MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by CSMR | 2025-08-09 19:15:27+00:00
Lack of expressions is the main C# deficiency that will never get resolved. The other big advantage of F# is that it can be very easy to understand: file ordering means that you can read through from start to end to understand the code.

Ordinarily in a mixed codebase, the F# comes nearer the start, with C# depending on F#. That's because C# has lots of glue code to connect to the outside world (xaml, cshtml, EF...) and this is less straightforward to migrate to F#. The only problems with mixing languages is when you want F# in the middle of some project where it depends on some parts of the project and other parts of the project depend on it. But if you can identify something independent in a C# project and extract that out, you have already made the project simpler.

You can ignore async and use task. You can use async in the (very rare) cases when you don't want a hot task. You can also ignore Option and use ValueOption all the time. The struct types are new and have meant that F# does not have a performance deficit.

ValueOption is just better than Nullable<> since Nullable<> restricts to value types only. Resulting in Nullable composing terribly and requiring ad-hoc code everywhere.
by josteink | 2025-08-09 19:15:37+00:00
I believe this is the guy he's talking about. By linking to this, I'm not saying the allegations are true, but it's the discussion I've seen mentioned elsewhere, which I believe OP is referring to:

https://x.com/LundukeJournal/status/1944505084919816337

> Tomorrow, July 14th, at the annual Debian Conference (DebConf ‘25), Jeremy Bicha will be speaking.

> Bicha, as we learned last week (after he defaced an open source wiki page, calling people “Nazis”), is a registered sex offender — convicted after having committed “thousands” of assaults of young children.

> Bicha, an employee of Canonical (the parent company of Ubuntu) will be representing both Debian and GNOME at DebConf 25.

Edit: Digging deeper into the X threads, this seems to be one of the root the sources of the claim:

https://wng.org/articles/the-high-cost-of-negligence-1617309...

Edit 2: Just to be clear, I myself am a Debian user. Not a hater. I'd just hate to see Debian's reputation needlessly tarnished by having the wrong people promoted to publicly represent the project.
Show HN: Goat – An open-source social debate platform
by umarov | 2025-08-09 19:15:56+00:00
We are building GOAT, a new open-source platform for social debate. Our goal was to create a modern and more engaging space for discussions, moving beyond traditional forums. We wanted to build a place where conversations are not only intelligent but also fun.

To make it more engaging, we added features like interactive 3D achievement badges that you earn as you participate. We also integrated AI that lets you create a unique profile picture just by typing a description of what you want. Behind the scenes, AI also helps keep the discussions constructive.

The platform is live, and as it's open-source, we are constantly working on improving it. We would love to hear your feedback!

Live (https://www.goat.uz) Repository (https://github.com/umaarov/goat-dev)
by dmitrybrant | 2025-08-09 19:16:56+00:00
A hearty +1 to using WinForms (as long as your desktop app targets Windows only, of course). The fact that WinForms has outlasted so many other UI toolkits is a testament to its simplicity and ease of use. I still use it in numerous personal projects, and I don't foresee Microsoft dropping support for it anytime in the near future.
by username332211 | 2025-08-09 19:17:27+00:00
What freeloaders are you talking about? This is complete nonsense.

Residency controls exist to solve the Economic Problem. The amount of people that want to live in global cities is endless. Even if you socialize all the housing in New York, there will be people that want to live in the city but won't be able to. It is the job of the economic system to determine who gets in and who doesn't.

That's why socialized housing requires residency controls, but if those were implemented in the United States, the country could reap the specified benefits of of the Soviet system.

Finally, you speak of encouraging growth elsewhere, but what can be more productive for the growth of West Virginia, than to tell every man born in that state that he shall also die in that state. What can be better for industrial development, but a labor force that can't move away?

It's so sad to see communists cling to capitalist concepts like that. Communism has no future so long as it's supporters refuse to understand that Marx's magnificent philosophical and political system rejects borgeous human rights.
by ivape | 2025-08-09 19:17:51+00:00
That 7% from rich people, where does it go?

Let’s say the school decides they have enough money without that 7%. They figure out they don’t need to be that rich. Does that mean they can’t do more institutionally or does it mean they can’t do more organizationally (which is just get bigger, more heads, more money)? What does it really mean for them to suddenly become ethical and say they don’t want that blood money anymore?

That’s what I’m trying to figure out. It’s a follow the money situation, and it’s important to figure out who is beholden to that 7% when it comes into their system. If we find out it’s the giant cafeteria building, then maybe we settle for a smaller one. But if we find out it’s making certain people fat in the pockets, then you’re on to something.

——

Aside, society should really start encouraging the most talented to consider the ethics of institutions they go to. Whether that be Palantir or Stanford. Legacy admissions is just straight unethical, and Stanford students need to protest this.
by ahaucnx | 2025-08-09 19:17:57+00:00
What’s important to understand is that PM2.5 is not PM2.5.

It only defines the diameter of the particles but can be composed of very different elements. From salt that dissolves in the lungs to toxic metals.

Currently it is extremely difficult to get a comprehensive understanding of the health impacts of these particles.

Much more research needs to be done to understand which particle compositions and thus what sources of air pollution (eg traffic, wildfires, factories, landfills, ports etc) have what kind of health effects.

If you are interested to see an image how different PM2.5 particle look like, have a look at the photo in this blog post that one of our in-house scientists wrote [1].

[1] https://www.airgradient.com/blog/pm25-is-not-pm25/

(Edited and replaced weight with diameter)
by dragonwriter | 2025-08-09 19:18:01+00:00
An agent (in the way the term is commonly currently used around LLMs) is a combination of LLM, external tools, and management framework such that the total system can make (and make use of the results of) one or multiple multiple tool calls at the LLM direction without intervening user interaction to serve user needs. (Usually, in practice, this takes place in between the request and response in what is otherwise a typical chatbot-style interaction, though there are other possibilities.)
by rcarr | 2025-08-09 19:18:04+00:00
Adding another comment as over the last few days I have discovered more tools for this flow although I have yet to try any of them out:

- https://conductor.build/

- https://www.superclaude.sh/

- https://github.com/bmad-code-org/BMAD-METHOD

- https://github.com/ruvnet/claude-flow

- https://github.com/smtg-ai/claude-squad

- https://steveasleep.com/autowt/

- https://github.com/stravu/crystal

- https://plandex.ai/
by ModernMech | 2025-08-09 19:18:14+00:00
There's no question they have capabilities that no other tool has. But a good tool goes beyond just doing something, there are some generally agreed upon principles of tool design that make something good versus just useful.

For example, I think a hammer is a good tool because every time I swing it at a nail, it provides the force necessary to drive it into the wood. It's reliable. Sure, sometimes a hammer breaks, but my baseline expectation in using one is that every time I swing the hammer it will behave the same way.

Something more complicated, like a Rust compiler is also a good tool in the same way. It's vastly more intricate than the hammer, yet it still has the good tool property of being reliable; every time I press compile, if the program is wrong, then the compiler tells me that. If it's right, then the compiler passes every time. It doesn't lie, it doesn't guess, it doesn't rate limit, it doesn't charge a subscription, it doesn't silently update causing code to fail, it informs when changes are breaking and what they are, it allows me to pick my version and doesn't silently deprecate me without recourse, etc.

There are of course ecosystems out there where building a project is more like a delicate dance, or a courtship ritual, and those ecosystems are pain in the ass to deal with. I'm talking XKCD #1987, or NodeJS circa 2014, or just the entire rationale behind Docker. People exit their careers to not have to deal with such technology, because it's like working at the DMV or living in Kafka's nightmares. LLMs are more in that direction, and no one is going to like where we end up if we make them our entire stack, as seems to be the intent by the powers that be.

There's a difference between what LLMs are and what they're being sold as. For what they are, they can be useful and may one day they will be turned into good tools if some of the major flaws are fixed.

On the other hand, we are in the process of totally upending the way our industry works on the basis of what these things will be, which they are selling as essentially an oracle. "The smartest person who know in your pocket", "a simultaneous expert PhD, MD, JD", "Smarter than all humans combined". But there's a giant gulf between what they're selling and what it is, and that gulf is what makes LLMs a poor tool.
by impossiblefork | 2025-08-09 19:18:32+00:00
So by what definition of leftist thought could this possibly be okay?

Wikipedia has one (ideologies that seek social equality and egalitarianism), which this is clearly incompatible with. It's certainly unacceptable to socialists, communists, anarchists, syndicalists or social democrats.

Liberals are not leftists. Liberals are mostly inviolable-property + free-trade type people.
by Telaneo | 2025-08-09 19:19:23+00:00
If fluid simulations are included in your definition of serious work, then you can't do serious work on any machine with less than at least 128 GB of RAM, probably more, be it Windows, Linux or Mac. Your SSD will be killed by excessive writes no matter the OS or what specific hardware you've chosen. You can probably get enough RAM on some of the highest end Macs to not have to swap to disk for fluid simulation of any decent size, although I haven't looked into that. 128+ GB of RAM is a big ask no matter your platform.
by ipython | 2025-08-09 19:19:53+00:00
I am torn. I see this argument and intellectually agree with it (that interfaces need to be more explicit). However it seems that every time there is a choice between “better” design and “good enough”, the “good enough” wins handily.

Multics vs Unix, xml based soap vs json based rest apis, xhtml’s failure, javascript itself, … I could keep going on.

So I’ve resigned myself to admitting that we are doomed to reimplement the “good enough” every time, and continue to apply bandaid after bandaid to gradually fix problems after we rediscover them, slowly.
by brabel | 2025-08-09 19:20:18+00:00
Thanks! That indeed does the equivalent as the Zig code... but feels a bit pointless to do that in D, I think?

Could've done this and be as safe, but perhaps it loses the point of the article:

enum U { A, B, C } void handle(U e) { with (U) final switch (e) { case A, B: handleAB(); if (e == A) handleA(); else handleB(); break; case C: handleC(); break; } }
by trod1234 | 2025-08-09 19:20:23+00:00
Many of those billionaires became so through their government contacts/contracts.

The Fed has a massive problem, and that probleem snowballs down to us, and the reason we have a massive overspending problem is because the Fed has chosen winners and losers to create captive government.

Currency for the past 5 years has been devalued on average across all 5 years, about 25% in aggregate according to government numbers. If you revert to more accurate calculation numbers (ShadowStats), then its almost 40%.

Taxing the rich won't fix this, it comes down to a selection process that only selects for candidates that will make this problem worse through mathematical capture of first-passed-the-post voting. If you have two groups that each exceed 33% of the vote in aggregate, no other group can win.
by b112 | 2025-08-09 19:20:41+00:00
You can still use sysvinit, I've already tested servers and desktop builds.

From my build box:

chroot $MOUNTPOINT/ /bin/bash -c "http_proxy=$aptproxy apt-get -y --purge --allow remove-essential install sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils systemd-sysv- systemd-"

There is a weird depends you cannot get around without simultaneously removing and installing in parallel. A Debian bug highlighted the above, with a "-" for systemd-sysv- systemd- as a fix, along with allow remove essential.

After this fix, sysvinit builds with debootstrap were almost identical as to bookworm. This includes for desktops.

As per with bookworm through buster, you'll still need something like this too:

$ cat /etc/apt/preferences.d/systemd # this is the only systemd package that is required, so we up its priority first... Package: libsystemd0 Pin: release trixie Pin-Priority: 700 # exclude the rest Package: systemd Pin: release * Pin-Priority: -1 Package: *systemd* Pin: release * Pin-Priority: -1 Package: systemd:i386 Pin: release * Pin-Priority: -1 Package: systemd:amd64 Pin: release * Pin-Priority: -1
by benlivengood | 2025-08-09 19:20:42+00:00
I believe you've covered some working solutions in your presentation. They limit LLMs to providing information/summaries and taking tightly curated actions.

There are currently no fully general solutions to data exfiltration, so things like local agents or computer use/interaction will require new solutions.

Others are also researching in this direction; https://security.googleblog.com/2025/06/mitigating-prompt-in... and https://arxiv.org/html/2506.08837v2 for example. CaMeL was a great paper, but complex.

My personal perspective is that the best we can do is build secure frameworks that LLMs can operate within, carefully controlling their inputs and interactions with untrusted third party components. There will not be inherent LLM safety precautions until we are well into superintelligence, and even those may not be applicable across agents with different levels of superintelligence. Deception/prompt injection as offense will always beat defense.
by stouset | 2025-08-09 19:21:32+00:00
I too had no idea what he’s talking about, so I did some digging.

So, an open-source contributor who works for Canonical on Ubuntu gave a talk at Debconf. He is a convicted and admitted sexual predator who served time in prison for his crimes. This all is pretty well-documented.

But… then what? He did the time for his crimes. He’s on the national sex offender registry. What now? Should he be unemployable? Should his contributions to open-source projects be rejected? Should he not be able to give a talk on some technical topic he’s presumably an expert on?

Either we agree that serving your prison sentence is sufficient atonement for your crimes or we have to work to change the prison system such that it is. I don’t know that excluding someone from contributing to society for the rest of their life is the right answer.

Please note that this is a very shallow summary for those who (like me) were unaware of the drama here. I have no idea of the extent of his crimes past what I wrote above, nor if the time he served “seems” appropriate (not that a single value there could ever be considered appropriate by everyone simultaneously). My assumptions are that he was convicted, served a reasonably appropriate amount of time, was released, and has committed no further crimes of that nature in the intervening period since (any or all of which I could be wrong about).

I also have seen accusations of rude/antagonistic behavior outside of this specific topic, but am leaving those aside since they weren’t part of GP’s complaint.
by impossiblefork | 2025-08-09 19:21:43+00:00
Liberals are not leftists. They are not egalitarians and they are not really for social equality.

Allowing universities legacy admissions is a position so far to the right that I don't think any political party anywhere outside of the US propagates for it. There isn't a social democrat in Denmark or something who has vaguely leftist view but who also believes that universities should admit people based on their parents having gone there.
by CLPadvocate | 2025-08-09 19:22:07+00:00
You definitely need to learn to read and to understand words. Otherwise you make an impression of a degenerated parrot with a really limited vocabulary.

And now to your points - the word "Aschkenaz" IS actually of middle-eastern origin. It describes people who lived in the area of modern day eastern Turkey, north-eastern Syria, and north-western Iran - similar to the area where Kurdish people live today. The meaning of the word changed over time, and yes - nowadays it does have some relationship with Europe - it describes Jewish people who were driven out of Judea and Samaria by Romans and later settled in the middle and eastern Europe. So - yes - they are by definition Palestinian refugees with a right to return to their native lands.

But, of course, they are only one group of the Jewish people and not even the only one who lived in Europe. There are also displaced Jews and their descendants in Irak, Iran, northern Africa, India, even in China and Japan. But in the end, every one of them, including the "European" Aschkenazim still have substantially better claims to the land of Israel than the Arabs who are by definition just invaders in that region.
by derefr | 2025-08-09 19:22:09+00:00
Question: would it be possible to invert the problem? I.e., rather than decreasing the size of the RAG — use the RAG to compress everything other than the RAG index itself.

E.g., design a filesystem so that the RAG index is part of / managed internally within the metadata of the filesystem itself; and then, for each FS inode data-extent, give it two polymorphic on-disk representations:

1. extents hold raw data; rag-vectors are derivatives and updated after extent is updated (as today)

2. rag-vectors are canonical; extents hold residuals from a predictive-coding model that took the rag-vectors as input and tried to regenerate the raw data of the extent. When extent is read [or partially overwritten], use predictive-coding model to generate data from vectors and then repair it with residue (as in modern video-codec p-frame generation.)

———

Of course, even if this did work (in the sense of providing a meaningful decrease in storage use), this storage model would only really be practical for document files that are read entirely on open and atomically overwritten/updated (think Word and Excel docs, PDFs, PSDs, etc), not for files meant to be streamed.

But, luckily, the types of files this technique are amenable to are exactly the same types of files that a “user’s documents” RAG would have any hope of indexing in the first place!
Show HN: Custom statusline for Claude Code with Git/PR/environment info
by dhkts1 | 2025-08-09 19:23:01+00:00
I was constantly losing track of context while using Claude Code - which worktree am I in? What's my git status? Is there an open PR? So when Anthropic added statusline support, I built this enhanced version.

Opus 4.1 │ ~/git/tictactoe │ main │ 2 untracked │ 22:22 for example.

It's a bash script that shows your current model, directory, git branch/status, PR number, Python venv, Node version, and more - all with color-coded emojis for quick visual parsing. The git integration shows staged/modified/untracked file counts, ahead/behind status, and even detects merge conflicts. What makes it useful: Everything you need is visible at a glance without running git status or gh pr view. It auto-detects worktrees (shows ), highlights conflicts in red, and truncates long paths intelligently. Technical approach: Reads JSON from stdin, uses git porcelain for accurate counts, caches gh CLI calls for PR info, and outputs ANSI color codes with fallback for non-color terminals. To try it: Save the script, make it executable, and add to ~/.claude/settings.json: "statusLine": {"type": "command", "command": "bash ~/.claude/statusline-command.sh" }
by prerok | 2025-08-09 19:23:20+00:00
I agree with your assessment about this statement. I actually had to reread it a few times to actually understand it.

He is actually recommending Copilot for price/performance reasons and his closing statement is "Don’t fall for the hype, but also, they are genuinely powerful tools sometimes."

So, it just seems like he never really gave a try at how to engineer better prompts that these more advanced models can use.
by TZubiri | 2025-08-09 19:23:31+00:00
I was reading yesterday about a Buddhist concept (albeit quite popular in the west) called Begginer's Mind. I think this post represents it perfectly.

We are presented with a first reaction to chatgpt, we must never forget how incredible this technology is, and not become accustomed to it.

Donald knuth approached several of the questions from the absence of knowledge, asking questions as basic as "12. Write a sentence that contains only 5-letter words.", and being amazed not only by correct answers, but incorrect answers parsed effectively and with semantic understanding.
by nilamo | 2025-08-09 19:23:44+00:00
Dang, you're so right, a post-scarcity society is obviously not feasible without renacting a fictional story.

Y'all took the example, and dove right onto the wackiest parts of that example, huh? We also haven't met a continuum of godlike sycophants, so I guess space travel isn't possible for us at all yet lmao
by cle | 2025-08-09 19:23:52+00:00
I don't understand this criticism by the author. MCP supports JSON Schema, and server responses must conform to the schema. If the schema requires an ISO-8601 timestamp (ex by specifying a "date" format in the schema) but the server sends a Unix epoch timestamp, then it is violating the protocol.

The author even later says that MCP supports JSON Schema, but also claims "you can't generate type-safe clients". Which is plainly untrue, there exist plenty of JSON Schema code generators.
Show HN: AI That Rewrites Your Shopify Store for Every Visitor in Real Time
by HariVP03 | 2025-08-09 19:24:25+00:00
We built Curator AI to make every store visit feel personal — reordering products, sections, and collections in <200ms based on what a visitor is actually doing.

1. Noise (India’s largest smartwatch brand) uses it to handle millions of launch-day visitors, steering the right SKUs to the right buyers in real time.

2. W for Woman personalizes across thousands of SKUs, tailoring product order by region and occasion.

How it works: track micro-interactions → infer intent → re-rank instantly at the edge.

Results so far: +15–25% product page clicks, +10–18% AOV lift, lower bounce.

Would love HN’s thoughts on where personalization should stop, and how to make it sharper without over-collecting data.

https://www.gethelium.co/curator
by mac-mc | 2025-08-09 19:24:47+00:00
You're missing the most significant lesson of all that MCP knew. That all of those featureful things are way too overcomplicated for most places, so they will gravitate to the simple thing. It's why JSON over HTTP blobs is king today.

I've been on the other side of high-feature serialization protocols, and even at large tech companies, something like migrating to gRPC is a multi-year slog that can even fail a couple of times because it asks so much of you.

MCP, at its core, is a standardization of a JSON API contract, so you don't have to do as much post-training to generate various tool calling style tokens for your LLM.