Autoritarismes étatiques et régulation religieuse du politique en République démocratique du Congo : analyse discursive de la parole épiscopale catholique sur les élections (1990-2015)

Articulated mainly around the Congolese Episcopal speech, this research focuses on the joints of religion and politics in a limited perspective to Catholicism in the DRC. Taking as empirical basis Kinshasa, she thematizes the effects of religious dynamics on social fermentations and policy changes in an authoritarian context. This is, in this work, problematized as Partner of state institution and the Catholic religious organization. The choice of this relational approach based on the interaction between religion and politics, allows to place this work in the field of study of Religious Studies. The approach is also based on the advances in political sociology and illuminates the religious regulation policy, rarely studied by the humanities. This research is therefore the intersection between history, sociology, political science, anthropology, discourse analysis and theology. Its central thesis is organized around a central question: how religion she participates in the policy of regulation in the context of authoritarianism characteristic of the DRC? The answer to this question crosses functional approach to religion and the analysis of institutional statements by the Congolese bishops. It outlines the relationship between on the one hand, and socio-political events and contexts other, speech and religious practices. It built the religious scene from the sociopolitical, economic and cultural trajectory of the DRC between 1990-2015, Under the Presidents J.-D. Mobutu L.-D. Kabila and J. Kabila. She studies the normative sense to offer their eminences J.-A. Malula, F. Etsou and L. Monsengwo. The analysis of the rhetoric of the episcopate on elections plausibility checks social and political efficiency of the Congolese Bishops' word. The resource in the pragmatics of communication as implemented in the argumentative discourse analysis R. Amossy and in the political discourse of P. Charaudeau. By putting the focus on linguistic object "truth of the polls", the research raises the normative, legal and ethics, institutionalization problem of the rule of law in the DRC. Elaborations on this last level revolve around the inclusion of ethics in political action. The review of conventional modes of action of Christians (2006 elections and 2011) and unconventional (on Christians in 1992 and 2012) led to enlighten reproduction modes or challenge to the state authoritarianism by the religious organization. It helps promote democracy values and action backed parrhesia. The introduction of the alethic in public life gives you the Congolese Episcopal ethopoïétique speech as a speech. It is on this point that M. Foucault elaborations on parrhesia help thematize the ability of religion to inform and influence the democratization of the DRC. From there, the request made for a new system of institutional action of the religious organization, capable of promoting the courage of truth in authoritarian situation. This innovation allows to hold together the democratic values and the values of the Gospel, by correlating the consistency axiological, moral probity and existential integrity of the protagonists of democratization of the DRC.

Keyphrases: Religion, Manifestations, Elections, Authoritarianism, Regulation, Politics, Discourse analysis, Parrhesia, Truth of the polls, Demonstrations, Elections, Democracy