MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by eigenspace | 2025-11-28 12:27:37+00:00
It doesn't just make sense in the very far north, it makes sense just about anywhere that you'd have many people living close together (i.e. even a village).

Most homes don't need to have their own electricity generators, their own sewage treatment systems, or their own water wells, they hook into utility infrastructure.

In a lot of european towns and cities, heat is also a utility you can hook into, e.g. my apartment has no heating infrastructure in it, we just get all of our heat through a pipe connected to a nearby heat reservoir that's primarily loaded with waste heat from a gas power turbine. Within the next couple years though, the heat from gas power will be supplemented with the biggest heat pump in the world though [1]

It's not just a city thing though, I have friends who live in a village of 300 people in the Alps and they also have a utility district heating system in the village.

[1] https://www.man-es.com/company/press-releases/press-details/...
Ask HN: Use case diagram, how to do better?
by shivajikobardan | 2025-11-28 12:28:48+00:00
Draw the use case diagram.

Ministry of Health and Population is willing to computerize its system. This new system will be able to tell the population of the country, zone, and district and even ward of the specific place. The system will update its data in monthly basis so that the birth rate and death rate can be easily seen. The home page is displayed when a person enters to the system. Administrators can enter to the system by logging in with an ID and a password. he/She has privileges to enter and modify the data into the database. On the other hand, normal users can vview the data but not modify them. They can also visualize the data in graphical form, maps as well as tabular form. Besides they can also view the forecasted data.

How I thought through this:

There is a user:

For an admin user, there is authorization required.

For a normal user, no authorization is required.

A normal user can:

- view population data and that too in various forms of visualization like graphical, tabular, maps etc.

- view forecasted data

An admin user can:

- once logged in

- do all the activities that a normal user can

- and also be able to update+modify the data.

https://imgur.com/a/naKwUYp

The imgur link contains my use case diagram made with mermaid live and claudu
by mapt | 2025-11-28 12:29:10+00:00
One of the interesting things about hydro is that it's usually constructed to satisfy baseload power. In reality, shifting that over to a peaking plant requires relatively modest changes to system, a small fraction of the cost of an entirely new dam. You don't actually need the "Pumped" part of pumped hydro, you can just throttle normal hydro on and off if you have enough turbines (though for ecological & geomorphological reasons some minor downstream damming also helps). There wasn't any reason to install the extra turbines in the age of fossil fuels. They only take ~30 seconds to spin up, versus days or weeks for thermal plants.
by a022311 | 2025-11-28 12:29:21+00:00
> Nothing substantial has happened to the three texts since last week, it's just that "chat control is back" drives traffic and "Council preparatory body formally approves draft position that got consensus previously but didn't formally get passed because people were fighting over Ukraine stuff for too long" doesn't.

While I agree with your point, it's still crucial to raise awareness of Europe's actions. It may be a small step, but it is not insignificant.
Show HN: OgBlocks – Animated React UI Library Built with Motion and Tailwind CSS
by thekarank | 2025-11-28 12:29:37+00:00
Hey HN,

My name is Karan, and I'm a frontend developer from India

When I started my development journey, I fell for frontend development and stuck with it ever since

But I noticed that many of my friends hated writing CSS because creating UIs is a very tedious and time-consuming process.

But at the same time, they also wanted their project to look premium with beautiful animations and a world-class user experience

That's when I thought

"What if anyone could integrate beautiful animated components into their website regardless of their CSS skills?"

And after six months of pain and restless nights, I finally built ogBlocks to solve this problem.

ogBlocks let you integrate beautiful and practical animated UIs with simple copy and paste, and its main purpose is to enable everyone to create beautiful UIs regardless of their CSS Skills

I hope you'll like it

Best Karan
by hexagonal-sun | 2025-11-28 12:29:42+00:00
Eventually, It'd be amazing to use Moss as my daily driver OS. That means targeting the specific hardware that I have, but in doing so, I hope to build up enough of the abstractions to allow easier porting of hardware.

A more concrete mid-term goal is for it to be 'self-hosting'. By that I mean you could edit the code, download dependencies and compile the kernel from within Moss.
by surgical_fire | 2025-11-28 12:30:38+00:00
> Hmm, now whose fault is it that the EU institutions are so complicated and opaque? The citizens? The journalists? Or maybe...?

They are not. People just don't bother themselves to spend half a calory in brain power to read even the Wikipedia page about it, and just repeat shit they read in forum posts.

I mean, here on HN, a website where people are supposedly slightly above average in terms of being able to read shit, the amount of times I read how EU is "bureacrats in Brussels" "pushing hard for changes" is weird.
by john01dav | 2025-11-28 12:31:18+00:00
How often do big providers like Gmail, customers of whom you will want to communicate with, eat the emails? I know that this is common if you run your own email server, and often just gone and not even to spam.

Google would probably justify this as security, and not necessarily unreasonably, but it has a clear anti-competitive effect too. The security concerns would be more credible if they made it easy to debug this, like giving a useful error message back to the sender stating what the missing security criteria are and having a clear process for appeals (like if you got unlucky with an IP address, or if you are missing a specific security measure on your domain).
Ask HN: Jews in Computer Science
by not-so-darkstar | 2025-11-28 12:32:32+00:00
I find fascinating the contributions to computer science by jewish computer scientists [0]. They really pioneered the field, especially cryptography, where they seem to dominate.

Is this a cultural thing? I'm not aware of any other field where a group of people has contributed as much as jews in CS.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Jewish_American_computer_scientists
by supermatt | 2025-11-28 12:33:03+00:00
I am physically in the EU and its working for me.

I just checked using nordVPN for Austria and Finland and it's working there too, so maybe you have some other issue going on?

I am assuming you are in the UK, as Imgur are specifically blocking the UK: https://help.imgur.com/hc/en-us/articles/41592665292443-Imgu...

Imgur isn't my site, and I don't vote in the UK, so Im not sure how you expect me to resolve that.
by Eddy_Viscosity2 | 2025-11-28 12:34:28+00:00
I just don't see how the pros out-weight the cons here. Even if the laws and policies were well written, enforcement seems impossible. As you've said, there are going to bad actors sprinkled throughout any of these systems (and in a big enough system, this will always be the case). This power, in my opinion, is simply too great to be allowed. It will be abused. A lot.
by flir | 2025-11-28 12:35:01+00:00
It might be possible to lash up a cross-plaform solution with KeePassXC. It's got an API that can be accessed from the command line (chezmoi uses it to add secrets to dotfiles). Yes, you'd be authenticating every time you need a token but that might not be too much of a burden if you spend most of your time on a machine with a fingerprint scanner.

otoh I wouldn't do it, because I don't believe I could implement it securely.
by graemep | 2025-11-28 12:35:39+00:00
Is that not just an exemption for copying for private use? My french is not up to much but this:

> L'exception de copie privée autorise une personne à reproduire une œuvre de l'esprit pour son usage privé, ce qui implique l'utilisation personnelle, mais également dans le cercle privé incluant le cadre familial.

seems to be only for personal use?

Fair dealing in the UK and other countries is broader, and US fair use broader still.
by jorvi | 2025-11-28 12:35:49+00:00
Somewhere there is a dark timeline where the BSDs won, there are 50 commercial and open source variants all with their own kernel and userland. The only promise of interoperability is in extremely ossified layers like POSIX. There is, however, something terrible gathering its strength. A colossus. The great Shade that will eat the net. In boardroom meetings across the land, CTOs whisper its name and tremble... "OS/2."
by sofixa | 2025-11-28 12:36:29+00:00
> I wonder how much of newsletter marketing (and paid email marketing) is being propped up by the GMail categories just silently ingesting tons of stuff that people never read or see (but also never unsubscribe from)

I don't know, gmail regularly tells me "you haven't opened an email from XYZ newsletter in a while, do you want to unsubscribe?", with a direct button to do so.
by zamadatix | 2025-11-28 12:37:01+00:00
Not that I care much if things are written by AI or not, but there has been a large stream of new accounts posting "<generic positive statement about project> <short description of a reason one could use the tool> <yeah x, but y> <token if thanks>" template posts with em dashes and other generically "AI styled" writing hints. My only thought is it's an easy way to get bot accounts past karma thresholds.

Whatever the reason, and I'm not writing this to say that you are one such account or not, adopting a near identical commenting approach is probably why a lot of your comments have been struggling.
by squigz | 2025-11-28 12:37:07+00:00
I'm very curious what people in this thread think is happening now

Do you think Meta, Google and them are not scanning every bit of data hosted on their servers to ensure they're not hosting things they don't want to?

Do you think they don't cooperate with governments to share those findings?

I don't disagree that this push is silly, ineffective, and bad for democracy. We should fight it and fight for the right to privacy.

However, people are acting like we have privacy right now. What evidence is there for that?
by zamadatix | 2025-11-28 12:37:52+00:00
Not that I care much if things are written by AI or not, but there has been a large stream of new accounts posting "<generic positive statement about project> <short description of a reason one could use the tool> <yeah x, but y> <token if thanks>" template posts with em dashes and other generically "AI styled" writing hints. My only thought is it's an easy way to get bot accounts past karma thresholds.

Whatever the reasons for these new accounts, and I'm not writing this to say that you are one such account or not, adopting a near identical style and template in certain responses is probably why some of your comments have been struggling.
by myrmidon | 2025-11-28 12:38:36+00:00
Hard disagree on this. Immigration was the only realistic option to shield against demographic collapse and stabilize unskilled labor supply for decades, and it is no suprise that politicians took it.

I honestly think that if politicians had blocked this (reform style) in 2000, the resulting economic slowdown and increasing cost for labor intensive products would've seen them voted out in short order.

I do agree that negative consequences of the approach were played down/underestimated/neglected, but painting it as pure uncaring negative is just disingenuous.
by uallo | 2025-11-28 12:38:43+00:00
> If you need true end-to-end encryption where the provider can't see plaintext, you lose search, real-time collaboration, most of the AI features everyone's been bolting on lately, etc.

Proton has all of these features, despite being end-to-end encrypted. Search works well with their Mail and Calendar solutions, real-time collaboration is a core offering of their Document editor. It surely is harder to implement, but not impossible for many use cases.
by graemep | 2025-11-28 12:38:52+00:00
> The attention span of the general public _shouldn't_ matter. That's why we elect politicians.

It would work if we could elect politicians who were both competent and trustworthy.

Of course that would require successfully electing people who are competent about a broad range of issues, able to see through well funded and clever lobbying, unblinded by ideology, and able to resist pressure.
by metadata | 2025-11-28 12:38:57+00:00
I went indie some 20 years ago because I needed money and I wanted full control over my life. Did some things right but many things wrong. Unfortunately, there is a price to pay to build your life in an unconventional way. Everything turned out well but it might have easily concluded with a disaster. Luck (or lack of it) plays a significant part however much you try.

What I would recommend to the "new indies":

- Build this on a side with a steady full-time job. If you can't get to a few thousand dollars per month by investing 2-3 hours per week day plus 10-20 hours on a weekend, going full time won't make a difference.

- If you have a family, be careful. You are making high risk decisions but people who depend on you didn't ask you to make a leap into unknown territory. Attempt to pull of indie business is stressful for everyone, may lead to years of strained relationship, and to a divorce.

- Do not share too much business information with your spouse. What is acceptable risk to you may cause dread to your significant other. They don't deserve all the emotional ups and downs that come with running a solo business. Absolutely do share important things because you are in this together - just don't frighten people whenever you are in a bad situation.

- Be mentally stable. If money is tight, if things are unknown, remember this was your choice.

- Don't be too proud - always be prepared to freelance or find a "real job" if needed. Remember that big success can take (many) years or it may never come. Do your best but do not self-destruct.

- Read "The E-Myth Revisited" to learn that your job changes. I was a spectacularly good developer when I started this. Today? Perhaps just a very good one because development turned out to be 10% of the job. You will wear many hats and some of those hats you will absolutely hate. You thought all you'll do is make state of the art software? Yeah, and you will also do sales, website, marketing, customer support, accounting, taxes. You will be exposed to all the shit you were blissfully unaware exists in business while at a steady job because it was someone else's job to handle all that. You will understand your past bosses much better.

All that said, I love the business I built. A beautiful lifestyle business for a quite a few years. It's a stable and growing business now, with a team of 20-ish people in 6 countries. We make great things, and have a great work-life balance.

You can do it, just don't sacrifice everything else. Nothing is certain but do your best. Always be kind to people. Remember to take care of the family first. Be there for them, spend time with them. Kids never grow up twice - what you missed, you missed for good.

(Edited for formatting)
by fsh | 2025-11-28 12:39:19+00:00
Even 21 was only possible by cheating (optimizing away the difficult part using prior knowledge of the results) [1]. Craig Gidney has a blog post that shows the actual quantum circuit for factoring 21 which is far beyond the capabilities of current quantum computers [2].

[1] https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12290

[2] https://algassert.com/post/2500
by phyzix5761 | 2025-11-28 12:39:35+00:00
The good (or bad) thing about humans is they always want more than what they have. AI seems like a nice tool that may solve some problems for people but, in the very near future, customers will demand more than what AI can do and companies will need to hire people who can deliver more until those jobs, eventually like all jobs, are automated away. We see this happen every 50 years or so in society. Just have a conversation with people your grandparent's age and you'll see they've gone through the same thing several times.
by skydhash | 2025-11-28 12:39:36+00:00
There’s place where you can break the code before 100 or even 80 line limit. And the only reason that you cannot do so with code is excessive indentation (nested scope). Which you will find easily in very long functions.

> Which you could just as well have right there where you read the block.

A function forces encapsulation and make explicit the external factors. A block doesn’t make clear which variables in the parent scope it’s using or if everything in the block is one logical step.
by Angostura | 2025-11-28 12:40:17+00:00
I'm an iCloud+ subscriber and have moved a couple of my e-mail addresses across to use Apple's servers (about a year ago) for 'free'.

So far, it has worked consistently with no problems. The only annoyance is iyt doesn't seem that you can break multiple icloud-hosted mailboxes out into their own GUI mailboxes in the Mail client - they all get dumped into a Mailbox called 'Cloud'
by cbeach | 2025-11-28 12:40:43+00:00
> libertarian is not what that government will be

How can you be so sure? Why do you assume that everything that the Reform chairman, Zia Yusuf (head of policy) is lies? What, from his history, suggests that he is a liar?

> catastrophic issues already affecting Reform councils like Kent.

A small number of councillors left, but KCC is still a strong Reform majority. Councillors come and go throughout the year (just look at the constant stream of council by-elections), so to call Kent a "catastrophe" is hyperbole.

> It will be populist, white and significantly authoritarian

Populist yes. But I've never understood why popular polices get such a bad rep in a supposed democracy?

White? So what? Although it's rapidly changing thanks to Tory/Labour policies, the UK remains a majority white country. Why is politicians' skin colour an issue in your mind?

"Significantly authoritarian" how? Can you name an "authoritarian" policy in Reform's last manifesto?

> Do you think Reform could succeed without Farage?

Yes. Zia Yusuf is an extraordinary man, and my money would be on him becoming the leader when Farage inevitably steps down. And your concerns about white politicians will hopefully be soothed when a second-generation Sri Lankan is our Reform prime minister.

https://www.youtube.com/@ZiaYusufOfficial

> the parliamentary maths to get to an outright majority is really extreme; the system does not support such things easily.

For that to happen, you need a strong i.e. 30%+ share, and you need numerous opposing parties with similar policies, and all polling at similar levels. That's EXACTLY what's happening, and the electoral calculus puts Reform on a strong majority (low = 325, high = 426)

https://www.politico.eu/europe-poll-of-polls/united-kingdom/...

https://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/prediction_main.html
by Hard_Space | 2025-11-28 12:40:44+00:00
Fastmail; I moved nearly three years ago, and never regretted it. If you can stand the five-eyes aspect, of course.

Also, I use its under-publicized 10GB of free space (i.e., additional to the 10GB of mail space allowance) to more than comfortably host LDAP data such as my Joplin data, and Floccus bookmarks.
by latexr | 2025-11-28 12:40:57+00:00
From the second paragraph in your link:

> While some 19th-century experiments suggested that the underlying premise is true if the heating is sufficiently gradual, according to modern biologists the premise is false: changing location is a natural thermoregulation strategy for frogs and other ectotherms, and is necessary for survival in the wild. A frog that is gradually heated will jump out. Furthermore, a frog placed into already boiling water will die immediately, not jump out.
by mapt | 2025-11-28 12:42:15+00:00
While I'm sure you know much more than I do about UK politics, it seems like some systemic factor pushes both Tories and Labour and whoever else comes close to power, well to the right of their respective voters. In the US, that factor would be campaign contributions and an extremely well-funded conservative propaganda/patronage machine on a war footing.

In the UK, is it all about media ownership or something?
by constantcrying | 2025-11-28 12:42:43+00:00
Completely false. The jobs have not changed at all, the companies have no actual ability to do so. Especially not Volkswagen.

Americans hear "layoffs" and think it means people getting fired and walked out of buildings 30 minutes later. The reality of layoffs at Volkswagen is that people in their late 50s and 60s were asked whether they wanted to retire early. Staff were offered up to hundreds of thousands of Euros to voluntarily leave.
by sigmoid10 | 2025-11-28 12:43:40+00:00
This is why you want containerisation or, even better, full virtualisation. Running programs built on node, python or any other ecosystem that makes installing tons of dependencies easy (and thus frustratingly common) on your main system where you keep any unrelated data is a surefire way to get compromised by the supply chain eventually. I don't even have the interpreters for python and js on my base system anymore - just so I don't accidentally run something in the host terminal that shouldn't run there.
by mikkupikku | 2025-11-28 12:43:53+00:00
You describe the EU as an undemocratic institution that brings about unwanted laws by fatigue, I understand that perspective.

You also say that the collapse of the EU would be insanely sad. I also understand that perspective.

What I don't understand is how somebody could have both of these points of view at once, in the same comment no less.
by 2000UltraDeluxe | 2025-11-28 12:45:37+00:00
The reservoirs in Finland aren't quite at the scale your Explorer Vodka-fuelled Swedish mind believe them to be. Most are small generators hooked up to the local rivers, and are required to prioritize keeping the water from flooding residential areas.

There's a reason we're looking at using old mines for pumped hydro rather than trying to pump water upriver during a spring flood because other power sources have surplus generation.
by the_af | 2025-11-28 12:45:48+00:00
To be honest I think incels as a full-blown phenomenon came after my generation. In any case, as my sibling commenters point out, there are so many variables you cannot really isolate which one is responsible for the incels. Did porn play a part? Maybe. I bet there are lots of things that played a larger part, including other aspects/platforms of the internet which spread hateful and misogynistic rhetoric.
by graemep | 2025-11-28 12:47:28+00:00
Not usual, but two out of the last 20 governments is not what I would call very rare.

its more likely than it has been in a very long time with multiple smaller parties gaining seats. Nationalists in Scotland and Wales have been around a whole, and NI always had its own parties, but on top of that we now have Reform and the Greens making gains.
by ffsm8 | 2025-11-28 12:47:36+00:00
NAS in this context is more about home server then an actual plain network attached storage.

I usually call mine NAS too, despite technically using it more for selfhosting - and basically never mounting it's data volumes. I think this applies to almost everyone using them nowadays, which is also the reason why the pre built ones are less and less relevant - because they always have super conservative CPUs (which are more then sufficient for a NAS that's actually used as a plain network attached storage - but severely underperforming if the user wants to run services on it.)