NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Welcome to the Dark Side

Published by the MIT Press in the "Platform Studies" series, this is a book about the Super Nintendo Entertainment System that is not celebratory or self-congratulatory. Most other accounts declare the Super NES the undisputed victor of the “16-bit console wars” of 1989–1995. In this book, Dominic Arsenault reminds us that although the SNES was a strong platform filled with high-quality games, it was also the product of a short-sighted corporate vision focused on maintaining Nintendo’s market share and business model. This led the firm to fall from a dominant position during its golden age (dubbed by Arsenault the “ReNESsance”) with the NES to the margins of the industry with the Nintendo 64 and GameCube consoles. Arsenault argues that Nintendo’s conservative business strategies and resistance to innovation during the SNES years explain its market defeat by Sony’s PlayStation.   Extending the notion of “platform” to include the marketing forces that shape and constrain creative work, Arsenault draws not only on game studies and histories but on game magazines, boxes, manuals, and advertisements to identify the technological discourses and business models that formed Nintendo's "Super Power". He also describes the cultural changes in video games during the 1990s that slowly eroded the love of gamer enthusiasts ("Spoony Bards") for the SNES as the Nintendo generation matured. Finally, he chronicles the many technological changes that occurred through the SNES's lifetime, including full-motion video, CD-ROM storage, and the shift to 3D graphics. Because of the SNES platform’s "Silverware" architecture, Arsenault explains, Nintendo resisted these changes and continued to focus on traditional gameplay genres.

Keyphrases: video games, game studies, business studies, video game history, platform studies, economics of innovation, Nintendo
Conception et développement d’une guitare augmentée à des fins compositionnelles

Ce mémoire présente l’élaboration d’une guitare augmentée et différentes techniques de traitement électroacoustique dans le but d’étendre mon langage compositionnel. Trois œuvres ont été composées et j’ai conçu différents systèmes de traitement et de générations sonores basés sur des dispositifs électroniques et informatiques.  Les systèmes électroniques sont formés de différents capteurs et émetteurs sur l’instrument afin de permettre de nouvelles techniques de jeu. Ces systèmes comportent des capteurs piézoélectriques, de pressions, de mouvements et de capacitance. De plus, un système d’entretien continu sous les cordes a été fabriqué.  Des logiciels ont été spécialement conçus pour l’instrument en plus d’un micrologiciel pour le microcontrôleur intégré à celui-ci. Ce dernier recueille et convertit les données des différents capteurs pour les transmettre à l’ordinateur en plus de contrôler directement le système d’entretien des cordes. Les logiciels sont contrôlés par les données des différents capteurs et sont utilisés pour déclencher des trames fixes et traiter le son de l’instrument par des algorithmes de traitement du son. This paper presents the development of an augmented guitar combined with different electroacoustic techniques in order to expand my compositional language. Three works were composed in addition to the processes involved in their production like the design of different processing and sound generation systems based on electronic and computer devices.  Electronic systems are built with different sensors and transmitters on the instrument in order to allow new and unconventional playing techniques. These are piezoelectric, pressure, movement and capacitance sensors. A hexaphonic magnetic string sustainer system was implemented below the strings.  The computer systems consists of specially designed softwares for the instrument, as well as firmware for its integrated microcontroller. The firmware collects and converts the data from the various sensors and transmits it to the computer in addition to directly controlling the sustainer system. As for the softwares, it was developped to control the various sensors and to initiate the playback of samples. It also integrates the sound processing algorithms.

Keyphrases: Interactif, Capteurs, Composition, Musique, Électroacoustique, Hyper-instrument, Composition, Hyperinstrument, Interactive, Sensors, Music, Electroacoustic
Electrophysiological impact of multiple concussions in asymptomatic athletes: a re-analysis based on
alpha activity during a visual-spatial attention task

Most EEG studies used event-related potentials to assess long-term and cumulative effects of sport-related concussions on brain activity. Time-frequency methods provide another approach that allows the detection of subtle shifts in types and patterns of brain oscillations. We sought to discover whether event-related alpha activity would be significantly affected in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes. We measured the amplitude of alpha activity (8–12 Hz) from the EEG recorded during a visual-spatial attention task to compare event-related alpha perturbations in 13 multi-concussed athletes and 14 age-equivalent, non-concussed teammates. Relative to non-concussed athletes, multi-concussed athletes showed significantly less event-related perturbations time-locked to stimulus presentation. Alpha activity alterations were closely related to the number of concussions sustained. Event-related alpha activity differed in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes when compared to controls. Our study suggests that low-level neurophysiological underpinnings of the deployment of visual-spatial attention are affected in multi-concussed athletes even though their last concussion occurred on average 30 months prior to testing.

Keyphrases: Long-term effects, Concussion, Cumulative effects, EEG, Alpha, Event-related spectral perturbations
Oral pyoderma gangrenosum: diagnosis, treatment and challenges: a systematic review

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a distinctive ulcerative skin disorder of unknown etiology, associated with an underlying systemic disease in up to 70% of cases. The condition is characterized by the appearance of one or more necrotic ulcers with a ragged undermined violaceous border and surrounding erythema. Lesions are often initiated by minor trauma. The condition can affect any anatomical site, however the head and neck are rarely involved. Although the oral cavity is subject to recurrent minor trauma through everyday activities such as mastication and oral hygiene, as well as during dental treatment, oral lesions appear to be extremely rare. In an effort to provide a detailed explanation of the oral manifestations of PG, a systematic search was conducted using medical databases. A total of 20 cases of PG with oral involvement were reported in the English and French literature. The objectives of this article are to present the pertinent diagnostic criteria and to discuss the differential diagnosis and therapeutic modalities.

Keyphrases: Pyoderma gangrenosum, Persistent oral ulcer, Oral, Oropharyngeal, Pyodermie phadégénique, Ulcère buccal
Diagnosis and management of benign fibro-osseous lesions
of the jaws: a current review for the dental clinician

Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the maxillofacial skeleton constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders that includes developmental, reactive (dysplastic) and neoplastic lesions. Although their classification has been reviewed multiple times in the past, the most common benign fibro-osseous lesions are fibrous dysplasia, osseous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma. For the dental clinician, the challenges involve diagnosis and treatment (or lack thereof). A careful correlation of all clinical, radiologic and microscopic features is essential to establish a proper diagnosis and a clear treatment plan. This article aimed to review the clinical, radiologic and histopathologic characteristics of benign fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws, with emphasis on their differential diagnoses. With a deeper understanding of benign fibro-osseous lesions, clinicians will be better prepared to manage these lesions in their practice.

Keyphrases: Benign ﬁbro-osseous lesions, Fibrous dysplasia, Ossifying ﬁbroma, Juvenile ossifying ﬁbroma, Osseous dysplasia, Familial gigantiform cementoma, Dysplasie osseuse fibreuse, Cémentome
Les acteurs bancaires dans la lutte contre le blanchiment d’argent : leur rapport au soupçon et à la gestion du risque

La lutte contre le blanchiment d’argent et le financement du terrorisme (ci-après «LBAFT») est un sujet de l’heure, tout particulièrement dans le milieu bancaire. Les institutions financières sont en effet très sollicitées pour contrer ces formes particulières de la criminalité, qui minent l’intégrité du système financier. Dotée d’une équipe d’experts en LBAFT, une institution financière, présente au Québec, ouvre ses portes afin de faire connaître les pratiques associées à cette nouvelle profession qu’est la lutte contre le blanchiment d’argent et le financement du terrorisme. Grâce aux entretiens réalisés avec des experts de la LBAFT, nous découvrons les enjeux et défis qui composent leur travail quotidien et plus précisément, leur rapport au soupçon et à la gestion du risque.

Keyphrases: Blanchiment d’argent, Financement du terrorisme, Banque, Soupçon, Gestion du risque, Money laundering, Terrorism financing, Bank, Suspicion
La lenteur ethnographique traduite pour les comités d’éthique de la recherche

Cette étude du cas a comme objectif de traduire la lenteur ethnographique pour les membres des comités d’éthique de la recherche (CÉR). Nous montrerons que malgré les récents efforts de reconnaissance de la spécificité des recherches dites qualitatives en éthique de la recherche, une incompréhension demeure entre la rationalisation expérimentale déployée par plusieurs CÉR et la pratique de l’ethnographie une méthode de recherche par immersion lente et durable indissociable de relations humaines de confiance et de respect mutuel. This case study aims to explain ethnographic slowness for members of the Research Ethics Boards (REBs). I will show that despite recent efforts to recognize the specificity of so-called qualitative research in research ethics, a misunderstanding remains between the experimental rationalization deployed by several REBs and the practice of ethnography, a method of research involving slow and sustained immersion that is inseparable from human relations of trust and mutual respect.

Keyphrases: éthique de la recherche, comité d’éthique de la recherche, CÉR, ethnographie, anthropologie, recherches qualitatives, research ethics, research ethics board, REB, ethnography, anthropology, qualitative research
Les opérations Mr Big à travers les jurisprudences canadiennes : une technique policière dynamique et complexe

Les opérations Mr Big, une technique inventée par la Gendarmerie royale du Canada (GRC) dans les années 1990, est maintenant utilisée par divers corps de police à travers le Canada. Cette technique vise, via l’utilisation de multiples scénarios, à créer une organisation criminelle fictive qui incite le suspect à participer à la fois à des activités légales et illégales. Grâce à ces scénarios, les agents doubles établissent une relation de confiance avec le suspect afin d'obtenir une confession pour une infraction antérieure prétendument commise par celui-ci. Cette étude vise à examiner ces opérations policières complexes au moyen d'une analyse documentaire d’un échantillon de trente-quatre (34) jugements rendus par les divers tribunaux canadiens. Cette étude se penche sur les aspects opérationnels de Mr Big en déconstruisant les scénarios mis en place par les policiers. Les résultats de la présente étude démontrent qu'une opération Mr Big est une technique dynamique, où la sélection des scénarios permet à la police de s'adapter rapidement à toute éventualité et à tout type de personne ciblée. Ainsi, chaque opération est unique et taillée sur mesure pour le suspect. Bien qu’il y ait place à l’amélioration de la technique, celle-ci fournit une méthode d’enquête convaincante, en particulier dans l’accumulation d’une confession détaillée et de preuve de l'implication du suspect dans l'infraction, entraînant ainsi des accusations criminelles. "Mr Big", a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) technique invented in the 1990's, is now used by various police forces across Canada. By creating multiple scenarios, this infiltration technique allows police to setup a fictitious criminal organization which incites the suspect to take part in both legal and illegal activities. Undercover officers build a relationship of trust with the suspect in order to obtain a confession for a previously offence allegedly committed by the suspect. This study aims to examine these complex police operations through a literature review of a sample of thirty-four (34) judgements rendered by various Canadian courts. This study focuses on the operational aspects of Mr Big by deconstructing the police scenarios. The results show that a Mr Big operation is a dynamic technique, where scenario selection allows police to quickly adapt to any eventuality and to any type of person targeted. This dynamism makes each Mr Big unique and tailor-made to the suspect. Notwithstanding room for improvement, this technique delivers a convincing investigation method, particularly in gathering of a detailed confessions and evidence of the suspect's involvement in the offence, resulting in criminal charges.

Keyphrases: Police, Opération mr big, Scénario, Opération d'infiltration, Police, Agent double, Mr big operation, Undercover, Sting operation, Scenario
Externalities and the nucleolus

In most economic applications, externalities prevail: the worth of a coalition depends on how the other players are organized. We show that there is a unique natural way of extending the nucleolus from (coalitional) games without externalities to games with externalities. This is in contrast to the Shapley value and the core for which many different extensions have been proposed.

Keyphrases: Externalities, Partition function, Nucleolus, Reduced game
Suivi à long terme des effets d’un entrainement de la mémoire de travail (Cogmed) auprès d’enfants présentant un TDA/H

Le trouble déficitaire de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDA/H) est fréquemment associé à un déficit de la mémoire de travail. De nouvelles interventions ciblant spécifiquement cette fonction ont ainsi été développées, dont le programme Cogmed. Or, les effets à long terme de ce type d’intervention demeurent peu étudiés et peu d’études tiennent compte de la présence de médication ou de troubles associés. Cette étude, en continuité avec Dentz et al. (soumis), vise à évaluer les effets à long terme du programme Cogmed comme adjuvant à la médication auprès de jeunes présentant un TDA/H mixte avec comorbidité(s) sous traitement pharmacologique. Trente-et-un participants âgés de 7 à 13 ans présentant un TDA/H associé à un trouble d’apprentissage, un trouble d’opposition avec provocation ou un syndrome de la Tourette ont pris part à une évaluation six mois post-intervention. Un design en double aveugle et un groupe contrôle actif ont été utilisés. Les résultats montrent que le programme Cogmed ne permet pas d’améliorer davantage la mémoire de travail du groupe expérimental, comparativement au groupe contrôle actif. Aucun effet de transfert différé n’est observé sur le fonctionnement cognitif de même que sur le rendement scolaire et les symptômes liés au TDA/H. La présente étude ne permet pas de démontrer l’efficacité, ni de recommander le programme Cogmed comme approche complémentaire à la médication auprès de la population ciblée. L’article qui découle de cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet d’essai doctoral et sera donc précédé d’un contexte théorique général sur le TDA/H et l’entrainement cognitif et suivi d’une conclusion présentant certaines pistes de réflexion.

Keyphrases: Entraînement cognitif, Mémoire de travail, Programme Cogmed, Maintien des acquis, Trouble déficitaire de l'attention/hyperactivité (TDAH), Neuropsychologie clinique
L’avocat comme méthode de blanchiment d’argent

Ce mémoire traite du blanchiment d’argent. Précisément, il propose une réflexion sur la question suivante : les avocats, cabinets d’avocats et notaires du Québec devraient-ils être assujettis à la Loi sur le recyclage des produits de la criminalité et le financement des activités terroristes? Pour en arriver à une réponse, nous dressons d’abord une définition du recyclage des produits de la criminalité et en analysons l’historique. Puis, nous étudions la pièce maitresse de la stratégie canadienne de prévention du blanchiment d’argent, soit la Loi sur le recyclage des produits de la criminalité et le financement des activités terroristes. Par la suite, nous examinons la question de l’assujettissement des avocats, des cabinets d’avocats et des notaires du Québec en exposant le risque de blanchiment d’argent chez ces professionnels, les multiples tentatives du législateur canadien de légiférer en la matière et une analyse de la décision récente de la Cour suprême du Canada sur ce sujet. Enfin, nous offrons des solutions à l’assujettissement de ces professionnels afin d’éliminer le risque de voir leurs services utilisés à des fins illégitimes. This thesis focuses on money laundering. Specifically, it reflects on the following question: should lawyers, law firms and Quebec notaries be subject to the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act? In order to obtain an answer, it first sets out to seek a definition of money laundering and examines its history. Furthermore, the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act is analyzed in great detail. Finally, the question whether lawyers, law firms and Quebec notaries should be included in the scope of the Act is studied by exposing the risk of money laundering with these professionals and by undertaking an examination of the Canadian legislator’s multiple attempts to include them as well as an analysis of the Supreme Court of Canada’s recent decision on that matter. In conclusion, it proposes solutions to include these legal professionals in order to eliminate the risk that their services will be used for illicit purposes.

Keyphrases: Blanchiment d’argent, Avocats, Recyclage des produits de la criminalité, Secret professionnel, CANAFE, Money laundering, Legal counsel, Lawyers, Laundering the proceeds of crime, FINTRAC, Solicitor-client privilege
Cariology education in Canadian dental schools: where are we? Where do we need to go?

The aim of this study was to document cariology education across Canadian dental schools. Ten faculty members who supervise cariology education at each of the ten Canadian dental schools were invited to participate in the study in 2016. An adapted version of the European Organization for Caries Research-Association for Dental Education in Europe cariology curriculum group questionnaire was used. Representatives of all ten dental schools completed the questionnaire, for a 100% response rate. In four schools, cariology and restorative dentistry were taught by the same department. Five schools had didactic/ laboratory courses focusing primarily on cariology as well as a specific written curriculum. Six schools provided cariologyrelated hands-on workshops/laboratories before students started working with patients. In teaching cariology, seven institutions included dental hard tissues defects. The following caries detection methods were addressed didactically in cariology education: visual (10/10 total schools), tactile (9/10), International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria (6/10), caries activity assessment (9/10), radiographic (10/10), and other detection tools (8/10). Seven schools charted activity of carious lesions in clinic. Only one school used the concept of caries risk assessment regularly in clinic. Clinical cariology teaching was carried out mostly by private dentists hired as clinical instructors (7/10) and faculty members involved in didactic cariology education (9/10). Calibration of faculty members for caries detection criteria was reported by only one school. The main concern reported by all institutions was the difficulty of implementing didactic instruction on cariology into clinical training. This study found that contemporary cariology concepts are in the process of being implemented in didactic education across Canadian dental schools, but all schools lacked appropriate integration of cariology education into clinical training. These findings suggest a need for harmonization of evidence-based cariology education in Canada.

Keyphrases: Dental education, Dental schools, Dental caries, Cariology, Caries management, Curriculum, Canada
La visibilité des pratiques de la fan girl

L’industrie médiatique reconnait désormais l’importance et le rôle des fans. Toutefois, elle n’accorde de la valeur qu’à certains éléments se rapportant à la culture geek, au détriment des activités typiques des fans girls. Cet article propose une analyse du sexisme touchant la communauté geek ainsi qu’un rassemblement de réflexions académiques à propos de l’évolution de la fan culture et de l’importance de l’écriture des fan fictions.

Keyphrases: Fan culture, Geek, Web 2.0, Fan fictions, Fan girl, Culture participative
Age at first febrile seizure correlates with perinatal maternal emotional
symptoms

Objective: Prenatal exposure to stress and fever are factors lowering seizure threshold in animal models. The fever effect on seizure threshold is well documented in human infants, however the associations between maternal perinatal stress and infants’ susceptibility to seizures is unknown. This is the first study in humans to investigate longitudinally, whether in humans, the effect of maternal perinatal emotional symptoms such as stress, anxiety and depression that may trigger a biological stress response on age at first seizure occurrence. Method: The study sample is a subgroup drawn from a longitudinal follow up cohort (3D cohort study: Design, Develop, Discover, N= 2366 mother-infant dyads). Twenty-nine otherwise healthy infants who had a febrile seizure (FS) episode before the last follow-up visit (around 24 months of age) were studied. Mothers completed questionnaires regarding their emotional health at each pregnancy trimester and at three months postpartum. The link between maternal emotional symptoms and infant age at first FS was assessed through correlations and multiple regressions. Results: We found that maternal anxiety symptoms during the second trimester of pregnancy are linked to the age at first FS (r(23) =−0.459, p =0.021) and explain 21.1% of its variance. Postnatal maternal depression symptoms at 3 months postpartum were also associated with the age at first FS (r(23) =−0.587, p= 0.002) and explained an additional 17.6% of variance. Together, the variables explained 38.7% of the variance in age at first FS. Maternal perceived stress symptoms at 3 months postpartum were also linked to the age at first FS (r (23) =−0.418, p=0.038), however, stress did not significantly contribute to the variance of age at first FS.. Significance: Our results suggest a link between increased perinatal maternal emotional symptoms and the age at first FS. An earlier age at first FS may be the manifestation of a lower seizure threshold. Early first seizure occurrence is a risk factor for compromised neurological and cognitive development. Further studies should address the mechanisms by which perinatal maternal emotional symptoms may have an impact on seizure threshold in humans.

Keyphrases: Convulsion, Febrile convulsions, Perinatal, Antenatal, Stress, Epilepsy