MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ctoth | 2025-12-24 22:37:43+00:00
Consider a prompt like this to a Deep Research agent if you are interested:

How have youth career aspirations toward entertainment/fame-oriented careers changed over time (1960s-present), and does the rise of "influencer" represent a genuine shift or category substitution?

\"Specific sub-questions\":

1. What longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional surveys have asked children/teens about career aspirations with consistent methodology?

2. What were the historical rates for "actor/entertainer/movie star" type responses in surveys from 1970-2000?

3. How do current "influencer/YouTuber" rates compare when aggregated with traditional entertainment categories?

4. Are there international comparison studies showing different rates by country?

5. Is there evidence for changing perceived accessibility of fame careers (kids thinking it's actually achievable vs. fantasy)?

\"Priority sources\": Academic journals (Journal of Career Development, Journal of Vocational Behavior), Gallup historical archives, Pew Research, YouGov archives, OECD education reports, Harris polls historical data.

\"Methodological notes\": Flag when studies use different age ranges, different question framings (open-ended vs. multiple choice), and whether "entertainment" categories were offered or emerged organically.

I ran this for you and got some really interesting results[0] (TLDR: Young people have traded the stability of the "Company Man" for the autonomy of the "Personal Brand" in response to a labor market that no longer guarantees security.

[0]: https://gemini.google.com/share/3652b7910d8b
by tehjoker | 2025-12-24 22:38:23+00:00
there are entire countries of marxists, china and cuba. in the us, there is a growing trend but marxists are disfavored from grants. parenti was one, hes old now. losurdo was one and he had trouble getting published even by verso. if you doubt the culture of the monied institutions in the us are anticommunist i dont know what to tell you. there are also many black academic marxists around such as august nimtz.

the stuff that gets play in the us is compatible left slop, liberal, or fascist lenses. ppl are selected for positions because they believe the correct things.
by pamelafox | 2025-12-24 22:38:38+00:00
I'm on the Python advocacy team at Microsoft, so I've been experimenting a bit with the new framework. It works pretty well, and is comparable to Langchainv1 and Pydantic-AI, but has tighter integrations with Microsoft-specific technologies. All the frameworks have very similar Agent() interfaces as well as graph-based approaches (Workflow, Langgraph, Graph).

I have a repository here with similar examples across all those frameworks:
https://github.com/Azure-Samples/python-ai-agent-frameworks-...

I started comparing their features in more details in a gist, but it's WIP:
https://gist.github.com/pamelafox/c6318cb5d367731ce7ec01340e...

I can flesh that out if it's helpful. I find it fascinating to see where agent frameworks converge and diverge. Generally, the frameworks are converging, which is great for developers, since we can learn a concept in one framework and apply it to another, but there are definitely differences as you get into the edge cases and production-level sophistication.
by bayindirh | 2025-12-24 22:38:59+00:00
For the intended context, the font is both elegant and unambiguous enough, so I have no qualms with that.

I also tend to like sans serif fonts, and my personal favorite is Inter these days. On the other hand, anything technical (terminal, programming, diagrams, etc.) gets Berkeley Mono as the only choice. Sometimes diagrams and labels get DIN though, if I feel fancy that day.

I also live in a fantasy world which I spoil myself with a Debian desktop, but an ideal car for me is a hybrid one, which I'm going to get in a near-ish future.
by toast0 | 2025-12-24 22:39:23+00:00
The small ISP that serves my home has six IPv4 prefixes and one IPv6 prefix.

My small hosting provider has I think 7 v4 prefixes, but could be one v6 prefix (if they supported v6 which they sadly don't). Maybe not --- a lot of their /22s are advertised as four /24s to allow for a DDoS Mitigation provider to attract traffic when needed; but it'd probably still be fewer prefixes with v6.

Not every ASN looks the same, but many of them would advertise a lot fewer prefixes if they could get contiguous addresses, but it's not possible/reasonable to get contiguous allocations for v4.

Since the routing table is organized around prefixes, if there is complete migration, the routing table will probably be smaller.
by easygenes | 2025-12-24 22:39:31+00:00
I'd say the inverse is true: OLEDs are the best in low light, as they generally dim well and black means zero illumination of the pixel. Author is ill-informed. Also, OLED burn-in is a non-issue with current displays in any normal situation (e.g. not a kiosk or arcade or other sort of always-on static dashboard).
by Veserv | 2025-12-24 22:39:59+00:00
While it is nice that it is faster, ~7 Gb/core-second using a in-process "virtual network", (thus only measuring the protocol implementation itself instead of the rest of the network stack) is not exactly a fast network protocol implementation. That is ~500,000-700,000 full packets per second or ~1.5-2 core-us/packet.

Under those same conditions, you can quite readily do ~100 Gb/core-second (ignoring encryption, encryption will bottleneck you to 30-50 Gb/core-second on modern chips with AES acceleration instructions) in software with feature parity with proper protocol design and implementation.
by superkuh | 2025-12-24 22:40:36+00:00
For nvidia increasing the numbers of their money-multiplying mutual investment ring is more important than the value of the deals. It's about involving more capital and people and making their grift too big to fail and keeping the stock numbers up. Nvidia has the ability to promise large amounts of money like this in announcements but I haven't read about any of them actually having money or good exchange hands yet.
by trinsic2 | 2025-12-24 22:40:39+00:00
IMHO I dont think people are considering what you lose when you cant upgrade, You get locked in to a device artificially created life cycle that's dictated by the manufacturer.

I understand where you are coming from, I guess it just makes me sad to see more and more people moving away from tech that is less in their control. And i consider upgradability and modularity and important aspect of that.
by orthoxerox | 2025-12-24 22:40:50+00:00
If I wanted the innards of my laptop to be upgradable, I would want the only part of it that would stay with me for the next decade or two (the chassis) to be damn near perfect.

There's a reason why there are enthusiasts making custom motherboards and screen adapters for old-school (seven-row) ThinkPads. These things were built like a German executive sedan.
by viccis | 2025-12-24 22:41:30+00:00
Which war? The Iraq War started with around 62% support. When the US started its involvement in the Korean War (one of the biggest mass atrocities we'd carried out since, well, about 5 years earlier when we atom bombed Japan...), around 78% supported it. Around 71% of Americans supported a large scale troop invasion of Afghanistan when it started.

Honestly, even for the wars with bad public perception, like Vietnam, it was mostly because Americans were tired of our guys being drafted just to be turned into dogfood on the other side of the world, not because we were occupying and brutalizing them.
by impulser_ | 2025-12-24 22:41:52+00:00
Are they buying them to try and slow down open source models and protect the massive amounts of money they make from OpenAI, Anthropic, Meta ect?

It quite obvious that open source models are catching up to closed source models very fast they about 3-4 months behind right now, and yeah they are trained on Nvidia chips, but as the open source models become more usable, and closer to closed source models they will eat into Nvidia profit as these companies aren't spending tens of billion dollars on chips to train and run inference. These are smaller models trained on fewer GPUs and they are performing as good as the pervious OpenAI and Anthropic models.

So obviously open source models are a direct threat to Nvidia, and they only thing open source models struggle at is scaling inference and this is where Groq and Cerberus come into the picture as they provide the fastest inference for open source models that make them even more usable than SOTA models.

Maybe I'm way off on this.
by asmor | 2025-12-24 22:42:17+00:00
I actually agree with boycotts not being effective. I'm not exactly boycotting Framework - but I will not accept getting less value than I could get elsewhere for the signaling power for repairability anymore. I'm clearly very misaligned with their politics now, and Nirav wouldn't even address these concerns head-on (there is a thread; he posted in it; he hasn't mentioned Omarchy, RubyCon or DHH with one word).

It's unfortunate I feel similarly (though less strong) about Louis Rossman/FUTO, because I like it when right to repair has strong advocates.
by wmf | 2025-12-24 22:42:59+00:00
Imagine a pharma with a weight loss drug that isn't approved yet; it's either worth $20B (if approved) or zero (if not approved).

Now imagine the LPUv2 ASIC. If it works it's worth $20B and if it doesn't it's zero. If investors think LPUv2 has a 1/3 chance of success they would buy in at $7B. Then the chip boots up and... look at that.

Or it's just a massive bubble.
by lostdog | 2025-12-24 22:44:15+00:00
I also think the author is understating how bad the original framework was. I've seen some of these and the "itchy points" are real true problems. The team supporting the framework decides that fixing the pain won't get them promo because it doesn't show up in any metrics, and certainly they won't accept your submitted improvements. Your only choice is to wrap it.

Of course, since their thing is a framework, your wrapper must be a framework too. (Is it possible to wrap a framework into a library?)

The end of the story is even sadder. You work on your replacement and wrapper, and oh no, the framework you are wrapping has problems or slowness because of the framework it depends upon!
by YorickPeterse | 2025-12-24 22:44:45+00:00
Did you miss the following parts?

Given my past experiences with X1 Carbon laptops breaking outside of warranty and the frustration that comes with replacing their components, I decided it was time to look for a replacement.
[...]
There are also some other issues with the X1 line in general, such as poor CPU cooling and the absolute nightmare that is opening them up to replace parts or clean them properly.

Maintaining an X1 is certainly possible, but it's incredibly frustrating and based on my past experiences with this series I strongly suspect other components will also fail in the near future.
by throwuxiytayq | 2025-12-24 22:44:53+00:00
I imagine trimming away 99.9% of unwanted responses is not at all difficult at all and can be done without damaging model quality; pushing it further will result in degradation as you go to increasingly desperate lengths to make the model unaware, and actively, constantly unwilling to be aware of certain inconvenient genocides here and there.

Similarly, the leading models seem perfectly secure at first glance, but when you dig in they’re susceptible to all kinds of prompt-based attacks, and the tail end seems quite daunting. They’ll tell you how to build the bomby thingy if you ask the right question, despite all the work that goes into prohibiting that. Let’s not even get into the topic of model uncensorship/abliteration and trying to block that.
by andrewflnr | 2025-12-24 22:46:14+00:00
Well, if it's tidally locked (which it probably is and the paper doesn't disabuse me), then both its rotation and orbit are about 8 hours on the sameish axis. So it's still spinning pretty dang fast, enough that the gas doesn't have to settle into hot and cold sides. I can't fully parse the part of the paper where they talk about the wind structure, but they do seem to think it still has some banding. Section 5: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae157c (linked elsewhere, here again for convenience).
by baobun | 2025-12-24 22:46:25+00:00
A good start would be government officials and institutions to stop relying on and promoting them. Ministers in office shouldn't be using them to communicate with their constituents. Public service broadcasters shouldn't be publishing on them.

Then it would be great of the population follows.

But it is certainly not the role of government to decide what foreign communications services their citizens can access.

Autoritarian censorship is not a democratic tool even if other apparently democratic countries are doing it.
by password54321 | 2025-12-24 22:46:32+00:00
Look dude, this guy failed his Twitter internship and is not about to take on Jensen Huang. This isn't some young guy anymore and this isn't 200x where is he about to have another iPhone / Sony moment.

It is peak delulu.

Edit: His whole blog is 'hot take #n'. Not even anything serious. Basically podcast bro level stuff. https://geohot.github.io/blog/jekyll/update/2025/12/22/the-o...
by scott113341 | 2025-12-24 22:46:48+00:00
One I'm familiar with (but don't know deeply about) is Iron-air batteries [1]. Form Energy [2], an interesting grid-storage startup uses them. They're not energy-dense whatsoever, but very cheap, which makes them economical for that application.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal%E2%80%93air_electrochemi...

[2]: https://formenergy.com/technology/battery-technology/
by paulddraper | 2025-12-24 22:47:36+00:00
To be clear, when you say “they’re fixing this”…the Bazel maintainers have nothing to do with this.

Bazel is a general purpose tool like Make. But with caching and sandboxing and different syntax.

Make is no less focused on Docker than Bazel is.

Unlike Make however, Bazel does make it easy to share rule sets.

But you don’t need to use other people’s Bazel rule sets any more than you need to use other people’s Make recipes.

This author has a clever way to minimize needing to touch layers at all.
by owenthejumper | 2025-12-24 22:47:38+00:00
Right now the problem is what the author already mentions - the use of Sec-Fetch-Site (FYI, HTTP headers are case insensitive :) - is considered defense in depth in OWASP right now, not a primary protection.

Unfortunately OWASP rules the world. Not because it's the best way to protect your apps, but because the corporate overloads in infosec teams need to check the box with "Complies with OWASP Top 10"
by CorrectHorseBat | 2025-12-24 22:48:37+00:00
>but the second that voice starts speaking sentences and I need to understand in real time, I freeze up. The real progress is conversing!

What helped me a lot was doing a lot of listening exercises. Start with concentrating on what you can recognize, not on what you can't. Then listen again and and again and again trying to recognize more and more.
by ErroneousBosh | 2025-12-24 22:49:21+00:00
We could have had incredibly clean cities 30 years ago, if the UK government hadn't effectively killed off LPG in favour of "scrappage schemes" to get people to buy "cleaner greener diesel" cars.

Until about the early 2000s you could get a grant to cover the cost of converting your petrol car to run on propane. There's masses of it that has to be burnt because it's a waste product from cracking heavier fractions to make plastics feedstocks, and it burns producing only carbon dioxide and water - no HC, no CO, no particulates.

They run warehouse forklifts on it, because unlike diesel or petrol you don't die if you breathe the exhaust fumes.

But, there was more profit to be had in buying everyone's cars for a couple of hundred quid and "scrapping" them - in reality, even 30 years later there are still millions lying in fields that haven't been touched - and then selling people very expensive finance packages so they can buy a diesel car instead.

So now we have stinky diesels everywhere and everyone is in debt. Working as intended.
by KennyBlanken | 2025-12-24 22:49:23+00:00
> Since I use my laptop for programming and often use it in low light conditions such as a living room with dimmed lights in the evening, OLED just doesn't make sense.

What? Low light is ideal for OLED compared to most LCDs where in low light contrast is poor due to bleed-through on the black areas via the backlight. The problem here isn't the laptop, it's between the keyboard and chair.

> I narrowed it down to two options: Buy a refurbished M1 or M2 Macbook and run Asahi Linux Buy a Framework

...or stop being a dogmatic baby about your OS and run MacOS, which is infinitely better than Linux as a desktop OS?

> I looked at some other brands but it appears that in 2025 there's just aren't many good options for Linux users

A market of less than 1% has terrible options? *gasp*

The only people still using Linux on desktop are people who think that *twenty five years* into "the year of the linux desktop" this will be the year that Linux doesn't stop being the worst option for a desktop OS.

If 2/3rds of the current linux distros hung up the hat and went to go help with other distros, there _might_ actually be progress on this front - but the nerds are too interested in fighting over asinine personal preference type things nobody else cares about, to actually make a distro that works properly and reliably. The Linux world is so hopelessly fragmented and there's thousands of people doing the same work as at least 6 other people all because they think their particular way of installing a linux package is better or their file layout is best.
by teraflop | 2025-12-24 22:49:34+00:00
The thing is that the abundance of IPv6 addresses enables fewer prefixes to be used, by allowing addresses to be allocated in much larger chunks.

For instance, Comcast (AS 7922) owns about 2^26 IPv4 addresses, distributed across 149 different prefixes. Almost all of these prefixes are non-contiguous with each other, so they each require separate routing table entries. Comcast can't consolidate those routes without swapping IP address blocks with other networks, and it can't grow its address space without acquiring new small blocks. (Since no more large blocks are available, as this article discusses.)

In contrast, Comcast owns about 2^109 IPv6 addresses, which are covered by just 5 prefixes (two big ones of 2^108 each, and three smaller ones). It can freely subdivide its own networks within those prefixes, without ever running out of addresses, and without having to announce new routes.
by criley2 | 2025-12-24 22:50:12+00:00
That's what I do and it helps and many apps let me do just that. Repeating it, reading the hanzi, reading the pinyin, and it all makes sense.

But there's something about the "conversation" between a real human or an AI voice mode where you're not on the rails. It's real time and you have to lock in and understand. That's where the magic happens!
by miguelgrinberg | 2025-12-24 22:52:35+00:00
Hi, author here.

This was actually a mistake. If you look at the OWASP cheat sheet today you will see that Fetch Metadata is a top-level alternative to the traditional token-based protection.

I'm not sure I understand why, but the cheat sheet page was modified twice. First it entered the page with a top-level mention. Then someone slipped a revision that downgraded it to defense in depth without anyone noticing. It has now been reverted back to the original version.

Some details on what happened are in this other discussion from a couple of days ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46347280.
by mgaunard | 2025-12-24 22:53:05+00:00
The compiler is only able to perform certain optimizations that have no observable behaviour.

For example it can only parallelize code which is inherently parallelizable to begin with, and unless you design your algorithm with that in mind, it's unlikely to be.

My belief is that it's better to be explicit, be it with low-level or high-level abstractions.
by treetalker | 2025-12-24 22:54:10+00:00
Based on discussion on HN several days ago, I have started using Hashcards (markdown-based flash cards with FSRS; run from terminal, but view cards in the browser). Once set up, it's pretty simple (e.g., no fiddly settings) which helps a lot. Getting new cards added is easy — especially with a Keyboard Maestro macro that I made (global keyboard shortcut pops up a window to enter Q/A and select a deck, i.e. md file, to append to; entering text only on the Q line creates a cloze-deletion card instead). Recommended.

My use case is drilling English --> target-language sentences, as well as law-related knowledge, miscellaneous facts, etc. Still mulling over what to do about other skills-based practices, à la Andy Matuschak's concept of "spaced everything".

- Hashcards: https://github.com/eudoxia0/hashcards

- HN discussion about Hashcards: https://hn.algolia.com/?q=hashcards

- Matuschak's "spaced everything": https://notes.andymatuschak.org/Spaced_everything
by liuliu | 2025-12-24 22:54:39+00:00
rules_oci (and bunch of rules_* under bazelbuild / bazel-contrib org on GitHub) is Bazel recommeded rule sets.

I don't agree with your parent comments about Bazel, but your comment is not fair too. Bazel tries to be better build tool so it took on responsibility on registry / rules_* and get critics for it is a fair game.

The "bloated Bazel" blame is not fair too, but I think somewhat understandable. If you ever going to do JavaScript, bun or other package manager is enough and "lighter-weight". Same goes to uv + Python bundle. Bazel only shines if you are dealing with your C++ mess and even there, people prefer CMake for reasons beyond me.
by yousif_123123 | 2025-12-24 22:55:02+00:00
Not good. This shouldn't be allowed. What would be better is if groq and cerebras combined, and maybe other companies invested in them to help them scale. Why would the major cloud providers not lobby against this?

Usually antitrust is for consumers, but here I think companies like Microsoft and AWS would be the biggest beneficiaries of having more AI chip competition.
by tptacek | 2025-12-24 22:55:42+00:00
You can build secure and noncentralized! What you can't do is build secure and federated, where everyone lives in a shared, broadly reachable namespace comprised of independently operated instances.

I simply wouldn't build a secure group message system to begin with. It's a treacherously hard problem and the very few people who have done it well accomplished that with major UX compromises that put them at long-term disadvantage against schlock like Telegram, and survived mostly due to force-of-nature word of mouth.

If you're going to try, and you want to be rigorous about it, I'd say you need to start by reading the whole history of cryptanalyses of secure messaging systems, even systems you don't care about. Read the papers carefully and work out the attacks for yourself. It's a little like math in that you're only going to figure it out by actually working the examples yourself.
Tell HN: Merry Christmas!
by basilikum | 2025-12-24 22:56:00+00:00
Different cultures celebrate Christmas at different days and time zones are a thing. But it's Christmas here, so:

Merry Christmas to everyone. I hope you get some rest and can spend time with people who are dear to you and get to focus on what's important rather than getting lost in stressing about everything having to be perfect.

Also much love to everyone who cannot spend their Christmas with dear people.

To make sure this post meets the relevancy criteria, here is a Wikipedia article about some Christmas (more precisely advent) tradition which I personally really like: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_market