NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Les danses au Pow-wow de Kanesatake : source de guérison

Le Pow-wow de Kanasatake a vu le jour en 1991, après l’évènement marquant de la Crise d’Oka. À la suite de ce conflit, l’objectif initial consistait en une tentative de réconciliation et le maintien d’une bonne entente entre les membres de la communauté autochtone et les non-membres, appelés « allochtones », résidant sur le terrain voisin de leur territoire dans la municipalité d’Oka. L’objectif de la recherche est de savoir en quoi un événement de pow-wow comme celui de Kanesatake et les performances de danse qui y sont présentées peuvent mener à la guérison chez les artistes autochtones qui y participent. Pour y parvenir, je me suis entretenu avec des artistes pratiquant la danse traditionnelle, également participants au Pow-wow de 2018 et 2019, afin de connaître leur cheminement personnel et leurs perceptions en lien avec leur propre spiritualité, ainsi que les facteurs extérieurs et historiques ayant pu influencer leurs pratiques artistiques. Au fil des entrevues, la notion de guérison psychique, physique et collective est ressortie dans plusieurs réponses données par les participants. Nous verrons aussi plus en détail les liens unissant les tenues traditionnelles, les danses et les rythmes musicaux. Nous ferons aussi référence à l’événement de la « Rencontre internationale d’art performance autochtone » (RIAPA) s’inscrivant davantage dans une contemporanéité pour dénoter une certaine continuité entre ces deux événements. Kanasatake's Pow-wow was born in 1991, following the landmark event of the "Oka Crisis". As a result of this conflict, the initial objective was an attempt at reconciliation and the maintenance of good understanding between members of the Aboriginal community and the non-members, also known as "allochtones" residing on land adjacent to their territory in the municipality of Oka. The purpose of this master thesis is to understand how a pow-wow event like Kanesatake's and the dance performances presented there can be a healing factor for Aboriginal artists. To achieve this, we spoke with traditional dancers, participants in the 2018 and 2019 Pow-wow, to learn about their personal journeys and perceptions of their own spirituality, as well as the external and historical factors that may have influenced their artistic practices. Over the course of the interviews, the notion of psychic, physical and collective healing was reiterated in several responses given by participants. We will also see in more detail the links surrounding traditional outfits, dances and musical rhythms. We will also refer to the “International Meeting of Aboriginal Performance Art” event (RIAPA), which is more in a contemporaneity to indicate a certain continuity between these two events.

Keyphrases: pow-wow, danse, guérison, performances, spiritualité, panindianisme, autochtone, pow-wow, performances, powwow, dance, healing, spirituality, Pan-indianism, Native
Les nuages sombres comme métaphore de la peste dans l'art vénitien de la Renaissance

The plague raged in Venice from 1348 to 1797, striking in successive deadly waves. Countless votive images produced as "spiritual remedies" brought solace to the faithful terrified of the ongoing scourge. However, in the retables directly related to the plague, we observe the frequent presence of dark clouds. This pattern, which has gone largely unnoticed, is studied here for the first time in detail and associated with contemporary medical theories regarding the aerial spread of the disease. The dark cloud is first examined as an iconographic motif and placed in the context of Venice's health and sanitary situation in the 15th and 16th centuries, as well as the ancient literature on the plague that influenced the humanist thought of the Venetian Renaissance. Furthermore, we examine the theoretical function of the dark cloud, as a "figure" (E. Auerbach and L. Marin), as a "pictorial graph" (H. Damisch) and as a "detail" (D. Arasse). The use of these different theoretical models allows us to reconsider the presence and possible meanings of the dark cloud as a metaphor for the plague. The thesis concludes with a typology test of the plague cloud. La peste sévit à Venise de 1348 à 1797, frappant par vagues mortelles successives. D'innombrables images votives produites comme « remèdes spirituels » participaient au réconfort des fidèles terrifiés par le fléau. Or, dans les retables directement liés à la peste, on observe la présence fréquente de nuages sombres. Ce motif passé à peu près inaperçu est étudié ici pour la première fois en détail et associé aux théories médicales contemporaines concernant la propagation aérienne de la maladie. Le nuage sombre est d'abord examiné comme motif iconographique et replacé dans le contexte de la situation sanitaire de Venise au XVe et au XVIe siècle et de la littérature antique sur la peste ayant influencé la pensée humaniste de la Renaissance vénitienne. Dans un deuxième temps, nous examinons la fonction théorique du nuage sombre, comme « figure » (E. Auerbach et L. Marin), comme « graphe pictural » (H. Damisch) et comme « détail » (D. Arasse). L'usage de ces différents modèles théoriques permet de reconsidérer la présence et les significations possibles du nuage sombre comme métaphore de la peste. Le mémoire se conclut par un essai de typologie du nuage de peste.

Keyphrases: Renaissance, Venice, Renaissance, Plague, dark clouds, images of plague, Venise, Renaissance, peste, nuages sombres, images de peste, Renaissance
Learning discrete word embeddings to achieve better interpretability and processing efficiency

L’omniprésente utilisation des plongements de mot dans le traitement des langues naturellesest la preuve de leur utilité et de leur capacité d’adaptation a une multitude de tâches. Ce-pendant, leur nature continue est une importante limite en terme de calculs, de stockage enmémoire et d’interprétation. Dans ce travail de recherche, nous proposons une méthode pourapprendre directement des plongements de mot discrets. Notre modèle est une adaptationd’une nouvelle méthode de recherche pour base de données avec des techniques dernier crien traitement des langues naturelles comme les Transformers et les LSTM. En plus d’obtenirdes plongements nécessitant une fraction des ressources informatiques nécéssaire à leur sto-ckage et leur traitement, nos expérimentations suggèrent fortement que nos représentationsapprennent des unités de bases pour le sens dans l’espace latent qui sont analogues à desmorphèmes. Nous appelons ces unités dessememes, qui, de l’anglaissemantic morphemes,veut dire morphèmes sémantiques. Nous montrons que notre modèle a un grand potentielde généralisation et qu’il produit des représentations latentes montrant de fortes relationssémantiques et conceptuelles entre les mots apparentés. The ubiquitous use of word embeddings in Natural Language Processing is proof of theirusefulness and adaptivity to a multitude of tasks. However, their continuous nature is pro-hibitive in terms of computation, storage and interpretation. In this work, we propose amethod of learning discrete word embeddings directly. The model is an adaptation of anovel database searching method using state of the art natural language processing tech-niques like Transformers and LSTM. On top of obtaining embeddings requiring a fractionof the resources to store and process, our experiments strongly suggest that our representa-tions learn basic units of meaning in latent space akin to lexical morphemes. We call theseunitssememes, i.e., semantic morphemes. We demonstrate that our model has a greatgeneralization potential and outputs representation showing strong semantic and conceptualrelations between related words.

Keyphrases: plongements, discret, binaire, Transformer, LSTM, sémantique, morphème, généralisation, interprétabilité, semantic, morpheme, discret, Transformer, LSTM, Search Data Structure Learning, Multi-Bernouilli Regression Search, embeddings, discrete, binary, semantic, morpheme, generalization, interpretability
Perspectives féministes de l’éthique du care en philosophie de l’asile

Ce mémoire propose une analyse des enjeux éthiques et politiques à l’œuvre dans les crises des réfugié.es à l’aune de l’éthique féministe du care. Il présente une critique épistémologique des approches prédominantes en philosophie politique libérale : en raison d’un manque de considérations empiriques, ces approches créent des angles morts et invisibilisent certain.es enjeux vécus par les réfugié.es. De plus, la philosophie politique libérale n’offre pas les outils normatifs adéquats pour établir une responsabilité envers les réfugié.es. Face à ce double constat, je propose que l’éthique du care peut contribuer à remédier à ces problèmes. D’une part, grâce à la notion de responsabilité relationnelle, on peut montrer en quoi les citoyen.nes et États du Nord global ont la responsabilité de venir en aide aux populations déplacées. D’autre part, l’analyse contextuelle des enjeux quotidiens et incarnés préconisée par cette théorie éthique permettra d’éviter de reproduire certains angles morts dans nos enquêtes philosophiques. Cela permettra ultimement de mieux identifier et comprendre les injustices reproduites par les crises des réfugié.es et les meilleures façons d’y remédier. This thesis offers an analysis of the ethical and political issues at play in contemporary refugee crises in the light of the feminist ethics of care. It presents a methodological critique of the predominant approaches in liberal political philosophy: due to a lack of empirical considerations, it tends to hide concrete issues experienced by refugees. Moreover, liberal political philosophy does not offer adequate normative tools to establish responsibility for refugees. In light of this, I argue that the ethics of care can help to overcome these problems. On the one hand, through the notion of relational responsibility, it can show that citizens and states in the global North have a responsibility to help displaced populations. On the other hand, the ethics of care preconizes a contextual analysis of everyday and embodied issues: this will avoid reproducing blind spots in our philosophical inquiries. This will ultimately allow us to better identify and understand the injustices reproduced by refugee crises, as well as the steps needed to remedy them.

Keyphrases: asile, éthique du care, réfugiés, philosophie féministe, asile, migrations, philosophy of asylum, ethics of care, refugees, refuge, feminist philosophy, migration
A nursing intervention to enhance acceptance
of implantable cardioverter defibrillators : a randomized pilot study

Background: Patients may experience anxiety and reduced quality of life after implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) device implantation. Objective: To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the Approach Caring and Cognitive Behavioural (PRO-CARE) intervention, aimed at improving ICD device acceptance and psycho-functional outcomes one month after implantation. Methods: The pilot study involved 30 patients randomized to the intervention (IG) or control (CG) groups. The three encounters of the PRO-CARE intervention addressed patient-specific ICD concerns by focusing on beliefs leading to lower device acceptance and psycho-functional outcomes. Results: Thirteen (87%) of the 15 IG patients received all three encounters. The intervention was both feasible and acceptable. Although not statistically significant, mean scores on ICD device acceptance, shock, and general anxiety favoured the IG. Conclusions: Further research is needed to replicate results from this pilot study, but our observations suggest that nurses need to assess ICD patient anxiety and to tailor their interventions accordingly.

Keyphrases: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, Pilot study, Nursing intervention, Device acceptance, Anxiety
Portrait of driving practice following a mild stroke : a secondary analysis of a chart audit

Background: The majority of individuals who have had a mild stroke are discharged home from acute care. Yet, the proportion who are assessed for driving ability and given related recommendations is unknown.  Objective: To describe acute care practice related to driving among individuals whose discharge location is home.  Methods: A secondary analysis of data from a chart audit was realized in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Data were retrieved from the charts by trained extractors. Evaluation practice was described according to whether the driving assessment was specific or nonspecific to driving (cognitive, perceptual and visual functions). Descriptive statistics were used.  Results: The sample consisted of 419 charts of individuals with a mean age of 70.5 ± 13.3 years old. Mean length of hospital stay was 10.3 ± 13.3 days. Specific driving assessment was documented among 26/419 (6.2%) charts while for seven of these, the assessment was considered full. Meanwhile, 92/419 (22.0%) were considered as problematic for driving a vehicle. Nonspecific driving assessment was documented among 70/419 (16.7%), 43/419 (10.3%) and 33/419 (7.9%) of charts for cognitive, perceptual and visual functions, respectively. Charts were characterized by several missing data relating to driving.  Conclusion: The proportion of charts documenting driving restriction post-stroke in acute care was very low. Assuming that all driving discussions and referrals were captured in the charts (which may not be the case), our results would indicate an important gap in acute care practice as compared to best practices relating to driving post-stroke.

Keyphrases: Mild stroke, Driving, Acute care, Chart audits
Occupational therapy students’ experience with using a journal in fieldwork and factors influencing its use

The aims of this study were to (1) describe journal use in occupational therapy fieldwork and students’ preferences regarding use, and (2) document factors that influence this use. We used a mixed method design: Quantitative data were collected through an online survey developed by the research team, and qualitative data from afocus group. Respondents were in the thirdyear of the professional bachelor’s‒master’s continuum curriculum in occupational therapy. Descriptive and content analyses were used. We found that most of the 32 students who completed the survey used atraditional structured journal, daily at the beginning of fieldwork and less often at the end. The majority spent less than 30 minutes completing the journal during and outside fieldwork time. For 19/32 participants, the preceptor’s feedback was received weekly via different means. This use did not reflect participants’ preferences as 48% of the students considered journal use helpful in fostering reflective practice. Eight influencing factors emerged from the focus group (n = 4): student’s communication skills, student’s communication preferences, journal structure, frequency of use, student’s workload, and three other factors related to the social environment. In conclusion, journal use and students’ preferences vary and are influenced by different personal and contextual factors. To optimize journal use, areflective approach is desirable.

Keyphrases: Journal, Students, Occupational therapy, Reflective practice, Fieldwork, Preceptors
Epidemiological study of Coxiella burnetii in dairy cattle and small ruminants in Québec, Canada

The bacterium Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) can infect a wide range of animals, most notably ruminants where it causes mainly asymptomatic infections and, when clinical, it is associated with reproductive disorders such as abortion. It is also the etiological agent of Q fever in humans, a zoonosis of increasingly important public health concern. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the apparent prevalence and spatial distribution of C. burnetii positivity in dairy cattle and small ruminant herds of two regions of Québec, Canada, and identify potential risk factors associated with positivity at animal and herd levels. In dairy cattle herds, individual fecal samples and repeated bulk tank milk samples (BTM) were collected. In small ruminant herds, serum and feces were sampled in individual animals. ELISA analyses were performed on serum and BTM samples. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was done on fecal and BTM samples. An animal was considered C. burnetii-positive when at least one sample was revealed positive by ELISA and/or qPCR, while a herd was considered C. burnetii-positive when at least one animal inside that herd was revealed positive. None of the 155 cows had a qPCR-positive fecal sample, whereas 37.2 % (95 % CI = 25.3–49.1) of the 341 sheep and 49.2 % (95 % CI = 25.6–72.7) of the 75 goats were C. burnetii-positive. The apparent prevalence of C. burnetii-positive herds was 47.3 % (95 % CI = 35.6–59.3) in dairy cattle herds (n = 74), 69.6 % (95 % CI = 47.1–86.8) in sheep flocks (n = 23) and 66.7 % (95 % CI = 22.3–95.7) in goat herds (n = 6). No spatial cluster of positive herds was detected. At the individual level, the only significant association with positivity in multivariable regressions was higher parity number in small ruminants. At the herd level, the use of calving group pen, the distance to the closest positive bovine herd, and small ruminant herd density in a 5 km radius were associated with dairy cattle herd positivity, whereas small ruminant herds with more than 100 animals and with a dog on the farm had greater odds of C. burnetii positivity. Our study shows that the infection is frequent on dairy cattle and small ruminant herds from the two studied regions and that some farm and animal characteristics might influence the transmission dynamics of the C. burnetii infection.

Keyphrases: Coxiella burnetii, Dairy cattle, Sheep, Goat, Risk factor, Prevalence, Canada
Reliability and minimal detectable change of the mini-BESTest in adults with spinal cord injury in a rehabilitation setting

Background: The mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (mini-BESTest) is a valid tool for assessing standing balance in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Its reliability has not yet been investigated with this population.  Objective: To assess the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of the mini-BESTest in adults with SCI in a rehabilitation setting.  Methods: Twenty-three participants admitted in a rehabilitation center following an SCI (mean age = 52.2 years, SD = 14.5; 13/23 tetraplegia; 14/23 traumatic injury) and able to stand 30 seconds without help were recruited. They were evaluated twice with the mini-BESTest to establish the test-retest reliability (interval of 1 to 2 days). One of the two sessions was video-recorded to establish the inter-rater reliability (3 physiotherapists). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,1), weighted kappa (Kw) and Kendall’s W were used to determine reliability of total score and individual items. Minimal detectable changes (MDC) were computed. Results. The mini-BESTest total scores showed excellent test-retest (ICC = 0.94) and inter-rater (ICC = 0.96) reliability. Reliability of 50% of the individual items was acceptable to excellent (Κw and W = 0.35–1.00). The MDC of the mini-BESTest total score was 4 points.  Conclusion: The mini-BESTest is a reliable tool to assess standing balance in adults with an SCI. A minimal change of 4 points on the total scale is needed to be confident that the change is not a measurement error between two sessions or two raters.

Keyphrases: Reliability, Mini-BESTest, Balance, Spinal cord injuries, Rehabilitation
Preuves comportementales de capacités olfactives améliorées chez les personnes sourdes

La privation sensorielle, et tout particulièrement la déficience auditive, s’avère un excellent modèle théorique pour étudier les phénomènes de neuroplasticité dans le cerveau humain ainsi que les comportements adaptatifs qui se manifestent afin de soutenir le quotidien des individus privés d’une modalité sensorielle. Pour s’adapter à leur handicap, les individus sourds se reposent quotidiennement sur leurs autres sens restés intacts. Les éléments de preuves les plus cohérents dans la littérature sont en faveur de performances visuelles et tactiles supérieures chez les individus sourds profonds congénitaux. Dans cette étude, nous souhaitons explorer les habiletés olfactives chez les individus sourds congénitaux. Pour cela, nous avons évalué de façon exhaustive les capacités olfactives de 11 individus sourds congénitaux par le biais de tâches psychophysiques portant sur les processus de détection, d’identification, de discrimination et de localisation d’odorants, en comparaison à 11 individus neurotypiques. Le test du Sniffin’ Sticks et un olfactomètre ont été utilisés afin d’identifier de potentielles différences de performance olfactive entre les deux populations. Les résultats démontrent que la privation auditive entraine des performances supérieures dans la modalité olfactive chez les individus sourds congénitaux en comparaison à des individus neurotypiques. Sensory deprivation, and particularly hearing impairment, is an excellent theoretical model for studying the phenomena of neuroplasticity in the human brain, as well as the adaptive behaviors available in order to support the daily lives of individuals deprived of a sensory modality. To adapt to their handicap, deaf individuals rely daily on their other senses that have remained intact. Evidence from literature has consistently supported superior visual and tactile performance in congenitally deep deaf individuals. In this study, we explored complete olfactory skills in congenitally deaf individuals. For this, we evaluated the olfactory capacities of 11 congenitally deaf individuals through psychophysical tasks relating to the processes of detection, identification, discrimination and localization of odors, in comparison with 11 hearing individuals. The Sniffin’Sticks test and an olfactometer were used to identify potential differences in olfactory performance between the two groups. The results demonstrated that hearing deprivation leads to superior performance in terms of olfactory modality in congenitally deaf individuals compared to hearing individuals.

Keyphrases: Sourds Congénitaux, Neuroplasticité, Privation Sensorielle, Olfaction, Adaptation, Congenital Deaf, Neuroplasticity, Sensory Deprivation
The digital revolution : how technology changed the workflow of composers for media = La révolution numérique : comment les technologies ont changé les méthodologies de travail pour les compositeurs à l'image

Les technologies ont façonné et façonnent les méthodes de travail des compositeurs de musique à l’image : en termes de communications, de méthodologie et au niveau des compétences requises. De La Planète Interdite au Covid-19, nous examinerons comment les méthodologies de travail des compositeurs de musique à l’image ont changé au fil des ans. Technologies have shaped, and still do so, the way music composers for screen work: communication-wise, in their creative workflow and in their skill sets. From Forbidden Planet to Covid-19, we will examine how and in what way the workflows of music composers have changed throughout the years.

Keyphrases: Musique, Technologies, Méthodologies, Musique à l'image, Compositeur à l'image, Musique de films, Musique de jeu vidéo, Cinéma, Compositeur de musique, Composition, Technologies, Music, Workflow, Music for screen, Composer for screen, Music for film, Video game music, Music composer