MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ktosobcy | 2025-09-11 11:05:23+00:00
Erm... it's as democratic as it possibly can be when it comes to a union of independend, sovereign states...

We do have EP with directly elected MEPs; we have CoE which is indirectly elected but still represents the "will of the people" but on the state level; then we have the European Council which is also in a way representative of state interest and then we have indirectly elected by the aformentioned European Comission.

The concept of indirectly elected representatives is not new - in most democracies you vote for MPs and they then form the government and choose prime minister.

Given that the EU is "one level up" it complicates stuff. We could argue that we could make it completely democratic and only have the parliment but this would completely sidetrack any influence of the state.

So if we want to maintain the balance we have this convoluted system.

Ideally EP should have legislative initiative rights and the president of the EC should be elected more transparently (for example the vote in EP should be public).
by vid | 2025-09-11 11:06:01+00:00
I run KDE Neon and this checks out. However, it's a terrible idea to create another distro. The Linux world needs more cohesion. I might go back to Ubuntu if their KDE 6 is decent now. I use the DE for the purpose of running programs in the environment and that includes being able to easily set up things like CUDA, which is easiest with Ubuntu, a PITA with other options.
by Iridiumkoivu | 2025-09-11 11:06:33+00:00
I agree with this sentiment.

Btrfs has destroyed itself on my testing/lab machines three times during last two years up to point where recovery wasn’t possible. Metadata corruption being main issue (or that’s how it looks like to me at least).

As of now I trust BCacheFS way more. I’ve given it roughly the same time to prove itself as Btrfs too. BCacheFS has issues but so far I’ve managed to resolve them without major data loss.

Please note that I currently use ext4 in all ”really important” desktop/laptop installations and OpenZFS in my server. Performance being the main concern for desktop and reliability for server.
Show HN: An open source Vercel/Render alternative for Python apps
by hunvreus | 2025-09-11 11:07:33+00:00
I wanted to deploy Python apps but still wanted to have a polished UX experience, like Vercel has.

So I built /dev/push for myself, and then decided to open source it.

You can host it on a Debian/Ubuntu box by running a single command:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hunvreus/devpush/main/scripts/prod/install.sh | sudo bash

It's pretty similar to Vercel or Laravel Cloud:

- Git-based deployments,

- Environment management,

- Real-time monitoring,

- Team collaboration,

- Custom domains,

- ...

For now it's mostly Python and Node.js (in beta), but I'm working on adding other languages (PHP, Go, Ruby).

Many other things in the works: persistent storage, SQLite databases, scaling/resources settings, custom containers, remote nodes, etc.

It's a beta, but it's fully functional:

- Website: https://devpu.sh

- GitHub: https://github.com/hunvreus/devpush
by rbehrends | 2025-09-11 11:07:34+00:00
What you are proposing would amount replacing the current bicameral legislature (with the European Parliament as the lower house and the Council of the EU as the upper house) with a unicameral legislature. That would actually make it easier for bad laws to be passed, especially as the supermajority required in the Council is currently the biggest obstacle for this kind of legislation.

I'll also note that nothing here is per se undemocratic. Both the Parliament and the Council are made up of elected members. The members of the Council (as members of the national governments) are indirectly elected, but elected all the same. Direct election is not a requirement for a democracy (see election of the US president or the US Senate prior to the 17th amendment or the Senate of Canada right now).

That does not mean that there isn't plenty of valid criticism of the EU's current structure, but claiming that it is not "actually democratic" falls far short of a meaningful critique.
by Lerc | 2025-09-11 11:07:50+00:00
Well if surveys are to believed the predominant view in the US is that morality is dictated by God. I'm skeptical, but also, I have met people like that.

I think the argument for not committing violence when you are able to do so without any form of repercussion comes down to a morality issue, you don't do it because it is wrong. That works at an individual level, At a societal level you cannot assume all people to be moral. When faced with the inevitability of not all people being moral (or not agree on the same set of morals) you need a secondary reason to prevent violence. I suspect quite a lot of people would accept the morality of violence to prevent more violence. That is where individual morality might weigh in on the aspect of whether violence is appropriate to establish or protect the rule of law.
Show HN: I made a script that gives me fake calls to escape boring moments
by madinmo | 2025-09-11 11:07:55+00:00
I built a little script that gives me a fake phone call to escape boring and awkward situations. I bought a virtual number from twilio and saved it as one of my relatives.

Whenever I feel stuck, I just tap a button called “ESCAPE” on my phone. It sends a request to my remote server. The server runs a small Python script which schedules an actual call. After a minute, my phone rings and plays a pre-recorded audio.

I simply say “sorry, I’m getting a call” and walk away. A tiny project, but it has saved me so many times.

Script - https://x.com/the2ndfloorguy/status/1965624429146165251
by aDyslecticCrow | 2025-09-11 11:07:59+00:00
This doesnt concerns in-language allocations at all. There is only one large allocation for both, done up-front.

The slowdowm has to do with cashe misses and cpu cashe capacity, which is optimisations the cpu does when executing.

Granted, a language like go may have more of the cpu cashe used up by different runtime checks.

Basically, i think this analysis largely language agnostic.
by throw0101a | 2025-09-11 11:09:15+00:00
> source: worked as a support engineer for a block storage company, witnessed hundreds of customers blowing one or both of their feet off with ZFS.

The phrasing of this tends me to believe that the customers set up ZFS in a 'strange' (?) way. Or was this a bug(s) with-in ZFS itself?

Because when people talk about Btrfs issues, they are talking about the code itself and bugs that cause volumes to go AWOL and such.

(All file systems have foot-guns.)
by DoughnutHole | 2025-09-11 11:09:52+00:00
> Most humans code crap.

My biggest frustration with AI coding tools is that bad engineers are no better at judging the quality of AI code than they are at writing code themselves. So, their output has shot through the roof without an improvement in quality.

The productivity of good engineers has gone up as well but good engineers tend to actually think about what their tools are doing, which slows them down. Bad engineers are now able to output more shit code than ever before.

I feel like I’m watching my company building a house of cards in real time.
by 916c0553e164269 | 2025-09-11 11:10:18+00:00
> since postgres would need to include the Apache license

imho: given that postgres has many corporate forks and contributors from different companies, mixing apache 2.0 and postgresql licenses isn’t ideal - it complicates the legal picture and can even block upstream acceptance.

And if supabase's goal is really this [1], then it makes sense to think through the legal side now and start consulting with the upstream Postgres community early.

[1] https://supabase.com/blog/orioledb-patent-free#aligned-with-...

"We believe the right long-term home for OrioleDB is inside Postgres itself. Our north star is to upstream what’s necessary so that OrioleDB can eventually be part of the Postgres source tree, developed and maintained in the open alongside the rest of Postgres."
by ipython | 2025-09-11 11:10:54+00:00
Congratulations to us. Enshittification has come to museums.

As tfa states, physical exhibits - especially interactive ones - require extensive maintenance. Expensive maintenance is, well, expensive. Must cut costs. And here we are.

Reminds me also of the apocryphical story of a McDonalds mba. They needed to cut a few million dollars and noticed that removing ten sesame seeds from the bun of a Big Mac will do it. Ok, great, but repeat enough times and soon customers will notice.
by ethbr1 | 2025-09-11 11:11:38+00:00
Exactly. The reason this was bad politics is that it created more pain than was necessary for the desired gain.

If Trump wanted leverage in negotiations and to appear strong on immigration... fine.

But there are so many ways of accomplishing that that didn't also alienate and piss off an ally to the extent this perp photo shoot did.

Hell, the government could have just politely detained them, put out a big splashy press release, then worked with the South Korean embassy to repatriate them. Same benefit, fewer hard feelings.

In contrast, as a result now there's going to be much higher government and South Korean domestic pushback on exactly the kind of US investment Trump wants.

It's one thing when someone does something distasteful but gets benefit out of going that far. It's another when they do it because they're inept.

The only people this excess played well for was Trump's base, and as others pointed out, there are plenty of less trade sensitive immigrant groups that could have been substituted, if that was the goal.
by devang24393 | 2025-09-11 11:12:54+00:00
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by Anon_troll | 2025-09-11 11:12:58+00:00
The hash-based algorithm is only O(n) because the entry size has a limit. In a more general case, it would be something more like O(m(n * e)). Here n is the number of entries, e is the maximum entry size and m is a function describing how caching and other details affect the computation. With small enough data, the hash is very fast due to CPU caches, even if it takes more steps, as the time taken by a step is smaller. The article explains this topic in a less handwavey manner.

Also, memory access is constant time only to some upper limit allowed by the hardware, which requires significant changes to the implementation when the data does not fit the system memory. So, the hash algorithm will not stay O(n) once you go past the available memory.

The sorting algorithms do not suffer from these complexities quite as much, and similar approaches can be used with data sets that do not fit a single system's memory. The sorting-based algorithms will likely win in the galactically large cases.

Edit: Also, once the hash table would need to grow beyond what the hash function can describe (e.g. beyond 64 bit integers), you need to grow the function's data type. This is essentially a hidden log(n) factor, as the required length of the data type is log(n) of the maximum data size.
by CjHuber | 2025-09-11 11:13:05+00:00
I know in the US it's very common to write emails or letters to their governor, but still I see it somewhat cynical. Like a popular tweet mattering much more than letters that probably won't be opened at all, and if it is opened I cannot imagine a MP reading all of them, more likely a clerk saying "You've got x citizens sending you letters about y", which would then again be somewhat valuable but I also can't imagine they have clerks opening every letter.
by metadat | 2025-09-11 11:13:23+00:00
Could it be because some of the hardware in the 4090 overlaps with the Hopper (H100) architecture?

If so, I imagine NV "fixed" this oversight with Grace Blackwell -based GPUs (5xxx series). There is too much at stake financially to leave the barn door open.

Could you nvlink several 4090s?
by johannes1234321 | 2025-09-11 11:13:24+00:00
That would lead to turning EU from a union of states into a state in itself. This may be great, but would depower national states.

And it has a major problem: There is no European public. Cultural differences ad language barrier make it hard to follow debates and issues. It is a lot simpler to follow my elected governments behavior.

Also the parliament would lose its style of working. Currently there is cooperation accross parties and a less strict "government vs opposition" than in most other parliaments, which means that MEPs actually got a vote (in the areas where the parliament matters) instead dof being whipped by party leaders.

And then: Most decision power is with the council, which is made of democratically elected governments (if we ignore the Hungary problem ...)
by kephasp | 2025-09-11 11:14:27+00:00
First, you can write a function that's generic on the effects used, so you could write use it in a way that calls an LLM and use it elsewhere in a way that cannot, with the same logic.

But I see the need to change the code as a good thing when it is necessary: I don't want a dependency, inside or outside my codebase, to suddenly add network calls without me knowing it. Same goes for code that was pure and has become stateful. Not knowing this kind of fundamental change is a recipe for a nightmare.

It should be especially apparent with the recent supply chain attacks.
Show HN: Font of Web – Pinterest for Web Design Inspiration
by sim04ful | 2025-09-11 11:14:37+00:00
Hi HN,

I built https://fontofweb.com because design inspiration platforms don't give enough real material to work with.

Most sites fall into extremes: Dribbble leans toward polished mockups that never shipped, while Awwwards and Mobbin go heavy on curation. The problem isn't just what they pick — it's that you only ever see a narrow slice. High curation means low volume, slow updates, and a bias toward showcase projects instead of the everyday, functional interfaces most of us actually design.

Font of Web takes a different approach. It's closer to Pinterest, but purely for web design. Every "pin" comes with metadata: fonts, colors, and the exact domain it came from, so you can search, filter, and sort in ways you can't elsewhere. The text search is powered by multimodal embeddings, so you can use search queries like "minimalist pricing page with illustrations at the side" and get live matches from real websites.

A few things you can do:

* natural language search (e.g. "elegant serif blog with sage green")

* font search (single fonts, pairings, or 2+ combos, e.g https://fontofweb.com/search/pins?family_id=109 , https://fontofweb.com/search/pins?family_id=135 )

* color search/sorting (done in perceptual CIELAB space not RGB, e.g https://fontofweb.com/search/pins?color=%23f52f3d)

* domain search (filter by site, e.g. https://fontofweb.com/search/pins?domain=apple.com, https://fontofweb.com/search/pins?domain=blender.org )

* live website analysis (via extension — snip any part of a page and see fonts/colors instantly, works offline)

* one-click font downloads

* palette extraction (copy hex codes straight to clipboard)

* private design collections

Appreciate feedback into the ux/ui, feature set and general usefulness in your own workflow.

Tech Stack Website:

* Vanilla Client-Side rendered ReactJS

* PWA via workbox: https://developer.chrome.com/docs/workbox

* SEO html injection via Cloudflare workers via HtmlRewriter

* HeroUI + Tailwind

* Rust Backend with Axum

* Authentication with OTP email and google social auth (via openidconnect)

* Sqlite and VectorDB running on the same VPS as the API service

* $15/mo VPS (Alwyzon)

* Cloudflare CDN

* Cloudflare R2 for storage

* Cloudflare workers for proxy service, hosting, sitemap and rss feed generation, SEO tag injection and miscellaneous tasks

* Zeptomail for very cheap transactional mail * ICloud Mail for custom domain inbox (e.g simdi@fontofweb.com)

* Simple Analytics + Google Analytics: https://dashboard.simpleanalytics.com/fontofweb.com

* Logging: Journalctl

Tech Stack Chrome Extension:

* Lit Components for lightweight UI: lit.dev

* Rust library compiled to Wasm for offline font metadata parsing via docs.rs/allsorts

* Multimodal embeddings via vertex api
by dathinab | 2025-09-11 11:15:31+00:00
Maybe, just maybe, (probably not) they learned something from the NSA/FBI (I don't remember) tricking the BSI into helping them with industry espionage against a large Germany company[^1]. and pretty much any technology widely used in chat control would be under tight US control, or Israel which in recent times also isn't exactly know to be a peace seeking reasonable acting country.

[^1]: Which I think was about car companies and pre-trump, pre-disel-gate. Also not the only time where it's known that the US engaged on industry espionage against close allies or Germany specifically.
by rwallace | 2025-09-11 11:15:31+00:00
In several similar incidents, it was clear that the, or at least a major, cause of the accidents, was that the officers on watch had been forced to work overtime and deprived of sleep to the point of cognitive impairment.

How many hours had the officer on watch in this case worked that week? How many hours of sleep did he have?

And why is no one except me asking those questions?
by d1sxeyes | 2025-09-11 11:16:25+00:00
Absence of evidence is of course not evidence of absence, but all life on earth today seems to be descended from a single organism, 3-4 billion years ago: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_universal_common_ancest...

This is about a quarter of the lifetime of the universe ago, and we don’t have any evidence at all that life has ever occurred in any other way. We’ve only really been looking for a hundred years or so, but we’ve not found any “fountain of life” where life is being created, we’ve not found evidence of any type of life that isn’t broadly related.

I absolutely agree that it’s not evidence, but I believe that on balance, it makes more sense to take our working hypothesis to be something that fits the evidence we do have, rather than believing the evidence must exist we just don’t have it.

To be clear, I’m not advocating that we don’t investigate both possibilities, and I wouldn’t put much weight behind my own guess here.
by vascocosta | 2025-09-11 11:16:33+00:00
Personally I'm interested in distros with an immutable base system. After decades of a lot of tinkering with all sorts of distros, I value a stable core more than anything else. If I want to tinker and/or install/compile packages I can do so in my $HOME folder.

In fact, this is what I've been doing in other distros, like Debian stable, nevertheless I have no real control of the few updates to the base system with side effects.

This is not the first immutable distro, but it comes from the people who develop my favourite desktop environment, so I'm tempted to give it a try. Especially as it looks more approachable than something like NixOS.
by KayEss | 2025-09-11 11:16:38+00:00
I have had a gun pointed at me, and I've been where guns have been fired in anger around me.

I'm kind of surprised to hear somebody in America think it's a likely enough thing to happen to be worth the obvious societal cost of the wide spread weapons.

Realistically, if they did come for you, how much use would your weapon be? Do you believe that it would mean the difference between your life and death, or just that you'd feel better going having been able to put up some defence? Several genocides have happened in neighbouring countries from where I live in living memory, and it isn't at all clear that having access to a weapon allowed anybody who was targeted to survive.

The cost in mass shootings (now nearly two per day in the US) is a real cost borne by society at large. Your cost is still only hypothetical, and of unclear value if the worst did happen.
by gingerBill | 2025-09-11 11:18:06+00:00
The bugs have nothing to do with the language and exist in C too.

I'll just link to some of the bugs directly that posted as issues to SDL:

https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/4789 (not fixed) https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/4816 (closed) https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL/issues/4790 (closed)

And these being the bugs we found ourselves, not other bugs that have already been found, and many marked "as not planned" since SDL2 is now finished.
by redok | 2025-09-11 11:18:29+00:00
The primary customer for this would be infrastructure providers that want to give the host full control of the hardware (bare metal, no hypervisor) while still maintaining control of the IO (network attached storage and network isolation).

Conventionally this is done in software with a hypervisor which emulates network devices for VMs (virio/vmxnet3, etc...) and does some sort of network encapsulation (vlan, vxlan, etc...). Similar things are done for virtual block storage (virtio blk, nvme, etc..) to attach to remote drives.

If the IaaS clients are high bandwidth or running their own virtualization stack, the infrastructure provider has nowhere to put this software. You can do the infrastructure network and storage isolation on the network switches with extra work but then the termination of the networking and storage has to be done in cooperation with the clients (and you can't trust them to do it right).

Here, the host just sees PCI attached network interfaces and directly attached NVMe devices which pop up as defined by the infrastructure. These cards are the compromise where you let everyone have baremetal but keep your software defined network and storage. In advanced cases you could even dynamically traffic shape bandwidth between network and storage prioritization.
by monegator | 2025-09-11 11:19:11+00:00
And yet i tried setting up manjaro to see what all the fuss was about with arch based systems. In less than ten minutes i understood the origin of all the krashes memes.

I've been running debian stable (with backports) as my desktop for a couple of years now, I find that KDE is updated enough, and wayland is stable enough (on my hardware, of course, a 13 year old macbook and a 8 year old NUC).. honestly, as a simple user, i haven't appreciated any difference between X and wayland sessions, so i just login into wayland.
by StopDisinfo910 | 2025-09-11 11:19:19+00:00
So?

Bug fix windows are for bug fix. If it’s not a bug fix, it goes in the next version. That’s how the kernel release cycle works. It’s not very complicated.

If it’s so unstable that it urgently needs new features shipped regularly, I think it’s entirely legitimate that it has to live out of tree until it’s actually stable enough.
by ayush_xeneva | 2025-09-11 11:19:35+00:00
Speaking of hardware, we're targeting SOCs like Rockchip, Raspberry Pi 3,4 and Qualcomm Snapdragon Chips.

It currently doesn't support any open standard but we're targeting OpenXR standard and also some native way of application writing where developer doesn't need to care about whether they are writing for XR devices or other devices. The OS will take care of it.

Currently we are more focused on building a lifestyle product experience, which includes Games, Entertainment and general daily use cases like navigation, etc.