MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by franciscop | 2025-12-12 12:23:45+00:00
Sure, I'm just pointing out that this article doesn't follow the HN Guidelines, so I was confused at not seeing any mention of the budget within the article:

> "Please don't do things to make titles stand out, like using uppercase or exclamation points, or saying how great an article is. It's implicit in submitting something that you think it's important."

> "Otherwise please use the original title, unless it is misleading or linkbait; don't editorialize"
by switknee | 2025-12-12 12:24:09+00:00
Chrootkit is the sort of thing you run on your affected drive from a system you believe isn't affected.

EDR is pretty much just logging and remote access. The rest is fluff. Yes, you need a "host agent" for operational and regulatory reasons, but there's more flexibility than you think in what you can deploy for that. And none of the vendors use the best technical solution.

It's true the desktop security model sucks, but there's progress in improving it. Wayland, containerization, immutability.
by cl3misch | 2025-12-12 12:24:51+00:00
> Basic phone charger <1A USB power supply was not enough to even finish booting, but a ~2A was enough to boot and launch octo4a

So it's drawing >1A over a single diode? Let's say 1.4A and 700mV voltage drop over the diode, then it's roughly 1W over the diode. Won't it get pretty hot?
by Ndymium | 2025-12-12 12:25:32+00:00
It's basically what Phoenix LiveView specifically is. That's only one way to do it, and Phoenix is completely capable of traditional server rendering and SPA style development as well.

LiveView does provide the tools to simulate latency and move some interactions to be purely client side, but it's the developers' responsibility to take advantage of those and we know how that usually goes...
by lelanthran | 2025-12-12 12:26:02+00:00
> Those that say it's made me more productive or that I no longer have to do the boring bits and can focus on the interesting parts of coding.

I wonder about that bit, TBH.

If you're 10x more productive at generating lines of code because you're mostly just reviewing, just how carefully are you reviewing? If you're taking the time to spec out stuff in great detail, then iterate on the many different issues with the LLM code, then finally reviewing when it passes the tests ... how are you getting to 10x and not 2x?

TBH, for those people who really are able to create 10x as much code with the LLM, their employment is actually more precarious than those who aren't doing that - it means your problem domain is so shallow that an LLM can hold both it and the code in a single context window.
by EastLondonCoder | 2025-12-12 12:27:19+00:00
I’m with the people pushing back on the “confidence scores” framing, but I think the deeper issue is that we’re still stuck in the wrong mental model.

It’s tempting to think of a language model as a shallow search engine that happens to output text, but that metaphor doesn’t actually match what’s happening under the hood. A model doesn’t “know” facts or measure uncertainty in a Bayesian sense. All it really does is traverse a high‑dimensional statistical manifold of language usage, trying to produce the most plausible continuation.

That’s why a confidence number that looks sensible can still be as made up as the underlying output, because both are just sequences of tokens tied to trained patterns, not anchored truth values. If you want truth, you want something that couples probability distributions to real world evidence sources and flags when it doesn’t have enough grounding to answer, ideally with explicit uncertainty, not hand‑waviness.

People talk about hallucination like it’s a bug that can be patched at the surface level. I think it’s actually a feature of the architecture we’re using: generating plausible continuations by design. You have to change the shape of the model or augment it with tooling that directly references verified knowledge sources before you get reliability that matters.
by johnnyanmac | 2025-12-12 12:28:19+00:00
Well that's jargon in any industry. It makes no sense, you take a minute to learn it, and now it's part of your vocabulary.

At least these kinds of acronyms had utility once upon a time, when typing real estate was valuable and you input commands by hand for hours a day. Typing cat vs concat is hours of productivity save.
by vintermann | 2025-12-12 12:28:55+00:00
But of course there is! That's not the point. You could also probably produce reasonable data indicating that food starting with the letter F results in worse health outcomes. But if you then avoid fenugreek, fava beans and fiddlehead ferns, you're not making up for the fried potatoes, fried cheese and fudge sundaes which really carried the correlation!

We want causal correlations. Someone decided that instead they wanted to divide food into categoried in this specific way, and then rank categories. And I don't think all of them were naive about what they were doing. I've read Merchants of Doubt, I don't give harmful industries the benefit of doubt when it comes to things like this.
by jeremyjh | 2025-12-12 12:29:16+00:00
I'm pretty sure GP was being sarcastic. These things are very obviously not the same. You give one example, but another is algorithmic engagement - this has been most extensively studied in kids and teens but it affects everyone.

I made this point elsewhere in thread, but another difference is the daily content aspect of online influencers. Instead of reading one or two shallow, vapid articles a month about "what's wrong with your relationship" they are seeing new content every day, and they are mostly seeing the content that is upsetting the most people.
Show HN: Synrix – A Zero-Loss, Sub-Microsecond Memory Engine for Edge Compute
by JosephjackJR | 2025-12-12 12:31:32+00:00
We are solving the most expensive lie in embedded systems: that you must choose between speed (fast RAM) and safety (slow disk). When the power cuts, data is lost, and mission-critical systems fail.We built Synrix, a foundational memory substrate written in C++/Rust that eliminates this trade-off. It’s designed to run perfectly on CPU-only edge devices like the Jetson Nano.This technology allows you to run a massive data footprint that far exceeds your available RAM. We successfully run a 50 Million node graph (a 48gb dataset) on an 8gb embedded device while consuming only 1.5 gb of RAM. This breaks the memory barrier for edge AI and autonomy.Crucially, the system is ACID-Guaranteed Zero-Loss. We achieve sustained 0.40 us read latency while performing a Zero-Loss recovery even when the power is yanked. This means the audit trail for robotics and industrial SCADA, and LLM as we believe it gives persistent memory, systems is finally irrefutable.This is not research; it is ready for production. This capability eliminates the most common cause of catastrophic software failure in robotics and industrial control.We are asking the HN community to review the architecture and help us break our central promise: Can you force a data loss when the system is running?If the performance and reliability are useful for your embedded AI, robotics, or industrial projects, please check out the 5-minute demo and play around with the engine.
by mkoubaa | 2025-12-12 12:32:09+00:00
I could not disagree more. If you say "Ben told Mary that he would work with Scott on Jeff's house on Tuesday, but that Amy preferred Wednesday", that sentence carries a lot of meaning for the speaker and listener because those "names" have meaning to both parties. Nobody would tolerate the descriptive alternative: "General Contracting Company Owner told General Contracting Company Secretary that he would work with General Contracting Company Hired Hand #4 on Customer #22's house on Tuesday but Customer #22 Spouse preferred Wednesday".
by throwaway2037 | 2025-12-12 12:32:12+00:00
Somewhat tangential: The second link says "System card": https://cdn.openai.com/pdf/3a4153c8-c748-4b71-8e31-aecbde944...

Does that term have special meaning in the AI/LLM world? I never heard it before. I Google'd the term "System Card LLM" and got a bunch of hits. I am so surprised that I never saw the term used here in HN before.

Also, the layout looks exactly like a scientific paper written in LaTeX. Who is the expected audience for this paper?
by andrelaszlo | 2025-12-12 12:32:43+00:00
"We are highly confident this text was AI generated"

96% AI generated according to gptzero.

Which I wouldn't mind, honestly, if it had something useful, insightful, or original to say.

In a way I'm glad it doesn't seem to be written by a human:

> What used to be a disagreement becomes “emotional labor.”

> A bad mood gets labeled “toxic energy.”

This sounds like someone who dismisses their partner's feelings as fragmented memes, and sees her as almost brain-washed by the algorithm.

It contrasts this against a time where a relationship was something entirely different, where he could know everyone she's interacting with.

> And it doesn’t stop there.

> She has friends.

God forbid...

If this was a person and not an AI, they would sound incredibly controlling. Maybe the "toxicity" and "red flag" ideas didn't form in a vacuum?
by conartist6 | 2025-12-12 12:33:01+00:00
You could add a feature kind of like "unlocked article sharing" where you can generate a token that lives in a cache so that if I'm logged in and I want to send you a link to a public page and I want the links to display for you, then I'd send you a sharing link that included a token good for, say, 50 page views with full hyperlink rendering. After that it just degrades to a page without hyperlinks again and you need someone with an account to generate you a new token (or to make an account yourself).

Surely someone would write a scraper to get around this, but it couldn't be a completely-plain https scraper, which in theory should help a lot.
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-12 12:34:06+00:00
> but it sounds like it's a fun, emergent gameplay mechanic

That you do less damage if you do a certain movement sounds like fun, emergent gameplay? That's not how I understand either of those terms, but of course, every player likes different things.

Surf maps in CS is actually a good example of an engine bug leading to game designers intentionally use it to design new experience, with the keyword being "intentional" since those map makers actually use that bug intentionally. For me that feels very different from engine bugs that don't add any mechanic, and instead just makes the normal game harder.
by ritzaco | 2025-12-12 12:34:17+00:00
have you tried? I'm a South African living in Europe and visas are a nightmare.

Many europeans have never had to apply for a real visa in their life (I don't mean the online ones, or the apply on arrival ones, I mean the ones where you submit a 20 page form of personal details and hotel bookings and letters from friends you'll be staying with and bank statements and a full travel history) and they assume that I'm just making life difficult for myself by not doing some simpler option that they assume must exist.

I don't know about what visa options UK citizens have for the EU since brexit, but I'd be surprised it was as simple as "I feel like spending more than the 90 days I get".
by kace91 | 2025-12-12 12:35:15+00:00
Reddit auto translation is horrible. It’s an extremely frustrating feeling, starting to read something in your language believing it’s local, until you reach a weird phrase and realise it’s translated English.

It’s also clearly confusing users, as you get replies in a random language, obviously made by people who read an auto translation and thought they were continuing the conversation in their native language.
by EastLondonCoder | 2025-12-12 12:35:36+00:00
I’ve been using GPT-4o and now 5.2 pretty much daily, mostly for creative and technical work. What helped me get more out of it was to stop thinking of it as a chatbot or knowledge engine, and instead try to model how it actually works on a structural level.

The closest parallel I’ve found is Peter Gärdenfors’ work on conceptual spaces, where meaning isn’t symbolic but geometric. Fedorenko’s research on predictive sequencing in the brain fits too. In both cases, the idea is that language follows a trajectory through a shaped mental space, and that’s basically what GPT is doing. It doesn’t know anything, but it generates plausible paths through a statistical terrain built from our own language use.

So when it “hallucinates”, that’s not a bug so much as a result of the system not being grounded. It’s doing what it was designed to do: complete the next step in a pattern. Sometimes that’s wildly useful. Sometimes it’s nonsense. The trick is knowing which is which.

What’s weird is that once you internalise this, you can work with it as a kind of improvisational system. If you stay in the loop, challenge it, steer it, it feels more like a collaborator than a tool.

That’s how I use it anyway. Not as a source of truth, but as a way of moving through ideas faster.
by buescher | 2025-12-12 12:35:46+00:00
If you just want a serviceable telescope, you haven't been able to really save any money by grinding a mirror for decades, unless you're a madman like Dobson who scrounged blanks in the form of things like porthole windows. But that's not why people do it. I haven't built a non-trivial telescope but it is not too unusual for amateur telescope makers to figure mirrors to precision that you can't easily buy, i.e. not for amateur prices. Where he talks about Ali mirrors being l/6 or better? That's really good for randomly buying something unspecified cheap on Ali. l/6 is lambda/6 which means the surface error of the mirror is less than 1/6 a wavelength of light. Utility optics are typically l/4. Really fine stuff is l/10 or l/20.
by dns_snek | 2025-12-12 12:36:09+00:00
That's a hopeless generalization. People have many different problems and there are many different modalities of psychotherapy that try to address them.

Treating less severe forms of anxiety with CBT is going to be a lot more successful than treating deeply rooted personality disorders using any modality. Some problems are more suitable for CBT, and others are more suitable for EMDR, etc.

Just chatting to friends isn't enough unless you're just dealing with relatively mild, garden variety loneliness, depression, anxiety, or something similar.
by user3939382 | 2025-12-12 12:37:35+00:00
It’s not free you’re just paying with your attention which is the most valuable and scarce resource you have. Its value is convertible into money, it’s just not obvious from the user’s perspective how. From SV’s perspective is crystal clear. Every moment your mind is focused on an ad is a moment it’s not focused on something more important to your life. Some people don’t value their time or attention and Silicon Valley is happy to agree.
by af78 | 2025-12-12 12:38:10+00:00
The linked article is long on opinion, short on facts. The content does not support the headline. This is likely part of a Russian influence campaign (they did not start yesterday), aimed at de-legitimizing the protest movement and denying that Ukrainian citizens had any agency.

Besides, did you know that the Kuchma government sent Ukrainian soldiers to Afghanistan and Iraq (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_involvement_in_the_I...)? Why would the US government want to overthrow a sympathetic regime?
by wongarsu | 2025-12-12 12:38:41+00:00
Looking at the modern iterations of the program guidelines for these programs, especially [1] and [2], you basically have to use the flag, the text over, under or to either side of the flag (your choice) in one of 6 fonts (Arial, Auto, Calibri, Garamond, Tahoma, Trebuchet, Ubuntu or Verdana), and have some rules for minimum distance, minimum size and proportionality. They absolutely could have made those two match visually. But each program offers premade banners that match the design criteria, and those don't always harmonize. As you say, nobody cared

1: https://hadea.ec.europa.eu/programmes/connecting-europe-faci...

2: https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/3192a0ef-6bda...

3: https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/information-sources/log...
by rramadass | 2025-12-12 12:40:17+00:00
Language and Reality: a Wittgensteinian Reading of Bhartrhari - https://wab.uib.no/agora/tools/alws/collection-9-issue-1-art...

New Vistas to study Bhartrhari: Cognitive NLP (Natural Language Processing) - https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04440
by BatteryMountain | 2025-12-12 12:41:01+00:00
My biggest problem with LLM's at this point is that they produce different and inconsistent results or behave differently, given the same prompt. The better grounding would be amazing at this point. I want to give an LLM the same prompt on different days and I want to be able to trust that it will do the same thing as yesterday. Currently they misbehave multiple times a week and I have to manually steer it a bit which destroys certain automated workflows completely.
by SecretDreams | 2025-12-12 12:41:12+00:00
> as opposed to outsourcing the software to a third party.

All about margins and data protection

> Dell and HP don’t make operating systems…

They come from an era where this style of thinking didn't really exist and now they're in an era where market share almost entirely prevents new players/ideas from entering. If it was 2025 and OS market share wasn't static and the PC was just taking off, we'd probably see far more attempts at OS development to better monetize the PC products the vendors sell.
by oniony | 2025-12-12 12:41:21+00:00
It's not seven times longer. The Austrian line is 130km with 50km of tunnels.

Length Tunnels Bridges Stations Cost Koralm 130km ~50km 100 12 €6b HS2 230km ~75km 100+ 4 €74b+

Obviously this does not give any indication of the complexity of each project. Tunnelling and building railway through a metropolis I would imagine is quite challenging.
by Kim_Bruning | 2025-12-12 12:41:35+00:00
Wait, I looked this up once. Wasn't Rosalind Franklin's paper published back to back with the two other papers in the same issue of Nature?

https://www.mskcc.org/teaser/1953-nature-papers-watson-crick...

Yes, yes it was: Watson& Crick on page 737; Wikins, Stokes, Wilson on page 738; and Franklin, Gosling on page 740.

The record WAS straight in 1953. I am so confused.
by chantepierre | 2025-12-12 12:42:34+00:00
There is quite a vibrant community of young people grinding mirrors, it just has displaced to Discord. The "Observational astronomy" discord server has a lot of late-teenagers and young adults grinding. Our french Astro-FR server has people in their thirties grinding. But as you pointed out, garages are sparse and people seem to take shortcuts : finding bad pre-polished mirrors as blanks, slumping glass sheets to shape and continuing with fine grinding...
by stephen_g | 2025-12-12 12:42:43+00:00
As badly as HS2 has been run, apart from the tunnel length (where HS2 has not too much more than this project) these projects are night and day different. Not just that HS2 Phase 1a/1b is almost double the length and significantly higher design speed (360km/h vs 250km/h), but they are in a different league in terms of civil engineering from the info I can see - this seems to have less than 80 structures (overpasses, bridges, underpasses etc.) whereas HS2 has 175 bridges and 52 viaducts, and some of those are massive (including the longest railway viaduct in the UK).
by seanrrr | 2025-12-12 12:42:53+00:00
That’s a shame, I haven’t been keeping up on LLM web fiction quality level. I’m an avid web novel reader myself and do notice a ton more new fictions these days compared to before. There are even some works where other readers pointed out a drastic difference in quality of a longer running web novel (maybe a year or two plus) where new chapters are worse and just have a bit of that AI smell. But I suppose I also feel for writers busy with their lives and are writing on the side.

Personally, I don’t know what I feel about AI written novels, I suppose if the quality is truly great and I can’t tell, then fine. But if it means a flood of low quality novels that’s a bit sad.

But long time readers often smell something off beyond what feels like new or amateur writer quality scents. I wonder how long this radar will keep working as models and tools improve. But there must be something about high quality writing that’s difficult to capture in an LLM today, I wonder if it’s mostly a data quality thing or it’s an actual model limitation.
I would love to get some feedback from data-obsessed climbers (Expo/RN app)
by codesink | 2025-12-12 12:42:56+00:00
I’m a software engineer and climber, and for years I tracked every route in notebooks and notes apps (a big, frustrating mess).

I thought that an app could provide a better way to organize and visualize my climbing data, safely back it up, and make it easier to extract useful insights from it (performance, consistency, volume, grade progression, etc.)

I’m looking for some feedback from fellow climbers. How do you log your routes? What kind of information do you track?

You can try it out here: https://goclimbr.com/share

Thanks!
by epolanski | 2025-12-12 12:43:11+00:00
Geography I guess[1].

Kanto is flat, it's the only region in Japan that could sustain feeding such a massive population and could allow building the first mega city on the planet.

Combine that with the massive engineering and rail experience Japanese have, and it's no surprise imho that combined with favorable geography they could build it quickly.

[1] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Topograp...
by carlosjobim | 2025-12-12 12:44:34+00:00
Not directed at you, but what kind of person would [flag] and [dead] the other reply to your comment? Talk about not having a life!

As for the N9, it still has the most modern and beautiful GUI of any smart device, 15 years after being discontinued. It will take at least 15 more years for iOS or Android to reach that level, if ever. The physical design was also very nice and refined.

For those who don't believe me: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iCFNXhiFnKY
by monster_truck | 2025-12-12 12:45:01+00:00
The rock they dug through for Koralm is, no hyperbole, about as bad as it gets. It's the gnarliest part of what's under the Alps and required them switching back and forth between boring and blasting.

Being two separate tunnels, it also needs twice as much excavation work. It's also ~25x deeper than Toei Oedo (4000ft vs 157ft). At 4000ft the rock itself is 45-50C!
by chantepierre | 2025-12-12 12:45:07+00:00
I will correct the article, I've found great λ/6 or better spheres on Ali, but have yet to get a well corrected mirror. But starting from a λ/6 sphere instead of a flat glass blank saves so much time !

For this specific mirror, I was a bit disappointed, because it was specifcally advertised as parabolic, which made this project suitable, because coating costs trump all other costs for very small builds. Well it was 1.7x too much parabolic, and now I have to pay a coating :)
by flowerthoughts | 2025-12-12 12:45:30+00:00
Actually, the tunnel itself was only 17 years:

1998: Start of construction of the Koralm Railway

2008: Start of construction of the Koralm Tunnel

2018: Breakthrough Koralm Tunnel

2020: Final Koralm tunnel breakthrough

2025: This announcement (https://orf.at/stories/3414173/ in German)

https://infrastruktur.oebb.at/en/projects-for-austria/railwa...
by Antibabelic | 2025-12-12 12:46:47+00:00
I think it's debatable whether the principle that "any press is good press" is actually true. Especially for a brand that is already a household name. People will talk about you, yes. But is it a good thing that they're gonna be talking, and reinforcing the association in the minds of your customers, that you're putting out lazy, soulless slop? Of course, that's de facto what McDonald's is, but it's not like they don't benefit from at the very least an illusion that this isn't the case.