MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by VonGuard | 2025-10-07 02:14:16+00:00
And look! I am downvoted again!

How does this work? They harvest your DNS! They inject surveys into your YouTube packets. They tabulate just how much traffic goes to which specific games on Twitch. How? The provider is the endpoint, not you.

It's not the whole picture, but it's enough to sell to marketers.

This is what happens EVERY time I say this! Look again! It happened, I have 1 upvote... It's almost as if the VPN companies don't want you to believe this is true!

Story time! I have been cashed out of three startups. $600 total, across them all. It's the people in the Valley who've struck out over and over who know the truth, not the successes.

One of those startups was about tracking the games played on Twitch, and selling that info to Esports entities, marketing firms, etc. The company did not succeed because, honestly, it's not hard data to scrape yourself. BUT, we tried. And where did we get our data? VPN providers. Major VPN providers. We don't care about your personal data. We care about whether you watched a Twitch stream of GTA or Madden.

And for a time, yes, we could buy injected surveys. Packets, literally injected into your streams of data. This was expensive, iffy, and controversial, but it was on the rate cards.

DNS is very useful, and unencrypted. OpenDNS makes its money on this same info. Stop putting your heads in the sand. Ya'll have seriously lost the path.
by jaltman | 2025-10-07 02:15:21+00:00
The cephfs model of a file system logically constructed from an object store closely mirrors the AFS architecture. The AFS fileserver is horribly misnamed. Whereas AFS 1.0 fileserver exported the contents of local filesystems much as NFS and CIFS do, AFS 2.x/3.x/OpenAFS/AuriStorFS fileservers export objects (aka vnodes) which are stored in an object store. Each AFS vice partition stored zero or more object stores each consisting of the objects belonging to a single volume group. A volume group consists of one or more of the RWVOL, ROVOL and/or BACKVOL instances.

The AFS consistency model is fairly strong. Each client (aka cache manager) is only permitted to access the data/metadata of a vnode if it has been issued a callback promise from the AFS fileserver. File lock transitions, metdata modifications, and data modifications as well as volume transactions cause the fileserver to break the promise. At which point the client is required to fetch updated status information before it can decide it is safe to reuse the locally cached data.

Unlike optimistic locking models, the AFS model permits cached data to be validated after an extended period of time by requesting up to date metadata and a new callback promise.

An AFS fileserver will not permit a client to perform a state changing operation as long as there exist broken callback promises which have yet to be successfully delivered to the client.
by socalgal2 | 2025-10-07 02:15:53+00:00
Are they just bad now? The one I noticed was the "Kingdom" which is several years old. It had horrible subs because the sub were written by Chinese people using Chinese names for places and characters but the spoken language was Japanese. So the sub would say "General Mike is going to attack Houston" and the spoken Japanese would say "General Bob is going to attach Seattle" (fill in Mike and Houston with Chinese names and Bob and Seattle with Japaense names)
by derektank | 2025-10-07 02:16:45+00:00
This is exactly why people thought isotretinoin (brand name Accutane) caused suicides (and required huge hurdles to access for years). It turns out that people suffering from physical disfigurements, such as acne, are more prone to suicide than the general population. Not sure if this is also true of androgenetic alopecia but it would hardly be surprising.
by dartharva | 2025-10-07 02:17:10+00:00
So many threads but all missing the point.

Windows is not a consumer brand - at least anymore, if it ever was. It is predominantly a business product for enterprises. And their current service model to their clients requires interoperability with cloud services and user profiling for easy authentication and telemetry, which is what they are getting by enforcing Microsoft accounts. That is why there is no contradiction in their POV with this.

Does it suck for you retail "Home" users? Yes, but you were never the target customer base; at best you are a marketing platform. There is a reason why Microsoft has been giving away the product virtually for free has been turning a blind eye to its piracy (heck, MS's own Github hosts multiple cracking tools for it) when it comes to retail customers. They have abandoned you as a serious market segment.

Switch to Linux.
by mjbale116 | 2025-10-07 02:17:19+00:00
Can someone explain to me why should I use a VPN when Tor is out there?

It just seems to me odd that one would pipe their communications through a private company, that operates over a jurisdiction when said jurisdiction can compel the company in actions that may compromise my anonymity.

From my perspective, its like shifting my trust from my ISP (an entity with way more oversight) to a pvt ltd.

Isn't Tor as safe as it can get when surfing the web?
by nerdsniper | 2025-10-07 02:18:17+00:00
I have a good friend from Lithuania, who has told me so many amazing/wonderful/superlative things about the country he grew up in and loves very dearly, as well as its people. I can't wait to visit someday. Unfortunately, he only has Russian and American citizenship, so he can't purchase real estate there currently, but luckily most of Lithuania's restrictions have been very common-sense (applying only to people who frequently travel between Russia and Lithuania).

From what I can tell, Tesonet seems like a very patriotic group (as much as a corporation can be personified at all), and genuinely puts resources, both human and financial, towards raising up the local communities.

It's interesting to me that Tesonet has concentrated the most popular VPNs under one roof and is involved in so many companies that could be described as "dual-use" (white hat/black hat) such as residential/mobile proxies, ai-powered scraping, etc. It tells me that Tesonet has a very sharp understanding of gray-hat landscapes. It does seem like their portfolio could be leveraged as a valuable asset to any powerful interest, regardless if they are benevolent or malicious or misguided.

I mentioned Tesonet's stance towards Ukraine because Lithuania has a number of wealthy ex-soviet/Russian citizens and business-owners with differing politics, and wanted to clarify that for any readers who might wonder.

Additionally, I've always been very impressed with Estonia's digital infrastructure and Ukrainian software engineering - not just JetBrains but also other vendors that I've worked with personally. Seems like there are a lot of highly skilled people concentrated in your region.
by GeekyBear | 2025-10-07 02:20:24+00:00
Sorry, but DirectX games don't work on top of the Vulkan graphics API used by Linux without an emulation layer provided by the Proton fork of Wine.

Wine may not be an emulator, but Proton includes a completely necessary translation layer if you intend to play DirectX games on Linux.

On Mac, Apple provides an open source emulation layer, D3DMetal, to translate from DirectX to Metal which is used by Wine.
by matheusmoreira | 2025-10-07 02:20:52+00:00
> TXR Lisp

I remember.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34740581

Nice to see you again!

> you would not want that to be based on delimited continuations, or certainly not ones based on this implementation technique

Yes. If I implemented exceptions on top of this, the continuation would be captured and then immediately thrown away. Needlessly wasteful.

I don't really subscribe to Scheme's idea of implementing less powerful primitives in terms of more powerful ones. Conceptually it's amazing but I won't shy away from making new primitives in C if needed. I plan to add additional primitives for exceptions and generators at the very least.

> To support the front-and-centre use case for delimited continuations, which is the ability to have yields with two-way communication (e.g. a recursive procedure can yield an item to a controlling procedure, which can then reply to it with a different item and resume it) I had to invent a new kind of dynamic control construct called "absconding".

> An abscond is exactly like a dynamic long return, except that it performs no unwinding! When a procedure yields, it is not unwinding. It needs to jump out to the context which is interested in the yielded item, but it must not dispose of its resources. There is the expectation that control will jump back in, and everything will need to be intact.

I think I get it... How did you implement this on your system?

I implemented lone as a fully interruptible machine that can stop and yield control in between any computation step. I imagined that might come in handy for concurrency and parallelism someday. Wasn't sure how at first. The original idea was to run a separate machine per thread, or to multiplex numerous machines on a set of Linux threads.

Now I'm playing with the idea of making the machine suspend execution by creating another machine with an independent stack, cycling it until it returns a value and then resuming. A machine subordinate to another machine. This concept would implement generators, coroutines...

Does this make sense? Is this similar to what you implemented?

I've read a lot about the complexity and difficulty of finalizers... I'm not sure how I'll implement them yet.
by majormajor | 2025-10-07 02:21:41+00:00
> Not really. If the chatbot is smart enough then chatbot is the more natural interface. I've seen people who prefer to say "hey siri set alarm clock for 10 AM" rather than use the UI. Which makes sense, because language is the way people literally have evolved specialized organs for. If anything, language is the "battle tested UX", and the other stuff is temporary fad.

I do that all the time with Siri for setting alarms and timers. Certain things have extremely simple speech interfaces. And we've already found a ton of them over the last decade+. If it was useful to use speech for ordering an uber, it would've been worth it for me to learn the specific syntax Alexa wanted.

Do I want to talk to a chatbot to get a detailed table of potential flight and hotel options? Hell no. It doesn't matter how smart it is, I want to see them on a map and be able to hover, click into them, etc. Speech would be slow and awful for that.
by tsunagatta | 2025-10-07 02:21:41+00:00
From my understanding, they have different purposes. VPNs aren’t really about safety or anonymity, Tor is the way to go for those. VPNs are for if you don’t want your ISP specifically to see your traffic for some reason, or if you want your traffic to appear like it’s coming from a different geographical location with minimal latency hit.

Edit: I should say, VPNs as a technology have far more applications than this, e.g. for accessing a secure intranet, but these are just the reasons you’d theoretically want to use a VPN service like Nord/Mullvad/etc.
by webstrand | 2025-10-07 02:22:19+00:00
VPNs are for when you want to obfuscate your traffic from your ISP, not the government. By passing your traffic through a private company _somewhere else_ to another private entity that has some vested interest in not reselling your data, you can prevent it from being easily mapped back to you.

Also VPN is generally much faster and higher bandwidth than TOR.
by armchairhacker | 2025-10-07 02:22:59+00:00
> ...it is a best practice to allow users to manually toggle the color-scheme as well.

> Some people prefer a dark system theme, but light website themes, and vice-versa.

Is this common? Why don't those people configure their browser to use a light theme? Or if they prefer different websites to be different themes, use a browser plugin?

...a more general issue is that every website has to re-implement many things. It's a small issue, but it discourages newcomers, and the redundancy on every website adds up. Ideally, a site should look decent with no CSS, but in order to support legacy sites (a good thing) the default styles are the legacy ones (a bad thing); keeping what even back then would probably be considered "bugs" (except, like how crimes become legal, they managed to become "features" by being discovered too late), such as large images causing horizontal overflow. Honestly, is there a single good reason to make the default font Times New Roman 16px?
by cynicalkane | 2025-10-07 02:23:01+00:00
I can't remember where I read or saw this, but it struck me as the obvious key difference: In aviation, procedures and practices are developed in concert with experts in aviation maintenance, aviation engineering, various parts of system design, and the people who fly the darn planes. In medicine, the lobbyists, politicians, and software companies have political and economic incentives and communication structures quite divorced from the practiced expertise of actual end users, not to mention the people being treated. So you have all these 'best practices' being imposed that have little to do with the sorts of best practices health practitioners would do or want to do or what patients need.
by gautam_panakkal | 2025-10-07 02:23:36+00:00
Location: SF Bay Area

Remote: Yes (Also open to on-site)

Willing to relocate: Yes

Technologies: TypeScript, Python, React, Express, SQL, PostgresQL, MongoDB, GraphQL, Docker, RAG

Résumé/CV: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V6vQ4hg2yyr88TUJMeP0eWmgiKs...

Email: gautampanakkal[at]gmail.com
by _wire_ | 2025-10-07 02:24:03+00:00
The entire point of the social media industry is to agitate its users emotionally, because this increases involvement. If there are subtler patterns these are very situational, and smothered by the need for involvement and growth. As to how much you can condition people, we're animals with a baseline that's not open to change except at extreme margins, and cannot reliably be changed.
by majormajor | 2025-10-07 02:25:19+00:00
My favorite voice command is to set a timer.

If I use the touchscreen I have to:

1 unlock the phone - easy, but takes an active swipe

2 go to the clock app - i might not have been on the home screen, maybe a swipe or two to get there

3 set the timer to what I want - and here it COMPLETELY falls down, since it probably is showing how long the last timer I set was, and if that's not what I want, I have to fiddle with it.

If I do it with my voice I don't even have to look away from what I'm currently doing. AND I can say "90 seconds" or "10 minutes" or "3 hours" or even (at least on an iPhone) "set a timer for 3PM" and it will set it to what I say without me having to select numbers on a touchscreen.

And 95% of the time there's nobody around who's gonna give me a dirty look for it.
by estimator7292 | 2025-10-07 02:27:25+00:00
The degree to which any given dose of THC affects an individual varies so wildly as to be completely useless as a baseline. To guarantee that 100% of debilitated users are detected, the threshold would have to be so low as to also detect a heavy user who smoked a joint two days ago.

Your argument is built on the supposition that there's a hard lower boundary on debilitating dosage. There is no such magic number, or it is nearly indistinguishable from zero.
by jongjong | 2025-10-07 02:27:33+00:00
It's interesting because my management philosophy when delegating work has been to always start by telling people what my intent is, so that they don't get too caught up in a specific approach. Many problems require out-of-the-box thinking. This is really about providing context. Context engineering is basically a management skill.

Without context, even the brightest people will not be able to fill in the gaps in your requirements. Context is not just nice-to-have, it's a necessity when dealing with both humans and machines.

I suspect that people who are good engineering managers will also be good at 'vibe coding'.
by SeanAnderson | 2025-10-07 02:28:19+00:00
Are there any limitations with this to be aware of? Are Hypervisor/Docker/WSL2 all supported?

I'm trying to decide if I want to transition my work computer to Linux or Windows 10 LTSC. Most of my day is spent working inside of WSL2. So, it kind of seems like I should just get on with using Linux native, but several decades of sunken cost have kept me on Windows. I don't think I have a desire to 'upgrade' to Windows 11 and Windows 10 Pro is just about EOL.
by RhythmFox | 2025-10-07 02:29:26+00:00
Churn is not just rate of commits it is the changing of the same lines/files/functions repeatedly, AI answers seem to get this wrong a few places I checked which is interesting. Rate of change in itself is not 'instability', it can be a sign of new ideas emerging or lot of other positive things.

Package management cannot be a 'solved problem' or there would be no innovation there, and you don't have to look far to find is not the case.

As for the idea that rubygems is 'dead' (not what mperham said), that is still too early to say for sure, as I imagine mperham would also agree, but it is definitely not a good sign. If we only get a trickle of changes to something that was once a very vibrant and lively community repo then that is to the detriment of the whole Ruby ecosystem. That would also be a bad sign.
by ofalkaed | 2025-10-07 02:30:59+00:00
Audacity is not about simple audio recording and editing, it is about linear editing and can be more suitable than a DAW when it comes to heavy and complicated editing but it requires a different work flow. DAW is designed for production, mixing, mastering, and when applied towards editing you can find yourself with a full hard drive in surprisingly little time because every edit means the DAW creates another audio file.

The DAW did not solve anything, it just choose a different set of problems which are less of an issue for the tasks the DAW is designed for but can be fairly irritating if the tool you need is a capable editor. Something like recording an audiobook can be done effectively and efficiently in either a DAW or an editor and I can make a case for either. In the case of an audiobook, my choice would be to assemble it in an editor and polish it off in a DAW.
by newfriend | 2025-10-07 02:31:01+00:00
When exactly does a fetus become a baby? At the point of birth? There is no easy way out of this dilemma.

Opinion polls are very easy to game by phrasing questions differently. Ask people at what number of weeks is it ok to crush a growing baby (fetus) into pieces and vacuum it out, and you will get a wildly different percentage.
by kspacewalk2 | 2025-10-07 02:31:24+00:00
The best doctors in the US are more often than not also the best in the world. The US disproportionately attracts from abroad and produces domestically the MDs that are at the forefront of medicine.

The good and the okay doctors, i.e. the vast majority, are also very good. Probably a wash with most large Western nations.

America's actual problem, and failure, is prevention and uniform access to primary care. No surprises here.
by aidenn0 | 2025-10-07 02:32:04+00:00
I sampled a couple of shows on Netfix and I couldn't find any anime subtitled in English; just closed-captioning of the English dub. Netflix's selection I would describe as "fine," so the quality of the subtitles is, IMO a big differentiator for Crunchyroll and given that my household is looking to reduce the streaming services, this change makes the decision of "which one" a lot easier.
by jim-jim-jim | 2025-10-07 02:32:31+00:00
Damn, I was expecting the "drought" to carry on indefinitely due to how strict ratings have become. As the article alludes to, a storm has to get lucky and hit something sturdy to prove its strength and get top marks. There have likely been tornadoes of similar intensities between 2013 and now: El Reno, Vilonia, Mayfield, Rolling Fork, etc, but American houses just aren't built well enough to reliably signal EF5 strength winds when they are annihilated by storms like these. Even an utter nightmare like Joplin only got the rating it did because of the town's hospital was hit.
by framerjohn | 2025-10-07 02:32:53+00:00
We think that we live in a time of medical miracles, and we do, but people are also still dying very quickly from things like pneumonia, and getting strokes from viruses. Any of us could die or be disabled at any moment. Be thankful if you have your health. You can blame docs, and sure it can be that, but this is not like having a good computer technician- life is full of risks!
by zzo38computer | 2025-10-07 02:34:07+00:00
I would not want to use LLMs for such a thing like that. Something like SQL queries or other kind of computer codes would be better. You would have to read the documentation, but it can be specified more precisely and more accurately. If you have a local program that can manage these queries (and then convert them to the remote service's format; a service could provide a file to specify the schema and the estimated cost of different fields) and interact with multiple services (including local files), then that will be better, without having to worry about problems with OpenAI, require as much power that OpenAI uses, more privacy violations than is necessary, etc.

However, it might be useful for people who do want to use that instead.
by fn-mote | 2025-10-07 02:35:27+00:00
> people trying to help (however naively it may be)

As soon as you are giving free attention and mentoring to people unable to make a somewhat useful contribution, you are giving up even more of your life for free.

There are people who know how to pick appropriate issues and send PRs with test cases. It might be better to look for them than try to mentor ineffective contributors.
by mlyle | 2025-10-07 02:35:29+00:00
Molds intended for large production are expensive, but it's going to be expensive no matter where you do it (and can be procured internationally if you want). If you're making something with injection molding, you will need a mold.

(Aluminum or even SLA tooling is possible for smaller batches). That said, even good steel tooling does not necessarily cost above low 5 figures. It all depends on what you're trying to do.

Real injection molding machines are $10k-300k, depending on what you want / need. This is not very exciting or scary from a capital expenditure point of view. Yes, you can spend a lot more if you're producing a -lot-. That $200k machine can get you to thousands of shots per day.
by jaltman | 2025-10-07 02:35:42+00:00
DCE DFS (developed at Transarc) was originally supposed to be AFS 4.0 before it was contributed to DCE. After the contribution it became backward incompatible with AFS 3.x. The RPC layer, the authentication protocol, the protection service (user/group management) were all replaced to leverage technology contributions from other DCE participants.

IMO IBM/Transarc died for two reasons. First, there was significant brand confusion after the release of Windows Active Directory and Windows DFS since no trademarks were obtained for DCE service names. Second, the file system couldn't be deployed without the rest of the DCE infrastructure.

There was an unofficial effort within IBM to create the Advanced Distributed File System (ADFS) which would have decoupled DFS from the DCE Cell Directory Service and Security Service as well as replaced DCE/RPC. However, the project never saw the light of day.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DCE_Distributed_File_System