MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ookdatnog | 2025-09-25 16:19:41+00:00
AFAIK the first somewhat widely-known language to do this was Haskell (through libraries). I'm not 100% clear on the entire history, but I think it goes something like:

1. Initially there was no way to do effects in Haskell, everything was pure.

2. Then it was realized that IO can be modeled with monads, so the IO type and do notation were added.

3. Gradual realization that monads can be used to also constrain effects, ie you can construct a type of "stateful computations" that can read and write to a specific state, but not touch other states or write to disk or something.

4. Monad transformers are invented, which allow stacking monads on top of eachother to support multiple effects. Together with type classes, this gets us pretty close to extensible effects (the approach used in Flix, if I understand it correctly). So for example you can express that your function needs to write to a log and may exit early with an error message with the constraints `(MonadWriter w m, MonadError e m) => ... -> m resultType`, and you can then use monad transformers to build a stack that provides both of these effects.

5. Monad transformers have some issues though: they affect performance significantly and the interaction between effects is tricky to reason about. So an alternative is sought and found in extensible effects. The initial proposals were, iirc, based on free monads, but those aren't great for performance either, so ever since there has been a whole zoo of different effects and handlers implementations that all make different trade-offs and compromises, of which I think the `effectful` library is now the de facto default, and I think what it offers is quite similar to the Flix language's effect system (I'm not sure on what finer points it differs).
by godshatter | 2025-09-25 16:20:21+00:00
I'm a C programmer who has tried to move to other languages, but I keep coming back to C for a few different reasons. It's a small language and I can keep it in my head along with much of the standard library and that's very useful. I've learned where to step to avoid most of the UB pitfalls and I've learned to simplify memory management as much as possible to avoid lifetime and ownership pitfalls. I do realize that this doesn't get rid of bugs completely, though.

Also, I started programming on a TRS-80 color computer with cassette tape storage and it still feels crazy to just do stuff and it allocates somewher and you have little control over what happens and some other process runs in the background that tries to clean up after you. I bounce off of languages (for hobby projects) with such a large list of features and with executable sizes that are so huge. I can't help it.
by Borg3 | 2025-09-25 16:21:07+00:00
Hah.. C as too high level :) Thats weird..

Its cool to design sth from scratch, like its own CPU, but it only makes sense if you really enjoy it.. Except, its waste of time. I myself live in retro computing abit, but it have it limits. Like, I would not go back to prised 6502 CPU. Yeah, it was great, legendary CPU, but if we take a look at even cheap options we can buy and use for hobbie projects, there are plenty of pretty quick and capable 32bit CPUs. Its hard to go below 32bit really.

Dont get me wrong, I pay big respect to demoscene, and what they can achieve on C64 for example :). Uber skilled guys, but this is an art :)
by joshdavham | 2025-09-25 16:21:18+00:00
Relevant blog post: https://www.gayle.com/blog/2011/10/29/why-coders-shouldnt-jo...

Something ironic I found when I was on my last job search (and applying to some YC startups) was that, despite startups often being critical of big tech, when describing their past experience, the founders (and their teams) never failed to ‘name drop’ the brand-name companies they’ve worked for.

Additionally, I think the reason a lot of founders threw my resume in the trash was because they couldn’t recognize the no-name startups I’ve worked at… Luckily I’m at a household name company now and even non-tech people recognize the company I work at.
by veeti | 2025-09-25 16:21:21+00:00
It is so tiresome to see Americans come to Europe and try to bring their hyperviolent, offensive society with them. It may come as a surprise to Mr. DeVault, but most Europeans left or right denounce political violence, even in the case of extremists like Kirk. And the same humility applies both ways: in my country even Mr. Kirk's shooter could become a rehabilitated lawyer or other respected member of society 20 or 30 years from now.

But no, here we are, throwing the f-word around willy nilly. We also don't have the First Amendment, and you don't have to be a rich multimillionaire like DHH to file a successful defamation case against such irresponsibility.
by JdeBP | 2025-09-25 16:21:30+00:00
One does not need a WWW-based editor to make that kind of font, if you're going to give it a go. A text editor and Viznut's perl scripts yields BDF files quite straightforwardly.

* https://github.com/jdebp/unscii/blob/2.1.1f/src/font-topaz.t...

* https://github.com/jdebp/unscii/blob/2.1.1f/src/font-spectru...
by rmah | 2025-09-25 16:21:30+00:00
While I have not read the quoted book, the first quote "Because European colonialists saw no jails, police, lawyers, judges, or courts in African indigenous societies, they mistakenly concluded these cultures had no way to address social conflict and wrongdoing" is more than odd given that most Europeans didn't have most of those things either until the 1800's. Thus, people would have been alive who remembered days before police and jails (as punishment, not holding before judgement/punishment). The first police force (as we would understand it today) in the world was formed in London in 1829.

The second quote, "In Western culture, we are socialized to believe that the desire to inflict counterviolence upon or retaliate against someone who has hurt us or a loved one is innate and that justice has always been done and will always be done in this way. In fact, far from universal or natural, this adversarial vision of justice is a relatively recent cultural and historical construction, arising around AD 1200 with the dawning of the nation-state and racial capitalism [my emphasis]." is also a strikingly bizarre take. I don't understand how anyone could think this.
by dodobirdlord | 2025-09-25 16:21:41+00:00
How does this relate to the original post? The original post posits that overregulation contributes to the dysfunction of the US healthcare system. The next response calls for specifics. The comment you responded to provides a specific regulation that may be contributing.

You respond questioning how that could explain why PE operated hospitals have worse outcomes. I agree, this doesn’t seem to have an explanatory power for why PE operated hospitals have worse outcomes, but how does that relate?
by fudged71 | 2025-09-25 16:21:52+00:00
Most interesting aspects (Notation+DSL) here:

Physical Reality as Type System

- Knitting notation treats physical constraints (yarn direction, needle capacity) as compile-time invariants, not runtime checks

- The notation literally cannot express impossible operations - unlike most programming languages where invalid states are runtime errors

Semantic 2D Syntax

- Spatial positioning encodes operational meaning, not just formatting

- Chart coordinates directly map to fabric coordinates - position IS semantics

- Most programming languages waste the 2D plane on purely aesthetic layout

Context-Dependency That Works

- Heavy context-switching (RS/WS, cable positions) remains manageable because contexts map to physical realities practitioners can feel

- Suggests context-dependent syntax works when contexts correspond to user’s embodied experience

- Contradicts typical CS wisdom that context-dependency is always bad design

Expert Chunking Over Beginner Clarity

- Single symbols encode 4+ sequential operations for expert efficiency

- Notation evolved to optimize pattern recognition for power users, not learning curves

- Inverse of typical programming language priorities (readability over expert speed)

Domain Invariants Enable Multi-Modal Translation

- Knotty’s translation capabilities required modeling yarn physics, not just syntax

- The type system encodes gauge, tension, and material properties as first-class constraints

- Shows DSL success requires modeling domain physics, not just domain vocabulary

Power-Law Feature Adoption

- 10 symbols for basics, 200+ for experts - mirrors programming language feature creep

- But knitting notation maintained backwards compatibility across complexity levels

- Suggests sustainable complexity growth patterns for language design
by solatic | 2025-09-25 16:21:57+00:00
I read this thinking about how movie studios tried to have a fully encrypted chain between the TV, the cable, the graphics card, all the way down so that HDCP would prevent anybody from putting something in the middle to record movies onto.

I don't think it's beyond the pale to argue that some shady headphone company could throw a cell modem into a set of over-the-ear headphones to exfiltrate audio. I just can't see the business case for it, even considering shadier business cases.
by zorobo | 2025-09-25 16:22:06+00:00
When our oven gave up the ghost last year, I bought one with WiFi connection. Installed it, then discovered that the smartphone app that goes with it is horrid, borderline unusable; moreover, oven programs (pizza/cake etc.) are only available on the app. Finally, when WiFi is on, the oven cannot be operated through its front panel.

We are left to using it in the most basic way, with its capacitive touch buttons, a downgrade from the previous oven…

Also, its interior lighting is on when door closed, but shuts off when we open the door. Who designs such things?
by nogridbag | 2025-09-25 16:22:42+00:00
> the CEO's husband is a democrat

Perhaps my Google-fu is dying, but isn't this the CEO's husband?

https://ballotpedia.org/Chad_Sweet

> Chad Sweet is a Republican political consultant based in Washington, D.C., and co-founder of the Chertoff Group, a business and security consulting firm.

> Sweet was the campaign chairman for Ted Cruz's 2016 presidential campaign and worked for the Central Intelligence Agency, several financial institutions, Department of Homeland Security, and the Texas Lyceum. In 2012, Sweet served as finance chairman for Cruz's Senate campaign.
by sidewndr46 | 2025-09-25 16:22:51+00:00
I worked at a place that was not dissimilar internally to Accenture, I find the "Juniors are getting fired if they don't have a project for 3 months," quite generous. You had a max of about 2 weeks where I worked, no matter your seniority. You could use PTO to stretch it out & then use internal re-training to stretch that quite a bit since we had approximately 40 hours of annual retraining that could be done 6 months early if needed. But after that, you got met by security at the door & your severance offer handed to you.
by skinkestek | 2025-09-25 16:22:55+00:00
It shouldn't be.

But here we have UN and other twisting it to fit a situation that clearly weren't meant to be covered by it.

Because if the war in Gaza can be called a genocide so can almost every single other major war!

Also it is absolutely ridiculous to call a war that is started by one side, and one that only that side can end, a genocide against the same side that started it!
by dvdkon | 2025-09-25 16:23:06+00:00
Great to see another Samsung NX hacker in the wild! I'm in the process of developing a mod for my NX300 and NX30 (with the NX2000 likely compatible). It doesn't do anything yet, but I've got a lot of work done on hooking ARM code [0] and compiling modern C++ for the cameras.

Personally I think the NX300/30/2000 are the most hackable cameras ever made, even compared to the NX1/500. The read-only rootfs isn't really a barrier, since the software runs a shell script from the SD card on boot (or rather resume from hibernation, it's a pretty clever system). And unlike the newer models, they don't have an RTOS coprocessor, so everything is handled in the easier-to-modify Linux code. It's not a design decision I would have made, but it makes in-depths mods easier.

The older cameras are also easy to unbrick, since the bootloader files used for firmware flashing without a working OS were released in the FLOSS code dump. The availability of some C headers in that dump is the cherry on top.

I'll admit I'd still rather have an NX500, I just bought the NX300 because I'm cheap :)

[0]: https://gitlab.com/dvdkon/pahil
by innanet-worker | 2025-09-25 16:23:15+00:00
well part of the reason why you may have felt mislead by that video is because it was staged so i wouldn't feel that bad.

https://www.reuters.com/technology/tesla-video-promoting-sel...

for me i have been riding in waymos the last year and have been very pleased with the results. i think we WANT this technology to move faster but the some of the challenges at the edges take a lot of time and resources to solve, but not fundamentally unsolvable.
by jeffbee | 2025-09-25 16:23:33+00:00
Again, this is not correct. Parked cars absolutely "participate in traffic" by making the other things in the city further apart and less convenient to reach without cars, and cars parked on the curb are taking up an entire lane of the street, which is half the street in many cases, or in some places like Manhattan the parking lanes are 2/3rds of the street.
by overfeed | 2025-09-25 16:23:36+00:00
> Im fairly sure that I could explain how to break up any long PR in a sensible way. Parent thinks couldnt be done, so do you - what is an example?

Not couldn't - but shouldn't, such as when there's tight coupling across many files/modules. As an example, changing the css classes and rules affecting 20+ components to follow updated branding should be in one big PR[1] for most branching strategies.

Sometimes it's easier to split this into smaller chunks and front-load reviews for PRs into the feature branch, and then merge the big change with no further reviews, which may go against some ham-fisted rule about merging to main. Knowing when to break rules and why, ownership, and caring for the spirit of the law and not just the letter are what separates mid-levels from seniors.

1. Or changeset, if your version control system allows stacking.
by mothballed | 2025-09-25 16:23:41+00:00
They can't sell the debt for uninsured non-emergent case for enough money to cover the doctor.

Cutting doctors means only the most prioritized triage cases makes it to doctors, which skews towards people that are employed or on medicare and the money can be recouped, and thus improves profitability.

It's an end-run against the requirement they take in the hordes of people with no insurance who show up to the ER for low-income cases and no way to pay it.

If doctors were so cheap as to be covered by the sales to debt collectors, the whole thing gets flipped, as it would be profitable to just hire armies of them to cover the hordes who come in with non-emergent cases.
by jackienotchan | 2025-09-25 16:23:49+00:00
AI crawlers have lead to a big surge in scraping activity, and most of these bots don't respect any scraping best practices that the industry has developed over the past two decades (robots.txt, rate limits, user agents, etc.).

This comes with negative side effects for website owners (costs, downtime, etc.), as repeatedly reported here on HN (and experienced myself).

Does Webhound respect robots.txt directives and do you disclose the identity of your crawlers via user-agent header?
by chuckadams | 2025-09-25 16:23:55+00:00
I think it's reasonable if one's applying as a full-stack developer, the app is something like a simple TODO list that isn't anything they'd actually use, and there isn't a high expectation of polish. Few hours of work at most, not days, and definitely not a first-interview thing. Expecting you to host it yourself is definitely unreasonable: they can build and run it themselves if they care that much, but eyeballing the source ought to be good enough in most cases.
Show HN: Scout AI (Neo '24) – A sales prospecting tool that works
by carredondo | 2025-09-25 16:24:31+00:00
Hi HN. We're Christian and Daniel, cofounders of Scout AI (https://scoutnow.ai) which is backed by Neo.

We were tired of wasting time on bulky sales tools, so we built one that is lightweight and actually works in terms of generating relevant leads for your business.

Here's an intro / demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8m1tWDkdrY

Scout understands your business and target customer profile, and then works 24/7 to automatically source and qualify leads based on your exact criteria.

It can check things like:

- Healthcare: make sure the practice has at least 5 doctors/providers

- B2B SaaS: focus on startups that are Series A or B and raised more than 12 months ago

- Local businesses: make sure they have at least 10 locations across 2 or more states

Our goal is to help startups and SMBs compete with large players by leveling the prospecting playing field, so that you don't need an entire team of "GTM engineers".

Last week, Scout qualified 5K leads in under 24 hours for one healthcare SaaS founder, and then he booked 3 discovery calls in one day.

We'd appreciate feedback, especially from folks who are running a successful top-of-funnel using other tools, and we are here to answer any questions.

Happy prospecting .
by roguecoder | 2025-09-25 16:24:42+00:00
"Why is the specific id excluded?" is exactly the kind of thing we can capture in code, and that a good code review will flag.

It takes two seconds to write `EVIL_IDS_THAT_STOLE_OUR_LUNCH_MONEY=[1] [...] NOT IN EVIL_IDS_THAT_STOLE_OUR_LUNCH_MONEY` instead of `NOT IN [1]` and then not hate your past self six months from now when you have to figure out why something has been excluded.

If some code can't be understood today, it's not going to be able to be understood when someone comes to modify it. Maybe in your domain all the code is write-once-read-never, but for those of us maintaining enterprise software that isn't an option.

We absolutely expect our reviewers to fully understand the code. If you want a quick shortcut to make that cultural change, have any bugs in code go to the code reviewer instead of the original author. You will find people start taking code reviews a whole lot more seriously.
by 1718627440 | 2025-09-25 16:24:53+00:00
Beyond the fine, the airlines will try to get their losses in millions back from someone. If it turns out to have been a private person, there will be lawsuits. In general parents are liable for their children. When a child is old enough to fly a drone on its own, I think it will also be of partial-legal age. Acceptance of manslaughter and threat to national security is not taken lightly.
by thehappypm | 2025-09-25 16:24:54+00:00
No, it’s more like a billboard saying, “looking for a Honda? ᶠᵒʳᵈˢ ᵃʳᵉ ᵇᵉᵗᵗᵉʳ ᵃⁿᵈ ʸᵒᵘ ᶜᵃⁿ ᵍᵉᵗ ᵗʰᵉᵐ here!
by OutOfHere | 2025-09-25 16:24:59+00:00
Software developers are fully capable of writing good quality software without a need for licensing, but managers and product people come in the way. If I had to write 5x tests covering every branch, my software would never complete.

What I suggest considering instead of licensing is a voluntary GAP (good authorship practices) certification for a project, unique to each approved programming language, comparable to GMP (good manufacturing practices) in the pharmaceutical and food processing industries. Customers should then develop a culture of licensing commercial software only if it has this certification. As for who will certify, on what basis, at what cost, and how will it keep up with changes in the real world, all of these are good questions.
by privatelypublic | 2025-09-25 16:25:13+00:00
Nice! But, doesn't negate my intent: warning that .net isn't immune to the binary serialization issues.

I haven't had much of a chance to work with non-framework/mono unfortunately. So, good to see they made the issues explicit. Though, I chuckle at the idea of companies upgrading such to errors via config- but thats an iceberg of "the street is looking better than doing more coding."
by DangitBobby | 2025-09-25 16:25:16+00:00
Most markets fail here. I can't even make good decisions about which electronics or appliances to buy, which restaurants to visit, which mechanic to use, and it's not for lack of research or unwillingness to pay. Advertising allows brands to build undeserved market reputation, and brands regularly sabotage their own legitimately established brand reputation for financialization.
by christianqchung | 2025-09-25 16:25:20+00:00
Look at Waymo, not Robotaxi. Waymo is essentially the self driving vision I had as a kid, and ridership is growing exponentially as they expand. It's also very safe if you believe their statistics[0]. I think there's a saying about overestimating stuff in the short term and underestimating stuff in the long term that seems to apply here, though the radiologist narrative was definitely wrong.

[0] https://waymo.com/safety/impact/
by jakeinspace | 2025-09-25 16:25:25+00:00
Restorative justice makes a lot of sense to me in a society that has weak or no centralized power. Social hierarchy sure, but not an absolute monarch. Once you have a strong government with a monopoly on violence (police), then you can attempt to enforce retaliatory justice in a controlled and ideally neutral way, by the state. Without a monopoly on violence, then obviously just doling out mob retaliatory violence leads to anarchy.

I'm not sure that you can have a modern large society with millions of strangers that relies only on restorative justice. I think you need strong communal cohesion for that to work by itself, and even in a relatively culturally homogeneous society, I'm not sure that scales beyond the size of towns.
by cowpig | 2025-09-25 16:25:37+00:00
You are thinking of "Palestinians" as a collective group, synonymous with a group of extremists who have done horrible things

Just as most of the citizens of Iran are victims of an Islamic totalitarian government, just as many Germans were victims of the fascist dictatorship that took hold of their nation, most human beings living near the southeast bit of the Levantine Sea are victims of actions outside their control.

They're collectively paying the price for horrific violence on both sides of an ugly, tragic conflict that they have no power over.

Giving those victims some sovereignty and peace would not be "rewarding" extremists, it would be taking a tiny step towards sanity.