MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ModernMech | 2025-11-13 15:24:25+00:00
Worse, some school systems require teachers to accept student work at any time. I have teacher friends who tell me stories about students who don't do anything all semester. Then in the last week, somehow all the work gets done and submitted, and it's all passing. Obviously what's happening is the parents are doing all the student's work, and the teacher is forced to pretend it's genuine.

Then there are the systems which only teach "theoretical" work. I had a student who said he could program, passed a bunch of classes called "programming in C++" and such, only to learn he hadn't written a program ever -- he had just been taught the theory of writing a program. It's like taking calculus but never doing an integral.
by Aurornis | 2025-11-13 15:24:25+00:00
> This is to say that Apple used to represent a sort of freedom to escape what used to be Microsoft's walled garden. Now it's just another dead-end closed ecosystem

So you haven’t had a Mac since 2017, but you believe all of us using Macs are stuck in some walled garden?

These comments are so weird. Gatekeeper can be turned off easily if that’s what you want. Most of us leave it on because it’s not actually a problem in practice. The homebrew change doesn’t even impact non-cask formulas.
by wobfan | 2025-11-13 15:24:35+00:00
Because it's wrong. AI doesn't save any CO2 or hours.

> AI helps in productivity in many places so it is definitely a fair point.

The productivity per hours might be higher, but the CO2 per hours is also higher, per definition. This isn't about productivity though, OP talked about CO2 emissions, and they can only rise, per capitalism's definition. If any company owner says "Okay we're doing a workday's work in an hour now, so now we'll just leave the office after one hour", then yes, we may save CO2. But this is not what's happening.

The hours still go by as fast as before, but instead of only having working humans, we have additional data centers that pollute the air.

In comparison to effectiveness, AI may (or may not, I saw studies that suggested otherwise) may reduce the CO2/LoC cost, but saying "AI saves CO2" is just entirely wrong and a misconception. It adds a massive amount of CO2. The rich people running the companies only earn money a little more faster than before.

> I run searches that otherwise would take 15 min in google. The energy to power the monitor for that much time itself is higher than one prompt that solved my search query.

But the time didn't go away. You consumed more energy in a smaller timeframe, but the rest of the 15 mins that you "saved" didn't go away. You probably did something else in there. So it just added CO2.
by gilfoy | 2025-11-13 15:25:43+00:00
It might actually help output answer with less nonsense.

As an example in some workflow I ask chatgpt to figure out if the user is referring to a specific location and output a country in json like { country }

It has some error rate at this task. Asking it for a rationale improves this error rate to almost none. { rationale, country }. However reordering the keys like { country, rationale } does not. You get the wrong country and a rationale that justifies the correct one that was not given.
by thisislife2 | 2025-11-13 15:25:49+00:00
Definitely. All mobile keyboards become keyloggers if you enable the spellcheck feature or autocomplete / suggestion feature or any AI feature on it (because they need to collect data to "improve service"). Apple also has made changes to its mobile OS when it helps data collection. E.g Allowing messenger apps like WhatsApp to integrate with the Phone app ensures that Apple now knows who you call (voice / video) on WhatsApp.
by pbronez | 2025-11-13 15:26:19+00:00
If Homebrew auto-signed third-party code, that puts them on the line for the security of that code. The whole point of MacOS developer certificates is to increase the trustworthiness of the software you run on your machine. The trust comes from the formal relationship between Apple and the software developer, which includes a traceable financial transaction. If signed software proves to be malicious, attribution is trivial.

If the homebrew team signed everything, they would immediately become a target for bad actors. The bad actors would flood homebrew with malicious binaries, which homebrew would auto-sign, users would download & run, and the bad actors would laugh all the way to the bank.
by jsheard | 2025-11-13 15:26:22+00:00
What did ILM work on? I'm looking but I can't find anything regarding them even using Blender at any point, nevermind contributing back to it.

Blender has seen more success than most open source art tools but it still seems to be relegated to individuals and small studios, while the ILMs of the world continue to be neck deep in commercial or bespoke tooling.
Show HN: I Built an app to Find and track specialty coffee shops worldwide
by jjaramillor | 2025-11-13 15:26:46+00:00
Hey HN,

I built Coffee Zip, an iOS app for finding specialty coffee shops and tracking your visits with a digital passport.

WHAT I'D LOVE FEEDBACK ON

1. Is the passport concept stupid or actually useful/fun? 2. How would you handle user-generated content (shops, reviews) without it turning into spam? 3. Monetization: Ads vs. subscription vs. one-time purchase? 4. Should I build Android or focus on making iOS perfect first?
by rirze | 2025-11-13 15:26:49+00:00
I'm very familiar with Keycloak, and I don't see this replacing it any time soon. As soon as I read: > The Ory Enterprise License (OEL) layers on top of self-hosted Kratos and provides:

Additional enterprise features that are not available in the open source version such as SCIM, SAML, organization login ("SSO"), CAPTCHAs and more

I knew it couldn't compete. Good luck to this product.
by lrvick | 2025-11-13 15:27:19+00:00
Keyfork only uses modern ECC PGP keys supported by the spec, prioritizing smartcard use, and using BIP32 KDF from a 256 bit mnemonic seed.

Nothing else comes close to the broad compatibility PGP offers. Just need to ignore legacy ciphers.

I suggest looking at the links. Latacoras take on this is IMO wildly out of date (6 years old to be fair).

PGP powers the core software supply chain security trust layer for the Linux distributions and tooling that power the whole internet and the standard does get updated.

PGP is not going away, but it is being upgraded.
by seanhunter | 2025-11-13 15:27:22+00:00
Somewhat offtopic, but in case anyone is curious my random stream was a little daemon process I wrote. The problem was around 2000-ish Linux had a weakness in /dev/random where it would read from things like keyboard timings and feed them in as sources of entropy into a cryptographic sponge function that would write them into /dev/random and increase the entropy count. If you had a long-running Linux server, it didn't have anyone typing on the keyboard and the other entropy sources didn't generate that much entropy so your server would eventually run out of entropy in the pool and then would block when people tried to initiate ssl connections.

So I wrote a little "additional entropy daemon" that would read things like CPU temperature fluctuations, signal noise on soundcards if installed etc (I forget them all exactly but there were a few), "bleach them" so they had reasonable statistical properties (eg the soundcard one before bleaching was almost all zeros with just occasional spikes in it so you want that to be normalized a bit) mix them together somewhat chaotically and then feed them into the sponge function with a relatively low entropy estimate. This meant our servers wouldn't block. I used diehard to test the randomness of the sources I was using before and after the mixing.

The bug got fixed and people generally got comfortable using /dev/urandom rather than /dev/random, so my little process moved on to live on a farm with other daemon processes that were retired from use. I don't even have the source code any more.
by syrusakbary | 2025-11-13 15:27:33+00:00
I don't think that's accurate, although it's true that needs extra work to work properly in JS based environments.

You can already create threads in Wasm environments (we got even fork working in WASIX!). However, there is an upcoming Wasm proposal that adds threads support natively to the spec: https://github.com/WebAssembly/shared-everything-threads
by Gormanu | 2025-11-13 15:27:52+00:00
If this works, we’re looking at the next structural shift in LLMs — and all the “bigger model = better” business might finally face a serious challenger. But — and you knew there’d be a “but” — if the reconstruction fails in edge-cases, or the continuous space hides weird failure modes, then this could backfire and produce models that look efficient but feel brittle.

Still — props to the team for going after the real root of inefficiency, not just piling on more layers. If nothing else, this is one to watch if you care about scaling models smarter.
by dahart | 2025-11-13 15:28:01+00:00
> The theoretical maximum rate for 1B particle advection (Just doing p[] += v[]ddt), is 1000GB/s / 24GB =41.667/s 42 iteration per second.

Just to clarify, the 24GB comes from multiplying 1B particles by 24 bytes? Why 24 bytes? If we used float3 particle positions, the rate would presumably be mem_bandwidth / particle_footprint. If we use a 5090, then the rate would be 1790GB/s / 12B = 146B particles / second (or 146fps of 1B particles).

> non interacting particles which are extremely boring

You assumed particle-particle collision above, which is expensive and might be over-kill. The top comment asked simply about the maximum rate of moving particles. Since interesting things take time & space, the correct accurate answer to that question is likely to be less interesting than trading away some time to get the features you proposed; your first answer is definitely interesting, but didn’t quite answer the question asked, right?

Anyway, I’m talking about other possibilities, for example interaction with a field, or collision against large objects. Those are still physically interesting, and when you have a field or large objects (as long as they’re significantly smaller footprint than the particle data) they can be engineered to have high cache coherency, and thus not count significantly against your bandwidth budget. You can get significantly more interesting than pure advection for a small fraction of the cost of particle-particle collisions.

Yes if you need rendering, that will take time out of your budget, true and good point. Getting into the billions of primitives is where ray tracing can sometimes pay off over raster. The BVH update is a O(N) algorithm that replaces the O(N) raster algorithm, but the BVH update is simpler than the rasterization process you described, and BVH update doesn’t have the scatter problem (write to multiple pixels) that you mentioned, it’s write once. BVH update on clustered triangles can now be done at pretty close to memory bandwidth. Particles aren’t quite as fast yet, AFAIK, but we might get there soon.
by rollcat | 2025-11-13 15:28:19+00:00
Personal experience. First: I'm not a gamer. I'm honestly bad at aiming with the mouse. (Even in my personal favourites, SC1/2, much more intensive on raw mechanics than AoE or BAR.)

I've first played Zelda BotW/TotK (which is very light on precise aiming), and I found the gyro both precise and intuitive. The game is nowhere near as fast-paced as a modern shooter, and the weakpoints are large enough to consistently crit. I enjoy the bow.

Then I've Switched to Warframe - a looter-shooter. NO auto-aim. My first attempts to aim with the thumbstick were painful and felt pointless. The default sensitivity was very low, which I imagine was supposed to help aiming, but it made many parkour moves near-impossible (the game heavily relies on both). You could always press a button to place the camera behind your back, but that was two-step, non-incremental, and wouldn't help turning up/down.

So I've cranked thumbstick sensitivity to the max - turning the camera whichever way was now easy; then committed 100% to the gyro for aiming. Honestly, I'm much more precise than I've ever been with the mouse. I can consistently land headshots (super important with incarnons), use bows / thrown / charged weapons, etc. My hit ratio is between 50-70% for most weapons.

I'd now be hesitant to aim with a mouse. Thumbstick - out. But that's just personal experience.
by ceh123 | 2025-11-13 15:28:26+00:00
This paper is a theoretical analysis showing that the ridge regularization that optimizes the source task almost never optimizes transfer performance. Interestingly, in high SNR regimes (low noise) the optimal regularization for pre-training is higher than the task specific optimal regularization, and in low SNR regimes (high noise) it’s better to regularize less than you would if you were just optimizing for that task.

Although the proofs are in the world of (L2-SP) ridge regression, experiments were run using an MLP on MNIST and CNN on CIFAR-10 and suggest the SNR-regularization relationship persists in non-linear networks.
by maherbeg | 2025-11-13 15:28:31+00:00
Yeah, this setup is both nice and insane. If you don't need much extra customization it's great. But I have a setup where I needed both postBuild and postRenderer's + actual kustomization layering and it was awful trying to figure out the order of execution to get the right final output.

In hindsight it would have been much faster to write the resources myself.
by jhonof | 2025-11-13 15:28:44+00:00
> There is a middle ground that is quite common across Europe: a private company that has the government as a shareholder.

Interestingly, Quebec in Canada has been loosely following this model recently and it's working great. Long video but interesting if you like infrastructure stuff:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XlHqqA0onn0&t=532s

TLDR: CDPQ invests on behalf of the Quebec Pension Plan, and has been building infra on behalf of the pension plan across Quebec (and Canada) to great success comparatively.
by Zenst | 2025-11-13 15:29:10+00:00
Alas no documentation I have on those NCR towers, or much could add (though very robust kit as never had any issue with them hardware wise and even in a warehouse/distribution hub and decommissioning one with over an inch diesel soot caked inside and thinking I need hazard pay). Alas lost a lot of my manuals in a move, along with old systems couple decades ago. All I have left are some IBM stuff, well duplicated across the net, IBM good with there online documentation. Just wished had the ICL and Honeywell mainframe manuals I had still.
by estearum | 2025-11-13 15:30:37+00:00
> If pharma companies trusted them so much why did they require different liability treatment?

In the US they used the same liability structure that has existed for emergency vaccine scale-up since the early 2000s.

> 5 per million vaccinations

This is an unbelievably rare side effect. The fact that you're raising this as evidence of risk is actually revealing basic innumeracy.

The rate of febrile seizures from the MMR vaccine is nearly identical to the rate of myocarditis in young men from the COVID vaccine (the most likely problem for the highest risk group).

In both cases, the problem is rare and almost always relatively minor.

The reason you know and care about one is because COVID mainstreamed the cottage industry that relays numbers like "5 per million" in such a way as to make them seem scary (lol).
by red-iron-pine | 2025-11-13 15:30:51+00:00
Nah.

The Chinese got into gmail (Google) essentially on a whim to get David Petraeus' emails to his mistress. Ended his career, basically.

I'd bet my hat that all 3 are definitely penetrated and have been off and on for a while -- they just don't disclose it.

source: in security at big orgs
by cogman10 | 2025-11-13 15:31:27+00:00
This is something I have a hard time squaring away.

A train will likely always need to be manned, there are, in fact, checks that have to be made by a person and can't be made by a computer.

However, it seems like the part of actually driving the train could be nearly completely automated. The train is on a rail, about the only thing a person is needed for when the train is in motion is to push a stop button if things go wrong. Things like speed and indeed even a decent amount of visual checks could be automated based on location.
by mr_luc | 2025-11-13 15:32:06+00:00
I'd be cautious for the same reason: thyroid cancers are also positively associated with obesity, and people who take GLP-1s are often obese.

Below a table, it says "adjusted for social deprivation index, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, and use of other antidiabetic drugs..." -- but nothing about obesity.

What if the GLP-1-prescribed patients tended to be more obese?
by crazygringo | 2025-11-13 15:32:44+00:00
I already said why. But to go deeper: the US has, and has always had, a strong libertarian and anti-government streak among a very large proportion of its citizens. And it's not going away. That's why the US doesn't have a national ID, the way so many other countries do. That's why adults are not required to carry ID's with them, the way it is in many other countries.

These political values are a strong part of American culture. The distrust of central government and authority has been around since the founding of the country. They belong to the most durable of American values.

If the US still doesn't have a national ID, or require citizens to carry ID's, and there's literally no political movement towards that, what on earth makes you think this will change?

Being able to put a driver's license on your phone is state-level. It's a form of ID we're OK with. It can't be mandatory because not everyone can drive. There's zero slippery slope here. I just want to carry the card I already have to carry when driving or flying, on my phone instead of physically. There's zero downside here.

Is that enough citation for you?
by noir_lord | 2025-11-13 15:32:44+00:00
iirc (it's been a while) they where on rackspace when Microsoft bought them out - there was an article a few months ago saying they where moving to Azure and freezing new features while they do the move[1].

[1] https://thenewstack.io/github-will-prioritize-migrating-to-a...

Honestly I don't know half the features they have added because the surface is huge at this point everyone seems to be using a (different) subset of them anyway.

So a feature freeze isn't likely to have much impact on me.

EDIT: went and checked - https://github.blog/news-insights/github-is-moving-to-racksp... not sure if they moved again before the MS acquisition though.
by hrimfaxi | 2025-11-13 15:33:09+00:00
> Actually this Chris guy has a point. I don't call it breach either. It's PII data exposure but it is a serious exposure.

At least California defines it as

> unencrypted personal information, as defined, was acquired, or reasonably believed to have been acquired, by an unauthorized person.

https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/databreach/reporting
by theultdev | 2025-11-13 15:33:20+00:00
Ideally we could get rid of everything for nuclear, but that's not today's reality. The truth is natural gas is needed to transition off of coal and has helped reduce emissions.

That being said, I would like to reduce those drilling rigs. However I don't see their existence justification for more damage by putting up windmills.

It's classic whataboutism. Both things can be harmful.

Below is an exercise to help point it out.

> Like our lands and oceans are not littered ... already

Without the "what about" subject, this statement looks bad doesn't it?

That reasoning is no different than the people who see trash on the ground and throw more because it's already trashed, so why not.
by qcnguy | 2025-11-13 15:33:21+00:00
Depends if these numbers are counting the free Azure credits that Microsoft invested in them.

There's a story here that's in some ways bigger than OpenAI or Anthropic's finances. Someone is leaking very sensitive and private financial information to Ed. They're clearly getting these numbers from somewhere and given the monthly breakdowns Ed posted previously for Anthropic, they are likely coming from a billing dashboard of some kind inside the big clouds. It's not very likely the leaks are coming from inside the AI labs themselves because of how cloud specific and incomplete they are.

For a big cloud to have a rogue insider like this is huge. It's really rare for big tech firms to leak private data and this report suggests MS or whoever has this problem hasn't been able to find the leaker, which is amazing. These numbers can't be that widely distributed surely? If companies like OpenAI aren't safe from leaks then nobody is.
by hamdingers | 2025-11-13 15:33:35+00:00
What you are saying just doesn't align with my experience. I've done no tinkering and definitely no patching and have been able to play several modern games (Cyberpunk, Spiderman 2, GoW: Ragnorok). I expect it's not the same for Nvidia based pcs or ones with exceptionally old or new AMD hardware, which is why I specified the hardware I'm using.

Telling me that the computer I've been gaming on for the last 7 months "isn't viable" for gaming based on CYA language on the downloads page is annoying and unconstructive.
by TheOtherHobbes | 2025-11-13 15:33:39+00:00
This is incorrect. The biggest accidents - Potters Bar, Hatfield, Southall - happened in the years immediately after privatisation, before passenger numbers had grown much.

The problem was more that - in typical privatised fashion - the industry was treated as a cash grab, and property speculation and other side quests got more management attention than running a safe railway.

That first incarnation was so bad it was quickly nuked, and replaced with the hybrid arrangement we have today, which has a much better safety record, but is still comically expensive and inefficient.

And franchises very clearly have improved, so that's incorrect too. Delays and cancellations are down across the network, and that's before the system is reintegrated.

https://www.theguardian.com/business/ng-interactive/2025/oct...

The biggest disaster of privatisation was the loss of more than a century of engineering and management culture and knowledge. The UK invented tilting train technology, and it was given away to foreign corporations instead of being licensed and exploited in the UK.

This is the pattern behind all UK privatisation. Foreign countries and shareholders benefited hugely, while prices of essential services exploded, and service quality degraded.
by jodrellblank | 2025-11-13 15:34:22+00:00
The point is to compare a) evaluate all three lines (member, >5, slow_computation) then fail because the >5 test failed; against b) evaluate (member, >5) then fail. And to ask whether that's the mechanism YeGoblynQueyne is referring to. If so, is it valid to describe b as "the polar opposite" of a? They don't feel like opposites, merely an implementation detail performance hack. We can imagine some completely different strategy such as "I know from some other Constraint Logic propagation that slow_computation has no solutions so I don't even need to go as far as the X>5 test" which is "clever" not "brute".

> "How do you expect Prolog to proceed to `slow_computation` when you have declared a statement (X > 5) that is always false before it"

I know it doesn't, but there's no reason why it can't. In a C-like language it's common to do short-circuit Boolean logic evaluation like:

A && B && C

and if the first AND fails, the second is not tested. But if the language/implementation doesn't have that short-circuit optimisation, both tests are run, the outcome doesn't change. The short-circuit eval isn't the opposite of the full eval. And yes this is nitpicking the term "polar opposite of" but that's the relevant bit about whether something is clever or brute - if you go into every door, that's brute. If you try every door and some are locked, that's still brute. If you see some doors have snow up to them and you skip the ones with no footprints, that's completely different.