MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Taaly | 2025-08-04 07:56:18+00:00
Hey community,

I’m Shadi, a displaced founder who once crossed the desert to escape war—and later built Taaly, a language learning platform where learners practice 1-on-1 conversations with native speakers, guided by real-time AI feedback.

Unlike Duolingo or typical language schools, Taaly focuses on speaking—the skill most learners struggle to develop. We discovered that people learn best through conversation, but random chat apps weren't cutting it. So we added real-time AI guidance to help both the learner and the coach improve together.

Here’s what makes Taaly different:

Live, one-on-one video practice—no group classes or bots

Support for multiple languages (Dutch, Arabic, English, Spanish, French, German… more coming)

Dual-role accounts – coach in your language, learn a new one

Karma Coins – earn by helping, spend by learning. Buy if you want, earn if you contribute

Smart matching – AI pairs you based on interests, level, and background

We’re bootstrapped and growing. Just added:

AI guidance in live sessions

Learner-to-coach Karma Coin system

Profile-driven smart matches

Would love your feedback on:

Retention strategies for marketplace-style apps

Scaling the Karma Coin system

Ideas for growing trust in a peer-to-peer learning environment

You can try it here: https://www.taaly.nl/ Or check the Play Store listing here: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.language.t... App store: https://apps.apple.com/nl/app/taaly/id6451190448?l=en-GB

Happy to answer questions, swap feedback, or connect with fellow builders. Let’s make language learning more human—and more fun.

– Shadi
by sigmoid10 | 2025-08-04 07:56:22+00:00
In my university, we were given a choice to use either Matlab or Python for exercises in many advanced courses. We even got Matlab licenses for our personal computers. But since the smallest Matlab installation still came in at several GB and my personal computer was always full with games, I chose the python stack which came in at maybe 100-200 MB for all relevant packages, while nearly everyone else chose Matlab. None of them have ever used Matlab again after University and I still use Python all the time.
by petesergeant | 2025-08-04 07:56:32+00:00
> LLM can be trained to produce "I don't know" when confidence in other answers is weak

I'm unaware of -- and would love to find some -- convincing studies showing that LLMs have any kind of internal confidence metric. The closest I've seen is reflective chain-of-thought after the fact, and then trying to use per-token selection scores, which is doomed to fail (see: https://vlmsarebiased.github.io/)
by oriettaxx | 2025-08-04 07:57:17+00:00
exactly: and the 'parliament' is about end of 1700 (French Revolution)

The 'Passport' just about 100 years (visas even less)

We are stuck on very old ideas that cannot fit on how we evolved: but these ideas carry institutions, and these ends up as all institutions in history: conserving themselves, to the extreme, even if totally useless.
by kragen | 2025-08-04 07:57:46+00:00
It's not because of NVIDIA but because of Moore. We have SGI-level five-dollar microcontroller boards now.

https://wiki.preterhuman.net/SGI_Maximum_IMPACT says:

> Maximum Impact graphics are the highest tier of SGI's IMPACT graphics offered both on the SGI Indigo2 and SGI Octane workstations. They include a 27MB frame buffer and have 2 raster engines (i.e. are "2RSS" boards).

...

> Two GE11 Geometry/Image Engines:

>> Power the graphics subsystem

>>> 960 MFLOPS for transforming triangles

>>> 960 MIOPS for processing pixels

>>> 600,000 gates each

>>> Note: The refreshed Octane 'E-series' Geometry engines were capable of 1344 MFLOPS

>> Two RE4 Raster Engines:

>>> Provide the pixel-fill capabilities

>>> 234 Mpixels/sec gouraud fill rate

I think the Raspberry Pi 4B has 8000 megaflops https://www.reddit.com/r/raspberry_pi/comments/fsc3fw/perfor... and I think that's just the CPU. That's roughly 5× the performance of the Indigo²'s Maximum Impact card. The Pi 3 CPU came in at 2700 megaflops: https://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/55862/what-i... and I think the GPU is something like four times that.

Of course, benchmarks can be misleading, but if anything I'd expect this number to understate the difference, since the SGI card was a fixed-function pipeline. You can do all kinds of crazy visual effects on the Pi's CPU that the Indigo² couldn't touch. And of course the Pi's texture memory and framebuffer is measured in gigabytes now, not megabytes.

Compare the specs on the ESP32-S3 IoT microcontroller: 480 megaflops (counting multiply-accumulates as two flops, as is stupid but traditional) https://www.reddit.com/r/esp32/comments/t46960/whats_the_esp.... It only comes with 320K of RAM, but if you want a 27MB framebuffer, it supports 32MiB external RAM (PSRAM): https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32s... but that's still less than half as fast as the Indigo²'s Maximum Impact card. They cost US$2.74 though https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/espressif-systems... so you might be able to afford more than one. They're commonly used for things like opening cat flaps in doors so your cat can go outside: https://hackaday.com/2025/06/12/2025-pet-hacks-contest-cat-a...

But this web page is about SGIs that long predate the Indigo² (which was circa 01994), such as the 4D/60 from 01987 built around an 8MHz MIPS R2000, and so are dramatically slower than the ESP32. The "G" card described could fill 5500 Gouraud-shaded polygons per second, while the "GTX" could hit 100,000, about 2,000 per frame.
by andai | 2025-08-04 07:57:48+00:00
I think Auto-GPT or a similar project did something like this in 2023.

Aider has an option where you can combine different models, so one does the thinking and one implements the changes.

https://aider.chat/docs/leaderboards/

e.g. o3 (high) + 4.1

There used to be more such combinations in this list but it seems they were removed. A while ago I think the best thing on the list was such a hybrid.
by upstaff | 2025-08-04 07:57:49+00:00
This article provides insights into a European data infrastructure project focused on creating a policy-aware, zero-trust system for federated AI. The initiative aims to revolutionize data infrastructure by replacing centralized data systems with a decentralized, privacy-preserving framework. It uses partial differential equations (PDEs) to enforce compliance (e.g., GDPR, EU AI Act) and manage data access for secure multi-party collaboration without raw data exchange.
by Deestan | 2025-08-04 07:58:45+00:00
> but not everyone runs on *nix systems

Meaning Windows? It also has file system permissons on an OS level that are well-tested and reliable.

> not all Node developers know or want to know much about the underlying operating system

Thing is, they are likely to not feel up for understanding this feature either, nor write their code to play well with it.

And if they at some point do want to take system permissions seriously, they'll find it infinitely easier to work with the OS.
by ta20240528 | 2025-08-04 07:59:44+00:00
Yip,

South Africa's case to the ICJ (a UN body) was largely based on presenting to the the judges what other UN bodies had already reported and concluded on Palestinian genocide. As in report after report…

It left the ICJ in a pickle: dismissing the case on a lack of evidence meant concluding that a lot of the UN was either incompetent or dishonest.

A smart legal strategy, regardless of one's political opinion on the matter.

Careers depend on not reading some reports :)
by Dylan16807 | 2025-08-04 07:59:53+00:00
I can't figure out how this would happen. Inside a city I'd expect even with excessive lights there'd still be plenty of cross traffic at red lights and you wouldn't start to think of them as useless and runnable. And inside or outside a city, I expect lights to be equipped with car detection so that main paths stay green whenever possible and when there's no cross traffic it's basically the same as not having a light.
by renatko | 2025-08-04 08:01:48+00:00
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by latexr | 2025-08-04 08:02:13+00:00
Those utilities are fairly easy to track in a way that digital services aren’t. Lights in my home consume energy at a consistent rate. Ditto for water coming out of the faucet; if I open it more, I can see it moving more water and costing more.

On the web, it’s not clear that one website is being massively more wasteful than another. From your perspective you’re engaging in the same behaviour (opening a website) but for reasons outside your control you may be spending more than intended.

I remember not having unlimited internet traffic at home and always having to worry. These days, I pay a flat monthly fee for internet access.
by andai | 2025-08-04 08:02:13+00:00
>People will always use the heaviest model

Actually when doing my first attempt at vibe coding a few months ago, I found that Gemini Flash was fine for my tasks, and way faster than the heavier models. So I found the smaller model a vastly superior user experience.

The speed really adds up when you're using the autonomous coding agents, since they tend to require many LLM calls for a few simple changes.
by phendrenad2 | 2025-08-04 08:02:13+00:00
Javascript is missing some feature that will take it to the next level, and I'm not sure what it is.

Maybe it needs a compile-time macro system so we have go full Java and have magical dependency injection annotations, Aspect-Oriented-Programming, and JavascriptBeans (you know you want it!).

Or maybe it needs to go the Ruby/Python/SmallTalk direction and add proper metaprogramming, so we can finally have Javascript on Rails, or maybe uh... Djsango?
by stephenr | 2025-08-04 08:03:10+00:00
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by trod1234 | 2025-08-04 08:03:10+00:00
It is not reasonable to accept this narrative when the jobs report which should be straight up objective has been revised down by several orders of magnitude for more than a couple instances after-the-fact, where even the people who have a decade of direct experience are unable to find work.

What you call unrealistic by definition is realistically necessary in all but the little luxury car part, and its assumed you don't have a fully paid off mortgage either. The fact that its not should scare everyone because what that means is the resources required to produce children aren't available anymore, and that is just another sequential pipeline failure whose results will become evident with time and hysteresis with no solution due to mathematical chaos (non-determinism).

The primary issue is communication is jammed. AI imposes costs on the job seeker as much as the employer that requires labor to the point where matches aren't happening and the Shannon limit has likely been reached resulting in similar system behavior we typically attribute to the label RNA Interference (in cellular networks), but in communication networks.

If you can't notice there is a problem, how can you ever take any action to fix a problem you can't see. This is really disingenuous of the reality.

Career Development is another pipeline, if the first rung is gone, how do you get reinforcements that are competent? You've got a narrow lag period of time before the only candidates left are burnouts and those aging out, and eventually lost knowledge with no one able to do the job.

Nothing into a pipeline, nothing out.
by DinoStarcic | 2025-08-04 08:03:21+00:00
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by Someone | 2025-08-04 08:03:53+00:00
Are they? AFAIK, the “etc” includes using hardware that produces the same results for a given input every time. Once you start to multi-thread/multi-process in combination with floating point math, that can be hard to accomplish.

For example, the result of summing a stream of floats depends on the order the floats arrive in, and that order can change depending on what’s in your CPU cache when you start a computation, on whether something else running on your system such as a timer interrupt evicts something from cache during a computation, etc.

If you’re running on your GPU, even if the behavior of your GPU is 100% predictable (I wouldn’t know of that’s true on modern hardware, but my guess is it isn’t) anything that also uses the GPU can change things.
by LeonSetero | 2025-08-04 08:04:22+00:00
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by jillesvangurp | 2025-08-04 08:05:49+00:00
I'm writing this with a background of having studied and done a PhD. in software architecture in the early 2000s.

Simply put, good software documentation matters but has the annoying habit of getting out of sync with your software the second you lift your fingers from the keyboard. So, moderate the amount of time you spend on writing especially up-front documentation, like design documents, because they'll have a short shelf life and an even smaller audience. Worst case it's just you. And that's actually fine.

Use them to structure your thoughts. Shoot some versions back and forth with your colleagues to build consensus. And then archive them.

Back when I was doing my PhD. it was peak UML hype. I was interviewing people with important sounding job titles (e.g. Lead Architect) and they'd be in a private office with a prominently displayed Rational Rose box on the shelves. They'd be spending lots of time making diagrams. This job does not really exist any more.

A few years later I decided to practice instead of preach and became a software developer. Now it's a few decades later and I don't do a lot of diagrams. But I do quick Markdown documents or inline documentation. The closer to the source code, the better. I'm actually pretty good about this stuff. And it's stupidly easy to generate this stuff as well these days. Which you should do. Because it really helps others and the future you (come back in four months and you'll find that your short term memory has blanked out everything you used to know about the code).

Why no diagrams? Very simple, they are either too simplistic/trivial or way too convoluted (won't fit on a single screen/slide/document page). Anything in between is quite pointless and tedious to produce. It won't communicate anything of real value that cannot be expressed in a few quick lines of text. Which is much easier to produce. The diagram is what you whip out if you need to put some lipstick on the pig that is your design for marketing purposes. "We have stuff! Look pretty diagram! next slide...".

The other reason is that as soon as you sit down to implement the design, you'll typically refine it on the fly by deviating from it. So, it rapidly goes out of date and updating it is just not a thing that ever happens.

Don't take my word for it. There are millions of projects on Github of just about all sizes. Including quite a few that implement UML editors and IDEs even. Try finding their design documents. You will come up very very short. The larger the project, the less likely it is to have up to date design documentation. You'll find plenty of other documentation and maybe even a wiki of some sorts. But design documentation is not something that is more than an afterthought in the overwhelmingly vast majority of open source and commercial projects (judging from the ones I've been on).
by robocat | 2025-08-04 08:05:57+00:00
Yeah, we have 3 Time Bank organisations in my city (I'm not sure how they manage their economy internally): https://www.cinch.org.nz/categories/421/441/entries In New Zealand you can't put your professional work into the time bank (unless everyone wants to declare it as taxable).

I was probably thinking more along the lines of: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_Freedom_Day
by lloeki | 2025-08-04 08:06:06+00:00
I wish they were actively taught how to stay on task instead of being shamed into it.

I mean they're being handed over / bring their own computer / have their phone at hand, and anyway they probably have all of that at home, and will have at work someday.

From that state of affair the best thing to do is to try and give then the tools to best manage and navigate the situation, not yell "stay on task" at them (which is AFAIK basically the only course of action) which is wholly unproductive.
by lm28469 | 2025-08-04 08:07:05+00:00
> Dunno, unless it's like, a bank or government service, no one is getting a copy of my ID or CC just so I can view their fkin website.

Same, companies underestimate how interested I am in using their websites. Last month I uninstalled instagram because it asked me to pay or get more ads, every other post was already either an ad or a promotional post, I left.

The vast majority of websites are already unusable or full of low value bot content, most search engines are useless, block behind paywalls, subscriptions, &c. Hopefully this will create a new ecosystem of tools for people who want to escape
by Dagger2 | 2025-08-04 08:07:08+00:00
It's an imaginary firewall. NAT won't stop unsolicited connections in to your network -- if anything, its entire purpose is to do the exact opposite of that.

If you actually want to block inbound connections when you're doing NAT, you need the stateful firewall anyway. At that point, pretty much the only thing NAT is doing for your security is making it harder to understand what's going on.
by account42 | 2025-08-04 08:09:04+00:00
> One tweak to the rules and all of a sudden not only do porn sites have to verify the age of their UK visitors but also anyone connecting from something other than a residential ISP.

That would be quite the overreach as those endpoints are no longer under the UK jurisdiction and there is no way for a website to tell if the user connecting through them is or is not in the UK.
by zahrc | 2025-08-04 08:10:10+00:00
No, it's nothing more than that, and that is the most frustrating. I agree with you on the other comment (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44777760#44778294) and a confidence metric or a simple "I do not know" could fix a lot of the hallucination.

In the end, <current AI model> is driven towards engagement and delivering an answer and that drives it towards generating false answers when it doesn't know or understand.

If it was more personality controlled, delivering more humble and less confident answers or even making it say that it doesn't know would be a lot easier.
by pembrook | 2025-08-04 08:10:41+00:00
Utilities are infra-as-a-service.

The point is that infrastructure is non-optional, you're not going to decide not to use it, and you rarely switch (in the case of utilities you often CAN'T switch). You set it and forget it.

AI in the context of an end-user product or tool is not that (unless you're running the AI product company, where it becomes infra for you).

It's a blender or a kitchenaid mixer. Let's say companies gave those away for free but only charged metered fees to use them. If you had to pay $4 to blend something or run your mixer (and weren't sure if the tool would get it right the first time or you'd have to re-do it 5 times) you'd use them much less. They are optional.

You'd treat the decision to bake like a financial one. Nobody asks their spouse if it's okay to take a shower.
by casenmgreen | 2025-08-04 08:11:42+00:00
2,500 years ago is about 500 BC.

This is quite recent.

It was about that time the Peloponnesian War occurred, which Thucydides and Xenophon documented.

OTOH, I think Siberian peoples then were not advanced. However, here we're talking tattoo and art, which you can imagine being developed more easily, rather than more concrete stuff, such as commerce raiding, building and maintaining hundred of triremes and training the oarsmen and generals to fight them in massed combat, and developing Athens into a city of 250,000 people.
by ath3nd | 2025-08-04 08:12:33+00:00
Well, if LLMs were the next coming of Christ, where is the impact of them on open source?

Everyone claims they are awesome and super powerful in their own toy projects or in their private source. Where is the actual impact of LLMs superior power on OSS?

I can tell you:

We are drowning in slop.

https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/05/open-source-project-...

I repeat again: a bunch of words strung randomly together is not thought.