user-0 提问: 关于float或者double的精度问题

回复:
user: user-1
content: Windows结果，显然更好。 这是误差处理方式不同，造成的。

user: user-2
content: 用10进制小数不能精确表示某些三进制小数0.1(3)=0.33333333333……(10) 同理，用二进制小数也不能精确表示某些10进制小数。 float.h ... #define DBL_DIG         15                      /* # of decimal digits of precision */ #define DBL_EPSILON     2.2204460492503131e-016 /* smallest such that 1.0+DBL_EPSILON != 1.0 */ #define DBL_MANT_DIG    53                      /* # of bits in mantissa */ #define DBL_MAX         1.7976931348623158e+308 /* max value */ #define DBL_MAX_10_EXP  308                     /* max decimal exponent */ #define DBL_MAX_EXP     1024                    /* max binary exponent */ #define DBL_MIN         2.2250738585072014e-308 /* min positive value */ #define DBL_MIN_10_EXP  (-307)                  /* min decimal exponent */ #define DBL_MIN_EXP     (-1021)                 /* min binary exponent */ #define _DBL_RADIX      2                       /* exponent radix */ #define _DBL_ROUNDS     1                       /* addition rounding: near */  #define FLT_DIG         6                       /* # of decimal digits of precision */ #define FLT_EPSILON     1.192092896e-07F        /* smallest such that 1.0+FLT_EPSILON != 1.0 */ #define FLT_GUARD       0 #define FLT_MANT_DIG    24                      /* # of bits in mantissa */ #define FLT_MAX         3.402823466e+38F        /* max value */ #define FLT_MAX_10_EXP  38                      /* max decimal exponent */ #define FLT_MAX_EXP     128                     /* max binary exponent */ #define FLT_MIN         1.175494351e-38F        /* min positive value */ #define FLT_MIN_10_EXP  (-37)                   /* min decimal exponent */ #define FLT_MIN_EXP     (-125)                  /* min binary exponent */ #define FLT_NORMALIZE   0 #define FLT_RADIX       2                       /* exponent radix */ #define FLT_ROUNDS      1                       /* addition rounding: near */ ...

user: user-2
content: 常量也有类型！ C++ Floating-Point Constants Floating-point constants specify values that must have a fractional part. These values contain decimal points (.) and can contain exponents.  Syntax  floating-constant :  fractional-constant exponent-partopt floating-suffixopt digit-sequence exponent-part floating-suffixopt  fractional-constant :  digit-sequenceopt . digit-sequence digit-sequence .  exponent-part :  e signopt digit-sequence E signopt digit-sequence  sign : one of  + –  digit-sequence :  digit digit-sequence digit  floating-suffix :one of  f l F L  Floating-point constants have a “mantissa,” which specifies the value of the number, an “exponent,” which specifies the magnitude of the number, and an optional suffix that specifies the constant’s type. The mantissa is specified as a sequence of digits followed by a period, followed by an optional sequence of digits representing the fractional part of the number. For example:  18.46 38.  The exponent, if present, specifies the magnitude of the number as a power of 10, as shown in the following example:  18.46e0      // 18.46 18.46e1      // 184.6  If an exponent is present, the trailing decimal point is unnecessary in whole numbers such as 18E0.  Floating-point constants default to type double. By using the suffixes f or l (or F or L — the suffix is not case sensitive), the constant can be specified as float or long double, respectively.  Although long double and double have the same representation, they are not the same type. For example, you can have overloaded functions like  void func( double );  and   void func( long double );  C++ Integer Constants Integer constants are constant data elements that have no fractional parts or exponents. They always begin with a digit. You can specify integer constants in decimal, octal, or hexadecimal form. They can specify signed or unsigned types and long or short types.  Syntax  integer-constant :  decimal-constant integer-suffixopt octal-constant integer-suffixopt hexadecimal-constant integer-suffixopt 'c-char-sequence'  decimal-constant :  nonzero-digit decimal-constant digit  octal-constant :  0 octal-constant octal-digit  hexadecimal-constant :  0x hexadecimal-digit 0X hexadecimal-digit hexadecimal-constant hexadecimal-digit  nonzero-digit : one of  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  octal-digit : one of  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7  hexadecimal-digit : one of  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f A B C D E F  integer-suffix :  unsigned-suffix long-suffixopt long-suffix unsigned-suffixopt  unsigned-suffix : one of  u U  long-suffix : one of  l L  64-bit integer-suffix :  i64  To specify integer constants using octal or hexadecimal notation, use a prefix that denotes the base. To specify an integer constant of a given integral type, use a suffix that denotes the type.  To specify a decimal constant, begin the specification with a nonzero digit. For example:  int i = 157;   // Decimal constant int j = 0198;  // Not a decimal number; erroneous octal constant int k = 0365;  // Leading zero specifies octal constant, not decimal  To specify an octal constant, begin the specification with 0, followed by a sequence of digits in the range 0 through 7. The digits 8 and 9 are errors in specifying an octal constant. For example:  int i = 0377;   // Octal constant int j = 0397;   // Error: 9 is not an octal digit  To specify a hexadecimal constant, begin the specification with 0x or 0X (the case of the “x” does not matter), followed by a sequence of digits in the range 0 through 9 and a (or A) through f (or F). Hexadecimal digits a (or A) through f (or F) represent values in the range 10 through 15. For example:  int i = 0x3fff;   // Hexadecimal constant int j = 0X3FFF;   // Equal to i  To specify an unsigned type, use either the u or U suffix. To specify a long type, use either the l or L suffix. For example:  unsigned uVal = 328u;             // Unsigned value long lVal = 0x7FFFFFL;            // Long value specified                                    //  as hex constant unsigned long ulVal = 0776745ul;  // Unsigned long value