MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by 0xCE0 | 2025-12-27 08:29:44+00:00
https://futuretextpublishing.com/ --> books vol 1-5

And what comes to original article, there is no "text [systems]" (or there is, like there are "number [systems]", just made up). "Text" like this very thing you are reading is 2D drawing. There are no character glyphs of any kind (latin, logograms etc.) defined by universe*, they are human invented and stored/interpreted at human collective level. Computers don't know anything about text, only "numbers" of some bit width, and with those numbers a system must be created that can map some number representation to some drawing in some method (e.g. with bitmap). Also there is a lot of difference between formal/executable and natural human languages. Anyways, it's not a about some text format/encoding, it's the human/computer defined/interpreted non-linguistical meaning behind it (Wittgenstein).

* DNA/RNA can be one such "universal character glyph/string", as the "textual" information is physically constructed and interpreted.
by insane_dreamer | 2025-12-27 08:32:10+00:00
> This would never work in a FOSS world because the project will be stuck in endless planning as everyone will have an opinion on how it should be done and nothing will actually get done.

numpy is the the de-facto foundation for data science in python, which is one of the main reasons, if not the main reason, why people use python

it's FOSS

and it "actually got done"
by magicalhippo | 2025-12-27 08:32:22+00:00
> Radiation at ISS: 144 mSv per year

> Radiation on a trip to Mars: ~340 mSv per year

This seems to track with research that during a geomagnetic excursion[1], where the field strength dropped to about 10%, the cosmic radiation seems to have roughly doubled[2].

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_excursion

[2]: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1041098
by viraptor | 2025-12-27 08:32:48+00:00
It's different, but close enough to not matter a lot of the time. As in, some constructs are not allowed but they're extremely rare in practice and have simple workarounds, even if you don't preserve the exact same usage syntax.

So, you extremely rarely can run Ruby code in Crystal. But simple scripts are trivial to annotate. Larger apps won't require huge changes, but you're likely to run into dependencies you also need to port.
by ano-ther | 2025-12-27 08:34:27+00:00
> these appliances emitted a high number of UFPs. The worst offender was a pop-up toaster, which without any bread inside it, gave off around 1.73 trillion UFPs per minute.

If my math is correct, that toaster is shedding about 0.6 mm^3 per minute of its heating coils.
by dwattttt | 2025-12-27 08:34:47+00:00
I agree, but binary is exactly the same. You use a different tool to view it, and maybe you don't have that tool, and that's the problem. But it's a matter of having a way to interpret the data; trivially base64 encoding readable text gives you text, and if you can't decode it, it's as meaningless as binary you can't decode.

It makes more sense to consider readability or comprehensibility of data in an output format; text makes sense for many kinds of data, but given a graph, I'd rather view it as a graph than as a readable text version.

And if you have a way to losslessly transform data between an efficient binary form, readable text, or some kind of image (or other format), that's the best of all.
by f1shy | 2025-12-27 08:34:49+00:00
AFAIK, this is a (dangerous and misleading) simplification.

Punishment absolutely works as deterrent. Boy I know people that would absolutely forge the tax declaration, if it wasn't a terrible fine if they do!

The key point is the probability of the punishment being enforced. There is a trade off calculation going on, like "I could get 5 years prison and 10 grand fine... IF they catch me!". Studies suggest, that if you have 100% probability of being caught, then the punishment is extremely good deterrent.
by globular-toast | 2025-12-27 08:37:51+00:00
It should be taught really, but unfortunately car-centric society means road=car for a lot of people. Cycling is more advanced because road positioning is much more important, plus you have to deal with cars. So it's kinda ridiculous we don't teach it in schools. Apparently they used to back in my parents' day (it was called cycling proficiency).
by sureglymop | 2025-12-27 08:41:45+00:00
I wonder if we would still call it "knowledge work" if no human knowledge/experience is required or in the loop anymore. And also if we will stop looking up to that generally.

Because AI stands at odds with the concept of meritocracy I also wonder if we will stop democratically electing other humans and outsource such tasks as well.

Overall I'm not seeing it. Progress is already slow and so far I personally think what AI can do is a nice party trick but it remains unimpressive if judged rigorously.

It doesn't matter if it can one shot code a game in a few minutes. The reason why a game made by a human is probably still better is because the human spends hours and days of deep focus to research and create it. It is not at all clear that, given as much time, AI could deliver the same results.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-12-27 08:41:55+00:00
Doesn't have to be bacteria. Raw meat can contain any kind of horrifying contamination. Viruses, bacteria, mold, nematodes... there is no limit. It's the perfect substrate for everything.

Living toxins are much worse than nonliving ones because the living toxins can reproduce to dangerous levels even if you consume a tiny dose.

But if for some reason you think they're not dangerous, foods that contain nonliving toxins when unprocessed are also commonly eaten; a major example would be cassava. See also acorns, nardoo, fugu, and the Greenland shark.

Most things prefer not to be eaten; you can't let that stop you.
by darubedarob | 2025-12-27 08:42:52+00:00
Wasn' there a website with formula on how much time things like the GTA bug costed humanity as a whole? Like 5 minutes × users× sessionsperday accumulated?

It cost several human lifetimes if i remember correctly. Still not as bad as windows update which taking the time times wage has set the gdp of a small nation on fire every year..
by fl0id | 2025-12-27 08:45:00+00:00
AFAIK it has enough precedent (also depending a bit on jurisdiction, but you only need one) but the interpretations of what that/the license should cover differ. Like f e if you wanted to argue driver devs would have to open-source their firmware blobs or their proprietary driver loaded by a kernel shim you will have a tough time and prob lose
by opan | 2025-12-27 08:45:36+00:00
It's pretty similar to looking something up with a search engine, mashing together some top results + hallucinating a bit, isn't it? The psychological effects of the chat-like interface + the lower friction of posting in said chat again vs reading 6 tabs and redoing your search, seems to be the big killer feature. The main "new" info is often incorrect info.

If you could get the full page text of every url on the first page of ddg results and dump it into vim/emacs where you can move/search around quickly, that would probably be similarly as good, and without the hallucinations. (I'm guessing someone is gonna compare this to the old Dropbox post, but whatever.)

It has no human counterpart in the same sense that humans still go to the library (or a search engine) when they don't know something, and we don't have the contents of all the books (or articles/websites) stored in our head.
Show HN: Ez FFmpeg – Video editing in plain English
by josharsh | 2025-12-27 08:45:46+00:00
I built a CLI tool that lets you do common video/audio operations without remembering ffmpeg syntax.

Instead of:
ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -vf "fps=15,scale=480:-1:flags=lanczos" -loop 0 output.gif

You write:
ff convert video.mp4 to gif

More examples:
ff compress video.mp4 to 10mb
ff trim video.mp4 from 0:30 to 1:00
ff extract audio from video.mp4
ff resize video.mp4 to 720p
ff speed up video.mp4 by 2x
ff reverse video.mp4

There are similar tools that use LLMs (wtffmpeg, llmpeg, ai-ffmpeg-cli), but they require API keys, cost money, and have latency.

Ez FFmpeg is different:
- No AI – just regex pattern matching
- Instant – no API calls
- Free – no tokens
- Offline – works without internet

It handles ~20 common operations that cover 90% of what developers actually do with ffmpeg. For edge cases, you still need ffmpeg directly.

Interactive mode (just type ff) shows media files in your current folder with typeahead search.

npm install -g ezff
by peterspath | 2025-12-27 08:46:56+00:00
I read 52 books this year:

- Be Useful by Arnold Schwarzenegger

- Discipline Equals Freedom by Jocko Willink

- Extreme Ownership by Jocko Willink

- The Righteous Mind by Jonathan Haidt

- The Coddling of the American Mind by Jonathan Haidt and Greg Lukianoff

- When the Body Says No by Gabor Maté

- Dopamine Nation by Anna Lembke

- The Ruthless Elimination of Hurry by John Mark Comer

- Standing Strong by John MacArthur

- The Screwtape Letters by C.S. Lewis

- We Who Wrestle with God by Jordan B. Peterson

- I Don't Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist by Norman L. Geisler and Frank Turek

- The Holy Bible

- Son of Hamas by Mosab Hassan Yousef

- I Am Giorgia by Giorgia Meloni

- 12 Years a Slave by Solomon Northup

- The Two-Income Trap by Elizabeth Warren

- The Strange Death of Europe by Douglas Murray

- The Madness of Crowds by Douglas Murray

- The War on the West by Douglas Murray

- Porn Generation by Ben Shapiro

- The Authoritarian Moment by Ben Shapiro

- The Book Thief by Markus Zusak

- In Farleigh Field by Rhys Bowen

- Darkest Hour by Anthony McCarten

- Gone Girl by Gillian Flynn

- The Secret of Secrets by Dan Brown

- Casino Royale by Ian Fleming

- Live and Let Die by Ian Fleming

- Moonraker by Ian Fleming

- Diamonds Are Forever by Ian Fleming

- From Russia with Love by Ian Fleming

- Dr No by Ian Fleming

- Goldfinger by Ian Fleming

- For Your Eyes Only by Ian Fleming

- Thunderball by Ian Fleming

- The Spy Who Loved Me by Ian Fleming

- On Her Majesty's Secret Service by Ian Fleming

- You Only Live Twice by Ian Fleming

- The Man with the Golden Gun by Ian Fleming

- Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen

- Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy

- Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky

- The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald

- The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway

- The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas

- Moby-Dick by Herman Melville

- 1984 by George Orwell

- The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

- Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll

- The Time Machine by H.G. Wells

Next year I will read more books of the Russian writers on this list. I enjoyed those books very much.

After seeing this list, what books do you recommend for me?
by general1465 | 2025-12-27 08:48:57+00:00
As somebody who owns an EV, that thing won't catch on (Western or Chinese) unless infrastructure will start being operated by sane people. Currently the "app problem" instead of accepting a debit card on the charger is the biggest pain in the ass followed by unmaintained chargers, because government subsidized building them and not maintaining them. If these two pain points are not fixed, don't expect any kind of boom, more like slow withering out of EVs in western countries because it is constant PITA to use them.
by devsda | 2025-12-27 08:49:34+00:00
Its a fair point but its probably not practical.

I don't think there's enough jobs in prisons that need physical labour where they can cover the costs. You would then have to train them in useful skills but incompetence is not a crime so you cannot penalize those who "cannot learn/do" skilled work.

Other alternative is to make
them work the same job they did outside but that is a slippery slope with lot of potential for abuse.
by pnt12 | 2025-12-27 08:49:41+00:00
But once you have a lock file there is no resolution needed, is there? It lists all needed libs and their versions. Given how toml is written, I imagine you can read it incrementally - once a lib section is parsed, you can download it in parallel, even if you didn't parse the whole file yet.

(not sure how uv does it, just guessing what can be done)
by ffsm8 | 2025-12-27 08:49:58+00:00
There are a lot other identity providers around you can pick from, I merely mentioned it as I personally use it, as it's so easy to run and integrate with social auth - and comes with features such as simple password-less auth.

The forward auth/proxy auth is not a keycloak feature, it's a proxy feature, which just need some identity provider. If you look for the mentioned term via Google or AI/llm you will find multiple options, some of which are as easy to setup as a simple docker run cmd with an open port

I.e. https://docs.goauthentik.io/add-secure-apps/providers/proxy/...
by PaulRobinson | 2025-12-27 08:51:05+00:00
Swift != SwiftUI. You need the latter to run modern iOS apps written in Swift.

It's great that Apple are pushing Swift out there a bit, but honestly if they want the World to catch fire with it, they need to give away the Crown Jewels and get SwiftUI out there as well.

Meanwhile, it's great that QNX is supporting modern languages. I can imagine having a bit of fun with this developer desktop and seeing how modern tooling plays nicely with it.
by leobg | 2025-12-27 08:52:39+00:00
Fet a Sòller. The guy is a German who noticed the same problem in the 90s and figured to use the surplus for making ice cream & marketing it to the Vitamin C starved people in Germany.

Perhaps an artisanal single-origin soda could work? Use the pulp and the oil from the peels to make some form of syrup or concentrate locally. Mix it with water and label it in Hamburg, London, Stockholm.

Can you ask your neighbors if they’ll sell an all you-can-pick pass in Febrary? I know two families who would buy it in an instant. There's an email address in my bio here.

In fact, I think I haven't met a tourist on the island who wasn't interested when I told them that we visited a grove and picked some oranges. Especially those with kids! Someone could set up a website that allows you to buy such a pass that directly routes you to the appropriate grove. You can spread the word about that website by collaborating with small local businesses like car rentals, hotels, Airbnbs, etc.. I’m sure many of them would be delighted to put such a flyer into their welcome kit.
by smj-edison | 2025-12-27 08:53:58+00:00
And it's funny to think about how many different incompatible text standards there were for the first 30ish years of computers. Each vendor had their own encoding, and it took until UTF-8 to even agree on text (let alone the legacy of UTF-16). If it took that long to agree on text, I have a bad feeling it'll take even longer to agree on anything else.

I suppose open standards have slowly been winning with opus and AV1, but there's still so many forms of interactions that have proprietary or custom interfaces. It seems like anything that has a stable standard has to be at least 20 years old, lol.
by pansa2 | 2025-12-27 08:54:19+00:00
Mruby isn’t aimed at embedded systems, it’s “lightweight Ruby” intended to be embedded within a lower-level application. The language it’s most similar to is Lua.

My gut feeling comparing the two is that mRuby is a better (or at least less “quirky”) language, but Lua has a better (more robust) implementation. I don’t know how the two compare in terms of performance or “lightweight-ness”.

Lua definitely seems to be more widely-used, at least outside Japan.
Ask HN: Does my "Narrative Fix" service solve a problem for Technical Founders?
by JGgrowth | 2025-12-27 08:55:20+00:00
Hey HN,
I’m Jennifer Grace. I didn't start as a designer.

For years, I obsessively analyzed thousands of deals just out of pure curiosity. I wanted to know exactly what lands a check and what gets a startup rejected.

But I got frustrated. I kept seeing incredible, world-changing products get rejected by VCs, while worse products got funded. I wondered why.
Then I found the pattern. The engineers were building great products, but the funded founders were building great narratives.
So, one day I stopped analyzing deals and started building them. That’s how I became a Narrative Designer.

Now, I want to validate if my new strategy actually resonates with you guys (the builders).

The Strategy:
Big boutique agencies typically charge $10k - $15k for this level of narrative work (which is why most bootstrapped founders can't afford them).
My standard rate is usually $3,000 to keep it accessible. But for Q1, I’m running a 'Mission 2026' campaign.

I slashed the price to $799 (flat) and opened limited slots specifically to build high-end Case Studies before the new year. The goal is to get 'Sequoia Standard' decks into the hands of 25 founders to start a momentum wave.

My Questions for you:
The Value: As a technical founder, is 'narrative design' something you actually value, or do you prefer to write the pitch yourself?
The Offer: Does the 'Mission 2026' limited-slot angle feel exciting to you, or does it just feel like a marketing tactic?

You can see the full offer structure here for context: https://jggrowth.tiiny.site

I’m trying to solve a real pain point, so honest feedback is appreciated. Thanks!
by threethirtytwo | 2025-12-27 08:55:30+00:00
It doesn’t. I don’t know how something so simple can’t be understood. Does capitalization matter in math or algebra or logic? No. It doesn’t. Why? Because capitalization is a concept exclusive to language, and not just any language, but an arbitrary family of languages similar to English. The concept for example does not exist in Chinese.

But you know this. Are you trolling?
by damethos | 2025-12-27 08:57:15+00:00
- How big things get done

- The Tyranny of Merit: What's Become of the Common Good?

- The Pragmatic Programmer: From Journeyman to Mastery, 20th Anniversary Edition

- The Secrets of Consulting: A Guide to Giving and Getting Advice Successfully

- Rework

Added them on my blog as well with a small review on each in case anyone is interested: https://www.alexanderlolis.com/my-2025-reads
by romanhn | 2025-12-27 08:58:33+00:00
My interpretation of "Postgres for everything", which I totally agree with, is that it is a sane initial default for just about anything. It is a well-understood stack that most people have had some exposure to, and that can handle quite a wide variety of problems. New/specialized tech will have all sorts of sharp edges, it will absolutely introduce complexity, and bring about headaches you didn't expect. And frankly, in lots of cases it's premature optimization. With all that said, if the use case has proven itself out and Postgres is truly starting to struggle - by all means, good time to explore alternatives. There are no silver bullets in this business.
by codingdave | 2025-12-27 08:59:34+00:00
Not a mobile issue. I am on desktop and had no idea what this service was because nothing on the initial UI explained what we were looking at. I went and double-checked when people here were talking about pricing and VMs. From the home page, I figured it was some text-based game or experiment and closed the page.

It looks like some people who work there are watching this thread, so to them I say: You have got to explain what this is, not just say "the disk persists..." and expect people to dig deeper. Most aren't that curious.
by makeitdouble | 2025-12-27 09:00:22+00:00
I came back here after the video (btw he speak very deliberately, watching it at 1.5 or 2x while digesting the message is fine)

I'd compare it's message to a "warning !" sign. It's there to make you stop and think about our computing space, after that it's up to you to act or not on how you perceive it.

That's totally wishy-washy, so it might not resonate, but after that I went to check more of what dynamicland is doing and sure enough they're doing things that are completely outside of the usual paradigm.

A more recent video explaining the concept in a more practical and down to earth framing: https://youtu.be/PixPSNRDNMU

(here again, reading the transcript won't nearly convey the point. Highly recommend watching it, even sped up if needed)
by zvr | 2025-12-27 09:00:35+00:00
All types of SBOMs can be described in the same standardized format. SPDX 3.0 has a specific property and a set of values this one can take: https://spdx.github.io/spdx-spec/v3.0.1/model/Software/Vocab...

The digital signing of SBOM artifacts, so that one can verify authorship and authenticity, is something external to the SBOM data, on top of them.

If you are asking about a standardized way to check these, across all computing environments, I think this is a tall order. There are obviously environments currently where this check is present, and there are environments where this is rigorously enforced: software will not load and execute unless it's signed by a specific key and the signature is valid. But the environments are so diverse, I doubt a single verification process is possible.
by tsimionescu | 2025-12-27 09:00:43+00:00
No, you do not need to, and will not generally be able to, describe everything that a graph conveys in text. Graphs can give you an intuitive understanding of the data that text would not be able to, simply by virtue of using other parts of the brain and requiring less short term memory. If a graph can be replaced with 5 pages of text, that doesn't mean that you get the same information from both - you're likely much more able to keep one image in your short term memory than 5 pages of text.
by adrian_b | 2025-12-27 09:01:23+00:00
Yes, the term "quantum computer" is rather misleading for most people, who do not know what a "quantum computer" is.

Quantum computers are not general-purpose computers, but special-purpose computers, which are able to outperform traditional computers (with a much greater cost) only for the solution of a small set of problems, most of which have little relevance in the applications where computers are currently used by the majority of people.

A quantum computer would be completely useless for reading and editing documents, computing spreadsheets, managing a database, browsing Internet, watching movies or playing games.

Thus it is very unlikely that anyone would ever desire to have a "personal" quantum computer (otherwise than for a learning experience), even if that would become possible with respect to cost. The same is true for most businesses, which are unlikely to have any needs satisfiable by quantum computers.

Quantum computers will never be competitors for traditional computers, but they could allow a few new applications, for which traditional computers are not good enough. One such promising application is the simulation of quantum systems in a manner similar to how analog computers had been used until 3 quarters of a century ago for the simulation of dynamical systems.