MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by FirmwareBurner | 2025-08-08 19:44:03+00:00
>Thanks to Trump and Putin.

Nope, it's thanks to loosing competitiveness in some key sectors.

Trump and Putin are the convenient scapegoats but it's not Trump and Putin's fault the Xiaomi SU7 is faster and cheaper than a Porsche. It's not Trump and Putin's fault that Germany doesn't have a strong software/service industry. Germany's lack of innovation in new tech is finally catching up with them. Also Trump and Putin didn't force Germany to tie it's economy to Russian gas and invest in copper Internet instead of fiber, that was Schröder, a German. Trump was actually warning Germany about this being a risk and they laughed in his face. Who's laughing now?

Germany's economy is built on outdated businesses models around selling expensively manufactured niche products by expensive unionized workers protected by paperwork and bureaucracy that don't work in 2020s anymore when US owns the software industry and China, Korea and Taiwan the hardware industry who aren't bogged down by unions.

They've been outcompeted and now are looking for outsider to blame for their own short sighted mistakes where they chased a quick buck at all cost at the expense of the future.
by Aaargh20318 | 2025-08-08 19:44:27+00:00
> I wonder if not just checking the site every day (or minute ) would solve for this.

No, because a webpage makes no promise to not change. Even if you check every minute, can your system handle random 1 minute periods of unpredictable behavior? What if they remove data? What if the meaning of the data changes (e.g. instead of a maximum value for some field they now show the average value) how would your system deal with that? What if they are running an A/B test and 10% of your ‘API’ requests return a different page?

This is not a technical problem and the solution is not a technical one. You need to have some kind of relationship with the entity whose data you are consuming or be okay with the fact that everything can just stop working at any random moment in time.
by porridgeraisin | 2025-08-08 19:45:19+00:00
> file system to hold data

My bespoke clipboard manager also uses the filesystem as the primary data structure.

h/$serial_number/$mime_type/{data, index}

H for history. data has the actual paste data. index has metadata useful for search - window name, day name, I also include wifi network so I can find clipboard history in terms of place, if I remember it that way. It also includes a copy of the data file if it's a text paste. You can include anything really it's fairly flexible. You can write whatever executable you want to the *-posthook file and they are all executed with argv having the path to the history entry directory. You can then modify the index as you please.

I have a few frontends to actually use this clipboard history as well. One is a gtk3 frontend searchbar + list below. Another is a cli fzf based thing.

Since the data structure is just the filesystem it's really composable and amazing.

Various things like blacklisting windows, "pausing" clipboard history, etc are all just files as well.

If you create a pause file it will pause (there's an if test -f pause check). You can add a grep -E pattern to the blacklist file and it won't paste from those window names.

Unlimited history since I don't care about space. But it does support wrapping around after N items.

Sync with phones is one thing i have to figure out...syncing across my different computers is dead easy of course.
by Rooster61 | 2025-08-08 19:45:32+00:00
An utter shame that he never got a chance to actually touch down on the moon. IMO, he, and everyone involved with Apollo 13 after it left the ground, truly represent the peak of NASA personnel. Listening to the calm, cool manner in which Jim and everyone else conducted themselves with while their spacecraft was literally falling apart around them give me chills.

Godspeed sir
by alurm | 2025-08-08 19:45:57+00:00
Well, if you're generating JSON with Nix, you don't have to put everything inside of one file. It would be a better idea to split it up into multiple. You can also use builtins.readFile for reading config files which don't have to be generated in a complex manner. It's up to you to choose, I just kept everything inside of one file since it makes for a simpler example.

Edit: I have updated the documentation to mention this explicitly, thanks!
by Rooster61 | 2025-08-08 19:46:07+00:00
An utter shame that he never got a chance to actually touch down on the moon. IMO, he, and everyone involved with Apollo 13 after it left the ground, truly represent the peak of NASA personnel. Listening to the calm, cool manner in which Jim and everyone else conducted themselves with while their spacecraft was literally falling apart around them give me chills.

Godspeed sir
by inhumantsar | 2025-08-08 19:46:10+00:00
Based on the docs Neon has in GitHub, I have to disagree. The mechanisms are similar, esp how the Page Server keeps some pages cached locally, but they serve different goals. The Page Server cache and WAL consensus are both temporary storage.

In tiered storage databases individual tables or rows would move automatically and permanently between different mediums according to some criteria. eg: Latency sensitive data on nvme near the user, frequently accessed data stored on nvme and replicated globally, infrequently accessed data stored on spinning disks, etc.
by danaris | 2025-08-08 19:46:21+00:00
Personally, I would say you are both, to some extent, wrong.

I don't think it's true that there's no other goal than to cause harm, at least with the tariffs.

By the same token, though, while I think deglobalization is something that people around Trump would say they're shooting for, it's not really something Trump cares about in that sense.

No; I think Trump's primary goal with the tariffs is to flex his power and enjoy the feeling; he doesn't really care what the effect is on everyone else. With the ICE crackdowns, he definitely wants to hurt everyone nonwhite in America.
by marcusverus | 2025-08-08 19:46:51+00:00
> It takes about 6 months for me to get an appointment with my GP, and then it takes up to a month for their referral to a specialist to be approved, and only then can I make an appointment with my specialist, which is usually booking a few months out, making it about 9 months before I can see someone.

That is radically below par. The nice thing about the American system is that if your GP sucks (as yours clearly does), you can go out and get yourself a new GP! I'm able to get an appointment within a month for a checkup, a couple of days for pressing issues, and have gotten an in-network (non-specialist) referral for a same-day appointment the one time I needed urgent attention. The one time I got a specific referral whose office had a months-long waitlist, I found an in-network alternative, got an updated referral from my GP, and saw someone the following day. My wife regularly gets appointments with her GP or an in-network alternative within a day when she's sick and needs attention. It's worth noting that altering our system wouldn't improve your access to match mine, but would rather would diminish mine to match yours! Surely it's better for both of us if you just find a new GP?

> My father in law has a tumor, and was able to start radiation therapy almost 18 months after he first went into a doctor for his symptoms. The specialist scolded him for how long it took saying "there's permanent damage if you don't start treatment within 6 months, you should have come in much sooner" He nearly punched the guy.

What took so long?
by int_19h | 2025-08-08 19:47:38+00:00
I have a little ongoing project where I'm trying to use Claude Code to implement a compiler for the B programming language that is itself written in B. To the best of my knowledge, such a thing does not exist yet - or at least if it does, no amount of searching can find it, so it's unlikely that it is somewhere in the training set. For that matter, the overall amount of B code in existence is too small to be a meaningful training set for it.

And yet it can do it when presented with a language spec. It's not perfect, but it can solve that with tooling that it makes for itself. For example, it tends to generate B code that is mostly correct, but with occasional problem. So, I had it write a B parser in Python and then use that whenever it edits B code to validate the edits.
by canyon289 | 2025-08-08 19:47:42+00:00
I work at Google on these systems everyday (caveat this is my own words not my employers)). So I simultaneously can tell you that its smart people really thinking about every facet of the problem, and I can't tell you much more than that.

However I can share this written by my colleagues! You'll find great explanations about accelerator architectures and the considerations made to make things fast.

https://jax-ml.github.io/scaling-book/

In particular your questions are around inference which is the focus of this chapter https://jax-ml.github.io/scaling-book/inference/

Edit: Another great resource to look at is the unsloth guides. These folks are incredibly good at getting deep into various models and finding optimizations, and they're very good at writing it up. Here's the Gemma 3n guide, and you'll find others as well.

https://docs.unsloth.ai/basics/gemma-3n-how-to-run-and-fine-...
by leptons | 2025-08-08 19:47:54+00:00
The Keystone holders are nice but expensive, but they do not fit most protected 18650 cells, and I don't like the PCB mounting options.

I designed my own 3D printed 18650 holder for my project, including a positive battery tab cut-out to prevent reverse battery insertion. I get to decide how big the battery can be, and protected cells are 100% the way to go.

I've never had a problem with a short with the protected cells, and my circuit also cuts off power to the load using a mosfet, if a short ever occurs. It's been working great for years.
by smogcutter | 2025-08-08 19:48:06+00:00
Something I hadn’t thought about before with the V-K test: in the setting of the film animals are just about extinct. The only animal life we see are engineered like the replicants.

I had always thought of the test as about empathy for the animals, but hadn’t really clocked that in the world of the film the scenarios are all major transgressions.

The calfskin wallet isn’t just in poor taste, it’s rare & obscene.

Totally off topic, but thanks for the thought.
by jauntywundrkind | 2025-08-08 19:48:36+00:00
Finding the absolutely worst possible people (the one trying to say Hitler wasn't such a bad guy, it's Churchill's fault) & amplifying their voices is far too effective.

Mother Jones had a Darryl Cooper hit-piece that provides the missing context on where this manufactured debate is coming from. Focusing on Churchill here somewhat hides the truth: the core thread, the reason for this is to make a Nazi apologia. https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2025/07/martyr-made-dar...
by JohnBooty | 2025-08-08 19:48:51+00:00
Two things.

One, a lot of human jobs have been replaced by machines before. Refrigerators eliminated the jobs of all those guys who used to deliver ice for your icebox every day. And so on. Those were real human beings and I'm sure many of them had families. There was real pain but it was ultimately probably a huge net positive. On a much larger scale, the microcomputer revolution of ~1975-present certainly does not seem to have reduced the number of human jobs.

Two, I am not the biggest fan of capitalism, but this is an area where it works pretty well as a self-balancing system because companies still need to compete with each other. If competing companies A and B each eliminate a bunch of human jobs thanks to AI, they're still locked in an existential struggle. They need to outcompete and outperform each other. They will shift that money to other expenditures: on AI tech, humans doing other jobs, capital expenditures, whatever. Jobs will be created or sustained in other companies providing those goods and services.

It's not foolproof, and it can certainly devastate particular regions, because the money may now flow out of those regions instead of being spent on local salaries.

There is a lot of change, and a lot of very very real pain to come, but if it is anything at all like past technology revolutions the net gains will also be real.
by scarface_74 | 2025-08-08 19:49:17+00:00
I hate everything that Cook is doing to kiss up to Trump and he did something similar during the first administration by letting Trump brag about final assembly of low selling Mac Pros was happening in the US.

But this is the country that the US wants (said as a born and bred US citizen) these are the results of it. Every CEO is kissing Trumps ass because that’s the only way you get ahead in the US now.

The media, the other two branches, colleges, tech companies etc have all bent a knee and bribed the President in one way or the other.
by danaris | 2025-08-08 19:49:19+00:00
I can see one way in which it could be true that the labor supply is reduced, in specific sectors:

The ICE crackdowns are both directly removing large numbers of nonwhite people from the labor pool, and indirectly scaring much larger numbers of them away from it, lest they be the next ones sent to the camps.

Aside from that, though? No, I think talking about reduced labor supply is anti-labor propaganda at best.
by tracker1 | 2025-08-08 19:49:27+00:00
That sucks... for me, I tend to check email about twice a day... usually at the start of the day, and towards the end of the day. During the day, slack/teams is the way to go.

Aside: I REALLY hate the direction teams has taken more and more... like separating the various chat channels and activity notifications for calendar invites that are months away.
by TFYS | 2025-08-08 19:49:31+00:00
Isn't the point still valid if you consider just the return on capital? If the market cap of the S&P500 was about 18 trillion in 2015 and returns 10%, the income going to to the owners of that capital is 1.8 trillion. In 2025 the market cap is 53 trillion, and a 10% return is then 5.3 trillion. That's an increase of almost 300%.

Now if the average salary was 48,000 in 2015 and there were 150 million people employed in the us, that's 7.2 trillion. The 2025 average is about 66,000 with 160 million employed. That's about 10 trillion. Around 40% increase in income going to labor. Am I missing something?
by thewebguyd | 2025-08-08 19:49:34+00:00
> If for some reason someone smart (with an education and who did something other than default to praise Trump's ego in press conferences) were to decide we should go to the mattresses wildly with tariffs to fight globalization:

And even then, tarrifs right off the bat are the wrong approach. It takes time, a lot of time, to reorganize supply chains and spin up manufacturing. It also requires a ton of capital. It requires a slow roll, local incentives, subsidies, and long term planning.

It wouldn't be feasible to expect it to happen over the course of a single presidential term. If I'm a big company and I've got the cash reserves, I'm better off laying off a bunch of people and buckling down for the next 4 years rather than spending a bunch of capital to bring supply chain to the USA.
by SpaceManNabs | 2025-08-08 19:49:37+00:00
not affiliated with them and i might be a little out of date but here are my guesses

1. prompt caching

2. some RAG to save resources

3. of course lots model optimizations and CUDA optimizations

4. lots of throttling

5. offloading parts of the answer that are better served by other approaches (if asked to add numbers, do a system call to a calculator instead of using LLM)

6. a lot of sharding

One thing you should ask is: What does it mean to handle a request with chatgpt? It might not be what you think it is.

source: random workshops over the past year.
by woadwarrior01 | 2025-08-08 19:50:23+00:00
> LLMs: Ollama for local models (also private models for now)

Incidentally, I decided to try to Ollama macOS app yesterday, and the first thing it tries to do upon launch is try to connect to some google domain. Not very private.

https://imgur.com/a/7wVHnBA
Ask HN: Any tips for agentic coding or vibe coding based on a Figma Design?
by nadis | 2025-08-08 19:50:38+00:00
I have a detailed Figma design for a website I'd like to build in next.js or remix, and as an experiment wanted to try using agentic and vibe coding tools only to build the site. However, I'm hitting a ton of issues with translating the design to code. Right now I'm using Claude Code (in VSCode) with the Figma MCP and even tried a Figma extension to convert the design to JSON, but am still having a ton of issues. The site is improving, but it's no match for the designs.

Any tips or suggestions from folks who've tried similar approaches?
by airhangerf15 | 2025-08-08 19:50:51+00:00
An H100 is a $20k USD card and has 80GB of vRAM. Imagine a 2U rack server with $100k of these cards in it. Now imagine an entire rack of these things, plus all the other components (CPUs, RAM, passive cooling or water cooling) and you're talking $1 million per rack, not including the costs to run them or the engineers needed to maintain them. Even the "cheaper"

I don't think people realize the size of these compute units.

When the AI bubble pops is when you're likely to be able to realistically run good local models. I imagine some of these $100k servers going for $3k on eBay in 10 years, and a lot of electricians being asked to install new 240v connectors in makeshift server rooms or garages.
by motorest | 2025-08-08 19:51:40+00:00
> As the hardware continues to iterate at a rapid pace, anything you pick up second-hand will still deprecate at that pace, making any real investment in hardware unjustifiable.

Can you explain your rationale? It seems that the worst case scenario is that your setup might not be the most performant ever, but it will still work and run models just as it always did.

This sounds like a classical and very basic opex vs capex tradeoff analysis, and these are renowned for showing that on financial terms cloud providers are a preferable option only in a very specific corner case: short-term investment to jump-start infrastructure when you do not know your scaling needs. This is not the case for LLMs.

OP seems to have invested around $600. This is around 3 months worth of an equivalent EC2 instance. Knowing this, can you support your rationale with numbers?
by nomel | 2025-08-08 19:51:59+00:00
Libraries for this have always existed, triggering import on first access. The problem was, they would break linters. But that's not an issue anymore with typing.TYPE_CHECKING.

A PEP is very much welcome, but using lazy import libraries is a fairly common, very old, method of speeding things up. My pre PEP 690 code looks like this:

import typing from lazy import LazyImport member = LazyImport('my_module.subpackage', 'member') member1, member2, = LazyImport('my_module', 'member1', 'member2') if typing.TYPE_CHECKING: # normal import, for linter/IDE/navigation. from my_module.subpackage import member from my_module import member1, member2
by roadside_picnic | 2025-08-08 19:52:01+00:00
I'm sure there are countless tricks, but one that can implemented at home, and I know plays a major part in Cerebras' performance is: speculative decoding.

Speculative decoding uses a smaller draft model to generate tokens with much less compute and memory required. Then the main model will accept those tokens based on the probability it would have generated them. In practice this case easily result in a 3x speedup in inference.

Another trick for structured outputs that I know of is "fast forwarding" where you can skip tokens if you know they are going to be the only acceptable outputs. For example, you know that when generating JSON you need to start with `{ "<first key>": ` etc. This can also lead to a ~3x speedup in when responding in JSON.
by FrustratedMonky | 2025-08-08 19:52:37+00:00
Of course, not an LLM. I was just referring to AI technology in general. And that goal functions can be complicated and not-obvious even for a game world with known rules and outcomes.

I was miss-remembering the order of how things happened.

AlphaZero, another iteration after the famous matches, was trained without human data.

"AlphaGo's team published an article in the journal Nature on 19 October 2017, introducing AlphaGo Zero, a version without human data and stronger than any previous human-champion-defeating version.[52] By playing games against itself, AlphaGo Zero surpassed the strength of AlphaGo Lee in three days by winning 100 games to 0, reached the level of AlphaGo Master in 21 days, and exceeded all the old versions in 40 days.[53]"
by andsoitis | 2025-08-08 19:52:59+00:00
> Please don't conflate what the left has done (actual economic plans and policies that resulted in economic growth) with what the right has done (pointlessly destroyed relations with multiple countries because they didn't get their way in 2020).

Have I?

The idea of deglobalization has been a rallying cry of both the left and the right. If you don't believe me, review someone like Bernie Sanders' beliefs (e.g. https://slate.com/business/2016/06/bernie-sanders-take-on-gl...)

What I further said is that even if deglobalization is a great idea (it isn't) then the execution we're seeing now by the right is very poor. We do not know how the left would have executed because the deglobalists in the Democratic Party do not have sufficient power.

Some quotes[1] just for fun:

Bernie Sanders: “increasingly globalized economy, established and maintained by the world’s economic elite, is failing people everywhere.”

JD Vance: “the effects of globalization have hollowed out America’s industrial core.”

Trump: “Globalization has made the financial elites who donate to politicians very wealthy, but it’s left millions and millions of our workers with nothing but poverty and heartache—and our towns and cities with empty factories and plants.”

And if you think these 3 represent fringes on the left and the right, you will be wrong. During the Biden admin, US Trade Representative Katherine Tai assert that governments’ urge “to liberalize as much as possible” has led to a “race to the bottom.”

[1] https://www.cato.org/free-society/summer-2024/globalization-...
by piyh | 2025-08-08 19:53:13+00:00
You have thousands of dollars, they have tens of billions. $1,000 vs $10,000,000,000. They have 7 more zeros than you, which is one less zero than the scale difference in users: 1 user (you) vs 700,000,000 users (openai). They managed to squeak out at least one or two zeros worth of efficiency at scale vs what you're doing.

Also, you CAN run local models that are as good as GPT 4 was on launch on a macbook with 24 gigs of ram.

https://artificialanalysis.ai/?models=gpt-oss-20b%2Cgemma-3-...
by IshKebab | 2025-08-08 19:53:59+00:00
I'm not sure that's true. I think the US does have the power to stop it, but lets be real - Israel is quite a Western country and doesn't have a religious imperative to murder everyone in the West. We naturally want them to win, and even if its never said explicitly, winning ultimately means a Machiavellian win.

The trouble is they cross a line from collateral damage in the course of counter-terrorism (which is fairly easily justifiable), to deliberately starving an entire population (which is reprehensible even to people that support Israel).

It's a fairly recent development and I wouldn't be surprised if the US actually does something significant now. Trump loves to think of himself as a peacemaker. (On the other hand his peacemaking basically consists of empty threats.)
by danaris | 2025-08-08 19:54:05+00:00
Compulsory licensing with reasonable standard rates would be a better solution for creators than what's happening now, which is essentially just compulsory giving.

But that's unlikely to happen, because any kind of compulsory licensing scheme that could allow creators to actually survive would still be cripplingly expensive for AI companies, given the number of works they have devoured under the assumption that all the world is theirs to take...and they clearly have the ear of the current administration.