MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by notahacker | 2025-12-16 00:52:00+00:00
> FCC is easier to deal with than multiple layers of environmental, planning, power, and water concerns at the local, state and federal levels.

If you get fed up of multiple layers of concerns and US specific bureaucracy, you simply move to a different country where a single authority is desperate to not only remove hurdles but might even give subsidies to someone that wants to employ lots of people to put up solar panels and give them a bit of surplus power and hot water. Chips and solar panels fit as easily in shipping containers as they do in spacecraft. The FCC actually has to handle the concerns of entities more concerned by the environmental impact of your megaconstellation because it's a 1km^2 wide missile travelling at 17,500 mph which much of the rest of the space industry is expected to expend propellant to evade where orbits intersect, which is a bit more concerning than 5km^2 of slightly less green fields and some question marks about water abstraction, and there aren't other authorities you can turn to. (Space is underregulated in terms of not having any practical traffic management beyond launch and spectrum licensing, but that's more risk rather than dream libertarian business opportunity; the FCC can still kibosh your project, you just won't get anyone clearing debris out your way)

Technically there is more space in space than Earth, but once you start factoring that convenient orbits for earth data transfer involve carving a high speed path which intersects with other spacecraft also moving at high speed and not all with as much control as they'd like it starts to look a lot less capacious. The Earth not about to run out of coastal regions with unbuilt land any time soon.

(SBSP has its own similar issues, of course)
by danielodievich | 2025-12-16 00:52:33+00:00
In russian there is a saying that translates "try to prove that you are not a camel" which describes the impossibility of proving what is obviously not true to an unwilling and/or obtuse party.

According to russian language wikipedia (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7...) the original tale go out to famous Persian poet Rumi from XII century, which just makes me tickled pink about how awesome language is.
by mannykannot | 2025-12-16 00:52:44+00:00
Personally, I do not see the distinction here between the two sentences, but your last paragraph got me thinking: should we be using parenthetical, self-interruptive clauses? When we are speaking extemporaneously, we may need them, but when writing, could we rearrange things so they are not needed?

One reason I came up with for doing so is to acknowledge a caveat or answer a question that the author anticipates will enter a typical reader's mind at that point in the narrative.

If that is the case, then it seems to me that when an author does this, they are making use of their theory of mind, anticipating what the reader may be thinking as they read, and acknowledging that it will likely differ from what they, as the author, is thinking of (and knows about the topic) at that point.

If this makes any sense, then we might ask if at least a rudimentary theory of mind is needed to effectively use parenthetical clauses, or can it be faked through the rote application of empirically-learned style rules? LLMs have shown they can do the latter, but excessive use might be signalling a lack of understanding.
by dylan604 | 2025-12-16 00:53:40+00:00
There are definitely examples of shops where you cannot be an employee without being in the union. I worked for a company that was going through a union vote which ended in the vote failing. Part of the conversation was if the vote succeeded would becoming a union member be required to maintain employment. The answer was a solid yes. Luckily, I didn't have to find a new job because of it since the vote failed
by QuercusMax | 2025-12-16 00:54:12+00:00
A lot of folks never really learned to effectively study over the course of weeks or months. One of the keys I've learned is to give yourself enough time to soak in new concepts and for practice to crystallize in your mind. I used to get frustrated at this process, but finally in my 40s I've learned to embrace how my brain and body learn new skills.

I've recently started a new job, and I've been thrown a ton of materials and systems to study. Lots of new terms, systems, etc., and only vague ideas of where everything fits in. So here's my rough process if I'm handed a product spec for a system I'm going to be building / working on:

- Skim the entirety of whatever document / deck / codebase you've been given. Make a couple notes about things you didn't understand, and plan to look into. Maybe a couple key concepts. Not too much. You're just dipping your toes. It's going to be really annoying and frustrating and you're going to want to quit. That's OK - your brain / body are telling you you're working hard and expending a lot of energy. Think of it like lifting mental weights - it's meant to be hard work.

- Come back in a couple days and read it again, after you've done this process with a bunch of other things. You might realize this document has answers to questions you had about other things! You're just starting to make connections.

- Make yourself a reminder to check back in another week, and in the mean time go and ask your questions to the document author, your manager, your team, etc.

- By the next week, you probably understand what's going on enough to write a 1-pager for your plans; give it another week and you should be able to right a proper tech design.
by bjourne | 2025-12-16 00:54:12+00:00
D-Bus is over 20 years old so a reboot is in order. All this guy's gripes are not legitimate, but many are. However, upgrading desktop infrastructure is just as much about influence (clout) and "social" excellence as it is about technical exellence. A new ipc mechanism that is not backed by the major players has no chance.
by ivanramos | 2025-12-16 00:54:57+00:00
I often procrastinate because tasks feel vague or overwhelming.

I built beatdelay.co: You write the task you’re avoiding and why you’re avoiding it, and it generates a concrete, step-by-step plan to start executing immediately.

No accounts, no tracking, no emails — just paste your task and go.

It runs entirely in the browser and uses your own AI API key (stored locally).

I’d love feedback on whether this actually helps you get unstuck.
by dragonwriter | 2025-12-16 00:55:37+00:00
> Does that mean someone who continuously runs for office is de facto impossible to fire?

No, it means you can't fire them for the fact that they are a candidate.

You can choose to fire them for the fact that (say) they don’t show up repeatedly to their scheduled work. You could even deny them time off they want to use to campaign when they have time off on the books, too, so long as you did so because of legitimate business needs where you would have denied a vacation request even if it was not for the political campaign (if the trier of fact in a lawsuit challenging it finds that you did so because of the campaign, that's a problem.)

I don't know why people equate “you can’t fire people for X” with “you can’t fire a person if X”, but only for certain values of X. Like, you can’t fire a person for their gender, but no one thinks that means you can’t fire a person if they have a gender.
by Teever | 2025-12-16 00:56:10+00:00
I'm not sure quite sure how your comment relates to mine.

The way I see it is if there was sufficient enforcement of regulations around spare parts and serviceability then there's no way Ford could have stood up a factory that spat out a bunch of electric trucks without also producing a bunch of spare parts so the unreasonable delay to end users trying to repair their vehicles didn't occur.

I don't have to worry about getting a car battery or sparkplug because these things are standardized and mass produced. That's due to regulation.

The regulations just don't go far enough and the enforcement of them is obviously lax in 21st entury America
by jimmaswell | 2025-12-16 00:56:32+00:00
I never understood the "ugly" perception. At worst some might look boring to me, but at best some of them are absolutely beautiful. For example, my favorite in my collection appearance-wise has a 70s-style wooden finish on all but the front plate with a polished silver look on the front plate: https://imgur.com/a/DAUeJJW
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-16 00:56:53+00:00
> Not sure how far off the coast of Venezuela this occurred

64km off the coast of Venezuela.

> Also, it a common for military aircraft to not have a transponder on

Is it actually common for military aircrafts with transponders off to mix and match with public traffic in activate flight regions? One would think if there is threats somewhere, they'd first mark the region as restricted, so no public airplanes go there in the first place, then they can fly without the transponders.
by hedgehog | 2025-12-16 00:57:00+00:00
The planetary gear "eCVT" systems that Toyota and Ford use in many models are mechanically a lot simpler than a traditional automatic or sequential manual transmission. Few moving parts and no clutches at all. I don't know what the long term reliability of those drivetrains is is but I wouldn't be surprised if it's measurably measurably better than a traditional transmission + engine. There's a long educational video from Weber State University that gives a good walkthrough of what's going on in those things.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O61WihMRdjM
by SkyPuncher | 2025-12-16 00:57:14+00:00
So, one of the main reasons it needs to look like a truck is because it needs to have a structure like a truck to be compatible with basically all of the aftermarket parts.

I want a truck with flat bed rails so I can put a cap on it. It needs to have a proper frame under the bed so it’s not bending with point loads.

I need a bed that’s a separate piece from the cab so they have flex for uneven grades.
by rcxdude | 2025-12-16 00:58:32+00:00
The main thing isn't validating the cert you're looking at, per se, it's to validate the activities of the issuers. Mainly that they aren't issuing certificates they aren't supposed to (i.e. you can monitor the logs for your domain to check some random CA you've never done business hasn't issued a cert for it). This is mainly enforced by any violations (i.e. any certificates found that don't show up in the logs) being grounds for being removed from browser's trusted list.
by pseudalopex | 2025-12-16 00:58:51+00:00
> It is about discovering how less mature a project is so that its maturity can be improved.

Must I repeat? You should assume everyone understands how Ubuntu's decision would benefit this project. You should assume most Ubuntu users do not care.

> Nothing has been replaced yet.

Replace means put something in the place of another thing. Not eradicate the other thing.
by godelski | 2025-12-16 00:58:56+00:00
> That doesn't answer the GP question:

It does.

They asked

>>> Does Signal protect from the scheme when the government sends discovery requests for all existing phone numbers (< 1B) and gets a full mapping between user id and phone number?

Which yes, this does protect that. There is no mapping between a user id and phone number. Go look at the reports. They only show that the phone number has a registered account but they do not show what the user id is. Signal doesn't have that information to give.

> Can they connect a number to a username?

From Signal

Usernames in Signal are protected using a custom Ristretto 25519 hashing algorithm and zero-knowledge proofs. Signal can’t easily see or produce the username if given the phone number of a Signal account. Note that if provided with the plaintext of a username known to be in use, Signal can connect that username to the Signal account that the username is currently associated with. However, once a username has been changed or deleted, it can no longer be associated with a Signal account.

This is in the details on[0] right above the section "Set it, share it, change it"

So Signal cannot use phone numbers to identify usernames BUT Signal can use usernames to identify phone numbers IF AND ONLY IF that username is in active use. (Note that the usernames is not the Signal ID)

If you are worried about this issue I'd either disable usernames or continually rotate them. If the username is not connected with your account at the time the request is being made then no connection can be made by Signal. So this is pretty easy to thwart, though I wish Signal included a way to automate this (perhaps Molly has a way or someone can add it?) Either rotating after every use or on a timer would almost guarantee that this happens given that it takes time to get a search warrant and time for Signal to process them. You can see from the BigBrother link that Signal is not very quick to respond...

[0] https://signal.org/blog/phone-number-privacy-usernames/
by smeej | 2025-12-16 00:59:47+00:00
Yeah, my reading story is apparently really odd. Didn't realize that until I was much older.

My mom read to me a lot when I was really little, pointing at the words as she read them, and as she tells it, one day when I was 3 I just told her it was my turn and I read books to her. She figured maybe I'd memorized a couple favorites, but on our next trip to the library, she found out some switch had flipped in my head and I was now "a reader."

Neither of my parents had younger siblings or cousins around and I was their first, and apparently they didn't remember their own childhood reading learning very well, so, "Oh, I guess she reads now," was as far as they looked into it until my preschool teachers were very surprised when I started the next year.

I don't really have any explanation for it other than "when I see words, I know what they mean," so unfortunately I don't think it's particularly helpful or generalizable. Just a quirk I guess.
by ivanramos | 2025-12-16 01:00:22+00:00
Writing changelogs is tedious and usually skipped.

I built changelogai.to: connect your GitHub account, select a repo, and AI generates customer-friendly changelogs directly from your commit history.

No manual rewriting, no subscriptions — it’s 100% free.

The goal is to turn “developer commits” into updates that non-technical users actually understand.

Would love feedback from indie hackers.
by bsder | 2025-12-16 01:00:29+00:00
Mark Twain on this subject:

> Well, also he will notice in the course of time, as his reading goes on, that the difference between the almost right word and the right word is really a large matter—’tis the difference between the lightning-bug and the lightning.

But also:

> Unconsciously he accustoms himself to writing short sentences as a rule. At times he may indulge himself with a long one, but he will make sure that there are no folds in it, no vaguenesses, no parenthetical interruptions of its view as a whole.
by tonyarkles | 2025-12-16 01:00:57+00:00
Have a look at Fosi Audio. I'm currently using a BT30D to drive the passive speakers from an old Samsung integrated amplifier+receiver+2014-era "Smart TV" type system that died. It only has 1 analog input and Bluetooth, but it looks like they have other products in a similar form factor that can take multiple inputs (e.g. the P4 Mini). I was skeptical but needed something cheap to drive those speakers and am quite impressed.
by kragen | 2025-12-16 01:02:21+00:00
The speed ratio is much smaller than you say with memory-hard PoW problems, which depend on the amount of RAM you have (and its response time). But it's surely true that a spammer could create many accounts per day, perhaps 1000 per hour on a big server, which could then go on to spam a few accounts each before becoming uneconomical to keep using.

But that would still put the CPM of the spam around US$2, which very few spammers can afford. Maybe mesothelioma lawyers and spearphishers.

You don't have to make spamming physically impossible, just unprofitable.
by ivanramos | 2025-12-16 01:02:38+00:00
I often want to validate an idea quickly, but setting up a landing page or email tool feels like unnecessary work.

I built waitinglist.to: a minimal tool to create a basic waiting list in seconds so you can get back to building.

Free to create, free to share, no setup beyond the essentials.

Would love feedback on whether this fits early-stage validation workflows.
by mmulet | 2025-12-16 01:03:18+00:00
I use chafa in term.everything[0], and I have nothing but good things to say about it! hpjansson is a great maintainer too, if anything even seems like it's wrong with chafa he will chime in with a fix or a suggestion[1] (I'm not the only one he does this with too [2][3]). I would definitely recommend this lib for anyone doing terminal graphics.

[0]https://github.com/mmulet/term.everything

[1]https://github.com/mmulet/term.everything/issues/5

[2]https://lobste.rs/s/qh6lil/chafa_terminal_graphics_for_21st_...

[3]https://github.com/wong-justin/vic/issues/1#issue-2586904982
by bengoodger | 2025-12-16 01:03:43+00:00
United seems to like to hang onto extremely old airplanes even as the number of these disruptions mount. We can argue how statistically they're safer etc but these events are extremely unsettling and disruptive for passengers and frankly it's lucky no one's been killed yet. One of these planes dropped a wheel on a parked car at SFO last year.

It's not hard to notice there are other major airlines that generally maintain newer widebody fleets.
by rglullis | 2025-12-16 01:03:43+00:00
It is not about the difficulty, it's the potential consequences.

People also take care of their house keys and their wallets, but If I lose the keys to my house, it isn't automatically taken over by squatters and if I lose my ID card I can issue a new one quickly.

What happens if you lose the cryptographic key to your nostr account? Who do you call for help?
by deathanatos | 2025-12-16 01:04:12+00:00
If the positioning [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUcs1LCjhcs) is at all close to accurate, that looks closer to 300km, with the entirety of Aruba between them & the closest point in Venezuela. (Or all of Curaçao, but I think that line is longer.)

(TFA does say 64 km, though.)

Edit: I'm not sure about 64 km. The 64km is for the Curaçao departing flight, but Curaçao's airport is itself 80 km from Venezuela, and they headed north pretty immediately? I.e., … they would have never been < 80 km…?
by Telaneo | 2025-12-16 01:04:19+00:00
> when there is a clock in every direction I look at.

This does not reflect my life. Clocks are out there, but not to the point of there being one a just turn of the head away no matter where I am. My phone is the closest device with an accurate sense of time the vast majority of the time.

> wristwatch would also be analog again.

Smart watches exist. Digital wrist watches also exist, but seem to have gone out of fashion.

> I have no clue how your university does prevent cheating,

By not having shit exams. Most (all?) of mine were open-book. I didn't take maths in uni, but they're also done digitally, although I don't think they're open-book. There you probably only get the formulary.
by eykanal | 2025-12-16 01:04:27+00:00
This exactly. Worth mentioning that "censoring" can occur in any of a number of ways; blocking select traffic, slowing select traffic, "forgetting" specific nodes, redirecting other nodes at will, performing MITM attacks (if the protocol isn't secure), etc etc.

Also, beyond just no positive incentives, there are nontrivial negatives... they're hubs for an entire network, which can be a lot of traffic and bandwidth if peers are sharing anything other than text. That's a potentially significant cost for literally just being a dumb router. The idea of charging for this doesn't make sense... you don't choose a router, it's automatic based on location, so there's no incentive for quality. That ends up being a race to the bottom, which there's no room for arbitrage; prices are driven down to near-zero profit.

Abuse-wise, the model is fundamentally flawed. Economically, the idea kinda works so long as hub traffic is low enough to be swallowed in background noise for whoever manages the hub. Beyond that the model breaks pretty quickly.
by jimmaswell | 2025-12-16 01:04:44+00:00
It sounds like your speakers work for you then. On a modern TV without a headphone jack you would probably be served perfectly well by bluetooth speakers that sync to the TV. Though I'm surprised if a 3.5mm output is really that uncommon, because I just bought an LG C1 a few years ago and it has one. You can also find a small bluetooth receiver that would output to a headphone jack at WalMart.
by krick | 2025-12-16 01:04:56+00:00
Cool, but honestly I always end up regretting another device that is not just plain "non user-firendly" Linux. First you buy Synology because it's just quick and easy to set-up, and "I'll figure the rest later". But when time comes to figure the rest out, it's just so unreasonably inconvenient. In theory, it is just Linux, and DSM is just for convenience, and there are special packages intended to use Docker and install stuff and all, but there are so many "user-friendly improvements" on top of that, that I get tired even just thinking about all the hoops I have to jump to do something super-simple and end up choosing some another device for all tasks that theoretically would be a good fit for my NAS to perform. The only good thing is hot-swap and automatic volume rebuild, that is super convenient. But, honestly, are these 2 minutes of convenience worth the rest? I don't know.
by andatki | 2025-12-16 01:06:09+00:00
If merging or moving data between environments is a regular occurrence, I agree it would be best to have non-colliding primary keys. I have done an environment move (new DB in different AWS region) with integers and sequences for maybe a 100 table DB and it’s do-able but a high cost task. At that company we also had the demo/customer preview environment concept where we needed to keep the data but move it.
by jandrewrogers | 2025-12-16 01:06:26+00:00
The limited range and inability to refuel quickly and easily in the middle of nowhere remains a critical deficiency for EV trucks in many parts of the US. Range is something you have to be conscious of even with ICE trucks in some areas even though they have better and more reliable range. There are places where I'd start thinking about fuel once I hit half a tank.

Getting caught out in the middle of nowhere with a dead EV because conditions beyond your control changed the range requirements is a nightmare scenario. ICE trucks do much better in these situations.
by adamweld | 2025-12-16 01:06:33+00:00
Correct answer, HDMI audio extractor.

Personally I use an eARC extractor to run S/PDIF to an audio interface (MOTU Ultralite Mk5) and an RPi running camilladsp handles room correction and active crossovers. Overkill at the moment for just a few studio monitors and a sub, but it'll be a great solution when I get around to building some custom speakers.
by Retric | 2025-12-16 01:06:39+00:00
Large aircraft take a while to avoid collisions due to their size and both jets are in motion. So this could have been within 5-10 seconds of a collision depending on specifics. The critical issue is the civilian aircraft “took evasive action on Friday to avoid a mid-air collision with a U.S. Air Force tanker plane near Venezuela, a pilot said in an air traffic control recording.”

Which needs to be reported as it then can impact other air traffic to avoid further issues.