MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by pjc50 | 2025-09-04 13:39:15+00:00
I think it's an exaggeration of the "city effect": the denser an environment is, the more likely it is that people who see you out to talk to you are going to have a negative agenda, because everyone else is trying to keep their head down.

If you meet a stranger at the North Pole, where you're the only two humans around, you're going to talk to them. If you meet a stranger in a remote village, you're probably going to talk to them. If you meet a stranger on the street in New York, you're probably going to put your hand over your wallet. Adverse selection wins.

It sometimes feels like social media has gone from a place to make friends to a place to make enemies - or at least to bond with a group through the medium of hate. Bonding through hate of the outsider is hardly new, but it's especially negative on the Internet where it can be amplified over and over.
by jeffbee | 2025-09-04 13:39:27+00:00
I can pretty much guarantee you that the typical Windows desktop machine uses much less energy than the typical Linux desktop machine of similar capabilities. Linux power saving basically never works out of the box unless the user has carefully selected the platform to avoid the Linux kernel's numerous defects. By contrast every computer that comes with Windows has working energy-saving features from the factory because that's how Dell and HP get those Energy Star ratings.
by kstrauser | 2025-09-04 13:39:31+00:00
I almost bought one before I realized I’d be subscribing to it. No, that’s absolutely not reasonable given the price of the unit.

These things aren’t syncing videos. They’re moving some text and PDFs around. Even Apple gives you permanently free iCloud services when you own any Apple device, with the complaint being that they should give you more storage, not that you can’t use it at all.
by gxs | 2025-09-04 13:39:33+00:00
One thing that helped me have a better attitude at work and maybe life in general, was reframing how I thought about people with stupid ideas or stupid questions

Instead of dismissing them or getting super annoyed (which still does happen, not going to lie), I ask myself the question “what do they know or not know that is making them say that? Why are they thinking about it this way?”

The answers aren’t always satisfying and a lot of the time they really are just stupid/annoying questions or ideas, but approaching it with curiosity means that finding out at least satisfies that curiosity and is its own mini reward

The real benefit though is that it’s simply made me a better listener and in turn a better communicator
by easyprotech | 2025-09-04 13:39:34+00:00
## [1.0.4] - 2025-09-04

### Highlights - SARIF 2.1.0 reporting for GitHub Security integration - CI/CD pipeline with Docker multi-arch builds - Complete documentation overhaul with comparison matrix

### Added - SARIF 2.1.0 reporter (`sarif_reporter.py`) - Context Matrix framework (6 contexts + polyglot payloads, not yet integrated) - 5 How-to guides (quickstart, CI, SARIF, Docker, safe-mode) - Example user config (`~/.config/brs-xss/config.toml`) - Benchmark suite (performance + accuracy)

### Changed - Project description to "Context-aware async XSS scanner for CI" - Safe defaults in `config/default.yaml` - PyPI keywords and README for better positioning - Dockerfile with multi-stage, security hardened

### DevOps - GitHub Actions pipeline (ruff, mypy, pytest, codecov) - Multi-arch Docker builds (amd64/arm64) - Container registry GHCR with signed images - Performance monitoring via benchmark framework

### Documentation - README overhaul with comparison vs XSStrike/XSpear/dalfox - Integration guides: GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, Jenkins - SARIF integration guide (Security tab setup) - Docker deployment guide

### Fixed - *PayloadGenerator stability*: Fixed reset_statistics Counter type bug, unified detected_wafs types - *Statistics calculation*: Added proper success_rate updates with exponential smoothing - *Memory optimization*: Lazy Context Matrix loading for relevant contexts only - *Type safety*: Removed unused imports (Iterable, Tuple), consistent Optional[List[Any]] types - *Performance*: Reduced unnecessary allocations for unknown context types - *Configuration validation*: Added comprehensive config parameter validation with safe ranges - *Pool size control*: Hard cap on payload pool size to prevent memory issues (pool_cap setting) - *Final deduplication*: Added post-blind-XSS deduplication to eliminate all duplicates - *Security*: Safe logging without exposing raw payloads or WAF markers - *Payload safety*: Protection against empty/oversized payloads in evasion techniques - *Real success metrics*: Accurate success_rate calculation based on filtered vs total candidates - *Safe mode integration*: Blind XSS disabled in safe_mode for production safety - *Configurable weights*: Customizable effectiveness scores for different payload sources - *Code readability*: Explicit list comprehensions instead of generator expressions
by aw1621107 | 2025-09-04 13:39:49+00:00
> Here's mine, Saudi Arabia is by far the largest exporter:

I think it's not unreasonable to think that "producer" means "producer", not "exporter". Wikipedia has a nominally matching article [0], which indeed lists the US as the largest producer of crude oil and lease condensate.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_oil_produ...
by ben_w | 2025-09-04 13:40:22+00:00
> The 5GW consumption I assume is per day? If so, that’s on par with 170,000 average homes… being put in a parish with around 7250 households.

Watts are Joules per second, you'd only measure "watts per day" as a rate of change of power supply, not absolute power supply.

Also, 5GW / 170000 homes ≈ 29kW/home, even the USA isn't that heavily supplied with electricity.

(My home in Germany is very efficient, 0.5 kW average, including heating and cooling as well as all devices).
by swayvil | 2025-09-04 13:40:49+00:00
Sounds like concentration meditation. (The Buddhists call it "samatha")

Concentration causes your perception to penetrate things. What you observe dissolves, its former appearance a mere veil, parted, to reveal another appearance. And then that veil is parted. And so on.

The process could be described as a penetrating, blooming or revealing.
by pembrook | 2025-09-04 13:40:50+00:00
It feels like the only path Mistral has to win is by targeting risk-averse European enterprises by waving the EU banner and having them force it on their employees. Even then, if they fall far enough behind they won't be able to do that either. Seems like a sad outcome for European tech given all the talent Europe has. It's frustrating.

You watch the OpenAI launch videos and its a surprising variety of Europeans accents talking about all the value they're creating in the US, instead of back home, simply due to the more favorable business/investment policies of the US.

My pet theory is, outside of the silly regulatory stance, the real reason Europe can never compete in each wave of tech (mainframe > pc > internet > mobile > social > AI > etc.) is government pension systems hoovering up all private capital and investing it into european governments (bonds) instead of european businesses (equities).

Centralizing the financial assets of an entire country, subjecting it to the whims of politics thus requiring it be invested it into extremely low risk bonds instead of a larger portion in European equity indexes or even a tiny portion in venture capital has created this situation: https://i.redd.it/fxks3skmvt4e1.png

Yes, a vast majority of VC funds lose money. Hence why it's bucketed in 'alternatives' and never a major part of pension portfolios. But the small group of winners literally create the future tax base to fund the social welfare system to continue existing (not to mention the future military tech which it turns out is useful when your neighbors get hostile). Not taking the risk means you never get the reward.

If Europe put even 1-2% of their $5T in pension assets into venture...even grossly mismanaged Softbank style...I find it hard to imagine you wouldn't accidentally create a few $100+ Billion companies in 10-20 years. More important would be creating the startup ecosystem for taking the rest of the worlds capital into these ventures as a multiplier.
by matt-p | 2025-09-04 13:41:02+00:00
I've heard 5GW touted as the capacity (so like 120GWH per day if flat loaded at 100%). However that is clearly B.S as I've also heard 2GW and another much more sensible number

Just to give perspective 5GW would power about 10 Million H100s or about 5 million G200. Completely farcical, won't happen.
by mitchitized | 2025-09-04 13:41:03+00:00
> People listening to music for free is less than a drop of water in the ocean of causative reasons musicians get fucked.

Astonishingly ignorant hot take. Music is what MUSICIANS DO. Some of them are also performers, many are not. What they create is the same as what a painter does, or even a chef or architect. However it is not a physical good so people with tiny brains think that means "iT's FreEEe!!1!" when each musical instrument used costs money, the recording cost money, the distribution cost money, the filing/registration costs money, and then there's all the years of time and effort spent learning how to do all of this.

The fact of the matter is that right now music is treated very similarly to software. There is ownership and copyright, and being able to make a digital copy for minimal cost/effort does not magically remove that ownership.

If you don't like it then you should change the laws. It's like being mad at cops because of the speed limit, when the likely culprits are your local city council.
by ceejayoz | 2025-09-04 13:41:28+00:00
> If they’re fully dry by morning, that implies the machine is using a heating element for the dry cycle.

Modern dishwashers use better insulation coupled with the residual heat from washing to do a lot of the drying. Mine (LG) doesn't have a heating element for the air, just for the water. Known as "condensation drying".

https://www.bosch-home.com/us/experience-bosch/tips-and-tric...

> All Bosch dishwashers use a condensation drying process. Instead of utilizing a heating element at the bottom of a dishwasher, condensation drying involves a number of dishwashing elements that work together to efficiently dry your dishes. Condensation drying is more hygenic and energy efficient than drying with a heating element. Additionally, since Bosch dishwashers do not use a heating element, your plastics are safe in the lower rack.

As a bonus, it doesn't vent steam into my kitchen.
by jqpabc123 | 2025-09-04 13:42:02+00:00
The US is effectively withdrawing from world markets.

This is profound and hard to believe --- because it is just plain dumb. China loves it. It is total capitulation to their economic agenda.

25% of US GDP is derived from global trade. Turning your back on this will lower the standard of living for Americans in general by raising prices.

Next up in this regression --- a default on US debt.
by FirmwareBurner | 2025-09-04 13:42:21+00:00
Yep this. The EU is one of the champions on regulatory self-owns/own-goals like these by pushing legislation that sounds good on the surface without too much though, but ends up having worse send and third order effects.

Examples like:

Giving preference to diesel vehicles because they produced less C02 than gasoline cars, while ignoring the much worse NOx and particulate for human respiratory heath that diesel engines produce(possible lobby from EU car brands involved). Denuclearization, because nuclear is scary and dangerous, that pushed energy prices up and use of coal which killed more people via respiratory issues than Chernobyl and Fukushima (possible lobby from Russian oil and gas involved)

Banning ICE cars prematurely before the market, charging infrastructure and consumer demand can catch up on its own, will have similar negative effects.
by fulafel | 2025-09-04 13:42:36+00:00
You could be forgiven to think that about northern places, but the dark winters are compensated by the long (or even round the clock) daylight in summer. It's still fewer sunlight hours than markedly sunny places like italy or california but not 50% less.

see eg this map where scandinavia is the same color as france or southern uk: https://vividmaps.com/annual-sunshine-hours-of-world/

But of course wind is more stable around the year and produces more in the winter when there's more need for energy. And the sunlight is more direct closer to the equator.
by throw0101d | 2025-09-04 13:42:45+00:00
From 2022:

> […] Applying a new data set for country-level energy prices since 1960, this study evaluates the effects of energy prices on economic growth in 18 OECD countries by controlling for other important macroeconomic conditions that shape economic activity. Mean-group estimates that control for cross-country correlations are used to emphasize average responses across nations. Averaged across all nations, results suggest that a 10% increase in energy prices dampened economic growth by about 0.15%. Moreover, some evidence exists that this response may be larger for more energy-intensive economies.

* https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S01409...

Though an interesting graph for Sweden on GDP growth and energy use:

* https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/energy-use-gdp-decoupling
by todorov84 | 2025-09-04 13:43:32+00:00
Interestingly, the main problem with Minesweeper is that is a game of chance (so the approach discussed in the article is very appropriate).

For a minesweeper variant purely based on logic, I highly recommend the game Tametsi. It has 160 handcrafted levels, and some have very interesting geometrical arrangements. I have logged over 100 hours in this game.
by palmfacehn | 2025-09-04 13:43:52+00:00
>GUI apps have struggled with this as well

And when we made mistakes there, it was usually because we took short cuts instead of respecting clean abstractions.

>So you have to think of all the machinery to change as few DOM nodes as possible.

This is where I get off the train in regards to JS frontend frameworks. We should know the state our data. We should also know the state of our display components, whether they are canvas elements rendering more complex data or mere tables. KISS principles apply here.

"All the machinery" of a framework isn't necessary to handle the synchronization between the two. Especially when it mandates ridiculous build steps, thousands of dependencies, opaque "magic", huge blobs of minified JS and loading spinners.

>The difficulty usually comes from people mixing up two concepts: the state of data, and the state of the UI.

Agreed 100%. Which is why I like the <template> element. It is a dose of sanity allowing explicit separation of code and document. I suspect this is the other poster's objection to HTML inside of JS.
by dominicchapman | 2025-09-04 13:44:05+00:00
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Show HN: Draftsmith – a desktop AI blog writing app (no subscriptions, BYOK)
by badri | 2025-09-04 13:44:20+00:00
I built a desktop app called Draftsmith because I was tired of juggling prompts in ChatGPT and paying monthly fees for tools I used only occasionally.

• Write blog posts faster: idea -> structured draft in ~15 minutes.

• Desktop app (Windows, macOS, Linux). No cloud sync, no subscriptions.

• Bring your own API key (OpenAI/Anthropic/etc.). You see and control costs.

• Keeps your writing style consistent (no "generic AI fluff").

• One-time purchase - you own it.

Why a desktop app? I wanted something I could actually own, not rent. No recurring bills, no SaaS lock-in. Just download it, plug in your key, and write.

I built this in 3 weeks as a small bet — a focused tool that does one thing well.

https://draftsmith.co

Would love feedback from fellow HNers, especially around distribution, positioning, and whether this "post-SaaS" approach resonates.
by jtchang | 2025-09-04 13:44:41+00:00
Great video on how the public is getting screwed on energy deals.

Basically large tech companies have the deep pockets to push up prices at electricity auctions. But why bid in public when you can do those deals in private. That's the first problem. All that needs to be out in the open.

What really irks me is that the market is so manipulated that we can't do anything about it. Think about NEM 3.0 vs 2.0. Putting data centers in their own rate class does make sense as the first step.
by cmrdporcupine | 2025-09-04 13:45:00+00:00
Yeah I was initially excited here, but it feels more like a demonstration of what's possible rather than a working tool.

I found the interface very nice but quickly ran up against limitations on prompt length (it wasn't that long) for example. I am used to being able to give detailed instructions, or even paste in errors/tracebacks.

I'll check back in in a few months.
by mistersquid | 2025-09-04 13:45:02+00:00
Super article with cross-cultural (US and Japan) explanations I’d not encountered even as a scholar and student of American popular culture and Twentieth Century Literature. For example, Joshua Hunt makes connections between Rap (e.g. RZA from Wu Tang) and anime with some speculation about why Black Americans might more easily identify with anime than some White Americans.

The last paragraph is particularly interesting and heartening as someone who very interested in individualistic artistic expression over corporate aesthetic cooptation (while acknowledging cinematic art cannot always be neatly categorized as on or the other).

I was heartened and intrigued by the last paragraph (excerpted):

> Above all, though, anime may be saved by its sheer madness.[…] Anime is the realm of the underdog and the weirdo, whose fantastically bizarre imaginations have created a medium defined by its difficulty. And if there’s one thing Hollywood doesn’t seem up for right now, it’s a challenge.
by westurner | 2025-09-04 13:46:51+00:00
Flash heating also recycles unsorted plastics (HCO) into CO/CO2,OH, and Graphene (C), but the energy usage for flash heating is probably higher.

From "'Chemical recycling': 15-minute reaction turns old clothes into useful molecules" (2024) regarding microwave-assisted pyrolysis: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40876505 :

> Flash heating plastic yields Hydrogen and Graphene; "Synthesis of Clean Hydrogen Gas from Waste Plastic at Zero Net Cost" (2023) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202306763 .. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37886982 :

> "Green H2” from water electrolysis using renewable energy evolves no CO2, but costs 2–3× more, making it presently economically unviable. Here catalyst-free conversion of waste plastic into clean H2 along with high purity graphene is reported. The scalable procedure evolves no CO2 when deconstructing polyolefins and produces H2 in purities up to 94% at high mass yields. The sale of graphene byproduct at just 5% of its current value yields H2 production at a negative cost. Life-cycle assessment demonstrates a 39–84% reduction in emissions compared to other H2 production methods, suggesting the flash H2 process to be an economically viable, clean H2 production route.

..

Does fusion induction welding work as a method for heating plastic to recycle it? Is it any more efficient than hydrogen plasma and microwave?
by lo_zamoyski | 2025-09-04 13:47:03+00:00
Sure. What you focus on will consume your mind and grow within it. The bad variety is often called dwelling or rumination.

Some will find the desert father John Cassian[0] interesting in this regard. He uses the analogy of a water mill for the mind. You cannot stop a water mill from turning - the water keeps flowing and keeps turning the grindstone - so all you can do is choose what is poured into the grindstone. If you fill it with high quality wheat, you will have high quality flour. If you fill it with or add to it darnel, you will produce something toxic.

You reap what you sow, and if you sow your mind and your attention with filth, filth will sprout and spread and metastasize. Cultivate the garden of your mind wisely. If the mind drifts, pull it back. Let the good crop choke out any weeds in your mind.

This is why there is an ethics of thought and imagination. It is wrong to intentionally think certain things. Stupid or ugly thoughts might enter our minds unintentionally, but we can pull our minds back to good thoughts. Indulging or pursuing bad thoughts corrupts you from the inside, and they prepare the ground for bad actions down the line.

(N.b., there was a link trending on HN a few years ago about a book of selections from Cassian's "Conferences" [1]. I can't find it at the moment, unfortunately.)

[0] https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3508.htm

[1] https://a.co/d/cbxYLo7
by meindnoch | 2025-09-04 13:47:22+00:00
And what will this hyper-sensitive application do if I yank the power cable from the computer? Or if I quit the browser with kill -9?

See, this is one of those "features" that clueless PMs ask their developers to implement, not having the technical knowledge to realize that their idea is unsalvageable. My other favorite is email address "validation" with ad hoc string format checks.
by koliber | 2025-09-04 13:47:24+00:00
Companies exist to make money. They use marketing as part of that process. However, we can not forget that consumers derive value from the things that companies sell. If we only focus on the big bad companies, then it is not possible to see how marketing could also serve the consumer.

Believe it or not, some people do enjoy a sugary drink from time to time. While I don't drink soft drinks regularly, I recently discovered skyr protein yogurts through advertising. That's a product that caters to a desire that I have. Never heard of skyr before!

> I don't think it really helps defend meaningfulness of the job in question ("techy, working on serving ads") to expand the scope to considering other things (writing package documentation, reviewing tourist destinations, ...)

There was a blanket statement that all ads are negative and people making them are useless -- exaggeration and gross simplification is mine. I offered some counterpoints for more balanced thinking. There is plenty of advertising that delivers positive value, hence some advertising jobs are useful.

One problem is that people sometimes think of ads as only web display ads. They are not aware that there are many other kinds of ads. Independent review sites, travel blogs, and posts on HN about an interesting software package are also ads. When truly independent, it's called word-of-mouth advertising.