Influence des vulnérabilités des personnes sur l’appréciation de l’expérience de soins de première ligne

The objective of this thesis is to analyze variations in persons’ appreciation of their experience of primary care based on their vulnerabilities when the usual sources of care used and local contexts within which the care is obtained are considered, all within the frame of a universal system of hospital and physician services.   We appreciated the experience of primary care of 9 206 persons. At the same time, the health related, biological, material, relational and cultural vulnerabilities of the users of the services are evaluated. Also, a classification into three categories of usual sources of care is used : 1) no usual source of care, 2) a usual source of primary care identified in a taxonomy of five organizational models (four models of professional types, the unique provider, the contact, the coordination and the integrated coordination, and a fifth model of community type), and finally 3) a usual source of care not of the primary level. In addition, a taxonomy of four groups of local contexts is used : the provided-independent, the balanced-coordinated, the deprived-dependent and the affluent-trader. Multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out. The first article of the thesis elaborates on the influence of the vulnerabilities of persons and their interactions on the appreciation of the experience of care. It reveals that persons’ vulnerabilities are generally associated with a positive appreciation of the experience of care, except for the culturally vulnerable persons. This positive effect of vulnerability on appreciation increases in the presence of a second vulnerability, especially the health-related vulnerability. Culturally vulnerable persons have a more frequent positive appreciation of their experience of care if they are also vulnerable in their health. The second article features an analysis of the moderating effect of the usual sources of care on the relationship between different vulnerabilities and the appreciation of the experience of care. The main finding is that materially and relationally vulnerable persons have a more frequent positive appreciation of their experience of care when they use a usual source of primary care. This positive appreciation is the most frequent for the professional unique provider model and the least frequent for the professional contact model. In the third article, we focus on the moderating effect of the local contexts on the relationship between the vulnerabilities and the appreciation of the experience of care. The positive appreciation of the experience of care by the vulnerable persons is the highest, when care is obtained in the balanced-coordinated context except for the culturally vulnerable persons.  Meanwhile, the positive appreciation is the least for care obtained in the affluent-trader or provided-independent context.  The fourth and last article focuses on the analysis of the moderating effect of the interaction between the usual sources of care and the local contexts on the appreciation of the experience of care based on vulnerabilities. The main finding is that usual sources of care are not associated with the same appreciation of the experience of care in all the local contexts for culturally vulnerable persons. However, they have a less frequent positive appreciation when they use the professional contact and integrated coordination models or the community model in the deprived-dependent or affluent-trader context.  This study shows that vulnerable people favor solo practice and that the abundance of resources at the local level does not guarantee a better appreciation of the experience of care. The interdependence of individual, organizational, and contextual factors must be considered to better understand the appreciation of the experience of care.

Keyphrases: interaction, appreciation of the experience of primary care, vulnerabilities of people, usual source of care, local context, moderating effect