NCube/papyrus huggingface dataset:
Le straight edge au Québec : abstinence, musique hardcore et résistance

Ce mémoire porte sur la notion de résistance sous-culturelle chez la sous-culture straight edge dans le contexte du Québec et s’intéresse à la place et au rôle de la musique hardcore à travers cette résistance. S’inscrivant dans le domaine de la sociomusicologie, il est le résultat d’une étude de terrain menée à l’aide d’entretiens auprès de participants à la sous-culture straight edge québécoise. Il s’intéresse au développement de la culture straight edge dans le contexte du Québec et à son organisation en marge de l’industrie culturelle mainstream en explorant son lien et son positionnement par rapport à la scène hardcore québécoise. Cette enquête se penche sur la perception de l’identité sous-culturelle ainsi que sur la représentation du système de valeurs straight edge chez les participants à la sous-culture. Il explore également, à travers l’analyse du discours des participants, leur conception de la société mainstream, des structures de pouvoir et de l’idéologie dominante afin de comprendre leur conception de la résistance. Le mémoire s’intéresse ensuite aux caractéristiques esthétiques du genre hardcore straight edge à travers ses paramètres musicaux et la production et l’utilisation de la voix dans le genre. Il est finalement démontré que la musique hardcore soutien et appuie la résistance sous-culturelle straight edge à travers diverses stratégies d’interprétation, compositionnelles et scéniques, soutenues par les paramètres vocaux et musicaux du genre, les textes des chansons ainsi que le contexte du concert live. This thesis examines the notion of resistance in the straight edge subculture in the context of Quebec, focusing on the place and role of hardcore music through this resistance. It is part of a sociomusicology field study consisting in interviews with participants in the Quebec straight edge subculture. It is interested in the development of straight edge culture in the context of Quebec and its organization on the margins of the mainstream cultural industry. It also explores the relationship of this subculture with the Quebec hardcore scene. This thesis examines the perception of subcultural identity and the representation of the straight edge value system amongst subcultural participants. It also explores, through the analysis of the participants' discourses, their conception of mainstream society, power structures and dominant ideologies in order to understand their conceptions of resistance. The thesis then looks at the aesthetic characteristics of the straight edge hardcore genre through its musical parameters and the production and use of the voice in this genre. Finally, it is shown that hardcore music supports and sustains straight edge subcultural resistance through various performances, compositional and scenic strategies, supported by the vocal and musical parameters of the genre, lyrics, as well as the context of the live concert.

Keyphrases: Straight edge, hardcore, résistance, sous-culture, scène musicale, musique populaire, Straight edge, hardcore, punk hardcore, D.I.Y., resistance, subculture, music scene, popular music
Moral distress : an instrumentalist analysis of conceptual and empirical literature

This thesis explores the concept of moral distress in the context of decision-making. Several factors complicate the decision-making process in the clinical context. One such factor is moral distress. According to its original conceptualization, moral distress is experienced when the course of action is known, but its realization is limited or prevented by constraints, i.e., institutional, financial, or organizational. Much of the conceptual and empirical research on moral distress addresses this conceptualization, which leads to the recommendation to better conceptualize or understand moral distress. This thesis presents an analysis of the function of the concept, thus identifying what the empirical and conceptual literature provides as a working definition of moral distress. To this end, the identification of the function of the concept will serve as a starting point to better understand the variety and the richness of the concept of moral distress. Ce mémoire explore le concept de la détresse morale dans le contexte de la prise de décision clinique. Plusieurs facteurs compliquent le processus de prise de décision dans le contexte clinique. Un tel facteur est la détresse morale. Selon sa conceptualisation originale, la détresse morale est ressentie lorsque la démarche à suivre est connue, mais sa réalisation est limitée ou empêchée par des contraintes, p.ex. institutionnelles, financières, organisationnelles. Une grande proportion de la recherche conceptuelle et empirique se penche sur cette conceptualisation qui aboutit à la recommandation de mieux conceptualiser ou comprendre la détresse morale. Ce mémoire présente une analyse de la fonction du concept, donc d’identifier ce que la littérature empirique et conceptuelle fournit comme définition pratique de la détresse morale. L’indentification de la définition fonctionnelle du concept servira donc comme point de départ pour mieux comprendre la richesse et la portée des connaissances sur la détresse morale.

Keyphrases: Moral Distress, Decision-Making, Concept Analysis, Pragmatism, détresse morale, analyse conceptuelle, prise de décision, pragmatisme
Development and pilot testing of a measure of potential barriers and facilitators to the use of a standardized assessment tool

Introduction:  Standardized assessment tools (SATs) are essential to evidence-based assessment practices. Identifying what impedes clinicians' use of a SAT can help tailor strategies promoting its use in clinical practice. This article presents the development of the “Measure of potential barriers and facilitators to the Use of a Standardized assessment Tool (MUST)” questionnaire. Preliminary findings are also reported from pilot testing in which the MUST was used to investigate occupational therapists' (OTs) perceptions of potential barriers and facilitators to the use of the Activities of Daily Living Profile (ADL Profile), a SAT evaluating independence in everyday activities of cognitively impaired adults.  Methods:  The MUST was administered to 41 OTs attending continuing education workshops on the ADL Profile. Internal consistency was explored using Chronbach alpha. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze scores for each statement.  Results:  Internal consistency for subscales related to clinicians' characteristics (α = 0.7) and to the SAT's characteristics (α = 0.8) were adequate but lower for the subscale related to the clinical setting (α = 0.6). OTs' perceptions of potential barriers were associated with: OTs' perceived self-efficacy; ADL Profile's applicability to OTs' clienteles; ADL Profile's compatibility with values promoted in the work setting and with clients' preferences; limited peer support; time to implement the ADL Profile.  Discussion:  The MUST, a theory-informed questionnaire, may prove useful in identifying potential barriers needing to be addressed in continuing education training promoting the use of SATs by clinicians. The MUST is quick to administer and initial testing provides support for its internal consistency.

Keyphrases: Standardized assessment tool, Evidence-based assessment, Questionnaire development, Research/education, Knowledge translation, Implementation
Post-acute care referral and inpatient rehabilitation admission criteria for persons with brain injury across two Canadian provinces

Purpose: Investigate health care providers’ perceptions of referral and admission criteria to brain injury inpatient rehabilitation in two Canadian provinces. Methods: Health care providers (n=345) from brain injury programs (13 acute care and 16 rehabilitation facilities) participated in a cross-sectional web-based survey. Participants rated the likelihood of patients (traumatic brain injury and cerebral hypoxia) to be referred/admitted to rehabilitation and the influence of 19 additional factors (e.g. tracheostomy). Participants reported the perceived usefulness of referral/admission policies and assessment tools used. Results: Ninety-one percent acute care and 98% rehabilitation participants reported the person with traumatic brain injury would likely or very likely be referred/admitted to rehabilitation compared to respectively 43% and 53% for the patient with hypoxia. Two additional factors significantly decreased the likelihood of referral/admission: older age and the combined presence of minimal learning ability, memory impairment and physical aggression. Some significant inter-provincial variations in the perceived referral/admission procedure were observed. Most participants reported policies were helpful. Similar assessment tools were used in acute care and rehabilitation. Conclusions: Health care providers appear to consider various factors when making decisions regarding referral and admission to rehabilitation. Variations in the perceived likelihood of referral/admission suggest a need for standardized referral/admission practices.

Keyphrases: Health services accessibility, Brain injuries, Decision making, Patient selection, Neurological rehabilitation, Canada
Priorities and needs regarding sexual rehabilitation for individuals in the subacute phase post-stroke

It is recommended that sexuality be addressed at all transition points along the continuum in stroke rehabilitation. However, little is known about needs specific to the subacute phase. (1) Explore priorities and needs of individuals who have had a stroke regarding sexuality in the subacute phase of stroke rehabilitation, according to both clients and clinicians; (2) Explore clinicians’ perceptions of their professional roles with regard to sexuality rehabilitation after stroke. This qualitative study involved a convenience sample composed of five clients and 15 clinicians. Clinicians were asked to implement an interview guide to assess their clients’ need to address sexuality during rehabilitation. Following implementation, data was collected through individual interviews (n = 6) and focus groups (n = 3). Verbatim were partially co-coded (15%) and analyzed by two independent assessors through a thematic analyzis. The mean age of the five clients (3 female, 2 male) was 67.0 years-old (S.D. 4.6) and clinicians included a psychologist and occupational, physical and speech language therapists. Three themes emerged: (1) Sexuality: a secondary priority, (2) Clients’ needs: just talk about it!, and (3) professional roles. Clients and clinicians considered sexuality as important, but a secondary priority to be addressed after more basic activities of daily living. Needs varied among clients regarding sexuality and clinicians shared their respective contribution to the issue while emphasizing interdisciplinarity. This study is among the first to identify priorities and needs related to sexuality for clients in subacute phase of stroke rehabilitation and their clinicians.

Keyphrases: Sexuality, Stroke, Rehabilitation, Interview, Knowledge translation, Qualitative methods
Assessment methods in sexual rehabilitation after stroke : a scoping review for rehabilitation professionals

Purpose: The aim was to identify and describe the assessment methods used by rehabilitation professionals to evaluate sexuality for individuals post-stroke, as well as the domains of sexuality addressed.  Methods: Seven databases were selected for this scoping review. Articles needed to meet these inclusion criteria: published studies with a sample of ≥ 50% stroke clients and describing a quantitative or qualitative assessment method that could be used by rehabilitation professionals. This study was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and domains of sexuality were categorized using the ICF core set for stroke.  Results: Of the 2447 articles reviewed, the 96 that met the selection criteria identified a total of 116 assessment methods classified as standardized assessment tools (n = 62), original questionnaires (n = 28), semi-structured interviews (n = 16) or structured interviews (n = 10). Sexual functions were predominantly assessed using standardized tools, while intimate relationships and partner's perspective were generally addressed more by original questionnaires and qualitative methods. A stepwise approach combining relevant assessment methods is presented.  Conclusions: Individually, these diverse assessment methods addressed a limited scope of relevant domains. Future research should combine quantitative and qualitative methods to encompass most domains of sexuality of concern to post-stroke individuals.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMost of the studies reviewed here used quantitative methods to assess sexuality, rather than qualitative methods, and mostly used standardized assessment tools.Few assessment methods covered all domains related to sexuality.Qualitative methods and standardized assessment tools were shown to be complementary, therefore emphasizing the added value of mixed methods in assessing sexuality after a stroke.Among the methods that were reviewed, certain would be more suitable for the identification of the need to address sexuality (e.g., Life Satisfaction Checklist-11) and others to assess more thoroughly sexuality (e.g., Change in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14)).

Keyphrases: Stroke, Assessment, Clinicians, Evaluation, Rehabilitation, Sexuality
Neuroanatomic correlates of distance and direction processing during cognitive map retrieval

Navigating toward a goal and mentally comparing distances and directions to landmarks are processes requiring reading information off the memorized representation of the environment, that is, the cognitive map. Brain structures in the medial temporal lobe, in particular, are known to be involved in the learning, storage, and retrieval of cognitive map information, which is generally assumed to be in allocentric form, whereby pure spatial relations (i.e., distance and direction) connect locations with each other. The authors recorded functional magnetic resonance imaging activity, while participants were submitted to a variant of a neuropsychological test (the Cognitive Map Reading Test; CMRT) originally developed to evaluate the performance of brain-lesioned patients and in which participants have to compare distances and directions in their mental map of their hometown. Our main results indicated posterior parahippocampal, but not hippocampal, activity, consistent with a task involving spatial memory of places learned a long time ago; left parietal and left frontal activity, consistent with the distributed processing of navigational representations; and, unexpectedly, cerebellar activity, possibly related to the role of the cerebellum in the processing of (here, imaginary) self-motion cues. In addition, direction, but not distance, comparisons elicited significant activation in the posterior parahippocampal gyrus.

Keyphrases: Cognitive map, Evaluation of distance, Evaluation of direction, Cognitive map reading test, fMRI, Hippocampus
L'impact de la charge amyloïde sur le déclin cognitif dans le vieillissement normal

Objectif : Le présent projet vise à déterminer l’impact de la charge amyloïde sur l’évolution du fonctionnement cognitif des personnes âgées cognitivement normales (PACN) sur une période de suivi de 3 ans.  Méthode : Un groupe de PACN âgées de 65 ans et plus, qui avaient au départ réalisé une évaluation neuropsychologique, un examen de tomographie par émission de positons (TEP) pour quantifier leur charge amyloïde cérébrale et une imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM), ont réalisé la même évaluation neuropsychologique trois ans plus tard, afin de documenter leurs changements cognitifs dans sept domaines de la cognition ainsi que dans la cognition globale (MoCA). Les participants étaient dichotomisés en 2 groupes : ceux ayant une charge amyloïde élevée (βA+) et ceux ayant une charge amyloïde faible (βA−). Des ANOVAS mixtes ont été réalisées afin de mesurer l’effet d’interaction du temps écoulé (T1, T2) et de la charge amyloïde (βA+, βA−), sur la performance cognitive, tout en contrôlant pour l’âge des participants.   Résultats : La MÉ est le seul domaine de la cognition à l’étude pour lequel on retrouve un déclin significativement plus accentué dans le groupe βA+ entre T1 et T2. En revanche, on ne retrouve pas de différence significative pour les autres domaines cognitifs ou pour la cognition globale.   Conclusion : La présence d’une charge amyloïde élevée chez des personnes âgées en santé est associée à un déclin plus rapide en mémoire épisodique sur une période de 3 ans.

Keyphrases: Vieillissement normal, Cognition, Mémoire épisodique, Charge amyloïde, Maladie d'Alzheimer, Neuropsychologie clinique
Prior history of feeding–swallowing difficulties in children with language impairment

Purpose This study updated and extended our previous investigation (Malas et al., 2015) of feeding–swallowing difficulties and concerns (FSCs) in children with language impairments (LI) by using more stringent inclusion criteria and targeting children earlier in the care delivery pathway.  Method Retrospective analyses were performed on the clinical files of 29 children (average age: 60 months, SD = 9.0) diagnosed as having LI using standardized testing, nonstandardized testing and final speech-language pathologist judgment. The files of children born prematurely or with a history of anatomical, structural, neurodevelopmental, cognitive, sensory, motor, or speech disorders were excluded. Literature-based indicators were used to determine the prevalence of difficulties in sucking, food transition, food selectivity, and salivary control. Values were compared with the general population estimate of Lindberg et al. (1992).  Results A significantly higher percentage of histories of FSCs (48%) were found in the files of children with LI when compared with the population estimate (χ2 = 13.741, df = 1, p < .001). Difficulties in food transition (31%) and food selectivity (14%) were the most frequent. Data confirm and extend our previous findings and suggest that a previous history of FSCs may characterize children with LI early in their care delivery pathway.

Keyphrases: Feeding, Swallowing, Feeding-swallowing difficulties, Language impairment, Children
Modeling treatment effect modification in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in an individual patient data meta-analysis

Effect modification occurs while the effect of the treatment is not homogeneous across the different strata of patient characteristics. When the effect of treatment may vary from individual to individual, precision medicine can be improved by identifying patient covariates to estimate the size and direction of the effect at the individual level. However, this task is statistically challenging and typically requires large amounts of data. Investigators may be interested in using the individual patient data (IPD) from multiple studies to estimate these treatment effect models. Our data arise from a systematic review of observational studies contrasting different treatments for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), where multiple antimicrobial agents are taken concurrently to cure the infection. We propose a marginal structural model (MSM) for effect modification by different patient characteristics and co-medications in a meta-analysis of observational IPD. We develop, evaluate, and apply a targeted maximum likelihood estimator (TMLE) for the doubly robust estimation of the parameters of the proposed MSM in this context. In particular, we allow for differential availability of treatments across studies, measured confounding within and across studies, and random effects by study.

Keyphrases: Conditional average treatment effect, Double robustness, Individual patient data, Marginal structural model, Meta-analysis, Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, Targeted maximum likelihood estimation
Time-dependent theory of electronic spectroscopy

The time-dependent theory of electronic spectroscopy provides an intuitive approach to understand and quantitatively analyze absorption, luminescence and resonance Raman spectra beyond vertical transition energies. The approach can be combined with electronic structure calculations, providing a link between these calculations and electronic spectra and leading to detailed insight on excited-state characteristics such as structures or effects of coupling.

Keyphrases: Autocorrelation functions, Calculated absorption spectra, Calculated luminescence spectra, Excited-state structural distortions, Resonance Raman excitation profiles, Time-dependent theory, Vibronic structure, Wavepacket propagations
Uncited papers are not useless

We study the citation dynamics of the papers published in three scientific disciplines (Physics, Economics, and Mathematics) and four broad scientific categories (Medical, Natural, Social Sciences, and Arts & Humanities). We measure the uncitedness ratio, namely, the fraction of uncited papers in these data sets and its dependence on the time following publication. These measurements are compared with a model of citation dynamics that considers acquiring citations as an inhomogeneous Poisson process. The model captures the fraction of uncited papers in our collections fairly well, suggesting that uncitedness is an inevitable consequence of the Poisson statistics.

Keyphrases: Citation analysis, Citation dynamics, Uncitedness
The institutionalized stratification of the Chinese higher education system

To promote research excellence, China’s government has been offering substantial financial support for a small group of selected universities through three national research programs (Project 211, Project 985, Double First Class). However, admission to these programs may not be completely merit based. Based on a statistical analysis of Chinese universities’ scientific activities, this paper shows that this institutionalized hierarchy is not supported by empirical data on research performance, which contributes to inequalities and inefficiencies in Chinese higher education. To build and maintain research capacity, China must support meritocracy across the research system.

Keyphrases: Double First Class, Elite university, Higher education, Nonelite university, Project 211, Project 985
Exploring the usability of the Andragogical process model for learning for designing, delivering, and evaluating a workplace communication partner training

Purpose: This study explores the usability of the andragogical process model for learning to develop, deliver, and evaluate training to improve communication between adapted transport drivers and people living with communication disabilities, and to identify the successes and limitations of the model in this context. Design/Methodology/Approach: Two aspects were considered to explore the usability of the andragogical process model for learning: 1) comparison between the elements of the model and the designing, delivering, and evaluating processes of the training; and 2) an appreciation evaluation. Findings: The model was useful to systematically design, deliver, and evaluate a workplace training that was appreciated by the learners, even though most of the model’s elements were modified to meet the constraints of the trainer and the organization. Assessing the needs for learning, establishing a human climate conducive to learning, and choosing appropriate training methods emerged as key elements that contributed to a successful appreciation of this training. Originality: This study is one of the few that examines the possibility of a systematic application of the andragogical process model for learning to workplace training. Its results suggest that the model could be considered for application by non-professional trainers or external trainers from a workplace, but that organizational constraints must be considered when using it.

Keyphrases: Andragogy, Workplace training, Professional development, Communication partner training, Public transportation, Andragogical process model for learning