MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by sriram_iyengar | 2026-02-24 06:02:43+00:00
: https://lnkd.in/g54QWaAz (easily self-hosted via Docker)
: https://lnkd.in/gsh6nR_m (free tier, so may be slow to wake up)
---
:
- 23 real past papers : Feb/Mar sessions from 2021 to 2025, covering every question type students will encounter.
- Full virtual bench : choose glassware, add reagents, heat, stir, filter, and weigh, with realistic colour changes and gas observations.
- Live reaction feedback : the lab responds to what you do: indicators change colour at the endpoint, precipitates form, gases are identified.
- Measurement precision hints : get nudged when a burette reading isn't to 0.05 cm³ or a balance reading isn't to 0.01 g.
- Per-question answer boxes : type written answers alongside each question part, mirroring the Cambridge answer booklet layout. Add results tables and scatter graphs directly within each answer box.
- Free Lab mode : experiment without a set paper; great for exploring reactions and building intuition.
- Automated marking : a built-in rubric engine scores every section against the Cambridge mark scheme and gives criterion-by-criterion feedback.
- PDF report export : download a formatted report of your session including observations, answers, and scores.
Multilingual UI : switch between English, Tamil, Hindi, Spanish, and Chinese.
Works offline : your session is saved automatically; nothing is lost on refresh.
---
The app is still in alpha and some outputs may not be accurate.
But, sharing it anyway because something like this could genuinely help students across the world. Education for all.
Contributors are welcome to add reactions, papers, and features to make it closer to a real lab.
by rfv6723 | 2026-02-24 06:03:24+00:00
Dismissing "objective probability" is a convenient philosophical retreat that strips Polymarket of its only legitimate function. If the market isn’t an attempt to aggregate information toward a binary, external "ground truth," then it isn't a forecasting tool—it’s a "Keynesian Beauty Contest" where people bet on what they think others believe rather than what will actually happen.

Without an objective anchor to measure against, concepts like "mispricing" or "alpha" become logically impossible; you cannot have a "wrong" price if you don't believe a "right" probability exists. If we accept that the market signal is just a reflection of whale liquidity and "Persian bribes" rather than a calculated proximity to reality, then the platform is merely a math-washed gambling hall. Ultimately, a prediction market that abandons the pursuit of objective truth loses its epistemic utility and its entire reason to exist.
by Alexpinkone | 2026-02-24 06:04:56+00:00
Hey HN — builder here.

I kept watching AI agents ship with no enforcement layer. They write files, run shell commands, call APIs, process external content — and if a jailbreak is hidden in that content, it just goes through.

CORD intercepts every proposed action before execution. Hard violations (behavioral extortion, jailbreaks, constitutional bypass) skip scoring entirely — instant block, no appeal. Everything else gets a weighted score, a plain English explanation, and a hash-chained audit log entry.

Built two implementations — Python (cord-engine on PyPI) and JavaScript (just pushed cord-engine@3.0.2 to npm tonight). Two lines to wrap your existing OpenAI or Anthropic client.

Real numbers from running CORD on its own agent builds tonight: 44 evaluations, 27% block rate, 8 hard blocks — behavioral extortion, jailbreak attempts, constitutional override attempts. All stopped before execution.

Dashboard: npm run dashboard → live decision feed, block rate ring, hard block alerts.

Happy to go deep on the constitutional architecture, the hard-block design, or the LEGION multi-model orchestration layer that runs on top of this. Ask me anything.
by aurareturn | 2026-02-24 06:05:35+00:00
I know it must be obvious but this proves to me that biological intelligence hasn't nearly reached its peak. If we select for pure intelligence, biological brains can get much smarter. Imagine if we had 5 million geniuses as smart or smarter than Tao doing quantum physics. But life doesn't select for pure intelligence, it selects for survival.

In the Dune books, they banned computers so they bred super mentally capable humans.
by vintermann | 2026-02-24 06:06:01+00:00
> The Norse were farmers, they needed farmland and a little bit of forest for wood and hunting. The Sami were reindeer herders, they needed tundra.

This is a common stereotype, but it's simply not accurate. Intensive reindeer herding didn't become a thing until the major predators and the wild reindeer were wiped out. Sami lived very similarly to the Norse - a bit more semi-nomadic, and a bit more adapted to use marginal land maybe, but they held sheep, fished and farmed just like their neighbors. And once intensive reindeer herding took off in the 17th-18th century, still it was a minority who lived from that.
by vinyl7 | 2026-02-24 06:07:01+00:00
Taxing the rich means that there are fewer people with absurd money, which means businesses won't have many customers at such high prices. It's like McDonalds charging $5 for a quarter of a potato. They're hoping that the lost sales from the poors at such a high price is made up by fewer high priced purchases by the rich.

If even the rich couldn't or didnt want to afford $5 quarter potatoes then they'd have to lower the price
by silisili | 2026-02-24 06:07:01+00:00
I have so many thoughts on this from my own life experience. Latchkey kid, YMMV.

When I was a child, it was normal for neighborhood moms who didn't work to just watch kids for favors or a nominal fee. My memories are fuzzy, but I seem to mostly remember watching daytime TV soaps and eating PBJs probably more often than a child should.

Now that I'm older, I'm flabbergasted by regulations and costs for simple daycare. I've met numerous people who spend more on childcare than they make in a month. Not to sound trad anything, but that just doesn't make any financial sense to me.

I've no idea what the solution is. NM recently announced free child care, interested to see how that plays out. For everyone else... there's gotta be a saner solution.
by casey2 | 2026-02-24 06:07:01+00:00
Most families are in poverty with regards to childcare, they just don't realize it.

Sure you could keep a child alive on less, but to "raise" one involves a host of social social capital, enrichment, and cultural integration. Child care is ridiculously expensive because most attention is captured by frivolities (and companies abusing child labor).

Say you spend 10K a year on food, school supplies and some sport, unless your child becomes a scholar or athlete you have failed to raise them. You might have prevented obesity and built some amount of discipline, but you've prevented them from making connections outside school/sports. Do you think hiring a nanny would, over time, go most of the way towards raising your children? If so then $400,000 isn't ridiculous, if not then shouldn't it be higher?

Unfortunately more than 99% of children in America are chronically undervalued, parents have overly cynical beliefs about their children starting from ages even earlier than 4. By the time a child sees any real investment they are likely to just give it straight to the mag7
by beagle3 | 2026-02-24 06:07:26+00:00
Code you can’t just throw away is a liability because you have to keep supporting it / servicing it. Claude Code and friends also change that part of the cost equation:

You might not get gcc/llvm level optimization from a newly built compiler - but if you had a home-built one, which took $15,000/month engineer to support (for years!) you can now get a new one for $20,000 every 3 months, for a 50% cost saving, each time changing your requirements (which you couldn’t do before).

Code used to be a liability, like a car or an apartment for the average person. Now it’s a liability, like a car or apartment for Bill Gates.
by fenix1851 | 2026-02-24 06:07:38+00:00
I think this thing you mentioned is more about reverse-engineering web-search tool call to understand how model formulate their response.

The tool i’ve didn’t see - “custdevs for agents”. So we can simulate choosing process for them in thousands of different scenarios. And then compare how tasty product looks for Claude or Gemini or any other LLM

Correct me if i’m wrong :)
by simoncion | 2026-02-24 06:07:47+00:00
> age verification is already being rolled out...

So was "REAL ID", and that took ~fifteen years to bring all the holdouts to heel. It wasn't till the start of the COVID disaster that FedGov could make compliance a condition of receiving enough essential Federal funds to force the remaining objectors to comply.

Compliance with bad plans is not automatically mandatory.

> what more do you want me to say?

It'd be great if you'd stop accepting the premise of authoritarians and reject the publicly-stated premise that motivates these systems. While it may not be clear to folks at the moment, they are no less bad than the systems that help -say- Texas law enforcement track down Texan women and doctors who are in violation of the Texas abortion ban.

I don't give a shit if you say that you do stop accepting the publicly-stated premise. [0] I just hope that one day in the not too distant future you do.

[0] I would -in fact- not believe you if you said you did in reply to this comment.
by timcambrant | 2026-02-24 06:08:15+00:00
It is both subsidized and cheaper but that word sort of implies parents (and especially non-parents) may be worse off in the end, which I think is an unfortunate way of thinking about these subsidies.

Given the cost of health and life insurance, unemployment insurance, paid vacation (4-6 weeks generally), healthcare (I once paid $32 for 5 weeks hospital care), paid parental leave, childcare, school and university, I am confident this more than makes up for the higher taxes. I believe people are calmer when the risk of living is low. No broken leg or depression will set us back financially, and if we have a few too many kids they can all go to college even if we don't earn much. And both parents can work (70% at least) while their kids go to daycare. This is at least an extra 5 years of salary compared to supporting a stay-at-home parent.

It might not be charming to brag about all our advantages, but as a European I really want e.g. Americans to know that there is another way. Life doesn't have to be about chasing money until you can afford to live.
by StopDisinfo910 | 2026-02-24 06:10:18+00:00
> their primary purpose is to crack down on the next Just Stop Oil or Palestine Action so for that reason should be opposed.

Could you explain to me how a digital id standard involving a mechanism for zero knowledge proof of identity is supposed to help the government crack down on activists (skipping the fact you are using UK examples for a EU spec)?

Take into account the reality we live in where every communication platform already requires you to provide your phone number and you can't get a phone number without providing an ID the European Union please, not some disconnected threat model.
by Leszek | 2026-02-24 06:11:11+00:00
The complex parts of JavaScript are the semantics, not the syntax. You could reasonably easily spec a bytecode for JS to get rid of the syntax part, but nothing would change in the complexity (almost all modern engines parse to bytecode as the first step and operate on bytecode from then on).

If you wanted to implement JS in wasm, you'd either need a bunch of wasm extensions for JS semantics (dynamic object shape, prototypal inheritance, etc), or you'd need to implement them in wasm from scratch and basically ship a JS runtime written in wasm. Either that, or you need to change the language, which means de facto adding a new language since the old JS still has to stick around for old pages.
by beagle3 | 2026-02-24 06:11:43+00:00
But the amount of pleasing useful art has gone up x1000; If I had a blog, I would now have access to art that would be a perfect fit for my words, whereas 5 years ago, I would have to do with a my own (talent-lacking) doodles.

Would some people prefer no art/illustration to AI generated art? Sure. But even more would prefer no art to my doodles.
by hcs | 2026-02-24 06:12:07+00:00
> The "inability to act" which, as Forrester points out, "provided the incentive" to augment or replace the low-internal-speed human organizations with computers, might in some other historical situation have been an incentive for modifying the task to be accomplished, perhaps doing away with it altogether, or for restructuring the human organizations whose inherent limitations were, after all, seen as the root of the trouble. [...]

> Yes, the computer did arrive "just in time." But in time for what? In time to save--and save very nearly intact, indeed, to entrench and stabilize--social and political structures that might have been either radically renovated or allowed to totter under the demands that were sure to be made on them.

- Joseph Weizenbaum, Computer Power and Human Reason (1976) pp 29-30
by collias | 2026-02-24 06:12:09+00:00
Taxing the rich is not going to solve any of this. It may help some, but it's nothing like the panacea certain people pretend it is.

If we took all the assets from all the billionaires in the US, that total is something like $6-7 trillion if we pretend there's no asset price decrease in the selling of said assets.

Sounds like a lot, but we're nearly $40 trillion in debt. Taxing the rich heavily won't solve a spending problem.

The federal government specifically, and the admin class in general was a lot smaller during our parents' era.
by robin_reala | 2026-02-24 06:12:21+00:00
If you’re interested in watching some sumo, NHK put up English-commentated 30 minute ad-free round-up videos on YouTube for each day of each fifteen-day-long basho. They take each video down after a week or so, so you need to be watching at the time. The next basho is held in Ōsaka and starts March 8th (see https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/sumo/basho-schedule/).
by cryptonector | 2026-02-24 06:13:08+00:00
> Here's what I mean by "good code":

> [...]

> - It’s simple and minimal - it does only what’s needed, in a way that both humans and machines can understand now and maintain in the future.

But do the humans need to actually understand the code? A "yes" means the bottleneck is understanding (code review, code inspection). A "no" means you can go faster, but at some risk.
by eesmith | 2026-02-24 06:13:30+00:00
I know you were speaking tongue-in-cheek.

Esperanto has native speakers. Shatner is not one of them.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Esperanto_speakers

> Native Esperanto speakers (Esperanto: denaskuloj [denasˈkuloi̯] or denaskaj esperantistoj [deˈnaskai̯ esperanˈtistoi̯]) are people who have acquired Esperanto as one of their native languages. As of 1996, there were 350 or so attested cases of families with native Esperanto speakers.[1][2] Estimates from associations indicate that there were around 1,000 Esperanto-speaking families, involving perhaps 2,000 children in 2004. ...

> some families have passed Esperanto on to their children over several generations.
by foltik | 2026-02-24 06:13:45+00:00
Whether you like it or not, addiction is most commonly used as a general term to refer to any sort of compulsive behavior that acts against one's own self interest. Not your strawman of "anything that people might have an emotional or psychological motivation to participate in."

There are plenty of perfectly valid parallels between addiction to alcohol, gambling, porn, social media, junk food, etc. Are you denying that?

You can't just declare anyone comparing them to be disingenuous or disrespectful to those who are addicted. In fact what really seems disingenuous is the huge volume of this kind of pedantry in the thread by you and the same few accounts. Feels like misdirection away from the actual discussion about how to truly mitigate these addictions. Would appreciate your actual thoughts on this.
by hanxpalz | 2026-02-24 06:14:02+00:00
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https://www.morningstar.com/news/accesswire/1138075msn/lipov...
by geocar | 2026-02-24 06:14:07+00:00
> If you're gonna make a website for your programming language, you NEED to put an example of the language front and center on the landing page.

Did you consider the possibility that this sort of thing was done to avoid wasting time with non-experts who think an "example" of a language they don't know is enough to make comments about?

> I still have not seen a line of TAL

My suggestion: Start with the "Papers" and then look at the paper that introduces TAL. It has an example program with analysis
by Baeocystin | 2026-02-24 06:14:16+00:00
Completely arrested? I don't. But it appears to be arrested in ways that matter for mental acuity, for now. I've taken care of a parent with Alzheimer's, and helped several other caregivers over the years with their own family's journeys, and one thing I can tell you is that I have never, ever seen an actual halting of the progression for this long. The descent is usually a stairstep pattern, but the steps are on the matter of weeks to a month or two. My friend has been stable for a year.

This is all new. There is research hinting at Alzheimer's subtypes, some of which are more likely to respond than others. Even halting the decline is a huge potential breakthrough.
by retsibsi | 2026-02-24 06:15:01+00:00
This is downvoted, perhaps as a 'lazy dismissal'? But I read the SciAm article and I don't think it actually explained this point.

The finding seems to be that the bouba-kiki effect is not specific to humans and does not depend on experience. And the previously-existing theory is presented like so:

> scientists have considered [the bouba-kiki effect] a clue to the origin of language, theorizing that maybe our ancestors built their first words upon these instinctive associations between sound and meaning.

The finding is supposed to undermine, or at least challenge, the theory. But why? Is the point just that, if other species also have the bouba-kiki effect but do not have language, the bouba-kiki effect probably doesn't play as important a role as we thought? That seems to be the implication (though the innate/learned distinction also seems to be relevant, and I'm not sure why that is) -- but surely the bouba-kiki effect was never believed to be anything like a sufficient condition for the development of language, was it?
by quietthrow | 2026-02-24 06:15:09+00:00
Genuine curiosity: if you are gifted with a certain “wiring” (genes, brain chemistry etc) why is that considered an accomplishment? Also - We, as a society, tend to celebrate people with “natural didn’t really need to work for” type gifts quite inconsistently - eg A supermodel who is gifted with the gift of looks, beauty etc is also in the same category of “natural” talent but sure doesn’t get the same celebration as a prodigy in maths or science. In both cases the people are fundamentally bestowed with abilities they didn’t really have to work extremely hard to acquire but are perhaps looked at differently. What’s kind of psychology is at play here? Would love to understand how we tend to interpret such things and then form beliefs.

I realize and acknowledge both sets had talents and the spent thier time doing something with it to produce something extraordinary but we seem to tend to overlook the massive head start they also had. Why so?

(Totally understandable if you feel like downvoting but I would ask you to articulate and share the cord it struck with you if you down vote)
by akiselev | 2026-02-24 06:15:29+00:00
Totally agreed. I’ve been reverse engineering Altium’s file format to enable agents to vibe-engineer electronics and though I’m on my third from scratch rewrite in as many weeks, each iteration improves significantly in quality as the previous version helps me to explore the problem space and instruct the agent on how to do red/green development [1]. Each iteration is tens of thousands of lines of code which would have been impossible to write so fast before so it’s been quite a change in perspective, treating so much code as throw away experimentation.

I’m using a combination of 100s of megabytes of Ghidra decompiled delphi DLLs and millions of lines of decompiled C# code to do this reverse engineering. I can’t imagine even trying such a large project for LLMs so while a good implementation is still taking a lot of time, it’s definitely a lot cheaper than before.

[1] I saw your red/green TDD article/book chapter and I don’t think you go far enough. Since we have agents, you can generalize red/green development to a lot of things that would be impractical to implement in tests. For example I have agents analyze binary diffs of the file format to figure out where my implementation is incorrect without being bogged down by irrelevant details like the order or encoding of parameters. This guides the agent loop instead of tests.
by hilbert42 | 2026-02-24 06:16:01+00:00
"This is a failure of regulation,"

Despite my comments I cannot agree more. When it comes to IT, computers and the internet governments have failed abysmally to protect consumers from exploitation, both online and otherwise.

I've been in tech since the IBM-360 and the 4004 uP days and I am still staggered by what's happened—how governments have deserted their citizens and sided with Big Tech. To me, what has happened is the biggest failure of democracy in my lifetime.

It would take a book for me to expand that further. Suffice to say when governments abrogate their primary responsibility of protecting their citizens then it's everyone for themselves—there is no other practical option.

By now, the evidence is clear that people have to protect themselves as they're not going to be helped by governments.

The bitterness in my original post comes from the fact that it is now 49 years since the launch of the first truly consumer IT products such as Tandy's TRS-80 and Apple's Apple-II in 1977—that's one year shy of half century and there's still stuff-all regulation to protect consumers.

We perhaps can forgive the fact that regulation is a 'cuss' word—a profanity—in the US but when it comes to computer tech the 'regulations' deficit is worldwide. Up until 2000—nearly a quarter century after computers had become popular—govermnents could be forgiven for not regulating tech but by then it was already abundantly clear regulations were needed.

For instance, the three-year long US antitrust proceedings† against Microsoft which commenced in 1998 resulted in little more than a slap over the wrists with a feather for Microsoft. The world watched this case with interest and essentially nothing happened to protect consumers. Despite at the time it being patently obvious consumer protection was needed over a quarter century later they're still not forthcoming (except at the very margins).

That said, the rich and powerful had no trouble getting laws to protect themselves—witness the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. That tells you who is in charge and actually running the country.

The Citizenry isn't doing itself any favors by sitting on its hands doing SFA. We need citizens in the streets demanding that governments enact laws to protect consumers' privacy, and from exploitation, etc.—laws that not only effectively penalize corporations and their shareholders but also target those within the corporations who set corporate policy (we will never get to the root of these problems whilst those responsible are able to hide behind corporate walls).

Those who are not old enough to remember the anti-Vietnam war rallies of the late 1960s ought to take note. When millions take to the streets legislators move very quickly to change things (check YouTube for videos from those times/1968-72).

† https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Microsoft_Cor...