NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Puntito : deux œuvres audiovisuelles portées par l’expérience de l’individualité

Ce texte présente la démarche créative autour de deux projets s’inspirant du thème de l’individualité. À travers la vidéomusique Puntito_visual et la performance Puntito_machine, ce mémoire décortique les étapes aboutissant à la création d’œuvres de musique visuelle qui explorent la relation son et image dans les pratiques actuelles des musiques numériques tout en intégrant des idées à caractère social dans leur propos. Ainsi, j’exposerai les mécanismes utilisés pour rendre cet amalgame possible et cohérent en plus d’expliciter les implications d’une performance avec une nouvelle interface audionumérique. This text presents the creative process of two projects inspired by the theme of individuality. Through the music video Puntito_visual and the performance Puntito_machine, this thesis will explain the different steps of the creation of these visual music works. They explore the relation between sound and image while including social related ideas into their discourse. I will discuss the mechanisms used to make this union conceptually possible and accurate but also the performance implications of a new audio-digital interface.

Keyphrases: musique visuelle, vidéomusique, performance, interface, individualité, social, performance, interface, social, Visual music, Music video, Individuality
Brain edema : a valid endpoint for measuring hepatic encephalopathy?

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a major complication of liver failure/disease which frequently develops during the progression of end-stage liver disease. This metabolic neuropsychiatric syndrome involves a spectrum of symptoms, including cognition impairment, attention deficits and motor dysfunction which eventually can progress to coma and death. Pathologically, HE is characterized by swelling of the astrocytes which consequently leads to brain edema, a common feature found in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) as well as in cirrhotic patients suffering from HE. The pathogenic factors involved in the onset of astrocyte swelling and brain edema in HE are unresolved. However, the role of astrocyte swelling/brain edema in the development of HE remains ambiguous and therefore measuring brain edema as an endpoint to evaluate HE is questioned. The following review will determine the effect of astrocyte swelling and brain edema on neurological function, discuss the various possible techniques to measure brain edema and lastly to propose a number of neurobehavioral tests to evaluate HE.

Keyphrases: Brain edema, Hepatic encephalopathy, Astrocyte, Magnetic resonance imaging, Neurobehavior
Publications de la Faculté de médecine dentaire, 2015-2019

Cette infographie dresse un portrait des articles scientifiques de la Faculté de médecine dentaire de l'Université de Montréal publiés au cours des 5 dernières années : nombre de publications; principaux sujets de recherche; collaborations internationales; sources de financement; libre accès à la recherche; et impact des publications (citations et mentions dans les médias).

Keyphrases: Médecine dentaire, Articles scientifiques, Mesures d'impact, Libre accès, Dépôt institutionnel
Head‐to‐Head comparison of consensus‐recommended platelet function tests to assess P2Y12
Inhibition : insights for multi‐center trials

The vasodilator‐associated stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation level is a highly specific method to assess P2Y12 receptor inhibition. Traditionally, VASP phosphorylation is analyzed by flow cytometry, which is laborious and restricted to specialized laboratories. Recently, a simple ELISA kit has been commercialized. The primary objective of this study was to compare the performance of VASP assessment by ELISA and flow cytometry in relation to functional platelet aggregation testing by Multiplate® whole‐blood aggregometry. Blood from 24 healthy volunteers was incubated with increasing concentration of a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor (AR‐C 66096). Platelet function testing was carried out simultaneously by Multiplate® aggregometry and by VASP assessment through ELISA and flow cytometry. As expected, increasing concentrations of the P2Y12 receptor inhibitor induced a proportional inhibition of platelet aggregation and P2Y12 receptor activation across the modalities. Platelet reactivity index values of both ELISA‐ and flow cytometry‐ based VASP assessment methods correlated strongly (r = 0.87, p < 0.0001) and showed minimal bias (1.05%). Correlation with Multiplate® was slightly higher for the flow cytometry‐based VASP assay (r = 0.79, p < 0.0001) than for the ELISA‐based assay (r = 0.69, p < 0.0001). Intraclass correlation (ICC) was moderate for all the assays tested (ICC between 0.62 and 0.84). However, categorization into low, optimal, or high platelet reactivity based on these assays was strongly concordant (κ between 0.86 and 0.92). In conclusion, the consensus‐recommended assays with their standardized cut‐offs should not be used interchangeably in multi‐center clinical studies but, rather, they should be standardized throughout sites.

Keyphrases: ELISA, Flow cytometry, Multi‐center studies, Multiplate®, P2Y12 inhibitors, VASP
Notes sur les archives de communautés et les valeurs émergentes : le cas du projet Saint-Roch, une histoire populaire

Ce travail de recherche présente quelques exemples d’exploitation des archives dans le projet « Saint-Roch, une histoire populaire ». Le caractère pédagogique de ce projet ainsi que les différents dispositifs de recontextualisation (promenade de Jane, projection et discussion) y sont brièvement exposés. Ce travail invite à repenser le rôle des archivistes en lien avec une valeur occultée des archives, à savoir la valeur identificatoire. Diverses dimensions de l’archivistique sociale y sont également abordées, comme la figure de l’archiviste ad hoc et les valeurs sociales des archives.

Keyphrases: Archives de communautés, Community archives, Archives communautaires, Évaluation, Appraisal, Exploitation, Archivistique sociale, Ville de Québec, Saint-Roch, Histoire populaire, Valorisation, Valeur sociale, Valeur identificatoire, Identification, Archiviste ad hoc
Shortcomings of an idealized urbanity : ghost urban areas and the asynchronous territorial development of Hanoi

This paper examines the recent emergence, on the periphery of Hanoi, of large real estate projects that began construction during the 2000s but have now remained unfinished or, even when completed, largely uninhabited. These “ghost urban areas,” as the local press calls them, epitomize some of the problems which emerged in Hanoi when a model of urban development that aimed at realizing an imagined urban future, formulated by state planning agencies, encountered the highly speculative reality of Vietnam’s property market. Ghost urban areas reveal how the state’s planning orientations and discourse—conveying ideals of urban “modernity,” “civility,” and particularly “synchrony”—instead generated dysfunctional, incomplete, and disconnected places. Based on a survey of thirty-nine ghost urban areas, a cartographic analysis, interviews with key actors, and a critical study of policy documents, this paper reveals multiple scales and forms of what we call “asynchronous territorial developments.” Around Hanoi, these developments involve vast tracts of agricultural lands forcibly appropriated yet left fallow, planned infrastructure and amenities that stay unbuilt for indefinite periods of time, and housing units transacted multiple times among speculators but have remained largely uninhabited and out of reach for a majority of urban households. Ultimately, we interrogate how these various territorial asynchronies, both generated by and plaguing ghost urban areas, shape their livability and inhabitants’ experience.

Keyphrases: Ghost towns, Land resource, Peri-urbanization, Speculation, Hanoi
Les technologies d’édition numérique sont-elles des documents comme les autres ?

Les technologies d’édition numérique sont à l’origine des documents comme les articles ou les ouvrages, et elles constituent un exemple original d’objet nativement numérique. Dynamiques, modulables, protéiformes, plusieurs exemples récents de technologies tendent à interroger leur statut. Si notre point de départ est la comparaison entre les documents et les technologies d’édition numérique, nous les dissocierons en soulignant la dimension réflexive de ces technologies. Cet article présente trois exemples : Distill, une revue dont les articles sont gérés comme des programmes informatiques ; Quire, une chaîne de publication qui génère des livres multiformes ; Stylo, un éditeur de texte sémantique qui permet l’écriture dans un contexte d’édition scientifique. Notre méthodologie consiste en l’analyse de ces trois systèmes de publication, emblématiques des transformations numériques à l’œuvre, basée sur trois critères (structure, inscription et réflexivité). Ces trois initiatives rassemblent nombre des spécificités propres aux objets nativement numériques qui nous entourent désormais, alors que les technologies d’édition traditionnelles reposent principalement sur une chaîne d’impression. Digital publishing technologies are the mean of production of documents such as articles or books, these technologies are therefore original examples of born-digital object. Dynamic, modular, protean. Several recent examples of these technologies tend to question their status. Our starting point is the comparison between documents and digital publishing technologies. However, we will separate them by emphasizing the reflective dimension of these technologies. This paper presents three examples : Distill, a journal whose articles are managed as computer programs ; Quire, a publishing framework that generates multiform books ; Stylo, a semantic text editor that allows writing in a scholarly publishing context. Our methodology consists in the analysis of these three publication systems, emblematic of the digital transformations at work, based on three criteria (structure, registration and reflection). The main interest of these three initiatives is to bring together many of the specificities of born-digital objects that now surround us, whereas traditional editing technologies rely mainly on print workflow.

Keyphrases: Édition, Publication, Technologies d’édition numérique, Document, Circulation des contenus, Éditorialisation, Plateformes d'édition, Plateformes numériques, Production des contenus, Publication, Document, Publishing, Digital publishing technologies
Grey relational grades and neural networks : empirical evidence on vice funds

This research examines time-series predictability of Vice Funds Indices through the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and also applies three types of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model, namely, Back- propagation Perception Network (BPN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to capture nonlinear tendencies of Vice Funds indices. The study finds that among the three ANN models, BPN has the best predicting power. When the data is separated into 10%, 33% and 50% testing data sets to test the proficiency of the available forecasting information in the time- series of the predictors, the predictive power of the BPN model again dominated the findings 60% of the time. Traders, investors and fund manager can rely on BPN predicting power with large or even small data set. Nevertheless, the result also suggests the predicting power of both RNN and RBFNN model with smaller data sets. Overall, it is suggested that traders and fund managers have stronger chance of achieving more accurate forecasting using the BPN model in Vice Funds indices. Findings of this research have policy implications in the creation of forecasting and investing strategies by examining models that minimize errors in predicting Vice Funds indices. Cette recherche examine la prévisibilité des séries chronologiques des indices Vice Funds par le biais de l'analyse relationnelle grise (GRA), et applique également trois types de modèle de réseaux de neurones artificiels (ANN), à savoir le réseau de perception à propagation arrière (BPN), le réseau de neurones récurrents (RNN) ) et le Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) pour capter les tendances non linéaires des indices Vice Funds. L'étude révèle que parmi les trois modèles ANN, BPN a le meilleur pouvoir de prédiction. Lorsque les données sont séparées en 10%, 33% et 50% de jeux de données pour tester la compétence des informations de prévision disponibles dans la série chronologique des prédicteurs, le pouvoir prédictif du modèle BPN de nouveau domine les résultats 60% du temps. Les traders, les investisseurs et le gestionnaire de fonds peuvent compter sur la puissance de prédiction de BPN avec des ensembles de données volumineux ou même petits. Néanmoins, le résultat suggère également la puissance de prédiction des modèles RNN et RBFNN avec des ensembles de données plus petits. Dans l'ensemble, il est suggéré que les traders et les gestionnaires de fonds ont plus de chances d'obtenir des prévisions plus précises en utilisant le modèle BPN dans les indices Vice Funds. Les résultats de cette recherche ont des implications politiques dans la création de stratégies de prévision et d'investissement en examinant des modèles qui minimisent les erreurs de prédiction des indices Vice Funds.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Ethics, Economics, Vice funds indices, Grey relational analysis, Artificial neural network, Philosophie, Éthique, Économie, Indices des fonds du vice, Analyse relationnelle grise, Réseau de neurones artificiels
The Fed as a moral enterprise - a framework for decision-making

Central bankers are currently rethinking the frameworks of monetary policy in light of the extreme disruptions and unprecedented policies of the Global Financial Crisis. The paper examines whether a rule based approach that incorporates moral considerations beyond economic utilitarianism could provide a more fair, effective and stable monetary system. It demonstrates that criticisms of Fed policies raise moral questions that reflect a widely held normative framework in the monetary arena. The paper abstracts from the criticisms and elaborates a pluralistic framework based in the work of moral philosopher W.D. Ross consisting of the basic duties of non-harm, beneficence, fidelity, justice, and reparation. It outlines a decision system that relies on moral intuition and strict attention to the facts to balance competing considerations and derive the duty to be followed in the particular circumstance. Les banquiers centraux repensent actuellement les cadres de la politique monétaire à la lumière des perturbations extrêmes et des politiques sans précédent de la crise financière mondiale. L’article examine si une approche fondée sur des règles qui intègre des considérations morales au-delà de l'utilitarisme économique pourrait fournir un système monétaire plus juste, efficace et stable. Il démontre que les critiques des politiques de la Fed soulèvent des questions morales qui reflètent un cadre normatif largement répandu dans le domaine monétaire. L'article résume les critiques et élabore un cadre pluraliste basé sur le travail du philosophe moral W.D.Ross, composé des devoirs fondamentaux de non-préjudice, de bienfaisance, de fidélité, de justice et de réparation. Il décrit un système de décision qui repose sur l'intuition morale et une attention stricte aux faits pour équilibrer les considérations alternatives et dériver le devoir à suivre dans les circonstances particulières.

Keyphrases: Philosophy, Ethics, Economics, Monetary policy, Fed, W.D. Ross, Philosophie, Éthique, Économie, Politique monétaire
Vous êtes ici. Prolégomènes pour une littérature géolocalisée

Si l’avènement et la diffusion massive du téléphone intelligent et des autres dispositifs mobiles ont déjà fait l’objet de plusieurs études, notamment dans les domaines des sciences cognitives et de la sociologie, les analyses littéraires à cet égard demeurent rares, surtout dans le monde francophone. Cependant, les écrivains ont de plus en plus recours aux potentialités offertes par ce type de support afin d’explorer de nouvelles possibilités littéraires. En analysant quelquesuns de ces exemples, nous allons nous demander de quelle manière les dispositifs mobiles changent notre rapport à la littérature : comment la mobilité et la portabilité intrinsèques à ces dispositifs, la géolocalisation dont ils sont dotés et les nouvelles interfaces conçues pour eux influencent-elles nos pratiques de lecture et d’écriture ?

Keyphrases: Dispositif mobile, Géolocalisation, Hyperconnexion, Littérature mobile, Littérature numérique, Médias géolocalisés, Circulation des contenus, Littérature spatiale, Littérature géolocalisée, Production des contenus, Géolocalisation, Médias, Littérature
Mercury and selenium distribution in key tissues and early life stages of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens)

Whereas early life stages are usually considered as particularly sensitive to both organic and inorganic contaminants, field studies assessing contaminant bioaccumulation in these stages are scarce. Selenium (Se) is thought to counteract Hg toxic effects when it is found at Se:Hg molar ratios above 1. However, the variation of this ratio in key fish tissues of different early life stages is mostly unknown. The present study therefore aimed to assess Hg and Se content in gravid female tissues (gonads, muscle, liver, gut, and brain) and different life stages (egg masses, newly hatched larvae (NHL), larvae and juvenile) of Yellow Perch (YP) in a large fluvial lake (Lake Saint-Pierre, Québec, Canada). Se:Hg molar ratios were measured for each compartment in order to fill associated knowledge gaps. Total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentration varied between tissue according to the following trend: Muscle > Liver > Gut > Brain > Gonads. During YP early life stages, MeHg values increased according to an ontogenetic pattern (mg/kg dw) (mean ± SEM): Egg masses (0.01 ± 0.002) < NHL (0.015 ± 0.001) < Larvae (0.14 ± 0.01) < Juveniles (0.18 ± 0.01). Se concentrations in different YP tissues showed the following trend (mg/kg dw) (mean ± SEM): Gut (3.6 ± 0.1) > Liver (2.5 ± 0.1) > Gonads (1.92 ± 0.06) > Brain (1.26 ± 0.03) > Muscle (1.23 ± 0.06). In YP early life stages, Se concentrations were highest in NHL (3.0 ± 0.2), and then decreased as follows: Egg masses (2.8 ± 0.1) > Larvae (1.37 ± 0.04) > Juveniles (0.93 ± 0.05). Se:Hg molar ratios varied considerably and were systematically above 1. This is the first study to simultaneously report Hg and Se bioaccumulation through fish life cycle.

Keyphrases: Mercury, Selenium, Yellow perch, Gravid females, Early life stages
Local fungi, willow and municipal compost effectively remediate petroleum-contaminated soil in the Canadian North

Low energy-input alternatives based on locally available products are needed for treating petroleum-hydrocarbon spills in northern regions. We tested the efficacy of three local biological components (municipal compost, white-rot fungus: Pleurotus ostreatus and willow: Salix planifolia) to remediate diesel-contaminated soils in a subarctic climate (Whitehorse, YT, Canada), and compared their efficacy to natural attenuation and chemical fertilizers (industry standard). After the first growing season, biologically amended treatments (BAT) that contained >2 biological components, had decreased 69–73% of the diesel's F2 fraction (C10-C16), which is more than natural attenuation or fertilizer (48 and 51%). By the third growing season, the BAT dropped below the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment's (CCME) Agricultural & Residential/Parkland guideline (<150 mg kg−1) and 86% of willows had survived and developed extensive roots. MiSeq amplicon sequencing of fungal (ITS) and bacterial (16S) rRNA genes showed the BAT's microbial communities were significantly more abundant and diverse. We found 132 bacterial and 35 fungal genera unique to the BAT. Readily-available local biological components such as municipal compost, fungi and willows may provide an effective alternative to applications of imported chemical fertilizers for the bioremediation and revegetation of diesel-contaminated soil in northern environments.

Keyphrases: Northern bioremediation, Soil microbiome, Mycoremediation, Phytoremediation, Petroleum hydrocarbon
In their own image? : a comparison of doctoral students' and faculty members' referencing behavior

This article compares doctoral students' and faculty members' referencing behavior through the analysis of a large corpus of scientific articles. It shows that doctoral students tend to cite more documents per article than faculty members, and that the literature they cite is, on average, more recent. It also demonstrates that doctoral students cite a larger proportion of conference proceedings and journal articles than faculty members and faculty members are more likely to self‐cite and cite theses than doctoral students. Analysis of the impact of cited journals indicates that in health research, faculty members tend to cite journals with slightly lower impact factors whereas in social sciences and humanities, faculty members cite journals with higher impact factors. Finally, it provides evidence that, in every discipline, faculty members tend to cite a higher proportion of clinical/applied research journals than doctoral students. This study contributes to the understanding of referencing patterns and age stratification in academia. Implications for understanding the information‐seeking behavior of academics are discussed.

Keyphrases: Bibliometrics
The many faces of mobility : using bibliometric data to measure the movement of scientists

This paper presents a methodological framework for developing scientific mobility indicators based on bibliometric data. We identify nearly 16 million individual authors from publications covered in the Web of Science for the 2008–2015 period. Based on the information provided across individuals’ publication records, we propose a general classification for analyzing scientific mobility using institutional affiliation changes. We distinguish between migrants--authors who have ruptures with their country of origin--and travelers--authors who gain additional affiliations while maintaining affiliation with their country of origin. We find that 3.7% of researchers who have published at least one paper over the period are mobile. Travelers represent 72.7% of all mobile scholars, but migrants have higher scientific impact. We apply this classification at the country level, expanding the classification to incorporate the directionality of scientists’ mobility (i.e., incoming and outgoing). We provide a brief analysis to highlight the utility of the proposed taxonomy to study scholarly mobility and discuss the implications for science policy.

Keyphrases: Scientific mobility, International mobility, Bibliometrics, Brain drain, Brain circulation, Science policy