MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by thot_experiment | 2025-12-16 04:48:47+00:00
I'm desperately searching for an e-book reader and i wonder if someone here has a good answer. I'd like a something I can root and or at least run arbitrary userland code on. I want a size that's good for edc in a small backpack or handbag, maybe 7 - 11", pen support would also be really nice, does any such thing exist?
by rdtsc | 2025-12-16 04:49:37+00:00
> We use SED data to measure the number of PhD graduates in our focal STEM fields who were non-US citizens at the time of graduation.

[...]

> Emigration rates across PhD cohorts correlate strongly with the foreign national share of graduates ( = 0.86 to 0.95) [...] In all cohorts, the 5-year (15-year) emigration rate is approximately 25% (50%) of the foreign national share

I am not sure if they did this on purpose or not but they missed putting that critical part in the title or right in the abstract. The majority here are not US citizens but foreign nationals. And, most importantly, I couldn't find where they mentioned (or maybe they don't) that these students are studying in US on non-immigrant visas. They're not supposed to or expected to stay after they are done studying. Some stay if they find a company to sponsor them for an internship (Optional Practical Training) but unless they change their visa type they're still expected to leave for their home country.

Without that part highlighted it makes it sound like these US citizens who were born and grew up in US, went to universities here, and then graduated and went to work in China or Europe or something. There is a number of those but, it's not the majority. Maybe they can study just that cohort separately, I think that would be a more interesting thing to look at.
by tharkun__ | 2025-12-16 04:50:34+00:00
Hehe fair enough in that case. Tho nothing said it had to work on a tar from like 1979 ;)

To me at least POSIX is dead. It's what Windows (before WSL) supported with its POSIX subsystem so it could say it was compatible but of course it was entirely unusable.

Initial release July 27, 1993; 32 years ago

Like, POSIX: Take the cross section of all the most obscure UNICES out there and declare that you're a UNIX as long as you support that ;)

And yeah I use a Mac at work so a bunch of things I was used to "all my life" so to speak don't work. And they didn't work on AIX either. But that's why you install a sane toolchain (GNU ;) ).

Like sure I was actually building a memory compactification algorithm for MINIX with the vi that comes with MINIX. Which is like some super old version of it that can't do like anything you'd be used to from a VIM. It works. But it's not nice. That's like literally the one time I was using hjkl instead of arrow keys.
by achllle | 2025-12-16 04:50:43+00:00
I attached a USB camera to a projector pointing at a table and made a tool for DMs to organize immersive Dungeons and Dragons games where players can interact with the game using gestures through a hand tracking deep learning model and the DM can generate graphics on the fly using generative models. Tried it in a session at work once and it was an instant hit. You can pick up characters and move them, inspect their stats by hovering over them, change weapons. Built-in auto-calibration of the camera by projecting points and registering them with the camera. https://github.com/Achllle/intim-dnd
by yibg | 2025-12-16 04:53:17+00:00
Perhaps, be anecdotally I've seen a significant shift in students from China in Canada and the US over the last couple of decades. It used to be that pretty much if someone can stay post graduation they will. Now many are choosing to go back to China, even if the opportunity to stay is there. This isn't just US policy, but also just the development of China. There are just a lot more opportunities there than there was 20 years ago.
by somenameforme | 2025-12-16 04:53:22+00:00
The internet has been even worse. We tend to speak literally and simply. And I don't really know why that is. Perhaps it's because if there's something beyond the overt, it might go completely missed.

For instance Mark Twain is basically full of endless amazing quotes with lovely nuance, yet in contemporary times how many people would miss the meaning in a statement like "Prosperity is the best protector of principle"? I can already see people raging over his statement, taken at face value. Downvote the classist!
by New_Person | 2025-12-16 04:54:13+00:00
UPDATE: Three-Phase Mortality Model VALIDATED

I just completed a comprehensive statistical validation of this dataset using all 49,467 confirmed corporate deaths (1992-2025).

KEY FINDINGS: • 59.0% of delisted stocks lost >50% of their value before death (HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT, p<0.001) • Median price destruction: 66.6% • 33.2% lost >90% of value, 16.7% suffered >99% wipeouts

TEMPORAL TRENDS: • 1990s: 13,709 deaths, 60.8% median destruction • 2000s: 11,985 deaths, 71.7% median destruction • 2010s: 9,858 deaths, 73.7% median destruction ← PEAK SEVERITY • 2020s: 14,915 deaths, 66.7% median destruction ← MOST DEATHS

IMPLICATION: Corporate death is NOT sudden in price space—it's systematically foreshadowed by deep, sustained price deterioration. This validates the Three-Phase Mortality Model and has major implications for: - Risk management & distress prediction - Portfolio construction & drawdown dynamics - Early-warning systems for quantitative equity portfolios

The destruction severity has INCREASED over time (60.8% → 73.7%), suggesting market efficiency improvements make corporate decline more visible and systematic.

Full analysis: 6 cells of statistical validation + 4-panel visualization created in Google Colab, bypassing all Drive mount issues by downloading directly from GitHub.
by finbarr1987 | 2025-12-16 04:54:26+00:00
Yeah, this is a pretty common pattern: use a domain-specific tool where it fits (Octave for the math), and a general language for the product glue (Python). Same idea as infra work — lots of teams would rather express intent in Terraform than build it in Rust, because a DSL can be a cleaner fit for the job.
by therobots927 | 2025-12-16 04:54:33+00:00
The situation won’t be improved for as long as an incentive structure exists that drives the degradation of the user experience.

Get as off-grid as you possibly can. Try to make your everyday use of technology as deterministic as possible. The free market punishes anyone who “respects their users”. Your best bet is some type of tech co-op funded partially by a billionaire who decided to be nice one day.
by jmyeet | 2025-12-16 04:54:40+00:00
So here's a fun experiment for you. Look at a periodic table and start with Cobalt (the first element after Iron) and look at what its uses are. Wikipedia is fine. And then ask if there are alternatives for that metal. In some cases we won't know but in other cases, the situation would be dire.

The first few include Nickel, Copper and Zinc. Think of all those alloys and direct uses, particularly copper as an electrical conductor. Or all the rare earths for magnets and semiconductors. Or gold or lead even.

Then there's Iodine, which is actually essential for human life. Zinc, selenium and others are used too, possibly others.

The scarier question is what happens when the universe runs out of hydrogen in vast quantities? It will only be around for stars to burn for so long. Most are in the billions of years. A handful are in the trillions. But eventually they will run out too.
by unethical_ban | 2025-12-16 04:55:39+00:00
Why need production if you don't have consumption? I jest, only partially.

I suppose we do things how we do because taxing income is a lot easier to do progressively than taxing consumption.

You can't meter how many times someone has been out to eat or how many gallons of gas they have put into their car, but you can more easily track what their employer puts in their bank account.
by vel0city | 2025-12-16 04:55:50+00:00
I (and practically most people) are rarely to never carrying stacks of full sheets of drywall. Having that be the basis of your needs for a car is absurd for most people.

Even then, my minivan can pack some pretty long and pretty large things inside. Meanwhile it's got a better turning radius than most trucks, it has way better visibility, it's far less pedestrian unfriendly, it's got an easier loading height, sliding doors make it easier to fit the back five passengers in and out, the stuff I'm hauling doesn't have to risk getting wet or affected by the outside environment. Seems like the minivan is way superior than a bed for suburban life if one needs such a large vehicle.

I've needed to move homes requiring the need for a 24' box truck more than I've needed to haul a stack of drywall around. Should I daily drive a uhaul truck?
by mattmaroon | 2025-12-16 04:57:46+00:00
Yeah I might have thought that too if I didn’t own commercial vehicles. I own a few and the idea of switching to an EV for them is laughable. Go tow stuff for 8 hours one day and ask yourself “if I had to stop for 30 minutes every 90 miles how would I like this day?”

Battery ranges decline by over 50% when towing. The long term health of a battery requires you to keep it within a range of about 60% of the max capacity (ie between 20 and 80). So that’s if anything a generous estimate. You’d increase your labor cost by 25% just charging, not to mention that public charging isn’t any cheaper than fuel. I’m not even factoring in lost job profits or overtime.

The margins the Ford dealer takes are not the issue. The cost of the vehicle itself amortized by the hour is much less than the labor cost of operating it. If I could get any EV truck at the same cost as my diesel, I still wouldn’t. If you’ve got two guys out, that’s $50 burnt every time they charge (at least) and that may be 2+ times a day. Your fuel cost is irrelevant. Five minutes at a gas station and a tank of diesel is still cheaper.

It has some use cases I’m sure (delivery vans since it is one worker, city driving, short range) but most commercial vehicle work is simply not going electric given current battery technology.
by lelanthran | 2025-12-16 04:59:23+00:00
> I never understood people who say their English writing is "bullshitting". Oh you read the book and offered a plausible interpretation? That sounds to me like learning and creating.

I'm skeptical that watwut was as good in HS English lit as he claims to be: see his other response to me - he basically believes that recycling plot points is both meaningless (correct) and a path to high marks in literature (incorrect) :-/

I mean, it's possible but unlikely that plot examination will lead to good marks.
by jandrewrogers | 2025-12-16 04:59:35+00:00
The Rivian has pretty limited range. The Scout looks promising though.

People out in the ranch country, oil patch, some mining areas, etc often want a reliable 600-ish miles unloaded. That’s why extended fuel tanks are a common option. Even without an extended fuel tank, you can often achieve that with an ICE and a jerry can.

EVs have great potential as 4WD off-road vehicles. In a lot of ways they are more naturally suited to it. Their main weakness is range and loiter time. In many contexts it will be days before you’ll be able to get to a charging point.

The killer feature of ICE in this context is the tremendous range and simplicity of extending range if you need more. Fuel is very compact, easy to bring with you, and available from other vehicles if you run short. An EV that can augment its range indefinitely with fuel is probably the sweet spot.

I think we’ll get there relatively soon.
by carlwgeorge | 2025-12-16 04:59:43+00:00
It warms my heart to see someone else recognize this. The bug-for-bug model that classic CentOS Linux followed was fundamentally broken. Sure there were lots of consumers, but without the ability to fix bugs or accept contributions it was dysfunctional. The underlying motivation of the CentOS Stream changes was resolving this conflict, so that bugs can be fixed and contributions can be merged, resulting in a more sustainable distro.
by New_Person | 2025-12-16 05:00:06+00:00
LITERATURE REVIEW COMPLETE: Academic Validation Strong

I conducted a comprehensive literature review on corporate mortality patterns using Perplexity AI. The academic research strongly validates the Three-Phase Mortality Model:

Price Decline Before Failure: Multiple event-study papers document substantial negative abnormal returns in quarters/years leading to bankruptcy. Dawkins et al. report sharp "plunge" behavior around Chapter 11 filings. Japanese/TSE/NASDAQ studies show 1-year buy-and-hold returns before delisting of ~60% losses on average, with median losses of ~65% for main-board firms and ~84% for smaller markets.

Three-Phase Models: Several academic frameworks view failure as multi-phase rather than single-event. Recent JSF research categorizes firms as healthy→depressed→distressed, building three-phase models. Structural Merton-tradition models interpret phases as: asset value drift toward default, equity behaves like deep out-of-the-money option, intensifying volatility sensitivity.

Destruction Severity Across Eras: Literature confirms median pre-delisting losses in 50-70% range. Post-2000s studies show attenuation suggesting information flow evolution. The 2010s exhibiting MORE severe median destruction (73.7%) vs 1990s (~61%) aligns with findings that later-period failures show greater price destruction due to smaller, more distressed marginal firms.

Market Microstructure: Studies since 1990s document how decimalization, electronic trading, and high-frequency activity have altered distress manifestation. Flash Crash work highlights self-exciting dynamics and order flow. Delisting leads to tripled percentage spreads, doubled volatility, large depth drops even with high OTC volume.

KEY INSIGHT: The 59% rate of >50% value loss before delisting and 66.6% median destruction are highly consistent with documented one-year pre-delisting losses and event-window returns across multiple markets. This extends the literature by providing large-scale, multi-decade, all-cause delisting perspective.

Full Perplexity research: https://www.perplexity.ai/search/conduct-a-comprehensive-lit...
by ianburrell | 2025-12-16 05:00:10+00:00
Receivers are big because of the amplifiers. AV receivers have to drive lots of channels. They are all 5.1 or 7.1. But stereo receivers are also huge.

I suspect that some of this is tradition because there are small solid state amplifiers. I'm surprised no one has made a small receiver for 2.1 system cause would be pretty common.
by techjamie | 2025-12-16 05:01:38+00:00
Not sure how much you checked in detail, but to add on, I downloaded it and unpacked the app to check out the source. Would say it definitely looks like AI written code. I partially wonder if Gemini generated it, because it seemingly imports `@google/genai` as a dependency and does nothing with it, and that kinda seems like a Gemini thing to do.
by NoMoreNicksLeft | 2025-12-16 05:02:39+00:00
>The US would allow Taiwan to seek nuclear capability. But China would certainly see this as a reason to strike.

China already sees a reason to strike. Right now, it's about whether Taiwan has a deterrent to them doing so.

>In the nuclear proliferation literature there is the concept of "sheltered pursuit". One of the nuclear powers is basically allowing you to disregard the NPT, and pursue nuclear weapons.

Or you develop everything but the core, some safe design that needs no testing (Trinity worked correctly on the first try, obviously. Something that needs a small core, minimum plut. This can be done in a way (and quickly enough) that you can hope to keep it secret from espionage.

Then you just make sure you have enough spent fuel that when you're ready for that part, you can get 3+ cores' worth in a hurry. Yes, the inspectors will catch on, but not before everything's done. Then you tell the inspectors to fuck off. Crisis averted.

>I think a lot of the world would understand and accept a Chinese preemptive strike if China could show evidence that Taiwan was trying to acquire nukes,

Personally, I think it's a shame that Ukraine didn't trade a couple dozen to Taiwan back in the 90s, in exchange for help rejiggering the electronics on their own nukes. Both nations could have walked away with a couple dozen, and the world would be far more peaceful today.
by seanrrr | 2025-12-16 05:02:55+00:00
> When something breaks, the fastest path to recovery is often for a person to open the console and fix it directly.

Definitely agree with this, sometimes something goes out and you need to fix it quickly. If you happen to not have permissions or access to modify the state file or do a terraform apply, it can be a bit of a pain to wait for CI/CD to apply the changes. Or in other cases, if some weird drift happens since the last time the state file was updated and now you gotta go through all this other stuff and hope it doesn’t affect the thing you’re trying to fix or cause new problems.
by seanmcdirmid | 2025-12-16 05:03:42+00:00
When I was a kid, my dad owned a pickup truck in Mississippi, and there seem to be tons of ways of avoiding getting the groceries wet, a bed-width toolbox behind the cab was the simplest way (and this was way before extended cabs were a thing).

If you are living in such an area where they can't even figure that kind of thing out, it sounds like there might be something in the water.
by ripe | 2025-12-16 05:04:41+00:00
What a comprehensive, well-written article. Well done!

The author traces the evolution of web technology from Notepad-edited HTML to today.

My biggest difference with the author is that he is optimistic about web development, while all I see is shaky tower of workarounds upon workarounds.

My take is that the web technology tower is built on the quicksand of an out-of-control web standardization process that has been captured by a small cabal of browser vendors. Every single step of history that this article mentions is built to paper over some serious problems instead of solving them, creating an even bigger ball of wax. The latest step is generative AI tools that work around the crap by automatically generating code.

This tower is the very opposite of simple and it's bound to collapse. I cannot predict when or how.
by MobiusHorizons | 2025-12-16 05:05:55+00:00
I don't actually think people are driving around with high beams on. Modern LED headlights are just brighter, and cars are higher up than they used to be, meaning older lower cars, especially sedans are just in the path of regular beams. I actually yelled at someone once to turn off their high beams because I was so convinced that's what it was. turns out, they just drive a tesla, which just have blinding lights. I guess there are also probably people with high beams, but most of the ones that are terrible aren't high beams, they are just modern.
Ask HN: Did anyone learn basic arithmetic as "snapshots" instead of procedures?
by ursAxZA | 2025-12-16 05:07:12+00:00
I’ve been thinking about how people actually learn basic arithmetic — whether their first intuition comes from procedures or from “snapshots”.

I’ve noticed adults with surprisingly different gut-level approaches, and I’m curious how early those patterns form.

This isn’t about correctness — just how your earliest intuition took shape.

Some people learn through procedures (e.g., understanding 2+3 as (1+1+1)+(1+1)). Others seem to learn what I’d call “snapshot learning”:

they simply internalize that “2 + 3 = 5” without seeing the intermediate structure.

So I’m curious:

• Did you learn arithmetic as procedures or as memorized snapshots?

• If you learned snapshots first, when did procedural understanding show up?

• Do you think math education should make the inner steps more visible?

I’ve been exploring a notation (Δⁿ sort) that exposes intermediate steps, but the real question is how people learned arithmetic, not the notation itself.

Curious to hear your experiences.

(Background below — feel free to skip.)

─── ─── ─── ─── ─── ─── ─── ─── ─── ───

Thinking back, I don’t think I was particularly bad at basic arithmetic as a child (though I may be idealizing my memory a bit).

What I do remember clearly is getting stuck at division. In hindsight, this might have been a side effect of learning mainly through snapshots.

Terms like “numerator” and “denominator” didn’t connect to anything. Decimals felt vaguely unstable. π was just a symbol that produced correct answers but didn’t relate to any internal structure.

Even “2 × 2 = 4” made sense to me only as a kind of visual pairing, not as the procedure (1+1)+(1+1). It simply became “4”. For me, it was a result, not a process.

It’s also possible that this partial procedural understanding is the reason I drifted into pure snapshot learning later on. I honestly don’t remember.

To illustrate what I mean by “making the steps visible”, here’s the same idea using Δ-sort-style notation:

2 × 2

=³ (1+1) + (1+1)

=² 2 + 2

= 4

─── ─── ───

Division, however, still felt opaque.

“2 ÷ 2 = 1” — I knew the answer, but even now it doesn’t fully click. I understand it intellectually as “splitting 2 into two equal parts”, but I don’t recall anyone teaching it that way.

Without first internalizing the idea that “half of 2 is 1”, the operation never felt grounded.

To illustrate what I mean, here’s that same idea using a Δ-style breakdown:

2 ÷ 2

=³ (1+1) ÷ 2

=² 1 and 1

= 1

＊ “1 and 1” could just as well be written as (1, 1) or (1 | 1).

I’m not a mathematician, so I’m not claiming the notation is rigorous. The point isn’t precision — it’s visibility.

This is meant as a lightweight way to make intermediate steps visible for early learners.

For people who won’t go on to study higher mathematics, something like this might be sufficient — or at least less alienating.

─── ─── ───

Thanks for reading.

None of this is meant as a strong claim — I’m mainly curious how others learned.

If this is off-topic for Ask HN, feel free to ignore.
by ssl-3 | 2025-12-16 05:08:36+00:00
I also love the Harmony remote in my living room. It's imperfect, but it's plenty good enough. It flows well and works predictably. It's easy to reconfigure.

And no matter what bizarro-world co-dependent cacophony of AV gear I manage to pile up together, any person can pick up the remote and watch TV or play a game or whatever.

I will be particularly unhappy when Logitech finally pulls the plug on Harmony servers.

At that point, I'll definitely need something different.

But IR codes are only part of the puzzle. And that is perhaps the easiest part to solve: We've already got lots of databases with IR-stuff available. There's databases focused on RC5, and the sleepy LIRC project, and some other things (all of which tend to be very Old Web in appearance).

License-permitting, it's simple enough to use this work as a foundation onto which newer codes can be placed.

That just leaves making the Harmony hardware interface work (hah, hahah -- and it's a dead-end anyway), or developing a new open-source remote to rule them all (which actually might not be too terrible of a task).

That all covers the first 90% of the problem.

The remaining 90% of the problem is just creating software that has a usable UI and actually works.
Show HN: TextGO – A text selection popup tool (alternative to PopClip/SnipDo)
by C5H12O5 | 2025-12-16 05:08:43+00:00
I built an open-source text processing tool as an alternative to PopClip and SnipDo. It's cross-platform (macOS/Windows), extensible, and doesn't require a subscription.

What it does:

TextGO automatically recognizes text types and executes custom actions. You can trigger it via global hotkeys, mouse double-click, or text selection. It supports both instant execution and interactive toolbar modes.

Key features:

- Built-in text type recognition (URLs, emails, IPs, timestamps, programming/natural languages, etc.)

- Multiple trigger methods with independent rule configurations

- Extensible via regex, scripts, or local AI integration

- Customizable toolbar icons

Feedback and contributions welcome!