MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by iLemming | 2025-09-06 21:47:40+00:00
> Lua, which is much easier to learn/use than Clojure.

As someone who used both, I can certainly argue for that point not being true at all, and in practice it isn't.

Lua's syntax is a mixed bag and even after years dealing with it, I just can't stand how ugly the darn lang is - I just never know how to format it for better readability. Metatables are powerful but conceptually complex; global by default and 1-indexed arrays - who the fuck even thought it was even worthy to call it "an idea" - those are just plain stupid. Nil handling can also get weird.

While Clojure for sure may feel like having a steeper learning curve, once you get past parentheses - it feels so much simpler.
by onlyrealcuzzo | 2025-09-06 21:48:16+00:00
Not all LIDARs are equal. Just because BYD is spending $140 on a LIDAR system does not mean it's the same quality as the Waymo system reported to cost $75k almost a decade ago, or, especially, the same quality as the ones in use today.

They might be!

But I doubt it.

I don't know enough about Tesla's cameras, but it's not implausible to think there are LIDARs of low enough quality that you'd be better off with a good quality camera for your sensor.

Again, I doubt this is the case with BYDs cameras.

But it's still worth pointing out, I think.

My point is, BYD's LIDAR system costing $x is only one small part of the conversation.
by araes | 2025-09-06 21:49:14+00:00
From the add I did over on WP Current Events, based on the June preliminary system test (data from Top 500 https://top500.org/lists/top500/2025/06/):

"It is currently being commissioned and has achieved a preliminary HPL value of 793.4 Petaflop/s on a partial system."

Top 500 Rank: 4 (behind El Capitan, Frontier, and Aurora at the DOE)

System Config: JUPITER Booster - BullSequana XH3000, GH Superchip 72C 3GHz, NVIDIA GH200 Superchip, Quad-Rail NVIDIA InfiniBand NDR200, RedHat Enterprise Linux

Manufacturer: EVIDEN https://eviden.com/solutions/high-performance-computing/hpc-...

Location: EuroHPC/FZJ, Germany https://www.fz-juelich.de/en/ias/jsc/jupiter

Cores: 4,801,344

Rmax (PFlop/s) / Rpeak (PFlop/s): 793.40 / 930.00

Power (kW): 13,088
by jcims | 2025-09-06 21:50:00+00:00
I'm 52 years old and it has been this way since I can remember but for some reason I can't make it not bug me. Any time we have the biggest/oldest/smallest/fastest/etc example of something, it's described without any qualification of seen, known, observed, etc.

For example, this isn't oldest recorded transaction, it's the oldest widely known record of a transaction (probably).

Why does that still bother me? Obviously nobody is saying it's the oldest recorded transaction, right? That would make it the first recorded transaction, and nobody is calling it that.

And here I am likely triggering your own pet peeve of useless comments on HN. xD
by evolve2k | 2025-09-06 21:50:14+00:00
Unhelpful, I’d say avoid these brands until they get their house in order; this is a major scandal and the market should be punishing those who clearly did not cover their basic duty of care when selling products that claimed to offer specific SPF sun protection.

While true there could be a process issue, it’s very clearly incumbent on manufacturers to correctly prepare and test their product before sending it on to consumers and representing that the product has properties that it may indeed not have.

Negligence law covers this well.

It’s why you don’t get poisoned too often when you buy food products not prepared in your own home.
by gitaarik | 2025-09-06 21:51:03+00:00
But, they're changing the meaning of FSD to FSD (Supervised). So that means they don't make any promises for unsupervised FSD in the future anymore. They'll of course say that they keep working on it and that stuff is progressing. But they don't have to deliver anymore. Just like they say to people getting into accidents that they should keep their arms on the wheel or else it's your own responsibility.
by b1c837696ba28b | 2025-09-06 21:53:34+00:00
40-some years ago in L.A. some guys discovered that a Burger King drive-up kiosk was tied to the restaurant with an RF link. It was a simple matter to determine the frequency and modulation mode and program a hand-held transceiver to use the same link. They set up in an adjacent parking lot with a video camera and set about pranking the customers that drove up. The resulting video, titled "Attack on a Burger King" (these guys were video engineers,) was copied all around town by the same studio rats that shared session outtakes, Red's Tube Bar, etc. It ends with an employee coming out, jogging toward the kiosk, while the hackers convince the customer to flee the angry man approaching them. Dunno if it ever made it to streaming.
by divbzero | 2025-09-06 21:53:37+00:00
> The answer: Text.

That was my immediate thought too and led to me wondering: How do you represent BCE dates in ISO 8601?

Apparently ISO 8601 always supports YYYY from 0000 (1 BCE) to 9999 (9999 CE). ISO 8601 can also extend beyond those limits if agreed upon by sender and receiver: e.g. -0001 (2 BCE), -0002 (3 BCE), etc.
by m463 | 2025-09-06 21:53:51+00:00
I remember reading that some policemen set up a recycling center, and basically 100% of the metal taken in was stolen in some way.

https://www.wired.com/2008/01/drugs-guns-remo/

""Of the 278 people who came in to the store, only two people had (items) from a legitimate source,"
by utyop22 | 2025-09-06 21:54:39+00:00
"The problem of being unaware of these things is not theoretical - anyone with deep knowledge of a subject will tell you that as soon as you go beyond the surface level of a topic, LLMs begin to spout nonsense"

I've tested this in a wide range of topics across corporate finance, valuation, economics and so on and yes once you go one or two levels deep it starts spouting total nonsense. If you ask it to define terms succintly and simply it cannot. Why? Because the data that been fed into the model is from people who cannot do it themselves lol.

The experts, will remain experts.

Most people I would argue have surface level knowledge so they are easily impressed and don't get it because A) they don't go deep B) They don't know what it means to go thoroughly deep in a subject area.
by Dylan16807 | 2025-09-06 21:56:03+00:00
DDR1 and DDR2 were clocked 20x and 10x slower than DDR5. The CPU cores we have now are faster but not that much faster, and with the typical user having 8 or fewer performance cores 128 bits of memory width has stayed a good balance.

If you need a lot of memory bandwidth, workstation boards have DDR5 at 256-512 bits wide. Apple Silicon supports that range on Pro and Max, and Ultra is 1024.

(I'm using bits instead of channels because channels/subchannels can be 16 or 32 or 64 bits wide.)
by kelnos | 2025-09-06 21:56:13+00:00
Abuse and misuse of opiates is the key problem though. "Just don't abuse them" isn't a solution. As far as I understand, ibuprofen and acetaminophen are not addictive, while opiates are.

Opiates are only the best option if we ignore addiction, but we can't seriously do that.

AFAICT, I don't tend toward addiction, but I would much prefer ibuprofen or acetaminophen over opiates; I know that I can use those responsibly and not overdose and damage my gut or my liver, but I don't have the same confidence toward opiates. Not to mention I can't get opiates without a prescription, while the others are available OTC. I'm not going to go to the doctor to get an opiates script just for a headache or minor-injury pain.

I've been prescribed codeine before after minor surgery, and I was fine from the not-getting-addicted perspective, but wow does that drug mess with your brain. Sure, I'm not going to deprive myself of an effective painkiller when I really need it, but I'd rather not be in a fuzzy mental state if the pain is manageable with something else.
by LexiMax | 2025-09-06 21:57:22+00:00
> Unfortunately, AFAICT most people end up rolling their own exporters.

Aside from the closed-source NVIDIA texture tool, I'm also aware of AMD's Compressonator, and Microsoft's DirectXTex implementation of texconv. Intel also used to maintain the ISPC texture compressor, but afaik it's also abandoned.
by robocat | 2025-09-06 21:57:57+00:00
Humans have been refining their gibberish for centuries.

I admire your idealism that "the real thing" is coherently different from good gibberish. The poisoned version of the same article is great: https://heydonworks.com/nonsense/poisoning-well/ (I love me some surrealism so gibberish is something I sometimes choose to input into my own model in my head).

The scary part of AI is that it shows how crappy most of the training material is.
by amarcheschi | 2025-09-06 21:59:35+00:00
At least in Tuscany - where there is a cluster of geothermal power plants creating 1/3 of the region electricity (it should reach 40% in a few years) - they had to invent special filters to lower the emission of mercury and hydrogen sulfide https://www.enelgreenpower.com/stories/articles/2024/10/geot...

I don't know if it's "no footprint" at all. For what I know, which is not much, but just what a person living here might know, there's a footprint that can be somehow managed. But I'm not an engineer
by wnoise | 2025-09-06 21:59:37+00:00
They didn't. Pure lambda calculus would have been "a function that when applied to a number encoded as a function, extracts that value".

They did it essentially as a linked list, C-strings, or UTF-8 characters: "current data, and is there more (next pointer, non-null byte, continuation bit set)?" They also noted that it could have this semantics without necessarily following this implementation encoding, though that seems like a dodge to me; length-prefixed array is a perfectly fine primitive to have, and shouldn't be inferred from something that can map to it.
by aDyslecticCrow | 2025-09-06 21:59:57+00:00
I'm not quite sure about that. The earths core should generate the same amount of heat (through gravitational friction and radioactive decay) regardless if we tap it or not. If the heat didn't escape somehow already it would slowly get hotter.

Whaste heat from nuclear or fusion does contribute to earth heating, though insignificant compared to any source pf c02.

But my intuition tells me geothermal wouldn't...

Mm. Actually, water vapor is a potent greenhouse gas; and that's how to covert heat to energy. So mabie it would indeed be significant.
by themaninthedark | 2025-09-06 22:00:08+00:00
I think the material that claims the Japanese leadership didn't know what atomic bombs were is some revisionist's attempt to paint the actions and decisions of the time in a bad light. Fortunately, the emperor referenced atomic bombs in his surrender speech so it is fairly clear.

"Furthermore, the enemy has begun to employ a new and cruel bomb, causing immense and indiscriminate destruction, the extent of which is beyond all estimation."

Japan had no idea how many bombs we had and part of the strategy of using them in quick succession was to give the perception that we hod more than we did. It seems like Tokyo was going to be the next target:

Truman had ordered a halt to atomic bombings on 10 August, upon receiving news that another bomb would be ready for use against Japan in about a week. He told his cabinet that he could not stand the thought of killing "all those kids". By 14 August, however, Truman remarked "sadly" to the British ambassador that "he now had no alternative but to order an atomic bomb dropped on Tokyo", as some of his military staff had been advocating.
by jeroenhd | 2025-09-06 22:00:12+00:00
They heard back from the company alright, they DMCA'd the post: https://infosec.exchange/@bobdahacker/115158347003096276

The screenshot of the email lacks detail so I don't know what part of the DMCA the author breached here, but this feels a lot like your standard DMCA abuse.

This AI generated takedown was funded in part by a Y-Combinator: https://cyble.com/press/cyble-recognized-among-ai-startups-f...
by iLemming | 2025-09-06 22:00:55+00:00
> why not just use Lua?

Because there isn't "true" REPL. Non-homoiconic languages don't have the same kind of REPLs, because every step in them - Read, Eval, Print and Loop have slightly different semantics.

I just wrote my Hyprland config in babashka - native Clojure scripting engine. Once I build a socket management function that connects me to hyprctl, I was able to do the rest from within my editor connected to the REPL. I would write (hypr-cmd :clients), eval it, get the list of windows in my WM, and then filter, group, sort, etc. It is so much nicer to build things "from within", most people who never experienced that, wouldn't get it.

I'm running my WM and fully controlling it by writing code and executing it in-place, from the editor running in that same WM - without saving the code, without compiling it, without restarting the WM or my editor. I'm programming my shit as if I'm playing a video game. If I was a game developer, for sure, I would stick to the same mentality - why the heck work on a game, if I can build it by playing?
by theteapot | 2025-09-06 22:01:08+00:00
> The CHOICE study[0] suggest that some brands do have some good "models" of sunscreen, but some are bad.

For reference, the results were:

Ultra Violette Lean Screen SPF 50+ Mattifying Zinc Skinscreen 4 Cancer Council Ultra Sunscreen 50+ 24 Neutrogena Sheer Zinc Dry-Touch Lotion SPF 50 24 Aldi Ombra 50+ 26 Bondi Sands SPF 50+ Zinc Mineral Body Lotion 26 Cancer Council Everyday Value Sunscreen 50 27 Woolworths Sunscreen Everyday Tube SPF 50+ 27 Banana Boat Baby Zinc Sunscreen Lotion SPF 50+ 28 Bondi Sands SPF 50+ Fragrance Free Sunscreen 32 Cancer Council Kids Clear Zinc 50+ 33 Banana Boat Sport Sunscreen Lotion SPF 50+ 35 Invisible Zinc Face + Body Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50 38 Nivea Sun Protect and Moisture Lock SPF 50+ Sunscreen 40 Sun Bum Premium Moisturising Sunscreen Lotion 50+ 40 Nivea Sun Kids Ultra Protect and Play Sunscreen Lotion SPF 50+ 41 Coles SPF 50+ Sunscreen Ultra Tube 43 Mecca Cosmetica To Save Body SPF 50+ Hydrating Sunscreen 51 Cancer Council Kids Sunscreen SPF 50+ 52 Neutrogena Ultra Sheer Body Lotion SPF 50 56 La Roche-Posay Anthelios Wet Skin Sunscreen 50+ 72

> It's also possible that there's a process issue at the manufacturers, and the quality of different lots can vary

If you read the article, that variable test result was provided by Ultra Violette themselves. Choice tested it three times with three different independent testers and got results of 4,5,5. It's possible Ultra Violette is just trying to muddy the waters here.
by ninkendo | 2025-09-06 22:01:33+00:00
> I will say that programmers very often have bad instincts for when that's a bad idea

True that. memcpy is basically the literal fastest thing your processor can do, it’s trivially pipelined and can be done asynchronously.

If the alternative is heap storage you’re almost always cooked: that heap space is far less likely to be in L1 cache, allocating it takes time and requires walking a free list, dealing with memory fragmentation, freeing it when dropped, etc.

It’s not a bad short-hand to think of the heap as being 10-100x slower than the stack.
by LexiMax | 2025-09-06 22:02:37+00:00
This sort of batch asset conversion can be pretty easily automated with some combination of scripting and/or makefile.

Taking the time to learn about these sorts of compression methods is well worth it, as once you start loading assets of any appreciable scale or number, the savings in asset loading times can add up to be significant, turning what might have been a noticable jarring pause or stutter into something much less noticable.

Think about it, with hardware texture formats, not only are you not having to decode the PNG on the CPU, but you're also literally uploading less data to the GPU overall, since it can be transferred in a compressed form.
by timbit42 | 2025-09-06 22:02:59+00:00
C++ killed Modula-2. Modula-2 was never as popular as Pascal had been and I suspect the fact it was descended from Pascal tainted it as a non-serious low-level systems language, although it was all that. Pascal was beaten by C so any descendant of Pascal was going to get killed by C++. Small binaries and speed was more important than safety in those days.
Show HN: Generate Next.js/React Tailwind blocks from a screenshots
by Rapid-ui | 2025-09-06 22:03:48+00:00
Hey everyone!

I’ve been building side projects alongside my full-time job, and it’s always been difficult to find time — especially when I had to build the UI from scratch every time. So that’s why I built Rapid-UI: to help myself and other founders generate Tailwind CSS blocks quickly and launch projects faster.

The goal is simple — spend less time on repetitive UI work, and more time bringing ideas to life. I’d love your feedback! (I’m shipping fresh blocks every day to expand the library.)
by thechao | 2025-09-06 22:04:10+00:00
TaPL really falls down when trying to bootstrap your way to understanding the notation. A lot of the notation and theory revolves around, essentially, implementing a concurrent virtual machine. I like the original algorithm W paper because it doesn't gloss this conceptual step: it is very much a virtual machine & you can see the authors handling the edge cases. The operational semantics in TaPL are (frankly) obtuse. Also, TaPL makes it seem like new features can be desugared to old features — and they can — but a little more prose explaining the feature's behavior directly without just tossing you into the semantic deep end would've made a much nicer text.
by lazide | 2025-09-06 22:04:17+00:00
They didn’t say home geothermal, they said home heatpumps. In that setup, the earth is not an energy source, just a very massive source of thermal inertia. They are not the same thing.

‘home geothermal’ isn’t really a thing unless you’re already living on a hotspring, which is quite unusual. (delta-v is not sufficient)

At the point someone is drilling km+ boreholes and installing MW+ turbines, it’s safe to call it commercial.
by reactordev | 2025-09-06 22:04:51+00:00
BS, Blender exports KTX2, your engine supports KTX2, Gimp exports DDS/KTX2, Substance Painter exports DDS/KTX2, three.js has a KTX2 converter.

Using image formats for texture formats is amateur game development. PNG’s are fine for icons or UI or while you’re still trying to figure out what you’re doing. Once you know, you switch to a faster, no translation required, texture formats that load faster, support physical layers, compression, and are already in BGRA format.
by moduspol | 2025-09-06 22:05:24+00:00
> Nobody should be making policy on this yet

Maybe we should. We're talking about pregnant women and autism, along with taking a different painkiller. And if the theory is wrong, it'll only take a few years to find out, presumably.

For people who don't have children: most medical advice regarding pregnant women and infants is overwhelmingly cautious and errs on the side of, "if we don't have enough studies confirming it's 100% safe, it's better to stick to the less questionably safe way." I'm not sure why this would be any different.
by lajy | 2025-09-06 22:05:30+00:00
Heat pump != Geothermal energy generation, or any energy generation at that

Home geothermal /could/ be a power source, sure, but I do not believe that’s what OP intended to say when mentioning heat pumps. I’d be pretty surprised if it was becoming common in Europe to have home geothermal

A heat pump (which are more common in Europe, but they’re gaining popularity in the US) is essentially a reversible air conditioner that can take advantage of the latent energy in the air to move heat very efficiently. They’re a great invention, but they have nothing to do with producing energy
by tremon | 2025-09-06 22:06:04+00:00
> The dump also revealed reliance on GitHub repositories known for offensive tooling. TitanLdr, minbeacon, Blacklotus, and CobaltStrike-Auto-Keystore were all cloned or referenced in command logs.

What's the rationale for allowing the development of offensive tooling on github? Is this a free-speech thing, or are these repositories relevant for scientific research in some way?
Show HN: Two-way AI TV with light OS, built-in capture card, no tracking
by hashem19 | 2025-09-06 22:06:09+00:00
been frustrated with tvs: slow, ad-tracking, one-way. i want a tv that’s actually smart: light os, real 2-way comms (mic+cam), built-in streaming. not another ai gadget (r1/humane vibes). aiming to be a useful voice-ai gateway over time. Our tv: practical ai (incl. a simple “yapping” feature), built-in hdmi capture card (yuan) for twitch / kick, camera + remote. prototype almost done; the esp32 7" remote has been the hardest part. current proto runs a light tv os; mini-pc-like with system tweaks. target: first 100 units in feb 2026. moved to sf last year & building at 39. feedback welcome (please).

web os demo: https://skriin.com

pre-order: https://skriin.tv
by utyop22 | 2025-09-06 22:06:20+00:00
Sundar, Cook etc are living off the foundations laid by prior founders / CEOs.

I'll give Cook a lot of respect since he knows supply chains and manufacturing in particular deeply and that's really been his job post Steve Jobs.

But what value does Sundar or Satya add, really? I've not heard a single super insightful comment come out of their mouths. You could replace them and not notice a difference in financial performance.
by hilbert42 | 2025-09-06 22:06:28+00:00
"Yet it is wrong for a government to deny the people to access foreign services over the Internet when they want."

It would be wrong to deny access if there was no good reason to do so. However, if those foreign services are (a) harming citizens of a sovereign country and or (b) they act in ways that violate laws of that country then its government has every right to take action against said services, and one of the few means available is to block access to them.

As those services are outside the jurisdiction of the country it cannot take action to stop them other than to ban them from the country—they can do that because they have jurisdiction within their own country.

If a citizen of that country wishes to use those foreign (banned) services then he/she can do so as long as he/she moves outside the country to a jurisdiction where those foreign services are deemed to act in a legal manner.

Banning access to foreign services within the jurisdiction of a country is not the same as banning freedom of movement (to leave the country, etc.).

By you insisting that citizens ought to have a right to access foreign services from within their country would mean that you would automatically deny that country the right to protect its citizens from harm from that foreign service—for if everyone had access the government could not protect its citizens. QED! That's nonsense, that's not how the laws of countries work.

The other way of reading your point is that you consider that those foreign services cause no harm. There's solid evidence that these services are causing harm, it thus follows that a country has a right and a duty to protect its citizens therefrom.

The crux of this debate is about granularity—how much harm do these foreign services inflict on a country, and of course every country has a different value system which leads each to implement different rules.