MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by aeternum | 2025-12-15 16:44:21+00:00
IMO the FDA should do a better job at helping the populace distinguish between these two:

1) Evidence for the null hypothesis (there are enough studies with sufficient statistical power to determine that product likely does not cause harm at a >95% CI).

2) There is no evidence that it is unsafe. (nor that it is safe).

The problem is #2 sounds a lot stronger and often better than #1 when put into English. There must be some easy to understand way to do it, IE an 'insufficient testing' vs. 'tested' label/website or something.
by palmotea | 2025-12-15 16:44:34+00:00
> Washington-based Starcloud launched a satellite with an Nvidia H100 graphics processing unit in early November

An. That's not a datacenter, that's a server.

> Starcloud CEO Philip Johnston told CNBC that the company’s orbital data centers will have 10 times lower energy costs than terrestrial data centers.

> “Anything you can do in a terrestrial data center, I’m expecting to be able to be done in space. And the reason we would do it is purely because of the constraints we’re facing on energy terrestrially,” Johnston said in an interview.

Does that include lifting acres of solar panels into orbit?

If this takes off (no pun intended), maybe we'll get to deal with fun future problems like AI data centers blotting out the sun.
by Workaccount2 | 2025-12-15 16:45:04+00:00
The main thing that people snag on is scale and frequency.

If you are super into "ACAB" (all cops are bastards) you can easily "research" this all day for weeks and find so many insane cases of police being absolute bastards. You would be so solidified in your belief that police as an institution are fundamentally a force of evil.

But you would probably never come across the boring stat that less than 1 in 500,000 police encounters ever register on the "ACAB" radar.

This is almost always where people run aground. Stats are almost always obfuscated for things that people develop a moral conviction around. Imagine trying to acknowledge the stat there are effectively zero transgender people perving on others in public bathrooms.
by kllrnohj | 2025-12-15 16:45:14+00:00
process-based sandboxing has hardware support and thus stronger defenses against things like spectre. So far every CPU on the market has only elected to address spectre as it relates to crossing ring or process boundaries. Nobody has added hardware spectre defenses for in-process sandboxing. Also, process-based sandboxing allows the guest to also have a full suite of security protections like ASLR. If you are doing sandboxing for defense in depth, reducing the security of what's inside the guest in turn reduces the security of your entire chain.

And I didn't say the performance penalty was because of sandboxing (although in the case of WASM there is cost as it's doing software enforcement of things that otherwise are "for free" in hardware), but just that WASM has a performance cost compared to native. If you are using WASM just for sandboxing, you still then pay a performance cost for portability you didn't need.
by dpark | 2025-12-15 16:45:17+00:00
The weight of something that is typically mounted to a wall seems very relevant. Most TV mounts are not rated to hold the weight of a plasma TV. A poorly installed or insufficient mount could definitely fail.

Plasma TVs not mounted to the wall are also concerning for safety reasons. A plasma TV tipped onto a young child would likely cause significant injury above and beyond what an LCD would cause.

I loved my plasma but I feel like the weight was a real issue.
by DonHopkins | 2025-12-15 16:45:19+00:00
If all you have to live for is sports, then you desperately need more education and better journalism and mental health care.

I'm not saying get rid of them, and I didn't mention art or music or exercise, which are far more useful and enriching than sports.

Just don't sacrifice much more important things for sports, like so many high schools and colleges and universities do.

Our society is NOT existentially suffering from a lack of referees, as much as a lack of good teachers and journalists.

Get your priorities straight. It really doesn't matter if your sportsball team wins or loses, but it does extremely matter if your children are educated and informed or not.
by webstrand | 2025-12-15 16:45:38+00:00
This only works so long as you're not interesting to anyone. You never know what past information associated with your identity will be weaponized against you. By the government, corporations, or individuals to justify harming you. Even if you're safe and secure in the belief that your neighbors will never turn on you, others are not so lucky.

Did you travel to get an abortion? Someone might be interested in charging you with a felony. Did you associate too closely with non-citizens? Maybe you're one too. Did you reserve a hotel room? Probably willing to pay more for flights there. Do you frequent hacker news? Might not be so in favor of the current political establishment.
by manarth | 2025-12-15 16:45:41+00:00
> "Pesticides are, generally, safe to humans."

There are many common pesticides which have extreme toxicity to humans, including HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide), (ab)used under the brand-name Zyklon B in WW2, and still sold today as a (controlled-use) pesticide under generic brand names.

It's a chasm-leap to say that pesticides are generally safe to humans.
by tracker1 | 2025-12-15 16:45:46+00:00
I'm not sure about "upstanders" against bullying in and of itself, so much as a matter of extremes... for example, when there's physical abuse or fighting. When I was coming up, the lesson was, "If you have the ability to intercede, you have a responsibility to intercede."

By the time my son was in elementary school, it had become, "Don't get involved, get a teacher or call the police."

I think when it comes to non-violent bullying, that people should encourage and empower the bullied to stick up for themselves... and should it become violent, then intercede as necessary.
by dvliman | 2025-12-15 16:46:09+00:00
https://apps.apple.com/us/app/options-at-the-money-premiums/...

I am working on the android version of this app. It is a tiny tool for options trader to see all the premium on one screen. Here is the reddit thread where I initially launched it: https://www.reddit.com/r/Optionswheel/comments/1nlelbp/i_mad...

If you trade stock or options, would love to get your feedback! Thank you.
by danielscrubs | 2025-12-15 16:46:12+00:00
You could argue that the point of creating an oligopoly and then squeezing customers after the fact also is adding friction. All value creation is not great for the people. But it is hidden under the name. Financial engineering and rent-seeking are getting quite advanced nowadays, because of the political class.

I like the idea of classifying it into four buckets: those that are below tax net gains for a country, those who are above and those that are above the tax net gains using just their wealth, and then the government.
by nodar-d | 2025-12-15 16:46:16+00:00
Short answer: you can, but it breaks down fast.

LLMs are decent at writing Terraform, but Terraform wasn’t designed for agents. A tiny app change often explodes into hundreds of lines of diff across modules, IAM, networking, state.

> use AI to write terraform for me

The real problem isn’t generating config, it’s control. With vibecoded Terraform you get: * no guardrails on what can change * hard to review whether a diff is safe * easy to accidentally destroy or over-permission infra * state + implicit dependencies are brittle for autonomous edits

We built Neptune to solve those issues and eliminate as many footguns as possible. We are spending a lot of our time thinking about guardrails so you can deploy code with AI safely
by jijijijij | 2025-12-15 16:46:16+00:00
Yes, but Apple wouldn't do this, because Apple is also at risk of losing customers when people get blocked by network security at work. We could also fantasize about Apple fighting all the tracking everywhere, including their own services...

Quite frankly, it's a bit silly to paint Apple as some privacy fortress, who wouldn't have to comply with law enforcement/intelligence to unmask/tap traffic. I mean, for a lot of people VPN choice is done considering legal jurisdictions somewhere far away. Apple could/would never possibly offer this level of protection.
by koverstreet | 2025-12-15 16:46:18+00:00
That does happen sometimes. But look on the bright side; a lot of people are getting crash courses in low level systems debugging, and those are skills that are not as common as they used to be - but they're still important.

If you look at the field of filesystem developers and kernel developers, we don't have nearly as many young people getting involved and learning this stuff as we used to, and that's a problem. We need a pipeline of people building deep expertise, and if even a tiny fraction of the people getting involved with the bcachefs community start developing an interest and learning this stuff, that's a success.

Six months ago was also still a very hectic time for debugging and stabilization, it's definitely gotten better.
by general1465 | 2025-12-15 16:46:37+00:00
>when the Russians attack NATO across multiple fronts, and the EU is forced to place rifles in the hands of all these EU kids sending them to the front lines

Let me know when Russians will be able to establish air superiority over Ukraine. Attacking NATO without any plausible way to build air dominance will not end well for Russia. Furthermore attacking NATO will open Russia to attack from Ukraine, which will want its territory back.
by bigstrat2003 | 2025-12-15 16:47:04+00:00
I feel like you're attacking a strawman here. Of course you can write unreliable software in Rust. I'm not aware of anyone who says you can't. The point is not that it's a magic talisman that makes your software good, the point is that it helps you to make your software good in ways other languages (in particular C/C++ which are the primary point of comparison for Rust) do not. That's all.
by jakeydus | 2025-12-15 16:47:29+00:00
I'm not making any claims at all, I was just adding context from my recollection of the article that appeared to be missing from the conversation.

Edit: What the article said: > The kinds of web applications I’m thinking of with this post are monolithic web apps, with Postgres as their primary OLTP database.

So you are correct that this does not disqualify distributed databases.
Show HN: Agent Deck – Terminal Dashboard to Manage Claude/Gemini/Codex Sessions
by asheshgoplani | 2025-12-15 16:47:54+00:00
I run multiple AI coding agents across projects and kept losing track of which sessions were waiting for input vs still working.

Agent Deck is a TUI built on tmux that shows all sessions with live status - green (working), yellow (needs input), gray (idle).

Works with Claude Code, Gemini CLI, Aider, Codex.

Can also fork Claude conversations to try different approaches from the same context.

Built with Go + Bubble Tea. Early development, using it daily with 20+ sessions.

Looking for feedback
by j45 | 2025-12-15 16:48:12+00:00
It matters to the comparison being made between the dot com boom and an ai boom, they have completely different fundamentals outside of the hype train.

There were not as many consumers buying online during dot com boom.

To the extent currently more is being spent on AI than anything in the dot com boom.

Nor did companies run their businesses in the cloud, because there was no real broadband.

There’s no doubt there’s a hype train, there is also an adoption and disruption train, which is also happening.

I could go on, but I’m comfortable with seeing how well this comment ages.
by exasperaited | 2025-12-15 16:48:28+00:00
If you are avoiding subscriptions, are you doing credit buckets? Up front X months in advance and a reminder to top up?

I find either of these more ethical but it is worth noting that any non-expiring, roll-over credit scheme is going to kill you. All you need is one or two months where you’re focussed on infrastructure instead of fresh content and you will find users get out of the habit of using it up, which can end up with you effectively in debt to your users, who will expect more value the longer they wait.
by MangoToupe | 2025-12-15 16:49:49+00:00
> That's not how any of this works. Publications have editorial standards, fact-checking processes, and legal review. A story like this doesn't get published because one reporter decides to hit "post." It goes through layers of institutional vetting.

This certainly a popular narrative, but... C'mon, there isn't a single publication in existence that is inherently trustworthy because of "institutional vetting". The journalist is the entity that can actually build trust, and that "institutional vetting" can only detract from it.

> An individual blogger has the same legal liability in theory, but they don't have lawyers vetting their posts, aren't seen as worth suing, and may not even know the relevant law. A major publication has both the resources and the knowledge to be careful and the deep pockets that make them an attractive target if they're not.

This is also another easy way of saying "capital regularly determines what headlines are considered credible". That is not the same thing as actual credibility. Have you never read Manufacturing Consent?

Granted, I don't know why capital would care in this case. But the idea that "institutional integrity" is anything but a liability is ridiculous.
by brandonb | 2025-12-15 16:50:01+00:00
The acoustic model of a speech recognizer used to be a GMM, which mapped a pre-processed acoustic signal vector (generally MFCCs-Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients) to an HMM state.

Now those layers are neural nets, so acoustic pre-processing, GMM, and HMM are all subsumed by the neural network and trained end-to-end.

One early piece of work here was DeepSpeech2 (2015): https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.02595
by neilv | 2025-12-15 16:50:03+00:00
> While Chinese companies supply paraquat to American farmers, the report points out China is also a big purchaser of crops, like soybeans, that are grown with help from the pesticide.

> “In these two ways, China economically benefits from the application of paraquat in the U.S., where it outsources many of its associated health hazards,” the report said.

There would arguably be a poetic justice to the US taking a turn at bearing health and environmental costs to benefit other nations, but it's not right for that to happen to any country.
by spacechild1 | 2025-12-15 16:50:06+00:00
C++ has value semantics, which means that values of user-defined types generally behave like values of built-in types. In this sense, copying is the only logical default. It's just how the language has been designed.

Things are different in Rust because of lifetimes and destructive moves. In this context, copying would be a bad default indeed.

> because who said that's even achievable, let alone cheap?

Nobody said that. The thing is that user-defined types can be anything from tiny and cheap to huge and expensive. A language has to pick one default and be consistent. You can complain one way or the other.
by jph | 2025-12-15 16:50:36+00:00
I worked at Sun and had the ring. We had a great demo where you could walk along a row of Sun workstations, and your X session would move with you, leaping from monitor to monitor, keeping pace with you. The idea at the time was "The Network is the Computer".

IIRC there was some coding that enabled each workstation to know where it was physically, so the security systems could know "User is signed into workstation X, and is requesting a move from workstation X to workstation Y, which is physically one meter away, so AOK to keep signed in."
by embedding-shape | 2025-12-15 16:50:39+00:00
Just one simple and contrived example I could come up with the five minutes I had available:

JavaScript:

// rename host -> hostname, update ONE place function connect(opts) { const host = opts.hostname ?? opts.host; // compat shim return `tcp://${host}:${opts.port}`; } // old call sites keep working connect({ host: "db", port: 5432 }); connect({ host: "cache", port: 6379 }); // new call sites also work connect({ hostname: "db", port: 5432 });

TypeScript:

// same compat goal, but types force propagation unless you widen them type Opts = { port: number } & ({ host: string } | { hostname: string }); function connect(opts: Opts) { const host = "hostname" in opts ? opts.hostname : opts.host; return `tcp://${host}:${opts.port}`; } // If instead you "just rename" the type to {hostname; port}, // EVERY call site using {host; port} becomes a compile error.

Again, this is just a simple example. But multiply 100x + way messier codebases where everything are static types and intrinsically linked with each other, and every change becomes "change -> compile and see next spot to change -> change" until you've worked through 10s of files, instead of just changing it in one place.

Personally, I prefer to spend the extra time I get from dynamic languages to write proper unit tests that can actually ensure the absence of specific logic bugs, rather than further ossifying the architecture with static types while changes are still ongoing.
by therealwhytry | 2025-12-15 16:51:03+00:00
originally we all posted online to help each other, with problems we mutually have. it was community, and we always gave since we got back in a free exchange.

now, there is an oligarchy coming to compile all of that community to then serve it at a paid cost. what used to be free with some search, now is not and the government of the people is allowing no choice by the people (in any capacity).

once capital comes for things at scale (with the full backing of the government), and they monetize that and treat it as "their own" i would consider that plagiarism.

how can we be expected to pay taxes on every microtransaction, when we get nothing for equally traceable contributions to the new machine?
by topspin | 2025-12-15 16:51:31+00:00
> Quiet red areas rolling over to Flock

What is funding all those Flock reps jetting around BFE to dazzle and kickback the boomer city managers and county commissioners of deep red littleville America? Is it the 2 cameras in Big Rapids MI or the 2425[1] cameras in Detroit metro?

The "roll over" that mattered has already been secured.

[1] https://deflock.me
by orliesaurus | 2025-12-15 16:52:00+00:00
i’ve watched this VPN arms race get weird over the years... as a user i feel like the license wars always spill over onto my connection.

rights holders keep demanding geo fences and identity checks... service providers comply because they don't want to get sued.

BUT... the blunt tool is to block whole swaths of IPs... then we all scramble.

i think the conversation around Apple or any single company saving us is missing the point.

ALSO... even if a big platform rolled out an anonymizing proxy... regulators would still push for carve outs... copyright exemptions... law enforcement taps.

the root is the business model... ad targeting... licensing... fraud detection... all of which depend on tying a real person to a real IP.

HOWEVER... if enough of us treat VPN use as normal... the calculus changes.

blocking a few percent of weirdos is easy... blocking half your paying users is not.

i don't know the answer... but i suspect it's going to get more fragmented before it gets better.
by kemayo | 2025-12-15 16:52:28+00:00
To elaborate a bit for those who don't want to go read that sort of thing: Trump said Reiner was killed because he made people so angry by being opposed to Trump. There were a bunch of asides about Reiner's talent and mental state, and it closed with trying to brag about (fictional) administration accomplishments.

Trump's a piece of work, all right.
by drewbeck | 2025-12-15 16:52:37+00:00
If someone had this experience I’d encourage them to look into how police departments across the US consistently fight against any accountability for the cops who perpetuate those relatively few awful encounters. “Most interactions are harmless therefore the negativity is overblown and cops are trustworthy” is one takeaway if you stop your research at the right point. “if you have a bad experience with a cop the entire department will turn against you; they are not to be trusted” is a more accurate takeaway.

As you say, stats very often obfuscate.
by rlupi | 2025-12-15 16:52:48+00:00
I actively avoid anything that is gamified or uses engagement tricks.

I don't mind paying a subscription, if the app provides ongoing updates or new content that I value, or I understand why it has running costs. I would prefer if the app had extension packs, like games' DLCs over a subscription. If an app has a subscription, I will immediately cancel the subscription after subscribing to avoid the recurring cost (if I forget to cancel after year or so). If I find the app valuable, I will re-subscribe as needed.
by watwut | 2025-12-15 16:53:45+00:00
Yes, because it amounts to several hours long homework. Kids are more slower then adults at reading, so this can easily amount to 10 hours of additional homework which you do on top of usual homework.

So yes, if you spent 10 hours reading a book you don't care about this week, you don't feel like reading something else. You feel like you spent awful lot of time reading already and feel like reading is something like vacuum cleaning - duty but not something you do for fun.
by solatic | 2025-12-15 16:54:15+00:00
I definitely think there are use-cases out there which are fine with daily backups. Not every use-case requires high availability or high durability.

Even to take a case in point where durability is irrelevant - people building caches in Postgres (so as to only have one datastore / not need Redis as well). Not a big deal if the cache blows up - just force everyone to login again. Would love to see the vendor reduce complexity on their end and pass through the savings to the customer.

edit: per your other reply re. using replication to handle resizing, maybe being upfront with customers about additional latency / downtime being necessary with single-node discounts, then for resizing you could break connections, take a backup, then restore the backup on a resized node?
by earlyreturns | 2025-12-15 16:54:16+00:00
As with any survey or most research really, it’s the sample the determines the finding. Homelessness is not easy to define precisely. Drug addiction, setting aside the fact that surveys are self reported, is a bit more cut and dried but from your response it’s not clear if alcohol is included, or drug history. Like if someone did some bad shrooms or had a bad acid trip and wound up homeless would that person be in the 2/3rds?