MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Myrmornis | 2025-08-14 09:18:05+00:00
Agreed. I'm the author of a fairly popular dev environment project. Every so often you get people turning up enraged because I chose a name that some other project once used. In the situation I'm talking about it makes even less sense than pip -- it's a command-line executable. There's no one repository (although doesn't seem like Debian people would agree with that!). There's a multitude of package managers on different platforms. Furthermore, in case people hadn't noticed, there are these things called languages, countries, and cultures. There is no reason in general why there might not be package managers whose use is culturally or geographically non-uniform and perhaps entirely unfamiliar to those in other countries. So, what's the plan for checking whether a name is "taken" across human culture, history, and computing platforms? Silly out-dated notion.
by bluenose69 | 2025-08-14 09:18:55+00:00
The author is a good writer, able to expand upon (and illustrate) ideas articulately and convincingly. However, quite a lot of this doesn't quite apply to actual practice in education, particularly in science.

High-school and undergraduate science classes tend to pair lectures with labs. Practical work is very much the focus of those labs, and the lab instructors work closely with students who need help. And a postgraduate degree typically involves a student working side-by-side with a professor on practical work.

As for the pyramid model, I think the author makes some good points, especially for the grade-school level. However, it's simply a fact that being comfortable with adding comes in handy before moving on to multiplying.

Good teachers find ways to motivate students, and adjust those ways as the years flow by. They know how to do their job, and I trust them to find the best practices.

One thing I've heard from many teachers, especially those who are notably effective, is that teaching theorists are not of much help. And I see that in the silly trends that higher-ups impose on teachers. That way of teaching multiplication that has worked for generations? No good -- we must scrap it. The practice of teaching students to write cursive? So quaint - time to toss that in the trash bin. Years later, I see the results of these trends, when students come to university.

The problem of teaching theorists coming up with silly ideas is a result, I fear, of the system of educating educators. How do you get a PhD in a subject? You have to come up with a new idea. Nobody got an advanced graduate degree in education by writing a thesis that said "teaching is fine as it is." No, that PhD student has to say "this is broken, and here's how to fix it." But some things just aren't quite broken, not really. Sure, some adjustments might be helpful. More one-on-one tutoring would be great. Although then, the non-theorist immediately sees a problem: we don't have enough teachers, as it is.
by justcallmejm | 2025-08-14 09:19:24+00:00
Missing from this paper: Aloe, a self-evolving agent that creates its own tools in real time as it encounters new problems. It can then use these tools to create still-better tools.

It just beat OpenAI by 20 points on GAIA – interestingly by the widest margin (30 points) on the hardest questions.
by bspammer | 2025-08-14 09:19:39+00:00
I must say this is something that showcases NixOS very well.

This is all it takes to start a nginx server. Add this block and everything starts up perfectly first time, using proper systemd sandboxing, with a certificate provisioned, and with a systemd timer for autorenewing the cert. Delete the block, and it's like the server never existed, all of that gets torn down cleanly.

services.nginx = { enable = true; virtualHosts = { "mydomain.com" = { enableACME = true; locations."/" = { extraConfig = ''; # Config goes here }; }; }; }

I recently wanted to create a shortcut domain for our wedding website, redirecting to the SaaS wedding provider. The above made that a literal 1 minute job.
by grishka | 2025-08-14 09:20:59+00:00
> The majority of people will then have both installed but spend more time on "platform B" as it is actively engaging them.

And why would that be a problem? Most people also spend more time sleeping than using social media, so what? Let them be. Give them a tool that they would decide how to use best to suit their lifestyle.

> Platform A will again end up in competition for user-attention with Platform B, as it needs money to operate their business etc.

It would not, because it would not be run by a commercial organization. At this point I'm convinced that it's impossible for a sane social media platform to exist unless it's decentralized and/or run by a nonprofit. As soon as one touches venture capital, enshittification becomes only a matter of time.
by aragilar | 2025-08-14 09:21:18+00:00
NPM has always been commercial (rather than managed by a foundation), and it was nominally acquired by GitHub rather than Microsoft, so at some level as long as GitHub is not causing issues (noting the recent GitHub changes should maybe also imply some consideration of problems for NPM), NPM is "safe".

Astral on the other hand has basically been rewrites in Rust of existing community-based open source tools, for which there is always the question of how such work is funded. PYX (which is an interesting choice of name given the conflicts with pyrex/cython filenames) from what we can see here appears to be in a similar vein, competing with PyPI and making changes which seemingly require their client (uv) be used.

Anaconda/ContinuumIO was also treated with similar suspicion to Astral, so I don't think it's Astral in particular, it's more they both are operating in the part of the ecosystem where it is comparatively easy to lock out community-based open source tools (which the Python ecosystem appears to have been better at setting up and maintaining than the JS ecosystem).
by redat00 | 2025-08-14 09:21:43+00:00
(French citizen speaking)

I think that y'all are a bit unfair in the way you're talking about H-1Bs.

I know that in the US recruitment in tech is at a all time low, and that you would most likely want the few jobs that actually exist to go towards US Citizens. I get this feeling.

However, thinking that you're jobless because of H-1B is kind of ridiculous. You're straight up lying to yourselves at this point.

I get that some companies might abuse the system, especially tech consulting firms that are looking for people that will work for way cheaper, since they would do absolutely everything to evade their third world country.

But please, at a time where companies are insulting everyone of us by saying that they can simply replace us with clankers, don't use H-1Bs as a punching ball. The people in charge, who are just seeking higher margins, are the one that makes it hard for you guys to find a job, and making you leave hell with layoffs.

Be better.
by adrian_b | 2025-08-14 09:21:47+00:00
That classification has more steps.

Some things must be encrypted well enough so that even if NSA records them now, even 10 years or 20 years later they will not be able to decipher them.

Other things must be encrypted only well enough so that nobody will be able to decipher them close to real time. If the adversaries decipher them by brute force after a week, the data will become useless by that time.

Lightweight cryptography is for this latter use case.
by disgruntledphd2 | 2025-08-14 09:22:18+00:00
> Doesn't matter, the same articles and papers will bring up that US enjoys higher productivity due to better technologies, etc, but since all of that makes it very hard to be really measured, it's always a mixture of some heterogeneous ideas together.

It's actually worse than that, because in lots of EU/western countries health is provided by states which gets booked against GDP at cost. In the US, because it's more private it gets booked higher because of the margins. It's actually responsible for a bunch of the US's "productivity" growth since the financial crisis.
by KaiserPro | 2025-08-14 09:22:35+00:00
The US does not have a working legislature. It hasn't for possibly ~15 years.

But, if you think how closely network TV was regulated, by a government regulator, despite the power that those networks wielded (and against the incumbent radio and newspapers) We know it has happened.

The issue is that government in the USA has been dysfunctional for >30 years, not that regulation is ineffective.
by thicktarget | 2025-08-14 09:23:21+00:00
It's just nowhere near feasible. Each element would need power, orientation, precise positioning and a data link to the processing stations. For SKA low the raw data rate from all antennas is something like 2 Pb/s. Which is more than all of Starlink combined. Which is massively stepped down to 7 Tb/s by the central processor, a supercomputer with purpose built signal processing hardware. Then the next stage takes it to 100 Gb/s. You would likely have to transmit the data via radio links, which would defeat the purpose of going to space. When a radio telescope is built in space it will likely be on the Moon (or in orbit), designed for lower frequencies and much less ambitious than SKA low.
by lrvick | 2025-08-14 09:24:07+00:00
Grew up in Texas, and while southern kindness and acceptance can certainly be found, it is often surface level. I was raised to refer to black people as the N word, and that athiests, muslims, and LGBT people are dangerous, and that we should carry guns just in case they try to hurt us.

I was also taught in my state-approved Saxon science books that the earth is 6000 years old, and bad weather is because God is mad at sinners. The worst of which of course being the gays which go directly to hell no matter how kind they are.

Also was raised very sexist, that women paying for things or working is a result of the men in their lives failing them, and that they are property to be earned like capturing a wild horse.

Texas outside of the cities is a deeply backwards uneducated place full of people living in constant fear of attack by sinners.

Incidentally Texas is also home to NASA and Moody Gardens, and my many visits to those gave me an interest in science and technology that allowed me to confirm everything I was taught was propaganda and nonsense and ultimately go my own way in life.
by nojs | 2025-08-14 09:25:05+00:00
> I would really appreciate if someone has documented this extensively for docker compose

Run `certbot certonly` on the host once to get the initial certs, and choose the option to run a temporary server rather than using nginx. Then in `compose.yml` have a mapping from the host's certificates to the nginx container. That way, you don't have to touch your nginx config when setting up a new server.

You can then use a certbot container to do the renewals.

E.g.

nginx: volumes: - /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt certbot: volumes: - /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt entrypoint: "/bin/sh -c 'trap exit TERM; while :; do certbot renew; sleep 12h & wait $${!}; done;'"

In your nginx.conf you have

ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/$DOMAIN/fullchain.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/$DOMAIN/privkey.pem;

And also

location /.well-known/ { alias /usr/share/nginx/html/.well-known/; }

For the renewals.
by aaplok | 2025-08-14 09:25:26+00:00
Mastery Learning, which Bloom advocates for in the two sigma problem paper, is an alternative to 1 on 1, not a way to achieve it.

What you describe seems to be a very poor implementation of mastery learning. But if the tutor is completely disengaged even 1 on 1 tutoring is unlikely to have good effects.
by Tor3 | 2025-08-14 09:26:11+00:00
As I wrote elsewhere: You're seeing this from inside the USA. USA is not the world. What's translated as "Legal tender" when wanting to write in English is just the closest term. That doesn't mean that your local definition of legal tender then applies. Cash, to be specific, must be accepted as payment (with certain limited) exceptions, in my country. And still some places will refuse it. They even accept paying fines now and then because of it.
by ViewTrick1002 | 2025-08-14 09:26:20+00:00
And quite evidently the design and community for both C and C++ leads to design with massive amounts of very high severity bugs.

Of course ignoring how Rust also helps against logic bugs by managing null values and having an expressive type system.

You seem to be the one completely focused on the binary question since that is the only thing that allows C , C++ etc. to still be part of the conversation.
by johnnyanmac | 2025-08-14 09:26:25+00:00
Yeah. Sadly our phones for any unidentified number fell to spam. These days, if the message is important then they can leave a voicemail... And 90% of this voicemail reveal spam as well.

>unless they involve Donald Trump

A sense of shame perhaps. If you ask someone "how often do you brush your teeth" and compare it to more pragmatic testing, you see people have some sense of wanting to give the "right" answer. Even in a zero risk anonymous survey.
by exDM69 | 2025-08-14 09:28:25+00:00
It's not always necessary to check for inf/NaN explicitly using isinf/isnan. Both inf and NaN are floating point values with well defined semantics.

I'll give two examples from a recent project where I very intentionally divided by zero. First one was about solving a zero in a derivative and check if it falls on 0..1 range. This exploits the fact that (x < NaN) is always false and comparisons with +/- inf behave as expected.

float t = a / b; // might divide by zero. NaN if a and b == 0.0, +/- inf if b == 0.0 if (t > 0.0 && t < 1.0) { // we don't get here if t is +/- inf or nan split_at(t); // do the thing }

The second one was similar, but clamping to 0..1 range using branchless simd min/max.

f32x8 x = a / b; // might divide by zero return simd_min(simd_max(0.0, x), 1.0); // returns 0 for -inf or nan, 1 for +inf

In both of these cases, explicitly checking for division by zero or isinf/isnan would've been (worse than) useless because just using the inf/NaN values gave the correct answer for what comes next.
by demarq | 2025-08-14 09:28:32+00:00
Racism/ Sinophobia makes people think that there’s a Chinese surveillance and a western surveillance when in fact there is just surveillance.

The media was the main culprit. When an article comes out they would use words that make one surveillance sound dystopian and the other sound vigilant.

The end result is that surveillance in the west has been scoring small wins under the radar and what’s happening in the UK is the “breaking stealth” of a surveillance state.

Had people just seen surveillance as surveillance none of this would have happened.
by nly | 2025-08-14 09:28:47+00:00
No, typically what happened is during the low interest rate era of 2007-2020 companies pumped money in to their pensions schemes to try to meet their future employee liabilities (most of which are still way out in the future)

Now that rates have risen across the yield curve the cost of locking in coverage for those liabilities (typically with long duration government bonds) has reduced, leading to a surplus in the pot.

Selling the scheme to the insurance industry while it's in surplus lets them claw some money back and get it off their books forever

They seem late to the party though as rates are coming down. 2023-4 would have been when the iron was hot.
by ahartmetz | 2025-08-14 09:28:48+00:00
I think I'd prefer overview, exercise, details. You need some kind of mental framework. I guess you don't just dive right in, otherwise you wouldn't be getting good feedback ;)

What I really hate is explaining the solution before explaining the problem. It's a terrible way to teach and it's quite common. I like to say that there are two bad ways to teach: The cookbook (do this, then do that) and the maths textbook (solutions without problems or context). The good way is a combination of them with some additional things that neither of them has, like motivating examples, relevant anecdotes etc.
by seydor | 2025-08-14 09:29:14+00:00
What do they mean "fixed"? Wasn't social media , from day one, about gossip , self-promotion and gaslighting? they excel at that so one would say they serve their purpose.

It's very misguided to pretend that social media mobs would replace "the press". There is a reason the press exists in the first place, to inform critically , instead of listening to hearsay.
by leobg | 2025-08-14 09:29:15+00:00
This was a great write-up!

Didn't you run into Cloudflare blocks? Many sites are using things like browser fingerprinting. I'd imagine this would be an issue with news sites particularly, as many of them will show the full content only to Google Bot, but not anyone else. Which I have long thought of as an underappreciated moat that Google has in the search market. I was surprised that this topic wasn't mentioned at all in your article. Was it not an issue, or did you just prefer to leave it out?

And you also mentioned nothing about URL de-duplication. Things like "trailing slash or no trailing slash", "query params or no query params", "www or no www". Did you have your crawlers just follow all URLs as they encountered them, and handled duplication only on the content level (e.g. using trigrams)? It sound like that would be wasteful, as you might end up making requests to potentially 2x or more the number of URLs that you'd need to.

Thanks.
by probably_wrong | 2025-08-14 09:30:13+00:00
Here's some honest and brutal feedback:

First, this service is breaking enough European data privacy rules that you should seriously consider blocking European visitors altogether (who's your GDPR Data Protection Officer? How do I get in touch with them?). On that vein:

> We use enterprise-grade encryption for all data and follow strict privacy protocols. Your information is never sold or shared

No information on what those privacy protocols are, though. And unless you're self-hosting the entire stack, are you really sure you're not sharing my private information with, say, OpenAI?

At a more general level, speech recognition and LLM performance outside English ranges from "it's okay" to "bad". If you're offering a service in a language that you don't speak (and forgive me for doubting your ability to speak Korean, Vietnamese, Russian, Hindi, Telugu, Bengali, and several more), be prepared for things to go wrong in ways you cannot understand. And speaking of which, how big is your "support team"? You wouldn't write "team" to mean just a single person, right?

> During your conversation with the officer, Maya stays on the line taking detailed notes about next steps, required documents, deadlines, and contact information so nothing gets lost.

I hope you're checking that you're in a one-party consent state. I also hope you've accounted for the person saying "I do not consent to be recorded".

At an even more general level: the problem with this idea is that it's aimed at the "average" person, but everyone has different pain points and your app will probably break up in contact with them. I can imagine it works well for your family because you know them, but are you sure it will work with mine? And you're aiming it at a sector of the population that, by definition, is bad with technology. That's a tough sell.

Anything related to healthcare can be a minefield. I wouldn't walk in there unprepared.
by ljf | 2025-08-14 09:30:28+00:00
Nice idea and nicely put together - you might be getting hugged to death right now, but the search never completed for me (and on chrome/android the searching text was overplayed strangely with the names of the places you were searching).

Might be night to have an 'explore' option or something which shows you around a little more? Obviously though recent searches would be very very interesting, I assume many people would be put off by that!
by pjmlp | 2025-08-14 09:30:47+00:00
As someone that has left pure C++ applications in 2006, and has mostly written mixed language projects since 1999, usually the displacement is more religious than anything else.

In many use cases even if the performance is within the project delivery deadlines there will worthless discussions about performance benchmarks completly irrelevant to the task at hand.

And ironically many of the same folks are using Electron based apps for their workflows.
by 1718627440 | 2025-08-14 09:31:18+00:00
When I honestly think you are a murder, is that not insulting to you?

When I honestly think I'm entitled to the money in the bank, does that mean I won't be judged?

If there are people that are atheists, because they have never heard of anyone telling them about god, then no that is not a sin. I doubt that applies to most people. Most atheists are atheists by choice, not because they wouldn't have access to information about god.
by athrowaway3z | 2025-08-14 09:31:21+00:00
Having bought a trademark in the EU and the US for an open-source project as well (with the US being denied). It sucks, it's a waste of time and money, and my advice is to not bother.

None of the 'normal' eventualities are all that scary or bad.

If a trademark holder asks you to change your name, just change your name - your users don't care as much as you. If done well, you can milk a name change into getting more attention to your project.

If it's a name you've used longer than them and are really attached to, you could gamble and just keep using it - all a trademark does is let them recover costs IFF they can prove your claim of use it is false and harmful by being in the same category.

Lawsuits really aren't the fun kind of thing a 150m dollar company wants to get entangled in, especially held in unfamiliar foreign courts they might lose - unless maybe you go around attacking their trademark.
by rob74 | 2025-08-14 09:31:25+00:00
The difference is that (almost) everyone has a printer, and a printer is only any good if it reproduces the image it prints exactly - and where's the fun in that? With plotters, you can do all the cool things described in the article, plus they have the advantage of being much more exotic, kind of like the LCD monitor sitting on your desk vs. the vector display used for https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroids_(video_game)
by adrian_b | 2025-08-14 09:31:33+00:00
This says very little about the strength of the cipher.

The initial state of ChaCha20 also has only at most 320 unknown bits (512 bits - 128 constant bits - 64 bits of a nonce). Actually you normally also know the counter, so there are only 256 unknown bits.

Of course the actual strength of the cipher cannot exceed the size of the state, but the design strength must be much lower for this cipher. It competes with AES-128, which is designed for an 128-bit strength.

320 bits of state is more than enough for a cipher that must have an 128-bit strength, or even for a cipher designed for a 256-bit strength, like AES-256 or ChaCha20.
by graemep | 2025-08-14 09:32:12+00:00
> The usual explanation is it is more dangerous to live in America e.g. homicides are much spread than in Europe

Not enough to have a significant effect on life expectancy.

> This isn't a question of socialised vs privatised system as all health systems in Europe have a mix of both. (England is a big outlier here).

You mean the UK, not England, and there is a lot of private medicine here, and the NHS outsources a lot to the private sector (including almost all GP services).

It is different in terms of funding and organisation from other developed countries.
by the_gipsy | 2025-08-14 09:32:57+00:00
That's the joke: you either make a whole new DSL that is then not even really that typesafe, or you just embrace pushing bad values into your system.

Because there is no standard or convention, everybody brings their own "nullable" wrappers between JSON, SQL, and whatnot, that are all half-baked and incompatible.

Look at rust/serde to see what it could have been.