MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by marcosdumay | 2025-10-28 17:06:16+00:00
There are different interpretations about what "being liberal" means.

For example, some JSON parsers extend the language to accept comments and trailing commas. That is not a change that creates vulnerability.

Other parsers extend the language by accepting duplicated keys and disambiguate them with some random rule. That is is a vulnerability factory.

Being flexible by creating a well defined superlanguage is completely different from doing it with an ill-defined one that depends on heuristics and implementation details to be evaluated.
by echelon | 2025-10-28 17:06:23+00:00
This isn't the gotcha everyone in the media thinks it is.

Nvidia is using its revenues to quickly invest in bets that are simultaneously customers.

If anything, it's a triple win.

- taking advantage of cash it needs to deploy

- making new investments in areas NVidia wants to shape

- making new customers that continue to buy Nvidia GPUs, especially if they're successful

Some of these ventures may fail, but it's better than distributing dividends or issuing stock buybacks if you believe this technology will be useful in the future.

Companies doing this purely off of equity, stock valuation, and product/services agreements are even smarter as they're using pure hype to fund strategy.
by rasz | 2025-10-28 17:06:40+00:00
Ram was relatively cheap between 1985 and 1987 hovering around $100-150 using 256Kbit chips. Then 1987 anti dumping laws lined up with fabs upgrading to lower yielding new 1Mbit chips and things got crazy. In 1988 256K chips went from $3.5 to $7 in less than a month. Some companies coped better than others - Atari was the first to offer computer shipping with 1MB below $1000. Tramiels little secret was smuggling ram from Japan and skirting anti dumping restrictions :)

https://forums.atariage.com/topic/207245-secret-atari-dram-r... https://web.archive.org/web/20180817061246/https://www.atari... TLDR up to $6Mil a month of smuggled ram from Japan by Atari to make money on a side :)

https://web.archive.org/web/20171220171525/https://www.atari...

"Source [an informant to the FBI who is apparently an Atari employee] remembers the first DRAM shipment arriving in 1988 was sold to Sun Micro Systems in Milpitas, CA. Source was told to deliver this shipment by [redacted]. [redacted] told Source to leave all [redacted] including his [redacted] and to take [redacted] which had an Atari logo on them. When Source delivered the Integrated Circuits, [redacted] cashier's check from Sun Microsystems to deliver to Atari, and the payee's name was left blank."
by itissid | 2025-10-28 17:06:48+00:00
What's crazier is that for 80k you can get a jet to fly you anywhere in the world and for far lesser than that get world class treatment. What's even more bonkers is that the private and govt insurance companies, and hospitals have negotiated those rates and there is a market to fly people to other countries that is just sitting there and no one is really exploiting it.
by davisr | 2025-10-28 17:07:31+00:00
How do you believe their reporting differs from reality? They're writing about rising authoritarianism and those who submit to it, which is a fact of the world happening today. They use the term "toady" in its literal definition. FAIR has anti-bias and counter-spin, aka "a bias towards reality."

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/toady (noun) : one who flatters in the hope of gaining favors : sycophant
by hackinthebochs | 2025-10-28 17:07:42+00:00
Why should LLM failures trump successes when determining if it thinks/understands? Yes, they have a lot of inhuman failure modes. But so what, they aren't human. Their training regimes are very dissimilar to ours and so we should expect alien failure modes owing to this. This doesn't strike me as good reason to think they don't understand anything in the face of examples that presumably demonstrate understanding.
by Fwirt | 2025-10-28 17:07:50+00:00
I feel like I'm in-between sizes or something. The medium Apple eartips are more comfortable but tend to sit farther out of my ear canal and feel like they're working their way out. The small eartips stay in more securely, but sit uncomfortably far into my ear canal and lose seal when talking or putting my head in certain positions. I eventually settled on the mediums and have become accustomed to the feeling of them "falling out" even when they're not.

But yes, odd to hear that other people also have issues with the left ear fit, because they must be identical shapes. I wonder if human physiology averages to the left ear being smaller or something. Although I feel like the right ear falls out more easily if I switch to the small tips...
by lostdog | 2025-10-28 17:08:06+00:00
I take 10k IU of vitamin D if I feel a cold coming on. I used to get extremely bad colds very frequently, and every time I get frustrated and read whatever research might be helpful. A year ago I came across some info about LL-37, and found that vitamin D might help, and that's when I started taking it. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9134243/

The big dose of D seems to help. I'm certain I'm deficient, since I already take 2-4k daily, which noticeably helpsy winter blues. It's the first time I can "arrest" a cold, and even if I get sick the symptoms aren't nearly as bad.

My full protocol for if I start feeling a cold is this:

1. 10k vitamin D 2. Stay extremely warm when I sleep. Uncomfortably warm. 3. Butyrate (probably a placebo) 4. Curcumin (almost certainly a placebo).
by WorldMaker | 2025-10-28 17:08:34+00:00
The tokenizer is already a form of (somewhat lossy) compression of a string of plaintext to a stream of token identifiers. You can reason about Tokenizers/"embedding spaces" as a sort of massive "Dictionary Table/Dictionary Function" like you might use in a zip/gzip stream.

Starting with already compressed data doesn't necessarily mean fewer tokens, you can probably assume similar entropy (or probably worse entropy) in expanding "Dictionary words" in a compressed stream versus "tokens" from a plaintext stream.
by pessimizer | 2025-10-28 17:08:44+00:00
> Washington Post becoming a shadow of itself

The Post was always terrible, always extremely conservative, and always blatantly mixed editorial in with its news reporting (unlike most other outlets in the past.) A bunch of anti-Trump people decided it was movement liberal because it didn't like Trump (like every other Republican and Republican outlet until people started voting them out over it.)

WaPo was the most right-wing non-tabloid major paper in the country other than the WSJ before Bezos, the only thing that changed afterwards was that the headlines became more linkbait (5 minutes earlier than every other paper) and their coverage of Bezos properties became lighter.

The idea that the WaPo was ever anything but rabidly capitalist is nonsense.
by morleytj | 2025-10-28 17:08:44+00:00
It's incredibly costly, and I think it's also incredibly costly in difficult to measure ways. The main method that the average American (read as: not incredibly wealthy person who has lawyers retained) uses to deal with the early stages of this pipeline is engaging in interminably long phone calls, going back and forth between multiple stakeholders, and trying to negotiate as to what actually needs to be paid or done individually. The incentives are aligned for various members of this process to make it a complicated and frustrating experience for customers, because they often benefit from increasing friction for the insured party. I think if you measured working hours lost or impacted by this it would be startlingly high.
by falcor84 | 2025-10-28 17:08:57+00:00
>The idea is that any software published under this license would be forbidden to be used by AI.

If I'm reading this and the license text correctly, it assumes the AI as a principal in itself, but to the best of my knowledge, AI is not considered by any regulation as a principal, and rather only as a tool controlled by a human principal.

Is it trying to prepare for a future in which AIs are legal persons?

EDIT: Looking at it some more, I can't but feel that it's really racist. Obviously if it were phrased with an ethnic group instead of AI, it would be deemed illegally discriminating. And I'm thinking that if and when AI (or cyborgs?) are considered legal persons, we'd likely have some anti-discrimination regulation for them, which would make this license illegal.
by Cleonis | 2025-10-28 17:09:11+00:00
About the article with mathematical treatment: http://cleonis.nl/physics/phys256/energy_position_equation.p...

One section of that will be replaced in a day or two: the last part of section 2. I completed a new diagram, that diagram will allow me to cut a lot of text. I believe the change will be a significant improvement.
by greg_V | 2025-10-28 17:09:25+00:00
Tbh, a lot of EU protectionism vs. US tech seems not to keep the competition out. In fact, with the amount of free press US startups get and the size of their coffers, they can simply roll over the local competition in EU markets most of the time.

What it's terribly good at is adding burdens that the US giants don't face early on, slowing down the early growth between 28 fragmented markets. I don't know specifically about how China works, but the question is proving product-market fit, and for that, you need a lot of users fast.

In the EU, it's a different battle country to country as the media environment, the markets, the regulation etc. are all fractured.
by ncgl | 2025-10-28 17:09:31+00:00
During dt's first term I believed this as well and eagerly awaited the Mueller investigation.

Then when he won reelection I concluded I was consuming media in an echo chamber.

This fear you're commenting on goes way farther back than dt.

Ballroom, mueller investigation, Benghazi, guantanemo, tan suit, parkland, Alex Jones, mission accomplished, 911. These all got airtime. Some longer than others.

You're commenting on the nature of media to fill silence with noise, and the expectation we place on the reader to triage the news.
by InsideOutSanta | 2025-10-28 17:09:42+00:00
Yeah, this is a crucial point. This is studying "adults with suboptimal baseline." If you have a vitamin deficiency and get sick, I would expect supplementation with that vitamin to provide some relief, regardless of which vitamin it is.

This does not mean that the same will happen for people who did not have a deficiency.

Having said that, there is good evidence that Vitamin D deficiency is widespread, and supplementation of Vitamin D is relatively safe unless you take excessive amounts.
by IAmBroom | 2025-10-28 17:09:53+00:00
And more experts per topic.

I'll never forget EB's entry on "baby". It started with a lengthy paragraph that made a human baby sound like a horrifying, antisocial, psychotic parasite.

Yes, you feel obligated to reply with a joke about how accurate that is. Not the point.

The point is: the author was clearly a man, who didn't raise his own children, and it was unvetted by others.
by patja | 2025-10-28 17:10:16+00:00
We are self-employed in the US and buy our own high deductible plan on our state's marketplace. One of my family members needed a fairly routine planned surgery, so I went through the effort to try to determine in advance how much I would be billed. What a waste of time. My favorite was the hospital who told me the fee for a one night stay would be 73k. But, good news! Your insurance has a contracted discount that brings it down to 13k. So what does the 73k price even mean? At this point I shelved the effort as I correctly concluded we would hit our household max out of pocket for the year, so anything above that would not affect us.

And hey! Silver lining: in a year when we max the out of pocket limit, no more cost-sharing on any other services for that calendar year! Time to pack in some care we have been deferring mostly due to cost. Except the care providers and insurance company are well aware of this, so they don't bill you for up to a year from the date of service, so you can't be sure you "hit your max" until the subsequent year.

It is enough to induce strong negative emotions.
by em3rgent0rdr | 2025-10-28 17:10:25+00:00
Sounds like you are stating https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barkhausen_stability_criterion (1921):

"if A is the gain of the amplifying element in the circuit and β(jω) is the transfer function of the feedback path, so βA is the loop gain around the feedback loop of the circuit, the circuit will sustain steady-state oscillations only at frequencies for which:

1: The loop gain is equal to unity in absolute magnitude, that is, |βA|=1, and 2: the phase shift around the loop is zero or an integer multiple of 2π: ∠βA=2πn,n∈{0,1,2,…}"
by tpmoney | 2025-10-28 17:10:32+00:00
The whole license effectively limits using the software to hardware and software that existed prior to 2015, and only if you downloaded it from the original site in the original language (after all, an automated translation of the page or manual into your own language would almost certainly be using AI in the chain given that was one of the initial uses of LLMs). And if you downloaded it from some other site, you can't guarantee that site didn't use an AI model at some point in its creation or ongoing maintenance.

It also assumes it can make some bright line distinction between "AI" code completion and "non-AI" code completion utilities. If your code completion algorithm uses the context of your current file and/or project to order the suggestions for completion, is that AI? Or does "AI" only mean "LLM based AI" (I notice a distinct lack of terms definitions in the license). If it only means "LLM" based, if some new model for modern AI is developed, is that OK since it's no longer an LLM? Can I use the output to train a "Diffusion" model? Probably not, but what makes a diffusion model more forbidden than feeding it into a procedural image generator? If I used the output of a HOPL licensed software to feed input into a climate simulation is that allowed even if the simulator is nothing more than a series of statistical weights and value based on observations coded into an automatic system that produces output with no human direction or supervision? If I am allowed, what is the line between a simulation model and an AI model? When do we cross over?

I am constantly amazed at the bizzaro land I find myself in these days. Information wanted to be free, right up until it was the information that the "freedom fighter" was using to monetize their lifestyle I suppose. At least the GPL philosophy makes sense, "information wants to be free so if I give you my information you have to give me yours".

The new "AI" world that we find ourselves in is the best opportunity we've had in a very long time to really have some public debate over copyright specifically, IP law in general and how it helps or hinders the advancement of humanity. But so much of the discussion is about trying to preserve the ancient system that until AI burst on to the scene, most people at least agreed needed some re-working. Forget "are we the baddies?", this is a "are we the RIAA?" moment for the computer geeks.
by bluGill | 2025-10-28 17:10:44+00:00
> makes any lawsuit harder. It’s 100% upside to company.

That is why they do it. However you still should accept the offer unless you are going to sue them which most are not. Just find a new job and move on. Try to do better.

> No one is going to know you got fired, if they call the company, it’s just dates and title, probably say in good standing.

The good standing is not something you want to risk. They have the ability to say not in good standing and might even have the obligation to say that to some people (depending on local laws, but if it wasn't in good standing it is at least unethical to say it was). By resigning first everyone agrees that it was in good standing and you all move on (even though you are clearly cutting the line).

Again, this assumes that like most people you won't be suing. Likely you know you screwed up (though perhaps you don't agree it is bad enough to be fired). For most it just isn't worth trying to fight it out. If you are an exception than by all means refuse - but be prepared for the consequences.
by tim333 | 2025-10-28 17:11:02+00:00
>... Musk announced xAI was building a new AI-generated online encyclopedia, to be called Grokipedia, in the midst of his criticisms of Wikipedia's ideological biases. The project was suggested and named by White House AI and crypto czar David O. Sacks at the All-In podcast conference earlier that month. According to Musk's announcement, it would be an AI-powered knowledge base designed to rival Wikipedia by addressing its perceived biases, errors, and ideological slants.

(source Wikipedia)
by lotsofpulp | 2025-10-28 17:11:16+00:00
Having to settle because court cases take too long to resolve is due to inefficient government.

Not only does the actual court case and appeals process take years, but even after you “win”, the collection process takes years after it has already been determined who owes what.

See Alex Jones for a ridiculous example. He should have been homeless and shirtless a long time ago.
by awillen | 2025-10-28 17:11:28+00:00
Often with these kinds of things it's not even as much about being specifically accurate as it is about presenting yourself in a way that makes the other party believe that have sufficient understanding of the issue at hand and the escalation paths available that you won't just go away if they don't play ball. That is, make yourself credibly as a Dangerous Professional, in patio11 parlance.

I just did this with a pet insurance bill, and ChatGPT was very helpful. They denied based on the pre-existing condition exclusion even where it was obviously not valid (my dog chipped her tooth severely enough to need a root canal, and they denied because years before when she wasn't covered under the policy, she had chipped the same tooth in a minor, completely cosmetic way).

I was sure they were in the wrong and would've written a demand letter even in the pre-AI days, but ChatGPT helped me articulate it in a way that made me sound vastly more competent than the average consumer threatening a lawsuit. It helped make my language as legally formal as possible, and it gave me specific statutes around what comprises a pre-existing condition in CA as well as case law that placed very high standards on insurers seeking to decline coverage by invoking an exclusion (yes I checked, and they were real cases that said what it thought they said).

Gave them fourteen days to reverse the denial before I filed in small claims court, and on day fourteen got a letter informing me that the claim would be paid in full. It's of basically no cost to them to deny even remotely borderline cases, so you have to make them believe that you will use the court system or whatever other escalation paths there are to impose costs, and LLMs are great for that.
Ask HN: What's still missing in live observability for ML training?
by traceopt-ai | 2025-10-28 17:11:36+00:00
Training ML models often feels like flying blind, runs fail with OOMs, GPUs idle, or data loaders stall, and by the time you notice, you’ve already burned hours of compute.

I’ve been exploring this by building TraceML, a lightweight profiler that shows live memory and timing during training, and it made me wonder: what do people actually need from live observability tools?

What kind of real-time signals would truly help you debug or optimize training jobs?

Possible ideas: – Multi-GPU utilization / imbalance – Layer-wise memory or timing – GPU idle gaps or data bottlenecks – Gradient spikes / instability – Throughput (tokens or batches per sec) – Energy or cost tracking

What would you find genuinely useful that current profilers don’t provide?
by davydm | 2025-10-28 17:11:48+00:00
I'm no apartheid apologist, but I have lived here (ZA) all my life.

Whilst I haven't read the entire article, the first paragraph is actually on-point: apartheid was shit in a lot of respects, but the schools, especially in rural areas, have dramatically declined since 1994, as have most government-run companies (with the exceptions like Eskom being bailed out every year).

You don't have to like the facts, but that's what they are.
by hagbard_c | 2025-10-28 17:12:00+00:00
Oh yes it would be possible. It would probably be less biased as well. Don't forget that these models are trained on libraries of congress worth of books as well as things like Wikipedia. Given that Wikipedia - like any encyclopedia - does not (or should not, at least) contain original research but only refers to existing sources and given that the companies which train these models have their ways to access those sources - sometimes illegally but still - all Wikipedia adds to the mix is a biased interpretation of the original research.
by ericmay | 2025-10-28 17:12:01+00:00
Sure, but you know that number and how it's treated is bullshit. Want to know why?

In Ohio in 2024 there were around 1,200 fatalities due to car crashes.

The Ohio Department of Transportation's budget is around $11 billion.

Multiple 1,200 by $13,700,000.00 and let me know what number you get. That's just Ohio.

None of these departments operate in any way other than to build and expand highways. If they actually had to be accountable for the number of deaths, they'd do the opposite. They would be tearing down highways and implementing safer and more cost effective alternatives.
by mbac32768 | 2025-10-28 17:12:31+00:00
I don't mean to imply that it's easy to change or that whatever someone might be dealing with is not unbearable agony, just that it's not a first principle truth that has more value than other framings.

In the pits of depression that first framing can seem like the absolute truth and it's only when it subsides do people see it as a distortion of their thoughts.
by laborcontract | 2025-10-28 17:12:37+00:00
The horrible thumping is purely a fit issue. The solution to the thumping when running is to either size down the tips or to slightly dislodge the tips from your ear.

It’s not ideal, I’ll grant you that.

While we may have some overlap in issues, I would say that the Airpods Pro 3 are incredible. I’ve ditched my Airpods Max entirely. The noise cancellation works too well, the sleep detection is a godsend, and the battery life is so good. I use my airpods to sleep. before, i’d always wake up to dead airpods. now, they have like 70% batteries when i wake up, because the sleep detection kicks in.
by montjoy | 2025-10-28 17:12:46+00:00
There are probably 1000s of reports of from people across the globe that are seeing very similar things that remain unexplained. If the evidence went to a courtroom, I think certain UAP “cases” would pass have a positive “verdict” based on overwhelming circumstantial evidence. However, science has a higher bar (as it should) so when we ask our experts what’s happening they have to say “no evidence” or else lose their credibility.