MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by 0x002A | 2025-10-21 13:14:19+00:00
https://www.theregister.com/2025/10/20/aws_outage_amazon_bra... quoting from this

"And so, a quiet suspicion starts to circulate: where have the senior AWS engineers who've been to this dance before gone? And the answer increasingly is that they've left the building — taking decades of hard-won institutional knowledge about how AWS's systems work at scale right along with them."

...

"AWS has given increasing levels of detail, as is their tradition, when outages strike, and as new information comes to light. Reading through it, one really gets the sense that it took them 75 minutes to go from "things are breaking" to "we've narrowed it down to a single service endpoint, but are still researching," which is something of a bitter pill to swallow. To be clear: I've seen zero signs that this stems from a lack of transparency, and every indication that they legitimately did not know what was breaking for a patently absurd length of time."

....

"This is a tipping point moment. Increasingly, it seems that the talent who understood the deep failure modes is gone. The new, leaner, presumably less expensive teams lack the institutional knowledge needed to, if not prevent these outages in the first place, significantly reduce the time to detection and recovery. "

...

"I want to be very clear on one last point. This isn't about the technology being old. It's about the people maintaining it being new. If I had to guess what happens next, the market will forgive AWS this time, but the pattern will continue."
by dorianniemiec | 2025-10-21 13:14:24+00:00
Heartbleed might be more than 10 years old, but it was a serious vulnerability indeed...

From https://www.heartbleed.com

> The Heartbleed bug allows anyone on the Internet to read the memory of the systems protected by the vulnerable versions of the OpenSSL software. This compromises the secret keys used to identify the service providers and to encrypt the traffic, the names and passwords of the users and the actual content. This allows attackers to eavesdrop on communications, steal data directly from the services and users and to impersonate services and users.

Also, the program being memory-safe doesn't mean it's bug-free, other bugs not related to memory safety exist (like path traversals are due to improper sanitation or checking of the input).
by eloisius | 2025-10-21 13:14:42+00:00
I’m also a CLI old timer, but there’s undeniable utility in having a Postman-like collection to test drive a mobile app API. You can save state from responses and use it in subsequent requests. E.g. log in, save the access token, create a post, save the id, post a comment under the post using the id. It’s all very useful, to say nothing of the fact that you can give said collection to non-technical stakeholders and they can solve a lot of their own problems without going to get one of the engineers to Do A Command Line(tm).

All that said, I wouldn’t touch Postman. Last time I needed something to fit this bill I looked around to find the open source equivalent and found Bruno.
by hi41 | 2025-10-21 13:14:58+00:00
I am new to curl. We use secure connection to Visa and Maactercard API. We have the certificate in a jks file.

Is there a way to send the json request that one sends in Postman but in curl while also using the jks file?

Similarly, we use SoapUI to send XML requests. Is there a way to send those XML requests using curl while also using the jks file?

Greatly appreciate your help.
by magicalhippo | 2025-10-21 13:15:07+00:00
> I remember working on ERP systems with 40+ column tables, most of which were null.

Those are rookie numbers. Add a zero to that number and we're talking.

And for us, a good portion of the data, a considerable fraction of those fields will have data, and which fields will vary between customers.

All except some key fields are NULL-able since the user can save and resume their work.

Just to display our main screen would require 100-150 joins using a separate table per optional.

I'm pretty sure the database would not love that.
by mythz | 2025-10-21 13:15:13+00:00
Danya's death hit hard. He was a kind soul that was always generous with his time who loved playing, teaching and commentating chess and was easily one of the nicest GMs in chess.

I was an avid watcher of his Stream while he was regular streamer and commentator (amongst the best in the world), unfortunately saw the effect of his once idol Kramnik's accusations had on him, having to constantly prove himself, even in is his last stream [1], playing beyond exhaustion to the point his friends had to get him to physically switch off his stream, but he didn't want to because he was worried that if he had good results off stream that people would raise questions.

Kramnik was an ex World Champion, became unhinged and started indiscriminately accusing many GMs who beat him in short time controls of cheating, absurd claims made from his bedroom watching streams playing detective, where he accused #2 GM Hikaru that he had access to an evaluation bar which his editors added on his games he reviews before publishing them to YouTube [2]. In addition to torturing Danya with accusations for a year he also drove GM David Navara to depression [3] who he is currently trying to sue for defamation.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbk-mvBmLUM

[2] https://www.reddit.com/r/chess/comments/1dtlvcb/kramnik_beli...

[3] https://www.chess.com/blog/FormerProdigy/because-we-care
by holletron | 2025-10-21 13:15:24+00:00
Because it's convenient. I use curl often, but admit to using Bruno even more often. And yes, I could have some organized scripts or something, but for playing with various APIs daily, sometimes importing whole .json collections, or even setting up credentials in one place and reusing them across all the requests from a collection - that's just fast, easy and convenient. Same for responses - yes, I could work with jq and analyze in the console, but often I don't really know what exactly I'm looking for, so it's just easier to have it visually parsed and click through items
by bravetraveler | 2025-10-21 13:15:33+00:00
Ditto, enjoy the catharsis. Good advice to not take it personally, I'll try to give a less aggressive point of view. All of this has come to mind [but not repeated out of kindness or laziness, whichever].

So, to start: someone wants me to install Postman/similar and pay real money to share and make a request? Absolutely not. I can read the spec from Swagger, or whatever, too... and write down what was useful [for others]. We all have cURL or some version of Python.

Surely a few phrases of text worth making plans to save, and paying for [at least twice, you to research and them to store], are worth putting into source control. It's free, even gifts dividends. How? Automation that works faster than a human pushing a button. Or creates more buttons!
by maxdo | 2025-10-21 13:16:17+00:00
Just to balance this article.

HW3 owner. Car drives really good on FSD as for 5 years old car , it’s not even close to anything that was on the market , I still receive updates .

Any short trip or long trip when I’m lazy I simply turn it on, and it works perfect 99% of the time. Both highway and local roads.

When I’m in the gym and it’s raining or snowing , I press the button and car actually comes to me. It used to be broken now they fixed it. It recently also start to park itself after fsd route is over. How awesome is that for a 5 years old car ??

Why should I be upset ? Do I want free hardware ? Sure . Is $7k I paid a fair price ? Yeah . go check modern offering from any other company . They charge you comparable price for way less functionality. In the world where bmw tries to charge you every month for heated seats , I think it’s a fair price.

Oh yeah , I live in New York , I use fsd almost daily for 5+ years . In this very busy setup 0 accidents . Which is rare even for an experienced human driver.
by DoctorOW | 2025-10-21 13:17:59+00:00
Foul language has never really bothered me, and I think it's effective in communicating a relatable (to me) frustration with people ignoring the answer staring them in the face.

> The tools you need are simple. They're fast. They're reliable. They've been battle-tested by millions of people for years. Just fucking use them.
by igneo676 | 2025-10-21 13:18:23+00:00
People just aren't used to how LLMs and their tools are developed

Depending on the time of the year you can expect fresh updates from any given company on how their new models and tools perform and they'll generally blow the competition out of the water.

The trick is to either realize that your current tools will just become magically better in a few months OR lean in and switch companies as their tools and models update.
by bobson381 | 2025-10-21 13:19:00+00:00
This is, IMO, a result of being in ecological overshoot. We've financed our growth as a species on the back of a limited supply of energy, and we're gonna go war-mode in order to win the musical chairs game that will happen as constraints on energy slow down upward economic progress. Global debt is an unfillable claim on future prosperity - We've kept kicking the can down the road until it's become feral and grown teeth. Stupid can is trying to bite our feet.
by andrewrn | 2025-10-21 13:20:18+00:00
I might get lit on fire for this, but I don't find manpages very easy to use. If want to quickly remember an option or argument order, I am met with a wall of text.

Does anyone have tips for how to make it more useful? Maybe I could grep better for options? For example in the link, the author lists out common curl commands like making a POST request or adding a header. If you tried to look through the manpage for this, this would take a long time.

There's another utility called tldr that does a better job of this by providing common usage examples that almost always instantly give me what I need, but its not nearly as comprehensive as man.
by catapart | 2025-10-21 13:20:18+00:00
Just fyi: the writing style is a meme. I think it's following the "just use html"[0] format (though, that may be its own riff on the meme).

Not to detract from you point; just to say that the author is probably not as angry as this could make them seem.

[0] https://justfuckingusehtml.com/
by ramses0 | 2025-10-21 13:20:19+00:00
I mean... as a lay-person, you've got point-lights and his isolation/diffusion layers in between. If you're 3d-printing your diffusion-thingy, then you've got tons of room to play games with the shape of the final glow. Even moving light via '265μm with 64 Fiber, Optical Grade Plastic Light Guide' if you're not hitting the corners well enough.
by swaits | 2025-10-21 13:21:10+00:00
I shared my experience. And in my experience anyone who gets the opportunity to work there should do it.

Is it fortunate? Working at a place that holds a high bar on hiring, pays extremely well, and provides extremes of learning and growth in tech? Yeah, that’s a pretty good spot to most rational people. Building systems for 20M request/second teaches you cool stuff. So yes, it’s fortunate.

Of course it’s not for everybody. I never said it was.

Nobody is going to take seriously a person that thinks working at Amazon is a pyramid scheme.

After you work at Amazon please report back your experience.
by footy | 2025-10-21 13:21:24+00:00
I don't know you or your life.

> anyone fortunate enough to work there

strikes me as an insane thing to say based on the people I do know who have worked there. Horrible work life balance, mobbing, being hired to be fired by a manager who wanted to keep their team but had to stack ranking. Every one of them has described the culture as a cult, and reading comments like this one makes me think even moreso that they're right.
by wraptile | 2025-10-21 13:21:40+00:00
Curl's UX is very dated and I wouldn't recommend it to any new user. Use many alternatives like httpie [1] or something like curlie [2] which is just an UX wrapper around the same libcurl. Httpie also has a postman-like web interface.

1 - https://httpie.io/

2 - https://rs.github.io/curlie/
by cheschire | 2025-10-21 13:21:59+00:00
I love how government acquisitions works. A company can fail to deliver the final product, then use the recompete process to win a higher paying contract by using the progress they already made on the previous contract to demonstrate a performance level above their competitors.

Whereas all the competition has to use their own R&D budget to show capability to meet the requirements of the second contract, the winner of the first contract used the government's R&D money to be competitive.
by aDyslecticCrow | 2025-10-21 13:21:59+00:00
> I'm just waiting for a Kessler syndrome event.

That will thankfully never happen. LEO is a range, and Star-link is near the bottom of that range. Their satellites have a 5 year lifetime, because that's when the fuel needed to re-adjust their orbit runs out, and atmospheric drag pulls them down. A Kessler syndrome event in that orbital plane would resolve itself within a decade at most.

> Pity that BYD is banned in this country

BYD makes unreliably good EV's for the price. From a consumer perceptive it's a big loss. But i understand why we restrict their import if we want to keep that industry around ourselves (In particular lithium battery production). There is some truth to china using it as a leverage. That being said... the approach Biden and especially Trump took to supposedly help the local industry is ... a bit crude.
by bluGill | 2025-10-21 13:22:06+00:00
Courts generally know that people don't read fine print, much less understand it. So if there is something courts see as a promise that people will see and understand they will tend to decide that when the fine print is in conflict with advertising they tend to assume that there is an intention to deceive and so they will punish you for it.

When reading the above, think: the opposition lawyers have incentive to present the case that way. Judges rarely stop them. Juries tend to accept the above presentation. Of course the other side has lawyers that will try to pick apart that argument. It is anyone's guess what the jury (and thus court) will decide.

There are many different legal systems in the world. The above is a US perspective. I cannot comment on other countries, just know that each is different. Even if Tesla wins in court in the US, they can still lose a lot of money in other countries that work different.
by LeifCarrotson | 2025-10-21 13:22:16+00:00
Check out Slate:

https://www.slate.auto/en

https://images.ctfassets.net/20dhmw20vttc/3FXvexNHHbtaijk1Ur...

Worried about infotainment and AI processors? It doesn't even have a radio. See those things on the door cards by your knees? They interface with an advanced window regulator and associated torque-sensing motion control system that uses evaporative liquid cooling to prevent failure due to overheating.

You could buy three for the price of a Tesla.
Show HN: Apicat – A Lightweight Offline Postman Alternative
by abacussh | 2025-10-21 13:22:29+00:00
Apicat is the ultimate offline Postman alternative that stores your .http files locally. It’s Git-friendly, open-source, and highly compatible with Postman. Test APIs offline with this powerful free offline API client designed for developers who need a reliable local API testing tool.
by kaoD | 2025-10-21 13:23:00+00:00
I think you misinterpret the text you're quoting (but it's hard to tell since you didn't include a link).

-X POST is not wrong, it's just superfluous when using other flags like -d where the method can be inferred.

POST requests are often sent with no data (anything that is not idempotent should, unless there's another verb that could fit better).
by andsoitis | 2025-10-21 13:23:04+00:00
> Animal brains such as our own have evolved to compress information about our world to aide in survival.

Key question is what are the "selection pressures" that drive the "evolution" of LLMs? In the case of robotics, there's a "survival of task completion" which usually has some physical goal, like assembling a part correctly or scoring a goal on a soccer field. One of the selection pressures driving LLM evolution is that the dual of always answering with something AND continuing the conversation (engagement). You can imagine how those two selection pressures yield outcomes that don't represent the world in a "real" sense.
by zamadatix | 2025-10-21 13:23:38+00:00
Curl is great for running individual API calls, API clients are great for when you're actually working on the API or architecting an app with one. Not that there are things one can't do with API development from the CLI, but there is a lot more to API clients than that feature list (it doesn't even include anything around stuff one might want to do with openapi definitions!) and by the time you string it all together you get why people like the tool that did that for them instead.
by trollbridge | 2025-10-21 13:23:52+00:00
I interviewed there and got an offer a number of years ago (in 2006 or 2007, for the then-nascent AWS team). In retrospect, it would have been a great career move.

I also was interviewing somewhere else and told the recruiter. His response was to be verbally abusive and say the other place "sounded boring", and then went off on how if I turned down an offer, Amazon would never talk to me again and I'd basically ruined my career. I decided I didn't want to work at a place with that sort of culture.

They reached out to me in 2013 for an interview and again in 2024.
by rorylaitila | 2025-10-21 13:24:53+00:00
When I started cataloging my vintage ad collection (https://adretro.com), I originally started with a defined set of entities (like brands, or product categories). I used OpenAI vision to extract out the categories the ad belongs to. However, I found that it would simply not be consistent in its classification. So I decided to let the model classify however it wants, and I map those results back to my desired ontology after the fact. My mapping is manually in my case. But I could see how I could use techniques to dynamically cluster.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-10-21 13:25:22+00:00
> I think it is ignorance.

> Affluent areas in general have more variety.

No, it's definitely a difference in cultural norms, not something driven by the store inventory.

> They will also have substitutes for an allergy to make the experience just as pleasant

This is not the case for dairy in an ice cream shop, or for wheat in a "whole wheat bakery".
by pogue | 2025-10-21 13:25:53+00:00
I asked Perplexity what people are speculating online might have been the cause of his death, and it mostly appears to revolve around mental health issues, substance abuse & self harm. Whether or not it's true, this is a tragic loss. Smart & talented people can often be very sensitive.

https://www.perplexity.ai/search/what-is-the-speculation-onl...

Having struggled with these same issues for most of my adult life I'll just say it's nothing to be ashamed of and if you or someone you care about is in pain or struggling, don't hesitate to reach out. There are resources out there for you and it doesn't make you weak for using them.

US: 988 Lifeline https://988lifeline.org/

US, Canada, UK & Ireland: Crisis Text Line https://www.crisistextline.org/

Worldwide list of resources: https://findahelpline.com/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suicide_crisis_lines
by rsynnott | 2025-10-21 13:26:11+00:00
As mentioned in the article (of course I realise we mustn't read those here) Blue Origin is supposed to be providing a lander in 2030 in any case (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemis_V), so doesn't seem like a _huge_ stretch.

Somewhat surprised they've waited this long, under the circumstances.
by amelius | 2025-10-21 13:26:32+00:00
> Many LLMs have voice interfaces, but they usually work by transcribing your speech, generating the answer in text, and using text-to-speech to read the response out loud. That’s perfectly fine in many cases (...), but it’s a wrapper, not real speech understanding.

But I can say the same about tokenization. LLMs first convert groups of characters to tokens, then use that to generate tokens, and then convert the tokens back to characters. That's not real understanding! If LLMs are so smart, we should be able to skip the tokenization step.
by Xenoamorphous | 2025-10-21 13:27:34+00:00
> Not sure how some developers could be so allergic to the terminal, don't you already spend a lot of time there?

Who says I'm allergic to the terminal? I already stated that I use curl.

I could also ask why are some developers so allergic to any kind of UI. And they're very vocal about it. Just use whatever you want.
by Fricken | 2025-10-21 13:27:43+00:00
Karpathy, the celebrity AI influencer with no relevant autonomous vehicle experience, was hired to make Elon's bad predictions look good. He was an active and willing component of the scam. I'm sure he was paid handsomely.

Autopilot's first director, Sterling Anderson, was fired because he was not willing to go along with the scam.
by shakna | 2025-10-21 13:27:43+00:00
This might just be a cultural thing.

Using swearing for emphasis is a non-event where I am. You'll find it equally in documentation as in conversation. There is no taboo around it. It isn't considered to be some "bad habit".

We're two decades removed from "Where the bloody hell are you?" [0] You won't find many people reacting to swearing over here as if it's unprofessional. It's just another emphatic.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/So_where_the_bloody_hell_are_y...
by cnyaojz | 2025-10-21 13:27:53+00:00
Modern ML is mostly run on other people's hardware (clouds, inference marketplaces, heterogeneous GPU fleets). Today, you can't verify what actually ran: which model, what inputs, or whether your result was silently downgraded (model swap, early exit, quantization, ad-embedding tweaks). The usual fix (recompute and compare) breaks because GPUs are nondeterministic: IEEE-754 is non-associative, kernels reorder reductions, and thread schedules/atomics vary. Bitwise replay at scale is brittle and costly.

We built a system that makes ML results verifiable without requiring determinism. Instead of demanding exact equality, we verify outputs up to principled, per-operator error bounds and resolve disagreements with an optimistic, Merkle-anchored dispute game.

What's inside (precise + concise):

Semantics: "Tolerance-aware correctness" for tensor programs and operator-specific acceptance regions induced by IEEE-754 rounding.

Two error models:

Theoretical IEEE-754 bounds (sound, per-operator, element-wise; conservative but cheap to verify).

Empirical percentile thresholds calibrated across GPUs (tight, model-specific).

Dispute protocol: If a result is challenged, we recursively partition the traced graph (Merkle proofs) until a single operator. At the leaf, we either (i) certify with the theoretical bound or (ii) run a small committee vote against the empirical threshold. Violations are slashed.

Runtime + coordinator: PyTorch-compatible runtime that traces graphs, computes bounds on the fly, records subgraph I/O, and emits/validates commitments; a lightweight coordination layer (we prototyped on Ethereum for authenticated logs/bonds, but the protocol doesn't depend on a blockchain). Overhead ~0.3% latency on Qwen3-8B; no extra memory beyond native subgraph execution.

Scope: Designed for the open-model setting (public weights/graphs enable subgraph extraction and thresholding). Closed-model APIs can still expose commitments to permissioned verifiers. No TEEs required; no deterministic kernels needed.

We’d love feedback on blind spots in the threat model, better partition policies for the dispute game, and where empirical thresholds might be gamed or leak information.