MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by jiggawatts | 2025-10-20 07:00:12+00:00
Some fair points, but:

> hobbyist and corporate software.

OpenSSL was maintained by like two guys in their spare time, and underpinned trillions of dollars worth of systems and secure transfers.

Would you categorise that as “hobbyist”?

The semantics matter, so I’m going to agree with you and clarify that my concern is with the risks associated with “effectively anonymous contributors allowed” software, where personal consequences for bad actors are near zero.

On the Venn diagram of software licenses and source accessibility, this “especially risky” category significantly overlaps FLOSS and has little overlap with most proprietary software products.

I personally had no bias or aversion to FLOSS software for either personal or professional use, but in all seriousness the XZ attack after the Heartbleed vulnerability made me reconsider my priors.
by koliber | 2025-10-20 07:02:57+00:00
That might be the case. However, we should not invent new things where old things suffice. Maybe it is as simple as importing digital content, and all that is different in this case is the medium. It's already illegal to import DVDs that contain illegal content into the UK. The person or company that is doing the importing is on the hook. Apply that logic to the the internet medium and we're all set.

As was mentioned in another thread, it is simpler to go after the companies abroad than to build out measures that would prevent such import. Those measures would probably take the form of some sort of firewalls. They would be noticeable to the British people, and the British people, being sensitive about their civil liberties, would not like that. It's easier for Ofcam to go after a couple bigger companies, impose no cost on the British public, and tramp national sovereignty into the ground a bit along the way.
by aleph_minus_one | 2025-10-20 07:03:55+00:00
The existence of scalpers rather shows that the producer set the price of the product (in this case GPU) too low [!] for the number of instances of the product that are produced.

Because the price is too low, more people want to buy a graphics card than the number of graphics cards that can be produced, so even people who would love to pay more can't get one.

Scalpers solve this mismatch by balancing the market: now people who really want to get a graphics card (with a given specification) and are willing to pay more can get one.

So, if you have a hate for scalpers, complain that the graphics card producer did not increase its prices. :-)
by mavamaarten | 2025-10-20 07:04:38+00:00
In my limited experience (my use case was a decompiled minified jar that I just wanted to peek around in), LLM's are absolutely fantastic at it.

As with any LLM output, of course it won't be 100% perfect, and you shouldn't treat the output as truthful "data". But I could absolutely use it to make sense of things that at first sight were gibberish, with the original next to it.
by ggm | 2025-10-20 07:06:13+00:00
The EU was funding fab lines, several levels back up the chain IIRC? The idea being that the chips doing car comms, engine management, cruder FPGA, old ARM cores, can be done fast, and stop supply chain weaknesses for things Europe needs chips in, like cars (and tanks, and UAVs and ...)

I'm not saying tiny lines aren't cool. I'm just saying the idea you can't be successful if you make cruder, older resolution chips is probably wrong: Your printer and your car don't care if the Dice is 10mm not 5mm, and the track lines are 5x wider. MILSPEC stuff probably runs cruder for other reasons. Resiliency? Verilog proofs?

I also have no idea how many dice you get off a single ingot these days. 300mm wide, but how long?
Tell HN: AWS us-east-1 services are down
by atymic | 2025-10-20 07:07:01+00:00
Status currently all green, but multiple apps across different regions are currently down. Serverless framework app is also down. https://cln.sh/XXycyZQ6RXhMMZ7wLqVm

Edit: Status page updated now "Operational issue - Multiple services (N. Virginia)"
by krackers | 2025-10-20 07:07:14+00:00
But naively wouldn't you expect the representation of a piece of text in terms of vision tokens to be roughly the same number of bits (or more) than the representation as textual token? You're changing representation sure, but that by itself doesn't give you any compute advantages unless there is some sparsity/compressability you can take advantage of in the domain you transform to right?

So I guess my question is where is the juice being squeezed from, why does the vision token representation end up being more efficient than text tokens.
by mixedbit | 2025-10-20 07:07:31+00:00
For containers you will also have own TCP/IP stack similarly to what is shown for VM on the diagram, this is done when a container uses slirp4netns to provide networking. An alternative is to use kernel TCP/IP stack, this is done when pasta is used for networking, diagram on this page shows the details:https://passt.top/passt/about/.
by innocentoldguy | 2025-10-20 07:08:14+00:00
In my opinion, Elixir and Phoenix will give you a better experience with BEAM and OTP, excellent tooling, a more mature ecosystem, and one of the best web frameworks ever to exist. I think Gleam is cool, but I can't see trading these benefits in for static typing.

To be fair, I can't think of anything I care less about than static typing, so please keep that in mind when entertaining my opinion.
by sthlmb | 2025-10-20 07:08:38+00:00
I'm discussing some other bits with Banana Pi so maybe I can ask about that, I'd need to look into the device to see how viable it is, let's see! I can definitely add the "How did you get this board" disclaimer there somewhere

I don't know if I'd release everything as is, there's a lot of hard coded nonsense that I'd need to filter out and after testing 80 boards, I have a bunch of improvements I want to make. Opening up the test scripts to others isn't/wasn't a high priority item, as I didn't even plan on making this site initially :D

Room temperature data is also nice, but I'll need to draw a line somewhere, on average these tests take around 3-4 hours to run, and with 80 boards right now, best case scenario is 10 straight days of testing (in reality, more with setup and.. life). I could use data on the most popular boards and only do a handful, but I probably have to limit the scope at this point and clearly state the testing conditions and how it may differ in your real world setup.

I can definitely do more to expand on the testing process though, and I can look at sharing the exact commands that are run with my automation so that users can at least mimic the benchmark runs if not the full automation. I really appreciate the responses and feedback, though, so thank you!
by jeffreygoesto | 2025-10-20 07:10:39+00:00
We found it annoying to change formatting and linting rules asynchronously with the repo, you get a changes from the commit hook for files you did a semantic or feature change. Needs discipline (or automatuon again?) to apply those non-functional changes across the repo to cleanly separate them from the other commits and not get a mix of linting rules depending on when a file was touched.
by quotemstr | 2025-10-20 07:12:13+00:00
The vibe I get from q/kdb in general is that its concision has passed the point of increasing clarity through brevity and is now about some kind of weird hazing or machismo thing. I've never seen even numpy's verbosity be an actual impediment to understanding an algorithm, so we're left speculation about social and psychological explanations for why someone would write (2#x)#1,x#0 and think it beautiful.

Some brief notations make sense. Consider, say, einsum: "ij->ji" elegantly expresses a whole operation in a way that exposes the underlying symmetry of the domain. I don't think q's line noise style (or APL for that matter) is similarly exposing any deeper structure.
by silisili | 2025-10-20 07:12:23+00:00
I think wording is important here. California doesn't give anything to the federal government. So, I'll try my best to correct it.

Because of high salaries and population, the people of the state of California pay more in federal income taxes than the state receives as federal subsidies.

Perhaps same end result, but the framing is important. California isn't some saint who donates money to the govt.
by AndrewDucker | 2025-10-20 07:12:45+00:00
The main thing I've used them for is to prevent me committing to 'main', as we do everything via Merge Requests.

But it requires me to remember to set that up for each repo, and this is a massive pain. I'd like to be able to have a "clone with hooks" option, but I don't think anyone has found a way of making that work well without leaving people in danger when they clone a random repo.
by looobay | 2025-10-20 07:13:27+00:00
Vision tokens are a good compression medium because with one vision token you have one vector of N elements, but with textual tokens you have M vectors of N elements, because one vision token represent multiple pixels (and possibly multiple words). This is why its a good compression medium for compute.

It will never be as precise as textual tokens but it can be really good as they show in the paper.
by harshreality | 2025-10-20 07:13:34+00:00
Seriously, watch at least half of Louis Rossman's video in the GGGP post. It's worth the 2 minutes at 2x speed it'll take (4mins at 1x speed). You won't get the spirit of the thing quite the same if you don't hear him explain it.

It's a signal of disgust and rebellion against modern evil that companies do — they abuse attention, data-mine, etc. The clippy mascot represents something that, in contrast, may have been dumb and annoying, but was not actively evil. "Clippy just wanted to help."
by MaxikCZ | 2025-10-20 07:13:35+00:00
Its a double edge sword. Yes, back then 2 year old computer was old, but at the same time every 2 years a new generation of games came out that were like never seen before. Each generation was a massive step-up.

Today, a layman couldnt chronologically sort CoD games from past 10 years from looks/play/feel, new Fifa and similar is _the_ same game but with new teams added to it, and virtually every game made is a "copycat with their own twist" with almost 0 technical invention.
by dzaima | 2025-10-20 07:14:03+00:00
Unless the interpreter is capable of pattern-recognizing that whole pattern, that will be less efficient, e.g. having to work with 16-bit integers for x in the range 128..32767, whereas the direct version can construct the array directly (i.e. one byte or bit per element depending on whether kdb has bit booleans). Can't provide timings for kdb for licensing reasons, but here's Dyalog APL and CBQN doing the same thing, showing the fast version at 3.7x and 10.5x faster respectively: https://dzaima.github.io/paste/#0U1bmUlaOVncM8FGP5VIAg0e9cxV...
by innocentoldguy | 2025-10-20 07:15:48+00:00
The issue isn't that OTP isn't a priority for Gleam, but rather that it doesn't work with the static typing Gleam is implementing. This is why they've had to reimplement their own OTP functionality in gleam_otp. Even then, gleam_otp has some limitations, like being unable to support all of OTP's messages, named processes, etc. gleam_otp is also considered experimental at this point.
by NewJazz | 2025-10-20 07:17:35+00:00
This comment stands out to me:

Users on Twitter/Facebook/TikTok can post whatever garbage they want, no matter how terrible, but Reddit is trying to crack down on any subs that make fun of the right politically, as Reddit is basically the only major social media that lefties have left and the right-wingers (including Reddit's executives) can't stand that lefties have anywhere to go online in any numbers.
by JRCharney | 2025-10-20 07:18:51+00:00
(Real quickly, because I was over by 400 characters)

What thing that I ever write publicly online that makes me such a pariah to ALL employers? Is there some background history I don't know about? Some doctored photos of me? Did this Palintir "dox everybody to find the anti-Christ" thing Peter Thiel been working on get started without us? What rules did I break that make me unable to find ANY job? Or is this the peak of Job Enshittification?
by gethly | 2025-10-20 07:19:17+00:00
Europa: The Last Battle (2017) https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7528992

I made it only three episodes in because it's too content-dense. But quite an eye opener. I knew Churchill was a massive POC but I had no clue he sold out England like that. Any way, worth a watch. It is freely available on VoD streaming platforms.

Every since I stopped watching TV, years ago, I have not seen much documentaries as you have to specifically go and look for one instead of it just randomly showing on Discovery or similar TV channel.
by INTPenis | 2025-10-20 07:19:31+00:00
That's excellent. The info a bit buried, and the lack of it front and center probably scares away a lot of clients.

Proxmox needs to better their reputation right now if they're going to be counted as a contender, and burying the fact that you can have 24/7 SLA is not a good way of improving that reputation of being mostly for the homebrew crowd.
by indentit | 2025-10-20 07:20:07+00:00
The solution could be a pre-push hook. I am also not a fan of pre-commit hooks because I just want to commit my wip changes. Not stash. Commit.

It's fine if the auto formatting tool hasn't been run. If the pre-commit hook changes my files silently, that is a big no-no for me.

I have had tools break things before and it makes it very hard to work out what happened.

Having it fail to push means I get to choose how to fix up my commits - whether I want a new one for formatting changes etc or to go back and edit a commit for a cleaner public history.
by norbertm | 2025-10-20 07:20:10+00:00
Hi everyone,

I’ve done full-stack development for 7 years so far and decided to try it out solo now as well.

I’ve been building dbDialog - a tool that lets you query your database in plain English, no SQL skills needed. You ask a question, dbDialog generates and executes the SQL, and returns the results instantly.

The goal is to make working with data simpler for founders, product teams, and analysts, without dashboards or manual queries slowing things down. It’s built on a privacy-first principle, so no AI can access your database and nothing is stored or processed externally beyond what’s needed for the query itself. Additionally I’ve added several masking layers to not expose any data for the LLMs.

Getting started is straightforward: • Sign up for a free trial (no credit card required) • Connect your database • Start asking questions like “What were sales last quarter?” and see results immediately

I’d love feedback from the HN community, whether you’re testing it out for fun or actually using it in your workflow. You can try it here: https://dbdialog.io

If anything’s unclear, buggy, or could be better, I’d really appreciate your thoughts in the comments, via in-app feedback channel, or via email: support@dbdialog.io.

Thanks for checking it out!
by FirmwareBurner | 2025-10-20 07:20:12+00:00
>The EU was funding fab lines, several levels back up the chain IIRC?

Yeah but much larger(16-12nm) and much less profitable nodes than what Taiwan, the US or even Japan and China have now.

> I'm just saying the idea you can't be successful if you make cruder, older resolution chips is probably wrong

Define success. Smallest nodes are bringing in the most profits and every country prefers more profits versus less profits, especially Europe given it's budget deficits and welfare spending.

Larger nodes that aren't very profitable are good for national security but Russia and even North Korea are proof you don't need much domestic semiconductor industry to completely terrorize neighboring countries and level entire cities. WW1-style artillery shells and rifle rounds will do just fine.
by jeffreygoesto | 2025-10-20 07:21:11+00:00
With "safety certification for AI-based systems" they are mixing up the 26262 functional safety and 21448 safety of the intended functionality. 26262 is closer to verification (the system does what it is told to), 21448 to validation (what you told it actually solves the problem).

For certified Rust the article mentions Ferrocene, they achieved their certification a while ago [0]. If you have the chance to work with them, Florian Gilcher is a highly knowledgeable guy and a super nice person.

[0] https://ferrous-systems.com/blog/officially-qualified-ferroc...
by madarcho | 2025-10-20 07:21:23+00:00
The task sounds similar to descriptions in the API space. People figured LLMs would be awesome at annotating API specs with descriptions that are so often missing. Truth is, everyone is realising it’s a bit the opposite: the LLMs are “holding it wrong”, making a best guess at what the interfaces do without slightly deeper analysis. So instead, you want humans writing good descriptions specifically so the LLM can make good choices as to how to piece things together.

It’s possible you could set it off on the labelling task, but anecdotally in my experience it will fail when you need to look a couple levels deep into the code to see how functions play with each other. And again, imo, the big risk is getting a label that _looks_ right, but is actually pretty misleadingly wrong.
by mock-possum | 2025-10-20 07:21:32+00:00
I think it can also be the other way around - self love leads to willingness to introspect and to be self-aware - because you love yourself, so of course you care enough to pay attention. If you think you’re worthless or broken, why bother waste time digging into yourself to find out who you are and why you do the things you do, what you really want? What benefit could there be - as a matter of fact, couldn’t there only be the risk of pain?
by rak1507 | 2025-10-20 07:21:53+00:00
There's a difference between one line and short/terse/elegant.

{m:(x,x)#til x*x; r:til[x]-x div 2; 2(flip r rotate')/m}

generates magic squares of odd size, and the method is much clearer. This isn't even golfed as the variables have been left.
by vidarh | 2025-10-20 07:22:59+00:00
Someone mentioning childhood tech and the creator showing up is peak HN, in the best possible way. I love little threads like this... I never used a Forth as a child, but I recall reading about it and marvelling over it at a time when getting hold of huge amounts of pirated games was easy, but finding anywhere to even buy more serious tools could be challenge... I think it was probably 20+ years before I actually ended up trying a Forth.
by willybraun | 2025-10-20 07:23:51+00:00
AI startups face “reset risk”: each model breakthrough can instantly obsolete existing players. Standard SaaS metrics (CAC/LTV, retention) don’t capture this. The piece proposes a 4-layer framework to assess real defensibility: 1. Tech foundation – real performance delta, improvement velocity, and data edge. 2. Product depth – how deeply it solves the user’s job, embeds in workflow, and operates autonomously. 3. Market positioning – timing of capability thresholds, vertical vs horizontal strategy, and market structure. 4. Sustainability tests – what happens if GPT-N drops tomorrow, how costly it is to switch, and whether new users still come.
by Timwi | 2025-10-20 07:24:15+00:00
We have moved from IRC “to the various chats”? ... IRC is a chat. What makes IRC special or different in your view apart from being old?

I know that in the old days IRC chats were sometimes “made public” in the sense that a bot would scrape the entire chat and put it on the web. If that's what you're after, there's no technical reason I can think of you can't also do that with Discord except that it's not as trivial to implement because it's not just text and not just a single linear chatroom.

The discussion here is about archivability and searchability and I'm really not sure an IRC log fits that bill any more than a hypothetical Discord log.
by DarkNova6 | 2025-10-20 07:30:01+00:00
> Locality is the design principle of grouping related things together. It’s a mental shortcut or heuristic that allows the mind to assume a higher degree of independence from the code block being read, easing the mental burden. Spreading code across your codebase diminishes locality.

> Linearity is the idea of having instructions be read one after the other, from top to bottom, just like how code is executed. Having to jump back and forth from function call to function call reduces linearity.

1000 times yes.
by quotemstr | 2025-10-20 07:30:07+00:00
Representative example:

//!malloc f(a,y(x+2,WS+=x;c*s=malloc(y);*s++=0;*s++=x;s)) //!< (a)llocate x bytes of memory for a vector of length x plus two extra bytes for preamble, set refcount to 0 //!< and vector length to x in the preamble, and return pointer to the 0'th element of a new vector \see a.h type system f(_a,WS-=nx;free(sx-2);0) //!< release memory allocated for vector x. G(m,(u)memcpy((c*)x,(c*)y,f)) //!< (m)ove: x and y are pointers to source and destination, f is number of bytes to be copied from x to y. //!< \note memcpy(3) assumes that x/y don't overlap in ram, which in k/simple they can't, but \see memmove(3) //!memory management f(r_,ax?x:(++rx,x)) //!< increment refcount: if x is an atom, return x. if x is a vector, increment its refcount and return x. f(_r,ax?x //!< decrement refcount: if x is an atom, return x. :rx?(--rx,x) //!< if x is a vector and its refcount is greater than 0, decrement it and return x. :_a(x)) //!< if refcount is 0, release memory occupied by x and return 0.

Reminds me a bit of both the IOCCC and 70s Unix C from before anyone knew how to write C in a comprehensible way. But the above is ostensibly production code and the file was last updated six months ago.

Is there some kind of brain surgery you have to undergo when you accept the q license that damages the part of the brain that perceives beauty?
by Etheryte | 2025-10-20 07:31:27+00:00
I'm not really sure if that's an accurate summary of the state of the art, [0] is a better overview. In short, SOTA multi-modal LLMs are the best option for handwriting, nearly anything is good at printed text, for printed media, specialty models from hyperscalers are slightly better than multi-modal LLMs.

[0] https://research.aimultiple.com/ocr-accuracy/
by sph | 2025-10-20 07:32:45+00:00
I feel any naive question about investing ever can be answered with "markets can remain irrational longer than you can remain solvent"

The bubble is the manifestation of this concept. Things should be falling apart, yet they keep going up, for longer than it is reasonable; at some point, bearish investors lose so much money they decide it's better just to ride the wave up, growing the bubble even further, until it bursts and everybody loses.

There is a reason investors flock to gold during these times. The best move is not to play (though you don't want to hold too much cash either)
by setopt | 2025-10-20 07:33:54+00:00
I can highly recommend KKP. It works very well in Kitty, and it even lets you map super keybindings, swap modifier keys, etc. I also used it on MacOS to get a low-latency frame on big hiDPI screens where the Cocoa GUI becomes quite unusable.

It also works fine in many other terminals like iTerm2 and Ghostty. Last I tried, they don’t report Super though.
by Krasnol | 2025-10-20 07:33:57+00:00
Just adding to the other commenters pointing out the unstable genius:

What do you think would have been the reaction of the angry TACO-lord if NVIDIA had announced that they're investing in the EU and not the US?

We know by now how weak his self-esteem is. He'd probably send some ICE agents in there and stopped all government contracts or something stupid like that.

At this point, decisions in this mafia country are not following (economical) logic anymore. It's utter, unstable madness.