MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by FooBarWidget | 2025-09-17 16:12:35+00:00
Unfortunately I think global investors are quite dumb. For example all the market analysts were very positive about ASML, Nvidia, etc but they all assumed sales to China would continue according to projections that don't take US sanctions or Chinese competition into account. Every time a sanction landed or a Chinese competitor made major step forward, it was surprise pikachu, even though enthusiasts who follow news on this topic saw it coming years ago.
by cjbarber | 2025-09-17 16:12:47+00:00
My observation is it's an equation between:

1) reward/incentive/expected good feelings

2) effort/displeasure of doing the thing and the result

One way to increase #1 is to make it more socially involved. If you're working on a project solitarily, start going to events and talking about it with people, or write about it online. Humans are massively socially motivated.

For #2, one way to address this is with emotional processing. Often something is unpleasant because it reminds of something we didn't like from the past. So really digesting those emotions can allow the expected displeasure to fade because we kind of integrate it into our brains/bodies. But the key for this is that it has to be emotional processing, not intellectual processing.
Launch HN: RunRL (YC X25) – Reinforcement learning as a service
by ag8 | 2025-09-17 16:13:00+00:00
Hey HN, we’re Andrew and Derik at RunRL (https://runrl.com/). We've built a platform to improve models and agents with reinforcement learning. If you can define a metric, we'll make your model or agent better, without you having to think about managing GPU clusters.

Here's a demo video: https://youtu.be/EtiBjs4jfCg

I (Andrew) was doing a PhD in reinforcement learning on language models, and everyone kept...not using RL because it was too hard to get running. At some point I realized that someone's got to sit down and actually write a good platform for running RL experiments.

Once this happened, people started using it for antiviral design, formal verification, browser agents, and a bunch of other cool applications, so we decided to make a startup out of it.

How it works:

- Choose an open-weight base model (weights are necessary for RL updates; Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507 is a good starting point)

- Upload a set of initial prompts ("Generate an antiviral targeting Sars-CoV-2 protease", "Prove this theorem", "What's the average summer high in Windhoek?")

- Define a reward function, using Python, an LLM-as-a-judge, or both

- For complex settings, you can define an entire multi-turn environment

- Watch the reward go up!

For most well-defined problems, a small open model + RunRL outperforms frontier models. (For instance, we've seen Qwen-3B do better than Claude 4.1 Opus on antiviral design.) This is because LLM intelligence is notoriously "spiky"; often models are decent-but-not-great at common-sense knowledge, are randomly good at a few domains, but make mistakes on lots of other tasks. RunRL creates spikes precisely on the tasks where you need them.

Pricing: $80/node-hour. Most models up to 14B parameters fit on one node (0.6-1.2 TB of VRAM). We do full fine-tuning, at the cost of parameter-efficiency (with RL, people seem to care a lot about the last few percent gains in e.g. agent reliability).

Next up: continuous learning; tool use. Tool use is currently in private beta, which you can join here: https://forms.gle/D2mSmeQDVCDraPQg8

We'd love to hear any thoughts, questions, or positive or negative reinforcement!
by PhotonHunter | 2025-09-17 16:13:03+00:00
I would argue that primacy in safety was insufficient: Volvo's consumer division was offloaded to Ford, and then Geely. Saab was even more obsessive about safety to the point of being pathologic, to their downfall, looted by GM for their knowledge of 4-cylinder turbos and engine management (truly ahead of their time) and left to wither on the vine. And it isn't like Mercedes was a laggard with safety, they had a number of firsts to their name and in the US did have a reputation as a safe car, just not an affordable one; safety was a part of the constellation of "the best or nothing", just not the whole thing. What true differences in safety exists between marques now?

I would also argue that efficiency is insufficient, at least in the US. For Toyota, while their hybrid tech is an incredible engineering accomplishment and certainly put them on the radar for many consumers, I don't know that it's the crown jewel; to wit, they started offering their hybrid tech royalty free a few years ago. If you want an efficient car, you can get one from a number of marques, but is there real demand for that?

You're right I think to call out Toyota as a counterexample, but I think it's the Toyota Way that truly distinguished Toyota and continues to do so. That seems to be the only hedge against decay, to bake a lasting, long-termism culture into the organization in day one and ruthlessly enforce it. There's a few other Japanese companies that come to mind that have similar storylines. It needs to be there in the beginning too, TPS isn't a secret, and JV attempts to share the knowledge (NUMMI) didn't seem to make a lasting impact without the culture to enforce it long-term.
by JimDabell | 2025-09-17 16:13:03+00:00
I like the idea.

UUIDs are often generated client-side. Am I right in thinking that this isn’t possible with this approach? Even if you let clients give you UUIDs and they gave them back the masked versions, wouldn't you be vulnerable to a client providing two UUIDs with different ts and the same rand? So this is only designed for when you are generating the UUIDv7s yourself?
by perihelions | 2025-09-17 16:13:10+00:00
That's right; that particular HHS Secretary comment was about Hepatitis B.

> "“Hepatitis B vaccine was made for prostitutes and for promiscuous gay men,” Kennedy said in an interview on his Children’s Health Defense show in 2022."

https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/06/25/rfk-jr-vacc...

The WaPo article doesn't bother to refute RFK's lies, but here's /r/medicine responding to them (in the context that's topical this week—RFK ordering the removal of the Hepatitis B vaccine from the children's schedule):

> "Let's be even more clear about this. If you contract Hep B in the first year of life, more than 90% develop the chronic form, and the need for liver transplant is much higher.... Worldwide, the second most common route for children under 5 to catch HBV is from other children, and that's not by doing IV drugs or having sex. (First most common is vertical, through mother.)"

https://old.reddit.com/r/medicine/comments/1niml9d/kennedys_...
by mhuffman | 2025-09-17 16:13:31+00:00
>From what I hear (pun intended) Noctua makes a great product both functionally and aesthetically

Can confirm. I was unaware of the large difference in different fans that weren't priced far apart previous to a Noctua recommendation. After hearing them in situ beside some other brands it is incredible the difference in sound. I strictly use them on my homelab and the spinning hard-drives make more noise than the fans.
by 0xbadcafebee | 2025-09-17 16:14:02+00:00
For every one hobbyist making some kind of interesting video that they couldn't have made without ad money, there are 1,000 moronic influencers making the same video about the same thing, grasping at ad money or free products to shill. YouTube is 99% dreck now. Hooray for the hobbyist, poor us having to wade through the influencer swamp.
by denis_dolya | 2025-09-17 16:14:15+00:00
ASTC, ETC, and DXT are indeed efficient formats, especially when hardware support is available. In my case, the target devices are microcontrollers without GPUs and with very limited RAM. A software decoder for these formats would require more resources than are realistically available. That is why I am exploring a simpler format that can be implemented with minimal overhead and predictable performance, even on very constrained hardware.
by lelanthran | 2025-09-17 16:14:21+00:00
> Some people literally believe that C maps directly to the machine, when it does not.

Maybe they did, 5 years (or more) ago when that essay came out. it was wrong even then, but repeating it is even more wrong.

> This is just a factual inaccuracy.

No. It's what we call A Strawman Argument, because no one in this thread claimed that C was uniquely close to the hardware.

Jumping in to destroy the argument when no one is making it is almost textbook example of strawmanning.
by ajross | 2025-09-17 16:14:22+00:00
I think that's right. Though my understanding is that the Windows code is derived from the original Intel one too and has evolved in tandem with the Intel-maintained driver. And... yeah, acpica (drivers/acpica/acpica) is just huge; I checked again and it's at 2.5MB of source code. All for a DSDT table parser and a virtual machine with about the capability of a 6502.
by denis_dolya | 2025-09-17 16:14:30+00:00
Restricting PNG to a smaller subset is a reasonable idea, and I did consider it. The challenge is that even a limited PNG still requires handling deflate compression and integrity checks, which add complexity to the parser. On many classes of microcontrollers, that creates unnecessary overhead and dependencies. My goal is to design a format that can be fully described on a single page of documentation and implemented from scratch in just a few hours, while remaining flexible enough to extend in the future.
by FooBarWidget | 2025-09-17 16:15:03+00:00
> Yes but that doesn't answer the question of how they got so close to nvidia.

Talent pool and market conditions. China was already cultivating a talent pool for decades, with limited success. But it had no market. Nobody, including Chinese, wanted to buy Chinese stuff. Without customers, they lacked practice to further develop their qualities. The sanctions gave them a captive market. That allowed them to get more practice to get better.

> But why wouldn't the west discover that same branch but now for EUV?

DUV and EUV are very different. They will have different branches. The point however is not whether the west can reach valuable branches or not. It's that western commentators have a tendency to paint Chinese efforts as futile, a dead end. For the Chinese, this is about survival. This is why western commentators keep being surprised by Chinese progress: they expected the Chinese to achieve nothing. From the Chinese perspective, any progress is better than none, but no progress is ever enough.
by waffletower | 2025-09-17 16:15:06+00:00
Transformer models, typically architected for and trained on 1d text streams, are not going to perform well on ARC-AGI. I like that the test corpus exists as I believe it suggests that other model architectures (perhaps co-existing with LLMs in a MoE fashion) are needed to generalize AI performance further. For example, if we constructed a 3d version of ARC-AGI (rather than relying on grids) humans would probably still outperform reasoning LLMs handily. However, expand ARC-AGI to 4d and I think human performance might start to become more comparable to LLM performance. 4d is as alien to us as 2d is to LLMs, in this narrow test corpus.
by crazygringo | 2025-09-17 16:15:13+00:00
I was just going off the top Google result based on AAA data. Took a closer look and it turns out it's the average for new cars [1], so the discrepancy must be that your statistic takes into account the secondhand market. Thanks for the correction.

In any case, the overall point is the same -- it's a vastly larger market than Search. And what Waymo currently charges, and the current cost of their cars, is irrelevant. Waymo's business model isn't based on the economics this year or next year. It's based on the economics ten and twenty years from now, when costs have fallen dramatically as they switch to cheaper models and gain massive economies of scale.

As for Tesla, it's hard to take seriously given all the promises it's made and completely failed to deliver on. Their trial currently has a safety human in a front seat and is limited to a tiny group of testers. It's so many years behind Waymo already, and it's unclear if the technological approach it's taking will ever be able to catch up or meet minimal safety requirements.

[1] https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/loans/auto-loans/total-co...
by patrakov | 2025-09-17 16:15:31+00:00
They assign it directly to the interface, and letting others connect to stuff behind CGNAT is indeed my use case.

Two other VPNs working for this purpose are OVPN (+1 for them using WireGuard, but their Singapore node is slow) and SwissVPN (limited to only 30 Mbps by contract, but they do provide these contracted 30 Mbps).
by cman1444 | 2025-09-17 16:15:51+00:00
I disagree. Building trains in America is next to impossible in the modern day. Obtaining the property for the railways would be extraordinarily difficult, because America has such strong property rights and is such a legalistic society. It's a recipe for way over-budget and behind schedule projects. Just look at the California project. There's also very little expertise in the rail industry in America due to underinvestment in recent decades. Furthermore, the built environment is so spread out because it was built for cars, so you don't get the clustering effects of density around train stations. Rail isn't that helpful if you have to walk another 30 minutes from the station to actually get to your destination.

Also, I think your assertion that autonomous cars don't solve traffic is partially wrong. If entire fleets of cars can "think" as a whole, you can avoid some traffic problems, such as traffic waves, that occur due to individual decision-makers.
by yorwba | 2025-09-17 16:15:51+00:00
The export controls made it difficult for Chinese companies to acquire large numbers of GPUs, which prevented them from expanding business models that rely on buying more GPUs to serve more customers, which means that Chinese companies have much, much lower budgets for GPU procurement than their American counterparts. https://chinai.substack.com/p/chinai-323-the-ai-deflation-of...

So a new homegrown chip would have to capture a very large share of this relatively small market to make significant volume. That makes it rather risky for profit-driven investors.

Politically directed investment probably increased, but in the end the private sector also needs to be on board.
by rangestransform | 2025-09-17 16:15:52+00:00
> It doesn't really help consumers whose whole point is to get from point A to B in the quickest and most comfortable manner.

It does, I'm certainly more comfortable in an i-Pace than most of the economy hoopties I've ubered in. The time penalty is minimal (except for that time I had to chase a waymo around the block), and worth it for the comfort and safety.

> It doesn't help traffic, and it only will if self driving cars are already the majority, which is a convenient perspective for developers of this tech, but is not viable and not a true statement.

It certainly helps me arrive to my destination quicker than muni metro which I can often run faster than. Throwing individual benefit under the bus for collective benefit is rightfully a non-starter in the US.

> I don't want to be that guy, but we all know trains and trams are the better tech. Luxury trains/trams would be a banger. Private rooms with better amenities than a car, why not?

How much would a private room cost, even if we had ubiquitous Japan-tier rail?

> The autonomous car industry is a few things: car protectionism, oil protectionism, autonomous warfare development and gimmicks.

And fulfillment of individual desires
by colesantiago | 2025-09-17 16:15:54+00:00
So how is this going to make back the $120M or more?

What is the monetization strategy?

Are we going to be buying lab grown Dodo Birds as pets?

Perhaps are we going to be sponsoring a Dodo bird for $1M or $10M?

Maybe financial firms will be sponsors of the initial newly hatched Dodo birds or (even better) buy a share of the sponsorship of the Dodo bird (buy 30% of the sponsorship).

OK, so that might be it, financialization of extinct species!
by avs733 | 2025-09-17 16:16:01+00:00
and RAPIDLY growing in Atlanta from what I see as I wander the city. I just saw one of their new Geely based vehicles today for the first time.

I will say as someone who is suspicious of self driving cars...they are not really worse than Atlanta drivers as a typical pedestrian. They are dangerous in different ways...but not necessarily more or less.
by bee_rider | 2025-09-17 16:16:01+00:00
I think this is also the connotation in English. We got it from Greek mostly, correct? I thought it meant something like “right-belief.”

It can be contrasted against orthopraxy, right-practice, where the actions are more important than the belief or intent.

Based on the other comments here, these orthodox file browsers are based on a sort of underlying language,

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45271878

> The "orthodox" comes from a specific type of GUI, namely one that is driven by commands under the hood. UI elements are merely used to trigger commands that have the actual effect, and these commands could just as well be executed by hand, or automated into more complex commands.

It… kind of makes sense actually, if we stretch the definitions a bit, haha. The orthodox UI has some button, which is translated into a sequence of commands that represent the actual user intent.

The alternative is just to have the button do the thing directly, there’s no description of the user intent other than what the button does. It is quite a stretch but maybe we could call that the an Orthoprax UI.
by tomrod | 2025-09-17 16:16:23+00:00
Morally, you should filter ads. If ads could be relevant, vetted, non-intrusive, and ancillary to the experience, all actions that are required to be performed by the ad platform Youtube/Google, then you wouldn't have much moral leg to stand on.

Due to YT/G's moral failings to host a sufficiently serviceable platform for their product, your eyes, then your only real recourse outside adblocking is to buy a device and put on a separate network with no reasonably important traffic.

I don't lose one bit of sleep knowing that adblocking prevents Google from externalizing their curation costs onto me.
by Insanity | 2025-09-17 16:16:27+00:00
I used to game on Linux back in the late 2000s through Wine. And I always found the mouse support to be jarring, even if I could get support to a decent level, for some reason the mouse input was never quite as fluid as it should have been.

And now I'm reluctant to move back to Linux for gaming, even though they've clearly come so far. I guess I should just go ahead and give it another shot.
by slightwinder | 2025-09-17 16:16:59+00:00
> many pretend that they are indie content creators when they are just the marketing / growth hacking arm of the sponsor.

Just curious, but can't they be both?

I don't know those channels. The one I regularly see are very diverse in their partners, and usually the content is unrelated to the promotions. But overall those promotions are negotiated based on viewer counts, and at a certain size, they are more valuable than earnings from ads.
by granzymes | 2025-09-17 16:17:17+00:00
According to the GitHub issue, YouTube didn’t change anything. There are two endpoints that can be used to attribute a view. One is called multiple times throughout a video playback and has been in the easylist privacy filter for years. The other is called at the start of a playback, and was just added to the list (the timing lines up with the reports of view drops from tech YouTubers).

This is not definitive proof that easylist caused the view drops, but it’s I’ve read the issue and a writeup by a YouTube creator and it seems pretty likely.
by ysleepy | 2025-09-17 16:17:23+00:00
It's not trivial to find it, you need to set it to dGPU only mode via mux switch and then let the LatencyMon test running for more than 120seconds.

(I'm not sure if it lags in igpu pass-through mode)

notebookcheck does report latencymon numbers and even remarks when it says the laptop is not recommended for real time audio:

https://www.notebookcheck.net/The-RTX-5090-Laptop-and-mini-L...

They don't see these extreme values though.
by Yasuraka | 2025-09-17 16:17:34+00:00
> Git != Github

That's why I'm putting emphasis on it, because to Go it is.

And to languages that actually have centralized package repositories it isn't. There is a difference between code and packages and Go simply does not have the latter (in the traditional sense - what Go calls a package is a collection of source files in the same directory that are compiled together within a module (a module is a collection of packages (again, code) that are released, versioned, and distributed together. Modules may be downloaded directly from version control repositories or via proxy servers)).

To the other languages mentioned above, packages may have binaries, metadata and special script hooks. There is a package manager like pip , cargo or npm and if you want to install one, you won't have to specify a URL because there is a canonical domain to go to.

Go just knows code and it'll use git, hg or even svn. And if you want to claim that lots of open-source code being on GitHub makes it special, then

> GitHub is every single programming language's centralized package repository

and

> Someone at Microsoft with root access could compromise every user of every single programming language
by awaythrow999 | 2025-09-17 16:17:38+00:00
Why would thet be a conspiracy theory. The public facing guy who is behind Warfronts has 4 other channels that peddle content unrelated to natsec/warfare. If you follow "cappy army" and the drama he went through at "task and purpose" his former employer it becomes pretty clear that there are entire media companies behind what looks like "a single hobbyist content creator expat living in Prague" ...
by psychoslave | 2025-09-17 16:18:30+00:00
The problem is not they ask experts. Politicians are so utterly incompetent on the thing they are putting law on, at the level they will believe openoffice is a firewall[1]. That doesn’t mean all of them are that blatantly unaware of the basics for which they are supposed to decide of some rule, but that is definitely a thing.

The next thing is, do they know how to rely efficiently on a diverse panel of expert, or do they take only yes-man/lobby-funded experts around them?

On a deeper level, are they accountable of the consequences of their actions when they enforce laws which any mildly skilled person in the field could tell will have disastrous side effects and not any meaningful effect on the (supposedly) intended goal?

What we need is direct democracy, where every apt citizen have a duty to actively engage in the rules applied without caste exception.

Let’s protect children, yes. What about making sure not any stay without a shelve to pass the winter[2]? Destroying the right of private conversation except for the caste which decide to impose that for everyone else is the very exact move to offering children a brighter future.

[1] https://framablog.org/2009/04/02/hadopi-albanel-pare-feu-ope... [2] https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20240919.OBS93798/en-europ...
by Sanzig | 2025-09-17 16:18:34+00:00
A deepfake version of Mark Carney keeps trying to get me to sign up for scam crypto exchanges. Clicking the report link does nothing.

With all the money that Google has plowed into AI, they clearly could solve this problem if they want to. The fact that it's still an issue means they don't care, or are happy to take the ad money from the fraudsters.
by johanyc | 2025-09-17 16:18:43+00:00
> The automated “Skip Ahead” button (which I use daily) is already hostile to sponsorships

Is it? If I proactively click skip, that means that sponsor is offering something of no use to me. As the sponsor, they successfully make an impression for a second or two anyway. And as a viewer that skip ahead button is much better than pressing right arrow button multiple times