MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by airstrike | 2025-09-21 17:04:36+00:00
I know this is just for humor, but fruits are vegetables too. From Wikipedia:

> Vegetables are edible parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. This original meaning is still commonly used, and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including flowers, fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and seeds. An alternative definition is applied somewhat arbitrarily, often by culinary and cultural tradition; it may include savoury fruits such as tomatoes and courgettes, flowers such as broccoli, and seeds such as pulses, but exclude foods derived from some plants that are fruits, flowers, nuts, and cereal grains.
by morkalork | 2025-09-21 17:04:52+00:00
>How'd you get so good at debugging and navigating code you've never seen before?

>Because I spent a couple internships and a whole year as a junior debugging, triaging and patching every single issue reported by other developers and the QA team

Was I jealous that the full time and senior devs got to do all the feature work and architecture design? Yes. Am I a better developer having done that grind? Also yes.
by leakycap | 2025-09-21 17:05:04+00:00
This isn't about bots or mental blocks. It's about you needing everyone who disagrees with you to be defective somehow—artificial, mentally blocked, aesthetically driven, anything but right.

Your fortune cookie sign-off does no justice to the work you claim to be referencing. I guess if you spend your days working with agreeable LLMs, it is very inconvenient and upsetting when a person comes along who doesn't agree and polish up every concept you espouse.
by nabla9 | 2025-09-21 17:06:22+00:00
Ted Nelson had really good ideas, but he stood in his own way.

He wanted to build a closed-source system that he owned and controlled. He was a bad project leader and got nowhere. His patents prevented others from using zigzag structures. Decades later, when some people wanted to build an open-source GZigZag, he first said it was okay to use the name, then turned sour on it and prevented them from using it.

If someone wants to do it again, they shouldn't involve Ted Nelson in any way our use anything he has control over, whether a trademark or a patent.

The Curse of Xanadu https://www.wired.com/1995/06/xanadu/
by ants_everywhere | 2025-09-21 17:06:34+00:00
I think about least 3/4 of the anti-democracy rhetoric I've seen here has been from people opposed to this administration.

So I wouldn't conflate opposition to democracy/embracing authoritarianism with one particular man if that is what you mean by "let the wise man govern."

It's broader than that and more worrying because there are multiple authoritarian factions who agree mainly on democracy being the enemy.

In that sense it's a similar sort of set up heading into WWII
by tstrimple | 2025-09-21 17:07:04+00:00
What am I missing about this? Couldn't the scammer just replicate the QR code of a legit shop? I thought the point of counterfeit goods was to fool you into buying them instead of the real thing. I guess part of the process would have to be verifying that every shipment of goods received was accurately tracked from a valid "ship from" address, but I have to imagine there's a lot of common warehousing in use for bulk goods. I'm not understanding how the QR code helps solve that.

Maybe a unique bar code per-item that includes some private hash information that makes it unique to the producer? Sort of an electronic signature for physical goods? Then if there's a centralized database, copying the QR codes wouldn't do much good. You might be able to slip in one if it is sold before the real version. But each subsequent copy could be caught.
by vjerancrnjak | 2025-09-21 17:07:05+00:00
I felt similar with lenses. The problem lens solve is horrible. You don’t even want that problem.

FP can be the pragmatic as well. You’re going to glue up monad transformers, use lenses like there’s no runtime cost, and compute whatever you need in days but at least you know it works. Maybe there’s accidentally quadratic behavior in lifting or lenses but that’s by design. The goal is to just throw software at things as fast as possible as correctly as possible.
by notherhack | 2025-09-21 17:07:08+00:00
For anyone else who's wondering what PSP is, from the Google spec[1]:

The PSP Security Protocol (PSP) is a security protocol created by Google for encryption in transit. PSP uses several of the concepts from IPsec ESP to provide an encryption encapsulation layer on-top of IP that is streamlined and custom-built to address the requirements of large-scale data centers.

So "PSP" really is a recursive acronym for "PSP Security Protocol". eyeroll

[1] https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/psp/main/doc/PSP_Ar...
by jcastro | 2025-09-21 17:07:36+00:00
ostree is the library that rpm-ostree and bootc share. However bootc is moving over to composefs as a backend. This effectively makes it distro agnostic and there are communities forming: https://github.com/bootcrew

Fedora still uses rpm-ostree, when you do an update it's pulling from an ostree remote served from a server. bootc replaces that with just an OCI registry. We ship the `rpm-ostree` binary on the systems still. It's still used for things like adding kernel boot arguments.

Here's their diagram: https://bootc-dev.github.io/bootc/filesystem-storage.html

Generally speaking new users can skip the rpm-ostree parts and just start with bootc. I am not an expert in this, there's a rust library in there somewhere. Hopefully someone can help fill in the blanks.
by lotsoweiners | 2025-09-21 17:08:01+00:00
I live in a very suburban neighborhood in Arizona and we have 2 neighborhood parks within a 2-3 minute walk. There are 2-3 more parks in the 5-10 minute range. There is a 10 minute walk to 3 grocery stores, a bar, many fast food restaurants, tons of medical offices, etc. All of my friends and family who live in different suburbs have similar amounts of services with a short walk as well.
by andrewgleave | 2025-09-21 17:08:05+00:00
Yes. Juniors have a lack of knowledge about how to build coherent mental models of problems whose solution will ultimately be implemented in code, whereas seasoned engineers do.

Seniors can make this explicit to models and use them to automate "the code they would have written," whereas a junior doesn’t know what they would have written nor how they would have solved it absent a LLM.

Same applies to all fields: LLMs can be either huge leverage on top of existing knowledge or a crutch for a lack of understanding.
by Peritract | 2025-09-21 17:08:12+00:00
> I had some of the highest grades in my class, but this came at the expense of learning very little about my actual courses. Getting good grades exclusively depended on your rote memorization skills the night before an exam. Not only do I remember nothing from what I studied, I detested every minute of every subject I took there. Passing subjects was significantly more important than understanding them.

I don't think I'm misunderstanding anything; you've been very clear. This is not a description of someone who was let down, but of someone who never had any interest in learning.
by rm445 | 2025-09-21 17:08:20+00:00
I am a Durham graduate, still somewhat involved with the university via some voluntary roles, and a bit of a 'booster' in the sense that I'll sing its praises to anyone. I also have a postgrad degree from Cambridge and did a little teaching while there. So, I'm quite familiar, and while I'm happy to see Durham get some love, this is bunk.

There is a gulf in undergraduate teaching between Oxbridge and the pack. The supervision system guarantees all Oxbridge students weekly, small-group tutorials, organised and paid for by the colleges, which retain much more academic involvement than other collegiate universities like Durham and York (whose colleges are mainly residences with pastoral care and sports teams). If you go to Oxbridge as an undergrad, you'll be pushed hard and closely supported.

The second gulf is of course the selection effect of every bright child in the UK having Oxford or Cambridge as their first university pick. No-one from an older generation would advise any teenager to do otherwise. (Incidentally, I'm acutely aware that Durham first, then Cambridge is lower social status than vice versa. Because I didn't get in at 17). Everyone knows about this, and we could debate how reputations change, but I suspect my point above about the supervisions system for undergraduate teaching is less well-known.

I could also mention the gulf in wealth between universities (which pays for those supervisions, book grants etc), in age (Oxbridge actively lobbied against new universities in England for hundreds of years), which has a consequence for historic buildings, famous names and prizes, and so on. It all creates an almost unbreakable flywheel of reputational lead for Oxbridge that would take generations to overturn.
by epistasis | 2025-09-21 17:08:46+00:00
It's especially important to realize this when it's TikTok where most of that is happening, and where TikTok is the propaganda arm of China, a country that the US currently considers a frenemy at best, if not an outright enemy, and that considers the US in somewhat similar terms.

And when the algorithms on the rest of the media sites are used to drive maximum engagement for profit purposes, or maximum dissent because of the political leanings of their owner (e.g. X), social media is most definitely not the reality.
by yndoendo | 2025-09-21 17:08:48+00:00
>You must sell a house to make a profit.

Renting and leasing economics prove your statement to be a fallacy. Airbnb wealth is built on not selling houses. Retaining bought houses increases the value because it increases the rarity. By restricting home ownership the rental properties monthly prices can be increased to reflect a manufactured market.

De Beers is a great example of how hoarding wealth grows wealth. [0] They hoard diamonds to create an artificial rarity market. This gives the ability to increase prices. Say you have a type of diamond category with 10% natural occurrence. You hoard 90% and only release 0.5% or less of that category. You just increase the rarity artificially and drove that category in price like a rocket. Even if your competition will increase prices to match or be just a few dollars below. Competition has to because they do not have access to the diamonds hoarded by De Beers.

How would you take that 90% of the hoarded 90% category diamond and make it profitable instead of just sitting on the selves? How about grinding some of the them up and selling them for diamond edge saws and bits?

My definition of _Wealthy_ encompasses individuals (you, me, human HN users) and groups of individuals (trust, companies, Apple, Meta, HN, ...).

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Beers
by eddlgtm | 2025-09-21 17:08:53+00:00
Monads are just monoids in the category of endofunctors.

/s

Monads are, in my head, just a wrapper around a type. Or a box another type is inside. For example we can have an Int and we can put the Int in a box like Maybe<Int>.

Imagine Python code that gets a value from a function that is an Int or None, then another function that takes an Int and returns an Int or None, then another function that takes an Int and returns an Int or None. How hellish is that to handle? If not None, if not none, if not none, ad nauseam...

In Haskell I could use a Traverse function that takes a monad and passes the Int value to the next function or handles the None error, avoiding all the boilerplate.

Other Monads are like the State monad - a box that contains some variables I want to maintain over functions.

Or an IO monad to handle network calls / file calls.

It's probably not a perfect analogy, but I work with functional languages and it tends to hold up for my beginner/intermediate level.
by Hizonner | 2025-09-21 17:09:01+00:00
Because now, for the rest of eternity, every single person who writes any code that moves data from this table to somewhere else, for any purpose, has to remember that the primary key gives away the creation time of something, which can potentially be linked to something else. A lot of people won't notice that, and a lot of people who do notice it will get the remediation wrong. And you can now forget using a simple view on the database to give any information to any person or program that shouldn't get the creation times.

You've embrittled your system.
by grayhatter | 2025-09-21 17:09:04+00:00
> Not from them protecting themselves from the threats from the public.

I think you unintentionally found a nugget of truth here. The police aren't hiding their identity from criminals, they're hiding their identity from the public. The whole public, non criminals included, have decided their behavior is unacceptable, and want them to be known and held to account for their actions.

I don't want police that feel they need to hide from the public they're sworn to protect. That feels like it's an unacceptable moral hazard to me.
by alecsm | 2025-09-21 17:09:41+00:00
Right now if you want to use internet on weekends you need to pay a VPN.

Even some online games on Steam stop working. I've seen also a several Twitch streamers who can't stream, startups down, etc.

We're basically hostages of this stupidity. And you know the funny thing? Football streams are working just fine. Now I feel morally obligated to watch pirated football and never pay them for it.
by sixothree | 2025-09-21 17:09:48+00:00
If they had instead decided to make a numeric identifier visible then this would be a very different conversation. This would have met your requirement while still holding these people accountable for their actions.

But that's not what they did. They want complete anonymity so they can break the law in heinous ways.

If they were identifiable in some other way then your argument might hold water. But it doesn't. Masks are not to protect their identity.
by PullJosh | 2025-09-21 17:09:55+00:00
I’ve been working on promoting my seating chart app for teachers, Shuffle Buddy, on social media. I had a 1M view pop on TikTok when I first launched and have now been clawing along to try for continued engagement.

It’s reassuring to know that social media posts are hard for everyone and that it isn’t supposed to be easy. I keep looking for ways to create content that is genuinely beneficial to teachers and also convinces them to try my app, but it’s hard.
by franciseni722 | 2025-09-21 17:11:02+00:00
IFS Bottleneck means; NVIDIA buys time, Intel loses it and Blackwell ultra slips. RISC-V (Tenstorrent) + AMD ROCm keep the pipeline moving while NVIDIA polishes it's hammer. Lesson; Adage (Old Norse inspired)

“Hamarr klofnaði, er vé fann eigi leið; Spjót fló, en skjár var eigi bundinn.”

Translation back to English

“The hammer split, when craft found not its path; The spear flew forth, yet screen was never bound.”

This mirrors the original iambic pentameter adage, but cast in skaldic-styled compactness, tying the hammer (Mjölnir) to the broken driver/kernel path, and the spear (Gungnir) to the unpatched Wayland/X11 display stack. Something like Snorri Sturlosson might've slipped into the prose Edda? except it's about GPUs and Linux drivers.
by GuB-42 | 2025-09-21 17:11:49+00:00
It would be interesting to layer it with an elevation map.

We can almost make out the contours of the mountain ranges. For example if you look at France, there is like a big hole in the middle of the southern half of the country, that all train lines seem to avoid. That's the Massif Central mountain range, the largest of the country and a sparsely populated area. Same idea with the Apennines in Italy.

Compare to relatively flat countries like Germany and Poland where it is much more uniform.

You could use a population density map too, but if a low population area is flat, express trains tend to go straight through them instead of avoiding them, which give some spotty coverage rather than none at all as it is the case in mountainous areas.
by UncleMeat | 2025-09-21 17:11:59+00:00
Yes, even ones that are expressly critical of the policies.

In Covid's Wake is a rather famous recent example. The authors are both professors at a prestigious university. They were interviewed by all sorts of outlets, including left leaning outlets. The idea that doing a cost-benefit analysis of various covid policies would get academics expelled from the academy is just not based in fact.
by AlecSchueler | 2025-09-21 17:12:07+00:00
Hamas isn't Palestine. Hamas is a response to the lack of recognition. Treat the people like humans and the support for violence rapidly decreases.

You see this everywhere again and again. The stated purpose of the IRA was to end British rule in Ireland and bring about a unified Irish Republic. How was it possible for that conflict to end without reunification, why did the support for the violence dissipate? Giving people equal status and the means to better their material position. But as long as the British would have kept the army on the ground shooting protestors? They wouldn't even sit at the table.
by Spastche | 2025-09-21 17:12:41+00:00
>I find it quite baffling you'd want to drop In halfway through a 3 hour movie, you'd miss out on so much!

if it's good I'll rewatch it, if it's something I've already seen then I'm not missing anything at all. There's so many movies I've turned off when the beginning is boring, it's a decent way to watch new movies and it's how movies on TV used to work.

I'm trying to watch Robert Altman's filmography slowly, and there's so many slow 3 hour movies that watching them in small pieces until they click and actually make me interested in the entire thing helps. if it's all action or something maybe it seems pointless, but some films are a very slow burn, and this helps.

also it's not just movies, but TV too. I would use the shuffle button on comedy shows I've seen a million times before, now tv style drop in works just as well as that when I just want a laugh but don't really care what episode of something I'm watching. now I don't even have to pick a series, I can just pick a channel labelled comedy.

did you grow up with cable tv? maybe it's generational or regional thing
by pessimizer | 2025-09-21 17:13:53+00:00
To be fair, that's the traditional mechanization story, and the story of the end of the guild system. Machines and time studies replaced the (transferable) knowledge of masters to no-skill hires who could be trained to do specific movements that gave them no transferable experience and no leverage against the employer. The outputs were worse, but they were a lot cheaper and the margins a lot higher (and squeezed out through better machines and time studies, not better employees.)

AI does not look like it will work like that, because the outputs to programming usually need to be precise. Instead, it looks like it may just be a revolutionary tool that it takes a long time to master, and gives the learner a skill that is entirely transferable to a new job.

Could programmers use it to create a new guild system?
by RandomBacon | 2025-09-21 17:14:03+00:00
There's a bug. I don't know how to replicate it, but a week ago the keyboard popped up while I was in (slow) motion (I was trying to select a previous saved destination) and I tapped on a random key to see if it worked, and it did. This was the only time in 5 years of me using Android Auto that it happened.
by ciupicri | 2025-09-21 17:14:38+00:00
For what it's worth, these are the lifetime estimates for the Micron 7450 SSD [1]:

Model Capacity 4K Rand 128K Seq [GB] [TBW] [TBW] PRO 3840 7_300 24_400 PRO 7680 14_000 48_800 MAX 3200 17_500 30_900 MAX 6400 35_000 61_800

> Values represent the theoretical maximum endurance for the given transfer size and type. Actual lifetime will vary by workload …

> Total bytes written calculated assuming drive is 100% full (user capacity) with workload of 100% random aligned 4KB writes.

[1]: page 6/17, https://assets.micron.com/adobe/assets/urn:aaid:aem:d133a40b...
by dan-robertson | 2025-09-21 17:15:34+00:00
“Mmm, heck of a school. Weren’t you at Brown Otto?”

I think you’re confusing a statement about ranking in a small set (Ivy League schools) for a statement about a bigger set. This isn’t uncommon – iirc there was some big furore a few months ago about admissions to US schools where much of the disagreement seemed to be downstream of different people thinking about different numbers of top or acceptable universities (and then sometimes having a big difference between the intuitive percentages of possible university options and the actual percentages they made up)

I think it’s still the case that people who describe themselves as having gone to an Ivy League school mean a school like Brown. If you went to Harvard then either say it directly or mumble something about a school in Boston – why say something that sounds similarly fancy to the truth but that could also be interpreted as something less elite? Saying you went to school in Boston is much lower in fanciness than Harvard or Ivy League except that most people know what it is code for.
by dietr1ch | 2025-09-21 17:15:39+00:00
The actual concern is privacy.

Privacy wise,

- Knowing sequential IDs leaks the rate of creation and amount of said entity which can translate in number of customers or rate of sales.

- Knowing timed IDs leaks activity patterns. This gets worse as you cross reference data.

- Random IDs reveal nothing.

---

Security wise,

- Sequential IDs can be guessed.

Performance wise,

- Sequential IDs may result in self-inflicted hotspots.

- Spanner doesn't like writing rows first keyed with timestamps, https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/schema-design#primary-key-prevent-hotspots.

- Random IDs lends themselves to sharding, but make indexing, column-compression, and maintaining order after inserts hard.
by HarHarVeryFunny | 2025-09-21 17:15:39+00:00
Legacy code isn't necessarily bad - it may just be complex, or poorly documented, having accumulated a lot of production fixes over the years that were never properly documented (if if the original project was - typically not).

Your legacy code products may be happily running without problems, due to all those production issues (incl. new requirements) that were identified and fixed over the years, with the problem only coming when there is a need to change it, especially when there is no-one left familiar with the codebase, maybe not even with the language/tools used to build it.
by btown | 2025-09-21 17:15:41+00:00
One of the big things here is de-anonymization and account correlation. Say you have an application where users'/products' affiliation with certain B2B accounts is considered sensitive; perhaps they need to interact with each other anonymously for bid fairness, perhaps people might be scraping for "how many users does account X have onboarded" as metadata for a financial edge.

If users/products are onboarded in bulk/during B2B account signup, then, leaking the creation times of each of them with any search that returns their UUIDs, becomes metadata that can be used to correlate users with each other, if imperfectly.

Often, the benefits of a UUID with natural ordering outweigh this. But it's something to weigh before deciding to switch to UUIDv7.
by zyx321 | 2025-09-21 17:15:47+00:00
In other words, Apple complies with paragraph 18 of EU-Directive 2024/1799: "manufacturers are to provide access to spare parts, repair and maintenance information or any repair related software tools, firmware or similar auxiliary means."

This directive applies EU-wide for all devices sold after 31st of July 2026. Some countries have earlier deadlines, e.g. devices sold in Germany after 20th of June 2025.

I'm glad that they didn't try to delay it for the better part of a decade like they did with USB charging ports.