MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ProllyInfamous | 2026-01-21 00:32:48+00:00
>what are the transaction costs like for buying and selling physical gold/silver?

This depends on soooo many factors (mainly: mint, store, and your relationship(s) within). I buy and sell both stocks and bullion on long-term (years), and am typically only selling when I get over-extended on a project (construction renovations) and absolutely need liquidity [e.g: today's visit]. Young-forty-something.

But today at my US coin store (in a no-tax state), you could buy/sell a Canadian Mapleleaf (an ounce of 99.99% gold in easily-recognizable coin format) for 2.5% spot. For real physical gold that you can hold & hear (isn't fake/heavily-leveraged "paper gold").

I never recommend anybody transacts less than an ounce because the fees rapidly increase on smaller denominations (e.g. tenths are fee-prohibitive, other than as less-expensive gifts for recent graduates). Buy ounce coins, long-term, at regular intervals (no timing the market, only time IN the market!).

Silver is a wildcard, at least at my local shops. Today it cost me 6.5% to unload a few hundred ounces — which sucks, but shops are buying lots of silver right now given its recent increases; this increases their risk (should the market correct, which it probably will around $100 IMHO). Typically this would have been about 4.5% — still, I more than quadrupled my original investment (from just a few years ago).

So definitely you shouldn't be buying/selling bullion short term (fees will eat you alive!) — but it is always nice to have an emergency fund that isn't fiat (i.e. losing value guaranteed) but is also immediately convertible back into currency (no mail / ACH / bank delays).

I have about a year of my normal income in physical bullion. Most I've been holding on to for years — which is how you should transact physical metals. Timing any market is impossible... it doesn't always even rhyme.

[•] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dollar_cost_averaging

Disclaimer: I am a forty-something electrician — not your financial advisor — and am the type of risk-taker that has "stupidly" taken 10% of his paycheck in bitcoin/bullion, since 2013.
by deminature | 2026-01-21 00:33:04+00:00
Other manufacturers are likely to use the same panel as the new XDR and Studio display. The peak display tech this year will be the same glossy, high refresh rate mini LED used in the Apple displays, sold by third parties for a more reasonable price. You have to compromise a bit on the design, but in return you get a sensible price, much greater input connectivity and 'dual mode' which is useful if you want to also use it for gaming.

Here's the third party version of the upcoming 5K studio display refresh - 271KRAW16, 5K 27" 165hz glossy with mini led backlight https://www.tweaktown.com/news/109565/msi-unveils-worlds-fir...
by awkii | 2026-01-21 00:34:18+00:00
I'll take a contrarian view here. Disclaimer: I'm interpreting "safe" as in "usability". I've been driving Ubuntu for years for gaming purposes, and it's come a long way. Most drivers are installed out-of-the box. The apps I care about run just fine.

But.... Relative to MacOS Ubuntu is certainly not as user-friendly. It's worth noting that Linux distros will force you to confront the command line at some point. If you come from OS-es where the most technical thing you have to do is pop open settings to set screen-share permissions or "right-click -> open" to install a package, you'll notice a stark difference.
by jauntywundrkind | 2026-01-21 00:34:59+00:00
What had Qwen3-coder rejected? Right now that seems like the strongest recommendation. GLM-4.7-Flash seems very promising but is so new.

Gemma3 is also very good. Nanbeige-4 is supposedly incredibly capable. Both are very small. https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-3-4b-it https://huggingface.co/Nanbeige/Nanbeige4-3B-Thinking-2511

Ideally IMO, you should probably build little tools or a multi-tool for doing the work you want done. Rather than having LLMs having to figure out what needs to be done, doing a more code mode style of development and giving the LLM's the ability to call your tool will be far faster and far more consistent with far lower resources. Tiny models like FunctionGemma will be able to take simple commands and get the work done, very fast, with very little resources. Anthropic wrote this up, citing also CloudFlare calling it Code Mode. https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/technology/developers-... https://www.anthropic.com/engineering/code-execution-with-mc...

(Note that while Anthropic is suggesting MCP for their "code mode" direction, and while writing MCP's is super easy: writing a cli tool can have just as good as a results! And is often easier for humans to work with!)
by RiverCrochet | 2026-01-21 00:35:06+00:00
I was surprised as well as it's something I turn off on devices I control and I haven't really assumed it was a thing. But recently at a friends house I decided to install upnpc on my Linux laptop and give this a try:

| upnpc -a 192.x.x.x 8080 80 tcp

And to my surprise it just worked. This friend just upgraded to fiber and had just received a new router.
by amluto | 2026-01-21 00:35:37+00:00
The one thing that I find bizarre about this: why did Cloudflare feel inspired to special-case /.well-known/acme-challenge at all? The only thing I can think of is that clients were having caching issues (Cloudflare caching the challenge value, clients forgetting to set cache-control headers, and challenges therefore failing), but that seems like a bit of a weak reason to special-case anything. Anyone using Cloudflare should already know how to set cache control headers.
by GenerWork | 2026-01-21 00:36:09+00:00
>The supposed US trade war on China has resulted in their GDP growing by a massive 5% last year.

I'd take those numbers with a grain of salt. China is known to play with the numbers to hit goals when they feel that they need to.

>The US will be plummeted into massive recession by those sudden changes, while the rest of the world merely trades with whoever are the winners.

The massive devaluation in the dollar would mean that the country would become incredibly attractive for manufacturing exports, which would prevent a massive recession.

>If, for example, China decides that it finally wants a consumer economy, and the Renminbi becomes a partial reserve currency, the consumer demand will be absolutely massive.

If you think that China is going to shut down the majority of its factories, move them to other countries, and let their currency float freely (well, freer than it is today), you're delusional.
by kayfox | 2026-01-21 00:36:31+00:00
Airlines don't negotiate prices based on the exact options selected, they select a list of options and then negotiate on price from there. This particular option does not appear to have a price associated with it, it just increases the cost of training and documentation for pilots and some airlines would opt out of using it.

People talking about MCAS seem to simultaneously pound the line that everything on the aircraft the pilots encounter should be trained for and forget that adding new stuff to the flight displays will incur additional training that an airline may not want to deal with.
by didibus | 2026-01-21 00:37:06+00:00
I understand, but retired people rank highest on the happiness index, same as children, and the thing they have in common is nothing to do but play, relax, and have fun. Social housing probably doesn't allow for any form of play, and it's just scrapping by level of "surviving". I don't think it's a good example, and letting those people instead work 12h days, 7 day a week, at some repetitive, low pay, job, isn't gonna be all that better, and might be even more horrible.
by csnover | 2026-01-21 00:37:07+00:00
> Why are you so insistent that people don’t do what they clearly seem to do?

I’m not rejecting the idea that people fixate on stimuli that produce anger. The question is why they do that, and the answer is unlikely to be “people just want to be angry”.

> Why is that hypothesis so unbelievable?

Because it runs counter to the best available literature I am aware of and is a conclusion based on a superficial observation which has no underlying theoretical basis, whereas the hypothesis I present is grounded in some amount of actual science and evidence. Even the superficial Wikipedia article on anger emphasises the role of threat response here. Mine isn’t, as far as I can tell, some fringe position; it is very much in line with the research. It is also in line with my personal experience. “People just want to be angry” is not.

It is important to understand that the things people try to avoid through gossip, exaggeration, and expressions of anger are not all mortal threats. They can also be very mundane things like not wanting to eat something that they just think tastes bad. So make sure not to take the word “threat” too narrowly when considering this hypothesis.

I don’t have any skin in the game here other than an interest in the truth of the matter and a willingness to engage since I find this sort of thing both interesting and sociologically very important. If you or anyone have some literature to shove in my face that offers some compelling data in support of the “people love feeling angry” hypothesis, then sure, I would accept that and integrate that into my understanding of human behaviour.
by anonymous908213 | 2026-01-21 00:37:19+00:00
> If you contact a company to report a bug, and that company routes it to some third party support contractor

That is not what happened, though. You can contact Valve/Steam directly. They specifically went to the third-party vendor, because the third-party vendor offers a platform to give them credit and pay them for finding security exploits. It is not the responsibility of the third-party vendor to manage all bug reports.
by Waterluvian | 2026-01-21 00:37:33+00:00
Download QGIS and you can just play with hundreds of projections. If you want Greenland as small as possible, pick a conical or planar projection meant for the southern hemisphere. It’ll pretty much stop existing if done right. If done wrong, it’ll grow to gargantuan proportions and surround us all. But I’m sure you’ve got additional criteria.

(Horray I reached my annual use of my geography degrees early this year!)
by justin66 | 2026-01-21 00:39:12+00:00
We’ve apparently abandoned the meaning of the word “best,” for staters.

> For countries outside the US, it would actually not be a bad scenario.

I really don’t think I can help you, but the two obvious crazy ideas encompassed here are that civil wars never turn into wider regional conflicts and that losing a major trading partner never tanked an economy. Or that the ideological conflict here won’t possibly spread anywhere else (did you not even notice Vance and Musk’s support of afd ?) Good luck with all that.
by rainsford | 2026-01-21 00:39:25+00:00
Looking at it in terms of the direct near-term military benefit of NATO in a conflict with China is focusing on the wrong thing. The real question isn't how strongly NATO membership would directly benefit the US military in a conflict with China; it's how strongly the act of blowing up the NATO relationship would negatively impact the US ability to deal with China in a future conflict. And those are two extremely different questions.

Are the French going to be parking the Charles de Gaulle alongside American aircraft carriers in the Taiwan Strait if push comes to shove in the Pacific? I wouldn't entirely discount it. But maybe more importantly, even if they're not, does making an enemy of the EU negatively impact the ability of the US to park American aircraft carriers there? Certainly damage to the Atlantic trade relationship is unlikely to do the US any favors economically, which is important if the US wants to keep funding the Navy. And a potential loss of European controlled military bases has the potential to negative effect the US military's logistics, which is where the real superpower status comes from. Maybe most significantly, how would such a shift in alliances impact the willingness of Pacific allies to support the US, which obviously does have a direct impact on any conflict with China.
by TacticalCoder | 2026-01-21 00:39:28+00:00
> Who has 8 week vacations, let alone 12? No European country I’m aware of, but I didn’t check all…

All teachers and most politicians. Teachers do enjoy the same vacation as students: schools aren't open during vacation. Two months of vacation + 6 additional weeks of vacation during the year + a few special one-day holidays.

As for politicians: my stepfather was working at a national parliament but only when there would be official questions and only when these would be in his native tongue (country had two official languages). And when the country would be without a government, he'd have as much as 500 days (500 days: you read correctly, and it didn't happen once but twice) of vacations. It's only if there was a super urgent matter where the parliament would be opened that he'd have to work: so he'd quickly hop on a plane and go back to his native country.

So "who": some public servants. Not all but some public servants definitely do enjoy 8 to 12 weeks of vacation and even much more than that.

At the expense of working, taxpaying, citizens.

EDIT: for the 500 days... He would not know beforehand it'd be 500 days. He'd just know there was no government anymore. So he was fully paid but basically had to do jack shit until there'd be a government again. Which nobody could tell when it'd happen. But you read correctly: half a thousand days+. You all read that correctly. His vacation on the sunny french riviera paid by the taxes of the people.
Show HN: On-Device (Offline) AI SDK for iOS (LLMs, Vision and Stable Diffusion)
by bigman1113 | 2026-01-21 00:39:45+00:00
Hi HN, I’m building Kuzco, a Swift SDK for running AI models locally on Apple devices (iPhone, iPad, Mac, Vision Pro). The goal is to make “offline + private AI” feel like a normal dependency you can drop into a SwiftUI/UIKit app, without standing up servers or paying per-token API fees.
What it does - Text generation with token streaming (chat style UX) - Vision AI (analyze images locally) - Image generation via Stable Diffusion - Model manager to download and manage on-device models

Developer experience - create a session with a model - stream tokens as they generate - optionally get a full response (There’s a code snippet on the homepage showing the exact flow.)

Why I’m posting I’d love feedback from iOS devs (and anyone shipping on-device inference) on: - What would make this a “must use” SDK for you - What models you’d want supported first (small, fast, good-enough vs bigger, slower, better) - What your biggest pain is today: performance, model downloads, UX, memory, app size, safety, etc.

If you want updates / early access when it’s ready to share broadly, there’s a waitlist on the site (no credit card).

https://kuzco.co/
by tomwheeler | 2026-01-21 00:39:48+00:00
This is insufficient, since the 22nd amendment only limits the number of terms to which a president can be elected. A president can legally serve longer than that.

For example, consider a president who dies in office a few days into the term. The VP becomes president, serves out the remainder of that four-year term and then be elected for two more terms. The statute of limitations would therefore need to be 12 years or more to have the desired effect.
by tadfisher | 2026-01-21 00:40:22+00:00
> If each of my devices gets an Internet routable IPv6 address, at that point, that security-as-a-side-effect is not guaranteed unless my router has a default-deny firewall. I would hope that any routers would ship with that.

They usually do, and they also ship with the most wonderful technology ever specified within a 67 MB compressed archive [0]: UPnP! Now your attacker's job is to convince you to initiate an outgoing connection, which automatically forwards an incoming port to your device behind the NAT and bypassing the router's default-deny firewall! Nothing has ever gone wrong with a zero-configuration port-forwarding protocol from the 1990s rammed through the ISO!

[0]: https://openconnectivity.org/developer/specifications/upnp-r...
by bdamm | 2026-01-21 00:40:54+00:00
California has already invested a lot into reservoirs. In fact, as a pilot, I recall noticing that nearly all lakes in California are actually man-made reservoirs. I doubt there is much room left for economically building more; all the easy ones have been taken, and more. Surely the cost benefit of just investing a lot into desalination must be getting close.
by al_borland | 2026-01-21 00:41:09+00:00
A principal engineer at Google posted on Twitter that Claude Code did in an hour what the team couldn’t do in a year.

Two days later, after people freaked out, context was added. The team built multiple versions in that year, each had its trade offs. All that context was given to the AI and it was able to produce a “toy” version. I can only assume it had similar trade offs.

https://xcancel.com/rakyll/status/2007659740126761033#m

My experience has been similar to yours, and I think a lot of the hype is from people like this Google engineer who play into the hype and leave out the context. This sets expectations way out of line from reality and leads to frustration and disappointment.
by MobiusHorizons | 2026-01-21 00:41:26+00:00
Fun fact I have actually had an sbc get hacked because I didn’t change the default password. I thought it would be reasonably safe for a few days because I knew the VLAN it was on had NAT and the associated firewall rules that deny inbound packets without outbound. But it turned out ipv6 was also enabled on that VLAN with no firewall. Left a bad taste in my mouth over a decade later even if it was a misconfigured firewall rather than an inherent issue with ipv6.
by fuzztester | 2026-01-21 00:42:12+00:00
and "means little" to who?
to you, maybe. what a stupid statement.

india is many many times bigger than nepal in area.

and with a much higher population. world's highest, in fact.

google both those points.

no one except you, in the whole wide world, gives a flying fuck about how 'extensively" you have eaten those cuisines.

don't give yourself airs and pretend to speak for the rest of the whole world.
by tsoukase | 2026-01-21 00:42:46+00:00
Where I live, in nearby villages of 300-500 people living in sparse uninsulated family homes you can almost faint from air pollution (temps at +-0C). Wood (>10tn per 100sqm) or coal can severely impact the local environment. So a dozen dirty chimneys are enough let alone thousands of people allowed to burn anything flammable. No industry can rival this.
by hocuspocus | 2026-01-21 00:43:02+00:00
Re: lawful interception, when carriers switch to IMS registration (as required by Apple) they should also get access to Jibe's standardized API for law enforcement tools (there's a spec for that, I forgot its name). However, just the fact RCS payloads are E2EE in Android-to-Android communications (and soon Android-to-iOS too, hopefully) might already be illegal in some places.

Google flip-flopping around its mobile IM strategy for a decade and then around carriers with RCS is getting harder and harder to understand. Pulling the rug under carriers in developing countries, who weren't interested in the drug dealer marketing tactics, is only going to solidify Meta's dominance, as doing business with WhatsApp has proven to be a much safer and saner bet all along.
by waynesonfire | 2026-01-21 00:43:35+00:00
Not at all impressed... a giant TV with garbage PPI.

"That gets close to the sharpness of higher-resolution laptops. The current MacBook Pro still beats it, though, with 254 ppi."

Macs have set the bar: let me know when you get a 254 ppi 27" inch OLED monitor.
by gottorf | 2026-01-21 00:43:58+00:00
> the white supremacist views and actions that were perpetuated, emboldened, and exported by the reconstructionist south (not that the north was innocent, far from it, but the majority of the burden inarguably on the south)

Well, the south was the only place where there were any appreciable amounts of nonwhite people. "White supremacy" was just "the way things are" in the north, because they pretty much only had white people.

In 1900, decades after the end of the Civil War, the south was about one-third black; every other region (midwest, northeast, west) were less than 2% black.
by saulpw | 2026-01-21 00:45:39+00:00
Whoa there. You're making quite some assumptions about me, it seems. I'm in no way advocating for the present administration, not in strategy nor in tactics nor in any other way.

I do think that the US was not "doing just fine", clearly, because our society was not healthy or educated or sustainable enough to avoid our present fate. It's easy to blame 'them' for all our woes, when we collectively made 'them'. Obviously we can't prevent every idiot and psychopath from existing, but we've certainly failed some 30% of our population if they fall for this crap. And this is the price we pay.
by NeutralCrane | 2026-01-21 00:45:41+00:00
California leads in the value of goods sold, because it produces a lot of relatively expensive agricultural products like almonds, avocados, tomatoes, etc. Additionally, it’s a larger state, so it naturally will inflate the totals. If you look at food staples, and at the amount produced by square mile, the Midwest is definitely the main food producer of the US.
by djoldman | 2026-01-21 00:46:02+00:00
> Second, I learned that cheating, however lightly, is now considered a major crime. It might result in the student being banned from any university in the country for three years. Discussing exam with someone who has yet to pass it might be considered cheating. Students have very strict rules on their Discord.

> I was completely flabbergasted because, to me, discussing "What questions did you have?" was always part of the collaboration between students.

I suspect that lots of intelligent and diligent students hate our new world of AI because they probably find it more likely now that they could be accused of and disciplined for something they didn't do.
by cyberax | 2026-01-21 00:46:08+00:00
Sure, a default deny is a good idea. However, it's not _critical_. If you forget to enforce it on your NAT router, you'll be fine. And if you are behind a CGNAT, it's even safer.

In IPv6 it becomes absolutely essential. If you forget to include it, your network becomes wide open. And you don't have an easy way to detect this because you need an external service to probe your network.

> NAT is not a firewall. It is address translation. It will not drop packets.

Yes, it is a firewall because it enables the address space isolation.