MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by rogerrogerr | 2025-11-08 07:02:36+00:00
There are a lot of assumptions that people outside of aviation make - it reminds me of that “falsehoods programmers believe about dates and time” article that gets passed around from time to time. Off the top of my head, some easily believable falsehoods:

1. The system knows where every plane is going

2. Every plane is talking to ATC

3. Every plane that is currently taking to ATC will be reachable a minute from now

4. If you issue a plane an instruction, it will follow it

5. The planes want to go the most direct route to the destination (winds aloft can often mean direct is slower and more expensive than a more circuitous route)

6. If a plane has an emergency, they will declare an emergency.

7. Planes that are not currently talking to ATC will not fly into the regions where they are supposed to be talking to ATC

8. Planes that are not talking to ATC will not just show up and land at the airport. This happens for a variety of reasons.

9. All planes have working transponders

10. All planes are traveling from one airport and landing (once) at another.

It feels like a tractable problem from the outside, but the variety of issues ATC solves every day is staggering.
by toast0 | 2025-11-08 07:03:04+00:00
I think there's FreeBSD images for all the clouds now.

You would need to do more work yourself to fetch and run jails probably, and I don't know if there's a hosted repository of 'jail images', but in return, you'd probably have a nicer system (at least, I'd like such a system more than running containers on google container optimized linux)
by petepete | 2025-11-08 07:03:44+00:00
I'd recommend Fedora KDE, it's vanilla and well used enough to be able to easily find answers.

https://www.fedoraproject.org/kde/

Ubuntu based distros are fine too, but there are a few weird things to get to grips with like Snaps.

There's really not much difference between most distros these days so I'm sure if you like one you'd like the other.
by jibal | 2025-11-08 07:04:56+00:00
Yes, several, e.g., Gleam, Mojo, Hare, Carbon, C3, Koka, Jai, Kotlin, Reason ... and r/ProgrammingLanguages is chock full of people working on new languages that might or might not ever become more widely known ... it takes years and a lot of resources and commitment. Zig and Rust are well known because they've been through the gauntlet and are well marketed ... there are other languages in productive use that haven't fared well that way, e.g., D and Nim (the best of the bunch and highly underappreciated), Odin, V, ...

> even those languages haven't taken over much of the professional world.

Non sequitur goalpost moving ... this has nothing to do with whether language development is a dead-end "in the real world", which is a circular argument when we're talking about language development. The claim is simply false.
Show HN: Free open-source file scanner (pompelmi)
by SonoTommy | 2025-11-08 07:05:03+00:00
Hi HN — I built Pompelmi, a free open-source local file scanner focused on developers, CI pipelines and security hobbyists.

One-line: Pompelmi scans files for suspicious patterns (YARA rules, MIME heuristics, zip-bomb detection, basic static heuristics) and helps automate safe handling of incoming files in dev/CI workflows.

Why: I wanted a lightweight, opinionated scanner that’s easy to run locally or in CI (no cloud required) and that developers can extend with custom rules.

Features

YARA rules integration (bring your own rules)

MIME sniffing + file type checks

Zip/bomb heuristics and large archive protections

Pluggable heuristics engine + CLI + simple API

Quick to run locally and easy to wire into CI pipelines

MIT license

Quick try (from source)

git clone https://github.com/pompelmi/pompelmi cd pompelmi # install with your preferred package manager (npm / pnpm / yarn) npm install # see README for examples; test a file with the CLI or run the example scanner

Repo / docs: https://github.com/pompelmi/pompelmi

I’m especially interested in feedback on rule UX (how users add/share YARA rules), CI integration examples, and any missing checks you’d expect from a lightweight scanner. Thanks — happy to answer questions and iterate on PRs. — Tommy (JustSouichi)
Ask HN: Is everyone only hiring senior developers? And is it because of AI?
by elcapithanos | 2025-11-08 07:05:35+00:00
Having gone through the who's hiring posts over the last few months, I've noticed a concerning trend. Everyone seems to only want "senior" developers.

Of course, I'm not sure how far true that is in practice and how many of those companies may compromise when they can't find anyone who meets their high standards, but it does strike me as odd how the industry seems to be on the verge of just shutting the door to anyone who doesn't meet the standard of a "senior" developer. I've even seen a few jobs reposted for 2 or 3 months straight, which makes me feel like they can't find candidates (or maybe they're not really hiring).

But this is all just anecdotal anyways, has anyone else noticed a similar trend? Is it in any way related to AI? Maybe companies don't trust developers coming into the industry in the last 3 years because they may have relied heavily on LLMs?
by mmooss | 2025-11-08 07:05:57+00:00
Industry-specific applications often run only on Windows: Small organizations make them, limiting capacity to support more platforms, and their clients are businesses and therefore usually use Windows. For example, I'd expect that most software for running accountants' offices would run only on Windows.

A big exception is vendor-hosted browser-based software, which can run on more platforms. Some features could still be Windows-only. Another exception is phone-based software.
by cheikhcheikh | 2025-11-08 07:05:57+00:00
I have to agree with the other person, comments like yours are annoyingly pedantic and just derails the conversation to a useless place. Like cmon, look at the game for a second, the chances of fps problems being due to him running on the Mx macbook pro (whether hardware or driver defects) is like 0.00001%.

A game like this should be running for like 1000+fps and this point should be emphasized in case the maker of this game is clueless when it comes to this kind of stuff, as his blog suggests (sharing an executable with users and asking for a recording is not how you would debug this perf issue) And it's totally fine if they are clueless, we all start somewhere. What sucks is derailing comments like yours that do the opposite and pretend that there is a conversation to be had here other than the implementation is probably terrible, which is, again, completely fine if it is, and we can talk about it and help them with it or point them in the direction of good resources about this stuff.

sorry for the rant, I just see these "akshually theoretically it could be due to blablabla" type comments on HN so much lately and I hate them
by rwmj | 2025-11-08 07:06:23+00:00
My supervisor got a few papers out of it and they are fairly widely cited even today, and as academics that was (unfortunately) the best outcome for us.

The patch itself was maintained for many years, well into the mid 2000s, out of tree (actually by another person in the end), but as it never went upstream it was hard to keep doing that maintenance.

There were several problems in hindsight: C programmers at the time absolutely weren't willing to accept a large slow-down in order to get bounds checking. But also we didn't optimize our changes well (or very much at all) and I'm sure we could have got the delta down a bit if we'd put the work in. The main work that dominated performance was the lookup that you have to do from the raw pointer to the fat struct that stores the pointer bounds (and you have to do this on every pointer operation). We used a splay tree for this which was clever but not very fast. A plain hash or some other data structure could have been much faster.
by sometimes_all | 2025-11-08 07:06:44+00:00
Whenever someone says, "oh Steve Jobs would have done / would never have done X", I always remember the scene in Silicon Valley where Laurie says "Monica, Peter Gregory is dead"[1].

Steve Jobs has been gone for a long time. Other people have taken his place, and Apple has been very successful since. While Jobs might have been very successful in his vision, a lot of things have changed since then, and it's very reasonable that the current apple execs might not align with what his philosophy was at the time.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JW2-rGVw44A
by MrJohz | 2025-11-08 07:07:22+00:00
Part of what Koka's functional-but-in-place system relies on is the Perceus program analysis, which, as I understand it, is kind of like a limited Rust-like lifetime analysis which can determine statically the lifetime of different objects and whether they can be reused or discarded or whatever. That way, if you're, say, mapping over a linked list, rather than construct a whole new list for the new entries, the Koka compiler simply mutates the old list with the new values. You write a pure, functional algorithm, and Koka converts it to the imperative equivalent.

That said, I think this is somewhat unrelated to the idea of making linked lists disappear - Koka is still using linked lists, but optimising their allocation and deallocation, whereas Haskell can convert a linked list to an array and do a different set of optimisations there.

See: https://koka-lang.github.io/koka/doc/book.html#sec-fbip
by NoMoreNicksLeft | 2025-11-08 07:09:56+00:00
I've started to wonder/worry that maybe it's not the search engines (excluding Google, I won't apologize for them). What if there's just nothing to search for? If there is little on the internet besides trash and a few big portals? Much of what you might be searching for whether you know it or not will be a reddit post, or Facebook, or Stackoverflow. And some of those places don't even allow for proper indexing by crawlers. Worse than that nightmare fuel is the idea that 2025 just isn't the same internet as we grew up with, where everyone was racing to shovel as much real content onto it as they could... today it's a bunch of grifters hoping to be influencers or Youtube personalities or skeevy scammers AI-generating slop but not much else.

And so, even if Google was the same thing it was back in 2010, there's no longer anything for "search" to find. And I hope you all downvote me to -50 and scream at me for being a retard with some snarky-assed abuse detailing how and why I am wrong. Because I don't want to be correct about this.
by mmooss | 2025-11-08 07:11:12+00:00
This is brilliant, with its own voice and ground-shifting point of view - even if I might not agree, it's an exploration of a different mind.

You were born into a deal you never signed, written in a language you don’t speak, enforced by people you’ll never meet. ...

Let’s be crystal fucking clear about what gerontocracy actually is. You think it means Biden forgetting where he is on live TV or McConnell blue-screening mid-sentence like Windows 98. That’s adorable. That’s like thinking cancer is just a lump. Gerontocracy is the operating system itself. It’s the total architecture: familial, fiscal, psychological, sexual, by which the old arrange for the labor of the young to be converted into their continued existence, plus maybe a Viking River Cruise. ...

You think you’re choosing your own life. You’re not. You’re a rat in a maze designed by dead people, optimizing for cheese that someone else already ate. ...

You think you chose to live with roommates at thirty-two because you’re “figuring things out” or “enjoying the social aspect.” Bullshit. You live with roommates because zoning laws written in 1973 by homeowners who bought their houses for the price of a Toyota Camry ensure that nothing can be built that might lower their property values. Those homeowners are now seventy-eight, sitting on $2 million in equity they did nothing to earn except not die, ...

Or consider why you’re not having kids. ... The real reason? The entire economy is structured to extract maximum value from you during your prime reproductive years. Student loans ensure you start your career pre-fucked. Housing costs ensure you can’t nest. The gig economy ensures you have no stability. Meanwhile, the people who designed this system had three kids by twenty-eight on one salary ...

Every “smart” decision you make is smart within a framework designed by and for people who will be dead before the bill comes due. ...
by sabirAk | 2025-11-08 07:11:13+00:00
Localstack | REMOTE | We are a fast-growing Series A startup building cutting-edge technology to revolutionize cloud development processes and support highly efficient dev&test feedback loops. We’ve closed our last $25mil round in Q4 2024, led by Notable Capital, CRV and Heavybit.

Please check our careers website: https://www.localstack.cloud/careers

In particular, I'd like to highlight the Database Internals position to work on our high-fidelity Snowflake emulator.

Senior Software Engineer - Database Internals https://apply.workable.com/localstack/j/5277ABA239/

This could be a great opportunity to get into the space of data processing or continue working in this area.
by eviks | 2025-11-08 07:11:36+00:00
> Fonts should be boring, typical, and follow what your brain expects to see

So you're ok with permanent confusion of 0 vs O because "boring/expected" doesn't add a dot for zero?

> erase decades of typography norms and

This is not (such) a (n absolute) thing, there are different contradictory norms that persist for decades, just like in and artistic (though not only) field, so at a practical level this offers no guidance for any specific decision, you'd have to actually consider it in that specific case to see whether it makes sense
by 9rx | 2025-11-08 07:13:15+00:00
"Too slow" is a mischaracterization. Ruby was never too slow, only comparatively slow. What DHH was talking about is that when the system was I/O bound, even if you could eliminate all the time spent in Ruby, you'd only see small percentage increases in performance at best. But the calculus has changed. I/O isn't the bottleneck like it was when those statements were made. Now, if you could eliminate the time spent in Ruby, you'd see significant percentage increases in performance.
by lifthrasiir | 2025-11-08 07:13:20+00:00
There aren't many things that LLMs haven't really seen yet, however. I have successfully used LLMs to develop a large portion of WebAssembly 3.0 interpreter [1], which surely aren't in their training set because WebAssembly 3.0 was only released months ago. Sure, it took me tons of guidance but it was useful enough for me.

Even llama.cpp is not a truly novel thing to LLMs, there are several performant machine learning model executors available in their training sets anyway, and I'm sure llama.cpp can benefit from LLMs if they want; they just chose not to.

[1] https://github.com/lifthrasiir/wah/
by sayyadirfanali | 2025-11-08 07:13:36+00:00
i have addressed this in one of the other comments. it is impossible to achieve both elegance (good look) and consistency (monospace width) in these cases. many folks, like yourself, are pioneering full Unicode editing. we, on the other end, are just trying to make editing without ligatures elegant because ASCII, i believe, would remain predominant for a long time to come.
by HiPhish | 2025-11-08 07:14:44+00:00
Why should I write it myself? Sure, I could do that, but then every time I want to have that sort of functionality on multiple pages I would have to write the JavaScript code multiple times. I could then roll it into a library. Maybe make the library work with custom HTML attributes. And now I've just reinvented HTMX. So I might as well use HTMX instead of reinventing it.

Such a weird question. You could ask that about any library ever.
Ask HN: I know how to build it, now I want to break it
by indiedev_001 | 2025-11-08 07:16:43+00:00
Hi everyone, I’m looking for some direction on starting my journey into offensive security (penetration testing, red teaming, etc.). My Background: I am an experienced coder. I’m very comfortable with programming concepts irrespective of the language. I can build things efficiently, but now I want to learn how to break them. My Goal: I want to learn offensive security from ground zero. Even though I can code, I want to assume I know nothing about the security aspect. I want to understand the core components deeply—The working of ( basics ) / how to compromise Wi-Fi, networks, websites, databases, etc., starting from the absolute basics. The Constraint (Important): I am NOT looking for certification advice, career shortcuts, or interview prep right now. I am purely chasing deep, foundational knowledge and practical skills. I want to understand the "why" and "how" at a granular level, not just how to run standard tools. Given my coding background, where would you recommend I start to get that deep, hands-on experience without fluff? Are there specific resources that cater to people who already have technical maturity but are new to security? Your personal experience would also help me a lot Thanks in advance!
by tombert | 2025-11-08 07:20:32+00:00
There’s no accounting for taste but I have never really seen why people consider Ruby so elegant.

Admittedly, I have never done a lot with Ruby, but I have done some Rails and I tried for a few months to use it for simple “shell” scripts, and the language never felt beautiful or elegant to me.

Admittedly, I come from a strong functional programming background, so it is entirely possible that my brain sees “it’s not really a ‘functional’ and therefore I don’t like it”, but I do like Rust (even when I write it very imperatively) and I even kind of like modern Java.

Dunno, I will admit that I am weird, my favorite language is Clojure and I know that that one is an acquired taste :).
by debugnik | 2025-11-08 07:21:45+00:00
F# uses the CLR term "value types" instead, or sometimes "struct" types as in the C# keyword.

These are usually defined with the [<Struct>] attribute over a regular type definition, or using the struct keyword before tuple/anonymous record types. Also, the original 'T option type now has a value-type successor 'T voption.
by globular-toast | 2025-11-08 07:24:59+00:00
I've also been using Ubuntu Mono for ages. Must be 15 years now! I have tried many other fonts, just to see if I'd enjoy a change, but the most jarring thing is how much space all other fonts seem to have. Ubuntu Mono gives me way more lines on screen, without setting the font size far too small. Is the "condensed" property that is being mentioned in this thread? I've asked about this before but nobody has ever said "condensed".
by Glawen | 2025-11-08 07:25:18+00:00
Then why more affluent younger people have no plan to have kids? The under 35 who have a partner at my work are just planning their next trip. They don't want to hear anything about kids and their constraints.

They will give you reasons like over population, environnemental collapse etc... I think they are very self centered and don't want to make sacrifices
by thomassmith65 | 2025-11-08 07:25:22+00:00
Primates evolved six million years ago here. There are plenty of stars [...] older than our sun [...] where they could have

Fair enough. If we're certain a star billions of years older then ours could have the same conditions that would support evolution, then my comment is unlikely.

I, embarrassingly, have a crackpot theory where G isn't a constant. I'll spare HN; it would make me sound like a moron.
by oezi | 2025-11-08 07:25:30+00:00
Unfortunately the article glosses too quickly over aspects which seem unique. For instance, I don't get what labeled breaks have to do with comp-time or why a labeled break was used in this situation over a normal function call:

>>>

Labeled breaks

Zig can do many things in compilation time. Let’s initialize an array, for example. Here, a labelled break is used. The block is labelled with an : after its name init and then a value is returned from the block with break.

>>>

The article hasn't even talked about how the language decides what an open curly brace is causing.
by morningspace | 2025-11-08 07:26:18+00:00
> Can this visualize over data stored in Honeycomb like Grafana can?

IIUC, Grafana connects directly to Honeycomb via its API to visualize data without storing it. Instana, on the other hand, is a bit different. It needs telemetry data to be ingested into backend before it can be visualized in UI. With Honeycomb, this could be possible if the data can be exported from Honeycomb to Instana.
Ask HN: What do you hate about hiring?
by dark7 | 2025-11-08 07:27:18+00:00
Doing some research...

When you get 200+ applicants in a SWE role, what do you actually do to narrow it down?

What sucks about your current ATS or process?

If you had a tool that sat in front of your ATS that helped filter hundreds of applicants down to 25 applicants, would that be a tool you would use?
by tombert | 2025-11-08 07:28:06+00:00
I am extremely partial to Scheme’s `define-syntax` construct. I remember the first I saw it, I thought it was one of the elegant and amazing things I had ever seen in a programming language, and I kind of got annoyed that it wasn’t something easily available in every language.

I love me some Clojure, and its macros aren’t bad or anything, but I feel Scheme (and Racket) has the most elegant metaprogramming.
by somat | 2025-11-08 07:28:36+00:00
There is always the complicated wires puzzle from "Keep Talking and Nobody Explodes". Where a 5 way Venn diagram encodes what action you need to take for a given state.

https://bombmanual.com/web/index.html#ComplicatedWires

However you could make a good argument that having a complicated and confusing diagram is the point of that puzzle.
by adrian_b | 2025-11-08 07:28:51+00:00
TLDR: Hedy Lamarr and her co-inventor did not invent the principle of frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) communication, but just a practical device implementing this technique, because the principle of FHSS had already been stated in prior work.

Nevertheless, while there have been a handful of earlier patents where the inventors had the same idea of using FHSS, those patents have remained unknown among the vast amount of useless patents so it is pretty certain that Hedy Lamarr has rediscovered FHSS independently.

After WWII, the evolution of FHSS in military communications has started from the patent of Hedy Lamarr, while the prior work has remained as obscure as before.
by lenkite | 2025-11-08 07:29:21+00:00
Not to mention, introducing all the permutations of methods as separate interfaces on the "consumer side" means extreme combinatorial explosion of interfaces. It is far better to judge the most common patterns and make single-method interfaces for these on the provider side.

Lots of such frequently-quoted Go "principles" are invalid and are regularly broken within the standard library and many popular Go projects. And if you point them out, you will be snootily advised by the Go gurus on /r/golang or even here on HN that every principle has exceptions. (Even if there are tens of thousands of such exceptions).
by Someone | 2025-11-08 07:30:02+00:00
https://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/68060/index.html:

“Supervisor mode of the Motorola 68060 CPU differs from the 68040 due to changes in exception processing. User mode of the Motorola 68060 is object-compatible with MC68040, assuming that the CPU uses special software to simulate a few instructions that were present in 68040 CPU and are missing in MC68060.”
by globular-toast | 2025-11-08 07:33:09+00:00
Using Unicode would be awful. I have a button on my keyboard for every character I need. How do I type a unicode arrow? Oh, now I need editor macros? Or I need to get out a special keyboard per language?

Unicode is not there for you to necessarily use the whole thing. It's there so that everyone in the world can encode their text the same way, despite having a completely different set of characters on their keyboards.