MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by mananaysiempre | 2025-11-03 12:57:28+00:00
Windows NT was always capable of what Microsoft calls “POSIX delete semantics” (the POSIX compatibility layer was in the design doc since before the name change from “NT OS/2”), but some years ago the default for the Win32 call DeleteFile actually changed to take advantage of that (causing some breakage in applications, but apparently not a lot of it).
by lelanthran | 2025-11-03 12:58:06+00:00
> A code of conduct is a form of checks and balances, and code of conduct violation processes serve as processes to collect and present objectively verifiable paper trails of exactly when snd how those maintainers failed to human, and how bad at it they were.

That's the opposite goal; the CoC is to be as broad as possible while still being as vague as possible.

It's a tool that has been repeatedly weaponised against the out-group by the in-group - there is never any sense of even-handed usage of a CoC against the community.
by testdelacc1 | 2025-11-03 12:58:54+00:00
I’m not disagreeing, but do the AI companies want cash? If their main expenditure is infra, maybe they’re only seeking investment from AWS/Azure/GCP etc. How would an extra billion from the Saudis buy them that a billion from Amazon wouldn’t?

I’m not a fan of round tripping by any means. Just wondering if what you’re saying is true.
by swatson741 | 2025-11-03 13:00:02+00:00
Norvig actually did comment on this publicly once on the Lex Friedman podcast. Basically what he said was that lisp ended up not working well for larger software projects with 5 or more people on them, and the reason why they never used lisp in any of their books again was because students didn't like lisp. Norvig doesn't seem to get why students didn't like lisp, and neither do I but somehow this is the real reason why it was abandoned.

https://youtu.be/_VPxEcT_Adc?t=2690
by susam | 2025-11-03 13:01:15+00:00
In case anyone wants to look at actual numbers about how much KaTeX weighs for a simple mathematics page: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44614133

Quoting the relevant part from that link:

katex.min.css 23.6 kB katex.min.js 277.0 kB auto-render.min.js 3.7 kB KaTeX_Main-Regular.woff2 26.5 kB KaTeX_Main-Italic.woff2 16.7 kB ---------------------------------- Total Additional 347.5 kB

Of course, if the page uses more symbols in various sizes, then a few more fonts files (.woff2) need to be pulled in which case the weight of KaTeX would increase a bit too. Each font file weighs between 4 kB and 28 kB.
by Libidinalecon | 2025-11-03 13:01:39+00:00
I got into following the markets around the time of the housing bubble and everything I read at the time said their was a housing bubble.

I think the properties of a true bubble mean that it is not irrational to invest in the bubble and that is a part of what causes the bubble. If your neighbor makes $100k flipping a house and has no special skills above yourself then it is not irrational to also try to flip a house.

This bubble especially has that property. Like Zuckerberg has said there is a big risk of not taking enough risk on something like AGI or super intelligence. That is a perfectly rational position but that is exactly the self reinforcing nature of a speculative bubble.

I also don't think in general a bubble is fundamentally hard to spot. It is hard to profit though from the bubble bursting because of the self reinforcing process at play that you have to bet against.
by a96 | 2025-11-03 13:01:44+00:00
The goalposts were that "school doesn’t teach you (not even high school) is how to manage your personal finances." is a myth. It doesn't matter if there's no class or the class is useless, the statement is almost as true in either case. Students don't learn personal finance in school. They particularly don't learn practical investment as a way to manage their savings.

And for many of us, financial education, if there was any, was probably from boomers going "debt bad! credit bad! get a job and make money!".
by pqtyw | 2025-11-03 13:02:07+00:00
The initial conquests and the immediate atrocities that followed them (arguably the worst period) were mainly quasi private enterprises. The state even tried to reign them in to some extent due to significant social/religious pressure at home. Of course that was largely superficial and hardly enforced after boatloads of silver and gold started arriving.

The priests and missionaries that followed them were likely the group that was most sympathetic to the natives (of course only in relative terms compared to the "conquistadors" which is a very low standard).
by vasco | 2025-11-03 13:02:38+00:00
You're being downvoted probably because hn is too sensitive to you calling me judgy but you have a good point. It's hard to write about this without sounding weird, and I guess if I wanted to write about what makes a good party I'd also sound weird. I guess my point was more about the mindset of how you even think about the thing. For me it just "is", and that's a good part of why it works. I wouldn't want to think everyone at the party is focused on maximizing the fun instead of, you know, just naturally having fun.

Like imagine if during sex you think your partner is just meta-thinking about giving you a good experience - they should just be enjoying and so should you. To me this example makes it more visceral but upon reflection I'm just making a basic "live in the moment" cliche.
by Insanity | 2025-11-03 13:03:10+00:00
My partner is Chinese and so we get Chinese (and bread-like products from other Asian countries) quite often.

In my opinion, it’s tasty but also not quite what I would expect bread to be like, mainly because it’s so soft. It is a running joke between us that Chinese teeth can’t chew through European bread (like an actual French baguette).

But agreed, Chinese bread > American bread for flavor at least!
by TulioKBR | 2025-11-03 13:03:16+00:00
Great Question,Thanks.

*CIG Protocol v2.0 improves on state-of-the-art in 3 critical ways:*

*1. Predictive Dependency Resolution (85% fewer pauses)* Current approaches pause generation when dependencies are missing. CIG v2.0 analyzes the entire dependency graph before generation - detects circular dependencies, calculates critical paths, and auto-optimizes generation order. Result: 60-90% speed improvement.

*2. Progressive Type Inference instead of Hard Stops* Traditional generators halt on unknown types. CIG v2.0 infers types progressively across 4 phases (basic literals → contextual → patterns → refinement), with smart fallbacks that maintain code compilability. Confidence scoring tells developers which inferences need validation.

*3. Contract Evolution Tracking (Breaking Changes Before Compilation)* When an interface changes, CIG v2.0 automatically: - Detects breaking changes before compilation - Generates migration adapters - Notifies affected consumers - Calculates rollout strategies

This eliminates the "update hell" phase that costs weeks in enterprise projects.

*Bonus: Cognitive Learning Loop* CIG learns from manual corrections, identifies recurring error patterns, and auto-adjusts generation rules. We've measured 15-20% quality improvement per month on the same codebase.

Zero compilation errors is just baseline. CIG v2.0 is about *preventing the entire class of dependency/type/integration problems* that slow enterprise development by 300-400%.

Demo: 48h to generate 100 enterprise components (zero errors, 172 unit tests, 0 manual type definitions).
by AtlasBarfed | 2025-11-03 13:03:34+00:00
One of my fundamental criticisms of Elon musk performance as a CEO. The vast stock market price and valuation should enable these sorts of transactions.

It would enable Tesla to diversify operations move into applying its technology on a mass-market basis to hybrids without "damaging" the "purity" of the Tesla brand.

It would enable more marques to target specific economic bands, international markets, etc.

But no we basically have a car company that makes two cars.
by enriquto | 2025-11-03 13:03:45+00:00
> X11's practical absence of any security mechanisms for user sessions means you should probably not run any kind of low-trust UI program

This has nothing to do with X11 or even UI at all. You should not run any low-trust program whatsoever (outside of a container). Any program that runs as your user can change your ~/.bashrc or any other file on your homedir.

Of course this is a feature that you want, for example when you edit these files with a text editor.
by Atreiden | 2025-11-03 13:04:23+00:00
This is the job of tech leadership IMO. People respond to incentive changes. If these items are properly prioritized on the roadmap, and credit and recognition follows tech debt remediation efforts to a similar degree as feature delivery, the work can be done.

But this requires strong tech leadership who can interface well with the C Suite and get buy-in for delaying in feature delivery. In the absence of this buy-in, you pretty much need to control the narrative and create a rogue skunkworks initiative to wrap these improvements _into_ the feature delivery.

Many companies don't have strong tech leadership though, and will perpetually churn VPs and Directors, forever chasing A Change without addressing the culture and incentive system that created that culture.
by lalitmaganti | 2025-11-03 13:04:28+00:00
> Yes I know, I used to work on Android ;)

Ahhhh good to know :D

> If it would help, I am of course happy to file bugs and also make simple fixes :)

Please yes do file bugs! It's so useful to have these things tracked: I think you've already given several great pieces of feedback in your comment, it would be really nice to have this tracked.

Doubly so if you have screenshots/videos/descriptions of other profilers (e.g. instruments) and how they do things so we can learn from their UX as well!

And of course, if you're willing to contribute, we would love to have them! We have a decent contributor base today but it's something I want to continue growing and investing in over time!

> can do something like get an "activity view" (like the stack that shows how many tasks are active) across all tracks

I think you're asking for basically the same as what https://github.com/google/perfetto/issues/3463 is asking for if I'm not mistaken? That will do it per-group (i.e. per process for the JSON format). Or do you actually want something global across all processes? I think we could do that, maybe hidden behind a command?

> across all tracks, or quickly select the region between two spans

I think you're asking for https://github.com/google/perfetto/issues/154!

> pin a whole process (rather than just a thread)

Makes sense, please file a bug!

> especially since I can't really right-click anything which is what I typically do when looking for features

There are some philosophical differences in the Perfetto team about "right clicking" :) I'm pro having it as an additional discovery mechanism but others feel it's a sign of bad UI/UX. Some commentary from users might help break ties!
by geekamongus | 2025-11-03 13:04:44+00:00
> OpenAI is tracking toward achieving an intern-level research assistant by September 2026 and a fully automated “legitimate AI researcher” by 2028, CEO Sam Altman said during a livestream Tuesday.

How do you measure the difference between intern-level and "legitimate" level researchers, and why aren't interns legitimate? This sounds kinda made up to me.
by rs186 | 2025-11-03 13:05:04+00:00
I used to always think like that and try to come up with these excuses.

Until I read the story about how Steve Jobs was mad about the fact that Mac was slow to start and asked teams to fix it. Surprise, they fixed it.

And it's not like nobody could say anything at Microsoft. Someone on HN posted this email (originally from a different website):

https://www.techemails.com/p/bill-gates-tries-to-install-mov...

However, my guess is that this email got nowhere, because the experience of using Windows isn't so different decades later.

What this means is that 1) Microsoft is first and foremost a business oriented company, and what matters to them most is feature set, compatibility, support etc. As long as things mostly work, it's fine. Usability is at the bottom of the list. 2) Windows is just not important to Microsoft any more.

I bet that Satya Nadella has grumbles about bugs and ads in Windows 11, and likely has run into this specific bug first hand. But when he decides that "ads revenue trumps everything" and "these are just small bugs that don't really matter", he immediately forgets about it all.
by StarGrit | 2025-11-03 13:07:15+00:00
> London has pretty much a bit of everything. And even next door boroughs can be polar opposites.

People say this in defence of the city. But I was an occasional visitor (usually seeing Uni mates). My experience as someone that occasionally used to visit to see friends was usually awful and expensive.

Just getting in an out of the city is generally difficult on public transport. It is like a 3 hour train ride and then another hour or two on the underground. Driving used to be OK (I've done it twice), but I've heard it has got worse.

I've been in London quite a bit during my 20s and 30s. I hate the place and I never went back after 2018.

- It is really expensive. This is coming from someone that grew up in Dorset (which is known for being expensive).

- People are constantly rude and aggressive. Usually there is like no reason for it.

- I had to pay a fine on the underground even though I had the London Travel for car for it (forgot what it was called now). I was treated as a criminal and forced to pay a fine on the spot. It was total BS.

- I got fined for getting lost and driving down the wrong street. I was less than 1 minute on that road before I realised my mistake and got a £80 fine. Also total BS.

- I had a man scream in my face because I went in the wrong lane at a junction.

- Had some guy rapping his Grime single presumably to sell CDs / iTunes album. I thought I was in a skit. Everyone was just waiting for the dude to shut up. Everyone had that look on their face of "not this shit again", as if it happens often.

- I had a man try to mug me in a Train station (Euston).

After that last incident decided, I am not ever going back to London.

> I don't think anyone can go London and think it is all bad unless you just don't like urban places.

London is awful. I used live in Dorset/Hampshire, every weekend there is literally an exodus from London to Hampshire and Dorset. Half the people I work with that go to London for work, hate it. So, it isn't just me.

I've lived in Southampton, Manchester, Leeds and Sheffield (I used to travel a lot for work as a contractor / consultant) and while I wouldn't live in those places now, I don't hate them.
by silexia | 2025-11-03 13:07:21+00:00
AGI has a greater than zero probability of ending the human species and many other species on Earth. Many AI leaders have estimated that probability as high as one third or one half.

I am a libertarian, but the only real solution I see is a single global government that is extraordinarily powerful and opposed to all technological development. Probably not going to happen, hence there is a very high probability we all die.
by jillesvangurp | 2025-11-03 13:08:10+00:00
That's true for any content or request coming from the user. If it's not signed by a trusted party, you should not trust it and instead validate whatever you receive. It doesn't matter whether a client side database, a cookie, a file, or indeed the url was used.

Urls are kind of convenient for a lot of things like form parameters, #link into an app or page, etc. That's state. Adding a bit more state via json in a parameter or whatever is about as old as the web is. Mostly, url length restrictions are still a bit of a problem but you need really long urls these days to hit those with most browsers. But aside from that, it's just another way to store stuff between requests.
by leado | 2025-11-03 13:08:20+00:00
Hey HN

I’m Alex, a solo founder. I built Leado after getting frustrated with traditional lead generation — cold emails, scraping, and endless DMs that never convert.

Leado helps founders and marketers find warm, high-intent leads from real conversations happening online. Instead of spamming cold prospects, it listens to what people are already talking about — their pain points, tool recommendations, and buying intent — and helps you engage naturally.

What it does:

Finds conversations where people are actively asking for solutions you offer

Surfaces buying signals and organizes them into a clean dashboard

Suggests natural, context-aware replies to build trust (not spam)

Includes content templates to start your own discussions that drive inbound leads

I built it to solve my own problem — I was spending hours every week manually searching communities for relevant posts. Now it’s fully automated, and the feedback so far from early users has been really motivating.

I’d love your thoughts — especially from other founders doing lead generation, community-based marketing, or growth experiments.

https://leado.co
by nticompass | 2025-11-03 13:08:26+00:00
Do you mean "metaverse" as just a avatar-based game (like Second Life), do you mean that you'll link with what Facebook/Meta is calling the "metaverse," or do you mean adding other "web3" based things like blockchain/NFTs?

I know people who still play VR Chat (does that count as a "metaverse" game?), but they don't actually use VR since they don't have the room for nor can afford a VR headset. I don't know of any other "metaverse" games or anyone who plays them, though.

I think Facebook', I mean Meta's, idea of the "metavese" is dead, but there may be a spot for something new. I'm not one to discourage anyone from making something, so if you think you have a unique idea, why not go for it? Though, I don't know how many people have VR headsets and I'd say no one wants a blockchain/NFT game (I'm going to say "web3" is pretty much dead).
by pjmlp | 2025-11-03 13:09:04+00:00
Which on my eyes renders it into a useless academic exercise, regardless of how well renowned the people behind TLA+ happen to be.

Scenario proof modeling that is bound to human translation errors is as useful in practice, as doing PowerPoint driven software architecture.

Every step of the flow requires an expert on TLA+, the actual programming language and frameworks being used, to manually validate everything still means exactly the same across all layers.
by meesles | 2025-11-03 13:09:33+00:00
#4 has been tough for me - I take it semi-personally, as a sign of disrespect. I get that everyone has things going on. That said committing to an event where the host spends time + money to prepare forand then not going just seems so rude to me.

I try not to give folks a hard time, but after a couple strikes I just won't invite them anymore. It's not worth accomodating people who regularly flake, they can hang out with other flakes.
by anonymars | 2025-11-03 13:10:50+00:00
Briefly: it can (see e.g https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20130102-00/?p=56...)

Note that just replacing files on disk is not sufficient because all the running software would still have the old version.

In the first place it means the security issue could still be present in currently running software, in the second place exciting things can happen when two (or more?!) different versions try to talk to each other. Oh, and who's to say the whole file was fully loaded into memory (or wasn't partially paged out) - imagine the fun that would happen if you later page in data from a different version of the binary!

So you need to hot patch the running binaries. I don't really remember why it's not done in practice even though it's technically possible, I seem to remember the conclusion was that clustering (in whatever form) was the solution for high availability, rather than trying to keep a single machine running.
by 0xEF | 2025-11-03 13:11:38+00:00
> Well at the moment you have to power, house and protect an entire Windows PC...

In the case of this specific product, the customer supplies their own PC and we supply the software for it. No matter how you cut the mustard, it's not an ideal setup in my eyes. It's rare to see them us an existing PC that serves more than one purpose on these machines. What I usually see them do is buy a cheap Windows laptop and have that running next to the machine. So, as I mentioned, if I can eliminate the need for a separate PC at all, that's a step forward.

I'm currently exploring the Pi 5 idea, too. I've only been with the company for a few years, but this design was made about 15 years ago? The speed of getting them to change anything, especially when what they've been doing has been working, is glacial, at best, even though they're a small company with the potential to be pretty agile. I have a Pi 5 in-house right now with Windows 10 on it (courtesy of https://github.com/Botspot/bvm) as a sort of proof-of-concept that we would not even have to port our software to work on a different platform, but it's in the corner of my workroom collecting dust due to their lack of interest. Some days, I'm not sure why I try.

I see another commenter pointed out some Seeed boards that was not aware of, so I guess it's not that the options never existed, but more so the higher-ups aren't all that interested in changing something for the sake of future-proofing or being more efficient and cost-effective. This is, unfortunately, an extremely common problem in industrial automation. That and, as much as I try to keep up, I'm also admittedly not fully cognizant of all the SBC/microcontroller options out there, so I appreciate discussions like this.
by johnnyanmac | 2025-11-03 13:11:54+00:00
House parties are more common in America, so that may be a big reason. A party in that context isn't just about gathering people, it's bringing people into your own living space to be judged upon.

And of course, many US gatherings are also means to move up the social ladder. Meeting new connections, finding mates, or getting intel on an area. Very capitalistic oriented.
by harshaw | 2025-11-03 13:12:00+00:00
If I were to summarize how we attacked this when I was on AWS (different team)

formal methods. Some of this started a long time ago so not sure if it was TLA, TLA+, or something else. (I am a useless manager type)

fake clients / servers to make testing possible

strict invariants

A simulator to fuzz/fault the entire system. We didn't get this until later in the life of the service but flushed out race condition bugs that would have taken years to do.

We never got to replaying customer traffic patterns which was a pet idea of mine but probably the juice wasn't worth the squeeze.
by pqtyw | 2025-11-03 13:12:09+00:00
Relatively (adjusted by area and duration) not that many people from Spain moved to the Americas between 1500 and ~1800, especially compared to the British colonies in North America.

So they couldn't murder/expel (unlike the British/American colonists) most of the native population (especially considering that North America was much less densely inhabited to begin with) if they wanted someone to work in the mines and plantation (again relatively not that many slaves were imported to the mainland colonies as well).

France was similar (except they struggled even more with getting enough people to move to the colonies).
by GuB-42 | 2025-11-03 13:12:31+00:00
That the thing I miss the most from Facebook. I mean, it still exists, but back then, almost everybody used Facebook, and for actual two-way communication, not for following "influencers" or trying to be one. And that was the true value, the features are nothing special, but the networking effect was unmatched.

It means you could make your invitation on Facebook and everyone was on it, with maybe a few exceptions that could be dealt with separately.

Serendipity is nice, but if you are the host, you need to at least get an idea of how many people will be there. And while we may all be friends, things can get tricky when you start inviting friends of friends.