MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by monerozcash | 2025-12-08 15:14:33+00:00
I haven't tried claude, but Codex manages this fine as long as you prompt it correctly to get started.

A lazy example:

"This goal of this project is to do x. Let's prepare a .md file where we spec out the task. Ask me a bunch of questions, one at a time, to help define the task"

Or you could just ask it to be more conversational, instead of just asking questions. It will do that.
by falcor84 | 2025-12-08 15:14:34+00:00
I often find myself in these situations where I'm afraid that if I don't finish infodumping everything in a single message, it'll go in the wrong direction. So what I've been doing is switching it back to Plan Mode (even when I don't need a plan as such), just as a way of telling it "Hold still, we're still having a conversation".
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-08 15:14:45+00:00
Surely by now everyone, including non-developers and non-software people, know exactly what IBM is, and you don't sell to IBM/join IBM without knowing exactly what's about to happen. No one joins IBM today and thinks there will be a huge focus on customer satisfaction or focus on great product design, it's all about squeezing maximum profit out of products until you need to discontinue them because you chased away all of the customers.
by dahart | 2025-12-08 15:14:49+00:00
Do satellite embedded satellite systems usually have an OS these days? Is this a custom made OS, or do you have any examples of an OS that honors the no stack/heap and fixed address requirements you mentioned?

What does the OS do? I don’t know about aerospace specifically, but plenty of embedded microcontroller systems don’t have an OS, and I would assume that having an OS is a massive risk against any mission assurance goals, no?
by voidmain | 2025-12-08 15:14:55+00:00
If I were designing it today rather than in... 2008?, I would use the terms 'async' and 'await' because they are a lingua franca now. And for a modern audience that already knows what promises are it probably makes sense to start the explanation with that part. But the thing as a whole was intended to build lightweight asynchronously communicating sequential processes with private state that can be run locally or in a distributed way transparently, restarted on failure, etc. I don't think the choice of terms was obviously a crime at the time.
by SV_BubbleTime | 2025-12-08 15:15:32+00:00
I’m pretty convinced there is a bell curve of “understanding what IBM does” where idiots and geniuses both have absolutely no idea.

It really is probably that strangest company in tech which you think could be mysterious and intriguing. But no one cares. It’s like no one wants to look behind the boring suit and see wtf. From my low point on that bell curve I can’t see how they are even solvent.
Show HN: Python Package for fine-tuning LLMs without writing code
by shroot2702 | 2025-12-08 15:15:43+00:00
Upasak v0.1.1 - pre-release (UI based LLM - Fine-tuning)

Lore behind this project: i just had learned about llm and how to develop from ground up. and as anybody who is eager to try it hands on, i wanted to fine-tune an llm for a specific purpose. but it is not computationally feasible to train a model on large dataset to have a correct response without gpu.

however, i just wanted to stop coding different logic for each step in fine-tuning pipeline (data schema handling, sanitization, tokenization and for training experimentation adjust hyperparameters) and focus on quick experimentations. and thats the reason i built upasak package to fine-tune llm over ui, since this idea was also feasible in terms of implementation.

To summarize: you can fine-tune llm over ui, select the model, select or upload the dataset, sanitize your data, use lora for parameter efficient fine-tuning, adjust hyperparameters, monitor training, save model and push it hugging face hub if you want to make if publicly available.

For detailed explanation: https://github.com/shrut2702/upasak/blob/main/README.md

i have tried to make a one stop platform for fine-tuning llms without any extra overhead so users can focus on more experimentations or quick shipping. but still i'm aware of the issues and currently working to fix it. it is pre-release as of now, but after getting you guys' feedback (open to brutal feedbacks about package's performance and features) and having assured it works stable, i will make it major release. also, since it is open-source your contributions are welcomed.
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-08 15:16:24+00:00
Your fascination seems hinged on the fact that IBM has "lots of talent to make ML/LLMs work" which judging by what they've put out so far and talk publicly about, is very far from the truth. Anyone who has a clue seems to (rightly) have left IBM decades ago, and left are business people who think "Managed to increase margin by 0.1%" is something to celebrate.
by whynotminot | 2025-12-08 15:16:37+00:00
While there’s a lot of this era that’s deeply unfortunate, this kind of question on my yearly review would be incredibly vexing to me:

> What impact did your actions have in contributing to a more diverse and inclusive Microsoft?

What does this even mean? How do I show I did this? If I don’t interpret the meaning of this question correctly, do I fail the test and end up some HR watchlist? If I don’t succeed at whatever this is going for, will I not promote?
by notepad0x90 | 2025-12-08 15:16:46+00:00
You've made really good points, I get what you're saying now. They can't do simple keyword searches over unencrypted traffic anymore. But even in 2010 lots of important traffic was over https, and anyone worth their salt used https for important things. I don't think even back then they were hoping for incidental intercept of unencrypted traffic. That was just icing on the cake, the main purpose as I understood was metadata mining, and not just the internet but phone calls and sms as well. As far as tailored access, there is lots of speculation there, and they're well within their rights to hack servers outside of the US. I don't think any information as to what organizations they compromised has ever been revealed, but they certainly had the capability and it is only reasonable to presume they improved upon that capability. But they can have the capability and not choose to wield it, but really doesn't sound like their M.O.

> I don't think this really reflects what the previously leaked files suggest their main interests to be.

I strongly disagree. I wish i had the time to compile evidence to back that up but plenty exists if you look it up. Matter of fact, I recall some of NSA's leadership oppose things like backdooring encryption or apps because they don't need it, and it only hurts the nation's security.
by jcims | 2025-12-08 15:17:04+00:00
It kind of blew my mind when I first learned about this whole phenomenon (mostly from the YouTube series I posted). Not all white paints are equal and it’s kind of interesting to think that something that looks mostly identical to our eyes has very different (passive) properties in the infrared.

I think one of the things in the paints that Ben adds is a set of microspheres that reject incident incoming infrared beyond a certain angle but allow it to pass through when radiated. Something like that.
by yunohn | 2025-12-08 15:17:15+00:00
Ok, let’s go step by step through your processes, since I am tired of crypto nerds LARPing as Jason Bourne.

How did you first obtain your crypto? What level of anonymity was available for that tx?

Where do you store your crypto short and long term? How do you make it available for spending on online platforms? What percentage of your income and expenditures is in crypto? How do you balance between fiat and crypto anonymously?

What are you buying with the crypto? Why does it need to be purchased with crypto?

Where are you having it shipped? Are you faking all contact details when making the purchase?

Are you completely obscuring yourself physically while collecting said package? Are you obscuring your movements along the way as well to prevent leading back to your home?

Often, proponents love to portray citizens in economically ruinous governments in SAmerica as ideal usecases. Why do they need to use your specific crypto coin? Why can’t they use a locally invented (read: forked) one? It feels much more useful to regulate supply/demand where all said economic activity will take place, instead of replacing your entire net worth from a dying currency to a speculative one mostly propped up by foreigners like you who have zero skin in their local game.

I could go on and on, but it is exhausting to reiterate common sense - no one ever thinks this through fully from the comfort of their air conditioned first world white collar desk job office. How are you ensuring perfect info and op sec in your crypto journey?
by paddleon | 2025-12-08 15:17:40+00:00
also, this is what chat-style interfaces encourage. Anything where the "enter" key sends the message instead of creating a paragraph block is just hell.

I'm prompting Gemini, and I write:

I have the following code, can you help me analyze it? <press return>

<expect to paste the code into my chat window>

but Gemnini is already generating output, usually saying "I'm waiting for you to enter the code"
by gr4vityWall | 2025-12-08 15:18:02+00:00
> an insane number of 'illegal' immigrants

Immigrants can request a CPF (the 'national ID'). I don't think being in the country 'legally' is a requirement, that isn't enforced the way it is in the US.

> people living in Favela who essentially don't even recognize the state

Most people get assigned an ID at birth. And people who live in a favela often have to work outside it, and they interact with most companies/state services that aren't utilities as usual.

Utilities OTOH often get MITM'd by militia/narcos these days though.

> I assume it's something like the US where 10 illegals work under one social security number or a tax ID

No need for anything fancy like that. The poorest people are willing to work based on verbal agreements, as the alternative is either starving, or hoping the public social security network has your back. And in case your employer requires one, that's a non-issue because, except for rare circumstances, everyone has one.

Digital banking, install payments and general smartphone usage is widely popular, including favelas.
by traceroute66 | 2025-12-08 15:18:24+00:00
> And for publisher there probably isn’t the same network effect as for Word/Excel/Powerpoint.

There isn't because any serious print shop will laugh you out the door if you come to them with a Publisher file.

Publisher is fine for home/office printing, and you will probably get away with it at your local corner shop that does digital printing on a Xerox box in the back of the shop.

But if you're sending stuff off to the big-boys you will suddenly find yourself needing to adhere to artwork preflight settings, colour profiles, PDF and TAC specs.

Not only will the printer give you validation settings files you can load into Acrobat and Indesign, but if there are issues, the printer's preflight team will be more willing (and able !) to help you if you are using industry-standard tools.
by sarymismail | 2025-12-08 15:18:27+00:00
The Backstory Exactly 30 days ago, I was frustrated. I kept switching between different AI apps — ChatGPT for reasoning, Gemini for speed, Grok for real-time news. Each had strengths, but none offered a single interface that could handle it all intelligently. So, I decided to build it myself. The problem? I had zero coding experience.

The Learning Curve When I started this journey last month, I had never touched a line of code or opened a terminal. I spent sleepless nights teaching myself everything from scratch. To give you an idea of the mountain I had to climb, 30 days ago I had zero experience with: * Languages & IDEs: JavaScript, Android Studio, Visual Studio

* Infrastructure: GitHub (version control was a nightmare at first), Firebase

* AI Integrations: OpenAI API, Grok API, Gemini API, Tavily (for search)

* Business Logic: Stripe integration for payments

What I Built The result is Ask AI — available now on Web & Android. It’s an all-in-one AI assistant designed to stop the “app fatigue.” Key Features: * Auto-Model Routing: An engine that analyzes your prompt and automatically routes it to the best model (Gemini Flash for speed, GPT-5/Grok for complex tasks). Saves you money and time.

* Visuals: Live 4K wallpapers and JavaScript-generated themes (Matrix, Terminal, Frosted Glass).

* Real-Time Data: Integrated Tavily and Grok to fetch live web data.

* Fair Pricing: A free tier that actually works (Nano models), plus a premium tier for heavy lifters.

Why This Matters Ask AI isn’t just another assistant. It’s proof that anyone — even with zero coding background — can learn, build, and launch something meaningful in just 30 days. My hope is that this inspires other beginners to take the leap and create. I Need Your Feedback Since this is my very first project, I’m sure there are bugs I haven’t found and UI quirks I’ve missed. I’d love for this community to test it out and give me brutally honest feedback. Try Ask AI here: * Play Store: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ask_ai.info.tw...

Thanks for checking it out!
by voidhorse | 2025-12-08 15:18:32+00:00
This essay completely misunderstands how the notion of emergence gained prominence and how people tend to actually use it. It's a straw man that itself devolves into a circular argument "embrace a reductionist epistemology because you should embrace a reductionist epistemology".

It doesn't even meaningfully engage with the historical literature that established the term, etc. If you want to actually understand why the term gained prominence, check out the work of Edgar Morin.
by raw_anon_1111 | 2025-12-08 15:18:33+00:00
Don’t conflate two different investment models.

1. Investors who want to invest in companies with a growth story and want the company to grow bigger and be “successful” enough to exit either via an acquisition or the public market. But often times these days, just to pawn off to the greater fool.

https://medium.com/@Arakunrin/the-post-ipo-performance-of-y-...

2. Investors who want to go in and make the company worse and do enough value extraction for short term gains. The canonical case is when a restaurant chain owns its own real estate. They split off the restaurant from the underlying real estate and make the restaurant pay rent that goes up. The restaurant flounders and the real estate holdings increase in value.

And another strategy is to acquire companies in your vertical, roll them all up, fire redundant staff and integrate systems and then exit. Of course you enshitify the smaller once independent mom and pop systems in the process.
by notepad0x90 | 2025-12-08 15:18:47+00:00
To be a bit more candid, they have lots of employees outside of the US (particularly in India). and both in the US and elsewhere, people need to eat. They may not have the talent to innovate new tech like OpenAI and others, or do cutting-edge R&D, but they certainly have the talent to take LLM breakthroughs and adapt. They could have competed with many of the B-Tier LLM services out there with the right leadership.
by alwillis | 2025-12-08 15:19:01+00:00
> Disagree. The newer stuff is, if anything, more confusing. The old stuff, awful as it was, at least had a consistent model.

With the "old stuff", we didn't a layout model or an alignment model. Everything required float and positioning hacks to do things they weren't designed to do. There's no logical way that was "better."

There were several different grid systems, all mostly incompatible with each other, which were required to do anything interesting.

Many layouts that are common today were impossible to do with just HTML & CSS back in '90s and 2000's.

Capabilities that almost all developers had to reach for a framework Bootstrap or Foundation for are built-in to CSS today. Or lots of JavaScript.
by crazygringo | 2025-12-08 15:19:22+00:00
I don't think basic color accuracy matters for this, it's more macro. In other words, two professionally taken images of a painting aren't going to make it look bright and colorful in one, and dark and somber in another.

Whether there's a slight green tint, or a certain blue doesn't pop quite as much, doesn't seem like it would affect the findings.
by array_key_first | 2025-12-08 15:19:41+00:00
The solution is actually just not using Excel. If you're essentially using Excel as a LOB backend and database, that should probably not be in Excel.

It's fine if you have a few formulas. As soon as you're busting out macros it's time to sunset the workbook and make an application. There's a lot of God Excel workbooks sitting around on share drives with no audibility or quality control.
by 9rx | 2025-12-08 15:20:28+00:00
Not to mention that Reddit users seek "confident idiots". Look at where the thoughtful questions that you'd expect to hear in a human social setting end up (hint: Downvoted until they disappear). Users on Reddit don't want to have to answer questions. They want to read the long responses that they can then nitpick. LLMs have no doubt picked up on that in the way they are trained.
by german_dong | 2025-12-08 15:20:40+00:00
Like a lot of professional talkers, you've gone off on a long-winded, narcissistic pontification, 90% of which I didn't read. But shortly before Claude Pro went mainstream, I was dealing with my parents' estate and the procedural opacity (obfuscation?) had me very close to pulling the trigger on hiring a lawyer. After I signed up for Claude Pro, knowing what and how to file various documents became far more tractable, almost enjoyable.
by QuadrupleA | 2025-12-08 15:21:04+00:00
Wasn't it now (end of 2025) that Dario Amodei said Claude (or LLMs in general) would be doing almost all programming work?

This article is my typical experience with LLM coding. Endless correction and handholding, and manual cleanup of subtle mistakes. With no long-term learning from them.

Kinda makes me livid, the amount of false hype coming out of the mouths of the stewards of these investor-subsidized LLM companies.

But they're amazing Google replacements, and learning tools. And once in a blue moon they ace a coding assignment and delight me.

Edit: 90% of coding work by June to September 2025: https://www.businessinsider.com/anthropic-ceo-ai-90-percent-...
by notepad0x90 | 2025-12-08 15:21:08+00:00
in corporate america, it's everywhere, to the point where people's compromised accounts being used to send phishing content via sharepoint/onedrive is extremely common. It is (rightfully) highly encouraged as well due to their built-in data loss prevention stuff (Microsoft information protection/MIP), it's the only reasonable way I've seen to get a handle on secret documents/content/slides from leaking too much.
by photon_lines | 2025-12-08 15:21:26+00:00
Why in the world would economists need to study this? It's been known that large bureaucracies have been dysfunctional for over a couple of decades now if not centuries. The large reason is because 1) the incentives to do great work are not there (most of the credit for a huge company's success goes to the CEO who gets 100X the salary of a regular worker while delivering usually pretty much nothing) 2) politics usually plays a huge role which gives a huge advantage to your competition (i.e. your competition needs to spend less time on politics and more time on the actual product) and 3) human beings don't functionally work well in groups larger than 100-250 due to the overwhelming complexity of the communication needed in order to make this type of structure work. Incentives though I think are the primary driver - most people at companies like IBM don't have any incentives to actually care about the product they produce and that's the secret behind the ruin of almost every large company.

Edit: you also seem to be giving too much credence to Watson. Watson was actually mostly a marketing tool designed to win in Jeopardy and nothing else. It was constructed specifically to compete in that use-case and was nowhere near to the architecture of a general transformer which is capable of figuring out meta-patterns within language and structurally understanding language. You can read about Watson's design and architecture here if you're curious: https://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs4740/2011sp/papers/AIMa...
by pwdisswordfishy | 2025-12-08 15:21:46+00:00
The latter is a byproduct of how GitHub's upperhanding[1]/casting couch culture has overtaken the Web community and how a bunch of software gets built, generally. The Shirky era[2] is gone. You're not seen or to be treated as a neighbor showing up with a helpful tip that one of your pipes has burst. You're going to be seen as another person who wants something from them, or, at best, a starlet who can do something for the cigar champers and'll be willing to put up with a lot of crap because you're trying to build a résumé.

This in large part because of two design decisions that GitHub made early on: the contribution graph on profile pages and naming the bugtracker "GitHub Issues" (and promoting a culture where people with support requests are funneled into the same side door as collaborators trying to keep tabs on software defects—i.e. people who need a real bugtracker).

1. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pez_Dispenser>

2. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_Comes_Everybody_(book)>
by sdsd | 2025-12-08 15:21:51+00:00
>surely they can ally to resist culture war nonsense from making its way into their employee handbooks?

I think that's the point, using "pressure from the administration" as an excuse to nix culture war entanglements they got themselves into over the previous ~10 years. I think the "modern titans of industry" have wanted to dip out of this stuff for some time and felt stuck. Now they can do so while having plausible deniability (it was da govamint made us do it!)
by billy99k | 2025-12-08 15:21:55+00:00
"joke and manipulating them is a common plot theme"

Much more difficult to manipulate a bunch of jurors than pay off one judge. This is why it's mostly in the movies.

"Most of Europe and India for instance."

India is one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Scammers with lots of money running call centers and diploma mills regularly get off completely by paying off judges.

Having judges only does make me feel better. I can just pay them off when I don't want to go to jail.
by neogodless | 2025-12-08 15:21:55+00:00
I'm continually blown away that the modern titans of industry readily bow down to the president of the United States.

While I don't think "corporations should be in charge", I also don't think a President should be dictating corporate culture or policy short of going through the proper channels of using Congress to write legislation that keeps corporations in check and doesn't allow their power and influence to grow too large.

But... uh... yeah that isn't happening either. Instead, those in power are helping each other out, at the expense of common citizens of the U.S. (and likely at the expense of people outside the U.S. too.)
by frm88 | 2025-12-08 15:21:59+00:00
I wasn't talking about 1950 and neither were you previously, so let's not shift focus.

If there wasn't a good reason to use these chemicals, we wouldn't use them. Farming is a notoriously risky way to earn a living, and if farmers could cut thousands of dollars of chemicals and gear out of their expenses, they almost certainly would... "

They do and will reduce it by 50%. Well, in Europe they will. It takes some time to break the hold of the chemical industry giants, but it is doable without catastrophic losses, see https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10516746/. Not sure why you are so apologetic there.