NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Corps et érotisme dans l'oeuvre de Nelly Kaplan

This master’s thesis concentrates on the human body ; how it is perceived in the context of social, historical and political norms that shape it. The thesis focuses on the approach of Nelly Kaplan who introduces lifestyles where sexual and moral freedom reigns, to the delight of the protagonists featured in her work. This is accomplished through analysis of three significant works by Kaplan : a collection of short stories called Le Réservoir des sens ; the cult-movie La Fiancée du pirate ; and the narrative Un manteau de fou rire.  Kaplan attacks preconceived and historical prejudices about the male and female body through humour and irony, which leads to Kaplan questioning an outdated paradigm that is the binarity of sexual identities. Her creations are marked by the desire for liberation, which is expressed through an (erotic) revolt carried out by her characters. This act leads them to emancipate themselves from the petite bourgeoisie catholic ideal. Kaplan thus engages in the deconstruction of moral and political rules and proposes a new organization of the world based on respect for individual impulses and desires.

Keyphrases: Nelly Kaplan, gender studies, surrealism, french litterature, body, eroticism, urges, sexuality, feminism
Santa Teresa de Jesús y la melancolía : un estudio sobre la enfermedad melancólica en los escritos teresianos

Religious, founder, mystic, doctor of the Catholic Church, Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) was a relevant figure during the Spanish Golden Age. Her writings include autobiographical, doctrinal, epistolary and poetic texts. Being a deep observer of human nature, Teresa wrote with deep simplicity about melancholy which was a disease caused by a humor’s disorder that greatly affected society at that time. This fact drew the attention of physicians, philosophers and religious authors.  This Master’s thesis examines the treatment of melancholy in Teresa’s literature from an interdisciplinary perspective in the framework of the ideas exposed in Vida (1562-65), Las moradas (1577) and Fundaciones (1573-1582), complemented by some cases described in her letters and in the book Procesos de beatificación y canonización de Santa Teresa de Jesús. The first part exposes a general overview of certain features of melancholy according to the ancient and medieval Western thought, as well as its influences, which were reformulated by the Spanish society during 16th and 17th centuries. Afterwards, this study proposes a dialogue between Teresa and some medical writing’s discourse, followed by complementary connections between her statements and some ascetic and mystical works of other catholic authors of this time. The second part provides an analysis of the keywords used by the writer for describing melancholy as well as some natural and preternatural considerations about this illness. Finally, this work presents a systematization of its causes, symptoms and sufferings, types of melancholic persons and healing treatment variations.

Keyphrases: Fondations, melancholy, melancholic disease, Saint Teresa of Avila, humoral theory, Golden Age, The Book of Her Life, Foundations, Mansions / Interior Castle
La fécondité des Indiennes inscrites en fonction du traité historique d’affiliation

This research aims to document the fertility of registered Indians in Canada in relation to their affiliation with historic treaties. The historic treaties are legal agreements, between the government of Canada and certain members of the First Nations, which describe lands surrendered and related compensation. Although the treaties have mainly a legal role, they apply to Indigenous peoples sharing similar characteristics along cultural, linguistic, socioeconomic, territorial and historical lines. We used anonymized data extracted from the Indian Register to produce the total fertility rate (TFR) for the population concerned by each historic treaty for the periods 1994-1998, 1999-2003 and 2004-2008. We wanted to know if the fertility of registered Indians differed by treaty memberships, if we observed changes over time and if notable trends could be identified depending on the regions covered by the treaties. Our analyses show that important differences exist, particularly between the numbered treaties, which cover the Prairies provinces, and the treaties populations of Eastern Canada. Since the data collected by the Indian Register do not contain information on social, cultural and economic characteristics of Indigenous peoples that could explain these differences, it is not possible to develop precise explanations of these variations. However, it is possible to propose an association between the fertility rate and the geographical and historic aspects of the treaties populations.

Keyphrases: Autochtones, Fertility, Aboriginal, Natives, First Nation, Registered Indians, Indian Treaties, Historical treaties, Indian Register, Indian Act, Aboriginal demography, Dynamic demographic analysis, Total fertility rate (TFR), Adjustment of data, Late reporting, Underreporting, Time series data
The associations between callous-unemotional traits and symptoms of conduct problems, hyperactivity and anxiety : a twin study

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, such as lack of empathy, lack of guilt and shallow affect, are associated with conduct problems in youth. Research suggests that CU traits and conduct problems share common genetic factors and, possibly environmental factors. Despite evidence for a behavioural association between CU traits and hyperactivity and between CU traits and low anxiety, the etiological associations between these pairs have been considerably less explored. Objectives. Using a twin model-fitting approach, we investigated the etiological associations between CU traits and 1) conduct problems, 2) hyperactivity and 3) anxiety. Method. Participants were 204 complete pairs and 18 incomplete pairs of same-sex twins (n = 426; 42% female; 43% MZ; age = 15) drawn from the Child and Adolescents Twin Study in Sweden, a longitudinal study of twins born in Sweden. CU traits, conduct problems, hyperactivity and anxiety were assessed through self-reports. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct model-fitting analyses. Results. We found a strong positive genetic correlation between CU traits and conduct problems but no significant environmental correlations. We found a moderate genetic correlation between CU traits and hyperactivity. We also found a modest but significant negative genetic correlation between CU traits and anxiety. Conclusion. These findings suggest that common genetic factors explain CU traits and conduct problems, more particularly, and to a lesser extent CU traits and hyperactivity. In addition, these findings suggest that some of the genetic factors contributing to CU traits may also contribute to decreasing levels of anxiety.

Keyphrases: callous-unemotional traits, conduct problems, hyperactivity, anxiety, twin study
L’attribution de la responsabilité d’un acte sexuel coercitif basée sur la présence de facteurs situationnels et la propension à indiquer qu’il devrait être divulgué à police selon un échantillon étudiant

Rape myths are beliefs and misconceptions regarding rape that can have an influence on one’s attribution of responsibility towards the instigator or victim of a non-consenting sexual act. Some research has shown difference between men and women concerning their beliefs and attitudes towards rape and as well as their attribution of blame and tendency of reporting a rape case to police. Research has also shown that alcohol consumption, drug use, pornography consumption and non-consent are situational factors that influence attribution of responsibility in a rape case. The objective of this study is to examine differences in a group of male and female students from the University of Montréal in their attribution of responsibility and their propensity to report rape cases to police authorities in a given context. Specifically, this research will identify if the students interpret the rape scenarios differently when it involves alcohol or drug use, pornography consumption and non-consent. The results show that in general, the male participants attributed more often a part of the blame to the victim whereas the female participants attributed more blame towards the instigator of the sexual act. The presence of rape myths among the students is the factor that influences the most their attribution of responsibility of a sexual coercive behavior and their propensity or refusal to denunciate the situation to the police.

Keyphrases: Rape myths, Gender differences in attribution of responsability, Blame, Instigator, Victim, Police denunciation, Alcohol, Drugs, Pornography, Non-consent
Détermination du destin des nanoparticules d'argent dans les eaux usées et dans les biosolides en utilisant la microscopie en champ sombre et analyse hyperspectrale

Nanomaterials are a class of emerging and increasingly produced contaminants that are present in increasing concentrations. In complex environmental media, their detection is often complicated by interferences from environmental matrices. The objective of this work was to follow the fate of silver nanoparticles in the wastewaters using enhanced darkfield microscopy (EDM) coupled with hyperspectral imaging (HIS). When coupled with a pixel by pixel analysis, EDM can be used to screen for the presence of nanoparticles, and to locate, identify, and follow their fate in situ. Transformation kinetics of several different silver nanoparticles (40, 80 and 100 nm) with different coatings (citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone) were analysed in complex media (wastewater, biosolids). Results demonstrated that when spiked into complex systems containing natural organic matter, certain nanoparticles were rapidly transformed (over a period of 2 hours), as shown by a shift in the wavelength attributed to their plasmonic resonance (450 to 570 nm) leading to a decrease in signal intensity of 95%. Based upon complementary results obtained by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS), it was possible to attribute the changes not to particle aggregation or dissolution as much as a change in the nature of the particles due to the adsorption of organic matter on their surface. This memoir will show that the properties of the nanoparticles in complex systems are very different from those in simple systems.

Keyphrases: Silver nanoparticles, Environment, Hyperspectral imaging, Darkfield microscopy, Single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
Lutter contre l’intimidation à l’école par le design : l’affordance prosociale des milieux scolaires

Bullying at school is an important problem that has mostly been addressed in the field of psychology. Several prevention programs have stemmed from it but studies demonstrate low efficiency (Smith et al., 2004, Limber, 2011) and suggest that future interventions consider broader issues like school climat.  Design is an ecological process (Findeli, 2015), thereby the idea of questioning school climate seemed particularly interesting. The following research-project uses a holistic approach to the problem of bullying at school by focusing on the affordance of a pro-social school environment. We hypothesize that bullying at school is partly an environmental problem and we seek to understand how the theory of affordances can be a relevant basis for designers looking to address this social issue.  The concepts that we offer suggest new solutions to the problem of bullying at school. They aim to modify antisocial dispositions within school environments by offering new opportunities that encourage pro-social behaviour. These modifications demonstrate that opting for an ecological vision based on possibilities is relevant to the field of design. We also suggest a way to apply this vision, which includes using ethnographic narratives to capture the situation’s dispositions and using scenarios to demonstrate the experience brought by new possibilities.  Finally, in light of this study, we hypothesized that the quality of the experience offered by these new possibilities is of utmost importance to maximize the chances of individuals adopting them. Refining the user’s experience is a designer’s expertise and doing so is a further demonstration of the relevance of involving designers in rethinking our public and social spaces for the common good.

Keyphrases: Design social, Affordance, Social Design, Bullying at school, Affordance, Capability, User experience
La triple occultation des femmes croyantes abrahamiques au Québec : analyse de perspectives contemporaines de solutions féministes

The premise of this thesis is that the concealment of religious women in Quebec is the result of three factors: the secularization of the society, the ideology of the second wave feminism in Quebec, and the patriarchal discourses found in the Abrahamic communities of Quebec. Starting with the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s, Quebec society first laicized its institutions and then quickly secularized socially. At the same time, this secularization process put aside religious discourse from public space and relegated it to the private sphere, where the discourse of religious women was circumscribed. Parallel to this rapid process of secularization, in the last quarter of the 20th century, the rise of second wave feminism took place. Since the beginning of the third millennium, this second wave has started to give way to a third wave, but this latest wave has not yet become dominant in Quebec. It is important to add that for the followers of second wave feminism, religion and feminism are incompatible. Apart from this secularization and the increase in second wave feminism, the third concealment factor still remains the traditional patriarchal dimension of the Abrahamic institutions and communities (Jewish, Christian and Muslim). Their respective millennial edification and hermeneutical processes are deeply anchored in patriarchal systems, making it very difficult to open up to most innovations suggested by their feminist members. For each one of those Abrahamic religions that are the focus of this thesis, a feminist scholar was selected; Norma Baumel Joseph, an Orthodox Jew, Denise Couture, a Roman Catholic Christian, and Samia Amor, a Muslim of Sunni tradition. This work aims to understand the postmodern hermeneutical approach as well as the actions suggested by each one of these women in order to fight against the triple concealment of religious women. By re-reading the sacred texts, these believers, specialists of their respective religious tradition, try to innovate in matters of religious interpretation in order to open up new perspectives that confront traditional patriarchal exegesis. Their approach as religious feminists invite the feminists of Quebec to be more open to a cultural plurality that would include religious plurality, both intra-religiously and multi-religiously. Finally, these religious authors share, for two of v them, the practice of interreligious dialogue as a possible avenue for giving religious women anew a visibility in a secularized society, thus enabling a recognition of the place and particular roles they can play in a Quebec society that is truly inclusive and egalitarian.

Keyphrases: Islam, Judaïsme, Patriarcat, Religious women, Christianity, Concealment of women, Exegesis, Feminism, Hermeneutics, Judaism, Patriarchy
Le pluralisme des systèmes juridiques et les perceptions de la justice : une ethnographie des conflits matrimoniaux chez les Mossi de Koudougou, Burkina Faso

This thesis aims to contribute to the development of empirical knowledge in the scientific fields of legal anthropology and the study of kinship in Burkina Faso. More to the point, it focuses on the understanding of the consequences of legal pluralism in matrimonial dispute cases among the Mossi society in Koudougou, the country’s third most populous city. Marriage is a social indicator and a fundamental institution which allows the reconstruction of the social organization and kinship systems, a process which highlights the transversal effect of customary justice. This situation of legal pluralism induces the creation of processes such as innovation, resistance and legal interbreeding. It engenders a phenomenon of forum shopping, whereby social actors navigate through a multiplicity of tactics, among several legal orders, and is being analyzed through the lens of the perception of justice concept.

Keyphrases: Mossi, Burkina Faso, Legal Pluralism, Marriage, Perception of justice
E-Learning culture : operationalization of a systemic model to support ICT-Integration in pre-service teacher trainers’ practice

In today's knowledge society, ICT has become essential for teachers and learners (BECTA, 2009) not only because of the need for children to acquire and develop skills that will help them grow as collaborative, problem-solving, creative learners (UNESCO, 2011; Dede, 2014), but also because of the potential value of such technologies as tools for learning (Gill and Dalgarno, 2008). However, when  looking at  the  current educational  ICT  uses reported by  research conducted with teachers and students, (Karsenti and Lira, 2010; Villeneuve et al., 2012) and the low impact observed on learning - despite the substantial investment in equipment and material -we can only question the possible reasons for such a situation. One of the causes identified in the literature is teacher training, especially in its content and the training strategies adopted by teacher educators (Angeli, 2009; Enochson, and Rizza, 2009). We developed a training intervention to operationalize the IntersTICES model (Peraya and Viens 2005) and help teacher trainers integrate ICT in their teaching practice. This operationalization involving teachers working in the teacher training program at Université de Montreal, put into perspective the importance of teacher trainers’ e-learning culture, personal support and follow-up interventions for activities including pedagogical use of ICT. The research focused on analyzing the impact of the training intervention on participants’ e-learning culture, as well as on their intention to adopt and use ICT in their courses. Findings suggest that the operationalization of the IntersTICES model via an interactive training intervention, can provide teacher trainers with an opportunity for reflection and awareness about their personal representations regarding every aspect of their e-learning culture. Furthermore, it helped teacher trainers becoming aware of the impact their e-learning culture has on their practice throughout and at any stage of the development and implementation of their chosen activity integrating ICT.

Keyphrases: training intervention, systemic tool, participants’ e-learning culture, ICT integration, ICT pedagogical added value
Évolution de l’expression identitaire à travers les dessins d’élèves immigrants en classe d’accueil

Few studies have examined the phenomenon of identity construction among immigrant students in primary schools. Yet, immigration brings several changes affecting how children construct their identity and choose to express it at school. However, it is not easy to study a phenomenon as complex as identity with children who have not sufficiently developed their vocabulary to convey their perception of who they are, particularly when they do not master the language of schooling yet. In this context, the use of drawing appears as an interesting alternative. Indeed, drawings unveil the inner world of children who project their emotions and their way of seeing the world in the symbols comprising the images they create. This thesis has therefore attempted to explore how Art & Storytelling, an intervention program centered on drawing, promotes immigrant students’ identity expression and supports the development of a flexible and plural identity for these children. In a first phase, free drawings commented (n – 478) and realized by 29 primary school students (2nd and 3rd cycle) were analyzed as well as directed self-portraits (n = 116). In a second phase, interviews were conducted with four of these children and their parent(s), in order to collect the family history, among others, and to develop with the child the stories associated with his drawings. Both teachers were also interviewed to talk about their vision of teaching and their perception of how students interact in their class. These interviews were used to construct four case studies that illustrate the thesis according to which the modulation in the expression of children's identities would enable them to master and adapt to their different environments and would be influenced by the school environment in particular. The case studies also revealed the multiplicity of identity configurations that students used in their drawings in order to reconstruct a flexible and plural identity. Considering that an identity that adapts to several situations foster immigrant students’ psychosocial and school adjustment, it seems that drawing contributed to express and share these multiple identities.

Keyphrases: Trauma, Identity, Children, Drawing, School, Refugee, Case studies
Étude visant à intégrer les perspectives cognitive et psychodynamique sur le lien entre l’instabilité affective et le concept de soi dans une population présentant des traits de la personnalité limite

This research project investigates two diagnostic criteria of the borderline personality disorder: affective instability and self-concept instability, and the relationship between the two. Previously, competing theories to try to understand the nature of this relationship have been postulated. While factorial studies of the manifest symptoms of the borderline personality disorder are not conclusive, those issued from the cognitive research, in particular a study from Stein (1995), seem to contradict the psychodynamic theory of Kernberg (1976). This study aims to explore the link that exists between affective instability and self-concept instability in a population presenting with borderline personality traits, and tries to reconcile the opposition between Stein’s results and Kernberg’s theory.  In order to do this, we tested the hypothesis that the differences between these theories lies only at the surface, and that it would be possible to resolve by taking into account the level of treatment information. More precisely, we proposed that the interdependence (or unity) between the attributes of the self-concept will be positively correlated to the affective instability when the self-concept is measured in a task appealing to conscious attributes. Conversely, the integration between the attributes of the self-concept will be negatively correlated with affective instability when the self-concept is measured by a task appealing to unconscious representations. Initial results obtained in this study did not support these hypotheses. However, we have also described various limitations of the study, such as low statistical power, and discussed how to improve future research in this area.

Keyphrases: Borderline personality disorder, Affective instability, Self-concept instability, Consicous self-concept, Unconscious self-concept