MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by kashunstva | 2025-08-08 20:24:52+00:00
For VFR (visual flight rules) flights in the U.S., a flight plan is not needed and many such flights are made without a flight plan. If a VFR flight is conducted without talking to anyone, to and from uncontrolled fields, then they would be squawking 1200, in which case the flight wouldn't be identified on Flight Aware. Unless there's some unique ID being transmitted by ADS-B...
by beezle | 2025-08-08 20:24:56+00:00
So many, many HOAs and condo assocs. are poorly managed and have no capital plans (I even had a condo once where the agreement prohibited a capital fund!).

Two points - first to yours on it being more difficult to sell. In fact, it can be the opposite. To get a mortgage these days it often requires the hoa/condo to have at least 10% of the annual budget in reserves. While often not the case, buyers should also be comparing the relative reserve states too and realize low reserves means specials

The second point is that failure to reserve the majority of the cost of expected capital needs can result in a situation of liens and foreclosures (to get a paying owner in) and the HOA going cup in hand to a bank who may or may not loan the shortfall at a terrible interest rate. Or the project is put on hold and the cost may rise because of inflation or further deterioration of whatever was being renovated.

When homeowners gripe about the dues and 'look how much is in reserves' I always ask: so when the roof needs to be replaced, you'll be good to cut a $5 or 10K check within 30 days? No? That is why the HOA reserves the vast majority of the cost.
by latchkey | 2025-08-08 20:24:57+00:00
Not a fan of fear based marketing: "The whole world is too big and expensive for you to participate in, so use our service instead"

I'd rather approach these things from the PoV of: "We use distillation to solve your problems today"

The last sentence kind of says it all: "If you have 30k+/mo in model spend, we'd love to chat."
by ryao | 2025-08-08 20:26:03+00:00
VCs are run by people with big pockets. See the softbank's vision fund for an example. VC funds typically involve Accredited Investors, who all have big pockets, rather than the rest of us:

https://www.sec.gov/resources-small-businesses/capital-raisi...

As for capital markets, I had misunderstood what the term meant when I replied, as your definition and the definition at wikipedia at a glance looked like it described the lending portion of fractional reserve banking and I never needed a term to discuss the individual "capital" markets collectively. Investopedia has a fairly good definition:

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/capitalmarkets.asp

I am going to assume that by capital markets, you really mean the stock market (as the others make even less sense for getting a new business off the ground to produce something new). Unfortunately, a business needs to be at a certain level of maturity before they can do an IPO on the stock market. VC exists for the time before an IPO can be done. Once they are at that size, the stock market can definitely inject funding and that funding could be used for R&D. However, share dilution to raise funds for R&D is not sustainable, so funding for R&D needs to eventually transition to revenue from sales. This would be why the various inventions I had listed had not been funded from capital markets. I imagine many other useful inventions had not been either.

That said, the stock market also is 90% owned by the wealthiest 10% of Americans, so the claim that "Capital markets exist by pooling in the savings even by poor and middle class households" is wrong:

https://seekingalpha.com/news/4464647-deeper-dive-the-wealth...

In any case, despite your insistence that money does not trickle down, your own example of capital markets shows money trickling down. The stock market in particular is not just 90% owned by the wealthiest Americans, but is minting new millionaires at a rapid pace, with plenty of rags to riches stories from employees at successful businesses following IPOs.
by ohdeargodno | 2025-08-08 20:26:12+00:00
"Nukes made Japan surrender" is a lie americans keep repeating to make themselves feel good about what is probably one of the most horrible mass civilian casualty event of the last century. Every single serious researcher, both at the time and today agree that Japan would have surrendered. Every single event, document, information points this way.

Justifying nukes with "we could have done something worse" is... an incredibly american thing to say, yes.
by Rucadi | 2025-08-08 20:26:13+00:00
Cool project!

I'm kinda of the opinion that the real option to handle dotfiles is to override/overlay the package itself with the dotfiles, patching if necessary in order to make it look to the dotfile inside the store, so you can copy the closure of *your* whole app to any machine even if they don't use/can't use nix tho.
by xenadu02 | 2025-08-08 20:26:25+00:00
Flight plans are only required for IFR flights in many countries. The VFR rules vary (altitude, area, etc). You can file a VFR flight plan if you want to but it is not required.

On the other hand you can't enter Clasa B airspace (the airspace around large airports) without permission from ATC. You also can't fly above 18,000ft in the US under VFR. That keeps small planes mostly away from the big jets.
by nwienert | 2025-08-08 20:26:58+00:00
Actually it's both instant UX and far simpler code. With Zero I define a table schema, relationships, and permissions in beautifully simple code, then I also write my queries including relations with a nice typed query-builder, and I get not just instant UX but also perfectly fetched and synced data with permissions and mutations that are fully consistent without any extra thought.

Doing that with any other system, sync-engine or not, requires a huge mess of code and ends up implementing some sort of ad-hoc glue code to make even a part of this work.

I'm building an app right now with it and I'm currently so much further ahead in development than I could be with any other setup, with no bugs or messy code.

Your choice is either 100% server-side like v1 Rails, or some sort of ad-hoc sync/update system. My argument is either you should stick 100% server side, or go all the way client properly with a good sync engine. It's the middle part that sucks, and while there's a chunk of apps that benefit from fully server, it's not really an argument that you can build much faster responding apps client-side and that users generally prefer it, rightly so.
by polotics | 2025-08-08 20:27:48+00:00
Well you know what, none of my ancestors fought in WWII... So, visiting the Yasukuni Jinja in Tokyo, I was quite shocked by the interpretation of history on the walls there, that was stating that Japan had been strangled of any resources access by the West, and had to attack Pearl Harbour as a desperate measure of self defense. Taking pictures was forbidden but I took one anyways, and some older Japanese man accosted me, asked for my nationality, I answerer truthfully being from a smaller southern european nation, and he laughed in my face clearly thinking that country name meant hilarious inferiority. This was in 2006, not so long ago. A Large black bus was loudly spewing out extreme-right propaganda outside. Left that country, thought about their birth rate...
by lenerdenator | 2025-08-08 20:28:57+00:00
Most people buying laptops, probably.

The advantage is all of that legacy software that some process relies on and hasn't been meaningfully updated in 10+ years and won't be ported over to the ARM processors that you damned kids are running on because back in my day we paid for one copy of x86 software and that got us through 10 winters, dammit.
by Arch-TK | 2025-08-08 20:29:18+00:00
Location: London area, UK

Remote: Yes (currently full time remote for 6 years, okay with going hybrid depending on distance)

Willing to relocate: No

Technologies: Linux/*nix, Rust/C/Python/..., low level (kernel contributor, also experienced in embedded), systems programming, back-end, have even done front-end but it's not my forte

Résumé/CV: https://kramkow.ski/cv.pdf

Email: tomasz@kramkow.ski

I've got at least some experience with practically everything you can imagine. I've spent the last 6 years in software-focused security but would like to get back to making (secure) things.
by davidw | 2025-08-08 20:29:24+00:00
Sure, but my point is that there are people that reason like "such and such an elected official is bad, therefore everything they do is bad and will have drastic results", and that's not particularly informative even when I agree about the elected official being bad.

Krugman does a decent job of not letting his opinions about the political aspects color his analysis too much.

Things like

"Contrary to what many people believe, tariffs don’t necessarily lead to high unemployment. America had a high average tariff even before Smoot-Hawley — 15.8 percent in 1929 — but the unemployment rate in 1929 was under 3 percent."

He doesn't like the tariffs, he (and pretty much any serious economists) think they're bad, but he tries to be clear about why they're bad rather than just waving his hands at everything.
by Kye | 2025-08-08 20:29:29+00:00
The idea of fragmentation depends on a model of decentralization that still makes the platform inseparable from the data it works with. AT separates concerns so that the priorities of your data host and the priorities of your platform host can conflict without one being able to control the other even if you don't self-host. All the reviews are just an entry in your PDS, so it's all there for any new or existing platform.

Thousands of people have already set up their own PDSes and it's inevitable managed hosts will appear soon. Blacksky just started migrating people over to its own PDS. AT's credible exit is close to reality after about two years while all the promise of ActivityPub and predecessor protocols has yet to materialize after over 15 years.
by TMWNN | 2025-08-08 20:30:30+00:00
Lovell, as Pilot, flew with Frank Borman as Command Pilot on Gemini 7. They spent two very unpleasant weeks in space.[1]

Borman commanded Apollo 8, the first manned flight to the moon, again with Lovell. However, Lovell had by then commanded Gemini 12. So the odd situation resulted in which the person with more spaceflight experience was not commander.[2]

Lovell has another distinction besides the whole "survived almost certain death in space on Apollo 13" thing: He is the only one of the three Apollo 8 crewmen to have not become a Fortune 500 CEO. (Frank Borman ran Eastern Airlines, and Bill Anders ran General Dynamics.)

[1] TIL that NASA's Gemini 7 space mission lasted for 14 days. After rendezvousing with Gemini 6 on the 11th day, the two astronauts had nothing to do other than read books in the very cramped cockpit. Frank Borman, the commander, said that the last three days were "bad".<https://www.reddit.com/r/todayilearned/comments/1ccpszs/til_...>

[2] This has happened a few more times, including the current Crew-11 to ISS, in which a rookie is commander while the other three have all flown in space before
by Jimmc414 | 2025-08-08 20:30:31+00:00
What sort of issues are you running into?

I would suggest a decomposition approach building specification or requirements documents for components one at a time with multiple passes using whatever output you have from figma as context.

Opus, o3(o5) and gemini pro are good at this. I instructed the model to build a comprehensive specification.md for the components (eg UI, data transform, data export) one at a time and instructed the model to ask me questions where anything is unclear or ambiguous. Once you have the component spec documents, you can go straight into implementation if you feel good about it or have a model create requirements.md (specify must, must not verbiage) -> architecture.md (specify complete architecture document but without any code) -> implementation.md (specify a complete stand alone implementation document for the programmer to use that contains all code and instructions) using the specification documents as context then give it to any frontier model to implement. Add as many screenshots as you have to represent UI components.

This has worked well for me when the documentation I have is insufficent.
by gr3ml1n | 2025-08-08 20:30:49+00:00
Well, first, it would be so far beyond anything we can comprehend as intelligence that even asking that question is considered silly. An ant isn't asking us how we measure the acidity of the atmosphere. It would simply do it via some mechanism we can't implement or understand ourselves.

But, again with the caveats above: if we assume an AI that is infinitely more intelligent than us and capable of recursive self-improvement to where it's compute was made more powerful by factorial orders of magnitude, it could simply brute force (with a bit of derivation) everything it would need from the data currently available.

It could iteratively create trillions (or more) of simulations until it finds a model that matches all known observations.
by iamleppert | 2025-08-08 20:30:49+00:00
Not everything that seems "interesting" is worth it to learn from an economic perspective. Could it be worthwhile for someone studying for the A+ Computer Technician test? Maybe. Could it be worth it for someone looking to impress their boss Harry? Possibly, if Harry also controls your pay and has a penchant for overpaying for locally run infrastructure and a distrust of the cloud. Possibly. These kinds of investments are based evaluated at the individual level --- not everyone will benefit. Some may find themselves no more competitive in the job market as your average IT clown, but as always, results will vary.
by Uehreka | 2025-08-08 20:30:54+00:00
People on HN do a lot of wishful thinking when it comes to the macOS LLM situation. I feel like most of the people touting the Mac’s ability to run LLMs are either impressed that they run at all, are doing fairly simple tasks, or just have a toy model they like to mess around with and it doesn’t matter if it messes up.

And that’s fine! But then people come into the conversation from Claude Code and think there’s a way to run a coding assistant on Mac, saying “sure it won’t be as good as Claude Sonnet, but if it’s even half as good that’ll be fine!”

And then they realize that the heavvvvily quantized models that you can run on a mac (that isn’t a $6000 beast) can’t invoke tools properly, and try to “bridge the gap” by hallucinating tool outputs, and it becomes clear that the models that are small enough to run locally aren’t “20-50% as good as Claude Sonnet”, they’re like toddlers by comparison.

People need to be more clear about what they mean when they say they’re running models locally. If you want to build an image-captioner, fine, go ahead, grab Gemma 7b or something. If you want an assistant you can talk to that will give you advice or help you with arbitrary tasks for work, that’s not something that’s on the menu.
by michelpp | 2025-08-08 20:31:03+00:00
Not sure why this is being downvoted, it's a thoughtful comment. I too see this crisis as an opportunity to push boundaries past current architectures. Sparse models for example show a lot of promise and more closely track real biological systems. The human brain has an estimated graph density of 0.0001 to 0.001. Advances in sparse computing libraries and new hardware architectures could be key to achieving this kind of efficiency.
by gbacon | 2025-08-08 20:31:09+00:00
Yes, there has to be a trail, but not from flight plans.

In the U.S., ATC does not receive VFR flight plans (except for the weird special case of the D.C. SFRA, but even those are filed as IFR flight plans), only Search and Rescue. Flying in instrument conditions requires being on an IFR flight plan.
by jcranmer | 2025-08-08 20:31:21+00:00
Some pretty gross historical inaccuracies here, in an opinion piece trying to tell people to be mindful of historical context:

> One of the last rooms of the museum next to the shrine contains a long, well-illustrated explanation — in Japanese and English — of how President Franklin D. Roosevelt forced Japan to attack Pearl Harbor, and it makes a pretty convincing case. I hadn’t realized how steadily Roosevelt had cut off Japan from copper, from American scrap steel, then from oil.

... the US cut those off because of Japan's invasion of China. It's actually a pretty gross whitewashing of Japanese history, the same reason why China and Korea are so frustrated at Japan: Japan constantly pretends that the only thing it did wrong was lose WW2. Blaming the US for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor is exactly the same kind of thing as blaming Ukraine for Russia's invasion of Ukraine.

> Americans weren’t exactly innocents on this score, since we had taken the bases that the Japanese attacked in December 1941 — Hawaii and the Philippines — from the unraveling Spanish and British empires.

Uh... the British Empire didn't unravel until after WW2. The Philippines were taken from the Spanish. But Hawaii was a fully independent kingdom, and even after the sugar interests sponsored a revolution that overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy and then begged to be annexed by the US, the US dithered and only annexed it a few years later when the Japanese were making a move to annex Hawaii instead.
by mixmastamyk | 2025-08-08 20:32:35+00:00
May be, but hard to prove either way without an A/B timeline test.

"Military historian Gian Gentile disputed this counterfactual, stating that testimony from Japanese leaders in USSBS interrogations supported the likelihood of Japan continuing the war beyond November and December 1945. Gentile stated that survey authors chose not to publish such evidence, as it challenged their conclusions."
by Derelicte | 2025-08-08 20:33:23+00:00
N100 is faster and more efficienct than any Ivy bridge E3. At idle the Xeon draws roughly 20W more, which works out to $30USD/year at the national average electricity prices. That gap widens as the load increases.

I can totally see why someone who doesnt need expandability would choose the cheap mini PC.
by FabHK | 2025-08-08 20:33:37+00:00
Trivia: Jim Lovell is the only person to fly to the moon twice without landing on it (scheduled "test flight" on Apollo 8, unscheduled emergency on Apollo 13).

12 people flew to the moon without landing on it, now only 1 is still alive (Fred Haise).

12 people walked on the moon, 4 are still alive (Buzz Aldrin, David Scott, Charles Duke, Harrison Schmitt).

(Conclusion: walking on the moon is healthy?)
by Hemospectrum | 2025-08-08 20:34:07+00:00
Rent can continue to go up as long as there is room (literally physical space) in whatever housing is still on the market. Ten years ago you might have been able to afford your own apartment. Now you need three roommates. Soon you'll need seven, and then fifteen, and that can just keep going up as long as that number of bodies can be crammed into the same lodgings.
by ryandrake | 2025-08-08 20:34:13+00:00
Unfortunately, deglobalization-by-edict is not going to bring jobs or industry back, it's just going to make things more expensive and inefficient to build. China has entire cities that are laid out like a giant assembly line, with raw materials inland, manufacturing and assembly midway, and final packaging and shipping at the coasts. Plus a skilled workforce trained to make it all work. We're not going to replicate this in Detroit or Houston.
by gerikson | 2025-08-08 20:34:16+00:00
The US had already firebombed many Japanese cities with conventional weapons, causing death and destruction on the scale of Hiroshima

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Tokyo_(10_March_194...

Using the atom bomb was just making an existing policy more effective, because you could flatten a city with one bomber instead of ~300.

The bombs didn't cause Japan to surrender. The bombs plus the Soviet declaration of war, invoking both the almost certain defeat of the Kwantung Army on the Asian mainland and a grueling defense against both the Soviet Union and Western allies contributed too. And the surrender was almost stopped by a coup at the very last minute.
by neyandex | 2025-08-08 20:34:48+00:00
That's fair feedback, thank you. I know many on HN aren't fans of Medium.

The core idea is a shift from AI as a 'tool' to AI as a 'cognitive mirror' with a built-in ethical guardian, designed to help users with self-realization, not just productivity.

The full manifesto is on GitHub, if you prefer reading it there: https://github.com/Paganets/ai-symbiote-manifesto
by jl6 | 2025-08-08 20:35:08+00:00
If the explanation really is, as many comments here suggest, that prompts can be run in parallel in batches at low marginal additional cost, then that feels like bad news for the democratization and/or local running of LLMs. If it’s only cost-effective to run a model for ~thousands of people at the same time, it’s never going to be cost-effective to run on your own.
by nazgulnarsil | 2025-08-08 20:35:43+00:00
US has tensions (lack of broad social agreement) in its regard for several subjects, so those areas absorb infinite money as the incoherent regulations and rent seeking around those black holes festers. Housing, Medicine, Education, Justice/Policing/Prison system. Denial of reality is always expensive. If you ask the median voter questions about any of these areas it is certain that there will be many basic misunderstandings about them.
by tadfisher | 2025-08-08 20:35:59+00:00
It's amusing that nixpkgs contributors have spent thousands of human-hours to craft a module system suitable for patching and wrapping any piece of software to accept static configuration, but NixOS, home-manager, and now json2dir end up producing an activation script which litters the filesystem with said configuration.

Everything runs just so much better if the binaries in your profile are wrapper scripts that essentially run "program --config /nix/store/<hash>-program.config". Each file that needs to be copied or symlinked to a "blessed" location in the global mount namespace via an activation script is a failure opportunity, which breaks the atomicity of profile activation and leaves you (or some complicated logic in NixOS/home-manager) to clean up the mess.

Even in the case that a program cannot be patched to run this way, it is easy these days to bind-mount into a clean namespace via bwrap or similar. Alas, shared libraries are kind of the Achilles' heel of this approach.
by andsoitis | 2025-08-08 20:36:03+00:00
> > the issue is that the GP's premise ("When super-rich people receive money, it goes mostly to tax havens, removing it from circulation.") is invalid.

> Is it?

Yes, it is an inaccurate belief. The super-rich don't take most of the money (did the person mean money or did they mean wealth?) they receive, remove it from the economic system, and stash it unproductively in a tax haven.
by petsfed | 2025-08-08 20:36:08+00:00
It's not over atomic energy. It's that it's no coincidence that all 5 members of the UN security council have nuclear weapons. The threat of their use gets things done, and that fades the more countries have nuclear weapons. So, insofar as there is a sinister motive to Hiroshima drumbeating, it's specifically to preserve the viability of the nuclear threat. Consider how different the current war in Ukraine would look if Ukraine still had nuclear weapons. How different would the situation in Gaza look if any of Israel's immediate neighbors also had nuclear weapons?

I'd also argue that the correct emotional response to the destruction rendered by a single airplane (vs. the 325 used for the Tokyo Firebombing) is abject horror, and that should cause any person to seriously question their use.

I'm not here to dispute that nuclear power is good or that the alternative to bombing Hiroshima and/or Nagasaki was worse than the bombings. It's that while Truman et al may have understood the extrema situation the Allies were in, that's no guarantee that future users of atomic weapons would be so deliberate.