NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Who are the acknowledgees? An analysis of gender and academic status

Acknowledgements found in scholarly papers allow for credit attribution of nonauthor contributors. As such, they are associated with a different kind of recognition than authorship. While several studies have shown that social factors affect authorship and citation practices, few analyses have been performed on acknowledgements. Based on 878,250 acknowledgees mentioned in 291,167 papers published between 2015 and 2017, this study analyzes the gender and academic status of individuals named in the acknowledgements of scientific papers. Our results show that gender disparities generally found in authorship can be extended to acknowledgements, and that women are even more underrepresented in acknowledgements section than in authors’ lists. Our findings also show that women acknowledge proportionally more women than men do. Regarding academic status, our results show that acknowledgees who have already published tend to have a higher position in the academic hierarchy compared with all Web of Science (WoS) authors. Taken together, these findings suggest that acknowledgement practices might be associated with academic status and gender.

Keyphrases: Academic status, Acknowledgement, Authorship, Gender, Scientific credit
Misconduct and misbehavior related to authorship disagreements in collaborative science

Scientific authorship serves to identify and acknowledge individuals who “contribute significantly” to published research. However, specific authorship norms and practices often differ within and across disciplines, labs, and cultures. As a consequence, authorship disagreements are commonplace in team research. This study aims to better understand the prevalence of authorship disagreements, those factors that may lead to disagreements, as well as the extent and nature of resulting misbehavior. Methods include an international online survey of researchers who had published from 2011 to 2015 (8364 respondents). Of the 6673 who completed the main questions pertaining to authorship disagreement and misbehavior, nearly half (46.6%) reported disagreements regarding authorship naming; and discipline, rank, and gender had significant effects on disagreement rates. Paradoxically, researchers in multidisciplinary teams that typically reflect a range of norms and values, were less likely to have faced disagreements regarding authorship. Respondents reported having witnessed a wide range of misbehavior including: instances of hostility (24.6%), undermining of a colleague’s work during meetings/talks (16.4%), cutting corners on research (8.3%), sabotaging a colleague’s research (6.4%), or producing fraudulent work to be more competitive (3.3%). These findings suggest that authorship disputes may contribute to an unhealthy competitive dynamic that can undermine researchers’ wellbeing, team cohesion, and scientific integrity.

Keyphrases: Authorship, Disagreement, Norms, Misbehavior, Research integrity, Research misconduct
Implantation d’un modèle de soins d’accès adapté avec un physiothérapeute en pratique avancée pour la clientèle musculosquelettique au GMF-Universitaire des Faubourgs

L’accès en physiothérapie dans le système public québécois actuel est très restreint, avec un temps d’attente moyen de près de 4 mois et demi. Pour améliorer l’accès des patients atteints d’un trouble musculosquelettique, un nouveau modèle de soins comprenant un physiothérapeute en pratique avancée est proposé pour favoriser l’accès adapté en physiothérapie en première ligne. Ce dernier permet à ces patients de rencontrer rapidement, en moins de 48 heures, un physiothérapeute pour les outiller sur leur condition et débuter des exercices dans le but de prévenir la détérioration et promouvoir la récupération de ceux-ci, et ce sans avoir à consulter un médecin préalablement. L’objectif de ce projet d’amélioration continue de la qualité des soins est de démontrer la faisabilité et la pertinence d’implanter un tel modèle de soins d’accès adapté en physiothérapie avec un physiothérapeute en pratique avancée au sans rendez-vous du Groupe de médecine de famille universitaire des Faubourgs afin de diminuer les délais de consultation pour les troubles musculosquelettiques. Toutes les étapes de l’implantation sont décrites à l’aide du cadre conceptuel PEPPA « Participatory, Evidence-Based, Patient-Focused Process for Advanced Practice Nursing », suivies de quelques recommandations pour améliorer le projet. L’implantation s’est avérée être une réussite, se reflétant entre autres par une satisfaction élevée auprès de l’entièreté des patients. De plus, malgré les défis soulevés quant à la clarification du rôle et des responsabilités de toutes les parties prenantes, une très forte collaboration interprofessionnelle avec les médecins, résidents et infirmiers a été rapportée comme l’un des plus grands avantages de ce projet. De plus, un ajustement selon l’offre et la demande des rendez-vous devra être pris en considération pour s’assurer de la pérennité du projet. Le succès de ce projet prouve qu’il est possible de développer et d’implanter, dans un délai restreint, de nouveaux modèles de soins en accès adapté via un physiothérapeute en pratique avancée sans ajout de ressources supplémentaires, et ce, même en période de crise pandémique.

Keyphrases: Accès adapté en physiothérapie, Groupe de médecine de famille, Sans rendez-vous, Collaboration interprofessionnelle, Trouble musculosquelettique, PPA, Interdisciplinarité, Première ligne, Médecin de famille, PEPPA
Game studies and decoloniality : a review of Video games and the global South

Book review : Video Games and the Global South, by Phillip Penix-Tadsen (Ed.).

Keyphrases: Game studies, Decoloniality, Global South, Video games, Postcolonial studies, Cultural studies
Problematic caregiving activities among family carers of older adults with disabilities

Family carers of older adults with disability often both experience stress that may affect their ability to provide care, and find some caregiving activities differentially challenging. The objectives of this research are to identify the caregiving activities that are most problematic to carers and to explore the reasons why carers found these activities challenging. Participants were past or current carers aged 19 years and older. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach, data were collected through a survey and open-ended interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that an activity was likely to be more problematic if it had to be coordinated with other caregiving needs or where a care recipient’s disability was severe.

Keyphrases: Activities of daily living, Ageing, Disability, Family carers
Instruments to evaluate mobility capacity of older adults during hospitalization : a systematic review

Independent mobility is a key factor in predicting morbidity and determining hospital discharge readiness for older patients. The main objective was identify and appraise relevant instruments for the measurement of mobility of hospitalized geriatric patients. A systematic review was performed in two consecutive steps. Based on the definition of mobility of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Step 1 identified mobility measurement instruments used to assess patients 60 years of age and over hospitalized in acute care or intensive geriatric rehabilitation unit. Aim of the instrument, coverage of mobility construct, applicability (format, training required, administration time and use of assistive devices) were extracted. For each included instrument, Step 2 identified and appraised articles reporting about their measurement properties. Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) was used by two independent reviewers to critically appraise and compare the measurement properties. Step 1 resulted in 6350 articles, of which 28 articles reported about 17 different instruments. Step 2 retained 11 instruments with 70 articles reporting about their measurement properties in various settings. Judgement-based instruments (n = 5) covered the ICF mobility construct more broadly than performance-based measures (n = 6). Our results showed that 3 instruments (DEMMI, SPPB and Tinetti scale) had the most extensive and robust measurement properties, and from those, SPPB and DEMMI covered the mobility construct more broadly but SPPB had the longest administration (10–15 min). Conclusion SPPB presents the best balance between mobility coverage, measurement properties and applicability to acute care or intensive geriatric rehabilitation unit.

Keyphrases: Aged, Mobility limitation, Hospitalization, Validity of testes, Reproducibility of tests
Evaluating the acceptance of ambient assisted living technology (AALT) in rehabilitation : a scoping review

Objectives Ambient assisted living technologies (AALTs) are being used to help community-dwelling older adults (OAs) age in place. Although many AALT are available, their acceptance (perceived usefulness, ease of use, intention to use and actual usage) is needed to improve their design and impact. This study aims to 1) identify AALTs that underwent an acceptance evaluation in rehabilitation contexts, 2) identify methodological tools and approaches to measure acceptance in ambient assisted living (AAL) in rehabilitation research, and 3) summarize AALT acceptance results in existing rehabilitation literature with a focus on peer-reviewed scientific articles.  Methods A scoping review was conducted in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and PsycInfo, following the Arksey and O’Malley framework (2009). Four acceptance attributes were extracted: ‘user acceptance’, ‘perceived usefulness’, ‘ease of use’, and ‘intention to use’. Data regarding AALT, participants, acceptance evaluation methods and results were extracted.  Results A total of 21 articles were included among 634 studies retrieved from the literature. We identified 51 AALTs dedicated to various rehabilitation contexts, most of which focused on monitoring OAs’ activities and environmental changes. Acceptance of AALT was evaluated using interviews, questionnaires, focus groups, informal feedback, observation, card sort tasks, and surveys. Although OAs intend to use – or can perceive the usefulness of – AALTs, they are hesitant to accept the technology and have concerns about its adoption.  Discussion and conclusions The assessment of AALT acceptance in contexts of rehabilitation requires more comprehensive and standardized methodologies. The use of mixed-methods research is encouraged to cover the needs of particular studies. The timing of acceptance assessment should be considered throughout technology development phases to maximize AALT implementation.

Keyphrases: Ambient sensors, Home sensing, Rehabilitation, Methods, Questionnaire, Usability, User research, Literature review
Sonic hedgehog accelerates DNA replication to cause replication stress promoting cancer initiation in medulloblastoma

The mechanisms generating cancer-initiating mutations are not well understood. Sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway activation is frequent in medulloblastoma (MB), with PTCH1 mutations being a common initiating event. Here we investigated the role of the developmental mitogen SHH in initiating carcinogenesis in the cells of origin: granule cell progenitors (GCPs). We delineate a molecular mechanism for tumor initiation in MB. Exposure of GCPs to Shh causes a distinct form of DNA replication stress, increasing both origin firing and fork velocity. Shh promotes DNA helicase loading and activation, with increased Cdc7-dependent origin firing. The S-phase duration is reduced and hyper-recombination occurs, causing copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity—a frequent event at the PTCH1/ptch1 locus. Moreover, Cdc7 inhibition to attenuate origin firing reduces recombination and preneoplastic tumor formation in mice. Therefore, tissue-specific replication stress induced by Shh promotes loss of heterozygosity, which in tumor-prone Ptch1+/− GCPs results in loss of this tumor suppressor—an early cancer-initiating event.

Keyphrases: Cancer, Cancer models, CNS cancer, Homologous recombination, Origin firing
Critiques scientifiques de la relation entre l’intelligence émotionnelle (IÉ) et le leadership transformationnel ainsi que du rôle de la formation dans la modification de l’IÉ des gestionnaires

L’intelligence émotionnelle (IÉ) est un thème en pleine croissance dans le secteur de la psychologie du travail et des organisations. Dans la foulée de l’analyse des retombées de l’IÉ sur les différents styles de leadership, il est pertinent d’approfondir l’exploration du lien entre l’IÉ et le leadership transformationnel (LT).  En effet, selon certains auteurs, le LT exige des compétences émotionnelles et interpersonnelles appréciables telles que le pouvoir d’influence positive auprès des employés, la communication, l’empathie, la collaboration ou la gestion des émotions parmi les subordonnés.  Le premier objectif de l’essai doctoral vise donc à mettre à jour les connaissances sur la relation entre l’IÉ et le LT à l’aide d’une revue critique de la littérature. Plus particulièrement, la portée des différents courants théoriques de l’IÉ ainsi que de leurs enjeux méthodologiques sont analysés. L’analyse révèle que l’apport de l’IÉ dans la manifestation du LT est faible à la lumière des limites conceptuelles et méthodologiques des études sur l’IÉ. Le second objectif de l’essai doctoral vise à vérifier, à l’aide d’une revue critique de la littérature, dans quelle mesure la formation des gestionnaires permet de développer solidement les compétences émotionnelles associées à l’IÉ. L’analyse révèle que l’on peut améliorer les scores d’IÉ grâce à la formation, et ce, peu importe l’approche d’IÉ employée. L’essai recommande aux praticiens d’utiliser essentiellement les mesures l’IÉ dans un contexte d’introspection et de développement professionnel des leaders plutôt qu’en sélection.

Keyphrases: Intelligence émotionnelle, Leadership, Leadership transformationnel, Personnalité, Revue critique de la littérature
The associations between child-care services during the preschool years and high school graduation : a 20-year longitudinal population-based study

Objective:  Together with family factors, early care and education (ECE) services were shown to improve school readiness in kindergarten. However, it is not clear whether better school readiness at age 6 years translates into higher rates of high school graduation years later. Our objective was therefore to investigate the long-term associations between the use of ECE and high school graduation while considering the sex of the child and the socioeconomic status of the parents as moderators.  Methods:  Participants were children from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Child Development (QLSCD) born in 1997 to 1998 (N = 2001). Intensity and type of ECE exposure were measured from age 5 months to 5 years. Administrative records were used to determine whether students had obtained a high school diploma by age 20 years. Factors explaining differences in the profiles of ECE users were controlled using propensity score weights.  Results:  Twenty-two percent of students did not have a high school diploma by age 20 years. Compared with children never exposed to center-based care, those exposed early (i.e., before toddlerhood) had better odds of graduating from high school (odds ratio = 1.49) after controlling for confounding factors. Late exposure to center-based care was not related to high school graduation rates.  Conclusion:  Exposure to regulated and center-based ECE on a regular basis from toddlerhood to school entry was associated with higher rates of high school graduation. Regulated center-based ECE at the population level may improve rates of high school graduation.

Keyphrases: Child care, Day care, Early care and education, ECE, High school graduation, Early childhood, Center-based child care, Child development
A repeated cross-sectional analysis assessing mental health conditions of adults as per student status during key periods of the COVID-19 epidemic in France

Previous studies have shown the negative impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on students’ mental health. It is, however, uncertain whether students are really at higher risk of mental health disturbances than non-students and if they are differentially impacted by lockdown periods over time. The objective of our study was to compare the frequency of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts in students and non-students enrolled in the same study in France and during the same key periods of the COVID-19 epidemic. Using a repeated cross-sectional design, we collected data from a sample of 3783 participants in the CONFINS study during three recruitment waves between March 2020 and January 2021. Multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounding factors, showed that students were more likely to have high scores of depressive symptoms and anxiety more frequently than non-students. These differences were particularly strong during the first (depressive symptoms: adjusted odds ratio aOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.22–2.08; anxiety: aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.22–2.18) and second lockdowns (depressive symptoms: aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.04–3.12; anxiety: aOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.24–4.10). These findings suggest that the restrictive measures—lockdown and curfew—have an alarmingly stronger negative impact on students than on non-students and underline the frailty of students’ mental health and the need to pay greater attention to this population in this epidemic-related context.

Keyphrases: Psychology, Risk factors
Who profits from the Canadian nanotechnology reward system? Implications for gender-responsible innovation

Gender equality is one of the primary dimensions of responsible research and innovation. Based on bibliometric and survey data of nanotechnology researchers in Canada, this paper analyzes the reward system of science in terms of gender and gender-related institutional cultures. This study reveals that the scientific culture of nanotechnology was perceived as more masculine by women than by men. The findings show that gender productivity gaps remain a challenge in the field and that these gaps are reinforced by the fact that the most productive researchers are less likely to collaborate with women. The results also show the amount of extra effort that women must devote to their research to retain their top status in academia, and the extent that their recognition when in top positions is fragile compared to men. This study confirms the cumulative advantage of creating a gender-inclusive culture that enables women to improve their scientific productivity and impact: such cultures tend to privilege first-author publications over patenting and thus prioritize a type of output where women have had more success. Finally, this paper concludes with policy recommendations for improving the number of women in research and the institutions where they work.

Keyphrases: Gender, Scientific production, Scientific impact, Nanotechnology
Three public goods and lexicographic preferences : replacement principle

We study the problem of locating multiple public goods for a group of agents with single-peaked preferences over an interval. An alternative specifies for each public good a location. In Miyagawa (1998) each agent consumes only his most preferred public good without rivalry. We extend preferences lexicographically and characterize the class of rules satisfying Pareto-optimality and replacementdomination. We show that for three public goods, this results in a very similar characterization to Miyagawa (2001a): only the two rules which either always chooses the left-most Pareto-optimal alternative or always chooses the rightmost Pareto-optimal alternative satisfy these properties. This is in contrast to Ehlers (2002) who showed that for two goods the corresponding characterization is substantially different to Miyagawa (2001a).

Keyphrases: Single-peaked preferences, Multiple public goods, Lexicographic, Replacement-domination
Le rôle modérateur de la congruence au travail dans le lien entre les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle et l’épuisement professionnel

La présente étude vise à examiner si la congruence Soi-Travail (CT) modifie l’association entre les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle (DÉ) et l’épuisement émotionnel (ÉÉ) dans une cohorte d’intervenants en protection de la jeunesse des CIUSSS – programme Jeunesse. Il s’agit d’une population particulièrement vulnérable à l’épuisement professionnel chez qui les capacités à gérer les émotions, des compétences cruciales sinon critiques au rôle des intervenants, varient d’un individu à l’autre. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes intéressés en premier lieu à la relation entre les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle et l’épuisement émotionnel chez les intervenants. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons examiné la congruence entre le concept de soi et le rôle au travail (congruence Soi-Travail) pour vérifier si cette variable agit comme modérateur dans le lien entre les capacités de régulation émotionnelle et l’épuisement professionnel. Pour répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons utilisé un modèle de modération simple analysant les données collectées depuis 2016 auprès de plus de 400 intervenants œuvrant en protection de la jeunesse. Ainsi, à travers une série d’analyses de régression hiérarchique, notre étude démontre que la perception de congruence Soi-Travail agit comme modérateur dans le lien entre les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle et l’épuisement professionnel, et ce, uniquement chez les femmes. Chez les hommes, nous observons la contribution unique des difficultés de régulation émotionnelle, sans contribution de la congruence Soi-Travail et sans interaction entre ces deux variables. Notre étude ouvre la voie à de nouvelles recherches dans le domaine en mettant en lumière l’importance d’éléments comme le concept de soi, la régulation émotionnelle, les différences de sexes et la congruence Soi-Travail.

Keyphrases: Épuisement émotionnel, Régulation émotionnelle, Congruence, Concept de soi
On the importance of noncrystalline phases in semicrystalline electrospun nanofibers

Tailoring the properties of electrospun fibers requires a detailed understanding and control of their microstructure. We investigate the structure/property relationships in fabrics of randomly aligned fibers of polylactide, a prevalent biopolymer, either as-spun or after annealing and solvent-induced crystallization. In-depth characterization by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry (MT-DSC) reveals that the as-spun fibers comprise crystalline and mesomorphic phases, as well as oriented but mobile amorphous chain segments. These chains are mostly responsible for the low-temperature cold crystallization and for the recovery endotherm around the glass transition, while the mesophase transforms into crystals with nearly zero enthalpy. Such behaviors are attributed to high molecular orientation, which is further evidenced by unveiling a fibrillar superstructure in nanofibers. The thermodynamics and structural evolution under different conditions are described from an energy landscape perspective. Finally, we propose a micromechanism, based on a modified supramolecular model, which helps to elucidate the fibers’ molecular dynamics.

Keyphrases: Electrospinning, Polylactide, Molecular orientation, Microstructure, Mesophase