MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by bayindirh | 2025-09-23 15:09:18+00:00
The reason sensor manufacturers use "seemingly ancient" (i.e. huge feature sizes) processes in their sensors is you really don't need a more advanced process like in processors.

When you manufacture something which computes, power consumption and internal noise improvement is more drastic with improved manufacturing processes. When you are measuring something, you don't need or want too small pixels or features to begin with.

So having a small gigapixel sensor just because your process allows creates more disadvantage over having a sensor same size with a lower resolution, from light capturing angle. So, low-light sensitivity and resolution is a trade-off.

Back-illuminated sensors used by all contemporary cameras created this leap rather than reducing feature size via improved processes. You already pack the sensor as dense as possible (you don't want gaps or "smaller" pixels w/o increasing resolution either), and moving data/power plane away from pixels is the biggest contributor to noise in the sensor.

See the link [0]. Top left image is full frame, top right is APS-C, bottom left is M4/3, and bottom right is full frame / high-res (60+MP) sensors.

When you look at the images, smaller the sensor, worse the noise performance. When you compare full-size images of top left to bottom right, top left image is better in terms of noise. I selected RAW to surface "what sensor sees" The selected spot is the darkest point in that scene.

You can select JPEG to see what in camera image processing does to these images. Shutter speed is around 1/40s and ISO is fixed at 12800 since it's the de-facto standard for night photography.

> Also you bypassed the possibility of timing multiple sensors separately to achieve 2000fps.

Working on an image which doesn't reflect real world is a bit dangerous, isn't it?

[0]: https://www.dpreview.com/reviews/image-comparison?attr18=low...
by ndiddy | 2025-09-23 15:09:22+00:00
> As you can see, the Ubuntu 24.04 distro is missing from the list, and this is a shame, since this is a board released late 2024. I contacted OrangePi and they mentioned that they would eventually release a 24.04 version, but there was no clear timeline for that.

> Sadly, but this was almost expected, there does not seem to be any kind of GPU support in the version that I have chosen. A quick check with glxgears confirms that there is just a software pipe for rendering.

Stuff like this is why people keep picking Raspberry Pi. There's tons and tons of alternative SBCs that have better price to performance on paper, but the software support is always awful. You're always limited to a few distro images released by the SBC vendor, and there's no effort spent by them on getting everything working. This product came out in December 2024, and they STILL don't have images with working GPU acceleration.
by stevenjgarner | 2025-09-23 15:09:30+00:00
> Most of the increase could be fully offset if the world put an end to the incredible waste of electricity on cryptocurrency mining (currently 0.5 to 1 per cent of total world electricity consumption, and not normally counted in estimates of IT use).

I do not accept this. It was once true under Proof-of-Work (typically ~1,000–2,000 kWh per transaction), not so much under Proof-of-Stake (typically 0.03–0.05 kWh per transaction).

Note that proof-of-stake may actually have a lower energy footprint than credit card or fiat banking transactions. An IMF analysis [1] pegged core processing for credit card companies at ~0.04 kWh per transaction (based on data centers and settlement systems), but noted that including user payment means like physical cards and terminals could increase this by about two orders of magnitude—though even then, it doesn't extend to bank branches or employee overhead - an overhead not implicit in decentralized finance.

[1] https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/063/2022/006/arti...
by catlikesshrimp | 2025-09-23 15:09:38+00:00
Datacenters didn't need water cooling before the AI explosion. (Air cooling was still possible)

At first, DW's estimate was one drop of potable water was consumed for each query (normal queries, not more expensive ones)

The Google, I don't know who allowed the sincerity, God bless him, released a first hand analysis of their water consumption, and it is higher that the one drop estimate: 5 drops

https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/measuring_the_envi...
by Taek | 2025-09-23 15:10:02+00:00
Some freedom? My house is my safe space, it's the place I go when I'm exhausted, when I'm sick, when the rest of the world sucks.

I should have a very high degree of freedom over who is allowed to share that space with me and I shouldn't have to justify not allowing another person (stranger or not) to co-habitate.
by miladyincontrol | 2025-09-23 15:10:16+00:00
The sad part I hear about the "gen z stare is its just youth entering the workplace.

How many Millenials were described as aimless slackers in the workplace in just about the exact same way, gen x as gloomy and unmotivated, and so on. Idle hands, gilded youth, layabouts, beatniks, etc theres countless terms adjacent.

Its a tale old as time older generations acting like the younger arent interested in work "in the right way", and one I do not want to perpetuate
by bronco21016 | 2025-09-23 15:10:21+00:00
Agreed. Their naming conventions in a way really broke the perception of progress. GPT-4 to o3 or GPT-5 is truly impressive. The leap from GPT-4o to GPT-5 is less impressive but GPT-4o is generally recognized as GPT-4.

All that being said, it does seem like OpenAI and Anthropic are on a quest for more dollars by promoting fantasy futures where there is not a clear path from A to B, at least to those of us on the outside.
by freejazz | 2025-09-23 15:10:32+00:00
>Then that's the actual answer to the question they were asking. It's already done before you're given the document.

It's not the actual answer. Having a standardized resource location scheme is a solved problem in the legal field for years beyond my knowledge. Well before computers, that's for sure. Getting all the resources cited in any legal brief is probably one of the most trivial task an attorney does, if not a paralegal, and I'm sure there are scripts and apps for it too. You just type the cite in and poof! Out comes the document!

>But I don't know what takes "2 minutes" then? Checking to make sure they actually have hyperlinks?

The task at question. Seeing if "hyperlink" returns a case the citation. It's even more trivial than getting the resource itself. You type it in and don't even have to click the download button. Of course, an attorney actually has to read a case to see if it stands for the proposition they are using it for. But you don't care about that because you're a super genius entertaining a hypothetical.

>That is not what they asked. You only make yourself look bad when you change the question before mocking it.

I'm not the one making myself look bad because I'm not the one entertaining the nonsensical hypothetical of some other internet super genius who knows so much about the legal profession that they've never heard of LexisNexis, WestLaw, the Federal Reporter or the Blue Book.

Legal citations are already a format you can plug into a legal database to get a result, so the idea that it'd be some sort of improvement to see if a citation actually exists when your AI makes up complete bullshit isn't an advancement, it's back to the status quo. Because an attorney needs to actually read the cases they cite to be sure they stand for the proposition they are relying upon. They also need to read the propositions they are representing to the court. So nothing has changed about that. But again, you don't realize that because you have no idea what an attorney needs to do to make their time more valuable. (It's hiring and training junior attorneys.) That's what senior lawyers have been doing forever.

Actual attorneys do the job way better job than AIs. That hasn't changed yet and it doesn't seem like it will anytime soon based upon the AI demos I've been given. The only people who tell me otherwise are posters like you and the hucksters that sell the demos. At least the others are hucksters. You're some poster whose going to argue with me about what will make my job easier, having no idea what I actually spend my time doing. It's always the posters that abstract it into some obtuse operation like "filling out a legal document with facts and relevant law" like they are just two buckets getting sorted. It's so tiresome.
Show HN: Vbare – a simple alternative to Protobuf for schema evolution
by NathanFlurry | 2025-09-23 15:10:50+00:00
Hey HN – we’re sharing a tiny extension to BARE called VBARE that we’ve been using extensively to make schema evolution much cleaner & simpler.

After our Protobuf schemas became a cluttered after numerous major changes, we evaluated many alternatives for better schema evolution - Cap'n Proto, FlatBuffers, Borsh, etc. - but none seemed that they’d make a noticable improvement.

VBARE takes a different approach: it's a tiny extension to BARE that adds version headers and explicit migration functions between schema versions. This allows you to handle complex changes (like splitting a "name" field into "firstName"/"lastName") that are impossible with other tools, and your application logic stays clean.

It's been powering all of Rivet's protocols in production, with TypeScript and Rust implementations available.
by cafard | 2025-09-23 15:10:52+00:00
>> remove the classics and philosophy from high school

I attended an American high school at the beginning of the 1970s. We may have read a few pages from Plato, but that was about it for anything like philosophy. My son went to a better school, and there read some of the Nicomachean Ethics, which is more than I got. But it is not extensive coverage.

As for the classics, it would depend on what you consider classics.

I would be interested to learn what high schools, outside a very narrow band of selective schools, used to teach the classics and philosophy.
by bilekas | 2025-09-23 15:10:54+00:00
> For humanity to continue increasing the quality of life for more people, more energy is required

I'm not 100% sure that's strictly true.. We naturally assume for the moment that more energy = more quality.

It's like the Kardashev scale which basically says you can't advance without more and more energy consuptions to progress. Is this a proven thing ? Does the line need to always go up indefinitely ?
by Austizzle | 2025-09-23 15:11:02+00:00
I think the phrase _emotionally_ resonates with people who write code that would work in other languages, but the compiler rejects.

When I was learning rust (coming from python/java) it certainly felt like a battle because I "knew" the code was logically sound (at least in other languages) but it felt like I had to do all sorts of magic tricks to get it to compile. Since then I've adapted and understand better _why_ the compiler has those rules, but in the beginning it definitely felt like a fight and that the code _should_ work.
by hu3 | 2025-09-23 15:11:10+00:00
I did some quick search, not sure if this supports or denies your point:

- 151 instances of "Arc<" in Servo: https://github.com/search?q=repo%3Aservo%2Fservo+Arc%3C&type...

- 5 instances of "Arc<" in AWS SDK for Rust https://github.com/search?q=repo%3Arusoto%2Frusoto%20Arc%3C&...

- 0 instances for "Arc<" in LOC https://github.com/search?q=repo%3Acgag%2Floc%20Arc%3C&type=...
by tptacek | 2025-09-23 15:11:18+00:00
These are challenges for people sharing housing, but they're not the legal reason why letting out rooms is illegal. Prohibitions on multifamily housing are all rooted in racial animus. It's the entire reason we have single-family zoning (a related legal proscription), which emerged very shortly after the Buchanan v Warley decision that outlawed outright racial zoning. There's a long and well-documented history of this, all the way down to regulations targeting multi-generational households (Black and Latino families are more likely to have a grandparent or aunt living alongside a younger family).

"The Color of Law" is a good starter read here.
by runako | 2025-09-23 15:11:59+00:00
OpenAI yesterday announced[1] a partnership to deploy computer chips, but chose to denominate the size of the deal in gigawatts (instead of dollars, or some measure of computing capacity, or some measure of capability). They certainly seem to think about this in terms of electricity requirements, and seem to think they require a lot of it.

(I may have the units off a bit, but it looks like OpenAI's recent announcement would consume a bit more than the total residential electricity usage of Seattle.)

1 - https://openai.com/index/openai-nvidia-systems-partnership/
by 9rx | 2025-09-23 15:12:49+00:00
> enough renters to form a voting bloc

Maybe, but voting would only matter if there was a referendum, which is highly unlikely for something that isn't challenging fundamental rights. Taxes are easily repealed if the people realize they made a mistake. It not need that kind of level of agreement.

What does matter is having time to participate in democracy. It very well may be that in theory the renting crowd have a loud enough voice to be heard, but in practice do they really have the time/the feeling of having enough time to actually do it? Statistically, renters are lower income and tend to struggle to make ends meet. While making themselves heard would be beneficial, often they face other pressures, like needing to go to work, instead that diminish their ability to carry through with it.
by gjsman-1000 | 2025-09-23 15:13:09+00:00
> Without limitation, you agree that you may not (a) publish, copy, modify, reverse engineer, lease, rent, decompile, disassemble, distribute, offer for sale, or create derivative works of any portion of the Nintendo Account Services; (b) bypass, modify, decrypt, defeat, tamper with, or otherwise circumvent any of the [functions or protections of the Nintendo Account Services]. You acknowledge that if you fail to comply with the foregoing restrictions Nintendo may render the Nintendo Account Services and/or the applicable Nintendo device permanently unusable in whole or in part.

It's hard to feel sympathetic when literally everything above is illegal anyway, under the CFAA and DMCA. To me, this is a "we could brick your console if you do illegal stuff," which is nothing new (you can't steal an iPhone without Apple bricking it). This is also, presumably, why Nintendo believes they can get away with it - there's no way you can possibly sue without exposing yourself.

Also, note that this specifically targets Nintendo Account Services. This isn't you casually modding or even cheating; this is you hacking your console, and then using that entry point (your console's unique authentication certificates) to try and get into Nintendo's infrastructure. Even the people hacking Switch 1 knew that if you probe the CDN in a way even slightly unusual, you get permanently banned instantly.

I'm not saying I like it; I'm saying that it's irrelevant to any decent customer who isn't planning to be taking inventory of Nintendo's online endpoints.
Show HN: Airbolt – Call LLM APIs from your app with zero back end
by mkw5053 | 2025-09-23 15:13:15+00:00
Hi HN!

We love the "backend-less" stack: Stripe for payments, Supabase for data, Clerk for auth. But the moment we add AI features, we're forced to spin up a backend to hide API keys, implement per-user token-based rate limits and graceful degradation, etc. So we built Airbolt.

What it does: Drop in our SDK and start making OpenAI calls directly from your frontend. Your keys are AES-256-GCM encrypted on our servers, never exposed to the client. We provide token-based per-user rate limits and origin allow lists to address inference abuse. Short-lived JWTs and bring-your-own-auth are coming soon (like this week).

Why this matters: Current tools solve fragments. Teams still build custom backends. The cost compounds: more code, more bugs, slower shipping, and worse AI-coding tool performance as context grows.

We provide a TypeScript API, React Hooks, and React Component.

Coming soon:

- Multi-provider support (OpenRouter, Anthropic, Gemini, and more)

- No-redeploy upgrades: we want our self service dash to be your "control plane" so you cane change providers, models, context and more without changing your project source and redeploying

- Native mobile SDKs

- Bring-your-own-auth integration (Auth0, Clerk, Auth.js, etc)

- RAG/vector search

Built this after implementing the same proxy pattern for the 10th time. When we consider ease of use and speed vs flexibility tradeoffs, we're intentionally choosing extreme ease and speed (when it seems everyone else is building more ways to define complex agents).

Try it out: https://www.airbolt.ai/

mark@airbolt.ai
by theptip | 2025-09-23 15:13:22+00:00
I agree the market dynamics are weird now, I disagree that says much about the existence of other equilibria.

For example, inference on older GPUs is actually more profitable than bleeding-edge right now; the shops that are selling hosted inference have options to broaden their portfolio the advancement of the frontier slows.

Cloud providers are currently “un-differentiated”, but there are three huge ones making profits and some small ones too. Hosting is an economy-of-scale business and so is inference.

And all of these startups you quote like Cursor that are not free-cash-flow positive are simply playing the VC land grab game. Costs will rise for consumers if VCs stop funding, sure. That says nothing about how much TAM there is at the new higher price point.

The idea that OAI is un-differentiated is just weird. They have a massively popular consumer offering, a huge bankroll, and can continue to innovate on features. Their consumer offering has remained sticky even though Claude and Gemini have both had periods of being the best model to those in the know.

And generally speaking there are huge opportunities to do enterprise integrations and build out the retooling of $10T of economic activities, just with the models we have now; a Salesforce play would be a natural pivot for them.
by rilesthefirst | 2025-09-23 15:14:10+00:00
Let's say you have a Django or FastApi server, and you want to execute a function next monday at 3pm. You would need to setup celery, redis, a permanent DB, handle concurrency, queues, timezones, debug, backup because if you restart the server you would lose all your cron jobs, etc. too much code for something that is not directly related to you business logic.

Orkera is an API, you can send a post request specifying, a datetime, data parameters, and a callback URL. All you need now it to setup a webhook and you will recieve your data and the desired datetime. now you can focus on your business logic and not waste time ! This is particularly useful with agentic AI where you often need to take actions in the future.
by scuff3d | 2025-09-23 15:14:23+00:00
This comment is so off the rails I'm not going to bother responding to it, but it does make me think about why political discourse is so deeply broken today.

When someone lives this far into an alternate relatity it leaves basically no room for discussion. The amount of work that has to be done just to get everyone back to some relative place of sanity is damn near insurmountable. It leaves no time or energy left to have an actual discussion.
by Analemma_ | 2025-09-23 15:14:26+00:00
There is some limit to the rebound effect because people only have so many hours in the day, but we’re nowhere near the ceiling of how much AI compute people could use.

Note how many people pay for the $200/month plans from Anthropic, OAI etc. and still hit limits because they constantly spend $8000 worth of tokens letting the agents burn and churn. It’s pretty obvious that as compute gets cheaper via hardware improvements and power buildout, usage is going to climb exponentially as people go “eh, let the agent just run on autopilot, who cares if it takes 2MM tokens to do [simple task]”.

I think for the foreseeable future we should consider the rebound effect in this sector to be in full force and not expect any decreases in power usage for a long time.
by pjmlp | 2025-09-23 15:14:36+00:00
I used it enough to understand how it works, compare it with my WebForms, GWT and JSF experience since their early days in 2001 onwards, and decide to stick with MVC, and browser native stack.

Additionally, our agency is polyglot, and in no way frontend teams are going to start doing Blazor instead of their favourite framework of the month.
by TimorousBestie | 2025-09-23 15:14:39+00:00
> Probably an unpopular opinion, but why is this a problem?

Because it makes it relatively more difficult for minorities to obtain housing, see sibling comment https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45348212

> The classic example would be a "female only" household that doesn't allow men for real or perceived safety reasons. There are also cultures/religions where cohabitation with those of the opposite sex is taboo.

The solution to the “female only” or the religiously observant household is for the renters/buyers to self-select and organize themselves. I don’t see why the landlord/seller needs to mandate it.
by kiicia | 2025-09-23 15:14:51+00:00
no, the simplest example that it is not possible in practice is in heraldry, where blazon - that is description, yield different emblazon - that is depiction, depending on who and where creates crest

crest always stays true to descriptions but details are always different

now when I think about it, heraldry is practical way to describe how generative algorithms work
by serbuvlad | 2025-09-23 15:15:00+00:00
> I believe trusting any person whose incentive is to take money from you is not a prudent decision.

I simply do not see the correlation. There are many people in the world that want to make money and do so by providing a great product at an affordable price (eg. Gabe Newell). Perhaps it is better to say you shouldn't trust people that who give you something for free to make money off you.
by speed_spread | 2025-09-23 15:15:06+00:00
The article mentions

> A simple subset of yaml

Which already exists and is called StrictYAML. It's just strings, lists and dicts. No numbers. No booleans. No _countries_. No anchors. No JSON-compatible blocks. So, essentially it's what most of use think as being proper YAML, without all the stupid/bad/overcomplicated stuff. Just bring your own schema and types where required.

https://hitchdev.com/strictyaml/
by Ygg2 | 2025-09-23 15:15:10+00:00
> > Seasoned Rust coders don’t spend time fighting the borrow checker

> No true scotsman would ever be confused by the borrow checker.

I'd take that No true scotsman over the "Real C programmers write code without CVE" for $5000.

Also you are strawmanning the argument. GP said, "As a seasoned veteran of Rust you learn to think like the borrow checkers." vs "Real Rust programmers were born with knowledge of borrow checker".
by boogieknite | 2025-09-23 15:15:48+00:00
what a resonant piece. incredibly constructed. issues ive grappled with and, like the author, kept to myself because ive learned most people in my life dont care about the same things as i do. rare piece of writing that changed my perspective a bit

this is glib but i couldnt keep myself from intentionally misinterpreting the end: "and on top of these existential crises he has covid now!"
by Tycho | 2025-09-23 15:15:51+00:00
What’s the energy profile of running inference in a typical ChatGPT prompt compared to:

- doing a google search and loading a linked webpage - taking a photo with your smartphone and uploading it to social media for sharing - playing Fortnite for 20 minutes - hosting a Zoom conference with 15 people - sending an email to a hundred colleagues

I’d be curious. AI inference is massively centralised, so of course the data centres will be using a lot of energy, but less centralised use cases may be less power efficient from a wholistic perspective.