MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Fricken | 2025-09-11 16:18:23+00:00
An L4 LLM in my mind, would be one that can perform fully autonomously at some domain specific job, a job being a collection of tasks that have to come together coherently to achieve a desired goal.

Waymo's robotaxis, likewise, are able to do the driving task in geo-fenced areas. Waymo does a lot of hand-built code and testing to deal with particular problems, such as the 5-points in the Cairo district of SF, where it's a completely unique intersection, there's no other intersection quite like it. A ton of effort went into dealing with just that one intersection, and the bespoke effort doesn't generalize to any other intersection.

So if you want to be able to say, have a platform for producing working video games out of prompts, well, I believe that can be done with our current AI, but it will depend on a lot hard work making tools and hand-built code that do not generalize to other domain specific jobs.

Now if you want to make a movie worth watching out of prompts, that could be done too, but it depends on solving a whole different set of bespoke problems that once again need to be solved the hard way using more conventional software.
by balder1991 | 2025-09-11 16:18:38+00:00
My mom often asks me to “fix” her phone, which means that she simply ventured to some unfamiliar place and doesn’t know how to get back to where she was supposed to be. For her, when something like that happens, the phone is “broken”.

She has no conceptual understanding of what’s an app and a webpage and why they’re treated differently, she just kinda accepted she uses something called Firefox to do a search and some icon in the phone that has the exact name of the other app she wants to use. She never understood (or cared) what it means to “close” an app if she already does that when she presses home or back, no matter how much I try to explain.

When you think about it, it’s all very confusing for them, and since people making these things already understand them well, they make stuff assuming the users will understand the whole thing as well as they themselves do.
by pimlottc | 2025-09-11 16:18:46+00:00
This map widget is terrible. There is no information about each dot on the map screen, you have to click it and go to a new page (with a load spinner!) to see what it is. When you go back to the map, it resets to the original location and zoom level instead of where you had it when you clicked. You also can't zoom the map very far.

A map is useless if you can't quickly view and compare multiple locations. Basic information should be available on the map screen itself, ideally with different icons and/or colors, instant popup dialogs, etc. If you want to have additional detail on a separate page, that's fine, but you shouldn't have to leave the map to accomplish the main function of the site.
by bko | 2025-09-11 16:18:53+00:00
> The US spends more per capita than any other developed nation and is not even capable of providing health care to all of its citizens.

US has medicare and medicaid. It actually spends more than most other countries. I guess they need to spend more to save money?

Again throwing around stats about health insurance industry is not an argument. That money gets spent on something unless you think there is some grand cabal of health insurance companies to do make-work and hire people and set money on fire for no reason. Why doesn't some greedy capitalist start a health insurance company, set slightly less money on fire and provide great healthcare?

https://www.visualcapitalist.com/u-s-spends-public-money-hea...
by danudey | 2025-09-11 16:19:23+00:00
Europeans also get mandated parental leave and vacation time, far better labour laws, better health-related regulatory conditions (e.g. food, drugs, agriculture, environment, gun control, etc.), and so on, and don't go bankrupt and lose everything because of a heart attack or pregnancy complications.

Having a big house and more money doesn't mean you have a better life; this seems to be the main point of the article you linked, but your comment seems to imply that you missed that point (though I could be misreading). Case in point, this quote from the blog:

> I could go on, but the pattern is pretty clear. The U.S. in general is less healthy and less safe than Europe.
by FireBeyond | 2025-09-11 16:19:36+00:00
> if a private business with all the incentive in the world can't figure out how to lower healthcare costs

Of course they can. But why on earth would they? Health insurers are mandated by law to not exceed certain profit margins, so the only/best way to make more money is not by increasing volume and lowering margin, it's by increasing costs for your target captive market. That flows down the chain, you increase the allowed costs, so providers increase to meet that (why wouldn't they?) and the only person left hurting is the policy holder (and their employer, paying some portion of it).

> unpersuasive. It's not a serious argument

Your argument amounts to "this doesn't make sense, why wouldn't companies look to lower costs" when lowering costs in the health insurance mathematically equals lowering your profits.

What's not a serious argument is this constant belief that America is unique. "We're bigger than other countries", "our population density is different", all these things.

But you're going to need to do better than a pithy "it's not a serious argument" with no substance behind it when acknowledging that the entirety of the developed world hasn't "solved" healthcare but does a better job at making it equitable and accesible to more, at a lower cost, with oftentimes better outcomes (looked at our mortality rates around childbirth, lately?). It's not about the quality of care, it's about a system that revolves around making more money, not patient care. Another simple example, my insurer, Aetna, simply refuses to authorize 90-day (or rather, anything beyond 30-day) prescriptions from any pharmacy except the pharmacy they wholly own. Why? That doesn't provide patient benefit. There's no discount - the charged amount for the 90-day script is 3x the cost of the 30-day. It provides a worse experience for the patient, removing flexibility for them. It doesn't change their pharmacy network - they're still serving pharmacies all over, just for a subset of patient needs.

No, it's just about money. Again, there's near no incentive in the current US healthcare market to compete on price. And that's why US healthcare is ~20% of GDP, double, if not triple the cost of other developed nations.
by deathanatos | 2025-09-11 16:20:54+00:00
> it's a bad deal,

Not necessarily: I gain the ability to switch insurances (imagine, for example, a "free market" where insurance has to compete…), job losses or changes don't affect my insurance, etc. Actual competitive pressure and lower switching costs should, in theory, drive the price down.

Also, IIRC, insurance premiums paid with post-tax dollars are deductible, so they're not really post-tax. However, that deduction is part of the itemized deduction — while currently most people are not itemizing (as they do not have enough itemized deductions to hit the "it is worth it" threshold), my napkin math says that throwing HC premiums in there — since HC is so damn expensive — tips the scale / breaks the threshold for basically any normal income level.

But this is also an "imagine if" thread. Imagine if we made healthcare premiums outright deductible to alleviate the problem you've identified?
by all2 | 2025-09-11 16:21:06+00:00
Spelling error "sttill"

> P.S. If you're sttill managing data in spreadsheets, this post isn't for you. Yet.

---

Since I discovered the ECS pattern, I've been curious about backing it with a database. One of the big issues seems to be IO on the database side. I wonder if Spiral might solve this issue.
by edm0nd | 2025-09-11 16:21:23+00:00
Very affordable to do.

I bought a cheap refurbished Pixel 7 Pro off eBay for $250 and installed GrapheneOS on it. Threw an eSim $20/m plan on it and use it as my phone when I leave the house and go IRL.

If I ever lose it or it gets taken while traveling, who cares, its secure af. I just cancel my eSim and buy another phone to install GrapheneOS on all while my main phone Pixel 10 Pro is still safe and at home.
by ta1243 | 2025-09-11 16:21:29+00:00
people voted to stop immigration which wasn't happening (people from outside europe)

Brexit means we left agreements which let us send people on boats back to France. It also means that rather than having local europeans with similar culture doing work, we have people from further afield, and people aren't happy.

The last 5 years shows what a lie brexit was, it delivered exactly what brexit voters were voting against. We already had what they wanted.

Of course Vote Leave knew this, they went door to door to non-european communities saying "vote leave and europeans won't be able to come in and instead your friends and family will".

But sure, keep voting for the liar. Will be interesting to see what happens next.
by munksbeer | 2025-09-11 16:22:06+00:00
> The bigger issue is that we need to make the EU actually democratic. Start by removing every branch but the European Parliament. That's the only solution.

For goodness sake, you are sending people on goose chases instead of the real problem.

What happened here falls under the exact definition of representative democracy. There are some politicians from certain nation states pushing for the policy. They request the commission (the civil service type group) to work on the proposals, and then elected MEPs vote on it.

Again and again I have to keep repeating the same message:

This is NOT some random bureaucrats in some EU group deciding they want to push a policy. This is our elected politicians being influenced some some other agency to push chat control. They're pushing it through the EU commission, because that is how it works.

Please people, inform yourselves, or you're going to get this all wrong and fight the wrong fight.
by polygotdomain | 2025-09-11 16:22:22+00:00
Competition based on benefits really comes in at the low end and the top end of employment.

If you're a tradesperson, just having insurance coverage is a big thing. It doesn't matter if it's not great, it's better than nothing. Leaving a job with insurance for one without insurance is likely going to cost you thousands of dollars out of pocket for the same coverage.

At the top end, companies will have plans that cover so many things at very high percentages, meaning that your out of pocket for health insurance will be surprisingly small. Less competitive companies simply can't offer that.

It's only in the middle where the details of a plan matter, and those are going to be the hardest details to find.
by pcrh | 2025-09-11 16:22:25+00:00
>WHY EU is undemocratic

The answer is simple. The EU institutions cannot be both directly elected and have executive authority over member states.

The reason is that by doing so one would create a conflict between the "democratic legitimacy" of the EU executive and the "democratic legitimacy" of national parliaments.

In the current model, the member states retain ultimate authority and democratic legitimacy through their delegates to the Council of Ministers.
by gobdovan | 2025-09-11 16:22:40+00:00
For generative skills I agree, but for me the real change is in how I read and debug code. After reading so much AI-generated code with subtle mistakes, I can spot errors much quicker even in human-written code. And when I can't, that usually means the code needs a refactor.

I'd compare it to gym work: some exercises work best until they don't, and then you switch to a less effective exercise to get you out of your plateau. Same with code and AI. If you're already good (because of years of hard won lessons), it can push you that extra bit.

But yeah, default to the better exercise and just code yourself, at least on the project's core.
by polygotdomain | 2025-09-11 16:22:45+00:00
> if a private business with all the incentive in the world can't figure out how to lower healthcare costs

What if their incentives aren't to lower cost? Insurance companies make more when the obfusicate pricing and payout less. That's the opposite of incentive, it's a way to cover up your profits.

> Everyone that proposes a single payer can't explain who makes less money.

If you think the healthcare industry is just doctor-insurance-you, then you're nuts. Look up pharmacy benefit managers. They're basically third parties that are in place to jack up prices.

> Even if you're able to do everything the health insurance company does and capture 100% of their margin with equal efficiency, you'll capture a profit margin of around 2-6%.

Insurance companies have had their profits capped via the ACA for more than a decade now. Where they're making their money is by using more third parties in the middle to jack up pricing and increase costs so that A) their 2-6% is bigger, and B) their "investments" in the third parties are not regulated by the ACA so they can get their massive profits their.

> The only argument I hear is "other countries do it", which is just unpersuasive. It's not a serious argument. Propose something better

Its a very serious argument, you're just happy to dismiss it for some reason. If the entire developed world uses a different system than us, gets better results and for less money, then you'd have to be insane to insist that mimic those systems is not a serious alternative.
by estimator7292 | 2025-09-11 16:24:17+00:00
That thinking only applies to non-essential markets. The whole reason we're in this mess is that insurers (and government/lobbyists) realized that people will never stop getting sick or hurt and that people will pay literally anything for medical care because the alternative is gruesome, horrifying, painful death.

The market simply cannot correct for this. It's just not possible. As fewer people can afford care, prices will go up to offset lost profit. The only organic correction that can happen is if so many people die that the entire economy collapses.

So yes, we'll see a decrease in hiring, a decrease in the number of insured and/or healthy workers, and absolutely nothing will change. The public simply cannot squeeze insurance into lowering prices, nor can businesses. Only legislation can fix this problem.

But since that seems to be ever more unlikely, the best solution is probably for the people to storm the insurance companies and put the CEOs on pikes for all of the death and destruction they've inflicted on our entire society. Democracy has utterly failed us and the only reasonable option left is incredible violence. That's the sad, sorry state that american society is left in today.
by mrsopa | 2025-09-11 16:24:37+00:00
Propagandist for their respective leaders. Was Chester Cheetah the Goebbels of Frito-Lay? Or any other spokesperson for their respective beliefs or organization. Like the other poster stated, one stark difference is that Charlie was strongly in favor of Israel something that diametrically opposes him to Nazi ideology. Secondly, Goebbels and the Nazis were in favor of total control of information. Charlie again was the opposite of that. Anyone could come and challenge him, and actually that did not always go well for Charlie, but he welcomed the open dialogue up until the moment someone murdered him for that.
by nradov | 2025-09-11 16:25:03+00:00
Don't be naive. Medicare reimbursement rates are artificially fixed below the market rate in order to hold down the federal budget. This kind of works right now because Medicare ends up with a hidden cross subsidy from commercial health plans with higher rates (often explicitly set as a fixed multiple of the Medicare rate). If we put everyone on "Medicare For All" then those subsidies will disappear and queues will get much longer. So not everyone "gets" healthcare if they have to wait a year for an elective procedure.

Also, original Medicare Part A/B doesn't cover certain types of healthcare at all such as prescription drugs. So not everyone on Medicare "gets" healthcare today. That's why many Medicare beneficiaries choose to pay out of pocket for Drug Coverage (Part D), Medicare Advantage, and/or Medicare Supplement (Medigap) insurance.
by autoexec | 2025-09-11 16:25:23+00:00
Does microsoft windows count?

Honestly, I imagine that other nations should be very concerned about the small number of US based companies creating all the CPUs which could easily be backdoored. Same for the blackbox wireless chipsets our phones depend on too.

That and so many of the companies that people depend on are in the US (Google, Amazon, social media, Apple, MS, etc) since you have to think that the US government is collecting massive amounts of data from those places.
by dtagames | 2025-09-11 16:25:25+00:00
Even when politicians pretend to be speaking the truth, there is little veracity to their statements and little follow-up or follow-through. So having an AI or deepfake video do that for them seems like a natural next step.

If none of it is real, does it matter how it was made? Witness the massive announcements which are revoked, then reinstated, then revoked again. We are in another post-truth era in history. Myanmar used to cut newspaper articles out with scissors to censor them before delivering papers to foreigners. All propaganda is just that.
by pauldix | 2025-09-11 16:25:40+00:00
I've been following this team's work for a while and what they're doing is super interesting. The file format they created and put into the LF, Vortex, is very welcome innovation in the space: https://github.com/vortex-data/vortex

I'm excited to start doing some experimentation with Vortex to see how it can improve our products.

Great stuff, congrats to Will and team!
by crumpled | 2025-09-11 16:25:41+00:00
My wife uses her Pixel 4a to this day. I moved on from mine after some problems, but a factory wipe of the 4a actually fixed all of the problems with mine too.

And you know what else is cool? If the screen gets cracked or something doesn't work, you can take it to an independent repair shop and they can fix it.
by FireBeyond | 2025-09-11 16:25:50+00:00
"The US spends more in public spending on healthcare than other countries" isn't some great gotcha, it's proof that healthcare access in the US is vastly more expensive than in those companies.

Some great quotes from your own link about US healthcare:

> The underlying challenges in fixing U.S. healthcare may be multi-faceted and complex, but the overall diagnosis is clear: costs are out of control.

> In other words, costs seem to be out of whack across the board in the United States, regardless of whether it is private or public care being discussed.

> Spending keeps rising, but the effect of that spending seems to have decreasing marginal returns on life expectancy – a metric that is an important indicator for the overall effectiveness of any health system.

> It’s clear that Americans aren’t getting bang for their buck when it comes to medical treatment – so how is it to be fixed?

Your own link comprehensively and thoroughly disputes your original assertion:

> If you think health insurance is expensive now, wait until it's free!

> The only argument I hear is "other countries do it", which is just unpersuasive. It's not a serious argument. Propose something better

Given that all those countries pay less for the healthcare they provide AND have better morbidity and life expectancy outcomes, I dunno, that sounds "better" to me, but apparently you have a different definition?
by yepitwas | 2025-09-11 16:26:06+00:00
I've already seen (second hand, through my wife) a complete cycle of this:

- LLMs make writers (for the kind of formulaic crap we ghost-write) unnecessary. We're firing 75% of our writing + editing staff, mostly the writers. Editors will now use LLMs to do the whole thing.

- What do you mean even our best editor and best LLM-user is still taking 90% as long as the total writing + editing process before, and their parallel-work capabilities are down, so throughput is down to a trickle and also every remaining worker is pissed off about how intensely frustrating working with LLMs is so the whole team's grumbling about leaving? Of fuck, we committed (without asking you, naturally, and ignoring a ton of explicit warnings that this was a growing problem) to deadlines!

- Hires back nearly all the writers as contractors
by sometimes_all | 2025-09-11 16:26:51+00:00
I agree with this suggestion. Neither of the three listed will improve leadership or decision making skills; at best they'll inform you of what is currently going on, or might suggest some good books by referencing them.

A very similar approach to what parent suggests is in the book "How to Read a Book". It starts with explaining regular kinds of reading, and ends with synoptical reading - where you have to actually go and make a lot of effort to analyze, compare and contrast the current book with other stuff you have read.

Anyway, nothing grows soft and hard skills more than actually doing the legwork - just passivereading will not do much; active reading might help, but mixing reading with going out and actually doing stuff will help the most.
by mrguyorama | 2025-09-11 16:27:07+00:00
And in the years it would take for a new system to shake out of this disruption and chaos, most people would be unable to access healthcare for basically anything.

Isn't that just great?

I too would love to disconnect healthcare from employment, but good god is this the wrong way to do it. But the current administration has shown for over 20 years that it is utterly incapable of building a solution, so they will just keep tearing down what little of this system is effective while pocketing billions.
by cryptonector | 2025-09-11 16:28:03+00:00
> TGS-REPs which are colloquially referred to as TGS tickets or TGSs

They are NOT colloquially referred to as such by anyone I know.

A TGS-REP is just a reply from the TGS. A TGS-REP bears a ticket which can be a TGT or not depending on various things.

I have never, ever seen a TGS-REP referred to a you say.

I have heard lots of weird things in the Kerberos space, but not this. E.g., I've see "GSS-API" pronounced as "guhsappi". I've seen people say "give me the Kerberos" (meaning "tell me how to get credentials").

FYI I am a Kerberos implementor/maintainer and have authored several Internet RFCs on Kerberos, and have supported Kerberos deployments at several organizations. Sorry to pull credentials here, but I'm annoyed that you felt the need to correct TFA on something they were not wrong about.
by hagbard_c | 2025-09-11 16:28:14+00:00
OpenWRT on x86_64 does not use overlay mounts, here's an overview of a current instance running in a Proxmox-managed container:

/dev/mapper/pve-vm--500--disk--0 on / type ext4 (rw,relatime,stripe=512) none on /dev type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=492k,mode=755,uid=100000,gid=100000,inode64) proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) ... more proc mounts... sysfs on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) ... more sysfs mounts fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) udev on /dev/net type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=65960672k,nr_inodes=16490168,mode=755,inode64) none on /sys/fs/cgroup type cgroup2 (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) lxcfs on /proc/cpuinfo type fuse.lxcfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other) ... more lxcfs mounts udev on /dev/full type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=65960672k,nr_inodes=16490168,mode=755,inode64) ... more udev mounts devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=100005,mode=620,ptmxmode=666,max=1026) ... more devpts mounts none on /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=492k,mode=755,uid=100000,gid=100000,inode64) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,uid=100000,gid=100000,inode64)

No overlays, just a normal ext4 filesystem. Data in /etc is stored in /etc, data in /var is stored in /var, etc. OpenWRT running from a filesystem image is 'just another Linux distribution which happens to run the same software as that re-flashed router'.