MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by godelski | 2025-08-30 22:33:08+00:00
> Working with passion fuels a level of intensity and emotional involvement that can take a while to recover from if you don’t get the result (read: success) you desired.

I'm reminded of a phrase: Passion is worth 10 IQ points.

The number of IQ points doesn't really matter but this is about feel. With passion you're much more likely to dig in. By digging in you're more likely to see subtle issues that can result in drastically different outcomes (the more complex something is, the more likely such issues exist). You care about the thing working and so you care about finding out when it doesn't work.

On the other hand, if you have no passion you just go through the motions. You spend less time thinking. It passes the tests? Okay great, let's move on, "it works, so who cares?" In this situation you care less about the thing working and more about getting the task done.

I feel like the second attitude is becoming much more common. I'm sure there are a ton of reasons why but I feel like one of these is that complexity has just exploded. An unfortunate fact is that you can make things too simple. Little errors compound to become big errors that are difficult to wrangle. I think we've gotten to a point where there's so much (often hidden) complexity that we are constantly being overwhelmed, making it harder to care, creating a dangerous feedback loop.

Every good problem solver knows that the best way to tackle a problem is to break it down into bite sized and simpler pieces. But the flip side of this is that every big problem is caused by the accumulation of many little problems. For some reason we have a much harder time thinking in this direction. For this reason I think we need to stress the importance of the little things[0]. It is also important to remember that when solving the big problem that solving each little problem is not enough. That only works if they are independent. You may want to start out treating them as such but that's why this tends to become an iterative process, because as you converge to solving the larger problem these hidden complexities start to reveal themselves. So solving small problems is a defensive strategy.

[0] This can easily be misread. I am not insisting that everyone be a perfectionist. What I've said is far easier said than done. Perfection does not exist, there is always something wrong. The question is much more about bounding that error and keeping it small. It is about recognizing these issues and keeping track of them. More important than solving problems is the recognition of them. After all, it is incredibly difficult to solve problems you don't know exist. By keeping track of these things you can better triage tasks. Even a few comments in the code stating what assumptions are made or stating the conditions that the code is expected to run on will save you tons of headaches in the future. A trivial amount of work in the moment can pay enormous dividends when given enough time.
by underlipton | 2025-08-30 22:33:14+00:00
Their workers and vendors only suffer if their owners and executives decide to pass the buck of 1) poor management (not being able to set prices adequately), and 2) being in the socioeconomic class with the most influence on the most recent election. That class has expanded their wealth ludicrously during the last 3 presidential administrations, while most Americans have suffered. Any hits they take now are completely deserved, and nobly so if accepted willingly, in order to spare those lower on the ladder even more pain. (I am, of course, not holding my breath.)
by yjftsjthsd-h | 2025-08-30 22:33:14+00:00
> It's also much faster than ZFS at mounting a disk with a large number of filesystems (=subvolumes), which is critical for building certain types of fileservers at scale.

Now you've piqued my curiosity; what uses that many filesystems/subvolumes? (Not an attack; I believe you, I'm just trying to figure out where it comes up)
by breadwinner | 2025-08-30 22:33:15+00:00
Trump is even using Tariff threats to strong-arm other countries to retreat on their climate goals [1]. If the Supreme Court agrees that the Trump can do this then that means we have a dictator — one that will do way more harm than the one in North Korea.

[1] https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/27/climate/trump-internation...
by themafia | 2025-08-30 22:33:30+00:00
> You must present a REAL-ID compliant ID

Only the crew is required to validate them and you're not required to pass through any TSA checkpoint to achieve this. The operator is not required to do anything other than manually verify your ID. They do not have to submit your information to any specific system.

> and is operating under Part 91K.

91K covers multiple owner aircraft, and the only implications for ID as far as I can tell, is the technical understanding of who "controls" the flight and therefore who should check the IDs.

> only from airports where TSA doesn't run the FBO security.

The TSA controls all security by law. They usually allow operators to contract with a private company to do screening. Which FBOs are the TSA immediately running security for?
Show HN: Search private note by AI semantic search
by areshuyle | 2025-08-30 22:34:23+00:00
What's cool:

- Search by context - Describe the note - Copy paste content without lost format between Mail / Web / ChatGPT / Facebook and website content. - Option for e2e privacy

Why I like it:

- Solve the issue of forgetting note. - Draft rich format email easier.
by tim333 | 2025-08-30 22:35:05+00:00
To say it's biased to the left requires some agreement on what scale to use and where neutral is. I don't think there is such an agreement.

One niggle with your linked article is it says it's biased because it goes on about Trump's impeachments and doesn't say similar stuff about Obama but you could argue that's maybe because Trump got impeached twice and Obama didn't, rather than Wikipedia's biases or lack thereof.
by Flere-Imsaho | 2025-08-30 22:35:10+00:00
We've had the protocols and tech for decentralized services for 20+ years. The problem isn't the tech, it's the users! Your average Joe simply doesn't have 'must be decentralized' in their requirements. I'm guessing this is due to lack of education on the matter.

But, yes I agree with you :)
by hopelite | 2025-08-30 22:35:16+00:00
Because it's market/human psychology.

Reality is simply that industries are locking in tariff increase price expectations because they can (Wal Mart is even already increasing prices and the tariffs may not and have not yet even started impacting prices). It's just like how everyone started expecting a tip everywhere at all times at 25%, 35% rates during COVID and that not only has not disappear, it got even worse for a while before leveling off and the tip expectation is now north of 20% on average.

It's a common human behavior, a kind of ladder, the realization that "wow, I got away with all the previous increase rates, let's keep up the price increase rates since everyone has come to expect them".

Another example, car dealership premiums; they're still trying to push those and there is clearly a limited market and an unspoken agreement to keep them going across the dealerships. If people expect certain price increase rates, they have normalized those increases in their minds.

It's also why the fed has always "targeted 2% inflation" because it's a small amount that can be normalized over 12 months and you don't even notice it. But it's a steady rate that can be siphoned off the whole economy without people noticing the theft by fraud. You didn't complain about the fed stealing 2% of your wealth every single year, compounded all your life before they started stealing 5-12% for the last 5 years, did you? Sure, they can't get away with increased rates forever, lest the whole system collapse, but without someone/something forcing the hand, why should they stop. We are STILL hearing how the consumer is strong, while various revolving credit balances are increasing and people are just squandering future/other people's money, why would they care if they have to pay more, so why would sellers care not to increase prices if people are just willing and able to charge more.
by mdasen | 2025-08-30 22:35:43+00:00
> For a lot of stuff though ATProto is built in a way that you shouldn't have to host your own; you can implement your own algorithmic feed that reads from the Bluesky Relay's firehose, or your own frontend that still gets data from the Bluesky AppView.

ATProto isn't "built this way".

Twitter was also built in a way where you could implement your own stuff - and then Twitter took that away.

With Mastodon, there is one large instance (controlled by the non-profit Mastodon gGmbH). If they tried closing themselves off, their users would be losing access to the majority of people in the network. Plus, while non-profits aren't perfect, they don't have VC investors to answer to.

Bluesky could decide to stop publishing the firehose or restrict its APIs - just as Twitter did. Given that they control 99.55% of the network, they can close it off without worrying about their users losing access to anything. And Bluesky is a for-profit company that has raised around $30M in VC.

What you talk about isn't a feature of ATProto. It's a feature of being centralized and having a company willing to let you use their servers for free (at least for now). This was the case with Twitter for a long time. You could read the Twitter firehose and build your own apps and frontends getting data from the Twitter APIs - just as you can do from Bluesky today.

But unless there's a reason why shutting off the firehose/APIs would be bad for Bluesky, they can do that at anytime. It might anger some users (as Reddit and Twitter both did), but they control the network and network effects are powerful. For most Bluesky users, they'd continue using it because they aren't there for some open protocol. They're on Bluesky because Twitter became a nazi bar. Until we see real decentralization with ATProto, it's just a centralized network like Twitter or Reddit which hasn't shut off its firehose and public API yet. Hopefully that won't happen, but it certainly could.
by kragen | 2025-08-30 22:35:48+00:00
I think it's a matter of whether you're programming in a mostly applicative way† or in a more imperative way. Especially in the modern age of generational GC, Lisp cons lists support applicative programming with efficient applicative update, but sacrifice efficiency for certain common operations: indexing to a numerical position in a large list, appending to a list, or doing a lookup in a finite map such as an alist. So, in Common Lisp or Scheme, we are often induced to use vectors or hash tables, sacrificing applicative purity for efficiency—thus Perlis's quip about how purely applicative languages are poorly applicable, from https://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/perlis-alan/quotes.html.

In general a sequence of expressions of which only the value of the last is used, like C's comma operator or the "implicit progn" of conventional cond and let bodies, is only useful for imperative programming where the non-last expressions are executed for their side effects.

Clojure's HAMTs can support a wider range of operations efficiently, so Clojure code, in my limited experience, tends to be more purely applicative than code in most other Lisps.

Incidentally, a purely applicative finite map data structure I recently learned about (in December 02023) is the "hash trie" of Chris Wellons and NRK: https://nullprogram.com/blog/2023/09/30/. It is definitely less efficient than a hash table, but, in my tests so far, it's still about 100ns per hash lookup on my MicroPC and 250ns on my cellphone, compared to maybe 50ns or 100ns respectively for an imperative hash table without FP-persistence. It uses about twice as much space. This should make it a usable replacement for hash tables in many applications where either FP-persistence, probabilistically bounded insertion time, or lock-free concurrent access is required.

This "hash trie" is unrelated to Knuth's 01986 "hash trie" https://www.cs.tufts.edu/~nr/cs257/archive/don-knuth/pearls-..., and I think it's a greatly simplified HAMT, but I don't yet understand HAMTs well enough to be sure. Unlike HAMTs, it can also support in-place mutating access (and in fact my performance measurements above were using it).

______

† sometimes called "functional", though that can alternatively refer to programming with higher-order functions
by 0cf8612b2e1e | 2025-08-30 22:35:54+00:00
Leverage? Soybeans are the number one US food export (historically mostly to China). To date, China has purchased zero bushels this year. This is with US soy being cheaper than the competition. Maybe China cannot replace 100% of their demand today, but they are showing a united front that their import numbers will be kept as low as possible.

…Basse says soybean importers aren’t just snubbing U.S. soybeans. They are specifically being told by the Chinese government to not buy U.S. beans. “So, if you’re a Chinese importer or a Chinese crusher, you’ve been told by the government not to buy U.S. soybeans until they tell you to. This is how China works. Today the Chinese have a stronghold on buying United States soybeans, even though our prices are nearly $1 a bushel cheaper than what they’re buying in Brazil. This is the pressure that I believe the Chinese government is trying to apply on the Trump administration during a trade negotiation,”…

https://www.agweb.com/news/crops/soybeans/8-soybeans-thats-r...
by Yossarrian22 | 2025-08-30 22:37:18+00:00
>On a Saturday afternoon in April 2024, I was on the rooftop pool deck of a Marriott hotel, setting up radar equipment aimed above the Hollywood Hills in Burbank, California. My five-year-old son, still damp from swimming, darted around as I calibrated the system.

This has to be an FCC violation of some sort.
by Ygg2 | 2025-08-30 22:37:32+00:00
> What’s the counterfactual?

The division in American weren't created by a foreign entity. The class war simply never ended.

If you're rich you want to keep less rich off your lawn. So you let the guys with torches fight the guys with pitchforks, by convincing they are each other's enemy.

> IMO it’s extremely naive to believe that information ops for some reason wouldn’t be effective in our own country.

It's another form of naivete to think that average CIA operative is any better at his job than average Joe.
by bofadeez | 2025-08-30 22:39:00+00:00
This is a talking point from an old university class lecture interpreting factor analytic data on personality and IQ [1].

In practice, intelligence tests don’t depend on the specific questions asked. If you let a group of people generate their own items, pool them together, sample randomly, and then rank scores, the same individuals would tend to rise to the top. The high IQ people would cluster toward the top with a correlation of 0.9. This is because people with higher general cognitive ability perform better across virtually any cognitive task, a phenomenon first documented by Spearman (1904) and repeatedly confirmed in psychometrics research (e.g., Jensen 1998; Deary 2012).

[1] https://youtu.be/D7Kn5p7TP_Y?t=47m50s
by bofadeez | 2025-08-30 22:39:05+00:00
In practice, intelligence tests don’t depend on the specific questions asked. If you let a group of people generate their own questions, pool them together, sample randomly, and then rank scores, the same individuals would tend to rise to the top. This is because people with higher general cognitive ability perform better across virtually any cognitive task, a phenomenon first documented by Spearman (1904) and repeatedly confirmed in psychometrics research (e.g., Jensen 1998; Deary 2012).
by anigbrowl | 2025-08-30 22:39:28+00:00
As well as big business, this is just shutting down or radically altering many small industries. FIlmmakers, authors/book publishers, musicians etc. are negatively incentivized to ship product to the US, so good luck if you are an American consumer with niche cultural hobbies or a specialized importer who does a lot of small-batch orders.
by martinpw | 2025-08-30 22:39:46+00:00
Closely related to the Rule of Three - ok to duplicate once, but if it is needed a third time, consider refactoring: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_three_(computer_progra...

I think it's a pretty good compromise. I have tried in the past not to duplicate code at all, and it often ends up more pain than gain. Allow copy/paste if code is needed in two different places, but refactor if needed in three or more, is a pretty good rule of thumb.
by jchw | 2025-08-30 22:39:52+00:00
OK, to be honest, I'm surprised anyone runs a third-party Bluesky AppView even just as a curiosity. I genuinely can't understand why anyone would run one of these except as a raw curiosity.

If 99% of the people are using the default AppView, the default relay, the default indexers, the default PDSes, etc, etc... that just means that everything that almost the entire userbase sees is completely controlled by one entity. It's technically possible for people to use alternative services, but the community would have to wrestle the majority control of the network away from Bluesky Social PBC for it to really matter. Running an alternate PDS or even AppView seems like mostly a symbolic gesture since whether anyone can actually see your posts is still up to the whims of one entity, just like Twitter, and that's partly because there's no way to really "own" the URLs of your posts or profile. The canonical URLs are one domain owned by one company. The others are just alternatives.

But:

> the whole point of ATProto is that there is a shared "picture" of the world

I think everyone does understand that ATProto "solves" some of the problems with decentralization that you can observe from the Fediverse, but when you look at the practical reality of ATProto, it's hard to figure out exactly what aspect of decentralization users are supposed to be able to still benefit from. The whole thing could be re-centralized and literally 99% of all users wouldn't notice anything different. If you get censored by the entity running the primary AppView, or even deeper, you could theoretically run all of your own components... but then you'd just be talking to pretty much yourself. Even if you did succeed and somehow wrestled away a substantial portion of users, (which would be extremely expensive and impractical), now you just have the same split world that exists in the Fediverse, but with AppViews/moderation services. It kinda seems like the "shared picture of the world" concept is actually somewhat incompatible with having an actual decentralized network where users meaningfully have control.

P.S.: I know that mentioning censorship is automatically polarizing, but with Bluesky I really feel like I have good reason. I tried Bluesky briefly a long while back just out of raw curiosity, and I actually managed to get my account taken down with zero posts. I literally was just following some artists, mostly Japanese, and I assume one of them got banned for something NSFW. I'm not even sure I liked any posts that were NSFW. Needless to say once I got unbanned I just deleted my account and gave up on it. I wasn't really planning on using it for anything, so it's not like I am horribly offended by this, but it definitely gave me an idea of how Bluesky Social PBC moderates. No thanks.
by jofla_net | 2025-08-30 22:40:59+00:00
>It will happily accept string in a array of dates, for example.

Yeah theres a bunch of oddities that rear their head from time to time.

I've had one peculiar JSON de-serialize bug lately that really threw me for a while. I normally do the json_decode() with the second arg set true, which yields an assoc arr. This doesn't tell the whole story though. IF the key is numeric when decoding, PHP will make its key an int! and not a string like the rest. I'm guessing it does the equivalent of an is_numeric() check or something.

This yields an array with keys which could be ints and strings :/

Still for all its warts though it is a fantastically Frankenstein of a language!
by tialaramex | 2025-08-30 22:41:20+00:00
There's a firm foundation in Javascript. The choices aren't choices I'd make but they're choices I understand. Brendan Eich knew what he was doing and it shows, indeed if it was made simply of bailing wire and string it'd have been replaced.

For PHP on the other hand - even when I started writing PHP3 - so certainly not the very beginnings, it's clearly just cobbling together whatever works from unrelated half-understood parts and so there's no coherent centre to it, when I last worked on some PHP earlier this year it still felt like bailing wire and string.
by edavis | 2025-08-30 22:43:08+00:00
An important note here is the $30/mo is for the relay which is _not_ something the average user will ever need to run

Instead, you're looking for hosting a PDS which you absolutely can do for $10/mo (or less)

I run a PDS on a OVH Cloud VPS for $5/mo for myself, some alts, and some bots
by hippo22 | 2025-08-30 22:43:45+00:00
I’d like to lay out an argument about why tariffs are good.

The only businesses that are derailing with tariffs issues are those that import goods to sell. The argument against tariffs is that they make goods more expensive.

Of course, this argument is true. But that’s not the end of the story.

Because prices are higher for imported goods, demand for domestically produced goods increases. This increase in demand leads to increased demand for labor, which can increase wages. Additionally, the money multiplier effect is higher when money is kept domestically vs paid to offshore parties.

Finally, I think it’s ridiculous to expect that this nation can maintain its wealth without producing anything. We act as if the producers of food are fungible cogs that businesses can swap out. But I think we’ll find that management is the fungible part. Anyone can sell a quality good. Knowing how to make it is what’s important. I’m surprised that mindset doesn’t resonate more with software engineers.
by caminanteblanco | 2025-08-30 22:44:03+00:00
From your article, which claims that intelligence is reflected in how "foldy" your ears are:

>Imagine that you know that you aren’t so smart. It’s difficult to do well in class. Then you hear of this theory, go check your ears in the mirror, and find that your ears are not so foldy. Maybe they’d feel relief at understanding why things are the way they are. They could then endeavor to do better for their kids and the next generation armed with the knowledge of prenatal nutrition and its benefits

What kind of crackpottery is this?

>My personal opinion is that only people with these biologies are not Aristotle’s natural slaves, only able to live in the worlds of others.

This is the kind of fatalist intelligence eugenics that makes me recoil.
by anigbrowl | 2025-08-30 22:44:25+00:00
Most economic theory is good, but most theory salespeople are flogging a simplistic version of it. 'Pure' price theory demands perfect market information and zero costs to enter/exit the market - that's why it's easiest to study on extremely fungible commodities.

In real world markets economics considers elasticity, arbitrage, and distribution of market information between producers, wholesalers, retailers, buyers etc. But very little of that finds its way into op-eds or blogs aimed at a non-academic audience.
by sgarland | 2025-08-30 22:44:32+00:00
Frankly, this is terrible advice. If you’re not designing your data model around the language it’s going to be queried in, how do you expect to get decent performance out of the database?

Also, in no way does SQL hide anything - it’s a declarative language, and will produce exactly what you tell it to, provided you understand what it is you asked it to do. The query engine is somewhat of a black box, but that is completely orthogonal.