MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by blargey | 2025-08-17 05:00:17+00:00
> The 60/20 Rule is a lesser-known provision that can help limit your total Wealth and Solidarity Tax liability. Under this rule, your combined tax on income (IRPF) and Wealth/Solidarity Tax cannot exceed 60% of your taxable income. However, the tax cannot be reduced below 20% of the original amount.

Seems the effective wealth tax rate for single-digit millionaires is closer to 0.34% than 1.7% in practice.

ref: https://www.skyboundwealth.com/news-and-insights/spanish-wea...

(Also worth mentioning since some commenters seem to have missed it: Spain has two wealth taxes, the older "wealth tax" and the recent "solidarity tax". The older wealth tax had been functionally abolished in several regions, and the new solidarity tax effectively replaced it, with higher asset thresholds.)
by delta_p_delta_x | 2025-08-17 05:01:21+00:00
The comments on this page are a complete cesspool.

A full third of them complaining about the anti-bot protection mascot (yes, it's a cartoon character; get over it), others splitting the finest of hairs over software development groups and company politics, and more.

Self-hosting is generally good, well done to FFmpeg. Many large projects self-host, and my own ex-company has physical servers in the city we work at that can be unplugged if necessary.

I just wish Git itself had a more robust means of issue-handling (no, email is a 1980s protocol, it's not good enough, even if it is for Linux) and CI/CD, rather than relegating the matter to different hosts.

And now everyone has to learn GitHub Actions, Gitlab pipelines, Jenkins pipelines, and more.
by lotyrin | 2025-08-17 05:02:16+00:00
Yes, Issue with GitLab is their "Enterprise" maximalist feature set. Seems like they want to be the solution for the entire SDLC for every conceivable team.

I remember thinking a decade ago "wow these guys are biting off a lot to chew, maybe in a decade they'll be able to tackle all these things in a comprehensive way" and my opinion now is they are still probably a decade out. I appreciate their ambition and wish them luck, but it's not for me.

If if a project requires more maintenance than I could potentially do by myself in a pinch because of complexity or having a massive supply chain of dependencies that keep it on a treadmill I will hesitate to depend on it.
by joshvm | 2025-08-17 05:06:04+00:00
Foundation models like DINO learn representations of their inputs. That is, they generate very high-dimensional numerical descriptions of what you put into them. The models aren't trained on labelled data, but they're trained on some pretext task like "given this image with a cutout, fill in the cutout" (see Masked Auto-Encoders). So the basic output from a model is a vector - often called an embedding. Literally a 1D list of numbers, O(1k)-dimensional. Your goal is to get an embedding that assigns (well) linearly separable vectors for all the things you want to classify.

Vision transformers also output patch tokens, which can be assembled into a low-resolution feature map (w/32, h/32 is common). So what you do with that data depends on the task. Classification can be as simple as linearly classifying the (whole image) embedding. A semantic segmentation task can do the same, but for every pixel. This is why the DINO authors show a PCA representation of a bunch of images, which show that semantically similar objects are grouped together by colour. Object detectors are more complicated, but the key thing is that once you have these pixel-level features, you can use them as input into existing architectures.

Now to your question: face recognition is a specific application of object re-identification (keyword: Re-ID). The way most of these models work is from the whole-image embedding. Normally you'd run a detector to extract the face region, then compute the embedding, put it in a vector database and then query for nearest neighbours using something like the cosine distance. I've only worked in this space for animals, but humans are far more studied. Whether DINOv3 is good enough out-of-the-box I don't know, but certainly there's a lot of literature looking at these sorts of models for Re-ID.

The challenge with Re-ID is that the model has to be able to produce features which discriminate individuals rather than similar looking individuals. For example with the vanilla model, you probably have a very good tool for visual search. But that's not the same task, because if you give it a picture of someone in a field, you'll get back pictures of other people in fields. That usually requires re-training on labelled imagery where you have a few examples of each person. The short answer is that there are already very good models for doing this, and they don't necessarily even need ML to do a decent job (though it might be used for keypoint detection for facial landmarks).
by ipaddr | 2025-08-17 05:08:26+00:00
I remember the Amazon rollout. The pitch was order a book from anywhere and get a biggest selection of books and price. Small book stores were getting eaten up by Chapters letting you read the entire book. Amazon's secret sauce was accessable affiliate marketing. They had and probably still have the biggest affiliate program and at first the only game on town.

Food/coffee came later when the in person business was declining.
by jader201 | 2025-08-17 05:08:32+00:00
Agree the title is a bit misleading, but addressing what sounds like an exploit still feels like a patch of sorts.

But yeah, “patch” usually implies software vs. hardware.

Either way, agree with other comments that Hyundai should just eat the costs if it prevents theft due to an exploit.

Having said that, given what the car costs, the fee doesn’t seem completely unreasonable.
by Aurornis | 2025-08-17 05:08:34+00:00
The web view is meant to be the publicly searchable archive, not the primary interface. Developers are supposed to use an email client and git integrations. You can follow a number of different guides to get set up to contribute but it’s not actually easy to use the workflows.

To be honest I think the difficult and learning curve is part of the goal. The people who operate in these worlds don’t want it to be easy for anyone to come along and get involved. One of the main objections to moving to hosted platforms like GitHub or Forgejo is from people who worry it will result in a lot of low quality PRs that have to be dealt with. I’m not suggesting I agree, but it comes up a lot.
by jraph | 2025-08-17 05:08:56+00:00
> Most developers use GitHub, and only have experience with GitHub.

> GitHub is the most popular service by far for a good reason. People build their whole professional portfolio on GitHub, and it's well-known and globally recognized.

I see those things as a big issue. I hate it that github is a monopoly, that open source software projects rely on proprietary software for their infra and that we all depend on Microsoft of all companies for our open source activity.

I personally don't want to participate in helping MS maintain this monopoly.

Hopefully with these developments around forge federation, the "having to create an account is too big of a friction" thing will be less of an issue.

In the meantime, Forgejo already allows login in with open id providers, in many case you are already able to login with your github account.
by mzehrer | 2025-08-17 05:09:35+00:00
I don't think you should stress yourself out by viewing everything solely from a productivity perspective. I use Linkding and have bookmarks for everything that interests me. I see it more as a personal history or memory that I can refer back to. Linkding has a very good search function for this and can also be integrated into Google or SearxNG search results via a Chrome extension.
by nightpool | 2025-08-17 05:09:47+00:00
The bit about the name seems to be a complete hallucination / tokenization error. The project's docs say: "Forgejo (pronounced /forˈd͡ʒe.jo/ (hear an audio sample)) is inspired by forĝejo, the Esperanto word for forge." I would expect the rest of the AI summary to be similarly unreliable / hallucinated—I compared the test directories for both projects and they both seemed to have about the same amount of activity.
by insane_dreamer | 2025-08-17 05:09:52+00:00
> I foresee people being asked to wear AR glasses and/or work in a digital camera panopticon to be constantly evaluated on performance and compliance with (disconnected and disaffected) policy

No need to foresee; this is already happening. Remote surveillance of work performed, with an AI determining, based on realtime video or photos, whether you performed the job correctly or not. Some companies are doing this now, particularly in industries where it's expensive to send someone out to fix something if it wasn't done exactly right the first time. But it's easily applied all down the line.
by Aurornis | 2025-08-17 05:10:50+00:00
Rejecting useless or white space-only PRs is quick and easy. It’s not as big of a problem as you’re suggesting.

I’ve gone through a few projects and updated the documentation as I explored the codebase. Reception ranges from thankful to people scorning me for attempting to make contributions that weren’t code changes. It’s frustrating when maintainers are more interested in keeping people out than in considering actual code or doc improvements.
by nebyoolae | 2025-08-17 05:11:11+00:00
I have browser bookmarks for things I go to frequently, but occasionally need to prune them due to actual disuse. For everything else, I used to use Pocket, but then switched to a self-hosted Wallabag interface. The UI could use a little tweaking, but it works for my purposes. There’re browser extensions to save stuff and even a decent iOS app.

That being said, I have the common problem of forgetting to actually read any of it later. I’ll have sessions where I go through it once or twice a month, cleaning out the “inbox”, but I have so many starred links I’ll probably never go back to, so I have to wonder sometimes: what’s the point?
by Helmut10001 | 2025-08-17 05:13:15+00:00
The biggest migration challenge isn't finding one-to-one replacements for software, but rebuilding tested workflows and processes.

For years, I've had a seamless document management process on Windows for all my receipts and bills:

1. My ScanSnap scans, auto-crops, and OCRs documents into a designated folder. 2. A small open-source tool, DropIt [1], monitors that folder. 3. Based on about 100 custom rules that parse the OCR'd text (for tax IDs, phone numbers, etc.), DropIt automatically renames and moves the PDFs into the correct subfolders. 4. Nextcloud then syncs the organized files, and I can discard the paper originals.

This "fire-and-forget" system has been incredibly reliable.

When I explored replicating this on Linux, I found the building blocks exist. For instance, ocrmypdf seems to be a powerful OCR tool, and SANE drivers combined with gscan2pdf can handle the scanning. [2] I also found several tools for automated file renaming and organization.[3] However, the Fujitsu ScanSnap Home software provides an all-in-one experience for the initial capture.[4] More importantly, I'd have to manually translate all my pattern-matching rules from DropIt to a new system, likely a collection of shell scripts. I still feel that this is too fragile. I would need to program all exceptions myself: file renaming issues, special characters, length of document names, issues with OCR and alerting, should anything go wrong. The system needs to be fail-safe because once I throw the original away, there is no going back.

Then, another challenge is to find the time to replace this reliable system with the shortest "downtime" possible. I need this daily.. so I already decided I need a migration phase, where both systems run in parallel. Perhaps this better explains my slowness to migrate to Linux.

The fact that there isn't a well-known, integrated tool for this on Linux seems suspicious. It makes me wonder if I'm approaching the problem from the wrong direction. Is there a more "Linux-native" philosophy for this kind of workflow automation that I'm missing?

And yes, I'm aware of Paperless-ngx. It's a fantastic project, but I'm committed to my current folder structure and prefer to avoid a solution that centralizes my documents in a database, away from my Nextcloud setup and my filesystem-first-philosophy for document management. I don't trust that paperless-ngx will be available in 40+ years from now, but I need my document management to last that long.

[1]: http://www.dropitproject.com/

[2]: https://github.com/ocrmypdf/OCRmyPDF

[3]: https://github.com/ptmrio/autorename-pdf

[4]: https://forum.manjaro.org/t/fujitsu-scansnap-home-software-f...
by dzink | 2025-08-17 05:13:59+00:00
The reality is that if you have a skill and there are no jobs, if the skill is something you can practice on your own as a freelancer or entrepreneur, you will do it. And if your skill allows you to make something that disproportionately earns a lot of money, like housing, you will see people doing it. I come from the future - Eastern Europe, a place that endured extreme hyperinflation, poverty, and started generating growth again not long ago.
by rafram | 2025-08-17 05:14:27+00:00
> He now serves as vice president of strategy and governmental affairs for D-Fend Solutions, which supplies counter-drone equipment to the U.S. military

> “I highly doubt that there weren’t, in that big mix of drones, some foreign adversary”

Guy selling anti-drone tech to the military talks to a military blog, says vague things that make it sound like buying anti-drone tech would be a good idea.

Alright!
by Aurornis | 2025-08-17 05:16:45+00:00
> Self-hosting is generally good

I’ve contributed to a number of projects that try to self-host, with mixed results. It gets frustrating when someone’s GitLab (or other) server is so slow that every page load takes several seconds, or when the self-hosted solution goes down for a week because the admin is on vacation and missed something.

I’ve contributed to one server that feels the need to periodically delete dormant accounts for some reason. Every time I come back to the project I find myself creating a new user account.

With the anubis-protected servers the anti-bot protection has a lot of false positives, so occasionally I have to switch browsers just to not deal with page load failures.

One server adopted some black list that had my home IP in it for some reason, so I was just banned from accessing the server without a VPN.

It all just feels old and tiring after a while compared to the breath of fresh air of just using a site like GitLab or GitHub that simply works.

I understand why they’d want to do it, but I don’t think it’s without some tradeoffs.
by layman51 | 2025-08-17 05:18:10+00:00
Maybe, but recently I came across an article where he had reached out to scam victims who fell prey to scammers who used AI to copy Woz's likeness to dupe people into depositing cryptocurrency so that they could get it much more of it back. It's a classic scam that would have almost anyone blaming the victims for falling for it. But what was touching is that Woz had read some emails from victims who were confused.

I think almost anyone would have ignored it, but he decided to at least try to fix it by filing a lawsuit on behalf of victims. I think the lawsuit ended up getting stuck since the scam relies on shady ads on YouTube. But I thought it was cool that at least he tried arguing that it is weird that scammers can make ads that impersonate others and it takes quite a while for them to get taken down.
by dzhiurgis | 2025-08-17 05:20:06+00:00
The thing with batteries you can overlock your VW to do a single use 1000HP, 100k km 500hp vehicle or 1 million mile 100HP vehicle. Asking users to pay at expense of increased chance of warranty claim makes perfect sense.

Similarly Chinese EVs that advertise 1000 KW charging - unclear what is battery longevity at those c-rates.
by picafrost | 2025-08-17 05:22:31+00:00
Another way to frame this is that even though the FFmpeg repository clearly indicates it's a mirror repository and has had a single open pull request titled "WARNING: PULL REQUESTS ON THIS REPOSITORY ARE IGNORED" [0] sitting in the pull requests page for 10 years, they've still had to close hundreds of pull requests.

[0] https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pull/153
by maysunyoung | 2025-08-17 05:22:42+00:00
Hey HN, I just discovered *FreeVideoGenerator.io*, which offers a really impressive way to create artistic video snippets—from either text prompts or images—using AI, with *500 free credits per month* and *no credit card required*.

Here’s why I think it’s worth your time:

### What makes it stand out:

* *Dual input modes*: You can generate either *text-to-video* or *image-to-video* content, making it versatile for creative experimentation or asset transformations. ([Free Video Generator][1])

* *Artistic flair powered by Kling AI*: The engine behind the content is “Kling AI,” which seems tuned for rendering visually engaging, high-quality, artistic-style video artworks. ([Free Video Generator][1])

* *Free tier with volume*: 500 free credits per month (100 credits approximate one 5-second clip?) gives you enough runway to test various prompts or styles before committing to anything.

* *Efficient generation*: Videos are typically ready in 2–5 minutes, so design tweaks or prompt iterations feel fast and flow smoothly. ([Free Video Generator][1])

* *No sign-up friction*: There’s no need for a credit card to start—gotta love that onboarding.

---

### Use Cases I’m excited about:

* *Creative artists and coders* can quickly iterate visually expressive micro-stories or abstract clips for social sharing. * *UX/UI designers* might convert static mockups into animated content for prototypes or presentations. * *Micro-content creators* can test out short-form visual ideas (like 5–10 second artistic loops) without friction or cost.

---

### Caveats & Open Questions:

* *Duration limits*: Looks like only 5-second or 10-second outputs are supported. More testing needed to confirm resolution, smoothness, and looping behavior. * *Credit system granularity*: It's unclear precisely how credits are consumed per second or per generation—worth experimenting or checking documentation. * *Lack of broader context*: I didn’t find info on exporting quality, watermarking, or customization beyond prompt and duration.

*FreeVideoGenerator.io* offers a neat, frictionless way to turn text or static images into artistic-looking video snippets. With *500 free credits/month* and quick turnaround, it's a great playground for creative exploration.

Would love to hear if anyone else has tried it—or if there are better alternatives for prompt-to-video that value ease-of-use, style, and free credits!

Let me know if you’d like to tweak style or add more technical detail!
by tzury | 2025-08-17 05:23:17+00:00
This issue has only worsened with LLMs "assisting" contributors in submitting PRs that end up wasting maintainers' time.

Tools like OpenAI Codex, which can connect directly to repositories, are likely to amplify this problem even further.

That said, this is also the real measure of the actual value of LLMs and coding agents: the day we see top open-source projects having dozens of bugs effectively fixed per day by LLMs, we’ll know they’ve matured into a solid, reliable resource.
by glitchc | 2025-08-17 05:24:07+00:00
The most uniform pieces come from this onion dicer: https://latacocarts.com/products/onion-dicer

I used to work in fast food and this bad boy has a rate of 0.5 onions/sec and all of the resulting pieces are perfectly uniform squares. If you've ever wondered where the perfectly diced onions garnishing your burger came from, this is it.

It was a pain to clean though, as the blades were exceedingly sharp. Someone would cut their fingers about once a week on those things.
by bakugo | 2025-08-17 05:24:52+00:00
> A full third of them complaining about the anti-bot protection mascot (yes, it's a cartoon character; get over it)

If you're going to force people to stare at a screen with nothing but your quirky anime girl OC for a few seconds every time they visit your website, then in my opinion it's completely reasonable for those people to point out how immature it is. Telling people to "get over it" just makes you sound equally as immature.
by JALTU | 2025-08-17 05:25:31+00:00
Brief anecdote: A friend hired an electrician to wire some things and he asked how the electrician's business was going. The reply was (paraphrased): We hired seven people two weeks ago, now only one is left because the rest either didn't show up, couldn't show up regularly, or couldn't focus on tasks long enough to get work done. We let them go because this is electricity. We are not going to pay for anyone's funeral!
by woodruffw | 2025-08-17 05:27:03+00:00
It's a package manager[1]. This wasn't obvious on first glance.

This has a lot of red flags: it looks like it's mostly machine translated, the packages come from unclear sources, and the GitHub repository itself appears to mostly contain scaffolding, none of the actual code of the manager itself[2]

[1]: https://www.x-cmd.com/install/

[2]: https://github.com/x-cmd/x-cmd/tree/main
by arugulum | 2025-08-17 05:28:35+00:00
GPT-1 wasn't used as a zero-shot text generator; that wasn't why it was impressive. The way GPT-1 was used was as a base model to be fine-tuned on downstream tasks. It was the first case of a (fine-tuned) base Transformer model just trivially blowing everything else out of the water. Before this, people were coming up with bespoke systems for different tasks (a simple example is that for SQuAD a passage-question-answering task, people would have an LSTM to read the passage and another LSTM to read the question, because of course those are different sub-tasks with different requirements and should have different sub-models). One GPT-1 came out, you just dumped all the text into the context, YOLO fine-tuned it, and trivially got state on the art on the task. On EVERY NLP task.

Overnight, GPT-1 single-handedly upset the whole field. It was somewhat overshadowed by BERT and T5 models that came out very shortly after, which tended to perform even better on the pretrain-and-finetune format. Nevertheless, the success of GPT-1 definitely already warrants scaling up the approach.

A better question is how OpenAI decided to scale GPT-2 to GPT-3. It was an awkward in-between model. It generated better text for sure, but the zero-shot performance reported in the paper, while neat, was not great at all. On the flip side, its fine-tuned task performance paled compared to much smaller encoder-only Transformers. (The answer is: scaling laws allowed for predictable increases in performance.)
by solatic | 2025-08-17 05:28:45+00:00
So then you need to fill the containers with something more dense, in which case you need to expend energy bringing that to the middle of the ocean where this whole contraption is going to be. You also need a way of expelling it from the container so that it can be replaced by freshwater, and then you have pollution concerns since it will sink to the bottom of the ocean, where it will pile up over time.
by hagfjall | 2025-08-17 05:29:27+00:00
Looks like an interactive overlay/replacement of similar tools like `ls`.

https://www.x-cmd.com/mod/jq is good example. `jq` and a couple of other tools that I run not-so-often leads to me needing to run i tseveral times with different arguments to get it correct, or read the manual once again. This tool might be helpful for those scenarios.
by martianlantern | 2025-08-17 05:29:35+00:00
I’m not familiar with Zig and would appreciate an explanation of how this works. My understanding is that cache behavior is managed by the CPU, and programmers only influence it indirectly through the sequence of instructions (i.e., access patterns). Is that accurate? Also, is this approach specific to Zig, or could it be achieved in C or Rust as well? Thanks