MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ngruhn | 2025-09-27 10:23:15+00:00
You can write "formal" proofs in this language for mathematical theorems. They are "formal" because they are so detailed that they are machine checkable. That's in contrast to the "informal" pen and paper proofs that people normally produce.

Besides pure maths you can also use that to verify the correctness of software. E.g. say you implemented a shortest path algorithm:

shortestPath(graph, start, end)

You could proof something like: For all `graph` and each `path` in `graph` from `start` to `end`:

path.length <= shortestPath(graph, start, end).length
by bjackman | 2025-09-27 10:23:30+00:00
> Like other academics, I plan to stick with latex for journal articles and books, unless publishers provide support for typst.

In my undergrad we sent all our essays etc as LaTeX and it was honestly very usable. I assume this was somewhat dependent on having a wealth of enthusiast professors and postgrads to develop the templates though...?

Since then, I've used LaTeX in a "freeform" way and absolutely hated it, I will definitely be trying Typst next time I need more than Markdown/RST.

But I can imagine that if you are unlucky, working with the journal-provided templates could be WORSE - if the templates suck you are surely in a world of pain!
by zelphirkalt | 2025-09-27 10:23:48+00:00
I was with you when you explained how you got them off of MS Word (even worse if it was the web version!!), until you brought up VSCode. I get it, you are probably advocating very practical choices. Just that I wouldn't recommend students to become dependent on VSCode (due to its vendor and "telemetry"). Basically, that makes the students again dependent on MS. But I guess since you recommend an extension, you cannot recommend VSCodium and adding the extension store as someone in a teaching position? If you can, then I would strongly advocate recommending VSCodium instead (or non-electron app editors), to avoid spyware on their machines and to promote a healthier tooling.
by roryirvine | 2025-09-27 10:23:54+00:00
I don't think ESR had anything to do with egcs directly but, yeah, the egcs/gcc split along with the XEmacs / GNU Emacs fracas were likely inspiration for CatB.

He was always better known as a writer than as a developer - his most significant FOSS contributions were probably fetchmail prior to 2003, and the ill-fated CML2 kernel config system around 2001. I'm not aware of anything of note that he's produced since.
by Calavar | 2025-09-27 10:24:36+00:00
The Oregon Health Care Study followed patients for 2 years initially, then it was expanded out to 3 years. That's an absurdly short interval.

The idea is that increased primary care services will have benefits 10 or 15 years down the line by preventing chronic disease from reaching a critical state. For example, preventing prediabetes from reaching diabetes and then diabetic end stage renal disease (which would require dialysis at a cost of 5 figures per person per month). You're not going to see that over 2 to 3 years.
by andy99 | 2025-09-27 10:25:10+00:00
Same thing with Enron. They spun their money losing projects off into new businesses that were capitalized from Enron stock (which kept going up) and so somehow all of these spin offs were also solvent but only because of the value of the stock they had, which only went up because Enron was not showing the losses they would have shown if not for their increasing stock.

It's always the same idea, people just find different contortions to make it seem legit this time.
by Ekaros | 2025-09-27 10:29:20+00:00
As AI skeptic I must also present question how profitable? Unlike previous "tech" and products. There might not be marginal costs for extra units. Instead each generated answer or message use significant amount of power and needs large physical investment in infra.

And if generating those messages are cheap, well there might be competition as price maters more than quality to enough of users.
by JanMa | 2025-09-27 10:29:53+00:00
Congratulations on the 10 year anniversary. Having used Traefik for multiple years in a large Micro-Service Setup (200+ services) I must say I have made mixed experiences. If your requirements match the very opinionated way Traefik does things then it's great. But as soon as they don't you're going to have a hard time getting things to work. That's why shortly after migrating to Traefik I started to maintain an internal fork to add support for unique request ID headers which I maintained for two years until we migrated to HaProxy. The GitHub issue I opened for this in 2019 is still open.

To be fair I used Traefik back when it was still version 1.7 so maybe things have improved by now.
by fhcbix | 2025-09-27 10:31:09+00:00
For me Tectonic[1] solved many of the issues I had with LaTeX, so that's what I'd recommend if you still depend on LaTeX as a language. Make sure to use the V2 CLI (`tectonic -X`) which comes with convenient features like watch mode. With vim and evince (or any PDF viewer that auto refreshes) open I get a similar real-time experience to popular online editors like Overleaf, but in the comfort of my own editor.

[1] https://tectonic-typesetting.github.io/
by tarasyarema | 2025-09-27 10:32:25+00:00
I completely agree with your view! I use postgres for all, as the cost of switching to the (scalable) solution for this kind of problems is low, and in the ens let’s be realistic about how “viral” your app can get…

When I worked in a bigger company in the past we used postgres to store raw blobs for data transformation pipelines (+1T table), and queries to it were instant due to good index usage. Others might have gone to BigQuery or something else making more complex and def more expensive.

PS: I love tools like Temporal, Hatchet or Oban that rely on Postgres and can scale a ton too.
by jdietrich | 2025-09-27 10:33:35+00:00
LFP is really catching up in terms of energy density, but not power density. LFP cells would give incredibly weak performance in something like a power tool battery, because they can't supply anywhere near the peak current of modern NMC cells, particularly pouch cells or tabless cylindrical cells.

For bulk storage LFP is a no-brainer, but there are still a lot of applications where you really want fast charging or need to handle big surges of current.
by sim7c00 | 2025-09-27 10:34:02+00:00
yeah ok fair point. from the interpreter perspective. but that is not the tool which checks security. in that context validity is determined by another tool, which will look beyond merely being interpretable by the php interpreter.

its funny often web basted languages have this property tho , i mean, how else you gonna poison logs and execute them :')... js and php are just adorable for providing opportunities :D
by throwaway422432 | 2025-09-27 10:35:04+00:00
I messed around with Udio when it first cam out, and it wasn't just writing a prompt, and there's your song.

You got 30 seconds, of which there might have been a hook that was interesting. So you would crop the hook and re-generate to get another 30 seconds before or after that, and so on.

I would liken it more as being the producer stitching together the sessions a band have recorded to produce a song.
by anenefan | 2025-09-27 10:35:12+00:00
Cloudflare does not play well with mozilla (for many it won't load site) and that topic has come up numerous times. If you're using some other browser it might be something else cloudflare has got all exccited about.

It sort of sucks since it's what I use ... am I going to bow down and use some other browser - nope. Some business are losing a lot of customers ... it's their choice and cloudflare are not going to fix it since this problem has been dragging on over a year iirc.
by sim7c00 | 2025-09-27 10:35:17+00:00
not to mention cachegrind, callgrind and other things it bundles.

sorry, i guess when i say leaks i mean a bit more broad stuff :'). my own words are a bit leaky hah

still doesnt mean i am wrong. GC doesnt clean up memory when its released but when it wants to, effectively offering opportunities to get that data after a program dont need it anymore. until some point in time u can usually not specify, just hint at.

that in light of things like bad memory ordering between threads etc..can have nasty bugs... (raii has similar bugs but since its more determenistic you can program your way around lot of it more easily and reliably)
by mooreds | 2025-09-27 10:36:08+00:00
Agreed.

There are solutions out there for golang (FusionAuth, my employer, is one) but I think you are looking for one that integrates directly into an application the way that better-auth does (just like devise for rails, or Django's user model).

I'm not aware of any such library for golang. This reddit thread might be helpful: https://www.reddit.com/r/golang/comments/1le9q65/is_there_a_... with some options to evaluate.
by zelphirkalt | 2025-09-27 10:37:32+00:00
If a better Latex only saves you 5 minutes per year, then that means, that you are either a latex god, who types 200wpm in special characters and talks latex fluently, or, that you don't actually write much documentation per year, or, that someone else has invested significant time to create all the document layout, macros, environments, etc. so that you only need to type the text.

My point is, that creating a proper latex document, specific to one's use case can consume many hours of time.
by 3036e4 | 2025-09-27 10:39:17+00:00
Live programming music using tools like SuperCollider is/was a (very niche) thing. Someone is on stage with a laptop and, starting from a blank screen that is typically projected for everyone to see, types in code that makes sounds (and sometimes visual effects). A lot of it involves procedurally generated sounds using simple random generators. Live prompting as part of such shows would not seem entirely out of place and someone might figure out how to make that work as a performance?
by phony-account | 2025-09-27 10:40:14+00:00
Living in Stockholm I’m so envious of the way the Danes are truly committed to cycle traffic instead of the window-dressing we have here.

This type of practical measure is unthinkable here, where a cyclist often has to stop at traffic lights and press a button to request a green signal - even when car-traffic is at a standstill.

It all leads to more friction and dangerous risk-taking - where cyclists end-up ignoring lights instead - endangering both themselves, pedestrians and even other cyclists.
by gucci-on-fleek | 2025-09-27 10:40:40+00:00
> 5. In latex you have the \document{...} where you can't specify macros so they need to be at the top, in Typst you can specify the macros close to where you need them.

You can define macros anywhere you want, but you can only load packages in the preamble (before \begin{document}). I'm not familiar with Typst, but I would assume that it also requires you to load packages at the top of the document (or at least that's the only place that you would want to load packages).

> 6. It's easier to version control and diff, especially if you use semantic line breaks.

Semantic line breaks should be totally fine with LaTeX too.

> 2. Compiling is instant.

> 3. Diagnostics are way easier to understand (sort of like Rust compiler suggestion style).

Agreed, these are definitely LaTeX's biggest weaknesses.
by Earw0rm | 2025-09-27 10:41:39+00:00
It's unsurprising that certain strains would lead to increased cancer risk. We've known about this with bacteria (H. Pylori and stomach cancer), viruses (HPV and genital cancers) and fungi (carcinogenic liver toxins) for a long time.

But I do somewhat wonder about the dental profession's "nuke it all" approach to the oral microbiome. We've largely moved away from that for other outside-facing body parts - it's recognised that for organs like skin, gut, vagina, scalp etc that there is such a thing as a healthy, balanced microbiome. I expect they'll get around to discovering the same for the mouth at some point - that if you have the right bacteria and don't overfeed them with massive amounts of glucose and fructose, that's broadly a healthier mouth than blasting everything to oblivion at every opportunity.
by stavros | 2025-09-27 10:42:02+00:00
I'm in the process of replacing the battery in my old robot vacuum right now, and for the amount of time spent doing that, I could buy a whole new vacuum. It's a pity, because the battery itself can be replaced just by plugging it in, but all the batteries I could find were AliExpress fakes, so my two options are either "more e-waste" or "spend $500 in time doing it myself".
by c0balt | 2025-09-27 10:42:54+00:00
> how are you supposed to do any nontrivial proofs?

One should also take a look at Isabelle/HOLs AFP here. You can get very far with Metis et al but it is very inefficient computationally.

Especially when proofs get larger and/or layer on abstractions (proving something nontrivial likely involves building on existing algorithms etc.) the ability to make proofs efficient to verify is important.
by frumiousirc | 2025-09-27 10:43:22+00:00
> I asked it to suggest some ways to do it first

Yes, this is a very effective tactic, in my experience! Especially when I am asking for a solution where I am not confident I know what is "best". Having a "pre chat" to settle "what to do" and then "how to do it" before finally telling the LLM to "do it" is often worth the extra time for getting it to provide a solution for complex problems.
by xtajv | 2025-09-27 10:44:05+00:00
It pains me to mention this but I don't think it's responsible not to: https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/4030

At time of writing (2025-09-27, plus or minus a timezone), there does not appear to be any serious attempt to secure application-layer message contents. (At least, not yet)

My hope is that this cool new radio link option will still gain traction and grow and develop without painting itself into a corner, security-wise.

To wit- security hints on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model have improved substantially since my last readthrough.
by R0m41nJosh | 2025-09-27 10:44:09+00:00
I have been reluctant to use AI as a coding assistant though I have installed claude code and bought a bunch of credits. When I see comments like this I genuinely asking what's the point. Are you sure that going through all of these manipulation instead of directly editing the source code makes you more productive? In which way?

Not trolling, true question.
Ask HN: Useful Keylogger for Recall
by atmanactive | 2025-09-27 10:44:46+00:00
Greetings fellow humans.

I'm looking for a way to quickly recall text snippets I typed few minutes earlier that I DIDN'T add to clipboard.

Clipboard recall tools are abundant, and they are all, more or less, working great.

But now, I am looking for the same thing on a keystroke level. In other words, I am looking for a non-malicious keylogger that could auto-split the stream of keystrokes on ENTER keycode, and/or user-adjustable timeout, and would present a list of snippets by pressing a special shortcut. From there, a simple double-click on the item would copy it to clipboard.

So, a typed text history tool of sorts.

A keyboard recall tool.

A hybrid between clipboard recall and a keylogger.

Was searching on Github, couldn't find any.

Any hints would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks!
by burnt-resistor | 2025-09-27 10:45:04+00:00
> Be kind. Don't be snarky. Converse curiously; don't cross-examine. Edit out swipes.

> Comments should get more thoughtful and substantive, not less, as a topic gets more divisive.

> When disagreeing, please reply to the argument instead of calling names. "That is idiotic; 1 + 1 is 2, not 3" can be shortened to "1 + 1 is 2, not 3."

> Don't be curmudgeonly. Thoughtful criticism is fine, but please don't be rigidly or generically negative.

> Please don't fulminate. Please don't sneer, including at the rest of the community.

> Please respond to the strongest plausible interpretation of what someone says, not a weaker one that's easier to criticize. Assume good faith.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
by thomasuebel | 2025-09-27 10:46:07+00:00
Was impacted by invalid ASIN pop up. Got fed up finally. Sold my kindle paperwhite via classifieds to someone who would embrace the Amazon walled garden (so someone new e-reading). Then bought a pocketbook. Now all my ebooks work again. And no waste. I use beam ebooks for drm free books. Bought all my Expanse books there.
by ezst | 2025-09-27 10:46:44+00:00
> I wish it were easier to be a Synapse admin! It seems like all server updates are focused on scaling matrix.org and the little guys that provide network diversity are not really being considered a priority.

Matrix is a product of venture capital and the growth at all cost culture, the absurd price to play (reqs to federate with the canonical matrix.org server) made it clear from the get go. If you have your users managed externally, you could probably have a shot at setting-up an XMPP server alongside Synapse, for a tenth of the hassle and resources consumption, and see for yourself if that's an acceptable plan B.
by gucci-on-fleek | 2025-09-27 10:46:44+00:00
> HTML with MathML may make a decent system as well

HTML is fine to write by hand (especially when you take advantage of tag omission [0]), but I can't imagine handwriting MathML, since even simple equations need lots of tags [1].

[0]: https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/syntax.html#syntax-ta...

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML#Presentation_and_semant...
by Eikon | 2025-09-27 10:47:26+00:00
I use Foyer in-memory (not hybrid) in ZeroFS [0] and had a great experience with it.

The only quirk I’ve experienced is that in-memory and hybrid modes don’t share the same invalidation behavior. In hybrid mode, there’s no way to await a value being actually discarded after deletion, while in-memory mode shows immediate deletion.

[0] https://github.com/Barre/ZeroFS
by frumiousirc | 2025-09-27 10:48:06+00:00
The prompt was:

> Give me a Python function that takes a string holding text in Markdown markup syntax and that uses regular expressions to replace any Markdown markup codes for bold, italics and underline with their ANSI equivalent.

BTW, your solution will produce bad output. Markdown's "bold" etc markup comes in pairs of markers and your simple replacement will match singlets.
by jspdown | 2025-09-27 10:48:58+00:00
Traefik maintainer here.

Documentation quality has been a common complaint. Previously, we only provided reference documentation and relied on the community to create tutorials and guides.

Based on feedback like yours, we've completed documentation rewrite. Have you had a chance to review the new version? Your feedback is taken very seriously, so we'd greatly value your thoughts on these improvements.
Show HN: You Can Open Suspicious Links Safely
by mr_mhmd_almalki | 2025-09-27 10:48:59+00:00
I made a website to make able to open suspicious links safely,

You can open the "suspicious link" by putting it on the website, and behind the scenes on the server, there is a VM (Virtual Machine) that contains Chromium, and an API that will receive your "suspicious link" and open it in a thread using Chromium.

What result will I receive ?: You get the downloaded files that are downloaded when you open the link. Also, it takes a screenshot of the page behind that link to be able to see what it looks like, and it will give you the requests made by that link when it was opened.

https://linksray.com/

Try it and tell me your feedback .
by TRiG_Ireland | 2025-09-27 10:50:12+00:00
I've been using Typst to create some good-looking agendas for my Toastmasters club. [1] I've found it a lot of fun, and have received a fair few compliments.

[1]: https://typst.app/project/rmyyeU17y51rl6ISSqGji9
by gucci-on-fleek | 2025-09-27 10:50:22+00:00
> it's an interesting and recurring problem of how to dislodge existing sub-optimal (sometimes even harmful) standards and notations.

> Almost nobody wants to learn something new when they already know something similar.

There are lots of people (myself included) who genuinely like LaTeX, so it's not just inertia preventing people from switching (although that is definitely a significant factor).
by rollcat | 2025-09-27 10:51:09+00:00
Context: I've been daily driving an Ergodox since 2019.

> And I hated having to learn layers and layouts. Besides I have a real job and I use a proper IDE so I need my F keys, I like to use the Home/End/Page Up+Down keys, I learned to use the numpad efficiently, etc.

Personally, I find that a layer key is little different from a standard modifier key such as Cmd, Alt, etc. Yep, it's one more thing to learn, but IMHO it's worth learning: on macOS, you can use Cmd+arrow to move around text pretty much the same way H/E/Pu/Pd works, but with Mod+arrow, you can just transfer this muscle memory to other systems.

I agree with the lack of F-keys, this is a stupid trend that caught early on, and now no designer seems to be willing to challenge it. I have a different reason though (I prefer Cmd+R or similar to Recompile/Run/etc), and it's games. This is my StarCraft 2 layout: <https://www.keyboard-layout-editor.com/#/gists/8b8dcd36c0abc...>

SC2 is insanely demanding on your raw mechanics, and adding a layer is unquestionably a Bad Idea. For many commands (production, upgrades, some spells), modal input is hardcoded into the engine.

The layout I built is much more optimized than standard hotkeys, but the lack of F-keys is brutal and hindering (esp. for Zerg). Regardless, I've improved A LOT with this layout - which makes me think, how you make it work for you is more important than the shape of it.

> I'm working with comfortable 30-40 wpm and am still one of the most prolific and productive engineers at $work, typing speed is not important for many jobs.

The design goal was never to increase speed (that's mostly mechanics), but to allow a more comfortable posture.

> I would like to continue be able to use regular keyboards efficiently and with little annoyance. Too often I'm traveling and stuck with the laptop keyboard.

Again subjective, but I have zero problems switching between ortholinear and staggered.

> Use defaults.

Disagree (: most defaults suck. Best case, they're opinionated but thoughtful. A consensus is a compromise - always questionable. Worst: "we're now just stuck with it". These all suck, because they're someone else's opinion. And it's in your right to disagree.
by Arathorn | 2025-09-27 10:52:22+00:00
Matrix has/had a great archiver at https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-viewer - but it fell foul of the bizarre failure mode that folks who had explicitly set their rooms to be archivable had subsequently forgotten that they had, and then went absolutely berserk when they discovered their rooms having been archived: https://matrix.org/blog/2023/07/what-happened-with-the-archi.... This was one of the reasons given for libera to turn off the libera<->matrix irc bridge.

At the time we had much bigger problems to deal with, so we shelved it and have yet to get back to it.
by rakoo | 2025-09-27 10:53:48+00:00
The subtext of my comment is that the people doing and pushing for atproto are not building for small networks but for big networks. Yes, technical solutions can be found; the problem is, as usual, not technical but rather social. What kind of organization can build and maintain world-scale indexes ? What kind of people can be in those organizations ? There is very little reason to believe that those intermediaries will not behave the same way intermediaries have always behaved, if we don't also challenge the socio-economico-political system they are developed in. Which developers have an automatic reaction to not do. That's where ActivityPub changes: the social aspect of what it takes for viable communities cannot be evaded. Sometimes with bad consequences though.