MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by dceddia | 2025-12-07 16:13:53+00:00
The situation on Windows got remarkably better and cheaper recently-ish with the addition of Azure code signing. Instead of hundreds or thousands for a cert it’s $10/month, if you meet the requirements (I think the business must have existed for some number of years first, and some other things).

If you go this route I highly recommend this article, because navigating through Azure to actually set it up is like getting through a maze. https://melatonin.dev/blog/code-signing-on-windows-with-azur...
by general1465 | 2025-12-07 16:14:04+00:00
> Guy thought he was getting a chill security job at an unrealistic pay point. Clearly not the smartest

This would be worth of sympathy if this would happen in 2022/2023. This bait and switch is years old. Kenyans have access to internet, they can use google and quickly find out what happened to others who took the "job". Most of them would be found on CombatFootage, lucky ones would be found in Ukrainian channels doing interviews with POWs
by morshu9001 | 2025-12-07 16:14:12+00:00
Google gave its employees a Linux laptop option for well more than 10 years, but in the past few years they started steering everyone away from it, before formally announcing they want to scale it back.

This is despite them being a tech company, and despite them having already invested in their single Linux flavor (gLinux). Wayland migration was also a pain.
by oso2k | 2025-12-07 16:15:13+00:00
VGA color palette was 18-bits/256K, but input into the palette was 8-bit per channel. (63,63,63) is visibly different from (255,255,255).

http://qzx.com/pc-gpe/tut2.txt

http://qzx.com/pc-gpe/
by onion2k | 2025-12-07 16:15:37+00:00
The US is the most successful country in human history, as measured by the current in vogue metric of excellence, which is how much stuff (food, housing, cars, toys, etc) everyone has.

There are two kinds of wealth - private wealth and public wealth.

Private wealth is the things that you own, the money in your bank account, the car you drive, the house you live in, etc. For that kind of wealth, Americans are very well off, especially compared to the rest of the world.

Public wealth is the things that you share with others as a society, and how good those things are. It's things like the state of infrastructure, the ease of getting healthcare, the quality and safety of public spaces, how people feel when they're not in their home. For this sort of wealth America is a low way down the rankings.

Unfortunately for Americans, it's the public wealth that actually makes you happy unless you're in the 1% of the 1% who can afford to avoid public spaces entirely. If you own a luxury car but the roads are terrible that's just a reminder that your wealth can't solve all your problems. If you can afford to go to the fanciest restaurants but you're scared to wait for a cab outside afterwards, you're not going to be very happy with the meal. This is true for most aspects of life. Society needs to feel safe for people to truly feel happy.
by michallech | 2025-12-07 16:15:38+00:00
Location: Poland (US timezones OK):

Remote: Yes, ok with in-office meetings Willing to relocate: Yes for selected offers Technologies: * Go, Java, C# * PHP, Laravel * Python, Django, FastAPI, Flask * React, React Native, NodeJS, Firebase * Kubernetes, AWS, GC, Azure, Terraform, CephFS, GlusterFS, Proxmox, esxi * PyTorch, Apache Spark, Apache Airflow, Kafka * LLM Integrations: Claude, OpenAI, Gemini, Mistral, DeepSeek, routers * LLM fine-tuning, RAG/CAG, LoRA, MCP, Agentic workflows Résumé/CV: https://michallech.info/static/Michal-Lech-Resume.pdf Email: rootx.projects@gmail.com

Well rounded Full Stack Engineer (and a former CTO) who thrives in high pressure startup environments, mentor, geek and a ML/LLM researcher.
by wakawaka28 | 2025-12-07 16:15:38+00:00
Amending a commit behind HEAD is not a simple thing in general. You can have conflicts. When it can be done simply, it can be done in 2 steps with git (or less than 2, since you can amend lots of commits with one rebase). What are the 2 steps? After adding what you want, here they are:

- `git commit --fixup HEAD~3`

- `git rebase --autosquash HEAD~4`

The "less than 2 steps" part comes from fixing up more than one commit having no conflicts before the rebase. It is very common to want to stop or run test scripts at various points in the newly modified history, and rebase can trivially help you automate that (but only if you want).

Rebasing literally just does a sequence of steps in the order you specify. You can make those steps complicated, or not, without learning yet another tool. The complexity that is in the rebase tool is practically all necessary.

After using git for many years, I realize now that a lot of thought went into its design. The way it works, especially with the rebase tool, is superior to having a dozen single-purpose tools.

I don't think this particular thing is against the UNIX philosophy either. All of these operations are intimately related just like the operations that a FTP client might do. I can just imagine someone like you looking at FTP or rsync, and saying "This can be 20 different commands! Why don't they make my particular use case into its own command!" There is a place for that kind of logic, but all of the things jj supporters have proposed to me are way too niche to have their own separate commands. My commit edits are complicated, and `git rebase` makes them super simple.
by ryandrake | 2025-12-07 16:15:42+00:00
Wow. I haven't written software for Windows in over a decade. I always thought Apple was alone in its invasive treatment of developers on their platform. Windows used to be "just post the exe on your web site, and you're good to go." I guess Microsoft has finally managed to aggressively insert themselves into the distribution process there, too. Sad to see.
by mistrial9 | 2025-12-07 16:15:49+00:00
I can't cite details, but I believe that case law has settled this many times.. When a customer enters a commercial business, there are implied contracts that are enforceable.. I am thinking of restaurants first. I believe it is the responsibility of the goods and services provider to show prices accurately and honor them, and variations of that are well-understood in court. These kind of transactions are common for thousands of years in the West.
by tpoacher | 2025-12-07 16:16:42+00:00
but i suspect you're talking about tail-recursion rather than TCO specifically. Otherwise the only sensible answer is, why on earth wouldn't you want that if you could have it for free?

so as for tail recursion examples, one nice example i had in the past which made thinking about the problem a lot easier than loops, was when I was designing a 3D maze-like game. The recuraion allowed me to draw each subsequent "step" visible on the screen without having to kniw in advance hiw many steps should be visible. you just draw the "next" room at increasing vanishing distance, until you hit a "wall" (the base case). It was a very simple, elegant result for minimal code; where the equivalent loop would have been long and horrible.
by maccard | 2025-12-07 16:16:51+00:00
> IME the problem with corporate Windows laptops is often the enterprise software crap on them rather than the hardware, necessarily.

I work for a small org, the laptop was bought from Dell and shipped to me. It's running vanilla Windows 11 with OpenVPN and Windows Defender, with a decent sized dev drive. There are so many issues with it - keypresses being 10-20 seconds delayed, random window tearing/partial display updates, the machine deciding to ignore sleep and just dying while the lid is closed. These aren't things that will be solved by replacing the SSD, or the RAM, they're likely CPU (and as a result motherboard) replacements.

> Also, an 8 GB RAM upgrade makes little sense nowadays but a 16 -> 48 GB or 32 -> 64 GB or 32 -> 96 GB upgrade can actually make an otherwise reasonable device better if the amount of RAM becomes a bottleneck.

There's practically no devices (framework is the only one that comes to mind) that will ship with that little RAM and allow an upgrade by that much, even in the desktop space. My 2015 Macbook pro (the device before this) has 16GB RAM , giving it an extra 32GB isn't really going to help it much, the problem is that it's "i7" is an order of magnitude slower than a 3/4 year old replacement device (and ironically probably closer to the Intel® Core™ Ultra 7 258V which is in my work machine)
by squirrel | 2025-12-07 16:17:06+00:00
Amazingly, no one seems to have actually checked that this picture was really "circulating on social media". I've been investigating for the past hour or so and can't locate a single public post or reference anywhere other than reposts of the BBC article.

Typically, postings that gain traction have many many reposts and though some may be deleted, there's a long tail of reverberation left behind. I can't find that at all here.

I wonder if the hoaxer just emailed it to Network Rail directly?
by _fat_santa | 2025-12-07 16:17:13+00:00
I experienced this first hand maybe a year ago when I randomly walked into a dollar general to get something, their prices often times are pretty close to the "regular" versions of the product, but packaged specifically for dollar stores.

I get why people shop at them in rural places because that's the only shop within 10-20 miles but in cities it makes no sense. Had prices been 20-30% cheaper but in a smaller size it would still be a ripoff but an understandable one, but often times I saw products that were priced just 3-5% below their standard counterparts while giving you maybe 30%-50% of the product.
by jjk166 | 2025-12-07 16:17:17+00:00
2025 GDP growth for Poland is projected for 3.2 to 3.8%; for Ireland it's projected to be 10 to 11%. Poland's unemployment rate is up in 2025 from 2019, Ireland's is down. Poland's crime rate remained relatively constant in the period from 2018 to 2021 at .71 per 100k while Ireland's dropped over the same period from .81 to .44 per 100k.
by Taek | 2025-12-07 16:17:31+00:00
Oh for sure. Why are movies scattered all over oblivion? Because there's no simple marketplace for licensing movies, it's a closed market that requires doing lots of behind-the-scenes deals. Healthcare? Only specific providers can make medical equipment, tons of red tape, opaque billing structures, insurance locked out in weird ways, etc.

To understand how healthy a market is, ask 'how easily could a brand new startup innovate in this area'. If the answer is 'not easy at all' - then that thing is going to be expensive, rent seeking, and actively distorting incentives to make itself more money.
by sunrunner | 2025-12-07 16:18:03+00:00
> A test I like to use for whether two things are actually or just incidentally related is to think about “if I repeat this, and then change one but not the other, what breaks?”

I really like this question as a way of figuring out whether things happen to look the same or actually should be the same for correctness, plus it feels like it should be an easy question to answer concretely without leading you down the path of 'Well we might need this as a common component in the future'.

I also think you can frame it as a same value or same identity type question.
by loph | 2025-12-07 16:19:09+00:00
IMHO, "tech optimism" reached its peak in 1969 when Armstrong and Aldrin landed on the Moon.

We watched them walk on the Moon on live TV.

After seeing them perform that impossible feat, it seemed like we could use technology to do anything.

As far as the Digital and/or Internet revolutions, the changes have been so fast and widespread that people have not come to terms with them, at least I haven't, and I've been pretty deep into both.

My particular concerns are around atrophy of basic skills (reading, research, writing, etc.,) the authenticity/trustworthiness of "knowledge" obtained from various Internet sources (misinformation, fake news, deep fakes,) and lack of personal contact and interaction in a world where peoples' only connection to others is through a screen (fakebook, instagram, tiktok, etc..)

AI is not going to make any of those any better.

I would not describe my feelings as "dismay" or "fear" but rather of "extreme caution" -- if that makes any sense.

With that said, I'm going to step away from this computer and go play with my dog.
by impossiblefork | 2025-12-07 16:19:26+00:00
You can't let nukes constrain you.

It's like somebody pointing a gun at and saying "eat this horrible snail, or I'll shoot you", but there's the possibility that if you eat the snail, he'll shoot you anyway and then you'll die having eaten the snail.

Therefore, as long as you have a second strike capability threats are irrelevant.

Everybody who has a reasonable number of nukes can erase himself and his enemy. That is his business and he can do so independently of what we choose to do. Consequently it's something we can't care about.
by bgwalter | 2025-12-07 16:19:34+00:00
Joyent took funding from Peter Thiel. I have not seen attacks from Cantrill against Thiel for his political opinions, so he just punches down for street cred and goes against those he considers expendable.

What about Oxide? Oxide is funded by Eclipse ventures, which now installed a Trump friendly person:

https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/vc-firm-eclipse-tap...
by sdoering | 2025-12-07 16:19:55+00:00
Yeah - for a lot of people deduplication would probably make sense. I have - for example - four feeds on my private page (blog posts, quotes, photo-galleries and a roll-up feed containing everything). So whenever I post anything, two of those feeds get populated. But I wanted to give people the option to only subscribe to the categories of content, they are interested in.
by klipt | 2025-12-07 16:19:57+00:00
LUKE: Is Perl better than Python?

YODA: No... no... no. Quicker, easier, more seductive.

LUKE: But how will I know why Python is better than Perl?

YODA: You will know. When your code you try to read six months from now.

https://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonCdFun
by pilotneko | 2025-12-07 16:20:21+00:00
Dollar General and Family Dollar are smaller stores that are generally the only option within a reasonable travel distance. Here in the South, you might be able to catch a bus to Wal-Mart, but it’ll take 2-3X more time (1 hour instead of 20 minutes), so people go with the closer option even thought it is more expensive. No guarantees that Wal-Mart will be cheaper either.
by pron | 2025-12-07 16:20:24+00:00
That is not, cannot be, and shouldn't be, the bar for peer review. There are two major differences between it and code review:

1. A patch is self-contained and applies to a codebase you have just as much access to as the author. A paper, on the other hand, is just the tip of the iceberg of research work, especially if there is some experiment or data collection involved. The reviewer does not have access to, say, videos of how the data was collected (and even if they did, they don't have the time to review all of that material).

2. The software is also self-contained. That's "prodcution". But a scientific paper does not necessarily aim to represent scientific consensus, but a finding by a particular team of researchers. If a paper's conclusions are wrong, it's expected that it will be refuted by another paper.
by p2detar | 2025-12-07 16:20:24+00:00
> Would there be enough independent developers to review millions of lines of code, patch out any back doors, or fork and maintain an entirely separate projects, since none of the government protects can be trusted

That’s not far from how it is right now in OSS, even without governments in the chain. For example: how the xz back door was found: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XZ_Utils_backdoor
by parpfish | 2025-12-07 16:21:19+00:00
it'd be nice if there was an attempt to give an example of what kind of powers moving into 3d-lispland allows instead of just saying that it's beyond the comprehension of the 2d-planar programmers.

because, i guarantee that it's not beyond our comprehension. at some point the author was a 2d-er that read/did something and had their understanding expanded. so... do that for us
by chem83 | 2025-12-07 16:21:31+00:00
The gaming laptops that have been made a bit less game-y without the RGBs and thick chassis turned out to be the sweet spot for me. Some compromises here and there, sure, but they mostly have the hardware I want. Asus has a good line up that works very well with Linux from 13 to 16 inches, all with dGPUs, AMD CPU (though Intel is also there), high-refresh rate OLEDs etc.
by kzrdude | 2025-12-07 16:21:44+00:00
I don't think hotspots can be said to have different composition. But if the hotspot is under a continent or an ocean plate makes a difference for the type of eruptions. Hawaii is in the middle of an ocean plate, no continental crust there. So we get a basaltic eruption (comparatively lower silica content, low viscosity lava).
by mapontosevenths | 2025-12-07 16:22:05+00:00
> That tradeoff only makes sense, when you don't trust and control the OS itself.

That's totally accurate, but you're missing the fact that we fundamentally don't (and can never) trust the OS or any other part of a general purpose computer.

In general purpose computing you have a version of Descartes brain in a vat problem (or maybe Plato's allegory of the cave if you want to go even further back).

https://iep.utm.edu/brain-in-a-vat-argument/

To summarize: We can't trust the inputs even if the OS is trusted, and if the OS is trusted can't trust the compiler, and even if we trust the compiler we can't trust the firmware, but even if we trust the firmware we can't trust the chips it runs on, and even if we trust those chips we can't trust the supply chain, etc. "Trust" is fundamentally unsolvable for any Turing machine, because all trust does is move the issue further down the supply chain.

I know this all sounds a bit hypothetical, but it's not. I can show you a real world example of every one of those things having been compromised in the past. When there is money or lives at stake people will find a way, and both things are definitely at stake here.

So what we have to do is trust, but verify, or at the very least log everything that happens and that's largely what those EDR products exist to do. Maybe we can't stop every attack, even in theory, but we take a crack at it and while we're at it we can log every attack to ensure that we can at least catch it later.

There just isn't any version of this world in which general purpose computers don't require monitoring, logging, and exploit prevention.
by Ambolia | 2025-12-07 16:22:59+00:00
Energy usage per capita peaked in america in the 1970s[1]. After that, maybe there were efficiency gains, but by using more energy you get crazy progress in the early 20th century, like doing 100x or 1000x more work per person. With efficiency gains I doubt you'll even get 2x the work in most cases.

There's also the Productivity Paradox[2] where progress in IT (computers, internet, ...) didn't translate on higher productivity in society. There's different theories about this, like it being caused by the change from industrial economy to a service economy.

[1] https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2013/04/10/176801719/two-...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity_paradox
by bcantrill | 2025-12-07 16:22:59+00:00
The em-dash alone is not an LLM-reveal -- it's how the em-dash is used to pace a sentence. In my experience, with an LLM, em-dashes are used to even pacing; for humans (and certainly, for me!), the em-dash is used to deliberately change pacing -- to introduce a pause (like that one!), followed by a bit of a (metaphorical) punch. The goal is to have you read the sentence as I would read it -- and I think if you have heard me speak, you can hear me in my writing.
by itsdrewmiller | 2025-12-07 16:23:33+00:00
Every store has some stuff that is overpriced compared to peers and some stuff that is underpriced. Dollar stores make their money more on drastic understaffing (leading to the issue in the article) and national scale than they do on being a consistently worse value. They have the cheapest freeze dried strawberries by weight you can get anywhere other than making them yourself.
by wakawaka28 | 2025-12-07 16:23:59+00:00
Lol you could just say you disagree. Is it SO alien to you that users of the most popular VCS in the world might like it the way it is? After arguing with you guys, the only deep fact coming through is that people like you get irrationally optimistic about new tools, after the old favorite doesn't appeal to you for some reason.
by TobbenTM | 2025-12-07 16:24:25+00:00
You certainly don't need a hardware token, you can store it in any FIPS 140 Level 2+ stores. This includes stuff like Azure KeyVault and AWS KMS.

Azure Trusted Signing is 100% the best choice, but if for whatever reason you cannot use it, you can still use your own cloud store and hook in the signing tools. I wrote an article on using AWS KMS earlier this year: https://moonbase.sh/articles/signing-windows-binaries-using-...

TLDR: Doing this yourself requires a ~400-500$/year EV cert and miniscule cloud costs
by tpoacher | 2025-12-07 16:25:17+00:00
I do too, but this is a conference, I doubt code was provided.

And even then, what you're describing isn't review per se, it's replication. In principle there are entire journals that one can submit replication reports to, which count as actual peer reviewable publications in themselves. So one needs to be pragmatic with what is expected from a peer review (especially given the imbalance between resources invested to create one versus the lack of resources offered and lack of any meaningful reward)
Ask HN: Why don't GPU/TPU manufacturers commoditize their RAM complement
by DoctorOetker | 2025-12-07 16:25:23+00:00
Wouldn't say nvidia sell more GPU's if RAM prices were lowered? What prevents them from buying up IP / RAM fab labs and commoditizing the blueprints for its manufacture? Perhaps to the public at large, or perhaps just relicensing it for very low prices to entities in friendly nations?
by watwut | 2025-12-07 16:26:13+00:00
Peer review was never supposed to check every single detail and every single citation. They are not proof readers. They are not even really supposed to agree or disagree with your results. They should check the soundness of a method, general structure of a paper, that sort of thing. They do catch some errors, but the expectation is not to do another independent study or something.

Passed peer review is the first basic bar that has to be cleared. It was never supposed to be all there is to the science.
by dmix | 2025-12-07 16:26:55+00:00
> The Transformer architecture revolutionized sequence modeling with its introduction of attention, a mechanism by which models look back at earlier inputs to prioritize relevant input data

I've always wanted to read how something like Cursor manages memory. It seems to have developed a long history of all of prompts and understands both the codebase and what I'm building slightly more over time, causing less errors.
by baby_souffle | 2025-12-07 16:27:35+00:00
Bit of both, really. There are some common techniques that would be a lot simpler or more robust if terraform would support variables and expressions like lambdas in more places (tofu is getting there…) but it’s also a failure to realize that terraform is ,rant to composite many small modules together and not just pass 150 different inputs into an Omni module.
by CGMthrowaway | 2025-12-07 16:27:51+00:00
Low viscosity is due to the LOW silica content. Tectonic setting is the primary factor determining the magma's final composition (basaltic) and therefore its physical properties (low silica, low viscosity). The gentle nature of Hawaiian volcanism is a direct result of its basaltic magma, which it has because the hotspot is located under thin, basaltic oceanic crust