NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Responsabilité Sociétale des Organisations et
ISO 26000 : cas du Maroc

The social responsibility of organizations includes two complementary realities. For society, it is the contribution of any organization in the national sustainable development effort. For the organization, it is an expression of the search for a global performance especially in the economic, social and environmental. The fundamental goal of ISO 26000 is to design and build a new model of socio- economically sustainable. In our paper, we try to approach the different representations of the CSR and provide empirical insights into the adoption and implementation thereof by the Moroccan organizations in relation to the guide of the ISO26000. Our exploratory analysis shows that those closest to the repository are a minority (82 organizations) and are those who joined the CSR-CGEM label or UN-Global Compact. Also, we did an exploratory survey between 5 organizations who joined the CSR-CGEM label and 8 organizations from a control sample.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, ISO 26000, Social Responsibility, organizations, Sustainable development, Stakeholders., philosophy, ethics, economics, ISO 26000, Parties prenantes.
L’alerte éthique : vers une gouvernance omnicanal ?

Is the creation of a whistleblowing mechanism likely to strengthen corporate governance? This will be the subject of this legal study which first seeks to identify the existing legal instruments in French law, while briefly comparing them with those that exist abroad to map these mechanisms and identify structural features. Then the vocation of whistleblowing as corporate governance lever will be examined, including by questioning the effectiveness of the device.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, whistleblowing, confidentiality, compliance, ethics, protection, employees, philosophy, ethics, economics, confidentialité, conformité, protection, salarié
Démocratie et justice sociale : Arrow-Harsanyi- Rawls-Sen, un quatuor dissonant

Is social justice congruent with democracy? Are utilitarianism and welfare economics compatible with political liberalism? Salient disagreements between welfare economics and political philosophy focus upon the choice of principles of justice in a democratic society, and sustainability thereof remains an open question. Arrow's theorem establishes the impossibility of grounding a social welfare function upon individual preferences. Harsanyi’s rule-utilitarianism builds a welfare function upon Bayesian expected utility. Rawls’s contractarian theory of justice upholds the priority of the right over the good. Sen’s theory of social choice rejects the compatibility of the Pareto principle with political liberalism.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, justice, philosophy, ethics, economics, democracy, justice, political liberalism, preferences, social choice, utilitarianism, welfare
Adieu New York, bonjour Paris ! : les enjeux esthétiques et culturels des appropriations du jazz dans le monde musical savant français (1900-1930)

This thesis deals with the musical and discursive appropriations of jazz in the French musical world. Inspired the approach of cultural transfers and crosses the history of French art music in France and the history of its diffusion and perception in Europe. To do so, it draws upon a corpus of art music pieces influenced by jazz and of texts written by composers and critics. This corpus contributes to different redefinitions of an alleged French musical identity. What is more, appropriations of jazz renew a conception of popular music that goes back to the beginning of the 19th century. They also valorize topics previously considered as trivial, and they display a new kind of sound, evoking Anglo-saxon modernism or « negro » primitivism. The different aspects mentionned above are presented in a chronological and thematic fashion. In the 1900s, the first cake-walks contribute to a tradition of « negro » exoticsm. Ten years after, borrowing to jazz has become an avant-gardist gesture, and a response to nationalist motivations. Thanks to Jean Wiéner’s efforts in order to legitimize jazz, a new group of composers and critics take an interest in it. Jazz then becomes a means to assert a more cosmopolitan classicism. This thesis identifies different paradigms of the appropriation of jazz in France. More broadly, it sheds new light on musical creation in the French art music world between 1900-1930, and on musical encounters between different musical traditions.

Keyphrases: Jazz, 1900-1930, Etudes transationales, French Music, Cultural transfers, Transnational studies, Nation and nationalism
Les contraintes sociales agissant sur la critique musicale journalistique à Montréal en contexte de compétition marchande

Empirical and theoretical exploration of the constraints acting on the professionnal practice of music criticism in the Montreal’s media industry and in the context of market competition. To do so, the author conducted a qualitative sociological fieldwork with a sample of ten musical hosts and journalists from Montreal. The author develops a theory that to criticize is to sort and to select according to taste using a concept called the “ETC dynamic“. In this process, aesthetic experiences are filtered by taste, which produces answers that become art critiques. The study begins by exploring the way the market economy shapes the media culture and influences the journalistic critical work. Then the author studies the social factors that drive some people to speak about music in the media as music hosts and journalists. It is shown that the factors inciting the practice of musical hosting are not the same as the factors inciting the practice of musical journalism. Musical hosts are “asthetic conservatives” who constantly like to share their passion, while musical journalists are « aesthetic progressive » who prefer to give their opinion explicitly when necessary but not all the time. In all cases, musical hosts and journalists are to be understood as « aesthetic militants »: people who try to convince as well as acquire critical prestige and authority.

Keyphrases: Animation musicale, Enquête qualitative, Music criticism, Musical hosting, Musical journalism, Qualitative fieldwork, Sociology of the media, Sociology of music
Creative conflicts : shaping the law on surrogacy and assisted reproduction in Québec and Canada

This memoir is, on one hand, an overview of the state of the law in Canada and Québec on surrogacy and assisted reproduction.  I discuss the dissonance between the practice of surrogacy and assisted reproduction in the country and the current criminal prohibitions under the Assisted Human Reproduction Act, the regulatory vacuum left by the Supreme Court’s decision in Reference re Assisted Human Reproduction Act, which the provinces are reluctant to fill, as well as the incongruity with which parentage laws are being shaped in the provinces where surrogacy arrangements are involved.  On the other hand, this memoir is also a critic of the hold family law has had on the issue of surrogacy in Québec and of how narrow the concepts of autonomy and consent are in the language of civil legal thought on the issue.  Despite being the sole province with a legal framework on assisted reproduction, Québec has poorly connected this framework to family law’s discourse on surrogacy.  Indeed, surrogates have been, for the most part, studied as abstract legal subjects within an atomistic liberal perspective in family law and practically omitted under the legal analysis afforded by Québec adoption courts.  I argue that a more holistic point of view is necessary in the shaping of new laws and policy on surrogacy and assisted reproduction.  I propose Against Family Law Exceptionalism and Relational Theory as analytical tools to broaden the discussion on the subject.  I highlight Jennifer Nedelsky’s relational theory particularly, as her ideas underscore the complexity of human subjects and relationships, a complexity which I argue is primordial for jurists to consider when examining creative conflicts.

Keyphrases: Québec, Canada, Relational theory, Against Family Law Exceptionalism, Surrogates, Assisted reproduction, Health, Autonomy, Consent, Civil law, Family law, Feminist theories, Creative conflicts
Caractérisation des interactions établies par la région riche en prolines de la ligase de l’ubiquitine Itch

Itch is a member of the CWH (C2-WW-HECT) family of ubiquitin ligases involved in the control of inflammatory signalling pathways, several transcription factors, and sorting of surface receptors. Itch functions generally involve ubiquitylation-induced degradation of its substrates. To accomplish such function, Itch must first interact with its target. Itch possesses four well-characterized WW domains mediating most of its known interactions. In addition to these binding modules, Itch also has a unique proline-rich region (PRR) among other CWH ligases. This sequence is well conserved among vertebrates, underlying its importance. The PRR of Itch enables its interaction with SH3 (Src homology 3) domain-containing proteins. Several proteins have been found to interact with the PRR of Itch. However, little is known about the function of these complexes and how they are established. Here, we have analyzed the binding properties of a subset of SH3 domain-containing proteins involved in endocytosis and cellular signalling. We have characterized novel SH3-PRR interactions established by Itch and found that various SH3 domains can target the same proline-rich sequence with the implication of distinct residues. These results demonstrate the variety of binding properties exhibited by the PRR of Itch and its clear preference for Endophilin. Among its binding partners, Grb2 (Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2) is of paramount interest given its major implications in cell signalling. We have thus demonstrated that Grb2 is ubiquitylated by Itch and that, in contrast with Endophilin, this reaction is not associated with proteolytic functions. Itch PRR is thus a versatile binding module and the interactions established by this region can mediate distinct fates.

Keyphrases: Itch, SH3, Amphiphysine, Grb2, β-PIX, Ubiquitin ligase, Itch, proline-rich region, SH3, Endophilin, Amphiphysin, Grb2, β-PIX, endocytosis
Traitement des émotions évoquées par les expressions faciales, vocales et musicales à la suite d’un traumatisme craniocérébral

Emotional processing plays a crucial role in social interactions. Deficits in recognizing emotions from facial and vocal expressions have been established following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, most studies did not look at the effect of TBI severity and did not evaluate essential prerequisites to efficiently recognize emotions, such as the ability to perceive facial and vocal features, and thereby, the ability to pay attention to them. No study has looked at emotional recognition from musical expressions following TBI, whereas musical intervention can be used to address behavioral, cognitive and affective issues in neurological populations. Thus, it is unknown whether therapeutic effects could be based on the preservation of emotional recognition from musical expressions following TBI.  The first study assessed recognition of basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear) from dynamic facial, vocal and musical expressions in forty-one adults (10 moderate-severe TBI 9 complicated mild TBI, 11 uncomplicated mild TBI and 11 healthy controls), who were administered experimental and perceptual control tasks. Findings indicate impairment in fearful facial expressions recognition following moderate-severe TBI and complicated mild TBI, as compared to adults having sustained an uncomplicated mild TBI and healthy controls. Impairment is not explained by a perceptual disorder. Results also show that emotional recognition from vocal and musical expressions is preserved following TBI, irrespective of severity. Despite a dissociation observed between performance of emotional recognition tasks from visual and auditory modalities, no relationship was found between vocal and musical expressions. The second study measured early (N1, N170) and later (N2) neural information processing underlying emotional recognition from facial expressions in twenty-five adults (10 uncomplicated mild TBI, 1 complicated mild TBI, 3 moderate-severe TBI and 11 healthy controls) during presentation of fearful, neutral and happy facial expressions. Findings indicate reduced early attentional processing following TBI, which impede higher-level cognitive stage enabling discrimination of fearful facial expressions. In sum, this thesis contributes to further improve our comprehension of emotional recognition from facial, vocal and musical expressions following TBI, according to injury severity. It also contributes to understand mechanisms underlying affected emotional recognition from facial expressions, which seem to arise as a consequence of reduced early attentional processing following TBI. This thesis could help to eventually refine interventions for emotional processing following a TBI.

Keyphrases: Traumatic brain injury, Emotions, Facial expressions, Non-linguistic vocal expressions, Musical expressions, Electroencephalography (EEG), Event-related potentials (ERP)
Governmentality and exclusion in post-disaster spaces : conducting the conduct of the survivors of Typhoon Sendong in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines

When natural hazards unfold into disasters, the responses of religious, state, and other trustees reveal both the complex relationships among these parties and their power in producing the spaces accessed by the survivors. The disaster response includes the creation of post-disaster spaces, such as evacuation centres, transitional housing, and permanent resettlement sites, that specifically target or appeal to a particular subset of survivors, and aim to help them to survive, to cope with, and to recover from the disaster. The trustees directing the processes of disaster relief, recovery, and rebuilding are powerful actors who seek to problematise and render technical an issue in terms that they are ideally placed to address through a variety of interventions.  This research project sets out to answer the question: where do the survivors of a disaster rebuild their lives and livelihoods? It investigates a specific case of environmental migration in which tens of thousands of residents were permanently and temporarily displaced from their usual places of residence after Typhoon Sendong in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines in 2011. The research is based on interviews with trustees and survivors, participatory videos made by urban poor survivors, and mapping activities. The study draws on feminist theory, migration studies, studies in governmentality, global environmental change literature, and regional studies to situate diverse experiences of migration within a geographical and historical context.   This dissertation offers a critical topography in which the processes and practices of producing post-disaster spaces are exposed. Because space is necessarily malleable, fluid, and relational due to the ever-changing activities, conflict, and experiences unfolding in the landscape, any analysis of space must be formulated in terms of the social relations occurring within and beyond its porous boundaries. Accordingly, this study explores how the social relations among survivors and trustees are linked to exclusion, governmentality, mobility, and space- and place-making. It finds that although the migration trajectories of most survivors were confined within the city limits, the experiences of these survivors and their use of urban spaces were vastly different. These differences can be explained by political, economic, and social structures, and by religious, economic, and gender differences. Furthermore, it argues that post-disaster spaces are best understood as “spaces of exclusion” where trustees exercise a governmental rationality. That is, purportedly inclusive post-disaster spaces serve to further marginalise vulnerable populations. These spaces also open opportunities for trustees to carry out governmental interventions in which certain people and landscapes are simplified, rendered legible, and improved.

Keyphrases: Exclusion, Philippines, Environmental migration, Governmentality, Disaster, Natural hazards, Gender, Space, Place
Dysfonctions mitochondriales associées à l’acidose lactique du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean révélées par l’étude d’un nouveau modèle murin de la maladie

The French Canadian variant of Leigh Syndrome (LSFC) is an inherited disease caused by a point mutation in the LRPPRC gene, encoding for a protein of the same name. LRPPRC is involved in the translation of mitochondrial genes, encoding several OXPHOS complexes. Biochemical impacts include a tissue-specific reduction of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), namely in the brain and liver, and the onset of fatal acidotic crises that cause an 80% mortality before the age of 3-4. Identification of therapeutic strategies remains a significant challenge, in part due to the limited knowledge about biological functions of LRPPRC and the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of LSFC at the level of the resulting mitochondrial dysfunctions. To gain better knowledge on these mechanisms, our research consortium has recently developed a novel mouse model with a liver specific knockout of LRPPRC (H-Lrpprc-/- mouse). Our main goal is to determine whether this novel mouse model reproduces the mitochondrial dysfunction previously observed in human fibroblasts from LSFC patients. As a part of this master’s project, we have initiated the characterization of this novel mouse model, examining general phenotype, hepatic histopathology, and mitochondrial functions, by focusing on respiratory functions and the ability for the oxidation of several substrates. We observed growth delay and hepatomegaly in our H-Lrpprc-/- model as well as several histological abnormalities in the liver. Moreover, LRPPRC ablation induces not only complex IV deficiency, but also ATP synthase deficiency and affects the mitochondrial capacity to oxidize long chain fatty acids. Based on these results, we believe that the H-Lrpprc-/- mouse model will contribute to the general advancement of knowledge on LRPPRC, providing a better understanding of its involvement in the different mitochondrial functions.

Keyphrases: LSFC, LRPPRC, Lactic acidosis, Mitochondria, Mitochondrial dysfunctions, Cytochrome c oxidase, LSFC, LRPPRC
L’engagement au développement professionnel des infirmières œuvrant en centre hospitalier universitaire : une étude qualitative descriptive

Registered nurses’ (RN) professional development (PD) is decisive in obtaining better quality of care and patient outcomes. To achieve professional development, nurses require to be engaged at an individual level. Yet, a disparity is observed within university health centers (UHC) between the nurses’ uttered willpower to pursue their PD, and their diligence to attend PD opportunities offered by the organizations. A qualitative study aimed at describing, within UHC, the nurses’ perception (n=8) towards organizational factors susceptible to favor their engagement in continuing their PD. Eight individual semi-structured interviews were performed with RN working within the surgical department at Sainte-Justine UHC. The results reveal that nurses are influenced by a great numbers of organizational and individual factors. The main factors influencing nurses’ engagement towards their PD: a) a favorable work environment; b) accessibility to PD; c) varied PD opportunities. Favorable opportunities are those appealing to their autonomy and inciting their involvement. In conclusion, organizations ought to present a varied and structured PD offer, meeting the nurses’ professional needs, while mitigating the impact of their job and personal constraints.

Keyphrases: Engagement, Professional development, Organizational factor, Opportunities
Facteurs influençant le succès de la restauration des populations de carex faux-lupulina

This study aimed to determine the practices and factors influencing the success of the reintroductions of false hop sedge, an endangered perennial species growing in North American open wetlands. To do so, germination experiments were performed, and the survival, vigour and microhabitat of each false hop sedge plant known in Québec (wild or reintroduced) were measured. Our results show that false hop sedge is easy to propagate ex situ. A cold stratification (4°C) of seeds in wet sand for one month induced higher germination rates. Our results also show that exotic aphids, as well as a transplantation in habitats that did not meet the false hop sedge requirements in terms of soil moisture and available light, caused the premature death of many transplants. Our reintroduction program allowed the establishment of at least one new false hop sedge population in Québec, and potentially contributed to sextupling the size of the provincial population. Overall, this study allowed us to better understand the ecology of false hop sedge, and thus facilitate the restoration of its populations.

Keyphrases: Germination, Wetlands, Endangered species, Herbivory, Soil moisture, Light, Reintroductions
Dynamique de la variation génétique et épigénétique chez un vertébré kleptogène

Phenotypic variation is critical to the persistence of organisms over time and the colonization of new habitats. The main consistent sources of phenotypic variation are genetics and epigenetics. Epigenetics was proposed as a valuable asset for asexual organisms to compensate or to complete genetic diversity. The objective of this study is to assess whether lack of genetic variation is compensated by epigenetics by comparing methylation patterns of gynogen and kleptogen individuals of the blue-spotted salamander hybrids. Individuals sampled clustered in five genetically differentiated groups, derived from the very same paternal A. jeffersonianum haplome. Two out of the five groups are exclusively gynogenetic, for either ecological or genomic factors. The other three groups occasionally formed kleptogen individuals, since they display a higher genetic variation within sites than among sites, in addition of displaying highly divergent alleles found in high frequency in the sympatric A. laterale populations. Epigenetic patterns are variable and distinct among the five genetic groups. Gynogenetic groups are the only one to display a significant environmental effect on their epigenetic pattern, suggesting clonal individuals must be able to make the most from their epigenetic variation potential to deal with environmental variations.

Keyphrases: Ambystoma, Epigenetics, Genetic variation, Kleptogenesis, Phenotypic plasticity