NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Modos de interacción como fundamento en la realización de una evaluación formativa no instrumentada

This research documents the ways in which formative assessment is informally carried out through interactions between teacher and students during classroom activities. Especially, it analyzed the interactive dynamics involved in its implementation. In order to do so, video sequences of teachers were produced in 10 elementary school classrooms with individual interviews aiming to explicit practices. The results demonstrated the presence of different types of interaction, including confrontation, adjustment, dealing, seduction, and humor. Data collected allow us to see that assessment is a privileged time for negotiating the pedagogical contract within the classroom.

Keyphrases: Formative assessment, Types of interaction, Primary teachers, Socialization, Pedagogical contract
L’usage de cannabis et ses répercussions sur l’état nutritionnel et les habitudes alimentaires

Introduction : Canada has recently legalized cannabis. This has resulted in a raise of the prevalence of cannabis users. Health professionals such as dietitians are expected to get more questions about cannabis use. Although cannabis’ effects on energy homeostasis are well known, its impact on nutritional status and eating habits are not very well documented. Methods : A literature review on cannabis use and nutritional status has been done. For the effects of cannabis use on eating habits, a socioecological analysis has been carried out using a model. Results : Cannabis’ effects on nutritional status and eating habits are mediated by the interaction of phytocannabinoids with the endocannabinoid system. Cannabis appears to be associated to nutritional status, especially to anthropometric measures, caloric intake and alcohol intake. Cannabis also seems to have an impact on eating habits. Most factors of influence identified are individual and result from the physiological effects of cannabis. Altered hunger signals, gastrointestinal symptoms, increased palatability and hedonic value of some foods are examples of these factors. Other social, environmental and cultural factors have been identified but are less documented. More studies are needed to provide a more systemic approach to the effects of cannabis on eating habits. Conclusion : Cannabis use appears to be related to some nutritional status parameters such as anthropometric measures, caloric and alcohol intake. Most of these associations need to be clarified. Eating habits of cannabis users have many factors of influence most of which are the result of the physiological processes.

Keyphrases: Cannabis, Marijuana, Diet*, Nutritional status, Eating habits, Eating behavior, Body energy homeostasis
Analyse de cas comparative entre les consommateurs de pornographie juvénile et les consommateurs qui agressent sexuellement des enfants

In the medias, terms like « sexual aggressions against children » and « child pornography » are automatically associated to pedophilia. To clarify the terminology, many researchers have focused on this topic. In fact, sexual assaults committed on children doesn’t necessarily mean pedophilic acts.  This internship report focuses more specifically on the profiles of the consumers of child pornography and whether there are differences between them and the consumers who also commit sexual assaults on minors. To do so, a state of knowledge was realized in the first chapters. An internship of 80 days was also accomplished at the Center for Intervention in Sexual Delinquency (CISD) in Laval. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews with six clients were conducted at the CISD and at the Établissement de détention de Montréal. Of these participants, two were charged with possession of child pornography, two were charged with sexual contact on minors and the last two had both types of charges. This analysis revealed that only a few facts advanced in the literature are consistent with the reality of sex offenders. The items that do not match or partially match were also put forward. Suggestions have also been made to help community-based organisms to integrate the conclusive facts of the research into their professional practice. Moreover, these suggestions could allow research to take into consideration the reality of the intervention environments and to include it in their future researches.

Keyphrases: Sexual abusers, Child abuse, Minor abuse, Sexual violence, Child pornography, Online sexual offenders, Offline sexual offenders, Mixed offenders
L'accountability ou le principe de responsabilité en matière de protection des renseignements personnels

Between anglophone word and transversal concept, accountability ask about the responsability and the enforcement of its principle in privacy laws. Result of a social and legislative path, the imputabilité, who came throught the concept, shows privacy laws as a collaborative and individual regulation process, serving the responsability and the risks that cames with the information technologies and the achievement of the corporate social responsability. In the same time seeing as a goal, a mechanism and an instrument of an effective and efficient privacy, the accountability principle is a legal and a management principle, used by companies as an intern management technic. The realisation of the accountability project take place with the acknoledgement of the principle by the OECD, who highlight the accountability as an essential standard, a necessary mecanism and a moralization requirement according the risks that came throught social and technological evolutions on the right to privacy and its laws.

Keyphrases: Imputabilité, Privacy, Accountability, Data protection, Corporate social responsibility (CSR), RGPD, GDPR, General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
L’apport d’une activité intrascolaire au développement du plein potentiel des élèves du primaire sous l’angle de l’inclusion et de la réussite de tous

The goal of this study is a description of the manner a film production project headed by an in-between school community program known as ruelle de l’avenir, supported and contributed to elementary level school children’s development of their full potential. An ethnographic case study was pursued of the participation of one elementary school class from an ethnically diverse school in an underserved community. Through a multiple case study of children’s forms of participation and zone of proximal development (ZPD), we explored the form human and tool mediation took inside the activity. In addition, we studied the manner children’s development of their full potential was mediated by their assigned and assumed identities in the film production activity. That study was made possible through a videoethnography of the film production process (video, field notes, journal notes) which lasted 23 weeks, and semi-structured interviews conducted of the students, project instructor, and teacher. Through an inductive analysis of the multiple data sources and three case studies, we were able to identify key dimensions of student-instructor-teacher relations that contributed to the success of the project. Results suggest that the inclusive, playful open-ended nature of the activity and its emphasis on co-construction supported in a distinct manner the development of the students’ full potential, especially in terms of its affective, cognitive and identity dimensions. The study makes evident the importance and value of a socio-constructivist grounding and lens towards the study of inclusion in education. Once grounded in this manner, inclusive education emerges from the kind of pedagogical relation and co-constructive work that constitutes work within the zone of proximal development (ZPD).

Keyphrases: Inclusion, In-between school activity, Community organization, Underserved and ethnically diverse community, Elementary school students, Development of students’ full potential, Zone of proximal development, Educational success
Utiliser l’information sur la performance des services infirmiers à des fins d’amélioration : une expérience pilote

A vast amount of literature states that in order to improve the performance of a system or a service, you need to measure it first. Despite this conclusion and in spite of the infrastructures in place to evaluate performance, the usage of the performance data gathered, meant to be used for the continuous improvement, is a challenge for the front-line teams. This challenge has an impact on the quality of care: rates of adverse events remain high, not to mention that for certain types of events, more than half are potentially due to nursing care. Although the technical aspect related to nursing care’s performance is important, a primary attention should be given to the feedback and improvement mecanisms in order to engage in change. Thereby, inspired by the Learning Health System Model (Friedman, 2014), an integrated approach to the use of performance data has been codeveloped and implemented, on a pilot base, by the nurses of a medecine department of the Montreal Jewish General Hospital. The engagement of the nurses, in a participatory approach where they use nursing performance data in order to find possible solutions to improve care quality and patient safety, represents a promising avenue for continuous improvement in health organizations.

Keyphrases: Nursing care performance management, Continuous quality improvement approach, Engagement of nurses
L’importance de l’alliance thérapeutique en contexte de relation d’aide auprès d’adolescents victimes d’agressions sexuelles et leurs proches

Sexual abuse towards adolescents is a serious problem. Some studies estimate that about 20% of girls and 10% of boys are victims of sexual abuse before the age of 18 (Tourigny, Hébert, Joly, Cyr, and Baril 2008). Thus, the importance of the therapeutic alliance in the context of a helping relationship with adolescents who are victims of sexual abuse and their related, is studied as part of a clinical internship at the Centre expertise Marie-Vincent (CEMV). Sexual abuse tends to devastate the perception of interpersonal relationships among the victim and their close ones and introduces notions of treason, mistrust and / or confusion about intimacy and interpersonal boundaries. This is a considerable challenge for the professionals working with this clientele, which supports the relevance of attaching great importance to the therapeutic alliance concept. This internship project focuses on the intervention with adolescent victims of SA and their relatives. The main objectives are to document the challenges encountered in the development of the therapeutic alliance with an adolescent victim clientele of SA and to open a dialogue with the clinicians on recognized strategies to optimize this alliance. An oral presentation describing the scientific literature on the therapeutic alliance was presented to the clinical team of the CEMV and then two Focus groups were formed with this one to discuss the contribution of a clinical tool allowing evaluating with the client the quality of the therapeutic alliance. Overall, the optional use of the clinic tool has not been popular among female clinicians, mainly because of the existing workload of this team who is already involved in various research projects, adding to their clinical task of completion of several research questionnaires. 4 Nevertheless, the focus groups were, for their part, greatly appreciated by the clinical team. The clinicians reported that these discussions raised their awareness of the need to question the quality of the therapeutic alliance they are trying to establish with their client, while giving importance to young people's opinions on this aspect. Following these exchanges, some clinicians are moreover able to see changes in their practices. By combining our observations with the challenges identified by the clinicians, we come to a recommendation as to the relevance of developing an ongoing training, which objective would be to maintain this sensitivity to the concept of the therapeutic alliance; an aspect of the clinical work sometimes neglected, when administrative tasks become heavier or the context of intervention more governed by pre-established therapeutic objectives.

Keyphrases: Sexual abuse, Adolescents, Therapeutic alliance, Consequences, Alliance rupture, Intervention, Support, Family, Intervention
Six gamified activities to engage the ACRL's framework threshold concepts

Six learning activities to teach information literacy were gamified to increase the engagement of the students : a scholarly character sheet, a massive flipped classroom, a role-playing game on academic publishing, how to become a wikipedian, how to blog your research project and a bullshitometer to assess information sources.

Keyphrases: Ludification, information literacy, gamification, ACRL framework, Scholarly character sheet, Publish & Perish game, Bullshitometer
La faisabilité d’un programme intergénérationnel utilisant la technologie numérique et ses effets sur la solitude et différents facteurs associés chez les adolescents : une étude pilote

Introduction: Loneliness is particularly experienced during adolescence and can have noxious impacts on the mental health of young people. One of the strategies used to decrease this feeling is to encourage teenagers to develop social relationships, especially intergenerational relationships with older adults. The electronic tablet has the potential to effectively facilitate the development of meaningful relationships between these two generations. However, only a few rigorous studies have used this technology in intergenerational activities and a limited number of studies have estimated the effects of such programs on the well-being and level of loneliness of teenagers. Methodology: This pilot study aims to test the feasibility of a program centred on the digital technology and to measure the effect sizes of certain variables of interest, including loneliness, psychological distress, and life satisfaction of teenagers. Questionnaires measuring these variables were administered at three times: before, two weeks and six months after the program. The six teenagers (M=14,67 years old) and six older adults (M=73,50 years old) who participated in the study were distributed in two groups (experimental group and wait list control group). The participants in the experimental group were coupled in an activity consisting of learning the use of the digital tablet. Results: The results demonstrate that the intergenerational program had a greater but no significant effect (mostly moderate effect sizes) on psychological distress and life satisfaction than the waiting list. However, no beneficial effect on loneliness was observed. Finally, some challenges limited the feasibility of the program, such as the recruitment period, the project framework (schedule, duration and environment) and the presence of intergenerational issues (adaptation of pace and tone of voice). Various solutions aimed at providing future studies on the subject are proposed and discussed.

Keyphrases: loneliness, Satisfaction with life, Psychological distress, Elders, Intergenerational program, Technology, Pilot study
Études comparatives de la nociception chez Caenorhabditis elegans souche sauvage (N2) et mutants (egl-3 et egl-21)

This study’s objective was to test the hypothesis that C. elegans mutants (egl-3, egl-21, flp-18 and flp-21) will have a significant decrease in mature bioactive neuropeptides production and that they will have a significant decrease in sensitivity to stimuli. Nociception is a defensive function, an alarm that allows integration of potentially harmful stimuli. The integration of the stimulus into the nervous system is done by activation of nociceptors. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a small, non-parasitic, non segmented nematode. It is easily grown in petri dishes where it is fed with bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli (E. coli). C. elegans is a transparent worm, mostly hermaphrodite, with a development cycle and a lifespan of about three days at 22° C and three weeks respectively. C. elegans is a model organism widely used to examine the harmful response to stimulation. A complete analysis of the genome sequence reveals several pro-neuropeptide genes, encoding a series of bioactive neuropeptides. The neuropeptides of C. elegans are involved in the modulation of all behaviors, including locomotion, mechanosensation, thermosensation and chemiosensation. We exposed our nematodes on thermal stimuli (30°C - 35°C) to observe the behavior of wild strains and mutants. Our results revealed that only mutants had impaired thermal avoidance behavior. This thermal avoidance behavior of C. elegans mutants egl-3 and egl-21 was significantly impaired compared to the wild-type strain (N2). In addition, C. elegans mutants flp-18 and flp-21 exhibited a phenotype similar to egl-3 and egl-21. EGL-3 pro-protein convertase and EGL-21 carboxypeptidase E are essential enzymes for the maturation of pro-neuropeptides to the mature bioactive neuropeptides in C. elegans. Relative abundance analyzes with egl-3 and egl-21 mutant C. elegans homogenates demonstrate that proteolysis of ProFLP-18 and ProFLP-21 are severely impeded, leading to a lack of mature bioactive neuropeptides. FLP-18 or FLP-21/NPR-1 neuropeptide signaling pathways are needed to trigger nocifensive response of C. elegans to thermal stimuli.

Keyphrases: Caenorhabditis elegans, Neuropeptides, Thermosensation, Carboxypeptidase E, Stimuli, Caenorhabditis elegans, Neuropeptides, Thermosensation, Carboxypeptidase E, Sensitivity, Stimuli, Phenotype, Relative abundance
Effet de l’assouplissement du contrôle des armes à feu sur les homicides au Canada entre 1974 et 2016

In 2012, the Canadian government withdrew the Long-Gun Registry, thereby abolishing the obligation under Bill C-68 to register long guns. This is the first gun control easing policy in Canada and one of the first policies of its kind in the world. So far, there has been almost no study of the effect of reducing gun control on violence. While overcoming the potential biases found in previous evaluations, the purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of the removal of the long-gun registry on homicides in Quebec, Ontario and Alberta between 1974 and 2016. Another aim of this study is to update knowledge on the effect of Bill C-68. To do so, the effects of the withdrawal and of the Bill C-68 is evaluated with an interrupted time series design. According to our findings, the removal of the Long-Gun Registry and Bill C-68 had no effect on long-gun homicides. In addition, Bill C-68 had an immediate and gradual effect on homicides committed by handguns and other prohibited weapons in Quebec. Bill C-68 also had an immediate and decaying effect on homicides committed with handguns and other prohibited weapons in Alberta. No effect of Bill C-68 was observed in Ontario. The results suggest that tightening or loosening controls on long guns has no effect on long-gun homicides.

Keyphrases: Homicides, Dissuasion, Firearms, Long-gun registry, Legislation, Interrupted time series, Accessibility, Availability, Deterrence
Caractérisation des variations fonctionnelles des cellules NK entre deux lignées murines

Natural killer (NK) cells are potent innate lymphoid cells that play an important role in both tumoral immunosurveillance and viral clearance by producing vast amounts of cytokines and cytotoxic effectors and by expressing death ligands on their surface. These effector functions have been shown to be sequentially acquired along a 4-stage peripheral maturation process called functional maturation that can be identified by the expression of the costimulation molecule CD27 and the integrin CD11b (CD27loCD11blo --> CD27hiCD11blo --> CD27hiCD11bhi --> CD27loCD11bhi). As such, this process is required for the generation and the maintenance of potent cytotoxic NK cells. However, NK cell population functions can greatly vary between individuals and between mouse strains. For the last 30 years, NK cells coming from the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) background, a type 1 diabetes-prone mouse strain, have been shown to exhibit profound functional defects. To understand the cause of such defect, we compared the functional maturation process of NOD NK cells with B6 NK cells. Flow cytometry analyses revealed that the former accumulate in the earlier stages of the process, implying a defect in the progression of the maturation. Moreover, genetic linkage analyses and the use of the Trp53 mouse strain allowed us to identify the antitumor protein p53 as being involved in the functional maturation process. Finally, ex vivo stimulation assays demonstrated profound acquisition defects of the key effectors IFNγ, TNFα and granzyme B in NOD NK cells compared to their B6 counterparts. Ultimately, this work is the first to explicitly study the functional defects of NOD NK cells in a functional maturation stage-dependent manner.

Keyphrases: Cellules Natural killer, CD27, CD11b, Natural killer cells, Functional maturation, Cytotoxic functions
Combinaison de thérapie épigénétique et d'immunothérapie pour prévenir la rechute de leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë chez les enfants transplantés

The era of chemotherapy began in the 1940s, but despite an extensive progress in this field, approximately 20% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) still experience relapse. Nowadays, the only therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The efficiency of HSCT greatly depends on the ability of the immune system to eradicate residual leukemia cells, which is also known as the graft versus leukemia effect. During immune reconstitution following HSCT, cytotoxic lymphocytes, known as Natural Killer (NK) cells, are the first effectors to re-appear. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that the lysis of leukemia cells can be induced when NK cells are stimulated by plasmacytoids dendritics cells (pDC). While this is a promising result, some cancer cell lines, however, still remain refractory to NK-mediated lysis. . The aim, here, is to combine epigenetic drug effects with NK-activated immunotherapy. Leukemia cells have the ability to escape the cytolitic activity of NK cells through the repression of apoptotic genes and epigenetic mechanisms. Cytotoxic experiments indicate that leukemia cells become more sensible to NK-mediated lysis if treated with Decitabine and Vorinostat prior to NK exposure. Decitabine also shows a toxic effect on the human pre-B leukemia 697 cell line. In order to further develop pDC treatment in leukemia patients, an extensive need exists to identify more predictive biomarkers. In this study, by conducting cytotoxic experiments, I show that the lysis induced by pDC-activated NK cells, is primarily driven by the TRAIL (tumor-necrosis-factor related apoptosis inducing ligand) receptor pathway (caspase8, TRAIL-R1/R2) and to some extent by the degranulation pathway (caspase 9). While this study has established some basic groundwork, it is necessary to further broaden our understanding of the facets of immune responses (i. e. recognition, cell lysis). This study, in long term, will permit to develop a treatment for young patients with ALL.

Keyphrases: NK, pDC, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Immunotherapy, Epigenetic