MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by speiroxaiti | 2025-11-28 13:25:16+00:00
[Discussion] How the deep learning field evolved from designing specific models to designing languages of reusable components.

This post tries to show that the Deep Learning field evolved to something that now resembles a new "language" for DL. I try to ground this idea by providing the important papers that show the evolution of DL and how this ties to the concept of a new "grammar".

To make it digestible the substack post in the link has a video overview, a podcast deep dive and an extensive written post with all the papers historically on the last 13 years that lead to the conclusion of the title.

Do discuss this idea if you like it, i'd be glad to answer questions.

These are some clips from the video, to help as a preview: https://www.reddit.com/r/learnmachinelearning/comments/1p8re...
by astura | 2025-11-28 13:27:15+00:00
>The thing is, every beginner lockpicker makes a similar point when they realize how easy most locks are: "what's the point of locking my door if anyone can easily get in anyway?".

No they don't. I'm a beginner lockpicker and so far I've only been able pick a 2 pin lock once. Have not been able to repeat it. Have not been able to rake any lock open. Lockpicking is much more of a skill than people online give credit. People on the Internet always acting like lockpicking is just as easy as using the key for any old novice.
by prmoustache | 2025-11-28 13:28:18+00:00
> Not cheap though, 40 to 50K.

Someone mentionned the motorcycles. Price is the same ballpark as a Honda Goldwing Tour, a KTM RC 8C and cheaper than a 70k€ MV Agusta Superveloce serie Oro and these motorbikes only let you fly very momentarily (and with high probability that it is the last time) when you are crashing into something.
by d1sxeyes | 2025-11-28 13:28:40+00:00
I’m not quite sure what your point is, but it’s designed as a friendly but powerful GUI to quickly get a backend up and running.

It might not fit your use case, which is fine, but there are a lot of use cases it does fit, and my original point was that it’s more than you might think.

I wouldn’t really describe it as niche and limiting though, that sounds quite dismissive of what is actually a pretty impressive piece of software.
by kalaksi | 2025-11-28 13:29:14+00:00
I'm not sure where you're going with this, but since they have actually researched how it grows, I think it's more likely your calculations/assumptions are incomplete.

For example:

> Energy needed to grow 1g of microbial biomaterial

based on what?

Edit: Maybe you meant that radiation alone wouldn't be enough for that growth, so there'd be other components that it's helping with.
by pandaman | 2025-11-28 13:30:26+00:00
>Detention is literally being used arbitrarily, before the decision is made to even determine the person is an alien. If something is uneccesary its usually being used as punishment.

It is not. There has to be a reason to believe the person is an illegal alien. In this article, for example, all detainees presented documentation of their illegal presence and identified themselves with photo ID.

>Whats wrong with a court order and a plane ticket?

Someone already broke the law and is in the country illegally. What are the reasons for them to listen and follow a court order? Also, the immigration being a civil matter, how do you even obtain such an order? Sue them and go through a trial? There are already laws that allow removal of these aliens so this looks just like some redittor's wish-list in lieu of knowing the law.

>Nope. No reason for it at all.

Yeah, it seems that you don't see the reason. Can't explain something to somebody who is unwilling to understand.
by Ukv | 2025-11-28 13:30:35+00:00
> But fever is not a way to let you know that foreign bodies are being killed off--that's his claim, and it's wrong.

querez's point is that the sentence is meant to be parsed as:

> pain and fever which are the bodies way of <<letting you know something is damaged>> and <<killing off unknown foreign bodies>> respectively

So the claim is that fever is the body's way of killing off unknown foreign bodies, not the body's way of letting you know something is killing off unknown foreign bodies.
by fluidcastapp | 2025-11-28 13:32:20+00:00
Hi,

For the past few months I have been working on a podcast player called FluidCast.

I decided to make FluidCast after my frustrations with other podcast apps. Specifically Plex and Google Podcasts shutting down. The alternatives are either single platform, unintuitive or expensive.

At the moment I have published a Swift client for Apple platforms. But in the coming weeks/months I am working on a Flutter client that will work with all other clients.

The client itself is free, Cloud Sync and some advanced features are included in the Pro subscription at a lower price than the competition.

Get a free year of Pro: https://apps.apple.com/redeem?ctx=offercodes&id=6754508580&c...
by JanisErdmanis | 2025-11-28 13:33:06+00:00
I agree with the statement that measuring the performance of factorisation now is not a good metric to assess progress in QC at the moment. However, the idea that once logical qubits become available, we reach a cliff, is simply wishful thinking.

Have you ever wondered what will happen to those coaxial cables seen in every quantum computer setup, which scale approximately linearly with the number of physical qubits? Multiplexing is not really an option when the qubit waiting for its control signal decoheres in the meantime.
by agreeahmed | 2025-11-28 13:33:26+00:00
The "storing my source of truth externally" is super fair, and something we plan to address soon by giving you the ability to store this data on your side. So you'll still get all the benefits of our data model and full stack SDK, but aren't locked in to our hosting.

> I don't understand how your service can even help with this. "Features" are necessarily part of my app, I have to define what the user is purchasing.

We let you define features that you reference using slugs that you decide, and then group those features with products. So when someone subscribes to the product, they get the features you defined and associated with that product. So to see whether they can access a feature (boolean):

useBilling().checkFeatureAccess('fast_generations')

Or to see if they have enough credits to take a usage metered action:

useBilling().checkUsageBalance('fast_generations')

The problem we're trying to address is a bit broader than just storing price ids. You use your customers' payments state to derive billing state, and you use billing state to derive app behavior (what features they can access, what usage meters what balances and whether those are sufficient to continue consumption). You need this data on your backend and your frontend. So a substantial amount of most CRUD app code is just managing, transposing, and shuttling this kinda of data around between backend and frontend.

For fun I once mapped out a vanilla SaaS checkout flow and realized that it required a developer to coordinate 15 server-client boundary hops [0]. Each one is a liability that you have to maintain. And the flow as a whole is one of the most frustrating to test. If a developer came up with this flow on their own, we'd immediately say it smells. But it's the flow required by the current best-in-class vendors.

And it's not entirely the result of complexity intrinsic to the domain. Much of it is the result of decisions made over a decade ago that haven't really been revisited. At least in React-land, we've learned a lot in that time about how gracefully different patterns for state management age in a codebase. The last time the webhook-only pattern was the frontier of DX, Redux was the considered the best state management framework for React.

I haven't seen Redux in React code in a very long time, maybe 6 years. Not because Redux is terrible - in fact it represented the community's best understanding of state management at the time. But over time we realized the limitations of Redux as a framework, and engineered our way out of them with new frameworks. This process is natural and beautiful and part of what makes technology magical. In payments, this improvement loop is significantly rate limited. Because to build a truly better solution you have to commit to all of the uphill compliance and financial services work that people have very astutely pointed out in other comments.

[0] https://x.com/agreeahmed/status/1965258666892034257/photo/1
by once_inc | 2025-11-28 13:34:39+00:00
Add in some evolutionary strategies, and you have the recipe for a good sci-fi book: a fungus in Chernobyl rapidly outpaces its competitors due to its ability to absorb radiation. Each iteration grows and reproduces faster, until it is so blindingingly fast that it begins to outpace the output the fuel rods produce.

The world rejoices as this fungus is perfect for cleaning up nuclear waste products, until we realize that it evolved to function outside of Chernobyl and begins to eat everything it can reach. Mankind launches into a desperate struggle for survival as the fungus lays waste to large swathes of land.
by BrandoElFollito | 2025-11-28 13:34:48+00:00
I have some open source I maintain, fortunately, it stays very niche so I am not overwhelmed. But I know the pain.

What you are saying about forks is very true. Some very good ideas were started, then semi-abandonned on the way and they ended up with incompatible forks, and finally all of this collapsed.

I have no idea what the correct model could be.
by echelon_musk | 2025-11-28 13:34:48+00:00
While technically correct, I think your comment is disingenuous and distracts from the issue.

You're right that the forests themselves are not emitting carbon. However, human deforestation is causing the sequestered carbon in the trees to be removed from the forest and that is also reducing the forest's ability to absorb carbon.

TFA

> their forests are now dying faster than they are regrowing

> ...driven by deforestation and forest degradation.

Due largely to deforestation caused by humans.

A search for "logging in congos protected forest" will reveal numerous articles on this:

> Despite the ban on new industrial logging, the DRC has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world, losing 490,000 hectares (1.2m acres) of primary rainforest in 2020, according to Global Forest Watch.
by cachius | 2025-11-28 13:34:57+00:00
Couldn't find where he or how you arrive at those numbers. Anyway it's not solely about energy costs per km but total cost. And here the lower weight of FCPM trucks comes into play. What they discuss at the ceremony:

A truck, including its load, must not weigh more than 40 tons. Let's take two comparable trucks: one with a battery, the other with a fuel cell. It turns out that the fuel cell truck's drive system is four tons lighter. This means its payload capacity is greater. Therefore, up to 20 percent fewer trucks are needed to transport the same goods. Instead of five trucks, there are only four on the road.

In the best case you can save acquisition costs, driver wages and insurance for one truck per every four others. It's going to take a while until you make that up with saved energy costs.
by simpaticoder | 2025-11-28 13:35:10+00:00
The uniqueness of our state is quite interesting, arguably profound. Sol exists in the so-called "Local Bubble" which is about 1/100 of the average density of the galaxy, probably caused by multiple supernova. It's possible, if not likely, that this has helped reduce impact events such that life has only reset ~6 times rather than hundreds, and probably contributed to the relative abundance of heavy elements in our solar system.

Earth's biosphere is profoundly 'lucky' on several very disparate time-scales. And then there's the size of the moon...
by Tito-arch | 2025-11-28 13:35:27+00:00
Hey HN,

I’ve been building Calcurious — a math tool that solves problems step-by-step and generates dynamic visuals (graphs, geometry, symbolic breakdowns) for each step. Each part of the reasoning can be expanded with a “step chat” for deeper explanations. The LLM handles reasoning, but the diagrams + visualization manim engine are fully custom.

I’m looking for feedback from people who care about correctness and clarity. It’s truly inspiring to see the space evolving so quickly! I understand that recent advancements to the Gemini 3 model are a breakthrough in how we will all learn math even better, with its PhD-level reasoning and state-of-the-art scores on challenging math benchmarks like MathArena Apex and AIME 2025.

The focus on enhanced reasoning, multimodal understanding (for interpreting diagrams and video), and agentic capabilities for multi-step planning is a profound validation of the direction Calcurious is heading with its custom visualization and step-chat features. We're all pushing toward a future where complex subjects like math are genuinely accessible to everyone. I'd love to hear your thoughts on how Calcurious can best serve learners and educators. I’m especially interested in the features you think will be essential as these advanced models become more widespread.

I’d appreciate thoughts on: where the reasoning is unclearvisuals that help vs visuals that distractproblem classes where it failsperformance issues, or rough UX edges Features We’d Love to See in Math Tools What would your ideal AI-powered math learning assistant do? Given the immense potential of these new models, here are a few ideas for features we'd love to explore.

Which of these—or others you suggest—would be most impactful for you?

Error Analysis & Correction: A mode that analyzes a user's incorrect step, not just to show the right answer, but to diagnose the specific conceptual misunderstanding (e.g., "You confused the product rule with the chain rule here") and provide targeted remedial practice on just that concept.

Proof Generation/Debugging: For higher-level courses (like Abstract Algebra or Real Analysis), a feature that can help a student construct or debug a mathematical proof with the same step-by-step, explainable detail that Calcurious provides for calculations.

Interactive Simulation Generation: Beyond static graphs, what if the tool could generate a live, interactive simulation or mini-game based on the problem (e.g., a projectile motion problem generates a small game where you adjust launch angles)?

"What If" Scenarios: The ability to instantly tweak variables in the problem and see how the final solution, the steps, and the visualizations dynamically change. (e.g., "What if the spring constant was 2k instead of k?")

Link again for convenience: https://beta.calcurious.ai/

Thanks for checking it out — all critiques are welcome.
by Freak_NL | 2025-11-28 13:35:50+00:00
Just install the version without the bug? Have you never developed software in a company?

Sometimes the JDK version you are targetting cannot be changed at that time, for a variety of reasons, most beyond your control.

Sometimes the JDK contains or triggers a bug you need to workaround and test in various minor versions.

Sometimes you need to switch to the exact minor version used in production.

Often you need to switch JDKs even within a single project, more often with several projects.

In the years that I've used SDKMan the number of times I invoked it to switch JDK versions in a terminal was more than once on hundreds of days (along with hundreds of days where whatever I set it to was fine for weeks on end). All painless, quick, and easy. Why wouldn't anyone involved in developing Java in a corporate setting make life easier on themselves? Those are not 'minor advantages', those are major time and mental overhead savers. It's a trivial tool to install and maintain too with almost no overhead for me to worry about. And if it breaks? Then the last version I configured will just keep working, and I can spend maybe half an hour to set up an alternative. That hasn't happened yet, so for a tool I've been using for a decade or so, that's pretty good.
by rsynnott | 2025-11-28 13:36:12+00:00
> suggesting that the AI boom is only about LLMs

It's largely around LLMs, plus some generative image models. That is _where the money is_. Sure, some people are doing some CV stuff that might have some medical applications, but no-one's spending tens of billions of borrowed money on datacenters for _that_.

> or that LLMs do not create value is incredibly misleading.

They're not suggesting that.

Fundamentally, the current economic bubble around 'AI' is based on 'AGI' being achievable, soon. Otherwise, the valuations and amounts of money being spent simply do not make sense. LLMs being somewhat useful will not cut it; the spending implies expectation of dramatically increased capabilities, soon.
by mikkupikku | 2025-11-28 13:36:23+00:00
I feel like I'm taking crazy pills every time I read about this fungus. Let us grant the premise of a fungus somehow harnessing ionizing radiation using melanin; such a fungus could in principle be used to shield radioactive sources, but it won't "eat it up"; the radioactive isotopes emitting that radiation won't be disposed of in any way by the fungus. They don't eat those, and even if they did it wouldn't get rid of them, only incorporate them. Neither chemical nor any kind of biological process can make radioactive isotopes stop being radioactive, you need some sort of nuclear process to do that. The absolute best the fungus could do is bind up the radioactive isotopes to aid in their collection, but epoxy resins sprayed over the contaminated areas are far more effective than that could ever be.

Also, making spacecraft shielding and even furniture out of this stuff? It's the stupidest thing I ever heard. The mass of the fungus doesn't come from ionizing radiation anymore than the mass of a plant comes from sunlight. You might as well claim that you're going to grow trees in space using the abundant sunlight. They power themselves with light but still need to be made out of something! Are they also hoping these fungus like to eat lunar regolith? It makes zero sense, but here we've got the BBC and apparently NASA taking the idea seriously. Where is the fucking biomass meant to come from?? I must be crazy, or they all are.
by HelloUsername | 2025-11-28 13:36:57+00:00
Related:

"Fungus in Chernobyl nuclear disaster zone has mutated to 'feed' on radiation (2024)" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45901149 12-nov-2025

"Fungus found in Chernobyl might process radiation and act as a shield (2024)" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43534021 31-mar-2025

"A Black Fungus Might Be Healing Chernobyl by Drinking Radiation" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43148355 23-feb-2025

"Radiotrophic fungus" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41085406 03-aug-2024

"Chernobyl fungus could shield astronauts from cosmic radiation" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35181146 16-mar-2023

"Fungus at Chernobyl absorbs nuclear radiation via radiosynthesis" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24166994 15-aug-2020

"Radiotrophic fungus" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20342750 03-jul-2019

"Chernobyl Fungus Feeds On Radiation (2007)" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6763520 19-nov-2013

"Black Fungus Found in Chernobyl Eats Harmful Radiation" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=127626 02-mar-2008
by the_af | 2025-11-28 13:37:36+00:00
> Not saying you shouldn't be able to buy videos of whatever your heart desires.

You can pay for PornHub, you know.

You did mention "avant garde porn", which is an extremely weird turn of phrase. As if I was talking about some sort of high art or whatever. No, I'm talking about nudes and people fucking. Is that weird to you? It's just... "performance sex" for which you pay, like you would pay to watch Tom Cruise in "Mission Impossible 4000: Too Old For This Shit". Are you also for banning "Mission Impossible"? Maybe I can get behind that!

> I _am_ ready to discuss banning Facebook and Twitter and TikTok.

You won't find much traction for that position here, I'm afraid. In general I'm against banning stuff just because I don't like it; I can see why you'd support this VPN initiative if that's your standpoint.

edit:

> and the parasocial OF type platforms.

There are lots of parasocial things in the modern world, are you also for banning them? Like, do you know the kind of relationship some fans feel they have with Taylor Swift, or what about K-Pop fans? Do you think that should be restricted/banned too?

I'm trying to isolate if your hangup is specifically about sex, or whether there's a whole range of stuff you'd also ban/regulate/restrict.
by WinstonSmith84 | 2025-11-28 13:37:59+00:00
> this legislation is proposed by a bunch of european members of parliament who in no way represent any governments and much less the commission

Well, here is the guy from where that comes from, the minister of justice of Denmark. He certainly represents a good part of Denmark, even though he may be irrelevant to any other EU country.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Hummelgaard
by 3rodents | 2025-11-28 13:38:07+00:00
“A hundred years from now, thanks to the workings of the Inhuman Centipede, I’m known as a deservedly obscure dadaist prose stylist who thought it was cool to stop his books mid-sentence.”

is “Inhuman Centipede” to describe the slop-eating-its-own-tale future we all dread an established term, or an invention of the author? I hope it becomes the term we all use, like slop and clanker.

For those of us writing original words that are consumed by LLMs without our consent, at least we get to be the front of the Inhuman Centipede.
by stackedinserter | 2025-11-28 13:38:21+00:00
This is "Red Queen" concept, constant battle between society and state (Leviathan).

State always drives towards despotism and total control, society always drives to anarchy, and when there's balance, then you have Switzerland, otherwise slide towards Somali or Russia.

https://news.mit.edu/2019/narrow-corridor-acemoglu-liberty-0...
by smallmancontrov | 2025-11-28 13:39:11+00:00
The last 50 years in the USA (and elsewhere) have been an absolute disaster for labor: the economy as a whole grew, the capital share grew even more, and the labor share shrank (unless you use a deflator rigged to show the opposite, but a rigged deflator can't hide the ratios). This contrasts to the 50 years prior, where we largely grew and fell together, proving that K shaped economies are a policy choice, not an inevitability.

A Roosevelt economy can still work for most people when the "job creators" stop creating jobs. A Reagan economy cannot.
by lazide | 2025-11-28 13:39:31+00:00
Something the fungus COULD do (in a hypothetical world) is concentrate radioisotopes along with some moderator to accelerate the fission process and harvest more energy.

Would probably require a lot more time than it would have, however, considering the relatively low amounts of radioisotopes in todays world (due to the halflife of most of them, and the age of our planet).

Several billion years ago it could have been a thing though!
by rutagandasalim | 2025-11-28 13:40:10+00:00
Hey folks, Two weeks ago I launched a small AI tools directory for devs — just a side project to collect the most useful tools, books, and communities. Didn’t expect much, but it somehow hit 10k unique visitors in 14 days.

Here’s what worked:

SEO early. Simple keywords, clean structure, and fast load speed.

Hacker News + Reddit. Drove the biggest spike in traffic.

Manual curation. Quality > quantity. No AI auto-listings.

What didn’t:

Social media posts. Vanished in hours.

Skipping newsletter signups early. Big miss.

Not selling anything — just wanted to share what I learned for other indie devs or makers building in public. If you’re curious, here’s the site: https://aithings.dev

Happy to answer questions about traffic, SEO, or the tech stack.