MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by binary132 | 2025-11-28 19:33:05+00:00
I don’t think I would really consider it compression if it’s not very reversible. Whatever people “uncompress” from my words isn’t necessarily what I was imagining or thinking about when I encoded them. I guess it’s more like a symbolic shorthand for meaning which relies on the second party to build their own internal model out of their own (shared public interface, but internal implementation is relatively unique…) symbols.
by vid | 2025-11-28 19:33:51+00:00
I completely support not being dependant on a foreign company (or any company at all, standards FTW) and I don't think there should even be a shadow of possibility that an organization like the ICC could be cut off from services due to a foreign directive, but while I have seen it repeated many times, I think the article's opening assertion is not true; https://www.politico.eu/article/microsoft-did-not-cut-servic...

It is very distressing how many organizations have become dependant on Microsoft and the US cloud for core services. I hope that an unintended consequence of the current US administration's approach is that this becomes less so.
by echelon | 2025-11-28 19:34:36+00:00
This is really freaking cool.

Two asks -

(1) you should default to a busy airport, eg. Atlanta, which is the busiest in the world. They have an order of magnitude more flights landing and departing. It seems random, but I keep getting New Orleans which is 10-20x less busy than Atlanta. ATL, SFO, LAX, ... That said, the topographically diverse places like Anchorage are nice too, and the height maps on the textures are fantastic.

(2) Higher resolution satellite titles would be awesome. I have a high density flight path directly overhead and I'd love to see where I live on the map and know which way to look in real time, but the textures are about 10x too grainy to make out my street / neighborhood. Maybe you can download some high resolution tiles for free that won't be a big performance hit?
by georgefrowny | 2025-11-28 19:36:02+00:00
Yes, any shortage of energy we have today is more or less entirely voluntary on a species level.

You can blame Moloch or wall Street or whatever for making it functionally impossible for whatever multipolar market-actor reasons, but with the right choices we could have plenty of energy today, just as we could (but don't) feed everyone on Earth.

Eventually the will bea point where it does actually become physically impossible to generate that much power without melting the Earth's crust or boiling the seas, but that's a long, long way away.
by proee | 2025-11-28 19:36:27+00:00
The tool would ideally classify the output into levels. Just like a compiler or DRC checker. If you submit a clean design, the tool should not be throwing major flags. 99% of the time you should be getting advisory outputs, which should not be tricking any designer. The 1% red flags should easily be understood and if you, as the designer, can't discern them, perhaps you don't understand the fundamentals of your own design.
by dwohnitmok | 2025-11-28 19:36:51+00:00
> First, you can see that time_f only gives you upper bounds for the runtime (they say this in the book explicitly, but in a different context), because who is to say that you cannot find even "faster" equations.

I don't understand the relevance. I'm not asking for exact computation of steps. Big O is fine. And provisional on the current implementation would be the whole point.

> If Isabelle had time_f built into its kernel from the start (the script just runs invisibly to you inside the kernel), would you then say that there is a formal connection in Isabelle between f and its runtime complexity?

No. That would be a clear hack. And it would break a lot of stuff in Isabelle. For example, you would introduce a distinction between first-order and higher-order functions. E.g. how do you calculate the runtime of a function like `map` when you don't have a concrete function to do the substitution on? This kind of thing only works when you have the concrete syntax of a function, which is different from the entire rest of the way the kernel works. (BTW the way the authors of this particular book deal with `map` is they just hard-coded it by hand).

Another illustration of this problem is that you wouldn't be able to state or prove very natural theorems such as "the asymptotic runtime of a sort function based on pairwise comparison can't be less than O(n log(n))".

Just jamming it in the kernel mixes syntactic and semantic concerns together. Depending on how awkward it's done it could affect the soundness of the underlying logic.

E.g. you could just say "oh we'll just make a logical relation `T` that is filled in by the compiler as necessary so e.g. in `map` it'll just have a placeholder that can then get put in" but then what is `T` in the kernel? What's its type? Can you abstract over `T`? What's its runtime representation? Does it even have a runtime representation? What are its deductive rules? So and so forth. And the answers to all these questions are all linked together.

There's a reason why `time_f` approaches haven't been adopted. It's very easy to blow up your logical system accidentally. It's a subtle problem and why I was asking for production examples. There's been some efforts here such as RAML, but it's a thing where you need to find the right balance between a full-blown macro system and a pure denotational deductive system.

> Third, if you wanted to do it not axiomatically (which is what this is: it is an axiomatic approach to runtime complexity), but definitionally, then you have to come up with a lot of definitions

The problem isn't axiomatic vs definitional, the problem is denotational vs operational. Once you decide one way or the other then the rest comes after that. Right now you can't even write a morphism between an Isabelle function and a machine function, let alone prove it.
by resfirestar | 2025-11-28 19:37:03+00:00
I'd push back on drawing a sharp line between "institutional abuse" and "genuine erotic connection among equals". As the essay points out, the MeToo campaign did use call-outs against individuals in service of its goal. Some of those callouts were alleging criminal conduct, but on the other end of the spectrum you had much more dubious stuff, or completely unsubstantiated rumors that some person was "bad". I agree that stopping institutional abuse is a noble goal, but the MeToo practice of naming and shaming personal friends in anonymous spreadsheets is the type of thing that builds the internal panopticon: what if our personal circumstances changed so that there's a power imbalance, or someone misinterpreted them? If you accept that practice on political grounds because it's a useful weapon against the "enemies of liberation" (as the author put it), can you really claim to want people to change their attitudes about sex? It doesn't work nearly as well if we stop seeing sexual behavior as inherently scandalous.
by wahnfrieden | 2025-11-28 19:37:43+00:00
That's nice for you that you made enough money from your careers to not optimize your productivity, and to enjoy spending your time with code as leisure.

You two are retired or semi-retired and interested in the pleasure of coding apparently as an unpaid hobby. But I am speaking only to the utility of LLMs for business needs as an indie - the blog post is also about making a living as an indie and speaks to LLM use in terms of what they found productive. Indie in this case means independent business, not independently retired from business...
by jjav | 2025-11-28 19:38:20+00:00
A couple of these are easy to answer.

A - Never. Cash with no return is just decaying with inflation.

B - Depends on interest. If your mortgage interest is lower than no-risk interest (e.g. SGOV) then no, you'd be throwing money away by paying off the mortgage. If OTOH your mortgage interest is substantially higher than no-risk interest, then yes, paying it off (or at least overpaying monthly) is a good idea. There is a gray area if your mortgage interest is slightly higher than no-risk return right now. Numerically it makes sense to pay the mortgage, but there is also a safety aspect in keeping the liquid cash on hand.

So that leaves some combination of C & D. The best ratio there is a harder question to answer.
by roody15 | 2025-11-28 19:38:25+00:00
“ Such metrics are often closely guarded trade secrets. But according to the Dailian report, Samsung's yields for SF2 are in the 50% to 60% range, just high enough for commercial production. The same report puts TSMC's upcoming N2 node at 80%”

Looks like Samsung is actually closer to production than Intel 18A which is still having issues with yields.

https://www.pcgamer.com/hardware/graphics-cards/samsungs-nex...
by skybrian | 2025-11-28 19:38:57+00:00
Despite talking about physical goods and services, there seems to be little in the article that goes into any detail about concrete reality, so I didn’t get much out of it other than a vague sense of foreboding.

Some nits:

The “energy cost of energy” metric seems a bit suspect and I wonder how it’s calculated. One reason I would expect it to go up because solar power is getting cheaper, and therefore it makes more sense to “waste” it on overprovisioning. Another is that the costs of fossil fuel are getting higher in some places. More detail is needed to see if it means anything.

Stock market valuations are in large part based on expectations about future growth. Perhaps these expectations are wrong? But I’m not sure that tells us anything one way or another about the wealth we already have. Perhaps some better way is needed to understand the present and past.
by andrey-serdyuk | 2025-11-28 19:39:55+00:00
I’ve pushed a new major update to TaskHub Shared modules, pet project where I experiment with architecture, observability, and reusable patterns for .NET microservices.

What’s new

Restructured Shared Kernel

The project is now split into small, focused modules:

- Commands (CQRS-style pipeline).

- Domain (Aggregates, ValueObjects, DomainEvents).

- Persistence abstractions.

- Authorization abstractions.

- GeoCoding (Nominatim client).

- Observability.

- EF Core infrastructure

- Redis, Swagger, Versioning, RateLimiter, etc.

Nothing special — just cleaner boundaries.

2. Updated Command Pipeline

I reworked the internal command pipeline to better understand how these systems work under the hood.

It now supports:

- Automatic handler/behavior discovery.

- pre/post behaviors.

- Ordered execution.

- Transformers.

- Minimal dependency injection glue.

Basically a lightweight MediatR-style pipeline, but built manually so I could learn from it.

3. Observability additions

One of my goals with TaskHub is to get practical experience with tracing and metrics.

The project now includes:

- ActivitySource-based spans.

- Command/Status tagging.

- Prometheus counters.

- OpenTelemetry wiring.

- Ontegration with Tempo/Loki/Prometheus setups.

Nothing extreme — just hands-on experimentation.

4. Domain layer cleanup

I refined the basic DDD building blocks:

- ValueObjects (with JSON and EF converters)

- Aggregates.

- Domain events.

- Domain-level exception handling.

Just trying to keep the domain model neat.

5. Service bootstrapper

I extracted all repetitive service setup (Swagger, EF, Identity, Redis, Commands, OTEL, migrations, etc.) into a simple builder to avoid duplicating the same boilerplate across services.

Why I’m doing this

Not to "create a framework", but to:

- Organize my own knowledge.

- Test new architectural ideas.

- Build reusable patterns.

- Learn more about observability.

- Improve the quality of my service foundations.

- Get better as a software engineer overall.

TaskHub is simply my personal lab.

GitHub

https://github.com/TaskHub-Server/TaskHub.Shared

Feedback welcome

If anyone finds the architecture interesting or has suggestions, I’m happy to discuss.
by catapart | 2025-11-28 19:40:12+00:00
Wow! That's a really great point of reference. I always knew text-based social media(ish) stuff should be "small", but I never had any idea if that meant a site like HN could store it's content in 1-2 TB, or if it was more like a few hundred gigs or what. To learn that it's really only tens of gigs is very surprising!
by retrac | 2025-11-28 19:40:25+00:00
It's open in the sense that anyone can use it. Without restriction. And there's no way to be banned from it. Since anyone can just drop off an anonymous letter in the post. You don't have to enter a service agreement. Just dump you satchel of letters with stamps on them, in the nearest mail box.

It's not just practically open. It's legally open; at least here in Canada, the federal postal service has a legal obligation, arising from the constitutional right to free speech, to carry any mail that has legal content, regardless of how Canada Post or its employees might feel about it. They're obligated to take those commercial service agreements regardless of content. (This has been a point of contention sometimes with graphic anti-abortion flyers delivered as ad-mail.)

The main means to deal with someone abusing the postal system is the criminal law and court orders.
by nicoburns | 2025-11-28 19:40:51+00:00
> Intel isn't a competitor to either TSMC or Samsung, their fab process is years behind.

It's certainly in Apple (and every company that requires a leading-edge fab)'s interest to try and keep Intel competitive with TSMC and Samsung. 3 companies is already too few for a truly competitive market. And 2 is worse.

I'd argue it's also in everyone's interest to have some redundancy in the chip fabrication supply chain (esp. given the geopolitical situation in Taiwan). It would already be catastrophic if TSMC's production was disrupted for any reason. It would be even more catastrophic if there was no Intel.
by kragen | 2025-11-28 19:40:54+00:00
Yeah, biofuels are laughable, but fully synthetic fuel is a plausible contender, if cheap solar energy lets us make cheap fully synthetic fuel.

Your mention of aviation fuel is relevant. That's a context where batteries are not pretty good already, although they are viable for short hops; in aviation, as in shipping, heavier batteries create more energy consumption, so a carrier with a higher specific energy per kilogram is very valuable. Conventional jet fuel is 43MJ/kg (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density#Chemical_reacti...) while lithium-ion batteries are up to about 0.8MJ/kg (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density#Electrochemical...).

Very crudely, an airplane whose weight is mostly jet fuel can fly about 50 times as far as a rechargeable-battery-powered airplane if both are going the same speed. Rechargeable batteries are 50 times worse than jet fuel. And they're improving slowly; the last time that difference halved was with the invention of lithium-ion battery, which went mainstream about 30 years ago. The previous major improvement was the lead-acid battery 120 years earlier.

However, promising alternative synthetic fuels other than paraffin include aluminum, magnesium, and zinc, which can be burned in aluminum-air batteries, magnesium-air batteries, and zinc-air batteries, respectively. Aluminum and magnesium are 31.0 and 24.7MJ/kg, respectively, but burning them in metal-air batteries instead of in heat engines allows you to extract about twice as much useful energy from the reaction, so they are in practice higher in energy density than current jet fuel.

Current aluminum prices are US$2828/tonne (https://www.lme.com/Metals/Non-ferrous/LME-Aluminium#Overvie...) which works out to 9.1¢/MJ. A barrel of oil is 6 gigajoules (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrel_of_oil_equivalent) and US$58.78 (https://www.cmegroup.com/markets/energy/crude-oil/light-swee...) which is about 0.98¢/MJ. So the price of aluminum would have to drop by about a factor of 5 to make this appealing. It's plausible that this will happen, but not before 02040.

Magnesium is 17050RMB/tonne (https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/magnesium), which is US$2410/tonne, working out to 9.8¢/MJ.
by apsurd | 2025-11-28 19:40:56+00:00
I support this view, though in my own deep thinking about it all, I've come to see that all things are leased. Life itself is leased. We are all on borrowed time with borrowed resources and social contracts.

This affects me because the urgency toward ownership and being less dependent on future money is prudent in some ways, but also naive in others?

When I think about owning property and being free of monthly rent, there's a truth to that. And it feels nice to say we've achieved generational wealth. But maintaining the property costs money and property taxes are recurring, forever. So I've relaxed on this idea that it'll be markedly different from rent.

Curious how you think about it?
by notahacker | 2025-11-28 19:41:20+00:00
Yeah. Feels like a "labour theory of value" but for energy, with the same drawbacks. Stock markets are imperfect measures of value but "it's the worst system of value allocation apart from all others that have been tried" applies here (and if you did want to come up with a "better" measure of value than stock prices, it would probably be a "hypothetical value created if the people making investment decisions made fewer mistakes and more broadly represented aggregate human wants" rather than assuming the impossibility of efficiency improvements and indexing value to commoditised energy and labour indices).

Another bold, unsupported claim in the OP is that renewables and nuclear cannot materially slow the effects of resource depletion. I mean, yes, there's not an infinite amount of land, rare earth metals and the sun won't last forever, but the resource depletion absolutely looks different from an internal combustion engine (and an efficient ICE or gas power station is the same outcome for lower material cost than an inefficient one, for that matter)
by qwertox | 2025-11-28 19:41:30+00:00
> First, I just upgraded to 2.5 Gbps internet and I don’t want to route all my traffic through a VPN and take the speed hit. I have this bandwidth for a reason

You don't have to. You create a container which runs openvpn to connect to your vpn provider, and also hosts an ssh daemon. The ssh daemon receives incoming SOCKS5 connections from a firefox portable browser, which has been configured to use the proxy (your Docker openvpn-container) for browsing and DNS resolution, and pipes it through the VPN tunnel.

So you have that one browser just to surf imgur. if that's your thing. And you could also use Firefox on Android (maybe also iOS) with those proxy settings (a secondary Firefox browser, like the beta version).

So you get very high control about what you are using the VPN for, you don't just pipe your entire OS's network traffic through the VPN.
by StillBored | 2025-11-28 19:41:45+00:00
ECC! I don't care what BS people say about ZFS/Btrfs/whatever, if a bit flips on your router hopefully the checksum fails and nothing bad happens.

If you flip a bit in memory, on the way to the disk, then its corrupt at rest, and future reads will likely propagate the error.

Sure, who cares, a glitch here/there in your kids first birthday video. Better hope the glitch is there, rather than in say the bit of code computing the sector offsets/whatever.

Stories like this hit the media every couple years, so if it can happen on the big fancy EMC/whatever then it can happen on your little NAS in the closet.

So, just pay the little extra for the CPU+MB+RAM that protects your data from the NIC all the way to the HD.
by rudedogg | 2025-11-28 19:42:33+00:00
> Could you elaborate? - thanks

The part that prompted my comment was clicking to edit a row on mobile in vertical orientation. Rather than fill the screen the edit shows up in a modal which doesn't really make sense, since you have so little horizontal space to work with. And the inputs are cut off slightly due to no padding.

And the whole admin UI overfills my (pro max) iPhone when held vertically, I think due to the navbar icons? Anyway, it'd be nice to not have to horizontally scroll to see those 40px or w/e everywhere. It makes it so you have to horizontally scroll to see or evaluate every page

One other little nice thing you could do if you wanted is prefill the username/password with the demo user.

---

Very cool project, and it's cool to see how Rust benefits the performance.
by rmah | 2025-11-28 19:43:09+00:00
While Dr. Morgan makes a few reasonable points about "real wealth" (aka points I agree with), he also hand waves many assumptions which are, at best, questionable.

Finally, be aware that he's been predicting imminent economic collapse for almost 20 years now. He'll probably be correct someday (assuming he lives a very long life), but that doesn't mean much IMO.
by DrewADesign | 2025-11-28 19:43:25+00:00
Functionally, it doesn't matter anyway. These licensing schemes only serve the owners of services large enough to legally badger other moneyed entities into retrospective payments. Individual users have no agency over their submitted content, and nobody in charge of these companies even gives a second thought to keeping it that way. As I've said many times, nobody in this space gives a shit about anything except how they look to investors and potential users-- least of all the people that make the 'content' these machines 'learn'.
by johnnyanmac | 2025-11-28 19:43:42+00:00
Of course not, that's why it's small and hidden.

As an example, you wouldn't even find a place like HN unless you are a particular kind of person or looking a a particular type of news. And I wouldn't even say HN is "hidden" per se. But it has kept its site counter to many other social media trends over the years. Those choices will build a different culture from Instagram or Tiktok.
by etra0 | 2025-11-28 19:44:33+00:00
I can totally attest this.

I was an avid viewer of r/analog. I don't know if this was 'recent' or not, but every time someone post a naked picture, either good or not, it goes rapidly to Top posts.

Even though it used to had many comments like "This photo is not interesting other than the naked woman", the upvotes arrived anyway.

I think nowadays they mostly block the comments in those posts, but what used to be an inspiring subreddit that would pop from time to time in my feed, is not longer that interesting to me.
by epistasis | 2025-11-28 19:45:22+00:00
I wish this had a bit more technical information, because I don't think I learned much here other than some people are looking into it, and apparently shouldn't subpoena IPs or anything.

Is there a time zone misalignment, perhaps? If it's one or two searches, could it be the shooter searching their own name? Unless there's a clear technical reason showing these to be artifactual, why is a subpoena premature?
by pinkmuffinere | 2025-11-28 19:45:38+00:00
What a shitty plot. Here are the sins I count:

1. No y axis label.

2. It supposedly plots a “rate”, but the time interval is unspecified. Per second? Per month? Per year? Intuitively my best guess is that the rate is per-year. However that would imply the second plot believes we are very near to 100% adoption, which I think we know is false. So what is this? Some esoteric time interval like bi-yearly?

3. More likely, it is not a rate at all, but instead a plot of total adoption. In this case, the title is chosen _very_ poorly. The author of the plot probably doesn’t know what they’re looking at.

4. Without grid lines, it’s very hard to read the data in the middle of the plot.
by anonym29 | 2025-11-28 19:46:41+00:00
Depends on quite a few other factors, but if someone with a GrayKey or Cellebrite appliance gets your phone, there's a good chance they can get in both in BFU and AFU states, even if locked. Once unlocked (or broken into), stock Signal offers you zero protection, while Molly forces them to start a brute force attack against the password you gave Molly.

This is less true for fully patched GrapheneOS devices than it is for fully patched iOS and other Android devices, but this space is basically a constantly evolving cat and mouse game. We don't get a press release when GrayKey or Cellebrite develop a new zero day, so defense in depth can be helpful even for hardened platforms like GOS.