MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by erotterschild | 2025-11-20 22:59:53+00:00
Post-Einsteinian (Hyper-Relative) Time Dilation:

Why necessary? It's not the speed of light, it's the velocity of time! it's not the speed of time, it's the velocity of light!

Insight: (Wave-)particles travelling directly towards/away from one another, as in trains on a lone chicken track.

Rothschild Equation:

kinetic energy = KE = 0.5mv^2 (ie from E=mc^2) q factor velocity speed up dKE(q):=(0.5m(qv)^2)/(0.5mv^2)=q^2=KE(q)/KE(1) “additional energy required to (multiplicatively) rescale velocity by q” WoLoG q=qv=(2dKE(q)/m)^0.5 (substitution of variables by mapping a q=q’’ from scalar to vector space q’ by projective geometry ie dot product by a vector q’ instead of multiplication by a scalar q’’ such that (q’•v)^2=(q’’v)^2 dropping the apostrophes for tidiness of notation since both are free, ie you assume v is a unit vector and then swap q with v unit from speed space to qv with qv free in speed space (same as q and v both free in speed space)) qv=d(qD)/dt where D is distance (ie from either neg or pos sqrt) dt=|d(qD)/((2dKE(q)/m)^0.5)| dt=|d(D)sqrt(m/2)| because D is free! dT=sign(dD)dt

Look, in my theory of physics, time can flow forwards or backwards!

Rothschild Equation (Big Bang Formulation)

Cosine Rule for Triangles (scalar): c^2=a^2+b^2-2abcos(t)

Notation: a=(a1,a2);b=(b1,b2) a.b=a1b1+a2b2 ||a||=+/-sqrt(a1^2+a2^2)

Rotter's Cosine Rule for Triangles (Vectors): c.c=a.a+b.b-2a.bcos(t)=a.a+b.b-2(a.b)^2/(||a||b||)

Cosine Rule for Inner (Dot) Products cos(t)=a.b/(||a||b||)

Rothschild (Derivative) Equation (Big Bang Formulation) dT/dS=+/-dDt/dDssqrt(mt/ms) "Velocity vectors from a shared spatial origin".

Note: dD:=d||v||

Invoke: Rotter's Cosine Rule for Triangles (Vectors) sqrt(c.c)=|dDt/dDs|

Therefore: dT/dS=+/-sqrt(Dt.Dt+Ds.Ds-2(Dt.Ds)^2/(||Dt||Ds||))sqrt(mt/ms)

Conclusion:

RELATIVE TIME = RELATIVE SPEED SQUARE ROOT OF RELATIVE MASS

Rothschild (Derivative) Equation (In General, Not a Big Bang Theorem): Dt=(1-vt.rz/||vt||-vt.vs//||vt||)vt ; vs calc in an orthogonal space of vt Dt'=Dt||vt||/||Dt||

R^n\{0}:=relative n-dimensional real number system (without the origin)

rz=relative spatial vector=(y1,y2,y3)-(x1,x2,x3) x,y in R^3

It's (trivially!) the same equation as Big Bang formulation with a change of variables!
by bayarearefugee | 2025-11-20 23:00:28+00:00
Its not a new problem though, and its not just billing. The UI across Gemini just generally sucks (across AI Studio and the chat interfaces) and there's lots of annoying failure cases where Gemini will just timeout and stop working entirely midrequest.

Been like this for quite a while, well before Gemini 3.

So far I continue to put up with it because I find the model to be the best commercial option for my usage, but its amazing how bad modern Google is at just basic web app UX and infrastructure when they were the gold standard for such for like, arguably decades prior.
by ajross | 2025-11-20 23:00:45+00:00
This is HN, no one here is ignorant of the issue. Even granting your framing, you're addressing the wrong audience. This is the choir here, not the laity.

Look, no, that's just wrong. Immigration enforcement overreach (and law enforcement overreach more generally) is an almost purely republican issue. Period. Trying to silence criticism, especially in this forum, is simply trying to deflect blame.
by ash_091 | 2025-11-20 23:00:52+00:00
A train can go from "cruising speed" to letting passengers off to escape a fire in about a minute.

A plane might take anywhere from five minutes to several hours to be able to safely let passengers out.

Personally I feel that's a good enough reason to impose more robust restrictions on Things Which May Cause Fire on planes compared to trains. Especially in the case of lithium batteries where they're more or less impossible to extinguish one they're going.
by toast0 | 2025-11-20 23:01:30+00:00
> If I'm parsing this correctly, they're saying that fatigue cracks should have been visible in the aft pylon mount, and that the forward mount was similarly fatigued but showed no damage on the outside?

If you can get to the report, Figure 7 shows the left pylon, with the forward and aft lug enlarged in the inset. Both lugs cracked on two sides. They're saying both cracks on the aft lug as well as the inboard crack on the forward lug were observed to be fatigue cracks, but the forward lug outboard fracture was observed to be entirely a stress crack.

Outboard and inboard are just away from and towards the center of the plane. On the left pylon, that's left and right, respectively. So, it looks like the left side crack in the forward lug developed from overstress, but the other three cracks were from fatigue. My expectation is that fatigue should be apparent upon the right kind of inspection, if timely, even if the metal has yet to fracture.
by reactordev | 2025-11-20 23:02:14+00:00
His father had lots of children, 4 of which became musicians, of which JSB was the last child, the baby. Barbara Margaretha tried to take the family purse (having already been twice widowed). JSB was “orphaned” but his older brothers were adults. Let’s be real.

(Who gets married and dies 3 months later?)
by potato3732842 | 2025-11-20 23:02:32+00:00
My jaded AF crystal ball called history says that these things never change until the petite-bourgeoise (I'm no Marx fan, but I think he did a good job with that part of his social class classification system) are seriously harmed by it. The rulers don't care. The poor have real problems. This sorts of crap happens or doesn't happen at the behest of the materially comfortable people in the middle. And it seems like they never learn except the hard way.
by data-ottawa | 2025-11-20 23:02:45+00:00
Search is AI now, so I don’t get what your argument is.

Since 2019 Google and Bing both use BERT style encoder-only search architecture.

I’ve been using Kagi ki (now research assistant) for months and it is a fantastic product that genuinely improves the search experience.

So overall I’m quite happy they made these investments. When you look at Google and Perplexity this is largely the direction the industry is going.

They’re building tools on other LLMs and basically running open router or something behind the scenes. They even show you your token use/cost against your allowance/budget in the billing page so you know what you’re paying for. They’re not training their own from-scratch LLMs, which I would consider a waste of money at their size/scale.
by Sohcahtoa82 | 2025-11-20 23:02:59+00:00
> Here we say that the LLM answers the question "if the last N tokens of a fixed text were s_1, s_2, ..., s_N, what is the following token likely to be?".

> Or, rephrased, the LLM is a lookup table which tells you "if the last N tokens were s_1, s_2, ..., s_N, then the following token will be t_1 with probability p_1, t_2 with probability p_2, etc...".

This is an oversimplication of an LLM.

The output layer of an LLM contains logits of all tokens in the vocabulary. This can mean every word, word fragment, punctuation mark, or whatever emoji or symbol it knows. Because the logits are calculated through a whole lot of floating point math, it's very likely that most results will be non-zero. Very close to zero, but still non-zero.

This means that gibberish options for the next token have non-zero probabilities of being chosen. The only reason they don't in reality is because of top-k sampling, temperature, and other filtering that's done on the logits before actually choosing a token.

If you present a s_1, s_2, ... s_N to a Markov Chain when that series was never seen by the chain, then the resulting probabilities is an empty set. But if you present them to an LLM, it gets fed into a neural network and eventually a set of logits comes out, and you can still choose the next token based on it.
by greedo | 2025-11-20 23:03:32+00:00
When have there ever been "civil disruptions" due to a low minimum wage in the US? Federal minimum wage has been underwater all of my life. If the minimum wage law had any teeth (requiring Congress to stop fellating business owners), it would at least be tied to the inflation rate (as Social Security tends to be).

If the Federal minimum wage had kept up with inflation since it's peak value in 1968, it would be close to $26/hour.
by kombine | 2025-11-20 23:03:46+00:00
I don't keep the record of every thing that I don't like about MacOS, but here's some:

- cannot keep natural scrolling for trackpad whilst having the expected scrolling behaviour for the mouse

- needs an external app for fractional display scaling

- screenshot tool is objectively inferior to that in Plasma, eg. not clear how to annotate a screenshot or copy it to clipboard

- Dolphin file browser is has cleaner and simpler UI, is more configurable and has a built-in terminal which is super handy.

...
by axus | 2025-11-20 23:04:16+00:00
Here's a job posting for CBP: https://www.usajobs.gov/job/849185400 I'm having trouble finding the ICE requirements, my understanding is even less than CBP. The ones without firearms training won't have guns, fortunately.

Compare to state police officers, who go through half a year of academy. FBI needs a college education or two years work experience, and then they do another 1000 hours of training.

If you've ever watched real cops working, the difference in training / professionalism is obvious. They will identify themselves, and be familiar with the case history before dragging anyone away.

Here's one of the apps used: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Fortify . ICE agents aren't psychic. There's a database of people who's legal status has expired, the database is not perfect. An ICE official decides who is guilty and issues a civil arrest warrant. The supervisor sends agents to where the computer has tracked them, and the agents arrests if the computer says so. There's no judge issuing the warrant before, or trying the case afterward.

These are a real changes in America, we have a right to speak about it, and it's reasonable to guard against these tools being turned on Trump's "enemies within" next.
by herval | 2025-11-20 23:04:50+00:00
Google APIs in general are hilariously hard to adopt. With any other service on the planet, you go to a platform page, grab an api key and you’re good to go.

Want to use Google’s gmail, maps, calendar or gemini api? Create a cloud account, create an app, enable the gmail service, create an oauth app, download a json file. Cmon now…
by saghm | 2025-11-20 23:04:54+00:00
> We are moving to a future where these subscriptions will be separate. Even today more that 80% of our members use Kagi Assistant and our other AI-supported products so saying "people are NOT paying Kagi for bullshit AI tools" is not accurate, mostly in the sense that we are not in the business of creating bullshit tools.

For what it's worth, as someone who tends to be pretty skeptical of introducing AI tools into my life, this statistic doesn't really convince me much of the utility of them. I'm not sure how to differentiate this from selection bias where users who don't want to use AI tools just don't subscribe in the first place rather than this being a signal that the AI tools are worthwhile for people outside of a niche group who are already interested enough to pay for them.

This isn't as strong a claim as what the parent comment was saying; it's not saying that the users you have don't want to be paying for AI tools, but it doesn't mean that there aren't people who are actively avoiding paying for them either. I don't pretend to have any sort of insight into whether this is a large enough group to be worth prioritizing, but I don't think the statement of your perspective here is going to be particularly compelling to anyone who doesn't already agree with you.
by dragonwriter | 2025-11-20 23:05:09+00:00
I think, strictly speaking, autoregressive LLMs are markov chains of a very high order.

The trick (aside from the order) is the training process by which they are derived from their source data. Simply enumerating the states and transitions in the source data and the probability of each transition from each state in the source doesn’t get you an LLM.
by mattmanser | 2025-11-20 23:06:42+00:00
I'd say it was pretty naunced. Use it, but don't vibe code. The crux of the issue is that unless you're still writing the code it's too hard to notice when Claude or Codex makes a mountain out of a mole hill, too easy to miss the subtle bugs, too easy to miss the easy abstractions which would have vastly simplified the code.

And I do web dev, the code is rubbish. It's actually got subtle problems, even though it fails less. It often munges together loads of old APIs or deprecated ways of doing things. God forbid you need to deal with something like react router or MUI as it will combine code from several different versions.

And yes, people are using these tools to directly put code in. I see devs DOING it. The code sucks.

Vibe coded PRs are a huge timesink that OTHER people end up fixing.

One guy let it run and it changed code in an entirely unrelated part of the system and he didn't even notice. Worse, when scanning the PR it looked reasonable, until I went to fix a 350 line service Claude or codex had puked out that could be rewritten in 20 lines, and realized the code files were in an entirely different search system.

They're also generally both terrible at abstracting code. So you end up with tons of code that does sweet FA over and over. And the constant over engineering and exception handling theatre it does makes it look like it's written a lot of code when it's basically turned what should be a 5 liner into an essay.

Ugh. This is like coding in the FactoryFactoryFactory days all over again.
by x0x0 | 2025-11-20 23:06:58+00:00
Discovering new settings that I was opted in to without being asked does not scream good faith.

Separately, their help docs are gibberish. They must use this phrase 20 times: "content is not used for training generative AI models outside of your domain without your permission." Without telling you if that checkbox is that permission; where that permission is set; or indeed, even if that permission is set. From reading their documentation, I cannot tell if that checkbox in gmail allows using my data outside my organization or not.
by bloomingeek | 2025-11-20 23:07:08+00:00
After graduating high school, our daughter became a "member" working for Disney World. We made several driving trips back and forth to visit or bring her stuff she wanted or just for the heck of it. Then after a while we flew out, rented a van and brought all her things and her back home. Was that suspicious?

The same daughter and our son-in-law lived in Huntsville Alabama while he finished his post grad degree. I can't tell you how many trips we made then to visit, tour and eat at restaurants around town. Was that suspicious?

In 2023, we drove a round-about way to Phoenix to purchase a puppy. We visited Carlsbad New Mexico and several national parks after driving through the panhandle of Texas, in some of the remotest highways I've ever been on. (And beautiful too!) On the way home, we took a different route to see more of the states. Was that suspicious?

If I would have been pulled over and asked what I was doing, I would have said it was none of their damn business, I'd broken no laws. (Yes, I would have said we are on a trip to buy a dog and are heading home, but to be grilled, hell no!) How is this legal? I'm a white guy in his late sixties, is it fair they wouldn't suspect me because of that? Does the rule of law crumbling bother anyone anymore?
by Aurornis | 2025-11-20 23:07:39+00:00
You’ll have to be more specific about your price range. There are a lot of server and workstation chipsets/platforms that will have a large number of PCIe lanes, but you will pay for them.

I really suggest not seeking a lot of PCIe lanes unless you really need them right now, though. The price premium for a platform with a lot of extra PCIe is very steep once you get past consumer boards. It would be a shame to spend a huge premium on a server board and settle for slower older tech CPUs only to have all of those slots sit empty.

It’s a good idea to add up the PCIe devices you will use and the actual bandwidth they need. You lose very little by running a GPU in a PCIe x8 slot instead of a full x16 slot, for example. A 10G Ethernet card only needs 1 lane of PCIe 4.0. Even fast SSDs can get away with half of their lanes and you’ll never notice except in rare cases of sustained large file transfers.
by vessenes | 2025-11-20 23:07:43+00:00
Oh man, there is so, so much pain here. Random example - if GOOGLE_GENAI_USE_VERTEXAI=true in your environment, woe betide you if you're trying to use gemini cli with an API key. Error messages don't match up with actual problems, you'll be told to log in using the cli auth for google, then you'll be told your API keys have no access.. It's just a huge mess. I still don't really know if I'm using a vertex API key or a non-vertex one, and I don't want to touch anything since I somehow got things running..

Anyway vai com dios, I know that there's a fundamental level of complexity deploying at google, and deploying globally, but it's just really hard compared to some competitors. Sadly, because the gemini series is excellent!
by russellbeattie | 2025-11-20 23:08:28+00:00
What are you talking about? For all intents and purposes it is all innocents, and you know it. Arguing otherwise is just that - an argument, said just to try to "win" for your "side".

You're advocating that we assume everyone is a violent criminal so that we can jail that 1 in 9,000 that actually is dangerous. Guilty until proven innocent. You can't get more un-American than that, really.
by tenacious_tuna | 2025-11-20 23:09:26+00:00
> collusion

I don't really think it's "collusion" so much as it's a question of incentives. Most Western countries want cheap/captive labor, and immigration policy is one way to achieve that with a very long historical precedent. (Much of the Western US railroads were originally built by a predominantly Chinese immigrant workforce; earlier, the colonies relied heavily on Irish laborers as well.)

How much of our labor is comprised of immigrants, documented or otherwise? We've seen what happens when we make it difficult or impossible for cheap labor to make it into farm fields with Brexit: fruit rots on trees and farmers lose piles of money and grocery stores go without berries for the season.

Similarly, what will happen when cheap labor for hotels, construction, landscaping, or manufacturing dries up?

To be clear, I think the status quo is also bad: those jobs trend towards being exploitative, and immigrants are easier to exploit than native populations (generally speaking), my point is that there's been historical economic incentive at the population level to encourage immigration.

> They must have known it was deeply unpopular, yet it was still done.

Realistically something as complex as "immigration policy" is not going to boil down to a single straightforward cause. Similarly, while it certainly was "deeply unpopular" with certain portions of the population, it's absolutely popular with other portions. At a minimum there's been strong humanitarian arguments that resonate with many people, at least in Europe: what else are you going to do with thousands of people fleeing a warzone?

Similarly, the American Dream is so widely known for the promise of being able to make a life there regardless of where you come from. I vividly remember my civics textbooks in US gradeschool being proud of our immigrant heritage and how much newcomers had contributed and achieved there.

Additionally, this is one of those cases where there's counterintuitive forces: restricting immigration leads to a larger undocumented population [1]. If the state's goal is to drive down the number of undocumented immigrants, then it's incentivized in part to make it easier to legally cross the border.

[1]: https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economics/2024/offering-...
by avidiax | 2025-11-20 23:09:37+00:00
The traffic stop is for breaking some kind of traffic law, usually.

I suppose you could have a reasonable suspicion stop, but it would have to be something like "a hit and run just happened nearby, no vehicle description", and you witness a car with a smashed grill and leaking radiator fluid, but not breaking any traffic laws.

Reasonable suspicion might develop over the course of the stop, e.g. driver is super nervous, the back seat is full of overstuffed black duffel bags, there is a powerful chemical air freshener odor, and the vehicle has just crossed the Mexico border.
by throwawayffffas | 2025-11-20 23:11:33+00:00
> It doesn't take that much time just intentional reading to learn something new. Do you not read any docs?

There is a tradeoff, between the time it takes to read the docs and the time it would take to achieve what you want to do with another tool which you are either familiar with or is simpler. A very important factor for that balance is how reusable and how reapplicable the knowledge you will gain will be. I am perfectly happy reading docs for PostgreSQL, Varnish, nginx and many other things if it will help me achieve my goal. But when it comes to cloud providers I am not willing to spend a minute reading how to vendor lock my stack on their platform. If there is a standalone service I might want to use like SQS or SES sure, but most other things are a hard pass, I would rather have a dedicated host.

> The point is that these aren't mutually exclusive.

They are really not, cloud providers charge incredibly high rates for both bandwidth and computational resources so there goes the reasonable part. The usage based pricing they use is typically not capped so you are always a misconfiguration away from incurring many times your monthly costs on bandwidth charges (see a similar case from azure https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30054739). To add insult to injury you usually get inferior performance.

> And when it becomes overloaded, needs upgrading, or requires other maintenance? There's a problem I've completely left behind.

You have replaced these problems with having to deal with the cloud providers. It costs time to deal with their impenetrable pricing, processes and abstractions. Do yourself a favor and track how much time you spend dealing with their tools and how much time and effort you spend trying to optimize costs.

Upgrades and maintenance are not really solved, depending on the products you use. If you are using EC2 you still need to do upgrades and maintenance exactly like you would with bare metal. Now if you are using a serverless approach you might be clear of that too, but in general docker helps a lot with removing a lot of the pain of using bare metal.

Overloading is typically easily solved by over provisioning and yeah if you have very spiky usage patterns it might make sense to use a cloud provider. If your typical load can be dealt by 1 Hetzner node but you need 20 nodes 2% of the time you might be better off using a cloud provider. Modern hardware though has a lot of capability and while you don't have an "entire datacenter" to fall back on like you would with AWS a few bare metal nodes can handle a very large volume of requests depending on your use case.