MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by davidmckayv | 2025-09-29 23:23:07+00:00
You're actually making my point for me. 18 USC § 842 criminalizes distributing information with knowledge or intent that it will be used to commit a crime. That's criminal liability for completed conduct with a specific mens rea requirement. You have to actually know or intend the criminal use.

SB 53 is different. It requires companies to implement filtering systems before anyone commits a crime or demonstrates criminal intent. Companies must assess whether their models can "provide expert-level assistance" in creating weapons or "engage in conduct that would constitute a crime," then implement controls to prevent those outputs. That's not punishing distribution to someone you know will commit a crime. It's mandating prior restraint based on what the government defines as potentially dangerous.

Brandenburg already handles this. If someone uses an AI to help commit a crime, prosecute them. If a company knowingly provides a service to facilitate imminent lawless action, that's already illegal. We don't need a regulatory framework that treats the capability itself as the threat.

The "AIs don't have speech rights" argument misses the point. The First Amendment question isn't about the AI's rights. It's about the government compelling companies (or anyone) to restrict information based on content. When the state mandates that companies must identify and filter certain types of information because the government deemed them "dangerous capabilities," that's a speech restriction on the companies.

And yes, companies control their outputs now. The problem is SB 53 removes that discretion by legally requiring them to "mitigate" government-defined risks. That's compelled filtering. The government is forcing companies to build censorship infrastructure instead of letting them make editorial choices.

The real issue is precedent. Today it's bioweapons and cyberattacks. But once we establish that government can mandate "safety" assessments and require mitigation of "dangerous capabilities," that framework applies to whatever gets defined as dangerous tomorrow.
by JKCalhoun | 2025-09-29 23:23:18+00:00
Just an old hobbyist these days. I'm finishing up the written manual portion of a "breadboard helper" for playing with (learning) electronics. The current "helper" I am finishing up gives you instructions (and an explanation) for wiring up over a dozen transistor logic circuits with the aid of a small PCB + breadboard [1].

Inspired by Forrest Mims III, Don Lancaster and the "75 in 1" style electronic project kits my mom got for me for Christmas when I was a kid.

I hope to sell them and then probably never recoup my investment.

[1] https://imgur.com/8pkHiSm

(I'll leave it as an exercise for someone clever to figure out what circuit is being depicted in the photo.)
by dataviz1000 | 2025-09-29 23:24:04+00:00
Browser automation with a Chrome Extension.

Cordyceps: A port of Playwight that doesn't use CDP or Chrome DevTools Protocol either over websockets or chrome.debugger. Instead it uses pure DOM and Chrome Extension APIs. It includes a port of both Stagehand and Browser Use that run purely inside the Chrome Extension. [0]

Doomberg Terminal: A Chrome Extension that performs algorithmic trading using Robinhood's web interface and market data. [1]

crx-mcp-over-cdp: This is a proof of concept demonstrating how to run a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server inside a Chrome Extension using Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP) - no external server required. (Sort of, I left out the actual MCP library implementation. Ran out of time.) [2]

[0] https://github.com/adam-s/cordyceps

[1] https://github.com/adam-s/doomberg-terminal

[2] https://github.com/adam-s/crx-mcp-over-cdp
by scarface_74 | 2025-09-29 23:24:14+00:00
That’s the beauty of it this time. Money losing companies are staying private and the only public companies that are involved in the Ponzi scheme seem to be Oracle and to a lesser extent Nvidia. But at least Nvidia is not borrowing money for its investments.

Of course Tesla. But it’s always been a meme stock. I don’t see the AI bubble busting and it affecting the S&P 500 that much. Even before AI, the other public tech companies have real business and AI will be a “sustaining innovation” (see Clay Christenson).

For me personally, Gen AI is just another tool in my tool belt when I implement projects - ie another AWS SDK service call (boto3/Bedrock).

Yes if you have a pension, on the other hand, all bets are off since ther do invest in private equity unlike most defined contribution plans.
by metalman | 2025-09-29 23:24:35+00:00
Here in Nova Scotia our worst police and government excesses now seem quaint by comparison. The unhinged violence, bieng directed by police at people who pose no possible threat shown in videos every single day and The six pack confescation of someones plane which is absolute proof of racketiering and thuggery makes almost any other country in the world look better, or if not better, not worse. Realy find what is happening hard to process and wonder where it goes next. If things get realy bad, you guys(Mainers) can take the border signs for Canada and move them to your southern border, well unless Mass wants them.
by CodeMage | 2025-09-29 23:24:50+00:00
> And don’t try to convince me that a Java developer from India possesses skills that our university graduates don’t.

Skills? Not necessarily, but there's something a lot of immigrants possess that your university graduates don't: freedom from the weight of student loans.

I'm not from India, so I can't speak for them. Plus, I imagine that the situation in India changed over the years and it's probably not the same as when this trend started. But I can speak for myself and people I know from many other countries, including China. Most of us have had an education that is on par with a lot of American colleges and universities, but without the crushing cost.

Get rid of all immigrant workers and the industry will collapse, because your graduates need to pay off a huge debt that immigrants don't have.
by jms55 | 2025-09-29 23:24:57+00:00
I've been working on raytraced lighting in the Bevy game engine, using wgpu's new support for hardware raytracing in WGSL. The initial prototype is launching with the release of Bevy 0.17 tomorrow, but there's still a ton left to improve. Lots of experimenting with shaders and different optimizations.

I wrote a blog post about my initial findings recently: https://jms55.github.io/posts/2025-09-20-solari-bevy-0-17
by kjs3 | 2025-09-29 23:25:31+00:00
My family and friends (sometimes up to 5 families together) have gone to the same summer beach rental for more than 25 years. I know dozens of families who do the same thing. I have several large groups of friends from college who have rented the same mountain places since we graduated (we are almost 2 decades older than you).

Once again, "I don't do that" is not the same as "no one does that".
by sandworm101 | 2025-09-29 23:25:48+00:00
Only at lower latitudes. In the high north, the better config is vertical but one-sided in a V pointing south. Ideally then, one panel is face-on during the long sunrise, the other during the long sunset. Compare to at the equator where one side of a two-sided panel is facing the sunset/rise.

This opens the interesting prospect of hinged vertical pannels that could be adjusted for the season, opening up the V in winter and closing it in summer
by wasabi991011 | 2025-09-29 23:26:20+00:00
> you can do science as a hobby in your spare time for free or up to your chosen budget

Not in many fields/subfields, unless "chosen budget" is some unattainable amount of disposable income.

Most people who want to do science have a specific field they are interested in. Your proposal is fine for theoreticians (and some computationalists, depending on the compute they require), but not many others.
Show HN: Give LLMs TypeScript tools without writing MCP servers
by jmcodes | 2025-09-29 23:26:36+00:00
I built this after reading Cloudflare's "Code Mode" article and building my own local version (link below).

Instead of making MCP tool calls, LLMs write TypeScript against auto-generated RPC clients. // Follow the readme instructions and run the RPC server

mcp-rpc-runtime -r ./test-rpc -p 8080

Drop .ts files with typed exports: // ./test-rpc/users.ts export async function getUser(args: { id: number }): Promise<User> { ... }

The system generates a typed client. LLMs write normal TypeScript: const [user, orders] = await Promise.all([ rpc.users.getUser({ id: 123 }), rpc.orders.getHistory({ userId: 123 }) ]);

No MCP servers needed. The RPC runtime has full system access, while LLM scripts run sandboxed with only network permissions.

Original Local Code Mode: https://github.com/jx-codes/codemode-mcp Runtime: https://github.com/jx-codes/mcp-rpc-runtime MCP Bridge: https://github.com/jx-codes/mcp-rpc-bridge Details: https://jmcodes.tech/blog/mcp-rpc/
by adevilinyc | 2025-09-29 23:28:01+00:00
I'm building Mighty, a library that lets you render Astro components everywhere.

https://go-mighty.vercel.app/

(Will probably register a proper domain name close to release)

Historically, Astro hasn't had an API like renderToString for React/Vue/etc. that takes a component and renders it on the server. That changed with the release of the Container API last year: https://docs.astro.build/en/reference/container-reference/

But there are still a lot of rough edges:

- Importing components is a hassle (you have to go dig through the Astro manifest or create a TS file that exports all your components)

- No Vite integration (so no local dev support, or hot reload)

- No styling support (this is probably the biggest one)

Mighty will provide dev + styling support and a simple way to import your Astro components, with adapters for Hono and Laravel when first releasing. For Hono, it should be as simple as writing a few lines of code:

https://go-mighty.vercel.app/guides/backend-adapters/hono/#r...

Still WIP, but I hope to have something out by the end of the year! Let me know what you think.

https://go-mighty.vercel.app/

(And yes, I wrote the docs before the code! It helps me structure my API design far better, even if not perfectly)
by rowanG077 | 2025-09-29 23:28:08+00:00
I'm not a yosys developer to be clear, so I have no say what they license their software as. But indeed someone taken an open source software with a good community and re-branding it as their own while adding a thinly veiled lick of paint without even attempting to work together with upstream indeed leaves a bad taste in my mouth. On the other hand licensing software as GPL also leaves a bad taste in my mouth.
by Chilko | 2025-09-29 23:28:18+00:00
But that's not true - V_OC for PV modules is nearly always spec'd at STC or NOCT, which is clearly stated on module datasheets along with the temperature coefficient of that voltage.

E.g. choosing a random Jinko datasheet: https://jinkosolarcdn.shwebspace.com/uploads/JKM600-625N-66H...

V_OC is specified at both STC and NOTC, and the datasheet clearly states which environmental conditions accounted for in those test conditions.
by lelandbatey | 2025-09-29 23:28:24+00:00
Yes, this is true. I chose a nested-maps example because while it is inaccurate for actual DB applications, it's very helpful for explaining the limits of index ordering and the limits that range queries have when interacting with indexes. It's helpful to use maps as a first explanation because they're one of the most used datastructures that nearly all languages have built in (yes, I know, C, I'm talking about the other 9 of top 10 languages), and many work-a-day developers and dabblers will use nearly _only_ lists and maps (and objects/classes/structs) in their language of choice. I could've used Python's OrderedDict but I figured if I was going to stray away from "the most straightforward possible case using the datastructures everyone is already using daily", I'd have been better off jumping straight to a custom tree, like you've done.

That's a great miniature example of such a tree!
by codazoda | 2025-09-29 23:28:43+00:00
LLM-Jail is a Simple Docker Container to Contain Your LLM CLI

https://github.com/codazoda/llm-jail

I don’t know if this is really necessary, but I created it after doing an in-house CTF challenge, with no LLM rules, and I was giving several LLM CLI’s a lot of leeway and iterating very quickly.
by SirensOfTitan | 2025-09-29 23:28:51+00:00
A good anchor here is that cigarette smokers are 15-30 times more likely to get or die from lung cancer compared to non-smokers.

Effect size and baseline risk matter a lot, and while the idea that alcohol was pro-health always felt a little suspect, I don't think this kind of risk profile is at all significant enough for people to change their habits for.

I didn't also read too much into this study, but there is a stark difference between old age dementia and younger dementia. My mom contracted dementia symptoms at 58, which is so much more devastating than another family member who started showing symptoms at 97.
by nerdsniper | 2025-09-29 23:29:15+00:00
I find most countries which produce a range of a particular consumer food/beverage tend to export their lowest quality of that good in the largest quantities. Globally, it's relatively easy to find either Stella Artois, Heineken, Guinness, Corona, Fosters, Budweiser, Asahi, or Tsingtao wherever you go. They're not great. But each of their respective countries makes fantastic beer - they just drink it all domestically.

Americans will say European beer is bad based on this, having never tasted proper Belgians. Europeans will say American cheese is shit, having never tasted Wisconsin's best cheeses. Because for the most part we don't export our best.

Wine is a bit of a lemon market in the USA - there are some knowledgeable buyers but most buyers are laypeople who are faced with 200 options and no way to distinguish them other than price and country of origin. So if the only that that differentiates the wine at the time of purchase (not at the time of consumption), the optimal thing to do is to stock as much cheap wine as you can from each country but then price them all at different tiers. That way someone coming in for a $25 bottle of Spanish wine, finds a $25 bottle of Spanish wine to buy.

Yes there are some discerning customers, but if you fail to cater to them you'll still sell a whole lot of wine to non-discerning customers.
by RichardChu | 2025-09-29 23:30:23+00:00
I'm working on 2 projects right now:

1. Fluxmail - https://fluxmail.ai

Fluxmail is an AI-powered email app that helps you get done with email faster. I think there's a significant opportunity for AI to change the way we use email, and I'm experimenting with ways to improve the status quo. I'd love to hear what features you'd like to see in such an app!

2. ExploreJobs.ai - https://explorejobs.ai

This is a job board for AI jobs and companies. The job market in AI is pretty hot right now, and there are a lot of cool AI companies out there. I'm hoping to connect job seekers with fast-growing AI companies.
by throw0101c | 2025-09-29 23:30:37+00:00
> I was presenting a rough zeroth order approximation because I didn’t understand how the value of money could be completely divorced from assets/the economy.

Money has no value except in what it can buy you, the most important of which are shelter, water, and food for survival. After that you get into what can help you achieve happiness / fulfillment.

As a percentage of household spending, food (even with recent risen prices) have never been lower:

* https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/03/02/389578089/yo...

and clothing:

* https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2006/may/wk5/art02.htm

* https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/as-a-share-of-household-spend...

We've never lived longer, with fewer diseases, and had an easier (and safer) time to travel.

Sadly shelter (especially if you want to buy) has gotten more expensive (at least in the Anglo-sphere), but that's more about things like zoning policy and such rather than money supply.

So what exactly has dropped in "value" in human life/lives with the increased amount of money that's supposedly bouncing around? When in human history have things been better? If you could jump in a time machine that goes 88 mph, what period of history would you rather be in to live your life?
by runarberg | 2025-09-29 23:30:57+00:00
A kanji learning app using free dictionary data and the FSRS spaced repetition system for maximum context per card and optimal memory retention.

https://shodoku.app/

https://github.com/runarberg/shodoku

My theory of learning is that you learn the characters better if you learn how to read and write them at the same time. And flash cards are better by giving you as much information as possible about the character.

This is fundamentally different from e.g. WaniKani which only teaches you how to read the character and relies on pre-made mnemonics (plus SRS) for easier retention, and from Anki which (normally) has very minimal flash cards, showing only small bits of information per card. When you have the whole dictionary on each card it gives you the opportunity to create the easiest connection with what you already know. This may be some made up story about the components (radicals) in the kanji (like WaniKani does) a word you already know, other kanji sharing the components, etc. The more connections you make the easier it is to learn them.

One of the features I personally use extensively is the ability to bookmark words containing the kanji, which will then pop up at the top of the words section in a later review. If I remember the meaning and the reading of the words I have bookmarked for this character during a reading review, I consider mark card as good. If I remember none of them I mark it “again”.
by michaelt | 2025-09-29 23:31:39+00:00
> As I understand it, OpenAI and Anthropic have both wisely decided to make sure he has up to date info because they know he'll write about it.

And the wisest part is if he writes something they don't like, they can cut off that advanced access.

As is the longstanding tradition in games journalism, travel journalism, and suchlike.
by borroka | 2025-09-29 23:32:07+00:00
I have never heard of them, those are the mythical beings nobody has ever seen. If it were true, the opposite would be likely true as well (I don't like red wine, but I drink if because it is good for my health).

The negative effects one could operate on are putting on weight, not sleeping as well at night, bad breath, sleepiness, but not a fear-mongering article in which it is said that any amount of alcohol increases the risk of dementia. I am talking about a glass of wine; if the current regime is a bottle of wine a day, the whole equation changes.
by geoctl | 2025-09-29 23:32:34+00:00
I am working on Octelium https://github.com/octelium/octelium a FOSS unified zero trust secure access platform that is flexible enough to operate as a modern zero-config remote access VPN, a Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)/BeyondCorp platform, an API/AI/LLM gateway, an infrastructure for MCP gateways and agentic AI architectures/meshes, a PaaS-like platform, ngrok alternative, and even as a homelab infrastructure. It is basically a unified, generic, Kubernetes-like, zero trust architecture (ZTA) for secure access and deployment, that can operate in many human-to-workload, workload-to-workload, and hybrid environments.

I actually did a SHOW HN exactly 3 months ago and received lots of invaluable critique regarding how dense, overwhelming and unreadable the docs and repo README were. I've actually spent a lot of time trying to improve the quality of the docs and README since then. I'd love to receive any feedback, negative included, regarding the current overall quality of the docs and README from whoever is interest in that space.
by cogman10 | 2025-09-29 23:32:49+00:00
> Has anyone put machine learning in an SQL query optimizer yet?

Yes, I think everyone has? At very least I know that MSSQL has because we semi regularly run into problems with it :).

MSSQL keeps track of query statistics and uses those in future planning. SOMETIMES it just so happens that the optimization for the general case makes the outlier 100x slower which kills general performance.
by sudosu94u34934 | 2025-09-29 23:33:29+00:00
I’ve created an AI-powered app designed to help candidates prepare for Meta’s product manager interviews, with a focus on product execution questions. The app allows you to practice by speaking or typing your responses, then uses AI to score answers against a rubric and track your progress over time.

I’m looking for beta testers—happy to share early access if you’re interested! If you are please message me.
by vldszn | 2025-09-29 23:34:01+00:00
I built a free & open-source invoice generator: https://easyinvoicepdf.com/?template=stripe

- No sign-up, works entirely in-browser

- Live PDF preview + instant download

- VAT support (EU-friendly)

- Shareable invoice links

- Multi-language (10+) & multi-currency

- Multiple templates (incl. Stripe-style)

- Mobile-friendly

GitHub: https://github.com/VladSez/easy-invoice-pdf

Would love feedback, contributions, or ideas for other templates/features!
by neverkn0wsb357 | 2025-09-29 23:34:11+00:00
I wonder if this is a parallel trap for people who study PoliSci and want to go into government to make a difference.

Regardless, each career has a disillusionment curve — although yes in this case the financial reality of it (still is) is super unfortunate.

If I had to guess, probably mostly because it doesn’t fit in a nice capitalist box of money in / money out.
by efromvt | 2025-09-29 23:34:27+00:00
Been exploring the amazing GCAT space dataset - it’s been a good way to drive some dashboard feature experimentation using fun data. Still need to work on my dashboard design skills, though.

GCAT: https://planet4589.org/space/gcat/

Dashboard example: https://trilogydata.dev/trilogy-studio-core/#screen=dashboar...
by eadmund | 2025-09-29 23:34:33+00:00
> your dollar is worth 8x less than what it was worth in 1970.

A dollar in 2025 is not worth -7 (i.e. eight times one less than one) dollars from 1970; it is worth ⅛th of a dollar from 1970.

Yes, I know what you mean. But ‘×’ is multiplication, not division — and phrases like ‘¼ less than’ and ‘3 less than’ have clear meanings inconsistent with using ‘8× less than’ to mean ‘⅛th.’
by jmcodes | 2025-09-29 23:34:35+00:00
Oh this sounds so awesome. The memory system sounds very cool. I could imagine decaying memories in the graph, their initial salience being N then as it gets referenced more and more N goes up (more edges?), keep a decay function over time?

Sounds very cool.

I actually didn't end up implementing the memory. Instead I went down the 'get rid of the MCP' route. https://github.com/jx-codes/mcp-rpc

Basically instead of mcp servers you write typescript files that are parsed to generate a typed client, these are executed in one deno sandbox, and the LLM code gets that typed client and its scripts are run in a sandbox with only net allowed.

Been having some fun testing it out today.

If you have time to take a look I would be curious to hear what you think.

https://github.com/jx-codes/mcp-rpc
by mcdow | 2025-09-29 23:36:06+00:00
I'm working on a notes app that is as simple as Apple notes, but has native markdown support and uses semantic search.

Uses SwiftUI for the UI, and Zig does most of the heavy lifting on the backend. It's inspired by ghostty which uses a similar setup[1].

Right now it only works for Mac, but I'll be porting to iOS as soon as I get the markdown renderer polished. It's not available to the public yet, but I'm using it as my daily driver and hope to release it later this year. I've open sourced it so you can see the source code here[2].

1. https://ghostty.org/

2. https://github.com/emmettmcdow/nana