MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by clusterhacks | 2025-12-03 15:09:39+00:00
I started my career as a software performance engineer. We measured everything across different code implementations, multiple OS, hardware systems, and in various network configurations.

It was amazing how often people wanted to optimize stuff that wasn't a bottleneck in overall performance. Real bottlenecks were often easy to see when you measured and usually simple to fix.

But it was also tough work in the org. It was tedious, time-consuming, and involved a lot of experimental comp sci work. Plus, it was a cost center (teams had to give up some of their budget for perf engineering support) and even though we had racks and racks of gear for building and testing end-to-end systems, what most dev teams wanted from us was to give them all our scripts and measurement tools to "do it themselves" so they didn't have to give up the budget.
by greedo | 2025-12-03 15:09:44+00:00
Nebraska has a unicameral legislature that isn't in session year round. Pay is $12k/year (with travel per diem). This low salary leads to an older cohort of senators, either retired or wealthy enough to work part time. This low salary completely neuters the ability of younger people to enter state politics until they've amassed enough money to survive for four years.
by lloeki | 2025-12-03 15:10:22+00:00
I watched both; both are good, in different ways. Some scenes that I remember being beautifully composed in 4:3 lost to the transition, while others have improved markedly.

They made a ton of effort on it, recognising it's a different version altogether:

> The new version of The Wire, then, will differ both creatively and technically. In certain cases, such as a scene in season two where longshoreman gather around a body, Simon said he believed the added space would add a vulnerability to the scene that wasn’t possible in 4:3. But he describes other scenes where the added space distracts the eye, and the remaster zooms in on the characters to retain that intimacy.

https://www.techhive.com/article/599415/hbo-remastered-the-w...
by jonhohle | 2025-12-03 15:10:30+00:00
Instant disclosure would allow ETFs, which is probably the best option.

I think having a congressional required fund that the public could also invest in makes sense as well.

I’ve been thinking about an act to intentionally enrich members of Congress for reducing the deficit (e.g. a fraction of percent of savings certified by GAO goes to district and to member’s fund with a multi year cool off period, saving based on ratcheted down watermark).

The first allows constituents to reap the benefits of their member’s power, the second incentivizes members to be as financially motivated to not spend money as they are to spend money.
by bryanlarsen | 2025-12-03 15:10:34+00:00
I was really hoping that there'd be movement on a comment without-boats made in https://without.boats/blog/why-async-rust/ to bring a pollster like API into the standard library.

Rust has very good reasons for not wanting to bless an executor by bringing it into the standard library. But most of those would be moot if pollster was brought in. It wouldn't stifle experimentation and refinement of other approaches because it's so limited in scope and useless to all but the simplest of use cases.

But it does in practice solve what many mislabel as the function coloring problem. Powerful rust libraries tend to be async because that's maximally useful. Many provide an alternate synchronous interface but they all do it differently and it forces selection of an executor even if the library wouldn't otherwise force such a selection. (Although to be clear such libraries do often depend on I/O in a manner that also forces a specific executor selection).

Pollster or similar in standard library would allow external crates to be async with essentially no impact on synchronous users.
by dnlzro | 2025-12-03 15:10:47+00:00
To add to jeroenhd's comment, if you're only sending mail from a single server (e.g., you are using a custom domain with Proton Mail, Zoho, etc.), then you probably don't need DMARC reports at all.

To avoid them, you can remove the `rua` or `ruf` tags from your DMARC DNS record.
by johnohara | 2025-12-03 15:10:54+00:00
It's been five years since key lawmakers deftly navigated the market implications of covid-19 after being briefed in a closed-door session [0].

It's one thing to use insider information, it's another to be blatant and unapologetic.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_congressional_insider_tra...
by NickC25 | 2025-12-03 15:11:04+00:00
Maybe a better solution is to crowdfund someone to run for federal office under the guise of purposeful naked corruption. Their whole platform will be "I'm doing this so I can get access to information before the market does, and I will immediately disclose that information to my constituents, and provide realtime trading updates".

I'd vote for that person in a heartbeat even if the rest of their platform was non-existent.
by chongli | 2025-12-03 15:11:13+00:00
Thanks for pointing this out! I looked at the edit history and without looking at the timestamps assumed it was in reverse chronological order. Seeing that I was wrong brought a smile to my face.

I appreciate that Andrew and the other Zig team members are really passionate about their project, their goals, and the ideals behind those goals. I was dismayed by the recent news of outbursts which do a lot to undermine their goals. That they’re listening to feedback and trying to take the high road (despite feeling a lot of frustration with the direction industry is taking) should be commended.
by belter | 2025-12-03 15:11:18+00:00
> IBM have an incentive to try and pour water on the AI fire to try and sustain their business.

IBM has faced multiple lawsuits over the years. From age discrimination cases to various tactics allegedly used to push employees out, such as requiring them to relocate to states with more employer friendly laws only to terminate them afterward.

IBM is one of the clearest examples of a company that, if given the opportunity to replace human workers with AI, would not hesitate to do so. Assume therefore, the AI does not work for such a purpose...
by bombcar | 2025-12-03 15:11:35+00:00
Sure - but the point is everything is tradeoffs and we're working on what tradeoffs to focus on. A train hitting someone imparts way more force than a bike, but that doesn't necessarily mean we ban all trains.

And if the incidents of vehicle/pedestrian collisions are directly attributable to reduced visibility, then they should be resolved (the "school bus arm" in North America). But if the collisions would have occurred even with a perfect visibility bike, then changing the vehicles won't solve the desired issue.

For example, there is no way to have any vehicle traveling safely through a school yard at 70 miles per hour; no change to the vehicle makes that work. You have to separate or reduce speeds to crawling.
by jimbohn | 2025-12-03 15:11:36+00:00
I'd rather politicians have no privacy as long as they are in office, i.e. all their communications, acquisitions, etc. should be hard-monitored, automatically sent to an anti-corruption office and perhaps public. The loss would be temporary and harder to skim around, imo it's just better incentives all around.

But I'd definitely be okay with the property part if removing privacy isn't feasible :)
by alsetmusic | 2025-12-03 15:12:08+00:00
I want to see Nancy Pelosi in jail for insider trading the same as I want to see Trump in jail for inciting insurrection. It's ridiculous that we have as many signs of insider trading as we have and yet we do nothing about it. In a proper system, there'd be an investigation and we'd have proof and we'd do something about it.

I think if you asked average USA citizens, the majority would support more restrictions, or an outright ban on trading, for the legislature. But our country isn't even pretend-run according to the will of the people at this point. The veneer of listening to the people is practically completely gone.

I remember writing to one of my reps about a decade ago, urging that she vote a particular way on an issue. The canned auto-reply that I got in response told me why she was right to take the opposite stance and didn't even pretend to value my feedback. It used to be part of the job that a politician would lie to you and say they valued your opinion, even if we all knew that was bs. It was a real mask-off moment that I didn't realize was about to become the norm throughout our country.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-12-03 15:12:11+00:00
Since I had to think about it:

unsigned add(unsigned x, unsigned y) { unsigned a, b; do { a = x & y; /* every position where addition will generate a carry */ b = x ^ y; /* the addition, with no carries */ x = a << 1; /* the carries */ y = b; /* if there were any carries, repeat the loop */ } while (a); return b; }

It's easy to show that this algorithm is correct in the sense that, when b is returned, it must be equal to x+y. x+y summing to a constant is a loop invariant, and at termination x is 0 and y is b.

It's a little more difficult to see that the loop will necessarily terminate.

New a values come from a bitwise & of x and y. New x values come from a left shift of a. This means that, if x ends in some number of zeroes, the next value of a will also end in at least that many zeroes, and the next value of x will end in an additional zero (because of the left shift). Eventually a will end in as many zeroes as there are bits in a, and the loop will terminate.
by witheredspirit | 2025-12-03 15:12:21+00:00
>just to disagree

Ad hominem. I did not create it to disagree with you specifically, your stance is not that unique, as you can see I've replied to similar positions. However, when you admit the quiet part out loud I feel like you have no rebuttal and are fine with the exploitation in favor of money standpoint, which should bring your other standpoints in question if this is your guiding principle.
Ask HN: I haven't had to buy a Windows computer in 20 years
by meifun | 2025-12-03 15:12:23+00:00
Hell HN,

I haven't had to buy a Windows computer in 20 years. I am back in school for stenography. As I get older I wanted to learn a "trade" that would ensure I could work into my older years. The school requires Windows as they work with Stenograph hardware.

I've looked everywhere to buy a laptop. I need ram mostly and a few USB ports.

I bought a cheap $200 laptop (16gb ram) at Walmart and after a few months of nothing but troubles I need to acquire something better that is budget friendly but reliable. The problems have been with using the stenography hardware and everything freezing up. The company that makes the stenotype machine is blaming my laptop.

I could spend $500-$1000 (perhaps more if it is compelling). I don't really need all the fluff that comes when you buy a machine these days.

Can anyone recommend a path to finding a reliable, laptop with lots of RAM that will last for several years?

Thank you for clarifying my confusion in the market.
by sjw987 | 2025-12-03 15:12:57+00:00
Wild that anybody thinks simply being in the office makes employees work. I have a colleague who sits within 2m of me who keeps their (personal) phone on their desk all day. They literally prop it up against the bottom of their computer monitor. They're not even subtle about it.

They get distracted every 2-3 minutes and spend upwards or 2-3 hours on it. It distracts me when it vibrates 100+ times per day.

Boss walks in, phone is down. Boss walks out, phone in hand.
by Macha | 2025-12-03 15:13:05+00:00
The same happens in reverse sometimes, e.g. the super skinny font in final fantasy pixel remasters:

https://images.rpgsite.net/image/da49c9a1/102696/original/FF...

Ironically, they had a better Latin font _in the Japanese language version_ for all the genre loan abbreviations like MP/HP/LV etc., (https://terimaland.com/Memory/Steam_FinalFantasyPixelRemaste...) so that image is comparing the modded in Japanese Latin font vs the font the game includes by default.

(They also have a retro blocky "pixellated" font option iirc, which doesn't have the super narrow widths)
by WreckVenom | 2025-12-03 15:13:06+00:00
> Are we talking about society or about individuals? Cars are the ultimate expression of individuality, so yes, "People have different wants and/or needs."

Society is made up of individuals. They are not separate things.

> 1. Physics - you can only fit so many 10sqm rectangles on busy urban roads and densely inhabited areas. At some point those rectangles overflow. Which amusingly in terms of the violence you mentioned, frequently leads to road rage.

There is nothing amusing about being locked in with a group of anti-social yobs on a train and/or bus when you want to get home.

Why do people try to twist what was said about the issues with public transport? Do you think you are being clever? This sort of fancy pants rhetorical technique that you are employing is obnoxious.

Also I've seen plenty of rage on public transport (I used public transport for 20 years). Far more than any Road Rage which often equates honking and some hand gestures.

> On the other hand, if you've made up your mind years ago, you are truly lost to this debate. I can't change your mind, his videos can't change your mind, this entire discussion is hopeless.

When I say "I've made up my mind". I specifically mean is "If you want to cycle to work, do so. If you want to take public transport do so". There is nothing stopping you in Europe from doing either.

You don't even understand what I am trying to say to you. What I am saying is that I am well aware what the discussion points are, what the arguments are. I am bored of hearing about it. It goes nowhere.

I like cycling, motorcycling and driving. I don't have to drive anywhere and I will be taking my 4x4 out on the trail this evening because it is fun. On Sunday I will be taking the Mountain bike out for a spin.

BTW, Trams aren't that great BTW. There was a reason they were largely phased out in the UK for Buses.

> In which case there is a reason we don't live forever. I'm sure that many of my opinions are detrimental to society, so thankfully I'll make way for others with fresher and hopefully better opinions.

People were having many of the same arguments about the same issues back in Ancient Rome as people are making today. So I wouldn't count on that.
by kyletut | 2025-12-03 15:14:08+00:00
Grapevine is an accountless API for publishing data with built-in pricing. A lot of useful information never finds a market. Grapevine makes it easy to package data and let people or systems request and pay for it directly.

The core idea is that pricing and payment happen inside the request using Coinbase’s x402 flow. No accounts, no onboarding steps, no checkout. A buyer signs the request, pays, and receives the data in one call. It behaves more like an authenticated API request than a marketplace.

Content is organized into feeds and entries. A feed is an ongoing source of data. An entry is a single item such as text, a file, a dataset, or any other type of content. Each entry can have its own price, so one-off pieces of information work just as well as larger collections.

Data is stored using private IPFS, which provides a verifiable CID for each entry while keeping the content private.

Docs: https://docs.grapevine.fyi

App: https://www.grapevine.fyi

Code: https://github.com/PinataCloud/grapevine
by Arkhaine_kupo | 2025-12-03 15:14:12+00:00
> I think Anthropic has established that LLMs have at least a rudimentary world model

its unsurprising that a company heavily invested in LLMs would describe clustered information as a world model, but it isnt. Transformer models, for video or text LLMs dont have the kind of stuff you would need to have a world model. They can mimic some level of consistency as long as the context window holds, but that disappears the second the information leaves that space.

In terms of human cognition it would be like the difference between short term memory, long term memory and being able to see the stuff in front of you. A human can instinctively know the relative weight, direction and size of objects and if a ball rolls behind a chair you still know its there 3 days later. A transformer model cannot do any of those things and at best can remember the ball behind the chair until enough information comes in to push it out of the context window at which point it can not reapper.

> putting a word at the end of the second line of a poem based on the rhyme they need for the last)

that is the kind of work that exists inside its conext window. Feed it a 400 page book, which any human could easily read, digest, parse and understand and make it do a single read and ask questions about different chapters. You will quickly see it make shit up that fits the information given previously and not the original text.

> We really don't know how these things tick

I don't know enough about the universe either. But if you told me that there are particles smaller than plank length and others that went faster than the speed of light then I would tell you that it cannot happen due to the basic laws of the universe. (I know there are studies on FTL neutrinos and dark matter but in general terms, if you said you saw carbon going FTL I wouldnt believe you).

Similarly, Transformer models are cool, emergent properties are super interesting to study in larger data sets. Adding tools to the side for deterministic work helps a lot, agenctic multi modal use is fun. But a transformer does not and cannot have a world model as we understand it, Yann Lecunn left facebook because he wants to work on world model AIs rather than transformer models.

> If you put a person in charge of predicting which direction a fish will be facing in 5 minutes,

what that human will never do is think the fish is gone because he went inside the castle and he lost sight of it. Something a transformer would.
by xenophonf | 2025-12-03 15:14:24+00:00
I initially considered using Pandas to work with community collections of Elite: Dangerous game data, specifically those published first by EDDB (RIP) and now by Spansh. However, I quickly hit the maximum process memory limits because my naïve attempts at manipulating even the smallest of those collections resulted in Pandas loading GB-scale JSON data files into RAM. I'm intrigued by Polars stated support for data streaming. More professionally, I support the work of bioinformaticians, statisticians, and data scientists, so I like to stay informed.

I like how in Pandas (and in R), I can quickly load data sets up in a manner that lets me do relational queries using familiar syntax. For my Elite: Dangerous project, because I couldn't get Pandas to work for me (which the reader should chalk up to my ignorance and not any deficiency of Pandas itself), I ended up using the SQLAlchemy ORM with Marshmallow to load the data into SQLite or PostgreSQL. Looking back at the work, I probably ought to have thrown it into a JSON-aware data warehouse somehow, which I think is how the guy behind Spansh does it, but I'm not a big data guy (yet) and have a lot to learn about what's possible.
by bombcar | 2025-12-03 15:14:41+00:00
I suspect that's the main difference; if you're trying to use hands-free voice activation via "hey Siri" you get a much different experience than if you can touch the watch/phone to trigger Siri first.

And thinking back over it, more than half the failures are complete - e.g., it likely never activated at all. Very few are "it set a timer, but for the wrong time".
by Workaccount2 | 2025-12-03 15:15:03+00:00
I'm not sure what to make of this study, and their wording is careful:

"After ascension, however, leaders outperform their matched peers by up to 47 percentage points per year"

They looked at the 20 congressional leaders from 1995 to 2021 that traded stocks. They found _up to_ a 47% outperformacnce per year.

It's not clear (without trudging through the data) what the average outperformance was (or if there was any).
by Jalil9 | 2025-12-03 15:15:44+00:00
Hi HN,

I’ve been building a 'Flight Simulator' for AI Engineers to practice fixing production failures (like RAG hallucinations, context window overflows, and rate limit storms).

The hardest part was building the execution engine to run untrusted user code securely. I realized this infrastructure is useful on its own, so I open-sourced the core engine today.

The Stack:

Orchestrator: Next.js 15 (App Router)

Isolation: Firecracker MicroVMs (via E2B)

Streaming: Real-time stdout/stderr piping via Server-Sent Events

You can try the live challenges (fixing a ReDoS attack or a 'Hanging Stream') here: https://tentropy.co/

Or check out the core engine source here: https://github.com/jaliil-9/tentropy-core

Feedback on the sandboxing approach is welcome!
by NBJack | 2025-12-03 15:15:53+00:00
The game is released on both PC and PS5, the latter of which was designed (and marketed) to take advantage of SSD speeds for streaming game content near real time.

The latest Ratchet and Clank, the poster child used in part to advertise the SSD speed advantage, suffers on traditional hard drives as well in the PC port. Returnal is in the same boat. Both were originally PS5 exclusives.
by kmundy | 2025-12-03 15:16:03+00:00
You are right about the math of the 'Death Spiral.' If we simply deregulated AHPs without a safety net, healthy people would flee, leaving the sick in a collapsing ACA pool. That is exactly what happened in the pre-ACA 'bad old days.'

But my proposal isn't just 'Deregulation.' It pairs AHPs with a specific mechanism designed to stop that spiral: Invisible High-Risk Pools (The Maine Model).

The 'Maine Model' allows insurers to 'cede' their highest-risk patients to a state-funded reinsurance pool. The patient keeps their same card and doctor (hence 'Invisible'), but the risk is offloaded.

The Data: Before the ACA, Maine implemented this. Anthem requested a 20% rate hike due to adverse selection. After the pool was implemented, the rate hike dropped to under 2%.

This shows we can protect the sick without forcing the healthy to pay $25k/year premiums to an oligopoly.

Regarding other countries: I’d love to write that article! But most of them (like Germany or Switzerland) succeed by strictly regulating prices or supply. In the US, we have the worst of both worlds: we cap insurer profits (via MLR) but leave costs unchecked, which actually incentivizes inflation. My 'Three-Legged Stool' proposal is an attempt to engineer a path out of that specific American trap.
by anon-3988 | 2025-12-03 15:16:07+00:00
What I am curious about is, is the compiler smart enough to be lazy with computation and or variables? For example consider:

let a = expr let b = expr2

if (a || b) { return true; }

is the compiler allowed to lazily compute this if it is indeed faster to do that way? Or declaring a bunch of variables that may or may not be used in all of the branches. Is the compiler smart enough to only compute them whenever it is necessary? AFAIK this is now allowed in C-like languages. Things have to materialize. Another one is, I like to do memcpy every single time eventhough it might not even be used or overwritten by other memcpys. Is the compiler smart enough to not perform those and reorder my program so that only the last relevant memcpy is performed?

A lot of times, my code becomes ugly because I don't trust that it does any of this. I would like t write code in consistent and simple ways but I need compilers to be much smarter than it is today.

A bad example recently is something like

const S * s =;

let a = constant; let b = constant; let c = constant; let d = constant; let e = constant; let f = constant; let g = constant; let h = constant; let i = constant; let j = constant; let k = constant; let l = constant;

if (s->a == a && s->b == b /* etc */ ) { return true; }

It did not turn all of this into a SIMD mask or something like that.