MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by flanked-evergl | 2025-09-26 07:04:56+00:00
Thank you for sharing this, I was unaware of this and it does seem very promising. I hope that the JEP gets done soon.

As this is, in fact, tacked on, I guess you don't really get much benefit unless you rewrite all your code with these still non-standard annotations.

It does not seem like pointing JSpecify at a standard spring boot codebase will do anything for you. Whereas pointing Mypy to a standard Python codebase will type hints that conform to the language spec will do something for you, as null safety is not tacked on but baked in for python type hints.

Also, the syntax seems awkward and clunky as heck, but I guess for something as essential as null safety it's worth it.

---

From JSpecify, I found the Checker Framework, which also seems really interesting and seems like it supports checking for more types of annotations than just JSpecify annotations. https://checkerframework.org/
by secult | 2025-09-26 07:05:23+00:00
I believe he wasn't even thinking about duplication of applications per person, but the following scenario. Correct me if I'm wrong: Company A would like to hire 1000 qualified IT personnel. An Indian workforce provider has e.g. 10000 qualified people and would be able to get 5000 of them to apply for the visa. From those that win the lottery (e.g. 1 in 3) you would easily cover the demand of the Company A. Economy of scale works here.
by p_l | 2025-09-26 07:05:25+00:00
It's only a rampant layering violation if you mandate the use of external layers like Linux device mapper as the only allowed way... Or you haven't actually read through the code and assume based on external user interface.

No, ZFS is not "monolithic".

It's just that on the outside you have a well integrated user interface that does not expose you to SPA (block layer), ZIO (IO layer, that one is a bit intersectional but still a component others call), DMU (object storage), and finally ZVOL (block storage emulated over DMU) and ZPL (POSIX-compatible filesystem on top of DMU) or Lustre-ZFS (Lustre metadata and object stores implented on top of DMU). There are also a few utility components that are effectively libraries (AVL trees, key-value data serialization library, etc)
by noduerme | 2025-09-26 07:05:28+00:00
Sorry, I have only browsed this on my phone and haven't looked at the structure at all..I mean the whole text of the page that says "Brutalita is an experimental font..."

I can select the text from this and copy it. When you say that the text area is invisible... you mean it's not display:none or hidden... it's the color of the background and still selectable but it's covered with white SVG glyphs? Hah... if that's what I'm understanding it's a very funny trick!
by cmurf | 2025-09-26 07:06:04+00:00
> Basically, btrfs appears to be not fit for purpose. The entire point of such a filesystem is that it should be able to run in adverse environments (like faulty hardware) and be tolerant to errors. It should always be possible to repair such a filesystem back to a canonical state.

Pretty sure all file systems and their developers are unsurprised by file system corruption occurring on bad hardware.

There are also drives that report successful flush and fua, but the expected (meta)data is not yet on stable media. That results in out of order writes. There's no consequence unless there's a badly timed crash or power failure. In that case there's out of order writes and possibly dropped writes (what was left in the write cache).

File system developers have told me that their designs do not account for drives miscommunicating flush/fua succeeding when it hasn't. This is like operating under nobarrier some of the time.

Overwriting file systems' metadata have fixed locations, therefore quite a lot of assumptions can be made during repair about what should be there, inferring it from metadata in other locations.

Btrfs has no fixed locations for metadata. This leads to unique flexibility, and repair difficulty. Flexible: Being able to convert between different block group profiles (single, dup, and all the raids), and run on unequal sized drives, and conversion from any file system anybody wants to write the code for - because only the per device super blocks have fixed locations. Everything else can be written anywhere else. But the repair utility can't make many assumptions. And if the story told by the metadata that is present, isn't consistent, the repair necessarily must fail.

With Btrfs the first step is read-only rescue mount, which uses backup roots to find a valid root tree, and also the ability to ignore damaged trees. This read-only mount is often enough to extract important data that hasn't been (recently) backed up.

Since moving to Btrfs by default in Fedora almost 10 releases ago, we haven't seen more file system problems. One problem we do see more often is evidence of memory bitflips. This makes some sense because the file system metadata isn't nearly as big a target as data. And since both metadata and data are checksummed, Btrfs is more likely to detect such issues.
by pjmlp | 2025-09-26 07:07:20+00:00
I am one of those people, and I think that it only failed because AMD had the possible to turn the tables on Intel, to use the article's title.

Without AMD64, I firmly believe eventually Itanium would have been the new world no matter what.

We see this all the time, technology that could be great but fails due to not being pushed hard enough, and other similar technology that does indeed succeed because the creators are willing push it at a loss during several years until it finally becomes the new way.
by 1718627440 | 2025-09-26 07:07:24+00:00
Why? How do you define violence? Harming people? Insults and false accusations can have much greater harm to a life then a broken leg.

> violence because then words quickly become a justification for violence

When you don't have a way to fight back and make something stop, without resorting to physical aggression, then your only way is to punch back. When the legal system allows you to fight back, then you can walk away, knowing you can call your lawyer or the police.
by username332211 | 2025-09-26 07:08:51+00:00
> It doesn't feel like blockchain at all. Blockchain is probably the most useless technology ever invented (unless you're a criminal or an influencer who makes ungodly amounts of money off of suckers).

Given the prevailing trend of virtually all modern governments in the developed world that seems to be rather short-sighted. Who knows, if you won't be made a criminal for dissenting? Or for trying to keep your communication private?
by psychoslave | 2025-09-26 07:09:01+00:00
Paul Graham might appreciate this passage extracted from La nigra rubando kaj la ruĝa rubando by Lidja Zamenhof, Jewish Polish writer, publisher, translator, active promoter of Esperanto and Homaranismo, and the youngest daughter of Klara Silbernik and L. L. Zamenhof, the founder of Esperanto. She was murdered at the Treblinka extermination camp during the Holocaust in 1942 (aged 37–38).
by gethly | 2025-09-26 07:10:28+00:00
> This perfectly captures why code reviews by someone who didn't write the original are so valuable. You can't unsee your own assumptions.

It's not just that. It's anything creative, really. It can be a tech startup, it can be a book... you name it. The thing is that creators become blinded by their own perception as they lose the ability to see flaws.

The longer they work on a thing, the less they are able to understand that other people might not understand a lot of things. I experienced it myself few times with my coding projects. It's actually quite bad as you just cannot fix a problem as you do not see it. Even if someone points it out to you, it takes quite some time to admit it is a problem.

This is why having teams of people is useful. Single startup founders, game designers, writers... have inherent blind spots in their entire work.
by znpy | 2025-09-26 07:10:46+00:00
> I am sure people understand that H-1B issues are just red herring.

I don't 100% agree. H-1B visa holders, if laid off, have 60 days to find another job or leave the country.

This means they have much much lower negotiation power and will likely try and avoid at all cost being laid off, and will accept worse condition to stay in the US.

This is a detriment to the whole working class, because:

- US workers are now competing with other workers that will accept worse condition

- US companies can leverage H-1B workers as leverage against the negotiation power of US workers

I've seen this with my own eyes. When my previous employer announced forced RTO, all holders of the equivalent of H-1B visas just accepted it automatically, because rejecting would have meant (most likely) getting out of the country.

And the company was able to easily let go (or accept the resignation of) workers with stronger rights.

An over-supply of workers just weakens labor power, it's basic supply&demand reasoning: it's crazy that people don't realize that open borders and unchecked immigration is the most anti-worker thing one could do.
by p_l | 2025-09-26 07:10:52+00:00
This was done as part of major UI/UX reshaping in Solaris 10 to make sysadmin lives easier, what it ultimately does is... Edits exports file..

ZFS and ZPOOL tools provide accesses to multiple different subsystems in ways that make more sense to end user, a lot like LVM and LUKS do on top of device mapper these days
by aprilthird2021 | 2025-09-26 07:11:10+00:00
I'm not mistaken. For an average person, they need to:

1. Understand how to use the technology and onboard onto it. In this case the technology is whichever blockchain and cryptocurrency.

2. Convert their money into the cryptocurrency. For this they need an exchange.

Then they can send money to others who also went through those steps.

Thus, there must be some kind of interaction with documentation made by devs for step 1 and a transfer of currency to an exchange for step 2. 2 middlemen/intermediaries.
by asdfbank | 2025-09-26 07:11:34+00:00
I love this "local first" focus, which for me translates into "relevant first". My app Plantshare (posted about it in this HN post) is not very useful if you're the only user for 40km around, but I've seen local pockets of signups that gain momentum and are then useful in that locality and the users make local connections.

I think the biggest hurdle for this would be to gain traffic in place of an existing entrenched local Facebook group or similar.
by cjfd | 2025-09-26 07:11:52+00:00
I would suggest just adding proof irrelevance as an axiom to the theory. This also makes subtypes more convenient. I.e., if one has a set S and a property P: S -> Prop, the subset of S where the property is satisfied, in coq notation,

{ s: S, P s },

has with proof irrelevance automatically as many elements as there are elements in S that satisfy P. Without proof irrelevance one often finds oneself proving proof irrelevance for specific propositions that are needed for subtypes or even changing the definition of P such that proof irrelevance becomes provable.
by mrob | 2025-09-26 07:12:11+00:00
A real constitution is not a vague collection of traditions. Every other country understands "constitution" to mean a written document. A collection of traditions cannot meet the primary aim of a constitution, which is granting people clear and unambiguous rights.

Furthermore, a constitution is generally more difficult to change than a law. The Human Rights Act can be repealed by a simple majority of MPs voting to repeal it.
by wraptile | 2025-09-26 07:12:40+00:00
other licenses being more sane doesn't imply MIT is _insane_ per se. It's just not a very sane option for cooperation and has a very real posibility of driving someone insane. Imagine working on redoxos for years with your friends and then Microsoft takes your work, rebrands it as Windows 19, completely steals all of the market from you and silences you through legal pressure without even crediting your work. All of this is very much possible and similar scenarios have happened before.

MIT is for education not cooperation.
by gethly | 2025-09-26 07:13:29+00:00
What is all the fuss about? In the ancient times, you put your entry into the database(ANY database), either with TTL or cache tags, and have a cron job that periodically flushes the table. Then in your application you check if you have the entry cached in memory, if not, you check the db entry, if it is not there you build it from scratch and cache it.

Why do people complicate things? We've solved caching ages ago.
by scotty79 | 2025-09-26 07:13:44+00:00
> Now you shifted the goalposts from "The only right of the physical world is might." - so you can't even be consistent with your own positions.

I was just trying to get through your confusion and reach thinking part of your brain. I repeatedly failed.

> It should be pretty obvious that an evil person or someone with a repellent ideology's claims on morality are invalid

You are so deep in your confused morality that you didn't even notice I made no moral claims except for "Being a realist doesn't make someone evil".

"The only right of the physical world is might." is not a moral claim same way "Acceleration due to gravity is indistinguishable from any other acceleration" is not. It's a factual claim. The fact that it's more vague and general and uses the word "right" doesn't turn it into a moral claim.

> The "might is right" ideology means that you believe that every tyrant, like Mao and Hitler and Stalin and Mussolini, was justified in their genocides and war crimes, because they were powerful enough to effect them, and therefore morally right by definition.

Again you are so confused that you can't tell apart narrative from a factual state. Saying that Mao had was justified because he had might is a moral claim (a wrong one) and is of no interest to me.

What I'm saying is that the only reason Mao could have awarded any rights to himself, his enforcers or his victims was because he had might. In this aspect he doesn't differ from any post WWII president of US. If you don't have might you are not the one who can create and award rights. Not in the real world. It has nothing to do with morality. Morality comes later to evaluate how benevolently the entity with might used its right to create further rights for themselves and others.

> My only goal is to convince future HN readers that that idea is evil, and that therefore your assertions are invalid, and I think I've succeeded at that, given the downvotes on your other comments [...]

Sorry to interrupt your victory lap, but not a single of my comments, on the path between the first one I made and this one, has karma below 1 at this moment. Even in theory, all you did was basically use ad hominem "you are evil" to declare my points invalid.

I had no goal in this thread other than being understood by you and I failed. If that makes you a winner, I don't really care.

> Feel free to continue digging yourself a hole for future readers, if you wish

I think it's plain to see which side tried to make arguments and which started and ended by flinging accusations of immorality, greed, envy and resentment and pretty much avoided the point altogether.
by arrowsmith | 2025-09-26 07:13:55+00:00
On paper, the punishment for hiring illegal labour is £45k per worker for the first offence and up to £60k for repeat offences[0]. That's enough to ruin a small business.

Whether or not these laws are actually enforced is another matter. [Insert obligatory reference to Turkish barbershops]. But I've been asked to show ID at every job I've ever had, so companies obviously care about it even if the risk is low.

[0] source: https://www.irwinmitchell.com/news-and-insights/expert-comme...
by pjmlp | 2025-09-26 07:14:13+00:00
In Portugal it gets even worse, because many landlords still ask for a guarantor willing to take responsability over the rent.

My experience in a few European countries was also circular, the only thing that helped was that I could use the work contract and a letter from HR to break the cycle, however this naturally only works when the job is already secure before coming into the country.
by avhon1 | 2025-09-26 07:14:16+00:00
I'm not sure how you're getting that from this.

> In early 1903, Samuel Langley attempted to launch his tandem monoplane from a catapult, but it crashed after its frail wooden structure failed catastrophically.

> By the end of 1907, the Wright brothers had successfully flown several other versions of their original Flyer, a biplane type more strongly built

After the introductory history, the rest of the article is a relatively straightforward overview/introduction to the engineering involved in making airplanes strong enough to fly.
by Al-Khwarizmi | 2025-09-26 07:15:06+00:00
And yet my smart speakers with the Google assistant still default to a dumb model from the pre-LLM era (although my phone's version of the assistant does call Gemini). I wonder why that is, as it would be an obvious place to integrate Gemini. The bar is very very low as anything outside the standard setting alarms, checking the weather, etc. it gets wrong most of the time.
by angulardragon03 | 2025-09-26 07:15:12+00:00
The counterpoint to this is obviously that the requirement to present ID to vote is tantamount to voter suppression - iirc there is no “free” form of ID in the UK.

As an ex-Brit I am also used to carrying an ID and a drivers license, and I’ve always found it quite weird that you can’t get an ID card of any kind that isn’t a full-fledged passport or a drivers license.
by pagei | 2025-09-26 07:15:15+00:00
I am probably totally wrong but to me personally It seems like the loudest voices on tech unemployment come from two camps: - fresh grads with limited experience - seasoned specialists used to high salaries and status. Both groups seem to have a tough time in today's changed market.

While I'm not unemployed, I've followed the layoffs and salary trends. I keep wondering whether holding out for old salary levels is a big reason some people stay on the sidelines. The "golden age" of huge tech compensation feels over, and the market has normalized a lot.

Does long-term unemployment partly come from struggles to reset expectations, especially for those anchored to past highs? It's tough to accept less. I'm already preparing to apply for jobs with much lower pay if it comes to that. It's not great, but shelter and food for my family will always come first.

Curious if others see it the same way.
by luc_ | 2025-09-26 07:15:48+00:00
We're choosing to offload processing that our brain could be doing but we're too lazy to do it or the perceived value for us to do it is. I think there are consequences to this especially as we give the machine free information of how we twist and turn it into actually understanding what we mean.

Interesting to consider that if our first vibecode prompt isn't what we actually want; it can train on how we direct it further.

Offloading human intelligence is useful but... we're losing something.
by al_be_back | 2025-09-26 07:16:00+00:00
> It was always to obviously to make battery life better

I don't think it was about saving battery power. Jobs was smart in convincing people to focus on web stack for apps - Flash was king of rich app experiences, and java [inc applets] for corporate apps. Apps went iOS native batteries got drained in other ways (large video & photos, prolonged use). Just think of the costs, energy and time spent over the next 15 years maintaining multiple code-bases to deliver one service. The web remained open, where as mobile went native and closed-in.
by a_c | 2025-09-26 07:16:12+00:00
I find your article valuable. It shows me what amount of configuration is needed for a reasonable expectation of performance. In real world, I’m not going to spend effort maxing out configuring a single piece of tool. Not being the most performing config on either of the tools is the least of my concern. Picking either of them, or as you suggested, Postgres, and then worry about getting one billion requests to the service is far more important
by noobhacker | 2025-09-26 07:16:26+00:00
It's not basic supply and demand--indeed, most economists are pro immigration. Bryan Caplan went as far as advocating for open border (admittedly he's more libertarian than most).

Labor market is complicated because jobs are not a finite pool that people compete over. New workers are also new consumers, who create new jobs as well. If more workers are always bad for other workers, declining birth rate (ie fewer future workers) would be a good thing.
by general1465 | 2025-09-26 07:16:40+00:00
Which will have unintended consequences, like falling behind competitors, who will use it against Apple as a leverage and slowly push it from European market, which is 26% of Apple's revenue.

Average European is like average American, they are not following these political and corporational dramas, but they can tell that i.e. Samsung has features, while Apple is stale.
by logifail | 2025-09-26 07:16:57+00:00
> Checks in the formal economy are now routine

Someone who is prepared to pay people smugglers to help them cross a border illegally may not choose to restrict themselves to working in "the formal economy".

"Illegal working and streams of taxis - BBC gains rare access inside asylum hotels"

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cwy8ee2w73jo
by nessex | 2025-09-26 07:17:03+00:00
I've got a similar setup with a k3s homelab and a bunch of small projects that need basic data storage and caching. One thing worth considering is that if someone wants to run both redis and postgres, they need to allocate enough memory for both including enough overhead that they don't suddenly OOM.

In that sense, seeing if the latency impact of postgres is tolerable is pretty reasonable. You may be able to get away with postgres putting things on disk (yes, redis can too), and only paying the overhead cost of allocating sufficient excess RAM to one pod rather than two.

But if making tradeoffs like that, for a low-traffic service in a small homelab, I do wonder if you even need a remote cache. It's always worth considering if you can just have the web server keep it's own cache in-memory or even on-disk. If using go like in the article, you'd likely only need a map and a mutex. That'd be an order of magnitude faster, and be even less to manage... Of course it's not persistent, but then neither was Redis (excl. across web server restarts).
by qalmakka | 2025-09-26 07:17:35+00:00
Linux didn't win because it was GPL'd, it won because it was the only real alternative back in '92. The BSDs were all caught up in the moronic SCO lawsuits of the time, otherwise we'd all be using FreeBSD or some other 386BSD variant today instead of Linux. The GPL was a nice bonus but it isn't the real secret sauce that has powered Linux's growth, it was mostly good timing.

That doesn't mean that I'd rather see some form of copyleft in place (like the MPLv2) or at least a licence with some kind of patent protection baked in (like the Apache 2.0), the X11/MIT licences are extremely weak against patent trolls
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-09-26 07:17:38+00:00
> Confiscate the shares. No compensation

This is better than corporate death penalties but still more complicated than fines. Massive fines are the answer.

> Solves the “too big to fail” problem as the company continues to exist, the ceo ends up in jail and the owners end up broke

So do fines and bankruptcy. CEO won’t go to jail, but they’ll spend the rest of their lives fighting shareholder lawsuits. Feed them to the wolves.
by SilverElfin | 2025-09-26 07:17:46+00:00
Hybrid makes no sense. It takes away a major benefit of remote work by forcing everyone to live near an urban center instead of where they want. People can’t opt into being near family or friends or just choosing a different lifestyle (like rural). And for what - certainly no believable productivity benefit. Especially those jobs where you go to an office only to jump on conference calls from the office, when you could do the same at home.