MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by giantg2 | 2025-10-14 15:54:11+00:00
"Chronic diseases like obesity and diabetes—which I have studied for over forty years—have increased in prevalence despite the fact that many new insights into their pathophysiology have been achieved and new treatments have become available. Changes in nutritional and other environmental exposures are certain to be important contributors, but the specific causes are vigorously debated, and new research insights are desperately needed to address these."

Yes and no. You might need specific causes if you want to solve this with a pill or at a 100% level. You could very well solve this for 90% of people with lifestyle changes. Just look at the Amish for obesity and type 2 diabetes. But being more active and eating less ultraprocessed stuff is too burdensome - we all want to eat our cake and have it too.
by mrguyorama | 2025-10-14 15:54:18+00:00
I shouldn't have to remind everyone that cops already can skip getting a warrant for things like phone location data.

Plenty of big services will just give cops info if they ask for it. It's legal. Any company or individual can just offer up evidence against you and that's fine, but big companies will have policies that do not require warrants.

Despite this atrocious anti-privacy stance, cops STILL clear around half of violent crimes, and that's only in states with rather good police forces, usually involving higher requirements than "A pulse" and long training in a police Academy. Other states get as low as 10% of crimes actually solved.

When you've built a panopticon and cops STILL can't solve cases, it's time to stop giving up rights and fix the cops.
by brightball | 2025-10-14 15:54:26+00:00
I always take skeptics seriously, because what is the alternative? We stop asking questions?

It doesn't mean I believe every skeptic over science, but it does mean that I'm willing to ask questions. In so many cases on the topics RFK Jr goes after, there are significant gaps in the questions that science has answered. People want those gaps filled and have for many, many years.

The answer is always more questions and therefore, more science.

Right now, there's an information vacuum and until that vacuum is filled people will continue to speculate. It's human nature, especially when somebody you care about has been affected and nobody can give you answers other than "this is life now".
by kinsly | 2025-10-14 15:54:31+00:00
Hi , I'm launching my new project, Kinsly, today. It's a CRM built specifically for solo freelancers.

My goal was to create something that wasn't bloated with enterprise sales features. The stack is a simple Go backend API with a SQLite database and a vanilla JS frontend, all designed to be lightweight and easy to deploy on a standard VPS without Docker or Kubernetes. The Kickstarter is to fund the initial server costs.

I'm here to answer any technical questions about the architecture or the product vision.

Link: https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/sergey-muc/kinskly-the-...
by vidarh | 2025-10-14 15:54:35+00:00
Unless there is unknown physics going on, we have the existence proof for the possibility of a compact computational device capable of accurately replicating the thought patterns of a human in the form of every single human brain. That, to me, makes it highly improbably that we won't be able to replicate it at some point, not least because we know that human brains remain functional even with significant variations even with substantial amounts of damage.

So while it might well be we will need new architectures - maybe both software and hardware, it seems highly unlikely we won't be able to.

There's also as of yet no basis for presuming we need to be "complete accurate" or need to model the physical effects with much precision. If anything, what we've seen consistently over decades of AI research is that we've gotten far better results by ditching the idea that we need to know and model how brains work, and instead statistically modelling outputs.
by toomuchtodo | 2025-10-14 15:54:38+00:00
Harm reduction through legislation.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X2...

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4938642

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/08/opinion/sports-betting-ad... | https://archive.today/yrHtp

https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/07/how-gambling-affects-the...
by Spooky23 | 2025-10-14 15:55:01+00:00
In the US? Whenever possible, we build industrial facilities in rural areas for a cheaper workforce and to avoid unionization. Meat packing is the textbook example. Distribution centers are the more modern one.

It’s always important to talk about rural citizens because politicians pretend that they don’t exist. The rural poor have a lot in common with the urban poor, but are separated both deliberately and by inertia.
by mempko | 2025-10-14 15:55:18+00:00
Yeah, I don't think the public understands how far behind they are. SpaceX was supposed to have moon missions in 2023-2024 time frame. NASA has said that Starship's timeline is "significantly challenged" and expects the vehicle will be years late. Apollo for comparison took about 8 years from announcement to moon landing. Space shuttle took about 9 years from approval to first flight. Starship has been in development now about 9 years.

Despite it's iterative approach (and benefit of decades of space technology and learnings) it has been slower than both Apollo and Shuttle.

Keep in mind Starship hasn't even achieved orbit yet.

It's making the 2027 Artimis III moon landing increasingly unrealistic.
by ryandv | 2025-10-14 15:55:20+00:00
> Was Rousseau part of basic or applied science?

This one is easy - neither. The term "science" has gone through semantic dilution in a manner similar to how everyone is now an engineer - software engineer, prompt engineer, sanitation engineer.

Falsifiability is one of the key distinguishing characteristics of a proper science, as famously propounded by Karl Popper.

"Gender identities" not only can not be falsified, they should not be falsified, because that would amount to transphobia; denying the existence of someone's felt and lived gender identity is the definition of transphobia.

Since they cannot be falsified, nor even directly observed, measured, nor quantified, they are not scientific notions.

The closest most well-studied analogue to the "gender identity" is the legacy religious notion of "the soul," to which you will see you can ascribe most, if not all, of the same attributes as ascribed to the "gender identity."
by daemonologist | 2025-10-14 15:55:27+00:00
I would love to hear more about the solutions you have in mind, if you're willing.

The particular challenge here I think is that the PDFs are coming in any flavor and format (including scans of paper) and so you can't know where the grades are going to be or what they'll look like ahead of time. For this I can't think of any mature solutions.
by spyder | 2025-10-14 15:55:39+00:00
It's for hidden layers and not for every parameter: From Keller's Muon github page:

"Muon is an optimizer for the hidden weights of a neural network. Other parameters, such as embeddings, classifier heads, and hidden gains/biases should be optimized using standard AdamW."

And I just looked into this nanochat repo and it's also how it's used here.

https://github.com/karpathy/nanochat/blob/dd6ff9a1cc23b38ce6...
by 716dpl | 2025-10-14 15:55:56+00:00
There was a game in the early '80s called Microsurgeon where you piloted a robot probe into a body to cure it of diseases. It was armed with an array of tools, one of which was ultrasound that you could use to destroy cancer. I wonder how long this idea has been around for.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsurgeon_(video_game)
by notatallshaw | 2025-10-14 15:56:41+00:00
I assume in your example if you update the foo declaration to the following it solves the complaint:

foo: list[str] = []

If so this a type checking design choice:

* What can I infer from an empty collection declaration? * What do I allow further down the code to update inferences further up the code?

I don't know Pyrefly's philosophy here, but I assume it's guided by opinionated coding guidelines inside Meta, not what is perhaps the easiest for users to understand.
Show HN: Infinity Arcade–Open-source local LLM showcase for generating games
by jeremyfowers | 2025-10-14 15:57:03+00:00
Hi HN! We're Jeremy, Victoria, Krishna, and Daniel from the local LLM (Lemonade SDK) team at AMD and we're building Infinity Arcade (https://infinity-arcade.app). This project combines an open-source app and model to demonstrate what is possible for local LLM coding on the ~200 million everyday laptops out there with 16 GB of RAM. The progress has been surprisingly good, so I thought I'd show it here.

The problem: while LLM coding is amazing with large cloud-based models, the results you get with today's open-source 7B-8B parameter models (the maximum size for an average consumer laptop) are anything but inspiring. Even when we constrain ourselves to something "easy", like vibe coding retro arcade games in Python, the best sub-8B-parameter models can barely produce working copies of Snake and Pong.

Our solution: first, we needed an app that would make it easy to drive local LLMs with exactly the right prompts and features for creating games. We built three minimal agents: Create, Remix, and Debug. This allows users to make new games, make changes to existing games, and allows the system to automatically fix its own bugs.

Second, we needed to build our own model because none of the open-source offerings were cutting it. We assembled a dataset with >50k lines of high-quality Python game code, then used LORA SFT to create Playable1-GGUF (https://huggingface.co/playable/Playable1-GGUF): by far the world's highest performing 7B model at this task. It can handle 3x more game types and many fun riffs, like "space invaders with exploding bullets" and "breakout where the ball accelerates every time, I hit it."

There's a short GIF with a demo of the outputs here: https://github.com/lemonade-sdk/assets/blob/main/arcade/arac... And one showing the full UI here: https://github.com/lemonade-sdk/assets/blob/main/arcade/infi...

Ultimately, the goal is to deliver a reference design that inspires startups to build with local LLMs. Local has no ongoing cloud costs and no privacy/security concern with sharing user's data over the internet. The main challenges are the capabilities of smaller local models, as well as the work to integrate a software stack that is relatively less mature than OpenAI/Open Router APIs. We believe Infinity Arcade shows that both challenges can be overcome and the benefits of local can be realized.

What you can do today: download the app from GitHub, install with 1 click, run Infinity Arcade and its LLM 100% free and local, check out the training data and process for the fine-tuned model, and build your own app using all of this as a reference.

Links:

GitHub: https://github.com/lemonade-sdk/infinity-arcade

Model: https://huggingface.co/playable/Playable1-GGUF

We’d love to hear your feedback! Are you convinced that the benefits of local outweigh the challenges? Do you have all the resources you need to get started? Let us know in the comments!
by hansmayer | 2025-10-14 15:57:05+00:00
Well, for such a trivial feature, e.g. loading user settings it actually should not matter, as this too, is a problem we solved decades ago in many deterministic ways. But if it does, then we have an extremely fragile technology being promised as solution to all the humanitys problems. The tool we use is Github Copilot with the entire model offering. Out of which we mostly use Claude Sonnet 4. Since over the last several months they started entshittifying it though, as you are probably aware, we reverted from agent mode to mainly using it just as an annoying and verbose replacement for the entshittifed google search.
by ghusto | 2025-10-14 15:57:05+00:00
His points against LetsEncrypt are that:

- It introduces an exploitable attack vector

- He sees it as a Trojan Horse, and fears for what will happen in the future

There are a few static sites I run where there is no exchange of information. I'm locked into ensuring certificates exist for these sites, even though there's nothing to protect (unless you count the ensuring the content is really from me as protecting something).
by bigzyg33k | 2025-10-14 15:57:12+00:00
RAG certainly doesn't reduce hallucinations to 0, but using RAG correctly in this instance would have solved the hallucinations they describe.

The purpose of the system described in this post is OCR inaccuracies - it's convenient to use LLMs for OCR of PDFs because PDFs do not have standard layouts - just using the text strings extracted from the PDFs code results in incorrect paragraph/sentence sequencing.

The way they *should* have used RAG is to ensure that subsentence strings extracted via LLM appear in the PDF at all, but it appears they were just trusting the output without automated validation of the OCR.
by s17n | 2025-10-14 15:57:17+00:00
People in the US prefer Signal over Telegram because Signal was created by people who took security seriously, and Telegram wasn't.

People outside the US prefer telegram because they assume that Signal is probably compromised, or at least highly vulnerable to compromise, by US intelligence - they trust Pavel Durov's history of expropriation and arrest more than they trust some nerds who claim that our product is secure.
by autoexec | 2025-10-14 15:57:40+00:00
I suppose it's a good reminder to people that every cloud service they interact with is collecting data which can be used against them in court or in any number of other ways at any point in the future and that chatbots are no exception.

I'm sure that there are many people who thoughtlessly type very personal things into chatgpt including things that might not look so good for them if they came out at trial.
by gpvos | 2025-10-14 15:58:05+00:00
That's only one of the topics in this thread, it's about western (colonial) involvement elsewhere in general. Just have a look at the line of parents of this comment; you were the only one who reduced it to the Brits. I was directly replying to "as if there's still a British empire syphoning the economies of their colonies all the way from Great Britain", and the French are another, similar, Western power that's still doing that; they are also being talked about in sibling threads. Finally, questions like yours derail the discourse much more than comments like mine.
by mrguyorama | 2025-10-14 15:58:08+00:00
Sometimes you are better off not invoking your right to a jury trial because if there is straight up evidence in your favor, it's easier to get a jury to ignore that for emotional bullshit than a judge.

DAs for bigger departments are likely well equipped, well trained, and well practiced at tugging on the heartstrings of average juries, which are not average people, because jury selection is often a bad system.
by zahlman | 2025-10-14 15:58:17+00:00
It is not semantics. They are not doing any such "targeting"; they are using this information among other factors, in a context where it objectively is rational to use that information, and it has already been found in court (hence "Kavanaugh Stops decision") that this is lawful. (Granted, this is only a stay against an injunction.) I gave details at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45581400 .
by virtualmic | 2025-10-14 15:58:26+00:00
> Anyone want to share why you currently choose KDE over Gnome?

Just to give you an opposite perspective...I was a long time Kubuntu / KDE Neon user (almost 10 years) and shifted to Gnome couple of years back (Ubuntu 22.04), now running 24.04. It's been very stable and out of the way. I am not sure why people are complaining about UI, for me it's barely visible on my two screens. All open-source and proprietary apps I use run well and without glitch. It took me an hour to get used to the "Gnome" way when I shifted.
by taminka | 2025-10-14 15:58:28+00:00
can anyone explain why telegram doesn't use an audited e2e implementation? is it really because they wanted more convenient and faster cross-device sync? have they been threatened and/or backdoored by the fsb? they basically stole vk from him, but left him alone w/ telegram?

it's suspicious, but at the same time, iirc, nobody's been able to find a vulnerability in their encryption protocol :shrug
by robotresearcher | 2025-10-14 15:58:29+00:00
“I've come up with a set of rules that describe our reactions to technologies:

1. Anything that is in the world when you’re born is normal and ordinary and is just a natural part of the way the world works.

2. Anything that's invented between when you’re fifteen and thirty-five is new and exciting and revolutionary and you can probably get a career in it.

3. Anything invented after you're thirty-five is against the natural order of things.”

― Douglas Adams, The Salmon of Doubt: Hitchhiking the Galaxy One Last Time
by notfromhere | 2025-10-14 15:58:37+00:00
New Deal-era regulations on financial flows made it painful tax-wise to remove cash from a company. So you either had to pay it as dividends, or you invest it in R&D, wages, or benefits for employees (this is why companies used to have very plush benefits even for lower level managers). When combined with pretty aggressive anti-trust, it also funneled cash into business expansion via conglomerates.

Companies were asset rich (which is the seam of valuable companies that private equity has been strip mining for 40 years, but even those are running out now).

Share buybacks are more symbolic that the Reagan era made it easy to take cash out of companies, which led to a race to the bottom of extracting as much cash as possible while leaving little for operations, wages, or expansion.
by dijit | 2025-10-14 15:58:45+00:00
Weird, every time I mention Signal on HN tptacek responds.

But I'm having trouble discerning what you mean.

Either you're saying group chats are encrypted E2EE - which, I never claimed.

Or, you're mentioning that you can have multiple phones/devices on the same account, which doesn't work the last time I checked.
by toomuchtodo | 2025-10-14 15:59:13+00:00
> Legislation is aggression

We disagree, that's all. Sports betting creates more harm than benefit, based on the evidence, and therefore is worthy of aggressive regulation.

Americans increasingly see legal sports betting as a bad thing for society and sports - https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/10/02/americans... - October 2nd, 2025
Show HN: I built a ProductHunt Ship replacement
by jamescalmus | 2025-10-14 15:59:15+00:00
Hi HN

When ProductHunt Ship shut down, I missed having a simple way to collect early signups, email my waiting list, and see how much traction a product idea was getting without setting up half a dozen tools.

So I built Debutsoft. It’s a lightweight pre-launch tool for makers and indie founders. You can create a clean landing page, collect and export waitlist signups, send update emails, and see basic analytics all in one place.

My goals were: - Simplicity: launch pages that load fast and look good without editing templates. - Ownership: you always own your data and can export it any time. - Affordability: no free tier (everything costs something to run), but pricing starts low and early users can grab a Lifetime Founder plan.

It’s still in beta, and I’d really value your feedback. If you have a pre-launch project or just want to test it, you can spin one up in under a minute.

https://debutsoft.com

I’d love to hear what you think, especially around what analytics or customisation features you’d find most useful next.

Thanks for reading, James
by andrepd | 2025-10-14 15:59:17+00:00
> The non-mainstrean economists (aka heterodox, aka cranks)

L M A O

M

A

O

Mate, this is not physics. This is not a field with a measurable reality where you can, in fact, say that those who reject the empirical evidence are cranks. Economics allows for multiple incompatible interpretations of the same empirical observations.

Economics has several characteristics that make it unlike other sciences: basically the "underlying observable" is not an objective thing with an independent existence; unlike an atom, the object of economics changes when it's being studied and changes with the underlying changes in political and economic structure. Even its aims are open for discussion! Economics has more in common with sociology or philosophy than any of the hard sciences.

It's easy to see, if nothing else, because economic theories fall in and out of fashion just like political ideologies do.

I think it's perfectly fine to disagree with non-mainstream economics, or to criticise it on some concrete grounds. But to pretend anyone who disagrees with $current_view is a crank... Well it's symptomatic of the quasi-orwellian reality which certain sectors want to impose: it's not enough to say "ours is the right way", they want to say "ours is the only possible way".
by theamk | 2025-10-14 15:59:24+00:00
Because our computers have global state all over the place, and people like it, as it simplifies a lot of things.

You could see that history repeat itself in Python - "pip install something" is way easier to do that messing with virtualenvs, and even works pretty well as long as number of package is small, so it was a recommendation for a long time. Over time, as number of Python apps on same PC grew, and as the libraries gained incompatible versions, people realized it's a much better idea to keep all things isolated in its own virtualenv, and now there are tools (like "uv" and "pipx") which make it trivial to do.

But there are no default "virtualenvs" for regular OS. Containers get closest. nix tries hard, but it is facing uphill battle - it goes very much "against the grain" of *nix systems, so every build script of every used app needs to be updated to work with it. Docker is just so much easier to use.

Golang has no dynamic code loading, so a lot of times it can be used without containers. But there is still global state (/etc/pki, /etc/timezone, mime.types , /usr/share/, random Linux tools the app might call on, etc...) so some people still package it in docker.
by giantg2 | 2025-10-14 15:59:39+00:00
Then anything anyone says is suspected because nobody knows if it's real incidence or observation. Frankly, I evaluate claims by the medical community with the same skepticism as I do RFK - show me the data, reproducibility, etc.

It would make sense to investigate from both angles to see if there is anything worth looking into. Eg. Tylenol may not increase autism rates, or maybe it does, or maybe it's specific illnesses/conditions that precipitated its use.
by signaleleven | 2025-10-14 15:59:44+00:00
I left a startup around 6 months ago. We were around 30 employees and we had working software and were starting to get some users. We couldn't get the banks to work with us. We were able to get some access through third-party companies and it sucked.

I went to a meeting a few years ago with a big investment company. They had a team of 30 people trying to figure out how to reliably read financial documents to get people's financial information to serve it back to them. At this startup we spent a ton of time doing similar things, and paying another company to read our user's financial documents so we could get their info.

My point is, even if you incorporated and begged I'm not sure you'd have success.