NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Shirley Jackson's House trilogy : domestic gothic and postwar architectural culture

Shirley Jackson’s House Trilogy: Domestic Gothic and Postwar Architectural Culture considers Shirley Jackson’s suite of gothic novels written between 1957 and 1962, from The Sundial to The Haunting of Hill House to We Have Always Lived in the Castle. It places her treatment of the Domestic Gothic alongside the actual architecture and design discourse of her postwar moment. In particular, it argues that her House Trilogy constitutes an intervention within architectural history and domestic discourse, with Jackson using a gothic poetics of space to suggest the spectral repetition of architecture’s structures of power and ideological imaginary. Through her extensive architectural symbolism, she probes the American house and its roots within the country’s most abiding myths and divisive beliefs, suggesting that the house itself, as both a physical structure and structuring symbol, is a sociological “ghost” that haunts the American domestic project. Jackson reminds us that domestic architecture and culture are never neutral and that, much more so than has been acknowledged, her fiction excavates the specific design features, movements, style wars, and architectural discourses which actively participated in the cultural constructions of gender, class, and race in America.   Her writing career — from her first major publication in 1943 to her untimely death in 1965 — coincides with the largest housing boom in American history, as well as one of the most experimental and anxious periods in American architecture. And yet despite the era’s broad promises and utopian visions, its architecture and domestic culture tended to reproduce the oppressive power structures of the past, from the stifling gender norms of the 1950s family home to the segregated suburb. Jackson’s houses are gothic allegories of this milieu and its “ghostly” time structure of uncanny repetition and return. Each of the houses in her trilogy exhibits what might be called a “hybrid historicity,” gesturing at once backwards and forwards through American architecture and domestic discourse. Inside the Gilded Age mansions and Victorian Gothic piles of her novels, Jackson satirizes postwar architecture and its nostalgic futures, suggesting how the houses of the present remain haunted by the ghosts of the past.   Unlike the architecture of her time, which claimed to have banished these ghosts, Jackson does not seek to escape the spectres of American history and subjecthood so easily. Instead, she endeavours to face them. In order to do so, she enters the “haunted house” of American architecture and domesticity itself — exploring it, examining it, interrogating it, and, eventually, burning it down, tearing it apart, and remaking it.

Keyphrases: Shirley Jackson, trilogie House, House Trilogy, architectural history, Domestic Gothic, postwar literature, American domestic culture
L’invention de la rencontre : contrat et transaction dans les représentations littéraires de l’échange prostitutionnel

This thesis focuses on the literary representation of prostitutional exchange in its ambiguous relationship to the concepts of contract, intimacy and encounter. It is based on an analysis of texts by Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, Maupassant, Flaubert, Arcan and Duras, as well as Manet's painting, Olympia.  First, I focus on a theme addressed by some writings within the corpus which has become commonplace: the idea of prostitution as the too wide extension of capitalism, as it “reifies the world.” I show the various deployments of this metaphor. In a second step, I analyze literary works that put forward the prostitutional exchange by returning to another relationship that it maintains with the market (intimately linked to the first): that of the closure and the clarity of the rapport allowed by the contract. The texts offered for study herein problematize this “cancelled” meeting. In this, I address on the one hand the development of “surpassing” of the contract towards intimacy, and on the other, on the staging, replayed in the prostitutional exchange, of an impediment of the relationship. How does prostitution become the pejorative metaphor for venality? How does it also become the place of repetition of an impossible “real” sexual encounter? These queries spark others to unfold through the thesis, in that the latter questions the prostitutional exchange in literature as a paradigmatic place of the contract, paradoxically developed from within by the invention of an encounter constantly yearning to be inexistant.

Keyphrases: Literature, Prostitution, Encounter, Capitalism, Nelly Arcan, Gustave Flaubert, Marguerite Duras, Édouard Manet, Contract
Résine échangeuse d’ions en mode biologique pour l’enlèvement de matières organiques naturelles des eaux de surface

Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in surface water. Although the exposure to NOM via drinking water is common and is not associated with direct effects on human health, NOM can cause negative impacts on drinking water treatment, such as contribution to taste and odors, development of biofilms in distribution systems and formation of disinfection by-products. Biological ion exchange (BIEX) is a promising process for the removal of NOM from surface waters. It involves operating the ion exchange resin in a fixed bed reactor with infrequent regeneration so that a microbial community can develop on the resin surface and thus contribute to the removal of NOM by biodegradation. However, the mechanisms for the removal of NOM in BIEX and the feasibility of its application in the drinking water plant remain unknown. Therefore, the general objective of this thesis is 1) to understand and promote the application of BIEX for the removal of NOM from surface water and 2) to summarize the strategies that can alleviate the management of the brine generated by the regeneration of resins. Chloride and bicarbonate-form resins were first evaluated for the BIEX application where the BIEX pilot was fed with surface water for 9 months without regeneration. The results demonstrated that ion exchange is the dominant mechanism in BIEX, i.e., NOM exchanges with preloaded ions (i.e., chloride and bicarbonate) and pre-retained ions (i.e., sulfate). In addition, the colonized resins were harvested from the pilot and tested in the laboratory where the colonized resins were in contact with the model compounds (i.e., organic micropollutants). The results demonstrated that biodegradation contributes to the removal of organic micropollutants on colonized resins, but the extent of biodegradation depends on the characteristics of the organic micropollutants and the microbial community on the resins. Then, BIEX was evaluated in parallel with biological activated carbon (BAC) at the second-stage filtration of the Sainte-Rose drinking water treatment plant. The results demonstrated that although BIEX achieved higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal compared to BAC, it had a more significant pressure drop and the backwash of BIEX filters was proved to be more complex compared to that of BAC. Finally, a literature review was carried out to identify strategies on resin operation and brine management, and thus alleviate the management of the brine generated by the regeneration of ion exchange resins. Overall, this thesis allows understanding the mechanisms for the removal of NOM in BIEX, evaluating the feasibility of its application in drinking water production plants as well as identifying the strategies that can alleviate the management of the brine generated by the regeneration of ion exchange resins.

Keyphrases: Adsorption, BIEX, Natural Organic Matter, Disinfection By-products, Micropollutants, Ion Exchange Resins, Brine Management, Drinking Water Treatment
Synthèse de sulfilimines et sulfoximines à partir de N-mésyloxycarbamates catalysée par des complexes de fer

Sulfilimines and sulfoximines are aza-analogues of sulfoxides and sulfones. In recent years, these motifs have received considerable attention as they can be found in an array of biologically relevant molecules, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. In the present thesis, we have developed new strategies to access these compounds. The methods are based on the amination of sulfides and sulfoxides via a metal nitrene species. Our research group has developed stable and easy to handle nitrene precursors, namely N-mesyloxycarbamates. We have performed various amination reactions such as C-H insertion, aziridination or sulfimidation in the presence of a rhodium dimer catalyst. As an alternative to rhodium, we have decided to study iron catalysts because of their low toxicity and wide availability. First, a photochemical amination reaction of sulfides was developed in continuous flow. The strategy relies on the use of Fe(acac)3 as a catalyst and UVA light to generate a metal nitrene from N-mesyloxycarbamates. A biphasic mixture was used as it allowed the solubilization of the by-product, namely sodium mesylate. Then, a novel amination reaction was also developed. The use of 1-butylimidazole as a base proved instrumental in enabling a homogenous reaction mixture. The methodology allowed the access to a wide range of sulfilimines and sulfoximines with excellent yields, in batch or in continuous flow. Finally, the stereoselective amination of thioanisole was studied. A catalytic system consisting of iron (II) catalyst and a Pyox ligand showed promising results.

Keyphrases: sulfilimine, sulfoximine, amination, metal nitrene, continuous flow, photochemistry, stereoselective reaction
Le concept de「ma」et l’identité nationale japonaise

The concept of 「ma」 has, for the last several decades, been mentioned quite often in texts on Japan. Like the kanji that represents it, a pictogram showing the sun piercing between the two leaves of a door, 「ma」 expresses a dynamic and meaningful in-between. After a first chapter exploring the links between language and culture in Japan, four chapters are devoted to 「ma 」, a first one which presents a portrait of 「ma 」, a second which explores its precursors as well as its disciplinary forms, except in music and in architecture, treated in the next chapter, while the last chapter attempts to identify and define 「ma」, and an appendix covers what has happened in the West. The sixth chapter of the thesis presents the 「内・外 uchi-soto」 dichotomy, the primary marker of belonging for any group in Japan, including the nation. Follows a chapter on the border between the uchi and the soto of the Japanese nation, then another one that explores the forms that Japanese national identity takes. The last chapter provides a synthesis. It is concluded that : - 「ma」 is a concept associated with a term imported at the beginning of the classical age, but it is only at the transition between the 戦国 sengoku (mid 15th to late 16th) and the 江戸時代 Edo era (1600-1868) that the conditions for the birth of the concept were met. However, it remained almost purely disciplinary until 昭和 Shōwa (1926-1989), after which it took forms that can be qualified as identity carriers, first in opposition to the West at the beginning of Shōwa, then as the ambassador of a consolidated Japanese identity from the 1960s. - 「ma 」 is now clearly linked to Japanese national identity, but it never became a star of national identity. It has certain qualities that would perhaps allow it to become one one day, including its links to several artistic disciplines, most of which, moreover, are traditional, but it also has characteristics that could be a problem, notably the difficulties in rationalizing it. - 「ma」 seems to have developed only in Japan, yet it represents a universal reality. The existence of the concept, however, has certainly helped to frame the apprehension of this reality better than without it, thus facilitating its reappropriation in a variety of artistic fields. - 「ma」 represents relatively well the buffer dynamics that one finds at the border between the uchi and the soto of the nation, but the reality is way more complex than what a model resulting from a simple concept would allow. - 「ma」 is not a fundamental and timeless element of Japanese nature, but clearly arose in a specific context, with favourable conditions which might just as well never have happened.

Keyphrases: 内・外 uchi-soto, 間 ma, Concepts, Japan, Japanese identity, Conceptology
L’expérience entrepreneuriale d’Européens à Mexico : parcours, quête et positionnement social de migrants « Nord-Sud »

While in the media, migration is presented as the result of humanitarian crises, expatriation and international mobility are portrayed as the natural results of a globalization that serves the countries of the South as much as the countries of the North. However, a growing number of Europeans choose to settle in the South for the long term, despite the supposed security offered by the « welfare » states. In academic literature, the latter are often identified as reproductive agents of postcolonial systems or as privileged migrants. In a context where the European Commission has given itself the mandate, for about fifteen years now, to promote both international mobility and entrepreneurship among young people, what about young Europeans who engage in the development of an entrepreneurial project in a South, while they are still at the beginning of their professional career? This research aims to describe the migration and entrepreneurship experience of young adult and middle-aged adult Europeans in Mexico City in particular. We carried out an ethnographic fieldwork located in Mexico City for a year and a half, aiming to consider the temporalities inherent to migratory and entrepreneurial processes. The data is drawn from the biographical accounts of the participants, from various observation activities related to their entrepreneurial life and their condition as "first world" migrants, as well as a shared daily experience. Through a mainly interactionist lens, the thesis presents the characteristics of the trajectories of these entrepreneurs, the quests that are at the core of the constitution of their entrepreneurial project and the place they occupy socially in the context of the metropolis of Mexico. We retain that North-South migrations can also involve a process of incorporation marked by ruptures, difficulties or necessary identity negotiations, just like the migrations traditionally studied. That said, their experience also contains aspects connected to the conceptions of a world divided between the "North of the South" which are rooted in the particular local context, Mexico City, and which are revealed in the social interaction in the presence of the Mexican counterparts that they meet.

Keyphrases: Entrepreneuriat immigré, Expatpreneuriat, Expatriation, Mexico, International migrations, North-South migrations, Migrants entrepreneurship, Expatpreneurship, Biographical approach, Ethnography, Mobilities
L'influence de la musique sur les attitudes politiques

The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to explore and understand how music, a hobby present in everyday life, can influence the political attitudes of individuals. This question is studied through four articles which analyze data gathered from an experiment, an online survey, a database and interviews. The first article observes during an experiment that music in political ads increases positively the evaluation of politicians in these ads. In the short term, music would have an influence on political attitudes in this specific context. The second article suggests through an online survey that a faint link exists between political attitudes and musical preferences when the musical preferences relate to politicized genres of music (rock, hip-hop, metal, folk). The third article explores, through interviews with metal fans, the link between self-identification to a musical subculture and political attitudes. The analysis reveals that the self-identification of an individual to a musical genre characterized by strong political elements and a specific subculture may be associated with political attitudes. The last article examines the choice of songs used by the Democratic and Republican parties at national conventions. The analysis reveals that Democrats broadcast more funk and ethnically diverse artists than Republicans, who mostly broadcast country music and Caucasian artists.

Keyphrases: rock, hip-hop, Music, Identity, Political advertising, Political attitudes, Subcultures, Folk
Favoriser l’engagement envers la carrière organisationnelle : comprendre les rôles du contrôle psychologique exercé par les superviseurs et de la motivation des travailleurs

High employee turnover can prove to be a challenge and end up being very costly for organizations. Companies would benefit from finding a way to minimize the risk of employees leaving their organization. One potential solution could be related to employees’ commitment to organizational career, which studies have shown may reduce turnover intentions. In order to better understand what can foster this type of commitment among workers, a cross-sectional correlational study was conducted among 304 Quebec workers. This study aimed to determine the roles of superiors’ psychological control, workers’ satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and workers’ motivation. The results highlight that the more people feel their supervisor exercises psychological control over them, the lower their level of commitment is, this because psychological control appears to be related to low levels of psychological needs satisfaction, which research has associated with low levels of autonomous motivation. Theoretical and practical implications as well as directions for future research are also discussed.

Keyphrases: Motivation, Commitment to organizational career, Psychological control, Selfdetermination theory
Forked Three-awned Grass, Aristida basiramea Engelm. ex Vasey : a new addition to the flora of Quebec

A population of Forked Three-awned Grass (Aristida basiramea Engelm. ex Vasey; Poaceae) was found for the first time in Quebec, on a sand barren of the Cazaville region (Haut-Saint-Laurent). The only other region where this species is known in Canada is on the southern side of Georgian Bay in Ontario.

Keyphrases: Aristida basiramea, Forked Three-awned Grass, Poaceae, Rare plants, Quebec, Poaceae, Plantes rares
Une addition à la flore du Québec : Monarda punctata var. villicaulis (Lamiaceae)

A population of Dotted Monarda (Monarda punctata var. villicaulis) was found for the first time in Quebec, in the HautSaint-Laurent region. This population, which has more than 100 individuals, extends the known distribution of the species northward by 20 km.

Keyphrases: Monarda punctata, Plantes rares, Dotted Monarda, Rare plants, Quebec
Examining negative online social reaction to police use of force : the George Floyd and Jacob Blake events

Dealing with use of excessive force by the police has historically been a struggle in the United States. The 1992 protests in Los Angeles following the death of Rodney King are one example of public response to an instance of excessive use of force. More recently, the death of George Floyd led to widespread protests against excessive use of force and the current model of policing in general. The increasing popularity and availability of social media over the past decade have made it a powerful tool for mobilizing citizens and provided a place for protest. This study looks at the negative reactions of social media users to police use of force in the United States based on analysis of two significant instances: the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis and the shooting of Jacob Blake in Kenosha. Using quantitative, forensic linguistics, and advanced topic modelling methodologies, three prominent aspects of policing identified in the literature – excessive use of force, racial bias, and legitimacy – were analysed from 14 days of tweets following each event. Analyses deal with trends in frequency, case similarities, and topic modelling. The results show important differences in negative online reaction to the two events, particularly regarding excessive use of force: those following the Floyd death focused on the technicalities of the intervention, while those responding to the Blake death focused on its aftermath. Analysis of tweets related to racial bias and police legitimacy revealed similar patterns, with users repeating criticisms such as differential treatment according to race and the need for changes in the policing model. The results also suggest that perceptions of excessive use of force and racial bias are deeply intertwined. Implications and issues are discussed.

Keyphrases: Use of force, Online media reaction, Topic modelling, Social media
La gestion de la déambulation au moyen d’une approche de soins infirmiers centrés sur la personne âgée en CHSLD

Background : Wandering for elderly people living in nursing homes with Alzheimer's disease and related diseases (AD) is a problem. To deal with this behavior, non-pharmacological interventions have been identified in the scientific literature, and should be applied in a person-centered care approach to be effective. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to carry out an integrative review of the literature and build propositions aimed at supporting nurses working in nursing homes when choosing or implementing non-pharmacological interventions to manage wandering for elderly people living with AD, according to McCormack et McCance (2021) person-centred nursing theoretical framework. Methods : An integrative review of the literature was carried out according to Whittemore et Knafl (2005) methodology. The CINAHL and PubMed databases were searched and Google Scholar search engine was used. The methodological quality of the studies found was assessed using the AMSTAR Checklist tool developed by Shea et al. (2017), and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) developed by Hong et al. (2020). Results: A total of 13 non-pharmacological interventions aimed at managing wandering in nursing homes context for elderly people with AD, were identified within the 18 studies found. Person-centered nursing care components were pointed out for each intervention, based on McCormack et McCance (2021)  theoretical framework. Finally, recommendations were made to nurses regarding interventions. Conclusion: From the analysis of all interventions identified, it emerges that recreational and sensory interventions are those for which the greatest number of person-centered nursing care components have been identified. However, nurses are advised for best results to combine these interventions with awareness and training on person-centered nursing care.

Keyphrases: Errance, Alzheimer, Neurocognitive disorders, Wandering, Non-pharmacological interventions, Person-centered nursing care, Nursing home, Long term care
L’expérience d’adultes ayant vécu l’unschooling : une approche
phénoménologique

This study uses a phenomenological approach to gain a better understanding of the effects of unschooling on children (now adults) in Quebec, drawing on in-depth non-directive interviews to gain insight into their educational experience, their families and their views of the world. Some of the information gathered supports the findings of previous studies in respect to self-education, the use of information technologies, the development of interests and participation in support groups; other data suggests limitations in learning to persevere, pursuing complex learning objectives, school integration and assessment. The participants also discussed family conflicts, parental control, neglect and how the experience has affected their views of society, work, the school system and the role of the state in education.

Keyphrases: Homeschooling, Unschooling, Quebec, Phenomenology