NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Interactions à risque entre les enfants et les chiens au Nunavik : dans une perspective d’approche écosystémique de la santé

In Inuit villages, dogs present a public health risk in terms of bites and zoonotic diseases such as rabies, with children being the most at risk. Several attempts have been made to create dog bite prevention programs aimed at children. Yet, few tried to understand the unique nature of the child-dog interactions. The aim of this study, conducted in an inuit village named Kuujjuaq, is to describe the interaction between children and dogs and understand the underlying determinants, helped by an eco-systemic health approach. A cross-sectional study was conducted using mixed methods where 40 direct observation tours, 34 semi-structured interviews (44% Inuit, 56% non Inuit) and 31 participant observations (39% Inuit, 61% non Inuit) were analysed using R and Nvivo softwares. The qualitative analysis showed that children fleeing, intervening during a fight, aggressing dogs and letting tied dogs roam free were the most at-risk interactions. These interactions were all seen, though rarely, during direct observation tours, except for untying dogs that was not observed. Regarding psychological determinants of risk taking in children, perceptions were complex and diverse and included social-situational, family, child as well as macro-level factors. This study offers novel data to initiate the development of a socio-culturally-tailored education program to improve the relationship between children and dogs and thus, reduce dog-bites’ incidence in Northern villages.

Keyphrases: Perceptions, Inuit, Prévention, At-risk interaction, Children, Dogs, Dog bite prevention, Mixed-method, Bite
Prévalence d’agents pathogènes de l’abeille domestique (Apis mellifera) au Québec et leur impact sur la mortalité hivernale

Honey bee colonies are of vital importance for the agricultural production, since many plants depend partially and sometimes totally on pollination. However, beekeepers in Quebec are confronted each year with winter losses exceeding the objectives set. Several factors have been advanced to explain the winter mortality of colonies, but their exact roles and interactions are still poorly understood. This project aims to assess the presence and define the impact of pathogens on winter losses in southwestern Quebec. Pathogens Varroa destructor, Acarapis woodi, Nosema spp., Ascosphaera apis, Melissococcus plutonius, Paenibacillus larvae, deformed wing virus (DWV), AKI complex viruses and black queen cells virus (BQCV), as well as Apocephalus borealis were studied on adult bees collected in August 2017 in 242 colonies from 31 apiaries located in the Outaouais and Montérégie. Study colony winter mortality was assessed in May 2018. Negative logistic and binomial regression models were developed to evaluate the impact of these pathogens, environmental factors, and management practices on winter colony mortality. Colony winter mortality was 31%. The prevalence of Varroa destructor was estimated at 48% in the colonies and 93% in the apiaries, and the mite was associated with winter colony mortality (p<0.05), making it the major health problem for the honey bees of southwestern Quebec. Colonies with ≥ 1 mite/100 bees and where DWV was present had a 2.6 higher mortality risk compared to colonies with less than 1 mite/100 bees and no DWV (p=0.035). Despite the absence of association with winter mortality, Nosema spp. and M. plutonius are also very common agents (prevalence in colonies of 40% and 21% respectively) and associated with the presence of clinical signs in the colony. However, beekeepers did not often report the presence of these agents in their apiaries. The number of colonies owned also had an impact on winter mortality (p=0.038); beekeepers with a small number of colonies (≤5) had a higher mean apiary mortality (62%) than those with 6 to 100 (33%) or >100 colonies (14%). The results of this study provide useful information for the design of targeted and effective preventive medicine programs.

Keyphrases: Varroa destructor, Nosema, loque, Régie, Prevalence, Risk factors, Winter loss, Honey bee, Foulbrood, Management
Caractérisation de la réponse anticorps induite par les bactérines autogènes et de leur effet protecteur pour contrôler les infections à Streptococcus suis chez le porc

Streptococcus suis, one of the most important bacterial pathogen in weaned piglets, is responsible for serious economic losses in the swine industry. Today, mostly autogenous vaccines composed of killed bacteria (bacterins) are used but studies that assessed their protective effect on pigs are missing and their ability to protect is controversial. This comparative field study evaluated the immunological response induced by these vaccines comparing vaccination of sows (passive immunity transferred to piglets) or piglets (active immunity). Using a sow herd with recurrent S. suis problems, the study was divided in two parts: I) Piglets from non-vaccinated sows received 2 doses of an autogenous bacterin. II) Sows received 2 doses of the same vaccine during gestation. Antibody responses were analyzed by ELISA and their protective effect was evaluated by an opsonophagocytosis assay (OPA). Piglet vaccination failed to induce an active immune response even after two vaccine doses. In the 2nd part of the study, high levels of antibodies (mainly maternal-derived) with marked OPA activity were observed in piglets at 1 week old approximately, independently of sow vaccination. These antibodies decreased at 3 weeks of age, in the post-weaning high-risk period. In spite of a slight increase of antibodies in vaccinated sows, maternal immunity transfer to piglets did not increase. Overall, an active or passive piglet vaccination program with the autogenous bacterin used herein failed to induce lasting protection in post-weaned piglets. An improvement of vaccine formulation may be required.

Keyphrases: Streptococcus suis, Vaccin, Etude de terrain, Vaccination, Streptococcus suis, Vaccine, Autogenous bacterins, Field study, Immune response, Vaccination
Impact d’un traumatisme craniocérébral en âge avancé sur la mémoire de travail et relations avec l’autonomie fonctionnelle

Context. Prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among the elderly is increasing as the population ages. Geriatric TBI represents a distinct phenomenon and its consequences seem to be more severe than what is observed in younger populations. The aim of this study is to define the impacts of geriatric TBI on working memory (WM) capacities and link them to the functional outcome of these patients, and to explore the effects of factors associated with cognitive reserve on these variables. Method. We evaluated the verbal and spatial WM capacities and functional autonomy levels of 29 elders who sustained a TBI and compared their scores to a group of 24 healthy elders. Cognitive reserve and TBI-related variables were put in relation with WM performance and functional outcome. Results. People with TBI obtained a significantly lower score on the spatial WM task, on the reverse order condition, than the control group. The TBI group also obtained worse functional outcome scores. Age and TBI severity did not predict performance, but time since TBI and presence of a parietal lesion did influence verbal and spatial WM scores respectively. A higher level of education was associated with a better WM performance, and a higher estimated premorbid cognitive functioning was associated with functional outcome. Conclusions. TBI seems to influence WM differently according to the modality (spatial) and the recall condition (reverse). Variables such as level of education and premorbid cognitive function seem to have, to some extent, an effect on WM and functional capacities. Since TBI patients show impaired performance on the spatial WM task and worse functional outcome, these variables should be considered by clinicians to offer patients adapted care. A better understanding of the profile and determinants of recovery in the elderly will be helpful to assess their rehabilitation needs.

Keyphrases: Traumatic brain injury, Aging, Elderly, Working memory, Functional outcome, Cognitive reserve, Clinical neuropsychology
Un forum de discussion pour le soutien et l’apprentissage d’infirmières préceptrices

Preceptorship in nursing is a complex responsibility that is often undertaken without any formal preparation. Within the nursing literature, there is international consensus that nurse preceptors should be better supported and receive education regarding this role. An online discussion forum (ODF) was developed, implemented, and evaluated to provide support and continuing education to nurse preceptors in an accessible and low-cost manner. The results of this project reveal that with sustained online and offline support, and a structured learning activity, an ODF can encourage deep learning. Nurse preceptors who took part in this ODF reported feeling supported in their role of preceptor and desired to continue their participation in the ODF.

Keyphrases: Nursing, Preceptorship, Online discussion forum, Continuing education, Virtual community of practice
La transition vers le domicile des patients ayant subi une chirurgie colorectale dans le cadre d’un programme ERAS : Une revue intégrative des écrits

Introduction: Every year, thousands of Canadians undergo colorectal surgery as part of an « ERAS » (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) program to accelerate their recovery. Although studies have demonstrated their effectiveness in reducing hospital length of stay, the different aspects surrounding the transition to the domicile of this clientele remain poorly understood. Methods: Using the Whittemore et Knafl (2005) methodology, this review aimed to establish the state of knowledge on the phenomenon of transition to the home after ERAS colorectal surgery. Ten databases were consulted. The extraction of data and the assessment of the quality of the articles were performed independently by two reviewers. Subsequently, the data were categorized according to the theory of transition by Meleis (2010). Results: Forty-two articles were selected of which the majority (n = 27) was of good or very good quality. The nature of the transition is expressed in five elements, ranging from expectations to follow-up and support. The conditions affecting the transition are related to 1) surgery, 2) person/family, and 3) healthcare services. Eleven indicators testify to the quality of the transition, including readmissions and level of distress. Preoperative education and postoperative follow-up are two types of nursing interventions that have been evaluated to help with the transition. Conclusions: The results show a complex and multifactorial portrait of the phenomenon of transition to home after ERAS colorectal surgery. They highlight the added value of the nurse to optimize the overall care of the patient in this transition, according to the person uniqueness.

Keyphrases: ERAS, Transition, Enhanced recovery after surgery, Nursing, Colorectal surgery
La pobreza en México : evolución reciente, explicación y perspectivas

Using a very important dimension of the capabilities approach, agency freedom, we want in this work to demonstrate that poverty in Mexico can be seen as a cause of the lack of agency freedom. For this we take as a proxy of agency freedom the responsibility in its three categories: The subsequent responsibility, the previous responsibility and the otherness responsibility. And as a poverty proxy the the labor trend index proposed by the National Council for the Evaluation of Social Development Policy in Mexico (CONEVAL). Using a MCO we show that the data is significant at the level of Federal Entities.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Philosophie, Ethics, Éthique, Economics, Agency, Poverty, Capabilities, Pauvreté, Capabilités, Agence
Évaluation d’un nouveau modèle de pratique de la physiothérapie en première ligne pour les patients souffrant de pathologies musculosquelettiques

In Quebec, improving the access to primary care is based on the development of family medicine groups (FMGs). Since 2014, FMGs have diversified their service offerings into new professions (physiotherapy, nutrition, respiratory therapy or kinesiology). This choice of professional is specific to each FMGs but there is little data available to support this choice. The objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the practice of physiotherapy in primary care for patients with musculoskeletal disorders at University FMGs of Montreal Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital (UFMGs HMR). A first retrospective study (review of 100 files) aimed to describe the clientele who consulted in physiotherapy at the GMF-U HMR and its care pathway. A second, prospective study assessed the function and quality of life of patients during an initial assessment in physiotherapy and at 3 months, using self-reported questionnaire. Satisfaction with assessment and process of physiotherapy care and patient perception of the effectiveness of care teams was also assessed. The clientele of the UFMGs HMR physiotherapy department was of varied age, of low socio-economic profile and consulted only for musculoskeletal disorders of all locations. participants expressed a decrease in their quality of life and moderate functional disability. Physiotherapy care was aimed at patient empowerment (i.e. therapeutic education and home exercise, mainly). At 3 months, the evolution of the quality of life was significant. The evolution of function was significant for participants suffering from the upper limb. Participants expressed high levels of satisfaction with the management of physiotherapy and a high perception of the effectiveness of the health care team. This project suggests the interest of physiotherapy with UFMGs HMR clients. Further studies are needed across Quebec FMGs to confirm these observations made to the GMF-U HMR clientele.

Keyphrases: Satisfaction, Physiotherapy, Primary care, Musculoskeletal, Incapacity, Interdisciplinarity, Quality of life
La philosophie au secours des rapports de responsabilité sociale de l’entreprise, ou comment dépasser les limites d’un discours "aphilosophique" sur la responsabilité :
Deuxième Partie – Responsabilité et relations moi- autrui

Martin Buber and Emmanuel Levinas have been influenced by the Heideggerian Being-in-the-world. However, Buber’s philosophy as well as Levinas’ philosophy have given birth to new paths of humanizing the world, particularly business corporations, while requiring deep changes in the way the relational fabric of groups, organizations and social institutions is evolving. Buber and Levinas have emphasized the need to develop an authentic relation with radical otherness, starting with the existentiell positioning of being in-face-of-others. In doing so, Buber and Levinas have overcome the state of existential fallenness, while considering radical otherness as an unavoidable dimension of the in-the-worldliness.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Ethics, Economics, Buber, Martin, Levinas, Emmanuel, Heidegger, Martin, Responsibility, Otherness
Blockchain technology and corporate governance : the issue of smart contracts — current perspectives and evolving concerns

Traditional contracts are being replaced in an increasing number of instances by smart contracts that is, “decentralized agreements built in computer code and stored on a blockchain”, which are able to automatically execute the terms within the contract and control the relations between parties so that no further “explicit but redundant” negotiations are needed. This paper assesses current and evolving concerns regarding the adoption of blockchain technology in the areas of financial services, and corporate and public governance. The author evaluates the risks and benefits of the utilization of smart contracts and assesses their suitability (in terms of transparency, accountability, responsibility and fairness) for use in the public services’ “space”. It concludes that while the benefits outweigh the disadvantages, great care should be exercised in terms of design and use because this is still a developing area in terms of both the technology itself and the regulatory environment.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Ethics, Economics, Smart contracts, Blockchain, Corporate governance, Financial and public services
La propension à l’immersion, les attitudes envers la technologie et l’anxiété ressentie durant l’immersion comme facteurs associés au sentiment de présence chez les aînés anxieux à propos de leur santé

Introduction: Current literacy demonstrates that immersive tendencies, attitudes toward technology and anxiety experienced during an immersion in a virtual environment are correlated to the intensity of the sense of presence in adults from 18 to 60 years old (Asina-Jurnet et Gutierrez-Maldonado, 2010; Avram et collègues, 2013; Ling et collègues, 2013; Riva et collègues, 2007). Sense of presence is necessary for the efficacy of an in virtuo exposure therapy (Price et Anderson, 2007; Robillard, Bouchard, Fournier et Renaud, 2003; Wiederhold et Wiederhold, 2005), hence the importance of investigating how elderly people experience the sense of presence (65 years old and older). Aims and methodology: This correlational study aims to analyze the correlations obtained between our different variables of interest and the intensity of the sense of presence, in elderly people having health anxiety and being exposed to a virtual environment with stressing stimuli. This group of anxious elderly participants will be compared to a group of seniors who don’t have health anxiety and two groups of young adults (18-35 years old) having or not having health anxiety. Results: Our results suggest that the strength of the correlations between our variables of interested was stronger in the group of the anxious seniors than in the group of seniors without excessive worries. Our results further demonstrated that the immersive tendencies were significantly associated with the sense of presence in the elderly and young adults, but that the intensity of the worries about health was having an influence on those associations. More precisely, having health anxiety before the immersion modified the direction of the correlations found in the current literacy: in the group of anxious elderly, positive attitudes toward technology were associated to a lowering of the sense of presence. As well, an increase of immersive tendencies was associated with more negative effects of VR (cybersickness) and a higher level of anxiety during the immersion in VR. Overall results suggest that anxious participants got confused between symptoms of cybersickness and anxiety. Conclusion: Our results suggest that it would be possible to use VR with elderly having health anxiety, but that some adaptations are necessary beforehand. Those adaptations would mostly be incorporated in the treatment protocol, to maximize the efficacy of in virtuo exposure. The adaptations will be named and discussed.

Keyphrases: In virtuo, Virtual reality, Health anxiety, Elderly, Attitudes towards technology, Immersive tendencies, Sense of presence
De la disparition scénique entre le postmoderne et le posthumain

The article offers a critical framework of postmodernism and posthumanism in relationship with contemporary performance. Referring on works of Jean-François Lyotard, Fredric Jameson and Cary Wolfe, I will first put into historical perspective the genesis of these concepts and examine how they rethink the relations between new technologies and human being. Secondly, I will analyze the performance The Rite of Spring (Paris, 2015) of Romeo Castellucci in order to uphold the following assumption : on aesthetic level, this scenic creation puts into practice the theories related to dualism postmodernism/posthumanism.

Keyphrases: Machine, Disparition, Technocorps, Disappearance, Postmodernism, Posthumanism
L’accès à la libération conditionnelle : mieux comprendre la prise en charge des détenus provinciaux vers la libération conditionnelle

Objective. The overall objective of this study is to understand the way Correctional Services take care of prisoners to bring them toward parole. From the main objective, we will discuss two objectives. Firstly, this study describes the main steps toward conditional release. Finally, the last objective is to identify some parameters that can modify the way to take care of the prisoners. Methodology. Based on lengthy observations and qualitative interviews, several information was collected. Four detention facilities were observed over a period ranging from 9 to 27 days. During these periods, probation officers and caseworkers were interviewed and observed. Subsequently, a vertical analysis of the data was performed to identify the characteristics of each detention centre. Finally, an analysis of the realities common and distinct from the different institutions was made possible by a horizontal analysis of the data. Results. The analysis of the data allowed the presentation of the various stages of the process towards parole, being access to information, evaluation and monitoring. By this description, different jail’s realities that modulate the way to get to parole are discussed. The role of different officers, their perception of the conditional release, their expectations toward the prisoners and the commissaires and finally, the relationship between all the actors are realities that can be identified with the data gathering. Staff turnover, limited prison space, institutional transfers, supervisory constraints, and lack of external resources all add to the complexity of offender care. In addition, some inmates appear to be more penalized due to their profile. Prisoner who are in protective custody and those living in a safe sector appear to be neglected in some stages of the process in all the detention facilities visited.

Keyphrases: Conditional release, Audience, Parole, Prison environment, Conditional release, Correctional officers, The follow-up of the prisoner
Coisotropic characteristic classes

In this paper, we introduce coisotropic characteristic classes in order to study coisotropic immersions in Cn, and prove that they actually are the isotropic classes introduced by Lalonde (Math Ann 285:343–351, 1989). We conclude with some remarks on the differences between the h-principles for coisotropic immersions, and the one for isotropic immersions that the coisotropic classes fail to capture.

Keyphrases: Symplectic topology, Characteristic classes, Coisotropic immersions
Romeo Castellucci, Anne Imhof : au-delà de la mimesis

This paper offers an analysis of two different performances : Angst II by Anne Imhof and Les Métopes du Parthénon by Romeo Castellucci, examining how equivalencies between “Theatre” and “Performance” are developed and challenged within the mimesis frame. In particular, it considers that performative theatre, as a specific validity claim of aesthetic form, can only be understood as an artistic code which reaches far beyond the limited realm of the imitation principle. I thus argue that these two performances, although based on non-mimetic logic, create internal theatrical coherence in communication with the audience.

Keyphrases: Performance, Mimesis, Performative theatre, Presence