MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by slacktivism123 | 2025-10-14 17:06:30+00:00
>Just not the GPT-5 series! My experiments so far put Gemini 2.5 at the top of the pack, to the point where I'd almost trust it for some tasks

Got it. The non-experts are holding it wrong!

The laymen are told "just use the app" or "just use the website". No need to worry about API keys or routers or wrapper scripts that way!

Sure.

Yet the laymen are expected to maintain a mental model of the failure modes and intended applications of Grok 4 vs Grok 4 Fast vs Gemini 2.5 Pro vs GPT-4.1 Mini vs GPT-5 vs Claude Sonnet 4.5...

It's a moving target. The laymen read the marketing puffery around each new model release and think the newest model is even more capable.

"This model sounds awesome. OpenAI does it again! Surely it can OCR my invoice PDFs this time!"

I mean, look at it:

GPT‑5 not only outperforms previous models on benchmarks and answers questions more quickly, but—most importantly—is more useful for real-world queries. GPT‑5 is our best model yet for health-related questions, empowering users to be informed about and advocate for their health. The model scores significantly higher than any previous model on HealthBench , an evaluation we published earlier this year based on realistic scenarios and physician-defined criteria. GPT‑5 is much smarter across the board, as reflected by its performance on academic and human-evaluated benchmarks, particularly in math, coding, visual perception, and health. It sets a new state of the art across math (94.6% on AIME 2025 without tools), real-world coding (74.9% on SWE-bench Verified, 88% on Aider Polyglot), multimodal understanding (84.2% on MMMU), and health (46.2% on HealthBench Hard) The model excels across a range of multimodal benchmarks, spanning visual, video-based, spatial, and scientific reasoning. Stronger multimodal performance means ChatGPT can reason more accurately over images and other non-text inputs—whether that’s interpreting a chart, summarizing a photo of a presentation, or answering questions about a diagram.

And on and on it goes...
by throwup238 | 2025-10-14 17:07:14+00:00
> How would you go about regulating an open source medical device? The user can just plop whatever software on there that they want, and ultrasound themselves wherever… play with resonance and focusing, right?

The manufacturer will still need to validate their own firmware and subsequent updates. Whether it’s open source or not doesn’t matter because a huge part of the approval process is quality control tied to a specific manufacturer.

Anyone who plops their own software will be liable for the consequences and I doubt malpractice insurance would allow it in the vast majority of cases.
by madethemcry | 2025-10-14 17:07:49+00:00
I missed the "About" link in the footer but still found my way to the repo [1], where the project is briefly explained including a ton of great example images. Thanks for that!

> This website (technology demo) allows you to aggregate and visualize massive amounts of air traffic data. The data is hosted in a ClickHouse database and queried on the fly. You can tune the visualizations with custom SQL queries and drill-down from 50 billion records to individual data records.

[1] https://github.com/ClickHouse/adsb.exposed/
by grues-dinner | 2025-10-14 17:07:51+00:00
Lots of that design can be fairly easily automated: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hwzz-96WliU. And that's without all the "fancy" robotics like arms and so on that is only dropping in price and rising in usability.

Factory automation design as a service is already a huge sector but it can get a lot bigger. Of course the capital barrier to entry to standing up a factory for some widget will go up, but the unit price might not. It remains to be seen how far into the low-end, low-volume, high-SKU-count that process will reach. Maybe things like standard-ish robotic cells will allow agility in the factory. If being able to make one-off parts in a highly data-driven factory is Industry 4.0, maybe that's Industry 5.0!

Presumably it will become less possible to spin up production of, say, a whole new design of a speaker in a few days with some new tasks for the workers and some rejigging of basic machines, but it sounds like a sector that will see some interesting progress in the next 50 years.
Ask HN: Open framework for generating thumbnails on untrusted files?
by dafelst | 2025-10-14 17:07:57+00:00
Hi HN - for part of a project I'm working on, I need to generate previews/thumbnails of files that may be untrusted. This would be across a variety of file types (the usual suspects like graphics files, documents, video), but also ideally is easily extended with downloadable "handlers" such that more obscure file types can be handled at run-time. Ideally the result is cross-platform in that it can be run on windows/linux/osx clients, but also on server infra (e.g. cloudflare workers).

I have searched the web and github (and had ChatGPT do that too) and while there are some frameworks out there like `preview-generator` in the python ecosystem and `thumbnailator`, they all seem to shell out to native handlers. While native handlers are all well and good and there are good examples for extensible plugin systems with native code, it does complicate things for runtime extensibility.

My initial thought was to define a simple function API and have the "handlers" implemented in WebAssembly such that they can be loaded and runtime and effectively sandboxed, one shot stream processors.

Does anyone know if anything project like this already exists, or does anyone have any advice?
by ellg | 2025-10-14 17:08:05+00:00
You're right, and I didnt mean to sound dismissive of the great work that has been put into wireshark. I agree with you on the refactoring comment, and if that's something that can be solved in the current codebase and something I can help contribute towards with donations I would be perfectly fine with this outcome as well.

As it stands though, using the gui bits of the wireshark family of tools is just painful, and slow (as you stated)
by otterley | 2025-10-14 17:09:13+00:00
The victim was white. Thus the relevant statistic is whether you'd be more likely to be murdered by a white person than a black one. (It's also quite probable that white perpetrators are undercounted, as these are based on conviction rates.)

You can't necessarily see whether someone is wealthy (although poor people tend not to wear expensive clothing or carry expensive items on them). I'm also not aware of a reliable source of statistical information about homicide perpetrators based on the perpetrator's wealth.
by itopaloglu83 | 2025-10-14 17:09:38+00:00
Preamble; I do not support the restrictions China imposed on free market.

I think China is complaining about changing the rules retrospectively when they become successful in a field. But I’m not following how this is any different than French subsidies or limitations on farming products from Ukraine.

If they’re abusing the system, which I presume we all can agree that they do, why don’t we force them to play by the rules, or do we not like losing so we keep changing the rules when somebody else starts to win.

Again, I wouldn’t allow such vital industries from medical equipments to military tech to be outsourced to this level. It was silly to begin with.
by HeyLaughingBoy | 2025-10-14 17:10:21+00:00
We still do. I think the Service Life of a Toyota Landcruiser is still 25 years. As a software developer, I've written control code for instruments that are expected to be on the market for at least 15-20 years from initial release and we have to plan Support and spare parts accordingly.

It's just that the fast-paced, built to last 6 months stuff gets all the good press.
by rustystump | 2025-10-14 17:10:44+00:00
Oh no it ran out of disk space because of bug! I will run a command on that instance to free it rather than fix bug. Oh no error now happens half of the time better debug for hours only to find out someone only fixed a single instance…

I will never understand the argument for cloud other than bragging rights about burning money and saving money which never shoulda been burning to begin with.
by drdaeman | 2025-10-14 17:11:42+00:00
I don't understand the argument here. Both can be true, as those two statements don't really conflict:

1. Longer sentences could have no effect on crime rates.

2. Persecuting people for crimes lowers crime rates.

Honestly, to me it reads as "law enforcement is a good idea, prolonged incarceration is questionable".
by seec | 2025-10-14 17:12:00+00:00
Yep. My brother actually has a Surface Book. It's a pretty cool device but severely let down by the hardware. The separation of the GPU is actually a problem and not something I find worthwhile but they didn't have a choice to enable good performance. But it's actually not relevant today, at least for Apple. They have a perfectly fine chip that they put in their Pro iPad that is good enough for most tasks with quite good performance. No separation needed.

The Surface Book is a 9 years old device at this point. I think it's the Microsoft curse, they have a good idea but launch it half-baked and lose interest. They didn't control the most important piece of the stack anyway: the silicon. Nowadays with the Snapdragon chips they would have a chance at making something much better, but they failed too early, made a weird compromise with the Surface Laptop Studio (wasn't too bad but too expensive for the compromises) and then gave up. They focus on the Surface Pro which isn't too bad because unlike Apple they actually allow a full fat OS to run and it's not a very good tablet (at least in the media consumption sense) but it makes for a pretty decent laptop.

Of course, you have to deal with Windows and it's not as efficient as an iPad would be.

For the 13" tablet market the appeal is really easy: it can be a notepad that you draw on, you can annote document directly, write equation/diagrams/whatever with the stylus and at the same time it can be a laptop by just snapping a keyboard base to it. The major problem is the software: ideally you want to be able to use "full-fat computer OS" software when bolted on to the keyboard but at the same time enable touch centric usage when used as a notepad/tablet.

Apple could very much do it: they already enable running iPad apps on macOS, they would just need to figure out a layer on top of macOS that would enable usage of touch for the relevant apps without needing to convert the full OS to be touch ready. Just like they did back in the days with Front Row, to enable media center usage out of a regular Mac.

I'm pretty sure they already know how to solve most of the problems (maybe they even have prototypes) but I believe they won't because it is not in their interest profit wise.
by paganel | 2025-10-14 17:12:01+00:00
Milk and yogurt certainly are, also bread, also lots of food stuff. As far as I know almost no country has gone isolationist on that (with a few exceptions, such as China, which is at least trying).

One can win a grand war without access to uranium, but you need access to bread and milk if you don’t want to repeat Germany’s WW1 fate.
by rpdillon | 2025-10-14 17:12:21+00:00
I have no special information, but the reason I pay for Fastmail is that they don't give me any of the indications that most companies do that they'll trend towards enshittifying. The main factors that lead me to think the risk is low are:

* Despite a buyout by Opera, the company's employees bought it back in 2013. This indicates passion.

* They're privately held, so they don't have to chase quarterly earnings reports; they can focus on the product instead of the stock price.

* They've been operating in the email domain for 25 years, and their other products (TopicBox, POBox) are in the same realm technically. This isn't a company randomly throwing ideas at the wall to make money.

* They charge customers for their product, so they are not looking for a revenue stream, they already have one.

I'm also highly vigilant for companies that will screw me, but Fastmail is way at one end of my risk spectrum because of the above points. I would be astonished if they would risk alienating their core audience by shifting focus away from a good email service...after all, that's their core competency.
by notmyjob | 2025-10-14 17:13:15+00:00
I’m prone to agreement however I would also point out publication bias is a thing, and incentives at the HHS are similar to the “publish or parish” dynamic that drives publication bias. Given that, one can imagine how a skeptical orientation could in fact be useful on occasion to insect a sort of reform that’s analogous to what happened in psychology in the midst of the so called replication crisis. Again, with respect to circumcision I’m probably biased, but certainly not an outlier.
by xisnextbigthing | 2025-10-14 17:13:16+00:00
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by GuB-42 | 2025-10-14 17:13:19+00:00
How about stellar mass black holes?

They are much lighter than 1 million solar masses and we know a few of them, with a variety of ways to detect them, including companion stars orbiting around them and gravitational waves during mergers.

Black holes fit the definition of dark matter, as they neither emit nor absorb electromagnetic radiation, not in a way that could be detected anyways. This is the "MACHO" theory of dark matter, which is not the favorite, but it is still taken seriously. Stellar mass black holes have been ruled out, I think, but it doesn't mean dark matter can't be made of black holes. In fact, primordial black holes are a rather hot theory.
by CamperBob2 | 2025-10-14 17:13:49+00:00
My understanding is that the Jetson Thor is just as good a platform, and likely more readily available.

Then there's the Mac Studio, which outdoes them in all respects except FP8 and FP4 support. As someone on Reddit put it: https://old.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/comments/1n0xoji/why_can...
by 1718627440 | 2025-10-14 17:14:08+00:00
The don't really need to order employees of the company, they can just do it. Either by completely owning a CA or by just going in and doing it. If it should be hidden, they can do it as part of an unrelated warrant.

> the CA would be immediately distrusted by browsers, not as punishment but to deter state actors.

Do you think browsers operate outside of states?

> Compelling by the state to do something that destroys a company is illegal in many jurisdictions

How would it destroy the company? It might affect reputation, but as long as it wasn't the company doing it on its own, they can just claim to be the victim (, which they are). It will only affect the company, if is becomes public knowledge, which the state actor doesn't want anyway. I don't think reputation to not respond to legal warrants is protected by the law. Also for example the USA is famous for installing malware on other countries head of state.

Honestly this is the kind of law enforcement, which is fair in my opinion. It is much more preferable to mandated scanning (EU Chat Control), making the knowledge or selling of math illegal or sabotaging public encryption standards. No general security is undermined. It's just classic breaking in into some system and intercepting. Granted I think states shouldn't do it outside of their jurisdiction, but that is basically intelligence services fighting with each other.
by xisnextbigthing | 2025-10-14 17:14:23+00:00
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by kryllic | 2025-10-14 17:14:24+00:00
> On desktop, Firefox now includes Perplexity, an AI-powered answer engine built into the browser.

Pleasantly surprised this isn't Gemini, considering Google's involvement with Mozilla, thought I suspect that may have been a bit too heavy-handed of them, plus this version also ships with Google Lens so that would be a lot of Google product being added to their browser.

I'm glad browser flavors like Zen exist, but I do hope for a future of more modular browser design that is accessible to the user where they can pick components they want and do not want. A bit sad the most customization the average user can do is light reskinning of their browser.
by xenadu02 | 2025-10-14 17:14:36+00:00
> you are being generous. Tesla's software "mistakes" have killed several people.

Citation needed.

In the early days of autopilot/FSD most of the fatalities were people doing stupid things like watching a movie or sleeping in the back seat. That's why it now has to monitor your face with a camera to detect whether or not you are watching the road - to stop people from being idiots.

However we must acknowledge that any change in the automotive space is going to lead to problems and some percentage of those are going to cause injuries. That is the nature of cars. They do not have the certification standards of aircraft nor the training of pilots. They can't and they won't.

It is also inevitable that autonomous driving is going to make different mistakes than a person would make. On a miles-driven basis it still produces fewer accidents and injuries than human drivers.
by Retric | 2025-10-14 17:15:20+00:00
Specifics are worth talking about. I just felt it unfair to complain about raising the bar when you didn’t initially reach it.

In your own worlds: “You asked for a single anecdote of llms getting better at daily tasks.”

Which is already less specific than their request: “i'd love to hear tangible ways it's actually better.”

Saying “is getting better for accomplishing the real world tasks I ask of it” brings nothing to a discussion and was the kind of vague statement that they were initially complaining about. If LLM’s are really improving it’s not a major hurdle to say something meaningful about what specific is getting better. /tilting at windmills
by ta1243 | 2025-10-14 17:15:30+00:00
You don't have to use the same system for the higher risk ballots.

A foreign state isn't going to spend millions trying to subvert the vote for the head of "Wyoming School Board 45".

When I was at university our student elections were done on computer. 20 years ago. Nobody really cared about them, it was perfectly reasonable, you'd only have to bribe/threaten 3 people to make the result whatever you wanted.

If you put the national election in the hands of 3 people though, then you have a major problem.
by bitpush | 2025-10-14 17:15:58+00:00
How do you square this with Apple's pushback few years back against FBI who asked for a specific individual's details.

I'm not taking sides, but it sounds like if ChatGPT cooperating with LE is a Good Thing (TM), then Apple making a public spectacle of how they are not going to cooperate is .. bad?

I'm fully aware that Apple might not even be able to provide them the information, which is a separate conversation.
by testdelacc1 | 2025-10-14 17:16:02+00:00
I read a book about the immune system and it’s actually insane how much tech debt there is in there. We have several systems, each one built a hundred million years after the previous one. Each one targets the kind of threats that were prevalent then but are still there because they haven’t completely disappeared. So much complexity, and systems can go haywire so easily - autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions and so on.

And yet, like a startup that found product market fit with a garbage tech stack, this pile of jenga spaghetti is still going strong. Complexity doesn’t matter, people dying because they looked at a peanut doesn’t matter - ultimately this spaghetti works well enough to get humans to where we are today.
by nerdjon | 2025-10-14 17:16:06+00:00
> I still dislike the term "hallucinations". It comes across like the model did something wrong. It did not, as factually wrong outputs happen per design.

While I do see the issue with the word hallucination providing a humanization to the models, I have yet to come up or see a word that so well explains the problem to non technical people. And quite frankly those are the people that need to understand that this problem still very much exists and is likely never going away.

Technically yeah the model is doing exactly what it is supposed to do and you could argue that all of its output is "hallucination". But for most people the idea of a hallucinated answer is easy enough to understand without diving into how the systems work, and just confusing them more.
by potato3732842 | 2025-10-14 17:17:25+00:00
This sort of revisionist history helps nobody. It wasn't a "might" it was an "all but certainly". The election of Lincoln was kind of the nail in the coffin for slavery because it meant that the anti slavery interests would at least be able to do something that ended slavery if not immediately then at some point in the future via the votes from the new free states being incorporated from the territories.

Now, it would've been a lot nicer if they didn't start a war over it, but slavery was done for one way or another and everyone knew it.
by ryandrake | 2025-10-14 17:17:38+00:00
One can't time the market, though. Every time in the past, where I thought to myself, "I should diversify away from the US stock market," when I looked back and did the math, I would have lost more money doing that than leaving it invested. The only way I would have come out ahead was if I sold everything the exact right month in 2000, the exact right month in 2008, and the exact right month in 2020. Who knows in advance what that correct month is?
by seec | 2025-10-14 17:18:19+00:00
I must be dreaming. The catholic church is one of the most duplicitous and morality corrupt organisation I can think of and they manage to complain about something that is similar to what they do but in a tamer form. Because what he is basically saying is that people shouldn't lie. I wish the pope would use his moral on himself because he is basically selling lies for a living.
by perdomon | 2025-10-14 17:18:23+00:00
Because people have fun creating those sorts of setups. There are many tutorials for those setups, the hardware can be found relatively affordably, and it isn't something someone needs to have experience in enterprise networking to build. The purpose of the hobby is to have fun. If you aren't having fun, or if other people's fun is ruining your day, consider finding a new hobby. I suggest fly fishing. You could probably use more vitamin D.
by tracker1 | 2025-10-14 17:19:01+00:00
I don't like to be alarmist, but some of this is a little scary, IMO. Small changes in a society can have massive impacts over generations. If you look at what happened to experiments with feeding house cats an altered diet in just a few generations. People are already eating a lot of things that wouldn't even be considered food a couple centuries ago, and maybe still shouldn't be.

We have a lot of increasing hormone production issues in western society already, I'm not sure that fiddling with things further is a real solution here without risking a lot of damage to society as a whole.