MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by bongodongobob | 2025-08-27 17:27:02+00:00
Their hiring is insane too. Years ago I applied for a Sys admin I position. After 3 rounds of interviews, they gave me a test to take. Except it was something you'd give a senior dev. They specced out a fake language, super esoteric too, it was like a combination of brainfuck and assembly, and asked me to solve problems with it, and debug code written in it. I could have toughed my way through it, but I was so dissatisfied with how much of my time they'd already wasted that I decided I didn't want to work there.
by GMoromisato | 2025-08-27 17:27:15+00:00
Agreed!

Also, Kessler Syndrome is over-feared, like the China Syndrome from the nuclear age.

At Starlink orbits, space debris renters in years, if not months. And even then, having cheap access to orbit would allow us deploy replacements quickly.

At GEO, the distances are so vast that Kessler Syndrome is much less likely (though not impossible).

In between, there is some danger, but again, cheap access to orbit gives us the possibility of clean up.
by FuriouslyAdrift | 2025-08-27 17:27:19+00:00
The wireguard protocol is an encapsulation or tunneling protocol... which is, by definition, a virtualized private network protocol.

It's not different from IPSec, GRE, VXLAN, etc. It's just the new hotness.

We use VXLAN extensively in our network, btw, and IKEv2/IPSec tunnels between sites.
by pclmulqdq | 2025-08-27 17:27:23+00:00
I have most heard this in terms of "orbital velocity" and "orbital trajectory," as well as statements from the announcers on their livestreams, who are SpaceX spokespeople whether you want to excuse them or not, of "we reached orbit." I agree that if you look at their carefully-crafted press releases, there are fewer exaggerations than if you look at other communications. Even so:

> To be fair, there were two press releases where they didn't correctly use "sub-orbital" and used orbital instead. Releases 3 and 9.

Another example of an official communication is a March 14, 2024 Musk tweet after a rocket did not reach orbital velocity:

> Starship reached orbital velocity! Congratulations @SpaceX team!!

Orbital velocity at the altitudes they target is 28-30 km/h. They consistently stop their tests at about 26 km/h. This is not to say the rocket can't make it to orbital velocity, just that it didn't.

"They get sloppy with their language sometimes" is a good way to excuse repeated lies. If this were a company you were less of a fan of, "they get sloppy with their language sometimes" probably wouldn't fly for you, either. Getting called on their bluffs about this is probably the reason they have gotten more precise about their language.

By the way, it is my opinion that it is time to cancel the entire Artemis program and both of its failures of rocket technology. If SpaceX wants to continue to develop Starship, it should do so without federal funding. I would have no problems with the Starship program if not for the use of public money.
by lubujackson | 2025-08-27 17:27:58+00:00
This tracks my experience, though I haven't gone into the "swarm" approach. One thing I don't think gets enough discussion is:

> The cognitive load of this new state was immense. After about three hours of intense orchestration, I would feel completely burnt.

I definitely feel that. It's like the job becomes solely architecting the system (not terrible) but you still need to hold the entire program in your head (deeply taxing) while it is updated by a 1,000 tiny cuts which can dislodge your mental model... and then you are screwed. It is important center yourself from time to time and ensure you are on solid ground. The best way to do that is to give things a minute to sink in. Unless I am boilerplating everything, I don't WANT to go faster.

In general, I don't have a lot of desire to go down this orchestrator path. Maybe once tooling and things settle down a bit it can be helpful at times, but usually I get more value from letting things breathe, especially if there are structural changes or new ideas that bubble up and need to be considered.

Before LLMs, I would never re-architect on the fly, but I am more willing to make structural changes mid-flight now because it is so costless. Things I used to architect "good enough" (with a plan to revise in 12 months now) can be done precisely right the first time after going halfway down a path then noodling on it for an a day or so.

This is "Not the Way to Architect," but it sure is an effective way to go from idea -> complete.
by ej88 | 2025-08-27 17:28:04+00:00
Not really sure how this article refutes what I said?

He defines it as "everything that happens from when you put a prompt in to generate an output" -> but he seems to conflate inference with a query. Putting in input to generate the next single token is inference. A query or response just means the LLM repeats this until the stop token is emitted. (Happy to be corrected here)

The cost of inference per token is going down - the cost per query goes up because models consume more tokens, which was my point.

Either way, charging consumers per token pretty much guarantees that serving models is profitable (each of Anthropic's prior models turn a profit). The consumer-friendly flat 20$ subscription is not sustainable in the long run.

https://epoch.ai/data-insights/llm-inference-price-trends

https://www.snellman.net/blog/archive/2025-06-02-llms-are-ch...

https://x.com/eladgil/status/1827521805755806107
by vanderZwan | 2025-08-27 17:28:15+00:00
For those unaware: Ragu "razetime" Ranganathan, the author of this repository, died in an accident last year at just 22 years old. He already had a tremendous positive impact on the array language community in his short time with us on earth, see also this tribute[0] on the codegolf stackexchange site. I remember him from various proglang discord servers and other language forums, and had no idea he was that young as he was extremely knowledgeable, and wise beyond his years. It still feels unreal that he's gone.

RIP, razetime.

[0] https://codegolf.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/26416/in-m...
Ask HN: Why is Cloudflare sending my US traffic to London?
by hnroo99 | 2025-08-27 17:28:15+00:00
I'm building a website that I'm hosting on a Hetzner cloud server in us-west with a free Cloudflare proxy sitting in front of it. However for the past few weeks I've observed a dramatic increase in server response times when testing from multiple west coast locations in both Canada and USA.

I thought I might've introduced a regression in the application layer, but the pattern I saw was strange. The latency would only spike on weekdays from around 8am-6pm PST i.e. peak hours. Note that the site is still a WIP and has 0 real-user traffic.

After some digging I've confirmed the issue isn't happening at the application layer, but rather at the network/Cloudflare level. When I check `mydomain.com/cdn-cgi/trace` during peak hours, the Cloudflare data centre processing the request is very far from both me and the origin server (e.g. LHR London). And then it changes to something closer during off-hours. I've also confirmed latencies returns to normal when I disable Cloudflare proxying.

Some Cloudflare community members have described that the issue is actually a business problem with ISP-Cloudflare peering agreements rather than a technical problem: https://community.cloudflare.com/t/very-slow-server-response-time/611853/3 . But they say the fix is to go from a free plan to a pro plan, and I've tried that but the latency still persists...

I'm not really sure where to go from here. Has anyone gone through anything similar before? Am I missing anything obvious? I would prefer not to remove Cloudflare, but if the user experience is at the whims of Cloudflare's ISP agreements (which seemed to be fine a month ago!), then I'm seriously considering to just handle security on my own.
by ezekg | 2025-08-27 17:28:27+00:00
It's been very clear to me for quite awhile that they have to be doing this to push users to their mobile app, at least on iOS. I used to review PRs on my phone at night, but now I have to use the app because anything over a thousand lines will crash iOS Safari or cause scrolling to misbehave. Reddit has done the same over the years, as have countless other web apps.

You really can't escape the enshittification.
by cosmic_cheese | 2025-08-27 17:28:54+00:00
Agree. In addition, I don’t believe that significant amounts of switching was ever going to happen without desktop Linux becoming more like its commercial counterparts. One has to remember that most computer users use computers as tools and don’t relish having to learn a whole new set of conventions.

There will always be more “Linuxy” out in the weeds desktops for people who want them. Most people who want that built their own setup anyway, making whatever the big DEs do more or less moot.
by ticulatedspline | 2025-08-27 17:28:57+00:00
Definitely true, I think there is a divide where a GenX or Older millennial may say "why would I want you to save my stuff to the cloud" Z and beyond are likely more in the "why wouldn't I save to the cloud?" or at the extreme "you can do something other than save to the cloud?"

And while I think this is to some degree "keeping with the times" MS clearly has ulterior motives to do this, to lock users into an ecosystem, to dangle premium services, to charge for storage etc.

I suspect the HN crowd leans towards pessimistic/jaded views and that like MS is mostly doing this for the other reasons and not to conform to the norms of a population that doesn't really use MS word.
by sofixa | 2025-08-27 17:29:33+00:00
> think your double standard is pretty clear at this point

What double standard?? I'm merely pointing out that people distrustful of the government/EU are fine with Le Pen stealing from them. It's not an opinion I share, but I can understand it. I can't understand those people being fine with Putin bankrolling Le Pen though.

And still a million times better than Trump who not only stole from a cancer charity, but whose corruption is directly in the open and undeniable.

> IMO, the fundamental reason people in the US vote for Trump is because they don't trust the establishment/media

Regardless of that, they can see and hear with their own eyes and ears that he cannot string two coherent sentences together, and is obscenely disturbing as a human being.
by lulceltech | 2025-08-27 17:29:35+00:00
Hey there I feel your pain, ironically this is what lead me to create a new tool for developers like yourself called VanityCert that takes away the headache.

My journey personally was with my previous company and we had the challenge of 1-n domains pointing at 1-n sub domains so a simple solution like certbot just didn’t work for us sadly. Not only that but my bosses were doing it manually and still paying for the certs which was consuming time and money. So over the course of a few months I wrote a solution to that problem to easily issue, manage, and renew 1-n certs for 1-n vanity domains. Was a good bit of work but for the last 2 years it’s been flawless and turned into a upsell and a money maker from a losing situation previously.

This is funny timing because we actually just put VanityCert on product hunt if you’re interested in checking out what I build. Would love your thoughts!
by callc | 2025-08-27 17:29:48+00:00
> I don't care about competition, I care about the best product.

Competition is how you get to the best product. Lack of competition leads to malaise of product improvements as the market dominators are owning the space and happily exert their power over people.

> It's no different than going to a restaurant and them serving only Pepsi products.

There are two viable players for the average Joe in the phone market. There are I would guess 200-300 restaurants in my not so big town.

The number of choices matters a lot. If there were only two real option for restaurants around me, I would hope the management does not decide to be evil and lower food quality, jack up prices, or collude to only offer specific food while the other restaurant does not offer.

Also, in the restaurant example, we always have the option to buy our own food and cook at home. So to match the phone market situation, imagine cooking at home is illegal, and the only food you can eat is from two restaurants.
by benmmurphy | 2025-08-27 17:29:58+00:00
original poster was 'lucky' that he was using a work stealing engine. if the engine was not moving tasks between threads then i think the compiler would have been happy and he could have had the fun of debugging what happens when the same thread tries to lock the same mutex twice. the rust compiler won't save you from this kind of bug.

> The exact behavior on locking a mutex in the thread which already holds the lock is left unspecified. However, this function will not return on the second call (it might panic or deadlock, for example).
by BinaryIgor | 2025-08-27 17:30:15+00:00
Don't most of the benefits just come down to using a statically typed and thus compiled language? Be it Java, Go or C++; TypeScript is trickier, because it compiles to JavaScript and inherits some issues, but it's still fine.

I know that Rust provides some additional compile-time checks because of its stricter type system, but it doesn't come for free - it's harder to learn and arguably to read
by koakuma-chan | 2025-08-27 17:30:42+00:00
If you know some secret behind building reliable software in a programming language without types, with nulls, and with runtime exceptions, I'm all ears. I admit that a blanket statement "can't build reliable software" is going overboard, but the intention was to be dramatic, not factually correct. You can probably build reliable software in Python if you write everything from scratch, but I wouldn't want to do that to myself. I would rather use a programming language that has a type system, etc, and a better cultured ecosystem.
by ilikepi | 2025-08-27 17:30:47+00:00
Ah, since Atlassian has been increasingly messing with Trello over the past couple years, it has really gone to shit. I currently have a Firefox profile dedicated solely to it, using >2 gigs of memory and about 1/3 of an M1 core. It has cumulatively used about a day's worth of CPU time in since I booted in 6 days ago. In contrast, the profile dedicated to Slack is using 750 MB and has burned about 27 minutes of CPU time.
by __rito__ | 2025-08-27 17:30:59+00:00
> learned Photoshop in the early 2000s and had a blast making and editing images for fun

> "had a blast"

One can have blasts in many things nowadays. Like playing Factorio, writing functional code for recreational problem solving, playing Chess, making SBC/Microprocessor projects for fun, doing Math for fun, and so on...

Photoshop just couldn’t compete with the existing blasts in my life, and I felt a little bad for not learning it. But that teeny, tiny bad feeling has been wiped away by nano-banana.
by tialaramex | 2025-08-27 17:31:35+00:00
Ultimately the answer is just "Yes". You know how an array of six integers is a different type from an array of three integers even though they're both arrays of integers ? If you're unclear on that it's worth a moment to go refresh, if your only experience is in C it's a deep dive - no trouble it's valuable knowledge.

In Rust lifetimes for references are part of the type, so &'a str and &'b str could be different types, even though they're both string slice references.

Beyond that, Rust tracks two important "thread safety" properties called Sync and Send, and so if your Thing ends up needing to be Send (because another thread gets given this type) but it's not Send, that's a type error just as surely as if it lacked some other needed property needed for whatever you do with the Thing, like it's not totally ordered (Ord) or it can't be turned into an iterator (IntoIterator)
by avarun | 2025-08-27 17:31:38+00:00
Seems like a cool concept! I downloaded and entered an email address but haven't received a verification code yet after 10 minutes. It's an Apple Private Relay email if that matters.

Also, side note: magic link or email-based OTP login is by far my least favorite method of login, especially for a phone app. It's cumbersome, annoying, and completely unnecessary now that passkeys exist. Barring that I'd still rather use email/pw login any day of the week.
by wpm | 2025-08-27 17:32:14+00:00
Storage can at least be expanded externally, if at a cost of speed, reliability, and convenience.

For the RAM, 8GB is not enough, but in fairness, when the system can page out at 200GB/s, paging out doesn't hurt nearly as bad. Its only when things have to thrash the page file that it becomes readily apparent on these (say, an application needs to have more than a few GB of stuff resident in memory all the time).
by npteljes | 2025-08-27 17:32:17+00:00
I think those were thought through, even maybe the specific concerns that your bring up - and then a conscious decision was made to not give a fuck about those concerns.

I don't think it's stupidity, or shortsightedness, or ignorance, or anything like that. They just have different priorities. And they are not having enough negative feedback to reconsider these decisions.
by devinprater | 2025-08-27 17:32:25+00:00
I play video games through emulation and using vision LLM's and OCR to tell me what's going on in a particular moment. Only Google employees get to use Astra right now. But I can't play anything passed PS1 and PSP with the most accessible mobile OS, iOS, because Apple needs Safari to win so no JIT for other apps. But at least on Android I can play PS2 and get TalkBack to describe the screen.

https://photos.app.goo.gl/QPJmj2HmRTy7Zv3L8
Multi-Agent AI for Indian Lawyers. Is this solving a real pain point?
by anandk543 | 2025-08-27 17:32:30+00:00
Hey HN,

I'm a software developer in India exploring a legal tech startup idea called LawSetu. The Indian legal system is overwhelmed—50M+ pending cases, a 3M lawyer shortage, and skyrocketing AI adoption (79% of pros now use it, up from 19% last year). Law firms and solo practitioners waste hours on research, case management, and drafting, often juggling fragmented tools.

LawSetu is an AI platform inspired by the Chatlaw paper (arXiv:2306.16092), using a multi-agent system to help lawyers manage cases. Key features:

Persistent Case Chats: Each case is a dedicated "chat file" with its own memory—short-term convo history + long-term facts/docs stored in PostgreSQL/Qdrant.

Agent Workflow: Central orchestrator coordinates agents like LegalAssistant (builds knowledge graphs), LegalResearcher (RAG-based vector DB searches), SeniorLawyer (reasoning/analysis), and LegalEditor (drafts reports).

Tech Stack: Python/FastAPI backend, Qdrant for vector search, focused on Indian law (e.g., IPC, CrPC, case precedents).

MVP Focus: Starting with intake + intelligent search to prove value for mid-size firms.

Target users: Lawyers in India handling corporate, litigation, or compliance work. Pricing could be subscription-based (~₹500-2000/month per user), with freemium for solos.

YC has backed awesome legal tech like Ironclad and Casetext—curious if this fits the mold. Is this something you'd use (or recommend to lawyer friends)? What's missing? Any pitfalls in legal AI for emerging markets? Early feedback on market fit or tech would be gold—I've got a rough MVP sketch and am validating before full build.
by luma | 2025-08-27 17:32:54+00:00
Another absurd take - there was 1 sortie of B2s which was America's show of force. There were two weeks of daily Israeli F35 sorties, starting with SEAD and then progressing to strategic bombing targets. They all completed their missions with no loss of aircraft.

Tell me, when has an F35 failed to perform in combat duties? You're running off of internet memes from a decade ago while the F35 was still in development (and having a bad time of it). They are selling like crazy, and it's not because their customers are misinformed about the capabilities.
by holoway | 2025-08-27 17:32:54+00:00
Nope - I mean we make a 1:1 model of the real resource, and then let you propose changes to that data model. Rather than thinking of it like code in a file, think of it like having a live database that does bi-directional sync. The speedup in validating the change happens because we can run it on the data model, rather than on 'real' infrastructure.

Then we track the changes you make to that hypothetical model, and when you like it, apply the specific actions needed to make the real infrastructure conform. All the policy checking, pipeline processing, state file management, etc. is all streamlined.
by mlyle | 2025-08-27 17:33:52+00:00
> and more consolidation into Wal-Mart scale corporations.

I think this has more to do with the effective abandonment of antitrust mechanisms.

> Raising the prices of those goods makes artisan products more cost competitive.

Look, I don't want an artisan UART board, and I don't think that my programs can ever afford "artisan UARTs." I'll just give up teaching this stuff to students instead.
by bko | 2025-08-27 17:33:54+00:00
> Competition is how you get to the best product. Lack of competition leads to malaise of product improvements as the market dominators are owning the space and happily exert their power over people.

I think the malaise is when you require every company to take the exact same approach.

Let two companies take different approach. One is walled garden and the other is bazaar. I wish we had more walled gardens personally. I'm tired of wading through hundreds of results in Amazon through shady third party sellers. At this point I go to Best Buy, knowing that they won't sell me absolute garbage. Curation is very useful.
by aaroninsf | 2025-08-27 17:33:57+00:00
_Likely_ is not up to bearing its load in this title; the actual paper makes no such hyperbolic claim.

Hobby horse:

Hyperbole and false confidence in popular reporting is a blight on any SETI. Coverage of Beatrice Villarroel's paper (and the boosterism of her own collaborators) is an egregious example at the moment.

Avi Loeb has his detractors, but he at least is constant and clear in his intentions, what the data does and does not suggest, and why.
by skydhash | 2025-08-27 17:34:02+00:00
You do not depends on a package, you depends on its API. Implementation details shouldn't matter if behavior stays the same. Why do you care if the distro reimplemented ffmpeg or libcurl, or use an alternative version built with musl? Either the library is there or it's not. Or the minimum version you want is there or it's not. You've already provided the code and the requirement list, it's up to the distro maintainer or the user to meet them. If the latter patch the code, why do you care that much?

And if a library have a feature flags, check them before using the part that is gated.
by CharlesW | 2025-08-27 17:34:20+00:00
This is an unusual (and risky) choice for most people, since BitTorrent is designed for swarm distribution, and ISPs generally don't look kindly on subscribers seeding torrents on their networks. I think it's safe to say that 99.99% of people use options like DLNA/UPnP, Plex, Jellyfin, or simple SMB/NFS shares for personal media sharing.
by harshitaneja | 2025-08-27 17:34:39+00:00
My memory of the recent history of the web isn't as cynical. I am not denying the perverse incentives involved but at least for Facebook & Instagram(maybe) we had the Graph API which was accessible and provided a decent amount of functionality and access but was curtailed post public backlash from misuse like with Cambridge Analytica. Similar for twitter where it provided decent APIs which wouldn't exhaust easily for end consumers and even the year(or two) before the Musk purchase they even provided academia with API access equivalent to their enterprise offerings for free. But there too bots and all were at least used as the public justification for curtailing many features.

Now none of this is meant to excuse the behaviour of all these large platforms for all the terrible practices they engage in. But at the same time, we never figured out how to safely deal with the power exposed by these APIs.