MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by cthalupa | 2025-10-24 15:57:43+00:00
Biden's son had committed and was convicted of a petty crime that is basically never enforced.

The pardon was sweeping.

You seem to be arguing semantics. I care about what his son actually did. If someone is sitting in jail for a marijuana conviction, and gets a blanket pardon, I am going to say they were pardoned for the marijuana conviction, not for some theorized other crime.
by mainecoder | 2025-10-24 15:57:54+00:00
Well I agree than Gold will have the ultimate endurance but for now the Dollar is backed by US Military. As long as the Military is Strong the US economy is guaranteed to at least be better than the median of developed nations there has not been real economic reasons for war yet but as soon as there is the economic reasons become politicized and that will serve as a pretext for taking the resources.
by markx2 | 2025-10-24 15:57:56+00:00
"WordPress maker Automattic" arguable.

"without properly giving back to the open source community." The GPL does not require this

"and claimed to its customers that it had committed 5% of its resources to support the WordPress ecosystem. Automattic says it never kept those promises." So what?

"Automattic also claims that WP Engine degraded the consumer experience and product quality in an attempt to cut costs during this time by removing essential features." So what?
by vlowther | 2025-10-24 15:57:59+00:00
Only if you are doing in-place updates. If append-only datastores are your jam, writes via mmap are Just Fine:

$ go test -v === RUN TestChunkOps chunk_test.go:26: Checking basic persistence and Store expansion. chunk_test.go:74: Checking close and reopen read-only chunk_test.go:106: Checking that readonly blocks write ops chunk_test.go:116: Checking Clear chunk_test.go:175: Checking interrupted write --- PASS: TestChunkOps (0.06s) === RUN TestEncWriteSpeed chunk_test.go:246: Wrote 1443 MB/s chunk_test.go:264: Read 5525.418751 MB/s --- PASS: TestEncWriteSpeed (1.42s) === RUN TestPlaintextWriteSpeed chunk_test.go:301: Wrote 1693 MB/s chunk_test.go:319: Read 10528.744206 MB/s --- PASS: TestPlaintextWriteSpeed (1.36s) PASS
by jasonthorsness | 2025-10-24 15:58:11+00:00
I’ve been learning Rust via the book and a great article I found on linked lists [1]. Coming from C++ the lifetimes/borrows concepts make sense at a high level but the practical details seem to get pretty crazy. If anyone here knows Rust well does the OP article have a good take or is it missing something?

[1] https://rust-unofficial.github.io/too-many-lists/
by floxy | 2025-10-24 15:58:12+00:00
>I'm also wondering how such a thing is supposed to communicate back to us over dozens of light years.

Just spit-balling here. Send out the first batch of probes and then 5 years later send another batch of probes. The first batch of probes does their surveying for 5 years, when the later batch of probes start arriving. The data is uploaded to the late-comers, who aren't on an intercept course. Instead they are on a trajectory that causes them to swing around the black hole, and head on back to earth with the data.
by declan_roberts | 2025-10-24 15:58:21+00:00
I've spoken to people about starting a Tesla EV battery replacement business here. Battery replacement on a Tesla is a pretty simple process that can be done by one person in about 4 hours.

The problem is that it's still really hard to get your hands on salvage Tesla batteries. Enthusiasts and hackers snatch them up quickly and the used price is not very competitive with a new EV replacement from Tesla.
by johnisgood | 2025-10-24 15:58:40+00:00
> If someone doesn’t know iptables, they probably are not required to know it.

That makes no sense. Just because I do not know X, it does not necessarily follow that I am not required to know it, not at all. I might need it for my job, or my future job. I might need it for a Linux distribution I just installed, and so forth. Or perhaps I am already using iptables, but I do not know it.
by cwizou | 2025-10-24 15:59:17+00:00
That's super cool, congrats on releasing it ! It's a feature that some people periodically ask me to add in Aerial, but I never got to it. Piping from yt-dlp to AVFoundation is definitely the way to go.

I was gonna warn you about a bug in macOS 15+ where your screensaver stays around after you go back to the desktop, but for some reason your code seems to avoid that issue. I'm not quite sure how, as you don't hook stopAnimation or any event apart from the deinit. But it works, so, massive kudos, I'll have to try and understand why !
by amiga386 | 2025-10-24 15:59:24+00:00
> Please describe to us how you do dependency management with C.

PKG_CHECK_MODULES([libfoo], [libfoo >= 1.2.3]) AC_CHECK_HEADER([foo.h], ,[AC_MSG_ERROR([Cannot find foo header])]) AC_CHECK_LIB([foo],[foo_open], ,[AC_MSG_ERROR([Cannot find foo library])])

There are additionally versioning standards for shared objects, so you can have two incompatible versions of a library live side-by-side on a system, and binaries can link to the one they're compatible with.
by ortusdux | 2025-10-24 15:59:46+00:00
A lot of work goes into minimizing cavitation in marine systems as it tends to waste energy and cause damage to propellers. That being said, there has been a lot of research lately into using sustained cavitation to purify and distil water. The energy released can be enough to boil water, kill pathogens, and generate free radicals to further sterilize the water.

https://iwaponline.com/wst/article/86/2/302/89569/Hydrodynam...
by Nextgrid | 2025-10-24 16:01:47+00:00
USB-C connectors are much less reliable than their predecessors due to their design though. I have several connectors that failed, either they no longer grip the cable securely or they just lose contact randomly.

I'm sure it's handy for mobile devices where size and versatility trumps everything, but on laptop/desktop machines where longer-term usage is expected I would prefer something more reliable.
by criddell | 2025-10-24 16:02:02+00:00
> $1m is just not a big target anymore

Yes it is. The percentage of developers in the App Store who make more than $1 million per year is tiny.

According to this analysis[1], it's a single digit percentage. Hardly anybody pays 30%.

[1]:https://sensortower.com/blog/app-store-revenue-share-analysi...
by netbioserror | 2025-10-24 16:02:16+00:00
First-gen 50-year-old open source suffers from a first-mover problem of not knowing how people will use the thing. Thus, 50 years later, we end up with multiple-gigabyte distributions and messy, inconsistent syntactic approaches to hack together what people want and need.

Typst has 50 years of accumulated TeX experiences to learn from, and fit everything people actually want to use into a 45M binary, and maybe you'll download a few dozen K of package scripts.

I have used it for much more than academic publishing (book, brochure, and even card layout) and it's hands-down the best tool ever made for producing documents of any imaginable kind. Procedurally producing layouts from first-class JSON and CSV support is bliss.
by Gormo | 2025-10-24 16:02:50+00:00
> If the company is a sole proprietorship, you can sue the person who controls it up to bankruptcy, which will affect their personal life significantly.

I'm sure it will. But how do you collect $30M in damages from a single individual whose entire net worth is e.g. $1M? What if the sole proprietor actually owns no assets whatsoever, because he's set up a bunch of arrangements where he leases everything from third parties, and contracts out his business operations to a different set of third parties, etc.?

I don't get why so many people are so intent on trying to attribute the motivations to maximize one's own take, deflect blame for harm away from themselves, and cover up their questionable activities to some specific organizational model. All of those motivations come from the human beings involved -- they were always present and always will be -- and those same human beings will manipulate whatever rules or institutions are involved to the greatest extent that they can.

Blaming a particular organizational model for the malicious intentions of the people who are just using that model as a tool is a deep, deep error.

> If you're an individual you actually can't just set up an LLC to limit your own liability.

What are you talking about? Of course you can. People do it all the time.

> rather as the owner you need to find and employ enough judgement-proof patsies that the whole thing becomes a "group project" and you can say you personally weren't aware of whatever problem gave rise to liability.

You're conflating entirely unrelated concepts of liability here. Limited liability as it relates to LLCs and corporations is for financial liability. It means that the organizations debts are not the shareholders' debts. It has nothing to do with legal liability for one's own purposeful conduct, whether tortious or criminal.

The kind of liability protection that you think corporations enjoy but single-member LLCs don't -- protection from the liability for individual criminal behavior -- does not exist for anyone at all.

> A person or group of people who want to exercise their personal natural rights through hired employees can always forgo the government-created liability shield and go sole proprietorship / gen partnership.

The ownership structure of a business has nothing at all to do with how it hires employees and directs their activities. The same law of agency and doctrine of vicarious liability applies to all agent-principal relationships regardless of whether the principal is a corporation or a sole proprietorship.
by redwood | 2025-10-24 16:03:09+00:00
This is a ridiculous statement on so many levels... on the one hand it's true that culturally folks are more likely to look after their family members. But there's plenty of people who have not had kids and severe alcoholism as well. I've seen plenty of homeless on the streets of Beijing and many years ago too.. more importantly there's hundreds of millions of people who live precarious lives.
by CharlesW | 2025-10-24 16:03:25+00:00
This story is not about developers, but setting that aside: The reason it's not damning is that the results can't be generalized. It's mostly self-reported "minutes per issue" anecdata by 16 experienced OSS maintainers working on their own, mature repos, most of whom were new to Cursor and did not a chance to develop or adopt frameworks for AI-assisted development.
by gwillen85 | 2025-10-24 16:03:39+00:00
<agentml xmlns="github.com/agentflare-ai/agentml" datamodel="ecmascript"> <state id="respond"> <openai:generate model="grok-4-fast-reasoning" promptexpr="`continue: ${conversationHistory(10)}`" location="_event"/> <transition event="done" target="send"/> </state> <state id="send"> <send event="output" data="_event.data"/> <transition target="respond"/> </state> </agentml>

AgentML is an open-source XML language for building deterministic AI agents. Write once, run anywhere.

The problem: LLM agents are flaky, locked to specific frameworks, and nearly impossible to debug or audit.

The fix: Declare agent behavior in XML using state machines. State transitions are explicit, outputs are schema-bound, execution is traceable.

Key features:

* No hallucinated tool calls (structured outputs only)

* Built-in memory (SQLite + graph storage)

* 80% fewer tokens via runtime snapshots

* CLI: amlx validate, amlx run

* Swap models freely (OpenAI, Grok, Ollama)

Install: curl -fsSL sh.agentml.dev | sh

Run: amlx run chat.aml

Runtime: Go/WASM (agentmlx). Coming soon: LangGraph export, Python SDK.

GitHub: https://github.com/agentflare-ai/agentml

Docs + Demo: https://www.agentml.dev/

What's your biggest agent pain point - framework lock-in, debugging, or compliance?
by skeeter2020 | 2025-10-24 16:03:52+00:00
You're focusing on a game with player vs. house odds, like a casino. Online betting platforms do offer some of these games but they are clearing markets for gambling; they manipualte the odds to arbitrage wagering and take a cut regardless of the outcome. It's all about volume. If you make a huge wager on a long-odds parlay, they no longer look the same for the next (or other side) of that specific (or components of the) wager.
by gavinsyancey | 2025-10-24 16:03:54+00:00
This is false. Per the asahi project, https://asahilinux.org/docs/platform/security/#apples-unspok...

> When documenting the security model, Apple use the example of an XNU kernel developer wishing to test their changes on a second macOS installation. It is apparent however that the platform security model was engineered to allow third party operating systems to coexist with macOS in a way that does not compromise any of Apple's security guarantees for macOS itself. *Rumours circulating that Apple are actively hostile towards efforts such as Asahi, or that their security must be bypassed or jailbroken to run untrusted code are unfounded and false*. In fact, Apple have expended effort and time on _improving_ their security tooling in ways that _only_ improve the execution of non-macOS binaries.

Regarding Framework laptops being "Macs for Linux," Frameworks are fantastic in their own way but they don't come anywhere near the build quality (or battery life) you get with a Mac.
by philistine | 2025-10-24 16:04:08+00:00
The various Hackintosh projects are on life support not because the interest for that kind of thing has died; it's because Apple doubled down on chain-of-trust and is abandoning x86.

Apple made it impossible to use iMessage on a Hackintosh without spoofing another Mac that's not in use. That pushed A LOT of people away from using a Hackintosh.

The second thing is abandoning x86. Apple has already announced that macOS 26 is the last release to support their Intel machines. That means that next year, there will be no way to run the latest macOS on any Intel machine. That's basically the end date for all these projects, as the Hackintosh crowd has always been about running the latest version of the OS. They're not interested in running System 7!
by redwood | 2025-10-24 16:04:50+00:00
I'm reminded of how the New York City subway continues to rely on parts that it essentially cannot replace... similarly how the rail system in India essentially involves maintaining what the British left behind since a lot of the pieces can't easily be upgraded or replaced.

To be clear in both cases upgrades and maintainability would be possible but requires concerted effort to modernize with a long term mindset
by JCM9 | 2025-10-24 16:04:53+00:00
I think it raises the bar on what’s needed to be a designer, but I don’t think it replaces the need for a designer.

I’d draw parallels to web design. Yes some frameworks made it incredibly easy for anyone to whip up a decent looking professional site. But then 95% of websites were the same boring single page scroll nonsense with some fancy CSS. It checks a box but isn’t notable. If you hire a designer to do something truly original then you can stand out.

It will be the same with AI where “good enough to check the box” becomes easy, but going beyond that still requires skill and experience.
by pavel_lishin | 2025-10-24 16:05:01+00:00
I've come down pretty hard on friends who, when I ask for advice about something, come back with a ChatGPT snippet (mostly D&D-related, not work-related).

I know ChatGPT exists. I could have fucking copied-and-pasted my question myself. I'm not asking you to be the interface between me and it. I'm asking you, what you think, what your thoughts and opinions are.
by WillAdams | 2025-10-24 16:05:06+00:00
Anyone using this for Literate Programming?

A quick search found:

https://github.com/litProgTypst/ (which I'm mystified by)

and

https://github.com/denkspuren/typst_programming (which hasn't been updated in two years)

Not seeing anything specific at: https://typst.app/docs/reference/scripting

I need to re-write my current project https://github.com/WillAdams/gcodepreview again --- maybe this would be a good fit? The unique feature I am taking advantage of is writing out code blocks in separate files, then concatenating them using .lua so there's no differentiation betwixt tangle/weave, both happen, and since it's Python, no need for a compile step either.
by einsteinx2 | 2025-10-24 16:05:08+00:00
I’ve noticed this trend in comments across the internet. Someone will ask or say something, the someone else will reply with “I asked ChatGPT and it says…” or “According to AI…”

ChatGPT is free and available to everyone, and so are a dozen other LLMs. If the person making the comment wanted to know what ChatGPT had to say, they could just ask it themselves. I guess people feel like they’re being helpful, but I just don’t get it.

Though with that said, I’m happy when they at least say it’s from an LLM. At least then I know I can ignore It. Worse is replying as if it’s their own answer, but really it’s just copy pasted from an LLM. Those are more insidious.
by NoLinkToMe | 2025-10-24 16:05:09+00:00
> Trump is a very twisted person, and this makes the US look bad, but the underlying crime was "compliance."

Yes.

If a CEO of any major US or EU bank would overnight decide to terminate its mere 'compliance' program, they would absolutely get convinced.

Big banks spend more than $1 billion each a year on compliance, i.e. abiding by the law. CEOs of banks that don't, get convinced, period.

It's like saying hospitals have been hiring people without credentials as doctors, or airlines hiring people with no credentials as pilots etc etc, and they were convinced for this 'compliance' issue, even though the case did not (try to) determine victims, criminal history or fraud. Yes, that's absolutely normal.

Financial institutions must put in place measures to prevent money laundering, if they don't, they get convinced, even without having to determine whether money laundering took place. Just like a hospital gets convinced if it knowingly as a policy hires people as doctors without credentials, even without having to determine if there were victims. This is completely normal.
by QueensGambit | 2025-10-24 16:05:41+00:00
I’ve updated my article (replaced GPT-5 with ChatGPT-5 in this section):

When you ask the latest model, ChatGPT-5 to multiply two large numbers, it doesn't calculate. It generates Python code, executes it in a sandbox, and returns the result. Unlike ChatGPT-3, which at least attempted arithmetic internally (and often failed), ChatGPT-5 delegates computation to external tools. [1]

And added this note:

[1] There are 2 ways to multiply numbers in GPT-5:

- Python mode, which uses python sandbox as mentioned above

- No tool mode, which uses internal reasoning

Python mode is approximately 2x more accurate than no tool mode in FrontierMath (26.3% vs 13.5% accuracy on expert level math). Python mode is also 4x to 10x more cost effective than no tool mode. The GPT-5 API uses no-tool mode by default (tools must be explicitly enabled in API calls), while ChatGPT UI likely uses Python mode by default since Advanced Data Analysis is enabled by default for all Plus, Team, and Enterprise subscribers. This creates a significant cost optimization for OpenAI in the consumer product, while API users bear the full cost of inefficient reasoning unless they manually configure tool use.

---

Thanks again for flagging the inaccuracy, Simon! If you think any part of this update still misrepresents the model behavior, I’d love your input.
by philbe77 | 2025-10-24 16:06:08+00:00
hi djhworld. The 5s does not include the download/materialization step. That parts takes the worker about 1 to 2 minutes for this data set. I didn't know that this was going on HackerNews or would be this popular - I will try to get more solid stats on that part, and update the blog accordingly.

You can have GizmoEdge reference cloud (remote) data as well, but of course that would be slower than what I did for the challenge here...

The data is on disk - on locally mounted NVMe on each worker - in the form of a DuckDB database file (once the worker has converted it from parquet). I originally kept the data in parquet, but the duckdb format was about 10 to 15% faster - and since I was trying to squeeze every drop of performance - I went ahead and did that...

Thanks for the questions.

GizmoEdge is not production yet - this was just to demonstrate the art of the possible. I wanted to divide-and-conquer a huge dataset with a lot of power...
by pdimitar | 2025-10-24 16:06:09+00:00
I view `uutils` as a good opportunity to get rid of legacy baggage that might be used by just 0.03% of the community but has to sit there and it impedes certain feature adding or bug fixing.

F.ex. `sudo-rs` does not support most of what the normal `sudo` does... and it turned out that most people did not need most of `sudo` in the first place.

Less code leads to less bugs.
Show HN: Convert2PDF API – Convert, Compress, and Capture PDFs and Images
by convert2pdfapi | 2025-10-24 16:06:13+00:00
Hey HN

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We’ve made a Playground to test all APIs without writing code or creating an account.

https://convert2pdfapi.com?utm_source=hackernews&utm_medium=...

Why we built it

While working on a client project, we needed an API to convert reports from HTML and URLs to PDF.

Most existing tools were either too limited, expensive, or required browser setups.

So we built a lightweight, hosted alternative that’s easy to integrate into SaaS apps and automation workflows.

Feedback

We’re still in beta and would love feedback — especially from devs who’ve dealt with PDF generation or automation before.

Also curious what kind of pricing or usage model feels right for such an API.

Thanks for checking it out!
by lenerdenator | 2025-10-24 16:06:14+00:00
Honestly, I almost wish there was a push to get Apple to be more open on their OS code instead of trying to get Linux to support Apple Silicon. MacOS is a BSD of sorts, after all.

While it'd be nice to be able to run Linux on my M2 MBP someday when Apple stops supporting it, ultimately, the reason many (but not all) power users buy Macs is because they want the UNIX/UNIX-like work done for them and for it to run on fast hardware. If I want something more customizable, I'm barking up the wrong hardware tree.

Does that solve the question of "what do I do with this Mac that no longer gets updates?"? No, but most people either list theirs for sale to someone who isn't as bothered by that, or trade it in at an Apple Store for credit towards the new shiny.
by maxlin | 2025-10-24 16:06:17+00:00
Given how integrated Drive and Docs are, if this doesn't have docs-like collaborative realtime document editing, for many people this is like "30% of Google Drive"

For people whose UX is dragging and dropping stuff to browser, and/or using a desktop sync client only, sure why not, the UI looks clean and familiar. But as someone who has used and still uses like 3 different similar things concurrently, the only real reason I use drive is because of the seamless zero-dependency office-like web software being part of the product.

(yes I know it's a curse too, I ended up writing a piece of software just to migrate company drive stuff to my personal drive when a company I was a cofounder in went bust to have a record ... those google docs can really only exist in Drive natively, any export is an immediate downgrade)
by Mabusto | 2025-10-24 16:06:20+00:00
Design is one of those things that succeeds or fails in subtlety and both are difficult to quantify and back propagate through any sort of process, let alone training a model. The same way we figured out that the microwave can make approximations to good food quickly, so too shall we see that AI can do the same with tasks that rely heavily on a connection to people's aesthetics.