MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by 7bit | 2026-01-05 10:12:11+00:00
Anecdotally, yesterday I launched the Windows sandbox to investigate some files and noticed that notepad.exe was not available. A quick research revealed that this is because notepad.exe was replaced by the modern variant with Colipot and shit, which is an AppX package (Windows Store file format). And since the store was ripped out of the sandbox, there's no Notepad in it.

I'm not sure I would say Microsoft forgot about the store. I think Microsoft is like a Dog that has no head, no legs, only tails. And these tails have their own will and don't care about the dog in the slightest.
by colordrops | 2026-01-05 10:12:44+00:00
At first I thought this was going to be some LLM thing. I had an idea a while ago, "context-based module development", that I started on a prototype of but never followed up on. The idea is to have a standard format for defining modules, black boxes with interfaces and clear definitions, that can be composed hierarchically. Module definitions and their code should not be larger than the context window of an LLM. As long as each module is well defined and tested and treated like a black box, you could have a system composed of both human and AI built modules that should behave as expected and be somewhat comprehensible. Not all architectures would work with this and I don't know if it would have worked in the end, but I do expect that at some point a more formal system for defining software from the ground up for AI development will emerge.
by sipofwater | 2026-01-05 10:12:50+00:00
* "Trump Boasts of New ‘Donroe Doctrine’ – but What Is It?": https://www.newsweek.com/trump-boasts-new-donroe-doctrine-11... (www.newsweek.com/trump-boasts-new-donroe-doctrine-11304308), https://archive.ph/8LtMO

* "What happened to America First, US asks as Trump strikes Venezuela" "Seizing Nicolás Maduro jars with the isolationist views of much of Trump’s voting base — but he believes America’s back yard is his domain": https://www.thetimes.com/us/american-politics/article/donald... (www.thetimes.com/us/american-politics/article/donald-trump-america-first-venezuela-attack-us-3whcbw2tl), https://archive.ph/jOSKe

* "Trump's snatching of Maduro shows a new level of unrestrained global power": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46476061

* "Trump's Venezuela operation polarizes world leaders": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46481753

* "Mafia States: Organized Crime Takes Office (2012)": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46486260
by chaosite | 2026-01-05 10:13:13+00:00
The only place PFAS is used in an FDM printer is the filament guide some printers have. That's a Teflon tube that the filament travels in towards the hotend.
Bowden style printers tend to have a long tube, direct drive printers sometimes have a short tube fully contained in the hotend assembly.

I don't see how PFAS can be used as a filament in FDM printer. It's not a thermoplastic, that's one of its advantages as a material.
by mirzap | 2026-01-05 10:13:31+00:00
Yup, I agree. And this is why I think mass surveillance isn’t just another technology to regulate. The chilling effect isn’t misuse; it’s the default: continuous, opaque observation changes behavior by itself. Because it’s centralized and unavoidable, people self-censor and conform; you don’t need arrests once everyone assumes they’re being scored.

We don’t yet have long-run examples of fully algorithmic surveillance societies, so the outcome isn’t certain. But if these dynamics scale, the risk is trading experimentation for legibility. Problems get hidden, metrics look clean, and warning signals vanish. When real stress hits, responses are late and blunt - overcorrection, cascading failures, accelerated exit. Stability holds until it doesn’t.
by tgv | 2026-01-05 10:13:46+00:00
Sure, but you want restrictions. You can't get an annotation that magically eliminates (de)allocation errors. It comes at a cost. The advantage of this particular proposal is its simplicity, I think. Otherwise, you'd have to get into contracts with complex expressions and then you'll have to prove those expression hold, and before you know it, your program is filled with proof statements. At least, that's my (limited) experience in SPARK, where you even can't have pointers.
by PostOnce | 2026-01-05 10:14:41+00:00
I am testing a theory.

If my theory is true, you will reply to this comment.

My theory is that you are not a person using an LLM to edit text, but are automated.

If you are not automated, spare the reply.

If you are automated, then please do reply.

It's an imperfect test, but solves for simple automation.

If my theory is untrue, then welcome to HN and your contributions are appreciated.

If my theory is true, then the concept of a forum is in grave danger.
by 1dom | 2026-01-05 10:14:41+00:00
Thanks for the response, I appreciate it. If anyone's wrong here, I'd much rather it was me, if not just because that would mean we've not wasted millions of hours as a society chasing the SSG dragon! :')

I totally see where you're coming from, but you just said it yourself, SSGs don't actually solve any problems for you right now that cloudflare doesn't. A site of Jeffgeerling.com scale is the archetypal scale site that _should_ benefit from SSGs, but Cloudflare is the easier, and arguably better, solution to the traffic/bot/scale problem.

If the problem you hit with Drupal is that it was more and less than you needed and became a headache to maintain, you will hit the same problem with Hugo eventually.

The solution to that problem is to just write your own server side that does what you need. It's so much more fun and rewarding, and I'm confident if you did it, the output would be better. With modern servers and server side technologies, you would most likely not have a problem running your minimal MD->html server on your current VPS behind Cloudflare.

Worst case scenario is you spend your time dealing with problems or misunderstandings with your own code, at least that'll be a refreshing change to dealing with problem or misunderstandings in Drupal's or Hugo's code or decisions.

There's a time and a place for SSGs, and geerlingengineering is the perfect use case, because it has no real interactivity. But - again, please take this from a place of candour than intended offence - from a user perspective, in the process of migrating Jeffgeerling.com to hugo, comments and search have been broken. Your migration to Hugo has just begun, you did the easy hugo part and created a post suggesting it was done. But the extra phases and tickets for comments and search suggest there's no obvious and easy answer on how to finish migrating interactive bits to an SSG.

Custom server side software is a complete solution, SSGs restrict what your complete solution can be without being one themselves. Nobody really seems to mention this until they move away from SSGs.

(Sorry for the bluntness again! Thanks again for your content, I stumble across your stuff all the time. I migrated my dad from a Windows XP machine to a Pi, and your resources are particularly useful and accessible for both of us!)
by JazCE | 2026-01-05 10:15:24+00:00
> Really? Wanna give it a try then, without looking up any other documentation?

I mean, that's not the point of SO or any of the SE sites. It's not there so you don't have to do some more work to get to an answer.

From that answer, if you're still having issues, you form a question around:

"I found this answer on [SO](link), which lead me in this direction and found these [documents](link), however I am still having issues with getting the thing to work correctly when i run this bit of code, ```code```, from the output it says it's doing this or that, but when i check something, i find that it's not doing what it claims in the outputs. What might I have missed?"

And even then, that's still a fairly shaky question.

Most people don't know how to write questions, which is most of what this whole comment section is complaining about.
by lovich | 2026-01-05 10:16:10+00:00
> Beijing showed the way. We followed their path.

lol, just like China invented social credit scores which are for social control and definitely not like US credit scores which are just good business sense

Edit: to be clear I am saying this from a US centric viewpoint. China is catching up but they’ve been behind us for over a century tech wise and the US has been really good at pioneering new forms of injustice. I’m laughing at the idea that we were trailing behind them on learning new for handling their population
by TekMol | 2026-01-05 10:16:31+00:00
From my perspective on databases, two trends continued in 2025:

1: Moving everything to SQLite

2: Using mostly JSON fields

Both started already a few years back and accelerated in 2025.

SQLite is just so nice and easy to deal with, with its no-daemon, one-file-per-db and one-type-per value approach.

And the JSON arrow functions make it a pleasure to work with flexible JSON data.
by 1718627440 | 2026-01-05 10:17:16+00:00
The issue with binaries is when they are large, change often, is often a duplication of information already present, and that you can't diff them. A program is neither large, it doesn't change often, is not duplicate information and you don't want to diff them. IMHO this idea is fine, this is not added the build artifact in every commit type of situation.
by zipy124 | 2026-01-05 10:17:19+00:00
Actually I believe this graph is half of US-owned equities and mutual funds is owned by the top 1% of Americans right? This doesn't include other extremely large holders such as sovreign wealth funds like norway/singapore or very large pension funds like the ontario teachers fund etc....

The USA is rather unique in its low pensions compared to countries in the EU or Australia (notable for its high contribution rates).
by excelmatic | 2026-01-05 10:17:56+00:00
I’m Neu Gls, CEO of Excelmatic.ai.

We’re launching Excelmatic to end the "formula fatigue" that has plagued spreadsheets for decades. Most people use spreadsheets as thinking tools, but the manual busywork of data entry and formatting kills creativity.

Our mission is to make data accessible through simple conversation. No formulas. No VBA. Just your data and an AI that understands it.

The 4 Core Functions of Excelmatic
Based on our sidebar, here is how we are changing the workflow:

Chat With Excel Stop wrestling with nested VLOOKUPs or complex Pivot Tables. You can now talk to your spreadsheet like a colleague. Ask "What was our highest-growth region last quarter?" or "Clean up the formatting in column B," and the AI executes the logic for you.

Image To Excel Manual data entry is a relic of the past. If you have a photo of a printed ledger, a whiteboard session, or a screenshot of a table, simply upload it. Our OCR-to-Data engine parses the image and builds a structured, editable spreadsheet instantly.

PDF To Excel Extracting data from PDFs used to be a nightmare of copy-pasting and broken rows. This function identifies table structures within complex PDF documents and imports them perfectly into your workspace, preserving the original data integrity.

Excel To Dashboard Data is useless if it’s not understood. With one click, Excelmatic analyzes your current sheet and generates a visual dashboard. It selects the best charts (bar, line, scatter) to tell the story of your data, making you "presentation-ready" in seconds.

Why this matters
Spreadsheets are the original "thinking tool," but they haven't kept pace with the modern information environment. By moving from a syntax-first (formulas) to a natural-language-first (chat) interface, we’re democratizing data analysis for everyone—from finance pros to mom-and-pop shops.
by flohofwoe | 2026-01-05 10:19:15+00:00
> Actually, I would not be able to name a single dynamically typed language that has them.

That's because every type in a dynamically typed language is a tagged union ;) For instance in Javascript you need to inspect a variable with 'typeof' to find out if it is a string, a boolean, a number or something else.

In a dynamically typed language, the runtime system needs to carry information around what type an item actually is, and this is the same thing as the type-tag in a tagged union - and Rust's match is the same sort of runtime type inspection as the typeof in JS, just with slightly different syntax sugar.

> As for the memory allocation, I can't see why any object should have the size of the largest alternative.

When you have a Rust enum like this:

enum Bla {
AByte(u8),
AString(String),
AStruct{ x: i64, y: i64 },
}

...then every Bla object is always at least 16 bytes even when the active item is 'AByte' (assuming an empty String also fits into 16 bytes). Plain unions in C have the same problem of course, but those are rarely used (the one thing where unions are really useful in C (not C++!) is to have different views on the same memory).

> When I program in a language that has them then it's probably a sizeable fraction of all the types I define

...IMHO 'almost always sum types' is a serious design smell, it might be ok in 'everything is a reference' languages like Typescript, but that's because you pay for the runtime overhead anyway, no matter if sum types are used or not.
by peter_d_sherman | 2026-01-05 10:19:46+00:00
We know, minimally, from Perplexity's list above, that there exist multiple alternative DRAM manufacturers other than Micron, Samsung and SK Hynix, that have completed at least some of the barriers of entry to the high-end DRAM market, and possibly many...

We also know that the world is full of capital -- as you suggest.

That capital is continually looking for investment opportunities, and DRAM is a huge, huge market...

When capital invests in markets, any barriers to entry are moved, if not outright displaced (i.e., OpenAI, $1 billion, etc.).

Point is, we don't know what the future will hold...

I think it's a good bet that cheaper DRAM, DDR5 and otherwise, will be coming down the pike soon, once production catches up, once supply outpaces demand...
by dr_dshiv | 2026-01-05 10:20:13+00:00
If you are already paying $200-500/m… and you are doing the work of 10 people… I can totally see the value.

I’ll check the Terragonlabs option.

Lots of options for startups right now, selling pickaxes! I’m waiting for a better terminal experience, personally. I can’t deal with 30+ poorly named windows. I need to be able to search for that one thread I was working on yesterday…
by throwaw12 | 2026-01-05 10:20:18+00:00
I would like to propose a cap on net worth.

Realistically, if you have 300M, you and your direct family are settled for life. So, I want to propose 1B cap on net worth, if its more than that for 12 months straight, surplus goes to government, if your net worth is down after that, government obliges to return it partially to make it to 1B.

People, who are eager building things and innovating, will keep building regardless, power hungry will try to find other ways to enrich themselves, but eventually they will give up (e.g. having 10 kids, each with 1B net worth)
by 1dom | 2026-01-05 10:20:54+00:00
This is just server side search with more steps, since the index needs to be selectively split and returned, and then search results page generated from the index.

Sorry, I don't mean to come across as disagreeable. You're right, nothing is perfect, and this is obviously a workable and usable solution. My issue is if we analyse it beyond "it looks like it works", it starts to look like a slightly worse solution than what we already had.

Nothing wrong with moving backwards in some direction, as long as we can clearly point to some benefit we're getting elsewhere. My issues with SSGs is most of the benefits they offer end up undermined if you want any interactivity. This is a good example of that, as you end up compromising on build time and page load time compared to an SSR search solution.
by maelito | 2026-01-05 10:21:03+00:00
For https://cartes.app, I'm planning to code an extremely light version of the map tiles. Based on initial network speed, decide to load this style first, that just lets the user see the streets and and important places. Then load the rest.

This initial map style would be the equivalent of a "text-only" website.

Blocked by Vercel's turbopack bundle analyzer's bugs though, because before optimizing the tiles, I need to optimize the JS that loads the tiles.

I haven't figured a way to load a Maplibre map server side, so the JS must be ready before the map starts to get loaded.

https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/86731
by iamcalledrob | 2026-01-05 10:21:34+00:00
Not to mention the need for a code signing certificate, which even in 2026 is a gigantic and expensive hassle to obtain.

You can spend weeks of effort and hundreds of dollars just to ship an installable hello world app these days. The MS store takes care of signing, but there are other trade-offs.

The entire desktop TTHW (time to installable hello world) story is horrible across the board:

- Win: Decent tech foundation for updates made insufferable by code signing requirements.

- Mac: No update story, cobble together a bunch of tools/scripts, notarize releases with Apple (not very onerous), hope you don't ship an update that crashes at launch because you broke your updater too.

- Linux: No consensus on how to package. Bob wants a .deb, Alice wants a snap. Flatpak seems to be winning overall. The best tool to smooth over Win/Mac installer headaches (Conveyor) doesn't support flatpak. Bummer.
by anthk | 2026-01-05 10:22:59+00:00
So is the jump between W9X and NT based OSes, both in the kernel, graphics modes (GDI, Direct Draw vs Direct3D to draw the desktop, compositing window managers...) and the like. Specially after Windows 8 where Direct Draw it's slow as hell and you need to use WineD3D which runs ddraw.dll on top of OpenGL. But you can use Win32 on both.
by DrewADesign | 2026-01-05 10:23:15+00:00
Ok, so it didn’t even need upnp then. Are you talking about using their LAN head-to-head feature across the internet? Or perhaps all the times I used my switch on various networks to play head-to-head games it was… my imagination? Sure. If people had to consistently forward every port on their home router to play Fortnite, smash, etc. with a portable console you’d never hear the end of it. This is literally the first time I encountered someone saying this was a problem. Regardless, most people don’t buy routers— they use the ones their ISPs gave them, and I haven’t seen one of those come without upnp in at least a decade. You’re seeking out reasons to dislike NAT.
by lucideer | 2026-01-05 10:23:23+00:00
Apart from the apparent comparative ease of creation relative to GUIs (I suspect Electron apps may be easier than TUIs), I think the main benefits from a user perspective seems to be down to cultural factors & convention:

- TUIs tend to be faster & easier to use for cli users than GUI apps: you get the discoverability of GUI without the bloated extras you don't need, the mouse-heavy interaction patterns & the latency.

- keybindings are consistent & predictable across apps: once you know one you're comfortable everywhere. GUI apps are highly inconsistent here if they even have keybindings

- the more limited widget options brings more consistency - GUI widgets can be all sorts of unpredictable exotic

- anecdotally they just seem higher quality
by sometimes_all | 2026-01-05 10:23:46+00:00
Post title is a bit misleading. I see that Microsoft 365 still has the same name. The one-time purchases are still called Office 2024 or some such. It's just the umbrella android/iOS app where you can do all of office that's changed its name from "Microsoft Office" to "Microsoft 365 Copilot".

But still agree with the general sentiment that the branding is getting even worse than before.
by srean | 2026-01-05 10:24:16+00:00
>(swap x and y) and do it again.

This is a great diagnostic check for symmetry.

> Maybe this is what TLS does?

No, swapping just exchanges the relation. What one needs to do is to put the errors in X and errors in Y in equal footing. That's exactly what TLS does.

Another way to think about it is that the error of a point from the line is not measured as a vertical drop parallel to Y axis but in a direction orthogonal to the line (so that the error breaks up equally in X and Y directions). From this orthogonality you can see that TLS is PCA (principal component analysis) in disguise.
by loaderchips | 2026-01-05 10:24:39+00:00
TL;DR

The Problem: When your AI fails, "the algorithm did it" won't fly. Insurance, courts, and regulators need a human name.
The Pattern: Ships got captains. Bridges got licensed engineers. Planes got pilots. Medicine got attending physicians. Same reason: you can't punish "the team."
The Solution: System Liability Engineer (SLE) = one person who understands the system, has veto power, signs their name, and faces career consequences if it causes serious harm.
The Timeline: Insurance exclusions already at 28%. Courts asking "who was responsible?" by 2026. Mandatory by 2030. You can get ahead or get dragged.
The Litmus Test: Ask them: "If this system causes serious harm, are you prepared to explain it publicly and accept being fired?" If not "yes," they're not SLE.
Why It Works: AI can fake text, images, and code. It can't fake: years building reputation, a specific human body signing documents, finite career at stake, real legal consequences.
What To Do: Name one person SLE for your highest-stakes AI system this week. Give them veto power in writing. Have them map "who gets hurt, how badly." That's it—you're 80% there.
The Real Reason: When making truth-claims costs nothing, only institutions grounded in irreversible human cost survive. The SLE is that cost.
by WackyFighter | 2026-01-05 10:24:42+00:00
It is more to do with the fact that vast majority of people aren't going to bother subscribing to an RSS feed. I am on a freelancer slack group that supposed to have a RSS feed for jobs. The feed is often broken for weeks because most people don't use it.

Even when it isn't broken the display output is broken in Thunderbird because the dev isn't going to bother checking Thunderbird as many people don't use email clients like that anymore and instead use webmail.

I never have used RSS that much as normally if I want to check for new things on a site, I will just go to the site and look myself.
by cess11 | 2026-01-05 10:26:39+00:00
Jewish law on this topic is like a thousand years older than the prophet Muhammad, or more, it's not exactly clear when the contents of Leviticus first stabilised.

As for pork as food, it's as old as neolithic societies. Wild boars were a very popular food source, hence why they were eventually domesticated. Now pigs don't produce tasty milk in the same way sheep, goats and cows do, but they produce a lot of meat and offspring without being picky about diet.

Leviticus does not say 'pig meat makes your tummy ill and then you die, so obviously don't eat it', instead it says 'pigs don't chew cud, hence they're impermissible', and frames it as a cultic uncleanliness, similar to contact with menstruating women or somesuch. People don't get parasites and die from a hug with a menstruating woman, but there are still rules in early judaism about it and as far as I know no speculations about it being in any way health related.

If pork wasn't a main meat in Egypt and the Levant in like the bronze age, then it would likely not have been a prominent diet rule in early judaism. G-d has this tendency to make up rules about stuff that people do rather than stuff that they already don't. When it's about things that people don't have to be constrained from doing or encouraged to do that they're already keen on doing, the genre tends to be poetry rather than law.