MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by neciudan | 2025-12-12 11:14:08+00:00
The Real Balance of Coupling, Complexity, and AI in Software Architecture (w/ Vlad Khononov)

We sat down with Vlad Khononov, author of Learning Domain Driven Design and Balancing Coupling in Software Design, to discuss how the industry is still misunderstanding core architectural principles—and why AI makes mastering them more urgent than ever.

Here are the key, hard-won lessons from the conversation:

1. DDD is Not Over-Engineering, But Your Focus is Wrong Many teams fail and call DDD "over-engineered" because they focus solely on the Tactical Design (Aggregates, Entities) and ignore the essential Strategic Design. The core of DDD is not writing beautiful code, but aligning with the business: * The two most important components are Ubiquitous Language and Bounded Contexts. * Ubiquitous Language is the core subdomain of DDD because almost all project failure traces back to communication issues between business and engineering. * Bounded Contexts define the applicability boundaries of those languages, but they are also driven by social decisions—specifically, by aligning with team ownership.

2. The Core Model of Coupling is Three-Dimensional Coupling isn't just "bad design," it's a necessary relationship between working components. The goal is Balanced Coupling, defined by three dimensions: 1. Strength: The amount of non-business knowledge (data format, implementation details) shared across a boundary. The more knowledge shared, the more two components must change together. 2. Distance: The physical or organizational separation (same file/folder vs. different services/systems). High knowledge sharing demands a low distance to reduce the cognitive load and pain of making necessary changes. 3. Volatility: The rate of change in the knowledge source. If the source is low volatility (e.g., an old legacy system, like a checkout or invoices database), you can be pragmatic (e.g., coupling directly to the DB schema).

Balance is achieved when high strength is inversely proportional to distance or when volatility is low.

3. AI Makes Modularity and DDD Non-Optional The LLM era requires us to be better engineers: * Ubiquitous Language makes your LLM prompts more effective. An LLM finds the "average" answer from the internet. If you don't provide explicit, company-specific context (your ubiquitous language), the results will be generic. * Bounded Contexts solve the context window problem. Large systems with high-strength coupling across big distances create pain because it's easy for a human engineer to forget to modify a distant part. An LLM with a limited context window faces the exact same difficulty. Modular boundaries (Bounded Contexts) put related, co-changing things close together, making it easier for the AI to check dependencies.

What "pain signatures" are you using to decide where to apply DDD?

Listen to the full episode here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_DpUqjTyPM0
by gambiting | 2025-12-12 11:14:08+00:00
>>I hope the lukewarm support for Ukraine will become at least a bit stronger

As a Pole, I think the nation as a whole doesn't recognize that we are already at war. By any estimate, Russia already uses thousands of people online to post false information about both the war and Ukrainians in Poland, trying to incite hatred towards them so that Polish support for them goes down, and so far it has been working. Just go to a comment section on any news article or(if you're brave) Facebook, it's dare I say infested with brand new accounts whose entire posting history is just "get those ukrainian vermins out of this country" or the variations of. The governments office that was meant to investigate and combat this had....2 employees until very recently. Our response to this is not just inadequate, we are literally being "attacked"(not in a physical sense) by another nation and we do very little about it. And it appears to be working too - outright xenophobia and actual physical violence against Ukrainians is up on the raise in Poland, and political stance of "you know maybe Putin isn't such a bad guy" is coming out of the fringes and entering public conversation too. For a country such as Poland which has suffered first hand at the hands of Russians, this is an insane position to take.
by forgotpwd16 | 2025-12-12 11:14:14+00:00
From the devs themselves[0]:

>Our goal is to build a reimplementation of SQLite from scratch, fully compatible at the language and file format level, with the same or higher reliability SQLite is known for, but with full memory safety and on a new, modern architecture.

And they call it rewrite in a recent followup post[1].

[0]: https://turso.tech/blog/introducing-limbo-a-complete-rewrite...

[1]: https://turso.tech/blog/we-will-rewrite-sqlite-and-we-are-go...
by lelanthran | 2025-12-12 11:15:36+00:00
> I've used Claude in agent mode to port a very complex and spaghetti coded C application to nicely structured C++

You migrated code from one of the simplest programming languages to unarguably the most complex programm language in existence. I feel for you; I really do.

How did you ensure that it didn't introduce any of the myriad of footguns that C++ has that aren't present in C?

I mean, we're talking about a language here that has an entire book just for variable initialisation - choose the wrong one for your use-case and you're boned! Just on variable initialisation, how do you know it used the correct form in all of the places?
by gambiting | 2025-12-12 11:15:44+00:00
Guess who else is very much interested in that happening.....

"Leaked files ‘show US wants to persuade four nations to leave EU’ The countries seen as targets to follow Brexit are Austria, Hungary, Italy and Poland, according to leaked details of the US national security strategy" https://www.thetimes.com/us/american-politics/article/us-meg...
by einsteinx2 | 2025-12-12 11:15:48+00:00
> Could I make hardware with a "NotHDMI" port that "happens" to be mechanically compatible with HDMI plugs, has the exact same pinout, etc etc?

Yes there are a bunch of products that do exactly this, sometimes with the same pin out and used for video output to HDMI compatible screens (internal HDMI mods for consoles are an example), other ones that use it for completely different purposes like controller ports (the Bliss-Box adapters and MiSTeR SNAC controllers). They just can’t use the HDMI name. In fact a few of those HDMI console mods started with HDMI in their product names and changes them for exactly that reason (e.g. DCHDMI now called DCDigital for the Sega Dreamcast).
by aspele | 2025-12-12 11:15:54+00:00
Being firefighters, yes to some extent, because males are more likely to have acquired the physical strength needed to lift people out of burning buildings. But there are many female firefighters who excel in the profession too.

There is nothing about males that make them more suited to be doctors. We also can see that in the demographics in some countries (e.g. the UK), there is a roughly equal balance of female doctors to male doctors.

Having mathematical ability is linked to intelligence, not sex.
by uhdhr | 2025-12-12 11:16:44+00:00
If you enter a bear's den, especially if it has cubs, the bear will likely attack you.

If you enter the territory of a swan, especially during nesting season, the swan might attack you.

If a foreign object enters some animal's body, the immune system may attack that object.[0] Allergy might be related to the immune system misidentifying allergens.

Squirrels can be surprisingly territorial.

Ants have wars. [1]

This is not surprising, since the consequences of territory being compromised can be severe. For instance, in this case [2], the territory was compromised through deception, like pretending to be one of them, and it led to the severe weakening or death of the whole colony through the mass devouring of their offspring.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_body_reaction

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_ants

[2]: https://www.reddit.com/r/Damnthatsinteresting/comments/123ke...
by black_puppydog | 2025-12-12 11:16:54+00:00
The Reddit issue is also something that really annoys me and i wish kagi would find some way to counter it. Whenever I search for administrational things I do so in one of three languages, German, French or English depending on which context this issue arises in. And I would really prefer to only get answers that are relevant to that country. It's simply not useful for me to find answers about social security issues in the US when I'm searching for them in French.
by etothepii | 2025-12-12 11:17:07+00:00
This is an idea I have not encountered before but makes an enormous amount of sense. I wonder how one would create a hypothesis that could then be shown or not I the archeological record.

Slavery was certainly an integral part of both the Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman societies. It has historically been associated with the concept of a person being property which rather requires that one has a concept of property.

A very interesting insight, thank you.
by exsomet | 2025-12-12 11:17:51+00:00
This is a fairly defeatist approach to the issue (read that as a statement of fact, not an accusation or argument). The problem with taking this stance, for many people, is that you’re giving a mouse a cookie, except the cookie is marginally more and more control over your life in the form of the ability to control what you see, what communities you’re allowed to engage with, and what you’re allowed to do online.

This battle for online privacy and control is just that, a battle, and you are correct that it is not a fair fight. But engaging and pushing back, through advocacy, speaking out, and acts of noncompliance does three things:

First, it slows the progress of these measures and thus limits the amount of control over our lives we give up, hopefully until some more politically friendly people come to power.

Second, it provides a barometer (via its effectiveness) for assessing the state of that fight, and how dire it is becoming.

Finally, people voicing their concerns about these laws gives information that helps inform more powerful and potentially altruistic advocates with more resources (such as the EFF) in how those resources should be allocated.

Maybe those aren’t good reasons for you, and that’s okay. Lots of people just want to browse twitter and see sports scores and they don’t really care if they have to show ID to do that. For anybody else reading this though, there are lots of reasons why your involvement and engagement in this issue should not stop with “that’s just how the world works”.
by jamessb | 2025-12-12 11:18:33+00:00
> - Skirts credit speculation and arbitrage

> - Provides stable pricing in shorter term while accommodating price changes over longer term

How? If you pre-pay $5, your account is credited by $5, and when you make an API request you get charged at whatever the rate is for the model you called at the time you used it. You aren't buying some virtual currency or locking in a specific price.

> - Excites engagement

More accurately, irritates customers by keeping their money without providing any service in return.
by bwv848 | 2025-12-12 11:18:48+00:00
Yeah thru hikers avoid roads like the plague. Judging by his route he could've walk a lot existing trails. Go southbound on Great Divide Trail and Continental Divide Trail, then somehow cross Mexico and central America into Andes, there you can follow Greater Patagonian Trail all the way to Tierra del Fuego. The European part can just reuse Trans European Alpine Route, then cross Black Sea and take the Transcaucasian Trail, afterwards maybe the work in progress Snow Leopard Track? It's gonna be a lot more difficult but definitely beats highway walking.
by SahAssar | 2025-12-12 11:18:55+00:00
What do you mean? They are shutting down the radio transceivers for 2G/3G, how would an American number/carrier get a signal in countries that have shut down their 2G/3G networks? Or are you talking about plans to do direct-to-cell satellite service, cause none of those are 2G/3G as far as I can tell?

The whole point is to free up spectrum, how would that work if that spectrum is still in use for the American carriers in countries that shut down the service for domestic use? Why would service be maintained for such a niche usecase?
by tigranbs | 2025-12-12 11:19:08+00:00
This reminds me of my personal "prime number" grabber research https://github.com/tigranbs/prime-numbers I needed to create the unique graph nodes and assign prime numbers, and to make things efficient, I thought, why not just download the list of known prime numbers instead of generating them one by one. So I did and compiled everything with a single Go binary. Ehh, good old days with a nice feith in making "the best" crappy software out there.
by salutis | 2025-12-12 11:20:32+00:00
> Coding isn’t creative, it isn’t sexy, [...]

Nonsense. Coding is creative the same way mathematics is.

> Beautiful architecture, perfect tests, elegant abstractions those things feel deeply rewarding to the person who wrote them [...]

Nonsense. Best practices exist to make the code perform well. As a result, every user cares about them, albeit indirectly.

> That’s brutal to hear if you’ve spent years telling yourself that your intellectual passion is inherently admirable or sexy. It’s not.

Nonsense. Intellectual passion is admirable and sexy for many. This is subjective.
by dns_snek | 2025-12-12 11:20:37+00:00
Net neutrality has nothing to do with how content publishers treat visitors, it's about ISPs who try to interfere based on the content of the traffic instead of just providing "dumb pipes" (infrastructure) like they're supposed to.

I can't speak for everyone, but the web should be free and scraping should be allowed insofar that it promotes dissemination of knowledge and data in a sustainable way that benefits our society and generations to come. You're doing the thing where you're trying to pervert the original intent behind those beliefs.

I see this as a clear example of the paradox of tolerance.
by mikkupikku | 2025-12-12 11:21:28+00:00
I get it, but it also doesn't matter. I liked anime when it was drawn by hand because I liked looking at all the things people could draw. But it doesn't matter what I like; virtually all anime is now rendered from 3d computer models, particularly any sort of machinery or whenever the camera rotates or transforms in space showing off the 3d structure of things. That stuff used to be drawn by hand but now nobody does that. It's not coming back.
by rickdeckard | 2025-12-12 11:21:45+00:00
You need to put your statement in context of the thread you're trying to lecture on.

The context is that in mid-2010 the majority of the codecs used on the web were based on a closed licensing system, which is objectively true based on the provided information.

Your statement that Google enabled and enforced the codec prior to HW-decoding support is not wrong because of that, just your overall attitude on dealing with information is.

Reason: There was also no widespread VP8 HW-decoding support in 2011 and 2012 in most devices. Mobile chipsets vendors (Qualcomm, Samsung, TI,...) only added HW-decoding for VP8 from 2012 premium tier chipsets, so VP8 was SW-decoded on many devices in the market well into ~2014.

But in mid-2010 (!!) there was no Browser able to handle VP8 even in Software, and no meaningful embedded device supported the codec either
by aa-jv | 2025-12-12 11:22:07+00:00
I just love the fluent use of terms, and the whole ontology of the subject itself just seems so appealing to me. For a moment, I felt like others feel when listening to me and my colleagues discuss kernel build issues or other software challenges - befuddled, bemused, enchanted.

I guess, if/when I retire to that remote mountain hideaway, I might just get into this hobby. The idea of grinding my own mirrors to look at dew on the spiderwebs of the neighborhood is just so appealing.
by Nursie | 2025-12-12 11:22:23+00:00
Good god no.

The iPhone was out two years ago before the N900.

Nokia was already fucked because it had set up a system in which internal divisions designed competing phones, as a result it had flooded the market with similar but-not-quite-the-same handsets with overlapping features, and it had missed out on usability advances that iOS had made.

Symbian was undergoing an overhaul which would eventually lead it to be ’good’ again, but by then it was too late as Android and iOS were already eating its lunch. And around the time of the N9 launch (touchscreen-only Maemo/meego phone), Stephen Elop took the helm and issued the famous “burning platforms” memo which put Nokia on the path to windows phone exclusivity, purely to the benefit of Microsoft, who delivered the killing blow by first forcing the doomed “Windows Phone” onto them, then buying the mobile phone division so MS could churn out more doomed handsets for their stillborn mobile platform.

tl;dr - The company was a clusterfuck riding on name recognition and then an MS plant killed it.

Linux on the N900 was neither here nor there. It was a skunkwork effectively, a niche device for nerds (and a great one). But it neither sank the company nor could have saved it.
by wiz21c | 2025-12-12 11:22:58+00:00
Gemini took 4 seconds to answer this prompt: "Here is a number 4200020010101. Think deeply about it and tell me if it is not or or not even."

So if you're concerned with privacy issues, you can run the assembly version proposed in the article locally and be well within the same order of performance.

Let's thank the author of the article for providing a decent alternative to Google.

ah, but the license is not that good we can't reproduce his code.
by dspillett | 2025-12-12 11:24:23+00:00
> VNPT and Bunny Communications are home/mobile ISPs. i cannot ascertain for sure that their IPs are from domestic users, but it seems worrisome that these are among the top scraping sources once you remove the most obviously malicious actors.

This will be in part people on home connections tinkering with LLMs at home, blindly running some scraper instead of (or as well as) using the common pre-scraped data-sets and their own data. A chunk of it will be from people who have been compromised (perhaps by installing/updating a browser add-in or “free” VPN client that has become (or always was) nefarious) and their home connection is being farmed out by VPN providers selling “domestic IP” services that people running scrapers are buying.
by hboon | 2025-12-12 11:24:50+00:00
Only some and in recent years. The first few years was just timelog like:

11:11 AM - 12:17 PM QuoteEveryday

1:44 PM - 4:57 PM ContractWork:XXX

1:06 AM - 1:26 AM Blog

2:19 AM - 2:40 AM ContractWork:XXX

then I started the logs and TODOs underneath, which now form the bulk of the files.

In recent years, I have some non-work stuff that I do at my computer; those are logged.

fzf is really useful here!
by aa-jv | 2025-12-12 11:24:59+00:00
I was always kind of dissuaded by the chunky, bar of soap nature of the Nokia devices. (But then again, I had a few OpenPandora to play with as well..)

I had high hopes for the Creative Labs Zii Egg back in those days, it seemed to me to be a better Linux-based phone-like device. What a world it was...
by codedokode | 2025-12-12 11:25:12+00:00
As I understand, if Europe stopped buying Russian natural gas, it would have to buy it at much higher prices elsewhere, which would raise things like electricity cost, logistics cost, which in turn might make voters unhappy and vote out the current government. That's the weakness of EU, it's made of many countries which put their interests first and have a democratic system.

Furthermore, there are suspicious things happening, like appointing former German chancellor for a Gazprom directors board [1]. Was he appointed for his exceptional skills and expertise, or for some other reason?

For comparison, Russia has no such problems; due to centralization and localization of economy, the prices and rouble value are kept under control; due to more authoritarian style of governing, nobody complains when utility bill raises every year, and sometimes twice a year. Russia also had tax increases for couple years straight, and again, nobody complained, unlike Europeans which tend to change the government every time they become unhappy with something. And obviously, West has no means to bribe or corrupt Russian leadership or finance any political movements.

[1] https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-former-chancellor-gerhard-sch...
by jillesvangurp | 2025-12-12 11:25:17+00:00
The political question here isn't why intelligence agencies aren't all over this but why politicians are deciding to not do anything about it.

A bunch of kids were able to figure out which ships were the source of these drones. Good work. I assume/hope this information wasn't new to intelligence agencies.

Relevant questions to ask here:

- were these ships not tracked and monitored 24/7 since they left Russian ports?

- in fact aren't all ships that leave those ports not tracked?

- isn't the journey of ships in the so-called shadow fleet documented in detail so that it is exactly known what's on board and who is buying it?

The answer to this is: of course that is all happening and known.

And the obvious one: why weren't these ships dragged to a port and completely dismantled to the last bolt?

Answer to that: that would be an escalation as these ships are in international waters and protected by maritime law. The obvious counter to that is that military aerial activity launched from foreign ships technically is an escalation in itself that could be considered a direct act of war.

I'm not going to speculate further on this. But it's obviously a highly political topic and not some kind of intelligence failure.
by pentaphobe | 2025-12-12 11:25:58+00:00
Big fan of this trend, well done!

Personally this kind of thing is just always gonna be self hosted or local only, but I see the appeal for folks who don't have that option

Brief off-topic greybeard cloud yell: I hate that we've all adopted the colloquial use of "algorithm".

Although it's interesting to imagine whether software is even possible with "no algorithm" :)
by throw_me_uwu | 2025-12-12 11:26:36+00:00
You don't need conspiracy, you need the incentives.

The state always thinks of self-preservation. Any bureaucrat is aligned to this goal by getting the benefits from the state. So, the more power it has over its citizens, which is the first threat it, the more safe it is and the less opinions of citizens matter.

Understanding this, every citizen must think carefully about giving away more power to the state.
by K0balt | 2025-12-12 11:26:52+00:00
When Karl was preparing to cross the ice from Alaska to Russia, I worked with him a bit on a kite-flown camera system to help him get a Birds Eye view of the flows to chart his course. I engineered a ruggedized wireless camera in an aluminum housing, I don’t remember much about it other than I was doubtful that the resolution would be able to give him the data he needed on on small low resolution screen. (This was before consumer drones were common or affordable). We built some devices, not sure if he ever used them or if they helped. I urged him to do a lot of testing to make sure they would be worth the weight.

We spent a lot of time at college coffee house in Fairbanks Alaska working over the ideas and overall design.

Nice fellow, strange aspirations, indomitable spirit. I’m glad to see his trek is nearing completion, and I wish him well on his further adventures. Good luck and Godspeed, Karl.