MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by whizzter | 2025-11-27 23:12:21+00:00
For reference, this city is about as north as Anchorage Alaska and today they got less than 7 hours of sunlight and it'll continue to decrease for the next 3 weeks.

The Nordic countries generally still wants to increase their wind and solar power, but the big issue during winters is when there's cold air high pressure systems we get neither sun nor wind, having an energy storage that can hold up to 5 days worth of energy should help us nudge past them.

Hydro-energy exist (mainly Sweden and Norway, but I think some in Finland as well), but it's fairly built out so stable non-fossil power needs to be nuclear, or wind/sun + storage (that hasn't been good enough so far).
by theli0nheart | 2025-11-27 23:12:33+00:00
Yikes, Mixpanel lost a OpenAI as a customer because of this.

> Trust, security, and privacy are foundational to our products, our organization, and our mission. We are committed to transparency, and are notifying all impacted customers and users. We also hold our partners and vendors accountable for the highest bar for security and privacy of their services. After reviewing this incident, OpenAI has terminated its use of Mixpanel.
by mrb | 2025-11-27 23:13:25+00:00
"the NAS in idle consumes more power than my UNAS Pro with 4x8TB HDD and 2X8TB SSD, as well as a Mac mini M1 with a 2TB Samsung T7 SSD, and my 4 access points and 4 protect cameras combined."

I know that's not true. I say this as someone who measures the power consumption of individual components, and even individual rails with a clamp meter. The OP measures an idle power of 67W. He has 6 x 8TB HDDs. These typically consume 5W idling (not spun down). So the OP's NAS without drives is probably around 37W.

A UNAS Pro without drives reportedly consumes 20W with no drives. Adding 4 x 8TB at 5W per drive, means your UNAS Pro config with drives probably idles at 40W (again, drives not spun down). That means you are 17W under his NAS idle power. So you claim your remaining hardware (Mac mini, 4 APs, 4 cameras) run in under 17W... Yeah that's not possible. 17W is peanuts; it's half the power of a phone's fast charger (~30W).

PS: for the OP, an easy way to further reduce power consumption is to replace your 500W PSU with a smaller one, like 250-300W which is still amply over-specced for your build. Because the typical efficiency curve of a PSU drops sharply at very low loads. For example at idle when your NAS pulls 67W from the wall it's very probable it supplies only ~50W to the internal components, so it's running at 10% load and it's only 50/67 = 75% efficient. The smallest load for which the 80 Plus Gold standard requires a minimum efficiency is 20%. If you downgrade to a 250W PSU you are enforcing a minimum 20% load for which the 80 Plus Gold standard requires minimum 87% efficiency. The load at the wall would thus drop to 50/.87 = 57W thereby saving you 10W.
by dghlsakjg | 2025-11-27 23:14:20+00:00
Because what you paid for is the software on physical media. Why would any publisher just hand out things for free that they otherwise charge for because you claim you lost the item. Back in the days of physical software, it used to be common to buy and sell used software. The difference between "I lost it, send me a new one" and "I sold it, send me a new one" is a simple lie, that more people than you think would be happy to tell a faceless corpo. Would it be nice if they issued a new copy that worked with the old key? Yes, but there is no moral argument for requiring it.

If I lose a book, I wouldn't expect the publisher to send me a new one. If I buy a physical copy of a Nintendo game and lose the cartridge, there is no reason to expect Nintendo to send me a new one. Why would MS word be different?
by catapart | 2025-11-27 23:14:59+00:00
Tried atproto and bluesky and left the whole ecosystem because the people who made and maintain bsky are shitty people that I don't want to be associated with.

I agree with the "get your own domain" part. But I'm done with the faux decentralization of bsky and wouldn't bother with the time and maintenance investment in any of the other supposed "social media" schemes like mastodon or nostr.

Just putting up my own social network on my own domain and treating it like a blog. Whatever else social media pretends to be useful for, I'm happy to ignore.
by bear141 | 2025-11-27 23:15:04+00:00
You are definitely right about the financial barriers. I’ve struggled to find one every time I have switched or lost a certain insurance coverage too so there is a shortage even if you can afford them.

I’m inclined to think chatGPT would probably be good enough for therapy basics and could help people that have never encountered them, but would probably become much worse after needing any specialized help. Online platforms like BetterHelp are complete trash and just make the therapist and the person feel hopeless.
by flto | 2025-11-27 23:15:22+00:00
> Also your boot-chain is still closed and proprietary

Nowadays the entire thing until you land in EL1 needs to be signed by Qualcomm as well. This is without "Secure Boot" enabled. OEMs only get to run code under the hypervisor. And you might want to use a part of the hardware but someone decided the VM your code runs in shouldn't have access to that, too bad.
by perihelions | 2025-11-27 23:15:26+00:00
Natural gas and wood chips,

> "The installation will supply heat to the Vääksy district heating network and is expected to lower fossil-based emissions by approximately 60% annually, primarily through an estimated 80% reduction in natural gas consumption and reduced reliance on wood chips."

https://www.pv-magazine.com/2025/11/25/finlands-polar-night-...
by Etheryte | 2025-11-27 23:16:24+00:00
While I understand the author's frustration, I think they should take a moment and look in the mirror. A perpetual license doesn't mean that Filezilla should be a free hosting provider for installation media for eternity. Their reasons really aren't that relevant here. Likewise the rant about Mozilla is completely unfounded. There are many things to be upset at in the modern software world, this is not one of them.
by dghlsakjg | 2025-11-27 23:17:35+00:00
Maintaining a perpetual archive for the convenience of those that don't do backups is not part of a typical licensing agreement. It is a nice thing to do, but unless a perpetually accessible hosted file service is what you bought, it is reasonable for the company to stop hosting copies of software that they no longer sell.

Some people might believe differently, and some companies might do it out of the goodness of their hearts (or because they signed up for a permanent liability for hosting)
by tamimio | 2025-11-27 23:18:33+00:00
Oh no, not the protected class!!

AI can and should replace CEOs, Lawyers, and even non surgeon doctors. The fact that AI is always brought up when it comes to software development layoffs (ironically they are the ones who built it) but yet it isn’t impacting the ones that it easily could, raise so many questions, and clearly shows that AI is being weaponized to lower wages of some workers while others are protected by regulations and lobbyists.
by bear141 | 2025-11-27 23:19:34+00:00
Oh I was oversimplifying for sure and like most things in life it is very dependent on who you are and what type of therapist you have(lcsw,psychiatrist,psychologist,practicing RN, etc), also just the views and opinions of the people involved will vary greatly on the outcome.

I’ve had plenty of bad experiences which exacerbated my hopelessness but overall I feel I’ve found help when I most needed it.

I think the introductory things in almost any form of therapy will help people, after that it gets much more complicated and it’s up to the individual to find something that fits or decide it’s not for them.
by samus | 2025-11-27 23:20:40+00:00
There aren't any because it depends a lot on what your use case is, what speed you expect, how accurate you want it to run, how many users want to use it, and how much context size you need.

- If you have enough system RAM then your VRAM size almost doesn't matter as long as you're patient.

- For most models, running them at 16bit precision is a waste, unless you're fine-tuning. The difference to Q8 is negligible, Q6 is still very faithful. In return, they need less memory and get faster.

- Users obviously need to share computing resources with each other. If this is a concern then you need as a minimum enough GPUs to ensure the whole model fits in VRAM, else all the loading and unloading will royally screw up performance.

- Maximum context length is crucial to think about since it has to be stored in memory as well, preferably in VRAM. Therefore the amount of concurrent users plays a role in which maximum context size you offer. But it is also possible to offload it to system RAM or to quantize it.

Rule of thumb: budget 1.5*s where s is the model size at the quantization level you're using. Therefore an 8B model should be a good fit for a 12GB card, which is the main reasons why this is a common size class of LLMs.
by cyanydeez | 2025-11-27 23:20:50+00:00
While you think this is a producer problem, it's simply a userland market.

Just like in the 90s when viruses primarily went to windows, it' wasn't some magical property of windows, it was the market of users available.

Also, following this logic, it then becomes survivorship bias, in that the more attacks they get, the more researchers spend time looking & documenting.
by NackerHughes | 2025-11-27 23:20:51+00:00
Any time you want to sign up for any "open social" platform, you have to rush to claim your domain name. If someone else got there first, too bad. And that domain name applies to every app using this protocol. So no chance to claim it on another app, ever.

So what, exactly, is the difference between this and internet handles? In fact, isn't this worse?
by em-bee | 2025-11-27 23:21:41+00:00
wasn't every traditional license where you bought some software that you could use indefinitely a perpetual license? and how many places allowed you to redownload a paid software product multiple times? is filezilla here really out of place. is it not just following the norm? don't most applications work this way? especially the ones who don't implement some kind of license key check? i mean, without a license key system, you can't sell a product and offer it as a free download as well. how would you verify that only those who paid for it can download it? so it doesn't make any sense for this to be an issue.
by vacuity | 2025-11-27 23:22:07+00:00
No data, and I imagine there isn't much to say either way, since collecting the data is difficult at best.

I think part of the discrepancy is that you're talking about abusers you've "heard of by name". The other is that people like Weinstein and Epstein clearly have power, and by default the powerful are left to their own devices (of course their victims and many others around are aware, but don't speak up). I think that, knowing that, one can calibrate a more accurate predictor. I think, if one hangs around a crowd long enough, one can typically gauge who's who in that crowd.
by dennis_jeeves2 | 2025-11-27 23:22:14+00:00
>> (especially women)

>It's always about that isn't it?

>How pathetic is it to still model your whole life after women while pretending to be an isle of self-reliance? Men really are lost.

If I were to hazard a guess: he said it in the passing. You read into it a little too much.
by kakacik | 2025-11-27 23:22:51+00:00
Yeah but who the heck even reads those? Whole 'social feed' is just bunch of pathetic 'look at me how I am engaging!' farts that is disgusting. Do recruiters participate? If yes who cares. Do engineers actually participate? I would expect some grifters and bullshitters but nobody serious.

If feels cringy and disgusting, apologies to engineers here who worked hard on that but that has no place in anything related to professionals and careers. I go there once every few years, do accept meaninglessly on all new connections and log off, ignoring all other parts. If I lose the job I'll update profile but otherwise the same.
by dwohnitmok | 2025-11-27 23:23:19+00:00
> You could do what you want by making that argument explicit formally and machine-checked, but then you have to do a lot more work, by translating all of the components of the informal proof into formal ones.

I don't see how you can. This is why I posed my question originally. Let me make the question sharper.

Here's some Isabelle code on the very simple function `double` that just doubles a natural number.

theory Double imports Main begin fun double :: "nat => nat" where "double 0 = 0" | "double (Suc n) = Suc (Suc (double n))" lemma double_eq_plus: "double x = x + x" by (induction x) auto lemma double_eq_times: "double x = 2 \* x" by (induction x) auto end

How do I even begin to write the formal argument that `double` has asymptotic runtime complexity that is linear in the size of its argument without resorting to `time_f`-style shenanigans?

I don't know how to even state it in Isabelle. Let alone prove it.
by echelon | 2025-11-27 23:25:40+00:00
> A perpetual license doesn't mean that Filezilla should be a free hosting provider for installation media for eternity.

Thank you.

This is like people who think $5 is too much for an app. We've become entitled to think software is free because giants pour lots of ad-riddled software in our laps.

You bought the car. You can use the car forever. If you lose it, that's on you.
by opello | 2025-11-27 23:25:46+00:00
It reminds me of LXR:

https://lxr.linux.no/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LXR_Cross_Referencer

which when I started working with Linux was a great asset. At some point it seems it inspired a reimplementation in Python:

https://elixir.bootlin.com/

https://github.com/bootlin/elixir
by gruez | 2025-11-27 23:26:14+00:00
>and how many places allowed you to redownload a paid software product multiple times?

Better question is which places don't allow unlimited downloads. If you buy office 365, you can download it unlimited amount of times from microsoft. Hell, you can download it unlimited times even if you don't own it, because activation happens after it's installed. Same goes for something like Steam. The only exception is something that comes on physical media, or the company went bankrupt, none of that happened here.

>especially the ones who don't implement some kind of license key check?

they don't?

https://filezillapro.com/docs/v3/licensing/do-i-need-to-acti...
by dwohnitmok | 2025-11-27 23:26:15+00:00
Error in `f1_equal_to_f2`. Should be ` f1_equal_to_f2 : forall (x: Float), floatToR(f1(x)) = f2(floatToR(x))` with an implicit proof delivered to `f2` that `forall (x: R), IsFloat(floatToR(x))`.

Also there's some subtleties in how to set up the code extraction to make sure you don't inadvertently extract other real-valued functions, but this is already too long.
by em-bee | 2025-11-27 23:27:09+00:00
First of all, pure AI-generated code is uncopyrightable now. Uncopyrightable code can't be under GPL.

if AI generates something that is equal to existing code, then the license of that code applies. the AI generated product as a whole can't be copyrighted, but the portions that reproduce copyrighted code retain the original copyright.

they can remove the stolen part and replace it with their own code

sure, if they can do that, then they can distribute their code again. but until then they can't.
by cactusplant7374 | 2025-11-27 23:28:44+00:00
Filezilla is horrible software compared to software like Transmit. What you have to understand is that someone with no artistic vision sat down and decided to build an FTP client for the masses. Fortunately, vibe coding will fix this. We will have much better software in the future. It will be free. It will be a commodity.
by skissane | 2025-11-27 23:29:25+00:00
Is authoritarianism actually susceptible to postmodern/poststructuralist critique?

The philosophcial coherence of postmodernism and poststructuralism is very much open to question.

But even if we grant that they do have something coherent to say, does it actually undermine authoritarianism? Consider for example Foucault’s theory of power-knowledge-Foucault wanted to use it to serve “liberatory” ends, but isn’t it in itself a neutral force which can be wielded to serve whatever end you wish? Foucault himself demonstrated this when he came out in support of Iran’s Islamic Revolution. And are Derrida or Deleuze or Baudrillard or whoever’s theories ultimately any different?

Xi and Putin and Khamenei and friends have real threats to worry about - but I struggle to take seriously the idea that postmodernism/poststructuralism is one of them.
by dontdoxxme | 2025-11-27 23:29:31+00:00
> Not a techie? The README is optimized for AI-assisted deployment. Feed it to your LLM of choice (Claude, GPT, etc.) and it can walk you through the entire setup for your specific hardware.

The whole thing is AI slop. I thought there might be something interesting here but it's just a bunch of disconnected fragments of OpenWRT config and some other bits without any overall thought.

It doesn't even use network namespaces. You can probably do better by giving your LLM https://www.wireguard.io/netns/ as input.
by voxl | 2025-11-27 23:30:06+00:00
All definitions are arbitrary if you're unwilling to couch them in human experience, because humans are the ones defining. And my main difference is right there in my initial response: an LLM is a stateless function. At best, it is a snapshot of a human brain simulated on a computer, but at no point could it learn something new once deployed. This is the MOST CHARITABLE interpretation of which I don't even concede in reality, it is not even a snapshot of a brain.
by willis936 | 2025-11-27 23:30:28+00:00
These are all problems for companies, not users.

Edit: let me give you an example. How much do you pay Valve for a Steam subscription? Zero, because they don't offer one, because that isn't what their customers want. This is Valve, who offers perpetual licenses exclusively, offers steep discounts often, and is worth 10s of billions of dollars. The excuses for why it doesn't work are bullshit peddled by middlemen mouthpieces for suits who believe in nothing. They are redundant leeches. Ignore them and make it work.
by echelon | 2025-11-27 23:30:41+00:00
> the expectation is that the link keeps working if the company is in business.

It is hard to keep things running when you're changing and experimenting. It's why Google shutters businesses it finds are not growing - they're a maintenance burden and suck up resources, dragging down other efforts. And that's for a company with near-infinite resources. Imagine sole proprietorships.

Someone has to care and devote time and attention to keep it there. At the expense of other opportunities.

Just because Tim Berners-Lee said "cool URIs don't change" doesn't mean it's practical. Almost everything is temporary and dies. It's okay. Not much in life has permanence.

If you want to hold onto it, archive it.
by kakacik | 2025-11-27 23:31:57+00:00
Too harsh on democracy, literally everything else is much worse. Attested by enormous suffering of tens of billions humans before or now who could only dream of freedoms like you have here, criticizing it openly without mortal fear of repressions on you and your loved ones.

The worst thing out there are those arrogant folks who think they know better than everybody else and go and try to create some sort of (self-centered) utopia, based on flawed expectations who we humans are, ignoring basic human traits we all share like selfishness. The more anybody tries to stick out of grand design and forge their own way (or even god forbid criticize), the harsher they are put down to not spoil the paradise.

I'd take democracy and freedom with corresponding risks and rewards any day over that.
by bakugo | 2025-11-27 23:32:16+00:00
> This isn’t a guide to writing kernel code. It’s an effort to understand how the Linux kernel thinks.

> not of function calls, but of how the kernel responds

> The kernel is not a process but the very foundation

> The Linux kernel is not just a set of subsystems—it is a layered system that enforces structure at runtime

> This flexibility does not come from runtime detection or dynamic reconfiguration. It comes from structure.

> Identity is not discovered at runtime. It is defined before execution begins.

> The kernel doesn't view memory as a simple map, but as a responsibility

> Memory Is Not a Place. It’s a System.

> Memory safety relies on disciplined handoffs, not centralized control or type enforcement.

> The Linux kernel goes beyond executing code; it enforces strict control

> Kernel execution is not linear code—it’s structured control

This legitimately hurts to read. I think I'm going to have an aneurysm if I continue.
by em-bee | 2025-11-27 23:32:20+00:00
ok, i didn't bother to check. so yeah, with a license key system it would cost them nothing to allow unlimited downloads for old versions. i don't buy their security argument either. my point was more about the general expectation that there should be unlimited downloads. i mean, it's nice to have, and kudos to those who offer it, but i don't see it as a generally expected practice.
by kylecazar | 2025-11-27 23:32:48+00:00
Happy thanksgiving!

I've lurked even longer than I've been a user... Probably about 15 years. It's been fun to watch several generations of kindred spirits join the party. For the most part, I think they assimilate, so the spirit of HN remains strong while new perspectives are added to the mix. It's still one of the best communities around.

Thanks to the mods and all of you!
by throwaway2037 | 2025-11-27 23:33:08+00:00
> default on it and hand the stranded assets back to creditors

I doubt the debt is secured by the power assets. If anything, maybe China can assume ownership of the entire powerplant if Pakistan cannot pay. They have done that many times in Africa. See: "debt-trap diplomacy". Also, it is terrible advice to tell a country to default on external debt. See: Argentina!
by adamredwoods | 2025-11-27 23:34:35+00:00
If I think back (way back), my own leap into "real job" after university was difficult, intimidating. I enjoyed having no real responsibilities, and tried to get the "fun" jobs even though it didn't pay much.

Eventually I had to. The first job I had was at an insurance company and I left it after 3 days. It was so boring, so serious, and no fun! Later, after more interviewing and some panicking, I found a job at a community college that had a little fun, but was much more "real world". It helped me transition.

I think you'll get there.
by mmastrac | 2025-11-27 23:34:38+00:00
I think this is an "everything sucks here" kind of story.

We don't understand the immune system enough to make transplants less risky.

We don't seem to know if QoL is better between those who take the procedure vs those who don't.

The ongoing costs to supporting these operations are crazy and the dysfunctional US system doesn't help.
by renewiltord | 2025-11-27 23:35:14+00:00
Realistically, this is why buy-once software is a bad idea. Users have expectations that can only be met via subscription service. If you choose the buy-once you'll get complaints like this with online mobs and so on. If you do services, you'll get paid and you provide the service and everyone's happy. SaaS is the better model in every way - including for the user.