MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by rcrowley | 2025-09-22 18:59:14+00:00
I think we've got (1) covered elsewhere in the comment tree.

For (2), semi-synchronous replication is a MySQL term which we realize in Postgres is by using synchronous replication with ANY one of the available replicas acknowledging the write. This allows us to guarantee durability in two availability zones before acknowledging writes to clients.

In MySQL the _semi_ part of semi-synchronous replication refers to the write only needing to be written to the binary log on the replica and not (necessarily) applied to InnoDB. This is why a MySQL database might be both acknowledging semi-synchronous writes and reporting non-zero replication lag.
by rdtsc | 2025-09-22 18:59:51+00:00
Wonder what the State Bar of CA would have to say about this:

https://apps.calbar.ca.gov/attorney/Licensee/Detail/282372

Doesn't seems like there isn't kind of disciplinary action. You can just make up stuff and if you're caught, pay some pocket change (in lawyer money level territory) and move on.
by marginalia_nu | 2025-09-22 19:00:00+00:00
It basically is opinionated dotfiles and a few scripts, though that's a bit of a reductive take.

The killer feature of Omarchy is how accessible and streamlined it is. You can set up your own arch+hypr environment in a weekend of tweaking and fiddling assuming basic Linux competency, or you can use Omarchy and get where you want to be in 10 minutes with no tweaking or fiddling.

If you want is the outcome of the fiddling, then Omarchy is a great choice. If you want is fun of the fiddling process, then it's not for you.
by nice_byte | 2025-09-22 19:00:02+00:00
ignore this advice.

spend plenty of time studying data structures and algorithms as well as computer architecture. these are actually difficult things that take a long time to understand and will have a positive impact on your career.

study the underlying disciplines of your preferred domain.

in general, focus on more fundamental things and limit the amount of time you spend on stupid shit like frameworks, build systems, quirks of an editor or a programming language. all these things will find a way to steal your time _anyway_, and your time is extremely precious.

"testing" is not fundamental. there is no real skill to be learned there, it's just one of those things that will find a way to steal your time anyway so there is no point in focusing actively on it.

put it that way: you will NEVER get the extra time to study fundamental theory. you will ALWAYS be forced to spend time to write tests.

if you somehow find the time, spend it on things that are worth it.
by Halan | 2025-09-22 19:00:07+00:00
I am just in the 1% top UK earners working 25 hours a week from the comfort of my sofa with my average European education, broken English and working class background.

I feel shame for how easy was for me to get a great life in this country when most locals struggle with social mobility.

I get that full fat coke is an idiomatic phrase but it stems from honest ignorance towards macronutrients. I am a diabetic type 1, I had to explain that carbohydrates and alcohol can affect your blood like sugar to endless British people lol

Please, if you are monolingual and monoculture, just have some healthy skepticism about well eradicated habits in this society. That’s what I want to inspire in my friends

I lived here for over 20 years. Speak other two languages natively because my parents were from two different European countries. This is an informed opinion not hearsay!
by ls612 | 2025-09-22 19:00:17+00:00
#3 isn't quite right because a rise in inflation changes the discount rates that are applied to future cash flows in the equity valuation process. And on top of that, for risk-averse investors the fundamental uncertainty we are living in also will alter their discount rates independently of monetary effects. The first two are true enough at least under certain definitions of what an "AI-related company" is.

(source: I am also an economist who specializes in financial economics and corporate finance)
by ndriscoll | 2025-09-22 19:00:24+00:00
* is and, + is or. This agrees with Boolean algebra, so you can think in terms of a single bit. If you can also remember that functions A->B are exponentials B^A, then you can do a quick check that everything lines up: C^(A+B) = C^A*C^B. A function that handles A or B is the same as a function that handles A and a function that handles B.
by maxenglander | 2025-09-22 19:00:57+00:00
Hi n_u,

When we say ephemeral we mean that if the host compute dies in a permanent way (which happens from time to time) the data on the NVMe drives attached to that host is not recoverable by us. AWS/GCP might have recovery mechanisms internally it, but we don't have API access to those APIs.

When we say "semi-synchronous replication" we mean it in the sense of MySQL semi-synchronous replication: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/replication-semisync.... To be honest I'm not exactly sure where the "semi" comes from but here are two possible reasons I can think of why:

1. We actually only require that 1 of the 2 replicas sends an acknowledgement to the primary that it has durably stored the transaction to its relay log before the primary in turn sends an acknowledgement back to the client application. 2. The transaction is visible (can be read) on both the primary and the replica _before_ the primary sends back an acknowledgement that the transaction was committed back to the client application.
CADBase for engineers and designers updated to v0.3
by mnnxp | 2025-09-22 19:01:29+00:00
I'm pleased to announce an update to the CADBase digital platform for publishing, storing, and versioning drawings and 3D models. This will be useful for engineers and designers who need not only the cloud but also project data management, collaboration and data sharing with clients. FreeCAD and Blender are already integrated with the platform. I hope you'll have time to try it out. The name reflects the concept of "CAD database" - databases for storing and managing data of computer-aided design systems (models, drawings, specifications, etc.). The platform has extensive integration capabilities with design, modeling, analysis and simulation systems, as well as 2D and 3D animation editors. If you need this platform to integrate with your software, deploy to your servers, or have other questions that aren't answered yet, please email me at in@cadbase.rs or create an issue on GitLab/GitHub.
by input_sh | 2025-09-22 19:01:40+00:00
Right now, snap (2016-present). Before that, Unity instead of GNOME (2011-2017), Mir instead of Wayland (2006-2015), Upstart instead of systemd (2013-2017).

They always do something custom-made and not adopted by anyone else, only to completely backpedal and go with what everyone else has already been doing. So, even if you like their custom-made solution you'll eventually end up being disappointed. After that, it becomes like a relic that only some frustrated sysadmins like me will have to deal with whenever we interact with some legacy systems, which definitely doesn't help with Ubuntu's overall reputation.
by bokohut | 2025-09-22 19:02:34+00:00
Interestingly enough it is often times a foundational change in one's 'normal' that inspires something 'new'.

In this case that 'new' is energy efficient software down to the individual lines of code and what their energy cost is on certain hardware. Academics are publishing about it in niche corners of the web and some entrepreneurs are doing it but of course none of this is cool now so we remain a mockery for our objectives. In time this too will become a real thing as many now are just beginning to feel the ever rising costs of energy which is only just starting to increase from decisions made years ago. The worst is yet to come as seen and heard directly from every single expert that has testified in the last years before the Energy and Commerce committee however only the outside-the-boxers among us watch such educational content to better prepare for tomorrow.

Electricity powers our world and nearly all take it for granted, time too will change this thinking.

:D
by jenkinomics | 2025-09-22 19:02:39+00:00
I think ultimately the conclusion that we're in a bubble is bad analysis. It jumps over a chasm and assumes that analogy to past historical situations allows us to draw conclusions.

This isn't a bubble. This is the collapse of 300 years of modern capitalism into corporate techno feudalism.

This won't crash and lead to a recession or depression. We are at the end game. Look around you. Capital is going scorched earth on labor. They are winning. Cost of living in metropolitan areas is exploding, and most of us will end up begging for scraps in peripheral areas.

This is the result of everything the elites have been working towards for the past few decades. Climate catastrophe is the cherry on the cake: they will shock therapy us into the last few bits. There will be corporate citizenship that enables one to live as a demi-god at the behest of the owners, and survival in the wastelands for the rest of us.
by OutOfHere | 2025-09-22 19:02:50+00:00
I would never ever zip up a PostgreSQL data directory and expect it to restore elsewhere. I would use a proper export. If the export is too slow, it could help to use streaming replication to write intermediate files which can be moved to a backup location.

Even with SQLite, for a simple file copy to work reliably, one has to set these three:

"_pragma=synchronous(FULL)", "_pragma=checkpoint_fullfsync(ON)", "_pragma=fullfsync(ON)",
by cogman10 | 2025-09-22 19:03:19+00:00
Resources, none that I'm aware of. I generally think this is an OK way to look at testing [1], though I think it goes too far if you completely adopt their framework.

The boil down the tests I like to see. Structure them with "Given/when/then" statements. You don't need a framework for this, just make method calls with whatever unit test framework you are using. Keep the methods small, don't do a whole lot of "then"s, split that into multiple tests. Structure your code so that you aren't testing too deep. Ideally, you don't need to stand up your entire environment to run a test. But do write some of those tests, they are important for catching issues that can hide between unit tests.

[1] https://cucumber.io/docs/bdd/
by n_u | 2025-09-22 19:03:44+00:00
> This made me laugh pretty hard, but it's basically my take too.

Haha glad you enjoyed it.

> It's interesting to me, though, that people see Postgres as the "big database" and MySQL as the "hobby database." I basically see things as the exact opposite

I agree. As I understand Postgres started as a challenger to SQL[1][2] with support for more complicated data types but then in the mid '90s they added SQL support and it was renamed PostgreSQL.

Anecdotally I have heard from people working in industry in the 2000s-2010s that Postgres was viewed as less mature so many of the large web applications were on MySQL. This is a bit confusing to me because MySQL was released around the same time Postgres added SQL support but maybe it was because MySQL had a company behind it.

Many large scale applications of those days were using MySQL. Facebook developed RocksDB and then MyRocks[3] based on MySQL. Youtube built Vitess [4] which was sharded MySQL which was later used by Slack [5], Square, Pintrest and others.

> It's more academically correct

I'm curious about this. I know that Postgres implements MVCC in a wasteful way and uses the OS page cache in addition to its buffer pool resulting in double buffering rather than direct I/O. I feel like the more I learn about database internals the more I learn about how MySQL did things the "right" way and Postgres's approach is a bit odd. But perhaps I'm missing something.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQL#History

[2] https://db.cs.cmu.edu/papers/2024/whatgoesaround-sigmodrec20...

[3] https://engineering.fb.com/2016/08/31/core-infra/myrocks-a-s...

[4] https://vitess.io/docs/22.0/overview/history/

[5] https://slack.engineering/scaling-datastores-at-slack-with-v...
by jastuk | 2025-09-22 19:03:51+00:00
> In fact, governments often use the EU to park politicians who’ve lost their shine at home

For whatever it's worth, as an European, I will emphasize this as one of the most frustrating facts and the largest barrier to me having any serious form of respect for the EU. I have no doubt there's honest and good people there, but in my country it's well known that fuckups just get to "retire" and get out of the spotlight by shifting to EU positions. Not only does this devalue the EU, but also the original country itself, since politicians have less fear of career-ending consequences. It's a lose-lose situation for the collective.

I can only hope that experiences in my country do not reflect Europe as a whole.
by pkaye | 2025-09-22 19:04:01+00:00
> Why jail time for lawyers who use Chat-GPT, but not programmers? Are we that unimportant compared to the actual useful members of society, whose work actually has to be held to standards?

Programmers generally don't need a degree or license to work. Anyone can become a programmer after a few weeks of work. There are no exams to pass unlike doctors or lawyers.
by pron | 2025-09-22 19:04:09+00:00
I don't know what you're saying about Zig. I have no predictions about that language's success, I just think its design is very interesting.

Those examples of Rust use by industry giants are a red flag for its adoption, because they look nothing like adoption by those very same companies of languages that ended up popular. Obviously, non-zero usage is something, but the rate and extent of adoption for what is now a fairly old language is exceptionally low compared to languages that ended up making it.

Such an unusually low adoption rate means that it will take another two decades for Rust to pick up even 50% of the low-level space (assuming some positive second derivative). It could be less if the rate suddenly picks up, but it could also be never if other competition enters the game in all that time. Nobody needs to drop Rust for competitors to have a chance because only a small minority is picking up Rust in the first place. On paper, Rust seemed to have better chances than Go in its market segment, but it's doing worse.

Rust is now at the age Java was when JDK 6 came out, and it has maybe 1-2% of the market and 5-10% of the low-level segment. That is not where Rust's believers expected or hoped it would be at this age. Could it somehow succeed in a way that's different from all successful languages before it? That's certainly a possibility, but I don't see any indication for why anyone should bet on that unusual thing happening.
by simonw | 2025-09-22 19:04:25+00:00
I think you're in the wrong thread. This isn't about AI emitting "fully working products", this is about AI brute-force figuring out how to compile stuff with gnarly constraints, a task which very few software developers look forward to.

Plus, as other commenters have pointed out already, you can run this stuff entirely free from risk of an AI company spying on what you are doing. The models that run locally got really good in the past 12 months, and if they don't work on your own machine you can rent a capable cloud GPU machine for a few bucks an hour.
by vunderba | 2025-09-22 19:04:28+00:00
I used to love these books as a kid. I got really proficient at using multiple fingers to manage all my "Save States" while I was going through the adventure.

As an adult I spent a lot of time thinking about how I seem to have the same rough success ratio at making life decisions as I did when I was a child reading choose-your-own-adventure books.
by doublerabbit | 2025-09-22 19:04:41+00:00
Edge solely exists to keep the Windows OS bundled with their own browser.

My 70 year old mother doesn't want the faff of installing Firefox so Edge fits the bill. It provides for her, her needs. I've installed Firefox and it sits untouched.

Microsoft doesn't care if people use it or not. It's easier and cheaper for them to integrate as Chromium does than it is to upkeep Trident. It's not their business too.

My take to why they chose Chromium is that Firefox (Netscape) has always been seen as an independent rebel.

Microsoft is corporate as is Google. I'm sure some backhand deals too.
by wpm | 2025-09-22 19:04:43+00:00
There are plenty of times in Python and YAML I cannot visually figure out where some block ends.

JSON prevents this by explicitly closing lists and dicts. Though you do end up with Ladders to Heaven of `}`'s and `]`'s where you have no goddamn clue what is actually being closed out.

XML prevents this by explictly stating what element was just closed. Deeply nested XML, provided the elements don't have some 300 character set of attributes all jammed into the opening element, is vastly easier to read than YAML.
by karaterobot | 2025-09-22 19:04:45+00:00
I guess I disagree that it's a good thing.

As a developer, I think most documentation is terrible both for developers and non-developers alike. And if you write your documentation so that it is useful to non-developers, it's still useful for developers.

There's no downside to writing accessible documentation, except that it requires a modicum of skill and effort. That's the real reason it's so rare, I think.

I also disagree that developer documentation is like academic papers. The ways they fail are almost opposite: academic papers are overly long and overwritten, because the authors want to be very careful and complete. Developer documentation is too short and hastily written, because they often don't care if it's helpful to anybody else.

The end result may be the same: neither are useful except to a small number of experts: the people who could probably do it themselves already, and thus may not even really need the write up to begin with. But that's a failure, not a feature to be celebrated.
by Terr_ | 2025-09-22 19:05:04+00:00
> retain a trademark on the characters so that I can't go around making new Toy Story movies

Here's a quick thought experiment: Suppose I create a small movie company based on another character also in the public domain, and I successfully receive a trademark for my logo, which is... Jesus Christ.

Does/Should that give me control over anyone selling or distributing other books, movies, pictures, and songs depicting Jesus?

In a sane world, the answer is "heck no", because trademarks are really about stopping fraud, where someone else is trying to leech off my good reputation by confusing people into doing business with them instead.

Now, one might plausibly argue that Jesus is "generic" and thus the original trademark was wrongly granted, but the same principles apply even if I rebrand under just one of the less-popular characters or symbols. ("As the owner Pontius Pilate Productions, your story violates my trademark!")
by Fraterkes | 2025-09-22 19:05:05+00:00
Right, but both ADHD and Autism don't have clear neuromarkers, we diagnose people largely based on their symptoms (or the results of their symptoms). The stuff you describe (being bored by regular people, your place being a complete mess) can have "ordinary" reasons, but can also themselves be symptoms of neural disorders. If you have a bunch of symptoms that you've dealt with for years and that you also (succesfully!) take the same medication for that people with the disorder take, I think it can actually be difficult to clearly delineate what is causing it.

Also your example is kinda dumb! You don't have to have Alzheimers to be forgetful, it's actually quite common. But if you post "anyone else here keep forgetting things?" on r/Alzheimers obviously people on there are going to be like "yeah me too".
by dredmorbius | 2025-09-22 19:05:07+00:00
Agreed, and adding: Hyperloop wasn't original to Musk (other than name). RAND explored the concept in the 1970s, and there are further earlier concepts:

Look up Robert M. Salter at RAND:

"The Very High Speed Transit System" (August, 1972)

"Trans-Planetary Subway Systems -- A Burgeoning Capability" (February, 1978)

<http://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P4874.html> PDF: <http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2008/P4874....>

<http://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P6092.html> PDF: <http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2009/P6092....>

Similar / more: <http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/6107059>
by pessimizer | 2025-09-22 19:05:07+00:00
AI constantly fabricates references. I found a question recently (accidentally) which would make it fabricate every answer. Otherwise, it tends to only fabricate about a third of them, and somehow miss dozens of others that it should easily find.

After asking for recommendations, I always immediately ask it if any are hallucinations. It then tells me a bunch of them are, then goes "Would you like more information about how LLMs "hallucinate," and for us to come up with an architecture that could reduce or eliminate the problem?" No, fake dude, I just want real books instead of imaginary ones, not to hear about your problems.

detail: The question was to find a book that examined how the work of a short order cook is done in detail, or any book with a section covering this. I started the question by mentioning that I already had Fast Foods and Short Order Cooking(1984) by Popper et al. and that was the best I had found so far.

It gave me about a half dozen great hallucinations. You can try the question and see how it works for you. They're so dumb. Our economy is screwed.
by cogman10 | 2025-09-22 19:05:09+00:00
That wasn't the thrust of the article.

The article is saying that it's more important to write tests than it is to learn how to write data structures. It specifically says you should learn which data structures you should use, but don't focus on knowing how to implement all them.

It calls out, specifically, that you should know that `sort` exists but you really don't need to know how to implement quicksort vs selection sort.
by mixdup | 2025-09-22 19:05:16+00:00
Maybe I misinterpreted what this is supposed to show. Is this based on data from like 150 years ago or is it based on how things are today?

This is similar to something I saw on reddit over the weekend which was a similar map but based on local cuisine. I live in North Fulton County now, but I'm originally from central Alabama and the dividing line for the cuisine was between "soul food" and whatever other term they had come up for deep fried food

Basically it was white people southern food vs. black people southern food (which, at the end of the day is actually not that different)

curious if this Appalachia vs. "Deep South" thing is really just a racial divide in the data with "Deep South" being African American descendants of slaves across the Black Belt and Appalachia being the more white population
by osigurdson | 2025-09-22 19:05:30+00:00
I haven't tried Omarchy but based on DHH videos, while I like the idea, I'd say it is a little too opinionated - including random stuff that DHH likes / uses on a day-to-day basis and by his employees.

It also kind of begs the question, how deep in the "supply chain" should support go. Maybe if the Hyprland folks got a bit more sponsorship the setup would be easy. The same goes for Arch itself (though I do think some of the "squirrel catchers" are there on purpose).