NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Les rubans bleus ; suivi de La robe trouée comme figuration de l’écriture réparatrice dans "Ma mère et Gainsbourg" de Diane-Monique Daviau

Using unwoven fragments, pieces of the past, of the present and even dreams for the future, Les rubans bleus’s narrator reflects on the meaning of the different women in her life. Thus, she attemps to sew the lineage from which she came and to weed a story that will stay frayed. The different women encountered structure the reattached narrative, bringing together like a quilt, in a heterogenous manner, the memories of an “I”.  In the narrative Ma mère et Gainsbourg by Diane-Monique Daviau, the omnipresent pattern of the dress constitutes an envelop for the psyche that allows an imaginary continuum between a mother and a daughter, the narrator. She describes this dress as having holes in it. The reoccurence of this dress in the text prefigures the absence that is felt by the daughter as she mourns her mother. The narrator puts forth the many holes in the dress through gaps which read like silences and emptiness between the mother and daughter. These snags in the dress imprinted on the narrator’s identity and founded a “burdon-heritage” that the narrator wears, and shares in her book. With her writing, she invites the reader to a slow passage through the mourning process (Anzieu, Delvaux, Green, Harel). The latter presents itself as the thread with which the narrator will sew the pieces of her life together, which in turn will allow for a better fit pertaining to the figure of the absent-mother, and from there, to her own identity. Hence, the narrator ties together childhood memories, dreams and reflections about loss and emptiness, like a patchwork, giving form to her text, that of a mourning dress.

Keyphrases: Diane-Monique Daviau, creative writing, Quebec literature, writing and mourning, women's writing
Norm implementation in the enlarged European neighbourhood : justice and home affairs in Moldova and Ukraine

The European Union (EU) relies heavily on normative tools to exert power in world politics, such as the promotion of its own laws and standards. The most successful case is the EU enlargement process, which has contributed to stabilize the vicinity and transform candidates into market-based democracies by promoting alignment with European legislation and offering the prospect of EU accession. The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) uses the same mechanisms that have made enlargement a successful policy, notably incentives-fueled reform. It does not however offer participating states a membership perspective and therefore most scholarly studies have drawn bleak prospects on its ability to promote reform. While cooperation in the ENP framework is not as intense as during the enlargement rounds, we find that some countries have indeed been making changes to their legislation and aligning themselves with the acquis communautaire, while other countries have not been so successful. By comparing norm implementation in the field of Justice and Home Affairs in the cases of Moldova and Ukraine, we show that differences are explained by the significant impact of domestic factors, such as contested state identities and domestic political battles over foreign policy.

Keyphrases: Ukraine, European Union, Norms, Enlargement, Normative power, European Neighbourhood Policy, Justice and Home Affairs, Domestic factors, Constructivism, Rationalism, Moldova
L’écoute de la peur : une étude du son dans les jeux vidéo d’horreur

Focusing on the different roles of sound in horror videogames, this master thesis aims to expose the cognitive process of a gamer during his gameplay activity. From the structure of the soundscape to the production of meaning through the sound’s functions, this research measures the implication of audio in the creation of a mise en scène of videoludic fear. As a means to do so, it presents, evaluates and develops a plurality of concepts about gameplay, modes of listening, diegesis, sound generators, systemic and immersive audio functions, and the building of fear with different sound strategies.

Keyphrases: Sound, Structure sonore, Sound structure, Sound functions, Video game studies, Horror videogames, Gameplay, Horizon of expectations, Fear, Horror, Interactivity
Lien entre les matrices de transfert de spins et de boucles du modèle de Potts sur le tore

The link between the spectrum of the spin transfer matrix of the critical Potts model and that of the double-row transfer matrix of the loop model is established. The relationship between the two operators is obtained in two different representations of the cyclic Temperley-Lieb algebra, whereof the transfer matrix is an element. The result is given in terms of the modified traces that correspond to tracing out the subspace of the N-link representation space that transforms according to the m th representation of the cyclic group. The thesis consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, basic results about the Potts model in the spin and loop pictures are recalled. In the second chapter, the properties of the cyclic Temperley-Lieb algebra and of some of its representations are studied. Finally, the relationship between the traces of the two operators is constructed in the third chapter. The final result is similar to the one obtained by Jacobsen and Richard in 2007, but a new representation that has not been studied is investigated.

Keyphrases: Temperley-Lieb algebra, Phase transition, Loop models, Ising model
L’assainissement écologique des eaux usées domestiques : scénario d’aménagement type pour les résidences isolées de pays développés nordiques

At the moment, the planning of conventional sanitation systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater is responsible for the depletion of natural resources and pollution of receiving waters. A more holistic approach, respecting the local ecosystem, such as the new paradigm of Ecological Sanitation would greatly improve this situation. The idea pursues the closure of water and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus found in the human excreta) cycles through their reuse in agriculture. However, this new approach remains relatively unknown except for a few planning professionals responsible for the implementation of sanitation systems especially in the context of northern industrialized countries. Therefore to enhance the design of this kind of system, there is a need to educate and inform these professionals on more suitable treatment options to adopt. To achieve this, a planning scenario has been developed using a literature review and analysis of the data using a grid based on the recommendations of the paradigm when planned in this particular context. This scenario will help the professionals to better understand the philosophy of this approach and its implementation. It will represent a starting point for the interdisciplinary and participatory discussions that this approach demands. In conclusion, there is still a lack of knowledge surrounding the use of certain alternative options and their degree of acceptance by the public. Moreover, the legislation surrounding sanitation represents a significant obstacle to the implementation of this sort of alternative system. Still, this research helps the planning and design professionals demystify the new paradigm and may even be helpful in the modification of laws for the integration of its philosophy.

Keyphrases: Ecological Sanitation, Domestic wastewater, Isolated household, Cold climate, Planning scenario
Le rôle de la rhétorique dans le projet en design : une exploration du concept d’argumentation de Perelman et Olbrechts-Tyteca

Interdisciplinary projects rarely constitute a field of research on design process. The general theories of design, while trying to define what is common amongst all disciplines of design, have a tendency to study typical cases rather than atypical cases. Hence, we believe that within interdisciplinary projects live an argumentative negotiation and openness towards others, relevant to analyse the design process. To study the design process, we used a project-grounded research strategy, which proposes an active participation in the field. Within this methodology, we conducted our research during a hybrid project: an identity signage destined to brand the “écocentres” of the city of Montreal while orienting its users.  Like many other practices of design, the complexity of interdisciplinary projects demands the contribution of many actors in the process. Theses people envision the project with visual representations and verbal exchanges. We chose to direct our attention principally to the latter. In order to do so, we followed the theoretical framework of Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca called “The New Rhetoric: A Treatise on Argumentation” while focusing more specifically on the concepts of agreement and audience. Because the vehicle for action in design is the notion of projet1, “Anthropologie du projet” by Jean-Pierre Boutinet will be our guide to conduct this study. The object of research of this thesis will therefore be the process of design through the lens of argumentation.  Argumentation has revealed itself as the key to the problem of value judgements, common to all design disciplines. What is a good completed project? Is it possible to answer this question without falling in an argumentative framework and without having to reveal the arguments that allow us to believe true such a proposition? It is by linking the design theory of projects and the theory of argumentation that we have shed light on the practice of the designer, his relationships with his clients, his colleagues, and ultimately, with himself. Argumentation is a tool that enables the construction of reality in the interdisciplinary project.

Keyphrases: Design, Argumentation, Projet, Rhetoric, Design process
L'éveil dans le « Sûtra de Vimalakîrti »

Our analysis pertains to the notion of awakening in the Vimalakîrti Sûtra. Firstly, we present and compare the models of awakening exposed in this text, namely the figure of the buddha and – especially – that of the bodhisattva; we analyze their two major characteristic traits, that is to say transcendent knowledge and skillful means, and elaborate on their relation to awakening. We quickly find that transcendent knowledge is a non discursive knowledge of the real nature of all things and that it is a necessary condition to awakening, whereas skillful means – also called salvific expedients – constitute the myriad of clever and merely provisory means conceived and used by buddhas and bodhisattva in order to bring all ignorant beings to awakening and thus to liberate them from attachment and suffering. In the second chapter, we characterize the state of consciousness of the awakened through notions such as non-duality, non-discrimination and no-mind, and present the conception of meditational practice upheld in our sûtra. We show that the state of awakening is a non discriminating state of consciousness in which personal identity and phenomena – or the subject-object duality – are recognized as illusions or, more precisely, as mental and linguistic constructions. Meditation thus appears to be a provisory skillful mean, the goals of which are the deconstruction of discursive thought’s dualist paradigm and the realization that, ultimately and paradoxically, there exist no real obstacles to awakening and no necessary meditational practice to the experience of awakening.

Keyphrases: Mahayana, Bodhisattva, Chan, Philosophy, Buddhism, Awakening, Mahayana, Bodhisattva, Non-duality, No-mind
La identidad autóctona y el aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua en comunidades indígenas de Hispanoamérica : el caso de Ecuador

This research is built around a practical investigation conducted in three Quichua communities living in northern Ecuador. It claims to study the impact that should have the cultural and linguistic diversity in the educational policies in multilingual and multicultural environments. In Spanish America, the education of indigenous people has never been very attentive to their specific needs in respect to learning Spanish as a second language. Indeed, the motivations of these learners, more instrumentals than integratives, show that indigenous learn the Spanish language almost exclusively to communicate, without being actually interested in the group's native language. In addition, our field research with Otavalo learners showed us that their very strong ethnic identification influences the acquisition of Spanish. On the one hand, they are more likely to distinguish themselves from others, especially the Hispanic speaking people, and on the other hand, they don’t achieve high competence in the second language. Our research concludes that education, no matters if it comes from the national or the bilingual system, should further consider the ethnolinguistic identity of the many indigenous children, in order not to prejudice their rights. This would encourage a positive and significant acquisition of Spanish, as a second language or mother tongue, but would also consolidate the indigenous identity of the learners.

Keyphrases: Acculturation, Motivation, Ethnic Identity, Spanish as a Second Language, Cultural and Linguistic Rights, Indigenous People of Hispanic America, Bilingual Education, Acculturation, Motivation, Quichuas of Ecuador
Comportements alimentaires de jeunes utilisateurs de boîte à lunch, selon des mères québécoises

Objective. To improve the understanding of the eating behaviour of children, relative to lunch boxes, as described by their mothers and taking into consideration the contribution of Jean-Pierre Poulain’s six descriptors of human food behaviour.  Methods. Individual and group interviews were conducted with 5 dietitians and 13 mothers. Qualitative analysis has been done using Poulain’s descriptors, on the eating behaviour of children and their lunch boxes. The material dimension of the lunch box was also considered.  Results. Space dimension : Meals are eaten into classrooms or in large areas designed for that matter. Temporal dimension : The time and the duration of the activity varies, depending on different factors. Moment and time involve preparing the lunch box is also of interest. Social environment : Peers and media in general have an important influence on the behaviour of lunch baggers. Logic of choice : The mother is the key decision maker and actor with regards to the lunch box content. Content : Lunch can be related to last meals leftovers or home made sandwiches, side dishes and desserts are also of interest. Analysis of comments associated to the lunch box material dimension reveals the importance of ease of cleaning as a key factor for the mothers. Visuals appearance is the most important factor for the kids. Environment becomes a growing concern.  Conclusion. This new way of looking at the food behaviour of young lunch box users may help public health educators to inform and assist the actors involve in this daily activity and/or develop public health promotion program.

Keyphrases: Études qualitatives, Lunch box, Children, Mother, School lunch, Food behaviour, Qualitative study
Approche probabiliste pour l’analyse de l’impact des changements dans les programmes orientés objet

We study the possibility of predicting the impact of changes in object-oriented code  using  bayesian  networks.  For  each  change  type,  we  produce  a  bayesian  network  that determines  the  probability  that  a  class  is  impacted  given  that  another  class  is  changed.  Each network  takes as  input a set of possible  relationships between classes. We  train our networks using historical data. The proposed impact-prediction approach is evaluated with two different scenarios, various types of changes, and five systems. In the first scenario, we use as training data, the changes performed in the previous versions of the same system. In the  second  scenario  training  data  is  borrowed  from  systems  that  are  different  from  the changed one. Our evaluation showed that,  in both cases, we obtain very good predictions, even though they are better in the first scenario.

Keyphrases: maintenance, Change impact analysis, maintenance, probabilistic models, bayesian  networks
Imagination et individuation dans la philosophie de Spinoza : La science intuitive comme imagination libérée

Spinoza’s philosophy is an attempt to reconcile three fundamental perspectives : neo-platonician emanation (expression), Cartesian mechanism (efficient cause), and Aristotelian categories (Substance, attribute, mode). This first point is taken for granted. We will argue that this attempt is made possible by the new modernist conception of an actual infinite. We will then examine the consequences of this new interpretation, viz. to allow self-transparency by internal immanence of an individual who is expressive of an eminence that diffuses him, while at the sime time being substantially determined in the knot of finite objects. We will then propose imagination and prophets as a starting point and active principle of the conatus’ effort, in order to show that all distinctions, in Spinoza’s philosophy, rely on a power to forge fictions. In conclusion, we will argue that Nietzsche’s Zarathoustra is an attempt to catch and pursue Spinoza’s intuitions.

Keyphrases: Science intuitive, Fiction, Intellect, Nietzsche, Zarathoustra, Infini, Hilaritas, Intuitive science, Fiction, Nietzsche, Intellect, Zarathustra, Infinite, Hilaritas
Analyse diagrammatique des désintégrations de type B vers PPP sans quarks charmés

This Master’s thesis presents the application of the method of decomposition in terms of diagrams to the charmless decays of B mesons to three pseudoscalar particles. We systematically apply the diagrammatic method to the decays B → Kππ, B → KKK ̄, B → KK ̄π and B → πππ. It is shown that when we neglect exchange and annihilation diagrams, whose contributions have been estimated to be small, new relations appear between the decay amplitudes. These relations constitute new tests of the standard model that can only be obtained through the diagrammatic method. When the necessary data is available, we verify these relations and obtain a good agreement with the experimental results. We also show that it is possible use observables in the B → Kππ sector to measure the weak phase γ with a theoretical uncertainty of the order of 5%. Other decay sectors can only allow the extraction of weak phases through the use of approximations of unknown precision.

Keyphrases: Violation CP, B physics, CP violation, Diagrammatic method, Standard model, Dalitz plot analysis, Weak phase gamma
Étude de la coalescence de nanogouttelettes par dynamique moléculaire

In this work we studied the coalescence of liquid nanodroplets and more specifically the topological deformation from their rupture at the initial contact to the full coalescence. We used molecular dynamics to simulate various liquid droplets: 3 dimension liquid silicon (l-Si) droplets using the Stillinger-Weber potential as well as 2d, quasi-2d (discs) and 3d liquid copper (l-Cu) droplets using the Embedded Atom Model semi empirical potential. All simulations showed similar qualitative coalescence independently of initial size and temperature for 2d, quasi-2d and 3d systems: the topological deformation evolved quickly without any important mixing taking place between atoms from both droplets. Furthermore, we studied the evolution of the radius of the liquid bridge formed between the droplets and demonstrated that it is possible to observe, using molecular dynamics, a transition from a viscous to inertial regime of this bridge, as suggested by analytical models. Studying the l-Cu droplets, we observe exactly the analytical predicted behavior of the coalescence evolution and confirm that the initial regime follows a viscous driven mechanism without any local flattening of the droplets. The results are different with the l-Si droplets where we observe a greater effect, compared to analytical models, of the initial droplets radius and temperature on the bridge evolution. This suggests that the parameters describing the coalescence process are dependent of the properties of the materials used in the coalescence instead of the present universal accepted models.

Keyphrases: Coalescence, Coalescence evolution, Nano-gouttelettes liquide, Nanodroplets, Molecular Dynamics, Viscous regime, Inertial regime
Le jeu littéraire : appropriation et transformation discursive et textuelle dans Certainement Pas de Chloé Delaume ; suivi de Jouer le je

In Certainement Pas, I will be focusing on the problematic of the literary game and its relation to the constraint. First, how does Chloé Delaume manage to appropriate multiple extra-literary cultural discourses and forms a priori, in order to then transform them? Second, how is she able, within her style of writing, to "phagocyte" a vast quantity of literary references? Consequently, what concept of literature does she provide the reader? Does she aspire, by modeling her novel on a game, to filially acknowledge past authors, thus adopting a devoted position? Or, does she conversely attempt to "dissect/ regurgitate" these paternal texts in order to act iconoclastically? In this manner, does she succeed in destroying the myth of originality in literature? Last but not least, how is her text interpreted and received by the reader?  Jouer le je is a literary project which broadens and pushes the boundaries of reflections on the role that the game and the constraint play in literature. Written as a play, the text seeks to hone the problematic of linguistic automatism, thus becoming a tool of the latter's destruction. The text features two characters. The principal protagonist, a young twenty-five year old woman named Plume Liddell studying immunology and suffering of linguistic dyslexia, shall participate in six psychotherapy sessions during which she will describe herself. The second character, the psychologist, will not speak for the greater part of the sessions.

Keyphrases: Chloé Delaume, Contraintes, Filiation, Folie, Contempory french literature, Chloé Delaume, Game, Constraints, Intertextuality, Re-writing, Filiation, Experimental language, Literary creation, Folly