MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by josephg | 2025-11-29 22:19:20+00:00
> In Fil-C: compile those dependencies with Fil-C, and then the whole process is safe.

Great work on Fil-C by the way. Very technically impressive stuff!

It seems like the competition for Fil-C is other garbage collected languages. Rust will always outperform Fil-C, with the caveat that rust allows unsafe blocks, raw pointers and raw C FFI. But if you’re happy to ditch performance and the ability to do bare metal systems level programming, why Fil-C over Go or C#?

If you want a safer, less convenient dialect of rust, that also exists. Just don’t use or depend on any unsafe code in your program. (There are 3rd party tools to check this). More and more C libraries are getting pure rust ports these days. It’s increasingly rare to actually need to pull in C libraries at all. Sticking to safe rust is a bit inconvenient - but I suspect so is using fil-c. I suppose with fil-C you can use any libraries you want, you’ve just gotta recompile them. That’s cool!

Rust has a bunch of unsafe code in std, so you’re still at risk of a bug there causing safety problems. But the same is true of Fil-C.

I could definitely see myself reaching for Fil-C when running legacy code. It’d be nice if there was a way to use fil-C to protect my rust program from memory bugs in C dependencies. But I can think of dozens of ways why that would be tricky to pull off.

Also I’m curious - can Fil-C protect against threading bugs like rust can? Rust has Send & Sync traits to mark which objects can be safely shared between threads. I can’t think of a way to do that in an automated way without help from the programmer.
by grim_io | 2025-11-29 22:19:41+00:00
Ah, the joys of

sudo pip install

If you are unexperienced, I recommend you stick with uv and set the env var: UV_MANAGED_PYTHON=true

This will make uv not consider system python, only the uv-managed python versions. No more f-ing up the system python and juggling with multiple apt-installed python versions.
by bediger4000 | 2025-11-29 22:20:01+00:00
This appears to be a reaction to that video that Democrat veterans did about how it's a soldier's duty to disobey illegal orders.

We can watch that video with our own eyes, and see Trump's Truth Social post reacting to it, again with our own eyes. Why are we being gaslit on this issue?

Where are Matt Taibbi and the rest of the freedom of speech brigade?
by globalnode | 2025-11-29 22:20:20+00:00
That is interesting and made me think. Only after following some of the other subcomments did I manage to understand it. Personally, replacing the word similarity ratio with scale factor made all the difference. At first I thought it was a circular argument, relying on pythag to prove pythag but that scale factor is the key actually, and the fact that side lengths scale linearly but the area scales quadratically. It feels like a similar trick we see when adding logarithms gives us multiplication.
by immibis | 2025-11-29 22:20:42+00:00
But even given that, how is it that everything doesn't work very well?

The normal functioning of markets would be that badly-working things are slowly driven out, while well-working things grow and replace them. Even without any reference to financial markets, this is simply what you expect to happen when people have a variety of things to choose from.

I could hypothesize that markets have evolved to the point where it's impossible for new things to grow unless they are already shit. Perhaps because everyone's too busy working for the shit things (which is partly because the government keeps printing money to the previously successful things in order to prevent the economy collapsing and therefore landlords got to charge exorbitant rent) or perhaps because they just don't have any money because of the above, and can only afford the cheap shit things (but a lot of the shit things are expensive?) or perhaps because people are afraid to start new things because they're afraid of the government (I've observed that not infrequently on HN, also something something testosterone microplastics) or perhaps because advertising effectiveness has reached the point where new things never become discoverable and stay crowded out as old things ramp up advertisement to compensate or perhaps we're just all depressed (because of the housing market probably).
by kerim-ca | 2025-11-29 22:21:27+00:00
> McCarthy looked at those and he said every house is going to have one of these. And he didn't worry about personal computing or anything because what he thought—what the thing that occurred to him—this is like getting your power from the outside, this is like getting your water from the outside, it's going to be a utility. It'll be a universal utility, be like the telephone. Everybody will have one of these things and there will be national Computing centers that everybody can tap into. And he started thinking about it and he realized: oh, the problem is nobody can deal with computers on the computer's terms. We need a common sense way of dealing with computation. And so he proposed that there be an agent called the advice taker that you could have back and forth with, and not just ask it questions but tell it things and have it reason. And there's a whole bunch of interesting stuff in there.

This part reminded me of CLI Agents
by griffzhowl | 2025-11-29 22:22:10+00:00
That sounds like the same circularity, since you'll have to assume numbers exist before proving any statements about them.

Physical objects aren't like that because you can discover that they exist by empirical investigation.

In mathematics the discoveries are about the logical implications of sets of axioms. Some of those axioms contain assertions of existence, like a number 0 in Peano arithmetic or the empty set in set theory, and then you can prove statements about these objects based on the axioms. It's circular to infer from these conclusions that the axioms are true.

What's interesting is why certain axiom systems are so useful and fruitful. Personally I think it's because they evolved that way from our investigations of the physical world, but that's another matter
by thom | 2025-11-29 22:22:50+00:00
A corollary to this, for me at least, has always been: don’t try to fake your way into an opportunity. Be yourself, let people pass on the real you if they want, because you don’t want to land a job where you can’t thrive as yourself. Obviously there’s great privilege in that and sometimes you need to eat shit in order to eat at all, but if you have the option I hope you’re able to wait for the right fit.
by Ygg2 | 2025-11-29 22:23:00+00:00
Clippy was Daikatana of its time. Horrible, poorly thought out and annoying. Yet in most way, infinitely better than modern AAA shooters.

Louis Rossmann talks about it in his original Clippy talk: the issue isn't going to the good old days[1], but to spook current set of software rulers to do better. Think of it as an Anonymous mask for the Right to Repair.

[1]https://youtu.be/2_Dtmpe9qaQ?t=344
by exceptione | 2025-11-29 22:23:01+00:00
> Yet it out innovates all of Europe, Canada, Australia, other places that have incredible social "safety nets".

Probability: highly unlikely.

Speaking for Europe, I see a lot of silent innovation. No press, no LinkedIn posts, not an article on their website. There are a lot of US firms that shop in Europe for high tech. (I know of instances were the US company buys the IP from the EU supplier + take public credit for it + forbids the supplier for showcasing their success in public.)

What is different is:

1) the amount of money available in the US. The US enjoyed a very beneficial position post-WOII, enabling them to run high deficits.

2) the US has a positive attitude to entrepreneurship. You are not a failure when your company goes bankrupt, you learn from it and you go-go-go.
by seethishat | 2025-11-29 22:23:04+00:00
LandLock is a Minor LSM intended for software developers. They incorporate it into their source code to limit where the programs may read/write. Here's a simple Go example:

package main import ( "flag" "fmt" "github.com/landlock-lsm/go-landlock/landlock" "io/ioutil" "log" "os" ) // simple program that demonstrates how landlock works in Go on Linux systems. // Requires 5.13 or newer kernel and .config should look something like this: // CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK=y // CONFIG_LSM="landlock,lockdown,yama,loadpin,safesetid,integrity,apparmor,selinux,smack,tomoyo" func main() { var help = flag.Bool("help", false, "landlock-example -f /path/to/file.txt") var file = flag.String("f", "", "the file path to read") flag.Parse() if *help || len(os.Args) == 1 { flag.PrintDefaults() return } // allow the program to read files in /home/user/tmp err := landlock.V1.RestrictPaths(landlock.RODirs("/home/user/tmp")) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } // attempt to read a file bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*file) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Println(string(bytes)) }
by Rochus | 2025-11-29 22:23:08+00:00
It's interesting that Odersky started with Modula-2 (implementing a Z80 compiler), did a PhD with Wirth, but there discovered that functional programming offered a level of theoretical rigor and mathematical elegance he missed in Wirth's imperative languages. Wirth was generally critical of the complexity and abstraction often associated with functional languages. Rather than rejecting Wirth's pragmatism, he carried it forward by attempting to make functional programming "industry-ready".
by AlotOfReading | 2025-11-29 22:24:40+00:00
The goal of formal verification and safety critical code is _not_ to eliminate undefined behavior, it is to fail safely.

Software safety cases depend on being able to link the executable semantics of the code to your software safety requirements.

You don't inherently need to eliminate UB to define the executable semantics of your code, but in practice you do. You could do binary analysis of the final image instead. You wouldn't even need a qualified toolchain this way. The semantics generated would only be valid for that exact build, and validation is one of the most expensive/time-consuming parts of safety critical development.

Most people instead work at the source code level, and rely on qualified toolchains to translate defined code into binaries with equivalent semantics. Trying to define the executable semantics of source code inherently requires eliminating UB, because the kind of "unrestricted UB" we're talking about has no executable semantics, nor does any code containing it. Qualified toolchains (e.g. Compcert, Green Hills, GCC with solidsand, Diab) don't guarantee correct translation of code without defined semantics, and coding standards like MISRA also require eliminating it.

As a matter of actual practice, safety critical processes "optimistically ignore" some level of undefined behavior, but that's not because it's acceptable from a principled stance on UB.
by ryandrake | 2025-11-29 22:25:00+00:00
It's like a baseball game. Most people are benched their whole lives. They never get a chance at the plate. More privileged people with a lucky combination of the right family, the right education, the right timing, and the right opportunity get an at-bat, and they'll either strike out, or hit the ball. A few very lucky people will get to stand at the plate maybe once or twice more.

The wealthy get infinite at-bats. They get to stand at the plate for however long they want, and swing and swing until they get their home run. I worked with a founder like this. He would always talk about his business's humble beginnings, starting from a garage and so on--you know the story. What he would neglect to admit was this was like his 7th try. Every time he failed, he'd just chill on his family's couch, dreaming up his next startup idea.
by embedding-shape | 2025-11-29 22:25:03+00:00
It sounds like an article to sell a book (Whose author is being interview in this article, supposedly), the whole gist of the argument is basically:

> And, while Assassin’s Creed games may directly reference conspiracy theories, Kunzelman argues that, crucially, following just about any modern franchise, from Star Wars to Love Is Blind, has quite a bit in common with being a conspiracy theorist.

Yes, made up stories have a lot in common with conspiracy theories, not sure this is very surprising.
by ianbutler | 2025-11-29 22:26:29+00:00
Okay and if they had said Google we wouldn't be doing this dance, people just hate AI and its obnoxious to see comments about it on HN all the time. On a crypto post no less.

We get it you guys don't like AI, next!

It is equally obnoxious to people who talk about AI for everything as if it is a savior, it's a tool use it or don't.
by anon84873628 | 2025-11-29 22:27:21+00:00
There is a reason we name eras after materials - the bronze age, iron age, etc. Currently we're living in the silicon age.

Progress in fundamental materials science tends to unlock whole new technology paradigms.

You can do city planning with sod and stone. Mobile phones, on the other hand, require a nearly incomprehensible level of materials innovation. It is everything from the battery to conductive touch screen glass to plastic casing to silicon microchip... Not to mention all the science of satellites and rockets and radio waves that make them useful...

By the way, the show "Connections" by James Burke is brilliant. A must-watch for any tech curious nerd.
by vagab0nd | 2025-11-29 22:29:03+00:00
If an outsider is ever allowed to have a simplified mental model of why nvidia was unbeatable, here's mine:

- they were way ahead, and they didn't make any big mistakes

- they weren't waiting for others to catch up. They were aggressively improving

- memory bandwidth is almost always the bottleneck. Hence systolic array is "overrated". Furthermore, interconnect is the new bottleneck now

- cuda offers the most flexibility in the world of ever changing model requirements
by agf | 2025-11-29 22:29:14+00:00
In some areas and for some people, Medicaid probably does count as proper healthcare. But it certainly doesn't for other people / other places. Imagine there being one doctor within a multi-million person metro area who takes Medicaid for some sub-specialty. 90 minutes away from you by car. And you don't have a car. This is the reality for millions of Medicaid recipients, including ones I know personally in Chicago.
by tim333 | 2025-11-29 22:29:30+00:00
This seems a bit muddled - he seems to say UBI boosters should avoid debating "no one will work" and "we can't afford it" because then critics will ask "Did the people who got the UBI ‘work’ as much as the people who didn’t?".

I don't see why you shouldn't debate such stuff. My take is UBI wouldn't be a good idea just now for such reasons but in the future we may be able to answer that that's fine because the robots will do the work as needed.
by insane_dreamer | 2025-11-29 22:30:49+00:00
Sorry to say but it's another example of the destructive power of AI, along the lines of no longer being able to establish "truth" now that any evidence (video, audio, image, etc.) can be explicitly faked (yes, AI detectors exist but that will be a continuous race with AIs designed to outsmart the detectors). The end result could be that peer reviews become worthless and trust in scientific research -- already at an all time low -- becomes even lower. Sad.
Show HN: ClearHearAI-The Essential App for Hearing Impaired and Deaf Communities
by justinos | 2025-11-29 22:31:00+00:00
I built ClearHearAI to help hearing impaired and deaf people. It is a transcription app that provides context indicators (e.g. when questions are asked, urgent keywords are detected, conversation is happening). All audio processing happens entirely on your device - your voice never leaves your computer. Conversation transcripts are stored locally on the device.

Any feedback welcomed.
by jonjacky | 2025-11-29 22:31:27+00:00
I understand that they had access to other computer culture, too ... some of the nonsense noises that Dr. Memory makes as Clem hacks into the backend of the ‘President’ are terms that come from the DEC PDP-10 ...

Around 1970, the Firesign Theatre used to do live broadcasts on the KPPC radio station in Pasadena, from a studio in a church basement. On one show they read what was apparently some piece of avant-garde poetry. A Caltech classmate of mine recognized that it was an example from Knuth's Art of Computer Programming, whose Vol.1 had recently appeared.

All I can remember from the "poem" is the repeated phrase "leave system." Sure enough, in section 2.2.5 p. 280 - 295 of Vol 1 in the Second Edition, Knuth presents an extended example that "simulates the elevator system in the mathematics building of the California Institute of Technology." The "poem" quoted the comments in the execution trace shown in Table 1 on p. 284.
by pizlonator | 2025-11-29 22:32:46+00:00
> It seems like the competition for Fil-C is other garbage collected languages. Rust will always outperform Fil-C, with the caveat that rust allows unsafe blocks, raw pointers and raw C FFI. But if you’re happy to ditch performance and the ability to do bare metal systems level programming, why Fil-C over Go or C#?

Say you wanted to write a tool like sudo in C# or Go. Here's what would happen: you'd end up having to rely on dependent libraries, like pam, which then relies on other things like libselinux and libaudit. And libselinux depends on pcre2. Those things would be compiled with Yolo-C, so while your sudo tool's new code written by you would be safe, the process would mostly contain unsafe code.

But if you write sudo in Fil-C, then you can rely on all of those dependencies being compiled with Fil-C. The whole process is safe.

So, the reason why you'd pick Fil-C is that it's actually memory safe for real, unlike the alternatives, which just give you safety for newly written code but pull in a ton of unsafe depenendencies.

> If you want a safer, less convenient dialect of rust, that also exists. Just don’t use or depend on any unsafe code in your program. (There are 3rd party tools to check this).

That's impractical for the reasons above.

> Also I’m curious - can Fil-C protect against threading bugs like rust can?

Not like Rust can, but yes, it does.

Fil-C preserves memory safety under races. This means that debugging multithreaded C/C++ programs in Fil-C is a much nicer experience than in Yolo-C. If you do something wrong, you're going to get a panic - similar to how multithreading bugs in Java or C# lead to exceptions.

But, unlike Rust, Fil-C does not attempt to ensure race-freedom for your own logic.
by tim333 | 2025-11-29 22:33:48+00:00
The UK system is something of a mess with perverse incentives. There is 'job seekers allowance' based on seeking work but a lot of people either work and pay taxes or go on disability which you can do by saying you are depressed and the receive income from the taxes on the working people.

The situation makes it quite hard to work if you are on disability and similar which has led the the numbers shooting up

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskBrits/comments/1mxxksa/whats_dri...

If you extrapolate the graph in the link in a few decades no one will work and we'll all live by claiming benefits off each other. UBI might be better.
by benoau | 2025-11-29 22:34:15+00:00
I think the main thing you're missing is creating an account in the DB that only has access to those views, so for each customer you'd do something like:

CREATE USER customer_xyz WITH PASSWORD 'foo'; CREATE VIEW customer_xyz_data AS SELECT * FROM data_stuff WHERE customer_id=x; GRANT SELECT ON customer_xyz_data TO customer_xyz;

So then two things are happening, SELECT-only is being enforced by the view itself no matter what, and their account is categorically unable to touch anything outside of that view too, so as long as you run their queries through that account it will always be sandboxed.

You can enforce all of that yourself but ultimately if they're using an account that can read/write other tables you will always have to be careful to make sure you are sanitizing their input not just to selecting but like, limiting joins and nested queries too.
Show HN: Raytha v1.5 – open-source .NET CMS with a new visual page builder
by apexdodge | 2025-11-29 22:35:45+00:00
Raytha is an open source .NET CMS. v1.5 adds a visual page builder (drag and drop widgets) on top of the existing Liquid templating system.

Main pieces: custom content types, templating, embedded functions, RBAC, headless REST API, audit logs, SAML/JWT SSO, revision history, and S3/Azure/local storage support.

Deployment is minimal: a single Docker container, Postgres, and SMTP. There’s also a one-click Railway deploy.

Goal: deploy once, theme fast, and iterate without opening a full .NET project for every change.

Feedback welcome.
by razighter777 | 2025-11-29 22:36:22+00:00
Comparing landlock to containers isn't really an apples to apples comparison. Containers use a bunch of linux security mechanisms together like chroot seccomp and user namespaces to accomplish their goals. Landlock is just another building block that devs can use.

Fun fact: because landlock is unprivleged, you can even use it inside containers; or to build an unprivileged container runtime :)
by seethishat | 2025-11-29 22:36:24+00:00
Firejail requires SUID, LandLock does not.

Also, it's very easy to write your own LandLock policy in the programming language of your choice and wrap whatever program you like rather than downloading stuff from Github. Here's another example in Go:

package main import ( "fmt" "github.com/landlock-lsm/go-landlock/landlock" "log" "os" "os/exec" ) func main() { // Define the LandLock policy err := landlock.V1.RestrictPaths(...) // Execute FireFox cmd := exec.Command("/usr/bin/firefox") }
by Razengan | 2025-11-29 22:36:28+00:00
But people who are against UBI by default seem to want some kind of "policing" before they'll consider it.

Various countries have various things that operate on similar principles, such as transit cards etc.

Hell, even VIDEO GAMES have done this: Special "premium" currencies that you can use only for certain things, buy with realmoney or earn through various activities, and cannot trade.
Show HN: Xlerb – A Compiled "Forth" for the Beam
by shawa_a_a | 2025-11-29 22:36:40+00:00
Hello

I've been working on a small stack language for the BEAM in my free time called 'Xlerb'.

I read Starting Forth and thought it would be interesting to see if you could send messages to other stacks etc, and the BEAM seemed like a great fit.

Xlerb is a small leex/yecc grammar and a simple-ish compiler that takes Forth-ish code and turns it into regular BEAM modules.

The modules it produces just export functions from stack to stack, so there's a good interop story with Elixir/Erlang (if you'd ever want to do that?).

I've the syntax a bit beyond a 'strict' forth with pattern matching, that makes it feel a bit more natural of a BEAM language (with different function heads etc). It was a fun exercise translating that into the Erlang primitives of case, send, receive etc.

I've got a website at https://xlerb.wtf with a bit more, and you can get the code/compiler/repl at https://github.com/shawa/xlerb

Let me know what you think!
by raw_anon_1111 | 2025-11-29 22:36:42+00:00
This is not true. No matter how many different teams I try out for, I as a 51 year old short male with a limp will never be a star basketball player or ever make it to even the D leagues.

There are plenty of people who tried repeatedly to “succeed” in their own company and failed. Let’s say I did try to start my own company at 22 10x and spent 3 years at each one. I’m now 52 and would have been better off just working those 30 years and saving and investing with a lot less stress