MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by mschuster91 | 2025-12-20 18:44:45+00:00
> If error level messages are not such a sign, I can assure you that most system administrators will soon come to ignore all messages from your program rather than try to sort out the mess, and any actual errors will be lost in the noise and never be noticed in advance of actual problems becoming obvious.

Bold of you to assume that there are system administrators. All too often these days it's "devops" aka some devs you taught how to write k8s yamls.
by Too | 2025-12-20 18:44:47+00:00
This is why it’s almost always wrong for library functions to log anything, even on ”errors”. Pass the status up through return values or exceptions. As a library author you have no clue as how an application might use it. Multi threading, retry loops and expected failures will turn what’s a significant event in one context into what’s not even worthy of a debug log in another. No rule without exceptions of course, one valid case could be for example truly slow operations where progress reports are expected. Modern tracing telemetry with sampling can be another solution for the paranoid.
by bee_rider | 2025-12-20 18:44:52+00:00
This is an aside, but has anyone tried NVDIMMs as the disk, behind in-package HBM for ram? No idea if it would be any good, just kind of a funny thought. It’s like everything shifted one slot closer to the cores, haha, nonvolatile memory where the RAM use to live, memory pretty close to the core.
by markeroon | 2025-12-20 18:45:02+00:00
Enough with the pedantry please:

"Driving under the influence of cannabis was associated with a significantly increased risk of motor vehicle collisions compared with unimpaired driving (odds ratio 1.92 (95% confidence interval 1.35 to 2.73); P=0.0003); we noted heterogeneity among the individual study effects (I2=81)".

From https://www.bmj.com/content/344/bmj.e536
by kachapopopow | 2025-12-20 18:45:09+00:00
I hate that this is starting to sound like a bot Q&A, but the primary advantages is that it provides secure remote configuration and it's that it's platform agnostic, multi-node orchestration, built in load balancing and services framework, way more networking control than docker, better security, self healing and the list goes on, you have to read more about it to really understand the advantages over docker.
by alwillis | 2025-12-20 18:45:46+00:00
> How can you defend Safari rendering broken sites for long periods due to lack of frequent updates as a good thing?

That hasn't been true for a few years now.

Even now, when a site breaks in Safari, more often than not, it's because that particular site is using a Chrome-only feature that hasn't shipped in Safari or Firefox yet. These developers need to be reminded that progressive enhancement is a thing.

There are web developers who only test their sites on Chrome, which makes no sense, given mobile Safari has around 50% marketshare in the US [1] and about 21% globally [2].

> Just like Safari not having webgpu was touted as a feature and now that it has support, webgpu suddenly turned into a feature.

I must have missed this one, but anyone paying attention would have noticed WebGPU had been available in Safari (behind a flag) long before it became official; it was always on track to becoming a real feature.

[1]: https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/mobile/unite...

[2]: https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/mobile/world...
by echelon | 2025-12-20 18:46:20+00:00
You need a tuple: (context, level)

The application owner should be able to adjust the contexts up or down. This is the point of ownership and where responsibility over which logs matter is handled.

A library author might have ideas and provide useful suggestions, but it's ultimately the application owner who decides. Some libraries have huge blast radius and their `error` might be your `error` too. In other contexts, it could just be a warning. Library authors should make a reasonable guess about who their customer is and try to provide semantic, granular, and controllable failure behavior.

As an example, Rust's logging ecosystem provides nice facilities for fine-grained tamping down of errors by crate (library) or module name. Other languages and logging libraries let you do this as well.

That capability just isn't adopted everywhere.
by mystifyingpoi | 2025-12-20 18:46:32+00:00
No path for busy people, unfortunately. Learn everything from ground up, from containers to Compose to k3s, maybe to kubeadm or hosted. Huge abstraction layers coming from Kubernetes serve their purpose well, but can screw you up when anything goes slightly wrong on the upper layer.

For start, ignore operators, ignore custom CSI/CNI, ignore IAM/RBAC. Once you feel good in the basics, you can expand.
by squigz | 2025-12-20 18:47:01+00:00
> it would imply a massive epidemic of THC overuse.

Not really, due to THC content in the body not being a reliable indicator of impairment or even time since use.

If BAC were more like THC levels, I suspect the data would show 40% or more of the population has consumed alcohol - or, in your words, is drunk "at any given moment"
by __turbobrew__ | 2025-12-20 18:47:20+00:00
Agreed, I don’t get the OPs delineation between local and non-local error sources. If your code has a job to do it doesn’t matter if the error was local or non-local, the operator needs to know that the code is not doing its job. In the case of something like you cannot backup files to a remote you can try to contact the humans who own the remote or come up with an alternative backup mechanism.
by dynamicwebpaige | 2025-12-20 18:47:23+00:00
Introducing Space Math Academy!

Reimagined NASA’s Space Math curriculum (https://spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov/) as an immersive game, instead of static PDFs. Students solve the same problems real scientists face daily -- calculating orbits and trajectories, dealing with space weather, etc. -- in an interactive way that goes beyond worksheets (or just sending PDFs to an LLM).

https://space-math.academy https://www.github.com/dynamicwebpaige/space-math

Powered by Gemini for storytelling and text-to-speech (TTS). Links to the GitHub repo and live link that you can play above, thanks to Google Cloud Run. Please file feature requests, if there's enough interest will add more missions and a leaderboard.
Show HN: An open-source Chinese ePub reader iOS app with pop-up dictionary
by olivezh | 2025-12-20 18:47:25+00:00
Hi HN!

I originally built this app for myself because, as an intermediate Chinese learner, I wanted a clean EPUB reader with fast, offline pop-up dictionary support.

As a small thank-you to the Chinese learning community, I decided to make it a free and open-source iOS app.

Main features: - Import your own EPUBs

- Long-press any Chinese text to get an inline dictionary definition

- Option to copy the word, sentence, or paragraph, or send text to Pleco / ChatGPT (if installed)

- Everything works fully offline and the app collects no data

I’m mainly trying to figure out whether this kind of pop-up dictionary EPUB reading workflow is actually useful for people who read Chinese regularly, so any honest feedback (good or bad) would be super helpful!

App Store: https://apps.apple.com/ca/app/wen-reader/id6755988730

GitHub: https://github.com/oliverzh2000/wen-reader

Happy to answer questions or dive into implementation details.
by craigds | 2025-12-20 18:48:08+00:00
this reminds me of one of my favourite features of Buildkite. When you're waiting on the outcome of a build you can click a button in Canvas mode and it'll play a tune to accompany the build. As soon as the build is done, the music stops.

is really well thought out - means I can turn the volume up and go do the dishes in the next room and be notified when I should return. Much more useful than a browser notification
by tasty_freeze | 2025-12-20 18:48:12+00:00
I don't think it is that simple. I would wager $$$ that dead drivers tend to skew younger, mostly young men who think they are great drivers, drive way too fast, pass with little margin, etc. Young people probably skew higher for THC use as well.

Having said that, I think that effect explains only part of the 40%, but can't explain all of it.
by elcapitan | 2025-12-20 18:48:17+00:00
For me as a casual 3d-modeler, my favorite thing about OpenSCAD is that I don't have to learn a new application the size of Photoshop with everything hidden 7 levels deep in some menu that is probably intuitive for some people who learned CAD in the 80s.

Instead it's basically like graphics programming, with a couple of basic primitives, some linear transformations and a bit of set theory. When I do a model a month and get back to previous work, I read a few lines of code and know exactly how I achieved the result.
by kjkjadksj | 2025-12-20 18:48:21+00:00
What gives me pause with that take is that it only really applies to certain geographical regions of the country. I grew up in a place where today you can still get a starter home for about 100k. The nicest homes, akin to the Home Alone house, on the market are around 500k or less. You don’t need a glamorous job to be a homeowner here, to own a couple cars on the comparatively cheap insurance rates, to send your kid to the very competent in state university. It is still the same break it has always had since the region is stagnant in population. Ironically the lack of growth actually helps the people when you consider the affordability it offers. However the mass media is blind to this region, you won’t hear about it save for browbeating over 1950s population counts, missing the point entirely of what that really means in practice for the people who live there.

K shaped economy doesn’t just refer to class, but of geography. There is a hidden line out of the middle of that K going dead straight.
by kachapopopow | 2025-12-20 18:48:34+00:00
k3sup a cluster, ask an AI on how to serve an nginx static site using trafeik on it and explain every step of it and what it does (it should provide: a config map, a deployment, a service and an ingress)

k3s provides: csi, cni (cluster storage interface, cluster network interface) which is flannel and and local-pv which just maps volumes to disk (pvcs)

trafeik is what routes your traffic from the outside to inside your cluster (to an ingress resource)
by alemanek | 2025-12-20 18:48:37+00:00
As someone who has set this up while not being a DBA or sysadmin.

Replication and backups really aren’t that difficult to setup properly with something like Postgres. You can also expose metrics around this to setup alerting if replication lag goes beyond a threshold you set or a backup didn’t complete. You do need to periodically test your backups but that is also good practice.

I am not saying something like RDS doesn’t have value but you are paying a huge premium for it. Once you get to more steady state owning your database totally makes sense. A cluster of $10-20 VPSes with NVMe drives can get really good performance and will take you a lot farther than you might expect.
by mystifyingpoi | 2025-12-20 18:49:32+00:00
> I didn't know RDS had PgBouncer under the hood

I don't think it does. AWS has this feature under RDS Proxy, but it's an extra service and comes with extra cost (and a bit cumbersome to use in my opinion, it should have been designed as a checkbox, not an entire separate thing to maintain).

Although, it technically has "load balancer", in form of a DNS entry that resolves to a random reader replica, if I recall correctly.
by Neywiny | 2025-12-20 18:50:36+00:00
I recommend getting started like the author did: simulation first, then FPGA. Honestly FPGA will take you very far. I always get a kick out of being able to design my own SoC. "Hmmm I need 9 separate I2C ports... Ok, copy block, paste paste paste..." Or if you have an operation in software that's taking forever you can write an accelerator for it
by cauliflower2718 | 2025-12-20 18:50:39+00:00
Regarding medical information: medical professionals in the US, including your doctor, use uptodate.com, which is basically a medical encyclopedia that is regularly updated by experts in their field. While it's very expensive to get a year long subscription, a week long subscription (for non medical professionals) is only around $20 and you can look up anything you want.
by koverstreet | 2025-12-20 18:51:01+00:00
For on disk data structures, yes.

LSM-trees do really badly at multithreaded update workloads, and compaction overhead is really problematic when there isn't much update locality.

On the other hand, having most of your index be constant lets you use better data structures. Binary search is really bad.

For pure in memory indexes, according to the numbers I've seen it's actually really hard to beat a pure (heavily optimized) b-tree; for in-memory you use a much smaller node size than on disk (I've seen 64 bytes, I'd try 256 if I was writing one).

For on disk, you need to use a bigger node size, and then binary search is a problem. And 4k-8k as is still commonly used is much too small; you can do a lockless or mostly lockless in-memory b-tree, but not if it's persistent, so locking overhead, cache lookups, all become painful for persistent b-trees at smaller node sizes, not to mention access time on cache miss.

So the reason bcachefs's (and bcache's) btree is so fast is that we use much bigger nodes, and we're actually a hybrid compacting data structure. So we get the benefits of LSM-trees (better data structures to avoid binary search for most of a lookup) without the downsides, and having the individual nodes be (small, simple) compacting data structures is what makes big btree nodes (avoiding locking overhead, access time on node traversal) practical.

B-epsilon btrees are dumb, that's just taking the downsides of both - updating interior nodes in fastpaths kills multithreaded performance.
by dragonwriter | 2025-12-20 18:51:13+00:00
> Are they cutting them off, though?

Its possible for multiple lanes to turn without anyone cutting anyone off, but its also possible for people to turn right from the middle lane of the source street into the rightmost lane of the target street, cutting off people in the rightmost lane of the source street attempting to turn, or to make a right turn from a middle lane that is not allowed to turn, cutting of a legal right-into-any-lane from the rightmost lane when it is the only turning lane, so if someone explicitly says that's what they see and there is no available counterevidence that they are misreporting their observation, questioning it accompanied by a description of how it is possible for people to turn from multiple lanes into distinct lanes in harmony without anyone being cutoff is not particularly useful.

> the car on the inside is required to turn into the nearest lane (according to any state law I know)

That's the base rule in most jurisdictions, but there are places where it doesn't apply. See, e.g., for California: https://law.justia.com/codes/california/code-veh/division-11...
by glitchc | 2025-12-20 18:51:25+00:00
While these articles are useful in understanding the utility of IPv6, what would really help is an article explaining step by step how to configure a home network using IPv6. The tutorial should answer these questions:

- How to ensure there are no collisions in address space? Translates to, how to pick safe addresses, is there a system?

- How do I route from an external network resource to an internal network resource? Translates to, can you provide syntax on how to connect to an smb share? Set up a web service that works without WireGuard or equivalent?

- How does one segment networks, configure a vlan, set up a firewall?
by pinkgolem | 2025-12-20 18:51:39+00:00
If you have a server where everything is on the server, the server being on means everything is online... There is not a lot of complexity going on inside a single server infrastructure.

I mean just because you have backups does not mean you can restore them ;-)

We do test backup restoration automatically and also on a quarterly basis manually, but so you should do with AWS.

Otherwise how do you know you can restore system a without impact other dependency, d and c
by jfengel | 2025-12-20 18:51:44+00:00
Like security, the Internet doesn't tolerate half measures. You either have perfect privacy or none.

A lot of our intuitions about both are based on obscurity: nobody is interested enough to devote their lives to you. That's not the case any more. You are exposed to every person on the planet, and they have the tools to automate attacks on every single person.

That's not to say "give up", but we need to find a new understanding of how our lives work. It's like we're all hunter-gatherers who find ourselves instantly in the largest and fastest city, with nobody to teach us the ropes.
by rdm_blackhole | 2025-12-20 18:52:06+00:00
> imposes very strict limits of 3% GDP on government deficits.

You might want to check that information. This very strict limit is only enforced on selective EU countries like Greece for example.

France has had routinely yearly deficits above 3% in the last 10 years and has never been worried one bit about it.

For the record the French deficit was around 5.4% this year and it is set to increase again next year as the parliament is completely blocked and a budget compromise cannot be reached.

Even the so called debt ceiling defined in the pact of stability is mostly ignored. Italy and France are both well above the 100% debt to GDP ratio when the treaty says that every country within the EU should be at or below 60%.

> It basically bans member governments from printing money

It only bans the ones that have adopted the Euro. The countries that have declined to adopt the euro are free to do as they please more or less.

The euro countries though may not be able to print money, but they just get the ECB to do it for them via quantitative easing which has been used since 2008 and only recently stopped when the interests rates started climbing after the pandemic.
by nephihaha | 2025-12-20 18:52:48+00:00
The EU is not more "free". There are a lot of things you can't say or will get shut down for. Most of the EU does not have the same freedom of expression or religion that the USA guarantees in its founding documents. The collective cannot have freedom if the individual does not. That includes the right to disagree.

The EU and USA are going down the same road. Social media is a part of this censorship of open discussion and is usually American based, but works hand in hand with the European governments. Both European and American governments seem happy to deceive citizens into a surveillance state.

It is unacceptable to ban homeschooling. Some children need to be homeschooled, because of disabilities, or even high intelligence. Given the fact that Germany has suffered from both far right and far left dictatorships within living memory, anything that does not promote blind obedience to the state should be encouraged.

Many parts of Europe retain a feudal mentality, which includes constant deference to authority.
by elpataka | 2025-12-20 18:52:54+00:00
What docs or language definition are you even talking about? Rust doesn't have an official spec. How can Rust make such a promise if it does not even have an official spec or documentation where it can make it?

As the other commenter said, said promises are made by people. The problem comes from the fact that these people are not always just random internet strangers who don't know a thing about programming who say random stuff that crosses their mind. Sometimes, it comes from the authority of the Rust compiler developers themselves (who apparently also don't seem to know anything about programming, considering that they have made such retarded claims...).

Just look at any talk given by them, or any post made on any forum, or, most importantly, the many instances where such statements are made on the Rust book (which is not an official spec for the language, but it is the closest thing we have, ignoring Ferrocene's spec because rustc is not based on that...).

Also most public speakers who were extremely vocal about Rust and made cookie cutter and easy to digest content for beginner programmers were dead set on selling the language through empty promises and some weird glorification of its capabilities, bordering the behaviour of a cult. Cue in, No Boilerplate, Let's Get Rusty, etc... all of these people have said many times the "if it compiles, you know it works!" statement, which is very popular among Rust programmers, and we all know that that is not true, because anyone with any experience with Rust will be able to tell you that with unsafe Rust, you can shoot yourself in the foot.

Stop selling smoke, this is a programming language, why must it also be a cult?
by flufluflufluffy | 2025-12-20 18:52:55+00:00
Came here to say most of this, also worth calling out the note at the bottom:

> Note: This research was presented as an abstract at the ACS Clinical Congress Scientific Forum. Research abstracts presented at the ACS Clinical Congress Scientific Forum are reviewed and selected by a program committee but are not yet peer reviewed.

My guess is when it gets to peer review, one of the reviewers will request at least mentioning these limitations. As it was only an abstract, it’s possible the paper itself does mention these limitations already as well.
by gorkish | 2025-12-20 18:52:56+00:00
woah hold on a sec. that's not how these clocks are actually used though.

It's a huge huge huge misconception that you can just plunk down an "atomic clock", discipline an NTP server with it and get perfect wallclock time out of it forever. That is just not how it works. Two hydrogen masers sitting next to each other will drift. Two globally distributed networks of hydrogen masers will drift. They cannot NOT drift. The universe just be that way.

UTC is by definition a consensus; there is no clock in the entire world that one could say is exactly tracking it.

Google probably has the gear and the global distribution that they could probably keep pretty close over 30-60 days, but they are assuredly not trying to keep their own independent time standard. Their goal is to keep events correlated on their own network, and for that they just need good internal distribution and consensus, and they are at the point where doing that internally makes sense. But this is the same problem on any size network.

Honestly for just NTP, I've never really seen evidence that anything better than a good GPS disciplined TCXO even matters. The reason they offer these oscillators in such devices is because they usually do additional duties like running PtP or distributing a local 10mhz reference where their specific performance characteristics are more useful. Rubidium, for instance, is very stable at short timescales but has awful long term stability.
by Aurornis | 2025-12-20 18:53:50+00:00
> I've been a daily user for over 10 years and also have a spotless driving record.

I knew a guy who drove home from bars unquestionably over the legal limit (example: 4-5 drinks in 90 minutes) every single weekend for years without getting caught or getting in accident.

It doesn’t mean he wasn’t impaired.
by echelon | 2025-12-20 18:54:21+00:00
Credentialism isn't a fix for the problem you've outlined. If anything, over-reliance on credentials bolsters and lends credence to crazy claims. The media hyper-fixates on it and amplifies it.

We've got Avi Loeb on mainstream podcasts and TV spouting baseless alien nonsense. He's a preeminent in his field, after all.

Focus on what you understand. If you don't understand, learn more.
by kjkjadksj | 2025-12-20 18:54:43+00:00
In the 50s the suburbs were new and inhabited mainly by families who also had kids. By the time I came around those people still lived in most houses and they were quite old in the neighborhood with few, if any families with kids my age. Quite a contrast to the stories I was told about my parents upbringing in the suburbs, where they could collect a dozen plus kids going door to door down the block.