MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by fragmede | 2025-09-30 07:21:16+00:00
Everything getting more expensive is inflation. That's going to happen no matter which transportation device exists. The target is 2%. We're not there. It's fair to point out that wages haven't kept up with inflation though, especially minimum wage.

Inflation is nothing new, and car culture survived the 1970 oil crisis. Viable EVs exist these days, so if there was a problem with the oil supply, we'd fare better than we did in the 70's.

Families being stretched thin are going to drive less if they can't afford gasoline/electricity for their car. There aren't dense cities for families being stretched thin to move to. Cities are also expensive, and worse, most cities in America aren't dense enough to properly be called cities! Changing cultural attitudes, along with Uber/Lyft, E-bikes/other personal electric vehicles may help the US lean away from its car culture, but there just isn't the density for it in most of America.

Cars are convenient as all hell, to the point that ~92% of American households have a car.

Poor people have been driving without insurance and without a license since there's been insurance and licensing. It's unfortunate, but the destitute have to make very difficult decisions as to which necessity not to deal with. If the AI-job-pocalypse comes to pass, then there will be more people discovering that they can live without electricity and other essentials.

The upper middle class family can afford, and will continue to afford to be able to buy upper middle class family cars and everyone else will buy their used cars when they're done with them. Some people will buy new Kias and Hyundais. Cars are really reliable these days. You can still buy a money pit of a car, but an ugly used Honda Civic or similar can still be had for $3,000 and will last approximately forever for the cost of gasoline, oil changes, and tires.

Stupid people buy cars they can't afford. That happens at all income levels, but is particularly harmful to poor people.
by yourusername | 2025-09-30 07:22:00+00:00
I think it's the plug-in part that is limiting the power. Most of these sets you just plug in to a existing outlet, not wired into the electricity panel. Feeding in 800 watt directly into the circuit allows you to draw more than the rated 16A 230 volt from that circuit without tripping the breaker. The ~20A you can manage this way is probably within safety margins of most installations.
by Theodores | 2025-09-30 07:23:22+00:00
Allegedly more people are coding than ever, with thanks to kids having coding on the curriculum.

The problem with all engineering is that stuff gets built, and, once it is built, you don't need all the engineers that built it anymore. Things then get into the 'cottage industry phase'. Ecommerce is fascinating in this regard. Being able to sell stuff online was a goldmine at the start, with every business needing to get online to sell their products and services. However, platforms such as Shopify, Etsy and Amazon came along and companies ditched their expensive programmers to use the new SaaS platforms for ecommerce.

Video games and anything 3D entered the 'cottage industry phase' a long time ago and the same with social media things, the infrastructure is built and those in the game just play musical chairs going from one gig to another, with relatively few openings for new people.

Outsourcing due to globalisation comes into it, why pay for programmers in a Western city when you can move the operation to Eastern Europe or India? Undoubtedly this is a factor, however, there comes a time when everything is consolidated and just built.

Compare with the build out of networks in the Nortel days. If you knew how to do things with fibre optic splitters and big boxes with lots of lights on them then everything was golden, whilst the boom lasted. But then everything was built and it entered 'cottage industry phase'.
by rickdeckard | 2025-09-30 07:23:24+00:00
Makes you wonder on the outcome, as the current direction is to build humanoid robots communicating via LLM.

So the robot might be equally convincing that it is capable to clean your windows as it is capable to repair your car brakes.

You saw it clean your windows and are satisfied, and both its form and words are promising that it can repair your brakes equally well...
by AnthonyMouse | 2025-09-30 07:23:31+00:00
I still don't really get how compensation is supposed to work just based on the math. Models are trained on billions of works and have a lifetime of around a year; AI companies (e.g. Anthropic) have revenue in the low billions of dollars a year.

Even if you took all of that -- leave nothing for salaries, hardware, utilities, to say nothing of profit -- and applied it to the works in the training data, it would be approximately $1 each.

What is that good for? It would have a massive administrative cost and the authors would still get effectively nothing.
by justin_ | 2025-09-30 07:23:44+00:00
The program in the boot sector is run similar to other software: the code is loaded into memory, and then the processor is jumped to the first instruction. This loading and jumping is done by the firmware, which is included in your hardware, separate from your disks.

Let's back up to the start. When you switch on a computer, the power rails on a bunch of the chips come up. As this happens, the chips enter a "reset" state with initial data that is baked into the circuitry. This is the power-on reset (PoR) circuitry. When the power is up and stable, the "reset" is over and the processor starts executing. The initial value of program counter / instruction pointer is called the reset vector, and this is where software execution begins. On an x86 PC, this is something like 0xFFFFFFF0. The memory controller on the system is configured for reads from this address to go NOT to the main RAM, but to a flash memory chip on the board that holds the firmware software. From there the firmware will find your bootable disks, load the bootloader, and pass control to it.

In practice, systems vary wildly.
by fabian2k | 2025-09-30 07:23:55+00:00
I think the big difference is that PostgreSQL doesn't cache query plans at all by default. Only if you use prepared statements. My understanding is that MSSQL does heavily cache them.

It sounds plausible to me that caching would often lead to significant performance improvements overall, but trigger bad plans much more often since the plans are not re-evaluated based on the statistics of each single query. So in Postgres you'd get individual queries with pathological performance when the statistics are off, in MSSQL all executions of that query have bad performance until the plan is re-evaluated again.
by godelski | 2025-09-30 07:24:12+00:00
I defended my PhD this year and I think a lot of people in my department expected me to stay in academia. When they asked why I didn't want to go be a professor I've always responded "I want to do research." It seems everyone immediately understood usually responded a somber nod.

I feel the contract of academia has been broken. I'll give up high pay and gladly teach students if I am given the freedom to explore and define my own research path. But that is not the job of a professor. They spend all their days writing grants, doing service, mentoring grad students in how to write works that get the most citations, and build their connections. Little time is usually left for students and rarely is there time for research on their own. Why would I want to do all that when I can make 3x as much in industry, work fewer hours, and have access to better tools to do my own research? While industry will also not give me much freedom there's no doubt that I will actually have time to do research if I find the energy.

We fucked up. We let the bureaucrats take over. They care about metrics but not for what the metrics measure. Unfortunately this isn't unique to academia. But we lost sight of the whole purpose of academia. Academia was always supposed to be different. Not about profits. Research is high risk, but results in massive rewards. It research creates the foundation for trillion dollar industries. Sometimes it takes decades to see that reward, but the research is cheap.
by tdeck | 2025-09-30 07:24:16+00:00
> Most of us pay a premium for "security checks" with a bunch of microprinting and other bullshit. That's utterly useless once you push it through a cellphone cam!

If I recall correctly, you can order checks from a check printing company with any account and routing number you specify. Walmart sells them, and it was cheaper than getting more from my bank. So even an authentic check with the security features intact doesn't seem worth much. The only real security feature is the signature.
by Oras | 2025-09-30 07:25:22+00:00
It is too expensive to reach the right audience. I remember talking to agencies about ads for a fintech app, and all of them said the same thing:

You need to burn around 20k a month on ads for 3 months, so we can learn what works, then the CAC will start decreasing, and you can get more targeted users.

Once you turn ads off, there is no awareness, no new users, and people will not be aware of the product's existence.
by alexisread | 2025-09-30 07:25:54+00:00
...and a little further on, the OS/app starts to look like a distributed database.

I think it's a good case for including lattice types in the OS ie. From the ground up. Bear in mind that an OS has an API ie. A DSL/language for it, Micropython is a good example:

https://www.neilconway.org/docs/socc2012_bloom_lattices.pdf
by grues-dinner | 2025-09-30 07:26:26+00:00
For many years it actually did work like this in the US. You had to register the copyright and then renew it after 28 years within a certain window. You can even see at the scans of the old registration indexes - they're still relevant for determining public domain of many works.

The US is usual an oddball in international agreements and this is no exception. The modern "copyright by default" method is relatively recent in the US, in 1989, when the US acceded to the Berne convention of 1889 which was already in use by many other countries.

Every country has it own rules and dates of various laws coming into and out of force so the overall global picture is rather muddy for any random given work. Generally "death of last surviving author plus 70 years" is the rule for works made in living memory, and if it's not that it's "publication plus 95 years". The general upshot is that if anyone is still alive who was alive when the author was, it's in copyright still.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_b...
by lylo | 2025-09-30 07:26:59+00:00
I’m working on Pagecord. Blogging as easy as sending an email.

https://pagecord.com

Pagecord is free with a very full-featured (and cheap!) premium package. Email newsletter, custom domains, privacy-respecting analytics etc.

Source is available. Ruby on Rails:

https://github.com/lylo/pagecord
by ethanpil | 2025-09-30 07:27:04+00:00
Had a similar issue - wanted to get all the files from the response without too much work, so I opened a new tab and vibe coded this in about 4 minutes. Tested it on exactly 1 case: a previous Sonnet 4.5 response, and worked well.

https://github.com/ethanpil/claude-files-creator
by supersrdjan | 2025-09-30 07:27:56+00:00
I also switch between my macbook keyboard and my external ortholinear keyboard. In my case, getting used to the ortholinear actually improved my typing on the macbook keyboard, as it taught me to use my pinky finger more, and also fixed some other bad habits of reaching across with the wrong finger to type certain keys. But I have an ordinary rectangular ortholinear, not a moonlander-type layout.
by mantas | 2025-09-30 07:30:15+00:00
My views didn't change. I voted moderate right before it was tolerating migration.

Here „far“ right offer is to deport illegals and curb new migration.

Also, we have detention centers since forever. What do you propose to do with illegal migrants waiting deportations instead? Put them in prisons? That's a wee to harsh, isn't it?

Of course, then people can start talking BS about muh concentration camps with allusions to soviet and nazi camps. But those camps had some specific features that ain't present in detention centers.
by stephen_cagle | 2025-09-30 07:31:33+00:00
I... i actually wouldn't be opposed to this if it meant a return to my buying things from the website of the company that makes the product.

What Amazon really nailed, and the reason I buy like 90% of things from them, is the easy and known shipping and return policy.

But the second reason I buy from Amazon is laziness. I am too lazy to look up the (often confusing) product on their company store, I'd rather just buy that product through amazon. To compound my laziness, I don't like having to once again fill out my email, home address, and credit card for the thousandth time when I go to their site.

But if I don't have to find and navigate to their site and I don't have to fill in my information for the thousandth time. Now, we are talking about me realistically considering a direct purchase.

This is likely good for the consumer, and largely good for the world (less centralization).
by monch1962 | 2025-09-30 07:32:15+00:00
> A Sony Walkman-style device that you can give to children so they can ask questions to an LLM. It should be voice-first, and focused on explaining things. There shouldn’t be a single screen on the device. Offline-first would be a plus.

Not a 100% fit, but https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005009196849357.html is pretty close. It's not offline, and it's slightly larger than a ping pong ball.

My grandkids (5 and 3) spent about 2 minutes learning how to use it, then bombarded it with "tell me a story about a unicorn named Bob", "can dogs be friends with monkeys?" and so on. In every case it gave a reasonable answer within a few seconds.

I'll be amazed if these things don't wind up embedded inside toys by Xmas. When they do, I'll be in the queue to buy one
by ludvigk | 2025-09-30 07:32:54+00:00
I've been wanting to build something like this for myself, but partnering/integrating with banks seems to be the main difficulty. How do you solve this?

And which cards / banks does it support?

Also, what does the name mean? It might be a tad difficult to google, unfortunately, since I imagine that googling "lang" would come up with a lot of other results.
by a96 | 2025-09-30 07:33:09+00:00
Sometimes you do need censored, e.g. website chatbots or anything run in an office setting. NSFW things just simply can't slip out of those. And it might be a way to optimize the model to simply fence those things out.

But it is very limiting and adds many arbitrary landmines of obscure political correctness based no doubt on some perverse incoherent totalitarian list of allowed topics.
by marginalia_nu | 2025-09-30 07:33:26+00:00
It was actually very helpful as it answered my question about what the benchmark numbers are. It wasn't a request for advice, but I'm merely looking to understand the article, which doesn't really elaborate on what they are presenting; either assuming an audience that is very familiar with these benchmarks prior, or so dazzled by number going up they forget to ask what number is.
by madaxe_again | 2025-09-30 07:34:05+00:00
My next array is likely to be east-west vertical bifacials, as I need only a small amount of additional capacity in the summer, but could still do more in the winter.

We currently have:

- summer optimised array: almost flat, 15 degree, optimised for maximum power on sunny summer days, mostly runs our cooling

- winter/morning array. Points SSE, 65 degree incline. Gets great energy in the mornings, and on winter mornings. Performs surprisingly well in overcast conditions. Generates about the same power in midwinter and midsummer.

- winter/afternoon array. Same as the above, but SSW.

18kW total faceplate capacity, in reality we peak at around 5kW, but have that for about six hours of the day for 9 months of the year. Also means I can run three arrays on two MPPTs as the two tilted arrays are basically mutually exclusive as to when they make power.

The other reason for leaning towards vertical panels is cleaning. The flat panels accumulate a crust of crap (pollen, soot, dust) that cements on there fast, and requires vigorous scrubbing to remove. Kills 20% of the capacity unless I get up there with a broom every six weeks. The 65 degree ones I have not had to clean once, as stuff just slides off them.

That, and a pallet of bifacials is now cheaper than a pallet of monofacials.
by hnlmorg | 2025-09-30 07:34:14+00:00
Rust is slower to prototype than Python because Rust is a low level language. Not because it’s strictly typed. So that’s not really a fair comparison. For example, assembly doesn’t have any types at all and yet is slower to prototype than Rust.

Let’s take Visual Basic 6, for example. That was very quick to prototype in even with “option explicit” (basically forcing type declarations) defined. Quicker, even, than Python.

Typescript isn’t any slower to prototype in than vanilla JavaScript (bar setting up the build pipeline — man does JavaScript ecosystem really suck at DevEx!).

Writing map = {} only saves you a few keystrokes. And Unless you’re typing really slowly with one finger like an 80 year old using a keyboard for the first time, you’ll find the real input bottleneck isn’t how quickly you can type your data structures into code, but how quickly your brain can turn a product spec / Jira ticket into a mental abstraction.

> Oh wait, I’m going to change that to a tuple of pairs instead

And that’s exactly when you want the static analysis of a strict type system to jump in and say “hang on mate, you’ve forgotten to change these references too” ;)

Having worked on various code bases across a variety of different languages, the refactors that always scare me the most isn’t the large code bases, it’s the ones in Python or JavaScript because I don’t have a robust type system providing me with compile-time safety.

There’s an old adage that goes something like this: “don’t put off to runtime what can be done in compile time.”

As computers have gotten exponentially faster, we’ve seemed to have forgotten this rule. And to our own detriment.
by sandblast | 2025-09-30 07:34:15+00:00
Well, most of commits have „brianathere and claude” as authors. Additionally, the style of comments in some of the files bears a strong resemblance to those typically generated by LLMs.

Moreover, this whole thing has 7 stars on GitHub as of writing, and yet the bottom of README boldly claims „ready for production use”. For me, that overly confident approach discourages maybe even more.
by _DeadFred_ | 2025-09-30 07:35:30+00:00
I thought FDA regulated device software certification was hard, PCI certification just annoying. FAA certification is on another level from those.

There's so many moving parts to aircraft certification honestly I was surprised when a new design would get type design certification. Which is why Boeing tries to do things like shoehorn in a new airplane under an older airplane type design (MAX) so they don't have to get a whole new type design approved.
by jtwaleson | 2025-09-30 07:35:56+00:00
I'm creating Comper, an infinite canvas that has all your organization's code and documentation on it. If you zoom in, you can see the code, if you zoom out you see the big picture. By giving everything a place on the map, it becomes easier to figure out your way through the landscape and understand the systems. Different modes can you show you different things: code age, authorship (bus-factor, is the person still with the company etc), languages used, security issues. There's time-travel, think Gource for all software in your company, and maybe the most fun: a GeoGuessr for code. Select the repos for your team (or if you feel confident, of the entire org), you get a snippet and have to guess where it is. The plan is for LLMs + tree-sitter to analyze all the code and show relations to other systems, databases etc.

My initial announcement got the top spot in "What are you working on? (February 2025)" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43157056 but now I'm a lot further, there's a website https://comper.io and the company is getting incorporated within two weeks.

Last week I showed it off in the Feeling of Computing Meetup (fka Future of Coding) - the recording is here and the reactions were extremely positive https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-rg-FPZJtk

I'm opening the private beta soon, where I mix using the product with consultancy, to get better customer feedback. Not sure if that will work, but I don't have all the features yet for bottom-up adoption.
by vulkoingim | 2025-09-30 07:35:56+00:00
I got tired of Spotify recommending me the same songs, from the same artists, over and over again.

So I built Riff Radar - it creates playlists from your followed artists' complete discography, and allows you to tailor them in multiple ways. Those playlists are my top listened to. I know, because you can also see your listening statistics (at the mercy of Spotify's API).

The playlists also get updated daily. Think of it as a better version of the daily mixes Spotify creates.

https://riffradar.org/
by piva00 | 2025-09-30 07:36:04+00:00
Import companies are part of many supply chains in the USA, that's what the push for globalisation by the USA since the 1990s created.

In a sense it is almost "all", most products Americans consume depend on imported inputs.

In the end the companies aren't taxed, they just pass the cost downwards to the consumer, it's a VAT with many extra steps.
by pixel_popping | 2025-09-30 07:37:40+00:00
The video is not loading on FF fyi.

Uncaught (in promise) DOMException: The fetching process for the media resource was aborted by the user agent at the user's request. Uncaught (in promise) DOMException: The media resource indicated by the src attribute or assigned media provider object was not suitable.

No video with supported format and MIME type found.

FF.
by ranguna | 2025-09-30 07:38:45+00:00
This HN post is about claude 4.5 and you come here speaking about how "claude" does not give you satisfactory answer when, most likely, you didn't even try claude 4.5 in the first place.

Claude 4.5 after a few web searches and running a couple python scripts for analysis:

Yes, your configuration should work!

Based on my analysis, two strings of four Phono Solar PS440M8GFH panels will be compatible with the EG4 12kPV inverter for upstate New York conditions.

Key Findings:

Voltage Safety:

Cold weather maximum (-25°C/-13°F): 182V - well below the 600V limit (only 30% of maximum)

Standard operating voltage: 128V - comfortably within the 120-500V MPPT range

Hot weather minimum (40°C/104°F panel temp): 121V - just above the 120V MPPT minimum

Current:

Operating current: ~13.8A per string - well within the 25A MPPT limit (55% of capacity) Total System:

8 panels × 440W = 3,520W (3.5kW) - well below the 12kW inverter rating

Important Considerations:

Hot weather margin is tight: At extreme hot temperatures, the voltage drops to about 121V, which is only 1V above the MPPT minimum. This means:

The system will work, but efficiency might be slightly reduced on the hottest days The MPPT controller should still track power effectively

More robust alternative: If you want more safety margin, consider 5 panels per string instead:

Cold: 228V (still safe)

Hot: 151V (much better margin above 120V minimum)

Total: 10 panels = 4.4kW

Wire each string to a separate MPPT on the EG4 12kPV (it has 2 MPPTs), which is perfect for your 2-string configuration.

Bottom Line:

Your planned configuration of 2 strings × 4 panels will work year-round in upstate New York without safety issues. The system is conservatively sized and should perform well!
by vitorgrs | 2025-09-30 07:39:02+00:00
GLM 4.5 for me one of the best coding model when running with agents such as Claude Code and Opencode (excluding Claude and GPT-5).

Looking forward to try GLM 4.6.

But Z AI should do like KIMI¹ and launch a verifier to see how GLM models behave on 3rd party providers.

[1] https://github.com/MoonshotAI/K2-Vendor-Verfier