MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by anymouse123456 | 2025-09-01 14:46:58+00:00
This question is a non sequitur.

No one is arguing for using ISP-hosted accounts as an alternative.

The core problem isn't even rooted in identity per se, it's about platform owners actively working to limit access to essential information from platforms they cannot profit from.

Even granting the most cherubic motives, this ongoing behavior is atrocious on it's face and should be prevented by any means, including competition, rule making and legislation.
by jibal | 2025-09-01 14:47:11+00:00
You think no one has done that? Aside from explicitly encoding book lines, NN weights developed over millions of games steer chess engines away from useless lines.

But if you don't explore a line, even if you believe it's effectively useless, then you haven't solved chess.

P.S.

> I don't think I've ever seen or will ever see: 1. a3 a6 2. h3 h6

I have. Children and other beginners often do play like this. And even at GM levels we've seen nonsense like the Bongcloud and, marginally less nonsensically, the Cow opening.
by m-p-3 | 2025-09-01 14:47:35+00:00
> I don't think btrfs has a concept of having only some subvolumes usable. Either you can mount the filesystem or you can't.

You can still mount the BTRFS array as degraded if you specify it during mount. But then this lead to some others issues like the missing data written while degraded will not be automatically be copied over without doing a scrub, while ZFS will resilver it automatically, etc

> You can prevent the issue in the first place by identifying the filesystem by UUID instead of by an individual block device.

I tried that, but all it does is select the first available block device during mount, so if that device goes down, the mount also goes down.
by FlatPotato22 | 2025-09-01 14:47:38+00:00
Hi HN,

I built this because I had to process a large number of local files with an AI and got tired of the endless copy-pasting.

FlatGem is a simple, open-source desktop tool that connects the Gemini API to your local file system. You set one system prompt, point it to your input/output folders, and it processes everything in bulk.

It's completely free, with no ads or tracking. This is a passion project, I'm not trying to build a business out of it. Just wanted to solve a problem that was annoying me.

The code is on GitHub and I'd appreciate any feedback you have.

GitHub (source & downloads): https://github.com/FlatPotato/FlatGem Direct download link (itch.io): https://flatpotato22.itch.io/flatgem
by JeffJor | 2025-09-01 14:48:10+00:00
> The reasons why the original problem is so confusing is the same reason why the Monty Hall is so confusing: people have different understandings of the question, and don't realize it in discussions.

Almost everybody understands the same problem, AND STILL GET DIFFERENT ANSWERS. If they don't understand it, they make pedantic arguments about Monty's motivations. All of which make the puzzle impossible to answer.

What they don't understand is probability. Probability is a measure of the information you lack about what causes a certain result to occur. That includes the physical details (where the prize is, what the genders are) but also the choices made for hidden reasons.

In the Monty Hall Problem, to reduce complexity, label the doors C (the contestant's original door), R (the door to its right, wrapping around if necessary), and L (the door to its left). What leads up to the game state at the time the decision to switch is made are (A) Where the prize was placed and (B) How Monty Hall chooses a door to open if the prize is behind C.

The naive answer is based on only (A). The two unopened doors (C and R, or C and L) started with the same probability. So they must now have the same probability, 1/2, right? No, wrong, because we need to take (B) into account. If the prize is behind R then the host had to open L. If the prize is behind L then the host had to open R. But if the prize is behind C then the host had to choose. Since we don't know how, we have to assume there was a 50% chance that he would choose R, and 50% for L. Once we see him open, say, R? This 50:50 reduces the probability that the prize is behind C, so switching becomes twice as likely to win.

The Two Child Problem works exactly the same way. What leads up to the point where we are asked for a probability is (A) the gender makeup of the family and (B) how the information came to us if there is a boy and a girl.

The naive answer is based on only (A). A mixed family is twice as likely as either two-of-a-kind family. So the probability of two-of-a-kind is 1/3, right? Wrong, unless we know WITH CERTAINTY that we could not have learned about the other gender. If we do not have that certainty, then just like with Monty Hall we have to assume that half of the time in a mixed we would have learned the other gender. This makes a mixed family half as likely as (A) alone would suggest; in other words, the same as two-of-a-kind.The answer is 1/2.

Joseph Bertrand pointed out, in 1889, why we need to take (B) into account. Martin Gardner, who originated the Two Child Problem, repeated it in 1959. In the same article where he introduced the predecessor to Monty Hall (called the Three Prisoners Problem), and explained why (B) is important. It should be embarrassing to anyone who thinks that the "Tuesday" variation's answer is 13/27. Because it was first mentioned at a puzzle convention named in honor of Martin Gardner and forgot his warning. Adding irrelevant information can't change the answer, and if you take (B) into account the answer doesn't change.
by tetraodonpuffer | 2025-09-01 14:48:35+00:00
Thanks for the write up! In my current application I have a few different scenarios that are a bit different from yours but still require processing aggregated data in order

1. Reading from various files where each file has lines with a unique identifier I can use to process in order: I open all the files and create a min heap reading the first line of each, then process by grabbing the lowest from the min-heap repeatedly, after reading a line from a file, I read another and put it in the min-heap again (the min heap cells contain the opened file descriptor for that file)

2. Aggregating across goroutines that service data generators with different latencies and throughputs. I have a goroutine each that interfaces with them and consider them “producers”. Using a global atomic integer I can quickly assign a unique increasing index to the messages coming in, these can be serviced with a min-heap same as above. There are some considerations about dropping too old messages, so an alternative approach for some cases is to index the min-heap on received time and process only up to time.Now()-some buffering time to allow more time for things to settle before dropping things (trading total latency for this).

3. Similar to the above I have another scenario where throughput ingestion is more important and repeated processing happens in-order but there is no requirement on all messages to have been processed every time, just that they are processed in order (this is the backing for a log viewer). In this case I just slab allocate and dump what I receive without ordering concerns but I also keep a btree with the indexes that I iterate over when it’s time to process. I originally had this buffering like (2) to guarantee mostly ordered insertions in the slabs themselves (which I simply iterated on) but if a stall happened in a goroutine then shifting over the items in the slab when the old items came in became very expensive and could spiral badly.
by nicoburns | 2025-09-01 14:49:01+00:00
> If you use oathtool on your laptop, and the password is stored there as well, you're back to 1FA... that can be fine if that's what you want.

A lot of the time that is what I want. 2FA is pretty overkill for low-importance accounts if you're using a long random password anyway. But some services make it mandatory.
by ori_b | 2025-09-01 14:49:25+00:00
If you log into accounts from your phone, that's also 1fa in the same way. And if you keep your phone in the same place as your laptop, so it can get stolen at the same time, that's also effectively 1fa.

The threats that TOTP protects against are ones that don't involve losing your device. For example, if somebody breaches a password database or phishes your password, TOTP codes prevent them from using the leaked credentials.

Phishing/bulk password dumps are more common issues than device theft.
by frabcus | 2025-09-01 14:50:08+00:00
The spikes in the last 2 years have happened for very short amounts of time. If renewables are working, you don't get a spike, and save loads on this tariff. The small amount of time they're not, you sometimes have to pay more, but not for long enough to matter. It's fundamentally more effective for everyone than the default of buying the insurance of fixed prices.
by TheAceOfHearts | 2025-09-01 14:50:12+00:00
I don't know about electric cars, but for gas powered cars there are open source ECUs [0][1]. There are also tuners that directly modify the car's firmware to improve performance. Finally, you can connect a computer to the CAN bus [2], which allows you to capture and replay commands, as well as craft your own commands. This is how Comma's openpilot [3] works: it connects to the CAN bus and sends commands for all supported functionality.

What kind of features did you have in mind?

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_control_unit

[1] https://rusefi.com/

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAN_bus

[3] https://comma.ai/openpilot
by mamcx | 2025-09-01 14:50:14+00:00
Other do a lot of nitpicking in workflows (with responses that are expected, like "but who cares" or "in git I could do the same"), but not answer this:

JJ is MORE powerful than git because has a BETTER SEMANTICS & ABSTRACTION.

That its. Is like when git emerge, it was more powerful than svn because was distributed.

I wanna make the point clear: Is NOT about the "amount of features or specific workflows" that with pain can be made on git and with effort could be retrofitted on jj eventually (if today are missed, like a equivalent of GitHub!).

The power is what abstraction made jj that is different to git: We work on "commits" all the time, and not need to manually sync the state. Everything derive from this.

And because is a better abstraction, it make more sense and is easier to understand.

The UX derive from this.
by jamil7 | 2025-09-01 14:50:31+00:00
> xCode with built-in live rebuild preview simulator

You couldn't have picked a slower, more buggy, opaque feature to highlight here. Its useful for UI work when it works properly but I feel like I have to mentally prepare myself everytime I switch the canvas on to avoid throwing the computer out the window.

I'll agree on Xcode Cloud though, integrated CI, signing and TestFlight builds with minimal hassle is very nice.
by andy_ppp | 2025-09-01 14:51:53+00:00
This is nonsense, if they are getting this AI slop past code review that is a disgrace. When I take solutions from AI I need to rewrite almost every line for style and project alignment reasons. There is something uncanny valley about AI code that just needs to be deleted or changed too, for example the comments it writes are usually terrible.

Maybe I can potentially believe at one point AI code was used to create a starting point for 50% of PRs…
by jijijijij | 2025-09-01 14:52:32+00:00
I think GrapheneOS focuses on privacy and security, not liberation. I think their pragmatic and narrow-minded approach is valid, it's important not to conflate their scope with related issues they are unable/unwilling to tackle.

Personally, I think a usable pure Linux phone is required to weaken the desktop vs. mobile distinction and break the lock-in. This would additionally empower the desktop platform, confirm it as baseline.
by king_geedorah | 2025-09-01 14:53:20+00:00
The web is open and is famously very competitive. We have three whole browser engines and only two of them are implemented by for-profit corporations whose valuations have 13 digits. I mean other ones exist, but the average modern developer claims it's your fault when something doesn't work because you use firefox or safari and also demands the browser rewrap all the capabilities the operating system already provides for you because they can't be assed to do the work of meeting users where they are.
by 404oops | 2025-09-01 14:54:18+00:00
There should be a seperate VC for this, because using git for stuff like that is a bit wrong.

Also many DAWs export their project files as binaries (like Logic) so Git wouldn't like that much in terms of Diff and Compression

The main issue is also maintaining multiple folders. Git can do submodules, but that means creating new gits, publishing, making new submodules etc which is a waste of time that a normal person would rather spend making _v2s, even though they're cloggy and messy
by aejtaetj | 2025-09-01 14:54:27+00:00
For consoles, it was actually the original Xbox that started this trend, using a proprietary physical connector, but with a mostly standard usb protocol, for no other purpose than to be consumer hostile. Physical hacks was of course rapidly found in this case to adapt it to be standard compliant.

Then again, with xbox360/kinect, the camera was using the usb procotol, but microsoft prevented it from working with pcs in windows. Instead you had to buy a several times more expensive "pc" version, that had the same specs, except for having the malicious compliance tech was removed.

I guess nintendo learned from this.
by const_cast | 2025-09-01 14:54:32+00:00
I don't think Node is faster than PHP because you can pretty aggressively optimize PHP. Between opcache cache, hot interpreters, JIT, frankenphp...

Chromium optimizes JS, sure, but not for that use case. It optimizes it for the frontend. I'm sure a huge part of that is how fast you can compile it - which means less aggressive optimize. I'm sure chromium absolutely does not optimize for long-lived JS processes.

Although, to be fair, I don't actually know which is faster. Just based off of my own experience, JS has been shockingly slow, and PHP quick in production. But that could be React clouding my view.

All in all, JS and PHP are pretty similar. The same stuff that makes JS slow is the stuff that makes PHP slow. Its not like JS has some magic sauce to turn an interpreted dynamically typed language into a performant one.
by jjani | 2025-09-01 14:55:21+00:00
I reckon a whole lot of these things wouldn't hold up in court. Either Swedish court or EU court. If not, then German court, or Australian court.

Here in this very thread I'm quite sure there's dozens of people who have pretty much made millions off of the back of this exact thing, i.e. working as developers at the likes of Google, Meta and Apple, part of the machine.

We need those people to atone and start funding lawyers out of pocket and bringing such cases, rather than just chatting about woe is me. In Europe that is, where the judiciary is still much less captured - the US is a lost cause. Such lawsuits are also much cheaper than going up against MegaCorp in US court.
by einsteinx2 | 2025-09-01 14:55:40+00:00
Finally!! I never liked CocoaPods due to how it “takes over” your Xcode project. I used to prefer Carthage, then just git submodules, then SPM. In my last job I oversaw SDK development and CocoaPods was the bain of my existence. Constant CDN problems causing release delays, annoying extra file in Ruby to maintain, different behavior than our other releases due to how CocoaPods builds projects, etc. SPM was as simple as pushing a git tag and maintaining a simple Swift file, while pushing to CocoaPods was rolling the dice how many times I’d get an error message. Good riddance!
by tomatocracy | 2025-09-01 14:56:19+00:00
The current marginal market price is not the same as the current average price being paid for all electricity delivered. A lot is delivered via fixed price arrangements of one sort or another (CFDs, PPAs, etc) and then there are things like the Balancing Mechanism which is paid as bid, and capacity payments which are outside the marginal cost per kWh part of the system.
by Moosaabbas | 2025-09-01 14:56:36+00:00
Hi HN,

I built Whisperly , a simple voice-first chat app where strangers can talk directly via voice instead of text. The idea came from noticing that text-based apps (Discord, Reddit, etc.) are flooded with low-effort or shallow interactions, while voice creates more authentic, less filtered conversations.

Right now Whisperly does one thing: connect two strangers in a voice room. There’s no feed, no follower counts, and no likes just voice.

I built the first version using LiveKit for low-latency audio, React/Tailwind for the frontend, and a minimal backend for matchmaking. My goal was to test whether strangers actually want to jump into voice-only interactions at scale.

A few things I’m still figuring out: – How to prevent trolling/harassment without killing spontaneity – Whether people prefer 1:1 voice or small group rooms – If the retention curve looks anything like text chat apps or something very different

I’d love feedback from this community, especially on (1) ways to bootstrap trust in a voice-only environment and (2) any ideas for sustainable moderation.

Thanks for reading happy to answer questions.
by stevenwoo | 2025-09-01 14:56:39+00:00
The reveal of much of the right wing influencer network being funded by Russian state actors makes this more understandable. https://apnews.com/article/russian-interference-presidential... It goes from bottom to top with Tulsi Gabbard parroting Russian talking points on Russian state TV then from the White House and now those right wing influencers repeating Russian talking points at White House press conferences. It's probably the most successful adversarial state sponsored social engineering effort ever.
by 1970-01-01 | 2025-09-01 14:56:47+00:00
Nope. The masses have voted with their wallets for the walled garden approach. Maybe if the Linux phone wasn't as terrible or worse than bottom contender Android devices the argument could stand. In an era where move fast and break things is business as usual, we've correctly chosen the devices that just work, even when we must sell our privacy to make it so. The days of IBM/PC compatible are ancient history.
by mpyne | 2025-09-01 14:56:48+00:00
Yeah, it comes down to modeling assumptions on how many different types of exceptions can be thrown, how many actually are thrown, and the shape of the control flow graph of a program at runtime.

You can find one style outperforms the other based on the circumstances of the program, and programmers worried about optimization may someday be able to choose between approaches to meet their performance goals instead of pretending that tables are inherently slow and return codes that they won't even fully implement are inherently fast.

My point was simply that you can't just say "oh but exceptions are not zero-cost" without actually comparing to the alternative of laboriously carting return codes all through the call graph, as done in the research you show here and as also done by Khalil Estell elsewhere for ARM embedded.
by gadders | 2025-09-01 14:57:50+00:00
I was listening to Dominic Sandbrook the other day (from "The Rest is History" podcast). His point was that if you had to pick any empire through history to live in (without knowing your place in it - a sort of Rawlsian Veil), you would probably pick the British Empire. It wasn't perfect, but more benevolent than a lot of other empires.
by Traubenfuchs | 2025-09-01 14:58:46+00:00
> Curious how others tackle such problems.

What do you think about the order preserving simplicity of Java?

List<Input> inputs = ...; List<Output> results = inputs.parallelStream() .map(this::processTask) .collect(toList());

If you want more control or have more complex use cases, you can use an ExecutorService of your choice, handle the futures yourself or get creative with Javas new structured concurrency.
by sroussey | 2025-09-01 14:59:22+00:00
This looks like the logical inverse of hyper threading.

With hyper threading, you had a big core with, say, multiple ALUs that went unused if the work was numerically simple. So it tried to run two threads and use all ALUs.

This is the reverse—two cores that can merge to handle a single thread that requires more resources, in order to make a single thread run faster.
by mothballed | 2025-09-01 14:59:59+00:00
Well the US can do it with CBP/ICE, but not for life. I was placed in a jail without being arrested or being accused of a crime and they were very clear at all times I was not even arrested, nor did a federal criminal history search show any record of arrest. No access to lawyer either.

US Citizen. Contacted lawyers, all informed me they'd given up trying to sue for these things because it's hopeless.
by kelipso | 2025-09-01 15:00:07+00:00
Musk campaigned for him pretty actively. I remember a "chance to win a million dollars if you vote" thing Musk ran in Pennsylvania that was controversial. I don't remember if Musk was part of the official campaign team though, probably not. There were a lot of outsiders, many from the tech scene, in his campaign though. Very obvious show of support from tech billionaires pre-election.
by bccdee | 2025-09-01 15:00:25+00:00
I don't expect a single monolithic law could work, but I see no reason why a constellation of specific laws couldn't work.

For instance, the "stop killing games" proposal¹ is by far one of the most demanding laws I can imagine in this vein, but I've (anecdotally) seen massive support for it in gaming communities.

[1]: https://www.stopkillinggames.com/faq
by alirezaxdehghan | 2025-09-01 15:00:40+00:00
I remember that in order to unlock the bootloader of my trusty old Xiaomi Mi 5 (I still use it to this day as a test device for development) I had to go to some website, say that I'm happy with unlocking it, agreeing to the terms and stuff and at the end be willing to wipe my device clean and have an "unlocked" written under my boot animation. I think these would stop your average joe, but now I've heared Xiaomi has blocked unlocking your bootloader in its entirety which is a shame, they used to allow root access from inside a stock app.
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