MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by VenturingVole | 2025-10-16 01:52:01+00:00
My 1st thought: The comment to which you are replying is why I'm not sure I'd have the patience to maintain an OS project. Though the older I get, the better I get at ignoring certain things.

My 2nd thought: Actually, this is very likely a culture/communication difference whereby both people care (I'm a big fan of Erin Meyer's work here)

My 3rd thought: I wonder what happens if I provide this repo and the chat comments to codex. Outcome: https://github.com/wsimmonds/caddy/pull/1

My 4th though: Perhaps I can make 'enemies' become friends if they both have disdain for AI ;)

Note: I would absolutely not submit this as-is. Caddy's an amazing project though I am not very familiar with its implementation and I'd seek to understand it, conventions etc. and make some obvious improvements to the code which has been generated - but this was a minor bit of fun. I created 4 separate versions and only in one of them did anything with TLS related get amended.
by nocoiner | 2025-10-16 01:52:02+00:00
I really cannot understand why an “all of the above” approach to energy production has basically no political salience. I guess because it has something for someone of any political stripe to dislike (fossil fuels, nuclear, renewables and storage - take your pick!) but in a few years when we’re all paying twice the electrical rates we’re paying today, we will probably wish we hadn’t been so doctrinaire.
by Retric | 2025-10-16 01:52:28+00:00
> the environmentalists are the ones who

Literally says that. The 2024 Honda Pilots are …

‘Some’ X are Y, is talking about a subgroup of X, ‘the’ X are Y is talking about all X.

Beyond often it’s people trying to create barriers to something who setup these kinds of reviews not environmentalists. In old cities you’ll see people using historic preservation for similar ends.
by alephnerd | 2025-10-16 01:52:29+00:00
Conversely, someone with my skin color would not have been allowed to buy that house in much of Monterrey County back in 1960.

Heck, most older houses across CA still have redlined contracts from that era included in the buying history.

"A Raisin in the Sun" was the reality barely 4-5 decades ago.
by pixl97 | 2025-10-16 01:53:27+00:00
I mean, the brain is hardware as in we can take things like neurons and force them to do things like computation in a standalone fashion (biological computer). An FPGA would be the closest non-biological thing we've created. It's hardware that can be programmed like software.

Maybe we need a new acronym. Self Programmable Neuron Array. SPNA.
by theamk | 2025-10-16 01:54:06+00:00
it's a bad re-telling of [0] "Sharpie found a way to make pens more cheaply by manufacturing them in the U.S.", in the style of famous "I, Pencil" essay [1]. But while original text was full of interesting technical facts with a bit of politics mixed in, this imitation has no interesting technical details.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45480354

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13016980
by miffy900 | 2025-10-16 01:54:08+00:00
Just wanted to mention that some basic Windows-OS keyboard shortcuts don't work, like ALT+F to open the File menu. Also things like ALT+SPACEBAR to bring up the system context menu for the focussed window (the menu with maximise, minimise, close options etc.) do not seem to work. I'm guessing with the DirectX rendering backend, the 'app' is rendered more akin to a video game than a native win32 process.

Also after install, the install directory takes up 400MB+. Even VSCode only takes up around 380MB. I believe it when they say it's not an Electron app, but I do wonder what's being packed in there. I was always under the impresion that Rust apps are pretty lightweight, but that install size is nearing Java levels of binary/dependency bloat.
by gerdesj | 2025-10-16 01:54:17+00:00
"automate updates"

A device can be woken up at silly o'clock and "apt update && apt upgrade && apt autoremove && shutdown -r now" can be run via cron.

apt as deployed by Debian itself has options for automatic updates (via cron), which is the better option. Have a look under /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/
by mmuk2002 | 2025-10-16 01:54:40+00:00
Hey HN! Built this after reading a VR body doubling study for ADHD (Ara et al., 2024).

The idea: periodic voice check-ins create accountability without the scheduling friction of Focusmate or the social pressure when you're not feeling it.

It's an ElevenLabs voice agent that: - Checks in at intervals you set - Keeps you accountable to your stated goals - Can answer questions/help think through problems mid-session

Built it for myself (have ADHD, dev struggles are real) and it's been working well, but would love feedback from other builders.

Stack: Angular + TypeScript frontend, ElevenLabs for voice AI

Paper: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3640543.3645199

Happy to answer questions!
by thfuran | 2025-10-16 01:54:45+00:00
>I take it you have tests in your product repos that test your compiler behaviour, including optimisations that you enable while building binaries, and all third party dependencies you use. Is that accurate?

Are you asking whether I write integration tests? Yes, I do. And at work there's a whole lot of acceptance testing too.

>There is a difference between "gcc 4.8 is buggy, let's not use it" and "let's write unit tests for gcc".

They're not proposing writing unit tests for gcc, only actually testing what gcc produces from their source. You know, by executing it like tests tend to do. Testing only the first party source would mean relying entirely on static source code analysis instead.
by tharkun__ | 2025-10-16 01:54:50+00:00
Why would the landlord have to pay?

I grant you, yes it can cause problems. I can see plenty of entitled people say things like "if we pay for the wires, the landlord reaps the benefits when we leave and some other tenant uses those wires we paid for". Sure. Or you think about it as being able to choose for yourselves and yes that comes with costs, whether you own the place or not. We're not talking thousands of dollars here.

Look, I don't live in California but we definitely did choose our own ISPs at all the place(s) we rented (multiple places, multiple different countries) and yes, we did have the ISP come have their actual "physical wire provider" come out and run the line and we paid whatever fee was necessary for that (unless the ISP did) and the landlord was absolutely involved exactly zero percent of that. Because it meant we could get the kind of line we wanted from a third party provider at a cheaper price than the underlying physical line provider would've given us.

It's absurd to me to think that the landlord would've had to provide for any of that, except if it meant a huge amount of money and then one would've wanted to set up some sort of "cost share" arrangement. But we're talking like a hundred bucks here, for a multi-year period of use. We're renting the property, not internet service from them. Same with electrical service. We of course paid for the electrical service ourselves instead of through the landlord. It gave us the choice(s).
by andyferris | 2025-10-16 01:55:10+00:00
Remember Asahi works properly only on M1 and M2. More work is required to make it run well on later chips (its not just a faster ARM chip - it's new graphics card each time, motherboard chipset, every laptop peripheral changes from time to time, BIOS/UEFI, etc, and they all need reverse-engineered drivers for it work).
by francislavoie | 2025-10-16 01:55:23+00:00
Why would we work on something we don't care about, for free? If they paid a sponsorship, that would allow us (moreso Matt) to spend the time looking into it. Or, people complaining about it can spend their own time finding a solution rather than making noise like this. (Also - I didn't "pore over", I simply searched for "caddyserver.com." in HN's search and it turned up every time two specific individuals brought this up)
by ttul | 2025-10-16 01:55:36+00:00
This is what Codex is doing. The LM has been trained to work well with the kinds of tools that a solid developer would use to navigate and search around a code repository and then to reason about what it finds. It’s also really competent at breaking down a task into steps. But I think the real magic - watching this thing for at least 40 of the last 50 working hours - is how it uses command line tools to dig through code quickly and accurately.

It’s not relying on the LM context much. You can generally code away for an hour before you run out of context and have to run a compression step or just start fresh.
by frtime3d | 2025-10-16 01:55:41+00:00
> If they specifically tried to cheat at this benchmark it would be obvious and they would be called out

I doubt it. Most would just go “Wow, it really looks like a pelican on a bicycle this time! It must be a good LLM!”

Most people trust benchmarks if they seem to be a reasonable test of something they assume may be relevant to them. While a pelican on a bicycle may not be something they would necessarily want, they want an LLM that could produce a pelican on a bicycle.
by iteria | 2025-10-16 01:56:45+00:00
Fathers can't care for an infant alone? Damn shame that every single child with a mother who died in child birth never survived to adulthood. Damn shame. Also, just so tragic that a gay couple will never know the joy of raise a child from infancy. Pete Buttigieg has a hell of a fine imitation of an infant.

Cmon what you are saying is 100% false. Men are 100% capable of caring for infants and toddlers. Formula exists and there has been no large scale study that has shown a significant long term impact for formula usage. All benefits of breastfeeding are minor or unable to be separated from characteristics of the mother.

Women entering the workforce is not the death of child achievement. It is not even parents having time since there was only an extremely narrow window where the one parent household was a thing and it wasn't even the majority of the population. Income has always correlated with achievement and wealthy parents pay money for their child's enrichment not particularly engage with the children themselves. There are kindergarteners at my kid's school in tutoring to get them ahead. These kids are not even behind. That's not the mother spending time on their kid that's boosting the test scores in my district. It's wealth.
by trinsic2 | 2025-10-16 01:56:53+00:00
Good point. Thanks. Your right I think I will create some eval questions and make sure I am putting the customers needs first.

I feel like there needs to be some way to explain the changes to Windows 11 as hostile from a longevity perspective with the ads and the lock-in.. With one-drive being activated and moving customer data to the cloud without consent, the LLM that gets in the way of the user experience, recall, ect. It would still be their choice but at least they would know what they were getting into..

I feel like id be doing some justice by letting customers who qualify (who don't have use-cases that Linux cannot handle) know that its a better experience because Microsoft is creating friction in the desktop experience now..
by antonvs | 2025-10-16 01:58:08+00:00
> If memory management is already resolved with the borrow checker rules

Even in standard Rust, this only applies to a subset of memory management. That’s why Rust supports reference counting, for example, which is an alternative to borrow checking. But one could make the case that automatic garbage collection was developed specifically to overcome the problems with reference counting. Given that context, GC in Rust makes perfect sense.
by aborsy | 2025-10-16 01:59:36+00:00
Yeah, I donate from time to time to various projects. But voluntary contributions will never solve this issue.

I had in mind somehow requiring or rewarding everyone to pay a small amount. Like, anyone who uses software from a platform such as GitHub should pay a subscription fee for maintenance depending on usage. It could be small so that it doesn’t interfere with usage. Considering huge number of users, that could pay for maintainers.
by tempestn | 2025-10-16 01:59:40+00:00
I'm no linguist, but I think it should work for most of these sorts of words where the noun is a compound word and the verb form is two words, which seems to be fairly common. ie. log in, back up, break down, work out.

Looks like the commonality is that the second word in the pair is often one of (in, out, up, down).
by pixl97 | 2025-10-16 01:59:45+00:00
This is something that I've wondered about when it comes to things like self driving cars, and the difference between good and bad drivers.

When I'm driving I'm constantly making predictions about the future state of the highway and acting on that. For example before most people change lanes, even without using a signal they'll look and slightly move the car in that direction, up to a full second before they actually do it. Or I see two cars that are going to end up in a conflict state (trying to take the same location on the highway) so I pivot away from them and the recovery they will have to make.

Self driving cars for all I know are reactionary. They can't pick up on these things beforehand at this time and preemptively put them self in a safer position. Bad/distracted/unaware drivers are not only reactionary, they'll have a much slower reaction time than a self driving car.
by Arnavion | 2025-10-16 02:00:46+00:00
I can't say anything about dual-booting Windows. I have heard that Windows Updates will frequently overwrite your custom EFI vars setup and reinstate the Windows bootloader etc.

Other than that, FDE and Secure Boot are unrelated.

The board's UEFI will boot the EFI binary that is either your kernel + initramfs (UKI binary), or a bootloader of your choice that then boots your kernel + initramfs. Depending on your distro, you may have a bootloader like grub or systemd-boot that is already signed by the MS third-party CA and your board may already allow the third-party CA, in which case you don't need to generate and sign with your own keys. Otherwise generate your own keys, set up Secure Boot with them, and then figure out how to sign your UKI binary / bootloader binary with those keys.

This initramfs will then be responsible for locating and mounting your root etc partitions. For a systemd distro using the UAPI Discoverable Partitions spec (use a specific type ID for the root partition), systemd has a builtin cryptsetup target that will prompt you on tty to enter the LUKS password for that partition. Otherwise investigate your distro's initramfs options for doing that.

>* Dual-boot where I choose in BIOS/UEFI to go to either the existing Win10 drive or new Linux drive.

grub and systemd-boot both show menus to select one of the available EFI binaries to chain to. Otherwise your UEFI might give you a similar menu.

>* I want to be able to take my drive out of a dead computer and access it elsewhere if something goes wrong, as opposed to needing to reformat and reload from backups.

Any other PC can mount and decrypt the drive with cryptsetup just like your original PC could, as long as you specify the same password.

>* If I install a distro with secure-boot off, can I turn it on later for benefits, or vice-versa?

Yes. You will launch board's UEFI, set the SB status to "Setup mode", boot your OS, then generate and enroll new keys which will set the SB to "User mode" and start enforcing signatures on next boot. And if it breaks you can set it back to "Setup mode" in board's UEFI, boot the OS and troubleshoot / re-enroll keys. The OS wouldn't care that you had previously enabled SB but are now booting with SB disabled.

Note that Secure Boot != Measured Boot. With a standard Measured Boot setup the disk encryption key is protected by secure element on the board (eg TPM) measuring the boot chain, so your disk will automatically decrypt when the boot chain matches the previous measurement and automatically fail to decrypt when it doesn't match. Your concerns about failing to decrypt the disk apply to this setup, not to SB. But also LUKS-encrypted partitions can have multiple keys to unlock them, so you can have both a Measured Boot-guarded encryption key and an emergency fallback password to unlock the disk manually.
by billy99k | 2025-10-16 02:01:51+00:00
I've been using Linux since the early 2000s. I've never been able to completely switch over from Windows or Mac.

One issue I've always had is when updating applications you use every day, one bad library could make the application unusable. Most are a dependency nightmares and there just aren't enough people paid to work on Linux apps to offer good support.

When I was young and poor, I had all the time in the world to tinker with my Linux machine to figure to get everything working again. I just want an operating system to work. If not Windows, I would recommend a Mac.
by gerdesj | 2025-10-16 02:02:22+00:00
Don't bother - no idea what your parent is up to.

Linux - the kernel is GPL 2 - that means you can use it to your heart's content. If you make changes, it would be nice if you shared them, please do.

A Linux distro will generally have a similar license. Again the idea is that positive changes that you make are made available to everyone.

That is the idea of the GNU Public License: If you take our freely available stuff and add to it, you should make your changes public too.

Seems fair!
by mc32 | 2025-10-16 02:02:44+00:00
Sure. But that's due to low unit build + immigration creating demand combined with builders mainly building 2500 sq ft houses. Back in the 70s it would have been 1,500 sq ft. But also people want amenities like central air, game rooms, big kitchens, etc. It's like making sedans vs SUVs. MFGs make money on S/CUVs and larger houses. Small units don't have the same unit profit.
by VenturingVole | 2025-10-16 02:02:59+00:00
It's an awesome project and I imagine it has saved countless production incidents. The amount of times I've said "it was probably certificate expiry" and been correct is reasonably high.

In my own cases of responsibility, Caddy would have eliminated them had it been around. Instead I've learned to be paranoid, though having things like this are far better in terms of easing cognitive burden.

Cheers for all of the hard work by you and other maintainers.
Show HN: Achilleus – Security monitoring for agencies managing client websites
by rangapin | 2025-10-16 02:04:40+00:00
Most security tools are either free-but-limited (SSL Labs) or enterprise-priced ($200+/month).

Nothing existed for freelancers and small agencies managing multiple sites affordably.

So I built it. It scans all your domains in ~30 seconds, shows you a simple security score, flags issues, and generates professional PDFs you can send to clients. No complex setup, no security expertise required. Currently $27/month for 10 domains with unlimited scans.

The MVP is live and working well, but I want real feedback before pushing hard on growth. Looking for beta users—especially freelancers or small agency owners managing 5+ client sites.

If you're interested, I'd love to hear what works and what doesn't:

https://achilleus.so

Happy to answer questions in the comments.
by zrobotics | 2025-10-16 02:05:42+00:00
I wouldn't recommend deploying ublock on customer machines. Or at least ask what their workflow is first. There are a ton of SaaS sites that break with ad locking enabled.

I run firefox+UBO+privacy badger on my machines, and the only sites I've had to disable my privacy extensions in the last few years for were work related, B2B SaaS apps. A few years ago I pushed UBO to user machines (Chrome on win10) at work, and had a ton of user issues. I finally had to disable it, it wasn't a net benefit to us. It's not just a 'turn it on and leave it alone' thing, and people don't always think or remember to try toggling it off and reloading the page when they encounter issues.

That said, it's insane to me to be paying MS for a database with a 10GB limit, but I've seen their price lists. I've also worked with small businesses that don't have in-house IT, and they just end up overpaying for crappy service for many of those things.

I hope this win11 migration causes more MSPs and consultants to move small businesses over to linux though, MS has been predatory on pricing for business customers for far too long and with as much work has migrated to a browser there will be way less issues switching than there were years ago.
by kalleboo | 2025-10-16 02:05:53+00:00
Just things like waiting on the download for an Xcode update before I can get to work would be a lot more tolerable on 1.4 Gbps than the like 600 Mbps on the WiFi 5. Or worrying if this video is buffering because a backup started in the background.

But I gave up on waiting and just got Ethernet put in in the places where I'm likely to sit with my laptop - now I plug in to charge and automatically get 2.5 Gbps Ethernet at the same time using a USB-C dock and a long USB 3 cable.
by teleforce | 2025-10-16 02:05:57+00:00
Abstract:

For users, patent search is provided by large companies such as: Yandex. Patents, Google Patents, Espacenet, United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), Dimensions, which contain a large number of patent documents. Many search engines present various search criteria, for example, by date, title, applicant and category. The problem with such services is that they do not provide access to their databases, but only offer a web interface for viewing information. This chapter discusses the process of developing a module for the formation of a patent sample based on data (natural language and metadata) of the US patent array (USPTO) for solving various analysis tasks, such as: building a patent landscape through clustering procedures, identifying patent trends, etc. To solve this problem, a patent filtering algorithm has been developed that allows you to check the basic patent class, determining whether it is included in the clarifying list from the configuration file, an algorithm for parsing patent documents that allows you to extract the necessary elements of the description of the sources under consideration and the clustering algorithm of the patent sample. The parsing module is developed using the lxmllibrary and Beautiful Soup. For clustering, evaluation of the accuracy and completeness of clustering, the sklearn library was used, a database management system (DBMS) was selected for the organization of information storage Clickhouse and HDFS distributed file system. Thus, as a result of testing the developed software, it was determined that the division of the patent sample based on meta-information (IPC classes) with it coincides with the results of clustering carried out on the basis of the analysisof textual patent information with great accuracy.
by _heimdall | 2025-10-16 02:07:34+00:00
> Like the article says, I think serverless has it's place, but I don't think it's for most applications

I feel this way about many of the more popular trends over the last decade or so.

A technology becomes popular because a really large organization uses it to solve problems that only really exist st that scale. Then they talk about how it works and many tend to take that as an indicator that the solution is ideal, regardless of context.

GraphQL, react, Tailwind, NextJS, and many others. They solve specific problems and those may be problems you have. No tool is a universally useful solution though, it takes real experience and knowledge to discern what your problems are and how to best tackle them.