MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by KernalSanders | 2025-10-25 09:22:05+00:00
Thank you for this!

Abbreviations and acronyms are highly inefficient if not defined clearly and up front. It also creates a division between those who know and those who don't.

I absolutely detested seeing "ISO" suddenly everywhere on Facebook and Nextdoor in place of "in search of". If you didn't know that before, you know it now, but you may also be annoyed by it not being about the international organization for standardization, which also goes by ISO, but not for any reason people would magically guess, without a background in Greek. (ISO explains that, since the acronym would differ in every language, ISO is actually derived from isos, which means "equal". Happy coincidence that it almost matches the name of the organization, but could also become obscure with time and lost history.)

For our company, I've been very clear that we don't make up acronyms unless a layperson could reasonably guess what it stands for, and also not confuse it for something else.
by Broken_Hippo | 2025-10-25 09:23:31+00:00
Contrast isn't always necessary. Am not a doctor, but I have MS and get them regularly.

I've only had a couple with contrast. My understanding is that contrast highlights abnormal stuff and some tissue sorts more than without contrast. Specifically, they use it in MS to get a better look at an active lesion in the brain. You can still see the lesion without the contrast, though, so most of the MRIs are taken without contrast and then another with contrast if necessary. They have known about various side effects of contrast for some years (allergies, etc).
by StopDisinfo910 | 2025-10-25 09:23:45+00:00
From my point of view, no, it shouldn’t be routine. Lifetime annotations and borrow checking are pretty far from the sweet spot of easy to deploy, useful and get out of the way when it comes to static analysis.

Honestly, Ada is a far better choice than Rust when it comes to the safety/usability ratio and you can even add Spark on top which Rust has no equivalent of. But somehow we are saddled with the oversold fashion machine even when it makes no sense. I mean, look at the discussion. It’s full of people who don’t even know what static analysis is but come explaining to me that I am a C zealot stuck in the past and ignorant of the magnificence of our lord and saviour Rust. I don’t even use C.

I don’t care that people rewrite stuff become they want to be cool. If they maintain them, it’s their responsibility and their time. I do care about distribution replacing things with untested things to sound cool however. That’s shoddy work.

I also deeply disagree that pure functions should be the norm as an Ocaml programmer. They have their place but are no panacea either. That’s the Haskell hype instead of Rust hype this time.
by FlameRobot | 2025-10-25 09:23:57+00:00
YouTube recommendations are tailored to what you watch. I end up being recommended car repair videos, security/hacking/surveillance videos, repairing old vintage computers and some like comedy and music stuff I like.

The stuff that you mention. You can literally say "Not Interested" on the video and it will show you less of content. I see none of it.
by lsy | 2025-10-25 09:24:27+00:00
I feel like this needs an editor to have a chance of reaching almost anyone… there are ~100 section/chapter headings that seem to have been generated through some kind of psychedelic free association, and each section itself feels like an artistic effort to mystify the reader with references, jargon, and complex diagrams that are only loosely related to the text. And all wrapped here in a scroll-hijack that makes it even harder to read.

The effect is that it's unclear at first glance what the argument even might be, or which sections might be interesting to a reader who is not planning to read it front-to-back. And since it's apparently six hundred pages in printed form, I don't know that many will read it front-to-back either.
by adrian_b | 2025-10-25 09:26:38+00:00
EDIT: Typo

I have noticed too late that I have incorrectly written "AMD/Intel CPUs with SHA-512", but I have meant AMD/Intel CPUs with AVX-512".

(There are a few recent Intel CPUs that have SHA-512, i.e. Lunar Lake and the desktop variant of Arrow Lake, i.e. Arrow Lake S, but this has nothing to do with Keccak.)
by ninetyninenine | 2025-10-25 09:26:57+00:00
I have. It's more stressful. But it's still 1x talent and 1x effort. Anyone can do it, it's just harder in the same way being a garbage man is hard.

10x engineers don't need to be principals. The idea behind principals is that they don't do any engineering. They leverage the work of others to become 10x. It's very much considered a "leadership" or management role overall.

A 10x engineer is usually literally a person who can output 10x through his own work alone. As a sidenote, with AI everyone is now 10x. So it's really a 20x thing now.
by filleokus | 2025-10-25 09:27:36+00:00
Someone was using Xray, proxying to my employer, and it was detected in our attack surface management tool (Censys). I had some quite stressful few minutes before I realised what was going on, "how the hell have our TLS cert leaked to some random VPS hoster in Vietnam!?".

Thankfully for my blood pressure, whoever had set it up had left some kind of management portal accessible on a random high port number and it contained some strings which led me back to the Xray project.
by rcxdude | 2025-10-25 09:29:24+00:00
I've done this. It's a reasonably straightforward way to multiplex multiple endpoints over a single TCP socket, and it also gives you a framing protocol. It doesn't have a particularly high overhead (past the initial headers and such it's just a socket with a pretty lightweight frame header). You can find a library in basically every language and/or framework and they often deal with a bunch of other details for you.
by barbarr | 2025-10-25 09:29:52+00:00
+1, the tokens from before a quantum hack will be transferred to a new fork. So at that moment, the value of BTC will go to 0 and the value of BTC v2 will take the value of BTC.

However at the moment, the community seems to be leaning towards pay-for-quantum-resistance [0]

[0] https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/pull/1670
by piva00 | 2025-10-25 09:30:45+00:00
Don't you think that a few hundred instances of articles like this could have a chilling effect?

If you keep reading articles over a few months about different people being visited/interviewed by the FBI, you'll at some point have the thought "can they somehow find out about me?".

It's Panopticon-lite, give the impression they might be able to see you even if there's no realistic capacity to watch everyone at once and you'll feel a little more paranoid, that's a chilling effect.

Now couple that with the friend of the administration Larry Ellison's quote about "if we watch every citizen they'll be in their best behaviour", and you get to a political project of control.
by rbanffy | 2025-10-25 09:30:54+00:00
You can get a z/OS VM on the IBM cloud, but it costs at least $5/hour. Would be wise to have some automation to turn it on and off as you need. You will be able to SSH to it and, with some configuration, connect to it with x3270 or other emulator.

IBM also offers free courses and a lot of materials.

A lot of the ideas in modern z/OS and z/VM are present in MVS 3.8 and VM/370, which run on the Hercules emulator. You can run modern z/OS on it, but it violates the license.

That said, z/OS is very alien to people coming from Windows and Unix. It’s a new world of acronyms, metaphors and ideas that evolved from a very different set of constraints. It’s like octopuses and mammals - both highly intelligent, but radically different at the same time.
by user2722 | 2025-10-25 09:31:56+00:00
I think he/she was being ironic. You either own it or Apple owns it.

Since there is no sideload and the criptographic keys belong to Apple, then the device belongs effectively to Apple and you just rent it for a fixed fee.

You can't both own it and not own it depending on the situation, thus exposing Apple's hypocrisy as a well-intended parentified gatekeeper just protecting the users/childified adult users.
by burnt-resistor | 2025-10-25 09:32:05+00:00
It started with the IBM PC and manual configuration -> PNP -> PCI -> ACPI -> and then finally, UEFI, subsuming ACPI and EFI. It's what happens when something is designed by committee and has to provide backward compatibility, it becomes Turing complete and produces a document 1131 pages long. It's the worst standard that's been tried, except for every other. If it would've been developed for a green field by a smaller committee who cared about simplicity in a different reality then would've been better, but it's what we have that exists here and how.

The issues of forking are: fragmentation, balkanization, and reinventing a wheel that already exists. Microsoft sure a shit ain't going to support it. It makes OS and hardware support for everyone else more difficult. They're locking themselves in and shutting the door to the rest of the world.

If it's so "terrible", then you're free to write your own and get OS and hardware vendors to support it, otherwise you maybe frivolously complaining about reality.
by sijokun | 2025-10-25 09:33:01+00:00
Thanks, your Redis story sounds exactly like my motivation. When the cache layer becomes the primary persistence and you’re pushing around millions of JSON-encoded Pydantic objects, the overhead hits both RAM and the bill very quickly. That pain is real.

Regarding getting this into Pydantic core: I doubt the maintainers would want to ship and maintain a binary serialization layer inside the main project. That said, it might still be worth opening an issue to hear their perspective - worst case, it becomes a documented "won’t include".

As for continuity and lock-in concerns - my primary production workload depends on this library, so I fully intend to keep it updated alongside new Pydantic and Python releases. I also intentionally designed it with minimal dependencies: core functionality uses only pydantic and typing-extensions. The only extra is leb128, and that’s just for UInt128, which almost nobody truly needs - I’m considering moving that to an optional extra to keep the base install even leaner.
by noduerme | 2025-10-25 09:33:10+00:00
Can we stop redefining-down the word "pandemic" please? I think enough people are already going to stick their fingers in their ears and go "na na na" when the next actual pandemic virus comes along. Maybe just skip the comparison and say screen addiction is the most dangerous addiction humanity's ever seen. Then it just sounds like a normal hyperbole. Or try these:

"Screen addiction is an apocalypse"

"Screen addiction is a genocide"

...
by FlameRobot | 2025-10-25 09:34:10+00:00
They actually do show a several notices that says "Fancy something different, click here". They already have a mechanism in place that does something similar to what you describe.

What YouTube recommends to you is more of what you already watch. Removing stuff the you describe is as easy as clicking "Not interested" or "Do not recommend channel".

Also YouTube algorithm is rewarding watch time these days. So click bait isn't rewarded on platform as much. I actually watch a comedy show where they ridicule many of the click-baiters and they are all complaining about the ad-revenue and reach decreasing.

Also a lot of the political rage-bait is kinda going away. People are growing out of it. YouTube kinda has "metas" where a particular type of content will be super popular for a while and then go away.
by rolisz | 2025-10-25 09:34:10+00:00
Did you ever go and eat a bag of pure sugar? Or rather a bag of sweets, which usually contain other stuff, not just sugar.

We're not addicted to sugar, the "sugar cravings" are mostly to combos of carbs and fats.

Eating enough turns off my "sugar cravings". Eating lots of protein makes any craving for sugar disappear (I survived last Christmas by not eating any cakes, just lots of meat).
by anonymousDan | 2025-10-25 09:34:42+00:00
Yeah I guess it's more a question of methodology for me. You have several parts of a proof, and your intuition guides you that certain parts are more likely to be risky than others. Better to get those straight first since you've a higher chance of failure (potentially rendering much of the work you have already done pointless). Then you can come back to flesh out the hopefully more straightforward parts. This is as opposed to taking a purely bottom-up approach. At least that's how I often tackle a complex coding problem - I am no mathematician!
by inglor_cz | 2025-10-25 09:36:31+00:00
This is true, but it is also true that "official" communication often tends to project level of certainty that just does not correspond to the actual level of knowledge, and Covid was pretty bad in this regard, because in absence of actual knowledge, hard recommendations were being issued to people.

Saying sincerely "we are not yet sure if Covid spreads by touching surfaces" etc. would have gone a long way.

I am not even touching the dirty topic of "practise societal distancing unless you go to an anti-racist demonstration, because racism is worse than Covid". That alone probably sunk the levels of trust for a generation in the US, especially among people right of the center. Politicizing science is suicidal.

Back to normal uncertainty. It was the same with various dietary recommendations. Older people remember several major overhauls thereof (are eggs fine or not, and in which amount?), and again, these were presented with a level of certainty that does not correspond to the actual - somewhat fuzzy - state of nutritional science.

You can only do this so long before unleashing an epidemics of distrust.
by sdfgsdhjsdffw | 2025-10-25 09:37:14+00:00
> First, and most common is an emotional cause. Falling in love with a theory, settling on it, emotionally, before you even start digging, will make you weight data differently. Extremely smart people will fall pray to this and, again, this is not an intellectual issue, it's an emotional one. I think pursuit of truth is an emotional endeavor as much as it is an intellectual one.

I agree with this.
by adrian_b | 2025-10-25 09:37:16+00:00
This is useful when you use a secure hash function as a key derivation function for some communication protocol or file or disk encryption method. This is one of the most frequent use cases for a secure hash function.

In such cases, you hash some random value or a salted password or a shared secret value obtained by some kind of Diffie-Hellman exchange, and you must generate a variable number of secret keys, depending on the target protocol. You typically need to generate at least an encryption key and an authentication key, but frequently you need to generate even more keys, e.g. in a communication protocol you may use different keys for the 2 directions of communication, or you may change the keys after a certain amount of time or of transmitted data.

When you have just a hash function with fixed output size, e.g. SHA-512, you must transform it in a hash function with extensible output size, to get all the keys that you need.

Typically this is done by hashing repeatedly the secret value, but each time concatenated with some distinct data, e.g. the value of a counter. Like for any cryptographic operation, every detail of the implementation matters and it is easy to make mistakes.

If you already have available a hash function that has been designed to provide extensible output, then you can use it as it is and you do not have to bother with designing an ad-hoc method for extending the size of its output and with the analysis of its correctness.
by gempir | 2025-10-25 09:37:20+00:00
I think this thread went a bit off-topic with heavy discussions about the community or developer.

As a user of Valetudo for 4+ years now, I can say that it's a wonderful Software once you get it running once. Depending on your vacuum model it's easier or more complicated.

I bought a used Z10 Pro 4 years ago and with a UART-to-USB I could order from ali-express I rooted it effortlessly. Valetudo got many cool updates over the years and was always reliable for me. Not once did I have to re-root or something because the Software bricked itself or whatever.

The updates were beautifully done and simply done in the UI. And I'm very happy that the Home Assistant integration worked great as well.

Personally I couldn't buy a Vacuum robot anymore without Valetudo. Having a remote controllable camera and probably even microphone in some models in my home seems insane.

The Defcon talks from Dennis Giese confirmed that some manufacturers literally send every log line to their cloud server and there was already some bigger mainstream drama of vacuum pictures ending up on facebook somehow a few years ago.
by rcxdude | 2025-10-25 09:37:50+00:00
I'm not so sure this will apply to BTC. It more or less has the staying power that it has because it hasn't changed at all, in fact pretty much everyone involved with it has resisted changing it, and it's not obvious there's anyone with enough political capital to make the fork, because anyone, right now, can make a fork of BTC and none of them have ever done well.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-10-25 09:38:30+00:00
> expanding on that, would you consider it appropriate referencing to say "That is a crime according to the French criminal law" without specifying where it says that? (I'm assuming here that the French criminal law is a single document.)

Not really; there are two issues, of which I think one supports you much more strongly than the other one does.

First (supporting you more), the French criminal law is a very large document. Appropriate referencing should include a more reliable way to find the relevant text than "it's in there somewhere".

Second, whether something is a crime according to any particular body of criminal law is generally a subjective question that cannot be definitively answered by reading the text of the law, even if you read it all. Because of this, appropriate referencing demands that you provide the text which you are interpreting to mean that the particular events under discussion constitute a crime.

This second point seems more important to me. If you say that's a crime according to the French criminal law, which states '[direct quote]', that's a good reference even though you don't specify where in the law your text is found. If you provide the location of the text you're thinking of, but not the text itself, that's a much worse reference, even though it's still better than just waving at "the French criminal law".

But part of that calculation is the fact that I expect, if I have a genuine quote in my hand, that I'll be able to locate where in the law it came from. Bodies of law are generally pretty good about this. Hundreds of years ago, specifying where in the law a direct quote occurred would have been more important.

(Issues with citing the law get even worse than this; judgments that postdate the law can have dramatic effects on its meaning without triggering any change in its official wording.)

> I would consider a wrong (or broken) link to be an error in the document, but I would not consider erroneous statements in the linked document to be inaccuracies or errors in the linking document. Imagine that instead of an outdated policy, the linked document was one promoting homeopathy. Would you say that the original document contains misleading statements about healthcare? I would not.

I wouldn't, but that's because the link specifies that it details Alaska Airlines' customer support policy. If the same thing happened in a Mayo Clinic page outlining their view of homeopathy, then that document would be making misleading statements about healthcare.

If a delayed passenger called Alaska Airlines and said "in your statement about the outage, it mentions that you reimburse affected passengers for any hotel accommodations they may have made without limitation" (and that is an accurate description of the mistakenly-linked outdated policy), do you think it would be more accurate for the representative to respond "yes, it does say that, but unfortunately that link goes to an outdated policy and we can't reimburse more than $100", or to respond "no, it doesn't say that. It only says that we have a policy, and our policy is to reimburse up to $100"?
by aziaziazi | 2025-10-25 09:39:33+00:00
I had a similar experience rebooting my 9yo iPhone [0] after a more recent one went out of service. Hours of screen procrastination got replaced with IRL activities/thinking. I decided to not repair the fancy LCD and keep the little friend. It’s been two years and I don’t feel going back soon.

Reducing color intensity is a great idea to worsen the experience, I’ll give it a go. Yet first thing I do after wake up is checking Hacker News and the design is probably not at fault. Still some self improvement to do.

0 still security updated! https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45270108
by GOD_Over_Djinn | 2025-10-25 09:40:33+00:00
> The claim that it is not possible to "question the new mRNA platform publicly without knee-jerk backlash and demonization" is just not accurate

I’m not a Covid truther, anti-vaxxer, or anything of the sort, but let’s be honest here. Mainstream urban society will absolutely attack anyone who doesn’t adhere to the consensus view on covid (among many other topics). It’s an overreaction stemming from years of dealing with bad-faith trolls. But the net result is an enforcement of a specific political orthodoxy.
by dzhiurgis | 2025-10-25 09:41:07+00:00
I went to one near me just to check it out. They started to moan about public education system and seemed want to be alternative for the sake of it. Some parents I know there are definitely on a woo-woo spectrum. School system in NZ is already a lot like montessori with heaps of fluidity.

p.s. I’ve been joking that soon you won’t be able to take your kid anywhere without a montessori/waldorf/reggio franchise.
by mirekrusin | 2025-10-25 09:42:00+00:00
Ideal architecture would be the one you can patent.

Imagine if transformer architecture was patented. Imagine how much innovation patent system would generate - because that’s why it exists in the first place, right?

It’s not patented and you see how much harm it creates? Nobody knows about it, AI winter is in full swing.

We need more patents everywhere.
by Imustaskforhelp | 2025-10-25 09:42:06+00:00
Yea I agree rent seeking is definitely not the problem, huge skins gambling is.

> modulo the gambling problem, isn't really "bad". Can you please explain to me what you mean by this. I feel like valve enabled skins gambling which even underage people could do for a long time, so there is some truth about it and coffeezilla made a video about it https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13eiDhuvM6Y

I am just saying the ethics of the company isn't perfect when they enabled gambling for a long time, I am not sure if right now it can be fixed or how this steps that they did right now fixes that problem if I am being honest.
by burnt-resistor | 2025-10-25 09:43:00+00:00
Missed opportunity to discuss GSHPs and instead pushes electric HPs because it's a business blog masquerading as a .org to push product.

And also, contractors and maintenance shops push products that minimize their costs and maximize their profits. It's also why private equity owns effectively every high voltage motor capacitor manufacturer in the US and why those capacitors have such short lives now. It's not about minimizing TCO, it's about maximizing customer dependency upon service and parts without seeming there is any other choice balanced with the stochastic equilibrium of potentially more reliable alternatives threatening this "cottage" industry.

PS: clean your coils, change your air filters (without excessive MERV flow restriction), surge protect ECMs, and check your caps.