NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Les effets des ordonnances collectives initiées par les infirmières au triage dans les départements d’urgence sur la qualité des soins

Problematic : Overcrowding of emergency services is a widespread issue in western countries. This situation results in negative effects on patients and influences the quality of care. Managers are evaluating different solutions to improve the quality of care in emergency departments. Standing orders are a possible way to improve the quality and performance of the health system. The aim of this integrative review was to identify, from the writings, the effects of standing orders initiated by triage nurses in emergency services on the quality of care.  Method : The quality of care dimensions of the Institute of Medicine (2001) were used as a frame of reference. The integrative review was done by selecting articles from Cochrane, CINALH, EMBASE, Medline, PubMed and Google Scholar. A total of 23 articles were selected and analyzed.  Results : The integrative review documented the effects of standing orders initiated by triage nurses on the six dimensions of quality of care. Standing orders have the potential to improve efficiency of care by reducing the time to treatment and diagnostic tests among other things. They also reduce the length of stay of patients in emergency services.  Conclusion : Standing orders initiated by triage nurses in emergency services can have positive effects on the quality of care provided to patients. Further research with more robust study designs are needed.

Keyphrases: Triage, Emergency service, Nurse
Ontologie du numérique. Entre mimésis et réalité

This issue proposes to explore the differents ontological challenges in the digital age, in an interdisciplinary perspective (welcoming philosophy, aesthetics, literary studies, semiology, sociology, communication...). From digital arts to hypermedia literature, via web documentaries and video games, many investigation can be done to explore, understand and go beyond these apparently perilous dichotomies between representation and reality, real and imaginary, fiction and documentary.

Keyphrases: Ontology, Digital studies, Reality, Fiction, Virtuality, Imaginaire-réel, Digital space
Epistémologie du modèle. Des Humanités syntaxiques ?

This issue proposes to explore the differents ontological challenges in the digital age, in an interdisciplinary perspective (welcoming philosophy, aesthetics, literary studies, semiology, sociology, communication...). From digital arts to hypermedia literature, via web documentaries and video games, many investigation can be done to explore, understand and go beyond these apparently perilous dichotomies between representation and reality, real and imaginary, fiction and documentary.

Keyphrases: Alan Turing, Model, Modelling, Epistemology, Computability, Digital humanities, Syntactic/semantics, Aristote, Valéry, Paul, Imaginaire-réel
Les gestes dans l’environnement numérique : la ponctuation des affects

Through the prism of an anthropological approach inspired by the externalist theory, I propose to study the way digital tools have an impact on the morphology and rhythms of affects. To correctly situate our emotions in their respective environment, I offer a spatial model different from that of the interface in order to demonstrate how digital affects emerge in a social environment produced by our gestures. Thus, I suggest that, when these gestures are based within digital platforms, they create a context of tactile relationships that is more than simply visual, whose effects I would describe as marks of punctuation effects (in their dynamic aspect) and attention (in their temporal aspect).

Keyphrases: Affect, Attention, Design, Interface
La littérature à la dérive numérique. De lignes, d’écriture et d’espaces

Is the thousand-year opposition between reality and imagination, inaugurated by Plato, still valid in the digital age ? We intend to question the Platonic positioning by paradoxically basing ourselves on the least real art according to Plato himself : literature. We will show, through a brief historical retrospective of the filiation that, from Baudelaire’s flânerie through the situationist practice of the dérive, leads to contemporary digital literature on space, how this typology of literature, with its strategies of writing, its poetics and its practices, can thwart this opposition engraved in our thought.

Keyphrases: Dérive, Welby, Victoria, Imaginaire-réel, Mimesis, Onthology, Philosophy, Digital Literature
The Writer is the Architect. Editorialization and the Production of Digital Space

We live primarily in a digital space. The structure of the territory first appears to us by means of the mediation of digital devices, ones predominately owned by large multinational corporations. This situation implies a huge risk – that of remaining passive while private companies organize and develop these spaces for us. How might we avoid this risk ? Is it possible, in the digital age, for us to be central to the production of the spaces in which we live ? How might literature constitute a tool for the production of the spatial imaginary that enables us to reappropriate the places and territories managed by the information industry ? This paper addesses these questions and attempts to show, on the basis of the theory of editorialization, how writing can be a way of producing the space in which we live.

Keyphrases: Digital Space, Architecture, Authority, Writer, Editorialization, Imaginaire-réel
Treatment Programs for Adolescents Who Sexually Harm and The Good Lives Model

Since the 1980s, treatment programs for sexual offenders have greatly evolved. Subsequently, many studies have focused on evaluating their efficiency. Most recently, new empirical research has arose on treatment programs for adolescents who sexually harm (AWSH). This report offers an overview of most prevalent treatment programs currently available for this specific population.  The present report focuses more specifically on the application of the Good Lives Model (GLM) to ASWH. The GLM is based on the principle that all human beings, offenders included are motivated by reaching primary goods but they do not have healthy strategies (secondary goods)  to do so. Primary goods are feelings, experiences or circumstances human beings seek to achieve well-being. On the other hand, secondary or instrumental goods are the means or actions used to secure primary goods. The GLM has two main objectives: promote goods and risk management. In order to reduce offending, the GLM focuses on the offender’s motivation, values and aspirations to elicit the change process. It also seeks to get rid of cognitive distortions. The GLM was developed by Tony Ward as a response to the criticism of Andews & Bonta’s (2005) Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model. Ward’s approach to sexual offending treatment can be either used as an alternative or complementary approach to the RNR model. This GLM project took place at the Services Externes of the Philippe Pinel Institute of Montréal (IPPM) and included two case studies. The analysis of the clinical material revealed the benefits and drawbacks of this model. Furthermore, it offered a more global understanding of the pathways to sexual offenses amongst the adolescent population.

Keyphrases: adolescents, Good Lives Model, treatment programs, risk factors, primary goods, sex offending
Intervention de soutien pour les personnes souffrant d’insuffisance cardiaque

Patients with heart failure rarely receive palliative care, while integrating this care earlier in the disease pathway may improve their quality of life (Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association (CPHA), 2013). Communication is problematic in many cases, leading to dissatisfied needs and a lower quality of life, particularly in the context of transition from curative care to palliative care. In fact, it is partly due to the discomfort experienced with end of life discussion and palliative care by professionals (Harrison, Cavers, Campbell and Murray, 2012). The therapeutic conversation was the intervention chosen for this course which took place at the CIUSSS of Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, specifically at the Verdun hospital, the CLSC des Faubourgs and the CLSC de Verdun. Guided by Meleis’ theory of transition (2010) and Wright and Bell’s Illness Beliefs Model (2009), three patients received an average of 3 to 6 meetings to support them in their transition towards palliative care. Functional autonomy, misunderstanding of information about their illness, hope, and ambivalence between their concerns about the future and the acceptance of the disease and its evolution in the transition are among the relevant elements that emerged during the meetings. Moreover, the difficulties experienced by the patients in order to go to outpatient clinics to obtain a follow-up of their health condition were noted by all the participants. Therefore, it is possible to assume that the intervention chosen for this internship gave support to the heart failure patients met by the student. The main recommendations are to develop the provision of in-home services for this clientele, to raise awareness of professionals about the problems faced by these patients on a daily basis, and to offer training on therapeutic conversation to nurses in order for them to have meaningful exchanges and thus, to assess the overall needs of patients effectively.

Keyphrases: Transition, Heart failure, Palliative care, Support, Therapeutic conversation
Mise en œuvre de conversations thérapeutiques auprès des personnes atteintes de cancer en soins palliatifs et de leur famille

Despite scientific and technological advances, a significant number of people diagnosed with cancer will experience a transition to the palliative phase of the disease that is described as one of the most difficult phases in the cancer trajectory (Marsella, 2009). Indeed, the disease progression is linked to a deterioration of physical and psychological symptoms (Delgado-Guay et al., 2009; Peters & Sellick, 2006) as well as changes in family functioning (Blum & Sherman, 2010; Girgis et al., 2012). This period is also associated with the loss of hope of healing that consequently leads to feelings of suffering, fear and anguish for the patients as well as their families (Coelho et al., 2016; LeSeure & Chongkham-Ang, 2015). During this difficult time, families yearn for the opportunity to voice their feelings all while being supported (Blindheim et al., 2013; Coelho et al., 2016; Wijk & Grimby, 2008; Yoo et al., 2008) by health care professionals who adopt a humanistic and holistic approach (Blum & Sherman, 2010; Johnston & Smith, 2006; Sampson et al., 2014; Schmidt, 2003). That being said, many studies show that therapeutic conversations have yielded many positive outcomes for patients and families (Benzein et al., 2015; Benzein, Hagberg, et al., 2008; Benzein & Saveman, 2008b; Duhamel & Talbot, 2004; Persson & Benzein, 2014)  This paper summarizes the work done during a yearlong internship that aimed at conducting therapeutic conversations with patients diagnosed with cancer in palliative care and their families. During the internship, the student nurse adopted a family centered approach that was conceptualized and operationalized by the Calgary Family Assessment Model (Wright & Leahey, 2014) as well as by the Illness Beliefs Model (Wright & Bell, 2009). Three families were met bi-monthly over a period of two months. The intervention not only allowed the nurse to gain a better understanding of the patients and families experiences but also highlighted the core beliefs that influenced their behaviours. In addition, the therapeutic conversations also promoted more open and direct communication amongst the family members all while promoting their well being and decreasing suffering.    Keywords: Cancer, palliative care, therapeutic conversations, family-centered nursing.

Keyphrases: Cancer, Palliative care, Therapeutic conversations, Family-centered nursing
Dépistage neuropsychologique précoce et prédiction du devenir fonctionnel à court-terme de patients atteints d’un traumatisme craniocérébral à l’aide de la RBANS

Background. Many studies have highlighted the mid to long-term cognitive consequences following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), but very few have examined the early neuropsychological status of patients in acute care settings, namely a few days post-injury. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the neuropsychological impairments using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) as a screening tool and to examine its association with the functional outcome of patients at discharge. Methods. The RBANS was administrated to a sample of 72 adults hospitalized in an acute care center following a mild uncomplicated, mild complicated or moderate TBI. The functional outcome was measured using the Disability Rating Scale (DRS) upon hospital leave. Results. Patients with a moderate TBI showed more impairment than the mild uncomplicated and complicated TBI patients on Codes and List Recall subtests as well as the Language index. Also, when combined with the Glasgow Coma Scale score, the Immediate Memory, Language and Attention indexes contributed to the prediction model of functional outcome, explaining respectively 25%, 28.1% and 29.5% of the DRS variance. Conclusions. The RBANS appears to be a useful tool for early neuropsychological screening, particularly for moderate TBI, and it is associated with the functional outcome of patients at discharge.

Keyphrases: RBANS, traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological screening, functional outcome, acute care, neuropsychology
Évaluation précoce des habiletés de communication orale et écrite à la suite d'un traumatisme cranio-cérébral

Background: Communication impairments following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been well documented, yet information regarding the acute period following the injury is limited in the literature. The goal of this study is to assess the performance of adults with TBI on different language tests and how it affects their early functional capacity. We also aimed to explore which demographical and accident-related variables would predict initial language impairments. Methods: Several language tests were administered to a sample of 145 adult patients with TBI of all severity admitted to an acute care service and to 113 healthy participants from the community. Results: Compared to healthy controls, TBI patients performed more poorly on all language tests. In addition, their performances on verbal fluency, conversational discourse and procedural discourse tasks predicted acute functional outcome. Finally, age, education, TBI severity and frontal, temporal and parietal lesions predicted some language performances. Conclusion: Health care professionals working in the acute care setting should be aware of the possible presence of cognitive-communication impairments in patients with TBI of any severity. These deficits can lead to functional problems and assistance may be required for tasks frequently encountered in acute care including understanding and completing administrative, medical or insurance documents.

Keyphrases: communication, traumatic brain injury, communication, language, acute care, outcome, clinical neuropsychology
Évaluation de processus d'implantation du programme Bleu Blanc Bouge en Action

Canadian youth’s motor skills have been declining over the last few years. Many interventions or programs have been developed to enhance children’s long term physical activity practice. Some studies evaluated the effects of those interventions, but only a small number carried on a process evaluation of the implementation. A process evaluation is important to get a better understanding of barriers and facilitators of the intervention. These components of evaluation are some of the most important criteria to explain the divergent results of an intervention deployed in various environments. Our research was an evaluation of the Bleu Blanc Bouge en Action (BBBEA) program of the Montreal Canadiens Children’s Foundation aiming to reflect elements impairing or enabling its implementation. Three components of the implementation process have been evaluated: the Reach, the dose delivered and the dose received. Data was collected with an observational form adapted from the System for observing fitness instruction time (SOFIT) (McKenzie, Sallis et al. 1991) and with questionnaire distributed to the parents of the youth of the six targeted participant schools. A sub-sample of 35 children from Montréal Nord and 38 from Verdun were observed during 4 of the 6 skating lessons. Results show that targeted participants (children that do not know how to skate) compose almost 75 % of the program’s attendees. Physical engagement proportion was significantly higher (50.5 % vs 41.0 %) in the environment composed of a higher number of children knowing how to skate, suggesting a ripple effect on the learners. As a positive outcome, MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) proportion in both neighborhoods was equal or higher than other programs comparable to BBBEA. During “game” or “free play” contexts, children’s physical activity levels were significantly lower in the context where the ripple effect was the weakest. This suggests that structured activities (drills during motor skills practice) favor youth’s physical engagement when they are disengaged or less autodidact.

Keyphrases: Process evaluation, Motor skills, Skating, Youth, Physical activity promotion
L’impact du traitement des données sur les valeurs obtenues lors d’un test progressif maximal chez l’enfant

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different data averaging methods on the peak data obtained during a maximal exercise test in children. Methods: The results of a maximal cycling test of 124 children were included. Comparisons of the data obtained with a gas exchange system were made between breath-by-breath, time averages of 5-s, 10-s, 15-s, 20-s, 30-s, 45-s and 60-s and breath averages of 3-breaths, 7-breaths, 11-breaths and 21-breaths. Using the linear general model, repeated measures were performed and within-subject differences were evaluated. To assess the presence of an interaction of sex and body weight status, a two-way ANOVA analysis was also conducted. Results: As opposed to the VO2peak value, the peak respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate values were less affected by the choice of the sampling interval. The highest VO2peak value was the one corresponding to breath-by-breath data, with a significant difference of 41.1% when compared to the VO2peak value averaged over 30-s. No interaction effect of sex and body weight status was found for either time averaging or breath averaging. However, the analysis showed a single main effect of body weight status for breath averaging intervals. Conclusions: In children, using shorter averaging intervals will yield higher VO2peak values, whereas values of respiratory exchange ratio and heart rate peak will be lower. The present study confirmed that the way in which the VO2 data obtained from a maximal exercise test is processed will most certainly affect its values, therefore attention should be given to this significant impact.

Keyphrases: Maximal oxygen uptake, Indirect calorimetry, Sampling intervals, Stress testing, Youth
L’avocat comme méthode de blanchiment d’argent

This thesis focuses on money laundering. Specifically, it reflects on the following question: should lawyers, law firms and Quebec notaries be subject to the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act? In order to obtain an answer, it first sets out to seek a definition of money laundering and examines its history. Furthermore, the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act is analyzed in great detail. Finally, the question whether lawyers, law firms and Quebec notaries should be included in the scope of the Act is studied by exposing the risk of money laundering with these professionals and by undertaking an examination of the Canadian legislator’s multiple attempts to include them as well as an analysis of the Supreme Court of Canada’s recent decision on that matter. In conclusion, it proposes solutions to include these legal professionals in order to eliminate the risk that their services will be used for illicit purposes.

Keyphrases: CANAFE, Money laundering, Legal counsel, Lawyers, Laundering the proceeds of crime, FINTRAC, Solicitor-client privilege
Les opérations Mr Big à travers les jurisprudences canadiennes : une technique policière dynamique et complexe

"Mr Big", a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) technique invented in the 1990's, is now used by various police forces across Canada. By creating multiple scenarios, this infiltration technique allows police to setup a fictitious criminal organization which incites the suspect to take part in both legal and illegal activities. Undercover officers build a relationship of trust with the suspect in order to obtain a confession for a previously offence allegedly committed by the suspect. This study aims to examine these complex police operations through a literature review of a sample of thirty-four (34) judgements rendered by various Canadian courts. This study focuses on the operational aspects of Mr Big by deconstructing the police scenarios. The results show that a Mr Big operation is a dynamic technique, where scenario selection allows police to quickly adapt to any eventuality and to any type of person targeted. This dynamism makes each Mr Big unique and tailor-made to the suspect. Notwithstanding room for improvement, this technique delivers a convincing investigation method, particularly in gathering of a detailed confessions and evidence of the suspect's involvement in the offence, resulting in criminal charges.

Keyphrases: Police, Agent double, Mr big operation, Undercover, Sting operation, Scenario
La lenteur ethnographique traduite pour les comités d’éthique de la recherche

This case study aims to explain ethnographic slowness for members of the Research Ethics Boards (REBs). I will show that despite recent efforts to recognize the specificity of so-called qualitative research in research ethics, a misunderstanding remains between the experimental rationalization deployed by several REBs and the practice of ethnography, a method of research involving slow and sustained immersion that is inseparable from human relations of trust and mutual respect.

Keyphrases: recherches qualitatives, research ethics, research ethics board, REB, ethnography, anthropology, qualitative research