MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by gspr | 2025-09-15 08:22:35+00:00
> The UK banned single use plastic bags at major supermarkets. We all moaned about it for a few minutes, forgot our reusable bags a couple of times and then got on with it.

I hope you're right. Here in Norway, the sensible people did what you describe. A large minority has, on the other hand, turned the lack of plastic bags (and straws, which I'm sure they barely even used once in a blue moon before) into a battlefield of the culture wars. And far right politicans of course cater to them. They manage to capture discourse talking about "environmentalism gone wild" and "EU overreach". It's terribly annoying and they manage to waste everyone's time and derail important debates with this nonsense.
by HelloNurse | 2025-09-15 08:22:39+00:00
A special strawman in the article is the obliviousness to technical complexity that builds on the lack of historical awareness.

Given the same evergreen problems, a solution that is built-in in the language or trivial isn't worth writing up as a design pattern, as the GoF book itself explains in its introduction; but in the C++, Smalltalk, Java that were available 30 years ago a relatively uninteresting design that reduces to creating easily and passing around obviously some "first class function" in modern languages like Python was well worth teaching and analyzing because it had to involve objects, with incoming and outgoing pointers and lifetime concerns, classes to describe them, usually a hierarchy of further classes to use them properly.

> Good design is invisible. It’s not supposed to get in your way.

Design patterns are relevant for the challenging parts of the software where the programming language reaches its limits and good design becomes visible and non-obvious. Different languages have a different frontier of difficult uses and interesting techniques.
by theturtlemoves | 2025-09-15 08:24:04+00:00
> I don’t know much about lithography which is why I ask - what is an AI supposed to do in a lithography machine? Does anyone know?

Not in the lithography machines probably, but more likely in surrounding equipment and in the business itself.

Some ideas:

* Augment metrology division with a trained model for analysis of the (enormous!) amounts of wafer measurement data

* An extra layer of error detection and possibly correction at all sorts of levels, from wafer alignment on the wafer stage to pre analysis of recipes that are about to be run.

* Something that cleverly digs through the pile of log messages and reports on impending issues that haven't manifested themselves yet in terms of yield loss

* Ideally, deep code analysis to find performance, Cpu or memory issues in the ASML codebase that a human hasn't detected yet because the code base is just too huge. (An engineer usually gets only access to a small part of the codebase, and none - not even read access - to other parts.)

* Dig through the ticketing system (another place where you could easily drown in information overload) to find relationships between tickets, mark potential duplicates and notify of bugs instructing a critical path.

* And of course, replace the first line personnel in the outsourced IT support departments. PC not working? Talk to the LLM first (instead of calling someone), and it'll triage and dispatch

This is all assuming happy flow of course
by mailund | 2025-09-15 08:24:04+00:00
> People often think that if you don't respond to an argument in two seconds you "lose"...

This one is especially annoying! A lot of people seem to get away with extremely poorly thought out arguments, relying entirely on logical fallacies, or using factually incorrect information, just because they are able packaging it as a fast comeback. On the other hand, people seem to treat not being able to remember details about something or taking a little time to think before replying as meaning that the underlying facts are incorrect. Surely the underlying facts does not depend on the debaters ability to remember them on the spot, but it seems like a lot of people treat it that way.
by ndsipa_pomu | 2025-09-15 08:24:27+00:00
> No need for scare quotes, US customary units are a thing.

I understand that other countries (probably North American ones) use the same system too, so thought I was clarifying, not scaring.

> A US customary cup is, at least, quite standard at 8 fluid ounces. This is more standardized than the unit of measure used in British recipes and whatnot

I disagree as British (or non-U.S.) recipes will use a combination of metric and/or imperial sizes depending on their age. Weighing something in grammes is easy and standardised (for most of the Earth's surface at least). Admittedly, imperial measurements can be problematic as a British pint is different to a U.S. pint and "fluid ounces" also have different definitions.

> 240 mL of apricots is just as useless as 1 cup of apricots

I agree - any sane recipe will use something like "5 apricots". I've never seen mL used for measuring whole fruit - grammes would be appropriate for mashed fruit though.
by panick21_ | 2025-09-15 08:24:50+00:00
That might be your perception but its far from reality. And the reality is what happens in Spain isn't really all that relevant. Globally speaking anything not PC was a rounding error.

Even if you take all DEC Terminals sold in the 80s, you only get a fraction of the early sales of the PC by the 1990s. Of course timeshare systems had a huge history and install base, and the same for terminals, but by the late 80s PC sales dwarfed it by ridiculous numbers.

Europe generally is more delayed and more fragmented, but the economics of the situation was totally clear and are driven by US home and business demand.
by patriceckhart | 2025-09-15 08:25:20+00:00
Hey!

I'm Patric, and I just hit a major milestone - Genesis DB 1.0.(1) is officially production-ready.

Why I built this: Existing event sourcing tools felt too heavy, opinionated, or expensive. I wanted something that matches how developers actually think about events - simple, transparent, and powerful.

What Genesis DB is:

- Event sourcing database engine written in Go

- HTTP + JSON interface (no proprietary protocols)

- CloudEvents native with zero vendor lock-in

- One-command backups/restores

- Built-in Prometheus metrics & structured logging

Major features that made it to 1.0:

- Smart validation - Preconditions act as gatekeepers, enforcing business logic before writes hit the database

- Schema registration - Automatic event validation for type safety and data consistency

- Native GDPR compliance - One-command user data deletion, full data portability, built-in audit trails

- Battle-tested performance - Thousands of events/second, zero data loss, stable under load

- ...

The journey:

- Started because I love event-driven architectures but hated the tooling complexity

- A few versions, each adding features

- Now processing real production workloads across multiple industries

Want to try it? - Free tier: 10,000 events for testing/small projects (I’m not here to be the biggest cost factor in any business. If you’ve got special requirements, let’s talk.)

- Self-host or use the managed platform (coming soon)

Full docs at https://docs.genesisdb.io

Thanks for reading!
by teekert | 2025-09-15 08:25:29+00:00
Ok yeah I get that. It's certainly a shame for Judith.

But companies come and go. They change recipes all the time. They do research to make everything as cheap as possible, you may never know it but I knew someone working at Unilever and the Mars bar for example constantly evolves, and let me tell you it's not because they want to give you the best Mars bar, it's just "we found a cheaper supplier for X" or "If we replace X by Y we save Z, and you don't really taste it". I like our Dutch tomatoes: Big, deep red and absolutly tasteless. Now they sell "taste tomatoes", I'm not kidding, they're much nicer. Last much longer on a shelve as well.

Many, many products have changed and disappeared over the decades. I don't see anything worth reporting in the piece, except for "putting attention on shrinkflation". Which is fine of course, but Judith should know better, we all should.
by tucnak | 2025-09-15 08:25:30+00:00
You're misrepresenting what CPU's do exactly, and opaque term "high-performance workloads" does not help it, either. M-class chips have 256-bit (M4) and 512-bit (M3 Max) memory bus per "socket" options, as high as 1024-bit total in M2 Ultra, which is significantly higher than 64-bit and 128-bit DDR5 buses you get in x86 CPU's. For example, my relatively modern datacenter AMD EPYC 8434PN CPU (based on Zen 4c cores) is a six-channel DDR5, effectively 384-bit at 200 GB/s bidirectional bandwidth. Apple Silicon beats it by a factor of 5x. You can get somewhat better with Turin, but not by much, and at perhaps unreasonable premium.

Now, like with everything in life, of course, there's highly-specialised datapaths like AVX-512, but then again these only contribute towards single-threaded performance, & you yourself said that "High-performance workloads are not single-threaded programs." Now, as your compute network grows larger the implementation details of the memory fabric (NUMA, etc.) become more pronounced. Suffice to say the SoC co-packaging of CPU and GPU cores, along with some coprocessors, did wonders for Apple Silicon. Strix Halo exists, but it's not competitive by any stretch of imagination. You could say it's unfair, but then again, AMD MI300A (LGA6096 socket) exists, too! Do we count 20k APU's that only come in eights, bundled up in proprietary Infinity Fabric-based chassis towards "outperforming ARM64 in high-perf workloads"... really? Compute-bound is a far cry from high-performance, where the memory bus, and idiosyncrasies of message-passing are King as number of cores in the compute network continues to grow.
by myfonj | 2025-09-15 08:26:33+00:00
Sorry if I've misunderstood sarcasm and taken your comment at face value, but are you really unaware of current developments? There are fields literally covered with thick webs of optical fibre near front lines. "Fibre optic drone" even has its own Wikipedia entry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_optic_drone

I understand that keeping track of news can be difficult, and staying out of that depressing information cycle has clear mental health benefits. However, when joining discussions about current conflicts, it's worth acknowledging any resulting knowledge gaps.
Show HN: I reverse engineered macOS to allow custom Lock Screen wallpapers
by cindori | 2025-09-15 08:28:09+00:00
Hi HN, I'm Oskar, a solo indie Mac developer from Sweden. For those in the Mac community, you might know me from my other apps like Sensei and Trim Enabler.

For years, I've been frustrated by the lack of customisation of macOS. In particular the Lock Screen which supports animated wallpapers, but only ones provided by Apple. There's never been a way to add your own personal videos.

I decided to figure out how to solve this, and the result is Backdrop 2.0. Backdrop is my Live Wallpaper app for Mac, it can play video wallpapers on your desktop. And now it can play on your Lock Screen too.

The core technical challenge, as you can imagine, came from trying to do something that Apple otherwise does not allow. However, through extensive reverse engineering of the macOS wallpaper system, I figured out a way to provide Backdrop wallpapers to the system in a way that allows them to play on the lock screen, and even appear in a custom section in System Settings.

I'm here all day to answer any questions—especially about the reverse engineering process, the challenges of integrating with macOS, or the experience of being an indie Mac developer.

Would love to hear your thoughts and feedback.
by simianwords | 2025-09-15 08:28:14+00:00
Yes it is replying with a fact check and doing it professionally.

>I am also weary of it always eventually conforming to the vox populi as it ingests the internet firehouse. Leading to the loudest, most prolific voices thus views always being more represented.

I'm okay with this. This is exactly what I want - what the world has converged on as the correct answer. Spreading what is already what the world has converged on is not what I would consider "false information".
by nomilk | 2025-09-15 08:28:53+00:00
Was curious of the etymology of name of the scam:

> The term comes from fraudsters referring to their victims as 'pigs' – those they gradually 'fatten up' by luring them into a fake romance or friendship before 'butchering' them by convincing them to invest, often in fake cryptocurrency schemes.

Source: https://www.interpol.int/en/News-and-Events/News/2024/INTERP...
by xandrius | 2025-09-15 08:29:02+00:00
I honestly don't mind things likes pinch and dash as they are clear to be left mainly to the taste of cook.

I mind slightly more teaspoons and tablespoons but I also can usually see them as "add at least a bit, up to you".

The worst offenders are cups, as they often measure large quantities, which often do make or break a recipe. Even just the way you use that cup to collect the ingredients changes the resulting quantity.

On the other hand, whenever the amounts don't matter but you want to get there fast and then you know you will adjust it yourself, cups are surprisingly nice. It gets you there 90% and then you adjust for consistency or taste.

Of course, using cups for liquids is generally fine if you don't want super precision, it's the dried ingredients which must have weight tied to them.
by bob1029 | 2025-09-15 08:29:03+00:00
Cooking in larger batches has been my solution to the current trends in grocery pricing. It also helps to smooth out variability in recipes. Small batches are impacted much more severely. For example, if a recipe calls for 1 egg, you get exactly one chance to use an egg that's reasonably sized relative to the other ingredients. If you scale this to a dozen eggs, you could simply forget 2 of them and the difference would likely be undetectable.

I used to buy things like taco shells in boxes of a dozen or so. Would make enough marinara for 8 pasta bowls. Today, I will buy hundreds of corn tortillas from the bakery, a big bag of pork fat trimmings from the butcher, and then I'll run my own lard and taco shell factory for a day. I'll make 4 dozen cookie balls at a time. I've scaled my chicken fried rice recipe to implicate 16 entire chickens.

The cost savings has been incredible, at the expense of a lot of discipline and planning. It's not that it even necessarily takes more time to do things this way. Batching effects are unreasonably effective in all domains. Throw the magic of the freezer on top and it gets even more interesting from an economics standpoint.
by panick21_ | 2025-09-15 08:29:11+00:00
I know of course, I'm love DEC history. But of course DEC Professional wasn't full compatible and cost far to much to be a Personal Computer. They closed down the bus also. It was more designed as Professional work station. And of course the famously released it with Rainbow and Decmade II. DEC had already lost by then.

Heathkit H11 was an opportunity but of course never followed up with.
by TonyPeakman | 2025-09-15 08:29:19+00:00
Thanks for your comment.That's right — the compiled/optimized end of the spectrum is powerful, and I think Prepack showed just how far you can push that. However, dagger.js is intentionally the opposite: it trades the simplest usage for zero build, instant setup. My focus is “drop in a <script> and go,” not competing with compiler-driven stacks. In practice I see them as complementary — one for squeezing every byte/cycle, the other for minimizing friction and complexity.
by marginalia_nu | 2025-09-15 08:31:06+00:00
Scandinavia and in particular Sweden has historically been very oppressive, bordering on theocracy. The state ideology has changed and priests have been exchanged for social democrat ideologues, but the spirit of the people is still very much subjugated.

I think this is a fundamental difference between the countries that have fought for freedom (like England, France, USA), and the countries where the powers that be saw what happened and made minimal concessions to try to avoid unrest.
by DemocracyFTW2 | 2025-09-15 08:31:38+00:00
Yeah I know this usage from older people when I was a kid, they referred to any clear thin wrapping as cellophane where to me it was just plastic. My father told me that cigarette packs are kind-of environmentally friendly because they are made up of nothing but paper, tobacco obviously, cellulose acetate for the filters, and cellophane for the wrapper. Recently I got interested into whether they still use cellophane instead of plastic, so I did some * * * science * * * by dunking a wrapper in water (and yes, it did soak up some water) and burning some (it burns cleanly like paper with grey ashes, unlike plastic which stinks and leaves behind hard black tar). So apart from the printing colors, it looks bio-degradable, with the other reservation being that especially the filters will spend a really long time underground before becoming integrated.
by vanviegen | 2025-09-15 08:32:02+00:00
This study, for instance, [1] looks at CO2 emissions. Which may be a somewhat limited view, but the effect is rather large: adding 5 wrappers around a cucumber (4 of which being useless) would result in about the same CO2 usage as adding no wrapper. And that's not even considering spoilage after the cucumber has been bought by a consumer.

[1] https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainable-food-system...
by tholdem | 2025-09-15 08:32:58+00:00
This just doesn't work the way you think, this mentality is not just outdated, but dangerous. People who think like that are more subject to "low IQ" attacks than people who accept the fact they are subject to the same "low IQ" attacks that work on everybody. You are overly confident. You can't be 100% alert and suspicious 24/7, around the clock. At some point you are tired, your attention is elsewhere or you are just not up-to-date on the latest techniques that attackers combine with some form of social engineering.

Also no matter how technical you are, it's almost impossible for you to detect zero-click 0days for which you are more vulnerable to than people without root privileges. You running rooted OS actually become easier and less costly target than people without rooted OS.
by sfn42 | 2025-09-15 08:33:05+00:00
I had no idea. A kilometers long wire sounded completely infeasible to me, though clearly I underestimated the fiber optics.

I would have thought kilometers of wire would be too heavy to keep on a spool on the drone itself, and without the spool on the drone you probably can't have fly by wire. That's why I was dismissive, it sounded to me like a completely infeasible idea.
by aabhay | 2025-09-15 08:33:20+00:00
You’re right. I gave the wrong number. My model implies 2^12000 concepts, because you choose whether or not to include each concept to form your dimensional subspace.

I’m not even referring to the values within that subspace yet, and so once you pick a concept you still get the N degrees of freedom to create a complex manifold.

The main value of the mental model is to build an intuition for how “sparse” high dimensional vectors are without resorting to a 3D sphere.
by admiralrohan | 2025-09-15 08:33:30+00:00
Can relate. Also information diet changed for me over time, as what is "high quality" is subjective based on where I am.

In 2016 I used to browse free webinar. In 2021 youtube self-help videos. Now-a-days only focused on history books as already learned everything needed for self-help.

And most often we focus on what we don't know. In my exp I wasted most time rereading stuffs I already knew.
by awesome_dude | 2025-09-15 08:33:56+00:00
You've been wrong about everything else, so why stop there.

The models we have are very coarse, and work for 24 hours (kind of, there are still extreme events that are difficult to be accurate about)

More sensors are being deployed this very second - which will present a finer grained picture.

It's not even at the rocket science part yet
by anon291 | 2025-09-15 08:35:26+00:00
'Why I am not Hindu', an essay by Kancha Ilaiah is a good starting point. In the west, the narrative is that India = Hinduism..however Hinduism is a term the British made up to describe anything other than Islam, Judaism, and Christianity. The Brits classified Jains, Buddhists, and anyone else as Hindu.

However, when you get people to tell you various 'beliefs' of Hinduism , it's often very discordant, much more so than protestant/ Catholic / etc.

This is because there's hundreds of different sets of practices with various links. Due to migration selection, only some subset are commonly discussed in a western context.

But, in reality, the common people of India had a wide range of practice that is not the typical 'Indian' you hear about.

For example, many Indians in the west claim that Indians don't eat meat. This is a lie. Many groups have eaten meat since the time of the Indus Valley Civilization and still continue.

https://www.waterstones.com/book/why-i-am-not-a-hindu/iiaiah...
by sersi | 2025-09-15 08:35:58+00:00
> 1 egg, you get exactly one chance to use an egg that's reasonably sized relative to the other ingredients.

I've always had the habit of weighing the eggs I use and adjusting the rest of the recipe for baking. Some recipes also includes weight of eggs in grams for exactly that reason. (Tip for converting, if it's a European recipe assume 45g per egg), if it's US assume 60g per egg.

> The cost savings has been incredible, at the expense of a lot of discipline and planning

It's also at the cost of taste. A lot of food don't taste as good after being frozen (especially in a home freezer)
by jan_Inkepa | 2025-09-15 08:35:59+00:00
Yeah, I remember a friend getting a call during coworking and her face just went white, and after the call she told us that was the tax people calling about irregularities (she had moved countries and was slow in sorting out her tax situation), and we all bought it - there was no sober "oh yeah it's a scam" advice from us - it was really perfectly timed, and took a day or to for her to reason through that it must be a scam. (No money lost though!)
by beAbU | 2025-09-15 08:36:52+00:00
My sense (coming from a place of complete ignorance) is that the difficulty here is not going to be software/control side, but rather the hardware. It'll have to be capable of:

1. Accurately dose the required ingredients based on a setting selected.

2. Do so in a repeatable manner. 5mg is microscopic and likely well beyond the margin of error for a small dose pump. So you'll need to get creative in how you manage your product dosages. Perhaps a "reel" of pre-measured 1mg doses? You say it's not for Nicotine, so I assume it's for harder drugs. What will the risk of a double digit % overshoot be?

3. Be small enough to fit into a handheld vape module.
by warpspin | 2025-09-15 08:37:00+00:00
> Apple keeps trying to be a platform for games. Keeping old games running > would be a step in that direction. Might include support for x86 games > running through wine/apple game porting toolkit/etc

Well... They'd need to bring back 32-bit support also then. This is what killed most of my Mac-compatible Steam library....

And I do not see that happening.
by ExoticPearTree | 2025-09-15 08:37:08+00:00
I really don't care about the certification. I care that I have a terminal with bash (still) and I have ssh. This gets me through probably more than 50% of the work that I do. And that I can install packages and have an as close experience as if I were to be on a Linux machine (development frameworks, containers).

I also like the fact that I have a very polished desktop manager running on great hardware with a lot of battery life.

I wouldn't trade this for anything.
by thesystemisbust | 2025-09-15 08:38:14+00:00
You can also query for free at clickpy.clickhouse.com. If you click on any of the links on the visuals you can see the query used.

The underlying dataset is hosted at sql.clickhouse.com e.g. https://sql.clickhouse.com/?query=U0VMRUNUIGNvdW50KCkgICBGUk...

disclaimer: built this a a while ago but we maintain this at clickhouse

oh and rubygems data is also there.