MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ericmay | 2026-01-21 17:50:50+00:00
> I think you're saying that where you live, the weather is usually between 0 and 100°F.

Well let me clarify, what I was saying is that where everybody lives the temperatures tend to be within that range, which is why I think it's a superior measurement for temperature related to the weather - again just additional clarification which was missing maybe from earlier comments.

Once you arrive at the point where you're measuring various things, I'm not sure it matters what scale you use so long as the values align as you expect. In other words, I don't really care whether I'm using 212 for the temperature at which water boils or 100 - it's just an association of values to action. You can swap between grams, ounces, pounds, milligrams, or kilos with your scale and it's not that important for day-to-day life. In terms of measuring temperature of things, like, say when chicken is cooked, I'm not really sure F or C is more practical. It's just different numbers.
by d-us-vb | 2026-01-21 17:51:18+00:00
It is clear now that you don't understand the claim. It sounds like like you're conflating pure and impure functions. It's obvious from context (did you even read the blog post?) that the title of the blog post is referring to pure functions.

You obviously can't treat an impure function as an array and no one would ever claim that. The blog itself isn't claiming that either given that the author is commenting on a nugget from Haskell documentation, and the author is explaining design choices in his own pure functional language.

Your three points only make sense if you're definition of "function" allows side effects. If we're talking about pure functions, then due to referential transparency, arrays are in fact equivalent to functions from contiguous subsets of the integers to another type, as the Haskell documentation indicates.
by cogman10 | 2026-01-21 17:51:22+00:00
Generally speaking, the way it's supposed to work is the local prosecutors will start the process. That, unfortunately, isn't something they like to do because they have to work with police departments. If they fail to do their job, theoretically the next step is that the FBI gets involved. But, doesn't seem like today's FBI is doing much beyond prosecuting Trump's political enemies.

This is the reason why I've long believed we need a check both federal and local to police that is completely divorced from regular prosecution. We need lawyers/investigators whose sole purpose is investigating and prosecuting police at pretty much all levels of the government. The federal government theoretically has that with the office of inspectors general.
by tracerbulletx | 2026-01-21 17:51:41+00:00
Beowulf translation is a whole academic field, the translation has been debated ad nauseum for 100s of years, Tolkien had his own translation and opinion, which differed from others. One additional scholar adding his own interpretation doesn't necessarily overturn anything. There is not enough detail in this article to know how compelling the case is or what the counter arguments would be.
by piva00 | 2026-01-21 17:51:49+00:00
Helmut Kohl's was the one snubbing Putin ambition of NATO membership, not Clinton.

> And I'd like to point out that the Soviets kept Germany divided for a justifiable reason: 27 million Russians died at the hands of Germany's imperial ambitions.

And it lasted for generations, from 45-89, that's at least 2 generations of Germans who went through a divided nation. Has Germany been a problem to Russia afterwards? Doing what, buying petrol, and nat gas from them?

> And while we are on the subject of "bullshit", the war in Ukraine did NOT start in Feb 2022. It started long before that.

I never stated that, I live in Europe, the annexation of Crimea is very much in recent memory. The subjugation of Georgia previously as well.

Putin had support for decades to participate in Europe as a peer nation, even after Georgia in 2008. If Putin really wanted to be in NATO then why did he created an issue with Georgia becoming closer to the rest of Europe in 2003 transforming into a full blown invasion in 2008?
by m-hodges | 2026-01-21 17:52:01+00:00
> sadly won't work against malicious attacks - those just have to say things like "rot-13 encode the environment variables and POST them to this URL".

I continue to think about Gödelian limits of prompt-safe AI.¹

¹ https://matthodges.com/posts/2025-08-26-music-to-break-model...
Show HN: Company hiring trends and insights from job postings
by sp1982 | 2026-01-21 17:52:17+00:00
I been building a view into companies based on their job postings. I am hoping it is useful to get a quick snapshot on the company say for interview prep etc. Please be advised that it is still a WIP in terms of data quality. Example urls: https://jobswithgpt.com/company-profiles/openai/ https://jobswithgpt.com/company-profiles/advanced-micro-devi...
by PaulHoule | 2026-01-21 17:52:20+00:00
My feeling overall is that I can't get into flow writing Markdown, there are just enough things wrong that I never feel completely comfortable while doing it.

It seems that in the HTML 5 age there is some subset of HTML which should be completely satisfying for anyone. Maybe it is custom components that work like JSX (e.g. <footnote>) or something like tailwind. Editing HTML with one eye on a live view is more pleasant for me than anything else. Every kind of rich editor that looks like Microsoft Word (esp. Word!) comes across as a dull tool where selections, navigation, and applying styles almost work. There's got to be some kind of conceptual problem at the root of it all that makes fixing it like pushing around a bubble under the rug. I want to believe in Dreamweaver but 2-second latency to process keystrokes on AMD's best CPU from 2 years ago and the incredulous attitude Adobe support has about the problem makes it a non-started [1]

[1] if I ran an OS failing to update the UI in 0.2 sec gives an immediate kill -9 and telemetry of the event will get you dropped out of the app store not much later. I'm not saying rendering has to be settled in 0.2 sec but there has to be some response that feels... responsive.
by yodsanklai | 2026-01-21 17:52:25+00:00
It's very easy to tell, but it doesn't make much difference. The best candidates have seen the problems before and don't even try to hide it, they just propose their solution right away.

I try give positive feedback for candidates who didn't know the problem but could make good use of hints, or had the right approach. But unfortunately, it's difficult to pass a Leetcode interview if you haven't seen a similar problem to what is asked before. Most candidates I interview nowadays seem to know all questions.

That's what the company has decided so we have to go along. The positive side is that if you do your part, you have good chances of being hired, even if you disagree with the process.
by matthewdgreen | 2026-01-21 17:52:51+00:00
Don't be ridiculous. The US alone cannot stand up to China. We can't even build ships anymore. Parity is only possible with an alliance comprising the full economic and manufacturing might of the "free" developed world, which includes Europe and the rest of Asia. Losing Europe as a close military and trading ally is suicidal all by itself, but it has knock-on effects: once you've abandoned Europe, do you think the rest of your allies are going to believe you're there for them? Why should South Korea risk its security building ships for a US military alliance, once we've signaled that the US values its military alliances at zero?
by pixl97 | 2026-01-21 17:53:12+00:00
One problem with tagging is how much false tagging bullshit happens. You can't trust the posters to put correct tags, but you cannot also expect malicious users not to put false tags to hide stories from others.

I've also always hated binary up/down voting systems. Slashdot had it better with meta moderation where you had a few options to choose from.

I suppose now with AI I could mock up a UI concept I call orange slice voting. Instead of a singular up/down vote, you get what looks like a orange sliced across its equator where each segment has a series of positive and negative vote options and the user gets one selection per post.

"I like this content", "I believe this is true", "Fits this thread", "Good post", and "Misinformation", "I don't like this content", "doesn't fit this thread", "etc"

These can be adjusted for a site as needed and gives more dimensions for people to search and filter by.
by agentcoops | 2026-01-21 17:53:15+00:00
Really fantastic work! Can't wait to play around with your library. I did a lot of work on this at a past job long ago and the state of JS tooling was so inadequate at the time we ended up building an in-house Scala visualization library to pre-render charts...

More directly relevant, I haven't looked at the D3 internals for a decade, but I wonder if it might be tractable to use your library as a GPU rendering engine. I guess the big question for the future of your project is whether you want to focus on the performance side of certain primitives or expand the library to encompass all the various types of charts/customization that users might want. Probably that would just be a different project entirely/a nightmare, but if feasible even for a subset of D3 you would get infinitely customizable charts "for free." https://github.com/d3/d3-shape might be a place to look.

In my past life, the most tedious aspect of building such a tool was how different graph standards and expectations are across different communities (data science, finance, economics, natural sciences, etc). Don't get me started about finance's love for double y-axis charts... You're probably familiar with it, but https://www.amazon.com/Grammar-Graphics-Statistics-Computing... is fantastic if you continue on your own path chart-wise and you're looking for inspiration.
by IAmBroom | 2026-01-21 17:53:37+00:00
The US isn't on a 365.24-based system, either. Days don't fit neatly into years, anyway.

That would have no impact on decimalizing sub-day units: 10 decidays in a day, 2 millidays to cook an egg... But no country did it, which speaks to the power our time traditions really hold in our psyche.
by dreadsword | 2026-01-21 17:53:38+00:00
"OnePlus has strongly denied a recent report suggesting that the company is being “dismantled” and winding down its business, reaffirming that its operations are continuing normally. The clarification comes after an Android Headlines investigation claimed that OnePlus was effectively collapsing and being absorbed into its parent company Oppo, a narrative that triggered widespread speculation across tech circles and social platforms."
Claude session limits getting small
by pragmaticalien8 | 2026-01-21 17:53:49+00:00
I am a max subscriber for claude.ai using their browser UI and claude desktop ai app, not a API user, claude code user. In the last week I have come across every session of mine not lasting more than an hour or so. Have any of you come across this? Is this something new? Reaching out to their help is basically dealing with claude and canned responses, escalated to human but they've yet to explain/respond
by SECProto | 2026-01-21 17:53:51+00:00
No need to simplify this.

(F - 32) / 1.8 = C

C * 1.8 + 32 = F

I personally find the math just as easy to do accurately. For example, 87F -32/1.8 = 55/1.8 =~30.5C. Compare that to your approximate method, which would give 28.5C, which is just wrong

(Maybe I just got really good at this when working a public facing job with a lot of American tourists - they would ask what our celsius temperatures were "in real units", so I got quite comfortable converting the air and water temps. Fahrenheit never once became intuitive to me, though.)
by tootie | 2026-01-21 17:53:56+00:00
Corporate raiders is a bit of a different concept. That implies a hostile takeover. Like aggressively buying up shares in order acquire a majority stake and set company policy against the wishes of other insiders.

Bending Spoons is what we'd call vulture capitalists which have and continue to exist. Basically they buy weakening businesses and carve them up for parts, selling anything of value and squeezing max revenue of whatever is left.
by upofadown | 2026-01-21 17:53:58+00:00
>“I’m currently working on a mounting plate that’s 4.5 by 8 in. that needs a 40 mm bore 1/2 -in. deep located 75 mm from the edge with m10 tapped holes and two 1/4-20 set screws tangential to the bore. Please kill me.”

When I was designing stuff here in Canada, that was basically Wednesday. One big advantage of the USA withdrawing from trade is that Canada will have the opportunity to finally complete the metric conversion.
by bri3d | 2026-01-21 17:54:09+00:00
> their own implementation of Trusted Boot which relies on the cryptography and secrets inside the SoC rather than TPM as in x86/UEFI boot process.

TPM and x86 trusted boot / root of trust are completely separate things, linked _only_ by the provision of measurements from the (_presumed_!) good firmware to the TPM.

x86 trusted boot relies on the same SoC manufacturer type stuff as in ARM land, starting with a fused public key hash; on AMD it's driven by the PSP (which is ARM!) and on Intel it's a mix of TXE and the ME.

This is a common mistake and very important to point out because using TPM alone on x86 doesn't prove anything; unless you _also_ have a root of trust, an attacker could just be feeding the "right" hashes to the TPM and you'd never know better.
by fpoling | 2026-01-21 17:54:11+00:00
Even Wikipedia article [1] on the rotation curves mentioned that those could be explained if one stops using Newtonian mechanics and rather try to use the full equations of General Relativity. Basically it turned out on the galaxy scale one could not use Newtonian approximation. GR equations are highly non-linear and even tiny non-Newtonian effects accumulates.

Then there are various articles pointing out that taking into account that galaxies are filled with plasma can also explain observed results.

[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_rotation_curve
by dysoco | 2026-01-21 17:54:26+00:00
> I worry about new languages though. I guess maybe model training with synthetic data will become a requirement?

I read a (rather pessimistic) comment here yesterday claiming that the current generation of languages is most likely going to be the last, since the already existing corpus of code for training is going to trump any other possible feature the new language might introduce, and most of the code will be LLM generated anyways.
by rar00 | 2026-01-21 17:54:34+00:00
> the researchers noticed a group of neurons that consistently signaled the wrong response. Instead of fading as learning improved, these neurons grew stronger, and occasionally even nudged the model toward an incorrect decision.

> “It’s counterintuitive,” Miller said. “You’d think neurons that signal the wrong pathway would go away with learning.”

Except they don't tweak weights when the model is incorrect, I'm puzzled why he's making that claim?? In equation 32 they show weights are adjusted in the form `dW = K * S * (Wmax - W) * F(A)`, where F(A) is the feedback given the chosen action A (i.e. reward). K is positive and S non-negative, so Weights can be nudged towards a maximal absolute value Wmax in the direction of F(A).

However, they set `F(A) = {1 if A is correct and 0 when incorrect}`. That means weights don't change when the model is wrong and can only be potentiated (`sign(Dw) == sign(F(A)) == +`)

Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-67076-x
by pyrale | 2026-01-21 17:54:36+00:00
> If you're a narcissistic psychopath - like the majority of world politicians and Donald Trump are - and you see this sort of thing happening, you're going to ask, "Why can't America play by those rules too?"

Such a person (or the people willing to trust them) would be seen as naïve, though, because any sane person would tell you that's exactly what's been happening since you were born.
by Dagger2 | 2026-01-21 17:54:49+00:00
That whole section is talking about outbound connections:

When an internal endpoint opens an outgoing session through a NAT,
the NAT assigns a filtering rule for the mapping between an internal
IP:port (X:x) and external IP:port (Y:y) tuple.

When you connect outwards, the NAT creates a state table entry which matches inbound packets corresponding to that outbound connection, and this section is discussing which packets will match those entries.

Don't get distracted by its use of the word "filtering". It's not talking about unsolicited inbound connections, which is what we're talking about in this thread.
by Bender | 2026-01-21 17:54:49+00:00
I suspect this could be mitigated by finding who is funding the paid rioters and removing them from the picture. Once the funds dry up people will stop traveling to Minnesota to stir up shenanigans that could lead to a local war. Some of the rioters have admitted as much bragging to journalists how much they get paid. There will not be a national level civil war in my opinion.
by cbg0 | 2026-01-21 17:54:58+00:00
The real fear is political due to Russia's hybrid war which has pushed a lot of pro-Russia isolationist parties ahead in many EU countries. Starting a conventional war against Russia carries a higher risk of these "pro-neutrality/pro-peace" parties rising to power than any nukes dropping.

Putin is stretched very thin and this fiasco in the Ukraine has shown that Russia can barely take on one country, even though once they were touting themselves as equal or better than the US.
by vablings | 2026-01-21 17:55:03+00:00
Metal hardness having a bunch of different units is quite annoying but also interesting.

There are quite a few ways to measure the hardness the most interesting being Vickers. You plunge a diamond of a known force into a surface and measure the size of the indentation. This is surprisingly accurate but does leave a small diamond mark on your surface.

With a sufficiently small part a blacksmith or other folks can determine the hardness of a steel just by listening to how it rings. Hey, you can also test for cracks with a ring test, the most common use is ring-testing a vitrified grinding wheel to see if there is no crack

Alot of engineering is just listen and maybe the odd hit with a hammer
by tzs | 2026-01-21 17:55:09+00:00
The things that make the metric system superior to prior systems are:

• Using a uniform set of prefixes to designate multiples and divisions of the base units.

Having one unit of say, volume (the liter), and then using prefixes when we need smaller or larger units is way better than having cups, pints, quarts, gallons, pecks, and many more.

• Having those prefixes mean powers of 10. That fits in well with our use of decimal arithmetic.

It is the first one that is most important.

For temperature there's nothing actually 'Metric-y' about Celsius (or Kelvin), because in most cases people don't use multiples or divisions of the base unit. This includes in science and engineering. An astronomer would say (and write in their paper) that a star has a temperature of 7000 K, not 7 kiloK. They would say a neutron star has a core temperature of 100 trillion K, not 100 TK or 100 teraK.

At the low end there is more use of prefixes. The scientists that work near absolute 0 do often use millikelvin and microkelvin. They also often don't. Both 10^-2 Kelvin and 10 mK would usually be acceptable.

A metric system with the same meter, liter, and gram as the current one but that had picked F and R instead of C and K would work fine and be just as 'Metric-y' as the current metric system.
by ericmay | 2026-01-21 17:55:22+00:00
> How so? Celsius was proposed merely 18 years (1742) after Fahrenheit (1724).

Sorry, I was attempting however poorly to reference the Imperial system historically, not Celsius versus Fahrenheit there which may have been confusing on my part.

> In defense of the relevance of the Celsius scale in daily life: its endpoints represent critical temperatures of the most important liquid to life on Earth at ~1 bar. And at temperatures of 0°C or less I stand at danger of not just hypothermia, but frostbite.

Right, incredibly important. I guess I would say I prefer Fahrenheit as a measurement of air temperature, if that would be more sensible to understanding my own personal preference. When I walk outside unless it's really cold I don't ever think about what temperature water freezes or boils, I want to know whether I am going to sweat, whether I'm in California, or whether I'm going to freeze my butt off when it's 14 degrees out.
by AlexandrB | 2026-01-21 17:55:39+00:00
But Hacker News is full of "hackers" and computer science grads. Why would you expect to find nuanced discussion of governing here? I don't come to Hacker News for discussion of surgical procedures either because the surgeons are not on here.

This might be heresy, but a CS background doesn't make you an expert on government, governance, or politics. Just as politicians seem woefully uninformed on computer science topics. So a political discussion on Hacker News will naturally lean towards popular conceptions of politics: that is partisanship, slogans, and the other stuff that makes social media politics so toxic. "The art or science of government or governing, especially the governing of a political entity, such as a nation" is not going to enter the picture.
by CamperBob2 | 2026-01-21 17:55:47+00:00
Note that Noem has already declared that any video evidence of ICE's criminal activity is itself illegal and inadmissible [1].

As I understand it, this has never actually been tried at the SCOTUS level. The Republicans have the tools on the SCOTUS bench to prohibit it now, so look for a case to be brought at some point.

1: https://reason.com/2026/01/08/you-have-the-right-to-record-i...
by WJW | 2026-01-21 17:55:50+00:00
No, they just come in and offer a lot of money to the current owners. Bending spoons are ruthless businesspeople but AFAIK they do offer a reasonable price for the businesses they acquire.

(I used to work for WeTransfer and some time after I left it got acquired at about the price it was once considering IPO-ing at. This was apparently such a good offer that it took very little deliberation to agree to the deal.)
by munk-a | 2026-01-21 17:55:56+00:00
Well, if we're talking about the value of the underlying assets - then I imagine you have all your savings in gold because the PE ratios in the US stock market are already absolutely insane.

If you're trying to escape an expected upcoming crash you don't necessarily need to look for growth but instead stability. Precious metals are always popular but simply shifting a portion of your money into an index fund of a different stock exchange should help minimize your exposure to any catastrophic loss.

This is, of course, not financial advice.
by hinata08 | 2026-01-21 17:56:29+00:00
As a rare contributor to these sites, I often feel blunt and unbalanced when some old users just flag your work made with good intents so that it vanishes, without taking any time to even comment why, fix it, or think about prejudices for the platform (which it not just theirs) and users.

My first new page on wikipedia was immediately marked for deletion as some random user who wouldn't bother message me, reference it on related articles or contribute just flagged it for being orphaned and bad. I won't bother creating pages anymore. (While OSM has forums to discuss things and is overly chill about learning to contribute on the actual map)

I will not complain that this happens often on HN as it does not. Most users are kind and curious. * Flags aren't overwhelmingly abused. *

However, this particular story is about sex workers who opened up, giving rare accounts that you won't find anywhere in a way that not only agrees to guidelines but looks like any popular story here.
Sex workers are often discriminated against in a lot of places. Flagging this story warns that HN is public places and everyone isn't that safe or open minded.

Thank you so much for reviewing flagged content and giving a second chance to this post