MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by jilles | 2025-09-02 21:35:58+00:00
I fed the same prompt to Deepseek:

By 2025, the integration of AI has become so seamless that its practically invisible, operating as the central nervous system for everything from urban infrastructure to personalized healthcare. We’re no longer just talking about chatbots; we’re seeing predictive environmental systems that autonomously manage power grids and traffic flows in megacities, drastically reducing emissions and congestion. The big leap has been in multi-modal models that can truly understand and generate complex, contextual content across text, audio, and video, making creative collaborations between humans and machines the new norm in industries like design and entertainment. Its a shift from tools to partners.

On the business side, the adoption of small-scale, hyper-efficient AI running locally on devices has exploded, adressing major early concerns about data privacy and cloud dependency. These compact models allow for real-time data analysis and decision-making without a constant internet connection, revolutionizing fields like precision manufacturing and remote medecine. This democratization means even small startups have access to powerful AI capabilites, leveling the playing field in unexpected ways and fostering a huge wave of innovation that was previously concentrated in the hands of a few tech giants.

It did a pretty good job with its (should be it's), adressing (should be addressing), medecine (medicine) and capabilites (should be capabilities)
by gruez | 2025-09-02 21:36:09+00:00
>and it was in fact one of their main arguments

It really wasn't. If you look at the table of contents, the part about was the class being too big was:

1. in one of the two top level arguments (II)

2. of (II), it was one of 6 sub-arguments (F)

3. of (F), the actual argument is "Plaintiffs Have Not Satisfied Rule 23(b)(3)’s Superiority Requirement.", of which the class was too big was one of three factors. For reference the other two are "the individualized issues on which their claims depend, and the overwhelming evidence that the challenged conduct resulted in lower prices in Amazon’s store"

>Seems to me the parent was totally justified in calling it a wild argument.

It really isn't. The specific legal standard is that if the total time to adjudicate all the class members is large, then class certification should be denied. This seems reasonable to me, at least in isolation. What's the point of a legal case that takes so long to resolve that by the time it's finished, everyone involved would be dead? Again, you might not agree with Amazon's argument that it's too complex to be resolved, and it's fine to deride them for thinking that the case is too complex for the court system to handle, but they're simply not making the claim that they should be let off the hook on the basis of 300 million plaintiffs alone.
by toomuchtodo | 2025-09-02 21:36:38+00:00
Perhaps you replied to the wrong comment? The one you replied to speaks to California, not China.

US coal plant phase out tracking at https://coal.sierraclub.org/coal-plant-map and https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=64604 | Europe at https://beyondfossilfuels.org/europes-coal-exit/

(existing coal is more expensive than new renewables and storage in the US and Europe, I cannot speak to the cost in China)
by NoLinkToMe | 2025-09-02 21:37:12+00:00
There's a few points of nuance though.

1. it's not a representative month. Building a solar farm for two years and having it go online in one month, leads to big jumps. If you look at the previous year, in 2024 China added 277 GW, so 23 MW per month.

2. At the end of 2024 the US had 239 GW installed. So about the same order of magnitude as China added in 2024 (277 GW, or 15% more).

3. The fact China added in 2024 a similar amount of solar capacity as the US in its entire history, is partly a function of exponential growth in solar in general.

For example Spain doubled its capacity in 2019 versus 2018. Then doubled it again two years later in 2021. Then almost doubled it again two years later in 2022 etc.

In other words it's not so strange in solar actually to see you add in a single year, the same capacity as you've built in all the years prior, regardless of whether it is China. Spain doubled in 1-year period, and then doubled twice in a row in a 2-year period, in the most recent years.

Still it's an insane stat, just wanted to add some nuance. -- The fact we have a president who utters nonsense about wind and solar and is actively working against it, is insane and sad.
by kevinwuhoo | 2025-09-02 21:37:42+00:00
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by xg15 | 2025-09-02 21:38:33+00:00
I think the general idea of function colors has some merit - when done right, it's a crude way to communicate information about a function's expected runtime in a way that can be enforced by the environment: A sync function is expected to run short enough that it's not user-perceptible, whereas an async function can run for an arbitrary amount of time. In "exchange", you get tools to manage the async function while it runs. If a sync function runs too long (on the event loop) this can be detected and flagged as an error.

Maybe a useful approach for a language would be to make "colors" a first-class part of the type system and support them in generics, etc.

Or go a step further and add full-fledged time complexity tracking to the type system.
by toomuchtodo | 2025-09-02 21:38:51+00:00
The US farms 60 million acres for corn and soybean biofuels currently. Lots of suboptimal ag land available for more efficient energy production (besides rooftops, irrigation canals, parking lots, etc; California has 4k miles of irrigation canals they can cover with solar PV, and is actively working towards this goal). As _aavaa_ mentions, agrivoltaics are very favorably for solar PV and ag production synergies.

(average age of farmers is ~58 years old, and with the decline in labor for ag, now is an optimal time to lease and lock up this land for renewables for the next 25-30 years [at which point generators can be repowered or the land returned to its previous condition])

There Is One Clear Winner In The Corn Vs. Solar Battle - https://cleantechnica.com/2025/04/26/there-is-one-clear-winn... - April 28th, 2025

Ecologically informed solar enables a sustainable energy transition in US croplands - https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2501605122 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2501605122

New study compares growing corn for energy to solar production. It’s no contest. - https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2025/04/new-study-compa... - April 25th, 2025

Impacts of agrisolar co-location on the food–energy–water nexus and economic security - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-025-01546-4 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01546-4

HN Search: agrivoltaics (sorted by date) - https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
by daxfohl | 2025-09-02 21:39:04+00:00
This was from a few months ago, so things may be different now. I only used OpenAI, and the o3 model did by far the best (gpt-4o's performance was equivalent on the basic scenario when I had it just move one move at a time (which, it was still pretty good, all considered), but when I started having it summarize state and such, o3 was able to use that to improve performance, whereas 4o actually got worse).

But yeah, that's one of the things I tried. "Your turn is over. Please summarize everything you have learned about the maze so someone else can pick up where you left off". It did okay, but it often included superfluous information, it sometimes forgot to include current orientation (the maze action options were "move forward", "turn right", "turn left", so knowing the current orientation was important), and it always forgot to include instructions on how to interpret the state: in particular, which absolute direction corresponded to an increase or decrease of which grid index.

I even tried to coax it into defining a formal state representation and "instructions for an LLM to use it" up-front, to see if it would remember to include the direction/index correspondence, but it never did. It was amusing actually; it was apparent it was just doing whatever I told it and not thinking for itself. Something like

"Do you think you should include a map in the state representation? Would that be useful?"

"Yes, great idea! Here is a field for a map, and an algorithm to build it"

"Do you think a map would be too much information?"

"Yes, great consideration! I have removed the map field"

"No, I'm asking you. You're the one that's going to use this. Do you want a map or not?"

"It's up to you! I can implement it however you like!"
by Nextgrid | 2025-09-02 21:39:19+00:00
Biggest difference is that SSH keys allow you to store and submit the public key without the private key being present.

With passkeys, the private key must be present and usable (at least with current implementations) at the time of enrolment.

This raises a major problem: with SSH keys you can keep an backup key in a secure location (bank vault, etc) and still be able to register it. With passkeys your backup key must be present and connected when registering it, so you can’t keep it in a secure location as you always need it when registering. This exposes both keys to risks such as hardware failure (let’s say faulty USB port that spikes anything plugged in with 12V… you connect your main key, it doesn’t work, now you connect your backup key and same thing happens… by the time you realize both your primary and backup keys are toast).
by Fnoord | 2025-09-02 21:40:00+00:00
Every Israeli is drafted when reaching adolescence age. Intelligent tech people end up in Unit 8200 (part of IDF). These young people end up with a plethora of experience, using it for their career or even security related startups, yet loyalty often lies with state of Israel.

The legal presence / country of a company very likely performing a genocide is very much relevant and ontopic. Look up the dark history of companies like IBM and IG Farben and the term "Wir haben es nicht gewußt".
by K0nserv | 2025-09-02 21:40:45+00:00
Fossil fuels aren't just bad for global climate, air pollution (which is mostly local) kills 7-8 million people per year.

There's an interesting study that arises from a natural experiment based on coal subsidies in China[0]. It found that life expectancy in otherwise similar locations is 3 years lower where the subsidy is paid, and thus more coal is burned.

0: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1300018110
by kiitos | 2025-09-02 21:40:51+00:00
> I was specifically inspired by a performance bug due to a typo. This mistake is the “value param” vs “reference param” where your function copies a value instead of passing it by reference because an ampersand (&) was missing ... This simple typo is easy to miss

the difference between `const Data& d` and `const Data d` isn't accurately characterized as "a typo" -- it's a semantically significant difference in intent, core to the language, critical to behavior and outcome

even if the author "forgot" to add the `&` due to a typo, that mistake should absolutely have been caught by linting, tests, CI, or code review, well before it entered the code base

so not feelin' it, sorry
by dspillett | 2025-09-02 21:41:00+00:00
That is still more than an order of magnitude higher (2.17% rather than 0.09%).

And FF ESR is the more common by far (44.5%) as it is the default, people only install the other FF package if they have specific need to be closer to the leading edge. The build environments for the two will be very close, at least compared to the oddities being reported in the Guix requirements, so the hassle of maintaining FF and FF-ESR compared to just one of them is not going to be comparatively large compared to maintaining packages for just one of the pair.
by Rohansi | 2025-09-02 21:41:09+00:00
DMA has shown us that Apple will do the absolute minimum to comply with changes like this. The fact that Apple is asserting it's power over an app distributed on a third-party store is a whole new example of legal changes not actually giving us what we want.

There's also the location issue. DMA forced Apple to make some changes but only in the EU. Apple is willing to do the work to only comply in regions where they have to. What happens if your country decides that Apple isn't doing anything wrong?

If this is something you care about then you should not buy an iPhone. First change the rules and then buy one when they comply.
by thayne | 2025-09-02 21:41:15+00:00
> The ruling says they can pay for preload, but not for exclusivity.

From what I understand Google could pay for Firefox to install a Google search extension, but they can't pay Firefox to make Google the default search engine. Even if they get google to pay for just pre-installing it, it's not going to be anywhere near what Google currently pays to be the default.
by triceratops | 2025-09-02 21:41:16+00:00
A case study in lying by omission. They build coal plants but they don't use them. In 2024 more than 80% of their energy growth came from solar and wind. As of 2023 solar was already cheaper than coal in China.

What do you gain from lying like this?

https://ember-energy.org/countries-and-regions/china/#:~:tex...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_China
by magicalhippo | 2025-09-02 21:41:53+00:00
> I dislike "Physically Based Rendering: From Theory To Implementation", I personally think that the literate programming approach of the book is way too confusing and disorganized.

Interesting. Personally it's by far the best programming related book I've read. I didn't mind the literal programming, and I loved how it dove fairly deep into the math and physics but also into the details of implementing the math.

The latter being important as there are can be so many gotchas when implementing math.
by Alechko | 2025-09-02 21:41:56+00:00
I've been working on runtime DOM analysis with LLMs and collected the most effective prompts for common debugging scenarios.

Unlike static code analysis, this captures what users actually see - computed styles, real DOM state, actual layout calculations.

The repo includes battle-tested prompts for: - Bug analysis and form debugging - UX audits and conversion optimization - Test automation and code review - Integration examples with Playwright/Cypress

Each prompt is designed to get specific, actionable fixes rather than generic advice.

Would love feedback from the community on which prompts work best for your workflows.
by xnx | 2025-09-02 21:42:01+00:00
From the ruling:

> Google will have to make available to Qualified Competitors certain search index and user-interaction data, though not ads data, as such sharing will ... The court, however, has narrowed the datasets Google will be required to share to tailor the remedy to its anticompetitive conduct.

I don't like the sound of that.

> Google will not be required to share granular, query-level data with advertisers or provide them with more access to such data

This eases some of my concerns.

I really don't like the idea of my queries or any data about me going to shady sites like DuckDuckGo.
by corimaith | 2025-09-02 21:42:11+00:00
At this point of extrapolating from second-order/third-order effects, what dosen't count as "social credit" to you? It seems that if society dosen't give everything you want, that's seen as coercion.

The actual distinction here is between positive/negative rights. In OP's case, it's if even if you do have the money to do X thing, you are artifically not allowed to do so. That's a violation of negative rights.

In your case, you're positing that if you couldn't afford it anyways, it's "social credit" if private lenders don't give you help because you have a history of not paying loans back. That's an appeal to positive rights, that people have a active obligation to you, and it's not even from the government but from private lenders. That's a far more contentious assumption that ironically isn't held by the Chinese or the CCP or most of the world for that matter outside of a spoilt corner of the West. And it's a critique that dosen't even land in reality when the Fed does provide easy student loans at a far greater scale than the Chinese Government. A policy that has worked out swimmingly well!
by ch4s3 | 2025-09-02 21:42:20+00:00
It really isn't an argument.

You have tons of meaningful economic choices everywhere in American life. You can bank with any bank and look for competing offers for credit to do useful things. For example you can buy a home and shop for a better interest rate by taking an offer for a loan from one lender to another and 9 times out of 10 you'll come away with a better offer. But you can easily not take on a loan and choose to preference flexibility and therefore rent. This housing choice involves a myriad of sub choices about lifestyle, commuting preferences, school adjacency, and other elements you may want to balance. Because US state are often quite different in character and economic and social opportunity you have a ton of dimension along which you can exercise choice.

Someone posting here likely has access to remote work and can meaningfully choose to live in a quite mountain town in West Virginia with satellite internet where you never see more than a few people every week, or you could live in a mid sized city like I do and get involved in neighborhood organizations. Similarly you could move to NYC and live in a small apartment an spend all of your time going out to bars and restaurants. These are SUPER meaningful choices on an individual level.
by Benjammer | 2025-09-02 21:42:32+00:00
My method is that I work together with the LLM to figure out the step-by-step plan.

I give an outline of what I want to do, and give some breadcrumbs for any relevant existing files that are related in some way, ask it to figure out context for my change and to write up a summary of the full scope of the change we're making, including an index of file paths to all relevant files with a very concise blurb about what each file does/contains, and then also to produce a step-by-step plan at the end. I generally always have to tell it to NOT think about this like a traditional engineering team plan, this is a senior engineer and LLM code agent working together, think only about technical architecture, otherwise you get "phase 1 (1-2 weeks), phase 2 (2-4 weeks), step a (4-8 hours)" sort of nonsense timelines in your plan. Then I review the steps myself to make sure they are coherent and make sense, and I poke and prod the LLM to fix anything that seems weird, either fixing context or directions or whatever. Then I feed the entire document to another clean context window (or two or three) and ask it to "evaluate this plan for cohesiveness and coherency, tell me if it's ready for engineering or if there's anything underspecified or unclear" and iterate on that like 1-3 times until I run a fresh context window and it says "This plan looks great, it's well crafted, organized, etc...." and doesn't give feedback. Then I go to a fresh context window and tell it "Review the document @MY_PLAN.md thoroughly and begin implementation of step 1, stop after step 1 before doing step 2" and I start working through the steps with it.
by int_19h | 2025-09-02 21:42:37+00:00
You can abuse list and sequence comprehensions for this. `for..in` is effectively a variable binding since you can target a freshly created list or a tuple if you need to bind a single value. So:

[x for x in [some_complicated_expression] if x > 0 for y in [x + 1] ... ][0]

That said, I wouldn't recommend this because of poor readability.
by ipaddr | 2025-09-02 21:43:11+00:00
I don't understand the crowd who uses Claude. Why? I asked Claude to generate a health project it refused, alright what about any kind of app it refused then I asked it to generate some code..any code. It refused.

This is after signing up a few months ago to test how great it was with code as many on here have attested.

People are claimed perhaps you fell into a bad a/b test. Anything is possible. It would explain how others are getting some form of usefulness

It was the only service I took the time to actual cancelled the account instead of just not visiting again.
by NoLinkToMe | 2025-09-02 21:43:34+00:00
The entire world gets the bulk of their energy from fossil. One country is leading the pack in defossiling their economy relatively rapidly, and that's China. Double emissions of the US translates to half-emissions on a per-capita basis. Much less if you include historical emissions. And China's emissions dropped in the previous period, the US increased.

The coal plants are known to be built to support economic growth for one (simple truth), and as baseload for renewable sources (you simply can't go renewable without this, at the moment). Coal plant utilisation rates have been dropping for two decades and are expected to keep dropping. [0]

[0] https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DJUu!,w_1456,c_limit...
by Hard_Space | 2025-09-02 21:43:47+00:00
> By the way, a pet peeve of mine right now is that reporters covering court cases never seem to simply paste the link to the online PDF decision/ruling for us all to read right in the story.

I presume that this falls under the same consideration as direct links to science papers in articles that are covering those releases. Far as I can tell, the central tactic for lowering bounce rate and increasing 'engagement' is to link out sparsely, and, ideally, not at all.

I write articles on new research papers, and always provide a direct link to the PDF,; but nearly all major sites fail to do this, even when the paper turns out to be at Arxiv, or otherwise directly available (instead of having been an exclusive preview offered to the publication by the researchers, as often happens at more prominent publications such as Ars and The Register).

In regard to the few publishers that do provide legal PDFs in articles, the solution I see most often is that the publication hosts the PDF itself, keeping the reader in their ecosystem. However, since external PDFs can get revised and taken down, this could also be a countermeasure against that.