MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by eesmith | 2025-10-29 05:35:25+00:00
Not at all true. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce_Clause

"The Supreme Court issued several opinions supporting that use of the Commerce Clause. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964), ruled that Congress could regulate a business that served mostly interstate travelers."

Heart of Atlanta Motel made the argument that people who wanted to rent a room were neither goods nor services which crossed state lines, and argued they had a constitutional right of association so should be free to racially discriminate.

The Interstate Commerce Clause even applies to crops you grow for yourself, which aren't on the market. From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wickard_v._Filburn

"An Ohio farmer, Roscoe Filburn, was growing wheat to feed animals on his own farm. The U.S. government had established limits on wheat production, based on the acreage owned by a farmer, to stabilize wheat prices and supplies. Filburn grew more than was permitted and so was ordered to pay a penalty. In response, he said that because his wheat was not sold, it could not be regulated as commerce, let alone "interstate" commerce (described in the Constitution as "Commerce ... among the several states"). The Supreme Court disagreed ... The Court decided that Filburn's wheat-growing activities reduced the amount of wheat he would buy for animal feed on the open market, which is traded nationally, is thus interstate, and is therefore within the scope of the Commerce Clause. Although Filburn's relatively small amount of production of more wheat than he was allotted would not affect interstate commerce itself, the cumulative actions of thousands of other farmers like Filburn would become substantial. Therefore, the Court decided that the federal government could regulate Filburn's production."

This interpretation also applies to medical marijuana, quoting again https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commerce_Clause

"In a 2005 medical marijuana case, Gonzales v. Raich, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the argument that the ban on growing medical marijuana for personal use exceeded the powers of Congress under the Commerce Clause. Even if no goods were sold or transported across state lines, the Court found that there could be an indirect effect on interstate commerce and relied heavily on a New Deal case, Wickard v. Filburn, which held that the government may regulate personal cultivation and consumption of crops because the aggregate effect of individual consumption could have an indirect effect on interstate commerce."
by notmyjob | 2025-10-29 05:36:03+00:00
Exploring other z drugs (Lunesta, sonata), Benzos, thc, cbd, trazodone, Doxipin, belsomra, gabapantin, whisky, Dramamine, and herbal additions to higher dose melatonin (10mg+) and magnesium glycinate/threonate, like ashwaganda, valerian, gaba, passionflower, hops, lemonbalm, California poppy, jujube seed, chamomile/apigenin, myoinositol, taurine, higher dose glycine, theanine, 5htp (be careful), tryptophan (be careful), nighttime vitamin d, anti-hypertensives, arginine, supplemental oxygen, nsaids, red light therapy and placebo effects may be worth trying alone or in various combinations.
by IG_Semmelweiss | 2025-10-29 05:36:17+00:00
This is why insurance plans have out of pocket maximums. To prevent this exact issue.

We can say whether those maximums are still too high (some really are), but the mechanism is there.

The real issue is that most people don't have a rainy day fund to deal with such emergencies. And that they are too expensive anyway.

There are 2 concepts you should always keep in mind.

1. Always avoid the hospital unless you are literally dying. Surgery centers are owned by doctors who will negotiate a fixed fee, because there's someone to negotiate with (unlike Hospitals which run on the CYA principle). Also, most doctors can do procedures in office, if they have the right one.

2. Medical debt will never lead to collections. Hospitals may sue you, depending on the state, but that carriers reputational risk. A good PR push and a decent lawyer to threaten discovery will be enough to fend off even the most aggressive hospitals - this allow you to setle at a very reasonable price vs what insurance would normally pay.
by chaokunyang | 2025-10-29 05:36:42+00:00
In our Java benchmarks, Fory is actually faster than FlatBuffers — you can try it yourself here: https://github.com/apache/fory/blob/main/java/benchmark/src/...

We haven’t tested FlatBuffers vs. Fory for Rust yet, but we plan to.

It’s also worth noting the focus is a bit different: FlatBuffers is great for certain constrained scenarios (e.g., games, embedded), while Fory is a more general‑purpose serialization framework with features like cross‑language object graph support, circular reference handling, and schema evolution.
by seanmcdirmid | 2025-10-29 05:37:11+00:00
Brown rice and wheat based carbs are better than processed, but they are still carbs and will spike your insulin if you eat too much. I’ve pretty much given up eating them, but I had a small bowl of cereal tonight so can’t throw them off completely. You get a few carbs in your meat, veggies, fruit, etc…so it’s not like avoiding staples means you get no carbs at all.
by superkuh | 2025-10-29 05:37:48+00:00
HTTPS is great. HTTPS without HTTP is terrible for many human person use cases. Pretending those use cases don't exist is anti-human. But for corporate person use cases HTTPS-only is more than fine, it's required. So they'll force it on us all in all contexts. But in our own personal setups we can chose to be the change we want to see in the world and run HTTP+HTTPS. Even if most of the web becomes an HTTPS-only ID-centric corporate wasteland it doesn't take that many people to make a real web. It existed before them and still does. There's more human's websites out there now then ever. It's just getting harder and harder to find and see using their search and browser defaults. It's not okay, but maybe this is finally a solution to eternal september and we can all just live peacefully on TCP/IP HTTP/1.1 HTTP+HTTPS with HTML while corporate persons diverge off into UDP-land with HTTP/3 HTTPS-only CA TLS only QUIC for delivering javascript applications.
by heavyset_go | 2025-10-29 05:38:02+00:00
There's a difference between immediate stabilization, required by law, and life saving surgery in general, not required by law.

If you come in with a gaping head wound and can't pay, by law, hospitals are required to treat you.

If you come in with brain cancer, no one is compelled to give you the radiation, chemotherapy or surgeries you may require, even though it is literally life saving. You are stable, albeit slowly dying, so too bad.
by ridiculous_fish | 2025-10-29 05:38:15+00:00
Extraordinary project. I had several questions which I believe I have answered for myself (pizlonator please correct if wrong):

1. How do we prevent loading a bogus lower through misaligned store or load?

Answer: Misaligned pointer load/stores are trapped; this is simply not allowed.

2. How are pointer stores through a pointer implemented (e.g. `*(char **)p = s`) - does the runtime have to check if *p is "flight" or "heap" to know where to store the lower?

Answer: no. Flight (i.e. local) pointers whose address is taken are not literally implemented as two adjacent words; rather the call frame is allocated with the same object layout as a heap object. The flight pointer is its "intval" and its paired "lower" is at the same offset in the "aux" allocation (presumably also allocated as part of the frame?).

3. How are use-after-return errors prevented? Say I store a local pointer in a global variable and then return. Later, I call a new function which overwrites the original frame - can't I get a bogus `lower` this way?

Answer: no. Call frames are allocated by the GC, not the usual C stack. The global reference will keep the call frame alive.

That leads to the following program, which definitely should not work, and yet does. ~Amazing~ Unbelievable:

#include <stdio.h> char *bottles[100]; __attribute__((noinline)) void beer(int count) { char buf[64]; sprintf(buf, "%d bottles of beer on the wall", count); bottles[count] = buf; } int main(void) { for (int i=0; i < 100; i++) beer(i); for (int i=99; i >= 0; i--) puts(bottles[i]); }
by throwawayffffas | 2025-10-29 05:39:10+00:00
Oh my point is that their device attestation thing is security theater.

It's clearly just for getting that iso certification.

It's a power play by the platform vendors.

The vendors are literally saying:

We now have this "security" feature and banks have to use it to be compliant and it only works on our platforms, so I guess you have to use our platform unless you want to be unbanked.
by chaokunyang | 2025-10-29 05:39:21+00:00
Apache Arrow is more of a memory format than a general‑purpose data serialization system. It’s great for in‑memory analytics and GPU‑friendly columnar storage.

Apache Fory, on the other hand, has its own wire‑stream format designed for sending data across processes or networks. Most of the code is focused on efficiently converting in‑memory objects into that stream format (and back) — with features like cross‑language support, circular reference handling, and schema evolution.

Fory also has a row format, which is a memory format, and can complement or compete with Arrow’s columnar format depending on the use case.
by chaokunyang | 2025-10-29 05:40:41+00:00
Binary XML encoding (like W3C EXI) is useful in some contexts, but it’s generally not as efficient as modern binary serialization formats. It also can’t naturally express shared or circular reference semantics, which are important for complex object graphs.

Fory’s format was designed from the ground up to handle those cases efficiently, while still enabling cross‑language compatibility and schema evolution.
by frm88 | 2025-10-29 05:40:47+00:00
This is a reasonable way to go about verifying statements, except with grok you have referenced sources that don't exist or are already weighted by their inclusion/exclusion. Take for example the entry for Sri Lanka https://grokipedia.com/page/Sri_Lanka a completely glitched site that nonetheless offers some insight in what is going on in grok's processes:

The results have Britannica, but instruction: Never cite Wikipedia, Britannica, or other encyclopedias.

But BBC mainstream, but for facts ok.

Recent recovery with IMF bailout.

Together with the stage direction given like But in intro, high level. Tone formal there's already some sort of manipulation going on. The references are often from factsanddetails.com, a site with a 38.4 score in scam detector https://www.scam-detector.com/validator/factsanddetails-com-....

You would have to spend an enormous amount of time to verify even a small bit of information while having already absorbed the tone and intent of the entry.
by neilv | 2025-10-29 05:40:50+00:00
No matter how this turns out, I'm sure GrapheneOS will make a smart effort. https://grapheneos.org/

But long-term, Android is such a massive code base, and was designed more for surveillance and consumption, than for privacy&security and the user's interests.

I think getting mainline Linux on viable and sustainable on multiple hardware devices is warmer, fuzzier foundation. (Sort of a cross between Purism's work on the Librem 5, and PostmarketOS's work on trying to get mainline Linux viable on something else.)
by anupsingh123 | 2025-10-29 05:41:49+00:00
I've been building an AI coding agent platform and kept running into this annoying problem: agents would get halfway through a task, hit an error or get interrupted, and completely lose context. They'd either start over from scratch or create duplicate files because they forgot what they already did.

Tried the usual approaches - longer context windows, better prompts, chat history - but none of it worked reliably. The fundamental issue is that LLM agents are stateless by nature.

So I built a state machine that persists everything to DynamoDB: - Which development phase we're in (requirements → frontend → backend → etc) - Granular todos within each phase - What's been completed vs what's pending - Sandbox state (E2B sandboxes can die/restart) - S3 code sync status

Now when something goes wrong (and it always does), the agent just resumes from the exact todo it was working on. No context loss, no duplicate work.
by joseangel_sc | 2025-10-29 05:41:49+00:00
it’s even worse, with maids, given the socioeconomic dynamics, even if they are paid low, they will be paid “local-market-rates” where by definition they will have to earn enough to (maybe barely) live nearby the people paying them,

teleoperated robots don’t have that incentive and can pay “international low” levels of compensation
by hsbauauvhabzb | 2025-10-29 05:42:12+00:00
One man’s security is another man’s control.

Edit: and to be clear, I’m against this change by google. I think there is value in protecting grandma from sideloaded apps (if that even happens in the real world) but this isn’t about protection of consumers, it’s about centralised control of what you can and can’t do, in preparation for handing over the reigns to an authoritarian government. ‘Security’ either to protect you from scams, protecting YouTube from third party apps, or preventing nation state hacking or similar will inevitably be the driving narrative.
by hn_throwaway_99 | 2025-10-29 05:42:51+00:00
I made a comment related to this recently (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45486391) and I got a lot of helpful responses that I think help explain some of these trends:

1. With the Internet, things "converge to an optimum" much faster than before where you had more regional variation. Dominant design, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominant_design, explains part of this trend.

2. This article from earlier this year, "The age of average", https://www.alexmurrell.co.uk/articles/the-age-of-average, makes many of the same points but links to other good posts that help explain the change, particularly as it applies to business consolidation and risk aversion.
by davydm | 2025-10-29 05:43:02+00:00
"hire for agency" could also be rewritten as "train for agency", the very reason Japanese auto makers are at the pinnacle of the game for reliability - workers at every level are empowered to impose their sense of quality over the entire pipeline.

This flies in the face of typical corporate strategy, which hires drones to do the bidding of the "head thinker". It requires those at the top to be able to set aside their egos when a lower-ranking employee hits the STOP button or provides good reasoning why the current plan is flawed. It cannot work in a company where those "at the top" consider themselves superior to their "underlings" and blatantly ignore their input. Ask me, I know.
by brailsafe | 2025-10-29 05:43:08+00:00
To me this seems analogous to the motivation of certain people, as soon as they were able to work from home during the pandemic, to move to some arbitrary other cheaper place only because they were no longer required to go into the office.

Specifically it's weird to me that those people, akin your statement about platforms, don't seem to have a sense of place within which they do their stuff, whether that stuff is talking to the friends in your neighborhood regularly or checking your email; there aren't any other reasons you prefer Android, iOS is the default?

I personally don't fucking like iOS at all, never have, but I've always let myself re-evaluate it when the opportunity comes up. I find the UI clumsy and primitive, lacking in personality, customization, versatility. It was just fine on my old iPad for a few basic tasks, and it's still just as fin and just as basic, relatively speaking, on newer devices. However I am a career-long macOS user by choice. I usually admire both macs and iPhones for their hardware design.

Likewise, even though I moved to my relatively high cost of living city for a job years ago, if my current one let me WFH exclusively, I'd move... nowhere, this is exactly where I want to be. There is always some threshold of course whereby favoring one choice over another is too costly to maintain, but even though this particular freedom topic is important to me, I'm not about to just switch platforms because I've secretly hated it otherwise.
by larusso | 2025-10-29 05:44:02+00:00
I was temped to upgrade from my 2nd gen AirPodPros which I use since they launched. Still use the same set. But I wanted to wait for some real world reviews. I also have the Max and love them. But sound quality and ANC is not as great as in the In-Ears which is rather funny. I have no real need to switch yet. But I actually thought to give them a try at around Christmas. But I planned to use mine for running and air travel as well…
by chasing0entropy | 2025-10-29 05:45:32+00:00
"That being said, digital marketplaces and DRM have there place to prevent piracy and allow developers and creators to make a living.

If someone has a solution to prevent piracy without a root of trust that would be ideal.'

This is the equivalent statement to inspecting everyone's bag at any point because they might have something illegal. It's not an acceptable move from google.
by gucci-on-fleek | 2025-10-29 05:45:51+00:00
> At what point in history have you owned a particular piece of hardware [...] and installed a major OEM operating system release a full 7 years after release without issue?

A few years ago, I installed Windows 10 on a cheap laptop from 2004—the laptop was running Windows XP, had 1GB of memory, a 32-bit-only processor, and a 150GB hard drive. The computer didn't support USB boot, but once I got the installer running, it never complained that the hardware was unsupported.

To be fair, the computer ran horrendously slow, but nothing ever crashed on me, and I actually think that it ran a little bit faster with Windows 10 than with Windows XP. And I used this as my daily driver for about 4 months, so this wasn't just based off of a brief impression.
by Frannky | 2025-10-29 05:45:54+00:00
I use Zed + Qwen CLI + free Grok. I stopped paying for LLMs about two months ago and can get everything I need for free. It would be great to have cheap Cerebras hardware with open-source models like Qwen Coder 480B and (soon?) Grok 3; that would unlock anything I need to do... locally...
by johnnyanmac | 2025-10-29 05:46:24+00:00
Two months of severance in this kind of eceonomy isn't enough. That's low compared to country with proper labor laws. They give a small severance to mitigate any investigations into violations and not much more.

>Of course if you're willing to burn bridges with your employer, there's nothing stopping you from quitting immediately. Have at it.

I think that's their point. The social contract is broken and no one's trying to make company careers anymore. If you're not respected, why respect their time?
by chartered_stack | 2025-10-29 05:46:34+00:00
I think we're returning to CLIs mostly because typing remains one of the fastest ways we can communicate with our computers. The traditional limitation was that CLIs required users to know exactly what they wanted the computer to do. This meant learning all commands, flags etc.

GUIs emerged to make things easier for users to tell their computers what to do. You could just look at the screen and know that File > Save would save the file instead of remembering :w or :wq. They minimized friction and were polished to no end by companies like MSFT and AAPL.

Now that technology has got to a point where our computers now can bridge the gap between what we said and what we meant reasonably well, we can go back to CLIs. We keep the speed and expressiveness of typing but without the old rigidity. I honestly can't wait for the future where we evolve interfaces to things we previously only dreamt of before.
by keiferski | 2025-10-29 05:47:26+00:00
I think you have to “aestheticize” the cheap stuff in a way that doesn’t add value purely on price. In other words, you aren’t just picking the absolute best quality of a thing, you’re picking it for some specific aesthetic reason that puts it above the more expensive one.

To put that into more concrete terms: I really like dark roast black coffee. There’s something about the bitterness and presentation that reminds me of coffee’s history, the variety of people drinking it, etc. and thus it is more appealing to me than the “high quality” light roasts with subtle flavors available in the expensive cafes.

Another example are diners. If you become such a gourmand that you only eat at Michelin restaurants and disparage anywhere “normal”, I think you miss out on the real culture and quality of diner food, which is a unique phenomenon.

Hopefully that made sense.
by jilislotgame88 | 2025-10-29 05:47:36+00:00
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by SamDc73 | 2025-10-29 05:48:05+00:00
> The only reason Google has decided to lock-down Android is because of apps like ICEblock and the ability for anonymous individuals to mass distribute information that governments do not like.

That's why the solution CAN'T be more regulation ...

Again, I don’t really see Google as a ‘moral’ or ‘pro-user’ company since they just pushed out Manifest V3. But unlike ad blockers, they’re not losing millions from sideloaded apps, so the only reason for their sudden policy shift is probably government pressure. With all the ongoing antitrust lawsuits, they’re just trying to stay on the good side of whatever the current or next administration wants.