MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by paxiscivlab | 2025-12-02 13:37:01+00:00
I'm not an economist, and this isn't academic work. It's a structural attempt from someone outside your field.

*The core claim:*

Modern economics measures Capital obsessively: GDP, stock prices, quarterly earnings.

But civilization depends just as much on contributions that markets can't capture: - Infrastructure maintenance - Care work and child-rearing - Education and basic research - Community cohesion

I call this second axis *Praise* — long-term trust credit.

*The proposal:*

P-Bonds: financial instruments that channel surplus capital to social pain points and pay "interest" in Praise (measured in "bips"), not currency.

Examples: - Coastal flood protection (investment-type P-Bond) - Rural digital connectivity (recruitment-type P-Bond) - Nationwide basic income (donation-type P-Bond)

*The method:*

I wrote this with GPT as my co-author. I define the conceptual constraints, GPT drafts, I refine. 23,000 words across 4 chapters.

*What I want to know:*

Which existing theories does this resemble, extend, or contradict? - Piketty's r > g? - Ostrom's commons? - Social capital frameworks? - Something else entirely?

I'm prepared to be wrong — but I want to understand where this sits in the existing landscape.

Table of Contents: [URL]
Show HN: Netstack.fm Podcast Ep16: WebRTC and Sans IO with Martin Algesten
by gdcbe | 2025-12-02 13:37:25+00:00
We sit down with Rust developer Martin Algesten for a deep dive into WebRTC and the Sans IO approach to protocol design. Martin traces the surprising origins of WebRTC, explains why real time media over UDP is both powerful and painfully complex, and walks through how peer to peer connections work under the hood. The conversation then shifts to Sans IO design, why it matters for clean protocol implementations in Rust, and how Martin applies it in his own WebRTC stack, str0m.
by gwd | 2025-12-02 13:37:29+00:00
Right; so according to your own assessment, for the "14+14 no extensions" thing , you're always going to have have "a minority of opinionated geeks" on one side, and "a minority of massively rich entrenched interests willing to fight tooth and nail for a gold mine" on the other side. You're never going to win that one.

Whereas, for the "pay to extend copyright" thing, you have a minority of opinionated geeks and at least a little wider net of people who see the irrationality of not being able to watch a movie from 40 years ago that nobody's making any money off of any more, and politicians seeing a new source of tax revenue that doesn't affect voters; against it you have, "a minority of massively rich entrenched interests fighting for something not making them any money". There's at least a chance of winning this one.

IOW, the choice is not, "Should we have 14+14 no extensions, or should we have pay-to-extend?" The choice is, "Should we have pay-to-extend, or the status quo?"
by mark_l_watson | 2025-12-02 13:38:13+00:00
I used DeepSeek-v3.2 to solve two coding problems by pasting code and directions as one large prompt into a chat interface and it performed very well. VERY WELL!

I am still happy to pay Google because of their ecosystem or Gemini app, NotebookLM, Colab, gemini-cli, etc. Google’s moat for me is all the tooling and engineering around the models.

That said, my one year Google AI subscription ends in four months and I might try an alternative, or at least evaluate options. Alibaba Cloud looks like an interesting low cost alternative to AWS for building systems. I am now a retired ‘gentleman scientist’ now and my personal research is inexpensive no matter who I pay for inference compute, but it is fun to spend a small amount of time evaluating alternatives even though mostly using Google is time efficient.
by jqpabc123 | 2025-12-02 13:38:32+00:00
To students of tech history, though, the lack of immediate impact is normal.

To students of tech history, though, the lack of reliability inherent to AI is most definitely NOT normal for new technology widely touted as having revolutionary potential.

Maybe AI will give you a good answer and maybe it won't. Maybe, using unreliable technology creates negligence and liability issues.

Maybe, AI is the best new thing for lawyers and insurance companies.

Maybe, AI is not really an enticing game changer.
by Moomoomoo309 | 2025-12-02 13:38:57+00:00
The two cents are not literally monetary - your opinion is literally the two cents. You're contributing your understanding to the shared pot of understanding and that's represented by putting money into the pot, showing you have skin in the game. It's contributing to a larger body of knowledge by putting your small piece in - the phrases you suggest don't have that context behind them and in my opinion are worse for it. The beauty of the phrase is because the two cents are your opinion, everyone has enough, because everyone can have an opinion.

The lens through which you're analyzing the phrase is coloring how you see it negatively, and the one I'm using is doing the opposite. There is no need to change the phrase, just how it's viewed, I think.
by andrepd | 2025-12-02 13:39:15+00:00
> if someone accidentally gets a free flight to a foreign country

It's practically a vacation, you're right. I really don't know what they're complaining about /s

> think the Germans of the ‘30s would have a very different reputation if they had simply attempted to deport all the Jews...

There's no way you've just written that. I urgently suggest you to pick a history book.
by jmyeet | 2025-12-02 13:39:29+00:00
It's a mistake to view this from the perspective of productivity and whether or not someone can do their job at home or not. Clearly they can. We kept these companies alive by WFH during the pandemic. But they simply don't care.

RTO mandates are nothing more than soft layoffs. People have moved. People may not be able to come back. People may simply not want to. Some of those people will quit. And that's cheaper than a severance package.

We are in permanent layoff culture now. Why? To suppress wages and get more work for no extra compensation. 5% of the staff gets fired? The other 95% has to do their work for no extra money AND they're not demanding pay raises. Win win.

Over time profits have a tendency to shrink and the only way to maintain the insatiable appetite for increasing profits is, ultimately, by raising prices and cutting costs. I wish more people realized this is all that's going on.
by goosejuice | 2025-12-02 13:39:36+00:00
https://richardhoughten.bandcamp.com/music

https://domeniquedumont.bandcamp.com/

https://marylattimoreharpist.bandcamp.com/

https://archive.org/details/Tipper-CosmAmbientSet

https://williamtyler.bandcamp.com/

None of these artists are strictly ambient though
GraphLite: An open-source embedded graph DB with full ISO GQL support (Rust)
by alokksrivas | 2025-12-02 13:39:39+00:00
A few days ago we open-sourced GraphLite, an embedded graph database written in Rust that implements the new ISO GQL (ISO/IEC 39075:2024) standard end-to-end.

Why we built it: Graphs are quickly becoming foundational in AI workflows—GraphRAG, hybrid RAG, knowledge graphs, data lineage, agent memory, etc. But graph query languages have been fragmented for years (Cypher, SPARQL, Gremlin), which hurts portability and locks users in. With ISO GQL finally standardized, we wanted a small, embeddable, fully open implementation that anyone can build on.

What’s in GraphLite today: * Full ISO GQL 2024 support * Rust implementation memory-safe * ACID transactions, 435+ tests * No server, embeddable—Like “SQLite for graphs” * Python + Java bindings * Developed with AI-assisted coding (all PRs human-reviewed, tested, and documented)

Why We're posting here: It’s been a a few days since launch, and the community response has been energizing—100+ stars, early PRs, feature requests, and bug fixes. We have also published the Rust crates and tightened up the docs and internals.

Our long-term vision: A fully embeddable GraphRAG / HybridRAG engine built on an open standard rather than proprietary DSLs.

We’d love your feedback: * What would you want from an embedded graph database? * For those building graph-based AI workflows… what’s missing from existing tools?

We genuinely want to hear from you — design critiques, technical concerns, challenges, wishlists, all of it. So please share your thoughts with us on github, discord, or linkedIn at links below.

And if you’re interested in contributing: There’s a ton of surface area: performance layers, bindings, storage engines, examples, benchmarks, GraphRAG tooling, etc. We have good-first-issues tagged, and we’re very responsive on PRs. Early contributors can shape the project in meaningful ways.

GitHub: https://github.com/GraphLite-AI/GraphLite Discord: https://discord.gg/qMhREHB7 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/graphlite-ai/posts/?feedView=all&viewAsMember=true
by bdavisx | 2025-12-02 13:40:14+00:00
>if you can rent cheaply enough for 10-20 years the boomers will start dying in sufficient numbers that if there is somehow no reversion on home prices in the mean time there should be insufficient buyers at that point and prices will eventually fall.

You may be missing something - there's so much money flowing upwards in society that the rich/ultra-rich will simply be able to buy ALL of that real estate as it becomes available. If not ALL, then everything that's desirable.
by sevensor | 2025-12-02 13:40:23+00:00
Yeah, no discussion of this topic is complete without bringing up schema evolution. There’s a school of thought that holds this is basically impossible and the right thing to do is never ever make a breaking change. Instead, allow new fields to be absent and accept unrecognized fields always. I think this is unsustainable and hard to reason about.

I have not found it difficult to support backwards compatibility with explicit versioning, and the only justification I’ve seen for not doing it is that it’s impossible to coordinate between development teams. Which I think is an indictment of how the company is run more than anything else.
by Yizahi | 2025-12-02 13:40:23+00:00
This is objectively incorrect (with the exception of maybe corrupt courts). No court will indict you on any charge based only on "Testimonies/memories/personal experience". Not only that, a more scientifically literate judges know that even if combined real evidence plus testimony, the testimony part is extremely unreliable at >1 year old, practically useless for any factual corroboration. It's just how human mind works, basic biology. Given a few year of time any person can convince themselves of a past event which never actually happened. But a person can imagine that with a lot of details and interactions, so vivid that he/she will truly believe it. It is normal for humans.
by rolandog | 2025-12-02 13:41:00+00:00
The framing of this is, in my opinion, wrong. I'd like to be able to play unranked matches in spite of the anti-cheat system (which is probably a an anti-piracy enforcer) not working. I play games to have fun; yes, cheaters suck the fun out of matches, but so does anti-consumer "anti-cheat" software that impedes playing the actual game.
by malfist | 2025-12-02 13:41:07+00:00
I grew up around that area, and this story has serious stench of PR crafted mythical origin story. Oneida Baptist Institute is a prestigious private school, not one of those child abuse mills, we've had a governor and a state rep attend that school.

Child labor is super common around these parts, especially on family farms. I grew up working on my family's tobacco farm just like pretty much everyone else. My uncle was even nice enough one summer to give me $20 a week for weeding and bug removal from a 5 acre farm. I thought it was so much money. I remember saving up to buy those bargain bin "300 Games" type CDs at Walmart.
by kiwi-ben | 2025-12-02 13:42:56+00:00
Thanks for sharing this! (I'm one of the HW engineers helping organize this)

We are really excited to see what people can do with this. Hardcaml can look really strange if you haven't tried it before, but this is a great chance over the holidays if you're a student (or professional) writing RTL and want to give something new a try! Soon we are also going to upload a simple template to the Hardcaml GitHub to help get people started who haven’t tried it before.
by paxiscivlab | 2025-12-02 13:43:14+00:00
Author here. I'm a software engineer in Japan, and this framework was written in collaboration with GPT — I provide the structure, GPT drafts, and I refine.

I'm not an economist, so I'm especially interested in how this maps to existing theories.

Happy to answer questions if useful — though my responses might be a bit slow since I'm in a different timezone.
by dismantlethesun | 2025-12-02 13:43:49+00:00
> Corporations have hijacked a concept that should exist on human timescales.

I feel like this is true, but anytime I speak with colleagues in the arts (even UX and visual designers), they all say they are happy with copyright being lifetime of the owner + XX years. They (a) want the income for their legacy in case their products are still in use or appreciated decades later and (b) they want to control the output of their intellect.

As for the sniffling of creativity? They don't see that. If you can produce something, it's easy to only focus on the finer aspects.

An example would be software developers thinking only of code copyright as meaningfully applying to full applications but the functions that make up the codebase are just concepts easily reproduced, so it doesn't matter that technically the functions are also copyright protected.
by fweimer | 2025-12-02 13:43:57+00:00
The LLVM x86-64 ABI requires the top bits to be zero. GCC treats them as undefined. Until a recent clarification, the x86-64 psABI made the upper bits undefined by omission only, which is why I think most people followed the GCC interpretation.

https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/12579 https://groups.google.com/g/x86-64-abi/c/h7FFh30oS3s/m/Gksan... https://gitlab.com/x86-psABIs/x86-64-ABI/-/merge_requests/61
by rescbr | 2025-12-02 13:44:02+00:00
Not sure the Chinese taxpayer is footing the bill though - of course, it might not be net zero, there might be secondary effects, etc.

A few days ago I read an article saying the Chinese utilities have a pricing structure that favors high-tech industries (say, an AI data center), making the difference by charging more the energy-intensive but less sophisticated industries (an aluminium smelter, for example).

Admittedly, there are some advantages when you do central and long-term economic planning.
by psychoslave | 2025-12-02 13:44:07+00:00
People that can be taxed at several order of magnitude of wealth compared to a median income obviously didn’t work several degree of magnitude harder/longer/smarter. They more "efficiently" capture the benefits, certainly, but that’s it. And even there, mainly through network effect and pre-existing social forces.

If instead distribution of wealth was flatter in an equally wealthy society, a tax could still capture just as much.

When vladms speaks about high taxes on the rich, it already assumes the continuation of social structure which exaggerates the uneven distribution of wealth.
by mwnn | 2025-12-02 13:44:29+00:00
> support from India, including military protection

That protection is notional, and the expectation that China (their only other neighbour) is not really going to get aggressive about this peaceful tiny country, but then there’s Tibet as an example. So then why is it notional? If China were to get aggressive, we (India) will not be able to do jack about it because, hell, we couldn’t defend our own territorial claims and have been losing land to China, one outpost at a time. No, not only from the wars from decades ago, but also very recently — yeah, that means even after this omnipotent non-biological entity became our own version of the glorious leader.
by sg0pf | 2025-12-02 13:45:21+00:00
> An incredible journey is: One company buying another and closing its services down. This is a purchase of the second company’s staff, rather than their product. An acquihire.

> This is what is galling. A company that can afford to pay millions for some new staff but not for what those staff built. The people who used the service, and invested their belief and time in uploading photos, or forming friendships, or logging data, are left to find new virtual homes while their former hosts enjoy a nice (if possibly delayed) payday.

> This repeated pattern only encourages more people to create flashy services that have no hope of being sustainable businesses in their own right, but may survive long enough, with VC funding, to attract the attention of a large company eager for new ideas and staff.

The last paragraph is what gets me -- it makes sense to me found startups in hopes to be acquired (continue their work with the support of a big company), but founding with the intention to abandon your users? Yuck.
by VikingCoder | 2025-12-02 13:45:26+00:00
I like the idea I heard about taxing based on the owner's view of value.

Give 14 years free.

Every year after that, the copyright holder has to tell you how much they think the work is worth to them. Then you tax them some (smallish) percentage of that.

Or, you can run some public fund-raiser to raise the amount of money they said it was worth, pay off the copyright holder, and then the work is in the public domain.
by giantg2 | 2025-12-02 13:46:02+00:00
The outsourcing is the only real threat in your list. In the past, we have eliminated jobs in the primary (eg farming) and secondy (eg manufacturing) industries through automation and outsourcing with the goal of moving workers into higher level industries, including tertiary industries (eg software). If we are outsourcing tertiary industry jobs as well, what does that leave us?

The US outsources something like 300k jobs annually, with over half of these being IT jobs. Adding 10k IT jobs per month could change the employment numbers and economic outlook we've been seeing lately. It seems like we're in a race to the bottom. I do think AI will make things worse, economically at least, with the reduction in jobs. But this could be offset by policies promoting on-shore employment.
by nathan_douglas | 2025-12-02 13:46:18+00:00
I third MathAcademy. I graduated high school >25 years ago with almost no math skills and had a major struggle with the math prerequisites for my CS degree ~15 years ago. I've been wanting to get into higher math recently, so a few months back I started hitting MathAcademy heavily. Its structure and modularity is exactly what I needed.
by hereme888 | 2025-12-02 13:46:33+00:00
As "totalitarian" as it sounds, it actually makes sense that India's govt had to take such drastic steps. Telecom providers and smartphone manufacturers have criminally refused for decades to protect end-users, because it makes them money.

Govt can't have their population at large being scammed by criminals and do relatively nothing about it. It's a huge economic and productivity drain people seem to have "accepted as normal".

So how do you not shut down and arrest these greedy international corporations, which would disrupt a country's infrastructure, despite ongoing warnings? Force them.

To me it's akin to the US govt mandating software that allows users to report any and all spam, fully traceable to criminals and providers, whom the govt could prosecute/heavily fine 100% of the time. Dangerous 2-edged sword, but if takes down that despicable scam industry, later it can transition to a law mandating the same protection but in a privacy a preserving manner.
by akg_67 | 2025-12-02 13:46:53+00:00
I am visiting India. The app wasn’t installed automatically. I received the SMS telling me to install the app but I am using an Indian sim borrowed from a friend. So I figured I got the SMS because of Indian sim. My wife didn’t receive sms as she is using Airalo esim data service.

I didn’t know the SMS was legit or not and I just marked it as spam. The challenge I have found with mobile in India is the excess of sms spam. Also the sender is always some cryptic alphanumeric characters so authenticity is difficult to judge.
by ColinWright | 2025-12-02 13:47:21+00:00
No, that is not the case. The process does not rely on a third party.

Person A provides person B with the graph.

Person B claims to have coloured it.

Person A demands that they prove it.

Person B hides the colouring

Repeatedly:

* Person A points at an edge

* Person B reveals that the endpoints are differently coloured

* Person B re-hides the colouring and permutes the colours

If person B does not have a colouring, with probability 1 this process will fail and person A will know that person B does not have a colouring.

But if person B does have a colouring then each step will succeed, and by repeating the process person A can achieve any desired degree of confidence that person B must, indeed, have a colouring.

This process can be made digital rather than physical, and no third party need be involved. As a sketch of one step:

* Person B colours the graph

* For each vertex, person B generates a long random string, pre-pends the colour, applies a cryptographically strong hash function to that, and sends the result to A. This "Fixes and hides" the colouring

* Person A asked for two "colours" to be revealed

* Person B provide the associated "colour and random string"s, the pre-images of the requested hashes

* Person A checks the hashes and now knows the colours of those two vertices.

Should I write this up "properly"? It's already discussed elsewhere on the 'net.
by RickJWagner | 2025-12-02 13:47:59+00:00
I think there is a rising slope.

Obama was a bit dirty with things like Solyandra, but this was not huge.

Trump 1 was not as openly money grubbing, but I would guess more corrupt than Obama. Nothing specific comes to mind, though.

Biden was worse than Trump 1. The Ukrainian gas job, the business introductions, Hunters anonymous art sales, etc were next level stuff.

Trump 2 seems pretty much off the leash. He seems unrestrained on many fronts.

Looking back at history, we had scandals like the Teapot dome scandal, then things got better again. So maybe it’s cyclical.
Ask HN: How to hedge against an AI downturn?
by cranium | 2025-12-02 13:48:34+00:00
I strongly believe that markets are a bit irrational about AI stuff right now. I don't know when the bubble will burst but the blast radius will be massive, with a good chunk of the tech industry in it. Then the rest of the market will be affected as well (out of fear). At least, that's my believe and what I'd like to hedge against.

I have broad market ETFs and would like to avoid the transactions fee of de-investing everything. Also I'd like to have market exposure, just not as correlated with AI ups-and-downs.

Do you have a plan to protect your investments if/when the AI craze calms down?
by da_grift_shift | 2025-12-02 13:49:16+00:00
"NFTs show relatively small groups of tens of thousands of people can work together collectively for a common good" - Garry Tan, 23 March 2022

https://x.com/garrytan/status/1506769562468958210

"If you own an NFT..." you are an innovator among innovators. - Garry Tan, 30 September 2021 [quote tweet]

https://x.com/garrytan/status/1443460589049704450

Web3 vs Earlier incarnations technology adoption curve [image tweet]

https://x.com/garrytan/status/1521530531568963584

"airdrops going mainstream could truly upend some % of the centralized ad-based economy of Web2" - Garry Tan, 25 Dec 2021

https://x.com/garrytan/status/1474826162408808448
by BLKNSLVR | 2025-12-02 13:49:51+00:00
Yep, last couple of Windows versions I used as desktop OSs likely 7 and 8) were unlicensed and, other than making the desktop background black (sometimes) and an occasional watermark reminder that it's not legit, nothing stopped working.

And using Windows for free still didn't stop me from migrating to Linux exclusively (desktop and laptops and servers), and it's a decision I'm increasingly happy with.