MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by nyrikki | 2025-11-10 17:24:38+00:00
Even in the old days we were horizontal at the app layer, the persistence layer is what is hard.

Unless you have some very specific need, I was horizontally scaling the app layer in 1996 even in true monoliths.

K8s can be too much, but even when tooling and costs forced us to segment by technology layers, you never tried two node failovers.

If you are trying to share state at the app level you would most reduce availability, because of split brain etc…

The persistence layer was bad enough with shared quorum drives, heartbeat networks etc…

It sounds like you are just spinning up to app servers or are you talking about active/passive or active/active two node clusters?

That is vertically scaling in the way I understand the term, not just scaling out two instances.
by kevstev | 2025-11-10 17:24:47+00:00
I think the real win with microservices is that when you are air-gapped between services, it really forces modularity and independence. Almost all the time in monoliths things slowly degrade into tangled dependencies. Once clean interfaces that just required a few specific parameters got lazy at some point and now the entire customer or order (or whatever) object is passed in and oops now the two are coupled.

This is of course still possible with a microservices architecture, but the barrier to changing a rest contract/API is usually much higher, and people think a lot more about what is being passed across the interface since that data is going to be sent over a wire.

Theoretically there is no difference, but its just far easier to slip when its one codebase and all it takes is someone a little too "LGTM" happy to let it through.
by sudopsuedo | 2025-11-10 17:24:55+00:00
> Other companies, such as Google and Cloudflare, have the technical means to restrict the blockades to France, but not all providers can do so easily. That includes Quad9, which had no other choice than to apply the French blocking request worldwide.

Just quoting the article, can anyone weigh in on the costs/complexity of a public DNS resolver implementing geo-fencing?
by nradov | 2025-11-10 17:25:43+00:00
No, it's not nearly enough. The exact number of weapons onboard is largely irrelevant. At any given time only about one third of a nation's attack submarines can be out on active patrol while the others are in transit, undergoing maintenance, or working up. During a crisis they can maybe surge two thirds of the force for a few months but that isn't sustainable. Each submarine can only be in one place at a time and they're likely to take some losses against a competent adversary.
by justinator | 2025-11-10 17:25:44+00:00
I'm going to set aside the "you're a vegetable" use case, because that's wholly beyond of the pale of this discussion.

The "lack of energy after a stressful day" is a lifestyle issue, and not something that I would suggest taking a drug to overcome. I would suggest taking a walk. You need to take responsibility for your well being, no one else should care about it more than you.
by kstrauser | 2025-11-10 17:25:55+00:00
I feel like there are competent, competing visions talking past each other on the subject. There's kind of a spectrum:

1. Everything is a monolith. Frontend, backend, dataplane, processing, whatever: it's all one giant, tightly coupled vertically-scaled ball of mud. (This is insane.)

2. Everything is a monolith, but parts are horizontally scaled. Imagine a big Flask app where there are M frontend servers, and N backend async task queue processors, all running the same codebase but with different configurations for each kind of deployment. (This is perfectly reasonable.)

3. There are a small number of separate services. That frontend Flask server talks to a Go or Rust or Node or whatever backend, each appropriate to the task at hand. (This is perfectly reasonable.)

4. Everything is a separate service. There are N engineers and N+50% servers written in N languages, and a web page load hits 8 different internal servers that do 12 different things. The site currently handles 23 requests per day, but it's meant to vertically scale to Google size once it becomes popular. Also, everything is behind a single load balancer, but the principle engineer (who interned at Netflix) handwaves it away a "basically infinitely scalable". (This is insane.)

These conversations seem to devolve into fans of 1 and 4 arguing that the other is wrong. People in 2 and 3 make eye contact with each other, shrug, and get back to making money.
Show HN: Complex ζ(s) and Γ(s) in pure JavaScript (works for Re(s)<0)
by cpuXguy | 2025-11-10 17:26:02+00:00
The initial question was: what is the minimum needed to gain practical control over the zeta function across the full complex plane, for s ∈ ℂ (including Re(s) < 1 and Re(s) < 0)? This project is one possible answer. It provides two JavaScript functions, vanilla_zeta() and vanilla_gamma(), aimed at computing the complex zeta and gamma functions with a very simple JS implementation. You can try both functions directly in the browser via the linked calculator at: www.zeta-calculator.com
Show HN: Keep your personal notes private with MySecureNote
by mdimec4 | 2025-11-10 17:26:06+00:00
Keep your personal notes truly private with MySecureNote — a fast, lightweight, and fully offline encrypted notepad for Windows. All data is protected locally using ChaCha20-Poly1305 encryption, ensuring modern, high-performance security without cloud dependencies.

Project is Open Source: https://github.com/mdimec4/Notes If you want to you can compile it for yourself for free, but if you want to support me, you can buy it in Microsoft Store.

This is my first Windows GUI app, so any suggestions are welcome. Use issues or pull request's on GitHub.
by civilian | 2025-11-10 17:26:11+00:00
This is a cool idea! So I think, unfortunately, you are competing with automated tools like https://poly.cam/ My cousin-in-law produces music videos, and he'll take a polycam of sports cars (or even people!) and add them to his videos, it's powerful and instantaneous. No 2-3 day wait time.

It's great that you're working on this. If you want to continue on this, I'd consider: - Cleaning up the design of the website-- it looks kind of crappy. Get an AI agent to clean it up for you, it's better to look like "generic professional website" rather than "crappy amateur". - Use the more common words for creating 3d models. A "Visit" sounds like an experience, but what you're really making is a "scene", or a "spatial capture", or a "floor plan". - Maybe try to figure out a niche. Is your niche that people can edit this the 3d object afterwards? Or is the niche integration with video games? You gotta find something that doesn't directly compete with polycam.
by csense | 2025-11-10 17:26:12+00:00
I don't understand what the notation means.

For example when the author says:

P(Q ⊆ X | ∀ x ∈ Q (x = 1))

This is equivalent to P(Q ⊆ X | Q = {1}), which further simplifies to P(1∈X).

This seems to be a type error (isn't X supposed to be a set of binary variables?), and also an awfully cumbersome way to write P(1∈X).

Anyone have some idea what the article is trying to say?
by sebastiennight | 2025-11-10 17:26:43+00:00
I'm curious on your take on the necessity for political leaders to master the "exterminate" prong of the 4X?

The thing is, a game is a tool with a surface-level set of rules, and a ton of implicit belief systems of how the (game) world works.

You could say someone might become a shrewd negotiator by playing Monopoly, but that is based on a narrow set of winning negotiation strategies which either the game builders have consciously built their game around, or emerge due to their cultural/personal biases or even come up unexpectedly from the rules of the game.

So filtering your leader(s) this way requires agreement that the ideology promoted by the game(s) is what the people want to live under.
by giraffe_lady | 2025-11-10 17:26:49+00:00
I wouldn't assume that it's the same, no. For all we knock them unconscious biases seem to get a lot of work done, we do all know real things that we learned from other unreliable humans, somehow. Not a perfect process at all but one we are experienced at and have lifetimes of intuition for.

The fact that LLMs seem like people but aren't, specifically have a lot of the signals of a reliable source in some ways, I'm not sure how these processes will map. I'm skeptical of anyone who is confident about it in either way, in fact.
Show HN: Tracking AI Code with Git AI
by addcn | 2025-11-10 17:26:55+00:00
Git AI is a side project I created to track AI-generated code in our repos from development, through PRs, and into production. It does not just count lines, it keeps track of them as your code evolves, gets refactored and the git history gets rewritten.

Think 'git blame' but for AI code. There's a lot about how it works in the post, but wanted to share how it's been impacting me + my team:

- I find I review AI code very differently than human code. Being able to see the prompts my colleagues used, what the AI wrote, and where they stepped in to override has been extraordinarily helpful. This is still very manual today, but hope to build more UI around it soon.

- “Why is this here?” — more than once I’ve giving my coding agent access to the past prompts that generated code I’m looking at, which lets the Agent know what my colleague was thinking when they made the change. Engineers talk to AI all day now…their prompts are sort of like a log of thoughts :)

- I pay a lot of attention to the lines generated for every 1 accepted ratio. If it gets up over 4 or 5 it means I’m well outside the AI’s distribution or prompting poorly — either way, it’s a good cause for reflection and I’ve learned a lot about collaborating with LLMs.

This has been really fun to build, especially because some amazing contributors who were working on similar projects came together and directed their efforts towards Git AI shine. We hope you like it.
by zurfer | 2025-11-10 17:27:11+00:00
I heard the story once on how you migrate these old systems: 1 you get a super extensive test suite of input - output pairs

2 you do a "line by line" reimplementation in Java (well banks like it).

3 you run the test suite and track your progress

4 when you get to 100 percent, you send the same traffic to both systems and shadow run the new implementation. Depending on how that goes you either give up, go back to work implementation or finally switch to the new system

This obviously is super expensive and slow to minimize any sort of risks for systems that usually handle billions or trillions of dollars.
by pengaru | 2025-11-10 17:27:19+00:00
Are you speculating or do you have actual evidence of layoffs or other large cuts stemming from the acquisition? Link to old news articles perhaps?

I doubt the old guard was super pleased with the acquisition and many probably left voluntarily after seeing their dreams of profitable exit abruptly become acquihired by AMZN. But I don't actually know anything about what happened then. (I'm presently at eero, joined long after the acquisition... FWIW my experience isn't really consistent with your claims)
by CrackerNews | 2025-11-10 17:27:31+00:00
Identitarian politics can either be explicitly enforced or implicitly allowed. The woke chose the former. The opposition can do the latter but they also believe in checking identitarian interests in favor for personal freedom.

There are concerns over this escalating into fascism, but the logical extremification of ideas only muddles the waters and makes communication difficult. A pragmatic and balanced solution gets moved out of reach, and as a result, the corporate watchmen can push lighter opposition to the extreme fringes. Who then watches the watchmen?
by tracker1 | 2025-11-10 17:27:44+00:00
> > has an old bespoke Ant + Maven + Jenkins + Bash + Perl build and deploy system that has been built up over the last 30 years

> you can have the same problem on a micro service architecture, you can actually have that problem multiplied by 10 and now you can spend a whole sprint updating dependencies. Fun!

Definitely true... Not to mention when your entire orchestration becomes too big to run anything locally, that's where the real fun and complexity starts. There's definitely such a thing as too many micro-services, or too micro for that matter...
by bediger4000 | 2025-11-10 17:28:14+00:00
This should become a lot more common with the current excellent state of "AI", like all the one off, personalized utilities, and the flood of smartphone apps enabled by quick, easy, idea to implementation process.

That would be great for cyber security, too. It's undisputed that Linux doesn't suffer from the plague of malware Windows does due to its fractured installed software base. Per person custom OSes would be the most varied software multiculture possible.
by matt-p | 2025-11-10 17:28:22+00:00
It's a technical/commercial necessity to have exclusive use over the spectrum in a given area. If you don't believe me why doesn't every city in the world have a paid wifi network? With 5Ghz it should be faster than typical 4G/5G speeds, and it only needs lampost level APs, pretty similar to the microcells that carriers deploy but an order of magnitude cheaper. Instead mobile carriers would rather buy 3 or 6ghz spectrum that only ever gets used in cities anyway, why not wifi in the cities?

ISM is tragedy of the commons; make it free, let anyone do anything and it becomes junk. Carriers need something they have exclusive use of.
by dijit | 2025-11-10 17:28:52+00:00
what do you think people are doing with their computers that they cannot do with a tablet or Chromebook?

Like buddy, I’m not trying to argue with you here - clearly we live in different societies with different purchasing demographics. General computing devices for me and for you are completely different things than they would be for my mother or anyone else in the general population.

For the overwhelming majority of people, they may own a computer to file taxes to watch content and to play non-intensive little games (not the AAA spectacle the most gamers player).

They do not need a compiler, they usually do not need Microsoft Word, and they do not need to install random executables from the Internet.

What do you think they need to do that cannot be served by a tablet?
by hereme888 | 2025-11-10 17:29:13+00:00
Not offended. It is one of the most corrupt countries since socialism. It was thriving when I grew up there. But when you steal, oppress, and kill competent leaders because you resent them having more money than you, and give entire industries (steel, gold, petroleum) to the "workers" because they think collective thinking > a single phD who knows what he's doing, the industries rot and fail, like they did.
by immibis | 2025-11-10 17:29:13+00:00
But people don't drive randomly. They drive in predictable locations where the city, county and country have decided they should drive. Building all the homes over there, building all the offices over here, and having the whole population go from there to here at 8-9 in the morning and back at 5-6 in the evening was not an individual choice. The government (collectively, all parts of it) made those choices for us. And if you think it's an individual choice to commute at all - consider that you'd get arrested if you slept on the street outside of your office.
by nine_k | 2025-11-10 17:29:35+00:00
I watched 1000-node microservice systems start up. Most nodes start really fast, and most of the system is up in seconds, maybe 15-20 seconds, as the flurry of service registration passes. A few nodes would take inordinate time to start up, apparently because they are unlucky and repeatedly get less CPU, less I/O, more retries on congested links, etc.

But you don't need to do this on your dev machine. Nearly a decade ago at GrubHub we already had a setup that allowed to run a few microservices under development locally, while relegating the rest to the staging environment that just runs every microservice, like prod, but in small quantities.

A JVM-based microservice used to take, say, 16-20 MiB of RAM; a 50-MiB service was considered a behemoth that may need slimming down. You could run quite a number of 20-MiB containers on a laptop with 16 GiB, along with all your dev setup, some local databases, etc.
by crazygringo | 2025-11-10 17:29:49+00:00
People learn what to do with RSS the same as with anything else. They look it up or someone tells them. It's not like a .psd file tells you what it is, if you don't have Photoshop installed.

I don't think you need to worry about "alienating" non-RSS users. If somebody clicks on an RSS link without knowing what RSS is and sees gibberish, that's not really on you. They can just look it up. Or if you want, you can put a little question-mark icon next to the RSS link if you want to educate people. But mostly, for feeds and social media links, people just ignore the icons/acronyms they don't recognize.
by anp | 2025-11-10 17:29:57+00:00
I find a lot of these points persuasive (and I’m a big Rust fan so I haven’t spent much time with Zig myself because of the memory safety point), but I’m a little skeptical about the bug report analysis. I could buy the argument that Zig is more likely to lead to crashy code, but the numbers presented don’t account for the possibility that the relative proportions of bug “flavors” might shift as a project matures. I’d be more persuaded on the reliability point if it were comparing the “crash density” of bug reports at comparable points in those project’s lifetimes.

For example, it would be interesting to compare how many Rust bugs mentioned crashes back when there were only 13k bugs reported, and the same for the JS VM comparison. Don’t get me wrong, as a Rust zealot I have my biases and still expect a memory safe implementation to be less crashy, but I’d be much happier concluding that based on stronger data and analysis.
by efitz | 2025-11-10 17:30:11+00:00
Microservices embody a concepts that the article overlooks or downplays:

1. modularity - yes - but even better than what the article describes, there is little or no ability to cheat the modularity - the microservice has an api as a contract and is isolated in execution so there’s no trivial way to go around the api.

2. Independently committable/deployable. One reason to consider microservices is organizational- maybe you don’t want to or can’t share a repro with another team.

Now of course microservices have lots of downsides and are not a panacea and may be a bad fit for your project.
by caconym_ | 2025-11-10 17:30:13+00:00
The issue is with Apple specifically in the sense that they have been offering a superior E2EE cloud storage service that will soon be denied to UK residents (IIUC, E2EE isn't offered by their competition e.g. Google, Microsoft). But the article goes out of its way in its first section to note that Apple isn't in the wrong at all here:

> But I will say that the shutdown of ADP is Apple being on the right side of the geopolitical fight, as inconvenient as that may be to you and me.

It is, if you care about the issues the author evidently cares about, "time to start de-Appling". I am a satisfied ongoing customer of Apple and I didn't find this headline to be the least bit inflammatory. It is, at worst, minor clickbait—but it's not really bait at all, since the contents of the article match the headline.
by Sohcahtoa82 | 2025-11-10 17:30:28+00:00
> Your design goal should not be "create the smallest service you can to satisfy the 'micro' label".

A place I worked at years ago did what I effectively called "nano-services".

It was as if each API endpoint needed its own service. User registration, logging in, password reset, and user preference management were each their own microservice.

When I first saw the repo layout, I thought maybe they were just using a bunch of Lambdas that would sit behind an AWS API Gateway, but I quickly learned the horror as I investigated. To make it worse, they weren't using Kubernetes or any sort of containers for that matter. Each nanoservice was running on its own EC2 instance.

I swear the entire thing was designed by someone with AWS stock or something.
by freejazz | 2025-11-10 17:30:29+00:00
> that Tetris's look and feel and gameplay elements are copyrightable.

Those are expressions, not concepts.

>In particular, the idea that look and feel are not subject to copyright now belongs on the list of "false things programmers believe about copyright".

You brought them up, not me. I don't think you understand copyright law very much. I also don't value at all any assumptions programmers make about copyright law, as I'm proven here nearly every day, such beliefs are based in glaring errors.

> someone else's concept

Again, concepts are not copyrightable. Nothing you have posted indicates otherwise. When your expression looks exactly like another persons expression... that's what substantial similarity is. I find it very odd that you think looking like something isn't an expression but is actually just a concept instead. It's not.

>Tetris's copyright is ironclad. If you make a game that looks and plays like Tetris, you are infringing. Period. End of story.

Yeah, and?
by toss1 | 2025-11-10 17:30:40+00:00
Yes, it is very much projection.

It is also (and it surprises me that this ancient observation is so little cited), a highly visible example of

"Power corrupts. Absolute power corrupts absolutely".

Watching at these people accumulate and hoard hundreds of billions of wealth, in a capitalist society where wealth equals power, and become ever more corrupt as they do so, simply demonstrates the point yet again. And we must suffer the consequences as they choose to corrupt the govt so they can accumulate more power instead of doing works to benefit all.

Just for some perspective, I once calculated what it means to be rich. I called it at spending at a constant average of USD$2500/day. With 'only' $20million yielding 5%, you have $2700/day without even touching principle. There is no level of basic and even luxury needs that cannot be met with that kind of spending. OK, you want more, how about spending $25,000 per day, EVERY day for the rest of your life? That takes 'only' $200 million.

Those people have hundreds of times the amount of money that could ever make a difference in their standard of living.

The point is that once you reach past these levels, more money literally makes no material difference in your standard of living. Hoarding more money is only about one thing, power.

As a society, we need to be doing something different.
Show HN: Exploring the boundaries of AI-generated creativity
by heavenlxj | 2025-11-10 17:30:48+00:00
Hi HN

I’ve been experimenting with AI image and video models for a while, and one thing I kept running into was creative limits — many tools restrict what can be generated or explored.

So I built a new platform focused on unrestricted creative exploration. It allows users to experiment with AI-generated images, videos, and audio, with full freedom to test different models, styles, and concepts.

The goal isn’t to shock or provoke — it’s to give creators space to explore ideas that are often filtered out elsewhere, and to study how AI can represent human imagination in its raw, unfiltered form.

We’re starting with a few models and will expand to support more in the future. Still early days, but if you’re interested in the boundaries of AI media generation, I’d love your thoughts and feedback.