MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by epistasis | 2026-02-04 01:07:11+00:00
Edit: here's Guardian reporting on the report cited by Salmon Business https://www.theguardian.com/business/2025/dec/12/health-and-... . As somebody who has spent nearly all of my political activity in the past 8 years trying to change local regulations to allow more housing, the whole thing reeks of unfair analysis on all sides and hyper-partisanship. I largely think there should be a more rational evaluation of requirements all around, but it does sound like the 44 tons of killed fish per year is pretty small compared to other human impact, but $700M is not going to save Hinkley Point C.

The stilted phrasing in the report from Salmon Business definitely does not sound very credible, but marine life protection is definitely a real thing with nuclear and all fuel-burning electricity generation

The vast quantities of water needed to cool nuclear (for every kWh of electricity, 2 kWh of waste heat must be discarded) can have significant impacts on wildlife. In the past, we just devastated ecosystems but most modern countries decided they didn't want to do that anymore.

This is not a nuclear regulation, it's a "thermal plant" regulation, it's just that nuclear needs more cooling than, say, combined-cycle gas because nuclear's lower temperatures are less efficient at converting heat to electricity.

At a mere $700M, even dropping all marine life mitigations from Hinkley Point C wouldn't help much with affordability. If they could drop $7B of costs from Hinkley then it may start to have a halfway-competitive price, but it still wouldn't be very attractive.
by tbmtbmtbmtbmtbm | 2026-02-04 01:08:15+00:00
what an odd article. I had to do a sanity check and make sure that the ARC line wasn't a fever dream I had. They released their first GPU in 2022 and have been updating it yearly since then. I guess this is just an announcement that they're manufacturing them now to compete in the AI space

> the company plans to build graphics processing units (GPUs), the category of chip popularized by Nvidia

...I guess that's technically true
by bunderbunder | 2026-02-04 01:08:29+00:00
Going to Mars is not a serious goal.

We can tell because it’s not being treated as a serious goal. 100% of the focus is on the big vroom vroom part that’s really exciting to kids who get particularly excited by things that go vroom, and approximately 0% of the focus is on developing all the less glamorous but equally essential components of a successful Mars mission, like making sure the crew stays healthy.
by CamperBob2 | 2026-02-04 01:08:34+00:00
https://xcancel.com/paulg/status/2009704615508586811#m for those who don't partake.

I liked one comment someone made: if it's just about dodging regulation, then put the data centers on container ships. At any given time, there are thousands of them sailing in international waters, and I'm sure their operators would love to gain that business.

That being said, space would be a good place to move heat around with Peltier elements. A lot of the criticisms revolve around the substantial amount of coolant plumbing that will be needed, but that may not necessarily be what SpaceX has in mind.
by okanat | 2026-02-04 01:08:46+00:00
Eurocheque existed for a long while for Europe: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocheque . But yes, trusting the US economic and political partnership and also choosing the cheaper option, the European banks eventually decided to not do the legwork of establishing a (global) payment network and settled on American Visa and Mastercard networks.
by bigstrat2003 | 2026-02-04 01:09:07+00:00
Honestly, as someone who strongly believes in federalism and hates what our country turned into over the 20th century, I hope the trend continues. The federal government was never meant to have as much power as it took on during the FDR administration, and it's high time we reversed some of the affronts to the Constitution that happened back then. Hopefully things like this can be the first step.
by rybosworld | 2026-02-04 01:09:34+00:00
It seems like every argument in favor of doing this is: "yeah sure but what if X was Y% cheaper?"

And some of us are reading these things and trying to be polite.

But at some point patience runs thin and the only response that breaks through the irrationality is some variation of "what if unicorns and centaurs had teamed up with Sauron?"

The limit of the ratio of useful:useless "what if's" approaches zero.
by raw_anon_1111 | 2026-02-04 01:09:50+00:00
The purpose of VC’s were never to fund companies until they become profitable, it’s the find the “bigger fool”.

Occasionally it’s the public market…

https://medium.com/@Arakunrin/the-post-ipo-performance-of-y-...

Most often for successful exits, it’s to get acquired and shut down the original product with a “Our Amazing Journey” blog post.
by vkou | 2026-02-04 01:09:59+00:00
> executive orders are toothless against the states and they all know it.

And judicial orders are toothless against the federal government... And the states can't lift a finger against any deployment of federal power against them, whether it's legal or not.

What recourse will a swing state in November have against ICE goons being deployed to do Kavanaugh arrests in voter lines?
by owlstuffing | 2026-02-04 01:10:22+00:00
Right... But Go is exclusively structurally typed, whereas Java with the manifold compiler plugin complements the type system's nominal foundation -- a class can still implement a structural interface nominally. Doing so enforces intention and helps both people and tooling comprehend code faster and more efficiently. But the general idea is to use an interface structurally where it otherwise can't be used nominally or doing so is more complicated.
by nebula8804 | 2026-02-04 01:10:56+00:00
Really garbage administration they have in NY. Hochul and a lot of her ilk have done things like block right to repair after years of activists trying to get it passed.

The way it worked was as follows:

1. Local groups push to get right to repair passed

2. Fails repeatedly for years

3. They finally get it past the houses and onto the governor's desk

4. Governor gets a visit from a 'unknown' (hint likely Apple) lobbyist, refuses to sign even though they have to

5. They wait until the very last second and then adds last minute 'amendments' neutering the bill.

6. Their sycophants then try to shut down any discussion on Reddit/other social platforms from anyone who criticizes the bill.

[1]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Fair_Repair_Act

They are going to keep doing this crap, the government needs to be voted out but just like NJ, NY is captured by really corrupt 'neoliberal' Democrats so its an uphill battle to get someone better in there. The incentives are not there: In NJ and most of NY the economic base is the wealthy suburbanites who like the way things are and will fight efforts to make radical change. That results in a lot of 'think of the children' type people who would welcome any and all bans on things like 3D printing of guns.
by jeffkumar | 2026-02-04 01:11:01+00:00
I disagree. I think that DHH proved that is not the case with the AWS bill. They saved millions by getting off of it. As software is now 10x cheaper to create, it's going to really wipe enterprise value away from the incumbents. There's going to be companies in the middle where they are fed up with their bills and they innovate in house and get ahead building solutions that are even closer to what they want. Thankfully, this is good for the software market and gives jobs to all those who were laid off at the big tech companies. At least, that's my hope.
by gedbnfnc | 2026-02-04 01:11:29+00:00
This is a standard feature in every IDE that’s ever been invented. It’s not useful for every workflow, but there’s lots of times that you’re doing something where the console or the debugger is not available or isn’t convenient and being able to have a terminal right there is so useful. If it doesn’t make sense for your workflow, then don’t bring it up, but given how many developers expect us as table stakes it’s a deeply baffling omission.
by Georgeee | 2026-02-04 01:11:32+00:00
Location: Sofia, Bulgaria

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: Open to opportunities worldwide

Technologies:

Languages: Python, SQL, JavaScript (Node.js)

Data Analysis & Visualization: Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, SQLAlchemy, ipywidgets, Power BI, Excel, XML, Regex

AI/ML & Computer Vision: PyTorch, Scikit-learn (DBSCAN), OpenCV, DeepFace, HuggingFace Transformers, Sentence-Transformers, LLMs (Ollama), MiniLM, MPNet, ClawdBot, OpenAI, Claude, Gemini, Mistral, DeepSeek

Résumé/CV: https://www.linkedin.com/in/georgi-dimitrov-9187031bb/

Email: georgi.raddim@gmail.com
by rikolinks | 2026-02-04 01:11:32+00:00
For anyone who has ever tried to align their legal documentation (Privacy Policy, ToS, Cookie Policy) with the actual technical reality of their website, you know the pain. Legal teams often work from generic templates, while engineering teams deploy third-party trackers and services that instantly make those documents obsolete or inaccurate.

Existing solutions are either expensive legal counsel (slow, manual) or generic online generators (fast, but technically blind).

NineNorms is an MVP built to bridge this gap. It works by:

1. *Technical Scan:* We perform a non-invasive scan of your public-facing URL to identify your tech stack, cookies, forms, and third-party services (analytics, payment, marketing).
2. *Draft Generation:* Using this technical data, we feed it into an LLM-powered engine to generate a draft legal document (Privacy Policy, ToS, etc.) that is specifically tailored to the detected data practices. We use templates aligned with the principles of frameworks like GDPR and CCPA.

*What NineNorms explicitly does not do:*

* We do not provide legal advice or guarantee compliance.
* We do not certify your business or claim regulator approval.
* The generated output is a draft that *must* be reviewed by qualified legal counsel before use.

We are looking for skeptical feedback from the HN community, particularly on the accuracy of the technical scanning and the structure of the generated drafts. We know the limitations are significant, but we believe this approach is a necessary step toward making compliance preparation more transparent and data-driven.
by arjie | 2026-02-04 01:12:43+00:00
That's awfully kind of you to say! I added a section to the Main Page listing a couple of ones that people have mentioned to me before, though it's a bit of a cluttered page so I doubt it works as it stands.

A few things I think of more frequently than they affect my life are:

* https://wiki.roshangeorge.dev/w/Abolish_The_First_Lady - arguing that the FLOTUS role shouldn't exist

* https://wiki.roshangeorge.dev/w/Upward_Mobility,_Downward_So... - perhaps a less original idea that economic mobility leads to poorly performing lower-paying services.

* https://wiki.roshangeorge.dev/w/Blog/2026-01-17/Citogenesis - an example of one way that factoids get upgraded to facts
by margalabargala | 2026-02-04 01:13:20+00:00
"More area" isn't "better". We're measuring by different yardsticks.

How widespread the manufacturer allows their software's use, is not the same thing as how good it is.

Sure, FSD works everywhere. But SuperCruise has zero crashes caused with 700 million miles driven. There are youtube channels dedicated to all the Tesla FSD crashes.
by krisoft | 2026-02-04 01:15:15+00:00
There are two different kind of “prediction” mixed up here.

The thing which was easy to predict is that Trump is going to continue his trade war against China. It is also easy to predict that in a trade war companies who manufacture some product in China and sell it in the USA will suffer.

That prediction is enough for one to stay out of that kind of business. But it is not enough to do trades and profit from it.

If you could predict that Trump is going to announce x tarrifs on y tomorrow at z time that is much more likely to lead to succesfull trades. That is hard to predict.
by munificent | 2026-02-04 01:15:59+00:00
Trump in 1987 in a full page ad in the New York Times: "It's time for us to end our vast deficits by making Japan, and others who can afford it, pay. Our world protection is worth hundreds of billions of dollars to these countries, and their stake in their protection is far greater than ours. ... Tax these wealthy nations, not America. End our huge deficits, reduce our taxes, and let America's economy grow unencumbered by the cost of defending those who can easily afford to pay us for the defense of their freedom. Let's not let our great country be laughed at anymore."

Trump in 1989 talking to Diane Sawyer: "he would impose a 15% to 20% tariff on Japanese imports".

Trump in 2011 in his book "Time to Get Tough: Making America #1 Again": "I want foreign countries to finally start forking over cash in order to have access to our markets. So here’s the deal: any foreign country shipping goods into the United States pays a 20 percent tax. If they want a piece of the American market, they’re going to pay for it. No more free admission into the biggest show in town — and that especially includes China."

Trump at a rally in Vegas in 2011, referring to China: "Listen, you motherfuckers, we’re going to tax you 25%!"

Trump in 2018: If the Europeans are "not going to treat us fairly... then we're going to tax all those beautiful Mercedes-Benzes that are coming in."

Anyone who didn't think tariffs were coming is a fucking moron.
by DonHopkins | 2026-02-04 01:16:00+00:00
Did you ever play The Prisoner? Where you go to the psychiatrist and he asks you all these questions, then the BASIC program crashes and prints an error message like "SYNTAX ERROR IN LINE ####" and beeps, leaving you at the "]" prompt?

But it's really an AppleSoft Basic Prompt Simulation to see how you will deal with the program crashing, judging you on if you go "CONT" or "NEW" or "RUN" or "CATALOG" or "LIST ####"!

What I didn't realize until I just looked it up now:

>In Prisoner 2 (the 1982 remake of the original), the game intentionally simulates a crash by showing a “Syntax error in line ###” message where the line number is actually your secret resignation code. The idea is that you might try to inspect or debug that line and type in the code, thereby revealing it — which is a loss condition because the game’s entire goal is to not give that number up.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Prisoner_(video_game)

>The game occasionally breaks the fourth wall by acknowledging that a game is being played.

It sure does!
by anigbrowl | 2026-02-04 01:16:02+00:00
Elon Musk has his own planes, he would not have needed a ride had Epstein invited him. Recently released emails also show people (like commerce secretary Howard Lutnick, who asserted at great length last year that he hadn't had any contact with Epstein since meeting him in 2005) arranging to visit Epstein at his island and taking their own yacht over there.
by zozbot234 | 2026-02-04 01:17:27+00:00
RNN training cannot be parallelized along the sequence dimension like attention can, but it can still be trained in batches on multiple sequences simultaneously. Given the sizes of modern training sets and the limits on context size for transformer-based models, it's not clear to what extent this is an important limitation nowadays. It may have been more relevant in the early days of attention-based models where being able to do experimental training runs quickly on relatively small sizes of training data may have been important.
by bigstrat2003 | 2026-02-04 01:17:34+00:00
Big tech businesses are convinced that there must be some profitable business model for AI, and are undeterred by the fact that none has yet been found. They want to be the first to get there, raking in that sweet sweet money (even though there's no evidence yet that there is money to be made here). It's industry-wide FOMO, nothing more.
Ask HN: Too many skills, how do you pick?
by xinbenlv | 2026-02-04 01:18:12+00:00
Hi HN,

I'm looking to use Claude Code to build something—specifically, a tool that generates illustrations for finished articles using its 'Skills' feature.

However, as I started searching for existing skills, I found myself overwhelmed by the sheer volume of options.

I'm struggling with how to vet them: I certainly don't want to reinvent the wheel, but the quality of what's out there is inconsistent, and I'm concerned about potential security risks.

How do you go about selecting and vetting the skills you use?
by chrisjj | 2026-02-04 01:18:38+00:00
> When you undress a child with AI,

I guess you mean pasting a naked body on a photo of a child.

> especially publicly on Twitter or privately through DM, that child is abused using the material the AI generated.

In which country is that?

Here in UK, I've never heard of anyone jailed for doing that. Whereas many are for making real child sexual abuse material.
by space_fountain | 2026-02-04 01:18:48+00:00
It's like this. Everything about operating a datacenter in space is more difficult than it is to operate one on earth.

1. The capital costs are higher, you have to expend tons of energy to put it into orbit

2. The maintenance costs are higher because the lifetime of satellites is pretty low

3. Refurbishment is next to impossible

4. Networking is harder, either you are ok with a relatively small datacenter or you have to deal with radio or laser links between satellites

For starlink this isn't as important. Starlink provides something that can't really be provided any other way, but even so just the US uses 176 terawatt-hours of power for data centers so starlink is 1/400th of that assuming your estimate is accurate (and I'm not sure it is, does it account for the night cycle?)
by DaedalusII | 2026-02-04 01:18:52+00:00
it could be easier just to build in orbit. its a lot closer, sites can be positioned above various geographic locations as required.

i think the moon likely does contain vast mineral deposits though. when europeans first started exploring australia they found mineral anomalies that havent existed in europe since the bronze age.

the Pilbara mining region is very cool. it contains something like 25% of the iron ore on earth, and it is mostly mined using 100% remote controlled robots and a custom built 1000 mile rail network that runs 200-300 wagon trains, mostly fully automated. it is the closest thing to factorio in real life. 760,100 tonnes a year of iron ore mined out and shipped to China.
by Rychard | 2026-02-04 01:19:21+00:00
The lights are indeed outdoor, and cover most of my backyard. It's a neighborhood within a major metropolitan area, but the light doesn't bleed beyond my property lines.

As for the "why", the answer is security. If someone attempts to hide in my yard, they'll find it quite difficult to remain unseen.

Most of my neighbors have floodlights of their own (though mine are easily the brightest), and I've gotten no complaints in the years I've had them. If any of my neighbors voiced concerns about them, I would try to work with them to find a solution. I have to live next to them, so it only makes sense to stay on good terms.
by spongebobstoes | 2026-02-04 01:19:52+00:00
by my calculations, the heat dissipation isn't that big a deal

take an h100 for example. it will need something like 1kW to operate. that's less than 4 square meters of solar panel

at 70C, a reasonable temp for H100, a 4 square meter radiator can emit north of 2kW of energy into deep space

seems to me like a 2x2x2 cube could house an H100 in space

perhaps I'm missing something?
by leetbulb | 2026-02-04 01:20:06+00:00
Or just don't throw rocks from a bridge, at all. /s

Who's at fault when: Your CloowdBot reads an angry email that you sent about how much you hate Person X and jokingly hope AI takes care of them, only for it to orchestrate such a plan.

How about when your CloowdBot convinces someone else's AI to orchestrate it?

Etc
by sfink | 2026-02-04 01:21:03+00:00
> Cooling can be significantly improved due to lower launch costs, heat piping, RTGs, TEGs, and thermoradiative cells, not to mention sunside solar and darkside inline radiators

You're saying they're going to steal the night? We'll see the sun in the day, radiative cooling for surveillance AI in the time formerly known as night?

I'll confess that the numbers aren't nearly as bad as I'd thought. Apparently, you can dissipate 1MW at 100°C with a 17m diameter sphere at night. So it's like the size of a small house. It doesn't even glow. On the other hand, you need a lot of temperature differential to move the heat out fast enough, which means your TPUs are going to be hellishly hot.

Though you'd probably only run it when it's in the sun and radiate in other directions, so you don't have to store the power in heavy batteries. You need a 56m diameter disk of solar panels to provide 1MW, don't forget that.

(All figures were vibe calculated with Claude and are unchecked.)
by no_wizard | 2026-02-04 01:22:01+00:00
The fear is the loss of safe guards and independence of the Federal Reserve. Trump is actively trying to remove safe guards and independence that would allow the Federal Reserve to counteract anything like this. If for instance Trump wants to hold interest rates low regardless of what anyone is telling him, he wants that power[0][1].

The upcoming Supreme Court case Trump v. Cook is about this very issue[2]

[0]: https://www.cnn.com/2026/01/29/economy/federal-reserve-indep...

[1]: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/why-the-federal-reserves...

[2]: https://hls.harvard.edu/today/will-the-federal-reserve-remai...
by caseysoftware | 2026-02-04 01:22:29+00:00
This is an interesting one..

Negotiating treaties is the exclusive authority of POTUS but approving them is the US Senate's job.

"Committing to work together" is probably vague enough that it's not meaningful but "signed an economic partnership" with a foreign ambassador is pretty explicit.

I wonder how they're going to make this one work.
by mothballed | 2026-02-04 01:23:19+00:00
Yes but the quiet part out loud is that rewinding FDR unwinds the 'switch in time that saved 9' which reverse the SCOTUS decisions that ultimately allow the EPA, most applications of the NFA/GCA (gun control), civil rights act as it pertain to intrastate business, controlled substance act as it pertains to intrastate trade, most functions of regulatory agencies, etc.

So while your comment might be acceptable on face, if you actually explain what it means you will be damned for it.
by pas | 2026-02-04 01:23:42+00:00
Yes, but you need energy to pump heat, and that has an efficiency maximum (thx ~~Obama~~ Carnot), and radiative cooling scales with the ~4th power of the temperature, so it has to be really hot, and so it requires a lot of energy to "cool down" the already relatively cool side and use that "heat" to heat up the other side that's a thousand degree hotter.

All in all, the cooling system would likely consume more energy than the compute parts.
by parl_match | 2026-02-04 01:23:49+00:00
yes. it is how sats currently handle this. its actually exponentially effective too P = E S A T^4

requires a lot of weight (cooling fluid). requires a lot of materials science (dont want to burn out radiator). requires a lot of moving parts (sun shutters if your orbit ever faces the sun - radiator is going to be both ways).

so that sounds all well and good (wow! 4th power efficiency!) but it's still insanely expensive and if your radiator solution fucks up in any way (in famously easy to service environment space) then your entire investment is toast

now i havent run the math on cost or what elon thinks the cost is, but my extremely favorable back of hand math suggests he's full of it
by thaianhsoft | 2026-02-04 01:23:56+00:00
Thank you gus_massa for the warm welcome and the links. I appreciate the advice from Argentina. sorry I have missing on clicky link. t's not just for DBs, it's a full IaC SDK for AWS/K8s using React-like hooks. I have demo iac here and past work: https://vimeo.com/1141575744. Thanks you