MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by jakobnissen | 2025-12-16 07:25:58+00:00
I use Rust instead of C++, but I also see my Julia code being faster than my Rust code.

In my view, it's not that Julia itself is faster than Rust - on the contrary, Rust as a language is faster than Julia. However, Julia's prototyping, iteration speed, benchmarking, profiling and observability is better. By the time I would have written the first working Rust version, I would have written it in Julia, profiled it, maybe changed part of the algorithm, and optimised it. Also, Julia makes more heavy use of generics than Rust, which often leads to better code specialization.

There are some ways in which Julia produces better machine code that Rust, but they're usually not decisive, and there are more ways in which Rust produces better machine code than Julia. Also, the performance ceiling for Rust is better because Rust allows you to do more advanced, low level optimisations than Julia.
by larsbrinkhoff | 2025-12-16 07:26:31+00:00
I emailed this to Lee. I guess it can go here too.

---

I have been fortunate to have worked professionally with Forth recently. It was so fun! But I still struggle to point out exactly why I like Forth, and why and how it's different. Your essay is fresh take, which is good.

To me, maybe the most important lessons are.

1. Eschew complexity (sometimes to a fault), and 2. Improve the code by redefining the problem. Look at things from another angle. (I hate to say it, but think out of the box.)

Much of Forth falls out from these principles. E.g. people are quick to point out Forth is a stack based programming language. Which is true enough, but to me it's kind of beside the point. The point is the language does away with local variables (redefine the problem) to lay the ground for a much simpler implementation (eschew complexity).

Yes, there's REPL. But why? Because Forth is (or can be) a programming language, operating system, compiler, and command line rolled into one. Heaps of layers and components done away with.

File system, virtual system, code structure, documentation? Blocks!

The list goes on. Once you internalize this, the veil falls from your eyes, and you see how much needless complexity stands in your way in most other languages, operating system, tools, apps, ... it's everywhere.
by omnicognate | 2025-12-16 07:27:21+00:00
1984 has coercive elements lacking from Brave New World, but the lack of any political awareness or desire to change things among the proles was critical to the mechanisms of oppression. They were generally content with their lot, and some of the ways of ensuring that have parallels to Brave New World. Violence and hate were used more than sex and drugs but still very much as opiates of the masses: encourage and satisfy base urges to quell any desire to rebel. And sex was used to some extent: although sex was officially for procreation only, prostitution was quietly encouraged among the proles.

You might even imagine 1984's society evolving into Brave New World's as the mechanisms of oppression are gradually refined. Indeed, Aldous Huxley himself suggested as much in a letter to Orwell [1].

[1] https://gizmodo.com/read-aldous-huxleys-review-of-1984-he-se...
by naijaboiler | 2025-12-16 07:27:53+00:00
Exactly pricing discrimination (i.e. selling at different prices to different customers) is absolutely legal and is market efficient in a market with multiple sellers and multiple buyers.

Pricing discrimination combined with monopsony(single large buyer) or monopoly ( single large seller) powers is not market efficient. It leads to higher prices by end consumers. Price discrimination via collusion + Walmarts monopsony in grocery industry violates that 1930s act and is illegal
by bawolff | 2025-12-16 07:27:54+00:00
In fairness here, when it comes to large distributed networks, this type of scaling is generally unacceptable.

But yes i agree its really sloppy for them to say exponential. I'd actually call it linear since what matters (mostly) is how many connections each node has to do, not the total number of connections in the system.

Nonetheless imagine if email worked by making a connection to every computer in the world to check if they had mail for you. It would obviously not work.
by jandrewrogers | 2025-12-16 07:29:10+00:00
Much ado about nothing.

Due to my somewhat international career, I had to learn to code-switch between American and British English. My default is American but can do British as needed. Spelling, vocabulary, dialect to some extent, etc.

For a global audience, I find American is the best default. Nonetheless, actual Americans barely notice if you use British English-isms in American contexts. They may notice but no one cares. Everyone knows what you mean. Using British dialect may confuse them occasionally but even then no one cares. Canadians should do what is natural for Canadians.

It boggles my mind that someone from a Commonwealth country using British spelling would even warrant a news article. Why is anyone talking about this?
by EdwardDiego | 2025-12-16 07:29:59+00:00
I'm from NZ where 640km range is plenty, for even our gnarliest terrain, so I'm stoked. I have to say, this is a bit dismissive out of hand.

> urban bros that do casual offroading on well-developed trails with associated infrastructure.

Yeah, no, that's not what I'm talking about. Not everyone commenting here is from the US.

I'm talking about things like driving up braided riverbeds to places like this, Mathias Hut, just downstream of a glacier or two. [0]

Or like this, Avoca Hut, in an isolated valley two days walk in otherwise. [1]

Or some of the very rugged routes on the West Coast of the South Island / Te Waipounamu. [2]

Trips like this in the Southern Alps. [3]

Or Napoleon Hill. [4]

640km range would get me to that route, from the east side of my island via an alpine pass [5], through the route, and back home again, on one charge, which is awesome.

We don't have the same scale of distance as the USA, that's true, but we have the same scale of challenging terrain, so please don't be so quick to dismiss our use case as "urban bros doing casual offroading", just because the distances are lower, please.

As for well developed 4WD trails, lol.

I used to be a ranger in a national park here, and American tourists were routinely gobsmacked that our tramping (hiking) routes (trails) didn't have bridges, (and also, often didn't have an actual track or trail, you just picked your own way up the riverbed) and you'd have to walk through the rivers - and no, don't take your boots off, because you're going to cross that river another 5 - 10 times, you just have to accept you're going to have wet feet, welcome to NZ hiking.

So if we don't have that many well developed hiking trails, we certainly don't have well-developed off-roading trails.

[0]: https://dea83hfeh03sc.cloudfront.net/media/3171/conversions/...

[1]: https://www.doc.govt.nz/thumbs/hero/contentassets/10442f8efa...

[2]: https://nz4wd.co.nz/article/hard-drive-denniston

[3]: https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/destinations/nz/97642423/brea...

[4]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OnZ6dMg4yvs

[5]: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Arthur%2...
by piskov | 2025-12-16 07:30:00+00:00
Seems like chicken and the egg problem:

https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/discrimination-chine...

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvg78xng04xo

https://www.insidehighered.com/news/admissions/graduate/2025...

https://www.science.org/content/article/u-s-congress-conside...
by a3c9 | 2025-12-16 07:30:16+00:00
By gut feeling I’d agree on Chrétien, and there is some polling on this (which I think backs that up). This article compares favourability after first election for PMs going back quite a ways and Carney looks similar but slightly worse off than Trudeau or Harper.

https://angusreid.org/prime-minister-mark-carney-first-month...
by jakobnissen | 2025-12-16 07:30:32+00:00
Yes, Python code is indeed fast if you write it in C++... what a bizarre argument. The whole selling point of Julia is that I can BOTH have a dynamic language with a REPL, where I can redefine methods etc, AND that it runs so fast there is no need to go to another language.

It's wild what people get used to. Rustaceans adapt to excruciating compile times and borrowchecker nonsense, and apparently Pythonistas think it's a great argument in favor of Python that all performance sensitive Python libraries must be rewritten in another language.

In fairness, we Julians have to adapt to a script having a 10 second JIT latency before even starting...
by the_mitsuhiko | 2025-12-16 07:30:42+00:00
I know I am tooting Sentry's own horn a bit here, and since I was involved it is close to my heart. We struggled at one point with how to build a large company on top of an open source project, and we never liked the idea of simply carving out parts of the codebase and marking them as closed source (open core). At the same time, there was always the latent risk that even if you put 95% of the energy into the product, you were still not fully in control and someone else exploits the economic value without investing.

Our way of dealing with this was delayed open source publication. That led to the FSL [1], and later to bootstrapping the Fair Source initiative [2] to establish an umbrella term that does not conflict with Open Source. What I have found interesting in the years since is that many companies are wrestling with the same problem, but feel that the two year head start the FSL gives is too aggressive.

I actually still find that surprising. I would like to know whether this is a legitimate concern that two years is not enough, or mostly a perceived one. To me, moving to an Apache 2 or MIT license after a relatively short period is a much stronger statement than a license that risks the project effectively ending if the commercial entity is unwilling to relicense it more openly at the end of its life such as the O'saasy license.

[1]: https://fsl.software/

[2]: https://fair.io/
by gagarwal123 | 2025-12-16 07:33:08+00:00
I have been through the same stage in life where suddenly I felt lost and what I was doing did not make sense any more. In my case, I spent all my energy at work, never had any hobbies or interests outside of it.. so I took time off when I felt I was financially secure. I dont have all the answers but on that journey to figure things. But also there is very thin difference between burn out and mid life crisis.

I would ask you to start by questioning Irrespective of money, do you enjoy what you are doing? Is your work environment burning you out instead of your actual work? Would you be happy doing what you are doing if it didnt feel like a task?

Also in my opinion, its not about simplier life, its about what will make you happy.. some people find happiness in making money
by mnky9800n | 2025-12-16 07:33:26+00:00
Also, consider what the postdoc is.

A person arrives on a 18 month funded postdoc (believe me, plenty exist). They have just completed a PhD which means they probably have a couple papers published and maybe another one or two in the pipeline. So as they spin up their time with you, they are also finishing these papers from their previous job. By six months in they are done with that and fully onboarded to the project. So they spend six months working. But now, they only have six months left of contract. You don't have money to keep them or perhaps your country will require you to offer a permanent contract if it is being renewed so you cannot offer them to extend their position with you. So they spend the final six months of their postdoc looking for a job. So, for 18 months of salary, you get six to eight months of work. It's unreasonable. Things need to change.

Or lets say you have a mission critical project that must be done by a postdoc. You offer them a 3 year contract that is grant funded. It is three years because most grant agencies work on three year cycles. The project requires a year commitment to building an apparatus (maybe its a lab experiment, maybe it's training some foundation model, whatever). After that year, the apparatus can be used for science. Your postdoc comes to you in year 2 month 3 and says, well I have been offered a faculty position at university X so I am leaving in the fall. So you get 18 months of work out of them and now cannot hire anyone else because you only have 18 months of funding left, but your country requires you to offer a minimum of 24 months contract. Things need to change.

It's important to note that academics often keep projects from their former positions going at their new ones. But as soon as someone leaves to industry, this falls apart. Because industrial positions expect the person to work on the project they specify, they rarely hire someone to work as an academic, pursuing their own research directions.

I think the solution here is as others have suggested, spend more money on hiring people for longer term and with higher salaries. But we shall see if anyone listens to that advice.
by robot-wrangler | 2025-12-16 07:33:54+00:00
> Maybe other people have perspectives

Yeah, no. The whole "every perspective has some validity" thing won't really apply to most safety/security issues. The most charitable thing to say here is that the workflow is completely broken. Less charitable but also valid is pointing out that it's actively harmful, and deliberate. I would be really surprised if this hadn't ever caused serious consequences whether a whistle blower was fired, an abused spouse got extra abused, or an informant was killed. If you think you've got a "valid perspective" that prioritizes mere user-discovery over user-safety, then you should not be attempting work that's close to safety and security, full stop.
by mlsu | 2025-12-16 07:33:56+00:00
Everyone who would have said no, every leader, with self-respect, has been removed or fired, at least in the executive branch. Every person with a spine who resigns or gets fired is replaced by someone a bit more sycophantic (and craven/stupid), and the whole thing slowly ratchets into what it is now. Lots of good people are gone -- more true the higher up you go.

You have to understand that most Americans do not approve of what's going on here. But, most people go with the flow, and are waiting for all of this to blow over and go "back to normal" next election. We'll see if it ever does, it probably won't. We took the whole thing for granted, big time.
by LargoLasskhyfv | 2025-12-16 07:34:55+00:00
My Reading, Yarrow Stalks results:

_____ (black bar, 7)

_____ (black bar, 7)

__.__ (grey bar, marked by green dot in the middle, 9)

__ __ (two short black bars with gap in the middle, 8)

__.__ (grey bar, marked by green dot in the middle, 9)

__ __ (two short black bars with gap in the middle, 8)

Primary Hexagram 6. CONFLICT (Sung)

Relating Hexagram 20. CONTEMPLATION (Kuan)

Reverse engineer the question :->
by dns_snek | 2025-12-16 07:35:00+00:00
I'm not omitting anything, it's included. If the total sum of human labor required to produce food (which includes energy production and pollution mitigation) goes down by 90%, then the total sum of human labor required to buy food should go down by 90% as well.

My point is simply this: As automation advances, the vast majority of that value (e.g. 98%) should flow back to society. Right now it's being soaked up by capitalists. There should be a reward for improving efficiency but it should be sensible.
by nunobrito | 2025-12-16 07:35:08+00:00
NOSTR is a protocol that doesn't detail all implementation details so it wouldn't be fair to point HTML as culprit for flaws of web browsers.

That is a good paper, the leaks are mentioned the app Damus (notes browser) which wasn't really much worried about verifying the authenticity of the notes. The details: https://crypto-sec-n.github.io/

These are apps developed on free time and made available for free so these issues are bound to exist and be repaired.
by pitched | 2025-12-16 07:35:20+00:00
This helped me understand what I was getting at so I’ll try explaining again now with that.

The words are typically used in two different contexts, one more professional (utilize) and one more casual (use). The words can be chosen to hint at which context we’re in or shift the context locally if needed.

For example, a story about a group of drunk guys could say that one of them utilized a flat stone to dig, to add humour since we’re clearly not in that professional context.
by discordance | 2025-12-16 07:35:50+00:00
I've been through similar-ish circumstances. Exploring other options, cultivating interests and doing non-work related things, while continuing to work has helped me. I believe in small and continuous adjustments rather than making big leaps and I think that helped in reducing risk while also nudging the ship in a different direction.

Also consider volunteering or helping people somehow. The worst possible outcome in doing that is that you have helped people.
by rnhmjoj | 2025-12-16 07:38:07+00:00
There are no excuses, this protocol is just terrible: it could have been made much much more secure without any kind of virtualisation or sandboxing.

For example, the kernel could be used[1] to store the secrets in memory and only authorize the userspace process that created it to read it; other processes could request access to a secret and only be given if you accept.

[1]: https://docs.kernel.org/security/keys/core.html
by jillesvangurp | 2025-12-16 07:38:51+00:00
Lots of speculation in this thread. Not a lot of talk about the international market where Ford has been mostly a no-show with the F-150 lightning. Internationally, Toyota and BYD are starting to dominate the electric truck market. The electric Hilux is launching next year and the BYD Shark is doing well in e.g. Australia and Mexico. That's a range extended vehicle similar to the new F-150 sold at an aggressive price point. There are a few other Chinese vendors getting ready to market their vehicles as well. It's a popular car type across South America, Africa, Australia, etc. And Toyota used to dominate that market. The market clearly exists and it's rapidly electrifying.

Internationally the trend is actually towards battery electric vehicles that are more affordable than their ICE or hybrid equivalents. If such non electric models are available at all. That's becoming true for a growing number of cars in especially the EU, Australian, or Asian markets. The cheapest cars in the EU are electric at this point. There's a growing number of cars priced well below 20K Euro. And not just from China. 2025 saw a few models for which that was true. 2026 will feature a lot more.

How is this possible? Batteries are now cheap. Electric motors were never that expensive. And the rest of the car is what it always was a bunch of wheels, window wipers, and other components. The cheapest car is the simplest car. That's going to be an electric one from 2026 onward.

Why did the F-150 electric flop? It was more expensive than the petrol variant. You have to pay a very steep premium for them. Ford never really figured out how to source cheap batteries. And even at that steep premium they never figured out profitability. It seems they are getting out of battery joint ventures even and reducing investment. They are giving up and ceding the market to others. Just as others are figuring this market out and are proving it is real.

Technically, if they ever wanted to make a cheaper version of this new range extended truck, all they'd have to do is junk the range extender and cram the vehicle full of cheap LFP batteries. As much as they can get away with. But that would require that they figure out how to source/make cheap batteries. Clearly that's not a problem that is solved in the US yet. They might get back to this topic in a few years.
by inferiorhuman | 2025-12-16 07:38:56+00:00
Yes, ADS-B is significantly more precise than civilian primary radar returns. That's why the FAA is trying to move away from radar. The JetBlue near miss was about 150 miles from Curacao ATC which is beyond what most ASR systems cover (around half that).

Military radar is a different beast, but even then you're still trying to figure out what the returns mean. ADS-B explicitly says hey there are two aircraft in a tiny space. Civilian radar is likely not precise enough to identify two aircraft that close.
by cprecioso | 2025-12-16 07:38:59+00:00
That was an interesting read, thanks! Two questions:

- What is the problem with stale certificates if a domain changes hands? It seems to me that whether they renew the certificate or not, the security situation for the user is still the same, no?

- Is CertKit a similar solution to Anchor Relay? (https://anchor.dev/relay)
by wkat4242 | 2025-12-16 07:40:57+00:00
Ah nice we don't have anything like that here.

But I don't think I will go back from what I'm doing now. It took a lot to get me to leave Amazon, but the DRM thing and also lately the larger amount of books "not available in your country or region" has just made me give up on the industry.

I will buy books now only if they are available to buy without DRM, and if they are not I will just pirate them.
by nunobrito | 2025-12-16 07:41:07+00:00
The concept of public library are the "super-relays", which are always available and basically accept any note you send their way.

It is "kind of" like reinventing email with PGP. Main difference is that you can choose to send the message in plain text with a cryptographic signature that proves it was sent from you or full encrypted like PGP.

There is still (in my opinion) a disadvantage when compared to PGP: key rotation. Once you create a key pair in NOSTR it is your identity forever, whereas in PGP you have mechanisms to declare a key obsolete and generate a new one.

In overall PGP failed over the last 30 years, sharing public keys with other people was always the biggest difficulty for real adoption. With NOSTR this process is kind of solved but we are yet to see about adoption.
by t0mas88 | 2025-12-16 07:41:19+00:00
It made the group of people that could do it much larger. A tech savvy person they knew some HTML was not able to create such an app from scratch in an afternoon before AI, it would take them weeks of googling and figuring things out with a high likelihood of getting stuck. Now that same type of person using Claude Code writes an app in an afternoon.

Reading things Claude creates and asking some critical questions is much easier than writing the same code from scratch.

Quality may not be amazing, but this whole thing is less than 2 years old. It's not hard to imagine that quality will go up further and more people will learn to use it well.
by jacquesm | 2025-12-16 07:41:28+00:00
You did an amazing job. What I really like is the attention to detail that will facilitate cable management and repair. This is the weak point for most 3D printers: when you run them long enough and hard enough they'll break and you will need to replace parts. Depending on the brand of printer this can be hard, tricky or next to impossible without a complete teardown of wiring looms and such.

Consider using a slightly higher level connection to the print head: just power and a serial protocol. That way you are immediately future proof. What firmware are you running on this?
by rkomorn | 2025-12-16 07:42:37+00:00
Isn't altitude information also one of the important things about ADS-B that radar lacks?

Although ADS-B is self reported and "vulnerable" to bad/spoofed info.

My CFI and I once saw ADS-B data from one of the startups near Palo Alto airport in California reporting supersonic speeds... at ground level, no less.

Edit: still have it in my email, heh. It was a Kitty Hawk Cora, N306XZ, reporting 933kts at 50'.