NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Récits en mosaïque : analyse intersectionnelle des discours identitaires de femmes qui exercent de la violence

The conceptualization of women’s violence varies according to the theoretical approaches through which it is analyzed. However, this problem is often denied or subordinated to men. Indeed, much of the literature on women’s violence, invisibilise their ability to act or the fact that they can exert deliberate acts of violence. Thus, without denying the fact that women occupy socially and historically minority positions in relation to men, this thesis wishes to address women’s violence in a critical perspective. Specifically, this thesis focuses on the identity discourses of women who exert violence since it destabilizes the social conceptions about what is a “real” woman and / or a “real” mother should be. Gender expectations still require women to embody figures of docility, gentleness, patience, availability, empathy and self-sacrifice. The different forms of violence (verbal, physical and psychological) that they express towards various targets (eg. spouse, children, parents, friends, strangers, animals, themselves), break these expectations of gender and can question the ways in which women perceive and construct themselves as women and mothers as they position themselves, at least partially, at odds with these gender expectations.  Thus, from thirty-four semi-directed interviews with women offenders, we sought to understand how they articulate and negotiate their gender identity, particularly in relation to their violent behaviour. Moreover, inscribing this research in an intersectional feminist perspective, which finds its theoretical and epistemological foundations in African-American feminism, we sought to understand how their gender identity was modulated by other axes of social structuring, such as maternity, ethnicity, class, education, sexuality, health, etc. This analytical lens has made it possible to account for the complexity and the multiplicity of the identities discourses of these women, highlighting in particular the situations of privileges and oppression that they can occupy according to different contexts. Results illustrating the impact of poverty, diagnoses of mental health problems, as well as the internalization of traditional gender and maternity roles have been raised and mark their identity discourse. Finally, in addition to contributing to the development of data on violence perpetrated by women in an intersectional feminist perspective, this thesis raised questions about the fluid and variable nature of gender identity as well as the complex and sometimes tense positions in which these women stand as well as the systemic mechanism and structures that oppress them as women.

Keyphrases: Violence, Women, Violence, Identities, Intersectionality, Gender, Motherhood, Feminism, Interdisciplinarity
Perspectives juridiques quant à l'implantation du programme REDD+ dans les pays en développement: développement durable et participation locale

The problem of tropical forest in developing countries is troubling. Carbon dioxide emissions deriving from deforestation are about 1.6 GtCO2 / year, or 17% of global emissions of "greenhouse gases". Under the United Nations’ Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation has been negotiated to fight this deforestation and degradation of forests. This dissertation is aimed to analyze the implementation modalities of that internationally adopted program at the level of States, especially in the Developing Countries. The analysis will be based on the case of Democratic Republic of Congo. From that angle, my goal in this research is to demonstrate that, a sound implementation of that Program for a sustainable governance requires an approach based, not only on the international regulations for the management of forests and sustainable development because such implementation in Developing Countries’ legislations may yield controversial results, but also by integrating the socio-cultural, ethical and other aspects that take into account the perception and the adhesion or rejection of the program by local communities. Hence, I will use the various forestry projects applied and implemented in the Developing Countries. As a matter of fact, harmonizing legal instruments with the practices of local communities may permit reducing efficiently Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation mechanism, as a reference to electively supporting communities that depend on forest resources. This harmonization tasks may be conducted by involving local communities in the design, interpretation and implementation of forestry policies in general and, especially the Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation.

Keyphrases: Gestion durable, Local, Indigenous peoples communities, Ecosystem approach, Integrated management, Good governance, Carbon sinks, Forest, Rainforest, Forests of the Congo Basin, Community forestry, Greenhouse gas emissions, Biodiversity, Mechanism Clean Development, Sustainable management
Le contrôle de constitutionnalité des lois pénales a posteriori : essai comparé sur la protection des droits des justiciables en France et au Canada

Beyond the differences in the specificity of the ex post constitutionality review laws in France and in Canada, one being an institutional control, the other a jurisdictional one, the priority issue of constitutionality (QPC) established a "legal bridge" between the French and Canadian systems. Moreover, major similarities appear of the way in which the rights of criminal offenders are protected. Indeed, beyond the divergence of conceptions of the two ex post constitutionality reviews of laws, one being a concrete ex post control, the other an abstract one and, apart from the various histories leading to the advent of the constitutional review of the laws a posteriori in the two respective countries, the emergence of a common background appears. In this sense, a comparison of French and Canadian procedural penalties relating to the mechanism of the ex post constitutionality review of laws can be found, as well as a convergence of substantial French and Canadian criminal rights resulting from the effects of the mechanism on the protection of the rights of Franco-Canadian litigants in the criminal trial. These resemblances demonstrate the permeability of the French system and the influence applied by the Canadian system. Finally, comparative law paves the way to suggestions for the improvement of the new problematic of the priority issue of constitutionality in order to strengthen the protection of the French litigants rights in criminal proceedings.

Keyphrases: Issue of constitutionality, Ex post constitutionality review laws, Criminal law, French, Canada, Concrete ex post control, Abstract ex post control, Protection of the rights, Litigants, Criminal proceedings, Convergence, Procedural criminal law, Substantial criminal law, Constitutional revision
La métabolisation des Jeux Olympiques : capacité transformative et héritage des méga-événements dans le paysage urbain

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of metropolitan cities around the world. There is an undeniable economic link between these cities, thus forming a global landscape (Sassen, 2004). The latter includes cities wishing to leave their national context with the ambition of excelling at the international level. Each city has its own vision of the potential action needed to implement this radical change (Secchi, 2006). In order to assert their presence at the international level, these cities are particularly keen to hold important events – including mega-events, and most notably, Summer Olympics (Smith, 2012) – through which they can ensure their metropolitan development in multiple directions. Indeed, the Olympic Games have the capacity to organize, within the host city, a true cycle of life characterized by a pre-event and post-event. The issue then becomes for the metropolis to find ways to instrumentalize this mega-event to give a long-term vision of its cultural, economic, and infrastructural development. Already, it is possible to highlight the weakness in the scope and nature of a vision proposed over the long term. Indeed, what is really at stake for a metropolis, through the development of the Summer Olympic Games, is to design an urban landscape that is transformed with and beyond the legacy of the Olympic Games into its material and immaterial brands (Cashman and Hughes, 1999; Ritchie, 2000; Goad, 2001; Searle, 2002; Preuss, 2007; Hiller, 2006; Bondonio and Mela, 2008). For this reason, the main proposal of this research is to examine the possible identification of a metabolism of the Olympic Games and its material heritage in the post-event phase.  More specifically, this thesis is based on a theoretical framework that reconstructs the concept of the urban landscape’s metabolism. This concept of urban metabolism emerged at the beginning of the 20th century. It leads to a reflection on the urban landscape’s capacity of transformation and its mutation through the choice for the conception of the public and private actors around the same controversy. From a methodological point of view, this research is supported by a qualitative approach based on a flexible research design. A structuralist and interpretative approach was undertaken both for data collection and for the analysis of the selected content. More specifically, this study considers the case studies of Rome (1960), Montreal (1976) and London (2012), both in their pre-event and post-event phases. The objective is to evaluate the organization of the event from its conception to its management, as well as how its heritage and its transformative action were considered. In the end, this research shows that the Olympic Games have an operational value of concertation that interweaves different scales: international, metropolitan, and urban.

Keyphrases: Olympic games, Metabolization, Legacy, London 2012, Urban Landscape
L'encadrement du droit à l'information des actionnaires en contexte d'offres publiques d'achat hostiles

The principal purpose of take-over bids regulation is the protection of the target’s securityholders. Hostile take-over bids are characterised by a tripartite relationship between a bidder, shareholders and the management of the target. In such a context, conflicts of interest are combined with the information asymmetry between parties involved to favor the use of opportunism that places shareholders in a situation of great vulnerability. This thesis aims to highlight the mechanisms by which the Canadian take-over bid law attempts to regulate these transactions in order to ensure that the target shareholders whose securities are sought have access to a comprehensive, complete and reliable information that enable them to make an enlighten (informed) decision. More specially, it examines from an economic analysis of law, the way in which the rules governing their right to information, while seeking to counter opportunistic behavior, tend to ensure that they have equal access to a complete information on one hand and on the other, seek to guarantee the reliability of the information transmitted to the target securityholders in these transactions.

Keyphrases: Fusions/Acquisitions, Hostile tender offer, Takeover bids, Protection of the securityholders, Corporate governance, Right to information, Mergers and acquisitions, Financial markets
Les émotions évoquées par la musique chez les enfants présentant une épilepsie

The main goal of this study is to investigate the impact of childhood epilepsy on the recognition of emotions evoked by music. More specifically, this research explores how children with epilepsy categorize joy, sadness and fear as well as their ability to judge relaxing or exciting (arousal) and pleasant or unpleasant (valence) feature of music. Musical perception was also assessed. To do so, the performances of children with epilepsy on categorization and emotional judgments tasks were compared with a control group of neurotypical children. In addition, an error detection task allowed to verify if pitch and time perception in music were similar between both groups. Results reveal that young individuals with and without epilepsy categorize emotions conveyed by music similarly. However, children with epilepsy judge arousal of sadness less relaxing and joy less exciting than controls. Moreover, children with epilepsy judge the emotional valence of fear abnormally pleasant. These results differ from the data available in adults with epilepsy and suggest that reorganization of neuronal networks associated with musical emotions might have take place in children with epilepsy. Thus, this study provides a better understanding of the development of emotional recognition skills that could be disturbed in the context of childhood epilepsy.

Keyphrases: Emotions conveyed by music, Emotions, Music, Epilepsy, Development, Children, Emotion recognition, Arousal, Valence, Musical perception
L'invention littéraire des médias

Would media exist without Literature? Could we coin the terms “television”, “photography”, “cinema” ou “digital” had these devices not been built, institutionalized — sometimes deconstructed in the collective mind? As the digital world is reinventing itself, the current issue emphasizes the role of literature in the construction of our media. At the same time, the hybridation of our digital contemporaneity encourages us to rethink the capacity of the media to reinvent themselves reciprocally, renewing the order of the speech and the function of Literature. Because of its capacity to testify the heterogeneity of the media universe, Literature offers a fertile ground—where everything is yet to be done—to take on such a research.

Keyphrases: Invention
Plaidoyer pour la normalité

Is it possible to think about digital literature beyond its technical and technological specificity? How can we analyze this literary production using the classical literary tools? In his book "Pour une poétique numérique. Littérature et internet", through a multidisciplinary approach capable of easily ranging from the semiotic theory of the image-text relationship to a reflection on contemporary archiving practices, Gilles Bonnet proposes an exhaustive analysis, at the same time of detail and overall view, of the field of the French contemporary digital literature. True state of the art of the field, essential bibliographic resource and anthology, this text turns out to be not only a touchstone for any research on the subject, but also a powerful declaration of legitimacy of a literary field too often neglected by institution.

Keyphrases: Bonnet, Gilles
La réinvention du passé

The nature of the documents circulating on the web, as well as the way in which these documents (whether digitized or "native-digital") are disseminated, edited or even (re)contextualized, are not neutral : they imply a certain idea of ​​the past which, under the influence of new technologies and of our digital culture, has deeply changed in recent years. In his essay "Qu’est-ce que le patrimoine numérique"? (Le bord de l’eau, 2017), Matteo Treleani studies this new conception of the past, to measure its consequences on our logics of production, transmission and reception of archives. In a semiological perspective, Treleani makes an inventory of main epistemological changes in the way we are dealing with archives, and incites us to rethink our preservation practices as well as our relationship to the past.

Keyphrases: Archive, Treleani, Matteo
Relations entre l’inhibition de réponse et les styles défensifs en contexte émotionnel

Dysfunctional impulsivity commonly occurs in an emotional context (Cyders & Smith, 2008). Response inhibition is a central cognitive mechanism in impulsive behaviors (Congdon et Canli (2008). Recent studies suggest that a low level of emotional intensity is beneficial to response inhibition abilities while a high level of emotional intensity is deleterious (Verbruggen & de Houwer, 2007 Urben et al, 2012;. & Lindstrom Bohlin, 2012; Pessoa et al, 2012; Harle et al, 2013). Defensive styles are known to vary among individuals and influence conscious emotional intensity. This study aims to explore the links between response inhibition abilities and defense styles. Participants (N = 35) have engaged in a behavioral task measuring response inhibition (stop signal task [SST], neutral and emotional conditions) and completed a questionnaire assessing their defense style (defense style questionnaire, three main styles). Contrary to what was expected, results of correlational analyzes show no significant relationship between defense style and response inhibition performance in both neutral and emotional conditions. A trend towards statistical significance was observed between the response inhibition performance in the emotional condition of the SST and the « image distorting (ID) » defense style, suggesting better inhibition abilities in emotional context in participants making more use of this defense style. Results also show an absence of response inhibition performance deterioration in the emotional condition, without regard to the defensive style of the participants. This absence of deterioration suggests that the emotional stimuli used in the SST were not intense enough to interfere with participants inhibitory capacities and consists in a limitation of this study. However, the trend towards a positive relationship between the use of ID style and response inhibition performance in the emotional condition is understood as the consequence of a lower emotional activation threshold among participants with higher use of ID style. More studies are needed to clarify the links between response inhibition and defensive styles. This will better our understanding of impulsivity and stimulate the development of advanced inhibition models integrating personality psychology and neuropsychology.

Keyphrases: Inhibition, Impulsivity, Defense mechanisms, Defense styles, Clinical psychology
Carte des anciens cours d’eau de l’île de Montréal

Map drawn with Chinese ink showing the current relief of the islands of the archipelago of Hochelaga, the watercourses of the island of Montreal in their estimated state in the 17th century with their most frequently used names and their ancient deviations, deduced using historical maps

Keyphrases: altimetry, hydrography, historical map, topography, ridge line, stream, talweg, watercourses, mapping, thalweg, relief, watershed, crest line, cartography
Carte des creux et crêtes de l’île de Montréal sur carte des roches

Map of the island of Montreal showing the current thalwegs closest to the trajectories of former watercourses as they appear on historical maps and the boundaries of the watersheds of each former watercourse on the "Map of geological Report No. 152" (Clark, TH. 1961. Geological Exploration Service.)

Keyphrases: altimetry, hydrography, historical map, topography, ridge line, stream, talweg, watercourses, mapping, thalweg, watershed, crest line, cartography
Carte des creux et crêtes de l’île de Montréal sur carte géologique

Map of the island of Montreal showing the current thalwegs closest to the trajectories of former watercourses as they appear on historical maps and the boundaries of the watersheds of each former watercourse on the "Map of surficial geology of Montreal Island" (Prest, VK; Hode-Keyser, J. Geological survey of Canada, Paper 75-27, 1982; Government of Canada.)

Keyphrases: altimetry, hydrography, historical map, topography, ridge line, stream, talweg, watercourses, mapping, thalweg, watershed, crest line, cartography
Carte des creux et crêtes de l’île de Montréal sur photographie aérienne

Map of the island of Montreal showing the current thalwegs closest to the trajectories of former watercourses as they appear on historical maps and the boundaries of the watersheds of each former watercourse on an aerial photography from Google Earth.

Keyphrases: altimetry, hydrography, historical map, topography, ridge line, stream, talweg, watercourses, mapping, thalweg, watershed, crest line, cartography
L'accord de l'adjectif chez les enfants francophones avec un trouble spécifique du langage

Although the study of noun phrase production can provide us with a wealth of information on concord, this structure is quite rarely studied. We present a production study for nominal concord – that is, gender and number agreement between the different elements in a noun phrase (determiner, noun, adjective) - in eight French-speaking children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and their age-, language- and memory-matched controls. Fours tasks elicit color words and noun-phrases with color or size adjectives. Despite the fact that children with SLI do not present major difficulties in naming colors or size nouns-phrases, children exhibit more difficulties than controls in producing variable adjectives in gender agreeing with the noun phrase. This suggests that these children have concord verification difficulties.

Keyphrases: Specific language impairment, French, Concord, Adjectives, [RVMFAST] Français (Langue)--Acquisition, https://rvm.bibl.ulaval.ca/rvmfast/id/RVMFAST-000167936
Indicateurs chez le conjoint permettant de déceler les victimes d’homicide conjugal parmi des dossiers d’enquêtes de disparitions de femmes

Many women are reported missing each year in Québec. Although the vast majority are located rapidly and in good health, an unlucky few are found dead. A small proportion of the latter are in fact victims of intimate partner homicide. Unfortunately, police investigators often have few clues that a missing woman may have been killed by her companion. This study aims to identify characteristics of a missing woman’s partner that may help in identifying potential victims of intimate partner homicide. Sûreté du Québec investigation files from 1990 to 2016 were used: twelve missing person files associated with intimate partner homicide were compared with nineteen missing person files with various different outcomes. Results showed that certain types of partner behavior were associated with increased probability of intimate partner homicide: submitting multiple explanations for the disappearance, reporting a recent domestic quarrel, justifying one’s behavior with a great deal of details during official statements and displaying disturbances in behavior. Also, a number of specific partner characteristics were associated with a higher likelihood of intimate partner homicide. Conversely, certain indicators reduced the chances of intimate partner homicide: denying any significant changes in the missing person, voicing concern for the missing person’s safety and expressing the wish that she be found alive. Finally, results also showed that some risk factors specific to the victim increase the likelihood of intimate partner homicide, as do certain specific attributes of the disappearance.

Keyphrases: Missing person, Intimate partner homicide, Police investigation, Clinical psychology