MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by gldrk | 2025-10-26 05:01:03+00:00
As should be clear from the reset vector, the 80286 and its successors actually boot in unreal mode. On the 80386, the base address of the code segment is 0xffff0000, which cannot be obtained by shifting the 16-bit CS register by 4. The descriptor cache simply gets loaded with the correct value at reset. Writing to CS in real mode overwrites the cached value with CS * 16.
by tooltalk | 2025-10-26 05:01:24+00:00
dumping doesn't depend on profit or loss. Also the legal definition of dumping is less-than-the-"normal value." (see Article VI ANTI-DUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTIES of GATT 1994).

But then China is a non-market-economy, so none of these rules apply in a hypothetical anti-dumping case -- ie, China's local price, or "normal value" doesn't matter.
Show HN: I analyzed 3,465 remote job listings – 72% hide salary information
by remimatteo | 2025-10-26 05:01:34+00:00
I collected and analyzed 3,465 remote job listings to find trends in pay transparency, job titles, and industries. The full write-up includes charts and takeaways (spoiler: 72% of jobs don’t show salary). I’d love feedback on the methodology or suggestions for other data points to explore next.
by theptip | 2025-10-26 05:02:41+00:00
I think the linked https://blog.gregbrockman.com/figuring-out-the-cto-role-at-s... is much more interesting, it gives more actionable detail and advice.

As Brockman says, you need a very strong VP Eng to make this possible.

It’s an important milestone for the technical founder(s) to decide if they are going to hang up their spurs and become a manager/leader, or keep doing the technical work. (A common failure mode is trying to do both.)
by beeflet | 2025-10-26 05:02:46+00:00
>Is there any legitimate reason to report CPM instead of dose after a contamination event?

Basically, the procedures for certain environments differ. If you want to gather dosage data, you use a dosimeter. If you want a binary Yes/No method of detecting contamination, you use a geiger counter and determine if the count rate is above a certain range (depending on background radiation and other factors).

The 300CPM metric just indicates whether they're clean or not after they've been scrubbed down. It doesn't measure the dose they took.
by MichaelNolan | 2025-10-26 05:03:40+00:00
Are you sure? I am talking about 60 and 70 year olds who can ride a non e bike 50+ miles without stopping, but who need an e-bike to ride 50+ miles at the same pace as their younger friends. How is that person not athletic? Sure they aren’t winning any gold medals, but they are still clearly in the top 1% of their age group.
by remimatteo | 2025-10-26 05:04:09+00:00
Author here. I run a remote job board and decided to dig into our database to see what's actually happening in the remote job market.

Most surprising finding: Only 28.1% of remote jobs disclose salary. This is a massive waste of everyone's time and perpetuates pay inequality.

Also interesting: Only 8% of "remote" jobs are truly location-agnostic Software dev represents 14% of all remote work Market is extremely hot (3,465 jobs posted in last 30 days)

Happy to answer any questions about the data or methodology!

Source data: Aggregated from RemoteOK, Remotive, and other major remote job boards.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-10-26 05:04:20+00:00
> Probably various forms of plant carbon compounds that don't count as fiber?

The difficulty I have with this idea is that they would have to also not count as "carbohydrate".

> Maybe other minerals, salt is some but not 12g of it.

Sodium is reported to the microgram, so we know that salt is 0.5g of it.

For one third of the bread to be "minerals", I'd start to worry that it'd be more like eating a rock than eating bread.

EDIT: it has been brought to my attention that the missing weight is water.
by matheusmoreira | 2025-10-26 05:07:23+00:00
> That's not something that can be expressed in C.

I've often made the argument that compilers should add builtins for Linux system calls. Just emit code in the right calling convention and the system call instruction, and return the result. Even high level dynamic languages could have their JIT compilers generate this code.

I actually tried to hack a linux_system_call builtin into GCC at some point. Lost that work in a hard drive crash, sadly. The maintainers didn't seem too convinced in the mailing list so I didn't bother rewriting it.

> The read() function that your C code actually uses is a C function provided by the C library.

These are just magic wrapper functions. The actual Linux system call entry point is language agnostic, specified at the instruction architecture level, and is considered stable.

https://www.matheusmoreira.com/articles/linux-system-calls

This is different from other systems which force people to use the C library to interface with the kernel.

One of the most annoying things in the Linux manuals is they conflate the glibc wrappers with the actual system calls in Linux. The C library does a lot more than just wrap these things, they dynamically choose the best variants and even implement cancellation/interruption mechanisms. Separating the Linux behavior from libc behavior can be difficult, and in my experience requires reading kernel source code.
by nebula8804 | 2025-10-26 05:08:29+00:00
I mean if his own Canvassers are voting for Mamdani then it does not look good for him. :)

[1]: https://x.com/_meagan_orourke/status/1937947782033055753

Having been a part of past NYC elections its not over till its over and then even then its probably not over. NY gives this impression of being some super happy go lucky progressive liberal place but don't be fooled. They have 100+ years of tricks up their sleeves to stop people they don't like. Enough to traumatize me at least. There are ways to battle that but I'll save that for another comment.
by antonvs | 2025-10-26 05:08:40+00:00
> [2] If anyone here works on Windows Update, please consider a career in literally anything else. Software development clearly isn't for you. There are many other positions out there and I suspect you'd be better at nearly any of them than you are at writing software.

I started the switch from Windows to Linux in 1999, so have no up-to-date firsthand experience. But, do you think the issues with Windows Update go much beyond the problems with updating arbitrary hardware running software that's in an arbitrary state due to how users have used it?

What I'd say to those Windows Update developers is they should go to Apple, where they can rely on a much more standardized hardware environment and a much more locked-down software environment, which makes that job a lot easier.
by stahtops | 2025-10-26 05:10:30+00:00
The USA has no negative income tax. There are programs like the EITC which provide benefits to the poor and can be larger than their tax burden depending on the specific circumstances.

The EITC was initially signed into law by Ford (R) and expanded by Reagan (R). Regan apparently called it "the best anti-poverty, the best pro-family, the best job creation measure to come out of Congress".

I'm sure you knew all this, so thanks for being honest in this post about the fact that you would like to dismantle this particular social safety net.

Seething comment sounds like projection btw, I'm not mad. The whole point of HN is to have the discussion expand in detail. Seems like it's working:

- Someone generalized - You called them a liar - We found out the generalization wasn't strictly correct, but basically true in spirit: the wealthy received the majority of the benefit, the poor got a small token for the sake of statistics / sound bytes.
by kstenerud | 2025-10-26 05:10:35+00:00
Not sure I understand this game? There's very little agency.

Opening a door vs not opening a door seems to make no difference - you still encounter endless enemies and chests. There's no actual direction to go because every action results in two buttons to decide what to do (open door or not, open chest or not, pray at fountain or not, engage enemy or flee). So a door is basically a pause at best.

Same goes for opening a chest, except that not opening a chest means you are guaranteed to get nothing. So there's no downside to opening it because the end result is another random event regardless of whether you do or not.

There's so much money dropping that there's never a reason NOT to pray at a shrine.

Eventually I just started mashing the leftmost button, picking the most increased stat on level up, and the game basically played itself.
by yard2010 | 2025-10-26 05:11:59+00:00
From the what if:

> On August 31st, 2010, a diver was servicing the spent fuel pool at the Leibstadt nuclear reactor in Switzerland. He spotted an unidentified length of tubing on the bottom of the pool and radioed his supervisor to ask what to do. He was told to put it in his tool basket, which he did. Due to bubble noise in the pool, he didn’t hear his radiation alarm.

When the tool basket was lifted from the water, the room’s radiation alarms went off. The basket was dropped back in the water and the diver left the pool. The diver’s dosimeter badges showed that he’d received a higher-than-normal whole-body dose, and the dose in his right hand was extremely high.

The object turned out to be protective tubing from a radiation monitor in the reactor core, made highly radioactive by neutron flux. It had been accidentally sheared off while a capsule was being closed in 2006. It sank to a remote corner of the pool floor, where it sat unnoticed for four years.

The tubing was so radioactive that if he’d tucked it into a tool belt or shoulder bag, where it sat close to his body, he could’ve been killed. As it was, the water protected him, and only his hand—a body part more resistant to radiation than the delicate internal organs—received a heavy dose

I love this book. Randall is such a gifted artist
by mandeepj | 2025-10-26 05:12:11+00:00
After wiping out soybean market, now he’s after beef! Asking farmers to reduce prices. Shows again, how clueless he’s about everything!

https://www.cnn.com/2025/10/23/economy/trump-argentina-beef-...

He won last election on a fragile coalition which doesn’t exist anymore today. So, if elections are held today, he’d not only lose but will also get buried deep down.
Tell HN: Don't Vibe Your Design
by davidtranjs | 2025-10-26 05:14:08+00:00
About 5 months ago, I started building studyfoc.us, a study space and Pomodoro-style focus dashboard. It now has 10,000 users. Not huge numbers, but I’ve learned a lot from the journey of building this app.

Here’s what stood out

1. Anonymous login is a must

Most casual users don’t want to sign up just to test your app. If you don’t plan to support anonymous login, Google login is the next best thing. When I added Login as Guest, engagement jumped immediately. People just want to try before committing.

2. Vibe your code, but don’t vibe your design

Claude probably wrote half of my code, but the UI is terrible. I did all the design myself, and honestly, design isn’t that hard once you learn a few basics—spacing, typography, color balance, and small illustrations. Get those right and your website already looks better than most.

3. A community is a must

Without a community, your product feels lifeless. No feedback, no trust. I learned so much from users in my Discord server. Building a community isn’t hard either. Just place a Join Discord button where users can see it. The right users will find you and tell you exactly what they want.

4. Find your users on Reddit

Many people get banned for promoting products because their posts are purely promotional. Instead, share real value and insights, and casually mention your product name without a link. If people are interested, they’ll find it on their own. That’s how I got my first wave of users.

5. Trust is earned slowly

I started charging in September and made $50 that month. In October, I hit $100. Small progress, but it’s growing, and that matters more than anything else.

If you’re building something similar, don’t underestimate how far small design tweaks, community engagement, and honest sharing can take you.

You can check it out here → studyfoc.us
by matheusmoreira | 2025-10-26 05:15:29+00:00
> But adult projects should support Windows imho and consider Windows support from the start.

Hope whatever "adult" is working on the project this is getting paid handsomely. They'd certainly need to pay me big bucks to care about Windows support.

In any case, Linux system call ABI is becoming a lingua franca of systems programming. BSDs have implemented Linux system calls. Windows has straight up included Linux in the system. It looks like simply targeting Linux can easily result in a binary that actually does run anywhere.
by Swizec | 2025-10-26 05:15:54+00:00
> because the scenery changes so damn slowly around you

Have you considered running faster?

But seriously though, I’ve gotten pretty decent at running (3h15min marathon PR) and the difference between hiking a trail and running the same trail is kinda bonkers. These days I can run a trail in 2 hours that took me 6 hours to hike 10 years ago. Hits totally different. The whole dynamic changes.

Hiking feels immensely boring now

PS: If you run fast enough you don’t even notice the scenery.
by antonvs | 2025-10-26 05:18:02+00:00
A black hole, or neutron star, would make much more sense in that scenario than a white dwarf.

A white dwarf smaller than the moon seems unlikely, if not impossible. If it were that small, unless it was in the (fast) process of collapsing to a neutron star, it wouldn't have enough mass to remain that compact.

A neutron star or black hole would work fine, because both can easily have radii much smaller than the Moon's.

Here's an article about that - https://www.fandom.com/articles/moonfall-real-life-astrophys... :

> “There are just so many things wrong with [the idea of a white dwarf inside the moon],” says Romer. “Now, a white dwarf is a very compact object. But, you know — people have heard of neutron stars — neutron stars are ultra-compact objects, they’re a few tens of kilometres across. White dwarfs are actually about the size of a normal star.”

You can come up with scenarios where white dwarfs are much smaller than a star, but smaller than the Moon is iffy at best.

As for the Dyson sphere idea, the biggest problem with it in this scaled-down scenario is stability. You can't exactly support it with struts, or something.

On that subject, I highly recommend the video "dyson spheres are a joke": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLzEX1TPBFM , by astrophysicist Angela Collier. But you need to either watch all 53 minutes, or skip to near the end, to find out just how literal the title is.
by Atiscant | 2025-10-26 05:18:17+00:00
A point that is maybe not obvious to people who have not done mathematics at a high level or done “new” mathematics, is that often you end of changing your theorem or at least lemmas and definitions while figuring out the proof. That is, you have something you want to prove, but maybe it is easier to proving something more general or maybe your definitions need to change slightly. Anecdotally, during a project I spend perhaps a year figuring out exactly the right definition for a problem to be able to prove it. Of course, this was a very new thing. For well-know areas it is often straight forward, but at the frontier, both definitions and theorems often change as your proceed and understand the problem better.
by tombert | 2025-10-26 05:18:40+00:00
I've actually played with Zorin a bit in a virtual machine. It seemed cool enough, and I tried showing my parents screenshots of it to show them how Linux isn't that different than Windows, but they were unconvinced.

I managed to get Winboat working on my NixOS laptop, so it's possible that if I set that up they could deal with it.
by febed | 2025-10-26 05:20:03+00:00
The biggest issue with Windows 11 for me is the noticeable performance lag in basic apps like Notepad and File Explorer. Simple tasks, like opening files or navigating folders, feel sluggish, and I can visibly see windows rendering in slow motion. I’ve heard this might be due to Windows 11’s UI elements being redrawn over lower level UI. I’m considering switching to Linux as my daily driver.
by aw1621107 | 2025-10-26 05:20:28+00:00
This website [0] gives the same numbers (300 CPM -> 500 REM). Seems like a candidate for what was used at the very least, and nothing else obviously appeared to claim a similar CPM -> REM conversion capability.

Assuming this website was used, it looks like it does a naive multiplication by 5/3, which seems... simplistic? The rest of the page doesn't exactly fill me with confidence either. No indication of how the conversion factor was derived and there's a bunch of links to other CPM -> <radiation-related unit> calculators. On top of that, the landing page for the root domain boasts about AI capabilities and their AI page prominently features "Elevate Your Content Creation" and "Generate high-quality AI content with ease!"

[0]: https://www.inayam.co/unit-converter/radioactivity/counts_pe...
by vunderba | 2025-10-26 05:21:30+00:00
Thanks! It's probably the same site. It used to only be a showdown of text-to-image models (Flux, Imagen, Midjourney, etc), but once there was a decent number of image-to-image models (Kontext, Seedream, Nano-Banana) I added a nav bar at the top so I could do similar comparisons for image editing.
by fsckboy | 2025-10-26 05:22:22+00:00
>People assume CTOs who code are either working on pet projects that never ship or doing ceremonial code reviews.

people don't think that. people think CTOs who code may not be doing the leadership, managerial, or biz dev aspects of their job, or something like, why is he called CTO and not "engineer" or "architect" or "lead"?
by radu_floricica | 2025-10-26 05:22:51+00:00
So that's an European thing? huh. We have this in Romania - a couple years back when the war in Ukraine started just as the green deal took effect, the gov started spending like crazy on subsidizing energy. But they did it in a convoluted way with a layer of intermediaries that basically were allowed to invoice the state for price differences from arbitrary price levels. Almost "I'd like to sell at twice the price but you're not letting me, so gimme the difference" - if not exactly that.

I'm not sure if I'm feeling better or worse that it's a EU invention. Either way, it's hellof a corrupt practice.
by godelski | 2025-10-26 05:23:25+00:00
> A CPM value means nothing without additional context

Here to confirm this. If you're googling "CPM" you'll find charts that say different things. That's why you need to read carefully. Better, just chill, it is okay that you don't know. It's nuclear physics. It's not a subject you're expected to know about.

For CPM, what matters is "CPM of <WHAT>"

CPM just tells you the number of particle detection. It does not tell you the particle type (e.g. alpha, beta, gamma) nor the energy level (i.e. eV). Without context, it is meaningless.

As an example, I can confidently say you are getting over 100bn CPM right now. The reason it doesn't matter is that this is neutrinos and they're not interacting with you[0]. 1CPM or 1e20CPM, who cares. Conversely, 1 CPM can be deadly. You definitely don't want to be hit by a single ReV (10^27) proton (good luck producing that though). Context matters.

> This is why the Sievert exists as a unit.

Which still needs context.

Sievert is joule per kilogram. So energy divided per mass, much like pressure is force over area. But determining biological impact still takes interpretation. You have weight factors by particle types (e.g. alpha = 2x beta) and there is also weighting factor for internal/external dose and locations like soft tissue (e.g. higher weighting for dose at throat vs dose at hands).

This is why it is incredibly important to use caution when interpreting radiation values. If you don't have training in this it is incredibly easy to unknowingly make major errors. The little details can dramatically change the outcome. Context is critical.

I'm not here to tell you how to actually do the calculation (you'll need a lot more info), I'm here to tell you that it's not easy and you're likely doing it wrong. The experts are not dumb. You're just missing context and a first order approximation is nowhere near enough for an accurate conclusion. It's nuclear physics lol

It shouldn't need be said, but nuclear physics is, in fact, complicated.

[0] https://neutrinos.fnal.gov/faqs/
by dlcarrier | 2025-10-26 05:24:40+00:00
My city's power company itself has multiple peaking power generators in shipping containers, that it runs because there's isn't enough supply.

Compared to full-size natural gas powerplants they're extremely awful, but they're a necessity when we otherwise wouldn't have reliable power. If it wasn't for NINBYism, we'd have plenty of hydro and nuclear power to meet all of our needs, but with NINBYism the only option is to build smaller, which is also dirtier and less efficient, but avoids the NIMBY blockades.
by sholladay | 2025-10-26 05:25:09+00:00
It’s the largest residential model that Ecoer makes. The home is a 3-bedroom, large but nothing crazy. The installers said they erred on the side of too big, rather than too small, and that’s corroborated by my back-of-the-napkin math and Google searches indicating that “too big” is standard practice in the HVAC industry. So in theory, it shouldn’t be a lack of power. I think it’s poorly optimized. From what I’ve been reading, the pressure in the lines is very important. I have no idea if they are pressurized properly. The unit apparently has sophisticated monitoring of the line pressure, but the IoT gateway has no end-user access which is a huge red flag for me that I wasn’t aware of before it was installed.
by nebula8804 | 2025-10-26 05:27:11+00:00
Yes the party platform contains excellent economic issues that poll high among both Democrats but also Republicans.

The problem is when they are in office the economic policies are immediately tossed aside in favor of social issues and then even those issues become a struggle and we end up with virtue signaling. Voters can only take enough failures until the Democratic "brand" is destroyed among a generation.

>Democrats have long campaigned on raising the minimum wage.

Ok lets take this as an example.

Biden campaigned on it in 2020:

[0]: https://x.com/JoeBiden/status/1303056694360944640 [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6BmQU9ZwlY

Early 2021: Democrats tried to attach a $15 minimum wage to the COVID relief bill (the American Rescue Plan) using the budget reconciliation process.

Feb. 25, 2021: The Senate parliamentarian ruled the $15 provision violated the Byrd Rule so it cant be included in reconciliation

Mar. 5, 2021: Sanders offered an amendment to put $15 back in -> failed with 8 Senate Democrats joining Republicans to block it.

At that point, Biden did not try to overrule the parliamentarian and the Senate did not change the filibuster to pass a standalone wage bill.

So...what ~4 months into office the pledge was tossed in the trash?

I guess Trump has them beat this term in tossing pledges in to the trash but in Trump's first term he actually threw some of his voters a bone and got things done (repealed roe v wade, tried to build the wall etc.)...actually now that I think about it, he is actually making his most vile voters happy (deportations and increased problems for his voters enemies I guess?) but the "America first" stuff hasn't panned out yet...those voters are unhappy.

When it came time to raise the debt ceiling during Biden's term(ie. to help the donor class), all of a sudden there is no problem whatsoever.

Repeat this over decades and for every issue that could help normal Americans boom you end up where we are.