MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by any1 | 2025-12-23 20:30:37+00:00
I have some experience with pushing video frames over TCP.

It appears that the writer has jumped to conclusions at every turn and it's usually the wrong one.

The reason that the simple "poll for jpeg" method works is that polling is actually a very crude congestion control mechanism. The sender only sends the next frame when the receiver has received the last frame and asks for more. The downside of this is that network latency affects the frame rate.

The frame rate issue with the polling method can be solved by sending multiple frame requests at a time, but only as many as will fit within one RTT, so the client needs to know the minimum RTT and the sender's maximum frame rate.

The RFB (VNC) protocol does this, by the way. Well, the thing about rtt_min and frame rate isn't in the spec though.

Now, I will not go though every wrong assumption, but as for this nonsense about P-frames and I-frames: With TCP, you only need one I-frame. The rest can be all P-frames. I don't understand how they came to the conclusion that sending only I-frames over TCP might help with their latency problem. Just turn off B-frames and you should be OK.

The actual problem with the latency was that they had frames piling up in buffers between the sender and the receiver. If you're pushing video frames over TCP, you need feedback. The server needs to know how fast it can send. Otherwise, you get pile-up and a bunch of latency. That's all there is to it.

The simplest, absolutely foolproof way to do this is to use TCP's own congestion control. Spin up a thread that does two things: encodes video frames and sends them out on the socket using a blocking send/write call. Set SO_SNDBUF on that socket to a value that's proportional to your maximum latency tolerance and the rough size of your video frames.

One final bit of advice: use ffmpeg (libavcodec, libavformat, etc). It's much simpler to actually understand what you're doing with that than some convoluted gstreamer pipeline.
by intelec1 | 2025-12-23 20:32:24+00:00
Valve’s rumored return to hardware with a new Steam Machine looks less like a console launch and more like an attempt to collapse the PC/console distinction. By betting on Linux/SteamOS and an open ecosystem, Valve challenges the subsidy + royalty model of Sony and Microsoft and indirectly weakens Windows’ grip on PC gaming. Steam Deck showed demand; the living room is the real battleground.

At the same time, consumer robotics is edging into a luxury phase. A $20k humanoid home robot like 1X Neo isn’t mass-market, but it signals a shift from single-purpose devices to general-purpose domestic platforms. The real business isn’t hardware margins but software, maintenance, and data. Privacy, not cost, is likely to be the main adoption bottleneck.

Smartphones are going the opposite direction: commoditization. Devices like the OnePlus 15R pair flagship chips with deliberate compromises, reflecting stalled hardware innovation and longer replacement cycles. Competition is moving toward ecosystem lock-in and AI features, while Chinese manufacturers continue to compress margins across the market.

In the smart home, Amazon’s Ring Intercom for apartment buildings highlights a strategic focus on renters rather than homeowners. Solving access control for delivery embeds big tech deeper into legacy urban infrastructure, raising governance and security questions while quietly expanding e-commerce reach.

Finally, DJI’s move from drones into robot vacuums illustrates how Chinese tech firms are redirecting dual-use capabilities into consumer markets under sanctions pressure. Advanced navigation and sensing become household features, but also potential regulatory flashpoints. Consumer hardware is increasingly intersecting with geopolitics, even when it looks mundane.
by IlikeKitties | 2025-12-23 20:32:58+00:00
It's a bit of a two edged sword but it's something we definitely need. Look at project like Qubes and Secureblue that try to implement this. It solves several issues:

Packaging Apps on Linux has been and always will be, a nightmare. Just giving up and sending whole VMs is basically a variant of what docker does.

Permission Management is also quite necessary and Linux Desktop/DBUS is horrible in that regard. There's recently been a post about this[0]. Especially part 5 is just... GNOME Developers being GNOME Developers...

A lot of Apps also open untrusted files and even run untrusted code. Browsers, PDFs, or Excel Macros? God only knows what kind of exploits and hidden software landmines there are.

And last but not least there's also just badly coded apps that can get pwned from remote sources. Think some game running horrible c++ code connecting peer to peer with random clients. All of them could easily buffer overflow some random function and take over all your files.

[0] https://blog.vaxry.net/articles/2025-dbusSucks
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-23 20:33:13+00:00
> Tbh i'm starting to think that I do not see microsoft being able to keep it's position in the OS market

It's a big space. Traditionally, Microsoft has held both the multimedia, gaming and lots of professional segments, but with Valve doing a large push into the two first and Microsoft not even giving it a half-hearted try, it might just be that corporate computers continue using Microsoft, people's home media equipment is all Valve and hipsters (and others...) keep on using Apple.
by cxr | 2025-12-23 20:33:21+00:00
That's been possible with Moddable/Kinoma's XS engine, which is standards compliant with ES6 and beyond.

<https://www.moddable.com/faq#comparison>

If you take a look at the MicroQuickJS README, you can see that it's not a full implementation of even ES5, and it's incompatible in several ways.

Just being able to run JS also isn't going to automatically give you any bindings for the environment.
by savioho85 | 2025-12-23 20:33:31+00:00
Hey guys, I'm a fresh grad who helped out in my dad's small business last year. His contracts were a total mess—stacks of paper for vendors and rentals, only catching expirations when someone yelled about it, and he hated digging through dense legal jargon. It wasted hours and caused constant headaches.
I looked for tools, but most CLM (contract lifecycle management) and legal AI stuff is either enterprise-priced (way too much for SMBs) or requires complex playbook setups that feel like overkill. So, I built Clausly: a simple AI-native SaaS for contract review and management. It's freemium—upload docs, AI scans for risks, extracts key data, tracks lifecycles and cashflow automatically. No fancy setups needed; just quick insights and chats with AI for advice.
Still in beta, and I'm no pro dev—just bootstrapping this to fix problems like my dad's. If you're in SaaS, run an SMB, or deal with legal docs, what do you think? Faced similar chaos? I'd love feedback to make it better. DM or comment for free beta access.
https://clausly.ai
by eichin | 2025-12-23 20:33:51+00:00
Probably either (1) they don't request another jpeg until they have the previous one on-screen (so everything is completely serialized and there are no frames "in-flight" ever) (2) they're doing a fresh GET for each and getting a new connection anyway (unless that kind of thing is pipelined these days? in which case it still falls back to (1) above.)
by andai | 2025-12-23 20:34:18+00:00
Many moons ago I was using this software which would screenshot every five seconds and give you a little time lapse and the end of the day. So you could see how you were spending your computer time.

My hard disk ended up filling up with tens of gigabytes of screenshots.

I lowered the quality. I lowered the resolution, but this only delayed the inevitable.

One day I was looking through the folder and I noticed well almost all the image data on almost all of these screenshots is identical.

What if I created some sort of algorithm which would allow me to preserve only the changes?

I spent embarrassingly long thinking about this before realizing that I had begun to reinvent video compression!

So I just wrote a ffmpeg one-liner and got like 98% disk usage reduction :)
by Animats | 2025-12-23 20:34:35+00:00
> Gaming dropped to ~10% of Nvidia's revenue a year or two ago due to AI

Well, actually it's that the AI business made NVidia 10x bigger. NVidia now has a market cap of $4.4 trillion. That's six times bigger than General Motors, bigger than Apple, and the largest market cap in the world. For a GPU maker.
by WackyFighter | 2025-12-23 20:35:22+00:00
It doesn't matter who does it. To stream you need to send the player input across the net, process, render and then send that back to the client. There is no way to eliminate that input lag.

Any game that is requires high APM (Action Per Minute) will be horrible to play via streaming.

I feel as if I shouldn't really need to explain this on this site, because it should be blindingly obvious that this will always be an issue with any streamed games for the same reason you have a several seconds lag between what happening on a live sports event and what you see on the screen.
by jauntywundrkind | 2025-12-23 20:35:27+00:00
I wish we could do more lie-to-children with computers. Just the idea of having be comprehensive explanatory models to give people, even if they are wrong, feels so so much better than each app having its own facade, a surface gloss that the user rarely has so much as opportunity to peer behind.

Watching promises & async arise so strongly in the broader programmer-sphere has been incredible (#ErlangWasThere all along but anyhow). I still consider it a bit of a mistake that the definition of a promise is regarded as a future value, when to me it so clearly first class entity, is an ongoing process which will eventually have a return value. But we still manage and juggle processes and work in incredible ways, that (Erlang aside) were so unimaginable. If we could show that off more, if we could expand observability from an operator concern to a readily available co-partner, I think there's such interesting hopeful ways that we could let people in to computing. Some lies and fudging to let people feel a little better about what has largely been black boxes would go a long way.

Especially now with AI, where it's so unclear to all what we are really getting. Where's the systems of the world haven't even the pretense of being well reasoned, perhaps, but merely regurgitations by the blind eye, fakeness, suffusing and invading all reality about us: more than ever it's important that we make the technosystems of the world elaborate themselves, with some truth, and ideally with some higher level lies that wrap deeper machinations. Like nature, a glory of being able to ever zoom in, or blast off & look down.
by chamomeal | 2025-12-23 20:35:50+00:00
But nothing forces you to write functional code either. I’ve seen a whooole lot of php and JS, and most of it has been pretty terrible lol. Of course you can write terrible code in any language, but I think the ease of starting with JS/php combined with the lack of built-in opinions makes it easy to build huge piles of spaghetti.

Though these days fresh typescript codebases are usually pretty decent. I love typescript and it’s really nice to work with a well-typed, modern project with proper schema validation and such. Def miss that in clojure.

Also I wouldn’t really compare JS or pythons REPL to clojure’s. Python’s is useful, but I pretty much live inside the clojure repl
by wiether | 2025-12-23 20:35:51+00:00
I used to be intrigued by _software craftsmanship_, but I mainly saw people using it to practice heavy gatekeeping.
Be it on the job, in code reviews, in job interviews...

Furthermore, given how they behave in a cult-like way, it feels like they are straight-up delusional.

People working as consultants for big retail chains, talking all day long about "the craft".
Nobody cares.
They sell trash.
They don't put marble in their store.
They don't want fancy software.
Furthermore, if, by trying to force "the craft" to their peers, all they do is making the life of others miserable...
Just stop. Please.

Now my approach is as follow:

if stakeholders are only interested in two things (how-much it cost, when it's ready), which is 99% of the case at $JOB, then make something that does the job and that won't make you hate yourself if you have to maintain it in a year

if I'm the stakeholder, like creating internal tooling that nobody asked for but that will solve issues, then yes, I do things as good as I want them to be

same for working on FOSS on my personal time
by pseudalopex | 2025-12-23 20:36:26+00:00
> I don't see where he is threatening anybody?

The threat he relayed was more serious than the threat he made. But it is a threat when a person with influence suggests they may support a punishment.

> If you promise to store a key in a non-exportable format

There was no such promise. The people who wish Passkeys to replace passwords did not demand it yet even.
by MobiusHorizons | 2025-12-23 20:36:29+00:00
it also talks about the global object not being a place to add properties. So how you might do `window.foo = ...` or `globalThis.foo = ...` to make something from the local context into a global object. in this dialect I guess you would have to reserve any global objects you wanted to set with a `var` and then set them by reference eg

// global. initialized by SomeConstructor
var fooInstance

class SomeConstructor {
constructor(...) {
fooInstance = this;
}
static getInstance(...) {
if (fooInstance != null) return fooInstance;
return new SomeConstructor(...);
}
}
by RickJWagner | 2025-12-23 20:36:58+00:00
Sorry, there are some things that are not true there.

Presidents that had a surplus include Coolidge (R), Truman (D), Eisenhower (R), Johnson (D) and Clinton (D).

Clinton is strong in my memory, he was working with Newt Gingrich’s Republican congress. The two seemed to work well together. Some suggest that Clinton’s stances on gay marriage, immigration, incarceration, etc. give him a right-leaning stance in today’s world.
by joezydeco | 2025-12-23 20:37:44+00:00
Agreed. The software situation seems to be getting more confusing by the month. AAOS builds have suddenly jumped from 3.x to 4.x and the release notes say "various fixes". Um, like what? Was there a major update to something or not?

I'm still on a AAOS 2.x release from 2023 and will not upgrade at this point.
by thisisit | 2025-12-23 20:37:45+00:00
I like how in today’s world and especially when it comes to Musk things cannot be as simple as incompetence. It has to be some 4D chess move. Like a reverse Hanlon’s razor: Never attribute to stupidity that which might be/maybe/perhaps explained by 4D chess move. It’s like 4chan leaking all over the Internet. And Musk can keep his genius legacy alive.
by the_pwner224 | 2025-12-23 20:37:57+00:00
For games that have FSR built-in you can enable it in the game settings, then it'll only scale up the game content while rendering the HUD at native resolution. And can use the better upscaling algorithms that rely on internal game engine data / motion vectors, should reduce artifacts.

The other cool things is they also have Frame Gen available in the driver to apply to any game, unlike DLSS FG which only works on a few games. You can toggle it on in the AMD software just below the Super Res option. I quickly tried it in a few games and it worked great if you're already getting 60+ FPS, no noticeable artifacts. Though going from 30=>60 doesn't work, too many artifacts. And the extra FPS are only visible in the AMD software's FPS counter overlay, not in other FPS counter overlays.

I recently got a Asus Rog Flow Z13 gaming "tablet" with the AMD Strix Halo APU. It has a great CPU + shared RAM + ridiculously powerful iGPU. Doesn't have the brute power of my previous desktop with a 4090, but this thing can handle the same games at 4k with upscaling on high settings (no raytracing), it's shockingly capable for its compact form factor.
by viraptor | 2025-12-23 20:38:17+00:00
> world of C where everything must be crafted with care or it just plain doesn't work.

I hope you track the progress so you're not surprised one day. The research side is way past embedded C and VHDL was of interest a year ago https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3670474.3685966 In embedded code, recent LLMs can do just fine with popular architectures. It's down to the spec and test harness whether embedded C works or not. The moat is not that big.
by nutjob2 | 2025-12-23 20:38:27+00:00
Well, the 'active ingredient' in these things is the bulb and a reputable brand (Philips medical) runs about 150 euros for a 100w tube with a R17d plug:

https://www.francelampes.com/en/30214-r17d-tl-100w-01-uvb-17...

You then just need the right ballast for it and a basic timer, maybe a reflector and stand and you're in business. Getting smaller qty is going to be an issue since these suppliers tend to sell in packs of 10.

Apparently the a ballast runs about 70 euros and can power two bulbs.

I might look into it since it's down right affordable compared to the alternatives.
by 93po | 2025-12-23 20:38:47+00:00
The better metaphor is: the house has been on fire for decades, and hyper-focusing on throwing water on a single part of the fire that's only been around for a few years isn't going to fix the gas pipe leak that's the actual reason for it going on for decades. People say words like "fascism" as dog whistle for "Trump" which is exhausting because of reasons other posters have been made clear: he's a symptom, not the root cause. It's boring partisan politics and very naive to the real systemic issues that people are blind to due to many reasons, and at least in part because of group think and tribal mentalities and a lack of class consciousness. And it's a perspective/dog whistle ignorant to nearly any establishment politician being at least, in part, complicit for the gas leak not getting fixed. And it's exhausting that the same accountability and frustration isn't being held when it's someone they voted for who's in office despite them still being an enabler of a broken system.
by avianlyric | 2025-12-23 20:38:58+00:00
> You can have a reasonable requirement where Apple should not be able to block other companies from providing similar services based on an iphone.

This is what the requirement is. The EU isn’t demanding that Apple provide the same experience for 3rd Party and 1st Party products. It only requires that Apple allow 3rd Parties access to the same capabilities as 1st Party products, so 3rd Parties could build 1st Party quality experiences.

Nobody is asking Apple to degrade their own products. They’re just demanding that Apple don’t artificially degrade other people’s products.

> That Apple did not want to open it up is a separate discussion.

This is the only point of discussion here. Because all the EU requires is that Apple open up their internal protocols so others can implement them.
by petercooper | 2025-12-23 20:39:20+00:00
Your point also touches on the idea that new things are being created that might well never have. Like your virtual pet. You might have been commissioned to illustrate such a thing but most likely not, and it wouldn’t have been “yours.” It reminds me of when desktop publishing, MIDI sequencers, or PowerPoint took off and people produced all sorts of things that were largely not of high artisanal quality but it was new stuff, people got personal value from it (as it was harder to spread stuff around pre-Internet) and the tools eventually matured into what all the pros now use anyway.

That said, I concede the critics have many valid points and concerns and it’s going to be interesting to see how we navigate this flood of “stuff” at a scale never seen before. (I suspect it’ll end up like YouTube and video. Ultra long tail. Most stuff never seeing more than a few eyeballs and a smaller group getting the lion’s share of attention, as with most things. Did YouTube change TV and video production more generally? Yes! But it also didn’t destroy it..)
by jpalawaga | 2025-12-23 20:39:21+00:00
anti-cheat far precedes the casinoification of modern games.

nobody wants to play games that are full of bots. cheaters will destroy your game and value proposition.

anti-cheat is essentially existential for studios/publishers that rely on multiplayer gaming.

So yes, the second half of your statement is true. The first half--not so much.
by mullingitover | 2025-12-23 20:41:03+00:00
> There is also a significant cost to moving electricity production from a relatively small number of centralised plants to almost everywhere.

Correct, but that cost is a negative number.

When the generation happens in the same location where the electricity is used, you don't get the significant transmission losses. You don't have to build and maintain big transformer substations. Obviously this doesn't count for big utility-scale solar arrays. However, every commercial warehouse, for example, could cover its roof and have near-zero transmission losses for most or all of its energy usage.
by brabel | 2025-12-23 20:41:34+00:00
> it feels like it departs from what people know without good reasons.

Lua was first released in 1993. I think that it's pretty conventional for the time, though yeah it did not follow Algol syntax but Pascal's and Ada's (which were more popular in Brazil at the time than C, which is why that is the case)!

Ruby, which appeared just 2 years later, departs a lot more, arguably without good reasons either? Perl, which is 5 years older and was very popular at the time, is much more "different" than Lua from what we now consider mainstream.
by pluralmonad | 2025-12-23 20:42:05+00:00
I rebuilt a workstation after a failed motherboard a year ago. I was not very excited about being forced to replace it on a days notice and cheaped out on the RAM (only got 32GB). This is like the third or fourth time I've taught myself the lesson to not pinch pennies when buying equipment/infrastructure assets. It's the second time the lesson was about RAM, so clearly I'm a slow learner.
by unethical_ban | 2025-12-23 20:42:09+00:00
Disclaimer: I work in corporate cybersecurity.

I know that some guardrails and restrictions in a corporate setting can backfire. I know that onerous processes to get approval for needed software access can drive people to break the rules or engage in shadow IT. As a member of a firewall team, I did it myself! We couldn't get access to Python packages or PHP for a local webserver we had available to us from a grandfather clause. My team hated our "approved" Sharepoint service request system. So a few of us built a small web app with Bottle (single file web server microframework, no dependencies) and Bootstrap CSS and SQLite backend. Everyone who interacted with our team loved it. Had we more support from corporate it might have been a lot easier.

Good cybersecurity needs to work with IT to facilitate peoples' legitimate use cases, not stand in the way all the time just because it's easier that way.

But saying "corporate IT controls are all useless" is just as foolish to me. It is reasonable and moral for a business to put controls and visibility on what data is moving between endpoints, and to block unsanctioned behavior.
by JoshTriplett | 2025-12-23 20:42:49+00:00
WebAssembly also runs in places other than the web, where there isn't a JavaScript interpreter at hand. It'd be nice to have a fast JavaScript engine that integrates inside the WebAssembly sandbox, and can call and be called by other languages targeting WebAssembly.

That way, programs that embed WebAssembly in order to be scriptable can let people use their choice of languages, including JavaScript.
by thom | 2025-12-23 20:43:05+00:00
Is there any path for Microsoft and NVIDIA to work together and resurrect some sort of transparent SLI layer for consumer workloads? It’d take the pressure off the high end of the market a little and also help old cards hold value for longer, which would be a boon if, for example, your entire economy happened to be balanced on top of a series of risky loans against that hardware.