MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by sneak | 2025-08-28 16:29:04+00:00
There are tons of mini-itx N100 boards with onboard 2.5G or 10G ethernet and 6-8 sata ports for a few hundred bucks available (on Amazon for example). search “n100 mini itx nas”.

There are also some decent 6 and 8 bay mini-itx cases.

I went looking for completed systems recently and couldn’t find any integrators that make them. Surprised nobody will take a few hundred bucks to plug in all the motherboard power/reset pin headers for me.
by ddtaylor | 2025-08-28 16:29:10+00:00
I have actually made a Raspberry Pi based NAS and found it was a pain.

The SATA controller isn't terrible, but it and other hardware areas have had many strange behaviors over the years to the point of compiling the kernel being needed to fiddle with some settings to get a hardware device to do what it's supposed to.

Even if you're using power that is well supported eventually you seem to hit internal limits and get problems. That's when you see people underclocking the chip to move some of this phantom power budget to other chips. Likewise you have to power most everything from a separate source which pushes me even closer to a "regular PC" anyhow.

I just grab an old PC from Facebook for under $100. The current one is a leftover from the DDR3 + Nvidia 1060 gaming era. It's a quad core with HT so I get 8 threads. Granted most of those threads cause the system to go into 90% usage even when running jobs with only 2 threads, probably because the real hardware being used there is something like AVX and it can't be shared between all of the cores at the same time.

The SATA controller has been a bit flaky, but you can pick up 4-port SATA cards for about $10 each.

When my Raspberry Pi fails I need to start looking at configurations and hacks to get the firmware/software stack to work.

When my $100 random PC fails I look at the logs to find out what hardware component failed and replace it.
by stego-tech | 2025-08-28 16:29:24+00:00
Flag it all you want, the writer is correct in their assertions.

ZIRP was an acceptable solution to the problem faced at the time. Its detractors rightly pointed out all the harms that would come from it, especially if it was left in place longer than necessary - and they’re all essentially vindicated in hindsight. Still, it got us out of the immediate hole by kicking the various problems down the road a bit in the hope that regulators and Congress would fix the issues permanently in the long run.

Obviously that didn’t happen, because when you give rich people and their asset managers free debt and government bailouts with no strings attached, they understandably don’t share the wealth (they wouldn’t be rich if they shared, after all). So the best we can do now is simply refuse to return to an era that exacerbated rampant speculation and irresponsible investing into burrito taxis, because we know the harms it will cause.

I also appreciate the callout of the opposing sides that are the present stock and bond markets. Stock market boosters see no end to the good that comes from ZIRP because they don’t ever have to worry about the ten-year outcome when they hold a position for less than a decade; bond holders, on the other hand, absolutely have to worry about these outcomes, and we’re seeing their anxiety in sectors with outsized exposure to bond yields - like the insurance industry dropping customers and raising premiums to offset record property valuations in areas overly exposed to climate change and disaster risks.

Viewed through that lens, and it’s the equivalent of a Doctor warning the patient that if they don’t start exercising and eating healthier today, they’ll be dead in a decade - and the patient figuring that’s tomorrow’s problem, then fucking off to McDonald’s for a large combo meal and a sundae.
by kagakuninja | 2025-08-28 16:29:50+00:00
There are 2500+ years of prior art on "breath work", but group think here is to dismiss it as woo.

The abstract does clearly mention HVB as being similar to hyperventilation, so presumably it is similar to "bellows breathing" from yoga / pranayama. They also name-check Holotropic breath work, which I have not studied, but has been a hot topic for several years now.

As best as I can interpret, "cyclic breathing without pausing" means no pausing after full inhale or exhale.

By contrast, "box breathing" would have typically equal durations of in-breath and out-breath, with equal duration of pauses. This style of breathing would be done typically to calm the mind, with slow, long breaths.

Breath can also be asymmetrical (typically exhales longer than inhales, said to be calming). I find this style to be awkward, I guess the inhale has to be more forceful to move the same amount of air as will be exhaled.

To be sure, when a topic is posted that people have some interest and experience with, then we will tell you about our experiences. Sorry if that harshes your mellow...
by dotancohen | 2025-08-28 16:29:58+00:00
In most languages, the male gender form is used also as the unknown gender. Not the default gender, but the unknown or unspecified gender. The distinction being that when the male gender form is encountered, it could also be an unknown or unspecified gender.

For another nice bit of related trivia, in Arabic the female gender form is also the plural gender form.
by Kilenaitor | 2025-08-28 16:30:01+00:00
Sure. I guess caveat I haven't used Mosh in a while, so maybe things have changed.

Mosh paints the screen, meaning no native scrollback. You have to use a multiplexer like tmux to get it. But ET has native scrollback. This is the biggest one for me.

Couple years ago I was on a more limited network that constrained usage of UDP which Mosh uses. ET uses TCP.

Mosh buffers inputs locally first which gives it the appearance of low latency but that illusion breaks when there are network issues. I prefer ET, even tho it can appear slower, since network issues are more obvious and I can troubleshoot them. But on a good connection, they're indistinguishable to me.

Those are three. There may be more. Honestly they are probably still more or less interchangeable for most. No reason to switch if you love Mosh.
by onetimeusename | 2025-08-28 16:30:14+00:00
McCarthyism is generally when someone in power abuses their authority to accuse others without evidence, often for a personal vendetta. A wide-ranging investigation that goes beyond it's scope is carried out. An atmosphere of fear is created. People's reputations get damaged. People's Constitutional rights are violated. Although it can also just mean whenever someone accuses people of a conspiracy without evidence I will use the former definition.

Have any of those things happened here? Whose rights have been violated? Oh and people routinely get dragged in front of Congress by both parties for grandstanding purposes and nothing comes of it. Perhaps something to keep in mind when using scary words.
Show HN: Branchlet – Git Worktree TUI for Claude Code/Cursor/Codex etc.
by ragp | 2025-08-28 16:31:49+00:00
Hey everyone!

I spend a lot of time in git worktrees in Claude Code to do tasks in parallel. I made this to create and manage them easier w/o mental overhead.

Simple to create/list/delete worktrees, as well as a config for copying over .env/other files, running install commands and opening your IDE into the worktree.

Would love to get feedback. Feel free to open any issues or PRs! https://github.com/raghavpillai/branchlet
by craftkiller | 2025-08-28 16:32:03+00:00
This is going back around 8 years so my memories aren't perfect and the issues could have been fixed by now. IIRC my biggest gripes were:

1. There was no scroll-back so you could only see 1 terminal screen of output. If you scrolled back, the text would be wrong or truncated or something like that. We would work around this by launching a tmux session and using that for scroll-back, but tmux scroll-back over a remote connection is so much clunkier than scrolling back in your local terminal emulator. If I'm already launching a tmux session, then I don't need mosh's ability to recover from broken connections because I can re-attach to tmux.

2. I found the typing prediction to be more annoying than it is worth. It worked great in bash but interactive apps (like those based on ncurses), the app would often end up a distorted mess until the round-trip to the server got back the real/correct rendering from the server. If I'm waiting for a round-trip from the server then I'm not getting any benefit from mosh's predictive typing.

3. It was only a remote terminal replacement. If you're doing anything more over ssh (port forwards, x11 forwarding, etc) then you're going to run into all the normal ssh issues anyway.

4. You had to run a 3rd party script to kill old abandoned mosh sessions. This is a consequence of being able to re-attach after a broken connection: the mosh server has no idea if you're coming back or not, so it leaves your session there. At least with tmux I can list the active sessions, re-attach to them, see what they're doing, and destroy them at will. With mosh, you could only reconnect to an old session if you hadn't closed mosh on your laptop. If your laptop powered off (intentionally or not) then you could either play "guess which mosh pid to kill" or leave your mosh session running long enough for the mosh killer script to get it.

Also there was the issue of popularity/network effects. ssh is everywhere, mosh is not, and its hard to argue that mosh should be everywhere when I was getting only slight benefit from it. This isn't mosh's fault, any ssh competitor that isn't upstreamed into openssh is going to run into the same exact problem.

With my hypothetical ssh-over-QUIC I'm hoping for just plain-old ssh with all the normal features, just using QUIC instead of TCP. Ideally upstreaming into openssh. I know there are a bunch of projects out there attempting something like ssh-over-QUIC but I think it has to be upstreamed and a drop-in replacement to overcome the popularity moat regular ssh has built.
by dragonwriter | 2025-08-28 16:32:57+00:00
> When people used to say "disappearing people off the streets", they were trying to paint a picture out of Orwell's 1984, where the secret police not only drag someone off never to be seen again, but no one can or will acknowledge that they were ever born in the first place.

I don't know which people you are talking about who did that, but people I’ve seen doing it were more likely to be implicitly (or, fairly often, explicitly) referencing historical real-world authoritarianism like Pinochet’s Chile, not dystopian fiction like 1984, when they talked about governments disappearing people off the streets.

Though common to all three (authoritarian history, dystopian fiction, and the present American regime) is concealment of the fact of detention, the location of the detained, and sometimes the fact of the detained’s death
by 1718627440 | 2025-08-28 16:33:04+00:00
It can still depend on the type, the answer just doesn't need information from the instance.

What speed limits can this road possibly have is a question I want to ask about this specific road. Yet this can be answered by referring to the country, which is already known when you create the road. But the user that asks this question can still ask this about roads in different countries, so this question still is valid.

Different objects can have different methods. When the method to be used is known at the time of object creation it can be chosen by assigning the appropriate function pointer in the vtable. The method itself might not necessarily need a instance pointer though.
by cosmic_cheese | 2025-08-28 16:33:12+00:00
Yeah for these kinds of things to work the hardware has to be at least somewhat competitive and the overall device reasonably usable. It doesn’t need to be a flagship or anything, just relatively recent, and the experience doesn’t have to be perfect, just actually suitable as a daily driver. That’s what gets people interested, inspires devs to contribute and fill app gaps. This kicks off a virtuous cycle where less technical family of those devs see the device and want to try it, which in turn creates more demand for apps pulling more dev interest and so on and so forth.

It’s critical to be good enough to clear that initial hurdle, though. Without that, the device is relegated to the most curious of tinkerers which just isn’t sustainable.

As far as dev experience goes, from my limited dabbling I think GTK+Adwaita might actually be overall nicer for mobile development than Qt, due to furnishment of a full set of widgets without having to pull in anything else, as well as bindings to way more languages. It’s considerably more comparable to UIKit and Android Framework at the very least.
Show HN: Gemini Flash Image – A Cheaper Way to Use Google's Image Model
by lion__93332 | 2025-08-28 16:33:17+00:00
I built a small project that integrates Gemini Flash Image but makes it more affordable to use compared to the official API. It allows you to generate high-quality images with the same model, and also provides simple editing features for refining results. The goal is to make experimenting with Google’s image model cheaper and more accessible for people who create a lot of images.
by matesz | 2025-08-28 16:33:17+00:00
From May 2025 version: "We WILL NOT USE your Inputs or Outputs to train our models, unless: (1) your conversations are flagged for Trust & Safety review... or (2) you've explicitly reported the materials to us... or (3) you've OTHERWISE EXPLICITLY OPTED IN to the use of your Inputs and Outputs for training purposes."

From September 2025 version (effective on Sep 28): "We MAY USE your Inputs and Outputs to train our models and improve our Services, UNLESS YOU OPT OUT through your account settings. EVEN IF you opt-out, we will use Inputs and Outputs for model improvement when: (1) your conversations are flagged for safety review to improve our ability to detect harmful content, enforce our policies, or advance AI safety research, or (2) you've explicitly reported the materials to us (for example via our feedback mechanisms)."
by mitthrowaway2 | 2025-08-28 16:33:22+00:00
That's the usual way of things. Most of the time research progress is made at the boundary without anybody seeing the path. It happens more like slips in a fault line; little sudden steps forward in one area that nobody anticipated, and which create new strains elsewhere along the fault line, as those discoveries open up new attacks on old problems. Gradually the problem yields but not according to anybody's big plan.

In that sort of situation, the rate of progress is affected by two things: how many people are working at the frontier figuring out the problems that prevent the field from progressing, and how much economic pressure there is to exploit each new solution that gets identified. When the economic pressure is low, new breakthroughs mostly stay in the lab and circulate slowly. Researchers will come up with ideas that could solve the problem but don't have resources to test every one. But when the pressure is great, each new breakthrough quickly scales up, and more ideas get tested in parallel.

Sometimes a bunch of progress does happen on a schedule, as part of a master-planned research effort, like the Manhattan or Apollo projects, or semiconductor lithography R&D schedules. In those cases the main pathway is known at the outset but there a bunch of novel engineering sub-problems to solve along the way. Most research doesn't happen that way though. And even when it does, to anybody on the outside who doesn't themselves see the route laid out from a high altitude, it looks the same. And even in these cases, there may be a few big-picture questions that they aren't sure about until late into the project, resulting in multiple paths being tried at once to improve the chance of success.

I think there are several hard, fundamental problems currently being grappled with that stand between today's AI and AGI, and unlike Sam Altman I don't think scaling will be enough to overcome them. But I do think there are now tremendous forces being deployed to grapple with them, and tremendous pressures being built up behind that, so any slips along the fault line could yield rapid movement forward.

Is this hype to drive investment? Depends who you're listening to. If they're an executive at NVIDIA or OpenAI then sure, it probably is. But not all of it. One of the main advocates for the view that I share is Eliezer Yudkowsky, who has been talking about this since before AI was on any CEO's radar. His latest book is called "If Anyone Builds It, Everyone Dies". I'm not sure how he could phrase his concerns in any less-appealing way to an investor.
by mattkrause | 2025-08-28 16:34:05+00:00
The word seems to slightly predate WWII.

The OED reports that the disrupted-electrical supply sense of blackout was first used in 1934; the air-defence one (no light) in 1935. However, the OG use seems to be in the theatre, where the lights are shut off during set changes (1913, probably earlier).

Brownout does seem to be a WWII-era term, but more related to conservation/shortages than air defence.
by stego-tech | 2025-08-28 16:34:22+00:00
Because those holding the levers of power saw the BLM protests and rising unionization efforts during COVID, and demanded mandatory RTO and AI investment to preserve their gains.

I think most self-aware people know which way the pendulum is swinging, and the reason there’s “no fight” right now is because those of us who know what’s coming next are too busy protecting ourselves to organize protests again. We did Occupy Wall Street, we did XR, we did BLM and Gaza and anti-ICE, but those with their hands on the levers of power have made it abundantly clear that nothing will change until they’re dead, regardless of how many other people suffer and die before them.

And so, we’re making sure they die first by prioritizing our present survival and taking targeted opportunities when they present themselves, rather than trying to organize a mass movement that most of our peers refuse to give a shit about because they can still make rent as a burrito taxi with three roommates, for now.
by WaxProlix | 2025-08-28 16:34:41+00:00
China poured more concrete in 2023-2025 than the US has throughout its entire history. China creates and consumes an order of magnitude more energy, and in an increasingly sustainable and cost-effective manner. China has largely moved towards internal market sufficiency, with internal demand outstripping external imports.

I'd be interested in a rebuttal piece too, because I don't necessarily want reality to be what it is. But it is, and it is.
by insane_dreamer | 2025-08-28 16:34:56+00:00
> The 35% reduction refers to the number of managers who oversee fewer than three people, according to a person familiar with the matter. Many of those managers stayed with the company as individual contributors

So a lot of these people weren't actually managers, but engineers without a manager.

But if you do have a "manager" who only oversees one or two other people, that does seem like an unnecessary layer -- unless that "manager" is actually a full-time dev who just happens to have a "manager" title tacked on.

The unanswered question is whether they eliminated the _people_ or just eliminated the "manager" _titles_.
by BariumBlue | 2025-08-28 16:35:14+00:00
I really like the phone/desktop convergence concept. Mostly I think because I want the freedom / open experience of my desktop on my phone though, I think.

But I think most folks interested enough in the concept are also rich enough to afford a phone and a laptop, and if you want a keyboard for your phone you might as well just use a laptop.

I still think conceptually it's the right direction for tech that our devices should be so flexible, but it's hard enough in practice that it's not generally done.
by bee_rider | 2025-08-28 16:35:20+00:00
Probably not? I didn’t play it but I don’t think anybody would target a postapocalyptic fiction setting as a goal.

More like: look at the EU, extrapolate how it would look after a little more unification, and then take advantage of the fact that we’re made up of small states already that can group ourselves up as fits. Germany and France seem all-right, so we should organize ourselves into Germany and France size units.
by mindslight | 2025-08-28 16:35:26+00:00
> how are people meant to keep track?

Individuals are not meant to keep track, they're meant to leave the ecosystem. These types of bills are the end product of the process of regulatory capture by the corpos.

Corpos create centralized watering holes that are magnets for social problems, offering low effort service and very little accountability for early users. Corpos then nurture these uses because they drive engagement, and at the early stage any usage is good usage. When the wider public catches on and starts complaining, corpos then cast it as outside meddling and reject addressing the problems they're facilitating, as curation at scale would cost too much. Corpos then become a straightforwardly legible target for politicians to assert control over, demanding some kind of regulation of the problem. Corpos then lobby to make sure such laws are compatible with their business - like simply having to hire more bureaucrats to do compliance (which is the sine-qua-non of a corpo, in the first place). The last few steps can repeat a few cycles as legislation fails to work. But however long it takes, independent individual hosters/users are always left out of those discussions - being shunned by the politicians (individuals are hard to regulate at scale) and the corpos (individuals turn into startups, ie competition). Rinse and repeat.
by ModernMech | 2025-08-28 16:35:38+00:00
Scala, OCaml, and Haskell all approach programming from a functional-first perspective. What no other language did before Rust was to bring those features to such a well-designed imperative core.

And while this was necessary to Rust's success, I don't think it was sufficient, insofar as it also needed a good deal of corporate backing, a great and welcoming community, and luck to be at the right place at the right time.

Haskell never tried to be more than a academic language targeting researchers. OCaml never had a big community or corporate backing. Scala never really had a niche; the most salient reason to use it is if you're already in the Java ecosystem and you want to write functional code. The value propositions for each are very different, so these language didn't receive the same reaction as Rust despite offering similar features.
by chuckadams | 2025-08-28 16:35:41+00:00
I can't stand having more than a dozen or so tabs open, let alone hundreds. And I might not want them to keep state, but I could see how a "snapshot" bookmark could be very handy, so why not have "bookmark tab" automatically save the state? Or heck, let me drag a tab onto my bookmark bar. We already have the technology, but the UI around it has barely evolved in 20 years.
by kenrose | 2025-08-28 16:35:42+00:00
When mosh came out back in 2013, it solved a pretty real problem of ssh crapping out when you changed networks (like moving from in-office to home). It solves it at the app layer and uses UDP and is designed to work in high loss / latency environments. Very cool.

At the same time, in recent years, I've found that ssh running on top of Wireguard / Tailscale is way more usable than 2013 days. Those latter tools address the roaming IP issues directly at the network layer.

So while there are still issues with ssh / TCP if you're on a really crappy network (heavy packet loss, satellite link, etc), those have been less common in my experience compared to IP changes.

The “killer use case” for Mosh feels a lot less killer now.