NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Étude rétrospective sur l’efficacité du peroxyde d’hydrogène dans les pulpotomies de molaires primaires

Purpose: The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological success of 3% hydrogen peroxide in primary molar pulpotomies and compare them to pulpotomies made with a 1:5 dilution of Buckley’s formocresol formula.  Methods: Clinical and radiographic data of 401 pulpotomized primary molars with a minimum follow-up of 24 months, except in cases of failure, were obtained from the records of 216 children.  Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the results of formocresol and hydrogen peroxide pulpotomies clinically (p = 0.435) and radiologically (p = 0.2447). The cumulative probability of clinical survival was greater than or equal to 98% for molars treated with formocresol and 99% for those treated with hydrogen peroxide at all follow-up periods, ranging from 19 to 106 months. Radiologically, the cumulative probability of survival at 24 months was 81% for formocresol and 91% hydrogen peroxide.  Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide has demonstrated clinical and radiological success rates comparable to those of formocresol in primary molar pulpotomies

Keyphrases: pulpotomies, dents, hydrogen peroxyde, formocresol, teeth, molars, primary, success, clinical success, radiological success, pulpotomy
La subrogation légale de l’assureur en vertu du Code civil : historique, développements et aspects procéduraux

In damage insurance, article 2474 C.c.Q. provides the possibility for the insurer to be legally subrogated to the rights of the insured against the person responsible for the loss, up to the amount of indemnity paid. The insurer may never be subrogated against persons who are members of the household of the insured.  Firstly, the present Master’s thesis makes a historical overview of the right of subrogation of the insurer under the Civil Code. Since the codification of 1865, the principles governing the insurer’s subrogation have not remained static. They were subject of many legislative amendments and numerous controversies and case law developments.  Secondly, a global portrait of the current state of law is made in relation to article 2474 C.c.Q., with regard to the components of the subrogation and its procedural aspects.

Keyphrases: 2474 C.c.Q., Legal subrogation, Insurance, Damage insurance, Civil Code of Quebec, Members of the household of the insured, Person responsible, Indemnity, History of the civil law in Quebec
F... pour faux : Hubert Aquin à l'écran

From actor to screenwriter, director to producer, Huber Aquin's work with the media is marked by the same "fake" practices, which made him famous as a novelist. This essay briefly traces his career in the media, insisting on a few milestones that shed light on the logic of imposture at the core of his oeuvre. By establishing a parallel between the last published novel written by Aquin, Neige noire, and the last film completed and directed by Orson Welles, F for Fake, my main objective is to emphasize how the striking figure of the art forger binds the two authors rather than to stress the influence of the American director on the French Canadian writer.

Keyphrases: Aquin, Hubert, Welles, Orson, Radio
Conceptualisation de l’activité pédagogique en contexte d’apprentissage hybride et développement professionnel des enseignant(e)s universitaires

The integration of new technologies in higher education should not be seen as a mere fad, but rather a framework for redesigning the new orientations to be given to the University of the 21st century, in terms of institutional culture, organizational resources and achieving the objectives of research and teaching programs. Indeed, the emergence of a new trend of higher education, that is blended learning, has impacts on the pedagogical practices. Yet, there are no satisfactory models in the literature that describes the link pertaining to the relationship between teaching in the context of blended learning and faculty development. Throughout the whole semester of fall 2014, we collected data, by the means of participant observations and self-confrontation interviews, on the teaching activities of one full-time lecturer, in sociology of work, and one part-time lecturer, in project management, with one undergraduate class of each lecturer in the programs of certificate at HEC Montreal. The data analysis, using the conceptual categorizations, brought about theoretical statements underpinning the dynamics of the relationships between the phenomena of blended learning and faculty development. Scientifically, our research has shed a new light on the processes of professional identity construction in faculty development, regarding the technological, sociocultural and economic changes that the University, in general, and, especially, the teaching and learning practices undergo. Our inductive approach has helped to elucidate the structure of the interactions of the two phenomena, from the point of view of the two lecturers, and to construct models of pedagogical practices rooted in their daily teachings. Therefore, socially, these models translate a grammar of thought and action, anchored in the very values of the lecturers. We took into consideration the paradigm of the actual task, versus that of the prescribed task, in terms of implementation of the pedagogical processes, so that the results of this study be meaningful to the practice. The emerging models, from our redesign of the dialogical thinking processes of the two lecturers, can be used for the training of the faculty integrating online solutions to face-face instructions.

Keyphrases: Activity, Blended learning, Course of action experience, Face-to-face learning, Faculty development, Online learning, Higher education, Identity construction, Reflective practice, Style
Les récepteurs GPR91 et GPR99 et leur implication dans le développement du système nerveux visuel

G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) show a greater role in activating mechanism usually associated to transcription factors or cell adhesion molecules. New evidence shows that some of these receptors have an impact on axon guidance, the mechanism by which neurons’ axons are able to grow from their origin and reach their anatomical target. Guidance is mediated via a structure at the tip of the axon called the growth cone, which can interact with surrounding molecules. Axons from retinal ganglion cells (RCGs) navigating from the retina to the cerebral nuclei associated with vision, are sensitive to some of the GPCR ligands. These GPCRs are the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and the GPR55, a receptor for lysophosphatidylinositol. GPR91 and GPR99, respectively receptors for succinate and α-ketoglutarate, are expressed in RGCs making them prime candidates to have an impact on axon guidance. In this thesis, we will test the role of GPR91 and GPR99 ligands on RCG axon growth and guidance.   To assess the impact of these receptors and their ligands on axon growth and guidance, first we evaluated their effects on growth cone morphology. To achieve this, we measured growth cone size and filopodia numbers, when exposed to 100 µM of succinate or 200µM of α-ketoglutarate. The effects of these ligands on axon growth were evaluated by measuring the total axon outgrowth from retinal explants. The role of GPR91 and GPR99 on growth cone turning, was determined by exposing a growing axon to a gradient of these ligands, originating from a micropipette situated 100 µm and 45° from the growth cone. The expression of these receptors in the retina was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.  Results showed that the addition of 100 µM succinate induced an increase in both growth cone size and filopodia number. It also increased total axon growth. α-ketoglutarate, at a concentration of 200 µM, produced similar results. Noteworthy, both ligands had no effect on growth cone turning.  In brief, these results indicate that GPR91 and GPR99 agonists induce an increase in RGC growth when present during development. They, however, have no effects on RGC growth cone turning. These new data provide a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling RGC development.

Keyphrases: GPR91, GPR99, Visual Nervous system, RCG, GCPR, Development
La protection des données personnelles en droit international privé

New technologies and the rising of the Internet boosted international data trade between public and/or private companies and even between individuals. However, this digital revolution is coming with its consequences: this exchange of data leads to personal data transactions (personal information or pictures for example) without users’ will.  In case of violation of personal data, it is still unclear how to bring a case before the courts?  Which Law is applicable?  Quebec Law, European Union Law and Swiss Legislation show similarities in real life and on the internet. First, we consider the common law, then personal data real life and on the Internet if there are any differences. The conceptual doctrine is also analysed as it reveals new Internet specific issues. The first chapter tackles the international jurisdiction of the courts, potential criteria of ordinary law:  the court where the damage occurs, the court where the conduct occurred or the court where the plaintiff lives; and those that are and are not covered by the doctrine as the accessibility and the targeting for example. Law conflicts and multiple potential criteria of ordinary law are studied in the second chapter.  The State of the damage, the State of the misconduct and the State that benefit to the victim among others. The regulation that ensures the best personal data protection and the law that identifies the file master. From the international private law perspective, the most competent court is the one located in the State where the plaintiff is living when damage occurs. And the best regulation to follow is the he law of the country of domicile or the law of the law that promotes and protects the victim.

Keyphrases: Protection of personal privacy, Quebec law, European law, Swiss legislation, Private international law, Cross-border flaws, Targeting, Legal conflict, Legal authority, Connecting factors
Le processus de contestation d’une inscription au rôle d’évaluation foncière

Funding for Quebec municipalities relies largely on autonomous revenues. Specifically, their power to tax property wealth is the main source of income. Therefore, in order to ensure the financial stability of municipalities, the legislator has strictly regulated the assessment review process with several laws and regulations. This still has not prevented the increase of demands for reviews with each new roll. Starting with an application for an administrative review, which in fact is simply a form, the dispute between the municipality and the taxpayer may continue before the Administrative Tribunal of Quebec and even the Court of Quebec, the Superior Court and the Court of Appeal, where the complexity of the procedure increases. The transition to the judicial from the administrative process sometimes creates friction in the case law, particularly in terms of deference to be accorded to the specialized authority, or with regard to the flexibility of the rules of evidence that apply to the latter. From a positivist study of law, we first analyze the assessment roll making process by exposing the actors and their responsibilities, as well as the fundamental concepts used for determining the actual value of the properties. We then track every stage of the contestation of an entry on the roll by identifying various rules of jurisdiction, evidence and procedure in each instance. With the help of many jurisprudential examples, we attempt to highlight the different interpretations that the courts do of the Act Respecting Municipal Taxation and other related legislation.

Keyphrases: Municipal law, Administrative law, Municipal taxation, Assessment roll, Property assessment, Procedure, Review, Administrative Tribunal of Quebec, Appeal, Court of Quebec
Cartographie des anciens cours d’eau, lignes de creux et des bassins versants de l'île de Montréal

The cartography of the island of Montreal's former watercourses is lacking and must be redone in the most documented and transparent way possible. Two maps are currently used as references: "Carte topographique de l'île de Montréal de 1542 à 1642" [Topographic map of the island of Montreal from 1542 to 1642], drawn around 1930 by architect and researcher Aristide Beaugrand-Champagne, for which sources were not provided, and which contains numerous hydrographic incoherencies; and "Montréal - Ruisseaux et fossés" [Montreal - Streams and ditches], drawn by the Eaux et Assainissement [Water and Sanitation] division of Montreal’s Public Works Department in 1958, which covers part of the island, and for which some of the sources referenced have disappeared from the city’s archives.  A new survey of the island's watercourses has been undertaken by the team of Valérie Mahaut, assistant professor at the school of architecture of the Faculté de l’aménagement, Université de Montréal. After consulting more than one hundred original historical maps, some thirty were selected, geolocalized, and plotted; they form the core of the compilation work conducted in this study. From this data, several new maps were produced and made available online for free to serve as references for various disciplines and users. This surveying work is merely the first step in a broader project which promotes integrated rainwater management in urban areas. The data collected was interpreted so that the maps produced also show the thalwegs and crest lines (ridge lines or watershed boundary lines) of the island of Montreal's former watercourses with the goal of establishing "New Urban Rivers".

Keyphrases: Montréal, thalweg, crest line, ridge line, watershed, watercourses, stream, ruisseaux, hydrography, topography, altimetry, historical map, mapping, cartography
Carte des creux et crêtes et des voiries de l’île de Montréal

Map of the island of Montreal showing the current thalwegs closest to the trajectories of former watercourses as they appear on historical maps, the boundaries of the watersheds of each former watercourse, the current road network, the borough boundaries, contour lines ever 5 m simplified, and the QPCS's reference grid.

Keyphrases: talweg, mapping, cartography, watercourses, stream, ridge line, crest line, watershed, thalweg, historical map, topography, altimetry, hydrography
Une théologie de l’intime chez le baby-boomer québécois francophone issu de la tradition catholique : démarche qualitative descriptive

Even if we know that the Quebec French-speaking baby-boomer of catholic tradition stepped back from the latter, we also observe that he continues to become identified with it in every census. This report proposes an approach and tools allowing to describe the experience of faith of this one. It is about the intimate theology, of which the genesis and its experiment are presented within the framework of a research led with subjects belonging to this population. This approach articulates through three complementary and interdependent dialogues: the quest for essence, the embodiment process and the identity challenge. The experiment demonstrates that the multidisciplinary character of the intimate theology describes in a congruent way some baby-boomers’ experience of faith, the coherence of which it also confirms, in spite of the report of a doctrinal gap with the Catholicism.  The report ends by proposing other perspectives of application of the intimate theology.

Keyphrases: baby-boomer, intimate theology, quest for essence, embodiment process, identity challenge, faith, spirituality
L’objectif de modifier ou de contrôler son poids chez les adolescents : vecteur de promotion des saines habitudes de vie ou facteur de risque à la santé ?

One’s weight management goal is associated with some potentially harmful behaviours among adolescents, but its association with healthy lifestyle are less well known. The aim of this thesis is to quantify associations between one’s weight management goal and fruits and vegetables consumption, fast-food and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, eating breakfast, and physical activity. Logistic regressions were performed on data from the 2010-2011 Enquête québécoise sur la santé des jeunes du secondaire. About 25%, 34%, 12%, and 29% of adolescents were respectively trying to lose weight, to maintain their weight, to gain weight, and not trying to do anything about their weight. Among boys and girls, trying to lose weight was associated with lower likelihood of eating breakfast daily (OR boys = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.61, 0.84, OR girls = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.56, 0.70). Among girls, it was also associated with higher likelihood of eating at least five portions of fruits and vegetables per day (OR = 1.20, 95%CI = 1.04, 1.37) and lower likelihood of drinking sugar-sweetened beverages daily (OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.66, 0.90). Trying to maintain weight or to gain weight were also associated with at least one unhealthy behaviour. Weight management goal is neither strictly positive nor negative. In implementing public health interventions aimed at adolescents, it therefore appears more prudent to directly promote lifestyle behaviours than to promote adoption of a weight management goal.

Keyphrases: adolescence, alimentation, health behaviour, lifestyle, diet, physical activity, weight management goal, obesity, eating disorder
La relation d’accompagnement entre des jeunes pères et des infirmières dans les SIPPE : une analyse sensible au genre

Nursing practice in early childhood interventions with teen mothers aged less than 20 years and their babies involves many challenges for nurses who experience difficulties in establishing relationships with young fathers in these socially vulnerable conditions. Nursing interventions are mainly directed to the mother-child dyad, whilst nurses tend to feel less prepared to assist young fathers in their paternal role. Recent studies have suggested that further research explore how gender shapes nurse-father relationships, particularly in primary care services. This qualitative study describes, from a gender-sensitive perspective, the interplay of identity and role in young father-nurse relationships within an early childhood intervention programme in Québec, Canada (SIPPE – Services intégrés en périnatalité et en petite enfance). A secondary analysis of 34 semi-structured interview data collected from young fathers and nurses within a larger multi-centre evaluative research of a Young Parents Programme (YPP), a component of SIPPE, was conducted. Qualitative and comparative content analyses of both young fathers’ and nurses’ discourse, followed by systemic modelling, highlight how identity conceptions and contextual dynamics intersect in the YPP nurse-father relationship. Their relationship is primarily focussed on the exchange of information about child care. Differential representations of paternal identity (caring and engaged vs. incompetent), perceived reliability and capabilities as fathers, partners and young men, and nurses’ supervisory role also shape the relationship. When young fathers are perceived as responsible and protective of both young mothers and their child, they tend to become nurse allies, over time, although they remain under supervision. Other contributions of this study suggest that nurses ought to go beyond informational support, to include emotional support in their interventions with young fathers who, in turn, must be more fully considered in programs and services dedicated to vulnerable families. Finally, this research highlights the relevance of a gender-sensitive perspective to capture the relational dynamics of nursing care and to develop nursing practice.

Keyphrases: Nursing practice, Early childhood interventions, Young fathers, Gender-sensitive perspective, Systemic modelling, Social vulnerability
Les représentations de l’infirmière chez les étudiantes nouvellement inscrites au baccalauréat en sciences infirmières

Some researchers claim that the main reason why a person would choose to become a nurse is attributable to vocational aspects and not to the desire to exercise a profession that requires knowledge and skills inherent to the complexity of care (Prater & McEwen, 2006; Price, McGillis Hall, Angus & Peter, 2013). One of the main reasons for students attrition in nursing educational programs would be the dissonance between the initial representation they have of a nurse and the profession requirements (CNA, 2004). An exploratory study was conducted among newly enrolled students in a Nursing Bachelor’s degree (N=11), to better understand their representations of nurses and their expectations towards the profession. Moscovici’s Theory of Social Representations (1961) is the framework that supports this study. The qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews suggests that Quebec students have a representation of nurses as people who help patients as much as doctors. New students expect to work hard through their studies as well as in their future job in health care settings. Nonetheless, they are ready to commit to nursing, because of a desire to help others and because they recognize themselves in the qualities they consider necessary for the practice of nursing such as relational skills, which include listening, empathy and patience. Therefore, these results suggest that the historical context in which nursing has evolved in Quebec, in addition to medias that do not seem to refresh the image they project of nursing, could have an influence on these new students representations of nurses. The results of this study could help define future research perspectives to a better understanding of the involvement of representations of nurses for students attrition, while also having implications for nursing practice, nursing policies and nursing training.

Keyphrases: perceptions, students, nursing, social representations, expectations
Intervention éducationnelle visant à favoriser l’adaptation de la fratrie lors de l’hospitalisation de nouveau-nés prématurés à l’unité néonatale

Enlarging a family requires that oldest children adapt to a new role and a new family situation. When an infant is born prematurely, this adaptation becomes complex due to the hospitalization of the newborn in the neonatal intensive care unit [NICU]. This unexpected and stressful situation has not only an impact on parents, but also on siblings. Although it is essential to favor siblings’ adaptation adequately, support to siblings is often overlooked in NICUs. An intervention based on a scientific literature review on siblings’ adaptation and on the Roy Adaptation Model was developed and implemented in a level III NICU of a university healthcare center in Montreal to favor siblings’ adaptation. Three families participated and according to findings, siblings and parents were satisfied with the intervention. However, two parents out of three indicated feeling neutral about whether the intervention met their expectations. Overall, the intervention seems to have the potential to facilitate siblings’ adaptation during the experience of having a preterm infant hospitalized in the NICU.

Keyphrases: Adaptation, Sibling, Adaptation, Neonatal unit, Family-centered approach, Educational intervention