This method allows, among other things, to benefit from two approaches, one that considers the paradigmatic set of features of a character and another that is interested in their sequential dispersion. This method will then be applied to a study of the identity of Jesus, which is a theme that is at the heart of the Johannine sequence 1,19 to 4,54. In the past, many have attempted to characterize the Johannine Jesus without, however, considering the text as a long-term process since literary materials are extended in the space of the text and reach the reader's conscience only in a sequence marked by time2. The model proposed in this study also considers the work of the reader who is involved in filling the blanks and linking the sequential elements scattered in the space of the text. Moreover, our model presents these elements according to the mental operations that structure the act of reading. Therefore, we introduce a study of the sequential characterization of the Johannine Jesus, according to a model of mental reconstruction during the act of reading, in Jn 2,23-3,21.

Keyphrases: Narratology, Reader-response ., Characterization, Johannine, Act of reading, Christology, Nicodemus, Sequence