NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
La réorganisation du système de santé québécois en réseau : étude des mécanismes de coordination et de collaboration au sein d’un CISSS

The changes that have shaped the industry over the past decades had a significant impact on work reorganisation. The break-up of the vertically integrated organisation cannot be questioned any more. The network organisation currently stands out as the model that addresses the new socioeconomic context. With irregular borders, inside which departments and actions appear less orderly, this new organisation structure remains an area of exploration aimed to identify the rules that determine both its design and the behaviours of the players that have direct impact on its operations. Although the private sector was the first to carry the effects of these changes, the public sector was impacted as well. Health care is governed today by the network organisation structure paradigm.          The objective of this research is to understand the mechanisms that support this organizational structure, favouring its regulation and its establishment. More precisely it is focused on the analysis of the factors that allow its internal functioning, the coordination of services and the collaboration between different players. To this aim we performed a case study on the chronic disease healthcare target program within a Quebec medical services network (CISSS). Our inquiry allowed us to deep dive into the functioning of this CISSS that stands out as a strongly regulated and institutionalised network and to bring into the spotlight the importance of different players to its operations. The definition of the common objective, aligned with the organizational strategy, allows for the resource integration planning and adaptability to customer needs but it is the harmonisation of these factors that ensures the network’s performance. The stakeholders collaboration based on mutual confidence favours such harmonisation and allows for the identification of solutions that address the common objective, through innovation based on a wide information sharing. This ensures an efficient coordination of the healthcare services. Otherwise, while the structure frames the stakeholders’ actions by defining rules, the stakeholders also reshape the system through their deliberate involvement.

Keyphrases: Coordination, Collaboration, Network organisation structure, Network regulation and institutionalization, Coordination, Collaboration, Confidence, Healthcare system, Efficiency
Psychological impact of parenting style and acculturation in Vietnamese young adults from Montreal

The three studies that have been carried out on parenting style and mental health outcomes in Vietnamese youth showed that adolescents’ perception of their parents using the authoritarian style was related to lower self-esteem and higher depression. In this study, we examined acculturation and parenting styles of mothers and fathers in relation to mental health outcomes in Vietnamese young adults aged 18 to 25 years old (N = 53). It was found that the parenting style youth attributed the most to their parents was authoritarian. Mothers’ levels of authoritativeness were higher than fathers’. Parenting styles had no effect on youth levels of self-esteem, psychological distress and ethnic affiliation. Youth who adopted the marginalization strategy showed lower self-esteem than those who adopted integration, assimilation or ethnocentrism. Parenting style results show that youth with authoritarian parents are not less maladjusted compared to youth with authoritative or permissive parents. Differences between the four acculturation modes on psychological distress were not significant. Adopting the marginalization strategy seems associated with lower self-esteem but not with poorer psychological adjustment in Vietnamese youth.

Keyphrases: Vietnamese, Parenting style, Bidimensional model of acculturation, Mental health, Youth, Cross-cultural psychology
Variations systématiques dans l’utilisation de l’information du visage, de la prosopagnosie développementale à la super-reconnaissance

Abilities for face recognition largely vary among neurotypical individuals. The source of these variations remains largely unknown. Because use of visual information affects performance for a task, the main objective of the project was to better understand the way in which visual information is used affects abilities for face recognition. To this end, we have used the Bubbles method to evaluate use of information in neurotypical participants from the complete spectrum of abilities for face recognition, including extreme cases (developmental prosopagnosics and super-recognizers).  Therefore, face recognition abilities were measured in 107 participants prior to evaluating the visual information they use. In 1000 trials where participants were asked to identify a celebrity’s face, visual information was spatially randomly sampled using the Bubbles method. A regression was then applied between the location of the sampled information and accuracy on each trial, determining which information was systematically sampled when participants correctly identified faces. A second-order regression was then used, which determined the utilization of which regions of the face predicts ability scores, measured in four different tests. Results show that 59% of variations in abilities can be explained by the use of visual information for face recognition. Specifically, the more systematically participants use the region of the left eye, the more accurate they tend to be.

Keyphrases: Super-recognizers, Individual differences, Face recognition, Face perception, Bubbles, Prosopagnosia, Developmental prosopagnosia, Visual strategies
Relation mère-enfant et fonctionnement psychosocial des enfants à l'entrée scolaire : les rôles spécifiques de la sécurité d’attachement et des comportements maternels

One of the best-documented predictors of young children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems is the quality of mother-child relationships, often operationalized through attachment security and the quality of maternal behaviors. However, although empirically and theoretically interrelated, these aspects of mother-child relationships have not been considered simultaneously in the prediction of children's behavior problems. In addition, attachment is often measured once only, despite its modest stability. This paper aimed to examine the contributions of two assessments of attachment security along with assessments of maternal behaviors (sensitivity and autonomy support) to the prediction of children’s behavior problems. The sample included 73 mother-child dyads. Maternal behaviors and mother-child attachment were assessed when children were between 15 months and 2 years old. Children's internalizing and externalizing problems were reported by their teachers in kindergarten and first grade. The results indicated that each assessment of attachment security and maternal behaviors explained a comparable portion of the variance in children’s anxious/depressed behaviors, together predicting more than three times the variance that would have been explained by either measure of attachment alone. Researchers should consider a multidimensional approach to the assessment of the quality of mother-child relationships, at least when attempting to explain the development of child internalizing problems.

Keyphrases: Mother-child relationships, School entry, Externalizing problems, Internalizing problems, Maternal behaviors, Attachment security
Caractérisation neuropsychologique de l'atrophie corticale postérieure dans le stade débutant

Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is an insidious, rare and progressive clinic syndrome which causes complex visual difficulties, associated with atrophy predominating in posterior cortical areas, despite a relative preservation in other cognitive domains. This unusual type of dementia has been poorly characterized in the very early stage of the disease from a neuropsychological standpoint. The main goal of this project is to better characterize PCA from a neuropsychological and functional perspective in the very early stage of the disease, through a very detailed single case study of a 63 years old patient who presented with slowly progressive difficulties in visual perception. A detailed neuropsychological assessment of patient M.T. was carried out in order to assess his abilities in different cognitive domains. A functional evaluation of his activities of daily living was also carried out. The results of the neuropsychological assessment revealed specific difficulties in processing three-dimensional, visuospatial information, suggesting lesions to the occipitoparietal pathway (dorsal stream). M.T. carried out a high-resolution 3T anatomical MRI, which revealed bi-parietal atrophy, predominating in the right hemisphere. This study helps better documenting the nature of neuropsychological, functional, and neuroanatomical deficits in the very early stage of PCA.

Keyphrases: neuroimagerie, posterior cortical atrophy, Alzheimer disease, case study, neuropsychology, neuroimaging, visuospatial processing, visuoperceptual processing
L’influence d’un masque rétrograde sur le déploiement et l’engagement de l’attention

The attentional blink (AB) is a difficulty in correctly processing a target when it follows one or more other targets after a short delay.  When no backward mask is presented after the critical target, there is no or little behavioral AB deficit. The mask plays an important role in limiting conscious access to target information.  In this electrophysiological study, we tested the impact of masking on the deployment and engagement of attention by measuring the N2pc and P3a components in an RSVP paradigm.  We also attempted to replicate previous studies that found a smaller P3b amplitude for masked targets. We found that the presence of a mask in an AB paradigm reduced the amplitude of the N2pc, P3a, and P3b components. In addition to reducing encoding in memory, masking also seems to make the deployment and engagement of attention on the last target less effective. We discuss the role of these findings in the context of current masking, consciousness, and AB models.

Keyphrases: Attention, Working memory, Masking, Attentional blink, N2pc, P3a, P3b, N2pb, Electrophysiology
L'impact des résections de l'insula sur la personnalité

Research has shown that the insula is involved in the processing of information relating to interoceptive, emotional and executive functions. It was proposed that these two seemingly separate functions may work conjointly as part of a large neural circuit tasked with the extraction of emotional information from bodily signals. It was hypothesized that, if the insula does indeed modulate feelings and the cognitive processes which derive from them, insular damage would result in alterations of emotional experience, executive functions and personality. To that effect, we examined such changes in a group of patients (n = 19) who underwent epilepsy surgery involving partial or complete resection of the insula, and compared them to a group of patients who underwent temporal lobe epilepsy surgery (n = 19) as a lesion-control group. Participants were assessed on the Iowa Scales of Personality Change, filled by a close relative at least six months after surgery. While pre- vs. post-surgery changes did not significantly differ between groups on any of the outcome variables, insular resections were associated with mild but significant increases in irritability, emotional lability, anxiety, and frugality postoperatively, which, with the exception of increased anxiety, were not found among temporal patients. Against our initial prediction, the surgery did not lead to executive functioning deficits. Overall, our results support the notion that the insula most likely holds an accessorial role in the model proposed by the somatic marker hypothesis, and that there isn’t a risk of dramatic personality change as a result of the partial or complete unilateral surgical removal of the insula.

Keyphrases: Insula, Personality, Emotion, Epilepsy, Neurosurgery
Pitch direction perception and auditory global local processing in autism and typical development

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) often present atypical auditory perception. Previous work has reported both enhanced low-level pitch discrimination and superior abilities to detect local pitch structure on high-level melodic tasks in ASD. However, it is unclear how low and high levels of auditory perception are related in ASD or typical development (TD), or how this relationship might change with development and rate of stimulus presentation. To these aims, in the present study, children with ASD and TD children matched in age were tested on a low-level pitch direction (PD) task and a high-level melodic task. Groups performed similarly on both pitch tasks. Moreover, lowlevel pitch direction ability predicted performance in high-level global-local (GL) pitch perception, but this relationship was stronger in ASD. Age did not affect the relationship between low-level and high-level pitch performance in either ASD or TD. However, there was a more positive effect of age on GL task performance in TD than ASD after accounting for the effect of low-level PD performance. Finally, there was no effect of stimulus rate upon the relationship between low-level and high-level pitch performance in either group. The present findings provide a better understanding of how perception is associated across levels in ASD versus TD. This work is key to better understanding individual differences in auditory perception and to refine ASD phenotypes.

Keyphrases: Global, Local, Age, Autism, Auditory, Pitch, Time, Music, Children, Typical development
Auditory pitch perception in autism spectrum disorder is associated with superior non-verbal abilities

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is often characterized by atypical sensory perception and cognitive profiles. However, previous studies have found mixed findings with regard to auditory processing in ASD. Discrepant findings have been reported in terms of cognitive abilities in ASD. Accordingly, auditory perception and its relation to verbal and non-verbal cognitive abilities in ASD remains poorly understood. The objective of the present research was to examine the association between auditory pitch processing and verbal and non-verbal cognitive abilities in children with ASD, compared with age- and IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children. Participants were 17 children with ASD and 19 TD children, matched on age and IQ. Participants were tested on performed a low-level pitch direction task and a higher-level melodic pitch global-local task. Verbal and non-verbal cognitive abilities were measured using the Verbal IQ and Performance IQ components of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI). No group differences in performance were found on either auditory task or IQ measure. Furthermore, verbal abilities did not predict performance on the auditory tasks in either group. However, non-verbal abilities predicted performance on both of the auditory tasks in ASD and TD. This work contributes to a better understanding of sensory processing and cognitive reasoning in children with ASD and typically-developing children. Specifically, these results indicate that tonal pitch-based auditory processing is preserved in individuals with ASD with average IQ. These findings also suggest that auditory perception is related to non-verbal reasoning rather than verbal abilities in both ASD and TD, implying that there may be common perceptual-cognitive profiles in these subgroups of children with ASD that are similar to typical development. Accordingly, this work supports the idea that some individuals with ASD have ‘islets of ability’ amidst their sensory and cognitive difficulties. These results motivate future studies to examine whether similar perceptual-cognitive associations might be observed in a broader sample of individuals with ASD, such as those with language impairment or lower IQ.

Keyphrases: autism, pitch, auditory, cognitive, non-verbal reasoning, language, typical development
L’intégration des identités : contraste de deux hypothèses contradictoires

Every individual has multiple identities, which can be seen as conflictual or compatible. When identities are seen as compatible and complementary, they are said to be integrated. Two theoretical models try to explain the cognitive processes by which identities become integrated. The bicultural identity integration model propose that identities are merged while the cognitive-developmental model of identity integration (CDMII) proposes that identities stay distinct. Two preliminary studies and an experimental study have been conducted to compare the two models. The activation of the student identity has been manipulated with student workers, followed by a lexical decision task. If identities are combined, a facilitation effect should be observed. However, if they are distinct, an inhibition effect should be observed. Statistical analyses reveal that participants having integrated identities in the experimental group were slower to identify words linked to the worker identity than participants in the control group. These results support that integrated identities stay distinct. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Keyphrases: Activation, Inhibition, Integration, Identities, Schema
Évaluations parentales et évaluations auto-rapportées de l’anxiété, la dépression et la détresse chez les jeunes survivants du cancer pédiatrique

Introduction: Cancer care guidelines recommend to evaluate distress, but few studies target young childhood cancer survivors. Parents’ ratings and children’s self-report of anxiety, depression, and distress do not correspond. Children’s or parents’ characteristics could be associated with the gap between ratings. Objectives: (1) identify mother-child and father-child agreement on anxiety, depression and distress ratings (2) evaluate the size of the difference between ratings of parents and children (3) explore the predictive effects of sociodemographic characteristics (child age, child sex, parental income) and of parental psychological symptoms the gap between ratings. Methods: 62 young cancer survivors (<18 years old) and both their parents participated. Parents further completed a measure of psychological symptoms. Intraclass correlation coefficients and sizes of the differences were calculated. Bland-Altman plots and hierarchical regression were used. Results. Agreement ranged from poor to fair for mother-child and father-child ratings. Parents overestimated anxiety, depression, and distress. Moderated effect sizes were found between ratings. Parental psychological symptoms predicted the gap between parents’ and children’s ratings. Conclusion: Our results support a multi-informant strategy to identify distress in young survivors. Adjustment strategies could be developed to account for the effect of elevated parental psychological symptoms on parent’s ratings when they are the only source of available information on the child.

Keyphrases: Accord parent-enfant, Survivor, Childhood cancer, Anxiety, Depression, Distress, Parent-child agreement, Differences, Predicators
Évaluation de la qualité du partenariat interorganisations du Rond-Point, un centre périnatal et familial de toxicomanie

Partnerships are needed in the field of health and social services to meet the complex needs of vulnerable populations. It is important to evaluate these partnerships to support partners in improving their practice. This qualitative study assessed the quality of the partnership of the Rond-Point, an integrated service center for pregnant women and parents with substance use disorder symptoms and their young children aged 0-5 years. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 19 respondents (practitioners and managers) to explore their perceptions regarding their inter-agency collaboration. Participants’ responses were examined using descriptive content analysis. Conditions facilitating or hindering implementation of the partnership included the following dimensions: (1) partners’ participation and engagement; (2) organisational functioning; (3) cooperation between organisations; and (4) socio-political issues. This study highlights critical elements to consider for the success of this partnership. Participants reported a number of barriers to effective collaboration; in particular, we discuss the importance of engaging in serious preplanning, and the challenges with communication and shared leadership.

Keyphrases: Recherche qualitative, Partnership, Integrated services, Substance abuse, Qualitative research
Comportements antisociaux à l’adolescence : la supervision parentale comme facteur modérateur de l'influence des amis antisociaux

Friendships with delinquent peers during adolescence can foster the development of antisocial behaviour. Through the processes of selection and socialization, friends influence each other significantly, to the point that the friends’ level of antisocial behaviour can predict an increase in the adolescent’s antisocial behaviour. Parental supervision can reduce peers’ negative influence. This longitudinal study aims to examine the respective contributions of delinquent peers’ influence and three components of parental supervision (parental control, parental solicitation and child’s disclosure) on the development of antisocial behaviour at the beginning of adolescence among 623 students between 12 and 14 years old. It also aims to measure to what extent these components of parental supervision moderate the influence of antisocial peers in predicting the subsequent development of antisocial behaviour. The hierarchical regression analysis indicate that peers’ antisocial behaviour, as well as the components of parental supervision, contribute in a unique and independent way to predict the subsequent development of antisocial behaviour. Furthermore, adolescents who report a higher level of parental control, and who are more likely to freely disclose information to their parents, manifest less antisocial behaviour two years later. On the other hand, adolescents who report a higher level of parental solicitation manifest more antisocial behaviour two years later. Parental behaviour (control and solicitation) do not moderate the negative influence of peers, whereas adolescents’ tendency to disclose spontaneously information to their parents moderates the peers’ negative influence. Indeed, for adolescents reporting a lower level of disclosure, their peers’ antisocial behaviour cannot predict the development of their own antisocial behaviour two years later. These youths manifest a level of antisocial behaviour which is systematically higher, independently of their peers’ level of delinquency. For the adolescents who disclose more to their parents, peers’ antisocial behaviour are positively associated to the future development of their own antisocial behaviour.

Keyphrases: Adolescence, Longitudinal study, Friends' characteristics, Antisocial behaviour, Parental monitoring