MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Archelaos | 2025-09-21 19:20:12+00:00
> Germany was behind the UK even before WW2.

Yep. -- I noticed that the first link of my comment is somehow not working. Here is another reference for those who want some numbers. It is a German publication ("Deutschland in Daten", PDF) but the relevant tables should be understandable anyway:

https://www.bpb.de/system/files/dokument_pdf/deutschland_in_...

For GDP per capita in "International dollar"/"Geary-Khamis-Dollar" for Germany, France, Italy, Japan, Great Britain, USA in the period 1850-2019, see p. 312 and 313.

According to this publication, 1930, 1940 and 1950 the German GDP per capita was about 75% of that of Great Britain. However, there was a big dip right after 1945 shown in the second table.

The German "economic miracle" ("Wirtschaftswunder") of the 1950s and 1960s was in essence not an outperformance of other western countries in absolute terms, but a catching-up process with them. The same holds for Japan. The process lost momentum, when parity with most of the other major economies was reached.

However, the USA have always been considerably ahead since WW2. -- So much to the slogan "Make America great again". It seems to be based on a very distorted self-image of having a backward economy, for which I have no sound explanation as an outside observer. And even if it were not about the general economic situation, but about a growing disparity inside the country, then a solution to better the situation, when the country is already so much ahead economically, cannot come from outside, but must be domestic.
by egorfine | 2025-09-21 19:20:23+00:00
> We've run services like that for decades but that doesn't mean there aren't problems with it.

True. But at the same time this also doesn't mean that multiplying tmps are going to solve those problems while not introducing quite a lot of others.

> you have like 4 replies to my comment

I did that as a courtesy to readers and you so that we can have different disagreements on different topics that you have covered in the original comment.
by huhkerrf | 2025-09-21 19:20:45+00:00
I still get annoyed when I think of this tweet by French Green party Senator Melanie Vogel after Germany shut down its last reactor: https://x.com/Melanie_Vogel_/status/1647352302171308036

> Sex is good but have you tried having your country shutting down its last nuclear power plants in 30 mn?

It's so absolutely horribly short sighted.
by rcxdude | 2025-09-21 19:21:21+00:00
And yet students at independent schools are twice as likely to get all As than those at state schools. Do you think it's likely that all the smart students happen to have the means to go to the independent schools? Keep in mind the grades are not the main filter for oxbridge: probably the largest is whether the students apply in the first place, and then the latter is the interview, which matters a lot for determining which people with good enough grades are actually good enough to get in.
by Veserv | 2025-09-21 19:22:20+00:00
While PSP seems like a reasonable protocol on its own, it is such a prime example of the left hand not knowing what the right is doing.

QUIC (over UDP) also requires encryption at its protocol layer in addition to encoding a encryption context identifier that is comparable, but non-compatible with the PSP header. So, a implementation that properly conforms to both standards would double encrypt the same data and send redundant headers/identifiers with no added security.

They could relatively easily restructure QUIC and PSP to be fully compatible, letting PSP do connection identification and encryption and then layering QUIC framing on top. But no. What a mess.
by varispeed | 2025-09-21 19:22:35+00:00
Sadly most UK universities are just visa mills and status symbols for overseas parents. This means they do token teaching and locals actually wanting to learn something are left with little. Lecturers literally tell you to just use YouTube or Udemy to understand subject matter while themselves barely speak English and presumably get their presentations done of Fiverr. Complaints get dismissed because they want to maintain facade and students themselves won't speak up, because it would mean the degree parents paid for is not worth the paper it is written on. If you plan to study in the UK, do your research and be careful.
by Dilettante_ | 2025-09-21 19:22:51+00:00
>I'm not interested in how difficult this is for a LLM. This is not the question.

And neither was that my point. It is a complex problen, full stop. Again, your own inability to look past your personal abstractions ("just do the thing, it's literally one step dude") is what makes it feel simple. You ever do that "instruct someone to make coffee" exercise when you started out? What you're doing is saying "just make the coffee", refusing to decompose the problen any further, and then complaining that the other person is bad at following instructions.
by dragonwriter | 2025-09-21 19:22:54+00:00
> I'm still in the camp that air fryers are stupid. A convection oven does literally the same thing.

Air fryers are convection ovens, just with higher capacity fans relative to their own size compared to typical convection ovens (large convection ovens are sometimes coming with "air fryer" modes that replicate this, now.)

OTOH, aside from the utiltiy of having an additional smaller oven—which is not negligible, for many people’s cooking patterns—plenty of existing ranges include conventional rather than convection ovens, and adding an air fryer is a lot cheaper than replacing the range.

> Also, portable air fryers make such small servings that they're useless for people with families.

I have a family, and a countertop (I assume that’s what you mean by “portable”) air fryer/toaster oven, and I don't find that to be the case. We get a lot of use out of it.
by r14c | 2025-09-21 19:23:00+00:00
Modern life is really good at isolating people. I've faced plenty of struggles in my life and its always the hardest when I don't have a community to lean on. There's a lot to criticize about modern life, sure, but the worst part to me is how challenging we make building and maintaining communities. Displacement has a huge psychological cost that we don't pay a lot of attention to.
by mrweasel | 2025-09-21 19:25:06+00:00
Part of this is something I've been thinking about lately. We're reluctant, if not down right unwilling, to un-invent things. By and large we've generally invented things that improve our lives, but with a few slip ups. Some of the slip ups we've undone or trying to undo, e.g. freon based refrigeration, fossil fuels (a be it VERY slowly) and some questionable medical procedures. Other mistakes we're not willing to undo, either do to commercial reason or because we don't like being bored. We seem to be rather unwilling to undo things that hurt us mentally.

Things I really think we need to rollback include social media, which on paper seems like a good idea, but doesn't work well in practise. The same goes (highly) commercialized TV. The 24 hour news-cycle isn't providing any real value, but is still immensely harmful. You can just avoid those thing, but many people can't, they are mentally not equipped to do so. Even those of us who think that we're in control of our media consumption will often catch ourself slipping.

We've created a world that we can't mentally handle, but we're not willing to rollback the inventions that are clearly harmful, because they are profitable and we're bored. We can barely manage gambling, we not even trying to manage or just label media.
by Natsu | 2025-09-21 19:25:46+00:00
> de-stigmatizing public transport

I don't avoid it because of "stigma" but lived experience where it takes 2x as long to get anywhere and I'm far more likely to get assaulted by some rando while minding my own business or having to deal with someone else's bodily fluids or public intoxication.

But I loved public transport back in places and times where I felt safer.
by Aurornis | 2025-09-21 19:26:11+00:00
The social media definition of trauma has diverged from the clinician definition. The social media version of “trauma” is used to define anything stressful.

When we start redefining trauma to cover everything down to the basic realities of life like having to pay for rent to live somewhere, the term loses meaning. With a definition this broad, where do we draw the line between stress and trauma? Is there a line between basic inconvenience and trauma, if the person suffering the inconvenience doesn’t handle it well?

The less discussed problem is that some people have a problem of exaggerating everything into catastrophic stressors, thereby turning common experiences into traumas. This itself is a problem that is addressed through therapy, but it’s not as amenable to garnering sympathy on social media. It’s not appealing to read someone whine about having to work a job to eat food in a first world country, because that’s life and it’s a hundred times easier than it was for our ancestors. However, reframe that as a high-brow article about the perils of capitalism and how it inflicts trauma on us and causes PTSD and now it feels like we are the victims who deserve sympathy.
by rcxdude | 2025-09-21 19:26:15+00:00
To add to this: Oxford and Cambridge always get the smartest in the country, and they don't struggle to identify them. From what I know of the admissions process, there's three fairly obvious groups of applicants to oxbridge: people who are obviously ludicrously smart and driven and will not struggle at all with the course, who are obvious accepts but are not nearly enough to fill a year group; those who are obviously not cut out for it and are rejected outright, and those who are probably going to be OK but it's not a slam-dunk. The main challenge for them is picking those with the best chances out of the third group.
by defanor | 2025-09-21 19:26:57+00:00
I get those "math processing errors" in Firefox, after some time. Some of the error messages, which appear right before those:

GET https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/themes/quanta2024/frontend/js/mathjax/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/imagedata.js?V=2.7.0 NS_ERROR_CORRUPTED_CONTENT The resource from “https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/themes/quanta2024/frontend/js/mathjax/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/imagedata.js?V=2.7.0” was blocked due to MIME type (“text/html”) mismatch (X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff). Loading failed for the <script> with source “https://www.quantamagazine.org/wp-content/themes/quanta2024/frontend/js/mathjax/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/imagedata.js?V=2.7.0”. how-isaac-newton-discovered-the-binomial-power-series-20220831:1:1 Uncaught TypeError: c.FONTDATA.FONTS.MathJax_Main[8212][5] is undefined

The URL leads to error 404.
by lanstin | 2025-09-21 19:27:03+00:00
This phenomenon is not new; the love of drama that even common and routine trauma leaves many people with makes these sorts of attractions to diagnoses very appealing. I once hung out a lot with a class of masters students in experimental psychology and they all went thru evaluating their own minds thru the lens of various pathologies.

My own childhood included the relatively common experience of being sexually assaulted by a relative and being threatened with death if I talked about it, and as a young adult, while I never quite believed I had MPD, I read so many books by and on multiple personality disorder, and took both comfort and inspiration from the stories.

Like so many other things in our human society, networked technology is making this part of society more visible.
by mopsi | 2025-09-21 19:27:14+00:00
Everyone of importance on the Soviet/Russian side has refuted this. See here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43149963 and https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43353857

Gorbachev himself said that even if they wanted to, officials in the West cannot give such assurances, because the voters can replace them at any moment, and added that if they had had an agreement, they would've written it down for exacly that reason. Soviet diplomats were not dumb.

Not to mention that the alleged assurance is anachronistic, as the Soviet foreign minister at the time has pointed out. Germany bordered the Warsaw Pact and there was nowhere for NATO to "expand" in 1990 and thus nothing to discuss. Map: https://i.imgur.com/TQgnuIF.jpeg
by moomin | 2025-09-21 19:27:28+00:00
I know a small bit about energy in the UK and one thing I know is this isn’t the first time a Labour government has taken a big swing for nuclear. Indeed, I suspect the exact same guy has been behind it both times. But it’s never happened, and I have to suspect this is because, as great as the technology is, the U.K. just doesn’t really need it and it’s not really commercially viable. Renewables plus batteries are already pretty competitive and are only getting cheaper and more effective with every passing year. Gas is still cheap and can take uo the base load slack. The only way this stops being true is if Putin turns the taps off, but he’s blinked too often on that front.
by guizmo | 2025-09-21 19:28:28+00:00
You don't punish Israel by giving a victory to Hamas. You punish the next victim of terrorism after you recognized that it works to make you obey.

If killing as many palestinians as possible was the intention of the Israel military, they wouldn't need to go into Gaza city, they would bomb it without sending troops on the ground. The only reason for going on the ground and losing soldiers is to go dig out the Hamas.

Having the intention of annihilating Hamas isn't genocidal.
by patanegra | 2025-09-21 19:28:32+00:00
Oh yes, I have kids in a prep school where half of the class goes to Eton, and the rest to Winchester, Harrow, Seven Oaks, Derby... Now, for the past few years, almost no parents want to send kids to Eton. They know how much are those kids discriminated against. It's better to send them to a school with lower profile.
by buu709 | 2025-09-21 19:28:42+00:00
I recently read Burn[0]. It lined up very well with my weight experiences and explains how the mind/body works with food.

One of the things they found that lines up with my experience is the fact that exercise doesn't necessarly burn calories - your body will end up adjusting to any exercise routine (up to a point, but you'd have to go pro athlete levels to really make a difference.) For instance, I walk around 10km daily for my job; when I switched from an office job to this one I started feeling hungrier and thus ate a bit more - I ended up putting on weight even though I was getting much more exercise!

[0]https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/57977402
by ack_complete | 2025-09-21 19:28:58+00:00
The Agility SDK is unrelated to what is being discussed here. It is a delivery mechanism for the Direct3D 12 runtime instead of DXGI, it is opt-in from the application side, and is done through a more stable loader stage in the core OS instead of hot-patching.

It does, however, give insight into the situation that the DirectX team is in. The in-box version of D3D12Core in the latest version of Windows 11 is SDK version 612. This can be compared against the released Agility SDK versions:

https://devblogs.microsoft.com/directx/gettingstarted-dx12ag...

SDK version 612 is just before the 613 Agility SDK release on 3/11/2024. This means that the version of DirectX 12 they are able to ship in the main OS is a year and a half behind the latest released version.
by lapcat | 2025-09-21 19:29:00+00:00
> I did not say the submitted article was history.

I did not say that you did say that.

> I answered why someone would submit an article with out of date information.

And I explained why history is not the same as out of date information. Thus, you have not explained why someone would submit an article with out of date information.

Submitting history is fine. Submitting out of date information is not fine, and it wasn't done in this case, because the information continues to be accurate.
by fizzynut | 2025-09-21 19:29:18+00:00
The depth is 32 bit, not the index into the file.

If you are nesting 2 Billion times in a row ( at minimum this means repeat { 2 billion times followed by a value before } another 2 billion times. You have messed up.

You have 4GB of "padding"...at minimum.

You file is going to be Petabytes in size for this to make any sense.

You are using a terrible format for whatever you are doing.

You are going to need a completely custom parser because nothing will fit in memory. I don't care how much RAM you have.

Simply accessing an element means traversing a nested object 2 billion times in probably any parser in the world is going to take somewhere between minutes and weeks per access.

All that is going to happen in this program is a crash.

I appreciate that people want to have some pointless if(depth > 0) check everywhere, but if your depth is anywhere north of million in any real world program, something messed up a long long time ago, never mind waiting until it hits 2 billion.
by thunky | 2025-09-21 19:29:28+00:00
The link listing journalists killed by Israel is crazy. Some recent examples:

> Killed when Israeli forces struck a tent sheltering Palestinians.

> Killed by an Israeli airstrike on his home.

> Killed by drone fire while collecting water near the Hamad Towers in Khan Yunis.

> Killed along with her husband and children after Israeli forces shelled a residential apartment.

> Shot by Israeli forces.

> Killed in her home by an Israeli airstrike along with her two brothers.

> Killed by an Israeli helicopter strike, along with three of his relatives.

> Killed in an Israeli airstrike along with her husband and four of their children. She was also pregnant at the time of her death.
by luxuryballs | 2025-09-21 19:29:28+00:00
Government being “good for business” hasn’t exactly been great for the country or the citizens so this isn’t a surprising sentiment when the pendulum starts swinging back against globalism, though it is a bit ironic considering it’s the right that often is more outspoken about preventing the government from getting in their way. Really the government has become so overblown and over regulating and businesses have adapted to it so much that it became a big machine of corporate fascism with extra steps, and now they are trying to roll it back to the dismay of the people still working within it.
by Foivos | 2025-09-21 19:29:46+00:00
I imagined a solution where authorities would notify the hosting company of the IPs that are streaming. It should be obvious for the hosting company which customer is using these IPs for streaming illegal content just by studying the traffic pattern, no need to actually look inside the packets.

Then they can just ban this customer. That way the authorities will not have a reason to ban IP ranges affecting the other customers.
by crawfordcomeaux | 2025-09-21 19:30:22+00:00
Your friends in psychiartry...are they acknowledging the impact of living under oppression as a direct cause of issues & advocating for an end to oppression?

Because that's what many healers outside of western medicine are touting.

People are amplifying because the western medicine approach isn't addressing underlying issues & so people are trying to explain the compounding of their issues in the language of western medicine. The dismissiveness in these comments is a direct driver of this culture.
by koolba | 2025-09-21 19:30:27+00:00
> If there is a conscious intent of disregarding safety as you say, the Readme should have a prominent warning about that.

What do you consider this clause in the LICENSE:

>> THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
by Animats | 2025-09-21 19:30:33+00:00
You know, stuff like this, which I had to write today, for turning a 2D floating point height map into a 2D greyscale image.

let max = self .heights .elements_row_major_iter() .max_by(|a, b| a.total_cmp(b)) .unwrap(); let min = self .heights .elements_row_major_iter() .min_by(|a, b| a.total_cmp(b)) .unwrap(); // Scale into 0..255 let range = (max - min).max(0.001); let height_array = self .heights .as_rows() .into_iter() .map(|r| { r.into_iter() .map(|v| ((((v - min) / range) / 256.0).round() as usize).clamp(0, 255) as u8) .collect() }) .collect();

After Rust formats it, it's probably more lines than doing it with FOR statements. Every parenthesis matters. So much of the typing is implicit that it's not at all clear what's going on.
by aerostable_slug | 2025-09-21 19:31:32+00:00
Shoddy journalism, as it's both true and misleading. There's little application for covert evidence gathering in these immigration enforcement actions: the targets are already eligible for removal. There's no need to build a case.

I can't imagine it's super common for credit card microphones to be used in complex DEA-led surveillance operations simply to locate ICE targets. They're hitting Home Depots, weed grow farms, factories known to employ foreign nationals in ways inconsistent with their immigration status, etc. — this is low-hanging fruit, and often the only reason the subjects are still in the country is the fact that they're in a sanctuary states so the locals haven't already done the work.
by munificent | 2025-09-21 19:31:40+00:00
> One might argue that if someone is appreciated on the basis of whether that person makes one feel good in the moment - they are being treated no different than a drug (alcohol, etc).

I think this is a very consumer-centric reductionist way to look at human interaction.

We are a social species and have been so for millions of years. Social connection and interaction is deeply encoded into our genes. We have dedicated cranial hardware for recognizing faces and emotions in others. We have a complex larynx and tongue entirely so that we can make sounds that convey meaning to other humans.

Given that, it's entirely reasonable to state that we need human connection not as a drug-like balm to cover a failure to be a sufficiently hardcore individualist, but because that as what it means to be human. You wouldn't say a worker ant dying on its own is a failed ant. Ants need their colonies to be ants. We need our tribes to be people.
by yoyohello13 | 2025-09-21 19:32:08+00:00
I do weightlifting Monday, Wednesday, Friday. Full body sessions focusing on the big compound lifts. That usually takes about 1 hour + plus a little 10min HIIT finisher to get the heart rate up if I’m feeling good. Then Tuesday, Thursday I do 20-40 min run depending on how my body is feeling, generally ends up being between 2-4 miles. Saturday is a rest day and Sunday I go to the trails for a long run/hike. I try to go 60+mins for those which end up being anywhere from 5 to 8 miles depending on how many uphills I choose to tackle.

Overall I find it pretty sustainable and I really look forward to the Sunday trail run.
by squigz | 2025-09-21 19:32:51+00:00
While I'd agree that (at least for some people) the outgroups' social group would become a bigger issue during encounters, I would argue that the familiarity brought on by that hypothesis would not only reduce the number and size of "outgroups", but also reduce the number of people who would react negatively to "outgroups," as well as their susceptibility to race/nation/etc-based propaganda (which, interestingly, your 2nd link seems to suggest)

Anyway, while I think there's some truth here, I do believe the benefits far outweigh the costs - in this instance, but also for the Internet in general, when you consider the other benefits (and risks of course) it brings - accessibility to education, for example.