MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by hackingonempty | 2025-10-30 15:36:08+00:00
Why would any state enter into a treaty with a state that doesn't recognize them? Diplomacy requires it so it has been in the USA Constitution since the beginning:

Article VI, Clause 2: This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding.
by KAMSPioneer | 2025-10-30 15:36:44+00:00
Hey, I recognize your username, I bought RCU this year because I wanted to encrypt my reMarkable without losing data. I could have used the cloud or whatever, but I found your software and chose it because it is local-only and FOSS. Also reasonably priced.

Thanks for your work! I have enjoyed RCU and now use it regularly for backups, file transfer, etc. I'm glad to hear that it seems to be sustainable.
by nwienert | 2025-10-30 15:37:02+00:00
I'll give a reply a go - of course we want strong people. That said, we've introduced incredible amounts of weird new things to the world. Advertising, shit food, tech, and a litany of responsibilities. Some of these are very bad and we all paying heavy prices for it.

I don't think we need to treat every bad thing society does as only needing a "toughen up" solution, instead we should fix the root cause.

An extreme example would be if the government poisons your water, maybe some medicine is ok. We should un-poison the water too, but I'm ok with medicine in the meantime.
by adverbly | 2025-10-30 15:37:22+00:00
It's crazy that NextJS became the default new developer tooling.

It's a bit unfortunate that whoever can scream the loudest with their marketing to get people to git clone their framework tends to grow the fastest.

There are so many layers of abstraction that are simply not necessary in most frameworks and that risk over complicating or under complicating many products.

It's almost like blindly defaulting towards any opinionated solution is not what we should be teaching people to do... /Sarcasm
by lm28469 | 2025-10-30 15:37:38+00:00
We managed to convince my almost 70 years old father in law, he dropped 30+ kilos in two years. He could barely walk without getting out of breath, now he walks 20-30k steps a day, every day. We got rid of his cardiologist who kept telling him to take pills because his symptoms were just due to old age... Now he needs half the pills, and the ones he still has to take are much lower doses.

No idea if it'll have an impact on his lifespan but it definitely bought him years of health and changed his day to day life
by adrian_b | 2025-10-30 15:38:13+00:00
NaN is just an encoding for "undefined operation".

As specified by the standard since its beginning, there are 2 methods for handling undefined operations:

1. Generate a dedicated exception.

2. Return the special value NaN.

The default is to return NaN because this means less work for the programmer, who does not have to write an exception handler, and also because on older CPUs it was expensive to add enough hardware to ensure that exceptions could be handled without slowing down all programs, regardless whether they generated exceptions or not. On modern CPUs with speculative execution this is not really a problem, because they must be able to discard any executed instruction anyway, while running at full speed. Therefore enabling additional reasons for discarding the previously executed instructions, e.g. because of exceptional conditions, just reuses the speculative execution mechanism.

Whoever does not want to handle NaNs must enable the exception for undefined operations and handle that. In that case no NaNs will ever be generated. Enabling this exception may be needed in any case when one sees unexpected NaNs, for debugging the program.
by LucioDentato | 2025-10-30 15:38:22+00:00
I've been building with LLMs for a while, and security has been a constant headache. Manual red teaming is slow and doesn't scale, so I built a tool to automate it.

Agent Aegis is an autonomous system that stress-tests your LLM apps. It uses a team of specialized AI agents that work together to:

Profile your AI to understand its function and personality.

Generate & run tailored attacks, from simple prompt injections to complex jailbreaks.

Judge the responses, score vulnerabilities, and give you actionable steps to fix them.

The goal is to make robust AI security testing accessible to everyone, not just big teams.

The stack is React/TypeScript/Tailwind on the front end, with the Gemini API powering the agent logic.

It's still early days, and I'd love to get your feedback, especially on the multi-agent architecture and the effectiveness of the generated attacks.

You can try it here:

Thanks!
by zugi | 2025-10-30 15:40:05+00:00
My company avoids most of the "cloud" hype. We've found it more cost effective to self-host our internal services, plus it gives us more control over our configurations and data. We don't need 24/7 guaranteed up-time; we have occasional hiccups and resolve them in minutes or hours.

But communications within and outside of the company is so vital, that email is the one thing we outsource to the cloud.
by pembrook | 2025-10-30 15:40:33+00:00
> The U.K. and European Union joined China, Russia, Brazil, Nigeria and dozens of other nations in signing the convention...Human rights groups warned on Friday that it effectively forces member states to create a broad electronic surveillance dragnet that would include crimes that have nothing to do with technology.

Countries like Nigeria, Morocco, North Korea and Russia signing a "cybercrime" treaty is just hilarious to me.

I don't believe for a second that these countries want to crack down on cybercrime, considering their citizens are the main perpetrators and beneficiaries of it, and they've taken zero actions to prevent it before today. Lagos is essentially the Silicon Valley of internet fraud, and it happens with permission from the highest levels of their government.

This obviously is just an excuse to create a global dragnet for governments looking to crack down on dissent.
by nothrabannosir | 2025-10-30 15:41:20+00:00
Personal experience from mid 2000s to early 2010s. I lost too many outbound emails to the void. Not even spam or bounced; just genuinely gone. Gmail was the only honest receiver, Hotmail and yahoo were particularly egregious. Obviously set up everything: dkim, spf, constant ip blocklist monitoring, etc etc. It got so bad that I started sending follow ups from a Gmail address to ask if they received my email. That’s when I stopped and never tried again.
Show HN: Health Insurance sucks!
by andrewperkins | 2025-10-30 15:41:20+00:00
So I built Health Care Compare!

I built a way to compare different plans to estimate your yearly total based on your premium, and other medical visits/costs.

Every year it seems like I have to do this all in a spreadsheet, so I thought I would use AI to help make it a web app.

All data stays local in your browser—no server, no tracking, only 1 cookie (to not show the disclaimer for a week after you clicked it). You can export/import your data as JSON. There’s also an AI-powered plan import: upload your Summary of Benefits and Coverage (SBC) into an LLM with the provided prompt to convert it to JSON to import.

Feel free to audit the calculations and make a pull request with any fixes :)
by ARandomerDude | 2025-10-30 15:41:32+00:00
I'm solidly in camp 2, the "common sense" camp that doesn't care about buzzwords.

That said, I don't consider running Kafka to be a headache. I work at a mid-sized company, processing billions of Kafka events per day and it's never been a problem, even locally when I'm processing hundreds of events per day.

You set it up, forget about it, and it scales endlessly. You don't have to rewrite anything and it provides a nice separation layer between your system components.

When starting out, you can easily run Kafka, DB, API on the same machine.
by password54321 | 2025-10-30 15:41:59+00:00
Screw game theory, I have the bigger stick. This is how everyone goes "defect" and you enter an arms race. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma

Never mind, we already crossed that line: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gzq2p0yk4o
by kragen | 2025-10-30 15:41:59+00:00
I think that's probably true for Padauk's PFS150 and similar, but I think the 14¢ https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/Microcontrollers-MCU-MPU... and the 9¢ https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/Microcontrollers-MCU-MPU... are probably fabbed in more recent nodes.

And of course the counterfeit problem has very little to do with what node is used to produce the chips; it's a question of how effective your society's institutions are at keeping fraud under control.
by diegoofernandez | 2025-10-30 15:42:13+00:00
Exactly, it's a bit unbelievable when you consider that the symbology has some unnecessary abstraction.

But yes, it's really great to then discover that it's almost elementary, so to speak. It's something that stays with you for the "next" challenge, knowing that at some point it will loosen up and the basic form will become visible.
by triceratops | 2025-10-30 15:42:22+00:00
> Where do you send your money to invest?

If they had taught you that in high school 10 or 20 years years ago, it would be outdated by now. People used to save in savings accounts. Then 401ks. Then individual brokerage accounts with index funds. Now crypto or whatever is hot using some fintech app.

> What is a stock?

That's fair. It can come up in basic economics but not always.
by jedberg | 2025-10-30 15:43:09+00:00
This was by far the most interesting part to me. I've never considered that code and proofs can be so complementary. It would be great if someone did this for all math proofs!

"Why include a script rather than a proof? One reason is that the proof is straight-forward but tedious and the script is compact.

A more general reason that I give computational demonstrations of theorems is that programs are complementary to proofs. Programs and proofs are both subject to bugs, but they’re not likely to have the same bugs. And because programs made details explicit by necessity, a program might fill in gaps that aren’t sufficiently spelled out in a proof."
by thw_9a83c | 2025-10-30 15:43:24+00:00
Article 29: Real-time collection of traffic data

- (ii) To cooperate and assist the competent authorities in the collection or recording of; traffic data, in real time, associated with specified communications in its territory transmitted by means of an information and communications technology system.

Seriously? Will the authorities of state X simply ask the authorities of state Y to collect/intercept data, and will the authorities of state Y be required to cooperate even without a legal basis in their local legislation? Because this treaty become sufficient legislation?

And more so:

3. Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to oblige a service provider to keep confidential the fact of the execution of any power provided for in this article and any information relating to it.

I cannot imagine anyone with a functioning brain signing this at the UN level.
by aerostable_slug | 2025-10-30 15:43:51+00:00
Local acquisitions under this program have saved lives in fire and search & rescue operations. It turns out thermal imaging is pretty useful for that kind of thing. The local SWAT team's Bearcat armored vehicle helped stop bullets when a madman terrorized nearby Paso Robles, shooting into their police station and leading SWAT teams on a moving gunfight through the area.

Funny how the pointlessly-gendered Women for Weapons Trade Transparency aren't transparent about that.
by DiogenesKynikos | 2025-10-30 15:43:55+00:00
The lack of written records during the Dark Ages is a sign of a major civilizational regression.

Writing and learning retreated to a relatively small group - the clergy. The cities that had thrived under the empire - and the public works that supported them - disappeared.

There has been a historiographical tendency to downplay the significance of the fall of the Western Roman Empire and to euphemistically refer to it as a "transformation." But we're talking about a massive decline in literacy and economic activity, and there are all sorts of indicators (like average human height) that show that people were dramatically worse off.
by louiereederson | 2025-10-30 15:43:56+00:00
this is bad reporting. microsoft's share of openai's cumulative loss over the lifetime of their investment is 11.5b. the microsoft share of openai's loss in the quarter was 4.1b, implying an 8b loss for openai itself assuming microsoft recognized 49% of openai losses per their ownership stake exiting the quarter. there may be some one time items that skew this, if not this is ain't good
by markus_zhang | 2025-10-30 15:44:00+00:00
We don’t know much about human minds. In additional, we don’t follow manuals. The brain doesn’t really always listen to our will. TBH I’d very much hope that I’m a machine that can devote to a single thing for an undetermined amount of time, never have burnout and can immediately context switch with minimum effort. But I’m not made of that.
by fwlr | 2025-10-30 15:44:09+00:00
Tangentially related: one of my favourite things about JavaScript is that it has so many different ways for the computer to “say no” (in the sense of “computer says no”): false, null, undefined, NaN, boolean coercion of 0/“”, throwing errors, ...

While it’s common to see groaning about double-equal vs triple-equal comparison and eye-rolling directed at absurdly large tables like in https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guid... but I think it’s genuinely great that we have the ability to distinguish between concepts like “explicitly not present” and “absent”.
by linsomniac | 2025-10-30 15:44:20+00:00
I've made a similar deal with my kids: Around 7 years ago I set up a "kid retirement" plan for them, where they couldn't touch the money until they were 18, but any money they put in I would match, and I'd also give them 10% APY with monthly compounding. My daughter aged out of it a couple years ago, she got something in the $100 range. Her brother still has a 18 months left, and I just recently rolled his over into the custodial account, he's got over a grand in there currently.

My daughter I just recently set up a ROTH for her and told her I'd match anything she puts into it, and stressed she should put something into it now from her savings, and then put some of her paycheck into it, anything is better than nothing. So far she's declined the free money. I'm going to set one up for my son, once he's at the point of having an income to justify it. She's very smart, but in some ways she's very stupid.
by ferguess_k | 2025-10-30 15:44:26+00:00
Found some gems buried in the comments:

> Back then, Apple had a sabbatical program that encouraged (mandated?) employees to take six consecutive weeks off every five years.

This is really a good take. I can't imagine companies give sabbatical programs nowadays. You still have your vacations so JK took 12 weeks (OP mentioned in the same comment). It was a boon for any system programmer who needs to clear his mind or deepen his thoughts.
Show HN: Nuvix – Open-source Supabase and Appwrite with 3 schema types, auto RLS
by ravikantsaini | 2025-10-30 15:44:37+00:00
I built a full backend-as-a-service platform — solo, in TypeScript — to fix what I hated about Supabase and Appwrite.

The Problem - Supabase: Too rigid. One schema model. No flexibility. - Appwrite: Too loose. No RLS. Security is manual.

The Solution: 3 Schema Types | Type | Use Case | Security | |------------|-----------------------------------|----------| | `Document` | Rapid prototyping (Appwrite-style) | Manual | | `Managed` | Secure apps (auto RLS + permissions) | *Secure by default* | | `Unmanaged`| Full SQL power (raw Postgres) | None |

### Killer Features - *APIs better than PostgREST*: Join tables *without FKs*, filter by nested columns - *Dashboard* (like Supabase Studio) – full CRUD, RLS editor, file browser - *Type-safe SDK* – zero config, full autocomplete - *Bun runtime* – faster than Node.js - *Self-host in 2 minutes* with Docker

```bash git clone https://github.com/Nuvix-Tech/nuvix cd nuvix && docker compose up -d ```
by mattyokan | 2025-10-30 15:44:43+00:00
Paper is custom server software and could be easily argued to be a mod loader if you consider plugins to be mods (although it’s probably a weak argument since there’s no mixin support built-in, although some large servers have added mixin support to their own Paper forks). However, it does not use Fabric under the hood (it’s based on Bukkit/CraftBukkit). By playercount, it is the largest (custom, standalone) MC server software in the world.
by jbrains | 2025-10-30 15:44:44+00:00
First, that sounds hard. I'm happy that you're asking for help and I hope you find the help you need.

Next, you'll probably get a bunch of advice about leaving immediately, how you don't have to put up with this nonsense, and so on. I consider this advice well-meaning, but it might not take into account the complicated web of constraints that you face, so I recommend interpreting "You should get out there now!" as something more like a supportive "You don't deserve to live like this!" True, but not necessarily enough on its own to formulate a plan to address your quandary.

In response to your final paragraph especially, it sounds like you need to have a real, frank conversation with someone who can help you navigate this situation. One in which you can get into the complex details of the situation and balance all your competing needs and desires. I say this because, sadly, you will not be able to solve this problem by running away from it, because it will find you again and you'll be even more tired and even less interested in dealing with it. You probably need more than "Get out and take your people with you".

If you'd like to try to have this conversation, then I think I can help. You can start with my handle here, search the web, find out more about me (to judge for yourself whether I might be able to help you or I'm full of shit), and then contact me. If you think we might click, then ask me for help. Ignore anything that you see along the way that looks like a price.

Meantime, any advice I can offer will sound like a platitude, so I won't bother. The reality of the situation is much more complex than that. Instead, think about what you'd like to have happen and maybe we can figure out how to make it happen.

Peace.
by rnhGatt | 2025-10-30 15:44:52+00:00
Many competent contributors have left or were silenced by the politicians. PyPI had multiple severe vulnerabilities. pip has no adequate story for the scientific ecosystem. Building from source via pip usually fails, unlike around 2010 when it usually worked.

The only thing that prevents lock-in is the religious zeal of most Python users to use anything presented by the PSF high priests, not technical merit.

The reason uv exists is the utter incompetence of PyPA.
by sixhobbits | 2025-10-30 15:45:05+00:00
Couple clicks to get to the list so here it is. Not countries I usually associate with caring about privacy.

Algeria,Angola,Australia,Austria,Azerbaijan,Belarus,Belgium,Brazil,Brunei Darussalam,Burkina Faso,Cambodia,Chile,China,Costa Rica,Côte d'Ivoire,Cuba,Czech Republic,Democratic People's Republic of Korea,Democratic Republic of the Congo,Djibouti,Dominican Republic,Ecuador,Egypt,European Union,France,Ghana,Greece,Guinea-Bissau,Iran (Islamic Republic of),Ireland,Jamaica,Mozambique,Namibia,Nauru,Nicaragua,Nigeria,Palau,Papua New Guinea,Peru,Philippines,Poland,Portugal,Qatar,Russian Federation,Rwanda,Saudi Arabia,Slovakia,Slovenia,South Africa,Spain,Sri Lanka,State of Palestine,Sweden,Thailand,Togo,Türkiye,Uganda,United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,United Republic of Tanzania,Uruguay,Uzbekistan,Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of),Viet Nam,Zimbabwe
by raesene9 | 2025-10-30 15:45:14+00:00
I'm not sure how true the stigma is for GLP-1 based drugs. There are lots of online options for getting it from major orgs in the UK including things like Asda who aren't really a well-known pharmacy brand here (https://onlinedoctor.asda.com/uk/weight-loss-treatment.html).

As to advertising, my perception is that it's wrapped in a "weight loss clinic" style presentation but you don't have to be on all the sites long before you get to the "buy $GLP-1" here :)
by dragonwriter | 2025-10-30 15:45:24+00:00
> What’s the recourse for the victims of those crimes?

The war crimes (and some others) that are subject to the jurisdiction of the ICC are already crimes recognized explicitly in the treaties establishing them as crimes matters of universal jurisdiction. Yeah, its difficult to get your hands on them to exercise that jurisdiction, but... that hasn’t really been a problem the ICC has solved with regard to significant powers when their personnel are subject to its jurisdiction, either.
by WaxProlix | 2025-10-30 15:45:25+00:00
I encountered this in book form way back in my 20s and it was a real treasure. Somehow it didn't click that of course there was a video recording of the actual debate itself - a real debate! - and of course that recording is now on YouTube.

Thanks for the link, I'll have to muster up the attention span to give it a (re?)watch
by accrual | 2025-10-30 15:46:45+00:00
> but somewhere in the system you need a honda petrol generator, which is enough to excite the electromagnets on a bigger generator ...

Tangent, but players of Satisfactory might recognize this condition. If your main power infrastructure somehow goes down, you might not have enough power to start the pumps/downstream machines to power up your main power generators. Thus it's common to have some Tier 0 generators stashed away somewhere to kick start the rest of the system (at least before giant building-sized batteries were introduced a few updates ago).
by kjksf | 2025-10-30 15:47:05+00:00
Strange framing.

Currency manipulation is meant to benefit the country doing manipulation (in this case Switzerland) at the expense of another country (in this case U.S.)

It's very much the role of U.S. government to protect U.S. from other countries trying to do harm to U.S., be it by bombing U.S. territory, tariffs on U.S. goods or currency manipulation that economically hurts U.S.

You could present an argument that Switzerland wasn't trying to harm U.S. economically via currency manipulation but instead you're trying to delegitimize the very idea that U.S. can defend itself from other countries trying to harm it economically by pretending that it's purely internal affair that has no effect on U.S.

Currency manipulation does hurt U.S. and that's the reason U.S. has the right to push back on it.
by dvt | 2025-10-30 15:47:15+00:00
> Never mind, we already crossed that line: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gzq2p0yk4o

This was a very proportional response to Putin[1] the other day, so it's still technically game theory.

[1] https://www.reuters.com/world/china/putin-says-russia-tested...
by franciscojarceo | 2025-10-30 15:47:18+00:00
Feast now supports Ray and KubeRay, which means you can run your feature engineering and embedding generation jobs distributed across a Ray cluster.

You can define a Feast transformation (like text → embeddings), and Ray handles the parallelization behind the scenes. Works locally for dev, or on Kubernetes with KubeRay for serious scale.

Process millions of docs in parallel

Store embeddings directly in Feast’s online/offline stores

Query them back for RAG or feature retrieval

All open source