MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by egorfine | 2025-10-06 08:03:08+00:00
> it absolutely does make sense for the government to force such companies

Problem is, a) governments are infiltrated by russian assets and b) governments are known to enforce detrimental IT regulations. Germany especially so.

> power plants, telco infra, traffic infrastructure or hospitals

Their system _will_ get hit by ransomware or APTs. It is not possible to mandate common sense or proper IT practices, no matter how strict the law. See the recent incident in South Korea with burned down data center with no backups.
by ArchD | 2025-10-06 08:03:24+00:00
Hanlon's Razor is such an overused meme/trope that it's become meaningless.

It's a fallacy to assume that malice is never a form of stupidity/folly. An evil person fails to understand what is truly good because of some kind of folly, e.g. refusing to internally acknowledge the evil consequences of evil actions. There is no clean evil-vs-stupid dichotomy. E.g. is a drunk driver who kill someone with drunk driving stupid or evil? The dangers of drunk driving are well-known, so what about both?

Additionally, we are talking about a system/organization, not a person with a unified will/agenda. There could indeed be an evil person in an organization that wants the organization to do stupid things (not backup properly) in order to be able to hide his misdeeds.
by hiharryhere | 2025-10-06 08:04:02+00:00
Is it? It would be incredible if the government didn’t have specific requirements for critical infrastructure.

Say you’re an energy company and an incident could mean that a big part of the country is without power, or you’re a large bank and you can’t process payroll for millions of workers. They’re ability to recover quickly and completely matters. Just recently in Australia an incident at Optus, a large phone company, prevented thousands of people from making emergency calls for several hours. Several people died including a child.

The people should require these providers behave responsibly. And the way the people do that is with a government.

Companies behave poorly all the time. Red tape isn’t always bad.
by thoughtlede | 2025-10-06 08:04:06+00:00
It boils down to whether your LLMs can speak graph queries better than SQL, for your use cases and data. As your data posture changes and your use cases change, you routinely reevaluate which DB query language suits best for LLMs.

I'd also design the system architecture in such a way that your non-agentic workloads don't suffer if you have to move between query models for serving agentic workloads better.
by contrarian1234 | 2025-10-06 08:04:19+00:00
> As shown time and again

what a load of warmongering bs.. I literally can't think of a single example. Korea, Vietnam, France, Britain, Japan, Germany every country involved in a war in the past ~100 years had prepared for it. Maybe maybe Iraq under Saddam Hussein didn't properly prepare? Though they were highly militarized. On the contrary, the more you prepare and get people frothing at the mouth the more likely it's gunna happen.

Thank god none had been between two nuclear powers so far

> tell that to ruzzia

They had a bunch of tanks and seemingly lost huge amounts of them. They seem to be a prime example of tanks not working in the modern context
by anon7000 | 2025-10-06 08:04:27+00:00
I have (diagnosed) ADHD, and take meds for it daily. It helps tremendously. For that window of a few hours where it has an optimal effect, I have what feels like an innate desire to do anything. Send those texts I’ve been putting off, coordinate doing an activity this weekend, do that mundane testing on that PR I’ve been putting off shipping, get started on a daunting project.

I’m still a procrastinator, and the meds only solve so much of the problem. They aren’t going to put me in that “optimal” state for 16 hours a day. This article rings so true for procrastination, and I think the technique is still useful. It’s embracing the fact that my ADHD will let me focus on a difficult, but “less important,” task.

Interesting example. I have a weekend class next week and I’m supposed to read a book before it. Once it’s the day before, odds are 99% I won’t read the book. But I can sneak it in now while it feels less important. Ha, take that procrastination!
by arielcostas | 2025-10-06 08:04:32+00:00
So Microsoft did with .NET what they now do with Copilot, right? GitHub Copilot (AI-assisted code completion and chat), Microsoft 365 Copilot (the suite), Microsoft Copilot (the chat thingy), Windows Copilot (the chat thingy, but directly on Windows), Copilot for Azure (LLM doing RAG), Copilot for Dynamics 365 (I assume something similar)...
by otikik | 2025-10-06 08:04:34+00:00
I published the open source library I have been privately working on for several months this weekend. It was my way to avoid spending the day closing down my vegetable patch for the winter.

So that is my advice to you: if you want to do the book, add more things to the top of that list :)

Good luck and mention me on the acknowledgements! xD
by StopDisinfo910 | 2025-10-06 08:06:16+00:00
Integrated markets and commerce is why we have had peace in the western world. The very things the current American head honcho is tearing apart.

We have had very little peace in the rest of the world in the meantime between the colonial wars, the various proxy wars of the Cold War, then the numerous stupid adventures of the modern America and now Russia wanting to be an empire again.
by watwut | 2025-10-06 08:06:20+00:00
1.) Russia is already sending drones to border countries.

2.) Russian politicians openly talk about such possibility.

3.) Russian interest in expansion is no secret.

War with Russia is a real possibility. Considering NATO is not reliable anymore (due USA being less then reliable partner) , considering China seem to low key support Russia, it is not even crazy from the Russian side.
by klevo | 2025-10-06 08:07:12+00:00
> What's the secret sauce of undercutting AWS prices?

I'm only utilizing EC2 instances, storage and S3. Everything like databases, load balancers, NAT, even image storage is my own architecture and I'm not utilizing the value added services AWS offers for this and most would default to.

> How do you plan on keeping customers as they scale and mature?

I'll be adding features like DB replication and failover and multi AZ deployments down the line. But you're right, I'm focusing on small to medium size customers that want to run cheap, but still have all the convenience of a platform like Heroku for example.
by xpe | 2025-10-06 08:07:42+00:00
> when you download open source deep seek model and run it yourself - zero packets are being transmitted. thereby disproving the fundamental claim in the NIST report (additionally NIST doesn't provide any evidence to support their claim)

You are confused about what the NIST report claimed. Please review the NIST report and try to find a quote that matches up with what you just said. I predict you won’t find it. Prove me wrong?

Please review the claims that the NIST report actually makes. Compare this against Eric Hartford’s article. When I do this, Hartford comes across as confused and/or intellectually dishonest.
by gleenn | 2025-10-06 08:07:50+00:00
FTA: "As hard as the job is, diagnostic accuracy in the E.R. is high overall. But a recent systematic review of published research estimated that 5.7 percent of E.R. patients will have at least one diagnostic error and 2 percent have a setback as a result."

I feel like scrutinizing the industry for a 2-3% error on an obviously difficult problem is exactly why we pay so much in the United States for health care.
by mschuster91 | 2025-10-06 08:09:29+00:00
> Problem is, a) governments are infiltrated by russian assets and b) governments are known to enforce detrimental IT regulations. Germany especially so.

The regulations are a framework called "BSI Grundschutz" and all parts are freely available for everyone [1]. Even if our government were fully corrupted by Russia like Orban's Hungary - just look at the regulations on their face values and tell me what exactly you would see as "detrimental" or against best practice?

> It is not possible to mandate common sense or proper IT practices, no matter how strict the law. See the recent incident in South Korea with burned down data center with no backups.

I think it actually is. The BSI Grundschutz criteria tend to feel "checkboxy", but if you tick all the checkboxes you'll end up with a pretty resilient system. And yes, I've been on the implementing side.

The thing is, even if you're not fully compliant with BSI Grundschutz... if you just follow parts of it in your architecture, your security and resilience posture is already much stronger than much of the competition.

[1] https://www.bsi.bund.de/DE/Themen/Unternehmen-und-Organisati...
by arielcostas | 2025-10-06 08:09:51+00:00
That's strange, my experience with GitHub and GH Copilot have been great, unlike with other Microsoft products that have their billing integrated in the Microsoft account or MS365, or Entra or whatever they call the "company accounts" today.

Plus for 10$ a month (~8.50 EUR last month) I get more-than-enough-for-me access to Gemini, Claude and OpenAI models from my code editor. I wouldn't pay double for Claude Code or Cursor, so I feel like it's a good enough deal.
by D-Machine | 2025-10-06 08:10:12+00:00
It's not so clear how one could use the output of an embedding layer recursively, so it is a bit ill-defined to know what you mean by "stopped it" and "confused with its own output" here. You are mixing metaphor and math, so your question ends up being unclear.

Yes, the outputs from a layer one or two layers before the final layer would be a continuous embedding of sorts, and not as lossy (compared to the discretized tokenization) at representing the meaning of the input sequence. But you can't "stop" here in a recursive LLM in any practical sense.
by vintagedave | 2025-10-06 08:10:12+00:00
The new project is LibrePhone:

> Librephone is a new initiative by the FSF to bring full computing freedom to mobile computing environments. The LibrePhone Project is a partnership with Rob Savoye, a developer who has worked on free software (including the GNU toolchain) since the 1980.

I found very little info about it online. There is this github org:

https://github.com/LibrePhone

which mirrors PostMarketOS: https://github.com/LibrePhone/pmOS, 'The Linux distribution for mobile devices and beyond…'
by ridruejo | 2025-10-06 08:10:14+00:00
This is a great article and not sure why it got so few upvotes. It captures the way we have been working for a while and why we developed and open sourced Rover (https://endor.dev/blog/introducing-rover), our internal tool for managing coding agents. It automates a lot of what Simon describes like setting up git worktrees, giving each agent its own containerized environment and allowing mixing and matching agents from different vendors (ie Claude and Codex) for different tasks
by ACCount37 | 2025-10-06 08:10:27+00:00
Two mechanisms, running backwards and forwards through time.

First, LLMs can actually plan ahead - to a limited degree. Counterintuitive but true. So by the time the indentation is emitted, an LLM can already have something of a clue as to what the field names may be, and pick the indentation length accordingly.

Second, all LLMs want to conform to their context - which, in generation, includes their own past choices! This "consistency drive" is an innate instinct, originating at base model level, and it's one of the strongest and most conserved behaviors across all LLMs.

When an LLM sees the indentation length, it will try to pick the variable names that would conform to it.

I'm sure that you can actually find or craft some corner cases, in which both of those things would fail to "meet in the middle", and inconsistent indentation will be emitted. But it usually works well enough.
by Lammy | 2025-10-06 08:10:41+00:00
> So it's not really hallucinating - it correctly represents "seahorse emoji" internally, but that concept has no corresponding token.

Interesting that a lot of humans seem to have this going on too:

- https://old.reddit.com/r/MandelaEffect/comments/1g08o8u/seah...

- https://old.reddit.com/r/Retconned/comments/1di3a1m/does_any...

What does the LLM have to say about “Objects in mirror may be closer than they appear”? Not “Objects in mirror are closer than they appear”.
by hnlmorg | 2025-10-06 08:11:58+00:00
The WTC attacks were in the 90s and early 00s and back then, 50 miles of latency was anything but negligible and Azure didn’t exist.

I know this because I was working on online systems back then.

I also vividly remember 9/11 and the days that followed. We had a satellite dish with multiple receivers (which wasn’t common back then) so had to run a 3rd party Linux box to descramble the single. We watch 24/7 global news on a crappy 5:4 CRT running Windows ME during the attack. Even in the UK, it was a somber and sobering experience.
by nemanja_codes | 2025-10-06 08:12:10+00:00
Location: Serbia, GMT +2 Remote: Yes Willing to relocate: Yes Technologies: React, Next.js, JavaScript/TypeScript, Node.js, Astro, TailwindCSS, Jest, Cypress, Prisma, PostrgreSQL, MongoDB, Docker, C#/.NET Resume/CV: Available on request GitHub: https://github.com/nemanjam Website: https://nemanjamitic.com LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nemanja-mitic Email: nemanja.mitic.elfak [at] hotmail.com

I am a full stack developer with a Master's degree in Computer Science and 4.5 years of professional experience with JavaScript. My top skills are React/Next.js and I am also good with Node.js backends. I have decent experience with C# and .NET but currently it is not my main focus. I have a decent understanding of DevOps technologies (Linux, containers, IaC, automation) for a developer. I also have an interest in Python and FastAPI.

Here are some of my projects:

1. Comprehensive project: full stack Next.js, Prisma, unit, integration, e2e tests, CI/CD.

https://github.com/nemanjam/nextjs-prisma-boilerplate

2. Latest project: HN job ads aggregator, Next.js, SQLite (GitHub and demo links are in the first post).

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42373936

I have experience working remotely for startups within globally distributed multicultural teams.

I am looking for a full-time remote position. If we work well and stable I can relocate. I have detailed resume available upon request. You can check out my other projects at https://github.com/nemanjam . You can tell me about your company and project via email: nemanja.mitic.elfak [at] hotmail.com or connect with me on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nemanja-mitic .
by mingtianzhang | 2025-10-06 08:13:12+00:00
Hi, thanks for your inspiring questions.

1. What happens when the TOC is too long? -- This is why we choose the tree structure. If the ToC is too long, it will do a hierarchy search, which means search over the father level nodes first and then select one node, and then search its child nodes.

2. How does the index handle near misses, and how do you disambiguate between close titles? For each node, we generate a description or summary to give more information rather than just titles.

3. For documents that are not in a hierarchy, it will just become a list structure, which you can still look through.

We also write down how it can combine with a reasoning process and give some comparisons to Vector DB, see https://vectifyai.notion.site/PageIndex-for-Reasoning-Based-....

We found our MCP service works well in general financial/legal/textbook/research paper cases, see https://pageindex.ai/mcp for some examples.

We do agree in some cases, like recommendation systems, you need semantic similarity and Vector DB, so I wouldn't recommend this approach. Keen to learn more cases that we haven't thought through!
by lmm | 2025-10-06 08:13:20+00:00
I agree that:

- Human readers don't care about the details of everything you tried

- Commits that both don't compile and have no useful message are of very little value

But I don't think that's an argument against making small commits with uninformative messages, because making those commits without breaking compilation - or even explicitly checking that it compiles before committing - is much easier than coming up with a full commit message. And small commits that do compile - or even small commits of which a significant proportion compile - are very useful for bisect.
by nemanja_codes | 2025-10-06 08:13:47+00:00
SEEKING WORK | REMOTE | WORLDWIDE

Location: Serbia, GMT +2

Remote: Yes

Technologies: React, Next.js, JavaScript/TypeScript, Node.js, Astro, TailwindCSS, Jest, Cypress, Prisma, PostrgreSQL, MongoDB, Docker, C#/.NET

Resume/CV: Available on request

GitHub: https://github.com/nemanjam

Website: https://nemanjamitic.com

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nemanja-mitic

Email: nemanja.mitic.elfak [at] hotmail.com

I am a full stack developer with a Master's degree in Computer Science and 4.5 years of professional experience with JavaScript. My top skills are React/Next.js and I am also good with Node.js backends. I have decent experience with C# and .NET but currently it is not my main focus. I have a decent understanding of DevOps technologies (Linux, containers, IaC, automation) for a developer. I also have interest an in Python and FastAPI. Here are some of my projects:

1. Comprehensive project: full stack Next.js, Prisma, unit, integration, e2e tests, CI/CD.

https://github.com/nemanjam/nextjs-prisma-boilerplate

2. Latest project: HN job ads aggregator, Next.js, SQLite (GitHub and demo links are in the first post).

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42373936

I have experience working remotely for startups within globally distributed multicultural teams.

I have detailed resume available upon request. You can check out my other projects at https://github.com/nemanjam . You can tell me about your project via email: nemanja.mitic.elfak [at] hotmail.com or connect with me on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nemanja-mitic .
by vintagedave | 2025-10-06 08:14:38+00:00
> [The solar panels are] connected to a microinverter plugged into a wall outlet and feed electricity directly into his home.

Is this safe, feeding electricity into the local cabling? I recall a discussion on HN a few days ago with someone running a parallel cabling setup and there was _strong_ criticism over electrical safety; that was an entirely parallel set of cabling.

How would this work re phase, load, how it balances re the mains input, if it goes through the fuse box, etc?
by NedF | 2025-10-06 08:14:44+00:00
> There is also a new restriction for battery-powered models. They may only be used from October to December.

If you want to live in nature and in a city you need the tools to manage it. Cutting the trees down is also a valid solution.

It's the classic arsehole world we have become, people have to be indignant about everything.

For the people who don't create, lazy sloths sitting in their basements, they lash out at those who do.

Trees are a lot of work, when you work in gardening half the time is cleaning (leaf blowing, hedging and mowing) the other half is chopping them down because they are too much work for the owner.
by anon7000 | 2025-10-06 08:15:36+00:00
I mean, the crux of the problem is you might have a problem space where everything has a very, very strict, tight deadline. It’s not gonna work for that.

But this is simply not true in the real world. As the author notes, he has papers to grade and a mess of work to do in the evenings. These are important and have deadlines.

But the reality of the matter is that procrastinating them really doesn’t hurt anyone that much, and the benefit of just spending time with students is incredible.

If every problem is deeply important and has to be done yesterday, you wind up stretched very thin. It’s stressful!

I don’t think this is about creating a fake task at the top. It’s more about recognizing that it’s very frequently ok to procrastinate important things if you get value from what you did instead, and aiming to maximize that value. You’re tricking yourself, but in a way that fits how some procrastinators think. As he says, it relies on some level of self-deception.

And it should go without saying that there are obviously exceptions, and that it’s just one tool in the toolbox.
by mewpmewp2 | 2025-10-06 08:16:12+00:00
If you did hide its thinking it could do that. But I'm pretty sure what happens here is that it has to go through those tokens for it to be clear that it's doing things wrong.

What I think that happens:

1. There's a question about a somewhat obscure thing.

2. LLM will never know the answer for sure, it has access to this sort of statistical, probability based compressed database on all the facts of the World. Because this allows to store more facts by relating things to each other, but never with 100% certainty.

3. There are particular obscure cases where it hits its initial "statistical intuition" that something is true, so it starts outputting its thoughts as expected for a question where something is likely true. Perhaps you could analyze what it's indicating probabilities on "Yes" vs "No" to estimate its confidence. Perhaps it will show much less likelihood for "Yes", than if the question was for a horse emoji, but in this case "Yes" is still high enough threshold to go through instead of "No".

4. However when it has to explain the exact answer, it's impossible to output an answer because it's false. E.g. seahorse emoji does not exist and it has to output it, previous tokens where "Yes, it exists, it's X", the X will be answers semantically close in meaning.

5. The next token will have context that "Yes, seahorse emoji exists, it is "[HORSE EMOJI]". Now it's clear that there's a conflict here, it's able to see that HORSE emoji is not seahorse emoji, but it had to output it in the line of previous tokens because the previous tokens statistically required an output of something.
by p_l | 2025-10-06 08:16:37+00:00
Yes, it's not possible to do it the same way, because what made x86 successful in their application is that x86 was remarkably RISC-y in actual behaviour compared to 68k or VAX.

The main reason for that is that x86 code, outside of being register poor leading to lots of stack etc. use, decomposes most "ciscy" operations into LEA (inlined in pipeline) + memory access + actual operation.

VAX (and to lesser extent, m68k and others) had multiple indirections just to get the operands right, way more than what is essentially single LEA instruction. The most complex VAX instructions could have been ignored as "this is super slow one and rarely used", but the burden of handling the indirections remain, including possible huge memory latency costs.
by yawpitch | 2025-10-06 08:17:06+00:00
They’re closed source black boxes, not even the people who built them really know what’s happening under the hood.

That said, one can reasonably infer that an LLM-based system isn’t doing any form of visual processing at all… it’s just looking at your HTML and CSS and flagging where it diverts from the statistical mean of all such structures in the training data (modulo some stochastic wandering and that it may, somehow, have mixed some measure of Rick Astley or Goatse into its multidimensional lookup table).
by jcattle | 2025-10-06 08:17:20+00:00
Would you also agree that production of usable energy makes most sense at scale?

With that I mean energy like heat and motion? Because so far it just hasn't been possible to generate electricity at home in a meaningful way. Unlike heat, which everyone largely generates at home.

I would argue that there has been a technological leap, where electricity generation has become possible at home now through a combination of lower prices, ease of installation and feasibility to tie in to the rest of the electrical grid. Banning this new possibility would be a shortcoming of the policy.