MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by tclancy | 2026-01-03 10:51:05+00:00
That is an out of date question unfortunately. Now you just have to ask how it benefits the criminal oligarchy currently in charge of our country. Short term it gives them bread and circuses for their base. Longer term, oil wealth.

That’s a way of viewing it, but of course it assumes logical planning by reasonably bright individuals. So it’s begging the question somewhat.
by monerozcash | 2026-01-03 10:51:22+00:00
I think it's not an unreasonable assumption to start from that the US government is working in collusion with the opposition it openly backs in Venezuela? It also feels silly to imagine that Venezuelan opposition was really hoping anything other than this while openly courting US support.

Also, to be fair, the comment I was responding to earlier referred to the Venezuelan opposition as a US puppet. I think that effectively concedes this point anyway.
by dotancohen | 2026-01-03 10:51:32+00:00
> In all CRDTs, in case of conflict, the LWW (based on one ID or another) happens

In my syncing voicenotes application I've begun using UUIDv7 for primary keys, it's working out very well. The database is SQLite. INSERTs are a tad slow, but it has not been a problem in practice. Perhaps I've not deployed and tested enough, but I really feel this was a safe choice.

UUIDv7 does leak create time information, but it INSERTs faster than UUIDv4 because all the INSERTs happen at (or near) the end of the tree on sync.
by aebtebeten | 2026-01-03 10:52:48+00:00
Consider a breakfast menu, the chicken, and the pig: like the chicken, the émigré may be abstractly concerned with the direction of the Old Country, but unlike the pig, is in no concrete way committed!

[also: I'm an old married man — I already know what I'm having; you may do better to ask someone younger what's currently on the menu?]
by arch1t3cht | 2026-01-03 10:52:51+00:00
Original post author here.

It seems like the main criticisms I am getting for this article is because it's escaped past its main target audience, so let me clarify a few things.

This post was born out of me hanging out in communities where people would make their own shortened edits of TV series and, in particular, anime, often to cut out filler or padding. Many people there would make many of the mistakes mentioned in the post, in particular reencoding at every step without knowing how to actually control efficiency/quality. I spent a lot of time helping out individual people one-to-one, but eventually wrote the linked article to collect all of my advice in one place. That way I (or other people I know) can just link to it like "Read the section on containers here," and then answer any follow-up questions, instead of having to explain from scratch each time.

> It seems really weirdly written. / ranty format

So, yes, it does. It was born out of one-to-one explanations on Discord. I wouldn't be surprised if it may seem condescending to a more advanced reader, but if I rant about some point to hammer it down it's because it's a mistake I've seen people make often enough that it has to be reenforced this much. I wouldn't write a professional article this way.

The other point many people seem to get hung up about is the "hate" on VLC. Let me clarify that I do not "hate" VLC at all, I just don't recommend it. VLC is only mentioned once in the entire page, exactly because I didn't want to slot in an intermission purely to list a bunch of VLC issues.

That said, yes, pretty much anyone I know in the fansubbing or encoding community does not recommend VLC because of various assorted issues. The rentry post [1] is often shared to list those, though I don't like how it does not give sources or reproducible examples for the issues it lists. I really do want to go through it and make proper samples and bug reports for all of these issues, I just didn't have the time yet.

Let me also clarify that I have nothing against the VLC developers. VideoLan does great work even outside of VLC, and every interaction I've had with their developers has been great. I just do not recommend the tool.

[1] https://rentry.co/vee-ell-cee
by everdrive | 2026-01-03 10:53:13+00:00
>IPv6 doesn't make things substantially harder, just different. But people don't want to learn new things

I learn new things all the time. IPv6 is much more complicated, and importantly, more complicated than it needs to be. There is really no reason for most devices to be publicly reachable. Everyone keeps holding this up as a positive, but it's absolutely not. Most devices aren't servers. Yes, a firewall can prevent these connections, but the whole standard is built around this use case most people don't need most of the time.

Private IP space is incredibly useful. I build it and set it up -- my ISP does not have control. This is _gone_ with IPv6 and it makes things much more complicated than they need to.
Axion One a Neuro-Symbolic Microkernel Prototype in Rust (Help on Scheduler)
by yigremT | 2026-01-03 10:53:44+00:00
Hi HN,

I’m the founder of AXION One. We are building a neuro-symbolic microkernel in Rust (Stable 1.78) that attempts to replace heuristic resource allocation with a Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) and a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA).
The Problem:
Running modern AI workloads on Linux leaves policy decisions (scheduling, memory security, energy profiles) to opaque legacy subsystems. You effectively have a black box (the model) running on top of another black box (the kernel), with user-space scaffolding trying to bridge the gap. We argue that sovereign AI requires the kernel itself to be an agent capable of continual learning and verifiable reasoning.
The Architecture (The "How"):
• VSA (Vector Symbolic Architecture): We encode syscalls as high-dimensional holographic vectors (D=10,000). This allows the kernel to perform symbolic reasoning (e.g., capability verification) using constant-time algebraic operations (binding/bundling) rather than complex branching logic. This provides a "verifiable glue" for IPC.
• JEPA Scheduler: Instead of CFS, we use a tiny, self-supervised JEPA model trained on syscall traces to predict latency distributions and select Pareto-optimal thread orders.
• Offline Consolidation: During idle cycles, the kernel "replays" event graphs via SGD to refine its embeddings, effectively "dreaming" to optimize future performance.
Current Status (The "Why" I'm Posting):
We have a GCP prototype (linked above) that validates the VSA/JEPA architecture. It passes 93% of LKDTM tests in emulation and demonstrates the self-learning loop.
However, the bare-metal Rust kernel on Raspberry Pi 4 is hitting a wall. We are seeing 8–12ms core stalls due to cache-line contention when the JEPA scheduler writes updated embeddings back to memory. We also have race conditions during warm resume causing SDHCI timeouts.
The Ask:
I am looking for a System Architect Co-Founder who sees that 8ms stall not as a failure, but as a challenge. I need someone who understands:
• Rust nightly and unsafe boundaries in a kernel context.
• Lock-free data structures to fix the embedding write contention.
• How to implement causal masking in the replay buffer (currently missing).

I’m here to answer questions about why we think VSA is the future of kernel IPC

AXION One stands at the precipice of a major breakthrough in systems programming. The combination of Rust, VSA, and JEPA offers a theoretical solution to the most pressing problems in AI infrastructure: sovereignty, auditability, and efficiency. However, the transition from a verified cloud prototype to a robust bare machine kernel requires a specific caliber of engineering talent that a System Architect who thrives on complexity and is unafraid of low-level optimization.

Citations:
Show HN: A DOS-like hobby OS in Rust.
VEKOS: Verified Experimental Kernel OS.
Show HN: Vect AI OS.
Hacker News Posting Guidelines & Analysis.
Vector Symbolic Architectures (VSA/HDC) Research.
Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA) Research.
Redox OS & Rust Kernel Discussions.
by alex1138 | 2026-01-03 10:54:03+00:00
To me it just validates the history of Facebook

Did he/didn't he steal? Dunno, though there's a fair few bits of evidence in the various lawsuits (Winklevoss, Greenspan)

But if you didn't know about any of that you could make some inferences. Like his neverending "ooh, shiny new thing, want" (and then lie to people along the way, trick Indians into signing up for your internet.org thing)

I was willing to take his side on a few things because the political situation is genuinely unclear and the public has been misled but then right after he wrote the open letter to Jim Jordan about censorship coercion (which was a real problem, I want to see more tech companies talking about it) he does this https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42651178

It's kind of like he has raw bits of intelligence but doesn't quite know how to piece it together and besides "his" inventions (even FB) are put together (largely?!) by other people
by JumpCrisscross | 2026-01-03 10:54:47+00:00
> What, per your reckoning, is the petrodollar hypothesis?

Petrodollar recycling [1] backed by U.S. military might. It was a way, in the 1970s and 80s, for us to secure our oil supplies by e.g. guaranteeing the security of the House of Saud.

The point was securing oil. The dollar benefits were a side effect. The dollar is ascendant because we're massive consumers.

> I see it as the world starting to become very unwilling to trade anything at all with the US

This has nothing to do with the petrodollar!

> moving to other currencies and finance systems for trade and economic transfer

Sure. Folks talk about this. It has nothing to do with Venezuela. (Again, oil is traded in multiple currencies and has been for at least two decades.)

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrodollar_recycling
by marginalia_nu | 2026-01-03 10:54:48+00:00
Yeah, I think a big part of the momentum toward Linux is from the end of Windows 10 support, and Windows 11's increased hardware demands.

Given how rough and uncertain the economy is, this creates a large group of people who can't or aren't comfortable upgrading their computer, but at the same time don't want to be stuck on EOL Windows 10 forever either.
by antonymoose | 2026-01-03 10:55:12+00:00
I had a manager years ago tell me to pay attention to the free soda / coffee. It costs them basically nothing. If they can’t pay that how are they going to pay your salary.

Wise words, years later I worked at a fancy place. All kinds of snacks and drinks and weekly lunches. One day we got moved off into a smaller, worse office. Our old Herman Miller chairs were missing and our nice fancy desks were replaced with bottom barrel IKEA furniture. The weekly lunch was cut. The snacks were scarce.

I got a new job within the month. By the following month the entire company went bankrupt.
by ErroneousBosh | 2026-01-03 10:55:28+00:00
My mum is in her late 80s and only lives about a 40 minute drive away, but generally needs no support to use Linux on her PC.

She switches it on, double-clicks the Firefox icon, and it opens up.

That's it. That's the whole thing. I did originally have it set to just launch Firefox full screen on startup, but she didn't like it like that.
by wtcactus | 2026-01-03 10:55:41+00:00
Personally, I do great in presentations (even ones where I know I'm being evaluated, like when presenting my PhD thesis), but I do terribly in oral exams.

In a presentation, you are in control. You decide how you will present the information and what is relevant to the theme. Even if you get questions, they will be related to the matter at hand that you need to dominate in order to present.

In oral exams, the pressure is just too great. I doubt it translates to a proper job. When I'm doing my job, I don't need to come up with answers right there on the spot. If I don't remember something, I have time to think it through, or to go and check it out. I think most jobs are like this.

I don't mind the pressure when something goes wrong in the job and needs a quick fix. But being right there, in an oral exam, in front of an antagonistic judge (even if they have good intentions) is not really the way to show knowledge, I think.
by nobody9999 | 2026-01-03 10:56:01+00:00
>My post history?

I'd venture to guess that GP is referring to this[0]. Or are you just incredulous that your past comments are being used to inform current ones?

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/threads?id=EnPissant[1]

[1] Not making any value judgement as to the content as I haven't reviewed your post history.
by mothballed | 2026-01-03 10:56:05+00:00
Liberia has/had a nearly identical constitution and look at them. It was just a roadmap for what the US could become if we became even more savage like them. It was never the Constitution that made the USA special, in other hands you got what we're getting now.

You always needed a populace that respected life, liberty, and property above all in order to have a prayer of it working out; that is long gone.
Show HN: 15 Years of StarCraft II Balance Changes Visualized
by stared | 2026-01-03 10:56:32+00:00
Hi HN!

"Never perfect. Perfection goal that changes. Never stops moving. Can chase, cannot catch." - Abathur (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pw_GN3v-0Ls)

StarCraft 2 is one of the most balanced games ever - thanks to Blizzard’s pursuit of perfection. It has been over 15 years since the release of Wings of Liberty and over 10 years since the last installment, Legacy of the Void. Yet, balance updates continue to appear, changing how the game plays. Thanks to that, StarCraft is still alive and well!

I decided to create an interactive visualization of all balance changes, both by patch and by unit, with smooth transitions.

I had this idea quite a few years ago, yet LLMs made it possible - otherwise, I wouldn't have had the time to code or to collect all changes from hundreds of patches (not all have balance updates).
It took way more time than expected - both dealing with parsing data and dealing with D3.js transitions.

Pretty much pure vibe coding with Claude Code and Opus 4.5 - while constantly using Playwright skills and consulting Gemini 3 Pro (https://github.com/stared/gemini-claude-skills). While Opus 4.5 was much better at executing, it was often essential to use Gemini to get insights, to get cleaner code, or to inspect screenshots. The difference in quality was huge.

Still, it was tricky, as LLMs do not know D3.js nearly as well as React. The D3.js transition part is a thing that sometimes I think would be better to do manually, and only use LLMs for details. But it was also a lesson.

Enjoy!

Source code is here: https://github.com/stared/sc2-balance-timeline
by arch1t3cht | 2026-01-03 10:57:10+00:00
Note that, while I haven't had time to investigate them myself yet, IINA is known to have problems with color spaces (and also uses libmpv, which is quite limited at the moment and does not support mpv's new gpu-next renderer). Nowadays mpv has first-party builds for macOS, which work very well in my opinion, so I'd recommend using those directly.
by dotancohen | 2026-01-03 10:57:24+00:00
> It's called a firewall. You want a firewall. IPv6 also has a firewall. NAT is not a firewall.

With NAT, I absolutely know my ESP32 is not vulnerable and exposed on the wild wild web. With a firewall, I may have a configuration issue or there might be a bug in the implementation or there might be some UDP nuisance I didn't know about or a dozen other concerns. I don't want to hire a network admin not play one at home.
by directorscut82 | 2026-01-03 10:57:36+00:00
The word human (usually) refer to all members of the Homo genus. The name Homo sapiens means 'wise man'. Except for the clever use of thumbs our genus successfully managed to apply logic consistently in order to survive. Human reasoning produced tools, technology and science.
So, no, it doesn't say it in the name. We occasionally are dump, or make dump comments, but the expectations are high.
Show HN: Axion One NeuroSymbolic Microkernel Prototype InRust(Help on Scheduler)
by yigremT | 2026-01-03 10:57:48+00:00
Hi HN,

I’m the founder of AXION One. We are building a neuro-symbolic microkernel in Rust (Stable 1.78) that attempts to replace heuristic resource allocation with a Vector Symbolic Architecture (VSA) and a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA).
The Problem:
Running modern AI workloads on Linux leaves policy decisions (scheduling, memory security, energy profiles) to opaque legacy subsystems. You effectively have a black box (the model) running on top of another black box (the kernel), with user-space scaffolding trying to bridge the gap. We argue that sovereign AI requires the kernel itself to be an agent capable of continual learning and verifiable reasoning.
The Architecture (The "How"):
• VSA (Vector Symbolic Architecture): We encode syscalls as high-dimensional holographic vectors (D=10,000). This allows the kernel to perform symbolic reasoning (e.g., capability verification) using constant-time algebraic operations (binding/bundling) rather than complex branching logic. This provides a "verifiable glue" for IPC.
• JEPA Scheduler: Instead of CFS, we use a tiny, self-supervised JEPA model trained on syscall traces to predict latency distributions and select Pareto-optimal thread orders.
• Offline Consolidation: During idle cycles, the kernel "replays" event graphs via SGD to refine its embeddings, effectively "dreaming" to optimize future performance.
Current Status (The "Why" I'm Posting):
We have a GCP prototype (linked above) that validates the VSA/JEPA architecture. It passes 93% of LKDTM tests in emulation and demonstrates the self-learning loop.
However, the bare-metal Rust kernel on Raspberry Pi 4 is hitting a wall. We are seeing 8–12ms core stalls due to cache-line contention when the JEPA scheduler writes updated embeddings back to memory. We also have race conditions during warm resume causing SDHCI timeouts.
The Ask:
I am looking for a System Architect Co-Founder who sees that 8ms stall not as a failure, but as a challenge. I need someone who understands:
• Rust nightly and unsafe boundaries in a kernel context.
• Lock-free data structures to fix the embedding write contention.
• How to implement causal masking in the replay buffer (currently missing).

I’m here to answer questions about why we think VSA is the future of kernel IPC

AXION One stands at the precipice of a major breakthrough in systems programming. The combination of Rust, VSA, and JEPA offers a theoretical solution to the most pressing problems in AI infrastructure: sovereignty, auditability, and efficiency. However, the transition from a verified cloud prototype to a robust bare machine kernel requires a specific caliber of engineering talent that a System Architect who thrives on complexity and is unafraid of low-level optimization.

Citations:
Show HN: A DOS-like hobby OS in Rust.
VEKOS: Verified Experimental Kernel OS.
Show HN: Vect AI OS.
Hacker News Posting Guidelines & Analysis.
Vector Symbolic Architectures (VSA/HDC) Research.
Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA) Research.
Redox OS & Rust Kernel Discussions.
by satvikpendem | 2026-01-03 10:57:50+00:00
> jank is a general purpose programming language. It’s a dialect of Clojure, which is itself a dialect of Lisp. jank is functional-first, but it supports adhoc mutations and effects. All data structures are persistent and immutable by default and jank, following Clojure’s design, provides mechanisms for safe mutations for easy concurrency.

> Beyond Clojure, jank is brethren to C++ and it can reach into C++ arbitrarily to both access and define new C++ types, functions, and templates, at runtime. This is done by JIT (just in time) compiling C++, using Clang and LLVM. The result is that you can write Clojure code which can access C and C++ libraries trivially.

From https://book.jank-lang.org, for those of us who've never heard of this language
by michaelt | 2026-01-03 10:58:21+00:00
Is Trump really an oil guy?

It’s his second term, and he doesn’t care about the GOP after him, so it’s not like he needs funds for the next election, or needs to deliver on the economy.

And nepotism-wise, his kids only need one job each, that’s all squared away already. Trump needs allies who can keep him and his kids out of jail, but oil companies don’t have any super powers in that area.
by webdevver | 2026-01-03 11:00:06+00:00
well yes, but from todays events it seems that everybody elses military is degraded, if anything.

after being inundated with scenes of russian donkeys, ukranian 3d-printed drones, and hezbollah toyota machine-guns, this is a stark reminder of who the real, OG 'world policeman' is (and there is only one!)

ultimately its actions that matter, and the US can punch.

every dictator of every 3rd world nation is thinking super hard today about how much they really care about resisting 'US imperiaism' - indeed, whether their soldiers are even capable of preventing them from being abducted in a shock extraction by a vastly more organised and technologically superior US.
by arch1t3cht | 2026-01-03 11:01:03+00:00
One difference I can immediately point to is that VLC always renders subtitles at the video's storage resolution and then up/downscales all bitmaps returned by libass individually before blending them. This can create ugly ringing artifacts on text.

I've also seen many reports of it lagging or choking on complex subtitles, though I haven't had the time to investigate that myself yet.

Either way, it's not as simple as "both players use libass." Libass handles the rasterization and layout of subtitles, but players need to handle the color space mangling and blending, and there can be big differences there.
by chronos00 | 2026-01-03 11:04:22+00:00
That is a bit of a over-simplification. Its true that there would be corresponding $200 entries that balance. But the store did make money on the transaction, and the journal entries would show it in a manner as shown below (assumption 50% margin on sales). (COGS is Cost of goods sold).

Cash $200 - Debit

COGS $100 - Debit

Inventory $100 - Credit

Revenue $200 - Credit

Yes, the journal entries don't immediatly show the profit as an explicit line item. But once closing entries are done, an income statement can be created that essentially shows the change in value of all your accounts for a certain period. In the income statement, profits would be calculated.
by somethingsome | 2026-01-03 11:04:24+00:00
I had a lot of fun testing the system. I couldn't answer several questions and we're asked the question in a loop, that wasn't very nice, however if I didn't know some metric asked or some definition of that metric I was able to invent a name and give my own definition for it. Allowing me to advance in the call.

(I invented some kind of metric based on a centered gaussian around a country ahaha)

One big issue that I had is that the system asked for a number in dollars, but if I answer $2000,2000,2000 per agent per month, the answer was always the same, I cannot accept a number, give it in words, after many tries I stopped playing, it wasn't clear what it wanted.

I could see myself using the system. With another voice as it was kind of agressive. More guidelines would be needed to know exactly how to pass a question or specify numbers.

I don't know my grade, so I don't know how much we can bullshit the system and pass
by arch1t3cht | 2026-01-03 11:04:25+00:00
libav{format,codec,...} are just libraries for demuxing and decoding video. There is huge variability in how those libraries are used, let alone how the video is displayed (which needs scaling, color space conversions, tonemapping, subtitle rendering, handling playback timing, etc. etc.). mpv also has its own demuxer for matroska files, since libavformat's is very limited [1].

[1] https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/wiki/libavformat-mkv-check...