MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by tpmoney | 2025-11-28 00:38:45+00:00
If it is sufficiently transformative yes it does. That’s why “information” per se is not eligible for copyright, no matter what the NFL wants you to think. No printing the entire text of a Harry Potter book in red ink is not likely to be viewed as sufficiently transformative. But if you take the entirety of that book and publish a list of every word and the frequency, it’s extremely unlikely to be found a violation of copyright. If you publish a count of every word with the frequency weighted by what word came before it, you’re also very likely to not be found to have violated copyright. If you distribute the MD5 sum of the file that is a Harry Potter book you’re also not likely to be found to have violated copyright. All of these are “changing how the information is stored”.
by famouswaffles | 2025-11-28 00:39:10+00:00
>Right, which is just not very impressive giving how much money they are burning

They are not burning that much money right now.

>I disagree, they lose massive amounts of money on every query.

Both google and Altman confirm the fact that a median LLM query is no more expensive than a google search. Beyond that, we have multiple third parties with who offer profitable access to open source llms and others. Inference is cheap, there's no doubt about it. They lose money because they have hundreds of millions of weekly active users that are not monetized in any way (no ads, nothing).

>Google, Meta, et al. could trivially overthrow OpenAI in my view.

If they could, it would have happened. Both of these players are stuffing their clones in front of billions of users (android and all of meta's apps), and neither have dented Open AI's growth or relevance. ChatGPT is still the undisputed leader in the consumer llm space. Gemini is a very very distant second, and the rest might as well not even register.

There's a reason edge and bing usage is still minuscule despite microsoft having a chokehold on consumer laptops/computers and setting those as defaults. People need to understand that you don't unseat a leader just by copying them. They wish the could trivially overthrow Open AI, but they actually can't.

>I also think ads are a dead end. Consumers absolutely will not tolerate advertisements in their LLMs.

People have said that about Netflix and countless services that introduced ads. Instead, it quickly became Netflix's most popular tier. The Implentation has to be really obnoxious before people actually care about ads.

>No student is going to submit an essay which has obvious hints towards Bose making the best speakers. No programmer is going to write code that embeds a Java runtime because Oracle paid for OpenAI ad space. No artist is going to publish art that just so happens to contain lots of references to Coca Cola.

I'm sorry but you are making up problems that don't need to exist. You are essentially imagining the llm equivalent of obtrusive pop up ads and I have no idea why. Of course chatgpt won't be doing any of these, that's ridiculous.
by A_D_E_P_T | 2025-11-28 00:39:47+00:00
Peak Whig History. You may want to consider whether you're mistaking temporary anomalies for permanent truths. A review of history illustrates that democracy is simply the mechanism by which the merchant class destroys the traditional aristocracy. It is a transitionary phase, not a permanent state. It will inevitably transition to mob rule or oligarchy -- and you can see this all around you! Answer me this: If "democracy" is so great, why is it that every Western political establishment is terrified of direct democracy and plebiscites?

Ancient Greek-style democracy -- where every citizen votes on every important issue -- can now be implemented in the US and any European country, with ease. It's not like we don't have the technology. Why do we need corrupt intermediaries? To simplify things a bit, it is because we're going to get oligarchy or ochlocracy, and the oligarchs want to make sure they're on the winning team, whereas direct democracy is a path to ochlocracy within a mere handful of years.

The Ancients knew all of this, of course.

All that said, a state's form of government has very little (in some cases nothing) to do with that state's ability to benefit from material progress.

It's a real laugh to suggest that our ancestors were "suffering enormously" on account of the fact that they were ruled by a feudal lord who descended from his mountain fortress once a year to collect taxes in the form of a handful or two of grain. Our ancestors had a place, a duty, a strong faith, and a connection to their superiors and inferiors. Large families, festivals and feast days, homes full of music. On balance, they were probably happier than modern man.
by cal_dent | 2025-11-28 00:40:23+00:00
think you've been led down a garden path there...this is not true, based on my equally anecdotal takes from family who are teachers there. There is a problem about lack of male teachers in NZ but that is more as a result of men not wanting to be teachers rather than parents not wanting it. Most schools are desperate to get more teachers and the govt as also tried schemes to get more men to teach.
by sleepyguy | 2025-11-28 00:40:42+00:00
There is no other nation on earth that has suffered more bombardment than Ukraine. The Russians have shelled Ukraine with over 100 million shells. There were days where they would fire over 30k shells.

People in the West just don't understand what happened and is happening over there. The mines that have been laid will take 100 years to clear. The environmental damage will last centuries.

Gaza could be rebuilt in a couple of years, it will take Ukraine decades.
by kieranmaine | 2025-11-28 00:43:47+00:00
The system in the article works alongside gas and wood chips heating, so there are other options in place if the sand battery cannot be "charged".

FTA:

> The project will cut fossil-based emissions in the Vääksy district heating network by around 60% each year, by reducing natural gas use bu 80% and also decreasing wood chip consumption.
by echelon | 2025-11-28 00:44:25+00:00
> Hosting <100MB installers doesn't take work.

> It basically is zero cost to keep those files available somewhere.

You don't know that.

Maybe it was put in a bucket or host that died when the company switched to a subscription model. Maybe they don't have copies on hand. Maybe it was a previous team that owned it. Maybe a different owner.

You're assuming a possibility space of zero chance of work on their behalf. There are lots of things that could have happened.
by add-sub-mul-div | 2025-11-28 00:47:11+00:00
It was an innocent and naive time. We didn't know and can be excused for not having foreseen or listened to the warnings about the ways it was going to be used against us. Optimism was a luxury.

My question is, knowing what we know now, why are so many prostrating themselves to those who are selling us the new breakthrough that they're going to use to hurt us more than help us? This time, there's no excuse to fall for it.
by pfdietz | 2025-11-28 00:50:02+00:00
These are interesting, but the cost per kWh of storage capacity is still probably too high for true seasonal storage. Short term storage runs into competition with batteries.

I point again to Standard Thermal for an idea tailored to true seasonal storage. I wait for more news from them, particularly on their very low cost resistive heater technology.

https://www.orcasciences.com/articles/standard-thermal
by torginus | 2025-11-28 00:50:16+00:00
My personal guess would be what drives the cost and size of these chips is the memory bandwidth and the transcievers required to support it. Since transcievers/memory controllers are on the edge of the chip, you get a certain minimum circumference for a given bandwidth, which determines your min surface area.

It might be even 'free' to fill it with more complicated logic (especially one that allows you write clever algorithms that let you save on bandwidth).
by pclmulqdq | 2025-11-28 00:51:13+00:00
Look at the CGI graphics and indications in their published material that all they have is a simulation. A It's all there without disclosing an anticipated release date. Even their product pages and their news page don't seem to have indications of this.

Also, the 3D graphic of their chip on a circuit board is missing some obvious support pieces, so it's clearly not from a CAD model.

Lots of chip startups start as this kind of vaporware, but very few of them obfuscate their chip timelines and anticipated release dates this much. 5 years is a bit long to tapeout, but not unreasonable.
by everdrive | 2025-11-28 00:51:32+00:00
It's important to filter out 100% of Linkedin content. Sometimes someone will post a twitter screenshot, usually something offensive. It sometimes hooks me for a moment, but then I remember the golden rule: information posted on twitter is not worth noticing. It doesn't even rise of the level of outage; it's not even worth acknowledging. So the best thing to do is ignore it and move on. I would suggest the same is true for Linkedin and really any social media.

If someone said something there, you're really the one at fault for knowing about it. Why did you read it? Having read it, why are you still thinking about it. It's a pure waste of your time, and the only positive course of action is to move beyond outage towards apathy and then finally towards total lack of awareness.
by delichon | 2025-11-28 00:51:51+00:00
It's safer than human drivers now. That's good enough. It will take more than that to convince world, and it should. I applaud the well earned skepticism. But I'm an old guy who has no problem qualifying for a driver's license, and if you replaced me with FSD 14.2, especially under not ideal conditions like at night or in a storm, everyone would be safer.

I predict a cusp to be reached in the next few years when safety advocates flip from trying to slow down self driving to trying to mandate it.
by Nextgrid | 2025-11-28 00:52:50+00:00
Proving the attack is state-sponsored is difficult (as any attack you attribute to a country can very well be a false-flag operation), and “state sponsorship” is itself a spectrum; for example, you could argue India’s insufficient action against tech-support scammers is effectively state-sanctioned.

This can of course be resolved, but here’s the kicker: our own governments equally enjoy this ambiguity to do their own bidding; so no government truly has an incentive to actually improve cross-border identity verification and cybercrime enforcement.

Not to mention, even besides government involvement, these malicious actors still “engage” or induce “engagement” which happens to be the de-facto currency of the technology industry, so even businesses don’t actually have any incentive of fighting them.
by Brian_K_White | 2025-11-28 00:53:10+00:00
"If Microsoft misappropriates GPL code how exactly is that "stealing" from me, the user, of that code? I'm not deprived in any way."

Yes you are. You are just deprived of something you apparently don't recognize or value, but that doesn't make it ok.

The original author was also stolen from and that doesn't rely on your understanding or perception.

The original author set some terms. Therm were not money but they are terms exactly like money. They said "you can have this, and only price is you have to make the source, and the further right to redistribute, available to any user you hand a binary to.

Well MS handed you a binary and did not also hand you the source or the right to redistribute.

That stole from both you and the original author and me who might otherwise have benefited from your own child work. The fact that you personally apparently were never going to make use of something they owe you doesn't change the fact that they owe you, and the original author and me.
by mjb | 2025-11-28 00:53:28+00:00
There is no reason a database can’t be both strongly consistent (linearizable, or equivalent) and available to clients on the majority side of a partition. This is, by far, the common case of real-world partitions in deployments with 3 data centers. One is disconnected or fails. The other two can continue, offering both strong consistency and availability to clients on their side of the partition.

The Gilbert and Lynch definition of CAP calls this state ‘unavailable’, in that it’s not available to all clients. Practically, though, it’s still available for two thirds of clients (or more, if we can reroute clients from the outside), which seems meaningfully ‘available’ to me!

If you don’t believe me, check out Phil Bernstein’s paper (Bernstein and Das) about this. Or read the Gilbert and Lynch proof carefully.
by dghlsakjg | 2025-11-28 00:53:38+00:00
Comparing a company that refuses to support a purchase with an expired support term to refusing to save the life of a child? I would argue that refusing to stop the death of a child is not in any way comparable to refusing to go above and beyond on a $13 sale from years ago.

> Similar logic applies here, which is that it costs next to nothing for them to provide downloads to existing owners, because they presumably have the digital distribution infrastructure for new sales.

In any case, hosting archival versions is not free, it incurs a cost, just like printing, mailing, and postage does for a hard copy of a book. The cost is possibly less, but not 0.

If you think there is a threshold for when a company should cover the costs of negligent loss versus not covering those costs, what is it? Why is the cost of shipping a replacement cost of a physical media above that cost, and the cost of hosting a server in perpetuity below that cost?

New sales are for different versions than what he purchased. Filezilla sells a perpetual license with updates for a year. They just keep the most up to date version on the download server and cut off your access after a year.

In order to implement what you are suggesting they would have to build an entire application that knows when your support ended and serve the specific build that you are licensed for, or provide that ability to their CS team. The reality is that the cost of developing and maintaining that minimal functionality are far from free, probably not too dissimilar from the cost of replacing physical copies of books at a unit level, tbh.

While, yes, it would be generous for Filezilla to provide perpetual support and downloads, that is not what was offered or purchased. They provided software, they supported it for a year, they even allow him to use their customer support resources outside of that time.

Under what moral system is there an imperative to do something that is beyond what you originally agreed to in an anonymous purchase?

At the end of the day, all this spilled ink is about a ~$13 license. Sorry, but a years old $13 purchase carries precisely no implied moral imperative for perpetual availability.
by pfdietz | 2025-11-28 00:53:39+00:00
It's even better than that. In addition to the factor of n from ratio of volume to surface area, there's also a factor of n from the increased thermal resistance of the mass of the storage volume (the temperature gradient from the surface to the center goes as 1/n). So, the thermal time constant of the object scales as n^2.

This very favorable scaling is why natural geothermal retains heat even though the input energy was delivered gradually over as much as millions of years.
by torginus | 2025-11-28 00:53:46+00:00
I feel like this is more like the console/PC debate in the 90s. Consoles like the SNES had dedicated fixed function graphics hardware with weaker general specs, but with the special HW they could perform as well as a much more expensive PC - but as devs made more and more varied and clever games, that fixed function hardware couldn't support it and the PC became the superior choice.
by Reason077 | 2025-11-28 00:54:29+00:00
> “Hydro-energy exist, but it's fairly built out so stable non-fossil power needs to be nuclear, or wind/sun + storage”

Interconnectors also exist (and more are planned), which means, for example, that Norway can buy wind energy from the UK when it’s cheap and abundant, in preference to using stored energy from their hydro lakes.

That way they effectively get more out of existing hydro lakes, which in Norway is already a very significant storage capacity.
by handsclean | 2025-11-28 00:54:30+00:00
FileZilla explicitly and emphatically sells a license, not a download. In fact, technically not even the initial download is included in the purchase. They’re technically within their rights to never even give you the software, just say “all we ever sold you was a promise not to sue”, but we’d all agree that’s a scam, right? So, where’s the line?

Point of comparison, Steam, CodeCanyon, and Gumroad all let you re-download the version you licensed indefinitely.
by kukkeliskuu | 2025-11-28 00:54:40+00:00
Your example is too simple to show the problem with the "eventual consistency" as people use the term in real life.

Let's say you have two systems, one containing customers (A) and other containing contracts for the customers (B).

Now you create a new contract by first creating the customer in system A and then the contract on system B.

It may happen that web UI shows the contract in system B, which refers to the customer by id (in system A), but that customer becomes visible slightly after in system A.

The web UI has to either be built to manage the situation where fetching customer by id may temporarily fail -- or accept the risk that such cases are rare and you just throw an error.

If a system would be actually "eventually consistent" in the sense you use the term, it would be possible for the web UI to get guarantee from the system-of-systems to fetch objects in a way that they would see either both the contract and the customer info or none.
by dragonwriter | 2025-11-28 00:56:03+00:00
No, almost cerainly it would be practically impossible if you reproduced the entire work, on top of evidence that you had perused it, because it would be very hard to convince a trier of fact that the duplication really was coincidence rather than copying, but it might be a very different story if you had read Harry Potter and then wrote another work that includes the text “Up!” she screeched. (which appears verbatim in the first volume of the series.)
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-11-28 00:56:44+00:00
"In August she declared in an Irish Times article that she intended to use those royalties 'to go on supporting Palestine Action.'

...

Following that statement, she said she had been advised that any such payment to her for those televised dramatisations could be a breach of terrorism laws."

The author may choose to withdraw her books because her publisher won't pay her as long as she publicly commmits to using the proceeds to fund Palestine Action. The title makes it sound like someone is pulling her books; that does not appear to be the case.
by Dylan16807 | 2025-11-28 00:56:56+00:00
Some of those errors would be understandable (but still reflect pretty badly on the company), but given they said they refuse to allow downloads it doesn't sound like they lost the data.

If they don't have copies on hand, they could fix that with a one time effort that still comes out as negligible overall.

Also if they can prevent just a few support tickets, they'd save money from the effort.
by joegibbs | 2025-11-28 00:56:56+00:00
I agree, back before LLMs I would be so tired at the end of the day and it would take forever, typing out tedious stuff that I've done before but slightly differently - making a form for some thing or a page that displays something else. Now I can just go and tell it to make me a new page in the style of the last one that displays XYZ information instead and it makes it in 20 seconds. Tell it to implement this algorithm for this data and it does it. It's great, it feels like going up a level in abstraction and just thinking about the bigger picture.
by mopsi | 2025-11-28 00:57:08+00:00
> The military and intelligence chiefs of all these countries will of course act this way, the other side of the answer for this question is "No worries, Russia's not a threat, we'll keep everything as is". Imagine if a military general from Poland or Finland answers this, he'll lose his job immediately.

Why? The public and other government institutions would much prefer to hear that there is no threat from Russia, and that we do not need to pull productive members of society away from their work and studies to serve as conscripts. Finnish law requires all apartment buildings to provide proper shelters, which adds about 2% to construction costs. Don't you think real estate developers and buyers would be very glad to eliminate this expense? If Russia is not a threat, then this is just a waste of resources.

But your argument is a tough sell when major Russian exercises simulate naval and airborne landings into Finland and missile strikes against Finnish cities. Combined with extreme rhetoric from Russian state media, which regularly questions Finland's right to exist, accuses it of being a Russophobic Nazi state, and portrays it as a "dangerous breakaway" instead of a legitimate independent nation, there is little room to underestimate the seriousness of the threat. This is the same rhetoric Russia has used against Ukraine, and we can all see how far they are willing to take it. Many dismissed the rhetoric as empty posturing until missiles started raining down.

> Russia can't even occupy Ukraine, a country with the lowest GDP per capita in europe, with one of the highest corruption indexes, let alone imagine occupying parts of Europe, say Poland, or the Baltics.

GDP per capita doesn't fight.

Ukraine had vast Soviet stockpiles that had not been scrapped. For example, independent counting has recorded at least 1330 visually confirmed Ukrainian tank losses. Compare that with Germany, which has twice the population and is far wealthier: as of 2022, the entire German fleet consisted of only ~200 operational tanks.

How many other countries in Europe can afford to lose 1330 tanks and still keep fighting? Who even has 1330 operational tanks to begin with? No one. Even major countries like the UK and France have only 160 and 220 tanks, respectively. These small numbers are not enough to stop the kind of onslaught Ukraine is experiencing, which is why European military leaders are rightfully so concerned.
by Mawr | 2025-11-28 00:57:19+00:00
I don't know what you mean. The only way you could ever end up with a cheaper fare with a taxi is the sort of edge case you've hit - a single trip that happened to end up cheaper. And that must be an edge case, since even single trip cost is always lower for mass transit. Travel times and such may be worse of course, but not cost.

Even discounting single trip price, the more trips you make, the better and better mass transit scales. For example, take London - even if you do the brainless act of just tapping your card on every card reader as you go, you can only get charged so much: [1].

But monthly/yearly tickets are really where the cost effectiveness comes in. I was being very generous in my calculations above, I assumed you'd only travel 2x a day, to commute to work. But as soon as you've bought the ticket, all trips during its duration become effectively free, so there's no reason not to use the system as much as practicable.

For example, I've probably made around 40 trips in the last 3 days. That plus all my commuting trips this month puts my cost per trip on the order of pennies per trip. You just can't beat that for cost.

[1]: https://tfl.gov.uk/fares/find-fares/capping