NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
The Wolf and the Whale: aesthetic relationships between electroacoustic music and poetry inspired by the Canadian landscape

This thesis explores aesthetic relationships between poetry and music. It looks at both the analogous and disparate traits of the two arts with a focus towards the shared qualities of contemporary poetry and electroacoustic music. In suggesting how those of the former lend themselves as a tool for the composition of the latter, the paper touches on current and past research concerning music and narrative, electroacoustic aesthetics, psychoacoustics, poetics, semiology, linguistics and the history of poetry and music.  This broad approach considers environmental sound as similar to the poetic word – a communicator of image, feeling, and history that, when re-contextualized in music, has the ability to both convey and elicit emotion. Indeed, in electroacoustic music, environmental sound can explicitly detail the characteristics of a real acoustic space, however, with the transformative effects of signal processing it can also shift into the abstract. This motion between sounds perceived as real and abstract parallels motion in contemporary poetry. Both arts can also express literal and symbolic meaning. This thesis investigates how these and other shared traits overcome intercommunicative barriers that arise naturally from their syntactical differences to mediate associative interpretations of poetry in music.  The thesis ends with the musical analysis of four compositions, three of which were created with the support of the Canada Council for the Arts. These three pieces are the fruition of much of my doctoral work, exemplifying music inspired by poetry and composed from recordings of the Canadian environment. The regions represented in these recordings feature in the work of contemporary Canadian poets, John Steffler, Don Domanski and Marilyn Dumont. Varying in aesthetic, these poems use distinct language to depict the diversity of modern Canadian ecology. The content of each poem, in combination with my own experiential memory of the recorded environments, provides the inspiration for much of the music. The fourth piece presented also uses poetry as a foundation for composition; however, it is an earlier work that is less concerned with exploiting the potential of environmental recordings to create music representative of location-bound imagery in poetry. It has been included as an example of how my compositional strategies and concerns were refined.

Keyphrases: Abstraction, Electroacoustic, Acousmatic, Poetry, Abstraction, Realism, Narrative, Imagery, Aesthetics
Chorégraphier le son

During these last three years, my language evolved constantly towards a more gestural vocabulary. Through this, I searched for a way to « choreograph » music. During this research, I gave as much importance to movement as to temporality in order to highlight certain aspects that are purely musical. The objective is mixing the pure choreographical movement, the musical gesture, and the instrumental gesture. I choose to present my pieces chronologically in order to analyze their relation, the compositional evolution that I experimented. These pieces use very different energy dynamics, a tendency for the extremes and the paradigm of electroacoustic music. These elements are intrinsic both in my writing and my musical thinking. Taking this into consideration, I was able to generate the concept of « choreographical » music, where the music is expressed through different types of gesture.

Keyphrases: composition, perception, sonic object, movement, temporality, mixt music, gesture, perception, unity semiotic temporal
L'utilisation du synthétiseur dans la musique instrumentale

This masters thesis presents the results of my two-year study in musical composition at Université de Montréal. My research focused on developing an original and personal musical language, with an emphasis on harmony and rhythm. It focused also on the integration of the synthesizer in a traditional concert setting. This paper will analyze these elements by studying a body of pieces composed for this masters degree. Regarding the study of the synthesizer, this text will be about the relationship between this electronic instrument and the traditional acoustic instruments, whether it be opposition, blending to an ensemble or musical dialogue. Furthermore, some questions about this instrument will be addressed (patch programming, live interpretation, notation problems, and so on).

Keyphrases: Langage musical, Music, Instrumental composition, Synthesizer, Harmony, Musical Language, Analysis
Institutions et création musicale à Montréal de 1966 à 2006 : histoire et orientations artistiques de la Société de musique contemporaine du Québec, des Événements du Neuf, de l'Ensemble contemporain de Montréal et du Nouvel Ensemble moderne

This study aims to bring to light the important role of four organizations who presented through concert 515 contemporary music programs in Quebec between 1966 and 2006: Société de musique contemporaine du Québec, Événements du Neuf, Ensemble contemporain de Montréal, and Nouvel Ensemble Moderne.  These groups are unique in terms of genre, artist generation, and evolution of esthetics.  However, they share the same objective, which is to spread awareness of contemporary music by commissioning, creating, and diffusing inescapable pieces of the contemporary repertoire locally and internationally.  Furthermore, these societies serve at once as mediator between the public and the artists, and as catalyst for notable artistic events, as the Symphonie du millénaire (SMCQ), or the Forum international des jeunes compositeurs (NEM). The historical study and the analysis of the artistic directions and of the activities of SMCQ, Événements du Neuf, ECM, and NEM will allow for the unveiling of a new dimension of music history in Quebec during the second half of the 20th century. Once the historical markers that surround the foundation of the societies under consideration have been laid out, a detailed analysis of their programming underlines the particular esthetic trends to which the work of the best-known composers belongs. This analysis is accomplished by taking as precise inventory of the concerts as possible, which retraces the concert data (date, place, title), the composers’ names, the titles of the pieces, the instrumentation, and the interpreters. Finally, the analysis of the concerts displays the main programming principles underlying the development of a contemporary music repertoire. This allows better understanding of how these societies have contributed on varied esthetical tendancies development and how they shaped the milieu of Québécois musical creation during forty years.

Keyphrases: musique contemporaine, Concert organizations, Contemporary music, Quebec's musical history, Corpus analysis, Sociomusicology
La musique, l’auditeur et la radio des années trente : histoire et répertoire de la Radio Suisse romande

This thesis proposes a study of the musical programming of Radio Suisse Romande (RSR) in the 1930s. The first chapter of the work recalls the beginnings of radio in the world and shows the different steps that led to the creation of a public service broadcasting in Switzerland and its early years of development. The second chapter examines the construction of program schedules on the air and looks at the roles and implications of the different actors involved in the development of music programs at the time: programmers, musicians and listeners. The third chapter is a statistical study based on a sample of music programs broadcast between 1930 and 1939. In making a classification of recorded music programs and the identification of different authors/composers present in broadcasts, we propose a typology of programs and composers. The study is illustrated by several sound archives.

Keyphrases: Radio, 1930, Suisse, RSR, Radio, 1930s, Music, Programs, Switzerland, RSR
Le Canada et l’article 1F de la Convention relative au statut des réfugiés : une application large en réponse aux menaces à la sécurité nationale

International refugee law emerged in 1951 with the adoption of the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. This instrument, along with its Protocol, defined the contemporary notion of “refugee” and established the rights of these individuals as well as State obligations towards them. However, this international protection was not absolute. Suspecting that many oppressors would attempt to use this mechanism to escape prosecution by finding refuge abroad, the authors of the 1951 Convention introduced a derogation to the definition of refugee by way of the exclusion clause. As such, this article allows States to refuse to extend refugee protection to individuals responsible for the most serious international and national crimes.  Canada, which ratified the 1951 Convention and its 1969 Protocol, incorporated the exclusion clause in its national legislation through article 98 of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. The present thesis wishes to examine the application of this exclusion clause in Canadian law. In doing so, we will analyze the understanding of this provision in domestic law. Our objective is to demonstrate that our judicial courts favor a large interpretation of this clause, thus straying from its exceptional nature. This approach results in overweighing the importance of national security against the humanitarian nature of the refugee protection system.

Keyphrases: Crimes graves internationaux, International refugee law, Exclusion clause, National security, Serious international crimes, Serious domestic crimes, Administrative law, Immigration law
Le néo-sujet du droit criminel. Effets secondaires des psychotropes sur l’anthropologie pénale

his study analyzes the combined effects of the rise of neo-liberalism and the use of psychotropic drugs on criminal anthropology. This conjecture alters the relationship of the subject of law to himself, to others and to society as well. It questions the logic of accountability and moral psychology at the foundation of the understanding of the criminal subject. During a trial, the concepts of free will and intention are not neutral. They have no other relevance than supporting a rhetoric allowing incrimination. The integration of psychiatry to expand scientifically criminal scholasticism is a mistake. Acceptance by the courts of the "oracles" of psychiatry is a massive delegation of common sense fraught with uncertainty. With regards to the decisive moment of the intrusion of psychiatry in legal discourse, this study identifies the strategies developped over time involving "elective affinities" between two normative realms wich have in common the absence of a theory of the responsible subject. Beyond this misalliance, this study sheds light on the defense of automatism as one of the few opportunities where criminal law ponders on the neurological conditions of the mind. This study points to the ambiguity of automatism : both as a defense and as the physical core of psychological processes, thus putting into question the assumptions at the basis of moral discourse on consciousness in criminal law. This study emphasizes the fundamental concept of disinhibition in order to understand the neo-subject. It describes the deployment of a pharmaceutical policy hidden in the concept of mental health. It concludes with an analysis of two murder trials before the Quebec Court of Appeal in wich the admissibility of the defense of automatism was questioned – particularily whith regards to the effects of antidepressants on conduct and the impact of depression on behaviour. In both cases, the use of psychiatric expertise was unable to enlighten the court.

Keyphrases: Law, Psychiatry, Automation
Rôle et pouvoirs de l'officier de justice lors de l'ouverture du régime de protection : le majeur inapte est-il protégé adéquatement?

Aging population is a phenomenon faced by Quebec. In this context, the protection of incapacitated and vulnerable individuals will be increasingly important in the coming years and they should benefit adequate protection from the institution of protective supervision.   Considering that the institution of protective supervision is always the result of a court order, the clerk of the Superior Court of Quebec has a fundamental role to play during the judicial process. The judicial officer has jurisdiction to pronounce the judgment of institution of protective supervision.   The following study will attempt to verify whether the proven inapt persons are well protected under the actual system whereby the judicial officer has the function and the powers to decide. To do this, a two way analysis will be used. First, the legal framework within which the clerk shall perform its functions will be studied and second, the results and analysis of an empirical survey of clerks of the Superior Court of Quebec will be discussed. This approach should reveal the existing gap between theory and practice.

Keyphrases: protection, inaptitude, tutelle, curatelle, judicial officer, clerk, role and powers, person, incapacity, tutorship, curatorship
Le partage de la compétence constitutionnelle en matière de relations de travail pour les entreprises et services dont les activités et la vocation sont intimement liées aux Autochtones

This Master’s thesis proposes a jurisprudential study of the exceptional constitutional jurisdiction that Parliament may have over labour relations where the employer’s activities are intimately related to the jurisdiction of the Parliament over “Indians”. The main objective of this study is to identify the criteria to be used to determine whether provincial or federal labour legislation applies to an employer whose activities, mission or management relates in any way to Aboriginal specificity.

Keyphrases: Autochtones, Labour Relations, Division of powers, Aboriginals, Indians, Constitutional law, Jurisdiction, Labour, Employer
Modes de conceptualisation métaphoriques et théorie de l’évolution : analyse textuelle et traduction

In 1859, prominent British naturalist Charles Darwin published On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life (OS). In this book, Darwin introduces his theory of evolution. Since its inception, however, the Darwinian theory of evolution has been shrouded in controversy, rejected outright by some (proponents of creationism, intelligent design, etc.) or highjacked by others (proponents of eugenics, social Darwinism, etc.). Yet the profound impact of the theory extends well beyond the English-speaking world. Despite this, the French translations of this important book have rarely been studied. Therefore, in the current study, we have chosen to fill this gap and study the French translations of the OS. Our study is conducted within a framework that is mainly concerned with conceptual metaphors in biomedical discourse, as well as the problems they cause in the process of translation. We have thus chosen to focus on the identification of conceptual metaphors in the OS, and the ways in which they were translated into French. For this project, we developed a methodology involving the electronic annotation and interrogation of our corpus, namely the OS and its French translation. It also involves the creation of electronic links between a translation and its source text. This methodology is based on a previous one, already used successfully in other studies. Due to its complexity, its development constitutes one of the major objectives of our study. The results thus obtained have made it possible to confirm two of our three hypotheses: 1) all conceptual metaphors identified in the original English text of the OS can be found in each of the French translations, and 2) no conceptual metaphor can be found in any of the French translations that is not already present in the original English text. The results obtained allowed us to compare each translation to the original text, but also to compare the translation amongst themselves. This Master’s thesis includes six chapters, which correspond in turn to our: theoretical framework, literature review, hypotheses and objectives, methodology, results, and discussion.

Keyphrases: Corpus, Conceptual metaphor, Conceptualization marker, On the Origin of Species, Annotation, Corpora, Translation
Perceptions et représentations des inégalités socio-économiques : une comparaison Québec-Ontario

Many researchers consider that a Quebec model exists for social and economic policies, yet, how does this translate on the level of inequality reduction? More specifically, do Quebec citizens perceive inequalities differently than Ontario and are they quite favorable to government intervention to reduce them? What about Quebec’s press, do they react differently towards this issue?  In this thesis, I investigate whether Quebec differs from Ontario in terms of perceptions about and attitudes towards social-economic inequalities.  In order to answer this question, two data sources were used: 1) a 1992 ISSP public opinion poll  2) newspaper media coverage of the elaboration of a pay equity law aimed at reducing an inequality.  These two data serve as lenses through which to consider differences in perceptions and representation and although distinct, they are complementary. I focus on the cases of Quebec and Ontario.    The survey analysis revealed that perceptions and attitudes regarding the importance of performance, education levels, and responsibilities were similar in the two provinces in determining a person’s salary. Moreover, Quebeckers and Ontarians attributed similar levels of importance to social networks to succeed in life. This being said, Quebeckers gave higher levels of support to state intervention to reduce inequalities and granted greater importance to family needs in determining how much a person should earn. A marginally significant result also revealed that Quebeckers considered personal characteristics such as sex and religion less important in determining a person's chances of succeeding in life.  The content analysis of four newspapers revealed that Quebeckers and Ontarians shared similarities: both media coverage had similar main themes and sources. However, there are three main differences. Quebec media was less favourable to the pay equity law than its Ontario counterpart and it more frequently mentioned the economic consequences of the law. Additionally, numerous explanations of pay iniquity brought forward by the Quebec press had more to do with differences in human capital than in systemic discrimination towards women, a situation not present in the neighboring province.   The core findings of this thesis is that Quebec media representation was quite different from public opinion which was favorable to government intervention to reduce inequalities. This reminds us that the media is not a direct reflection of reality nor of public opinion It frames certain aspects of reality within given parameters notably the organizational structure within which it operates.

Keyphrases: Ontario, ISSP, Quebec, media, socio-economic inequality, pay equity
Analyse du processus relationnel formant la socialisation à un ordre professionnel au Québec

The professions have acquired considerable influence in modern societies. During the process to modernize the professional system in Québec, members of the Ordre des psychologues du Québec (OPQ) were required to position themselves concerning the developments in their profession. This brief presents an analysis of the OPQ's relational process of socialization with regard to a particular societal issue, in this case, the redefinition of the legislative framework concerning psychotherapy. Network analyses, during an eleven-year period, of two types of social capital to identify corollaries of the structural relationships of socialization. In addition, the written discourse on modernization in the Order's professional journal was summarized in a narrative that serves as the basis for analyzing the rationality of socialization strategies of these professionals. Though contingent, the relational process stabilizes members' socialization process. The relational structure enables the collective social capital to increase the density of the group's internal relations network and, through the intermediate agency of certain members' individual social capital, facilitates the development of a network culture. These members, who hold key positions within the Order, lead the group's socialization process when it is confronted with various issues. Both critical and contingent in nature, the relational process of socialization is one basis of differentiation between the professional model and other types of occupations.

Keyphrases: profession, Networks analysis, narrative, profession, psychology, relational process, socialization
«Comment je suis devenu toxicomane» : le point de vue d’hommes ayant une dépendance aux drogues

Drug addiction is an wellknown social problem in Québec.  Men, women, young and old people could be affected by a drug addiction problem. Nevertheless, adult men are the most important group represented in the drug treatment services.  Even if, the literature is well documented about the process of drug addiction, these treatments and their effects, we do not well know the drug users’ perspective.  The purpose of this study is to give a voice to these men in order they give their own explanation about their drug addiction.  Using life story methodology, we met six men, drugs or alcohol addicted to listen to their life narrative to understand how they become addicted, what are addiction effects on their life, their social network, how they are involved in their addiction treatment.  Analysis process used was to compare what men explained about their life course and what the literature have documented about the addiction process.  At this end, results make clear that literature and men’ perspective have some common features.  Indeed, the risk factors associated to social network and the early consumption was used by men to explain their addiction as well as in the literature.  This finding help us to understand that drug addiction in a life perspective, need to be considered as an environnemental exposition in family and with peer. However, men did not discuss about their personal risk factors, as impulsivity. But, they are agreed with the literature to report that the quantity, the drug used and the  drugs’ availability are also factors to explain how they become addicted.  Finally, this study give some keys to better adapt treatmen as the drug users’perspective.

Keyphrases: Masculin, Life perspective, Addiction, Drugs, Treatment