MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by firefax | 2025-12-20 13:00:43+00:00
>I can't help but suspect that sometimes it may be related to graduate school itself, which can be stressful and unforgiving, with minimal support, and where supervisors often hold both academic power over their students' futures and financial power over their livelihoods.

I dropped out of a PhD -- took the master's I earned for coursework, did my quals so it would be clear I chose to leave, then took an "academic-ish" job that paid very poorly. I'd hoped to do that a bit then get hired by a big tech company, but I found out that you have less free time in a job than grad school, and my tech skills began to erode, further sending me down a path I did not want.

What caused me immense, IMMENSE distress is that I felt, for lack of a better term "involuntarily destitute" -- my adviser in grad school had told me that she'd ONLY give me a positive reference for "research" jobs, and that trying to leave for industry was evidence I had lied my way into the program, and thus she could not give me a positive reference for any roles without a research component.

I feel that she purposefully tried to "trap" me with her -- she was having trouble recruiting new students as word of her behaviors and convictions spread (she'd racked up a DUI during the liminal period between my acceptance and starting school, among other gems).

I currently work in a job that has nothing to do with my field -- I had many, many years of strife because when I was fresh out of college, I looked around my hometown and found I couldn't even get a helpdesk job because my skillset was that of an open source nerd, and they wanted people who could answer questions about the UI of Windows like "How do I enable this printer" that, having not used it for years, I couldn't answer off the top of my head -- and it's not sustainable to "just Google it" on calls over and over, people will get frustrated with the wait times.

(That was the way people generally broke into infosec back then -- get a help desk job at a bank, hospital or university, study during downtime, maybe do some certs or try to do an interesting project to present at a conference, move up to sysadmin, and eventually security analyst/engineer)

I thought I'd found a third way -- I could do this PhD, and at worst leave with a master's, and sidestep the tedium of the help desk and the uncertainty of if I'd move up. (I knew people who got worked many hours, struggled to study up, and got trapped).

Anyways, academia can be incredibly abusive and downright medieval. That's not an excuse for violence, but it is an explanation.
by nickcw | 2025-12-20 13:01:42+00:00
I wonder if the compiler really needs to allocate 1 byte so you can get the address of the struct {}

In the general case then yes, but here you can't take addresses of dictionary values (the compiler won't let you) so adding 1 byte to make a unique pointer for the struct {} shouldn't be necessary.

Unless it is used in the implementation of the map I suppose.

So I conjecture a bit of internal magic could fix this.
by coldtea | 2025-12-20 13:01:46+00:00
>doesn't the free-form nature of the "body" part of these configuration files lead to an inevitably unverifiable process?

The non-deterministic statistical nature of LLMs means it's inherently an "inevitably unverifiable process" to begin with, even if you pass it some type-checked, linted, skills file or prompt format.

Besides, YAML or JSON or XML or free-form text, for the LLM it's just tokens.

At best you could parse the more structured docs with external tools more easily, but that's about it, not much difference when it comes to their LLM consumption.
by codethief | 2025-12-20 13:02:02+00:00
Exactly, I came here to say this!

> This two-factor system is generally secure. The space of all 6-character alphanumeric confirmation codes combined with all possible last names is astronomically large, making it impossible to “guess” a valid pair.

Depending on the threat model, the attacker's goal might not be to guess a single pair but to access any valid pair (of a booking with a flight date in the future, or maybe even in the past). Suddenly you're looking at thousands of valid booking codes and the attacker can try a couple dozen of common names. Brute-forcing valid pairs then becomes relatively easy.
by somat | 2025-12-20 13:02:52+00:00
but contrails are not made of soot, where I define soot as dark unburned carbon, contrails actual are made of water. There is also a highly likely chance I am being to literal and the word choice of soot was a bit of poetic license on the part of the author.

As a bonus consideration it might be better if they were made of soot, it would be ugly but water vapor is a tremendous greenhouse gas, several times as potent as CO2, soot blocking the sun might have more of a neutral effect, And related, we worked hard to get sulfur out of our fuels but sulfur dioxide turns out to be a negative greenhouse gas, it has a net cooling effect, I am not saying we should deliberately add sulfur back in, the downsides are too great, but it is an interesting bit of irony.
by MangoToupe | 2025-12-20 13:03:02+00:00
> want to annex a European territory

Greenland is not in europe. It may be a danish colony but that doesn't make it "european territory" any more than french guiana is. EU territory? Sure. But europe is a penninsula on the western flank of eurasia.

Edit: huh I had no idea how complicated the classification of eu territories is: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_territories_of_members...
by intellush-bot | 2025-12-20 13:04:24+00:00
Don't have time to watch the video? Below is a summary by intellush.com

Tristan Harris, former Google design ethicist and co-founder of the Center for Humane Technology, cautions that the unchecked race to develop artificial general intelligence (AGI) could lead to global catastrophe by 2027. He highlights how AI systems, trained on vast human knowledge including code, law, and language, pose existential risks by hacking critical infrastructure, manipulating behavior, and displacing jobs on an unprecedented scale. Tech giants like ...

Read the full summary at https://s.intellush.com/v/BFU1OCkhBwo
by Amezarak | 2025-12-20 13:04:32+00:00
I see.

Well, foreign intervention and propaganda in democracies is nothing new. It is well documented all the way back to the time of ancient Greece.

So your contention is that in Germany and perhaps other countries (France?) some of the most popular political parties are popular only because their partisans are uneducated dupes or worse, in thrall to foreign powers. Perhaps you would be better off ideologically not supporting democracy - it sounds like it is not for you. Of course democracy has its problems - and people voting for dumb ideas is one of them!

You can either accept that it's your duty to convince your citizens you are right to win their votes, or you can insist that everyone else is wrong and democracy means they should shut up and vote only the "right" way in accordance with establishment approved opinions and go about what Europe has been doing, which is to continue to pursue unpopular policies and blame Russiia/nazis/America/the Internet/free speech for their problems.

European center and left parties could suck all the oxygen out of the room and starve the far-right overnight if they simply introduced and enforced major immigration restrictions - but it's precisely this which is not a Establishment Approved Idea and deemed Unthinkable Hate. Democracy, as long as your opinions are allowed.
by i80and | 2025-12-20 13:05:03+00:00
I feel really sad about this -- I was amazed as a child to learn that I was allowed to just... GO IN to buildings and lectures as long as I was quiet and respectful. I always took pride in my university's openness.

Then I took my boyfriend for a tour a couple years ago and found all the buildings had signs warning that access was only permitted with a University ID card. Nobody challenged us or kicked us out, but it was a sour demoralizing shock.
by Lapel2742 | 2025-12-20 13:05:16+00:00
> It was supposed to be something akin to United States of Europe

No, it never was.

> but instead in devolved into a bureaucracy

No it hasn't:

"There are two striking aspects of this rejection of EU bureaucracy. First, in comparison with other, comparable entities, such as the US federal bureaucracy, the EU’s administrative apparatus has a marginal size. Specifically, the EU, which is responsible for more than 440 million citizens, employs only around 60,000 people, while the US federal bureaucracy has more than two million employees that govern a territory with about 330 million inhabitants. Accordingly, the EU bureaucracy is comparatively small and far from being the “bureaucratic monster” which it is frequently portrayed as."

https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2023/09/04/why-do-so-many...

> that regulates the shit out if everything,

I'm thankful for that. That is why our food is way better and way healthier than the shit the US makes it's citizens eat.

> is incredibly socialist and the EC thinks it is above everyone else.

LOL. No it's not "socialist" and the European Commission is the executive branch of the European Union. If you really think the Commission behaves as if they are above everything else (they do not!), I pull an American president.
by tacker2000 | 2025-12-20 13:05:17+00:00
Once EVs are good enough i am sure they will reach mass adoption. Lets let the market decide.

Im certainly no fossil fuel “muggle” that is beholden to this industry and wants to destroy the planet for “our” children, whatever this personal attack and scaremongering even means.

But this is just the level at which you EV evangelists discuss. Sitting on their high horse and using FUD and ad hominems, not being able to have a factual discussion.

If you think that EVs will solve all our climate issues then im sorry to disappoint you but this is not going to happen.
by formerly_proven | 2025-12-20 13:05:47+00:00
SSDs have three block/page sizes:

- The access block size (LBA size). Either 512 bytes or 4096 bytes modulo DIF. Purely a logical abstraction.

- The programming page size. Something in the 4K-64K range. This is the granularity at which an erased block may be programmed with new data.

- The erase block size. Something in the 1-128 MiB range. This is the granularity at which data is erased from the flash chips.

SSDs always use some kind of journaled mapping to cope with the actual block size being roughly five orders of magnitude larger than the write API suggests. The FTL probably looks something like an LSM with some constant background compaction going on. If your writes are larger chunks, and your reads match those chunks, you would expect the FTL to perform better, because it can allocate writes contiguously and reads within the data structure have good locality as well. You can also expect for drives to further optimize sequential operations, just like the OS does.

(N.b. things are likely more complex, because controllers will likely stripe data with the FEC across NAND planes and chips for reliability, so the actual logical write size from the controller is probably not a single NAND page)
by MangoToupe | 2025-12-20 13:06:35+00:00
It can be both. The document is massive, very contradictory and incoherent, and most of the people hysterical over it haven't even read it. Look I'm no fan of the trump administration but people should have concrete concerns, not waving around "project 2025" like some symbol of the country's imminent collapse. Unfortunately, our country is nowhere near collapse and this administration is not going to be the thing to bring it down. Though they're trying their hardest, i will admit.
by pjmlp | 2025-12-20 13:06:51+00:00
Those are certainly above 6 grade, because I am aware of few schools, whose desktop computers, with luck get to a have a visit from some local computer store, on demand after lots back and forth with the regional ministerium office regarding how it gets paid.

None of them has hardly an IT guy, or girl on site, and as usual "em casa de ferreiro espeto de pau", acquaitances have been invited to have a look at their computers.
by heisenbit | 2025-12-20 13:07:38+00:00
You don‘t need fraudsters just a run of the mill bully is enough. I remember a phase in my life where I had to do some high visibility reporting. I showed all underlying facts, methodology and conclusions and every week the bully tore into a minor detail devaluing my work and distracting from vital tasks. Only when I started shielding data and my reasoning as private and just delivering high level summary results I was able to put an end to it.
by breppp | 2025-12-20 13:08:11+00:00
The USS Liberty is a single incident in 70 years which is a case of mistaken identification, only in Iraq there are at least 600 Iran associated deaths of US troops (https://www.militarytimes.com/news/your-military/2019/04/04/...) and that's probably an underestimation

About Saudi Arabia, the 9/11 hijackers might have been partially Saudi, but not backed by their government. Even if Iran only killed a thousand US troops and not thousands (marine barracks bombing, iraq war and others) that's two orders of magnitude more than Israel or Saudi Arabia, and there's a good reason, these are intentional attacks against US armed forces.

> sanctions? We're actively destroying their ability to live life for seeming no reason other than arbitrary geopolitical control.

The reasons for the sanctions is Iran's insistence on kidnapping diplomats, supporting terrorism and proliferating weapons. If you believe they are people like you and me and have agency, they are also responsible over the course of 40 years of choosing actions that led to them being completely isolated
by shrubby | 2025-12-20 13:08:21+00:00
Okay, this sounds awesome. Co-op is sounding good to me.

I'm not too familiar with the communist theory, but I have come to the conclusion that the system doesn't matter nearly as much as the direction.

Waterfall communism or capitalism will corrupt the ones on top. And the grassroots up one will keep absolute power and the human narcissist tendencies at check.
by Frost1x | 2025-12-20 13:08:23+00:00
In my opinion it’s to some degree an artifact of immature and/or rapidly changing technology. Basically not many know what the best approach is, all the use cases aren’t well understood, and things are changing so rapidly they’re basically just creating interfaces around everything so you can change flow in and out of LLMs any way you may desire.

Some paths are emerging popular, but in a lot of cases we’re still not sure even these are the long term paths that will remain. It doesn’t help that there’s not a good taxonomy (that I’m aware of) to define and organize the different approaches out there. “Agent” for example is a highly overloaded term that means a lot of things and even in this space, agents mean different things to different groups.
by andsoitis | 2025-12-20 13:09:00+00:00
> Greenland is not in europe. It may be a danish colony but that doesn't make it "european territory" any more than french guiana is. EU territory? Sure. But europe is a penninsula on the western flank of eurasia.

You are right that Greenland is not in Europe (it sits on the Nort American tectonic plate).

It is also not an EU territory, however, it is linked to Europea through Denmark. European influence exists through governance, education, and trade.

Most Greenlanders identify primarily as Kalaallit (Inuit) and Greenlandic, not European.
by saubeidl | 2025-12-20 13:10:06+00:00
What socialism? What are you talking about?

The EU parliament has a conservative majority [0], as does the Council. [1]

It's a right-wing organization. I wish there was socialism, mate.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenth_European_Parliament#Curr...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union#...
by saubeidl | 2025-12-20 13:11:20+00:00
> So your contention is that in Germany and perhaps other countries (France?) some of the most popular political parties are popular only because their partisans are uneducated dupes or worse, in thrall to foreign powers. Perhaps you would be better off ideologically not supporting democracy - it sounds like it is not for you. Of course democracy has its problems - and people voting for dumb ideas is one of them!

I don't! I think authoritarian leftism is the way to go as most people are too stupid for their own good tbh.
by jasonvorhe | 2025-12-20 13:11:32+00:00
"if you know what you're doing"

lol my team has worked with every major cloud provider for a decade, but sure it's all our fault because incompetence.

good luck man.

edit: I never even implied that AWS lock-in something positive. I'm getting paid to move companies from cloud to on-prem because that's true sovereignty.
by johny115 | 2025-12-20 13:12:28+00:00
you should try figuring out all Google products where you can generate images and videos, even attempt to learn how they work, how does billing work, where it uses credits from or API costs charged to where, what are the differences between all the weirdly named products (AI Studio, Vertex, Whisk, ImageFX, Veo Studio, Flow, etc.) with seemingly overlaping purposes

the product description of Whisk at https://labs.google/fx/ for example is "Whisk - Create some magic" ... wow, so obvious what it does

lot of fun ... especially considering this would be meant usually for non-engineer user

Google is bonkers for this ... takes an engineering degree to generate 4K Nano Banana Image outside of Gemini or even to begin understanding why VEO videos look different from each of their different products and why

the 3rd party platforms that use their API are 10x easier, put in credit card, choose model and settings, prompt and hit enter
by jpster | 2025-12-20 13:13:01+00:00
From the ICJ doc you linked: > In the Court’s view, at least some of the acts and omissions alleged by South Africa to have been committed by Israel in Gaza appear to be capable of falling within the provisions of the Convention.

The doc establishes that “capable of falling within the provisions of the Convention” means “acts or measures which would be capable of killing or continuing to kill Palestinians, or causing or continuing to cause serious bodily or mental harm to Palestinians or deliberately inflicting on their group, or continuing to inflict on their group, conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part”. This is the definition of genocide.

So the court statement again but with a helpful substitution by me:

> In the Court’s view, at least some of the acts and omissions alleged by South Africa to have been committed by Israel in Gaza appear to be [genocide].

So the LLM is correct the ICJ has not yet issued its final ruling and also the author is correct to say the ICJ has called it genocide. And in my view you are incorrect to imply the author can’t be trusted.
by harddrivereque | 2025-12-20 13:13:36+00:00
It is easy to suggest to fly less but it is going to be impossible to convince society where core values include agressive "extra" consumption, which in turn is the backbone of the world's current economy. Flying is one of top "extra" consumption types out there. I know many people are trying to convince people of that, but the society is moving in the opposite direction - bigger cars (both us and eu), more travel. Maybe arguments used currently are not convincing enough? I mean, sure, keep trying and you will obviously reach a certain 0.00x% of the population, but that's not really going to make any difference
by killerstorm | 2025-12-20 13:13:52+00:00
It is not a decoration. Karpathy juxtaposes ChatGPT (which feels like a "better google" to most people) to Claude Code, which, apparently, feels different to him. It's a comparison between the two.

You might find this statement non-informative, but without two parts there's no comparison. That's really the semantics of the statement which Karpathy is trying to express.

ChatGPT-ish "it's not just" is annoying because the first part is usually a strawman, something reader considers trite. But it's not the case here.
by meltyness | 2025-12-20 13:15:27+00:00
Yeah, we're opining on a segment that I opined is excessively opinionated (i.e., opinions are confidently stated so as to be represented as facts, "half of teachers are using LLMs") but when you look, the "study" is just a bunch of opinion polls. So yeah it is, in the literal sense, the professor's opinion being represented as facts, thank you have a nice day.
by concinds | 2025-12-20 13:16:25+00:00
The Safari/WebKit people are doing good work, yes.

I use Safari as my default, and like every Firefox/Safari user I still get some bugs that don't occur in Chrome (not talking about WebMIDI obviously), so watching that 30 point gap between stable Safari and bleeding-edge WebKit (longer than 7½ weeks) on wpt.fyi was quite frustrating. The average Safari user would have a better browsing experience with a shorter fix delay, that's just the truth. Having to wait for macOS updates holds back the browser, unnecessarily.
by ulfw | 2025-12-20 13:16:29+00:00
We can see the same with everything in the US.

Huawei became very competitive to Apple. Outsold Apple in it's home market. Huawei got banned.

DJI has a near monopoly on drones. No US company could compete and players like GoPro shut down their consumer drone projects. DJI got/is about to get banned.

Tiktok was dangerous to Meta. TikTok got almost banned/forced-sold.

Chinese EVs are better than almost any US offering. Chinese EVs got banned (by 100%+ tarrifs on them).

Sale of AI and Chips to China got banned. No ChatGPT or Claude offered to us here in Hong Kong.

This is all the US Tech sector can do now. Short term this will go very well but long term this leads to the US falling behind and behind because American companies have artificially created barriers where they aren't forced to comepete anymore, meanwhile the world moves on and has a competitive environment. Innovation will move faster Ex-USA

I fly a DJI Mini 5 Pro, use a Huawei Freeclip 2 earphone, a Huawei GT6 watch, a Xiaomi Silicon Carbon powerbank, an Oppo Find N5 foldable. Most are better/unique compared to what you can even get in America. And that's only the beginning. That's only 2025.
by coldtea | 2025-12-20 13:16:35+00:00
This can be read as if IBM did this unknowingly and only before WW2.

But IBM knew what they were assisting with, and even pre-WW2 was already assisting the Nazi regime of 1933-1939. And they didn't stop come WW2, if anything IBM opened new subsidiaries and continued throughout the second world war.

"(...) IBM leased, rather than sold, its machines. The company retained control of punch-card supply and provided service through subsidiaries. Each set of cards was custom-designed to Nazi requirements. He later wrote that the IBM headquarters in New York oversaw these arrangements through subsidiaries across Europe"

"(...) IBM New York created a subsidiary in Poland, Watson Business Machines, after the 1939 invasion. The firm managed railway traffic in the General Government and ran a punch-card printing shop near the Warsaw Ghetto. He stated that this subsidiary reported through Geneva to IBM New York, and revenues were transferred accordingly."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_and_the_Holocaust
by andsoitis | 2025-12-20 13:17:11+00:00
> The US literally wrote a national security strategy describing that it wants to dismantle the EU.

The official 2025 NSS document does not explicitly state a US goal to dismantle the European Union.

The strategy is highly critical of the EU's direction and Europe's trajectory in ways that critics could say could indirectly undermine EU cohesion, but there's no formal language saying the US wants to dismantle the EU.

Critics interpret the tone and strategic shift as potentially indirectly weakening EU cohesion if taken as encouragement to nationalist or Eurosceptic political forces.