NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
A Shine of Truth in the "universal delusional context of reification" (Theodor W. Adorno)

“A Shine of Truth in the ‘universal delusional context of reification’ (Theodor W. Adorno)” defends Adorno’s aesthetics as a theory of advanced, or avant-garde, artworks. Its seven chapters show that aesthetic experience implies liberation from illusion (Schein). Chapter I engages a dialectic of viewpoints to explain how different dialectical thinkers (Marx, Lukács, Hegel, Horkheimer, Adorno) have contributed to a criterion of truth adequate to today’s total delusional context of reification—determinate negation of illusion. Chapter II introduces the concept of artistic aesthetic illusion—a reversible illusion opposed to the social illusions of mechanical musical reproduction and of the culture industry. Chapter III examines the question of whether truth in philosophy is a different kind of truth than truth in art. Chapter IV considers whether truth in twentieth-century Expressionism is a new truth based on immediate expression, in light of an important precedent for Expressionism in Robert Schumann’s “Der Dichter spricht.” Chapter V determines whether inorganic montage is more advanced than Expressionism. Chapter VI takes up a parting suggestion of Peter Bürger: to treat artworks after Dada and Surrealism on the model of “prose” in Hegel’s aesthetics. Chapter VII pursues the idea that Dichterliebe, op. 48, (1840) by Robert Schumann is a true artwork. Three results emerge from this close musical analysis: (1) exploiting, on occasion, an ambiguity in the rules for figuration that permits all twelve tones in the harmony, Schumann anticipates Schoenberg; (2) Op. 48, No. 1 is in a hidden key: to all appearances, its key is either A major or F-sharp minor, but its secret key is the Neapolitan region applied to C-sharp major; (3) the other “half” of the cadence with which Op. 48, No. 1 breaks off suddenly may be found in a brief applied-Neapolitan passage in No. 12. The thesis argued is that the antiorganicity in such a work is advanced with regard to the false reality of 1930s Germany and the place of organicity therein. According to Adorno, the only life-praxis afforded by art is remembrance. But the social effect of remembering social suffering is considerable when the Here-and-Now is its own justification.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Dialectic, Critical Theory, Illusion (Philosophy), Music--Philosophy and aesthetics, Reification, Modernism (Aesthetics), Adorno, Theodor W. Adorno, Semblance, Schein, Aesthetic semblance
Exact Lagrangian cobordism and pseudo-isotopy

In this thesis we study the properties of Lagrangian submanifolds of a symplectic manifold by using the relation of Lagrangian cobordism. More precisely, we are interested in determining when an elementary Lagrangian cobordism is trivial.   Using techniques coming from Floer homology and the s-cobordism theorem, we show that under some topological assumptions, an exact Lagrangian cobordism is a Lagrangian pseudo-isotopy. This is a weaker version of a conjecture proposed by Biran and Cornea, which states that any exact Lagrangian cobordism is Hamiltonian isotopic to a Lagrangian suspension.

Keyphrases: Lagrangian submanifold, Lagrangian cobordism, Lagrangian pseudo-isotopy, Floer homology, Whitehead torsion
Détection d'évènements à partir de Twitter

In this thesis, we propose a method to highlight users’ concerns from a set of Twitter messages. In particular, we focus on major events that stimulate the user’s interest within a given period. Given its rate of use and accessibility of data, we used Twitter as a source of our data. In this work, we use tweets related to Tunisia, most of them being written by Tunisians.  The first task of our system was to continuously extract tweets during 67 days (from February 8th to April 15th, 2012).  We assumed that an event is represented by several terms whose frequency sharply increases  one or more times during the analyzed period. Due to the lack of resources that allow determining the terms (including hashtags) referring to the same topic, we propose methods that help grouping similar terms. To do this, we used phonetic methods adapted to the way Tunisians write and statistical methods. To determine the validity of our methods, we asked the experts, who are native speakers of the Tunisian dialect, to evaluate the results returned by our methods. These clusters are used to determine the subject of each tweet and/or expand the tweets by new terms.  Finally, to select the set of events (EV), we relied on three criteria: frequency, variation and TF-IDF. The results that we obtained show the robustness of our system.

Keyphrases: Twitter, hashtags, TALN, event, NLP
Intimité au Québec : étude ethnographique d'un réseau personnel

This thesis addresses contemporary transformations of intimacy, from family to friendship, as it is experienced in the everyday life of my personal network of relationships. It takes into account the flexible character and the multiplicity of arrangements of contemporary relationships (Allan, 2008; Stacey, 1991). I focus on some tensions in our intimate lives as a way to critically examine norms and ideals regarding intimacy. Inspired by queer theory, I address intimacy with a critical perspective drawing on authors such as Berlant (2000) and Butler (2002), who question the norms of lasting relationships that are associated with familial love and with the communicational ideal of self-disclosure. Personal experience is the site where these tensions appear and it is the starting point from which a nuanced critique can be developed. The ethnography I have conducted with people in their twenties and their thirties combined a series of methods: observation, reflexivity, individual and group interviews with thirteen persons, visual methods (creation of schemas and drawings). Grounded in communication studies, my research is trans-disciplinary and mobilises sociological studies and philosophical essays, among others. It portrays intimacy in Quebec, and more specifically in my personal network composed of small groups and dyads. This network is mainly comprised of young adults, open to non-traditional intimacies (such as same-sex couples) in the Montreal metropolitan area. My analyses explore the forms of intimacy that characterize my network, including both conventional (e.g. the couple, the family) and less conventional (e.g. celibacy) forms of intimacy. Thus, I analyze the ways in which the norms and ideals of intimacy, such as the couple, are performed, generate meaning and affect various people in different ways. My analyses link collective ideals to concrete and material practices, such as the investment of intimacy in the house and private property. I also turn to some forms of intimacy that are usually given less attention than the couple or the family, mainly small groups of friends. My approach to communication decenters self-disclosure between two people, which is generally perceived as a communication practice at the heart of intimacy (Jamieson, 1998). Instead of focussing on this practice, I analyse how this communication ideal is articulated to couple, family, and friendship norms, and combines to other practices, such as the use of mobile and digital media. In the final discussion, I summarize the main elements of my thesis and reflect upon some challenges raised by the articulation of critical and empirical studies. In sum, the contribution of this research lies in its analysis of lived realities and micro contexts, using concepts from critical and cultural theory.

Keyphrases: Intimacy, Queer studies, Ethnography, Cultural studies, Home, Groups
Synthesis of transition metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes and applications in catalysis

A new class of C1-symmetric N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands has been developed.  The new ligands exploit a biaryl methyne as a chiral relay, and an N-methyl group as a reactivity controlling element.  The precursors for the new ligands were synthesized via a modular scheme that allows for facile diversification.  Several of the new ligands were installed onto both copper and gold, generating mono N-heterocyclic carbene transition metal complexes.  The new C1-symmetric copper complexes were tested as catalysts for the synthesis of binaphthols via the oxidative coupling of electron poor 2-naphthols.  The new C1-symmetric ligands afforded higher yields than their C2-symmetric counterparts.  During the course of the optimization, small molecule additives were found to modulate the reactivity of the copper catalyst.  Pyridine additives, such as 2-picoline, were found to induce low to moderate enantioselectivity in the oxidative coupling reaction, while diethylmalonate was found to improve the reaction yield without affecting the selectivity.  The malonate additive was employed in the catalytic oxidative heterocoupling of electronically dissimilar 2-naphthols.  The electron-rich coupling partner is normally added in a large excess due to its tendency to degrade.  When the malonate additive is used, the coupling partners can be used in equimolar quantities.  The discovery resulted in the development of a general protocol for the additive assisted aerobic oxidative heterocoupling of electronically dissimilar 2-naphthols.

Keyphrases: NHC, Alkylation, Or, BINOL, Binaphthyl, N-Heterocyclic Carbene, NHC, Chiral Relay, C1-symmetric, Alkylation, Copper, Gold, Oxidative Coupling, BINOL, Binaphthyl
What’s Unethical About Interprofessional Collaboration?

In this commentary, the beneficial value of the relational aspects of interprofessional collaboration is emphasized to demonstrate that conflict of interests arising in self-referrals are more complex than presented in classic cases of conflicts of interest. A dialog involving health professionals and ethicists is recommended to better understand the relational aspects that are essential to patient wellness and autonomy, in relation to the various care and organizational contexts across private and public sectors. The goal is to inform policy making on management of conflicts of interests associated with self-referrals.

Keyphrases: referrals, interprofessional collaboration, healthcare team, ethics, care relation, patient-centred care
La contribution des mères à la socialisation de l'agressivité réactive lors de la transition scolaire : un facteur de risque ou un facteur de protection?

This study aims to examine jointly two dimensions of emotion socialization, maternal scaffolding and harsh parenting, in their predictive association with the mean scores and decline of reactive aggression after the preschool years. Guided by recent findings pertaining to the moderating effect of the child’s sex and initial level of physical aggression in the relation between emotion socialization practices and social adjustment, we hypothesized that the contribution of each of these two dimensions could be moderated by the child’s sex and/or initial level of physical aggression during preschool. We also sought to examine the possibility of a triple interaction (sex X physical aggression X maternal scaffolding of emotions; sex X physical aggression X harsh parenting). Our hypotheses were tested using data from the sample of the Longitudinal Study of Children Development in Quebec (Étude longitudinale du développement des enfants du Québec, ÉLDEQ-P; Santé Québec, 1997). Information was collected between 5 and 84 months with mothers and their children by using questionnaires and an experimental task. First, the results from the growth curve analysis showed a triple interaction effect between sex, child’s initial level of physical aggression and the quality of maternal scaffolding of emotions on the mean scores of reactive aggression between 60 and 84 months. Note that the positive impact of a high-quality maternal scaffolding of emotions on reactive aggression was only observed with aggressive boys, while the opposite effect was found with boys in the lower spectrum in terms of aggressive behaviors. Second, our results revealed a harmful effect of coercive parental practices on all the children. In conclusion, this study highlights the contribution of two important dimensions of socialization of emotions by the mothers in their potentially positive or negative role in the development of their child’s ability to regulate his or her own reactive aggression.

Keyphrases: enfant, reactive aggression, physical aggression, maternal scaffolding, mother-child interaction, harsh parenting, emotion socialization, childhood, preschool, clinical psychology
How Gene Patents May Inhibit Scientific Research

In this paper, we point out three possible ways gene patents could impede scientific research. First, gene patent laws might exacerbate the culture of secrecy ubiquitous in science. Second, gene patents may limit researchers’ ability to study poly or multigenic diseases without access to all genetic etiologies. Third, gene patents could result in a “patent thicket”.

Keyphrases: gene patents, scientific research, culture of secrecy, multigenic diseases, patent thicket
Regards des praticiens en design industriel sur les dimensions identitaires de la pratique du design au Québec

The following research examines societal changes that have emerged as the result of the negotiation between global and local influences on the profession of industrial design in Quebec. The study attempts to articulate these changes by analyzing theories and processes of identity and globalization. By reviewing current literature on the socio-cultural, political and economic dimensions of design, we will complete a portrait and highlight the complexities of the current state of industrial design in the province. Through qualitative interviews of nine practicing designers, divided into three generations, we will present an actual overview of the practice of industrial design in Quebec. In doing so, we will investigate the multidimensional aspects of their practice as well as explore their professional community and the value systems that influence their actions. This will provide a critique from the designers perspective of their practice, as well as their view of the future of design in Quebec.

Keyphrases: Identity, Design, Practice, Globalization, Localization, Glocalization
Les revues littéraires en ligne : entre éditorialisation et réseaux d’intelligences

This article presents an overview of digital literary journals. A seemingly easy task given their brief lifetime—the first online journals appeared in the early 1990s—it is, in fact, considerably more complex than one might think for a number of reasons examined here. To begin with, even the definition of « digital literary journal » is not easily agreed upon. On the one hand, we use the word « digital » to refer to various heterogeneous practices that don’t readily group together. On the other hand, what we now call the « digital revolution » has produced major changes in terms of content, production, validation and distribution which greatly impact the meaning of the word « journal » itself. Different phenomena must therefore be considered separately in any attempt to illuminate the disparate practices that overlap and impinge on one another. This article first investigates the challenges facing the digitization of journals, namely the process of transposing paper journals to electronic format. It then surveys the digital journals since their inception to try to understand the different experiences that occurred from one to the other. In conclusion, an attempt is made to understand how the digital as cultural phenomenon—especially amid changes in dissemination and circulation of content and the various forms of so-called « editorializing »—has transformed the very notion of the journal itself and given rise to complex and hybrid practices that may be difficult to situate in the overall cultural vista.

Keyphrases: Revue savante
Quelle transparence pour le commerce équitable ?

According to different opinion polls, French consumers lack information on fair trade products, albeit certification and labels existing on these products. Labelled fair trade products can be considered as credence goods. Moreover, the impacts of fair trade on the welfare of small producers remain controversial among researchers. Fair trade products are thus also prone to shared uncertainty regarding the global impacts on small producers, and fair trade products can also be considered as indeterminate goods. Faced with this important quality uncertainty, this paper questions the necessity to develop more transparency of fair trade towards consumers.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, fair trade labels, information asymmetry, shared uncertainty, transparency, philosophy, ethics, economics
L’indignation citoyenne contre la loi hypothécaire en Espagne : complémentarités entre éthiques de la justice et de la sollicitude

Consumers are legitimate stakeholders but are unevenly active and powerful in the dynamics that can lead companies to a more socially responsible behaviour. This article proposes to test the relevance, across the struggles of consumers, of the well-known opposition in business ethics between ethics of justice and ethics of care. Relying on a semi-participant direct and webnographic observation of a wide citizen movement that arose in Spain, questioning banks and mortgage regulation, after the explosion of the housing bubble in 2008, this article strives to highlight the permanent dual approach to ethics at all levels of the movement, from spokespersons to supporters, in speech and in actions. One approach is more focused on laws and principles, whereas the other is more focused on direct support to people affected by foreclosures. This article demonstrates the continuities between these two registers of justice and care and their functional complementarities in the dynamics of mobilization. A discussion will then follow on the substance of the opposition between the ethics of justice and the ethics of care as well as on the possible representativeness of this case: behind the singularities of the mortgage issue or of Spanish political culture, one cannot but observe the challenging mobilizing process that comprises a human rightist activism combined with a feminist approach to social issues.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, ethics of justice, ethics of care, mortgage credit, social movement, human rightism‟, resistance of the consumer, philosophy, ethics, economics, crédit hypothécaire
L’entreprise légale-mafieuse : efficience ou éthique ?

This paper offers an institutional approach to the problems raised by Mafia infiltration of legitimate businesses. It contributes to an economic theory that reconnects economics, law and ethics. It demonstrates that the efficiency criterion alone is not sufficient to correctly analyze the nature and consequences of Mafia infiltration on economies and societies. On the contrary, the reintroduction of ethics enables a better understanding of the phenomenon to the point that law – driven by ethical and not only efficiency considerations – is a necessary tool for those wanting to fight against the destruction of legal economies by Mafiosi.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, efficiency, ethics, institutionalism, legal-economic nexus, mafia, philosophy, ethics, economics, legal-economic nexus, mafia
La perception de la corruption : une autre perception

Perception of corruption is generally related to the reality of the phenomenon in academic literature. One of the questions that emerges is to what extent this relationship is relevant. This article addresses the notion of perception of corruption from another point of view. The objective is to understand the latter as a position of principle rather than as an impression. We shall therefore examine how different types of corruption are judged by the population. Economic reasoning will be then confronted with ethical considerations.

Keyphrases: philosophy, ethics, economics, corruption, philosophy, ethics, economics, corruption, perception of corruption, types of corruption, ethics
Les manifestations d’agressivité chez les jeunes contrevenants suivis par le Centre jeunesse de Montréal – Institut universitaire

The Montreal Youth Center offers a program for young offenders that have strong criminal capabilities and weak social skills. This program is called the Intensive supervision program. Because of its intensive component, young offenders who have committed violent crimes and who received a sentence according to the Youth Criminal Justice Act are often referred to it. Therefore, workers of this program often have to deal with numerous aggressive behaviors from the clients. Hence, this report focuses on the different aggressive behaviors of young offenders. It takes a closer look at the different factors useful to explain this phenomenon. Through a literature review, the different theories, risk and protection factors, as well as the different manifestations and ways to conceptualize aggressiveness are analyzed. Then, the files of three highly aggressive young offenders are reviewed and analyzed in order to draw links between theoretical concepts and field interventions. Analyses are conducted in the hope of gaining a better understanding of aggressiveness amongst young offenders. A number of conclusions are drawn from these analyses. Firstly, risk factors are extensively portrayed in the youths’ files. In fact, whether it’s during initial evaluation or in the follow up interventions, workers take the risk factors into consideration. As for the protection factors, they are rarely mentioned in the files. Secondly, the analyses show that proactive and reactive aggression behaviors are both observable in different contexts. However, the cognitions related to those aggressive behaviors tend to differ depending on whether the young offenders are displaying proactive or reactive aggressiveness but are barely mentioned in the youth’s files.

Keyphrases: Aggressiveness, Proactive aggression, Reactive aggression, Risk factors, Protection factors, Young offenders, Juvenile delinquency, Cognitive behavioral approach, Montreal Youth Center, Intensive supervision program