MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by mr_mitm | 2025-11-24 09:36:03+00:00
> Dr. Qiujiang Lu is an independent researcher and software developer in Silicon Valley whose work has re-created the imaginary unit in real life from first principles, which remained unknown for 500 years since the inception.

Sounds grand. A bit too grand, perhaps. Does anyone know what he's alluding to? ELI am a physicist.
by mitchell209 | 2025-11-24 09:36:48+00:00
Out of the box on CachyOS with KDE Plasma, I don't even have windows remembering their positions across a multi-monitor setup. That was shocking to experience with a current-day DE. And I believe it's not KDE's fault specifically but Wayland not having that feature yet, but that makes 0 difference to the user. If OP is hesitant to switch because of superficial hardware complaints, they're going to have a hell of a time actually using it as their main operating system for any significant amount of time.
by hakanderyal | 2025-11-24 09:37:08+00:00
This mentality is the biggest part of the problem. "Lack of discipline", hah!

With ADHD, with autism spectrum, whenever you label something that's caused by a different brain wiring, something that's caused by something pyhsical in the brain, you are doing unspeakable level of harm to those people suffering. I know, I'm one of them, I suffered from this mentality for 30 years.

If you can "fix" your difficulty with contentrating with "discipline", all the more power to you. Don't assume it's the same with everyone else.

Medicating vs not medicating is a worthy topic to talk about. Labeling the hardness people face as a lack of discipline is just cruelty, whether it stems from ignorance or lack of knowledge.
by cryptonym | 2025-11-24 09:37:18+00:00
People are ready to switch to third party but such plan comes at cost.

Instant switch means really high cost (two contracts) and also maintaining and testing it regularly. Also means you are limited on advanced features and most likely stick to basic features, reducing your ROI.

Most people are ok with a switch that would take days to weeks, reimplementing basic stuff during initial migration, then iterating on more advanced features. You run at risk to be down for hours to days. The cost of 2N or 2N+1 vendors is just too high to justify it.
by eagleislandsong | 2025-11-24 09:37:43+00:00
> not something that can reassure China's neighbors that this is where its desire of expansion will stop

May I ask if you actually live in one of these neighbouring countries? I do -- in fact I have lived in more than one -- and I can assure you that many/most people living in these areas outside of the Western media bubble absolutely do not share your view.

From the CCP's (and many Chinese people's) perspective:

1) the U.S. repeatedly interfered in the CCP's/KMT's attempts to resolve the civil war -- see e.g. the First and Second Taiwan Strait Crises (during which the PRC shelled Taiwan), Project National Glory (the ROC's plan to reconquer the mainland) -- preventing the mainland and Taiwan from reunification;

2) the Taiwanese government has lost the civil war, and the loser doesn't get to set the terms.

Pretending that the PRC's interest in Taiwan isn't special is to ignore extremely crucial historical circumstances that are core to understanding the situation today. Regardless of what you think of the PRC's stance on reunification, their desire to reunify doesn't exist in a vacuum, and it takes ahistorical leaps of reasoning to suggest that the PRC might want to annex South Korea, Japan, Vietnam, the Philippines, etc. next.

> only during the last few centuries

This is way more than enough time to drastically transform the culture of a society. Taiwan today is culturally much more similar to the PRC than it is to the West. In some aspects it is also similar to Japan, despite the fact that Japan colonised it for "only" 50 years.
by normaler | 2025-11-24 09:38:41+00:00
My mother is very similar to what you have described and mimicks some reponses of her to her ADHD situation pre-diagnosis/post-diagnosis.

She is also ~60 and accomplished in her professional,social and family life.

Pre-diagnosis she would reject suggestsions going into the direction of an ADHD diagnosis, due to her accomplishments being above average --> not possible to have a disability/neuro-divergence.

The achievements are her achievements, but the expense in the context of her capabilities was very high and quite taxing on her.

A diagnosis or even treatment is not making the person normal, but it can help provide that person with options to alleviate the expense of operating differently to the baseline.

I am very happy that you managed to have this success in your life so far and you made that happen.

But under your assumption that you have ADHD you might have made that happen against odds that would have been in part optional if you had access to treatment options.
by ljm | 2025-11-24 09:39:24+00:00
It's always a challenge to write on topics like empathy and ego because of how heavily they are steeped in your own experiences, both professional and personal, and especially to do so without falling into the same ego-driven traps you describe.

What experience did the author have, for example, to link his various examples to both gatekeeping and calling people "wizards and towers with their dusty books and potions"? I imagine there's something behind that.

The risk, or challenge, is that you take your own ego-driven experiences and try to make them generic, maybe redefining a few terms along the way for convenience. Someone who has had a run-in with someone more experienced, for example, and miscalculated it as ego or gatekeeping. There's nothing wrong with that as a lived experience but of course, empathy goes both ways and that includes understanding why exactly someone may be 'gatekeeping', which is what this post seems to be about, really.
by mschuster91 | 2025-11-24 09:40:10+00:00
That was and still is a choice of the user.

The problem with not using a cloak was that you'd stand a very real chance of getting DDoS'd or, worse, outright hacked (made easier by the fact that in ye olde modem days, your computer was directly exposed to the Internet with no firewall/NAT to protect you), and even with using a cloak and a NAT router you'd still have trolls sending "DCC SEND" [1] into channels, immediately yeeting a bunch of people with old shoddy middleboxes.

[1] https://nullroute.lt/~grawity/startkeylogger.html
by protocolture | 2025-11-24 09:40:56+00:00
>I worry about all of this labelling that we apply to various ends of the "normal" spectrum. Where does it lead us? Is it actually helping?

People develop taxonomy to help understand the world and themselves. Knowing what you have helps you seek treatment.

> I have muddled through all my life.

Part of the journey for a lot of ADHD sufferers is getting experience what non muddled life is like.

> I think that's OK. I'm not looking to be "treated" because I'm a bit different.

Cool, I am glad that worked for you. But keep in mind that lots of people, myself included, experience extremely negative aspects of ADHD.

>meditation

Much less effective than the treatments the article mentions.
Show HN: Smart Router Kit – Prevent "Garbage in" for RAG Using Pydantic and LLMs
by 2dogsanerd | 2025-11-24 09:41:02+00:00
Yesterday I shared my Ingest Kit here. Today I'm releasing the second part: The routing logic.

Problem: Blindly chunking every PDF leads to bad retrieval. Solution: A small LLM pass (Traffic Controller) that routes documents to semantic collections (Finance vs Tech) and selects chunking strategies (Table-Aware vs Standard) before ingestion.

It's a simple pattern using Pydantic to force structured decisions from local LLMs (Ollama).

Repo: https://github.com/2dogsandanerd/smart-router-kit Part1: https://github.com/2dogsandanerd/smart-ingest-kit
by numbers_guy | 2025-11-24 09:41:06+00:00
European countries are willing to make big bets. The issue is with incompetent leadership. For example they made very big bets on quantum computing and particle accelerators for HEP, both of which have close to zero ROI. Meanwhile, up till very recently AI was sneered at as not "scientific" enough. This is a problem with leadership. The issue is mostly that we put people in leadership positions, who are experts in past technologies but those instincts do not translate well to present technologies.
by jeroenhd | 2025-11-24 09:41:18+00:00
You can see the metadata outside of the e2ee envelope in Element. Things like message IDs in replies, room information, room IDs, in some cases emoji reactions, and other data will regularly find itself as part of the plaintext message. Of course there's still a HTTPS wrapper around those components, but the point is about E2EE.

Because Matrix wasn't encrypted from day 1 and because Matrix wanted to improve the general UX, especially for people not sending their notifications through Google and Apple, this metadata is still readable by the server(s) you connect to, so that they can serve users better. None of this is new and all of it is actively being worked on, but the Matrix ecosystem isn't exactly overflowing with funds at the moment so things take time.

Whether or not this kind of metadata being available to a participating server is a problem is up to you to decide. I use Matrix, I believe the federation upsides outweigh the protocol privacy downsides, so I don't think it's a problem for me.

However, the article discusses a privacy risk in Signal that is extremely niche and hardly a problem for 99% of people. It's more false advertising than an actual privacy risk, I'd reckon. What I want to make clear is that if you are part of the 1% where even the slightest metadata analysis poses a risk, Matrix is probably not the protocol for you.

I don't think there is any mainstream protocol that does fit the bill for someone like that. I'd start looking in the direction of Threema or TorChat if Signal isn't private enough.
by unwind | 2025-11-24 09:41:24+00:00
According to Wikipedia, the writing was (mostly?) by Brian Reynolds [1]. There's an interview [2] which is linked to by the Wikipedia page about the game [3].

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Reynolds_(game_designer)

[2]: https://web.archive.org/web/20050221102608/http://pc.ign.com...

[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sid_Meier%27s_Alpha_Centauri#I...
Show HN: Volume Shader – GPU Performance Test with 3D Visualization
by star98 | 2025-11-24 09:42:19+00:00
I built a free tool called Volume Shader. It's a web-based GPU performance testing tool that combines benchmarking with real-time 3D volume rendering visualization.

You can use it to stress test your graphics card and get performance metrics like FPS, frame times, and GPU utilization, all directly in your browser without needing any installation. It's cross-platform and works on any system with a WebGL-compatible browser.
by Braxton1980 | 2025-11-24 09:43:50+00:00
I don't understand why you think an invasion or widespread airstrikes would be unlikely.

- Trump has been building up our military presence in the area over the last few months[1]

-He's already striking boats that he claims have weapons of mass destruct... I mean drugs in them

- Trump said “I don’t think we're going to necessarily ask for a declaration of war. I think we’re just going to kill people that are bringing drugs into our country, OK? We’re going to kill them,” [1]

- He declared the cartels terrorist groups [2]

I believe he's going to link Marudo to the cartels and use it to justify a war to force him out of power.

Republicans, will support him. He'll lie, like he always does, and they'll believe it either due to stupidity or tribalism. The further they follow him the more painful admitting they are wrong will be.

[1]https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/trump-won-t-congress-ove...

[2]https://www.state.gov/designation-of-international-cartels
by pfannkuchen | 2025-11-24 09:44:14+00:00
I didn’t say it was fake, per se. What happens is undersampling that conveniently aliases with a supporting story for the present moral zeitgeist. It’s not hard to find samples that contradict the story. This happens primarily in history, but also in auxiliary classes that touch on history or morality such as various humanities courses and what little is covered of economics.
by throwaway152021 | 2025-11-24 09:44:26+00:00
Anyone tried to get diagnosed after 50? I'm 50+, I believe I have the symptoms. I have coped basically all my life but the cost was (and still is) pretty high. Lots of stress and probably a lot of missed opportunities too.

Getting diagnosed is somewhere on my "maybe to do" list but I'm not sure it's even worth to try.
by constantcrying | 2025-11-24 09:44:49+00:00
This is so grim. What a stark difference to Japan. On one side there is a government setting up a new company, with the aim of competing at the highest end of the most complex technological process in existence. Meanwhile the EU is setting up bureaucrat managed funds to keep the remaining companies, currently suffering from the decline of the German auto industry, alive. Oh and they also paid TSMC to set up a factory, how pathetic.
by pgte | 2025-11-24 09:45:01+00:00
You are spot on about the market saturation and the "moat" being integrations rather than just the algorithm. It is a brutal space.

I am actually building a new tool in this space (TimeClout.com) precisely because, despite those thousands of existing solutions, I saw friends running a medical unit still drowning in spreadsheets. The "proven" enterprise vendors were often too rigid or expensive for their specific needs, and the lighter tools couldn't handle complex constraints like "fairness" (e.g., ensuring everyone shares the burden of inconvenient shifts equally).

My wedge isn't just "another roster app," but focusing on the constraint solver itself—using AI to automate that complex Tetris game of qualifications, rest times, and fairness metrics that most managers do manually. I’m also betting on an open-core model (repo is at djinilabs/timeclout) because I think the logic should be transparent and hackable.

I’d be curious if you think a "better solver + open source" approach is enough to compete against the heavy HR/payroll integrators you mentioned?
by throw-qqqqq | 2025-11-24 09:46:45+00:00
> Countries like Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, and the Czech Republic have plenty of guns at home

None of those countries are anywhere near US levels of gun ownership. See the table here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimated_number_of_civilian_g...

USA has 120 guns pr 100 citizens. Of the countries on your list, Finland is next with 32. Denmark has 10.

> and historically, a lot of them were actual assault rifles

Fully automatic weapons are not legal for civilians in Denmark at least.

Many semiautos are also banned. Semiauto shotguns must be restricted to hold only two shells and you need a special license even for that.

I don’t disagree with your general point, but you’re not making a good comparison IMO.
by hyperman1 | 2025-11-24 09:46:51+00:00
In my country, the elderly used to ride for free on busses and trams. 15 years ago I was involved in this problem where some decided to get on a bus or tram in the morning, go back and forth all day, bring a lunchbox, and go home just in time for the favorite soap series. They got free heating and some social contact.

It turned out, in my region, about 1/3 of public transport capacity was lost on them on peak hours. Also, some decided a specific seat was 'theirs' and started verbally abusing 'seat thiefs', throwing their stuff around, or even hitting them with canes. They also drove everyone bonkers by begging drivers to speed up or change routes so they would be home in time for their favorite soap series.

At the time, not much was done about it. The busses and trams forced everyone off at the terminus, made a round, enforced being empty while pausing a bit, and then the elderly were allowed back on, but at least places got shuffled and others got a chance for a seat. There was great gnashing of teeth about this decision.

I still feel double about it. It is very sad how this was a great life quality improvement for these people, but public transport is not the right medium for fixing this.
by alkonaut | 2025-11-24 09:46:54+00:00
We once did this for a massive product with 3 releases per year: took a whole cycle to do zero features, and just fix bugs. Internal customers who usually stepped over themselves to get their latest feature in the program, were accepting it. But we had to announce it early. Otherwise the usual consensus is that customers would rather take 1 feature together with 10 new bugs, than -5 bugs and no new features.
by grimblee | 2025-11-24 09:47:26+00:00
I've stopped drinking 1y and half ago and will never go back on it, I save money, health and time.

I may not be going out as much as before, but I've started kickboxing instead and it turns out that people who are serious about sports do not drink, so going to the club is my new, non-alcoholic, socializing.
by graemep | 2025-11-24 09:47:57+00:00
People will not do anything until something really disastrous happens. Even afterwards memories can fade. Cloudstrike has not lost many customers.

Covid is a good parallel. A pandemic was always possible, there is always a reasonable chance of one over the course of decades. However people did not take it seriously until it actually happened.

A lot of Asian countries are a lot better prepared for a tsunami then they were before 2004.

The UK was supposed to have emergency plans for a pandemic, but it was for a flu variant, and I suspect even those plans were under-resourced and not fit for purpose. We are supposed to have plans for a solar storm but when another Carrington even occurs I very much doubt we will deal with it smoothly.
by cpp_enjoyer | 2025-11-24 09:48:50+00:00
Hi HN, OP here. I’m the creator of EphemeralNet.

I built this because I wanted to tackle two deeply annoying problems in distributed systems simultaneously: getting P2P traffic through aggressive corporate firewalls/CGNATs reliably, and guaranteeing that shared data actually expires across a mesh without central coordination.

It’s a standalone infrastructure daemon written from scratch in C++20 (no Boost, minimal dependencies).

Some technical details for those interested:

The NAT Problem: It uses standard STUN, but falls back to a custom, high-performance asynchronous relay server I built using Linux epoll and macOS kqueue edge-triggered notification. It’s designed to handle high-throughput spikes efficiently.

The Expiration Problem: It implements a modified Kademlia DHT where TTL (Time-To-Live) is a first-class constraint enforced cryptographically across the network. Nodes actively reject and purge expired records.

Security: Handshake involves a proof-of-work puzzle to mitigate Sybil attacks. Transport is encrypted using ChaCha20-Poly1305 with rotating session keys.

It’s currently v1.0.0. The docs and architecture diagram are at the link. I’d love to hear your feedback on the design choices, especially around the relay architecture.

Thanks!
by tomaytotomato | 2025-11-24 09:48:52+00:00
Claude 4.5 - "Claude Flagged this input and didn't process it"

Gemma 3.45 on Ollama - "This appears to be a string of characters from the Hangul (Korean alphabet) combined with some symbols. It's not a coherent sentence or phrase in Korean."

GrokAI - "Uh-oh, too much information for me to digest all at once. You know, sometimes less is more!"
by carlosjobim | 2025-11-24 09:48:57+00:00
> Later, in the 90's with your family PC, you were bound to learn some stuff just by wanting to play games. Drivers? Filesystem? Patches? Cracks? OS? Hardware components (you'd not unlikely put it together yourself).

We learned all that, but that knowledge is all but worthless and has been for some time. I wish I had learned programming instead. All these other computing and OS skills become unnecessary as time moves on. Except for VPS hosting with FTP.
by ErroneousBosh | 2025-11-24 09:49:13+00:00
Denormals in audio code are kind of the "perfect storm", because they take ages to deal with - you're suddenly back into softfloat land - and because you have to deal with many thousands of them in a few hundred microseconds.

We take how fast hardware floating point is for granted. I suspect it would be interesting to compare something compiled with softfloat with a normal benchmark and see just how bad it is.

It's a great reason to do your DSP code in fixed-point, which is just integer with a couple of steps you have to write down on paper to keep straight until you get to the end. Or, I do, because I suck at arithmetic. Just do it all in machine-length signed ints, and forget all the mystical world of tiny tiny floating point values ;-)
by lxgr | 2025-11-24 09:49:22+00:00
> Having to dump authenticator state at regular intervals [...]

Again, you don't inherently have to do this if you only use non-resident keys (which many sites allow; my hardware authenticator does not even support resident keys).

Synchronized resident keys are not the only possible WebAuthN implementation, even though they are getting currently heavily pushed by big stakeholders. The big advantage they come with, though, is that they lost hardware attestation in the process, so everybody is free to use their own implementation instead.

Thinking about it some more: I'm pretty sure that there are crypto wallets that support FIDO (or maybe just U2F, i.e. the predecessor of CTAP2?) as a secondary application, and they are almost always based on a passphrase you can back up and replicate across authenticators as you wish.

> Seems like a shit ton of complexity and effort to work around a problem OpenSSH elegantly solved 30 years ago.

There are very good reasons for requiring the private key at registration time and for mandatory per-site keys in WebAuthN/FIDO, which are arguably the two main differences between WebAuthN and SSH at a protocol level:

Global keys would be a privacy nightmare (as they would become global identifiers), and being able to register a public key without a private key risks both users accidentally registering a key they don't have access to (i.e. availability), and getting social engineered into registering somebody else's key that is not even physically present with them.

But again, per-site keys can absolutely be implemented without having to keep state on the authenticator, since they can be deterministically derived from a root secret.
by mritzmann | 2025-11-24 09:49:33+00:00
> If I understand correctly, this means you can't back up the private key, correct? It's in the Secure Enclave, so if you lose your laptop, you also lose the key?

In a business environment, that's what you want. The key is then burned, and you ask your coworkers (who still have access) to remove the old key and store your new one on the servers.
Show HN: Flag Waver, create and simulate realistic waving flags online
by star98 | 2025-11-24 09:49:45+00:00
I built a free tool called Volume Shader. It's a web-based GPU performance testing tool that combines benchmarking with real-time 3D volume rendering visualization.

You can use it to stress test your graphics card and get performance metrics like FPS, frame times, and GPU utilization, all directly in your browser without needing any installation. It's cross-platform and works on any system with a WebGL-compatible browser.