MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: Incorporate in Which Country?
by finnvyrn | 2025-12-19 13:13:37+00:00
I'm a Chinese software developer living in China, currently wanting to both start my own business in a democracy and immigrate to Canada (2nd choice: New Zealand) one day. My English is fluent.

I don't own a Chinese company. I want to remotely incorporate a software company in a democracy from China and then start operating and trading from China.

Estonia seems not good because a lot of people complain it's difficult to do banking there as an E-resident compared to the US.

1. [My Honest Experience with Estonian E-Residency as a Startup Founder from Nepal : r/eResidency](https://www.reddit.com/r/eResidency/comments/1m59xvu/my_honest_experience_with_estonian_eresidency_as/)

2. [Is it worth it incorporating in the US as a non citizen ? : r/startups](https://www.reddit.com/r/startups/comments/iaboje/is_it_worth_it_incorporating_in_the_us_as_a_non/)

3. [Is the e-residency program a scam? : r/eResidency](https://www.reddit.com/r/eResidency/comments/1fvic4v/is_the_eresidency_program_a_scam/)

I won't ever consider applying for the Canadian Start-up Visa program because its processing time now is over 10 years. Provincial Entrepreneur Programs seem viable. Or are there easier Canadian visas?

- [Entrepreneur Immigration Canada PNP 2025](https://arnikavisa.com/canada-pnp-business-immigration-investor-visa/)

I'm currently writing a consumer app, which will be my first product. Based on my research on many competitors, I predict the customers of this app, if any, will mainly come from (in this order): US, China, Japan, South Korea, Brazil.

If the business idea is validated and my time is scarce, I will probably hire contractors first instead of employees, probably from countries (except China) where the cost will be cheap. Is this the best practice (I have no prior entrepreneurial experience)?

Should I remotely incorporate in Canada or another country like US now?

When can I apply for a Canadian visa, which one, and what will the timeline/path be like if:

- I incorporate in Canada now?

- I incorporate in another country, like US (probably Delaware C-corp) now?

Thank you so much!
by p_l | 2025-12-19 13:13:49+00:00
A problem with Explorer, that it also shares with macOS Finder[1], is that they are very much legacy applications with features piled on top, and Explorer was never expected to be used for heavy I/O work and tends to do things the slower way possible, including doing things in ways that are optimized for "random first time user of windows 95 who will have maybe 50 files in a folder"

[1] Finder has parts that show continued use of code written for MacOS 9 :V
by weitendorf | 2025-12-19 13:13:52+00:00
That's kind of similar to my project collector: https://github.com/accretional/collector

It's protobuf/grpc based but uses json for serialization to make use of sqlite's json filtering functionality. However, it cannot be said to be zero-copy. It serializes binary protos into json and stores the binary protos directly for fast access, which allows you to skip deserialization when pulling out query results
by Intermernet | 2025-12-19 13:14:00+00:00
True, but the usefulness of local models is actually getting better. I hope that the current unprecedented madness is a factor of the potential of cloud models, and not a dismissal of the possibility of local models. It's the biggest swing we've seen (with the possible exception of cloud computing vs local virtualisation) but that may be due to recognition of the previous market behaviour, and a desperate need to not miss out on the current boom.
by mexicocitinluez | 2025-12-19 13:14:10+00:00
> The Hacker News website runs on Lisp.

You mean the message board? The website that has a grand total of 2 functions: post and comment?

> And yet, for what it is, this site is amazing!

It's 2 colors and text. That's it.

> ! I don't see them rushing to migrate to a python backend and a react-based frontend, no matter how many jobs there are for those.

It's A MESSAGE BOARD. A. MESSAGE. BOARD.
by mrkeen | 2025-12-19 13:14:38+00:00
You implemented Specifics.

One of my pet-hates is fellow developers who call an implementation 'generic', but when you peek inside, there's just if-statements that (at best) cover the already-known input types.

Usually I point to Generics as an example of what "generic" actually means: You peek inside List<T>, it doesn't know about your type, it does the right thing anyway.
by mexicocitinluez | 2025-12-19 13:15:51+00:00
lol Yea what a wild example to pick from. A web programming 101 website being heralded as why it's okay to use a tech like Lisp to build web apps feels pretty standard for HN though.

It's a list of articles and comments. It would take like 3 pages from W3Schools to build this thing.
by dangus | 2025-12-19 13:15:59+00:00
I think they do care. In the gaming community, Ubuntu has gone from about 40% to 10% marketshare since 2018.

https://youtu.be/Pwt216nn0zE

Now, you might say this is because of the influence of SteamOS, but I think you’d be hard pressed to argue that Ubuntu has been getting more popular overall.

Linux users have a choice while iOS and Android users essentially don’t.
by wmanley | 2025-12-19 13:16:58+00:00
I guess that means you're using the colloquial meaning of the word safety/unsafe rather than the rust definition. It's worth being explicit about that (or choosing a different word) in these discussions to prevent confusion.

For Rust safety (meaning no UB) most definitely is a property of the language. If a module does not contain unsafe and the modules it uses that do contain unsafe are implemented soundly then there is no UB.

In C UB is a part of the language.
by somenameforme | 2025-12-19 13:17:43+00:00
Many things are naturally repulsive, but are indulged out of necessity or gain. For instance Aristotle wasn't opposed to slavery, yet nonetheless in his writings, now some 2400+ years ago, he found himself obligated to lay out an extensive and lengthy defense and rationalization of such, and he even predicted what would eventually end it:

"For if every instrument could accomplish its own work, obeying or anticipating the will of others, like the statues of Daedalus, or the tripods of Hephaestus, which, says the poet, 'Of their own accord entered the assembly of the Gods.' If, in like manner, the shuttle would weave and the plectrum touch the lyre without a hand to guide them, chief workmen would not want servants, nor masters slaves." [1]

There were millennia of efforts to end slavery, but it's only the technological and industrial revolution that finally succeeded in doing so. But the point is that even though Aristotle was ostensibly not opposed to slavery, he nonetheless knew it was a decision that needed justification because it was fundamentally repulsive, even in a society where it was ubiquitous and relatively non-controversial, thousands of years ago.

This 'natural repulsion' is, I think, some degree of evidence for persistent, if not absolute, morality throughout at least thousands of years of humanity's existence, and I see no reason to assume it would not trend back long further than that.

[1] - https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/politics.mb.txt
by plastic-enjoyer | 2025-12-19 13:17:49+00:00
> The engineers refusing to try aren’t protecting themselves; quite the opposite, they’re falling behind. The gap is widening between engineers who’ve integrated these tools and engineers who haven’t.

For me, however, there is one issue: how can I utilize AI without degenerating my own abilities? I use AI sparingly because, to be honest, every time I use AI, I feel like I'm getting a little dumber. I fear that excessive use of AI will lead to the loss of important skills on the one hand and create dependencies on the other. Who benefits if we end up with a generation of software developers who can no longer program without AI? Programming is not just writing code, but a process of organizing, understanding, and analyzing. What I want above all is AI that helps me become better at my job and continue to build skills and knowledge, rather than making me dependent on it.
by nertirs3 | 2025-12-19 13:17:57+00:00
Why stop here? We can also blame the people, who implemented such features on the TVs, the people who worked at companies, who used data acquired by these devices for advertisement, the people who worked on the mentioned ads for such devices and the people who bought products from companies, that spend money on such marketing techniques.

At this point you might as well blame the average guy for global warming...
by tialaramex | 2025-12-19 13:18:49+00:00
I would expect that the largest factor is cultural, and of course it's possible to inculcate safety culture in a team working on a C or C++ codebase, but it seems to me that we've shown it's actually easier to import the culture with a language which supports it.

Essentially Weak Sapir–Whorf but for programming languages rather than natural languages. Which is such a common idea that it's the subject of a Turing Award speech. Because the code you read and write in Rust usually has these desirable safety properties, that's how you tend to end up thinking about the problems expressed in that code. You could think this way in C, or C++ but the provided tooling and standard libraries don't support that way of using them so well.
by alexpotato | 2025-12-19 13:19:52+00:00
I work in crypto (L1 chain) as a DevOps engineer (LOTS of baremetal, LOTS of CI/CD etc) and it's been amazing to see what Claude can do in this space too.

e.g. had an issue with connecting to AWS S3, gave Claude some of the code to connect and it diagnosed a CREDENTIALS issue without seeing the credentials file nor seeing the error itself. It can even find issues like "oh, you have an extra space in front of the build parameter that the user passed into a Jenkins job". Something that a human might have found in 30+ minutes of grepping, checking etc it found in <30 seconds.

It also makes it trivial to do things like "hey, convert all of the print statements in this python script to log messages with ISO 8601 time format".

Folks talk about "but it adds bugs" but I'm going to make the opposite argument:

The excuse of "we don't have time to make this better" is effectively gone. Quality code that is well instrumented, has good metrics and easy to parse logs is only a few prompts away. Now, one could argue that was the case BEFORE we had AI/LLMs and it STILL didn't happen so I'm going to assume folks that can do clean up (SRE/DevOps/code refactor specialists) are still going to be around.
by nephihaha | 2025-12-19 13:20:00+00:00
And replace them with what? Tories who do the exact same and hang out at Davos etc with them?

The Lib Dems who are mostly interested in pavement politics and have no backbones.

The Greens who back more control taken away from the public? Reform who also seem to want more government powers in certain places?

The Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish parties who can never get enough seats to outvote this?
by ericlamb89 | 2025-12-19 13:20:07+00:00
> "The engineers refusing to try aren’t protecting themselves; quite the opposite, they’re falling behind. The gap is widening between engineers who’ve integrated these tools and engineers who haven’t. The first group is shipping faster, taking on bigger challenges. The second group is… not."

Honest question for the engineers here. Have you seen this happening at your company? Are strong engineers falling behind when refusing to integrate AI into their workflow?
by mlcrypto | 2025-12-19 13:20:39+00:00
Maybe I've always been a terrible engineer but I'm humble enough to admit the way I code has always been exactly like the LLM. If it's something brand new I'm googling it and pattern matching how to write it. If it's based on existing functionality I'm doing ctrl + f and pattern matching based on that and how to insert the minimal code changes to accomplish the task
by sph | 2025-12-19 13:20:49+00:00
> if you haven’t tried modern AI coding tools recently, try one this week.

I don’t think I will. I am glad I have made the radical decision, for myself, to wilfully remain strict in my stance against generative AI, especially for coding. It doesn’t have to be rational, there is good in believing in something and taking it to its extreme. Some avoid proprietary software, others avoid eating sentient beings, I avoid generative AI on pure principle.

This way I don’t have to suffer from these articles that want to make you feel bad, and become almost pleading, “please use AI, it’s good now, I promise” which I find frankly pathetic. Why do people care so much about it to have to convince others in this sad routine? It honestly feels like some kind of inferiority complex, as if it is so unbearable that other people might dislike your favourite tool, that you desperately need them to reconsider.
by godelski | 2025-12-19 13:20:55+00:00
> it's no better than going out wearing a swastika sign

Come on, I'm far from a crypto fanboy but this is just making my case. It's incredibly egregious. You can call crypto a bullshit fad loved by scammers without saying anyone that accepts it is a Nazi.

I don't see anyone getting all up in arms about the Wayback Machine, The EFF, or plenty of others who accept cryptocurrencies as payments.

And again, to equate it to shipping a miner in the browser is BEYOND EGREGIOUS. It is nothing short of laughable.

> Than he doesn't need to talk about it at all.

We don't know the full context since it is summarized. Maybe he was explicitly asked. But honestly I read it as a bad joke along the lines of "we could be evil and greedy if we really wanted money, but we're not." But I don't know how you can read what was actually written as anything remotely close to suggesting they might even consider blocking ad blockers. At best it is making mountains out of mole hills but even that is being generous to your interpretation.

> The thing is: Google started as "don't be evil" as well.

This is irrelevant at this point. At this point it doesn't matter if Mozilla is evil. It doesn't matter if Mozilla is more evil than Google. Mozilla has little to no power to capitalize on that evil. But Google does. And whatever the situation is, Google having competition and being tied up from implementing evil is a good thing. In the worst situation, assuming Mozilla is more evil than Google (lol), it buys us more time for another player who isn't evil to enter the space and gain browser market share. But if we let Google kill Firefox then that 3rd player is going to have a much harder barrier to entry.

So yeah, I'm sticking with laughable. Because all you're accomplishing is handing market share to Google. All you're doing is repeating the same thing that's been happening for years. Crypto, AI, whatever, it is the same thing. People grab their pitchforks to go after Mozilla at the slightest misstep and do nothing as Google tramples all over causing more damage than an evil Mozilla could even imagine. It is laughable.
by TimorousBestie | 2025-12-19 13:20:59+00:00
That would be fantastic. I’ve seen so many claims like the author’s

> [Claude Code and Cursor] can now work across entire codebases, understand project context, refactor multiple files at once, and iterate until it’s really done.

But I haven’t seen anyone doing this on e.g. YouTube? Maybe that kind of content isn’t easy to monetize, but if it’s as easy to use AI as everyone says surely someone would try.
by djhope99 | 2025-12-19 13:21:10+00:00
Ha! I just saw one of these this morning on LinkedIn, an engineer complaining about AI / Vibecoding and thought exactly the same. I find these overreactions amusing.

I don’t know why this is so controversial it’s just a tool, you should learn to use it otherwise as the author of this post said you will get left behind but don’t cut yourself on the new tool (lots of people are doing this).

I personally love it because it allows me to create personal tools on the side that I just wouldn’t have had time for in the past. The quality doesn’t matter so much for my personal projects and I am so much more effective with the additional tools I’m able to create.
by thisissomething | 2025-12-19 13:21:47+00:00
AI is a tool. As every other tool under the sun, it has strengths and weaknesses, it's our job, as software engineers to try it out and understand when/how to use it on our workflows, or if if fits our use cases at all.

If you disagree with the above statement, try replacing "AI" with "Docker", "Kubernetes", "Microservices architecture", "NoSQL", or any other tool/language/paradigm that was widely adopted in the software development industry until people realized it's awesome for some scenarios but not a be-all and end-all solution.
by metaphor | 2025-12-19 13:22:18+00:00
I've noticed a lot in the SFF genre, including my current fiction read: Joe Abercrombie's latest release The Devils[1].

You'll see something like the following on the bottom of book details:

> At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.

[1] https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0D3CB76TV
by kilroy123 | 2025-12-19 13:22:38+00:00
Yeah it boggles my mind all the people on here constantly dismissing LLMs.

It's very clearly getting better and better rapidly. I don't think this train is stopping even if this bubble bursts.

The cold ass reality is: We're going to need a lot less software engineers moving forward. Just like agriculture now needs way less humans to do the same work than in the past.

I hate to be blunt but if you're in the bottom half of the developer skill bell curve, you're cooked.
by JoeAltmaier | 2025-12-19 13:22:53+00:00
Max had no idea whatsoever what he was doing. He did all the steps, didn't stop at the 'jesus that's disgusting' phase. Saw it through to the end. Even the complaints from his neighbors, he put up with. And got the most divine, golden syrupy sauce you can imagine, at the end. After all the gagging and stirring, straining and filtering and pressing.
by xvilka | 2025-12-19 13:22:57+00:00
I believe he found new solace - woodwork[1][2]. Given the state of security and things in general in the IT, I definitely understand. Especially with the AI slop influx. His blog is quite interesting to read though, highly recommend.

[1] https://lcamtuf.substack.com/p/how-do-wood-finishes-hold-up

[2] https://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/woodworking/
by Aachen | 2025-12-19 13:23:08+00:00
That doesn't specify how many bugs there existed in the Discord codebase throughout the time where this person was active. Only once you know that, can you say whether they found a significant proportion relative to the effort they've spent and would spend as a part-time employee. That other people still find things also suggests that the statement above ("just hire him and you're secure") might have been a bit simplistic
by throw0101a | 2025-12-19 13:23:20+00:00
> I’m planning on requiring support for all the features that have been in every cpu that shipped in the last 10+ years. But it’s basically impossible to figure that out.

The easiest thing would probably to specify the need for "x86-64-v3":

* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64#Microarchitecture_level...

RHEL9 mandated "x86-64-v2", and v3 is being considered for RHEL10:

> The x86-64-v3 level has been implemented first in Intel’s Haswell CPU generation (2013). AMD implemented x86-64-v3 support with the Excavator microarchitecture (2015). Intel’s Atom product line added x86-64-v3 support with the Gracemont microarchitecture (2021), but Intel has continued to release Atom CPUs without AVX support after that (Parker Ridge in 2022, and an Elkhart Lake variant in 2023).

* https://developers.redhat.com/articles/2024/01/02/exploring-...
by elzbardico | 2025-12-19 13:23:59+00:00
If you don't see the limitations of vibe coding, I shudder on the idea of maintaining your code even pre-AI.

Do I use it? Yes, a lot, actually. But I also spend a lot of tunning prunning its overly verbose and bizantine code, my esc key is fading from the amount of times I've interrupted it to steer it towards a non-idiotic direction.

It is useful, but if you trust it too much, you're creating a mountain of technical debt.
by nottorp | 2025-12-19 13:24:08+00:00
Some engineers don't dismiss LLMs.

They dismiss the religion like hype machine.

You want to market to engineers, stick to provable statements. And address some of their concerns. With something other than "AI is evolving constantly, all your problems will be solved in 6 months, just keep paying us."

Oh by the way, what is the OP trying to sell with these FOMO tactics? Yet another ChatGPT frontend?
by cyphar | 2025-12-19 13:24:10+00:00
Maybe I'm getting too jaded but I'm struggling to be quite that charitable.

The entireity of the human-written text in that comment was "From ChatGPT:" and it was formatted as though it was a slam-dunk "you're wrong, the computer says so" (imagine it was "From Wikipedia" followed by a quote disagreeing with you instead).

I'm sure some people do what you describe but then I would expect at least a little bit more explanation as to why they felt the need to paste a paragraph of LLM output into their comment. (While I would still disagree that it is in any way valuable, I would at least understand a bit about what they are trying to communicate.)
by sothatsit | 2025-12-19 13:24:21+00:00
A year ago I could get o1-mini to write tests some of the time that I would then need to fix. Now I can get Opus 4.5 to do fairly complicated refactors with no mistakes.

These tools are seriously starting to become actually useful, and I’m sorry but people aren’t lying when they say things have changed a lot over the last year.
by leoc | 2025-12-19 13:24:30+00:00
38:37 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZLpbhsE72I&t=2317s in Jay Forrester's "The Design Environment and Innovations of Project Whirlwind" talk ( https://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/10270308... ):

> There was a desperate search for better memory. We seriously considered. at one stage. renting a television microwave link from Boston to Buffalo and back so that one could store something like 3,000 bits in the 3 milliseconds of round-trip transit time.

Though I'm not sure why they wouldn't have just used a delay line for that task: that form of memory was already in use in computers, as discussed by Forrester himself from 11:15 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZLpbhsE72I&t=675s .
by xenophonf | 2025-12-19 13:24:54+00:00
What you suggested here is trivial with existing tools—linters in the first case, search-and-replace functions in editors for the second.

I have yet to see any evidence of the third case. I'm close to banning AI for my junior devs. Their code quality is atrocious. I don't have time for all that cleanup. Write it good the first time around.
by phplovesong | 2025-12-19 13:25:49+00:00
The fact that i hear this mantra over and over again:

"She wrote a thing in a day that would have taken me a month"

This scares me. A lot.

I never found the coding part to be a bottle neck, but the issues arise after the damn thing is in prod. If i work on something big (that will take me a month) thats going to be anywhere from (im winging these numbers) 10K LOC to 25K LOC).

If thats a bechmark for me the next guy using AI will spew out at a bare minimun double the amount of code, and in many cases 3x-4x.

The surface area for bugs are just vastly bigger, and fixing these bugs will eventually take more time than you "won" using AI in the first place.