NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Suivi d'élèves ayant des difficultés d'adaptation scolaire à l'école secondaire Honoré-Mercier

There can be many consequences when students have difficulties in adapting to the academic environment. They can lead to higher school dropout rates and to the adoption of delinquent behaviour. In the presence of adaptation difficulties, accompanying and monitoring the students is crucial. A monitoring program was offered to five Honoré-Mercier students presenting adaptation difficulties. The intervention program has two objectives. The first one is to decrease the number of classroom exclusions of those students. Another objective is to offer a place where they have the freedom to express their feelings openly. The results of the program are based on the number of classroom exclusion during the intervention. They are also measured on the results of an Achenbach test (Achenbach, 1991) and on the opinions of the students on their own progress.     The results illustrate that the students did not significantly lower their number of classroom exclusion. They also show that some problems detected in the Achenbach test were amplified whereas types of problems decreased. Finally, the results show that students appreciated their follow-up because it allowed them to experience intrinsic changes. Based on these results, we can emit several hypotheses on the need to change the duration of the intervention or the problems experienced by the students. The potential contribution of a criminologist in an academic environment is also analyzed.  Keywords: adaptation, difficulty, school, follow-up, secondary, teenager

Keyphrases: adaptation, difficulty, school, follow-up, secondary, teenager
Vieillissement démographique et gestion des sociétés vieillissantes des Caraïbes dans le contexte du premier cycle d'évaluation du Plan d'action international de Madrid

This study presents the major findings of a statistical analysis of population census data sets (2000 census round) for four countries in the Caribbean region: Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. It analyses national census data with a specific focus on the elderly population: their health and well-being, including a discussion of their living arrangements and economic security. A basic descriptive analysis of the variables and synthetic indicators is presented and discussed.   Furthermore, in the context of the review and appraisal of the implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging, information collected through the Survey on Programs for Older Persons in the Caribbean is presented and synthesized. An attempt is made to describe in detail the aging national programs and actions that have been implemented in the English-speaking countries of the Caribbean since the adoption of the Madrid Plan in 2002. The main changes and challenges to the quality of life of older persons in the countries that were reported are listed, compared and discussed.  Population dynamics in the Caribbean are characterized by the rapid pace at which the demographic aging process is occurring. Despite significant ongoing changes in this area, very few studies have examined the Caribbean region. Nevertheless, Caribbean governments would clearly benefit from being made aware of such changes in their finest detail; among other things, a thorough comprehension of population dynamics would aid these governments in adequately planning the financing of their social security and health programs.

Keyphrases: Seniors, Caribbean, Madrid international Plan of Action on Aging, Demographic aging
Imaginaires de la filiation : la mélancolisation du lien dans la littérature contemporaine des femmes

This thesis studies a change of paradigm in the way women’s literature and feminist writings imagine filiation.  The analysis is based on the hypothesis that at the turn of the 1990s, the imagination of a lateral filiation, which takes the form of a sorority, is replaced by a melancholic filiation, corollary to the heiress’ posture of contemporary writers and thinkers.  Parallel to the development of the Third Wave feminism, France and Quebec of the 1990s observe the emergence of a new generation of women’s writers. « [F]irst », in regards to the history of women’s literature, « to benefit from a visibly rich female literary heritage » (Rye and Worton, 2002: 5), the authors belonging to these “new voices” are doubly heiresses: of this female literary tradition and of the contemporary feminist thought.  While the generation of the 1970s and early 1980s, in a sense reclaiming the discourse of the Enlightenment (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity), refused all the legacy from the former generation and imagined itself as a sorority founded upon the murder of the parental figures, the “new” generation is not breaking with the past anymore.  On the contrary, it seeks to appropriate this past as well as history.  Therefore these authors identified with this new generation investigate the vertical axe of genealogy.  However, the family plot they explore through a genealogical gesture is whether baleful, whether partial, parceled out by secrets or by the passing of time and always appears, in any case, to be already lost.  Yet, genealogy is not to be understood here as a mere vector of order or hierarchy but is rather related to a critical movement of dislocation that aims to “divert legitimacies by retracing the repressions, exclusions and taxonomies” (Noudelmann, 2004: 14) upon which any familial history is constructed.  In other words, this generation of heiresses explores inheritance and filiations as a way to encounter otherness, not to say the uncanny.  A similar search is also at stake in the critical and theoretical writings of the Third Wave feminism.  Based on the analysis of women’s writings and feminist thinking published since the decade of 1970s – that sees the Second Wave feminism growing bigger and more influent – this thesis’ main objective is to circumscribe how the imagination of filiations is modified throughout the change of paradigm.  By the light of this analysis lead is the first part of the thesis entitled “De la sororité aux liens f(am)iliaux”, it becomes possible in the two others parts, “Des fantômes et des anges. La filiation en régime spectral” and “Filles et mères, filles (a)mères. La filiation en régime de deuil”, both dedicated to the reading of the selected writings, to identify new forms of kinship explored by women’s writers since the 1990s.

Keyphrases: Filiation, Women's literature, Imagination, Heiresses, Melancholy, Contemporary, Feminist theories
La banque d'investissement et la conglomération du secteur financier : une multiplicité d'intérêts en quête d'équilibre

Playing a key role in market efficiency, the modern investment bank offers a wide variety of services that are as complex as they are different, all under one roof. Acting sometimes in the interest of individuals, businesses, financial institutions, investment funds or governments and sometimes in its own interest, an investment bank must contend with a multitude of diverging interests, which raises certain questions as to the extent of any duty for loyalty it may owe to its clients. Repeated involvement by investment banks in the wave of recent financial scandals has inevitably affected investors’ confidence with respect to the integrity of these institutions and financial markets in general. This factor has significantly contributed to renewing the debate concerning the relevance of controlling, or even eliminating, conflicts of interest, which are a wide-spread phenomenon in the investment banking industry. In terms of preventive measures, market-related solutions and self-discipline by financial intermediaries are inherently flawed. Therefore, in order to offset such deficiencies, it becomes justifiable to regulate conflict of interest situations. Numerous possibilities exist and, as long as regulation is maintained at an acceptable effectiveness/fairness ratio, the State is called upon to establish monitoring standards for various objectives, ranging from a structural reform of the financial sector to developing general principles to serve as guidelines for the conduct of financial intermediaries. Thus, in an industry characterized by a strong tendency for conglomeration, the response from regulators seems to hinge on adequate handling of conflicts of interest, which includes various mechanisms such as the Chinese wall, disclosure and a refusal to act.

Keyphrases: Investment bank, Conflicts of interest, Financial intermediaries, Conglomeration, Principle-based regulation, Management of conflicts, Chinese wall, Disclosure
Une tradition technologique régionale de l’industrie de pierre polie dans la vallée de l’Outaouais au cours de
l’Archaïque supérieur

The Late and Terminal Archaic cultural sequence of the Ottawa Valley region is not well defined. Definition of cultural boundaries should be based on stylistic, technological and functional variations, on a regional and local scale. The “chaîne opératoire” reconstruction of ground stone celts and gouges from the Muldoon and Lamoureux sites could lead to the recognition of a regional technological tradition linked to the Laurentian Archaic, the Post-Laurentian Archaic (Narrow Point) and other cultural trends from the Great Lakes. The analysis of celts and gouges from Muldoon and Lamoureux show a massive use of amphibolite. The distal half of these tools is mostly finely abraded and polished. The proximal half is frequently broken off, but sometimes abraded. These technological traits prove to have some resemblances and differences with Laurentian sites in the Ottawa Valley and some Post-laurentian sites in southern Quebec and Ontario. The ground stone material from these sites shows several links towards the west while participating in the Post-Laurentian Archaic interaction sphere. The Ottawa valley seems therefore to take an independent place in the Late Archaic, as technologic continuities are seen between Laurentian and Post-Laurentian assemblages.

Keyphrases: Amphibolite, Chaîne opératoire, Late Archaic, Terminal Archaic, Laurentian Archaic, Post-Laurentian Archaic, Ground stone technology, Technological tradition, Ottawa Valley, Pointe, Point
Associations de femmes immigrantes à Montréal : participer, appartenir, être reconnues : une voie d'intégration symbolique à la société locale

Fieldwork was carried out in immigrant women’s associations in Montreal to investigate the role of participation of immigrant women in such associations for their integration to their new society. Two associations have been targeted for this study: a neighborhood community association, the Centre Femmes du monde à Côte-des-Neiges, and the Comité des femmes des communautés culturelles of the Fédération des femmes du Québec, a group that defends immigrant women’s rights, at the provincial level. Participant observation was done between February 2007 and June 2008, and a series of 21 individual interviews were completed. Analysis of the data shows that participation in both associations contributes, in similar yet distinct ways, to various aspects of the participants’ integration to the host society: functional adaptation, social integration and, in particular, symbolic integration. This symbolic aspect of integration, which is extensively discussed throughout the thesis, underlies the development of a feeling of belonging and of individual and collective social recognition of immigrant women in their new society.

Keyphrases: Immigration, Associations, Participation, Social and cultural anthropology, Immigration, Immigrant women, Montreal, Associations, Participation, Integration, Symbolic integration, Belonging, Recognition
Relations entre le programme de promotion des habiletés d’adaptation pour les enfants de 6-7 ans  "Les amis de Zippy"  et le climat de classe

Les amis de Zippy teaching program for coping skills aims to promote mental health in junior elementary students. This study is a secondary analysis done with data derived from the program evaluation. The general goal is to verify if belongingness to the intervention group is linked to a better class relational climate at the end of the school year, as perceived by the teachers, while controlling for the class relational climate before the implantation of the program.  The class relational climate refers to the relationships between the students and the relationship between the students and the teacher. The moderating effects of behaviors management and educational practices are analyzed as well. The sample is composed of 35 self-selected teachers no randomly separated into two groups. The following scales from the elementary school QES, teacher’s version, were used: relationships between the students, relationship between the students and the teacher, behaviors management and educational practices. Multiple linear regressions revealed that, generally, group belongingness does not significantly explain the quality of the class relational climate. However, an interaction effect with behaviors management is identified. When teachers have a hard time managing their class, the Les amis de Zippy program is associated with a less favorable relational climate between the students and the teacher then in the comparison group.  However, these preliminary results need to be studied more thoroughly because they may be due to uncontrolled external variables.

Keyphrases: Zippy’s Friends program, Class management, Educational practices, Coping strategies, Class climate, Relationship between the students and the teacher, Relationships between the students, Moderators, Program evaluation
Le contrat de distribution exclusive et le principe de la concurrence au Canada

Exclusive distribution agreements are commonly used in the marketing of products. However, doubts and criticisms have been expressed concerning their validity as regards competition law: these agreements and the resulting practices appear at first blush to be anticompetitive. In this thesis we propose to examine to what extent exclusive distribution agreements can in fact foster competition and hence should be considered lawful as regards competition law. On one hand, we find that exclusive distribution practices are suspect, because the contractual freedom of the producer and of the distributor is restricted. This restriction may hinder interbrand competition due to market power and can potentially create a monopoly. Such actions are not permissible under the Competition Act. On the other hand, some aspects of exclusive distribution arrangements can actually promote competition. They constitute a strategic tool used by suppliers seeking to increase their market shares. This can reinforce competition by encouraging competitors to try out better strategies. Competition must be understood not merely as the constant rivalry amongst all enterprises, but must also encompass cooperation between certain enterprises in order to better compete with others at a more general level. A fair appreciation of competition in exclusive distribution arrangements requires one to have recourse to the economic analysis of law. The economic analysis of law allows one to assess competition based on the criterion of economic efficiency. In order to determine whether or not a particular practice increases the general welfare ( on which efficiency analysis focuses), the negative effects of that practice should be weighed against its positive effects resulting from efficiency gains. In this sense, competition law has evolved, as much in the European Union, as in the United States and Canada, to allow arrangements that lead to net welfare gains. What might have been previously condemned as an obstacle to competition may now appear as a legitimate and healthy commercial strategy. Taking into account this recent development, our analysis leads us to the conclusion that exclusive distribution agreements should be lawful in so far as they improve consumer welfare.

Keyphrases: Exclusive distribution, Competition, Economic analysis of law, Economic efficiency
La crise du logement en Algérie : des politiques d'urbanisme mésadaptées

The housing crisis is generally apprehended as a simple disparity between the availability of affordable housing and the population’s needs. This dissertation's objective is to go beyond this reasoning by questioning the adequacy between public housing’s planning and the targeted population’s needs, the latter being determined by sociocultural traits in complex and dynamic evolutions.  Social housing of an inappropriate size, for considerations of profitability, leading to an overpopulation, could only generate its fast deterioration. This dissertation thus approaches the anthropological theme of the influence of housing organization and public or private living spaces on human societies.  The case of Algeria is of particular interest because of its virulence and the French politics importation at the moment of the colonization, whose aim was the assimilation of Algerians to occidental behaviours and models of consumerism.   This dissertation tries to demonstrate that the various governments who held power after the independence have resumed the colonial politics in matters of city planning. Moreover, the growing frequency of informal practices for collecting rare strategic goods at the source for speculative reasons, including social housing, was accelerated by the housing market liberalization and the privatization of social housing. This created a situation in which very few social housing has been given to families really needing it, thus being even more marginalized and needing to resort to informal practices, hoping to improve their housing conditions.

Keyphrases: Autogestion, Construction, Anthropology, Construction, Ethnology, Family, Housing, History, Strategy, Self-management, Technology
Modélisation de l'interprétation des pianistes & applications d'auto-encodeurs sur des modèles temporels

This thesis addresses the problem of modeling pianists' interpretations using machine learning, and presents new models that use temporal auto-encoders to improve their learning for sequences.  We present previous work in the field of modeling musical expression, including Professor Widmer's statistical models. We then discuss our unique dataset created specifically for our task. This dataset is composed of 13 different pianists recorded on the famous Bösendorfer 290SE piano. Finally, we present the learning results of neural networks and recurrent neural networks in detail. These algorithms are applied to the dataset to learn expressive variations specific to a style of music.   We also present novel statistical models involving the use of auto-encoders in recurrent neural networks. To test the limits of these algorithms' ability to learn, we use two artificial datasets developed at the University of Toronto.

Keyphrases: Performance expressive, Machine learning, Expressive timing, Expressive performance, Recurrent neural networks, Music, Auto-encoders, Temporal models
Le transfert des connaissances historiques dans la résolution d'un problème actuel chez les étudiants de niveau collégial

For the last few years, citizenship education in Quebec schools has been part of the history curriculum. However, this decision is not based on any experimental studies that would have shown history to be the topic best suited to the teaching of citizenship education. The objective of this research is to find out if college level students transfer their historical knowledge to use it in solving present day problems presenting an historical perspective. The target group of this research consists of twenty-five Social Science students (taking a history course) and the zero-group is made up of twenty-five Science students (not having a history course). During the semistructured thirty-minute interviews, students were asked to give their opinion on a treaty signed between the Innu and the two levels of government. A situation scenario was obviously presented to them beforehand. The outcome showed little difference between the target group and the zero-group. Moreover, when both groups were considered together, a quarter of respondents did not use any historical knowledge. Furthermore, the most influential variable in the transfer of historical knowledge proved to be gender. Amongst respondents using no historical knowledge, there was only one male respondent ; the respondents having used conditional knowledge were all males. It is to say that the Quebec school system does not foster the transfer of historical knowledge sufficiently in regard to the analysis of present day situations.

Keyphrases: Citizenship education, History curriculum, Knowledge transfer, Historical knowledge, Problem solving
Du littéraire sans littérature : la logique de la parole dans l’œuvre de Pierre Perrault

This memoir stems from the central paradox which defines the writings of Pierre Perrault : the fact that apart from his cinematographic work, he writes literary texts all the while refuting the status of writer as well as the category of literature. Analysis of the poetic discourse in the poems of Gélivures and the essays from De la parole aux actes demonstrates that Perrault is able, by grace of the imaginary of speech, to write while symbolically withdrawing from literature, which he whole heartedly criticises. This memoir calls on the idea that language plays a significant role on the crossroad of history and society. The first chapter deals with the significance of what is voiced by Perrault and what this implies. The subjects treated in particular are the semantic aspects which encompass the omnipresent motive in his work including the metaphoric ties between one’s voice, one’s memory and one’s identity. The second chapter reflects upon more discreet manifestations of one’s voice, namely, the contributions Perrault makes through his work to what is voiced. Addressed are intertextuality, page layout, and quotation. Perrault’s desire to take his leave to speak is studied in the final chapter. His writing is envisioned as a struggle to defend a voice which is linked directly to his quest for identity that inspires a strongly polemic style and the search for an enunciation which leads to action.

Keyphrases: Quebec’s literature, One’s voice and writing, One’s voice and identity, Intertextuality, Mixed media, Quebec’s cinema, Quebec’s poetry
La Grande Guerre dans le cinéma français de 1918 à 1939 : le discours d’une génération

The main focus of this study is based upon the views and opinions on the Great War from the point of views of the soldiers whom fought in the Great War through the medium of French cinema between 1918 and 1939. The objective is to give an alternative perspective of allowing the soldiers to give their point of view of the events and experiences during the four years of the great war of 1914-1918. Using first hand experiences from being on the front line, the filmmaker becomes a historian as he tells the story of the war veterans; the film can then be used as a way to preserve the memory of these events. There has been an omission of these testimonies from official historical documentation and so these films allow for some inaccuracies to be resolved. Meanwhile, the political and social context influences the interpretation of the conflict, giving rise to films or politicized memorials. More broadly, this study examines the continuities and ruptures in the discourse during the period between the two World Wars. It can be seen that fiction can simultaneously be a historical viewpoint of the Great War and a representation of the times, providing a reinterpretation of events.

Keyphrases: Cinema and history, French cinema, War cinema, History of world war one, War veteran