MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by austin-cheney | 2025-08-29 08:58:38+00:00
Software isn’t magical or unique. Quality applies the same here as it to does to any other product and software quality does not decline universally. It does so more in some segments than others.

What is unique about software is that quality declines directly proportional to attempts to manufacture industrial output. That means segments with more manual attention and less restrictions on participation tend to have higher quality than those segments taking the opposite approach. What’s most unique about that is trend towards lower quality following attempts at industrialization do not appear to result in faster output and may actually cost more to deliver. Attempts to understand why that is allowed to occur is a business and sociology problem, not a software problem.
by bdd8f1df777b | 2025-08-29 09:00:28+00:00
If you need to bypass censorship, you'll need a tool specifically designed for anti-censorship, rather than any one repurposed for that.

Since China has the most advanced network censorship, the Chinese have also invented the most advanced anti-censorship tools.

The first generation is shadowsocks. It basically encrypts the traffic from the beginning without any handshakes, so DPI cannot find out its nature. This is very simple and fast and should suffice in most places.

The second generation is the Trojan protocol. The lack of a handshake in shadowsocks is also a distinguishing feature that may alert the censor and the censor can decide to block shadowsocks traffic based on suspicions alone. Trojan instead tries to blend in the vast amount of HTTPS traffic over the Internet by pretending to be a normal Web server protected by HTTPS.

After Trojan, a plethora of protocol based on TLS camouflaging have been invented.

1. Add padding to avoid the TLS-in-TLS traffic characteristics in the original Trojan protocol. Protocols: XTLS-VLESS-VISION.

2. Use QUIC instead of TCP+TLS for better performance (very visible if your latency to your tunnel server is high). Protocols: Hysteria2 and TUIC.

3. Multiplex multiple proxy sessions in one TCP connection. Protocols: h2mux, smux, yamux.

4. Steal other websites' certificates. Protocols: ShadowTLS, ShadowQUIC, XTLS-REALITY.

Oh, and there is masking UDP traffic as ICMP traffic or TCP traffic to bypass ISP's QoS if you are proxying traffic through QUIC. Example: phantun.
by 1718627440 | 2025-08-29 09:00:31+00:00
Ok, we can name it a vtable if it's done by the language and a wtable if it is done by the programmer. I don't care about this distinction, the mechanism is the same, the effects are the same, the implemented theory (OOP) is the same. Heck event the emitted code is the same. I guess the vtable implementations in a C++ compiler are now called wtables.
by marginalia_nu | 2025-08-29 09:00:50+00:00
> For your "even for systems with half a terabyte of RAM", it is logical that the larger the system, the worse this behaviour is, because when things go sideways there is a lot more stuff to sort out and that takes longer. My work server has 1.5TB of RAM, and an OOM event before I installed earlyoom was not pretty at all.

I meant it more in the sense that it doesn't have to be more than a few hundred MB even for large RAM. It's not the size of the swap file that makes the difference, but its presence, and advice of having it be proportional to RAM are largely outdated.
by MikeyLi | 2025-08-29 09:01:30+00:00
foodielens.app is finally done. (took me like 1 year to build because this is my first big project )

Introducing FoodieLens, A restaurant menu visualiser and translator.

Visiting foreign countries or just don't understand complicated food words and no images? I got you.

With FoodieLens, you just take a photo of the menu, and then you can: - Search all menu item images at once - Translate it - Generate accurate AI images if the searched ones are bad - Click the item title to go into the google search for that item - Save for future reference

It's fast and saves you lots of time when deciding what to order. Ensuring no order is unexpected and confusing.

New users will get lots of free credits. No credit card sign up needed
by nwellnhof | 2025-08-29 09:02:29+00:00
From my experience, these issues are only relevant if you allow the execution of untrusted stylesheets which nobody would ever do. The only exception are browser vendors.

A couple of years ago, I had the idea of funding libxslt development with Google Chrome bug bounties. This was cut short after reporting two or three issues. Google refused to pay bounties for valid reports because I was a contributor to libxslt, regardless of whether these bugs were 20 years old. I must admit that I feel a bit of schadenfreude. On the other hand, it still makes me sad that these companies care so little about upstream projects and OSS in general.
by paddlesteamer | 2025-08-29 09:02:55+00:00
Years ago, I created a very basic HTTP proxy using Google Cloud. The idea relies on Google Cloud wouldn't be blocked because the industry in that country probably also needs Google Cloud to function, so the government couldn't touch it.

You can see it here: https://github.com/paddlesteamer/gcrproxy. I don't know whether it works or not (maybe something has changed; it is very old code), but the idea beneath it remains. And I think it is also applicable to other cloud services, too. Cheaper (even free to some point) than having your own VPS.
by ohdeargodno | 2025-08-29 09:03:19+00:00
>and their economy is rife with state sponsored excess funded by debt.

Whereas the US is better with state sponsored VC funded debt ?

>but they do tend to deliver things that are actually desired and economically valuable given the right pricing incentives.

No, they don't. Any look at the market in the past 15 years will tell you that they don't, and that nothing major or of value has been produced by "the market". It's all propped on debt and infinite money printing.
by memsom | 2025-08-29 09:03:30+00:00
No, I was there. I'm British and in my 50's. I lived through this. I'm not remembering something I was told or reading you a Wikipedia article, I actually used this technology regularly in the 80's and 90's before Digital TV/DVB killed it off.

Prestel was something else. It was a teletext style system, but teletext was on every TV in the UK after the BBC started broadcasting CEEFAX (their service) and ITV started providing TELETEXT (their service). Channel 4 also had a service, but I don't remember what it was called.

Teletext was using the same style of presentation (BBC Micro had mode 7, and this was Prestel/Teletext compatible.) But Teletext was one way - it was broadcasted as part of the TV signal and your TV would decode the data and display it. If you wanted a specific page, you entered the number and then the receiver waited for the broadcast to get to that page and it decoded it and displayed it. There was no uplink. It all happened as part of the transmission and all of the pages were transmitted serialy in order so you would feel like entering in 123 would load page 123 directly, but actually it was displayed the next time 123 was transmitted.
by Shank | 2025-08-29 09:05:03+00:00
I recently moved all of my NAS needs to a UNAS Pro and just have an old Intel Bean Canyon NUC in the closet running apps on top of it. Portainer is a reasonable docker frontend, though not perfect -- but more importantly, the storage is just separated from the NAS entirely. As long as your NAS can serve files to a secondary server, you the sky is the limit with what you have actually accessing the files and doing things with.

The particularly jarring thing in this article is the SMB concurrency limits. Those effectively gate your scalability in terms of storage. Even more than forcing their own drives to be used, the concurrent user limit is a clear enterprise upsell: charge people to get a higher limit. The byproduct, of course, is that elaborate home lab connections or setups will also be hit by this.
by ljm | 2025-08-29 09:06:04+00:00
If I was to drop acid and hallucinate an alien invasion, and then suddenly a xenomorph runs loose around the city while I’m tripping balls, does being right in that one instance mean the rest of my reality is also a hallucination?

Because it seems the point being made multiple times that a perceptual error isn’t a key component of hallucinating, the whole thing is instead just a convincing illusion that could theoretically apply to all perception, not just the psychoactively augmented kind.
Show HN: Docustore – Vectorized Technical Documentations
by PAndreew | 2025-08-29 09:06:27+00:00
docustore's aim is to provide up-to-date, off-the shelf and plug-and-play context for LLMs from a curated list of frameworks/sdks. It has a 4 step pipeline: scrape the documentation - clean it - vectorize it - package it. My vision is to host it somewhere and develop an API/MCP around it so it will be development-environment agnostic.
by belter | 2025-08-29 09:06:40+00:00
> You've just taken the label conventionally attached to a bad behavior, attached it to a broader category that includes all behavior, and used the power of equivocation to make something that sounds novel without saying anything new.

You mean like every evangelist says AI changes everything every 5 min...When in reality what they mean is neural nets statistical code generators are getting pretty good? because that is almost all AI there is at the moment?

Just to make the current AI sound bigger than it is?
by manuc66 | 2025-08-29 09:07:00+00:00
@Bogdanp maybe this is another way to express it:

public static class EnumerableExtensions {

public static IEnumerable<TR> SelectNotNull<T, TR>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, TR?> fn) where TR : class { return source.Select(fn) .Where(it => it != null) .OfType<T>(); }

public static IEnumerable<TR> SelectNotNull<T, TR>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, TR?> fn) where TR : struct { return source.Select(fn) .Where(it => it != null) .Select(item => item.Value); } }
by easyThrowaway | 2025-08-29 09:08:03+00:00
CSSdev has been the bread and butter of my last 10 years of work, and I still have the feeling that CSS as a language is never designed, just expanded.

A series of modules that are bolted on top of existing properties without actually improving on them, simply "well, here's another way of doing the same thing" often in ways contradicting each other (see the way the box model works in "display" vs "flex" layout) or just slightly diverging in ways that make extremely hard to debug them (e.g. how gap works in "flex" vs "grid" layouts[1]).

The awkward point-based cascading system means that once a layout is written it's basically frozen, unless you use some convoluted native or js-based encapsulation systems which once in a while gets leaky and, who knows, your component topbar font-weight mysteriously goes from "thin" to "extrabold" or your mobile menu appears even on your desktop breakpoints.

[1] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/gap
by samrus | 2025-08-29 09:08:28+00:00
Interesting technique, that DID. But it assumes the non treatment factors would affect both the treatment group and control group equally, that the effect would scale linearly. If the treatment group was more exposed to the non-treatment factors, then an increase could account for a larger difference than the one seem at time 1. Idk which other industry they used as the controll group but interest rates could have a superlinear effect on tech as compared to on that, so the difference of difference would be explained by the non-treatment factor too
by kaibee | 2025-08-29 09:09:22+00:00
> Yes everyone with my political beliefs has a well-structured world model

As nice as that would be, its only marginally less true.

> everyone without my political beliefs is a model-free slop machine that just goes by vibes.

Nah, some of them are evil on purpose.

but like, in all seriousness. Politics is downstream of a world-model right? And the two predominant world models are giving very different predictions, right? So what are the odds that both models are somehow equally valid, equally wrong (even if its on different cases that somehow happen to add to the same 'moral value')? And we also know that one of the models predicts that climate change isn't real? at some point, a world-model is so bad that it is indistinguishable being a model-free slop machine.
by conradfr | 2025-08-29 09:10:34+00:00
I have a basic Synology DS<something> and like it (for the price). I also use their Android app to stream music and it's not stellar but works I guess.

I'm more shocked by the state of samba in macOS (without additional software). Having to go to the network and manually reconnect to the NAS share every time I come back home is ... poor.
StockEdge Simplifies Market Research with Scans Feature
by StockEdge_App | 2025-08-29 09:10:46+00:00
Date: August 29, 2025 Kolkata, India – StockEdge, India’s fastest-growing stock market analytics platform, has introduced a powerful new Scans feature to help retail traders and investors simplify market research. The Challenge Retail investors often face too much information rather than too little. Every day, hundreds of stocks move, but only a few sustain trends. Spotting them usually requires advanced tools, technical skills, or hours of effort. Many end up overwhelmed or dependent on tips. The Solution: Scans The new Scans bring multiple aspects of stock evaluation together: Price Scans track significant price moves.

Volume & Delivery Scans highlight actively traded stocks.

Technical Scans use indicators to spot setups.

Fundamental Scans assess company strength.

F&O Scans show open interest changes.

Options Strike Scans track strike-wise activity.

Candlestick Scans capture chart patterns.

With all of this in one place, identifying opportunities is now far simpler. Momentum Score Alongside Scans, StockEdge has introduced the Momentum Score, rating a stock’s strength on a 0–100 scale across 1, 3, and 6 months. 61–100 → Bullish momentum

0–40 → Bearish momentum

41–60 → Neutral/consolidating

Short-term traders can focus on 1-month scores for breakouts, while long-term investors may prefer 6-month scores to confirm sustained trends. Why It Matters Momentum investing is widely used by institutions but often too complex for retail investors. StockEdge makes it accessible by providing professional-grade tools in a simple format. Examples & Use Cases IndiGo recently showed a 1-month score of 75 and 3-month score of 80, indicating bullish strength.

SBI, in contrast, has turned bearish on its 6-month score.

HDFC Bank & ICICI Bank show bullish trends across timeframes, while Axis Bank shows bullish short-term but bearish long-term signals, hinting at reversal.

Applications include: Short-term traders spotting high-momentum stocks.

Swing traders validating entry/exit timing.

Long-term investors avoiding weakening stocks.

Portfolio users tracking momentum of holdings.

Simplicity for All StockEdge balances ease and depth. Beginners see clear bullish, neutral, or bearish signals, while advanced users can dive deeper with scans, charts, and sector analysis. Bigger Picture The introduction of Scans and Momentum Scores strengthens StockEdge’s mission to empower retail investors with professional tools. Integrated into watchlists, portfolios, and sector dashboards, they provide a complete ecosystem for research and tracking. Riding Trends with Confidence In fast-changing markets, quick identification of winners and laggards is critical. With Scans and Momentum Scores, users can ride trends confidently whether chasing short-term opportunities or holding long-term leaders. Contact: Email: info@stockedge.com Address: EP- J I/14, EP Block, Sector V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India
by mnw21cam | 2025-08-29 09:10:49+00:00
Note that in many engines, vacuum is provided by a separate vacuum pump, which is driven by the rotation of the engine or rarely by an electric motor. This is always true for a diesel engine (because there is no intake manifold vacuum) and many petrol engines too (if they are direct injection, they also may not have sufficient intake manifold vacuum).

Even if you have a total engine failure, if you're going down a hill, if you keep it in gear then the motion will be turning the engine still, which will be generating vacuum regardless of whether that is by a separate vacuum pump or the intake manifold (unless the throttle valve also fails or you get a gaping hole in the side of your intake, but that seems unlikely).

So braking should still keep working as normal, as long as you keep it in gear and don't disengage the clutch.
by Shank | 2025-08-29 09:11:06+00:00
The encryption is also broken. If you use encrypted shared folders, you have an arbitrary filename limit (https://kb.synology.com/en-ro/DSM/tutorial/File_folder_path_...). If you use volume encryption, your encryption key is stored on the NAS itself, which is capable of decrypting the data, unless you buy a second Synology NAS (https://blog.elcomsoft.com/2023/06/volume-encryption-in-syno...) to act as a key vault. Synology claims that volume encryption protects if you if the storage drives are stolen, but in what world would the drives, and not the NAS itself, be stolen?
by suddenlybananas | 2025-08-29 09:11:12+00:00
>they struggle to imagine anything which would get them in to trouble

God you are so convinced of your own brilliance aren't you?

>aphantasia reads a truth claim 'X is true' and they can't visualise the evidence in their mind

That's not what aphantasia is. It's just visual imagery, it says nothing about one's capacity to reason through hypotheticals or counterfactuals.
by dragonwriter | 2025-08-29 09:11:31+00:00
> I’ve never liked that this behaviour is described using the term “hallucination”.

I have a standard canned rant about "confabulation" is a much better metaphor, but it wasn't the point I was focussed on here.

> Fundamentally, if you don’t want to work with LLMs because they sometimes “bullshit”, are you planning on no longer working with human beings as well?

I will very much not voluntarily rely on a human for particular tasks if that human has demonstrated a pattern of bullshitting me when given that kind of task, yes, especially if, on top of the opportunity cost inherent in relying on a person for a particular task, I am also required to compensate them—e.g., financially—for their notional attention to the task.
by testdelacc1 | 2025-08-29 09:12:05+00:00
Hi, I have aphantasia. When I close my eyes I don’t see anything, just darkness.

I’d be interested in seeing a study of similar people but in this sample size (n=1), visualising evidence isn’t needed to evaluate it. I’m perfectly comfortable thinking about things without needing an image of it in my head or in front of me.

For example: should we allow big game hunting as a way to fund wildlife conservation? Whoa, not sure. Let me google an image of an elephant so I can remind myself what they look like.
by h43z | 2025-08-29 09:12:16+00:00
Doesn't feel like much of an explanation to me.

# UMASK is the default umask value for pam_umask and is used by # useradd and newusers to set the mode of the new home directories. # 022 is the "historical" value in Debian for UMASK # 027, or even 077, could be considered better for privacy # There is no One True Answer here : each sysadmin must make up his/her # mind.
by tecleandor | 2025-08-29 09:13:01+00:00
Ah, I forgot about that. I had to take the key out of the NAS too, to a different device. That made no sense at all. And almost all of the implementations of the key server you need cost thousands of dollars in licenses.

Edit: what they deploy on their NAS is an old version of a testing implementation of the KMIP protocol. PyKMIP: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/PyKMIP
by extraisland | 2025-08-29 09:13:25+00:00
I have some quad core celeron board integrated thing. It draws 15watts. I added a PCI-E sata which gave me 6 extra ports. I am sure you can buy better ones.

I used a Fractal Node Case that has 6 drive bays. Installed TrueNAS Scale on an SSD. Swapping drives is a pain as I have to take the computer apart. But that is infrequent. So it is fine.
by ayhanfuat | 2025-08-29 09:14:32+00:00
I didn't see him and he is not on the list:

"Armin Ronacher, Barry Warsaw, Benjamin Peterson, Brett Cannon, Drew Houston, Guido van Rossum, Jessica McKellar, Ken Manheimer, Lambert Meertens, Lisa Guo, Lisa Roach, Mariatta Wijaya, Paul Everitt, Patrice Lyons, Peter Wang, Robin Friedrich, Robert Kahn, Sjoerd Mullender, Steven Pemberton, Tim O'Reilly, Ton Roosendaal, and Travis Oliphant"

I believe he also coined the term duck typing.
by gitaarik | 2025-08-29 09:15:19+00:00
Right, we have an online community where we share some cool software that we wrote for each other, and then suddenly we need to show our IDs because of "safety".

You are falling for the trap that all these wannabe dictators are setting up for us: that they are protecting us with all these regulations. Oh sure it protects some people in some ways, but you're not seeing how you're giving away your freedom and put them in control of your life.
by subscribed | 2025-08-29 09:15:49+00:00
"unlockable bootloader" is the requirement to flash anyone alternative on the phone, yes, but the GrapheneOS you mentioned will support _any_ device that is "flashable" and secure enough: https://grapheneos.org/faq#future-devices

Currently it's only Pixels from 8 up.

Other alternative firmware projects don't seem to be too concerned about security (eg they don't support relocking bootloader, don't support secure boot, don't release patches for months), so they're not really in the same ballpark ALTHOUGH I agree that they still might be better option than stock OS on the device abandoned by the vendor.
by kace91 | 2025-08-29 09:17:25+00:00
My main issue with their system is how closed it is.

I got an issue where mind would randomly start writing disk like crazy and maxing cpu usage, to the point I was bothered by the noise. I’d stop all containers, leave it as close to idle as I could manage, still spiking.

There was no way I could learn what was causing it.

I would like to assume it was a disk maintenance process or something, but for all I know it could be mining bitcoin and I’d be none the wiser. It went on for some weeks then stopped.
by mjg59 | 2025-08-29 09:17:31+00:00
Actually easier to remove the license restrictions around their RTSP backup software than it is to set up an equivalent thing myself

(Edit: I have a very particular set of skills. Having put some time into making this work with tools I could put together myself and failing, I found that my Synology had a tool that did it perfectly and refused to do so for the number of cameras I had. I fixed that.)
by contrarian1234 | 2025-08-29 09:17:42+00:00
Yeah, I get if it's just a for-fun kind of thing. I didn't mean to knock it. I guess generally people want their work to end up being used. The time-line is such that that seems semi-impossible.

As the other replies show, you can still buy this machine, but it sounds like it likely won't be for too much longer

The developers involved must be acutely aware of it. Maybe they have some sense that the work will easily update to current M chips. Or maybe they don't really care about that. It was just an interesting exercise and they move on