MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by matthewdgreen | 2025-11-20 19:40:20+00:00
Define "better off". Companies like Meta and Google are enormous behemoths that make their money through advertising. One advantage of their size is that they have lower costs, but a greater advantage is that they have much larger market power: they can purchase competitors and demand higher rents for advertising space. Is society genuinely better off from this kind of concentrated market advantage? One might argue that there are different kinds of 'efficiency' at play here, and not all of them are in society's interest.
by lazide | 2025-11-20 19:40:25+00:00
Based on the original descriptions of the crash, I assumed the engine fell off.

From the photos, it’s clear it went up over the wing and impacted the fuselage with a (at least) minor explosion, which would have thrown foreign objects into the third engine in the tail for sure.

Losing 2/3 of the engines isn’t survivable on takeoff for this class of plane, at the weights they were at.
by dlcarrier | 2025-11-20 19:40:26+00:00
Twenty years ago, if you told me that by today we'd have smart phones with eight or more cores, each outperforming an average desktop computer of the time, with capacitive OLED touch screens, on a cellular network with hundreds of megabits of bandwidth, I'd find it believable, because that's where technology was headed at the time.

If you said that they'd effectively all be running either a port of OS X or a Linux distribution with a non-GNU but open source userspace, I'd consider that a somewhat unexpected success of open-source software. I would not at all expect that it would be as locked down as video game console.

The more time passes, the less I use my phone for, and the more likely I am to whip out my laptop to accomplish something, like it's 2005.
by MarkusQ | 2025-11-20 19:40:48+00:00
So you just did a Mote and Bailey. The initial claim was that "anyone rejecting both extremes is automatically wrong"; I pointed out that this was a weaponized defense being used by both sides to hide their BS, and instead of responding to that, you refuted the similar sounding but unrelated claim (which hadn't been made) that "the truth is somewhere in the middle".

Saying that both sides are peddling absolute bollocks is not, in any way, a claim that we'd be better off with some sort of average of the two. Both sides are mostly full of it, full stop.
by vidarh | 2025-11-20 19:41:00+00:00
> However, LLMs will not be able to represent ideas that it has not encountered before. It won't be able to come up with truly novel concepts, or even ask questions about them. Humans (some at least) have that unbounded creativity that LLMs do not.

There's absolutely no evidence to support this claim. It'd require humans to exceed the Turing computable, and we have no evidence that is possible.
by yuvadam | 2025-11-20 19:41:25+00:00
El Al 1862 was another flight [1] that had an engine fall off, taking another engine out with it. The pilots managed to fly around for a few minutes and attempt a landing, but there was too much structural damage.

It doesn't seem aircraft are designed to survive these types of catastrophic failures.

[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Al_Flight_1862
by mandevil | 2025-11-20 19:41:26+00:00
I think that the Mad Dogs only exist as freighters (~or their derivative KC-10 tankers~-Edited to correct that they retired last year) these days. I think the last pax service for any of them was over a decade ago.

And air freight just gets a lot less public attention, I think they are going to keep flying them if they don't get grounded.
by pama | 2025-11-20 19:42:09+00:00
LLMs have the ability to learn certain classes of algorithms from their datasets in order to reduce errors when compressing their pretraining data. If you are technically inclined, read the reference: https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.01066 (optionally followup work) to see how llms can pick up complicated algorithms from training on examples that could have been generated by such algorithms (in one of the cases the LLM is better than anything we know; in the rest it is simply just as good as our best algos). Learning such functions from data would not work with Markov chains at any level of training. The LLMs in this study are tiny. They are not really learning a language, but rather how to perform regression.
by dragonwriter | 2025-11-20 19:42:20+00:00
> How can they distinguish from real people exploited to AI models autogenerating everything?

Watermarking by compliant models doesn't help this much because (1) models without watermarking exist and can continue to be developed (especially if absence of a watermark is treated as a sign of authenticity), so you cannot rely on AI fakery being watermarked, and (2) AI models can be used for video-to-video generation without changing much of the source, so you can't rely on something accurately watermarked as "AI-generated" not being based in actual exploitation.

Now, if the watermarking includes provenance information, and you require certain types of content to be watermarked not just as AI using a known watermarking system, but by a registered AI provider with regulated input data safety guardrails and/or retention requirements, and be traceable to a registered user, and...

Well, then it does something when it is present, largely by creating a new content gatekeepiing cartel.
by thisisit | 2025-11-20 19:42:41+00:00
> It remembers salient details about my son and his condition. It really explains things well. It knows so much. It's quite remarkable.

Yes but that doesn't mean the answers are right. And while you acknowledge it might be throwing some fake facts in, you don't know what those might be. You still seem to think it is remarkable just because

> It gets right at my needed level of explanation.

And similar issue the AI college education seems to be going through. Someone somewhere created the college slides using AI content and voiceover, didn't know any better but said - Hey, that sounds near to what might be taught in this class. Close enough. Good for college education.
by jacquesm | 2025-11-20 19:43:17+00:00
I suspect a lot of people commenting in this thread have never been on one of these ships or have any idea of what the typical state of maintenance is, and how inaccessible the tech compartments are when the vessel is underway. This isn't exactly a server room environment. When vessels are new (in the first five years or so) and under the first owners they are usually tip-top. Then, after the first sale the rot sets in and unless there is a major overhaul you will see a lot of issues like these, usually they do not have such terrible consequences. They tend to last for 25 years or so (barring mishaps) and by then the number of repairs will be in the 100's and the vessel has changed hands a couple of times.

Passenger carrying vessels are better, but even there you can come across some pretty weird stuff.

https://eu.usatoday.com/story/travel/cruises/2025/08/27/msc-...

And that one was only three years old, go figure.
by kragen | 2025-11-20 19:43:48+00:00
I'd guess that it's a lot easier to maintain the whole build chamber at 500° than to maintain the hotend at 850°, but I haven't tried it.

Felsic lavas (and magmas) which melt at those temperatures do not typically contain a lot of alkali oxides, but they do contain some. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calc-alkaline_magma_series#/me... However, ferrous and quasi-ferrous alloys like inconel are among the best choices for alkali corrosion. For example, table 4 in Birgitte Stofferson's dissertation https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/containment-of-molten-n... gives an inconel corrosion rate of 1.06 mm per year in molten NaOH at 600°, which happens through oxidation from oxygen dissolved in the melt. Monel 500 corroded only 5.06 mm per year at 700°.

If you were trying to keep a 100μm hotend aperture within a ±10% tolerance, you could start with a 95μm aperture and replace the hotend when the aperture had expanded to 110μm. At 1mm/year those 15μm would be 5 days of printing time, which seems like a usable hotend lifetime. Presumably printing in lava rather than 100% NaOH would extend the lifetime further.
by shagie | 2025-11-20 19:44:02+00:00
Make up a fanciful problem and ask it to solve it. For example, https://chatgpt.com/s/t_691f6c260d38819193de0374f090925a is unlikely to be found in the training data - I just made it up. Another example of wizards and witches and warriors and summoning... https://chatgpt.com/share/691f6cfe-cfc8-8011-b8ca-70e2c22d36... - I doubt that was in the training data either.

Make up puzzles of your own and see if it is able to solve it or not.

The blanket claim of "cannot solve problems that are not in its training data" seems to be something that can be disproven by making up a puzzle from your own human creativity and seeing if it can solve it - or for that matter, how it attempts to solve it.

It appears that there is some ability for it to reason about new things. I believe that much of this "an LLM can't do X" or "an LLM is parroting tokens that it was trained on" comes from trying to claim that all the material that it creates was created before, by a human and any use of an LLM is stealing from some human and thus unethical to use.

( ... and maybe if my block world or wizards and warriors and witches puzzle was in the training data somewhere, I'm unconsciously copying something somewhere else and my own use of it is unethical. )
by sam_goody | 2025-11-20 19:44:21+00:00
I still view PHP as the best tool for the job for modern sites that do not need fancy javascript.

Faster and more secure than Python, impossibly easier to use for web than Go, Perl or Rust [even among those that know how], much more secure, easier to compartmentalize, faster and more reliable than JS (node et al).

It is just so easy and straightforward to get useful stuff done, and done quite well.

Especially as a lot of the stuff we used to need JS for can now be shifted into CSS (for better or worse).

But the marketing around PHP stinks, and it's hard for me to find young excited programmers to join the team.

Not sure what needs to be done to turn this ship around.
by clort | 2025-11-20 19:44:43+00:00
So technically, a yacht is any leisure vessel. ie not a working boat. In the UK, a yacht is usually a sailing boat though we also increasingly have motor yachts. In the USA though, a yacht is a large motor powered vessel. So, when an American says 'nobody needs a yacht' they generally mean one of those, rather than a sailboat. Not sure what context CrimsonCape was using.
by currymj | 2025-11-20 19:45:08+00:00
bigram-trigram language models (with some smoothing tricks to allow for out-of-training-set generalization) were state of the art for many years. Ch. 3 of Jurafsky's textbook (which is modern and goes all the way to LLMs, embeddings etc.) is good on this topic.

https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/ed3book_aug25.pdf

I don't know the history but I would guess there have been times (like the 90s) when the best neural language models were worse than the best trigram language models.
by chaosprint | 2025-11-20 19:45:55+00:00
In my limited testing, at least in terms of maintaining consistency between input and output for Asian faces, it has even regressed.

Actually, Gemini 3 is about the same, and doesn't feel as good as Claude 4.5. I have a feeling it's been fine-tuned for a cool front-end marketing effect.

Furthermore, I really don't understand why AI Studio, now requiring me to use its own API for payment, still adds a watermark.
by rft | 2025-11-20 19:46:09+00:00
Given that the report only mentioned a single other seemingly related accident in 1979 I am not sure that objectively this is a reason to discontinue flying these planes. The fact that these planes have been in service since the early 70s is a testament to their safety and reliability in itself. Of course public perception, especially with the videos of huge fireballs from hitting one of the worst possible locations, might put enough pressure on airlines to retire the planes anyway.

I agree on the end of an era. Hearing something else besides just Airbus- or Boeing-something always gives me a bit of joy. Even though MDs and DCs are of course Boeings in a sense now as well.
by fsloth | 2025-11-20 19:46:23+00:00
To start with it can’t be universal. Models that you can edit (unless they are really dumb like DWG) are almost always domain specific.

You can - and should be able - to export to a universal format though.

But having a universal format is different than having a universal design space.

The requirments of a mechanical engineer are quite different from that of a structural engineer/and/or detailer for houses. And again different from those of a doctor planning a surgery based on CT model. For example you need rebars only in one of these. You need delicate fillet control only in one of these. You absolutely need support for import and visualization of volumetric data in only one of these.

What I’m getting at that while all design softwares have some common min set of features which _can_ be universal, the number of features in each stereotypical domain are surprisingly disjoint even if only comparing AEC and mech eng. Hence ”universal” design software would be a union of a very, very large set of totally unrelated features. Which suggests it would be hard to develeop, hard to use and hard to maintain.

So it’s better to have a collection of applications that aspire for ”universal scope” as a collection rather than ”one app to rule them all” which you will never get done in any case.

If we presume a hypothetical FOSS mission to enable computer design for all major fields benefitting from digital design for physical outcomes, it should then focus on this ”common min” core, interoperability (strongly linked to the common min core but separate concern - ie import and export) as well as domain specific projects of producing the domain specific UI and tooling.
by scottlamb | 2025-11-20 19:46:31+00:00
Not an aviation expert at all, so take this with a grain of salt, but I think "the spinning engine resists changes to the direction of its spin axis" offers two important insights:

* why it failed at rotation (the first/only sudden change of direction under full throttle) rather than as soon as it was mounted onto the plane, while taxiing, as soon as they throttled up, mid-flight, or on landing. This is important because at rotation is the worst possible time for this failure: no ability to abort take-off, no ability to land safety under no or severely limited power, little time to react at all, full fuel. Knowing these failures are likely to manifest then stresses the importance of avoiding them.

* why it failed in such a way that it damaged the rest of the plane.

Not so much what was wrong with the mounting in the first place, if that's what you're asking. Presumably it was designed to withstand the forces of this moment and clearly has done so many times before.
by mewpmewp2 | 2025-11-20 19:46:33+00:00
Cloudflare infra costs are probably 300 mil+ usd. Their gaap profit is negative, their non gaap income is less than their infra expenses. Can you imagine how much they would have to charge more or spend more if they had to duplicate or simulate their production environment in staging and for each of the 100s deployments they probably do a day?

Their main cost of revenue is these infra costs.
by ashish_sharda | 2025-11-20 19:46:36+00:00
Exactly the use case! We run 15+ microservices and the setup boilerplate was killing us.

rapid-rs is for teams that need to spin up services quickly with consistent conventions - not for complex monoliths.

Curious: what would you want in a "batteries-included" Rust framework beyond what's here? Auth? Migrations? Something else?
by bawolff | 2025-11-20 19:47:11+00:00
> where do we land on motherf!cker?

> Taken literally it's accusing someone of a specific depraved act, but it's also clearly a term of abuse. My guess (not a lawyer!) is that once a term becomes more associated with abuse the more you're protected.

Computer people have this weird notion that courts are like a computer program. If x == "foo" then punishment.

That's not how it works. The use of any specific word does not determine in and of itself if something is an assertion of fact or an assertion of opinion. It depends on how you're using the word.
by rupertdev | 2025-11-20 19:47:31+00:00
absolutely agree. Software folks, such as myself, often think that we are generally smarter than others, can figure out/learn anything, and that the software way of working is the obviously correct one. Beside the project management, which the GC is invaluable for, it is nearly impossible to know enough about building and all of the related technologies, codes, and processes to end up with a home that doesn't have at least a handful of issues, as someone who hasn't worked in the industry for many years.

If you want to build a home, try building a shed. Learn about code, how to keep out water, how to insulate, how to condition the air (if necessary). You will learn how many ways there are to achieve the "best" result, how many small skills that you will need to learn, and how many products are out there that market themselves as the best.

Building a home, even if you just plan it and oversee the build, is the equivalent of a 2-5 year software project.

My advice would be to decide the things that you absolutely must have, especially the ones that will be unique to your build and communicate why you want them to a good GC. Work with an architect, a builder, etc. Let your GC manage the network of trust necessary to get a project like this done. Or pay up and find a boutique builder that builds exactly what you want.
by gcr | 2025-11-20 19:47:39+00:00
Last year I made my own rotary slide rule for playing Balatro, the poker roguelike!

My version has a couple interesting properties compared to ordinary linear slide rules:

1. It has three octaves, so it can scale from 1 to 1k or from 1k to 1m, or from 1m to 1b. This is great for calculating point values

2. It's rotary

3. It can be easily 3d-printed!

Source code and .STL files here: https://www.printables.com/model/1026662-jimbos-rotary-slide...
by stevenjgarner | 2025-11-20 19:49:22+00:00
Thank you and upvote to the OP for posting this. I love Bach and place him on a pedestal of my own.

Personally I lack the physiological or cultural understanding of the significance of Tuvan Throat Singing [1] and why "Kongurei" (Konggurei / 60 Horses) is often described as the most beautiful and heartbreaking song in the Tuvan Throat Singing (Khoomei) repertoire.

I also get that the Javanese gamelan orchestral masterpiece "Ketawang Puspawarna" [2] is widely cited as the candidate for the "most important, beautiful, and pivotal" global composition. So much so, that NASA included it on the Voyager spacecraft Golden Record in 1977 (side 2 track 2, together with 3 compositions of J.S. Bach). But I probably lack the aesthetic fabric to fully comprehend or appreciate its significance.

[1] Tuvan Throat Singing, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qx8hrhBZJ98

[2] Ketawang Puspawarna, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Irt2AsxYYnI
by stego-tech | 2025-11-20 19:49:23+00:00
The old internet lives! It’s just that the heavily-centralized, corporatized-internet services of today have a vested interest in only surfacing profitable content, and that content is overwhelmingly sterile or sanitized for the sake of advertising revenue. Once you step outside the corporate boundaries however, the internet remains full of beautiful weirdos doing amazing things and sharing them freely with each other.

What we, as netizens who grew up in those safe spaces, are responsible for are creating those spaces for new folks again, and ensuring they’re safeguarded against profiteers and rent-seeking behavior that prioritizes revenue over community. That’s hard, but not impossible, and equipping folks with the skills and tools necessary to carve out their own scrap of digital estate to express themselves is a critical first step.
by toss1 | 2025-11-20 19:49:55+00:00
>>in others an eviction can happen within a few weeks with minimal trouble

The words "can" and "minimal" are doing a lot of work there. An angry tenant who knows they are getting evicted can do an incredible amount of damage in a few weeks, even without deliberate vandalism.

And landlords can be insanely abusive.

Perhaps a system wherein not only the tenant must pay a deposit, but the landlord must also put three month's rent in escrow. They can evict a tenant nearly immediately for certain issues (violence, drugs, etc.) but the tenant can sue in small claims court (for low time and overhead) and recover the extra three months escrow funds if landlord found to be abusing it. (Obviously just he rough outline of an idea, but maybe it'd work?)
by buildsjets | 2025-11-20 19:50:00+00:00
And the failure of an inboard wing mounted engine can cause the failure of an outboard wing mounted engine on the same side, as in the case of El Al 1862. https://www.faa.gov/lessons_learned/transport_airplane/accid...

And the failure of an engine mounted on the left wing can cause debris to cross through the fuselage structure and cause a failure of the engine mounted on the right wing, or to fly thousands of feet in any particular direction, as happened to American Airlines in both a ground run incident, and in their Flight 883 accident.

https://www.dauntless-soft.com/PRODUCTS/Freebies/AAEngine/

https://aerossurance.com/safety-management/uncontained-cf6-a...
by stackskipton | 2025-11-20 19:50:33+00:00
>If I rent a bed to somebody for 10 bucks a night in my home nobody is harmed and somebody had a warm place to sleep.

Disagree, you can have impact on your neighbors. We had SFH doing that near me, they had 9 people in 4 BDRM SFH. That was 9 cars so all street parking was occupied. Trash Company sent notice to our HOA wanting price increase since they were generating a ton of trash (some of it commercial I believe) It was much noisier than average home since they would do more outside bringing noise like listening to music inside, outside with noise problems that develop.

County finally shut it down and most of neighbors were thrilled.

There is a reason for zoning laws and it's not 100% NIMBY but yes, your actions can have impact on your neighbors.
by d3Xt3r | 2025-11-20 19:50:45+00:00
I wonder if there's some sort of GSM hotspot device where it connects to 4G/5G networks, but creates a small localised 2G/3G cell for older phones. Kind of like how we have mobile hotspot devices, but instead of (or addition to) creating a WiF hotspot, they provide 2G/3G...
by Anon84 | 2025-11-20 19:50:49+00:00
Not that different. In fact, you can use Markov Chain theory as an analytical tool to study LLMs: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.02724

You could probably point your code to Google Books N-grams (https://storage.googleapis.com/books/ngrams/books/datasetsv3...) and get something that sounds (somewhat) reasonable.
by vunderba | 2025-11-20 19:51:13+00:00
Alright results are in! I've re-run all my editing based adherence related prompts through Nano Banana Pro. NB Pro managed to successfully pass SHRDLU, the M&M Van Halen test (as verified independently by Simon), and the Scorpio street test - all of which the original NB failed.

Model results 1. Nano Banana Pro: 10 / 12 2. Seedream4: 9 / 12 3. Nano Banana: 7 / 12 4. Qwen Image Edit: 6 / 12

https://genai-showdown.specr.net/image-editing

If you just want to see how NB and NB Pro compare against each other:

https://genai-showdown.specr.net/image-editing?models=nb,nbp
by crote | 2025-11-20 19:51:20+00:00
> I assumed the engine fell off

It's an engine - the thing pushing the entire plane forwards. Provided it is running (and at takeoff that's definitely the case), an engine being liberated from its plane suddenly has a lot less mass holding it back, so the logical thing to do is to shoot forwards. And because the wing is attached to the upper side of the engine, anything short of an immediate failure of all mounting points is probably also going to give it an upwards trajectory.

Add in air resistance, and you get the "swing across the wing and back" seen in the photos.