MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by dpoloncsak | 2025-08-28 18:01:55+00:00
>I wonder if anyone has done analysis on usage of that construction by year.

This just hit the front page of HN for like an hour or two today. Not that exact construction (It's not just x, -it's y) but this suggests that (English) speakers are starting to use 'AI Buzzwords' in speech. (Words like delve, intricate, etc.)

I think it's safe to extrapolate that the construction would also start to appear more often in human-written and spoken content as well, but I'm sure there's other factors at play.

HN Discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45045500 Relevant article: https://news.fsu.edu/news/education-society/2025/08/26/on-sc... Relevant paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00238
by comex | 2025-08-28 18:02:07+00:00
True. To be fair, CHERI guarantees only security, while borrow checking (when it works) guarantees both security and correctness. If you write to a freed pointer or out-of-bounds, CHERI guarantees that your write either crashes or lands somewhere harmless, rather than corrupting other data. But borrow checking guarantees you won't perform such writes in the first place.

Yet while correctness may excite programmers, it's security that gets the decision makers' attention. At the end of the day, security is just much more impactful.

We'll see if Morello ever makes its way to the types of CPUs used on phones and higher-performance devices.
by renjimen | 2025-08-28 18:02:41+00:00
But new models to date have cost more than the previous ones to create, often by an order of magnitude, so the shoe metaphor falls apart.

A better metaphor would be oil and gas production, where existing oil and gas fields are either already finished (i.e. model is no longer SOTA -- no longer making a return on investment) or currently producing (SOTA inference -- making a return on investment). The key similarity with AI is new oil and gas fields are increasingly expensive to bring online because they are harder to make economical than the first ones we stumbled across bubbling up in the desert, and that's even with technological innovation. That is to say, the low hanging fruit is long gone.
by codedokode | 2025-08-28 18:02:50+00:00
> Time is a slippery notion in concurrency. Most language-level memory models (e.g. Java) or even hardware-level concurrency models focus on happens-before relations, which are induced by executing certain operations

You are correct, but for simplicity we can assume that the CPU executes one operation at a time and still have a valid model for reasoning about data races.

> But ultimately, all inter-thread communication boils down to programs (or libraries) using barriers for acquire/release semantics and/or using compare/swap and atomic read-modify-write.

Interesting. I read about STM and it reminded me of "modification box" algorithm for modifying immutable trees, which also uses versions. So it is another clever but complicated trick. Also it seems that it requires locking? That's not very good given that locks often need syscalls.
by lenerdenator | 2025-08-28 18:02:56+00:00
I think that there's a larger problem with defense contractors and the government just seeing these as ways certain people (usually the people in the Pentagon and Congress) can get rich or a cushy retirement gig, with no concern as to what actually happens past the contract being signed.

Otherwise a lot of this sort of thing would go without saying, and you wouldn't see problems like those surrounding the Sig Sauer P320/M17/M18.
by BriggyDwiggs42 | 2025-08-28 18:03:41+00:00
I feel the same way, but while there are definitely actual hardware limitations preventing phones from being identical to computers, the problem is mostly a choice. Why aren’t ipads with keyboard cases able to be used exactly like laptops, for example? I think companies seized on the combined accessibility and restrictiveness of smartphones to justify design choices which are more about profit. Restricting the app library makes apple a great amount of money. Ads are hard to block across a mobile device, why else if not for more money? I think the circumstances of smartphone development gave them the opportunity to make these choices and we’ve gotten locked in since.
by lallysingh | 2025-08-28 18:03:48+00:00
Hard disagree. We'll be able to use more expressive languages with better LLM support for understanding how to express ourselves and to understand compiler results. LLMs are only good at stuff that better languages don't require you to do. After that they fall off the cliff quickly.

LLMs are a communication technology, with a huge trained context of conversation. They have a long way to go before becoming anything intelligent.
by roscas | 2025-08-28 18:03:52+00:00
Windows worked for a full year? Oh wow.

My two cents: 1. Manjaro with Plasma, 2. Most distros can access ntfs.

You say "easy" so you probably never used anything Linux related.

If possible, try to get help from someone you know who uses Linux.

If not, spend a few days learning the Linux filesystem and commands. Get the software you need, use AI to get help and ask what software you use on Windows if there is the same or close on Linux, and how to install that on Manjaro for example.

So, what do you want to do on the pc?
by bko | 2025-08-28 18:04:03+00:00
Who defines our culture today?

Large media corporations. It's a bit frustrating at times. Sometimes when I read the news or try to find something on Google, I can sense an editorial bias or narrative. A lot of times it's subtle, like something being omitted or a tangential issue addressed.

A prime example of this are modern "fact checks". For instance if you wanted to explore if people are arrested for mean tweets in the UK, you can Google "fact check arrested for mean tweets", which brings you to a fact check that is a cherry picked case of an 11 year old getting arrested for "suspicion of violent disorder" and listed as "Misleading". But there are no follow ups, like what is the definition of "violent disorder" or are there any other cases where people were arrested for mean tweets. And since it's deemed as "Misleading", you're left to believe that people are not being arrested for mean tweets, which is just not true.

I feel LLMs allow you to ask follow ups and reason from pure principles much easier than the canned narrative from some giant corporation. Even when you do run up against a narrative, it's pretty easy to poke holes through it with follow up questions.

Of course the reverse is that you can probably find some evidence that feeds into your existing world view. But I think on the whole AI will be a positive impact on culture in this regard

https://mleverything.substack.com/p/anatomy-of-a-fact-check
by dheera | 2025-08-28 18:04:29+00:00
Also, ignore international laws about the internet.

No China website spews stupid GDPR popups. They don't listen to the EU, even if they have EU users. I don't think the US should, either.

I don't disagree with privacy laws, but GDPR popups isn't it, and the US should grow its own. Don't set precedents that other countries can just make up laws and you'll just blindly follow them outside their jurisdiction.
by harrysungod | 2025-08-28 18:04:32+00:00
The main thing a big company IT admin wants is control over the users. At a previous company, they would ship really crappy software, by our own admission, to "enterprise" customers and all we had to do to keep them happy was to give a fancy control-panel that make then feel like king.

Yes, flattery works, pandering-to-ego works. Too bad, you can only push it so far...at some point, CTO/CEO notices.
by thomasmg | 2025-08-28 18:04:52+00:00
I think you are right. The post talks about mutable vs immutable borrows, and how to have multiple mutable borrows, safely. But doubly-linked list are hard in Rust due to ownership, and not borrowing. (Doubly linked lists could be supported by "splitting" and "merging" ownership: having "half"-owners, and then you can merge ownership.)

I understand the reason for having 1 mutable xor n immutable references... but I think Rust made the wrong choice here: now we see two versions of each method, one with mutable and another without mutable. It's similar to the async coloring problem, but instead of async / not async, in Rust you have mutable and non-mutable. It would simplify things a lot for the programmer (not for the compiler, OK), if all borrows are mutable. Sure the compiler can't always emit noalias, and multi-threading gets slower... But with a sane memory model (as in Java), I think it would be simpler for the programmer.
by hollow-moe | 2025-08-28 18:05:05+00:00
Imo, Graphene wants to be a "Google certified" ROM OEM, they don't make devices but software. A good and secure ROM for sure but they're still begging them for Play Integrity[1] and "sandboxing" GMS isn't fighting Google. [1] https://grapheneos.social/@GrapheneOS/112878070618462132
by renewiltord | 2025-08-28 18:05:18+00:00
The US is a constitutional democracy with a free market and I consider it successful.

The definitions of these words can be the predominant use of these words in the English language. But if you want "constitutional democracy" here use this: https://civiced.org/lesson-plans/constitutional-democracy

And for free market here, use this: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/freemarket.asp

People frequently misunderstand "constitutional democracy" as being substantially different from "republic" but that's usually an ESL error that can be fixed quickly.
by nels | 2025-08-28 18:05:21+00:00
International students are not displacing Americans; they pay tuition, often at higher rates, and help sustain universities. The real problem is that higher education has been underfunded for years, and the current administration has only made things (much) worse by cutting funding further.

Universities and research are already struggling because of poor leadership and lack of investment, not because of international students. In the 2023-2024 academic year, international student numbers only comprised ~6% of the total U.S. enrollments.
by linmob | 2025-08-28 18:05:30+00:00
"No one was working on it for year" is both untrue and unfair. There have been continued improvements (both PinePhone and PinePhone Pro), and I know that there are people who have put in the midnight oil to make them happen.

What that work was not is 'paid for by PINE64'. It's also not been enough to raise the bar enough to make the phone work well enough; but if you consider what's involved there, it makes sense.

You don't just need to write/fix a driver, you need upstream (or at least a distribution) to accept it and include it for that work to make a meaningful difference for anyone else.
by lofaszvanitt | 2025-08-28 18:05:31+00:00
"Open source, the thing that drives the world, the thing Harvard says has an economic value of 8.8 trillion dollars (also a big number)."

Yeah, but the maintainer almost never sees anything from it. And most of the people cannot monetize oss based projects, because they don't have the expertise for it.

OSS is the biggest farce ever. Same when people say patents are evil. Ridiculous. A handful of people spoon fed this universal bullshite to people and they believed it.

Remember people that proper governments plan tens of years ahead. In this context, OSS was first, so AI systems would have ample source code to be trained on.
by octopoc | 2025-08-28 18:05:41+00:00
“Subsidized” is inaccurate. A more accurate way to describe what’s been happening is that international students drove up the cost of tuition, forcing American students into debt or out of college.

The reason I characterize it this way is college tuition has skyrocketed. The same thing happens in private schools—wealthy grandparents are common enough that children without wealthy grandparents are much less likely to be able to go to private school.
by tim333 | 2025-08-28 18:05:44+00:00
It seems to me the assertions are mostly junk. Just from the title:

>The Stock Market Is Selling Its Soul and the Fed’s Independence to Trump Because ZIRP Broke The World

"The stock market doesn't have a soul" - it's a market where you can buy and sell equities which have done for some decades

"Fed’s Independence to Trump Because ZIRP Broke The World" - I don't think so. Trump is bullying the Fed because he wants to print money to compensate for his dumb tariffs.

"ZIRP Broke The World." Well, it caused problems but it would make almost as much sense to say I put on three pounds last week because ZIRP Broke The World. Cause and effect don't really line up.
by 0xffff2 | 2025-08-28 18:05:45+00:00
I don't think I ever saw an actual error message, just a lot of black screens in various configurations (e.g. switching KVM between machines, waking up from sleep) and lots of weird little glitches in Wayland. I know that my Nvidia 3090 needs to be swapped for an AMD GPU, but I'm not totally convinced that that will solve everything. Particularly the black screen on wake from sleep seems like it could/should be a mobo issue.
by tshaddox | 2025-08-28 18:05:52+00:00
Isn't this article conflating our formalism of a given abstract entity (like real numbers or integers) with the abstract entity itself? Surely quantities existed long before humans (e.g. there was a quantity of stars in the Milky Way 1 million years ago). And surely ordinals existed long before humans (e.g. there was a most massive star in the Milky Way 1 million years ago).

The article's claim seems to be about the mathematical formalisms humans have invented for integers and real numbers. And I agree that our formalism of integers is simpler and more elegant than our formalism of real numbers. But that could just be because we've done a worse job formalizing real numbers!
by wdwvt1 | 2025-08-28 18:06:10+00:00
There are so many interesting metabolites that the gut microbiome produces that modulate the immune system. My former startup (Interface Biosciences) was trying to develop a process for identifying and developing these as traditional pharmaceuticals (e.g. small molecule drugs).

One of the big problems with most of these metabolites is that they work better in preventing the emergence of disease pathology than they do in ameliorating it. In other words, they aren't super reverse causal for disease. You'll note that in this study, the design was pretreatment with the beneficial metabolite to prevent injury, rather than rescue once injury occurred ([0], [1]).

It's difficult to make a prophylactic pharmaceutical/intervention - the market is smaller, the therapeutic index must be larger, and the insurance reimbursement is harder to get. I hope that someone smarter can break this open at some point. Natural products are the source of over 50% of approved drugs (though weighted heavily towards antibiotics), and the gut microbiome has really not been explored enough for its natural products.

As a note on the probiotics - be very skeptical of probiotic claims. Even if the microbe actually engrafts in your GI tract (a very big if), the probability that it is producing a given 'good' metabolite is unclear. Microbes have thousands of genes and they are constantly changing metabolism (=the metabolites they excrete) as a function of an innumerable array of factors including: energetic (what food sources are in the GI at that moment?), competitive (what competitor species are they sensing?), immune (what is the host immune state?), and physical (do I sense a high diffusion environment?) factors.

[0] From the abstract: "Here, we report that oral administration of 10-HSA prevented AFB1-induced gut epithelial barrier disruption and preserved mucosal T cell populations.

[1] From the methods: "Mice were randomly assigned into three groups. One group (n = 6) was pretreated with 10-HSA (AstaTech A10837) at 100 mg/kg/day in vehicle for one week and then aflatoxin-β1 (Sigma-Aldrich A6636) dissolved in DMSO (final concentration in water was 0.1%) was added to their drinking water for 21 days at a concentration of 5 mg/L. Another group (n = 6) was pretreated with the vehicle control for 1 week and then aflatoxin-β1 was added to their drinking water for 21 days at a concentration of 5 mg/L. The third group (n = 4) served as the negative control group and received vehicle for 1 week prior to DMSO addition to drinking water for 21 days.
by npteljes | 2025-08-28 18:06:17+00:00
Of course. A message queue is database, and software that handles it in a specific way to make it a message queue. So, HN could basically be that database backend for that imaginary software that turns it into a message queue.

I don't have fun examples with message queues, but I do remember some with filesystems - a popular target to connect cursed backends to. You can store data in Ping packets [0]. You can store data in the digits of Pi - achieving unbelievable compression [1]. You can store data in the metadata and other unused blocks of images - also known as steganography [2]. People wrote software to use Gmail emails as a file system [3].

That's just from the top of my head, and it really shows that sky's the limit with software.

[0] https://github.com/yarrick/pingfs

[1] https://github.com/ajeetdsouza/pifs

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganographic_file_system

[3] https://lwn.net/Articles/99933/
by Tadpole9181 | 2025-08-28 18:06:18+00:00
From another source [1]:

> The Fifth Circuit found that the ALJ’s safeguards are unconstitutional, and the members’ shields are likely unconstitutional... [Despite] the US Supreme Court’s decision in Humphrey’s Executor v. US, a 90-year-old precedent that has long supported the restrictions Congress imposed on the president’s power to dismiss independent agency officials.

And back to TFA:

> Under the still-novel theory of the unitary executive, which holds that the federal agencies that Congress established and presidents signed into law to be independent of presidential power, save only the power to appoint their leaders, are now in violation of the newly discovered right of presidents to completely control these agencies.

It's worth noting that the NLRB is already clinging on with life support. Trump has intentionally (illegally) fired and neglected to replace 3 members now, leaving only 2 acting chairs. This doesn't meet quorum requirements for decision-making, leaving the full appeals process legally impossible to complete and businesses essentially free to violate labor law without fear of consequence until the NLRB is restored.

With this ruling, we may be seeing the final blows dealt to the NLRB, and a signal that companies need not even fear later reprisal.

[1] https://news.bloomberglaw.com/daily-labor-report/spacex-keep...
by sureglymop | 2025-08-28 18:06:23+00:00
What you shouldn't forget also is that, while AI may be good at coming up with a "first shot" solution, it may be much worse if you want to change/correct parts of it.

In my experience, AI very often gets into a sort of sunk-cost fallacy (sunk prompt?) and then it is very hard to get it to make significant changes, especially architecturally.

I recently wrote an extension for a popular software product and gave AI the same task. It created a perfectly working version however it was 5x the lines of code of my version because it didn't know the extension API as well, even though I gave it the full documentation. It also hard coded some stuff/solutions to challenges that we totally don't want to be hard coded. A big reason why I arrived at a much better solution was that I used a debugger to step through the code and noted down just the API interactions I needed.

The AI also was convinced that some things were entirely impossible. By stepping through the code I saw that they would be possible by using parts of the internal API. I suggested a change to make the public API better for my use case in a GitHub issue and now it is totally not impossible.

At the end of the day I have to conclude that, the amount of time invested guiding and massaging the AI was too much and not really worth it. I would've been better off debugging the code right away and then creating my own version. The potential for AI to do the 80% is there. At this time though I personally can't accept its results yet but that may also be due to my personal flavour of perfectionism.
by a_sydelov | 2025-08-28 18:06:47+00:00
Data Mesh and Data Fabric are often presented as competing concepts, but in practice they address different challenges. • Mesh: decentralization, domain ownership, data as a product. • Fabric: integration layer, metadata-driven automation, AI-enabled governance.

This article explores how they differ, where they overlap, and why many organizations may benefit from combining both approaches.
by EdiX | 2025-08-28 18:07:19+00:00
> capitalism + technology relies on unpaid, voluntary labour

You are falling into the breadtube trap of faulting capitalism for a societal issue that has nothing to do with it. Did capitalism force people to have productive hobbies? Would you prefer a system, other than capitalism, that prevented people from having productive hobbies?

Often times this error relies on the assumption that capitalism is what's preventing us from having an "idealized" version of communism that I've heard aptly described as Gay Luxury Space Communism, where anyone can do anything they want and society just magically pays for it. The problem is that GLSC isn't real, we'd need ~infinite resources to do it.

I personally blame this problem on charities. This is the type of problem that charities and foundations should solve but there is no safeguard for charity money actually going to the charity's cause of action, instead the moment you create any kind of non profit it transforms into Non Profit (inc) and all the money it received goes to (1) professional non-profit people for the job of raising money and redistributing it, (2) shuffled to other non-profits, (3) thinly disguised political activism.
by rented_mule | 2025-08-28 18:07:25+00:00
In the 1990s, I was at a startup that had a need for a message queue. The only thing we found at the time was a product from TIBCO that was priced way-way-way out of our reach. IIRC, it didn't even run on PCs, only mainframes and minis. Microsoft Exchange Server (Microsoft's email server) had just been released at the time, and we decided to use it as a message queue.

Message-submitting clients used SMTP libraries. Message-consuming clients used Exchange APIs. Consumers would only look at unread messages, they would mark messages as read when they started processing, and move them to a folder other than the Inbox if they succeeded. Many of the queues were multi-producer, but all queues were single-consumer (CPUs were pricey at the time - our servers were all Pentiums and Pentium Pros), which simplified things a lot.

Need a new queue / topic? Add an email address. Need to inspect a queue? Load up an email client. An unexpected benefit was that we could easily put humans in the loop for handling certain queues (using HTML in the messages).

It worked surprisingly well for the 5 years that the company was around. Latency was okay, but not great. Throughput was much better than we would have hoped for - Exchange was almost never the bottleneck.
by johnsmith1840 | 2025-08-28 18:08:27+00:00
Another giant problem with this article is we have no idea the optimizations used on their end. There are some widly complex optimizations these large AI companies use.

What I'm trying to say is that hosting your own model is in an entierly different leauge than the pros.

If we account for error in article implies higher cost I would argue it would return back to profit directly because how advanced optimization of infer3nce has become.

If actual model intelligence is not a moat (looking likely this is true) the real sauce of profitable AI companies is advanced optimizations across the entire stack.

Openai is NEVER going to release their specialized kernels, routing algos, quanitizations or model comilation methods. These are all really hard and really specific.