NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Modéliser le processus d’appropriation du feed-back en évaluation du potentiel pour en optimiser les retombées positives auprès des candidats

Feedback appropriation has been the subject of several theoretical models in the context of performance evaluation, namely by Ilgen, Fisher, and Taylor (1979), who proposed a model explaining how feedback elicits behavioural change. This model has been applied in various research areas, but has yet to be adapted to a specific context in which feedback is given. This thesis proposes a feedback appropriation model inspired by Ilgen et al. (1979) that reflects the specific characteristics of individual psychological assessment. The model is divided into three stages, which are cognitive appropriation (comprised of acceptance and insight), the intention to act in accordance with feedback, and behavioural appropriation. The present thesis includes three articles that pursue the following objectives: (1) Propose a theoretical model on feedback appropriation adapted to the context of individual psychological assessment. (2) Validation of a measure of cognitive appropriation, combining acceptance and insight. (3) Empirical testing of the model of feedback appropriation in the context of individual psychological assessment.  The first article presents the nature of individual psychological assessment practice and seeks to define feedback appropriation in this context. Thereafter, Ilgen et al.’s (1979) feedback model is reviewed and modified based on psychological individual assessment context. Support for links between the different stages of the model are subsequently shown using various theories and empirical studies. The article concludes with a reflection on the theoretical and practical implications of the revised model. The goal of the second article is to develop and validate a measure of cognitive appropriation that includes two dimensions, acceptance and insight. This was accomplished by way of two studies conducted on candidates having received feedback following an individual psychological assessment. Exploratory factor analyses (N= 111), followed by confirmatory factor analyses (N= 178) were conducted. Links between each dimension of cognitive appropriation and key variables were tested in order to support the validity of the instrument. The results confirmed the presence of both proposed dimensions, and observations based on these findings are discussed. The third article seeks to empirically verify the anticipated relationships between elements of the feedback appropriation model outlined in the first article. The first two stages of the model, cognitive appropriation and intention to act, were measured using a questionnaire completed immediately following feedback received by 178 candidates. These participants were solicited three months later in order to complete a second questionnaire concerning the third stage, behavioural appropriation, 97 of which responded. Structural equation analyses supported the model and a discussion on the significance of these results follows.

Keyphrases: Appropriation, Feedback, Individual psychological assessment, Modelling
Paul Chamberland, de Parti pris à la contre-culture

In the early 70's, Paul Chamberland, co-founder of the journal Parti pris, abandons nationalism to embrace the counterculture’s ideals. This master thesis examines the continuity of this discursive and poetic conversion by overcoming the temptation to see this as an absolute denial of the poet’s own political views. Using the literary pragmatic, more particulary the notions of constitutive discourse, of ethos and of scenography as developped by Dominique Maingueneau, we will consider two collections of poetry which captures the iconic political positions advocated by Chamberland at the time he wrote each one, namely L’afficheur hurle and Éclats de la pierre noire d’où rejaillit ma vie. We will see how the discursive positioning of Chamberland configurate his poetic work according to an humanist ideal of human progress which lies in the liberation of man from his alienation. Thus, the neonationalism and the counterculture, according to what they define each as the cause of this alienation, closely define the scenography adopted by the two books. It will then be possible to see how the colonial demystification displayed by L’afficheur hurle is continued and radicalized by the desire to escape the technocratic intrumentalization of reason, as explored by Chamberland in his Éclats de la pierre noire d’où rejaillit ma vie.

Keyphrases: Paul Chamberland, Parti pris, Paul Chamberland, Parti pris, Counterculture, Poetry, Pragmatics
Le film d'enquête portant sur les tueurs en série : l'avènement d'un sous-genre et l'exception de Zodiac

This memoir’s main concern is the study of the serial killer movie and, more specifically the case of Zodiac directed by David Fincher in 2007. By proceding with comparative analysis concerning the structure, the themes and the public’s reception, we are able to highlight key elements that may explain Zodiac’s commercial failure. In the first section, we study the elements that are specific to the serial killer movie. Hence, we are able to conclude that this film corpus would be best categorised as a sub-genre of the crime film genre. Furthermore, we study the social and media purposes of the serial killer and detective archetypes to acheive a better understansding of the american public’s fascination towards this sub-genre. The second section investigates how Zodiac breaks away from the generic conventions and how the film narrative demystifies the serial killer figure. We have also brought up the film peculiar form, which, via the characters, illustrates the spectatorial process of mise en récit . The third section studies the way Zodiac establishes a rupture in the spectator’s expectations of the sub-genre and provokes the fall of its collective imagery.

Keyphrases: Genre, Film, Zodiac, Fincher, Crime, Cinema, Genre, Serial killer, Movie, Investigation, Fincher, Thriller, Detective
La bande-annonce, un film amplifié

Our project focuses on the relationship between the trailer and the film it presents, specifically, how the re-editing of the trailer amplify the film. First, we conducted an intertextual and aesthetic analysis of five contemporary trailers by identifying the specific concept of each example and by isolating what we called the effects of emphasis, that is to say accentuation  of certain qualities of the film through the editing of the trailer. We then explored conceptually the transforming logic of the trailer considering complementary ideas: attractive editing, open structure and the evocation of a virtual memory.

Keyphrases: trailer, editing, aesthetics, rhetoric, intertextuality
Facteurs de résolution des enquêtes de meurtres sexuels

The aim of our study was to determine the characteristics of the modus operandi involved in sexual murder predicting clearance of police investigation. Our sample involved 265 sexual murders of women codified in the ViCLAS. The comparison between solved sexual murders (N = 178) and unsolved sexual murders (N = 87), should also help to identify the differences between issues of the investigation, the killer strategies to avoid detection and the factors predicting clearance. According to logistic regression analysis, murders involving use of a weapon, use of a blindfold/gag and aggression involving home intrusion or robbery are more likely to be cleared. On the opposite, when the murderer takes an object from the crime scene or when victim is stomped, the clearance rate decreases. These variables reflect a lack of criminal skills which can drive the murderer to make more mistakes. In general, our study reveals that close contact between the aggressor and the victim favors the dispersion of proofs facilitating the work of investigators. Such proofs are more likely to be spread when there is vaginal or anal penetration. The same process is involved when the victim is beaten or bitten. Moreover, most of the sexual murders are not able to clean the crime scene to avoid apprehension because of limited criminal skills. Finally, the low proportion of sexual and violence acts hinders the process of resolution. The same thing is observed concerning the limited impact of databases and specialization of sexual murderer.

Keyphrases: clearance factor, sexual murder, modus operandi, modus operandi, detection avoidance, dissuasion restrictive, restrictive detterence
Étude de la réponse aiguë à l'exercice intermittent à haute intensité chez le patient coronarien

High-intensity interval training has been shown to be more effective than moderate intensity continuous training for improving maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and metabolic profile in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, no evidence supports the prescription of one specific protocol of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in this population. We have compared the acute cardiopulmonary responses to four different sessions of HIIE in order to identify the most optimal one in CHD patients. In random fashion, subjects performed the different HIIE sessions, all with exercise phases at 100% of maximal aerobic power (MAP), but which varied in interval duration (15 s or 60 s) and type of recovery (0% of MAP or 50% of MAP). Each protocol lasted 35 minutes or until exhaustion. When considering perceived exertion, patient comfort and time spent above 80% of VO2max, we found that repeated bouts of 15s at 100% of MAP interspersed by 15s phases of passive recovery was the optimal HIIE session for these coronary patients. Then, we compared the physiological responses to the optimized HIIE versus a moderate intensity continuous training (MICE) protocol of similar energy expenditure in coronary patients. When considering physiological responses, safety (no elevation of Troponin T) and perceived exertion, the HIIE protocol appeared to be well tolerated and more efficient in this group of stable coronary patients. Finally, a single bout of HIIE did not induce deleterious effects on the endothelium, as demonstrated by endothelial microparticules analyses. We conclude that high-intensity interval exercise is a promising mode of training for patients with stable CHD that should also be further investigated in cardiac patients, particularly with exercise-induced ischemia.

Keyphrases: Intermittent exercise, Cardiac rehabilitation, Coronary disease, Optimization, Prescription, Prescription, Acute physiological responses
Caractérisation de l’apoptose observée dans le système limbique après une ischémie myocardique transitoire chez le rat

About 15 to 30% of clinical patients with myocardial infarction develop major depression. This population is three to four times more vulnerable to fatalities such as death when compared to the non depressed post-myocardial population. In a rat model, developed in order to study post myocardial infarct depression, apoptotic cells within the limbic system have been found. It has been shown that cytokines could be responsible for the cell death linking the ischemic heart to the central nervous system. Thus, the aims of this thesis are: 1) to characterize the spatial time course of the apoptotic cell death within the limbic system, following a myocardial infarct, in a rat model; 2) to determine the effect of the anti-inflammatory celecoxib on this apoptosis in the amygdala and determine the COX-2 enzyme’s implication; 3) to determine the implication of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in the apoptosis observed within the limbic system, following a myocardial infarct, in a rat model. In order to achieve these goals, rats were submitted to 40 minutes of myocardial ischemia followed by a variable reperfusion period (15 minutes, 24, 48, 72 hours or 7 days). Moreover, depending on the protocol, rats were treated with celecoxib (COX-2 selective inhibitor), or with PEG sTNF-R1 (TNF-α inhibitor). At the end of each respective reperfusion period, rats were sacrificed, infarct size was determined and the different structures of the limbic system were dissected for further analysis. Biochemical tests, specific to each protocol were performed in order to characterize this apoptosis. With respect to obtained results, we observed that the infarct size was impacted by none of the two treatments. Apoptosis study within the limbic system revealed that: 1) the apoptotic process was activated in the hippocampus area within the first 15 minutes of reperfusion and this process was spatially dynamic in the limbic system until the seventh day of reperfusion; 2) it appeared that COX-2 was implicated in the apoptosis in the limbic system; 3) peripheral TNF-α was implicated in the apoptotic process after 72 hours of reperfusion by activating the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. These results allowed characterization of apoptosis within the limbic system, in a rat model, following a myocardial infarct and the establishment of the implication of COX-2 and TNF-α in this process. Although these results do not provide any clear therapeutic schemas or global physiopathological mechanisms, they allow a better comprehension of the existing relationship between the heart and the central nervous system within the myocardial infarct context. To a less specific extent these results bring more information on the relationship between the inflammatory system and the central nervous system.

Keyphrases: Myocardial infarct, Apoptosis, Limbic system, Cytokine, Cytokine, Celebrex, PEG’sTNFR1
Distances, rencontres, communications : les défis de la concorde dans l'Empire carolingien

At the start of the 9th Century, the Carolingians intended to unite Western Europe in the Christian faith and cult. This ideal was central to the emperors’ thoughts, who considered themselves protectors, legislators and judges, even claiming to be the vicars of Christ and rectors of the Church’s institutions. Such ambitions led to the development of an original form of government. Since the conquests had composed a large mosaic of populations, cultures and interests, maintaining concord became a major difficulty for the Carolingian government. In rising to this challenge, Charlemagne and Louis the Pious made communications their foremost political tool. With inventiveness and efficiency they used communications as best they could, but it was not enough to establish long lasting unity : discordances built up where they were unable to maintain strong relations with the regional élite. Distances and means of communications determined the nature and limits of the exchanges between the political center and its peripheries, thus orienting the destiny of the Empire. This study tackles a wide variety of sources, including diplomas, capitularies, correspondences, coins... Among other things, it investigates the relations of the imperial government with the southwestern part of the Empire. The results are supported by a series of inquiries touching on representations of political authority, network studies, sociopolitical consequences of geographical distance and speed of communication, anthropological complexities of encounters and long-distance relations. Beyond the history of the 8th and 9th Centuries, it illustrates the necessity of approaching pre-modern political realities through the lens of geographical distances, meetings and communications.

Keyphrases: Charlemagne, Aquitaine, Missi, Middle Ages, Louis the Pious, Peripheries, Conflicts, Representation
Le dommage moral et le préjudice extrapatrimonial

Our research initially aimed at analysing the substance of dommage moral: discover feelings within the heads of dommage moral.  At first, the reader, when looking at the published judgments made by the Quebec jurisdictions between January 1, 1950 and December 31, 2004 and which grant damages to compensate tortious préjudice extrapatrimonial, is under an impression of confusion and disorder, on a terminological as well as on a conceptual level.  Dommage moral, préjudice extrapatrimonial, dommage non pécuniaire, préjudice moral: such terms make a synthesis of the heads of damage impossible.  Finally, this thesis is dedicated to the analysis of the reasons for such confusion, to the forms it takes, to the means used by jurists in order to contain it, if not to surmount it.  Despite such confusion and disorder, it may first be generally observed that the judicial and legal discourses on préjudice extrapatrimonial are homogeneous and stable.  Dommage moral and préjudice extrapatrimonial (both being treated as similar) are said to be hard to compensate.  In order to contain the arbitrary and subjectivity which characterise préjudice extrapatrimonial, a dominant rational and reasonable discourse has been built and a comprehensive estimate of the damage is carried out by judges.  As a result, the amounts of the damages allotted as compensation are stable.  But why are so many words used to describe the same reality?  Dommage and préjudice are currently used in Quebec law as if they were indistinct on a terminological and conceptual point of view; the result is an over-simplification of civil liability.  We propose that dommage (whether bodily, material or moral) and préjudice be distinct.  Dommage qualifies at the siège de l'atteinte (bodies, goods, feelings and values) and préjudice qualifies with regards to the nature of the effects (whether patrimonial or extrapatrimonal) of the dommage.  Being thus distinguished, dommage and préjudice gain sense while distinguishing the two steps composing civil liability: determination of liability based on fault, dommage and causal link between them (1st step), and compensation of the préjudice that accompanies the dommage (2nd step).  By making such a distinction, the over-simplification of civil liability is passed and it must be noted that very few words are said in court judgements on the substance of dommage moral and even on dommage moral itself.  The dominant discourse essentially bears on the difficult determination of the quota of damages to compensate préjudice extrapatrimonial.  If dommage moral and préjudice extrapatrimonial were not confused and employed by jurists with apparent coherence, a synthesis of the heads of préjudice extrapatrimonial, as contemplated at the beginning, would perhaps be possible.

Keyphrases: Dommage, Préjudice, Dommage moral, Préjudice extrapatrimonial, Civil liability, Damages, Terminology, Conceptualization of civil liability, Compensation
Pour une utilisation optimale des données personnelles à des fins de recherche : vers un réseau de ressources collectives

Populational databases (governmental databases and biobanks) have been effective tools in the field of public health and policy making. The personal data stored in these databases are central to identifying the risks of diseases in population-based research. Many initiatives of networking, collaborative research and implementation of electronic health records are deployed in the world. Population-based research depends on synergy between populational databases due to the large sample size of data that is needed to obtain statistical significance. In the complex system of public research, the various interests of agents involved (e.g. research subjects, researchers, research ethics boards (REBs), governments, funding agencies) collectively determine the applicable strategies and norms. Research involving human subjects and the extensive use of personal data raises numerous issues. Ethical and legal requirements have been set up to protect dignity and privacy. However, these requirements are not adequate for population-based research. Issues of re-consent for secondary uses; the limited reach of local REBs; and discrepancies between jurisdictions present barriers to population-based research. In a comparative study of international normative models (Common Heritage of Mankind, Global Public Goods, Commons), ‘network governance’ seems the most appropriate model to link the various governance structures that are implicated in population-based research (e.g. individual, populational and international). The creation of a Collective Resources Network for population-based research is proposed for this purpose. Scientific research is compatible with other uses for which consent has been obtained. Databases are maintained for public utility. This network should facilitate population-based research that is socially useful or in the public interest. To be effective, the value of personal data in scientific research must be recognized; REBs should be empowered by the creation of direct links between them; and international and local initiatives should be integrated in a reflexive manner. The State, both as the steward of personal data and the promoter of innovative research, should act as the coordinator of the system, with the objective of optimizing the use of personal data for population-based research.

Keyphrases: Population, Database, Epidemiology, Privacy, Consent, Ethics Board, Public Interest, Network, Complexity, Governance, State
Criminal liability of canadian corporations for international crimes

This master’s thesis examines the criminal liability of Canadian corporations for their involvement in international crimes committed in part or entirely overseas.    First, we observe that initial developments by the military tribunals established after the Second World War in recognizing criminal liability of collective entities were not pursued by the United Nations ad hoc tribunals and the International Criminal Court.  In fact, the personal jurisdiction of the latter tribunals does not extend to organizations and is limited to the prosecution of natural persons accused of committing international crimes.    In the second part of this thesis, we offer concrete examples to illustrate that Canadian corporations have assumed and continue to assume criminal roles in supporting civil wars and armed conflicts where international crimes are committed.  We will demonstrate that Canadian criminal law attributes criminal liability to an organization (corporations or unincorporated groups) for common law offences committed in Canada, under direct or accomplice liability.  We further maintain that Canadian corporations may be prosecuted before Canadian courts for their involvement in international crimes committed overseas, in accordance with the Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes Act, the principle of universal jurisdiction and common law rules.      In conclusion, Canada has the necessary legal and judicial instruments to prosecute corporations suspected of committing international crimes overseas and is therefore capable of ending their undesirable status of impunity.

Keyphrases: international, Crimes, Canada, collective, Corporations, International, criminal law, Canada, Universal, jurisdiction, Collective, liability