user-0 提问: 【链表】一元多项式乘法, 乘法运行错误，想不通哪里的问题，求大神帮助

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user: user-1
content: 仅供参考：//不带表头结点的单向链表 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <time.h> #include <locale.h> struct NODE {     int          data;     struct NODE *next; } *head,*p,*q,*s,*p1,*p2,*q1,**ta; int i,k,n,t,m,v,N=10; int main() {     setlocale(LC_ALL,"chs");     srand(time(NULL));      head=NULL;      printf("创建%d个节点的单链表:",N);//创建N个节点的单链表     p=head;     for (i=0;i<N;i++) {         q=(struct NODE *)malloc(sizeof(struct NODE));         if (NULL==q) exit(1);         q->data=rand()%100;//填写0..99的随机值         q->next=NULL;         if (NULL==p) {             head=q;             p=head;         } else {             p->next=q;             p=q;         }     }      //输出整个单链表     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         s=s->next;     }      k=3;     v=5;     printf("将值为%d的结点插入到单链表的第%d个结点前:",v,k);//将值为v的结点插入到单链表的第k个结点前     n=0;     p=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==p) {             break;         }         n++;         if (k==1) {             q=(struct NODE *)malloc(sizeof(struct NODE));             if (NULL==q) exit(1);             q->data=v;             q->next=head;             head=q;             break;         } else {             if (k-1==n) {                 q=(struct NODE *)malloc(sizeof(struct NODE));                 if (NULL==q) exit(1);                 q->data=v;                 q->next=p->next;                 p->next=q;                 break;             }         }         p=p->next;     }      //输出整个单链表     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         s=s->next;     }      k=5;     printf("删除第%d个节点:",k);//删除第k个节点     n=0;     p=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==p) {             break;         }         n++;         if (k==1) {             q=head;             head=head->next;             free(q);             break;         } else {             if (k-1==n) {                 q=p->next;                 if (q) {                     p->next=q->next;                     free(q);                 }                 break;             }         }         p=p->next;     }      //输出整个单链表     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         s=s->next;     }      printf("从小到大排序:");//从小到大排序     for (p=head,p1=NULL;p!=NULL;p1=p,p=p->next) {         for (q=p->next,q1=p;q!=NULL;q1=q,q=q->next) {             if (p->data > q->data) {                  //交换data //              printf("swap %02d %02d\n",p->data,q->data); //              t=p->data;p->data=q->data;q->data=t;                  //或者                  //交换next //              printf("swap %02d %02d\n",p->data,q->data);                 if (p==head) {//p是头                     if (p->next==q) {//pq挨着                         head=q;                         p->next=q->next;                         q->next=p;                         q=p;                         p=head;                     } else {//pq不挨着                         head=q;                         p2=p->next;                         p->next=q->next;                         q->next=p2;                         q1->next=p;                         q=p;                         p=head;                     }                 } else {//p不是头                     if (p->next==q) {//pq挨着                         p1->next=q;                         p->next=q->next;                         q->next=p;                         q=p;                         p=p1->next;                     } else {//pq不挨着                         p1->next=q;                         p2=p->next;                         p->next=q->next;                         q->next=p2;                         q1->next=p;                         q=p;                         p=p1->next;                     }                 }                  //输出整个单链表 //              s=head; //              while (1) { //                  if (NULL==s) { //                      printf("\n"); //                      break; //                  } //                  printf("%02d->",s->data); //                  s=s->next; //              } //              getchar();             }         }     }      //输出整个单链表并计算链表长度n     n=0;     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         n++;         s=s->next;     }      printf("将整个链表逆序:");//将整个链表逆序     if (n>=2) {         p=head;         q=p->next;         p->next=NULL;         while (1) {             q1=q->next;             q->next=p;             p=q;             q=q1;             if (NULL==q) break;         }         head=p;     }      //输出整个单链表     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         s=s->next;     }      m=4;     n=6;     printf("将单链表中前%d个结点和后%d个结点进行互换:",m,n);//将单链表中前m个结点和后n个结点进行互换,m+n为链表总长     k=0;     p=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==p) {             break;         }         k++;         if (m==k) {             q=p;         }         s=p;         p=p->next;     }     q1=head;     head=q->next;     s->next=q1;     q->next=NULL;      //输出整个单链表     s=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==s) {             printf("\n");             break;         }         printf("%02d->",s->data);         s=s->next;     }      //释放所有节点     p=head;     while (1) {         if (NULL==p) {             break;         }         q=p->next;         free(p);         p=q;     }      return 0; } //创建10个节点的单链表:08->74->07->23->03->99->31->56->88->16-> //将值为5的结点插入到单链表的第3个结点前:08->74->05->07->23->03->99->31->56->88->16-> //删除第5个节点:08->74->05->07->03->99->31->56->88->16-> //从小到大排序:03->05->07->08->16->31->56->74->88->99-> //将整个链表逆序:99->88->74->56->31->16->08->07->05->03-> //将单链表中前4个结点和后6个结点进行互换:31->16->08->07->05->03->99->88->74->56-> //

user: user-2
content: 三个链表中，可能有两个链表是互相纠缠的，二者尾部是相同的 一个为和链表 一个为加数链表   其实，乘法采用插入排序的方式插入乘积，就可以做到合并同类项和 升幂，或者降幂排列的目的了  实际上，鉴于多项式是升幂或者降幂排列的 插入数据的时候，应该进行插入排序， 这样才能保证多项式是有序的  这比靠记忆，或者有序输入做到，容易得多

user: user-2
content: //两个链表相加 List add(List a_list, List b_list)  的逻辑是混乱的 混合了，创新式产插入和直接插入两种方式 结果是 三个链表中，可能有个链表是互相纠缠的，二者尾部是相同的  形成如下结构                                 sum-> ----------------------->    P  ------------------------- >NULL                                        ^                                        | i 或者 j -->------------------>  至于乘法倒是没有这个问题，只是忽略了需要降幂（或者升幂）排列的事实 同时也没有进行合并同类项的操作。 这里，忽略了多项式乘法的数学意义。 暂时就发现这么多

user: user-2
content: 不带有节点的缺点，你没避开吧 之所以单链表通常会有头结点 是因为，不带空头结点的单链表  头结点数据的插入，删除等等。 需要特殊处理  添加一个空的（非数据）头结点。 所有数据节点的处理方式就一致了，避免了特殊处理的麻烦。

user: user-0
content: 谢谢，我的思路是正确的，可能在语言层面上有问题，我写的那个链表是不带头结点的，您能帮我看看乘函数哪里有问题吗

user: user-1
content: 仅供参考：//链表实现一元多项式的加法减法乘法 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct node {     float coef;   //系数     int expn;     //指数     struct node *next; } PolyNode;      //多项式节点 polynomial node typedef PolyNode* Polynomial; Polynomial createPolynomial() {  //创建多项式     PolyNode *p, *q, *head = (PolyNode *)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));   //头节点     head->next = NULL;     float coef;     int expn;     printf("输入该多项式每一项的系数和指数，每项一行，输入0 0结束！\n");     while (scanf("%f %d", &coef, &expn) && coef) {   // 默认，按指数递减排列         if (head->next) {             p = head;             while (p->next && expn < p->next->expn)                 p = p->next;             if (p->next) {                 if (expn == p->next->expn) { //有相同指数的直接把系数加到原多项式                     p->next->coef += coef;                     if (p->next->coef > -0.000001 && p->next->coef < 0.000001) { //若是相加后系数为0，则舍弃该节点                         q = p->next;                         p->next = q->next;                         free(q);                     }                 } else {                     q = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));                     q->coef = coef;                     q->expn = expn;                     q->next = p->next;                     p->next = q;                 }             } else {                 p->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));                 p = p->next;                 p->coef = coef;                 p->expn = expn;                 p->next = NULL;             }         } else {             head->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));             head->next->coef = coef;             head->next->expn = expn;             head->next->next = NULL;         }     }     return head; } Polynomial multiply(Polynomial poly, float coef, int expn) {  //多项式与指定单项式相乘，该单项式为 coefx^expn     PolyNode *p, *q, *Poly = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));     p = Poly;     q = poly->next;     while (q) {         p->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));         p = p->next;         p->coef = (q->coef*coef);         p->expn = (q->expn + expn);         q = q->next;     }     p->next = NULL;     return Poly; } void add(Polynomial poly1, Polynomial poly2) {  //把 poly2 加到 poly1 上     PolyNode *p, *q, *r;     r = poly1;     p = poly1->next;  //指向第一个节点     q = poly2->next;     poly2->next = NULL;     while (p && q) {         if (p->expn > q->expn) {             r->next = p;             p = p->next;             r = r->next;         } else if (p->expn < q->expn) {             r->next = q;             q = q->next;             r = r->next;         } else {             PolyNode *t;             p->coef += q->coef;             if (!(p->coef > -0.000001 && p->coef < 0.000001)) //系数不为0             {                 r->next = p;                 r = r->next;                 p = p->next;             } else {                 t = p;                 p = p->next;                 free(t);             }             t = q;             q = q->next;             free(t);         }     }     if (p)         r->next = p;     if (q)         r->next = q; } Polynomial polySubtract(Polynomial poly1, Polynomial poly2) {  //多项式减法 poly1-poly2形成一个新的多项式     //把poly2的系数取相反数，形成一个新的多项式     Polynomial poly = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode)); //构造头节点     PolyNode *p, *q;     p = poly;     q = poly2->next;     while (q) {         p->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));         p = p->next;         p->coef = -(q->coef);  //系数取反         p->expn = q->expn;         q = q->next;     }     p->next = NULL;     add(poly, poly1);  //利用加法     return poly; } Polynomial polyAdd(Polynomial poly1, Polynomial poly2) { //多项式相加 poly1+poly2形成一个新的多项式     Polynomial poly = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));  //和多项式的头节点     poly->next = NULL;     PolyNode *p, *q, *r;     r = poly;     p = poly1->next;     q = poly2->next;     while (p&&q) {         if (p->expn > q->expn) {             r->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));             r = r->next;             r->coef = p->coef;             r->expn = p->expn;             p = p->next;         } else if (p->expn < q->expn) {             r->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));             r = r->next;             r->coef = q->coef;             r->expn = q->expn;             q = q->next;         } else {             float m = p->coef + q->coef;             if (!(m > -0.000001 && m < 0.000001)) {                 r->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));                 r = r->next;                 r->coef = m;                 r->expn = p->expn;             }             q = q->next;             p = p->next;         }     }     while (p) {         r->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));         r = r->next;         r->coef = p->coef;         r->expn = p->expn;         p = p->next;     }     while (q) {         r->next = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));         r = r->next;         r->coef = q->coef;         r->expn = q->expn;         q = q->next;     }     r->next = NULL;     return poly; } Polynomial polyMultiply(Polynomial poly1, Polynomial poly2) {  //多项式相乘     Polynomial poly = (PolyNode*)malloc(sizeof(PolyNode));  //创建多项式和的头节点     poly->next = NULL;     PolyNode *p;     p = poly2->next;     while (p) {         add(poly, multiply(poly1, p->coef, p->expn));         p = p->next;     }     return poly; } void printPoly(Polynomial poly) {  //打印多项式     if (poly && poly->next) {         PolyNode *p = poly->next;  //p指向第一个节点         while (p->next) {             printf("%gx^%d", p->coef, p->expn);             p = p->next;             if (p && (p->coef > 0))                 printf("+");         }         if (p->expn == 0)             printf("%g", p->coef);   //打印常数项         else             printf("%gx^%d", p->coef, p->expn);         printf("\n");     } } void freePoly(Polynomial poly) {  //释放内存     if (poly && poly->next) {         PolyNode *p, *q;         p = poly;         while (p) {             q = p->next;             free(p);             p = q;         }     }     poly = NULL; } int main() {     printf("用链表实现多项式的加减法\n");     Polynomial poly1, poly2, poly3;     printf("创建多项式一\n");     poly1 = createPolynomial();     printf("多项式一：\n");     printPoly(poly1);     printf("创建多项式二\n");     poly2 = createPolynomial();     printf("多项式二：\n");     printPoly(poly2);     printf("两多项式相加，和为：\n");     poly3 = polyAdd(poly1, poly2);     printPoly(poly3);     freePoly(poly3);     printf("两个多项式相乘，积为：\n");     poly3 = polyMultiply(poly1, poly2);     printPoly(poly3);     freePoly(poly3);     printf("两多项式相减，差为：\n");     poly3 = polySubtract(poly1, poly2);     printPoly(poly3);     freePoly(poly1);     freePoly(poly2);     freePoly(poly3);     system("pause");     return 0; }  窃代码不叫偷！