MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by karmakaze | 2025-08-23 21:50:15+00:00
This could have been much more expensive. They built it from off-the-shelf parts anyone could get (except for the cost) and listed them which I appreciate. Microcenter/Newegg could put together a bundle as a joke and they'd likely get a few orders.

Of course I don't personally have any use for this but it's good to have an idea what it takes to run the best openweight models in a secure/controlled environment. To get started a single 96GB GPU system is only $16,115. For perspective I spent about $10k (today dollars) for a Toshiba Portege 320CT laptop with as much memory and accessories as I could get in 1998.
by foresto | 2025-08-23 21:51:14+00:00
Or: Deterring some casual cheaters is not worth having my whole system pwned by employees of a game publisher and whomever else figures out how to exploit their code.

Obviously, our personal priorities differ. That's fine, but yours don't invalidate my earlier point.

By the way, it's never just one determined cheater. Once discovered, circumvention techniques get shared, just as with mod chips and exploit scripts. It's only a matter of time before anyone willing to do a little reading or buy a little hardware can use them. And they do. (Often on alt accounts, with no fear of getting banned.)

In other words, any relief from game cheaters is bound to be temporary, while harm from spyware or exploit is irreparable to anyone who values the privacy of their data.

This is why kernel-level anti-cheat systems are so widely criticized. They might make sense on dedicated gaming machines, where the risks are low, but the situation is very different on general-purpose computers.
by rconti | 2025-08-23 21:53:06+00:00
I haven't investigated it because I don't have kids, but I think whatever comprises a typical domestic lawn is a better play/recreation surface than any kind of plants that are native out west.

I think the alternative is artificial surfaces which of course have benefits and drawbacks.

I'm hoping to replace my lawn with low/no-water alternatives soon, but, hey, landscaping is expensive.
by pasquinelli | 2025-08-23 21:53:44+00:00
you just restated what you already said in response to the question, "do you know what you're talking about?"

i'm not judging either way, i'm not a climate scientist and i have no opinion on the importance of ocean acidification, i just find it obnoxious when someone's asked to defend their position and they just say it again, but _harder_.
by perching_aix | 2025-08-23 21:54:00+00:00
> I'm curious whether people who daily drive mac or linux encounter these sorts of system configuration gremlins

Friend of mine dailies Arch. He described a few days ago a situation where he stopped being able to take screenshots from one day to the other, eventually finding out the root cause thanks to this fix: https://github.com/flameshot-org/flameshot/pull/4127

Whenever Linux package management and shared dependencies are mentioned, people always seem to be quick to mention how it's good for security that you can upgrade dependencies without the consent and knowledge of the developer of each software you're using. To me, issues like this come to mind instead. Or how I heard multiple times acquainted developers complain that packagers modified their software downstream and broke it in some ways, only for users to come complain to them instead of to the distribution.

There's a recent(?) trend of circumventing distro repos and static linking things though, and I work with Go software pretty often, which I believe static links by default: they're a joy to deploy and use. Just nice, single, self-contained binaries. But it's really not the "one true Linux way" from what I can tell, so I'd imagine it's pretty against the grain, which should tell you a lot about the situation overall. I know I'm not itching to switch, and these are only a sliver of my gripes too.
by like_any_other | 2025-08-23 21:55:22+00:00
> Much of Europe concluded that, although free speech is important, views that threaten democracy itself are different and can be criminalized; see laws in various European states against Nazi propaganda.

It should be noted that being the one to define what "democracy itself" means comes with great advantages. It has little to do with what the people want (what one might naively think "democracy" means) - no no, that is "populism". "Protect democracy", rarely (if ever) means free elections, free speech, or the right to oppose government. What it means is more censorship.

> Europeans might retort that the American system, too, has failed to stop threats to freedom of expression.

As a European, it brings me no comfort that free speech is in peril even in the US.
by lm28469 | 2025-08-23 21:56:17+00:00
~1920 is the peak of the British Empire in term of territory, anyways, the details are meaningless, what matters is that things move fast and just because you're at the top of your game right now doesn't mean you'll be in the same position in 100 years

I could also take the example of world wars, in France ww1 was deemed "la der des ders", which meant "the very last war" or "the war to end all wars", well 20 years later we were at it again

Or simply look at China, you don't even have to go back 100 years in the past to see drastic changes.
by Spivak | 2025-08-23 21:57:02+00:00
I'm a bit biased because my home state is Ohio and they have it in their constitution that the state can't have a stake in any private company and can't even lend credit to any private company. And this amendment was written in blood, in the early 19th century the state nearly bankrupted itself investing in and taking stake in private companies.

* The state can't risk taxpayer money on ventures that might not pay off or lose them money. How the state "gets around this" is by issuing zero recourse loans. The advantage is that when economic development money is handed out there's not an asset on the balance sheet. It's treated like it was spent. The value the state gets from spending the money has to be independently worth it for taxpayer without considering financial returns.

* It eliminates a whole category of conflicts of interests where the government will get squeamish regulating or punishing bad behavior because it would hurt the taxpayers' investment.

* It also eliminates vectors for corruption as well as the negative effects of the government having direct influence over specific businesses. No backdoor regulations from the state's ownership stake that don't go through the legislature.

So I'm very heavily in the camp that government shouldn't ever be allowed to have stake in any private company. The line between government and private enterprise should be the wall this admin likes to talk about. I certainly didn't expect it would be republicans I would be trying to convince that state ownership of business is a bad thing.
by dehrmann | 2025-08-23 21:58:02+00:00
I used to work on FAANG-scale optimizations. Generally, the only code-level optimizations worth bothering with are ones with inefficient (think O(n^2) vs O(n) and caching) algorithms. Those get you because they work during testing, but fall over in prod. You should also optimize DB and RPC access patterns when appropriate. As things scale, there can be larger architectural changes that help. Finally, there are cute micro optimizations that everyone thinks will matter. They don't.
by Animats | 2025-08-23 21:58:15+00:00
Interesting. But not really the history of electronic tubes.

Geissler tubes are gas-discharge tubes. There's a whole family of those - neon lamps, gas-discharge rectifiers, thyatrons, ignitrons, krytrons, etc. Those were the first electronic devices with significant power-handling capacity. All have some gas inside that can be ionized. They usually don't have a heated filament, and don't work by thermionic emission. They're definitely the ancestors of fluorescent light bulbs. As power devices, they were used in specialty devices such as lamp dimmers (rarely, but I've seen one), motor controllers (rarely, but done during WWII), and, of all things, centrally controlled school clocks (IBM/Simplex). Niche.

Then there were vacuum tubes. Their genealogy starts with the Edison Effect (put an extra element in a vacuum light bulb, and there's some current flow), and go on to Fleming's diode and then De Forest's triode. At last, gain! These were all low-power devices, but they could amplify small signals. They made radio, TV, and computers go before semiconductors.

Gas-discharge tubes and vacuum tubes aren't that closely related. They work on different physical principles. During the tube era, they often came in the same tube packages, so people think they're similar.
by Terretta | 2025-08-23 21:58:27+00:00
> Maybe I’m missing something but can’t you unroll it very easily by 15...

Sure, 3 x 5 = 15. But, FTA:

But then, by coincidence, I watched an old Prime video and decided to put the question to him: how would you extend this to 7 = "Baz"?

He expanded the if-else chain: I asked him to find a way to do it without explosively increasing the number of necessary checks with each new term added. After some hints and more discussion...

Which is why I respectfully submit almost all examples of FizzBuzz including the article's first are "wrong" while the refactor is "right".

As for the optimizations, they don't focus on only 3 and 5, they include 7 throughout.
by omar-marosh | 2025-08-23 21:58:38+00:00
hilarious errata:

residing almost 13 million kilometres away have little, if any, access to voting.

I really doubt any Bangladeshi (or in fact any human resides 13 million kms away - unless of course, we decide to use a relative origin point 13 million kms away and claim this post was written from Asteroid Apophis :D
by mgraczyk | 2025-08-23 22:01:10+00:00
That's only the case if you include Canada and Australia, which were functionally independent at that point.

I'm not claiming nobody will invade France or Taiwan in the next 100 years, I'm claiming that the US is special. We haven't been invaded since 1812 and haven't really been attacked since 1941. It's reasonable to predict we won't be invaded or go to war with our neighbors for 100 years since it hasn't happened for 213 years
by dns_snek | 2025-08-23 22:01:30+00:00
It's not just "one missing section", and we're not just talking about some fringe language feature but the build system which is probably the most complex, important, and under documented part of the language.

The official answer to complaints about missing documentation has always been "ask in Discord". Pretending that this isn't the case is just disingenuous.

> But to answer your question, it exists in the comments of the auto-generated build.zig.zon file

The comments document the file format of build.zig.zon, they don't tell you anything about how to actually use a dependency in your build system.
by incomingpain | 2025-08-23 22:01:48+00:00
If you're not a EU citizen, that makes you not a spain citizen right? My understanding there's some weird edge cases here? But if you're not spanish. Then who are you to judge the democratic will of the spanish people? If you dont like it, move out of spain? Dont live and contribute to a society you so fundamentally disagree.

I would go further. I dont think Spain is going to collapse anymore. The previous administrations nearly ran it into the ground, and there's repairs ongoing. Back in 2019-2021, oh man Spain was looking like goners.
by lm28469 | 2025-08-23 22:02:27+00:00
> Unfortunately, the Trump administration is so hypocritical on free expression, so unpopular in Europe, and so undiplomatic that it and its supporters are poorly positioned to persuade Europeans to reverse course

Understatement of the year, I think Americans don't grasp how much of a clown show their government offers to the rest of the world these days.
by karim79 | 2025-08-23 22:02:53+00:00
My favourite thing about EXIF is its role in Hollywood and the news, e.g. "The geolocation from the metadata of this image verifies that this happened at this place and at this time", and other such nonsense nonsense. Always makes me chuckle.

My least favourite thing is colour profiles and how those can confuse grown adults and bring them to tears.
by kuschku | 2025-08-23 22:02:56+00:00
The userland software, sure. But all kernel modules and drivers need to obey my freedoms for me to be able to ever trust the system again.

I'd end up in court if I gave a random game developer root permissions on the same system that I use for client projects. But installing a kernel module is fine?

If the valorant module wanted, it could intercept anything from that point on. It could intercept me trying to uninstall it, and pretend it had been removed, while just hiding itself. It could intercept any debugging I'd be trying to do, and feed me false data.

That's why I don't use proprietary kernel modules, and never run proprietary code with root permissions.

And I shouldn't have to. Games don't need client side anticheat.

Why do even many single player games now ship with anti-cheat? Because they want to protect their lootboxes and microtransactions.

And even competitive games don't need client side anti-cheat. Most games are perfectly fine with a well-written server-side anticheat, and the ones that don't work fine if you host a private server with people you know.

No other part of IT would ever trust the client. Giving the client information they shouldn't have is an instant CVE, and so is relying on client-side validation.

But client-side anticheat is cheaper, and matchmaking increases engagement, so alternatives are dismissed.

I don't want to play with randoms. Even in mmorpgs I prefer finding a group via the zone chat, which also encourages finding a guild and making friendships, over playing with randoms. Especially if the matchmaking doesn't even take party roles into account.

So why should I break my clients' trust to give control of my system to someone I don't know to install software I don't want just so I can play a game with matchmaking just because the developer didn't want to pay for proper server-side anticheat?
by UncleOxidant | 2025-08-23 22:03:08+00:00
The free market is great if there are no discontinuities. However, being a greedy algorithm it's not great about planning ahead for things like geopolitical risk - such as some of the largest, most profitable companies putting the bulk of advanced CPU and GPU production in Taiwan. As such, if we're going to make adjustments so that we do try to plan ahead for potential disruption we need to incentivize companies that need fabs to produce their advanced devices to invest in some domestic production so that we're not over a barrel if China decides to invade Taiwan. I'd rather have Apple, Nvidia, AMD, Broadcom, etc. make some investment and take some ownership in Intel than for the US government to do it. This is essentially what Craig Barrett has been proposing as well.
by queenkjuul | 2025-08-23 22:03:15+00:00
5 miles covers everything from my house to downtown? That's not a small area lol. There's elementary schools within a few hundred feet of my house, high schools within a mile.

My point: cars are not always convenient, you just live in a place specifically designed to make them so, whereas i don't.

Edit to add: 5 mile radius is what like 75 sq mi? That's half the entire area of the city. A full one half of the entire city i can access quickly and easily without touching a car. And i can still take trains to the other half while anyone driving that far will be making a terrifying trip on the expressway.
by spauldo | 2025-08-23 22:03:27+00:00
Any US jurisdiction that bans right on red is going to see a lot of violations - mostly from people who are unaware of the law or people who know the law but accidentally do it out of habit. If DC wanted to stop people from turning right on red, signs would be the only effective solution.

At least with Arizona, it's the whole state so most drivers won't have the habit.

Of course, if DC just wants to take in a lot of easy $100 tickets, this is exactly the way to do it.
by godelski | 2025-08-23 22:04:03+00:00
You're asking a really good question but it's not a question with an easy answer.

There's a lot more to performance computing than FLOPs. FLOPs are you good high level easy to understand metric but it's a small part of the story when you're in the weeds.

To help make sense of this, look at CPU frequencies. I think most people on HN know that two CPU with the same frequency can have dramatically different outcomes on benchmarks, right? You might know how some of these come down to things like IPC (instructions per cycle) or the cache structures. There's even more but we know it's not so easy to measure, right?

On a GPU all that is true but there's only more complexity. Your GPU is more similar to a whole motherboard where your PCIe connection is a really really fast network connection. There's lots of faults to this analogy but this closer than just comparing TFLOPs.

Nvidia's moat has always been "CUDA". Quotes because even that is a messier term than most think (Cutlass, CuBLAS, cuDNN, CuTe, etc). The new cards are just capable of things the older ones aren't. Mix between hardware and software.

I know this isn't a great answer but there is none. You'll probably get some responses and many of them will have parts of the story but it's hard to paint a real good picture in a comment. There's no answer that is both good and short.
by plqbfbv | 2025-08-23 22:05:05+00:00
IIRC in Tesla's case (mostly) yes.

I think the only time they remove FSD from resales is when they repurchase the cars to resell themselves and then strip the used ones of FSD/upgrades. With private-to-private, private-to-dealership or dealership-to-private ownership transfers, FSD stays with the car.

In most countries they also have "FSD transfer", which means that if you trade-in your current Tesla when purchasing a new one, your FSD "license" is transferred to the new car.

As far as I recall, I think this article is still valid on this topic: https://www.findmyelectric.com/blog/does-full-self-driving-f...
by weinzierl | 2025-08-23 22:05:20+00:00
The elephant in the room is Han Unification but there are plenty of other issues. Here is one of my favourites from another thread just two days ago.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44971254

This is the rejected proposal.

https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2003/03215-n2593-umlaut-trema.pd...

If you read thread from above you will find more examples from other people.
by goscript | 2025-08-23 22:05:29+00:00
> it NEVER rains in eygypt...or to be exact any area can expect rain once in 400 years or something ludicrous,

The northern part of the country receives some rainfall in the winter. heavy winter rains occasionally cause flooding in Cairo, Ptolemaic Egypt was centered around Alexandria, which gets the most rain in the country - about 200 mm (7.87 in) annually. while that's still relatively low, it's not nearly as extreme as you make it seem.

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Egypt#Rainfall
by musicale | 2025-08-23 22:05:39+00:00
> Do you know how difficult it is to exercise your freedom to install software on an Android?

Download the APK, open it, and tap past the warnings?

https://www.androidauthority.com/how-to-install-apks-31494/

Isn't that about the same difficulty as installing an app from a .zip on Windows or a .dmg on macOS?
by janice1999 | 2025-08-23 22:05:59+00:00
Absolutely, at least they had to honesty to include what she said - incitement to mass murder immigrants and politicians - while there were rioters actively attacking hotels and mosques and after 2 MPs were murdered in office. The rest of the article is the same predictable hand-wringing over EU countries (whose actions are concerning), while white-washing what the US does. For example:

> ...the administration suspended her visa and put her in immigration detention.

In that case the student was grabbed off the street by masked men (which bystanders thought was a kidnapping) and disappeared to another state (against judge's orders), kept in dire conditions, with her friends/family/lawyer initially not knowing what happened is.
by em-bee | 2025-08-23 22:06:02+00:00
the specific answer that i linked to does work. i have verified that too.

application/xml is not the same as application/rss+xml. application/xml also loads javascript just fine. again, i tested that. so far i have not found a single mimetype that can load xslt, but could not load javascript. i am coming to believe that there isn't one. if xslt works, then javascript works too.

whether javascript itself is a suitable replacement for xslt is not the question. your argument was that it is not possible to replace the builtin xslt support with anything written in javascript, because xml files can't load javascript.

since i have now verified that an xml file that can load xslt in the browser can also load javascript, this is proven wrong. all we need now is a good xslt implementation written in javascript or maybe a good binding to a wasm one and then we are ready to remove the builtin xslt support in the browser.
by ivan_gammel | 2025-08-23 22:06:41+00:00
> Writing stuff in a file is not “memory”

Do you understand yourself what you just said? File is a way to organize data in memory of a computer by definition. When you write instructions to LLM, they persistently modify your prompts making LLM „remember“ certain stuff like coding conventions or explanations of your architectural choices.

> particularly if I have to do it

You have to communicate with LLM about the code. You either do it persistently (must remember) or contextually (should know only in context of a current session). So word „particularly“ is out of place here. You choose one way or another instead of bring able to just tell that some information is important or unimportant long-term. This communication would happen with humans too. LLMs have different interface for it, more explicit (giving the perception of more effort, when it is in fact the same; and let’s not forget that LLM is able to decide itself on whether to remember something or not).

> and in any case, it consumes context

So what? Generalization is an effective way to compress information. Because of it persistent instructions consume only a tiny fraction of context, but they reduce the need for LLM to go into full analysis of your code.

> but it’s still fundamentally different than how a person thinks.

Again, so what? Nobody can keep in short-term memory the entire code base. It should not be the expectation to have this ability neither it should not be considered a major disadvantage not to have it. Yes, we use our „context windows“ differently in a thinking process. What matters is what information we pack there and what we make of it.
by tobias3 | 2025-08-23 22:06:50+00:00
Also it makes sense to have a capability only once within an alliance. If the US has the command, space and air capabilities, why would anyone else need to have this. You can add to their capability by buying F-35s and hosting their air bases.

Now that we are not allies anymore we need to wastefully build up our own command, space and air capabilties resulting in duplicated effort.