MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by arminiusreturns | 2025-09-14 18:21:54+00:00
I recently did a deep dive on cli password management in an attempt to harden my bash scripts. (yes, I love bash, despite HN always loving to talk crap about it)

Pass is just a shell wrapper around gnupg, when you run pass some/secret/path, what actually happens is pass constructs and executes a gpg command (e.g., gpg --decrypt ~/.password-store/some/secret/path.gpg) and the output of gpg (the plaintext secret) is piped to pass's stdout.

Most people know this though. What I learned I didn't know before though was this:

Memory Zeroing: after it's used (e.g., copied to a pipe or stdout), GPG's internal memory management aims to zero out those memory regions used as soon as they are no longer needed

Memory Locking: GnuPG also uses mlock() (or equivalent OS-specific calls) to lock sensitive memory pages into RAM. This prevents the plaintext keys and decrypted data from being swapped out to disk, protecting against swap-file forensics or cold boot attacks.

I had been banging my head against bash trying to do those things manually, and ended up with the conclusion it was best to use pass/gpg with the following addendums (from my notes in my skeleton secure bash template):

1. Minimize secret lifetime: Use subshells, functions with local variables, and unset, disable bash history

2. Pipe secrets directly: Pass secrets via stdin or process substitution directly to the consuming program without intermediate variables if possible.

3. Rely on the tools: Use pass, gpg, or KMS CLIs that are themselves implemented in lower-level languages and can (and should) implement these memory protection techniques internally.

ps: keepassxc is the other favorite to use
by AlecSchueler | 2025-09-14 18:22:01+00:00
Yes, it's the idea that the colony exhibits behaviour with a level of intelligence impossible for any of the single bees. Things like choosing the location of the nest or managing the temperature of the nest, there's various decisions "made" by the colony as a kind of emergent property of the behaviour of the individual bees who themselves don't have the capacity to think at that level. The various aspects of colony behaviour have all been individually studied by quite a few people and groups, yes.
by paulpauper | 2025-09-14 18:22:10+00:00
I write about doing high-risk, impactful and neglected science. Particularly in physics, biophysics and biosecurity. Ex-Cambridge Maths. Ex-Goldman. Currently at hedge fund but no finance content here.

Judging by this person's bio, I am sure he is not actually slow, at least not as defined by IQ. You don't land those jobs and credentials by being slow. Getting a quant job for example requires being able to think fast on one's feet to answer interview questions.

I think it's more like his working memory speed is not up to his satisfaction or subjectively he feels slow, but relative to everyone else or general population, he is not actually slow, much in the same way a runway model may feel fat due to body dysmorphia, but is not actually fat.

My first real struggle with slow processing time was when I started to play competitive volleyball in high school.

the vast majority of people who try a sport will suck at it, and many are still bad even with practice, hence why so few become pro. it has nothing to do with mental slowness.

It's like when Einstein felt he was bad at physics or math. No, he was brilliant at it, but he thought he was not good enough to solve the problem he wanted to solve, which had also vexed everyone else too.
by TuxSH | 2025-09-14 18:23:19+00:00
> Many, many, classes of problems turn into O(log n) problems, once you sort your input in some way. It might not be the most effective way of solving the problem, but it's often a fairly good one.

As a corollary, you can use binary search+linear interpolation as a fast way to approximate a strictly monotonic function, knowing its reciprocal, over a limited sets of outputs (e.g. n -> floor(255 * n^(1/2.2) + 0.5) for n in 0..255). You also get to work on bit_cast<s32>(...) as an optimization when the targeted FPU doesn't have conditional move instructions.
by genrilz | 2025-09-14 18:23:24+00:00
There is plenty of research on social media outcomes. I've looked through some of it before by just searching semanticscholar.org, and the general consensus is that it has both positive and negative effects.

I don't want to have to do a literature review again, and sharing papers is hard because they are often paywalled unless you are associated with a university or are willing to pirate them.

Luckily, The American Psychological Association [0] has shared this nice health advisory [1] which goes into detail. The APA has stewarded psychology research and communicated it to the public in the US for a long time. They have a good track record.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psychological_Associa...

[1]: https://www.apa.org/topics/social-media-internet/health-advi...
by vexna | 2025-09-14 18:23:36+00:00
No real modulation or switching occurs. If you start a new chat, your “explicit” memories will pretty much be injected right into the system prompt (I almost think of it as compile time memory). The other memories can sort of thought of as “runtime” memory: your message will be queried against the embeddings of your chat memories and if a strong match is made, the model will use the embedding data it matches against.
by thinkcontext | 2025-09-14 18:23:48+00:00
Fossil fuels have a host of nasty externalities aside from climate change that are greatly lessened by cleaner sources of energy. For example, cutting down on the 10s of millions of lives that are shortened and made worse by fossil fuel pollution could be part of a better world.

In many places wind and solar are now cheaper than fossil fuels. This can particularly be seen in the past year countries like Pakistan, India, South Africa, etc greatly expanding their use of solar in particular.

Not sure what immigration has to do with energy policy.
by Forgeties79 | 2025-09-14 18:24:46+00:00
You’re right, that has been corrected. He did not say that.

Here’s something he did say, however, including a source:

> "Black women do not have brain processing power to be taken seriously. You have to go steal a white person's slot."

https://ca.news.yahoo.com/fact-check-charlie-kirk-once-17000...

Ignoring the ironic typo: is this dialogue? Is this “crossing political divides” for productive discussion? Or is it just bog standard racism/sexism? I’m curious what your thoughts are on that one, which was a pretty typical comment from him mind you.

Charlie Kirk was a cruel person to those he considered outside his tribe. I will not participate in the GOP’s cynical, opportunistic attempt to brand him as a martyr for free speech. It’s whitewashing nonsense.
by rvba | 2025-09-14 18:24:47+00:00
No one ever shows the math anywhere. They just write that it is hard, or that it doesnt work.

It became basically some sort of a pseudo religion.

On a side note Lard Hadron Collider is safe from micro black holes due to Hawking radiation. Issue is, that there does not seem to be any proof for Hawking radiation. It's just a model. Probably correct, but perhaps not. So the argument about LHC safety is flawed from the start and apparently anyone who points this out is "anti science".

Sadly as I wrote science in some parts is a bizarre parody of itself, more like some cult. You cannot point out logical flaws anymore.

Expecting mass downvotes for this post, with no rebuttal.

Because scientists are never wrong. What about (yes - what-aboutism) the reproductivity problem...
by somat | 2025-09-14 18:24:49+00:00
Being charged and or rotating changes the dynamics of where the event horizon is in interesting ways, If I understand it correctly it forms a sort of shell where you have two event horizons one inside the other. and the theory being that if enough energy(charge and/or rotational) is present the two event horizons will meet leaving your naked singularity. Nice and neat, the main problem being the absurd amount of energy required.

My personal area of fascination is the time dilation around a black hole. One of those things I assume them who actually study the things(astrophysicists) take into consideration but I almost never see in the popular press. If I understand it correctly, as you fly into a black hole, nice and neat right, will see the rest of the universe quickly age and die before you reach the event horizon. If Hawking radiation is a thing you may see the black hole evaporate in front of you before you can reach it.
by saulpw | 2025-09-14 18:25:00+00:00
There will be pressure to make it easier to discover plugins, install plugins, install plugin dependencies, manage plugin options, uninstall plugins, verify and validate plugins, etc. It's all well and good to punt these problems to 'someone else' but that usually means either no one, someone who does a one-shot that becomes immediately out-of-date, or someone nefarious.

The project mono-repo is the way to go. Long-term maintenance is the primary software challenge, and distributed maintenance is strictly more difficult. If the project truly has hundreds of motivated contributors, then forks or plugins might be worthwhile, but most projects struggle to keep more than one motivated contributor.
by opo | 2025-09-14 18:25:22+00:00
>Over production of renewables in the north and over consumption in the south.

Well I guess it is impossible to upgrade the grid in any kind of reasonable timeframe in Germany. There are still other options that could be done to hasten the end of burning coal - I pointed out a few, there are likely others.

>Then it comes down to the cost question. You can maintain a piece of infrastructure forever but at some point the costs does not justify the gain. Better spend the money on renewables and storage instead.

Yes it is a question. Unfortunately you have given no evidence of the actual costs.

>...You do know that France is on a downward trend of nuclear power as well?

In 2014 France set a goal to reduce nuclear's share of electricity generation to 50% by 2025. This target was delayed in 2019 to 2035, before being abandoned in 2023. (I am sure France is also trying to increase renewables and storage.)

>An example of such stupidity is Diablo Canyon in California requiring a $12B subsidy on top of regular income for selling electricity to run 5 extra years from 2025 to 2030.

This comment shows you don't really grasp the issue of power in CA. The 12 billion dollar estimate included costs unrelated to Diablo Canyon according to PG&E. Their estimate is closer to 8B, of which the majority will be covered by selling the electricity. They have a 1.1 billion dollar grant to help with some of the rest, though unclear how much the state will have to subsidize things in the end. The issue is that Diablo Canyon provides about 1/4 of the clean power in CA and can provide it when renewables can't - like every other place, CA currently has a tiny amount of grid storage. Without Diablo Canyon, CA will likely have to buy power from coal plants in other states. So CA is willing to pay extra to avoid having to burn coal. That is different than Germany that decided it would rather burn coal than use nuclear.

We will see when Germany actually stops during fossil fuels. Unfortunately, there certainly do seem to be some advocates of solar/wind who would prefer to go decades (or maybe much longer) burning coal and killing people and destroying the environment when their country had the option to use a clean energy source.
by mindslight | 2025-09-14 18:25:44+00:00
What are the current ideals of so-called conservatives? Being a libertarian who can entertain both left and right approaches to problems, I thought I had a decent handle on where they were coming from. But then they seemingly went bat-shit insane during Covid. I try to appeal to what I thought were some of the underlying values (eg belief in institutions, America as a force for good in the world, individual liberty, slow and measured change), and always get written off like I just don't understand or something. But never any explanation for what I'm actually missing. The best I've been able to come up with is that they've set aside actually living those values in favor of thinking that we need some massive societal cataclysm to get back to a place where those values have more of a draw, but that's clearly not itself conservative.
by hopelite | 2025-09-14 18:26:33+00:00
What did you not understand about “per capita is irrelevant”. You make my very point and don’t even realize it though. It is an incomplete measure and a bell curve distribution relative to productivity, especially when talking about one civilization that produced all the advances and one that not only uses all those advances, but has not contributed any advances.

If you want to use per capita, you need to look at the qualities, make a qualitative determination; per capita net value, per capita quality score, etc.

Or maybe you would suggest that Europeans should start having 20+ children per woman and that will then magically improve things because their per capita measure by moronic means will improve immensely?

So get to it, Europe, have 20, 30, 40+ children per woman, because low intelligence people will then celebrate how wonderful you’ve improved your nonsense, meaningless pollution numbers.
by spolitry | 2025-09-14 18:26:49+00:00
I think the Near Beer Game models your logically reduced version of the game, ignoring the original game’s irrelevant information and non-positive-value options for the intermediate players.

In this version, the manufacturer sees all the inventories, and all the middle layers pass all stock to the next layer. (The game also has a trivial demand function, so the only challenge is to detect or predict the single step change in demand rate, and then calculate 3 weeks ahead to smooth out the supply chain.)

https://forio.com/app/showcase/near-beer-game/

The game was played for 35 years before you demonstrated that it was a broken over-complication of a trivial game?

Or did you break the game by coordinating with your teammates on strategy (or, equivalently, all players computing the perfect Hofstadteran superrational strategy https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superrationality ), when the game was meant to simulate the general human tendency for hyperlocal optimization, and the problem of dealing with chaotic incompetent peers?
by motorest | 2025-09-14 18:27:57+00:00
> I think D failed to gain widespread traction for other reasons though:

D's selling only proposition was providing C++11 features in a point in time between C++98 and C++11 when the C++ committee struggled to get a new standard out of the door.

Once C++11 was out, D's sales pitch was moot, and whatever wind it had in it's sail was lost and never recovered again.

It's interesting to note that Rust, in spite of all odds and also it's community, managed to put together a far more compelling sales pitch than D.
by emilsedgh | 2025-09-14 18:28:10+00:00
As a Jew I cannot be more ashamed.

The sad part is that these "Israel Supporters" don't realize they've destroyed Israel in the process.

For 2 reasons:

1. Most young Americans, in both parties, are sickened by this. Next generations of Americans are not gonna support Israel anymore and the US support for Israel is the only security Israel has. In 20 years Israel will be left alone between all the countries that they once had a chance to make peace with, but decided to wage war against.

2. Israel is gonna deteriorate and become another authoritarian regime like the rest of of the Middle East. The ultra orthodox population grows and it's simply not gonna be a democratic state anymore.

So yes, go ahead, commit a genocide/ethnic cleansing (whatever you name it) in the name of a country that you destroyed in the process.

I wish I wasn't their excuse for all this.
by yellowapple | 2025-09-14 18:28:17+00:00
I'd agree with that in the context of an individual or a small local group or something.

For a well-established organization like Greenpeace, it becomes increasingly difficult to believe it's a matter of them collectively having an emotional reaction. They have the resources to look at the evidence, and have indeed almost surely done so; when it comes to explaining their refusal to accept that evidence, ”their jobs depend on rejecting it” is a much simpler explanation IMO than “they are experiencing a collectively-identical ideological quirk that their organizational bureaucracy somehow has yet to iron out”.
by bell-cot | 2025-09-14 18:28:41+00:00
> Democrats need to persuade nonvoters with a clear and credible message about how the party plans to improve the economic lives of working people. Nonvoting Democrats in 2024 were disproportionately low-income, less educated, and more likely to report financial anxiety.

Looking at the increases in housing, food, medical, and education costs from 2021 to 2024 - I'd say that the Democrats already sent a very clear and credible message to those people: "We don't much care about your sort." And on Election Day, those people's reply to Joe & Co. was: "Likewise".
Show HN: Datadef.io – Canvas for data lineage and metadata management
by theolouvart | 2025-09-14 18:29:24+00:00
Hi HN, I’ve been working on https://datadef.io, a tool to help data team (engineer, architect, project manager) make sense of their data universe.

The problem:

- Data models (dbt, SQL, warehouses) often grow into a tangled mess of tables, joins, and undocumented assumptions. - Lineage is either scattered across tools or missing entirely. - Documentation is usually an afterthought (and gets outdated fast).

Datadef.io aims to fix that by providing:

- Interactive canvas to map tables, relationships, and indicators. - Automatic lineage visualization to trace dependencies. - Metadata management: define table/column-level details, ownership, and KPIs. - AI-generated documentation that stays in sync with your models. - Export/share features so asset managers, analysts, and other teams don’t get lost in spreadsheets or PDFs.

It’s still early, and I’d love feedback from the HN community. In particular:

What’s missing for you in lineage/metadata/documentation tools?

How would you want to integrate a tool like this into your workflow (dbt, Databricks, Power BI, etc.)?

I’d really appreciate your thoughts, feature requests, and criticism.

Thanks!
by scuff3d | 2025-09-14 18:30:27+00:00
Gleam is cool. I absolutely love that it's statically typed (dynamic typing is one of the things that pushes me away from Elixir), and the core of the language is very well designed. I just hate how small it is. I shouldn't need to bring in an external dependency for friggin file i/o.

And I know the common argument is that's it due to the fact you can target either the BEAM or a web browser, but those arguments don't fly. The default target is the BEAM, the standard library can support that and use external packages for the browser.
by 1vuio0pswjnm7 | 2025-09-14 18:30:32+00:00
And when Google co-founder Sergey Brin and his then-girlfriend Anne Wojcicki, the co-founder of genealogy database 23andMe, were in the Caribbean for New Year's Eve in 2006, Maxwell encouraged Epstein to play host.

"be v nice to her not stupid - she is interested in mapping DNA etc ..she is key :)" Maxwell wrote on Dec. 29, 2006. In an email to an assistant a few days later, Epstein wrote that he was on the island with Brin. Representatives for Brin and Wojcicki did not respond to requests for comment.
by iraklilek | 2025-09-14 18:32:07+00:00
Location: Georgia, EU

Remote: Remote only

Willing to relocate: No

Technologies: Typescript/Javascript, Ruby on Rails, Node, React, React Native, AI/ML integrations

Résumé/CV: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1pHh4qiGBH8w6pxKRXIfsUc0-Lvr...

Email: l3kishvili@gmail.com

----------

Senior Full-Stack Engineer with 13+ years experience, primarily in successful startups. Thrive on technical challenges and taking ownership to drive projects from concept to production.

Seeking a team where deep commitment and ownership are valued.
by AnthonyMouse | 2025-09-14 18:32:34+00:00
> I definitely value lower power usage when idle. My desktop PC uses ~150W when idle.

These two statements appear to be in conflict. 150W is a high idle power consumption for a modern PC. Unless you have something like an internal RAID or have reached for the bottom of the barrel when choosing a power supply, 40W is on the high side for idle power consumption and many exist that will actually do ~10W.
by keeda | 2025-09-14 18:32:37+00:00
I never used SmallTalk but from what I heard about it, I feel like Java/C# etc were a deliberate push towards that kind of environment via IDEs. I am not sure why SmallTalk didn't catch on, but it may have something to do with resistance from the C++ programmers that Guy Steele mentioned they had to drag towards Lisp via Java. It seems to me that the current crop of languages is the result of this forced evolution of a reluctant developer market from relatively barebones languages like C/C++ towards a SmallTalk-like future.
by t43562 | 2025-09-14 18:32:41+00:00
It was a bit glib but what I notice is that small things cheer me up. Good interactions with other people in quite trivial matters send me on a good trajectory.

I also notice that whatever negativity I output to someone, it tends to come back to me multiplied by 1.5. So e.g. with my wife, I find myself in some argument but I can trace it back to some smaller negative thing I said earlier. ie. we get into arguments and the arguments spiral. So IMO it is important to remember to be just slightly more upbeat and neutralise things at the point where they are small if possible.

This doesn't work with people who see you as a threat in some way. They are not appeased, but not everyone is like that and you can at least try to make life reasonable for some being - even if it's just your dog.
by yndoendo | 2025-09-14 18:33:56+00:00
Please note, you are assuming I have the ability to control the version of Windows the product lives on. Some products still have to support up to Windows XP.

Also the PowerShell is actually broken. I can use standard network powershell commands that brake the OS applied to network interfaces. Currently waiting on a laptop with bare metal Windows installation to verify if those sanitized PowerShell commands are crashing the VM or Windows itself.

.NET for the longest time was broken with _NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces()_ only returning enabled NICs. This was finally fixed in .NET 9. Work around his to go WIN32 custom coding when older .NET must be used.

.NET WPF touch screen event messaging system is also broken where it would latch depending on how the finger is swiped off a button. Had to dump that and go with WIN32 as work around so that bug didn't have the capability to crush someone's appendage when being used in machinery.

The registry system the OS is built upon is flawed. It does not have well defined layout such as a configuration file.
by bee_rider | 2025-09-14 18:34:11+00:00
No, I think it would be most fair to split the remaining carbon budget (to the extent that there even is one) evenly, or maybe try and account for the fact that regions that have been industrialized for a long time have already used up a lot of the cap.

However, I think the fair plan is impractical and would meet a lot of resistance from major economies. So, out of pragmatism I prefer a carbon credit system.