MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by lcnPylGDnU4H9OF | 2025-10-14 20:33:31+00:00
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradox_of_tolerance

> unless you belong to the same branch of my religion

This is a straw man. It is reasonable for you to be upset when I say you do not belong in my country and not reasonable for you to be upset when I say I am Christian. That's the perspective you're arguing against and you only hurt your counter-argument when you misunderstand other points of view. If you tell me that I don't belong in your country, you can bet I won't hold the door for you. How is that at all controversial?
by ToucanLoucan | 2025-10-14 20:33:32+00:00
It's not exclusion. If you fail to meet standards, you should be retained for another year for additional time to meet them. That only becomes a "problem" when we treat it like one, usually because of warped institutional incentives or misplaced shame.

We’ve built a system where the performance of teachers and schools is measured by graduation rates, as if every student who doesn’t graduate on time is a failure of instruction. That’s nonsense. Some kids need more time. Some face life circumstances that derail their progress like undiagnosed learning disabilities, unstable home environments, trauma, poverty. There are hundreds, if not thousands of reasons a child might struggle in a given year, and pretending that all of them can be solved by pushing them forward anyway is not accomplishing anything but putting them in academic and later career situations that they are not prepared properly for.

What No Child Left Behind did was make an AWFUL perverse incentive where schools are indirectly ordered to pass every kid at every opportunity lest their already meager budgets get slashed even further. Children are not widgets moving along on an assembly line and we have spent decades now proving this fact.
by bsder | 2025-10-14 20:34:25+00:00
> The issue is of course there is no market for US made goods at a good salary

The Smarter Every Day scrubber demonstrates that is not true: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZTGwcHQfLY

The problem is that the US has systematically destroyed all the ecosystem required to manufacture by outsourcing everything.

Maximally efficient is minimally robust.
by jltsiren | 2025-10-14 20:34:40+00:00
> My friends in high school joked that school was for socializing, and frankly, what other purpose does it serve anymore for most kids?

Schools have always been like that, at least if you ask the kids. The difference is whether the parents value education and expect their kids to work hard and study, or if they only see the school as a daycare center that allows them to work full time. And whether the wider society values education.
by ashtonsix | 2025-10-14 20:34:49+00:00
Haha... GPUs are great. But do you mean to suggest we should swap a single ARM core for a top-line GPU with 10k+ cores and compare numbers on that basis? Surely not.

Let's consider this in terms of throughput-per-$ so we have a fungible measurement unit. I think we're all agreed that this problem's bottleneck is the host memory<->compute bus so the question is: for $1 which server architecture lets you pump more data from memory to a compute core?

It looks like you can get a H100 GPU with 16xPCIe 5.0 (128 GB/s theoretical, 100 GB/s realistic) for $1.99/hr from RunPod.

With an m8g.8xlarge instance (32 ARM CPU cores) you should get much-better RAM<->CPU throughput (175 GB/s realistic) for $1.44/hr from AWS.
by csours | 2025-10-14 20:35:01+00:00
More concretely, a newspaper (or other media) will use facts like "Police Media Officer Jones stated that ....". It is factually correct that Officer Jones stated "....". Whether Media Officer Jones' statement is correct and comprehensive, that is another matter.

Feel free to substitute "Officer Jones" for any other occupation.

A very large fraction of news comes from media relations people at the organizations being reported on. Good news agencies will get context from another organization.

Great news agencies will sometimes do the kind of digging that makes leaders of large organizations uncomfortable. The costs in time, money, and reputation (even when you get it right) mean that even the very best news agencies can only report a small fraction of stories in depth.
by nradov | 2025-10-14 20:35:08+00:00
Determining primary cause of death is often somewhat subjective. Almost everyone listed as a COVID-19 death had other serious co-morbid medical conditions. If a deceased patient had heart failure and type-2 diabetes, and also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, then what killed them in the end? Hard to say. (Same issue applies to influenza etc.)
by cozzyd | 2025-10-14 20:35:57+00:00
yes, we have an SDR running some form of dump1090, then we are parsing json output from that and sticking it in a local sqlite database (we cycle databases once per day). Then that sqlite database eventually gets copied down. There are plans to improve our system to read a bit more directly but on low priority. It looks like these tools expect some format called BEAST that maybe can already be generated by dump1090, and then it's just a TCP stream to some endpoint?
by preommr | 2025-10-14 20:37:06+00:00
I disliked the whole article, but as a quick tangent, the following:

> . People are often far more anxious about flying than driving, even though commercial airline crashes are incredibly rare.

...surely can be explained, that if adjusted for non-impaired people and considering the survival rate for when an accident happens, the danger is much lower for cars.

The way the article phrases it, makes it sound like the fear is completely baseless.
by nostrademons | 2025-10-14 20:37:22+00:00
Is it actually? That's a very common bugaboo, but I'm not convinced that screen time use is really the main culprit, and I think it's self-evident that it won't have as big an effect as not knowing how to read. The article seemed to suggest as much as well:

> But the smartphone thesis has a few weak spots. It’s not just middle schoolers and high schoolers whose performance is declining; it’s also kids in elementary school. Phone use has certainly increased among young children, but not to the ubiquitous proportions of adolescents. And even though smartphone use is almost universal, the learning losses have not been. High-achieving kids are doing roughly as well as they always have, while those at the bottom are seeing rapid losses.

My kids are allowed to have screen time, but with limits. Most of their friends have similar arrangements. It doesn't seem to stop them from enjoying reading. When you're limited to an hour of screen time a day, there's still 23 hours to do other stuff.
by cameronh90 | 2025-10-14 20:37:34+00:00
Around Heathrow at least, there seem to be a few paths where Airbus and Boeing both fly, but seem to be reporting slightly different offsets within that path.

I wonder if that's a systemic difference in how they report their GPS position to ADS-B, or an actual real difference caused by slightly different autopilot systems, or something else?
by nawgz | 2025-10-14 20:37:38+00:00
As a Canadian... Canada is weak, poor, and corrupted by the same plague that has lead America to where it sits.

The rule of law is holding on a bit tighter, and quality of life isn't as bleak as the States, but Canada needs some serious reforms to break the hold of the elite class.

Seriously, look at how the temporary foreign worker program enriched the elites and then is used by their centralized media machines to radicalize the population against immigrants. It's a bad joke, and this exact regulatory capture runs deep and wide.
by shagie | 2025-10-14 20:37:51+00:00
The larger context...

“Can you read? And by that I don’t just mean interpreting Logotype…” “No one uses that any more,” said Quin. “You’re talking about the symbols on your underwear that tell you not to use bleach. That sort of thing.” “We don’t have underwear, or bleach—just the bolt, the chord, and the sphere,” said Fraa Orolo, patting the length of cloth thrown over his head, the rope knotted around his waist, and the sphere under his bottom. This was a weak joke at our expense to set Quin at ease. Quin stood up and tossed his long body in a way that made his jacket fly off. He was not a thick-built man but he had muscles from working. He whirled the jacket round to his front and used his thumbs to thrust out a sheaf of tags sewn into the back of the collar. I could see the logo of a company, which I recognized from ten years ago, though they had made it simpler. Below it was a grid of tiny pictures that moved. “Kinagrams. They obsoleted Logotype.”

This was from the part where Fraa Orolo was interviewing Artisan Quin about the world outside the Concent.
by aeternum | 2025-10-14 20:38:04+00:00
The screens thing is a diversion.

The core issue is that it's nearly illegal to discipline students now. There's a socioeconomic divide because child behavior is unfortunately negatively correlated to socioeconomics. Thus poor schools suffer more from the lack of ability for teachers to remove disruptive students.

Yes some excellent teachers are sometimes able to deal with it, most cannot.
by troupo | 2025-10-14 20:38:08+00:00
A lot of design in the early era of UIs (until sometime mid-~90s~ Edit:: mid-2000s) was based on a lot of research. From academic research to ergonomics to plain old user research. They wouldn't always get it right, but they were learning.

Original Apple guidelines started with things like "Simplified Jungian Perception" on page 18 https://archive.org/details/apple-hig

Microsoft collected and analyzed hundreds of thousands of data points about their software. See "No Distaste for Paste" https://web.archive.org/web/20080316101025/http://blogs.msdn...

Now?

Modern designers wouldn't understand what a book is if one hit them in the face. And their "research" is all vibes: "Quantified factors" are "32% increase in subculture perception", "a 34% boost in modernity" and "a 30% jump in rebelliousness" https://design.google/library/expressive-material-design-goo...
by Hackbraten | 2025-10-14 20:38:46+00:00
I use GnuCash/aqbanking on Linux with a physical TAN generator myself to access my German bank account. The fact that this works is not up for debate.

My point was that you can't do it *without hardware attestation*. You can choose between 1. a smartphone with hardware attestation, or 2. a physical TAN generator with hardware attestation.
by surgical_fire | 2025-10-14 20:38:49+00:00
Looking at fertility rates online, the most recent numbers I could find is 1.6 in the US and 1.4 in the EU. Both indicate population decline.

China is at 1.7, but I am not sure I trust the number if they report it themselves.

Either way, I have no idea where you take that there's a large number of children being born.
by hn_acc1 | 2025-10-14 20:39:09+00:00
Agreed. My dad was raised strongly fundamentalist, and in North America, that included (back then) strongly resisting unions. In hindsight, I've come to realize that my parent's weren't maybe even of average intelligence, and definitely of above-average gullibility.

Unionized software engineers would solve a lot of the "we always work 80 hour weeks for 2 months at the end of a release cycle" problems, the "you're too old, you're fired" issues, the "new hires seems to always make more than the 5/10+ year veterans", etc. Sure, you wouldn't have a few getting super rich, but it would also make it a lot easier for "unionized" action against companies like Meta, Google, Oracle, etc. Right now, the employers hold like 100x the power of the employees in tech. Just look at how much any kind of resistance to fascism has dwindled after FAANG had another round of layoffs..
by jsmith45 | 2025-10-14 20:39:11+00:00
Yeah, proving correct is not a panacea. If you have C code that has been proven correct with respect to what the C Standard mandates (and some specific values of implementation defined limits), that is all well and good.

But where is the proof that your compiler will compile the code correctly with respect to the C standard and your target instruction set specification? How about the proof of correctness of your C library with respect to both of those, and the documented requirements of your kernel? Where is the proof that the kernel handles all programs that meet it documented requirements correctly?

Not to point too fine a point on it, but: where is the proof that your processor actually implements the ISA correctly (either as documented, or as intended, given that typos in the ISA documentation are that THAT rare)? This is very serious question! There have been a bunch of times that processors have failed to implement the ISA spec is very bad and noticeable ways. RDRAND has been found to be badly broken many times now. There was the Intel Skylake/Kaby Lake Hyper-Threading Bug that needed microcode fixes. And these are just some of the issues that got publicized well enough that I noticed them. Probably many others that I never even heard about.
by itopaloglu83 | 2025-10-14 20:39:23+00:00
There are a lot of Apple employees here that are going to downvote this but I cannot turn a blind eye to this abomination.

I’ve been an early adapter since my first iPhone in 2009. But the new UI is plain ugly, lacking general accessibility, and full of bugs to the point that it’s just user hostile at this point.

They broke almost all of their design guidelines and make everything useless bubbles, I just cannot believe that Apple released this ugly thing to billions of devices.
by elmerfud | 2025-10-14 20:39:35+00:00
What's sad is that this is just a general youth culture thing when they think no one is listening. I don't know how genuine they are in their beliefs but I have discord chats with transgender liberals that cheered the death of Charlie Kirk that regularly would go on racist rants and encouraged rape as well.

When I would mention to them that I was uncomfortable with this kind of chatting because I have friends of all races and I have known people who have been raped. So making these kind of jokes, even if it's just to be edgy, isn't funny and doesn't feel edgy. What it really shows is a bunch of people who've never experienced racism and have never experienced the torture and pain of rape themselves or having one of their close friends experience it. So they joke about these vile things.

Is that a defense of the young Republicans doing this? No it's not. It's an explanation that should provoke people and to taking a deeper look and seeing that it's not limited to young Republicans but also to young Democrats as well. They use the same provocative language when they believe it's reasonably private because they're trying to be edgy in front of their friends. It's easier to think that it's only one side and to use this to dehumanize one side while ignoring that this is pervasive from all sides coming from the younger generations.
by graeme | 2025-10-14 20:40:02+00:00
If you don't exclude people who failed to learn the material then the next year's material has to dumb itself down to account for the people who can't understand it. And conversely the students who didn't understand but went forward often still have some missing factor which means they'll spend 12 years not understanding and falling behind.

Obviously you could make a metric for this and if you're holding back say 50% of students there's probably a problem but a small portion isn't obviously a bad thing. Snark is fun but it isn't analysis.
by andy_xor_andrew | 2025-10-14 20:40:02+00:00
I truly, genuinely wanted to like Liquid Glass. I think the default reaction to ANY change in UX, even changes that are generally improvements, is: "I don't like this, it's different!"

I thought that'd be the case for ios 26. But after installing it... yeesh. I can barely see anything. It's just awful.
by Animats | 2025-10-14 20:40:12+00:00
Management summary, from The Economist article:

"The worst effects of this flaw are reserved for those who create what is known as the “lethal trifecta”. If a company, eager to offer a powerful AI assistant to its employees, gives an LLM access to un-trusted data, the ability to read valuable secrets and the ability to communicate with the outside world at the same time, then trouble is sure to follow. And avoiding this is not just a matter for AI engineers. Ordinary users, too, need to learn how to use AI safely, because installing the wrong combination of apps can generate the trifecta accidentally."
by ratelimitsteve | 2025-10-14 20:40:17+00:00
I don't necessarily disagree with the idea that lead has caused a lot of issues in our society including some amount of criminality, but it's worth noting that Bentham coined the idea of the panopticon in the 18th century, and Focault and Deleuze were both talking about it as though it already existed by the 1970s. The panopticon has certainly grown into its paws since then, but the idea of a society where anyone could be under surveillance and therefore where everyone would always act as though they're under surveillance is older than the lead ban. The article you link to even references Levitt and Donohoe attributing some of the crime drop to increased police presence, which is the kind of surveillance that a lower tech society could use to implement the panopticon. You'll get no argument from me that it's several orders of magnitude more efficient now than it was in the 90s, but it was developing before the ban on lead in gasoline if we use that as our arbitrary line in the sand between pre- and post-lead eras.

You did, however, allude to one of my favorite facts about violent crime in America: far from being a cause of violent crime, the rise of violent video games has been correlated with the most dramatic drop in crime in all of recorded history. That's right y'all, it's at least arguable that not only did Doom not inspire violence, it may have actually made us safer.
by kmeisthax | 2025-10-14 20:40:25+00:00
Yes, but they're architectural decisions made at Bell Labs in the 70s. iOS was always designed with the assumption that no one is trustworthy[0], not even the owner of the device. So there is a huge mismatch between "70s timesharing OS" and "phone that doesn't believe you when you say 'please run this code'" That being said, most of these security features are not duct-tape over UNIXisms that don't fit Apple's walled garden nonsense. To be clear, iOS has the duct-tape, too, but all that lives in XNU (the normal OS kernel).

SPTM exists to fix a more fundamental problem with OS security: who watches the watchers? Regular processes have their memory accesses constrained by the kernel, but what keeps the kernel from unconstraining itself? The answer is to take the part of the kernel responsible for memory management out of the kernel and put it in some other, higher layer of privilege.

SPRR and GLs are hardware features that exist solely to support SPTM. If you didn't have those, you'd probably need to use ARM EL2 (hypervisor) or EL3 (TrustZone secure monitor / firmware), and also put code signing in the same privilege ring as memory access. You might recognize that as the design of the Xbox 360 hypervisor, which used PowerPC's virtualization capability to get a higher level of privilege than kernel-mode code.

If you want a relatively modern OS that is built to lock out the user from the ground-up, I'd point you to the Nintendo 3DS[1], whose OS (if not the whole system) was codenamed "Horizon". Horizon had a microkernel design where a good chunk of the system was moved to (semi-privileged) user-mode daemons (aka "services"). The Horizon kernel only does three things: time slicing, page table management, and IPC. Even security sensitive stuff like process creation and code signing is handled by services, not the kernel. System permissions are determined by what services you can communicate with, as enforced by an IPC broker that decides whether or not you get certain service ports.

The design of Horizon would have been difficult to crack, if it wasn't for Nintendo making some really bad implementation decisions that made it harder for them to patch bugs. Notably, you could GPU DMA onto the Home Menu's text section and run code that way, and it took Nintendo years to actually move the Home Menu out of the way of GPU DMA. They also attempted to resecure the system with a new bootloader that actually compromised boot chain security and let us run custom FIRMs (e.g. GodMode9) instead of just attacking the application processor kernel. But the underlying idea - separate out the security-relevant stuff from the rest of the system - is really solid, which is why Nintendo is still using the Horizon design (though probably not the implementation) all the way up to the Switch 2.

[0] In practice, Apple has to be trustworthy. Because if you can't trust the person writing the code, why run it?

[1] https://www.reddit.com/r/3dshacks/comments/6iclr8/a_technica...
by eqvinox | 2025-10-14 20:40:49+00:00
They maybe (not taking a stance) shouldn't, but I don't think this argument is as simple as one thinks. Doing surveillance on someone's home generally requires a court order beforehand. And depending on the country (I don't believe this applies to the US), words spoken at home also enjoy extended legal protection, i.e. they can't subpoena a friend you had a discussion with.

Now the real question is, do you consider it a conversation or a letter. Any opened¹ letters you have lying around at home can be grabbed with a court-ordered search warrant. But a conversation—you might need the warrant beforehand? It's tricky.

(Again, exact legal situation depends on the country.)

¹ Secrecy of correspondence frequently only applies to letters in sealed envelopes. But then you can get another warrant for the correspondence…
by stevage | 2025-10-14 20:40:51+00:00
> The face of the beprenese is located at the top of the Dikili stone; its sharp lines, deep eye sockets and blunt shape nose, and a similar style with human statues found in Karahantepe. This discovery reveals not only the technical mastery of Neolithic people, but also the way he expresses himself and the ability to think abstractly.

I don't think we were in any doubt about the ability of people 12,000 years ago to think abstractly.
by mbesto | 2025-10-14 20:40:59+00:00
You're proving my point. Hardware's lifecycle is based on warranty - that's it.

The parent comment was:

> Data centre hardware is more like 3 years.

That comment is actually referencing the standard warranty period (which is indeed typically 3 years), which may or may not be consistent with the useful life of server hardware (which is much more subjective and varies based on appliance).
by cogman10 | 2025-10-14 20:41:01+00:00
This is the important part of a media diet.

You can get a false sense of how common, dangerous, etc something is by the frequency of reports from a news outlet. What they are saying is true, but how relevant that is to the average person can be far from the truth.

A perfect example of this. I've seen here on HN people worried about crime on public transit (any crime, from murder to petty theft). Specifically citing the terrible crime problems of NY and CA transit. Yet when you actually look at the numbers, you see the crimes per day are closer to 1 or 2 while the travelers per day are in the millions. Meaning it's a literal 1 in a million event that you'll be the target of crime on public transit.

News outlets lie to you not by telling false stories but rather by weaving false narratives around the stories. "Crime is out of control" is the false narrative, but it's backed by real stories of crime, sometimes horrific.
by shagie | 2025-10-14 20:41:06+00:00
It's a philosophy text with a lot of ideas masquerading as a work of fiction. The closest analogy to it that I can think of is the Symposium... which is a philosophy work that uses a plot and stories to express the ideas. Incidentally, there's a part of Anathem that feels a lot like the Symposium (complete with chatting about philosophy around a table).