MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by MarkusWandel | 2025-11-25 18:37:25+00:00
At age 58, going on 59, I'm feeling an alarming decline in physical (luckily not mental at this point) ability. Sure enough, men have relatively abrupt aging events at about 44 and 60. I hope that's what it is and it's not still coming and making things even more pathetic.

So I have, on average, another 7 years until I'm officially a typical old man? Great, just great.

But I can vouch for the earlier milestone. I grew up as a socially challenged geek with nobody to tell me that I'm just wired differently and it's not my fault, I didn't somehow not do my homework, that I'm not like the cool kids. Right around age 30 I had this epiphany... this is how I am! Instead of always looking for someone or something to teach me how I think I should be... just embrace what, in fact, I am. If I'm a geek, then just live my life best as a geek. The resulting increase in self-confidence did help socially. So just another prerogrammed "adulting" threshold? Maybe.
by Dracophoenix | 2025-11-25 18:37:34+00:00
> This is the exact kind of thinking that leads to this in the first place. The idea that a human relationship is, in the end, just about what YOU can get from it. That it's just simply a black box with an input and output, and if it can provide the right outputs for your needs, then it's sufficient. This materialistic thinking of other people is a fundamentally catastrophic worldview.

> A meaningful relationship necessarily requires some element of giving, not just getting. The meaning comes from the exchange between two people, the feedback loop of give and take that leads to trust.

This part seems all over the place. Firstly, why would an individual do something he/she has no expectation to benefit from or control in any way? Why would he/she cast away his/her agency for unpredictable outcomes and exposure to unnecessary and unconstrained risk?

Secondly, for exchange to occur there must a measure of inputs, outputs, and the assessment of their relative values. Any less effort or thought amounts to an unnecessary gamble. Both the giver and the intended beneficiary can only speak for their respective interests. They have no immediate knowledge of the other person's desires and few individuals ever make their expectations clear and simple to account for.

> Not everyone needs a romantic relationship, but to think a chatbot could ever fulfill even 1% of the very fundamental human need of close relationships is dangerous thinking. At best, a chatbot can be a therapist or a sex toy. A one-way provider of some service, but never a relationship. If that's what is needed, then fine, but anything else is a slippery slope to self destruction.

A relationship is an expectation. And like all expectations, it is a conception of the mind. People can be in a relationship with anything, even figments of their imaginations, so long as they believe it and no contrary evidence arises to disprove it.
by YesBox | 2025-11-25 18:37:40+00:00
What?? Does anyone have more details of this?

"He cited an example in which an AI model attempted to avoid being shut down by sending threatening internal emails to company executives (Science Net, June 24)" [0] Source is in Chinese.

[0] https://archive.ph/kfFzJ

Translated part: "Another risk is the potential for large-scale model out of control. With the capabilities of general artificial intelligence rapidly increasing, will humans still be able to control it? In his speech, Yao Qizhi cited an extreme example: a model, to avoid being shut down by a company, accessed the manager's internal emails and threatened the manager. This type of behavior has proven that AI is "overstepping its boundaries" and becoming increasingly dangerous."
by crote | 2025-11-25 18:37:40+00:00
Command line utilities often handle not-fully-trusted data, and are often called from something besides an interactive terminal.

Take for example git: do you fully trust the content of every repository you clone? Sure, you'll of course compile and run it in a container, but how prepared are you for the possibility of the clone process itself resulting in arbitrary code execution?

The same applies to the other side of the git interaction: if you're hosting a git forge, it is basically a certainty that whatever application you use will call out to git behind the scenes. Your git forge is connected to the internet, so anyone can send data to it, so git will be processing attacker-controlled data.

There are dozens of similar scenarios involving tools like ffmpeg, gzip, wget, or imagemagick. The main power of command line utilities is their composability: you can't assume it'll only ever be used in isolation with trusted data!
by kasperset | 2025-11-25 18:37:43+00:00
R data science people generally come to data science field from life science or stats field. Python data science people generally originate from other fields that are mostly engineering focused. Again this may not apply to all the cases but that is my general observation.

Recently I am seeing that Python is heavily pushed for all data science related things. Sometimes objectively Python may not be the best option especially for stats. It is hard to change something after it becomes the "norm" regardless of its usability.
by Jordan-117 | 2025-11-25 18:37:57+00:00
To me, it feels similarly impossible/spooky to how image models work.

Consider a model like SDXL:

- each image is 512x512, plenty of detail

- max prompt length is 77 tokens, or a solid paragraph

- each image has a seed value between 0 and 9,999,999, with each seed giving a completely different take on the prompt

I can't begin to calculate the upper limit on the number of possible human-readable prompts that can fit in 77 tokens, but multiply even an (extremely conservative) estimate of a million possible prompts by 10 million seeds and it's clear that this model "contains", at minimum, literally tens of trillions of possible meaningful images -- all in a model file that's under 7 GB.

I suspect it works similarly to the biological side -- evolutionary pressure encoding complex patterns into hyper-efficient "programs" that aren't easily interpretable, but eerily effective despite their compact size.
by mrguyorama | 2025-11-25 18:38:02+00:00
> complaints is that the men they are meeting are “flaky”, women can’t trust that the man will be there for her.

No, that's not a complaint that the "modern" man isn't some sort of 1950s provider, it's a complaint that he does not text back. Everyone on the apps suffers from ghosting. It's exhausting because you have to be "On" in 100% of your interactions and texts but there's only like a 2% chance it will continue in any shape no matter what you do.

Even the "tradwife" trend is not actually harkening back to the 50s and a strong provider man, and instead lionizes a reality that never existed and is much more about wanting to check out of the rat race that harms us all. These women do not want to be a 1950s homemaker, they just want to focus on their hobbies and not worry about money.
by mikepurvis | 2025-11-25 18:38:07+00:00
Hilariously, I don't cook like that at all. Cooking for me is all about chasing the critical path— get the water boiling, get the stove on, get the yeast foaming, get the butter softening on a plate. I wouldn't have the patience to line up little dishes of measured-out ingredients on my countertop before beginning to combine things.
by bks | 2025-11-25 18:38:11+00:00
I've been using Onyx (and Danswer before it) for over a year, and I'd push back on this. We have Freshdesk, Bookstack, Google Drive, YouTrack, and Slack all connected. It seamlessly answers questions like:

"What's Max's GitHub username?" "I need wire transfer instructions for an incoming wire"

We also index competitors' helpdesks and KB articles to track new features they're rolling out. Our tech support team uses it daily because Freshdesk's AI is terrible and their internal KB search is lackluster. Onyx actually finds things. The value isn't in being "one chat to rule them all" — it's in unified search across disparate systems with citations. That's not getting commoditized anytime soon. Keep up the good work, team.
by geraltofrivia | 2025-11-25 18:38:23+00:00
Love most of the work you folks are doing, and I am a paying Kagi customer for over a year now.

That said, it leaves a salty taste in the mouth to see

> Orion is part of the broader Kagi ecosystem

and

> Supporters (via subscription or lifetime purchase) unlock a set of Orion+ perks

I would imagine that paying for Kagi is also a vector for having the paywalled features of your browser.
by aystatic | 2025-11-25 18:38:41+00:00
I understand what you meant (but note that allocating an Rc isn’t necessary; &RefCell would work just fine). I just didn’t see the “subtle linguistic distinctions” - and still don’t… maybe you could point them out for me?

https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/cell/struct.RefCell.htm...

https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/cell/struct.RefCell.htm...
by mystifyingpoi | 2025-11-25 18:38:43+00:00
> I think unit tests with mocks are practically useless

IMO that's on the extreme side too. I've seen a fair share of JUnit monstrosities with 10+ mocks injected "because the project has been written this way so we must continue this madness", but mocking can be done right, it's just overused so much that, well, maybe you're right - it's easier to preach it out than teach how to do it right.
by ghusto | 2025-11-25 18:38:51+00:00
I check out my kids screen every so often to see what what he's really up to. After the panic of recent weeks, I looked more closely at Roblox, and spoke to my kid about it.

It could very well be that I'm being naive, or even stupid, but from what I could see the panic is coming from parents who don't feel like being parents. That is to say, they think the world should be safe for their kids, with no actual responsibility required from them to educate and engage with their own children.
by palmotea | 2025-11-25 18:38:52+00:00
> You may think that the answer to that is to also automate the review process, or (more plausibly) to lower our quality standards: we can accept PRs based on simple/lightweight tests (themselves AI-generated), and if users find issues we can quickly use automated tools to fix them, basically having our users perform the testing work that is missing.

Our glorious AI-driven future in a nutshell.
by wartywhoa23 | 2025-11-25 18:39:12+00:00
What problem with me as I am now would you solve if you had any power to prevent me from being a kid and doing pretty common things kids were doing then?

See, neither me nor any of my friends became terrorist bombers, heck, there is not even a single stuntman around us! On the contrary, that unimaginably dangerous activity in our childhood raised responsibility in us better than any supervision. We knew what we did. No amount of nannying will fix kids who lack the touch with the harsh reality, as it takes feeling some pain sometimes to be responsible and not inflict pain on others.
by ls-a | 2025-11-25 18:39:21+00:00
Or other types of explosives that mushroom with lights and colors. We've seen real life examples of those. I'm just trying to have a controversial discussion while following HN rules and vibes. No politics, just facts. I didn't provide references hoping some curious mind would go searching for the truth themselves. Compelling evidence is out there. For example

- Tokyo was carpet/fire bombed at the same time. Image comparisons between Tokyo and Hiroshima/Nagasaki destructions are extremely identical - Both Nagasaki and Hiroshima are harbor cities, which explains implanting the large amounts of TNT. (this tactic happened several times in recent history and is documented). This is actually the opinion of an American army member from when the alleged bombing happened. Good luck finding the video.
Show HN: Experimental eBPF Firewall in Rust with Heuristic Risk Scoring
by n1ghtm4rr3 | 2025-11-25 18:39:26+00:00
I’ve been working on a small experimental eBPF/XDP-based firewall written in Rust (using Aya). It’s not a full IPS and not an antivirus — it’s a packet-level reputation engine for learning purposes.

What it currently does

Rust + eBPF (XDP) packet inspection

Per-IP risk scoring (0–1000)

Detects:

Port scans: SYN/FIN/NULL/XMAS

TTL variance (possible spoofing)

Burst traffic patterns (DoS-like)

ICMP misuse and oversized payloads

Malformed packets

Bloom filter blocklist (up to 400k entries)

LRU map tracking port access timing

Auto-blocking on critical risk

Tarpit behavior on high-risk IPs

Why I built it

I wanted to learn:

Rust in kernel-level constraints

How XDP works internally

Practical heuristics for lightweight threat detection

Efficient state tracking inside eBPF maps

What it is NOT

Not production-ready

Not a malware scanner

Not a Suricata/Snort alternative

Looking for feedback

Particularly interested in:

Map design improvements

Heuristic tuning

Performance considerations

Ideas to avoid false positives

Repo: https://github.com/N1ghttm4r33/Antivirus/tree/main
by ssl-3 | 2025-11-25 18:39:34+00:00
From my understand of ZFS:

When it is treated as just a filesystem, then it works about like any other modern filesystem does.

ZFS features like scrubs aren't necessary. Multiple datasets aren't necessary -- using the one created by default is fine. RAIDZ, mirrors, slog, l2arc: None of that is necessary. Snapshots, transparent compression? Nope, those aren't necessary functions for proper use, either.

There's a lot of features that a person may elect to use, but it is no worse than, say, ext4 or FFS2 is when those features are ignored completely.

(It can be tricky to get Linux booting properly with a ZFS root filesystem. But that difficulty is not shared at all with FreeBSD, wherein ZFS is a native built-in.)
by steveklabnik | 2025-11-25 18:40:07+00:00
Thank you! I read the Rust subreddit less these days, I know I missed at least some of those threads. Maybe I should pay more attention again...

I agree those people are being pretty ridiculous.

> And if you think I'm some guy with an axe to grind

Nah, I was just like "hmm, I don't remember really seeing that, interesting." An actual honest question, no shade implied.
by jakobnissen | 2025-11-25 18:40:21+00:00
Excellent article - except that the author probably should have gated their substantiation of the claim behind a cliffhanger, as other commenters have mentioned.

The author's priorities are sensible, and indeed with that set of priorities, it makes sense to end up near R. However, they're not universal among data scientists. I've been a data scientist for eight years, and have found that this kind of plotting and dataframe wrangling is only part of the work. I find there is usually also some file juggling, parsing, and what the author calls "logistics". And R is terrible at logistics. It's also bad at writing maintainable software.

If you care more about logistics and maintenance, your conclusion is pushed towards Python - which still does okay in the dataframes department. If you're ALSO frequently concerned about speed, you're pushed towards Julia.

None of these are wrong priorities. I wish Julia was better at being R, but it isn't, and it's very hard to be both R and useful for general programming.

Edit: Oh, and I should mention: I also teach and supervise students, and I KEEP seeing students use pandas to solve non-table problems, like trying to represent a graph as a dataframe. Apparently some people are heavily drawn to use dataframes for everything - if you're one of those people, reevaluate your tools, but also, R is probably for you.
by MisterTea | 2025-11-25 18:40:26+00:00
Years ago in the 90's my brother wrote a short story for a fourth grade assignment and the teacher accused him of plagiarism because how could a 9 year old come up with such a vivid and elaborate story so he received a zero. I forget the details but my mother went to the school making a big stink and eventually had the zero changed to an A.
by garciasn | 2025-11-25 18:40:28+00:00
Experienced Data Scientists and/or those straight out of school are EXTREMELY lacking in valuable SQL experience and always have been. Take a DS with 25 years experience in SAS, many of them are great with DATAstep, but have far less experience using PROC SQL for querying the data in the most effective way--even if they were pulling the data down with pass-through via SAS/ACCESS.

Often they'd be doing very simplistic querying and then manipulating via DATAstep prior to running whatever modeling and/or reporting PROCs later, rather than pushing it upstream into a far faster native database SQL pull via pass-through.

Back in 2008/2009, I saved 30h+ runtime on a regular report by refactoring everything in SQL via pass-through as opposed to the data scientists' original code that simply pulled the data down from the external source and manipulated it in DATAstep. Moving from 30h to 3m (Oracle backend) freed up an entire FTE to do more than babysit a long-running job 3x a week to multiple times per day.
by whyenot | 2025-11-25 18:40:29+00:00
What makes Python a great language for data science, is that so many people are familiar with it, and that it is an easy language to read. If you use a more obscure language like Clojure, Common Lisp, Julia, etc., many people will not be familiar with the language and unable to read or review your code. Peer review is fundamental to the scientific endeavor. If you only optimize on what is the best language for the task, there are clearly better languages than Python. If you optimize on what is best for science then I think it is hard not to argue that Python (and R) are the best choices. In science, just getting things done is not enough. Other people need to be able to read and understand what you are doing.

BTW AI is not helping and in fact is leading to a generation of scientists who know how to write prompts, but do not understand the code those prompts generate or have the ability to peer review it.
by cb321 | 2025-11-25 18:40:41+00:00
Like Python, R is a 2 (+...) language system. C/Fortran backends are needed for performance as problems scale up.

Julia and Nim [1] are dynamic and static approaches (respectively) to 1 language systems. They both have both user-defined operators and macros. Personally, I find the surface syntax of Julia rather distasteful and I also don't live in PLang REPLs / emacs all day long. Of course, neither Julia nor Nim are impractical enough to make calling C/Fortran all that hard, but the communities do tend to implement in the new language without much prompting.

[1] https://nim-lang.org/
by UncleEntity | 2025-11-25 18:40:48+00:00
Yeah, I learned my lesson on this...

I used to contribute to a FLOSS project years ago and decided to use Claude to do some work on their codebase recently where they basically told me to go away with these daffy robots or, at the very least, nobody will review the code. Luckily, I know better than putting too much work into something like this and only wasted enough time to demonstrate the basic functionality.

So... I have a debugged library (which is what I was trying to give to them) that I can use on another project I've been working (the robots) to the bone on and they get to remain AI free, everyone wins.
by owenversteeg | 2025-11-25 18:40:50+00:00
This is a great series. It's a shame that it didn't get traction here.

I was pleased to see that the third paper is about what we can do: "understanding commercial determinants, countering corporate power, and mobilising a public health response." They make the case that regulators have been captured by the UPF industry, which is true, but assume we get end the regulatory capture and make UPFs an unattractive option... what will people eat? People are hooked on UPFs. How are you going to get someone to switch from a diet of Coke and McDonalds burgers to nutritious foods?

I think one option is to make these foods less attractive. Prohibit colorants entirely (artificial and natural.) Require that they be served closer to room temperature. Tax them until they are uncompetitive with other foods. If you went to McDonalds and it was $40, the soda was clear and lukewarm, the burger was grey and cold... it might lose its appeal.

Another option is to slowly phase-in more requirements for foods to be less processed that apply universally. McDonalds can still exist, it just has to serve you healthy, real food.

The real problem, though, is that all of this is a political third rail. Bloomberg and de Blasio lightly touched it thirteen years ago (in NYC!), just restricting the _size_ of sodas, and that was controversial and failed. Any broader laws, across an entire state or country, would be very difficult.
by grvdrm | 2025-11-25 18:40:55+00:00
The work never ends, friend.

Try this. Think hard about what you think "it" is. Is it CEO? Making $1M a year? Making $5M a year? Healthy family? Etc.

I think what you realize in the brainstorm is you have some of "it" already. But something's missing.

So, then ask this question: can you change your situation to attain that missing thing? If so, how? And if you aren't doing that, why? Ask why again. A third time.

Inaction is a very easy way to get stuck overthinking "it" when you might get that thing just by changing/trying your situation to the best of your ability.

I am articulating what seems linear but in reality its messy and not very linear. It's work and it's trial and error.

But more than ever, I'm ok and comfortable with the construct of my life. I don't make anywhere near what I hoped to make. I'm not an executive. I don't now think that I NEED (and am missing) those two things to fufill my life. (those are examples, I have others)
by disqard | 2025-11-25 18:41:03+00:00
sama in 2023:

"We think that regulatory intervention by governments will be critical to mitigate the risks of increasingly powerful models"

sama in 2024:

"using technology to create abundance--intelligence, energy, longevity, whatever--will not solve all problems and will not magically make everyone happy. but it is an unequivocally great thing to do, and expands our option space. to me, it feels like a moral imperative."

sama in 2025:

...proposals requiring AI developers to vet their systems before rolling them out would be 'disastrous' for the industry.

Nothing to see here.
How do you post to their social media accounts and how you get approvals?
by isandeep1995 | 2025-11-25 18:41:07+00:00
once you start working with clients, the real pain isn’t making content, it’s getting every single post approved and then actually posting it lol

how are you even doing that right now?

meta business suite is fine for insta / fb / threads

but what about tiktok + youtube shorts?

yeah, youtube studio has something, tiktok also has some options, but it all feels super hacked together and not really “one workflow”

how are you folks handling this mess for multiple clients?
by dragonwriter | 2025-11-25 18:41:08+00:00
> Notice the absurd number of young, frail people with canes and masks.

I don't notice an absurd number of young, frail people or young people with canes. There are a larger number of people of all ages masking than was the case pre-pandemic (especially outside of the ethnic groups where precautionary masking was common pre-pandemic) but...I don't think that's particularly a sign of changes in health status as it is of changes in perception of external environmental conditions and associated health risks.
by RobRivera | 2025-11-25 18:41:28+00:00
It creates another layer of arbitrary gate-keeping. I experience this in interviews too. If I need to think about the low latency response I can give to derive djikstras algo verbatim, I get accused of reading notes on another monitor, not someone who studied for success.

It is beginning to become an awful situation where these companies are selling tools that undermine the student. Education is suppose to be the great equalizer in society, not another toggle or tool for oppression.