MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by LucaHerakles | 2026-02-04 08:36:14+00:00
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Ask HN: How to read out loud articles with equations and code?
by kqr | 2026-02-04 08:37:17+00:00
I have been toying with the idea of converting my blog posts to audio by reading them out loud. The primary purpose of this would be to practice my English-as-a-second-language, but also there's a chance someone might like to learn from the articles that way instead of reading.

(My inspiration here is The Economist, which publishes high-quality audio recordings of their articles. Their voice actors do a great job. I want to learn how to do that too!)

Unlike the newspaper, my articles often contain code, plots, tables and/or equations, which can't really be read out loud verbatim. I'm out of role models here. Who are some people who read technical stuff out loud and do a good job of it? How do they solve the equations-and-code problem?

I get that podcasting is a completely different format from written articles, so this question might have no answer at all. Or the answer might be "write a separate script to be read that elides many of the technical details" which is beyond what I can take time to do.

Here's a recent example containing plots, graphs, equations, and code: https://entropicthoughts.com/nvidia-stock-crash-prediction
by exodust | 2026-02-04 08:37:38+00:00
All because "AI nudes"? Seems heavy-handed, almost like the controversy over naughty images has received a state-sponsored outrage boost for other reasons.

"Shocking Grok images"... really? It's AI. We know AI can make any image. The images are nothing but fake digital paintings that lose all integrity as quickly as they're generated.

Beyond comedic kicks for teenage boys, they're inconsequential for everyone else. But nevermind that, hand me a pitchfork and pre-fabricated sign and point me to the nearest anti-Grok protest.
by vladvasiliu | 2026-02-04 08:38:15+00:00
> which puts the RAM sticks in the smack middle of the airflow

They're usually perpendicular to the air flow. Bonus points for there being a beefy ATX connector in front.

So maybe the first stick gets some air, but all the others are hidden behind it and don't get much. I think that's the theory why many heatsinks on ricing sticks tend to have a comb design.
by KempyKolibri | 2026-02-04 08:38:26+00:00
There’s essentially no evidence that the degree of ultraprocessing affects a food’s healthfulness. There are tenuous and broad associations between UPF content of a diet and health outcomes, but these are based on invalidated FFQs for the exposure we’re interested in, and all the subgroup analyses where available suggest this is driven by SSBs and processed meat.

I’m not sure why we’d consider oils, emulsifiers or fortification and indicator of poor health outcomes.

Whole grain cereals are associated with positive health outcomes so I’m not sure why something being a liquid cereal would be a negative.

FWIW I would agree that oat milk is probably an inferior milk to dairy in most aspects except fibre content, but that’s not because of the reasons you gave. And soy milk seems either equal or superior to dairy milk in all outcomes that I’ve seen.
by bambax | 2026-02-04 08:38:53+00:00
This sounds so cool!

> I’m a little puzzled about the balloons’ telemetry messages received on the WSPR network, as they have been few and far between.

But wouldn't there be a way to send messages to Starlink satellites instead of WSPR? Is it a problem of power consumption? (It would be great to be able to transmit images, not just GPS pings).
by imtringued | 2026-02-04 08:39:30+00:00
The vast majority of benefits that can be obtained from scaling a single layer inside a neural network can often be better accomplished by having more layers instead.

Here is an illustrative example: You can write higher order polynomials as a recursive chain of first order polynomials. (Horner's method).

Things like TreeConnect [0] scale better if each TreeConnect layer has a depth of two and you add more TreeConnect layers to compensate the lack of expressivity instead of choosing a higher depth.

Attention pairs every token against every other token. n^10 would mean pairing each token with nine other tokens. The primary benefit of doing this is that you can have a "function" that accepts the interactions of 10 tokens as input to produce a single output, but you already have that if you have a ten layer network. The interactions of two tokens can form a combined token that contains information of both tokens. The network can repeat this ten times to accumulate the desired information into a single super token and then make a decision based on all ten input tokens.

[0] https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8576141
by AngryData | 2026-02-04 08:39:47+00:00
I have seen a couple studies that show having/adding deep red is an important part of LED lighting because deep red penetrates your skin the deepest and is used as a signal to your body that it is receiving light/sun.

Personally if I wanted "daylight" replicated by LEDs I would go for a higher quality white grow light that included deep red LEDs. Just be sure you don't get one that is also outputting in the UV range, although most don't.
by joe_mamba | 2026-02-04 08:39:59+00:00
I'm in the same boat. We have literally pedos and child abusers in the epstein files talking openly about doing despicable things to kids, while authorities are focuses on criminalizing generating images of fake minors that don't exist and that any other LLM platform can do if asked.

Plus, how do you even judge the age of AI generated fake people to say it's CP? Reminds me when UK activists were claiming Grok's Ani avatar was a minor and deserved to be considered CP, when she had massive tits that no kid has. So how much of this is just a political witch-hunt looking for any reason to justify itself?
by theshrike79 | 2026-02-04 08:40:34+00:00
Working with and communicating with offshored teams is a specific skill too.

There are tips and tricks on how to manage them and not knowing them will bite you later on. Like the basic thing of never asking yes or no questions, because in some cultures saying "no" isn't a thing. They'll rather just default to yes and effectively lie than admit failure.
by PunchyHamster | 2026-02-04 08:40:43+00:00
It has been worked out. Just look at how big are ISS radiators and that they dissipate around 100kW then calculate cost of sending all that to space. And by that I mean it would be even more expensive that some of the estimates flying around

While personally I think it's another AI cash grab and he just wants to find some more customers for spacex, other thing is "you can't copyright infringe in space" so it might be perfect place to load that terabytes of stolen copyrighted material to train data sets, if some country suddenly decides corporation stealing copyright content is not okay any more
by throwawayqqq11 | 2026-02-04 08:41:02+00:00
> even as global inequality fell

Real economists would consider separating statistical outliers like china.

> https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03057...

> Without China and India, global interpersonal income inequality in 143 countries was higher in 2015 than in 1988.

> https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/nov/23/china-us-pov...

> The Chinese did rather well in the age of globalization. In 1990, 943 million people there lived on less than $3 a day measured in 2021 dollars – 83% of the population, according to the World Bank. By 2019, the number was brought down to zero. Unfortunately, the United States was not as successful. More than 4 million Americans – 1.25% of the population – must make ends meet with less than $3 a day, more than three times as many as 35 years ago.

> https://wir2022.wid.world/executive-summary/

> Income and wealth inequalities have been on the rise nearly everywhere since the 1980s, following a series of deregulation and liberalization programs which took different forms in different countries. The rise has not been uniform: certain countries have experienced spectacular increases in inequality (including the US, Russia and India) while others (European countries and China) have experienced relatively smaller rises.

This article is deceitful. I dont understand why you get downvotes.
by msejas | 2026-02-04 08:41:02+00:00
I approach this by always asking Opus to send an agent to explore and trace how a pipeline works. Even better if I have an integration test. Once it's fully mapped out I might ask it to dump everything it discovered on a markdown doc, clear the context and start the task. The docs folder keeps the information intact for future development.

Managing context is by far the most important skill to be effective with LLMS, in addition to having already existing clean code on the codebase.

As they read your files, you are one shot training the LLM in how to write code and how you structure it and it will adapt. With clean codebases, I found the LLMs were outputting well documented, well logged, and even tested functions by default because the other files it interacted with were like this, 'it learns'.

Additionally you have to think how they train and evaluate the model, there are so many use cases to cover, I'm pretty sure in the Reinforcement Learning part they are not going in huge long threads, but are actually benchmarking and optimizing from fresh context starts, and you should do that as much as possible in your tasks.
by joe_mamba | 2026-02-04 08:41:35+00:00
>The EU is enabling spending its citizens' money to criticize itself. If this is not a sick situation, I do not know what this is.

It's called freedom of speech. Why is that sick?

EU is also spengin 600 billion/year on NGOs to do pro-EU political activism.

>You count Poland as a poor country? With its economic growth that will overtake UK?

Learn to read, I said "poorest people", not poor country, Poland and eastern europe have a lot more vulnerable people and less generous welfare state to cover you when you can't afford to live anymore. UK is a rich country that also has a lot of poor people, but a more generous welfare state.

>who care about the region as a whole

Nobody cares about the whole region. People living and paying taxes in Spain care about what's happening in Spain, not all the way in Romania or Bulgaria. So Spaniard elect politicians that will do what's best for Spain not what's best for other EU countries. Same for every other EU member. Politicians get elected on how they can improve the lives of the people in that specific country.
by vaylian | 2026-02-04 08:42:24+00:00
> You’re taking a bunch of pre-built abstractions written by other people on top of what the computer is actually doing and plugging them together like LEGOs.

Correct. However, you will probably notice that your solution to the problem doesn't feel right, when the bricks that are available to you, don't compose well. The AI will just happily smash together bricks and at first glance it might seem that the task is done.

Choosing the right abstraction (bricks) is part of finding the right solution. And understanding that choice often requires exploration and contemplation. AI can't give you that.
by benterix | 2026-02-04 08:42:34+00:00
I use Notepad++ as a Notepad replacement. I never understood why the network connectivity is enabled by default at all. The first thing I did was to disable it as the constant nagging interrupted my flow (VS Code would do the same thing BTW). I currently have a version from 2020 I'm very happy with.

If one day, maybe in 10 or 20 years time, I feel Notepad++ lacks something and I decide to upgrade, I will do it myself, I don't need a handy helper.
by m0rc | 2026-02-04 08:43:40+00:00
I think the article has a point. There seem to be two reactions among senior engineers atound me these days.

On one side, there are people who have become a bit more productive. They are certainly not "10x," but they definitely deliver more code. However, I do not observe a substantial difference in the end-to-end delivery of production-ready software. This might be on me and my lack of capacity to exploit the tools to their full extent. But, iterating over customer requirements, CI/CD, peer reviews, and business validation takes time (and time from the most experienced people, not from the AI).

On the other hand, soemtimes I observe a genuine degradation of thinking among some senior engineers (there aren’t many juniors around, by the way). Meetings, requirements, documents, or technology choices seem to be directly copy/pasted from an LLM, without a grain of original thinking, many times without insight.

The AI tools are great though. They give you an answer to the question. But, many times making the correct question, and knowing when the answer is not correct is the main issue.

I wonder if the productivity boost that senior engineers actually need is to profit from the accumulated knowledge found in books. I know it is an old technology and it is not fashionable, but I believe it is mostly unexploited if you consider the whole population of engineers :D
by exodust | 2026-02-04 08:45:29+00:00
I remember when CSAM meant actual children not computer graphics.

Should platforms allow violent AI images? How about "R-Rated" violence like we see in popular movies? Point blank executions, brutal and bloody conflict involving depictions of innocent deaths, torment and suffering... all good? Hollywood says all good, how about you? How far do you take your "unacceptable content" guidance?
by caspar | 2026-02-04 08:45:29+00:00
Not strictly true afaik? If you own the copyright to the entire codebase you can relicense at will to a different license. (that's what CLAs enable among other things)

Not sure whether you'd still be entitled to the source code under the previous license then.. can a copyright owner revoke a previously issued license to the code? Haven't heard of it, but wouldn't surprise me if it's legal.
by spacedcowboy | 2026-02-04 08:45:47+00:00
shrug I don't have customers, or whatevers. I've been using Xcode for over 20 years. In all that time, it's been denigrated and put down as rubbish, meanwhile I've found it to be pretty darn good.

Perhaps I'm doing something wrong, but whatever it is, it works for me. I still don't see any advantage to putting a second-rate (they're never as good as the real thing) terminal into an IDE. Someone mentioned project-specific completions, but I can't say I've ever needed the terminal to do that, and I generally don't run IDE-specific tools (also mentioned) from the terminal either.

Maybe my natural workflow gels better with how Apple envisioned people using the IDE, perhaps I happen to be on the "golden path", but ... again shrug. Works for me.
by muyuu | 2026-02-04 08:46:35+00:00
Frankly it sounds to me like a "show me the man and I'll show you the crime" kind of operation. France and the UK, and judging by yesterday's speech by the PM of Spain maybe the whole EU might be looking to do what China and Russia did earlier on and start cracking down on foreign social media by making it impossible to operate without total alignment with their vision and not just their (new) rules. Together with a push for local alternatives, that currently don't seem to be there, it may spell the end for a big chunk of the Global social network landscape.

I still believe that the EU and aligned countries would rather have America to agree to much tighter speech controls, digital ID, ToS-based speech codes as apparently US Democrats partly or totally agree to. But if they have workable alternatives they will deal with them from a different position.
by saghm | 2026-02-04 08:46:48+00:00
The point is that without semantic knowledge, there's no way of knowing whether the API actually considers it a secret. If you're using the Github API and have it listed as an approved host but the sandbox doesn't predefine which fields are valid or not to include the token, a malicious application could put the placeholder in the body of an API request making a public gist or something, which then gets replaced with the actual secret. In order to avoid this, the sandbox would need some way of enforcing which fields in the API itself are safe. For a widely used API like Github, this might be something built-in, but to support arbitrary APIs people might want to use, there would probably have to be some way of configuring the list of fields that are considered safe manually.

From various other comments in this thread though, it sounds like this is already well-established territory that past tools have explored. It's not super clear to me how much of this is actually implemented for Deno Sandboxes or not though, but I'd hope they took into account the prior art that seems to have already come up with techniques for handling very similar issues.
by aaravriyer193 | 2026-02-04 08:47:20+00:00
Hi HN,

I built NowNoted because I wanted a friction-free place to capture thoughts without the complexity of Notion or the subscription model of other outliners.

It’s a minimalist, recursive note-taking tool designed for "infinite" drilling down into topics.

Key features:

Recursive Structure: Infinite nesting for deep dives.

Distraction-Free: No sidebars or clutter—just the text.

Open Source: You own your data.

Block-Based: Supports rich text, code blocks, and headers contextually.

It's built with Netlify and Html, Tailwind Css

Live Demo: https://nownoted.walnutlabs.in/ Repo: https://github.com/aaravriyer193/NowNoted

I’d love to hear your feedback on the UX and what features you think are missing from the current landscape of "tools for thought."
by aylmao | 2026-02-04 08:47:57+00:00
> All software of comparable size and complexity have shortcomings that everyone learns to work around.

This is part of the issue IMO. Is this size and complexity warranted?

Rust for example; its a complex language, can target pretty much all platforms under the sun, and yet it's configured with just text files, builds with just terminal commands, and works great with any text editor.

I've seen people in big tech work on codebases millions of files big with everything from VSCode to a russian text editor from the 90s. Linus Trovalds is building Linux with MicroEMACS. Why do I need a behemoth like Xcode to build a To Do app? Why does it have to be this "big and complex"?
by thorum | 2026-02-04 08:48:33+00:00
> but the number of problems requiring deep creative solutions feels like it is diminishing rapidly.

If anything, we have more intractable problems needing deep creative solutions than ever before. People are dying as I write this. We’ve got mass displacement, poverty, polarization in politics. The education and healthcare systems are broken. Climate change marches on. Not to mention the social consequences of new technologies like AI (including the ones discussed in this post) that frankly no one knows what to do about.

The solution is indeed to work on bigger problems. If you can’t find any, look harder.
by nielsbot | 2026-02-04 08:48:38+00:00
While there is still a market for artisanal furniture, dishes and clothes most people buy mass-produced dishes, clothes and furniture.

I wonder if software creation will be in a similar place. There still might be a small market for handmade software but the majority of it will be mass produced. (That is, by LLM or even software itself will mostly go away and people will get their work done via LLM instead of "apps")
by simianwords | 2026-02-04 08:48:45+00:00
>The key issue is that money often translates to such things as power and leisure. Prosperity is not consumption - it is the command over power, resources and time.

I agree with you on this.

>The poor have to sell their time in order to afford the basic necessities of life; the rich don't have to. So the rich have a lot more free time than the poor and the resources to use it well. The rich simply are freer than the poor, who are not unlike prisoners with no claim over their time.

In general, I don't agree at all. Rich are "freer" but they definitely don't work fewer hours than poor on average. In USA the Rich became rich mostly by working.

https://www.ubs.com/us/en/wealth-management/our-solutions/pr...

Over 75% are self made billionaires and for sure these people work more than twice as hard as normal people. The others do normal jobs and I can't really find examples of non self made billionaires slacking off.

https://fortune.com/2018/06/18/ceos-should-prioritize-time-m...

>On average, the CEOs participating in the study worked 9.7 hours per weekday and 62.5 hours per week. They also worked on the majority of their days off, on average 3.9 hours on weekend days and 2.4 hours on vacation days.

Poor people don't work as hard for many reasons

1. they don't want to
2. they don't have the opportunity to
3. they don't have the health

But that also does not mean that billionaires have more free time. It's usually not the case, simply because they are more invested in their ventures.

>The rich also get to influence policies to a far greater extent than the poor. In a way, wealth is just stored influence.

I agree but this is a caveat against the fact that the rich and the poor consume equally. Sure they can influence, but at the end of the day they consume the same which is more important for sustenance. Power and influence come higher in the hierarchy.

>The lives of the rich are also far more secure than the lives of the poor. Many poor people are one major life crisis away from penury. This significantly affects the quality of their lives. Access to more wealth would mitigate this.

Agreed.

>One could also flip your argument as follows: wealth is a scarce resource. If the rich already have everything they need to live a happy life at low amounts of wealth, then letting them horde more wealth than necessary is unjustified. Instead, that should be distributed to those in need. This would make no difference to the well-being of the wealthy, but it would help others who need resources more.

This buys into zero sum ideology of wealth. It is incorrect, misguided and a big mistake to think like this.
by NitpickLawyer | 2026-02-04 08:49:28+00:00
> They put the hardware inside,

Which is exactly how you'd do a hypothetical dc in space. Come on, you're arguing for the sake of arguing. CotS works. This is not an issue.

> That kind of shielding is going to blow your mass budget

SpX is already leading in upmass by a large margin. Starship improves mass to orbit. Again, this is a "solved" issue.

There are other problems in building space DCs. Rad hardening is not one of them. AI training is so fault tolerant already that this was never an issue.