MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by hexbin010 | 2025-12-04 21:34:30+00:00
> What's a VPN though

It really is easy. You can not outsmart lawmakers here, if they are determined enough.

It doesn't have to be 100% perfect, just 80% plus some messaging (edit: and harsh penalties). Do you not accept this?

As to wording of the law, eg:

"A Commercial VPN is defined as a service offered to the public for remuneration that routes internet traffic through servers to obscure the subscriber's IP address or apparent geographic location, where the primary purpose is to provide anonymity or circumvent geo-restrictions."

"A Business VPN is defined as a virtual private network operated by or on behalf of an organisation to enable employees, contractors, or authorised agents to securely access the organisation's internal network resources; connect geographically separate premises of the same organisation; or comply with data protection or security obligations."
by skippyboxedhero | 2025-12-04 21:35:00+00:00
Unfortunate you have been downvoted because this is definitely the case. I am not actually sure that anyone disagrees with this, UK governments on both the left and right have identified this.

Ten years ago in the UK getting disability money for autism meant being non-verbal, requires extensive in-home care, unable to live independently, etc. Whatever you think about the definitions, it is very clearly not the same now and refers exclusively to some kind of social disorder. Rates of the former haven't changed significantly, rates of the latter are exploding.

When I say this, I don't think people understand the scale here: in some regions of the UK as much 40% of primary-school age children are disabled. Spending in this area is projected to bankrupt many local governments...to be clear, these are economic units with multi-billion pound budgets and responsibility for basic societal functions. It is difficult to understate the extent to which this is an issue.

I don't necessarily think people who engage in the over-diagnosis are ill-meaning: individuals are being given money to do this, psychologists are raking it in hand over fist, and the UK is now a place with a very effective disability lobby with lots of incentives to keep it all going. But it remains true despite all of this that it cannot continue.

Just imo, the damage done already is close to irretrievable. The situation in UK schools is dire: teachers are frequently attacked physically (in some regions in the UK, this is so frequent and so little support is provided because of the inability to exclude "disabled" children that there are frequent staff walkouts), typical classes have 5-6 ASD assistants at all times, behaviour is so poor that other children are unable to learn, parenting of these children is non-existent because parents gain financially and the incentives to blame a medical condition rather than poor parenting are clear, etc. If you consider other trends, it is dire...we are talking about most of the workforce entrants coming out: many unable to speak English, can't perform basic tasks without support, zero impulse control, usually claiming benefits straight out of secondary...it is so bleak.
by acemarke | 2025-12-04 21:35:17+00:00
Hi. I'm the current Redux maintainer, and have been since Dan handed it over to me in mid-2016, one year after he created Redux. It's also worth noting that Dan never used Redux on a real app (that I know of), whereas I've spent years maintaining Redux and Redux Toolkit and designing APIs based on the needs of our users.

Redux is still by far the most widely-used state management library in React apps. Some of that _is_ legacy usage, sure. But, our modern Redux Toolkit package has ~30M downloads a month. Zustand has become very popular as a client-side state option, and React Query is now the default standard data fetching tool, but you can see that even just RTK is still right up there in monthly NPM downloads:

- https://npm-stat.com/charts.html?package=redux&package=%40re...

I've frequently talked about the original reasons for Redux's creation, which of those are still relevant, and why Redux is still a very valid option to choose even for greenfield projects today:

- https://blog.isquaredsoftware.com/2024/07/presentations-why-...
by OhMeadhbh | 2025-12-04 21:35:25+00:00
Dude lost me at the first sentence: "The students at America's elite universities are supposed to be the smartest, most promising young people in the country."

Very clearly the author has never visited Stanford or UCB.

Which is to say, "elite" universities do not base admissions solely on what I assume they mean when they say "smartest."
by ACCount37 | 2025-12-04 21:35:29+00:00
Or so you think. Humans aren't any good at that whole "self-awareness" thing.

Even the "no empathy" sociopaths can spend decades thinking that they're perfectly normal, everyone is like them, and people just pretend to be sad and grieving at the funerals because that's some kind of established convention and breaking it would be very rude.

What I'm saying is: maybe you just think you don't show any signs of autism - because you think your experience is "normal", and you think that everyone has the same struggles as you do, even when it isn't true.

Or maybe you genuinely aren't autistic at all! It's just very, very hard to say at a glance.
by hippo22 | 2025-12-04 21:36:07+00:00
> I think this is because people are understandably frustrated and frightened, and they're digging their heels in.

Yes, I completely agree. But my question is, why are people afraid and frustrated? Is Trump truly uniquely abhorrent, or is popular opinion being swayed by media narrative?

For instance, you say congress authorized drone strikes, but not everyone in congress agrees about Biden’s drone strikes: https://www.politico.com/news/2021/07/27/democrats-biden-som...

And Obama famously killed a US citizen with drone strikes.

But again, my point isn’t to say that drone strikes good or bad. As you said, past administrations also did bad things. I’m simply observing that, in my opinion, the current administration is not so different. At least not different enough to justify a highly elevated level of fear.

I’m an avid NYT reader, and it’s impossible to avoid news about Trump. The things I read seemed terrible at face value, and it makes me afraid. But when I really dig in, I find that the facts are generally misrepresented.

Here’s a relevant example about a narrative of fear from the today’s NYT: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/12/04/us/ice-arrest...

The headline on the front page of the app, which differs from the article’s true headline, is “ICE Crackdowns Have Captured Few Immigrants With Criminal Records, Data Shows”

When you click into the article, the “data” actually shows that 67% of captured immigrants have criminal charges. The headline is misleading.

Ostensibly, the headline meant that “ICE crackdowns in specific cities pick up fewer immigrants compared to the nationwide ICE average”. Should we expect them to? I don’t know.

Then, when you think about the data even more, you realize that the only way the nationwide ICE data could differ substantially from the selected city-specific data is if the city-specific data only made up a small portion of total ICE activity. So another interpretation of the data is “Small ICE operations in US cities is less effective at capturing immigrants with criminal history compared to ICE operations nationwide.”

I’m not commenting on whether or not ICE operations are good or bad. I just genuinely feel there is a narrative that is making people feel more afraid than is truly warranted.
by birthdaywizard | 2025-12-04 21:36:22+00:00
A little tangential since this is more about gating white supremacist content than violence or sex, but I was on 4chan when it was being infiltrated by genuine white supremacist organizations and Russians that talked about how manly Assad was to influence teenagers interested in anime. I had people in real life to talk to about these things so I narrowly escaped the influence. Looking at the current state of the US, not everyone did. That being said, despite my hope that older people would be less prone to such influence, it doesn't always seem to be the case.
by jaredklewis | 2025-12-04 21:36:33+00:00
The braille example you give makes absolutely perfect sense. The blind student is being evaluated same as the other students and the accommodation given to the blind student (a Braille version of the test) would be of no use to the other students.

But extra test time is fundamentally different, as it would be of value to anyone taking the test.

If getting the problems in Braille helps the student demonstrate their ability to do Calculus, we give them the test in Braille. If getting 30 minutes of extra time helps all students demonstrate their ability to do calculus, why don't we just give it to all students then?
by mrguyorama | 2025-12-04 21:36:55+00:00
There is no setting to revert back to the very reliable and high quality "AI" autocomplete that reliably did not recommend class methods that do not exist and reliably figured out the pattern I was writing 20 lines of without randomly suggesting 100 lines of new code that only disrupts my view of the code I am trying to work on.

I even clicked the "Don't do multiline suggestions" checkbox because the above was so absurdly anti-productive, but it was ignored
by kyuksel | 2025-12-04 21:37:06+00:00
Adding a bit of detail: this work tries to replace the standard numerical pipeline (expected returns → covariance → optimizer) with structured reasoning steps.

Two components: • A correlation tree is repurposed as a tournament bracket. At each node, the LLM allocates “selection slots” across branches and performs eliminations inside correlation regimes. • A qualitative evolution loop compares portfolio variants using a rubric (business quality, durability, diversification, resilience) and accepts improvements iteratively — without any explicit optimization objective.

The interesting aspect is not the performance but the explainability: every elimination and mutation step is text-auditable.

Curious whether others have experimented with LLM-based reasoning loops as substitutes for classical optimization in areas outside finance.
by cocoto | 2025-12-04 21:37:14+00:00
> Kids can access the internet in all kinds of places outside the home, and outside the purview of their parents supervision. Schools, libraries, friend's houses, public wifi anywhere.

Then these places should make sure kids are not doing wrong things on the web on their machines. Just like a shop should make sure to not sell alcohol to kids. A library should have some kind of web filter anyway to at least block porn.
by dctoedt | 2025-12-04 21:37:52+00:00
> Almost nothing I do in my day to day job comes close to being as time-boxed or arbitrarily restrictive as exams were in college.

An unpleasant fact of law-school faculty life is that, at least at my school, I'm required to grade students so that the average is between 3.2 (a high B) and 3.4 (a low B-plus). Because of the nature of my course [0], a timed final exam is about the only realistic way to spread out The Curve.

[0] https://toedtclassnotes.site44.com/Syllabus.html
by khannn | 2025-12-04 21:38:13+00:00
Apples and oranges comparison. RAM works forever while eggs only keep someone full for 4 to 6 hours. I'd honestly like to see the amount of time someone is full from eating eggs vs the average daily screen time vs the cost of both, lets say the service life of the phone is 36 months with the cost of the eggs averaged out for that three year period.
by vel0city | 2025-12-04 21:38:38+00:00
Canon has been working on an alternative to EUV lithography called nanoimprint lithography. It would be a bit closer to the idea of having an inkjet printer make the masks to etch the wafers. It hasn't been proven in scale and there's a lot of thinking this won't really be useful, but it's neat to see and maybe the detractors are wrong.

https://global.canon/en/technology/nil-2023.html

https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/nanoimprint-lithograph...

They'll still probably require a good bit of operator and designer knowledge to work around whatever rough edges exist in the technology to keep yields high, assuming it works. It's still not a "plug it in, feed it blank wafers, press PRINT, and out comes finished chips!" kind of machine some here seem to think exist.
by kyuksel | 2025-12-04 21:38:39+00:00
From a market microstructure perspective, the repeated emergence of similar indicator components was the most interesting outcome.

Across markets with very different behavior — crypto (jump-prone), FX (mean-reverting), equity indices (regime-switching) — the evolved indicators tended to modulate position sizing based on: • local entropy (as a proxy for noise/chaos) • short + medium horizon trend consistency • volatility bursts

This is consistent with the idea that markets penalize signals most during entropy spikes, regardless of asset class.

Would be interested in perspectives from people studying microstructure-aware signal generation.
by anigbrowl | 2025-12-04 21:38:45+00:00
This hasn't got the attention it deserves:

The cable, sent to all U.S. missions on December 2, orders U.S. consular officers to review resumes or LinkedIn profiles of H-1B applicants - and family members who would be traveling with them - to see if they have worked in areas that include activities such as misinformation, disinformation, content moderation, fact-checking, compliance and online safety, among others.

Dang and his family members could be ineligible to enter the United States under this policy. Anyone who has worked in or around social media to minimize abuse, toxicity, and propaganda is now considered to be at odds with the US in some fashion.
by echelon | 2025-12-04 21:39:10+00:00
Show of hands for backend web services development -

Who uses Django, Rails, or similar full-featured frameworks?

Who uses micro-frameworks like Flask?

Who uses enterprise Java, Jetty, Dot Net, etc.?

Who uses an entirely Javascript stack?

Who uses a non-traditional language that has become more web-servicey, like Go, Rust, or Swift?

Who uses something so wildly untraditional that it's barely mentioned? OkCupid using C++, etc.?

Who uses an entirely custom framework (in any language)?

Would really love to see a break down of who is using what, how people feel about their tech stack, etc.?
by dragonwriter | 2025-12-04 21:39:35+00:00
> Entitlements are funded by separate (FICA) taxes which form a significant portion of all federal income, they are called entitlements for that specific reason.

No, they aren't, categorically, and no, that’s not what the name refers to. Entitlements include both things with dedicated taxes and specialized trust funds (Social Security, Medicare), and things that are normal on-budget programs (Medicaid, etc.)

Originally, the name “entitlement” was used as a budget distinction for programs based on the principle of an earned entitlement (in the common language sense) through specific work history (Social Security, Medicare, Veterans benefits, Railroad retirement) [0], but it was later expanded to things like Medicaid and welfare programs that are not based on that principle and which were less politically well-supported, as a deliberate political strategy to drive down the popularity of traditional entitlements by association.

[0] Some, but not all, of which had dedicated trust funds funded by taxes on the covered work, so there is a loose correlation between them and the kind of programs you seem to think the name exclusively refers to, but even originally it was not exclusively the case.
by elicash | 2025-12-04 21:39:46+00:00
In what way is this like vibe-coding -- or do you just mean both are bad?

According to the report:

> The aircraft owner who installed the modified fuel system stated that the 3D-printed induction elbow was purchased in the USA at an airshow, and he understood from the vendor that it was printed from CF-ABS (carbon fibre – acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) filament material, with a glass transition temperature3 of 105°C.

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69297a4e345e3...

Isn't this simply a part that shouldn't have been allowed to be sold based on it being both faulty and also misleading?
by ErroneousBosh | 2025-12-04 21:39:52+00:00
Peugeot XUD, built from 1982 until the early 2000s, and then still built today as the DW8 which is basically just an XUD9 with a different head suitable for common-rail injection fitted.

The Rover V8 that powered the P5, P6, SD1, various Landrovers and Range Rovers up to the mid-2000s, TVRs, Morgans, and so on was first built as the Rover V8 in 1964 and only stopped mass production in 2006 - although blocks are still cast and you can buy a brand new one today. If you do, I don't need to tell you that there's no price tag because you already know what you're getting into.

They were based on an earlier Buick design, which makes it all the more hilarious when people freak out about finding an exotic imported engine specialist to work on their Discovery 2 in North America. Go and ask your grandad about old Buick smallblocks...
by alnwlsn | 2025-12-04 21:39:53+00:00
If you're looking at the "how" specifically:

This would play MIDI files, not MP3s. Midi files are the digital version of that book with the punched holes, it's a sequence of note events over time.

The physical book with holes forms a series of air valves. So what you do to convert it is attach a bunch of pneumatic solenoid valves instead. Then there is some interface board that lets you control a bunch of solenoids from a laptop. It's not really that complicated but you need one valve for each note, so you need a lot of them, and you have to physically plumb in each one to the organ.

Have a look at Look Mum No Computer, he does this kind of stuff: https://www.lookmumnocomputer.com/projects#/joans-church-org...
by creato | 2025-12-04 21:39:56+00:00
This might be a reasonable summary of the situation but I suspect it's vastly oversimplified. The trajectory of these businesses depends on more than who's name is at the top of the org chart. TI pivoting away from semiconductors and towards other goods may seem like a stupid move in hindsight, but even in hindsight it's not clearly the case. TI's move is basically them trying to be Apple or NVIDIA instead of Intel or TSMC. Because they failed at that, doesn't necessarily mean that attempting it was wrong.

And none of this necessarily has anything to do with Morris Chang personally. Many factors need to align for a company like TSMC to be successful. Morris Chang may be one of them, but there are other factors that may or may not have existed at TI. The claim that they didn't exist at TI because TI didn't like Morris Chang is not something we'll ever know for sure.
by carlCarlCarlCar | 2025-12-04 21:40:01+00:00
Autism emerges from higher intelligence: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4927579/

If anyone must be branded atypical (not saying anyone should but am willing to pushback on those who do) and in need of special attention it should be the historical story-mode dependent who cannot move on from childhood allegory.
by khannn | 2025-12-04 21:40:44+00:00
I have friends with kids, have siblings with kids, and indeed did grow up in the US. Ate cereal growing up with maybe some eggs on the weekend. My siblings feed their kids exactly what I described. My friends feed their kids the same. I have no idea how that is out of touch, but I grew up lower-middle class and that's my lived experience.
by fwip | 2025-12-04 21:41:00+00:00
Sort of. There are some things that a person entering a field is expected to know without needing to look them up, because if you don't know it you won't develop good intuition or be able to execute your work in a timely manner. Most of the stuff you learn in your freshman year is this type of thing, while the later years tend to have more open-book tests.

This is also the kind of thing that you check for in an interview - somebody who needs to look up how to write a for loop isn't going to get hired as a C programmer, and somebody who isn't familiar with Ohm's law will flunk their electronics interview. So there's a very pragmatic reason to make sure that students have the basics memorized.
by YY843792387 | 2025-12-04 21:41:03+00:00
This false dichotomy is still frustratingly all over the place. LLMs are useful for a variety of benign everyday use cases, that doesn't mean that they can replace a human for anything. And if those benign use cases is all they're good at, then the entire AI space right now is maybe worth $2B/year, tops. Which is still a good amount of money! Except that's roughly the amount of money OpenAI spends every minute, and it's definitely not "the next invention of fire" like Sam Altman says.
by 0_____0 | 2025-12-04 21:41:09+00:00
Hah! I've actually 3D printed a part of an intake before. Just as a prototype, to allow me to get a Keihin carb on a motorcycle that had a CV carb.

Printed it on an SLA machine though! I was concerned enough about chemical attack even then, even though it was a temporary part. Never really thought about doing it in filament.
by mlavrent | 2025-12-04 21:41:13+00:00
They do actually build internal tooling! They key is that it’s actually good enough that feedback to the limited, targeted, and quickly actionable. Microsoft’s internal was immature enough that the general feedback you’d always have is “this is unusable”, which is something the teams building the tools could probably figure out themselves before making the whole company spend time beta testing the tools.

The main point is that the tools need to be of a certain quality/maturity for dogfooding to be effective.
by matheusmoreira | 2025-12-04 21:41:21+00:00
> I don't think you'll find many people want to join your cause if you are this aggressive.

If I come off as aggressive, it's only because of my exasperation due to people sacrificing freedom for video games of all things. Online games that will be dead after a couple years. What a colossal waste.

Anyway, I'm no politician. I'm actually very close to giving up on these so called "causes", precisely because people refuse to listen. There's no point. Being polite doesn't make them listen. Nobody listened to Stallman. Threaten their convenience, their fun and games, and they're gone.

If they won't listen, then they deserve the consequences. One day all the corporations and authorities will start turning the screws on them. Only then will they start caring about this stuff. Nobody will listen to them either.

> But this idea that you are entitled to tell them they have to provide you with a version that does not have their anti-cheat measures, that is pretty far out there.

No.

https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/optimal-amount-of-fra...

The optimal amount of fraud is non-zero. You could have zero fraud by ramping up the requirements before you trust someone enough to transact with them. That will result in very few purchases though. Decreases profits. So what they do is they let it happen and eat the costs. Fraud isn't a crime, it's an expense. Accounted for.

The optimal amount of crime is non-zero. You could virtually eliminate crime by implementing an orwellian dystopia where everybody is surveilled at all times. Nobody actually wants to endure such a subhuman existence though, so we're forced to accept the risk of crime. Tolerating some amount of crime is the price of our basic human dignity.

Same logic generalizes to online games. The optimal amount of cheating is non-zero. They could eliminate it by taking the computer away from us. That's an affront to our dignity as the owners of the machines. So we have to tolerate some cheating in order to keep our dignity.

These considerations are accounted for in society as a whole. It's no different here.