MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by miki123211 | 2025-09-23 15:02:33+00:00
For that to work, you need a device which is online 24/7, always stays on the network, and does not have energy efficiency requirements, which justifiably limit background app activity.

The only (consumer) devices that fulfill these requirements are routers and some smart gadgets, like fridges or smart speakers. None of them are easily programmable to a sufficient degree.

This still doesn't solve the problem of sharing among users on different networks and accessing your data when you're not home.

All these problems are solvable, but they'd require massive coordination among device vendors, and coordination is one of the hardest problems out there.
by lioeters | 2025-09-23 15:03:13+00:00
Thanks for engaging in this discussion and explaining your thoughts. I'm still trying to understand.

> given ciphertext C = A ^ B you can decrypt plaintext A using key B

Right, C ^ B = A, to get back the original.

Already here, it seems to me that C is not pure random noise if A can be recovered from it. C contains the encoded information of A, so it's not random. Is that wrong?

---

> or you can decrypt plaintext D using key E = C ^ D

In this example, isn't E the cyphertext and C is the key? E (cyphertext) = D (original) ^ C (key).

Then E ^ C = D, to get back the original.

Here, it seems to me that E contains the encoded information of D, so it's not random. And C plays the role of a key similar to B, so it's not being decoded as a ciphertext in this case, and nothing is implied whether it's random or not.

> XOR is commutative so for a one-time pad key and ciphertext can be swapped.

Maybe this is what I'm missing. In the second example, I'll swap the ciphertext and key:

C ^ E = D

Hmm, so both C and E are required to recover D the original information. Does that mean that the information was somehow distributed into C and E, so that they are both meaningful data, not random?

---

But what about B in the first example, a key that was supposed to be pure random? If I swap the ciphertext and key:

B ^ C = A

The information in A is recovered from the interaction of both B and C. So the entirety of the information is not in C, the ciphertext (or key in this case).

Does that mean, B is no longer pure noise? When it was used as a key, it became meaningful in relation to A. That's information, isn't it?
by jerf | 2025-09-23 15:03:29+00:00
It's been a while, but I don't recall any of the dotcom startups making deals with nuclear energy companies to buy out entire nuclear power stations: https://www.npr.org/2024/09/20/nx-s1-5120581/three-mile-isla...

And that's just an example, there are many power-related deals of similar magnitude.

The companies building out capacity certainly believe that AI is going to use as much power as we are told. We are told this not on the basis of hypothetical speculation, but on the basis of billions of real dollars being spent on real power capacity for real data centers by real people who'd really rather keep the money in question. Previous hypotheses not backed by billions of dollars are not comparable predictions.
by yardie | 2025-09-23 15:03:48+00:00
> the Ubuntu 24.04 distro is missing from the list, and this is a shame, since this is a board released late 2024. I contacted OrangePi and they mentioned that they would eventually release a 24.04 version, but there was no clear timeline for that.

Pretty much that is where most of these SBCs fall off my list. Without an active OS development its only 1/2 of the puzzle.
by Arnt | 2025-09-23 15:04:16+00:00
Nothing forces the rebound effect to dominate. Computers grow cheaper, we rebound by buying ones with higher capacity, but the overall price still shrinks. I bet the computer you used to post today cost much less than Colossus.

Similarly, nothing forces AI or 5G to use more power than whatever you would have done instead. You can stream films via 5G that you might not have done via 4G, but you might've streamed via WLAN or perhaps cat5 cable instead. The rebound effect doesn't force 5G to use more power than WLAN/GBE. Or more power than driving to a cinema, if you want to compare really widely. The film you stream makes it comparable, not?
by 2THFairy | 2025-09-23 15:04:17+00:00
> Somehow the homeowners almost always win against the renters in this political tug-of-war.

Demographics. Homeowners skew old, which gives them a bunch of advantages in enacting their political power. Higher turnout, baby boom giving them numerical superiority, and the time advantage of being able to enact policy decades ago.

In the US, this is supplemented by matters of race, where because of past redlining policies, "pro-homeowner" policy (esp. suburban single-family-homes) in the last half-century has been a way to primarily benefit white people.
by yerich | 2025-09-23 15:04:33+00:00
A "little indie developer" hasn't been able to write a web browser in several decades. An implementation of 2005-era CSS and JS would be a complex task surely requiring a fairly sizable team to implement.

The fact is, all three major browser implementations are open-source and that has allowed any company to come in and release or embed their own browser with minimal effort. Chrome/Blink is dominant but that is not due to technical barriers that make it difficult for other companies to ship their own browsers. In fact it is now easier than ever to do so.
by larusso | 2025-09-23 15:04:36+00:00
I can’t see myself using this. I have a mental map of my folder structure and am actually proud that I can navigate and type the structure fast enough to move around. I feel that remembering which directory was last and adding some matching overhead is too much for my use case. I also use the zfs history heavily with fzf. And similar to another comment I usually work from same paths, be it a project root or my home directory. In any case I think it’s still valuable to break with the norm and explore other ways of using the shell. This time around it ain’t for me though.
by rangestransform | 2025-09-23 15:04:38+00:00
> What gives the US the right to build enough nuclear weapons that they could destroy the world multiple times over, but Iran cannot?

Already having nuclear weapons, being a superpower and the center of the post-WW2 and post-Cold-War world, being able to fight 2 ground wars simultaneously, etc.

The relationships between countries is governed by nothing other than might makes right, and any seemingly altruistic cooperation between the hegemon and its lessers only occurs because the hegemon benefits more.
by John2022 | 2025-09-23 15:05:02+00:00
I understand the confusion now. What they mean is that you're determining the shape of the mountain top using an equation, and then the skier is skiing along that mountain top according to gravity. But they don't say that.

Instead they say the task is to set path of skier - i.e. how the skier goes down the mountain. But that's not correct - the skier obviously doesn't need to just follow the mountain top. Common sense/reality is the opposite - you rarely just follow a mountain top.

If they'd just said the above, and I think not shown the value of t, it would have been a lot clearer, at least to me.

If in later levels they show formula(s) using gravity, and perhaps show the skier on different planets, with different values of G, then I can see the value in showing the value of t. But as it is, I think it's confusing.
by gryfft | 2025-09-23 15:05:04+00:00
> If we were living in pre-agrarian society you would either be on the "work treadmill" building/maintaining shelter and finding food or you would starve or freeze to death.

It is my understanding that anthropology has shown that the people of prehistoric times cared for their sick, elderly, and infirm.

> "From the very earliest times, we can see evidence that people who were unable to function were helped, looked after and given what care was available."

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/06/17/8788963...
by delfinom | 2025-09-23 15:05:04+00:00
It's likely a "crime-web" service host. They are probably somewhere in Manhattan or Brooklyn to have enough tower cells to handle it (tis the benefits of a dense city for this type of operation). They probably gradually grew it as their crime web demand rose and flew too close to the sun.

It also sounds like they did have multiple locations, but they didn't distribute the modems out enough to flew under the radar longer.
by Hizonner | 2025-09-23 15:05:12+00:00
> Yes, there are potential other uses for a sim box but mostly they are used for VoIP purposes.

So you mean... like, these are the exit points into the "legitimate" telephone network for, say, those random MedAlert scam calls I keep getting from numbers scattered all over North America? Or if not, what does "VoIP" mean here exactly?

Somehow I've missed this entire phenomenon...
by the_snooze | 2025-09-23 15:05:18+00:00
If agents are making value judgments ostensibly on my behalf, why should I trust them to continue to be aligned with my values if in practice they're almost always running on someone else's hardware and being maintained on someone else's budget?

We'd be stupid to ignore the last 15+ years of big tech "democratization"-to-enshittification bait-and-switch.
by slfnflctd | 2025-09-23 15:05:39+00:00
They certainly are when they're poorly trained and not held to proper academic standards.

I've had more than one licensed psychologist attempt to proselytize to me. Granted, my location is part of the problem, but it still should never have happened. There are other, less rigorously trained people you can go to for that kind of thing and they're a dime a dozen. It objectively made things worse for me as some of my most major issues directly involve religion(s) pushed upon me as a child.
by John2022 | 2025-09-23 15:05:54+00:00
I understand the confusion now. What they mean is that you're determining the shape of the mountain top using an equation, and then the skier is skiing along that mountain top according to gravity. But they don't say that. Instead they say the task is to set path of skier - i.e. how the skier goes down the mountain. But that's not correct - the skier obviously doesn't need to just follow the mountain top. Common sense/reality is the opposite - you rarely just follow a mountain top.

If they'd just said the above, and I think not shown the value of t, it would have been a lot clearer, at least to me.

If in later levels they show formula(s) using gravity, and perhaps show the skier on different planets, with different values of G, then I can see the value in showing the value of t. But as it is, I think it's confusing.
by IshKebab | 2025-09-23 15:05:56+00:00
A £20k BYD is going to be a super short range model though. I think models that compete with Tesla are more like £30k, which is still a lot cheaper than Tesla but not quite as crazy as you're saying. Let me check:

Yeah Model 3 base is £40k for claimed 323 miles, or £45 for 436 miles.

BYD Dolphin is £30k for claimed 265 miles. Dolphin Surf (which is a lot smaller than a Model 3) is £19, £22, £24k for 137, 200, 193 miles.

I guess £22k for 200 mile range is not as bad as I was expecting actually. But still you can see why people who can afford it would still buy a Tesla. (Or an equivalent not sold by a twat.)
by AlexandrB | 2025-09-23 15:06:20+00:00
I'm guessing both. I think a lot of people get the ick about forcibly incarcerating people who are addicts or suffering from severe mental health issues[1]. I know I did when I was younger. We've moved to a more voluntary model of "mental health outreach" and the like. But this requires folks with compromised thought processes to regularly make a rational decision to seek help.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinstitutionalisation
by concinds | 2025-09-23 15:06:25+00:00
Your examples have nothing to do with the web, but the author does criticize Google severely for hindering web apps early on to favor Android apps (before mostly changing tack with the rise of ChromeOS). When tech went mainstream in developing countries, it was on mobile, and the native app platform was more capable than the web platform therefore the true "web" didn't take off (even non-app text webpages). The fact remains that Google is the only one trying to fix that, and giving the web a chance to not die and be supplanted by native apps.
by darkwater | 2025-09-23 15:06:49+00:00
I see where you are coming from but YAML anchors are definitely a great and powerful feature that deserves more attention. The other day I was refactoring a broken [1] k8s deployment based on a 3rd-party Helm chart and since I didn't have the time to migrate to a better chart, YAML anchors permitted me to easily reduce YAML duplication, with everything else (Helm, Kustomize, Flux, Kubernetes) completely unaware of anything. Just a standard YAML pattern.

[1] the broken part was due to an ex-coworker that cheated his way out of GitOps and left basically "fake code" committed, and modified by hand (with Lens) the deployment to make it work
by theryangeary | 2025-09-23 15:06:52+00:00
I mostly agree, but you may be interested to know that Zoxide is actually "X, but written in Y". Maybe there's some feature set difference but they are the same concept.

X = https://github.com/rupa/z

Y = Rust

I already mentioned my utility `choose` in another thread but what you are describing was my philosophy in making it. I felt that cut was unintuitive and limited, I saw other people in my workplace having some similar struggles with it, so I created something that is similar but different, not intended by clone it but rather to provide a more suitable alternative.
by Jun8 | 2025-09-23 15:07:02+00:00
Putting aside the questions of (as some comments here have) whether

* AI is a “fucking dud” (you have to be either highly ignorant or trolling to say this) * Altman is a “charlatan” (definitely no but it does look like he has some unsavory personal traits, quite common BTW for people at that level) * the ridiculousness of touting a cancer cure (I guess the post is targeted to the technical hoi polloi, with whom such terminology resonates, but also see protein 3D structure discovery advances)

I found the following to be interesting in this post:

1. Altman clearly signaling affinity for the Abundance bandwagon with a clear reference right in the title. Post is shorter but has the flavor of Marc Andreessen's "It's Time to Build" post from 2020: https://a16z.com/its-time-to-build/

2. He advances the vision of "creat[ing] a factory that can produce a gigawatt of new AI infrastructure every week". This may be called frighteningly ambitious at a minimum: U.S. annual additions have been ~10-20 GW/year for solar builds (https://www.climatecentral.org/report/solar-and-wind-power-2...)
by CuriouslyC | 2025-09-23 15:07:28+00:00
AI coding tools right now are rudimentary, and when used properly they can already massively increase velocity and enable capabilities, and this isn't random boosterism this is based on pushing myself towards 100% AI generated code over the last year, and working to improve my throughput and reduce the error rate of my generated code. The AI coding tools industry is being led by a 23 year old with no software engineering or AI experience, that should tell you something about the hype vs rigor tradeoff that is being made.

Once we collectively start actually engineering AI coding systems rather than trying to surf on vibes their power will become much more apparent to the naysayers who haven't invested the time in the processes and tools.

As for backing it up, if you want to hop on my company github you can check out the spark graphs for my projects, and feel free to poke around the code I've spent time tightening to see that it's not slop (have fun with the async simd rust in valknut/scribe), and keep in mind I have large private projects (>200k) that are active as well. I've probably delivered 400k LoC in the last month with >60% coverage on large codebases, 99.99% AI generated.
by Pannoniae | 2025-09-23 15:07:29+00:00
There's a few explanations for this, and it's not necessarily contradictory.

1. AI doesn't improve productivity and people just have cognitive biases. (logical, but I also don't think it's true from what I know...)

2. AI does improve productivity, but only if you find your own workflow and what tasks it's good for, and many companies try to shoehorn it into things which just don't work for it.

3. AI does improve productivity, but people aren't incentivised to improve their productivity because they don't see returns from it. Hence, they just use it to work less and have the same output.

4. The previous one but instead of working less, they work at a more leisurely pace.

5. AI doesn't improve producivity, people just feel it's more productive because it requires less cognitive effort to use than actually doing the task.

Any of these is plausible, yet they have massively different underlying explanations.... studies don't really show why that's the case. I personally think it's mostly 2. and 3., but it could really be any of these.
by potato3732842 | 2025-09-23 15:07:31+00:00
Forcing things to go through the full ass reaming of the "everything else" process rather than whatever less terrible process was written to make some "supported" thing streamlined enough to not cause uproar.

The purpose of the system is what it does. They don't want to make doing "bad" things easy so they let your only option be through the same absurd catch-all process.
by 2THFairy | 2025-09-23 15:07:46+00:00
> No one wants to admit this point so we keep arguing about whether we want to leave addicts to die in the street or in a crowded crack den. Neither really solves the problem.

That is correct, yet at the same time: Society as a whole refuses to give these people even the kindness of a roof over their head.

They need better care, yes. But if people won't even agree that these people shouldn't freeze to death in winter (or overheat in summer), talk of funding better care is off the table.

Christ, Fox News had one of their guys outright suggest they be euthanized. The bar for discourse on homelessness is in hell right now.
by las_nish | 2025-09-23 15:08:12+00:00
Hey,

Short answer: Server-side encryption.

Long answer: The main application-level encryption key is stored externally in Doppler. Each project’s encryption key is encrypted using this main key. The main key is loaded as an environment variable when the backend server runs. After a set period (X days), the main key is automatically rotated, and all project keys are re-encrypted with the new main key and updated in Doppler.

Project keys are assigned to specific user accounts, so only the assigned users can decrypt them. The application does not use end-to-end encryption because future planned features require server-side encryption and decryption rather than client-side.

Yes, using LLMs can reduce privacy. To address this, we only send the necessary metadata and selected content to the models. In Ask mode, content is only sent if the user explicitly selects it. Edit mode works the same way: only the specifically selected text or code is passed to the model.

Hope this helps :)
Show HN: Gamma API- Auto-generate decks, docs and carousels from raw input
by sarafina-smith | 2025-09-23 15:08:30+00:00
Hi HN,

I’m Sarafina, an engineer at Gamma, and I’m here to share something we’ve been building the Gamma API, now in public beta.

We originally built Gamma as a way to turn rough content into shareable decks and documents, a kind of design layer for non-designers. Over time, we got more automation requests to enable quickly creating new sales pitches, lesson plans, or meeting summaries.

The Generate API takes in raw input like text, meeting notes, or CRM data and returns polished content. You can generate:

Slide decks

Docs

Social carousels (LinkedIn-style)

All fully designed, brandable, and exportable to PDF or PPTX.

How it works:

You pass a POST request with the input and config (tone, format, theme, etc.)

The API responds with a Gamma link (hosted doc), or export file

Works with 60+ languages, customizable themes, and AI image support

We’d love feedback, especially from developers thinking about “visualization layer” workflows inside internal tools or automation stacks. AMA!

-Sarafina (Gamma Engineering)
by SilverElfin | 2025-09-23 15:08:47+00:00
Does anyone remember when this person who worked for Mr Beast outed their fraudulent tactics? You couldn’t bring it up in a comment on their videos at all. They had a team continuous censoring all honest discussion on their videos. I find the whole phenomenon around Beast to be gross.

https://youtu.be/k5xf40KrK3I
by FirmwareBurner | 2025-09-23 15:08:51+00:00
>Europe is not the US, we have somewhat functional public transport in most parts of the continent, you are not _that_ dependent on a car.

That's a case by case basis and not valid blanket-wide over everyone in every city on the whole continent. Outside of HN bubble, not everyone lives in big cities with high speed rail, underground subways or working remotely in small villages with amazing bicycle paths

A lot of tier 2 cities are heavily underdeveloped in that regard and need a car for commute to work outsider or inside the city, unless you wanna spend 1-2+ hours/day, each way, on public transit switching and waiting on buses since such cities sprawled out and grew in size a lot, but public transit infra is still stuck in the 90s with slow busses and no trains. Car ownership is still the only way you can have some free time between work, sleep and commute.
by skybrian | 2025-09-23 15:08:58+00:00
There are contrary trends: LLM’s are getting lots of efficiency improvements, but they’re being used more.

Which is more important? Understanding what happened so far is impossible without data, and those trends can change. It depends on what new technologies people invent, and there are lots of smart researchers out there.

Armchair reasoning isn’t going tell us which trend is more important in the long term. We can imagine scenarios, but we shouldn’t be very confident about such predictions, and distrust other people’s confidence.
by Foobar8568 | 2025-09-23 15:08:59+00:00
Well I feel and I am more productive, now on coding activities, I am not convinced, it basically replaced SO and google, but at the end of the day, I always need and want to check reference material that I may have known or not existed. Plenty of time, Google couldn't even find them.

So in my case, yes but not on activities these sellers are usually claiming.
by jvanderbot | 2025-09-23 15:09:11+00:00
You don't even need history.

Just `find . -type d | fzf` to determine what dir to change to (or ~ for "anywhere else")

1. Make an alias fcd 2. Make a tab complete that does that for the command fcd

This is kind of 101 bash - just DIY.

Here's mine:

(2) is the hardest part - just write something that works with `complete` and fzf. Nowadays this is childs play for any AI to just spit out.

fz_comp() { COMPREPLY=() local cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" local prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" local opts="none" if [ -z "$cur" ];then COMPREPLY=($(find $1 -type d | fzf --preview="ls {} -l")) return fi COMPREPLY=($(find $1 -type d | grep $cur | fzf --preview="ls {} -l")) }

(1) is just a) set the new command b) make the completion call c) map that call to <TAB> completion.

alias fcd=cd _fcd(){ fz_comp $(pwd) } complete -F _fcd fcd

there you go.
by nickjj | 2025-09-23 15:09:16+00:00
I think that's ok if you have absolute paths mixed in.

If I have some long path like ~/src/open-source/dotfiles or /home/nick/src/open-source/dotfiles it all works with fuzzy matching. You can hit CTRL+r and then search for "cd dotfiles" and it finds it. The ~ isn't necessary, you can also do "^cd dotfiles"` for a tighter list of matches for paths that are more ambigious with other non-cd commands.