MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by yaantc | 2025-11-28 09:51:29+00:00
Very simplified, AI workloads need compute and communications and compute dominates inference, while communications dominate training.

Most start-ups innovate on the compute side, whereas the techno needed for state of the art communications is not common, and very low-level: plenty of analog concerns. The domain is dominated by NVidia and Broadcom today.

This is why digital start-ups tend to focus on inference. They innovate on the pure digital part, which is compute, and tend to use off-the-shelf IPs for communications, so not a differentiator and likely below the leaders.

But in most cases coupling a computation engine marketed for inference with state of the art communications would (in theory) open the way for training too. It's just that doing both together is a very high barrier. It's more practical to start with compute, and if successful there use this to improve the comms part in a second stage. All the more because everyone expects inference to be the biggest market too. So AI start-ups focus on inference first.
by 8fingerlouie | 2025-11-28 09:51:31+00:00
"by measuring "36W POE consumption" you are excluding the AC-DC conversion losses from the switch's PSU which further makes the comparison a bit unfair. IOW your POE equipment draws more than 36W at the wall."

I'm aware of that, but the wall measurement is still 96W before the UPS, so it's basically just pushing numbers around the same budget. The switch is the only place i have to measure "poe power consumption", so i quoted that number.

"35W you claim, and I still believe it's closer to 40W"

I have 4 x 8TB WD Red Plus drives in there, quoted by WD to be consuming 3.4W idle, so 4x3.4 = 13.6W, and a couple of Samsung QVO 8TB drives, which idles at ~45mW. Assuming the UNAS pulls 20W by itself, adding the drives lands us at 33.7W, right in the ballpark of my measured 35W.

Part of my "astonishment" was also that i run my entire "infrastructure" for 30W more than OPs NAS idles at (66.7W vs 96W).

And yes, 7W is probably peanuts, but when you're paying €0.35/kWh, it all adds up. I came from a full self hosted setup, proxmox, multiple NAS boxes, etc, and was using ~350W idle, when power spiked in 2022 to €$1.12/kWh (peak pricing, 17-21, with an average price some days of €1/kWh). I initially turned everything off, and with just the Mac mini, router, switch, APs, cameras, various hubs, i was at 67W.

The UNAS has been added since (after power prices stabilized), which took the idle power consumption to 96W. And no, the UNAS is not pulling 29W. I've removed a couple of cameras, replaced a couple of APs, even removed an AP, so it's not direct comparison, other than in terms of total power consumption for price comparison.
by fnands | 2025-11-28 09:51:48+00:00
*ends as soon as practical quantum computers, something which might never happen, exist.

The author mentions: > RSA-2048: ~4096 logical qubits, 20-30 million physical qubits > 256-bit ECC: ~2330 logical qubits, 12-15 million physical qubits

For reference, we are at ~100 physical qubits right now. There is a bit of nuance in the logical to physical correlation though.

Scepticism aside, the author does mention that it might be a while in the future, and it is probably smart to start switching to quantum resistant cryptography for long-running, critical systems, but I'm not a huge fan of the fear-mongering tone.
by ndsipa_pomu | 2025-11-28 09:51:50+00:00
What made Windows easy to exploit was that it enabled a bunch of network services by default. I don't know about MacOS, but Linux disabled network services by default and generally had a better grasp of network security such as requiring authentication for services (e.g. compare telnet and ssh).

Also, Windows had the ridiculous default of immediately running things when a user put in a CD or USB stick - that behaviour led to many infections and is obviously a stupid default option.

I'm not even going to mention the old Windows design of everyone running with admin privileges on their desktop.
by paduc | 2025-11-28 09:51:55+00:00
If you want to create a subdomain, you need DNS delegation (authorization) from the owner/manager of the domain.

So if you want to register xyz.ci.pemberton.nj.us, you need to ask for DNS delegation from the owner/manager of ci.pemberton.nj.us or a higher level.

It's a lot easier to buy the xyz-ci-pemberton-nj.us domain.
by aDyslecticCrow | 2025-11-28 09:52:03+00:00
Implementing it is trivial. you can just overlook the radio from openWRT and drown out every 2.4-2.5 gHz device in a 100M radius.

Doing it targeted is more difficult since it does frequency hopping, but you could probably reverse the frequency hopping algorithm to target specifically Bluetooth and force high packet loss.

This is still illegal for radio jamming reasons, and also patent infringement since a misbehaving Bluetooth device has not gotten permission to use Bluetooth patents held by SIG.
by ehnto | 2025-11-28 09:52:44+00:00
I am unsure sorry, electric motors do still have efficiency curves so that could be it. But I think a retrofit to an existing driveline makes more sense.

Food for thought though, trucks are much much heavier loaded than cars. 100-150+ tonne vs like 1.5-4 tonnes for a car. Cars are trivial by comparison.

Perhaps the motor they have available doesn't have enough torque for it without gearing down.
by bobek | 2025-11-28 09:53:05+00:00
The biggest (engineering) team I've built and led was 150 people, so I cannot speak for 200. I don't feel that the solution of keeping the understanding of what is happening was about a formal structure like an "employee steering committee".

Rather than trusting the same principles used for scaling the doing side of the business. Things like empowering people to make decisions [1] or being clear about what/how/why you make certain types of decisions [2]. Working on staying aligned with your closest team, which then spent energy on staying aligned with their teams, etc. Sample randomly from the whole org, but mostly at your pace.

The biggest mistake I've made was that I've pulled myself (for legitimate reasons, it seemed) from having a true conversation with every single hire before they've gotten an offer, when we were around 70. 30 minutes is typically enough, but I feel you need a singular person as a gatekeeper for the final values-fit check. Partially thinking that 70 is already good enough, but later I've come across people talking about, like, 500 people before pulling out [3] :)

[1]: https://www.bobek.cz/decisions/ [2]: https://www.bobek.cz/work-principles/ [3]: https://mastersofscale.com/reed-hastings-culture-shock/
by ktrask | 2025-11-28 09:53:21+00:00
I hope positron works out fine, last time I checked it was not yet usable.

Replacing Rstudio with something more reliable would be nice, because of some major design flaws Rstudio has. A lot of the UI stuff runs also in R, so when the R kernel dies, quite often I cannot save unsaved files. So I need to copy the file content to a different text editor when that happens. I also don't understand why the LLM-Chat window is running inside the R console, and then blocks running R code. That makes it completely unusable.
by cube00 | 2025-11-28 09:53:33+00:00
> Wasted good years on easy mode.

I wouldn't say I wasted the good years on easy mode, but I did have a misguided plan that I needed to become a team lead and then I could start on my side projects.

I thought I'd have more time because I saw just how little my team leads actually did at work, and no, they weren't doing it behind the scenes, they wouldn't even show up to meetings with the business.

Of course I cared too much, burnt out my best years, quit and now have jack to show for it on the wrong side of 40 when I could have built up my own indie empire.
by ReptileMan | 2025-11-28 09:55:43+00:00
There is huge difference indeed in transportation industry - China works their chineese drivers to the bone 18 hours a day, whereas Germany works eastern european drivers to the bone 18 hours a day.

While China is hardly a happy place and exploitation is rampant - there is less on the assembly floor - not because they care, but because even cheaper than exploiting people is not having to hire people at all. China installed in 2024 more industrial robots than the rest of the world combined and they seems to lead the innovation in home robots too.

We are at a fun point in history - for the first time the ability to automate seems to really outstrip the ability to create new jobs.
by throwaway290 | 2025-11-28 09:56:09+00:00
You really try hard to misunderstand it. A small shop has own cctv to catch intruders = one thing. Local company installing cctv everywhere = different thing. In practice they can be both supplied by one company, centralized and unified and sold and fighting ANY cctv is ultimately the winning move.

> LLMs exist and nobody can un-exist them now because they're really just code and data

"Malware exists and nobody can unexist it now because it's just code and data"
by eskori | 2025-11-28 09:57:19+00:00
I completely empathize with you on this:

> I spent shitload of time online as a kid looking for friends

Plus I also agree in how harmful doomscrolling can be, specially for the young. Can't compare that with pedophiles though, sorry.

I don't know your age, but I think we can both agree in the fact that the Internet has changed a lot in a short period of time, and still does. I met some of my best friends online: games, forums, group chats.

However, as well as we could go out and play in the street without much concern some years ago and now the streets are for cars that can injure/kill you + other stuff, the Internet is no longer the same either.

Not only that, but now parents are also people who grew up with the Internet and no longer see it as something new or weird, so they are not as afraid as previous parents were. That means that children are raised without or with much less fear to online dangers.

Of course we are talking about a large-scale issue and we can't just use personal experience to justify anything. But I wanted to point out that using "Nothing bad ever happened to me" is specially dangerous here because we are not even talking about the same scenario.
by dominicrose | 2025-11-28 09:57:38+00:00
JS also has a stability issue. The language evolved fast, the tools and the number of tools evolved fast and in different directions. The module system is a mess and trying to make it better caused more mess. There's Node.js, TypeScript and the browser. That's a lot to handle when trying to make something "std".

Meanwhile I have been using Ruby for 15 years and it has evolved in a stable way without breaking everything and without having to rewrite tons of libraries. It's not as powerful in terms of performance and I/O, it's not as far-reaching as JS is because it doesn't support the browser, it doesn't have a typescript equivalent, but it's mature and stable and its power is that it's human-friendly.
by jack_tripper | 2025-11-28 09:58:32+00:00
Easy. They'll just demand major tech companies implement in Europe exactly what they did to comply with China's government surveillance request. They already have the blueprint of the apparatus, they just need to throw a blue coat of paint and a circle of gold stars over it to legitimize it and make it less scary looking.

And they don't give a damn about attracting eyeballs since the surveillance will be mandated by law and done legally by the book, and it will be done "for your own safety and protection against the boogieman", so that people will accept it.
by chii | 2025-11-28 09:59:14+00:00
> as they will not provide anymore important security update

it's legitimate for their stopping of security updates. However, this is only true if there is no more security updates to _any_ version of windows 10. Except that microsoft still has windows 10 LTSC, and that does have updates till some 2030's. So there is an effective path to just give those same updates to all version of windows, and it is "free" (as in, it did not take extra dev time to create).

Therefore, this is deliberate on microsoft's part to force more upgrades to windows 11. This should be considered anti-consumer practice, and the consumer protection groups ought to latch on and sue microsoft for this.

For consumers themselves, i always advise them that the time to move is now. Linux has never been easier to install, and software (esp. old windows software) never more compatible. The small bits of pain felt now in a transition will more than pay for itself with the freedom gained in the future.
by vladms | 2025-11-28 09:59:36+00:00
> It would be great if we could engineer our way out of this situation, but we can't.

I think it would be much more honest to say we don't know so we shouldn't bet everything on one approach.

Humans care about survival and will impact the world. It is exactly what all other animals do, and there is a dynamic equilibrium: too many predators => reduced prey => less predators. I don't think it's fair to think we humans are special. Or should we blame the algae for one of the previous mass extinctions?

I do think it is reasonable to take more care about the environment (co2, pollution, etc.) than we do because we need it in order to live well (not because I just want a nice Earth). I think most people agree with that, and are slowly adapting. Will see if fast enough.
by metalman | 2025-11-28 09:59:43+00:00
feedback fails when it is scaled down as well, the very worst manager to employie ratio bieng 1:1 where for every single consideration an employee turns to there manager, and effectivly reverses roles vs when there are several co workers who can use each other for feedback and in many ways then become self managing which of course lands us in the impossible to define world of "team building" it's mojo, nothing more
by cube00 | 2025-11-28 10:00:21+00:00
> Every job I had was way more tiring than whatever situations I bring myself into.

It depends on your past job experience, if you had a cruisy job it's a wake up call, but if you've been working 16 hours a day and forced to be the jack of all trades because you have no support at the company, it's the same however you don't waste time in meetings, get more freedom and your efforts directly reward yourself.
by axegon_ | 2025-11-28 10:00:34+00:00
That's what I used for a long time but it was way too restrictive: like I can have 10 saved designs at a time with their entire timeline in case I wanted to go back or modify/improve anything. And converting an STL back into a solid doesn't give the best results and adds a lot of overhead. So until something better pops up, I have no other choice but to pay for it.
by trailbase | 2025-11-28 10:02:45+00:00
Hi! Depends on what you mean by "any JS". Many JS ecosystems depend on an environment. For example, there are browser environments where you get a common baseline with some vendor differences, there's the server where you get common baseline across nodejs, deno, bun with some differences and also proprietary APIs. Long story short, any vanilla JS (ES5,ES6, probably even common) should be able to run. There's some standard WASI APIs to do I/O through the WASM runtime and a few TB specific APIs.
by stalfie | 2025-11-28 10:02:55+00:00
You know, security is a nebulous concept until it suddenly isn't. I live in a country neighboring Russia. Russian infiltration, sabotage, and perhaps large scale political assassination by means of autonomous drones (like the ukrainian operation "spiderweb"), is a very real and frankly not entirely unrealistic worry of mine. This is in addition to the unfortunate reality of hybrid warfare, where an uneducated populace that gets their news from TikTok is a very real security risk, which has almost already crashed immature European democracies. And arguably it has already succeeded in crashing the US.

In practice, encrypted messaging, and more broadly the unregulated, anonymous nature of the internet is THE technology that enables this. Ukrainian refugees are essentially indistinguishable in practice from Russian operatives and pose a very real security risk. The loss of the US as a reliable ally, which in practice is the new reality, is felt here in a very real way.

I think this point is largely missed by hacker news. I am legitimately afraid that Russia might assassinate elected leaders and invade, and embroil my own country in a war that might lead to my death. And to be honest my worries are a bit overblown in my particular case, it is very unrealistic that this will happen to my particular country, but if I were to live in Poland they wouldn't be.

I raise this point in response to your quotation marks around "security". European countries have very real, and very pressing security concerns.
Show HN: VeriIA – AI detector for Spanish and English text
by tanchaowen84 | 2025-11-28 10:03:03+00:00
Hi HN,

I’m an indie dev and built VeriIA (https://detectordeia.pro), an AI detector for Spanish and English text.

The motivation: there are plenty of AI detectors for English, but I couldn’t find much for Spanish or other languages. Most people I know just paste Spanish text into an English-focused tool and hope the result still means something. I wanted to try what it looks like if you start from Spanish instead.

Right now the app is simple: you paste or upload a text, it gives a probability that it was written with AI, plus sentence-level highlights so you can see which parts look more “AI-like”. It’s mainly being used on essays and reports. The intention is to provide a rough signal for reviewers, not a definitive answer.

On the tech side it’s a fairly standard web stack: Next.js, React and Vercel on the frontend, with Supabase for auth and storing user scan history.

This is an early version: only Spanish and English are supported, longer texts work better than short ones, and the scores are obviously probabilistic and sometimes wrong.

I’m interested in feedback on two things: how (or whether) you think AI detection should be used in real workflows, and how you would approach evaluating a tool like this for non-English languages.
by BrandoElFollito | 2025-11-28 10:03:48+00:00
This was my exact comment, thanks.

It is a very good piece of work, and extensible with JS (I just tried that). I have a fear about the future because the dev is alone, and responds alone in the discussions. He is also quite, how to say, "rough" in the interactions, which I can completely understand, being the one pulled around by everyone.

This is a very, very good piece of work when you need to decorrelate the back from the front
by chaidhat | 2025-11-28 10:05:10+00:00
Thank you for the reply! I'll certainly try to keep those in mind. I've been coding in dart for 5 years (pre-chatgpt) but inside my own bubble and not with a world-class team-- that's what's worrying me. What would you recommend me to do to keep up with the latest best practices/write better "quality" code? Currently, I try to read open source codebases to keep up with best practice (but isn't that's where the LLMs are getting their data anyways?).
by vidarh | 2025-11-28 10:05:31+00:00
A significant proportion of Norway's domestic energy production is hydro, which comes with it's own "built in" storage up to the capacity of the dams, so Norway already has a very significant storage capacity.

Estimates suggests a storage capacity of 87TWh of storage in hydro reservoirs, compared to production capacity in recent years between 146 and 157 TWh, and a theoretical production capacity of ~309TWh (I don't know the basis for that - I'd imagine peak production at all the plants, but I doubt that could ever happen in reality, so the 146-157TWh based on real production are better...)

Compare that to Norwegian electricity consumption of 124 TWh in 2020.

Of course, since so much of Norways total electricity production is hydro, large storage is necessary, as the hydro supply is highly seasonal, based on e.g. things like the amount of melting snow in the mountains in spring.
by martinpw | 2025-11-28 10:06:01+00:00
> The Chinese think in terms of expensive and cheap electricity rather than dirty and clean. The reason they have so much clean energy growth is because it's saving them money.

No. It's for both reasons, cheaper and cleaner. The pollution in cities was absolutely dire and a real health hazard as well as an embarrassment internationally. EVs including scooters and trucks are a large part of the reason the air is cleaner now.
by Barooahn | 2025-11-28 10:07:26+00:00
I'm nearly 2 year in and just turned 50. This resonates with me. I'm a parent building an EdTech app for my child. He just plain refuses to read. All he wants to do is play Roblox or watch YouTube videos about playing games (or cats).

The hardest part isn't the code. For me it's when I see VC-backed competitors with full teams. When I look back and remember working in a team of 20 devs with PMs and other support staff, it's hard to plough on alone. I'm glad of AI or this project would have been impossible. When my boy reads a story the app generated and asks if he can read another one, it makes it all feel worth it.

The loneliness is real. No one to bounce ideas off, no one to celebrate small wins with. Thinking about launching on HN soon just to find other builders in the EdTech space.

Still figuring it out. But my child is reading again, so that's a win for me.
by impossiblefork | 2025-11-28 10:08:18+00:00
It's not just competition.

These kinds of things-- cheaper-than-NVIDIA cards that can produce a lot of tokens or run large models cheaply are absolutely necessary to scale text models economically.

Without things like these-- those Euclyd things, those Groq things, etc. no one will be able to offer up big models at prices where people will actually use them, so lack of things like this actually cripples training of big models too.

If the price/token graph is right, this would mean 2.5x more tokens, which presumably means actually using multiple prompts to refine something before producing the output, or to otherwise produce really long non-output sequences during the preparation the output. This also fits really well with the Chinese progress in LLM RL for maths. I suspect all that stuff is totally general and can be applied to non-maths things too.
by nly | 2025-11-28 10:09:27+00:00
Given how slow protobufs and grpc is, I wonder if the socket transport would ever be the bottleneck to throughput here.

Changing transports means if you want to move your grpc server process to a different box you now have new runtime configuration to implement/support and new performance characteristics to test.

I can see some of the security benefits if you are running on one host, but I also don't buy the advantages highlighted at the end of the article about using many different OS's and language environments on a single host. Seems like enabling and micro-optimising chaos instead of trying to tame it.

Particularly in the ops demo: Statically linking a C++ grpc binary, and standardising on host OS and gcc-toolset, doesn't seem that hard. On the other hand, if you're using e.g. a python rpc server are you even going to be able to feel the impact of switching to vsock?
by dist-epoch | 2025-11-28 10:09:32+00:00
But are they really the ones in control?

It's not the tech titans, it's Capitalism itself building the war chest to ensure it's embodiment and transfer into its next host - machines.

We are just it's temporary vehicles.

> “This is because what appears to humanity as the history of capitalism is an invasion from the future by an artificial intelligent space that must assemble itself entirely from its enemy's resources.”
by thih9 | 2025-11-28 10:09:43+00:00
> Agents report that they enjoy working with Beads, and they will use it spontaneously for both recording new work and reasoning about your project in novel ways.

I’m surprised by this wording. I didn’t encounter anyone talking about AI preference yet.

Can a trained LLM develop a preference for a given tool within some context and reliably report on that?

Is “what AI reports enjoying“ aligned with AI’s optimal performance?