MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by moritonal | 2025-09-15 14:00:53+00:00
That's rude. Yes, I've contributed to a few. However, here is a list of open-source software that've notoriously turned to unethical decisions when pressured into getting funding.

Audacity: Free until 2021 when they were bought and introduced telemetry.

Streamlabs: Open-source but tried to monetise and attack the OBS brand

Bitwarden forks: Various forks of open-source code that included monetisation

OpenOffice: Great desktop apps until bought by Oracle

CCleaner: "free" software that contained trojens.

HoverZoom: Chrome plugin sold by original dev, new update included spyware and ads.

As I said, I don't mind if the answer is "we are volunteers who love this", but I do ask that formal webpage presenting a product, that even has an FAQ page, explains it's funding model. Their github (https://github.com/CelestiaProject/Celestia) is much better at this.
by marginalia_nu | 2025-09-15 14:01:36+00:00
The mechanism of rights makes a lot of sense in a constitution, to establish that these core principles of the legal code of Latveria and may never be trampled upon by subsequent laws, and then refer back to that as a judgement when evolving the law.

However, in recent years it's taken a life on its own and people all over the political spectrum are inventing new rights or denying established rights. At face value it seems like a punchy statement that this is a human right or that isn't a civil liberty, but there's usually nothing to back that up. It's nothing more than a vapid slogan used this way.
Show HN: Witness – Capture signed photos/videos with embedded proof-of-origin
by rh-app-dev | 2025-09-15 14:01:51+00:00
I’ve been working on a tool to address one of the biggest problems I see with digital content: the inability to prove that it was captured by a real human, on a real device, at a specific time — without manipulation or AI involvement.

Witness by Reel Human is a privacy-first camera app that generates cryptographically signed photos and videos. Each file includes an embedded JSON manifest with: - The exact capture time - Device info (not user identity) - The app version and signature metadata

The manifest is stored inside the media file (MP4/JPEG) and travels with it, even if shared. The result is a verifiable, human-authored piece of content.

What’s working now (POC): - Android and iOS apps (available for testing) - Signed JSON manifests inside every photo/video - No accounts, no tracking, no upload

What’s coming: - Public verification portal (in progress) - Registry backend with optional verification logging - Open API for platforms to verify content at scale

I’d love your feedback on: - The idea and approach - Security model (crypto choices, manifest design, etc.) - Use cases beyond journalism (legal, education, social media)

Site: https://reel-human.com POC App: https://testflight.apple.com/join/GzfTsCNF Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.reelhuman.... iOS:

Ask me anything — I’m solo-building this because I think trusted content should be a human right.
by voxlax | 2025-09-15 14:02:06+00:00
I don´t see the relation to this debate. HAM Radio communications do not need encryption, as they have a fully different purpose. You would not discuss private/sensitive matters anyway as the whole thing is just a hobby/learning/experimentation or sport. Your life´s important decisions don´t depend on this type of communication. Besides, I think one of the most important motivations behind this restriction is to avoid misusing frequencies for commercial purposes.
by menaerus | 2025-09-15 14:02:26+00:00
> The cited article is pretty clear: the M1 Max maxes out at (approximately) 100 Gb/sec per a single CPU core, 243 Gb/sec per a CPU cluster, and 409 Gb/sec per the entire SOC.

So, which part of "We are talking about the memory bandwidth available to the CPU cores and not all the co-processors/accelerators present in the SoC" you didn't understand?
by takkatakka | 2025-09-15 14:02:27+00:00
1. For me, at a senior dev level, about half are multiple rounds of leetcode / system design and the other half are some sort of live coding something more practical.

2. I think they're mostly just making calls to the existing LLM's apis.

3. I ask myself why I started the pet project. If it was to learn something new, well, I probably got bored because I learned the the part that was interesting to me.
by raffael_de | 2025-09-15 14:02:36+00:00
Assuming a trustworthy government with an independent legal system, all communication should be accessible upon judicial decision. This is analogous to acceptance of search warrants and seizure of evidence including paper based documents and messages.

Then again governments often aren't trustworthy. Germany isn't even able to issue European Arrest Warrants as prosecution here is politically dependent¹. And accordingly I also kind of prefer to have my electronic communication cryptographically protected. But I'm not so naive as to believe that this is a solution. This is just treating a symptom which eventually gets worse if not addressed directly.

1: https://www.eurojust.europa.eu/news/landmark-ruling-european...
by runjake | 2025-09-15 14:02:39+00:00
I almost want to disagree with you here but I’m not fully apprised of the greater situation.

My dad is poor and neglectful of himself. He had a stroke. He got ambulanced to the emergency room and spent a good deal of time there.

The hospital discussed billing which was several hundreds of thousands of dollars. Well he can’t afford that. The hospital had us talk to some advisers and they got him on a state Medicaid (?) plan. The plan retroactively paid for it all.

He then got checked out for a variety of other issues including a severe spinal issue and a hip replacement for 0 out of pocket.

It’s great. He’s a changed man who is active and takes care of himself now.

I also had a major medical event and I have since paid tens of thousands out of pocket after insurance. At one point we were investigating if I could essentially quit work for a bit, go on the Medicaid plan, get better, and then go back to my job. That is madness!
by hulitu | 2025-09-15 14:02:51+00:00
> What the Justice Minister means is that electronic privacy should not be a civil liberty. Perhaps he doesn't realize

In time, you will find that what a politician means is dependent at least of: political party he is in, amount of lobby/bribes he/she was subjected to, time of day, weather, his souse's mood.

Don't make the priest follow the teaching of Jesus, it won't work.
by estearum | 2025-09-15 14:02:54+00:00
No, it's really not. The idea that POTUS is allowed to retain all Constitutional powers so long as they act in favor of their party is dismissible on its face. The founders (broadly speaking) did not anticipate a two-party system and did not build in controls against this outcome.

Impeachment is intended for exactly what it says: "high crimes and misdemeanors."

Again: all of the balances you describe only work when party loyalties do not exceed loyalties to their own branch's authorities and responsibilities. In practice what we've seen (over decades) is Congress ceding power to their own party's executive, because in practice people's political fortunes are determined by "did I make the leader of my party happy" rather than "did I retain the power of Congress."

This is EXPLICITLY counter to the intended design of the Constitution. You can read the rationale for it in Federalist 51.

This is trivially provable. POTUS (of either party, but especially in the MAGA movement) can and does threaten to primary anyone in Congress who checks him, ergo you either cede power and keep your seat, or you don't and POTUS uses his extreme control over party loyalties to replace you with someone who will cede power anyway.

The two party system (natural consequence of first-past-the-post elections) is a fundamental design flaw in our Constitution which is why it doesn't exist in any government the US has helped architect since its own inception.

All of these things are related. They're an entire web of powers, as you can read about in the Federalist Papers. The founders feared factionalism and figured it would be inevitable, but did not foresee the natural equilibrium that would be found at only two parties and all the consequent pathologies we deal with today.
by dizlexic | 2025-09-15 14:02:55+00:00
I would honestly ask why you believe people of privilege should be allowed to ignore laws that are inconvenient?

You'll get no argument that our immigration laws aren't broken from me, but isn't it the purview of congress to change them? I'd even go a step further and say this is the root of the dysfunction in America. The belief that inconvenient laws should / can just be bypassed by a strong executive instead of placing pressure on a congress that is afraid to make any hard choices.
by triceratops | 2025-09-15 14:03:24+00:00
> Even Korean unions united with the UAW to condemn Hyundai-LG for this

The statement has a vague mention of the company forcing the workers to shoulder "visa risks". One sentence out of 5 paragraphs.

Most of the condemnation in that statement is about the actual raid. Even UAW, an American union, thought that went too far.

> It is WAY cheaper than paying the right insurance and US construction salairies ($20k-40k in SK)

It's not just salaries though is it? There's hotels/accommodation, flights, per diems. The churn of flying people back and forth. I presume Korean construction workers aren't necessarily fluent in English (I don't know how education there works) so there'd be some language friction. You might as well hire undocumented construction workers who are already in the country (which they have also been doing apparently).
by layer8 | 2025-09-15 14:03:34+00:00
The use case is to shorten the lifetime of an existing certificate. As long as the server serves the original certificate with the longer lifetime, the browser has no way to tell that it isn’t supposed to be that long anymore, without asking the CA.

Yes, you could restrict certificates to very short lifetimes like 24 hours or less, but that isn’t always practical for non-TLS use cases.
by jerf | 2025-09-15 14:03:44+00:00
A concept space of 10^43741 needs about 43741*3 bits to identify each concept uniquely (by the information theoretic concept of bit, which is more a lower bound on what we traditionally think of as bits in the computer world than a match), or about 16000-ish "bytes", which you can approximate reasonably as a "compressed text size". There's a couple orders of magnitude of fiddling around the edges you can do there but you still end up with human-sized quantities of information to identify specific concepts in a space that size rather than massively-larger-than-the-universe sized.

Things like novels come from that space. We sample it all the time. Extremely, extremely sparsely, of course.

Or to put it another way, in a space of a given size, identifying a specific component takes the log2 of the space's size in bits to identify a concept, not something the size of the space itself. 10^43741 is a very large space by our standards, but the log2 of it is not impossibly large.

If it seems weird for models to work in this space, remember that as the models themselves in their full glory are clocking in at multiple hundreds of gigabytes that the space of possible AIs using this neural architecture is itself 2^trillion-ish, which makes 10^43741 look pedestrian. Understanding how to do anything useful with that amount of possibility is quite the challenge.
by orev | 2025-09-15 14:04:13+00:00
The keyboard key is usually a hyphen, not an en-dash.

But I agree that because LLMs are trained on public documents, and most of those are written in Microsoft Word which has auto-format enabled by default, that is probably the source of so many LLMs using them.

Almost nobody, relatively speaking, even knows they exist, let alone goes out of their way to figure out the ALT code combination to use them. Most people can’t get their, they’re, and there right.
by trymas | 2025-09-15 14:04:15+00:00
Because it’s “forever chemical”. Factories release it into environment, it never chemically degrades, it gets into drinking, water, into animals and fish. You eat the animals and fish, etc.

Give it couple of decades of these cycles and you get trace amounts of those chemicals everywhere. Even where human may haven’t been.

https://youtu.be/-ht7nOaIkpI

Same as CO2 (and other gasses) affect not only immediate area of the factories and cities, but globally.
by DiabloD3 | 2025-09-15 14:04:52+00:00
>I'm not sure if I understand your thought process. I'm talking about distance errors between center of screen and edges of the screen, not singular distance.

Yes, I covered this above, but maybe it wasn't clear: this is only a concern on low quality polarizers on normal DPI LCDs. Mostly due to sub-pixel text rendering in combination with certain forms of eye problems (nearsightedness and astigmatism are two I know of, but aren't limited to that), your angle of view through the polarizer changes enough that it causes eye fatigue via color fringing.

Another issue is non-IPS/IPS-like screens: gamma and hue shift happens on traditional TFT and MVA/PVA screens, which leads to eye fatigue.

The fix for TFT and MVA/PVA is going to IPS. The fix for shitty polarizers is either good polarizers or exclusively HiDPI monitors (all 4k monitors of any size seem to have exceptionally good polarizers, in comparison of the past 20 years, even if the panels themselves are sometimes mediocre) or just getting rid of LCD altogether and going to MicroLED and OLED.

I have not observed extreme color fringing or LCD-like gamma/hue/brightness defects on off-angle viewing on MicroLED or OLED.

And for full disclaimer, I will state: some MicroLEDs and OLEDs do not have standard RGB layouts, which may lead to a different (although consistent) sub-pixel color fringing effect: DirectWrite in Windows only understands (V)RGB and (V)BGR, not any other alternative format which a lot of MicroLEDs and OLEDs seem to be experimenting with. Freetype CAN do others, but Gnome, KDE, and other desktops lack ability to describe new formats via GUI. This is less of a concern on HiDPI, but Windows is allergic to making greyscale AA a normal thing again.

So, to reiterate:

* Hue/gamma off angle: Curved can help, but so can using IPS or non-LCD

* Brightness off angle: Curved can help, but IPS is extremely mild, and non-LCD doesn't have it

* Sub-pixel text off angle: Curved can help, but good polarizers on IPS _or_ HiDPI IPS or MicroLED or OLED are better

* Sub-pixel text on-angle: Curved can't help, HiDPI is only way out.

So, given eye fatigue is what we're trying to cure, all the other technologies (which many curved monitors also employ) seem to be a better option.
by gusgus01 | 2025-09-15 14:05:28+00:00
I'm not sure a blanket statement like that can be made just because this will be so subjective and anecdotal. From a brief google, it would look pretty split. AI summary falls on the homemade cake mix side, but reading through some of the blog posts from both sides, I would really hesitate to view any of them as reliable just because bakers are going to be biased towards their preferred method, both psychologically and skill-wise. From my experience in baking competitions, my family and I have had better luck with homemade mixes.

I'm not disagreeing since taste is subjective, and for blind taste tests I could definitely see most people choosing what they are used to which would probably be box mixes. I'd be interested to see if culturally it's different since I think box mixes are generally more popular in the USA.
AuthTuna – A modern, async security framework for FastAPI
by shashstormer | 2025-09-15 14:06:57+00:00
https://github.com/shashstormer/authtuna

Hey everyone, creator of AuthTuna here.

For years, I've been building complex, multi-tenant APIs with FastAPI, and I've always found that implementing robust, granular, and truly async security is a huge pain point. You either roll your own and risk vulnerabilities, or you wrestle with frameworks that aren't async-native, causing performance bottlenecks.

I built AuthTuna to solve this. It's the async-first security framework I always wanted:

Truly Async Core: Built on asyncio and SQLAlchemy 2.0. No part of your security logic will block the event loop.

Granular Hierarchical Permissions (RBAC): Go beyond simple roles. You can define permissions like Organization -> Project -> Resource and check them with a simple Depends(PermissionChecker(...)).

Advanced Server-Side Sessions: It provides the security of server-side sessions (with hijack detection) without sacrificing the performance you'd expect from JWTs.

Great Developer Experience: Comes with Pydantic models, pre-built routers for auth flows, and clear dependencies to get you started in minutes.

I use it in my own production systems, so it's been well tested. The goal is to make robust security the easy path, not an afterthought.

I'd love to hear your thoughts and get your feedback. What are you currently using to handle auth in your async Python projects?
by mindslight | 2025-09-15 14:07:02+00:00
Okay, so let's not focus on strict application of the rules then. One of the main themes of Trumpism is using strict applications of rules as a cudgel to hurt people, and feel justified while doing so.

But this is Hacker News, right? We understand bending of the rules to build things. And the overriding constructive public policy goal here is reindustrialization.

To the extent LG is taking shortcuts with proper visa paperwork out of administrative expedience, that likely points to things that need to be reformed about the rules. To the extent that LG has been doing things directly contrary to public policy but now enforcement is stepping up, it would be better to address those things gradually without interrupting the project. Maybe still a surprise raid to catalog who is doing exactly what on the site, but then gradual "these guy needs to go, you've got two weeks to find local replacements" etc. The only point to doing a massive raid, arrest, detainment, and deportation is the spectacle.
by x187463 | 2025-09-15 14:07:36+00:00
Re-using this sort of device is super cool. I can imagine a post-apocalyptic scenario where a city is run on a hodgepodge of random computing devices like this.

I will say, though, disposable vapes with microcontrollers inside (and even full games and screens from recent reporting) are an egregious source of e-waste. Many layers of stupid are present here.
Clear Thinking beats deep thinking in LLM models
by sanskarmishra | 2025-09-15 14:07:45+00:00
We built our own LLM model - Class X from scratch having the core focus of enabling clear thinking inside LLMs as opposed to the conventional wisdom of deep thinking prioritised by AI labs. First we made architectural optimisations - 1.New CLEU optimiser 2. Improved data flow between layers 3.Custom CUDA kernels for backward pass What we did to achieve this was, we curated high quality data without nested arguements along with modification of answers to simple problems but which are verbose but not high quality. Overall, curation and annotation of data was the most crucial step in making the LLM think clearly, you can try the model at clearthinkai.com. Would be good to have you guys review the LLM model.
by Kim_Bruning | 2025-09-15 14:08:26+00:00
ESTA is the Electronic System for Travel Authorization, part of the Visa Waiver program.

Generally trying to get the right papers for something is trying to put the closest shaped peg into the oddly shaped hole.

Having once organized a small team across european borders during Covid, I've learned that it's actually pretty tricky to get papers that 100% correctly match what you need on the ground. Usually there's a bit of give and take needed on all sides to make the world turn.

In this case that process clearly broke down.
by GeneralMayhem | 2025-09-15 14:08:58+00:00
I hadn't thought about GitHub -I'm guessing the authors of the bill didn't either - but you're right, that is somewhat concerning. Still, I don't think it's the end of the world...

> The requirement is also that developers will request the signal. No scoping to developers that have a reason to care?

I don't see that requirement. Here's the sum total of the developer's responsibilities (emphasis added):

> A developer with actual knowledge that a user is a child via receipt of a signal regarding a user’s age shall, to the extent technically feasible, provide readily available features for parents to support a child user with respect to the child user’s use of the service and as appropriate given the risks that arise from use of the application, including features to do all of the following:

> (A) Help manage which accounts are affirmatively linked to the user under 18 years of age.

> (B) Manage the delivery of age-appropriate content.

> (C) Limit the amount of time that the user who is 18 years of age spends daily on application.

It would be nice if it had specific carve outs for things that aren't expected to interact with this system, but it seems like they're leaving it up to court judgment instead, with just enough wiggle room in the phrasing to make that possible.

If your application doesn't have a concept of "accounts", then A is obviously moot. If you don't deliver age-inappropriate content, then B is moot. The only thing that can matter is C, but I'd expect that (a) nobody is going to complain about the amount of time their kids are spending on Vim and (b) the OS would just provide that control at a higher level.
by ajross | 2025-09-15 14:09:09+00:00
> You can't change it because you don't have permission.

Well, right! Who gave the upthread commenter permission to rejigger all the recipes? Those are shared traditions, not something individuals are expected to "fix" without shared permission. That they don't happen to be stored in an authenticated and access-controlled medium isn't really part of the moral analysis.

> Your rude attitude is unwelcome.

Honestly I thought it was whimsy, not rudenss. I didn't expect highly paid tech professionals to be so thin-skinned about cooking, so that's on me. Apologies.

But at the same time, and for the same reason, refactoring your great grandparents' received wisdom is also rude, and that's the part here people have trouble with.
by legacynl | 2025-09-15 14:09:11+00:00
> drowning in unnecessary regulations/taxes/red tape

I think that's wrong and it's biasing your interpretation of what is happening. First of all I don't think they are 'drowning', business and projects get started every day in Europe/America, and obviously there's great prosperity being created. Secondly, I don't agree they're unnecessary.

It's like saying that someone remodeling the first floor of a large apartment building, can move faster by just knocking down walls instead of first hiring a building inspector to identify the load-bearing walls.

Of course if you're an autocratic country that doesn't care about anything else than the currently stated party position, you can do things that are impossible in other places. But they're obviously going to run into problems doing this. And some kind of problems aren't of the kind that you can fix afterwards by a policy-change.

It's like the story of the tortoise and the hare. Careful consideration might slow you down at first, but it will end up saving much more time by not having to fix mistake as well as redo it better.