MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by nonameiguess | 2025-09-26 15:07:00+00:00
It's kind of weird to see this being published here now. Hacker News probably largely doesn't pay attention to the NBA, but there's a scandal right now whereby Steve Ballmer seems to have used a carbon credit company called Aspiration that was a pure scam and performed no actual offsetting of carbon usage in order to circumvent the salary cap, making investments into the hundreds of millions of dollars into this otherwise sell-nothing, do-nothing company so they could then give out do-nothing endorsement contracts to basketball players that didn't actually endorse them.

Makes me wonder how many other companies if not entire industries largely exist for money laundering and don't otherwise actually do anything.
by fkyoureadthedoc | 2025-09-26 15:07:15+00:00
> When I interpret a study I am not just matching patterns of pixels on the screen with my memory.

Seems like an over simplification, but let's say it's just true. Wouldn't you rather spend your time on novel problems that you haven't seen before? Some ML system identifies easy/common ones that it has high confidence in, leaving the interesting ones for you?
by allknowingfrog | 2025-09-26 15:07:53+00:00
This is actually my favorite kind of HN discussion. I think the added context is really interesting, despite maybe being a bit of a tangent. English is full of "orphaned" words and phrases that no longer make sense in general usage (no one ever refers to a "gamut" unless something is "running" it). I had no idea that "used to" was an example of this.

I think maybe the tone of your comment has a bit of "well actually" that bothers some people. It's the difference between sharing a fun fact versus policing correctness. The interesting point is that "used to" is weird, but not for the reason that the parent comment assumed. That's a genuinely fun fact that I enjoyed learning.
by gjsman-1000 | 2025-09-26 15:08:01+00:00
In Minnesota, we built light rail... with an honor system for boarding.

It got so bad, especially on the middle cars (the "party cars") after COVID, that the middle car was retired and they are now in Year 3 of a security improvement plan.

https://www.metrotransit.org/public-safety

They are also retro-fitting screens into the buses, showing the buses' own live camera feeds, to further reinforce the perception of being watched.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SBd3wno61k

It's still not working in some areas.

https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-46th-st-light-rail-c...

https://www.instagram.com/karenthecamera/?hl=en
by btreecat | 2025-09-26 15:08:45+00:00
> I disagree. If you're a heavy Traefik user you're eventually going to need a feature that has been carefully omitted from the F/OSS projects.

Ok, I use it at home as part of my K8s cluster. I haven't once come close to needing a feature I don't have because it largely does what I need as a proxy and gets out of the way.

What features do you feel a more average of the target audience is likely to need or want to pay for eventually?
by throwaway2037 | 2025-09-26 15:08:53+00:00
This is an epic blog post!

In the words of Jerry Maguire: "You had me at hello."

This early sentence really hooked me:

> While I am a professional software engineer and I have worked in the aerospace industry, that doesn’t mean that I understand what I’m doing.

My favourite part: The image comparing X/Y/Z axis between different 3D modelling products: https://vazgriz.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/EmVSW5AW8AAoD...

Plus the comment below can make you laugh hard enough to get Coca Cola up your nose!

> Mathematically speaking, these are all equally valid. But we all know that Unreal made the worst possible choice
by noelwelsh | 2025-09-26 15:09:37+00:00
Now that ID is required for voting, it's reasonable that the government provides a form of ID, for free, to all citizens. Passports cost money and not everyone has one. Same for driving licenses. It should also streamline other government services.

I think it would be simpler to repeal the ID requirement for voting. I don't believe there is any evidence of widespread voting fraud, so it adds unnecessary cost. I certainly wouldn't try to sell the ID as preventing illegal work, which is obviously ludicrous.
by ryandrake | 2025-09-26 15:09:52+00:00
> Instead for decades now it has just tinkered at the edges, seemingly run by ambitionless accountants. Shuffling half a percent here, half a percent there, not really achieving very much but spewing vast volumes of hot air

Speaking from the other side of the pond, we can say quite confidently that the solution is not electing someone who will make reckless, bold moves. The brain trust here voted against “ambitionless, measured improvements” and for that, we got a chaotic circus.
by matt-p | 2025-09-26 15:10:50+00:00
Ok then 'Government issued [photo] ID' so what if it's not a 'national ID'? They have all the data they need to tackle this. You can't get a NI number without proving who you are, if the government don't trust NI numbers (which they are minting?) then they could simply re-issue them? That would be far far easier than a new national ID.
by ghaff | 2025-09-26 15:11:12+00:00
I'm inclined to agree and I've written as much. In a world where 64-bit x86 wasn't really an option, Intel and "the industry" would probably have eventually figured a way to make Itanium work well-enough and cost-effectively-enough and incremented over time. Some of the then-current RISC chips would probably have remained more broadly viable in that timeline but, in the absence of a viable alternative, 64-bit was going to happen and therefore probably Itanium.

Maybe ARM gets a real kick in the pants but high-performance server processors were probably too far in the future to play a meaningful role.
by lelanthran | 2025-09-26 15:11:16+00:00
In theory, sure. In practice therapists don't, because that patient won't be back.

All therapists give some some variation of "your problem is $SOMETHING_POSITIVE".

Never "your problem is you're too selfish" because those patients don't go back.

It's always "your problem is you're too willing to help" or "you give too much of yourself" or other similar such BS.
by Zagreus2142 | 2025-09-26 15:11:17+00:00
Yeah this definitely matches my experience and guess what? Google maps sucks for public transit and isn't actually that good for pedestrian directions (often pointing people to "technically" accessible paths like sketchy sidewalks on busy arterial roads signed for 35mph where people go 50mph). I stopped using Google maps instinctually and now only use it for public transit or drives outside of my city. Doing so has made me a more attentive driver, less lazy, less stressed when unexpected issues on the road occur, restored my navigation skills, and made me a little less of, frankly, an adult man child.

Applying all of this to LLMs has felt similar.
by vlovich123 | 2025-09-26 15:11:24+00:00
Because you don’t know a priori whether any particular data isn’t needed anymore and linking is not a stream processing problem - you have to access any part of the “stream” multiple times randomly. Almost any part of the program can end up linking to another. So you do end up needing to keep it all in memory. And modern linkers need to do LTO which ends up needing to load all compilation units into memory at once to do that optimization.

But sure, if you’re that confident go for it. Writing a linker that can use a fraction of the memory, especially during LTO would be a ground breaking achievement.
by lkey | 2025-09-26 15:11:42+00:00
You misunderstand.

It isn't 'all the drivers' fractionally at fault (others can quibble about that), it's the people who create the moral hazard. The car industry and politicians that decided that the ungoverned car, the road, and the parking lot will be the only way to traverse Dallas or LA lo those many years ago, the ones that affirm that system with 'one more road' using tax dollars year after year, knowing that more people will die as a result. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle_fatality_rate_in... <- the line goes up.

They have a duty of care as representatives that they are failing to meet. Compare that to cities in Europe or the North East. When you make policies that serve the few and sacrifice the bodies of the many, that act is violence.

Likewise, with PE. When they intentionally understaff a hospital, no single doctor is responsible for killing the patient that died bleeding in the waiting room. It is the choice that we allowed that PE firm to make. Are you comfortable with a fresh MBA using excel to ensure that your local hospital should have four less doctors than strictly necessary to treat you in a timely manner? Society doesn't need to be organized this way, we can and should demand better.

Imagine the reverse, a municipality decides to privatize their water and sewage treatment, but puts no restrictions on the results as long at those wealthy enough are not inconvenienced. This is precisely how you get Flint. Or redlined cities that put the 'undesirables' in industrial waste parks. These acts are violence.
by hirako2000 | 2025-09-26 15:12:01+00:00
I find it very disrespectful towards a project with such popularity to contributors ratio.

It takes long hours to produce a working notebook, a synergy between concept descriptions and theorical explanations alongside code, comments of code and markdown for the theory here and there is an artistic coupled with engineering stunt you should try to accomplish yourself before criticizing. Perhaps you have, in which case a contribution as the other comment points out is the courteous thing to do.

That book must have taken months to author and is one of the best read on the subject I've ever come across.

Edit: removed incorrect fact about scalars.. they don't have a direction they have polarity.
by Aurornis | 2025-09-26 15:12:14+00:00
I’ve seen this a lot, too, but only in specific company cultures. The common problem among all of them was that people in middle upper management thrived in chaos. They didn’t want the important things to be well documented or stable because that took away their opportunities to be the important person who held the secret knowledge to make things work. When something broke they wanted it to remain impenetrable for other teams so they could come in as the heroes.

Oddly enough, these same people would be the ones pushing for documentation and trying to stonewall other teams’ work for not being documented enough. It was like they knew the game they were playing but wanted to project an image of being the people against the issue, not the ones causing the problem. Also, forcing other teams to document their work makes it easy for you to heroically come in and save the day.
by vinhatson | 2025-09-26 15:12:36+00:00
This paper presents an exhaustive technical exploration of the most sophisticated vulnerabilities inherent in modern computing systems as of September 26, 2025. Adopting a deeply theoretical and analytical framework, the series dissects the architectural dependencies and execution dynamics of multi-layered flaws spanning hardware interfaces, operating system kernels, and application environments. Key topics include the exploitation of interrupt-driven processes, real-time state manipulation, memory management chain disruption, and adaptive execution techniques designed to evade advanced security countermeasures. In parallel, the series examines the principles of countermeasure engineering, analyzing the evolution of defensive strategies designed to mitigate these intricate threats. Through hypothetical case studies and a focus on fundamental engineering principles, this work provides a foundational resource for advanced security researchers, system architects, and kernel developers, aiming to shape the design of future resilient systems.
by Paralus | 2025-09-26 15:13:24+00:00
I've been thinking about a couple of problems:

1. Inference costs vary wildly across providers and models. Claude Opus 4.1 is ~$75 per million output tokens, while Gemini 2.5 Pro is ~$15. That volatility makes budgeting hard, especially if you want portability across labs.

2. The entire economy of API credits annoys me to no end.

3. More blue sky: I've been experimenting with agents with financial self-sovereignty. It seemed strange to me that there's no way an agent can call for more or different inference without having to be pre-seeded with some credential. I wanted long-context, long-term deployments.

With all of that in mind, we’ve been experimenting with Melange (MEL): a unit pegged to the most expensive frontier model’s output cost (currently $75/MTok for Claude Opus). By definition, 1 MEL should always buy at least 1M output tokens, no matter which provider you’re using.

This is meant to work a bit like a stable reference for compute: instead of juggling provider-specific credits, you hold MEL and redeem it for inference anywhere. At the moment, it runs through our infra (until we partner with more providers), but we’re testing on-chain exchange where you can swap MEL directly for inference using only your wallet keys.

This is done using a smart contract that escrows your MEL for a duration you configure. You then simply sign your inference requests with the same key that holds the MEL to have them processed. When the deadline hits, the remaining MEL flows back to your account. This detail is abstracted away using a wrapper for the OpenAI library that handles the signing.

The smart contracts are open source at the moment; we’ll be opening all mission-critical parts of the stack as well eventually.
by svieira | 2025-09-26 15:13:25+00:00
"Another voice on the subject at hand" is definitely available - but simply searching "{Christian, Catholic} {[SUBJECT MATTER], [KIND OF MATERIAL]" will often unearth some good starting points. E. g. "Christian social periodical" will eventually lead you to https://firstthings.com/ (as an example).

Some suggestions for a variety of subjects:

* Fr. Stanley Jaki on Physics and the philosophy of science - I am working through https://www.abebooks.com/9780895267498/God-Cosmologists-Jaki...

* Philosophy in general, Peter Kreeft (I recommend "Jesus Shock", it's amazing how "used" to Christ we've become, and this book does a good job of pointing out just how different the reactions to him are) and Alasdair MacIntyre (After Virtue) are both good "recent" authors.

* Bioethics and philosophy https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Bioethics-Limits-Scie... (I will freely admit to bias here, but this is easy to read, clear, and to the point)

* Particularly interesting in the moment: https://www.catholic.com/magazine/online-edition/the-limits-...
by bluGill | 2025-09-26 15:13:31+00:00
Don't be fooled, paying less won't help much since the cost of a bus is a small part of the costs of running a bus route. about half your costs are the bus driver. The most expensive bus is still only 1/3rd of your hourly cost of running the bus. If a more expensive bus is more reliable that could more than make up for a more expensive bus (I don't have any numbers to do math on though).

Half the costs of running a bus route are the driver's labor. The other half needs to pay for maintenance, the cost of the bus, and all the other overhead.
by bonoboTP | 2025-09-26 15:13:40+00:00
Everything is oversold, even the useful things. Nuclear, space, genetic engineering, x rays, vaccines, the internet itself, personal computers, phones and apps, etc. etc.

If something is of value X, the hype will be X+Y. That's why this is too shallow an analyis. It's just vibes, based on cultural feelings and emotional annoyance.

AI is nothing like blockchain.

It's fine to be anti-AI, but the smart anti-AI people recognize that the real danger is it will have too large an impact (but in the negative). Not that it will evaporate some investment dollars.
by throwawayq3423 | 2025-09-26 15:14:17+00:00
> I said no such thing, I've never claimed the USA carried out the killings of ISIS.

> US killed far more in Iraq, so might be unrelated.

Of course the United States is to blame for the Civil War, but it did not carry out the killings. If you think that's only a rhetorical difference, I don't know what to tell you.
by geor9e | 2025-09-26 15:14:20+00:00
I too read it as genocide, the closest real english word, and assumed it was some catty editorial headline about Israeli army tech. But no, it was named before that word's recent spike in news popularity. It's from Germany so you'd have to consider it in the German language. There's no name explanation given, but -de is their country code, and geno- is from greek.
by deaddodo | 2025-09-26 15:14:43+00:00
Funny you gloss over the most important part:

> Legacy applications that run in Virtual 8086 mode or use hardware task management will not work in this mode.

That being said, this isn't worth arguing over. If you can provably run late 1980s-early 1990s 16-bit code in AMD64 compatibility mode, with full execution protections and support of even most not all commercial software; that goes against the general understanding of those architectures. Document it and add it to the academic sphere to expand the knowledge.
by treis | 2025-09-26 15:14:52+00:00
What you described is nothing new. Staffing firms for nurses have existed for a long time. These apps are automating the process and making it easier for both sides. I'm open to the idea that it's worse for workers but I haven't seen it. People seem to flock to these apps. To me that means they prefer the arbitrary and capricious nature of an algorithm over the arbitrary and capricious nature of human managers.
by borroka | 2025-09-26 15:15:52+00:00
It's not true that “you should build your own,” especially in the beginning. There's no need for complex customizations when the student knows little or nothing about the language. Start with excellent, generic decks already created by others and thank them. You can suspend cards, delete some, add new ones. Especially in the beginning, it is necessary to eliminate any friction, any reason that could stop the work on the skill (“it's so boring to create my own cards”). After you know, say, 1k or 2k words, you can think about the next steps.
by alicepfulton | 2025-09-26 15:16:09+00:00
Our high-level roadmap for now is just slow, consistent growth with a huge emphasis on strong customer relationships. Most of our customers are fairly latency-insensitive right now due to the nature of long-running jobs (who cares if it takes 120ms to download the results that took a weekend to run?), so we do have a strong local focus, but new locations aren't out of the question. We're based in RTP in North Carolina right now, but we're looking at some sites in Charlotte as well.

Technically, we're looking at adding S3-compatible storage onsite, hosting Solana Validator and RPC nodes and even offering colocation to other providers.
by vetrom | 2025-09-26 15:16:28+00:00
the prior art in this area is going to be PCI&USB passthrough implemented in qemu and xen, with related but separate in-guest or 'in-host' virtual devices representing the bridged device.

Some related work in the SR-IOV & iommu space makes this a lot easier to implement as well. I would be very surprised if zero new security edge cases get discovered in the next five years or so however. Regardless, I'd look forward to seeing the results of RedoxOS's work here, as this would be a practical alternate implementation of driver domains like you see used in Xen and Qubes.
by bhu8 | 2025-09-26 15:16:59+00:00
IMHO, jumping from Level 2 to Level 5 is a matter of:

- Better structured codebases - we need hierarchical codebases with minimal depth, maximal orthogonality and reasonable width. Think microservices.

- Better documentation - most code documentations are not built to handle updates. We need a proper graph structure with few sources of truth that get propagated downstream. Again, some optimal sort of hierarchy is crucial here.

At this point, I really don't think that we necessarily need better agents.

Setup your codebase optimally, spin up 5-10 instances of gpt-5-codex-high for each issue/feature/refactor (pick the best according to some criteria) and your life will go smoothly
by nobody9999 | 2025-09-26 15:17:07+00:00
>That is not actually a simple fix. You're proposing a 15.3% tax increase -- on top of all existing taxes -- on everyone who makes more than that amount of money

No. Not even close. It's not increasing anyone's taxes. It's just making them fairer. Most folks have to pay those taxes on all their income. Why should it be any different for the folks with the highest incomes?

What's more, I can say from experience that not paying SS/Medicare taxes over the arbitrary limit makes exactly zero material difference in my quality of life.

Whereas keeping SS/Medicare solvent while we figure out a better way will have a significant positive impact on my life and the lives of millions of others.
by yesfitz | 2025-09-26 15:17:21+00:00
From the Roman Catholic point of view, there's a variety of answers.

For super up-to-date happenings, you can go to Vatican News[1]. (A great example in the first article, "Holy See urges moratorium on autonomous weapons at UN debate on AI".)

For weightier, more timeless writings that address the issues of the current day, but are meant to be read indefinitely, the Papal Encyclicals[2] are the look. Rerum Novarum is a good one to start with.

I'd be skeptical of any persuasive writings by lay-persons (i.e. not priests or nuns). It's like the difference between a lawyer's opinion and a judge's ruling. They can be fantastic scholars, but they don't speak for the church.

1: https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city.html 2: https://www.papalencyclicals.net/
by ghusto | 2025-09-26 15:17:29+00:00
Was reading through your post, finding it difficult to find fault with anything you were saying, but something wasn't sitting right. And then ...

> I'm certain it's worked well in other countries

It has! In the Netherlands for example, it's just an incredibly convenient system, and if there's anything dodgy going on I'm not aware of it.

So what makes the UK so different to the Netherlands? Genuine question, because I really don't know. My only guess is that the people of the Netherlands hold their politicians to account, whereas nothing ever seems to happen to UK politicians whose corruption is so severe that they're sometimes literally criminal.
by michaelt | 2025-09-26 15:17:52+00:00
> A Brit can pass a RTW check without a drivers license or a passport - paper birth certificate is also acceptable, as neither a drivers license or a passport a mandatory. Getting those can be expensive for some people while this ID is free.

This policy would absolutely sail through, with no controversy at all, if it had just been "free passports for all" reusing all the existing rules, existing IT and existing bureaucracy; and "Optional digital passport on your phone" for those who want that.

Why they're doing this in the most expensive, unpopular way possible - I have no idea.
by mikamika83 | 2025-09-26 15:18:20+00:00
It's very hard to notice and very easy to attribute something else. The main symptom is your laptop heating up which is usually attributed to (1) You just have a slow MacBook, you should get a new one (2) During beta, "it's a beta and it's expected to heat up and be slow" (3) People not caring about temps because they use the laptop in clamshell mode

I believe this falls into the perfect definition of "slipped thru the cracks"
by astonex | 2025-09-26 15:19:28+00:00
>You can't get a NI number without proving who you are

That's not true either. You're sent your NI number just before 16 years old without providing anything.

Also, an NI number is just a number. There is no photo. How can you look at it and say it belongs to the person presenting it? And no you can't look up a passport or something in another system based on the NI number, because those other IDs aren't mandatory so the person might not have them.

The only way to really ID someone is to have mandatory photo ID, whether that be digital or not.