MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by badsectoracula | 2025-12-25 10:56:00+00:00
Technically Xorg can handle fractional scaling across mixed dpi and refresh rate monitors, but it requires support from toolkits, window managers and applications which means the developers of all of those (or at least toolkits and window managers) need to cooperate. At minimum, you need toolkit support for the most basic. AFAIK Qt6 does have this support and should be able to handle fractional scaling across mixed DPI monitors but not in an ideal way since for better experience you'd need the app/toolkit cooperating with the window manager instead of the toolkit trying to do everything on its own without knowledge of the rest of the desktop. I wrote about it in detail here[0] but the gist is that it is largely an issue of getting the developers of various projects to cooperate than some feature Xorg itself lacks (it doesn't). Wayland had it easier here because it started from scratch and developers had to worry about those things for supporting it. On a more positive note, because of Wayland (and Win32, if a toolkit support scaling there) the the hard part of the work on the toolkit side should already be there.

For VRR the issue is how current desktop compositors render their output, though it should be technically possible to make a Xorg desktop compositor to use separate outputs for each monitor (may need to use Vulkan with custom barriers for vsync though, this is something i've only ). The alternative is to not use a desktop compositor at all, which is what i'm doing (since i also dislike the desktop lag introduced by desktop compositors). I have a 165Hz VRR monitor that i used it for a bit (even connected a separate 60Hz monitor for a bit) and worked fine, though eventually i disabled the VRR functionality since at 165Hz tearing is almost imperceptible (and it never bothered me even on 60Hz monitors anyway) while my monitor is one of those that have some annoying flickering with VRR enabled. In any case, the issue is with the setup and desktop compositor used, not with Xorg itself.

Of course from a user's perspective all these most likely do not make much of a difference.

For HDR there is no support for it Xorg though. Personally, the main use for HDR would be either some movie or playing a game, i.e. fullscreen apps, and switching to another virtual terminal running a Wayland compositor (or just Gamescope) just for those is perfectly fine - having to press ctrl+alt+f1/f2 instead of alt+tab is not a deal big enough to change the entire desktop setup i've been using for many years :-P.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45858043
by magicalhippo | 2025-12-25 10:56:43+00:00
I really don't get why large corporations seemingly don't do more homework when trying to get into a new market. Especially if they buy a successful company to do so, without doing any work figuring out why they're successful, nor rocking the boat.

I worked at one of the largest IT companies here in Norway when it got sold to some international corporation. They drove it into the ground in less than 6 months, selling the tattered remains for scraps to our largest competitor.

In my current job I've seen it multiple times with our competitors, where they're just a shadow of themselves after getting acquired by a large multinational.

Good for us of course, we're now dominating our niche.
Show HN: Mandate – treating AI agents like economic actors, not scripts
by kashaf12 | 2025-12-25 10:57:10+00:00
Hi HN,

I’ve been working on a small MVP called Mandate. The idea is simple:

AI agents can spend money and call tools, but today we mostly control them with prompts and conventions. I wanted something closer to IAM / firewall thinking, but for agents.

Mandate enforces authority at runtime, outside the LLM.

Core concepts:
- Agent = stable identity (not a process)
- Policy = static, versioned authority template
- Rules = select policies based on invocation context (env, user tier, etc.)
- Mandate = short-lived authority issued per invocation
- Enforcement = deterministic allow/block of tool + LLM calls

This lets you:
- cap spend per invocation or over time
- restrict tools and MCP servers
- kill an agent instantly
- audit every decision with reason codes

No prompt tricks, no AI judgment — just mechanical enforcement.

Repo (very early MVP):
https://github.com/kashaf12/mandate

I’m not sure yet if this is something teams actually want, or if it’s too early / overkill.
I’d really value feedback from people running agents or automation in production:
- Have you hit failures where prompts weren’t enough?
- Do you already enforce hard limits internally?
- What would make this useful vs annoying?

Thanks for reading.
by jasonvorhe | 2025-12-25 10:58:14+00:00
I'm glad the majority of companies aren't active nostr. I don't want even more corporate goo in my timeline and since only a very few companies offer decent social media support in case of issues with their product(s), I'd rather they stick with Bluesky/Mastodon/Threads so I can keep my peace. Got nothing against small shops/makers/artisans that are actively engaging with people and have a real personality. I'm following lots of them myself and purchase their products if shipping costs allow it.

I really hope nostr will have sufficient time to develop its own culture before people inevitably notice that freedom of speech is actually important. I guess people will have to burn a couple more accounts on X/B/M/T/FB before seeing the light.
by palata | 2025-12-25 10:59:08+00:00
> as the investment is a costly signal to e.g. China that e.g. Germany will be able to respond quickly

I don't see that at all: fusion is not remotely a "quick" solution. Investing a lot into a message that says "be careful, if you cut off our supply, we will work on this thing that will take another few decades" doesn't sound super smart.
Show HN: VideoReview – Collaborative video review for games and animation
by KirisameMarisa | 2025-12-25 10:59:10+00:00
I built VideoReview to reduce review overhead for team members working on game cutscenes and animation.
It lets collaborators leave time-based comments, draw directly on video frames, and discuss feedback in a lightweight, SNS-like interface.

Live demo: https://demo-video-review.d16slh4aq95cwn.amplifyapp.com/

Integrations include Jira (create tasks from comments) and Slack (share comments).

I’d love feedback on usability from people who review game or animation footage.
by AltruisticGapHN | 2025-12-25 10:59:42+00:00
I love this. Great little html page to refresh on Javascript.

For fun I put it in chatgpt and asked if there are bugs.

It warned about fromBase64() and toBase64() not existing in main browsers. It is supported but is indeed a new "baseline 2025"feature. It suggested more compatible code using two small functions to convert characters manually.

"deflate-raw is not consistently supported." It suggested using 'deflate' instead.
by imtringued | 2025-12-25 11:01:17+00:00
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46382947

Read this including my response.

A lot of X features are actually Xorg features and they only work because there is a single implementation that everyone tried to integrate with.

Turns out the moment there are two implementations, which is hard on X and easy on Wayland, you can no longer rely on targeting a single implementation for direct integration anymore.

This means a lot of non-X but Xorg features need a protocol extension in Wayland, because things are being standardized that previously were exclusive to Xorg.
by oddmiral | 2025-12-25 11:01:53+00:00
Even when you are national-state-level target, there are easier ways to grab the screen.

For local state, it's easier to just install a wireless camera and watch your screen from behind: it leaves no trace on your computer (you may spot it wireless connection, if you lucky). Moreover, they are more interested in your communication devices (your smartphone) than in your desktop.

Foreign states may exploit your notebook builtin "anti-theft" system, Intel Management Engine ("intel" is very good name for a CPU ;-), bugs in NVidia firmware (fonts, OpenGL, etc), bugs in hardware (create a second display to mirror image from primary display to, even when physical display is not attached, for example), etc.

However, I saw that my Firefox window was spied by Chromium window few years ago (I recorded it on Youtube), so this problem in X11 is real.
by mft_ | 2025-12-25 11:02:21+00:00
Thank you for this interesting perspective. I’ve moaned a little on HN previously about the relative value of the FW13 - IIRC it was roughly 60% more than an equivalently (or in some areas, better) specced ASUS.

Taking your position —that repairability is a premium feature to pay extra for— the question then becomes how much more is that feature worth? (After all, we’re well used to making value judgements regarding a better screen, more memory, etc.)

I guess what’s missing for me is a more thorough understanding of why the FW13 is so much more expensive than the competition? I can write off some of the difference down to lower production volumes, and some of it down to the direct costs of repairability (i.e. extra items that need to be made that just wouldn’t exist in a non-repairable laptop). But this feels a long way away from explaining the ~60% I think I’m looking for, when many of the major parts of the laptop (e.g. processor, RAM, SSD, screen, hinges, fans) are (or could be?) available ‘off the shelf’ at a similar cost to any other manufacturer?
by godelski | 2025-12-25 11:02:31+00:00
> poorly defined.

Poorly defined is not the same as undefined. There are bounds and we have a decent understanding of what this means. Not having the details all worked out is not the same. Though that lack of precision is being used to get away with more slop.

> I need to find the paper that deepmind produced

I've seen that paper and the results pretty close to the action. I've even personally talked with people that worked on that paper. It very frequently "forgets" what is outside its view and it very frequently performs non-physically consistent actions. When you evaluate those models don't just try standard things, do weird things. Like keep trying to extend the grabber arm and it shouldn't jump to other parts of the screen.

> The problem is that its not really a world model, its just image gen.

Yes, that was my point. Since you agree I'm not sure why you're disagreeing.
by breve | 2025-12-25 11:02:39+00:00
But people will vet a website that has the potential to change every day? Each time you visit the site the behaviour could be different. Vetting the site every time you use it would be profoundly tedious.

When you install an application you can vet the version you want to use, keep the installer so you can always reinstall the same version, and it only changes when you change it. That's much better control.

Luckily, all of the image editors I listed are well known and trustworthy. They're good tools. You're much better off learning them and making full use of their capability than using some limited web based image converter.
by nh2 | 2025-12-25 11:04:44+00:00
I also find the lack of ports in a Framework frustrating.

My Thinkpad has

USB-A
USB-A
USB-A
USB-C
HDMI
Ethernet
SD
Charging

and a Framework has only half of that.

Most of these are used at least once per day.

I'm hoping for third party chassis offerings to solve this.
by gabrielgio | 2025-12-25 11:04:54+00:00
At this point it is just you.

I run two different distributions myself, I know a bunch o people on even more different distributions, set of configuration and based on empirical analysis I can assure you that no one has problem with windows placement.

Out of the box I used have more problem with X11 (tearing and font rendering being the most annoyingly common ones) than I have with Wayland.
by cthalupa | 2025-12-25 11:06:10+00:00
This article could be summed up in one sentence as "Markets are more complicated than a country so saying you are targeting a country or continent as a market is too high level to convey an actionable plan."

Which, yeah, sure, but did anyone ever think there was such thing as a "every person in America" or "every person in Korea" market for anything but the most universal of basic necessities?

I'm not sure what I was expecting when I clicked this link, but what I ended up reading appears to just be AI blogspam.
by jasonvorhe | 2025-12-25 11:06:49+00:00
> You would think that people would be in a rush to build with a technology that appears to be simple to implement and holds communities directly responsible for their conduct and content.

I think this is working pretty great on nostr. You have the WoT to fight cheap spam, spammers/scammers/impersonators get quickly reported and when they show up for you, you'll see who of your followers reported them for which reason. I can still see if I want to check myself. I'm in control, but I don't get bombarded with unfiltered spam. So far nostr has handled spam waves remarkably well. Problematic material (CP, etc) is scrubbed off of most relays/blossoms quickly.

Whenever I stumble upon opinions I heavily disagree with, I'm glad that nostr exists. I wasted way too much time in the self censorship safe space hellhole that is Mastodon where too many instance operators think themselves god of their own little pocket universe. If that's you're looking for, more power to you. It just wasn't for me.
by consp | 2025-12-25 11:07:33+00:00
Hmm, duopolies don't work you say? I doubt 3 will make any difference (see memory manufacturers). Then again looking at market share nvidia is a monopoly in practice.

The bad part is everyone wants to be on the AI money circle line train (see the various money flow images available) and thus everything caters for that. At this point i'd rather have nvidia and amd quit the gpu business and focus on "ai" only, that way a new competitor can enter the business and cater the the niche applications like consumer gpus.
by piskov | 2025-12-25 11:08:51+00:00
The thing about macbooks is:

- dead silence

- unbelievably good battery life

- tank sturdiness

- great performance

- amazing screen

- amazing speakers

- god-tier trackpad

- repairability in a sense you’ll always find parts (albeit not cheap) and someone to service it

—

It is basically uncontested in a laptop space.

I would only consider windows / linux on a desktop pc
by gnyman | 2025-12-25 11:10:09+00:00
this is not something I came up with, Simon wrote it and I liked the differentiation between "vibe coding" where there is less effort

for this case project I think I would actually go back and say it's vibe coded, but I didn't want to just call it vibe coding because I did spend time going back and forth and directing the agent

https://simonwillison.net/2025/Oct/7/vibe-engineering/
by dvfjsdhgfv | 2025-12-25 11:11:24+00:00
> Chinese people aren't 'brainwashed'

As the self-contradictory saying goes, "all generalizations are false"; nevertheless, some Chinese I met are definitely conditioned by Chinese propaganda in a way that doesn't stand closer scrutiny. Very nice, well-educated people, and touch the subject of the Dalai Lama and see the fury unfold.
by ahachete | 2025-12-25 11:11:27+00:00
"Most components" seems a bit of an understatement when compared with the Framework.

Sure, some components can be replaced. And not at the same cost (opening and manipulating the Framework vs the ThinkPad). But not all, like the motherboard.

I may have built multiple dozens of computers in my life, so it's not that I'm new to this world.
by piva00 | 2025-12-25 11:14:13+00:00
I fucking hate that Cloudflare has taken over, their captcha is broken for me on my main browser for years.

I cannot get past it, I click the checkbox, the page reloads and presents the captcha again. Reported as feedback hundreds of times by this point, nothing changed, cannot find out if it's some combination of extensions within my browser. The only way is to fire Chrome (which I hate using) to access some sites when it's strictly needed.
by jimmySixDOF | 2025-12-25 11:14:20+00:00
The business model at Groq basically morphed over time so the internal cloud was their only client and all purchases were on some revenue sharing basis to finance set up and operate the cloud business. So this has a bigger impact on those Cloud hardware operators to the extent they were involved in the discussions with Nvidia. Saudi Aramco comes to mind, as an early big check investor, who hosts much of the Groq Cloud today. So now Nvidia is their sole source supplier and the whole Tokens-as-a-Service business model they signed up for is re-negotiated ?
by pansa2 | 2025-12-25 11:14:34+00:00
> fastapi, pytorch, langchain, streamlit, and so on and on

It's telling that your reasons for switching are all features of Python's ecosystem, not of the language itself. A lot of developers are moving to Python because of its libraries, and in many cases they don't care for the language at all.

That's causing a problem for Python: many of these developers who'd rather be using different languages seem to want to morph Python into their language of choice. The result is that the Python language is pulled in many different directions, and with each release gets increasingly bloated and strays further from its foundations.

Ruby, on the other hand, has a community that's mostly made up of people who actually like the language. That allows it to do a much better job of staying true to its core philosophy.
by somenameforme | 2025-12-25 11:15:18+00:00
I'm not sure very small scale construction is relevant in this case. I've worked in this exact sort of job before and like you said it's mostly self employed or very near it. And, at least in my case, we literally didn't know a single rule or regulation. It's not like you go grab the hundreds of pages of ever-shifting regulations and memorize them before you start working. And the chances of getting any sort of governmental audit is very near zero.

But in this case you tend to get involved in the work because you enjoy construction and you want to do a good job for the sake of doing a good job. It's like programming. If there weren't external forces, it's not like programmers want to do a haphazard job - but they end up getting pulled in a dozen different directions and, at the end, making code that won't even be formally attributed to them. I suppose one huge difference is also in construction if you do a poor job, you can end up getting sued for everything you own - whereas in code when code crashes, people just shrug.
by dvfjsdhgfv | 2025-12-25 11:15:21+00:00
That's very true but one doesn't exclude the other. The attitude of individual Chinese is not just complex but also non-uniform; trying to describe it with one work is ridiculous. This doesn't change the fact that China is an autocratic country and many of its citizens are susceptible to its propaganda.

(Yes, propaganda is present in all countries, but if you eliminate all opposing voices, the pendulum dangerously sweeps towards one side.)
by codingbbq | 2025-12-25 11:16:58+00:00
It really sucks to feel so undervalued. I have been working with WITCH company and the entire promotion leveling is based on favoritism. With this 90 days of Notice Period, it is nearly impossible to get through even first round of interview. Every day is a struggle to prove yourself to the handicapped managers and self doubt whether you are even worth something to leave this job and try something else. 10 years and each day is a painful struggle.
by imtringued | 2025-12-25 11:18:54+00:00
The thing is, X11/Xorg is a huge monolith. There is simply no way to implement every single feature in one go and then release the competing implementation.

The very thing that makes people biased towards X11/Xorg both negatively and positively is that it is a huge monolith and the only X implementation on Linux. The moment you have two implementations, you're gonna get the same complaints against the second X server as Wayland is receiving.

You think this is an indictment to the second implementation and that they shouldn't bother by saying an "analysis was incomplete" but in my opinion it's exactly backwards. This is an argument that eternally perpetuates X11 not because of technical capability but rather because it was there first.

After all, the moment there is any implementation that is second it might miss a single feature that nobody actually uses, but theoretically could be used when combining an old binary with a new X implementation.

But this argument misses the obvious fact that X11/Xorg is already dead since any code change will break existing applications. Meaning X11 has become an unsalvageable fossil.
by crote | 2025-12-25 11:20:20+00:00
Startups often pay a shitty salary in exchange for a decent chunk of stock options, with the implicit promise that you'll make bank if you work hard and make the company successful.

Getting screwed out of your payout by such a totally-not-an-acquisition is wage theft. It's like promising a sales-related bonus at the beginning of the year, and then in December changing the metric to "AI-related sales to the CEO's golf buddies".
by marginalia_nu | 2025-12-25 11:22:15+00:00
The ultimate bottleneck in any search application is IOPS; how much data can you get off disk to compare within a tolerable time span.

Embeddings are huge compared to what you need with FTS, which generally has good locality, compresses extremely well, and permits sub-linear intersection algorithms and other tricks to make the most of your IOPS.

Regardless of vector size, you are unlikely to get more than one embedding per I/O operation with a vector approach. Even if you can fit more vectors into a block, there is no good way of arranging them to ensure efficient locality like you can with e.g. a postings list.

Thus off a 500K IOPS drive, given a 100ms execution window, your theoretical upper bound is 50K embeddings ranked, assuming actual ranking takes no time and no other disk operations are performed and you have only a single user.

Given you are more than likely comparing multiple embeddings per document, this carriage turns to a pumpkin pretty rapidly.
by sgk284 | 2025-12-25 11:23:28+00:00
Reranking is definitely the way to go. We personally found common reranker models to be a little too opaque (can't explain to the user why this result was picked) and not quite steerable enough, so we just use another LLM for reranking.

We open-sourced our impl just this week: https://github.com/with-logic/intent

We use Groq with gpt-oss-20b, which gives great results and only adds ~250ms to the processing pipeline.

If you use mini / flash models from OpenAI / Gemini, expect it to be 2.5s-3s of overhead.
by nkrisc | 2025-12-25 11:24:17+00:00
Sure, there are some recent exceptions. But nearly all words that contain vowel pairs like “ea” and “ai”, for example, represent a much older pronunciation regardless of the current one. Words like “hear” and “wear” would have rhymed at one point. Most words ending in “ed” would have had that syllable fully pronounced instead of reduced to a “t” sound.

That vast majority of words among all English dialects are spelled similarly and go back to the 16th century or thereabouts.
by nchmy | 2025-12-25 11:25:03+00:00
98% coverage if you exclude browsers that caniuse doesn't track (which is surely appropriate, since even things like checkbox elements have only 96% coverage if you include un tracked browsers).

And you can fall back to origin header, which has universal coverage. Then block anything else.

Also, owasp doesn't recommend it as defense in depth. It is a primary, standalone defense against CSRF.

https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cross-Site_Re...
by imtringued | 2025-12-25 11:27:41+00:00
Uhm no? As I mentioned, Wayland is simple because it was designed with the idea that there will be many implementations. It turns out that once you have many implementations, you can't just implement screen recording in one implementation and directly integrate with that implementation, because someone might use a different implementation. This then necessitates extensions for features that go beyond displaying things.