NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Interaction Humain - Ordinateur en contexte de comprovisation multimédia

Questions related to the evolution of creative decision-making are discussed, in relation to technology that is becoming more and more involved. An overview of generative techniques, from its origins in music to contemporary digital arts, is then presented. Then, three works produced as part of this research-creation project are analyzed. The different tools and techniques I used in making these works are explained and commented. Verklärter Rohr is the subject of a more in-depth analysis. The comprovisational angle of my work, as well as the development of my audiovisual language as it relates to the concept of synchresis will be discussed. An analysis of Machine In The Shell explain the strategies of spatialization and writing techniques I used. The analysis of Gu(I)t(A)rs expands on the use of various technologies including Leap Motion, physical modeling synthesis and artificial intelligence.

Keyphrases: Comprovisation, Non-anthropocentrisme, Generative Music, Human-software interaction, Comprovisation, Non-anthropocentrism, Posthumanism
L'opinion des dentistes québécois sur la première visite dentaire

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the age at which Quebec dentists recommend the first dental visit. Secondary objectives are as follow: to identify the factors that influence the age at which dentists recommend the first dental visit, to identify dissuasive elements that keep dentists from treating young children, and to evaluate the dentists’ knowledge in regard to infant patient care.  Methods: Members of the Ordre des dentistes du Québec were invited to answer to a confidential online survey containing 32 questions.   Results: 263 Quebec dentists answered the questionnaire, in totality or partially. The average age recommended for the first dental visit is 21.1 months (±11.8). Dentists who recommend an earlier dental visit are: women (p<0.001), pediatric dentists (p=0.001), dentists who graduated since 2000 (p=0.005), respondents who already knew the recommendation for the a  first dental visit at age one (p=0.001), respondents who were familiar with the dental home concept (p=0.01), respondents who knew that dental care is the first reason for general anesthesia among Canadian children (p=0.006) and those who are very interested in following an additional training course in pediatric dentistry (p<0.05). Patient’s behavior and lack of cooperation are the main identified reasons that prevent dentists from treating infants.  Conclusion: On average, the participants recommend the first dental visit at 21.1 months, which is later than one year (the age recommended by the Canadian Dental Association).  In order to make dentists aware of the importance of the first dental visit before one year old, it would be pertinent for the ODQ to carry out promotional campaigns addressed to dentists as well as Quebec’s general population. It would also be pertinent to increase continuing education on this subject and to include clinical internships with children aged under two in the doctoral programs of general dentistry.

Keyphrases: First dental visit, Oral health, Early childhood caries
Le répertoire baroque interprété par les grands flûtistes de 1960 à aujourd’hui : une étude sur l’authenticité et son évolution à travers le temps

In this master’s thesis, we studied how the historically informed performance (HIP) movement has impacted the way flutists have approached Baroque repertoire since 1960. We analyzed recordings from five flute players with Sonic Visualiser. We used this software to generate graphical data to objectively support our observations on tempo, articulation, dynamics, and vibrato. By comparing recordings made on baroque and modern instruments, we found that in the past 20 years, flutists who are performing this repertoire on the modern flute started integrating performance practice from the baroque players in their own performance of early music. To contextualize the performance practices, we synthesized a few baroque sources to verify the extent to which flutists have respected these indications. Through the process of this research, we observed that the HIP movement has changed the definition of an authentic performance of early music and that it has modified the way modern flutists perform Baroque music.

Keyphrases: baroque, Articulation, Vibrato, Tempo, Performance practice, flute, Baroque, performance style, Authenticity, performance studies
Étude exploratoire sur l’environnement de la rave party : repères pour une pratique infirmière de proximité de réduction des méfaits

Raves are festive events that are increasingly popular among young adults. Recreational drug use among young adults that are otherwise known as healthy, has been associated with avoidable morbidity and mortality. Research conducted over the last 20 years suggests the implementation of harm reduction initiatives in raves. However, little is known as to how this particular environment could be conducive to such interventions. The purpose of this research is to describe the physical and social environment of large-scale public raves in order to identify conditions that could be favourable to the introduction of a harm reduction nursing outreach practice in this setting. An interpretive and descriptive qualitative research design (Thorne, 2016) based on Bronfenbrenner’s socioecological framework (1979), Actor-Network Theory concepts and pragmatic constructivist epistemology, was conducted in the greater Montreal area, Canada, in 2016-2017. Gradual entry into the three public raves that qualify as “electronic music festivals” was combined with an iterative process of data collection and analysis. The main finding of this exploratory study is that the physical and social environment of large-scale public raves comprises a dynamic coupling of pleasure and surveillance interactions through which diverse actors each pursue different interests. These interests convey, respectively, different kinds of potential or actual harms to reduce. Thus, a viable harm reduction nursing outreach practice would require careful analysis of the interactions that connect actors with the material or symbolic objects that they use in the physical confines of the rave to ensure its contextualisation in this particular environment. Close attention to the role, identity, social position, and potential assets of each actor could help nurses to situate themselves at the interface of various interests and harms to reduce. A rave located harm reduction nursing outreach practice would then appear as strategic action, at the interface of a nexus of harms to reduce, that attempts to build collaborative arrangements. Taking on the idea that environments are constitutive of nursing practice, this study recognises the need to further develop disciplinary knowledge about the concept of Environment in nursing.

Keyphrases: Raves, Outreach nursing practice, Harm reduction, Rave party, Environment, Pleasure, Actor network theory
Les jardins communautaires et collectifs de Montréal : une exploration de leur place dans la réduction des iniquités de santé et de saine alimentation

Taking part in community/collective gardening has been linked to greater fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. However, little is known regarding their impact on social health inequalities. This study aims to examine 1) the distribution of community/collective gardens in Montreal and 2) the association between residential proximity to a community garden and daily FV consumption among adults. First, the mean number of gardens within a neighbourhood was compared as a function of neighbourhood-level socio-demographic indicators. Second, a multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between FV consumption and the presence of a community/collective garden. FV consumption of individuals was classified as sufficient (≥ 5 times/day) or insufficient (< 5). Presence of a community/collective garden was dichotomized as being present (≤ 500 m from residence) or absent (> 500 m). Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of modifying the cut-point using 300 m and 1000 m. Comparative analyses revealed significantly more gardens in neighbourhoods with higher population densities, higher tenancy rates, and higher proportions of people living under the low-income threshold or without a high-school diploma. There was no trend according to immigrant proportions. Our regression results showed no association between residential proximity and the frequency of FV consumption among adults. The current distribution of community/collective gardens in Montreal favours increased access in more disadvantaged neighbourhoods and shows potential to reduce health inequities. Living close to a garden doesn’t seem to be associated with the FV consumption pattern. Additional studies are needed to assess other important dimensions of access and the impact on health inequities.

Keyphrases: Health, equity, urban agriculture, community garden, collective garden, fruit and vegetables, dietary pattern, healthy eating
Le plaidoyer de la Coalition montréalaise des tables de quartier dans le débat public montréalais de lutte contre la pauvreté et l’exclusion sociale

Montreal is a metropolis where people of all origins, socio-economic background and education live. As public health advocates, our goal is to ensure that each person is afforded equal rights to both social opportunities and the benefits which make for a healthy life. In Montreal, it is possible to observe inequalities in areas such as education, work, housing, and food security, amongst many others. This thesis is a case study of CMTQ’s advocacy methods between january 1st 2011 and june 1st 2016 as well as their approach to fighting poverty and social exclusion (in the public debate). In addition this thesis will specifically explores how CMTQ activists apply their methods of advocacy in order to eliminate poverty and social exclusion. The Montreal Coalition of Neighborhood Round Tables (CMTQ) is a Non-Profit Organization (NPO) that places the population at the center of its campaigns and works to ensure that Montreal is a fair and egalitarian city that prioritizes issues of poverty and social exclusion. The Montreal Initiative of Support for Local Social Development (IM), a program of the Montreal Public Health Department (DSP), the Centraide of Greater Montreal and of the CMTQ, provides financial support to institutions such as local round tables with the purpose of improving the quality and living conditions of Montrealers. The CMTQ works in partnership with neighbourhood councils by working on issues raised by local social development and also by working on ways to eradicate poverty and social exclusion in order to better the quality and living conditions of citizens. This study uses primarily qualitative data derived from the analysis of semi-structured interviews, the examination of official positions held by the organizations, thesis publications and discussions in traditional media (The Press), as well as a quantitative content analysis found on social medias especially Twitter. The results of this research permitted the identification of the CMTQ’s advocates and also shed light on the strategies and tools used by the CMTQ as well as the contents of theses strategies and message and the way activists apply these tools.

Keyphrases: CMTQ, Advocacy, Social development, Montreal Initiative, Neighbourhood roundtables, Social inequality, Poverty and social exclusion
Modélisation des patrons spatiotemporels de l’émergence de la maladie de Lyme au Québec

Lyme disease is a current public health threat in Quebec. Its emergence over the last decade is likely caused by environmental and anthropological factors that favour the survival of Ixodes scapularis and increase the risk of exposure to this Lyme disease vector. The objective of this thesis was to estimate the speed and direction of Lyme disease emergence in Quebec and to identify spatiotemporal risk. A surface trend analysis was conducted to estimate the speed and direction of its emergence based upon the first detected case of Lyme disease in each municipality since 2004. A cluster analysis was also conducted to identify at-risk regions across space and time. These analyses were reproduced for the date of disease onset and date of notification for each case of Lyme disease. It was estimated that Lyme disease is spreading northward in Quebec at a speed varying between 16 and 32 km/year according to the date of notification and the date of disease onset, respectively. A high rate of disease risk was found in seven clusters identified in the south-west of Quebec in the sociosanitary regions of Montérégie and Estrie. The results obtained in this study improve our understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns of Lyme disease in Quebec, that can be used for proactive, targeted interventions by public and clinical health authorities.

Keyphrases: Lyme disease, Quebec, Spatiotemporal patterns, Velocity, Cluster, Emergence
La conception d'un modèle stratégique intégrateur pour les organisations du domaine socio-sanitaire : étude de cas l'École nationale de santé publique, Maroc

This research paper deals with the design of an integrative strategic model, and its application on the National School of Public Health (ENSP). It is an integration of the various existing strategic models, including those proposed by Andrews and Porter to capture the opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of organizations. Such an integrative strategic model did not exist until today, when there was obvious interest in its design. Indeed, companies could refer to more than one model, but this did not allow to concentrate information and thus better support decision-making. In this perspective, the proposed integrative model was applied to analyze the National School of Public Health. The interest in shaping this integrative strategic model was to analyze measure and understand the actual functioning of the organization, its environment, and its competitors in order to propose favorable strategies. Research results were consistently proposed in accordance with the organization's mission, social responsibility and values. Our data collection was based on 4 individual interviews, 14 questionnaires completed with 18 questions and analysis of published documents. The information was presented as a case study to enrich the contributions of authors who informed organizational management and strategic analysis. The purpose of this initiative was to support the school (ENSP) in its efforts to adapt its training program offer to meet the requirements of the Moroccan competitive market. We achieved our objectives by suggesting 5 strategic options: Create a master's degree in public health, create a master's degree in women’s health, develop a program in environmental health, promote technological expertise and increase management autonomy. In conclusion, we have formulated the limits of our conceptual framework. This approach concerned the improvement of our study to ensure that the integrative strategic model is generic and applicable for all organizations in health field.

Keyphrases: Mission, Integrative strategic model, Strategic environment, Competitive market, Health service, Organizational management, Strategic analysis, Social responsibility, Values, National School of Public Health, Morocco
Written consent and reproductive autonomy in the context of prenatal screening

Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) is a new generation of prenatal screening that poses no increased risk of miscarriage, can be performed earlier in the pregnancy, and is more accurate than previously existing technologies. These advantages, however, potentially contribute to eroding reproductive autonomy, already under threat from other screening methods. Between 2013 and 2017, a study titled PEGASUS was conducted, validating the performance and utility of NIPT, as well as studying the economic, ethical, legal and social implications of the technology. One of these activities was a series of surveys conducted throughout Canada in 2015-16. The present thesis is based on the data from the healthcare professionals’ survey (N=184). This thesis addresses the relationship between healthcare professionals’ beliefs regarding a) “informed consent” and b) “written consent” in the context of NIPT. It questions the established narrative in the bioethics literature, that professionals who believe written consent for NIPT is not important also believe consent procedures for NIPT “should become less rigorous” than those used for invasive prenatal testing (1). Data from the survey shows that it is precisely those professionals who care about reproductive autonomy considerations who doubt the importance of written consent for NIPT. This directly contradicts the narrative cited above. Professionals’ stated views on “written consent” thus cannot be used to infer their unstated views on the importance of “informed consent”. It is recommended to investigate particular practice-based considerations such as the ones in this study rather than querying survey respondents on scholarly concepts such as “consent” or “autonomy”.

Keyphrases: autonomy, consent, informed consent, written consent, prenatal screening, NIPT
Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage and hospitalization in childhood

Background: Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage is associated with neurodevelopmental sequelae, but the long-term risk of other outcomes is unknown. The association between neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage and the risk of childhood morbidity was assessed. Methods: A longitudinal cohort of 794,384 infants born between 2006 and 2016 in Quebec, Canada was analyzed. Infants were tracked over time to identify later hospitalizations with follow-up extending up to 12 years after birth. In Cox regression models adjusted for maternal and infant characteristics, the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the association of intraventricular hemorrhage with future hospitalization. Results: A total of 1,322 (0.2%) infants developed grade I to IV intraventricular hemorrhage. The incidence of childhood hospitalization was higher in infants with intraventricular hemorrhage than in infants without hemorrhage (23.8 vs. 5.7 per 100 person-years). Compared with no hemorrhage, infants with intraventricular hemorrhage had 1.56 times the risk of hospitalization (95% CI 1.43-1.70). The risk was 2.81 times higher for grade III/IV hemorrhage (95% CI 2.23-3.53) compared to those born without hemorrhage. Preterm intraventricular hemorrhage was associated with 1.82 times the risk (95% CI 1.66-2.00) compared to term infants born without hemorrhage. Intraventricular hemorrhage at term was associated with 3.19 times the risk of hospitalization (95% CI 2.55-4.00) compared to those born term without hemorrhaging. Primary reasons for hospitalizations included central nervous system, ophthalmologic, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular disorders. Conclusion: Intraventricular hemorrhage, especially of higher grades and in term neonates, is an important determinant of the future risk of child hospitalization.

Keyphrases: Brain hemorrhage, Hospitalization, Long-term effect, Morbidity, Preterm infant
La consommation d'alcool à vie et le risque de cancer épithélial de l'ovaire

Background: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer among Canadian women. Given its poor prognosis and limited methods of early detection, research is necessary to identify factors that may prevent ovarian cancer from occurring in the first place. Alcohol is a risk factor for many cancer sites, but its relationship with ovarian cancer remains unclear. We investigated the relation between lifetime alcohol consumption and ovarian cancer risk.  Methods: In a population-based case-control study in Montreal (2011-2016), 497 cases and 904 controls reported their lifetime consumption of red wine, white wine, beer and spirits and other variables. For total alcohol intake and each specific alcohol type, adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association with ovarian cancer risk were estimated using unconditional logistic regression.  Results: The association between lifetime total alcohol intake and ovarian cancer risk was U-shaped: compared to lifetime never drinkers, the OR (95% CI) was 0.72 (0.52-0.99) for drinking >0 to <1 drink/week, 0.83 (0.61-1.15) for 1-<3 drinks/week and 0.98 (0.72-1.33) for 3+ drinks/week. A Ushaped relationship was suggested with lifetime consumption of beer and spirits but ORs were nearer the null value. Analyses by tumour behaviour suggested that lifetime total alcohol intake was associated with a reduced risk of invasive ovarian cancer but an increased risk of borderline ovarian cancer. A similar pattern was observed for intake of beer, but not spirits, red or white wine.  Conclusion: Alcohol consumption may be non-linearly associated with ovarian cancer and the association may vary by tumour behaviour.

Keyphrases: Ovarian cancer, Epidemiology, Risk, Lifetime alcohol consumption
La septoplastie vidéo-assistée (SVA) avec le spéculum de Rosemont, le futur de l’enseignement de la chirurgie septale : résultats de l’évaluation pédagogique sur le processus d’apprentissage au bloc opératoire

Teaching nasal surgery is challenging since the operative field is within the nose and the surgeon perform the surgery by looking through the nostrils. This means the resident and the attending surgeon cannot see what each other are doing in the nose.  A solution could be the Video-Assisted Speculum of Rosemont where a high definition flexible endoscope is mounted on a modified nasal speculum. While the surgery is performed in the usual fashion by looking in the nose, the surgery is displayed in the operative room. Methodology The aim of this study was to measure the impact of adding a camera to the nasal speculum on the learning process of residents compared to the conventional speculum.  A questionnaire was developed and validated with the help of three experts in education. Then five surgeons and four residents were recruited to perform 32 consecutive septoplasties. Either the Rosemont or the conventional speculum was randomly assigned, and the questionnaire was filled by the participants after each surgery. The scores for the specula were compared with Mann-Whitney U Test. Results For all the 7 elements underlying the learning process of residents in the operative room, the video-assisted Rosemont speculum performed significantly better than the conventional speculum.  Discussion and conclusion The Rosemont speculum contribute to offer a better view of the operative field to bystanders, it also helps with verbal communication and clinical reasoning while giving the opportunity to teach several residents at the same time. In conclusion, the Rosemont speculum has a positive impact on the learning process of nasal surgery.

Keyphrases: Septoplastie, Surgery, Learning tool, Medical education, Speculum, Septoplasty, Video, Endoscope