MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by LunaSea | 2026-01-16 15:40:49+00:00
Not sure about the "war" part of it, but the rules in place make it so that most people don't have easy, legal and public access to cocaine but the very determined people can find it. That sounds like a good trade-off.

For AI music it would be the same. You could find it online on some shifty third-party websites or use some illegal model on your own hardware but in the end it will always represent a minority use case.
by hamburglar | 2026-01-16 15:40:59+00:00
Having read the whole thing in great detail, I’m going to try to give you an honest perspective. Your competitor has done nothing to you. Someone loosely connected to your competitor (used to work there) did something extremely mild to you, and you have been overreacting to it so egregiously that it splashed over into your relationship with another company, through no fault of theirs. It is now to the point that you have made a complete ass of yourself. If you had simply let it drop like an adult, Nick never would have dropped that incredibly damning (to you) email chain. You blew it.
by DoctorOW | 2026-01-16 15:41:43+00:00
The problem I've found is coordinating. The idea that we need a sizable chunk of the country to all work together in leaderless organization, is noble but lofty. Every attempt I've ever seen is something extremely easy for the feds to disrupt like a Facebook, Reddit, or Discord group, where everyone collectively bikesheds and no decisions get made.
by some_furry | 2026-01-16 15:41:55+00:00
> Presumably one would want to use Ed448 in order to achieve for session key establishment or for digital signing a level of security comparable to using for encryption AES with a 256-bit key.

Ed448 is an instantiation of EdDSA (the Edwards curve digital signature algorithm) over the Edwards448 curve (a Goldilocks curve), as defined in RFC 7748 and RFC 8032.

Key establishment would use X448 (formerly "Curve448") for Diffie-Hellman, although ECDH over Edwards448 is also (strictly speaking) possible.

Using Ed448 for key exchange is a TypeError.

But that's neither here nor there. I was asking about real world applications that need Ed448 specifically, not a vague question of how cryptography works.

Check my blog if you need a temperature check for my familiarity with the subject: https://soatok.blog/tag/security-guidance/

> ED25519 has a level of security only comparable with AES with an 128-bit key.

No. The whole notion of "security levels" is a military meme that doesn't actually meaningfully matter the way people talk about it.

There are about 2^252 possible Ed25519 public keys. Recovering a secret key from Pollard's rho takes about 2^126 or so computations (where each computation requires a scalar multiplication), and that's why people pair it with an equivalent "security level" as AES-128, but the only meaningful difference between the algorithms (besides their performance footprint) is security against multi-user attacks.

With a 256-bit AES key, you can have 2^40 users each choose 2^50 keys and still have a probability of key reuse below 2^-32.

With 128-bit AES keys, you don't have that guarantee. 2^90 keys is well beyond the birthday bound of a 128-bit function, which means the probability of two users choosing the same key is higher than 2^32. (It's actually higher than 50% at 2^90 out of 2^128.)

See also: https://soatok.blog/2024/07/01/blowing-out-the-candles-on-th...

However, despite the "security level" claims, Ed25519 has 2^252 keys. The multi-user security of Ed25519 (and X25519) is meaningfully on par with AES-256.

As things stand today, the 128-bit symmetric cryptography "security level" is unbreakable. You would need to run the entire Bitcoin mining network for on the order of a billion years to brute force an AES-128 key.

> Nowadays many prefer to use for encryption AES or similar ciphers with a 256-bit key, to guard against possible future advances, like the development of quantum computers.

This is a common misunderstanding. So common that I once made the same mistake.

128 bits are enough. https://words.filippo.io/post-quantum-age/#128-bits-are-enou...

Grover's attack requires a quantum circuit size of 2^106.

> In such cases, ED25519 remains the component with the lowest resistance against brute force, but it is less common to use something better than it because of the increase in computational cost for session establishment.

I do not understand what this sentence is trying to say.
by dv_dt | 2026-01-16 15:42:48+00:00
Protests come when people are pushed into a corner with little other choice. Participation is more prevalent when people have free time in their lives. Our economics has systematically squeezed free time out in favor of more work to most of our workforce, and particularly hard for young people.

One reason so many local city policies favor the old, is that they're retired and have the time to participate
by tialaramex | 2026-01-16 15:43:04+00:00
It's still the community when the community is via corporations.

Corporations are just groups of people. Pure grass roots "We collect the money, anonymously in cash shaking a bucket at our annual fundraiser" does not work at this scale. Even Zig, which I'm guessing is about as far away from "It's all just owned by an inhuman corporation" as you could ask for, does have big ticket corporate donors. So does ISRG (Let's Encrypt) or the EFF.

Venture Capital is a bad fit, that's the conjecture here. VC funding for infrastructure is a mistake because that big pay day won't happen if you did it correctly. That doesn't make VC inherently bad, or projects like Linux inherently defective, the claim was that it's just a bad match, like how an Irish Stout doesn't pair well with a subtle tomato and angel hair pasta dish.
by mindslight | 2026-01-16 15:43:28+00:00
I always see "general strike" mentioned as if it's some powerful solution to work towards. But even ignoring the practicalities of organizing such a thing, I don't see what the effect would be. It's not like the brownshirts would go on strike, Trump is happy to print trillions of dollars in new debt, it would impoverish many of the very people working against this, and the type of society-wrecking chaos would appear to be exactly what Trump (ie his foreign handlers) want.
by justin66 | 2026-01-16 15:43:29+00:00
What examples of digging through that amount of ice for the purposes of mining are you familiar with? What's a good example?

It'd be interesting to understand how much the environment there increases the cost of mining. Anything is possible, but it'd be cool to know whether it makes any sense. (and yes, I think our leadership in the US is fully capable of causing an international crisis over mineral assets that would in financial terms be best left in the ground)
by incomingpain | 2026-01-16 15:43:33+00:00
>This is self-defeatist again, if no one tries, nothing changes. It might take a thousand failures to find the one success.

Fair point. But low chance of success, huge pay cut, social consequences, likely to be exposed to the typical political slander of 'oh that far right commie nazi' crap.

IT wouldnt even be the main thing im trying to fix with the party neither. It's unlikely I even fix it if i had the power.

Better stuff to do.
by mothballed | 2026-01-16 15:43:35+00:00
Well that's luck for you, because I built the house I live in, and I'm not selling it. Although since I actually have to live in the house, the wiring was designed by an electrical engineer and installed at or above NEC requirements. But there was no one to look over my shoulder when I did it.

If there were regulations house would have cost at least double. Because I have a day job and no time for inspectors, nor any trade license.

>Imagine buying a meal from a restaurant which prides themselves by not meeting the standards of the nearby town's health department.

Lol having lived in the third world I've eaten from probably a hundred of these. Very tasty. Not much different than the US where inspector is basically never there so you still must apply all the food sanitation rules in deciding regarding buying food from a vendor.
Show HN: ClientsOK – Forensic e-signature anchored on Bitcoin (eIDAS compliant)
by Mirofts | 2026-01-16 15:43:38+00:00
Hello HN,

I'm Benoit, a CEO based in Kyoto. I built ClientsOK because I was frustrated with the current state of e-signatures. I needed to timestamp and secure IP/contracts frequently, but existing solutions like DocuSign were either too expensive ($45/mo for features I barely use) or lacked true forensic permanence (if the platform dies, the proof often dies with it).

ClientsOK is my attempt to solve this with a "forensic-first" approach.

The Architecture: Instead of just placing an image of a signature on a PDF, we treat the document as a digital evidence package:

Fingerprinting: We generate a SHA-256 hash of the final document.

Context Capture: We record 14 points of metadata during the signing event (IP geolocation, precise timestamp, device info, browser fingerprint).

Anchoring: We anchor the hash on the Bitcoin blockchain. This ensures that the proof of existence and integrity is verifiable independently of my startup, forever.

Legal & Compliance: The generated certificates are compliant with eIDAS (EU) and the E-SIGN Act (US).

Pricing: We offer a free tier (1 doc/month, 2MB limit) to let people test the tech. The Pro plan is $9/mo (vs ~$45 for competitors). There is also a public API for developers to automate certification ($0.50/doc).

I'd love your feedback on the signing flow and the technical approach to the audit trail.

Thanks!
by dfxm12 | 2026-01-16 15:43:45+00:00
The article/video only points to this being proven by research done by Giorgio Bonsanti. If you're curious, you'll have to investigate that angle.

It is frustrating that the article is so coy about the evidence around the premise of the article! But, this website and the youtube video this article is based around both lean more towards pop than investigative.
by sjw987 | 2026-01-16 15:43:47+00:00
Not sure why Garmin or any of the exercise tracking watches are being used for sleep tracking. They're infamously bad at it from my experience.

The rings (notably Oura) are much better. I used to wear both and they gave completely different results, with the Oura being far more accurate to how I feel and the timings of going to sleep and waking up. Garmin almost always reckoned I woke up an hour earlier than I did and ended the tracking there.

It's honestly best not to get too involved in tracking sleep. The analysis does more to ruin your mood and give you nocebo effect than it really gives useful information.

I will confess, I do still wear my Garmin to bed because I like the vibration alarm over anything audible.
by diogenescynic | 2026-01-16 15:43:55+00:00
Sure, and I'm pointing out what's changed from Obama to Trump is the way that 'sanctuary cities' are complying with federal immigration laws. Under Obama, the sanctuary cities provided lists of students whose parents weren't citizens etc and the media didn't cover the arrests etc. It's selective enforcement of the law. When democrats are in power, they enforce it and media ignores it. When republicans are in power, they defy it and media covers it like it's Nazi Germany. It's absurd and anyone paying attention should reject this framing.
by duxup | 2026-01-16 15:44:00+00:00
The noteworthy thing here is that ICE, without a warrant, broke into a home with a battering ram.

ICE has continuously shown no regard for the law.

-----

I had to edit the original title to fit on HN. Original title: Judge: ICE violated Liberian man’s rights by bursting through front door during arrest

Another link:

https://apnews.com/article/immigration-minneapolis-raid-libe...
by nunez | 2026-01-16 15:44:14+00:00
It sucked because society back then (and currently in some cultures) was structured in such a way that women were de facto forced into marriage and motherhood, even if they didn't want to do these things. Women couldn't open bank accounts or buy cars easily without their husbands present; consequently, leaving bad marriages was considered very risky, to say nothing of the social ostricization that would ensure.

I thought that AskHistorians would have a more eloquent answer to your question. As expected, they do: https://old.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/16xsyoi/in_m...
by stared | 2026-01-16 15:44:27+00:00
I love Astro - migrated my blog there (here it was a gradual improvement), migrated company website there (here a lot, to joy of everyone). In the times of vibe coding, there is much less reason to use WYSWIG website editors. In our company, a non-technical assistant, modified website with Claude Code.

I hope that this acquisition will go well. It would be sad to lose this great framework.
At the same time, we deploy on Cloudflare. So their business is to keep Astro cool so that more people will use Claudflare, it would be a win-win!
by antonly | 2026-01-16 15:44:48+00:00
This is not true. The UK has a £3.85 meal deal that is a sandwich + a snack + a drink. It's hugely popular.

Germany has the Döner Kebab, it's now about 5-9€, but the have cheaper options available too. Again, hugely popular.

I'm sure most European cities have these.
by sjw987 | 2026-01-16 15:45:13+00:00
Wrist based sleep tracking is worse than finger.

Oura for measuring sleep. Garmin for tracking physical exercise. Oura always reflected the timings and my feeling much closer than Garmin (Enduro), which basically always told me I had bad sleep (started late after my last woken moments and ended an hour early).

My own thought, it's honestly best not to track sleep unless you feel you have an underlying issue. It causes more anxiety than it solves. If you're tired, go to bed earlier, adjust tech use and food consumption before bed.
by avidphantasm | 2026-01-16 15:45:40+00:00
> The key point here (and biggest advantage of Japanese cities) is that nearly every building is mixed-use by default,

Also, Japan generally has good mass transit throughout their cities, which essentially doesn't exist in the US. Less mass transit -> more cars -> need for parking -> larger buildings with setbacks to include parking -> less density -> less mass transit... Land use and transportation systems in the US have been co-evolved to the present sub-optimal state we have now.
by PaulHoule | 2026-01-16 15:45:57+00:00
I didn't believe the stress numbers on my Garmin watch were very meaningful until I started taking Nebivolol (an atypical beta blocker) because there were so many gaps (even when I was sitting) that I didn't feel I could eyeball them or trust averages over time.

Taking that drug, however, it sees far fewer gaps and I show up in the blue "rest" zone most of the time.

I've been watching my heart rate a lot in the last month part because of health concerns and part because of a new stance I am practicing that has a physical component (e.g. adjusted gaits that are energy efficient) and a mental component, being an oceanic reservoir of calm with close mind-body-environment coupling 95% of the time but disconnecting that connection under peak stress -- like I am standing between two people who are screaming at each other and holding a barrier at my chest that I don't let my breathing cross and glance at my watch and my HR is 52 and it is not just the nebivolol talking because when I lose my shit it would be more like 70.

People taught me conventional Pranayama (diaphragmatic breathing) as a kid and it never helped me in "lose my shit" situations involving unstable environments and moral injury, with the intense practice I was doing recently it was clear to me that I was never going to do it better and I started researching emergency techniques for managing sympathetic overload and that one worked for me and now I feel like one of the people in [1] particularly when I show people my HRV web app [2] and demonstrate that I can turn my Mayer oscillation off

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanners_Live_in_Vain in the sense of ironclad autonomic control but with full sensory perception

[2] ... soon to be on Github
by Lerc | 2026-01-16 15:46:22+00:00
I don't think such genius is inhibited so much by distraction as it is by lack of support.

Either that or genius has coincidentally clustered around where the resources have been.

The world could be so much more vibrant if everyone was supported and nurtured.

In such a world, many might find much less need to distract themselves with trivialities.
by mgfist | 2026-01-16 15:46:25+00:00
> Where I live in the US the major landowner(s) and local billionaire(s) ultimately controls these things

Idk exactly what you mean by `major landowner(s)`, but where I live, zoning and permitting is controlled by retired people who own homes and have all the time to show up to 2pm meetings on Tuesdays and demand nothing new get built to "preserve character". They are landowners, but they're certainly not billionaires. The young people who need housing are working and thus can't show up, thus nothing gets built, creating a flywheel of stagnation and price increases.
by buellerbueller | 2026-01-16 15:46:32+00:00
>So when a city declares itself a 'sanctuary city'

...they are saying that because immigarion law is federal (as you point out) they will not assist in its enforcement.

>democrats to just bring in tens of millions of illegal immigrants

No one, except the immigrants themselves, brought the immigrants here. That's what makes one an immigrant....they immigrate.

>Why can't we just go back to having a rule of law?

This is a very apt question being asked daily of the Trump administration.
by herbertl | 2026-01-16 15:46:33+00:00
It's mentioned in the article that this is a (really good!) painted version of The Torment of Saint Anthony, an engraving by Martin Schongauer.

Michelangelo would go on to find his first patron, a Cardinal named Raffaele Riario, by forging a sculpture and artificially aging it (which, back then, was a conventional practice to demonstrate expertise and skill: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/how-a-forged-sculpture...)

Dishonesty aside, both stories are reminders that there's a power to doing stuff with your own two hands (not genning it), as well as not to let today's emphasis on originality take away from using imitation/transcription to practice your craft: https://herbertlui.net/in-defense-of-copycats/
by taeric | 2026-01-16 15:47:01+00:00
So many odd questions raised in this article. Literally each section seems to just hand wave a lot of things.

And, look, I am all for attacking some regulations; but I have to confess the requirement for multiple sinks is going to be far down my list of regulations that have to go. Odd to see it be one of the top mentioned ones, here.

The biggest question, for me, is raised when the complaint is dropped that we spend about an hour in the kitchen. I cannot believe that that is an meaningful number to compare between city and urban/rural living. Which, at large, is a big part of the problem with looking at anything from places like Tokyo. They have density that many in the US just don't understand.

The article even largely acknowledges this by comparing Manhattan pizza shops. A business model that you just can't magically make work in less dense cities.
by happytoexplain | 2026-01-16 15:47:29+00:00
>it shouldn't be illegal to like trash

Nobody is suggesting this.

>or to make money off of trash if people want to buy it

The article is about a chart, not a distribution platform. Regardless, we make laws controlling the ability to make money off of things people want to buy all the time - laws protect humans (idealistically) and our economy/incentives (realistically).

>The musicians who are afraid this is going to replace them are probably not doing much original or creative in the first place.

This is a lie. People of all creativity/originality levels are justified in believing that AI will improve.
by tstrimple | 2026-01-16 15:47:32+00:00
> they are very responsive to what their constituents' popular will

I don't think this is the case so much as their constituents are very responsive to the messaging from their politicians and media agencies. You can watch almost in real-time as Trump supporters 180 on things that they "really care about" like the Epstein files. Like the "peace" president. Like on inflation being a major issue. You can watch Trump do something outrageous, and the conservatives online act confused for a bit until they get their messaging and then they are all repeating the exact same excuses online.
by SunshineTheCat | 2026-01-16 15:47:34+00:00
Slightly off topic, but I am continually perplexed by so many adhering to this archaic idea that memorizing and regurgitating information is "learning."

The issue in this context is that there are very few "right" or "wrong" answers in business (there are some) but the vast majority of the decisions you will make in business are pros/cons and weighing the best option at the time. And what works for one business will not work for another.

I've always found quizzes and tests to be a giant waste of time, largely because they have you spend time trying to guess what the "teacher" or material wants you to say rather than what's actually beneficial or useful to what you're trying to accomplish.

A better alternative is to give "projects." Not busywork, but something specific you can do that can actually help you take steps toward launching or growing a business. (Not worksheets, something you can actually use).

Beyond all of this, the information isn't really valuable anyway unless it's coming from someone who has build numerous successful businesses and can provide insight into which pieces they found valuable and which they didn't.

Insight is always way more valuable than conventional wisdom, especially in the realm of business.
by mindslight | 2026-01-16 15:47:49+00:00
> flouting

It was never cities' job to enforce immigration law either, so legally cities were doing nothing wrong. Rather cities have been working to their own incentives about what best encourages residents to work with police and get local crimes solved.

Therefore, any so-called "flouting" is pure political speech. Why do you fascist cheerleaders always dress up Constitutionally-protected activity in emotionally charged language? "flouting", "belligerence", "disrespect", and so on.

It is however the job of the federal government to conform to the limits outlined in the US Constitution. So if we're talking about the legal situation here, it is the federal government that is in flagrant default causing chaos and mayhem in American cities.
by soared | 2026-01-16 15:47:51+00:00
Just 16 people voted in Glendale’s municipal election amid the pandemic

https://www.denverpost.com/2020/04/21/glendale-election-coro...

Glendale, Colorado is the quintessential example of this. Like 2,000 people live there due to insane gerrymandering, but there are tons of businesses and money moving around. The mayor gives crazy zoning benefits to his wife (strip club and dispensary on the main road, right next to target and chikfila) among other controversy. Dunafon controls the county with the help of other powerful players.
by pragma_x | 2026-01-16 15:47:58+00:00
> Note: you are going to get well under a 50% success rate here. Accept that most people flake. It may always feel painful (and nerds like us often are rejection-sensitive). You have to feel your feelings, accept it, and move on.

This is an incredibly good point. Like all things of this nature, I liken the process to panning for gold. In truth, you may not want to invest in people that aren't all that invested in you or the activity at hand. It stinks that the success rate is lower than chance, but it's probably better this way.
by aebtebeten | 2026-01-16 15:48:22+00:00
(Pedantry) I doubt the real Diogenes would have cared about jurisdictions, laws, countries or borders:

Aristippus: if you'd learn to flatter the king, you wouldn't have to eat lentils

Diogenes: if you'd learn to eat lentils, you wouldn't have to flatter the king