MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Fighting Medical LLM Hallucinations with a Grounded RAG System
by heliosinc | 2025-08-16 14:54:37+00:00
Hi HN,

We've been frustrated with how confidently LLMs hallucinate—a dangerous flaw in high-stakes domains like health and medicine. The standard "I am not an expert" disclaimer feels insufficient since we all ignore those statements.

Our approach is a RAG/agentic system built to solve this. It runs on ~40M+ scientific papers, but goes beyond simple retrieval. A multi-agent workflow decomposes queries, cross-references claims against multiple sources, and synthesizes answers, ensuring every key statement is cited directly from the literature. Beyond the literature, our agent system has tools to access the internet, databases, and social platforms, with dedicated review agents to ensure proper citation and reduce hallucinations.

This is just the start. Our long-term goal is building health superintelligence by integrating multiscale data—from the genomic and cellular level all the way up to clinical studies in humans. To achieve this, we're exploring SFT, RL, and self-improvement techniques like GEPA to create models that can evolve their own scientific reasoning and to pioneer new standards for accuracy/hallucination mitigation. We plan to rigorously benchmark our work and share the data publicly.

We'd love specific feedback on:

Our RAG/agentic architecture—what failure modes are we missing?

On building superintelligence—beyond SFT/RL/GEPA, what other techniques should we be exploring for a model to truly understand multiscale biology/health/medicine?

Evaluation—what are the best benchmarks for medical/health AI trustworthiness today?

The site itself—any thoughts on the UI/UX, quality of the responses, or other features?

You can see the current system here: https://www.my-openhealth.com/
by AshamedCaptain | 2025-08-16 14:55:08+00:00
> You know that you can tune your engine right? And this is done with software that does ECU tuning. So in theory all cars are illegal?

You know that you CANNOT tune your engine, without going through your state's motor vehicle department, right ??

If the manufacturer tunes the ECU via whatever method and as consequence lowers/raises the power, good for him, but the final maximum power number is what will appear on the registration, and only in case of huge negligence can he change it afterwards on sold cars.

> The issue is not that you can do it, the issue (as stated in the VW article) is how to update your car papers to reflect the changes. You do it illegally with your friends? You can't. VW does it through the subscription? (I guess) allowed.

As I have repeated in literally each one of the 3 messages I have written in this thread: TFA clearly says the register the car for the maximum unlocked power level. Which means you _are literally paying for the maximum power even if you don't unlock it_, in terms of insurance and tax.

> you buy the ford ecoboost 1.0 100HPs. It won't be registered as the 150HPs model, although it's 100% the same hardware.

That's unsourced bullshit. I'm not familiar with Ford US cars, but Wikipedia clearly lists that the different models _are differently sized_.

But, even if it was true, and software was used as in the interlock mechanism, Ford would have to register these engines as with their maximum, unlocked power, and that's something people tend to notice.
by mpweiher | 2025-08-16 14:55:10+00:00
1. The global energy crisis of 2021-2023 was, er, global.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_energy_crisis_(2021–202...

Here a summary of the regional effects in, er, all parts of the world

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_effects_of_the_2021–2...

Including the US, including Asia and Africa and Europe. Hence "global energy crisis". It's kind of obvious from the name.

2. The site is correct about wind turbine blades whereas you are wrong.

In fact, blades currently cannot be recycled, whereas the largest part by mass, the base, could be but routinely is not. So only a small part of a wind turbine is actually recycled.

Applying your own standard, which you incorrectly applied to this site, should we now ignore everything else you write?

3. So a bunch of mostly advocacy sites trying to convince us that the higher prices that are invariably happening at the same time as we put in intermittent renewables are hand-wavingly but obviously caused by something else entirely. Riiiight.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03605...

"...which challenges the economic sanity of 100% intermittent renewable targets."

And of course you still haven't provided any "proof" that the chart, which is so "easily disproven", is actually wrong. Because you can't. Because that's empirical data across many countries and across time, none of which was addressed, never mind challenged by the stuff you posted.

4. The Chinese are massively investing in everything that produces electricity, including huge numbers of coal plants. They also just dropped some of their subsidies for PV, which resulted in the bottom falling out of that market, and massive layoffs.

https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/renewable/c...

"Solar panel installations in China fell precipitously in June..."

https://www.semafor.com/article/07/29/2025/chinas-solar-inst...

Nothing to see here, move along!

Oh, and China invests massively in nuclear, currently approving about 10 plants a year, rate increasing, plants that they build in around 5 years.

And please don't make the usual mistake of confusing installed capacity with actual power delivery. Well, that actually works for nuclear, because of capacity factors usually in the 90% range, but not for wind and solar.

In Germany, intermittent renewables actually produced less power than three years ago, despite a massive increase in capacity.

Capacity factors are dropping, partly because of unfavorable weather (yikes!), partly because all the favorable locations are already gone.

And partly because at this point, what we are building is overcapacity, IIRC correctly we already have 3x the maximum power usage installed. This overcapacity is almost entirely useless, as it has to be curtailed when sun and wind are cooperating, and still doesn't provide any electricity when they are not.
by lukaslalinsky | 2025-08-16 14:55:13+00:00
I've been living inside an electric fence for so long as a child, that I never learned the rules of life outside. As an adult, I really struggle, because even though I'd want to connect with people, I just have trouble words that could reconnect us. I rely on other people to start/keep conversations. I've been trying to overcome that somehow, but the learning process is so slow.
by pavel_lishin | 2025-08-16 14:55:14+00:00
This isn't exactly centuries ago, but my dad started a company selling a widget in the 90s; their business plan was to charge not just for the widget, but a yearly cost for having the widget installed at all. I remember thinking this was weird even back then, but apparently that was the only way the company could have been profitable - if they sold the widgets for a flat fee, eventually everyplace the widget could be used would be used, and they'd run out of money, except occasionally replacing broken widgets.

The company ended up folding either way.
by gizmo | 2025-08-16 14:56:41+00:00
If the manufacturer doesn't want to go through the trouble of creating a less powerful engine because it's not economically advantageous then the consumer should just get the better engine by default.

It's ridiculous and insulting to buy a new car (a big purchase for many) to be presented with options where the manufacturer went through considerable effort to _make the car worse_. Manufacturers should be in fierce competition to offer the best cars at the lowest price point.

Chinese competitors will absolutely crush Volkswagen and Volkswagen will have nobody to blame but themselves.
by wybiral | 2025-08-16 14:56:48+00:00
AI will probably pass that test. But art is about experience and communicating more subtle things that we humans experience. AI will not be out in society being a person and gaining experience to train on. So if we're not writing it somewhere for it to regurgitate... It will always feel lacking in the subtlety of a real human writer. It depends on us creating content with context in order to mimic someone that can create those stories.

EDIT: As in, it can make really good derivative works. But it will always lag behind a human that has been in real life situations of the time and experienced being a human throughout them. It won't be able to hit the subtle notes that we crave in art.
by dilap | 2025-08-16 14:56:58+00:00
Lack of git-lfs support (hack tho it is) is the only thing currently keeping me from trying (and, assuming it's as nice as it seems, using!) jj. Built-in, better large-file support would be amazing, and I'd happily just ditch git completely to gain that. I think there's probably a lot of people in the same boat.
by Fade_Dance | 2025-08-16 14:57:30+00:00
I think OP sounds like a typical anti-vaxxer, but "forced with threat of losing job" seems accurate enough. It's not an option for the average person to lose their job and stop paying their mortgage stop feeding their family, etc. Especially if you were living in a place that had vaccine checks at doors to many places. Effectively, as a society we did "force" the vaccine. That's not necessarily a bad thing, but it's accurate enough.
by pm215 | 2025-08-16 14:58:35+00:00
No, the problem I describe is "I am thinking of a Japanese sentence (which I know the meaning of), and I could write it in hiragana but not in kanji".

This is analogous to "I want to write an English sentence, but I can't remember how to spell one of the words", except it's worse because at least English words are spelled vaguely in line with their pronunciation.

I think where I may have stated the problem confusingly was my reference to not having a link between the Japanese word and the English RTK keywords. RTK assigns one unique keyword to each kanji, which (a) doesn't always line up with the meaning of a word in which it's the only kanji and (b) doesn't inherently help with multi kanji words. In this case benkyou is 勉強 which is two kanji with the RTK keywords EXERTION and STRONG. Unless you actively learn and memorise a link between the Japanese word and this pair of keywords, RTK is not going to help you with writing the word.
by cromka | 2025-08-16 14:59:45+00:00
This plan replaces "pause" functionality that allowed you to put your subscription on hold. Hence:

"Starlink also states that "Standby Mode is not intended for constant, maritime, or high-bandwidth use," although the terms do not explicitly prohibit this, and we don't know if or how Starlink would enforce this intention.

Additionally, Standby mode is only intended for use for 12 months or less. After that, Starlink can, in its discretion, require either a move to a standard plan or loss of all connectivity except for access to the user's Starlink account."

Nothing to get excited here about, then. It's not a plan, per se. It's an add-on. I would not resort to it for IoT, surveillance, etc.

It's also one of the many frequent changes they introduce to their plans, so I would especially not rely on this staying as is for long.

https://www.rvmobileinternet.com/starlink-drops-roam-10gb-pl...
by famouswaffles | 2025-08-16 14:59:46+00:00
>I don't need to assert otherwise, the default assumption is that they aren't conscious since they weren't designed to be and have no functional reason to be.

Unless you are religious, nothing that is conscious was explicitly designed to be conscious. Sorry but evolution is just a dumb, blind optimizer, not unlike the training processes that produce LLMs. Even if you are religious, but believe in evolution then the mechanism is still the same, a dumb optimizer.

>Matrix multiplication can explain how LLMs produce text, the observation that the text it generates sometimes resembles human writing is not evidence of consciousness.

It cannot, not anymore than 'Electrical and Chemical Signals' can explain how humans produce text.

>The same is true for a calculator and mundane computer programs, that's not evidence that they're conscious.

The point is not that it is conscious because it figured out how to multiply. The point is to demonstrate what the training process really is and what it actually incentivizes. Training will try to figure out the internal processes that produced the text to better predict it. The implications of that are pretty big when the text isn't just arithmetic. You say there's no functional reason but that's not true. In this context, 'better prediction of human text' is as functional a reason as any.

>It's not "all the things humans have written", not even remotely close, and even if that were the case, it doesn't have any implications for consciousness.

Whether it's literally all the text or not is irrelevant.
by quickthrowman | 2025-08-16 15:00:29+00:00
I sell and run electrical work and I don’t see any good use for LLMs for what I do on a day to day basis.

LLMs don’t understand constructions drawings so they’re no help when it comes to doing a takeoff. Construction specifications are already well-organized and able to be searched so LLMs don’t help there.

They can’t synthesize information from different sources (words from a person spoken on a phone conversation, napkin sketches, information that is embedded in an electricians head about a specific facility, etc) or coordinate multiple parties through a variety of communication methods (email, text, phone calls, RFIs, in-person meetings, etc)

About the only use I’ve found for them in my line of work is cleaning up data from outside sources. YMMV. Construction is a very relationship and trust based business that has been around longer than almost every other profession.
by Aurornis | 2025-08-16 15:01:14+00:00
> I want you to start with these answers then we can layer on complexity if you’ve solved the problem and there’s time left to go into navel gazing mode

Exactly. Part of the interview is explaining when and why these techniques are necessary as part of demonstrating your understanding.

If the candidate gives non-answers like “I don’t think it matters because you’re a startup” or “I’d just use whatever database I’m comfortable with” that’s not demonstrating knowledge at all. That’s dismissing the question in a way that leaves the interviewer thinking you don’t have that knowledge, or you don’t take their problems seriously enough to put thought into them. There is a type of candidate who applies to startups because they think nothing matters and they can YOLO anything together for a few years before moving on to the next job, and those are just as bad as the super over-engineering candidates.

The interview is your chance to show you know the topics and when to apply them, not the time to argue that the startup shouldn’t care about such matters.
by gh02t | 2025-08-16 15:01:27+00:00
I used to use oauth2-proxy with PocketID, but migrated to caddy-security for stuff that doesn't directly support OIDC as part of a general move to Caddy. It's nice not needing the sidecar container, though the docs for caddy-security are a bit confusing and I still find Caddy's whole approach to plugins a bit... odd. It does give you quite a lot of flexibility once you figure it out, and I think it was worthwhile after the initial learning period.
by Buttons840 | 2025-08-16 15:01:53+00:00
Artificially limiting the engine is the extra work. In a competitive market artificial limitations would mean that you lose to a competitor.

I should tell my personal background here: Half of what I'm arguing against is my own personal experience of having people tell me that free market competition rewards those who offer the best product at the lowest price. I'm saying this is a counter-example; and, yeah, I agree with you that similar counter-examples are seen everywhere.
by kannanvijayan | 2025-08-16 15:02:10+00:00
My thoughts on these ideologies lately have shifted to viewing them as "secular religions". There are many characteristics that line up with that perspective.

Both communist and capitalist purists tend to be enriched for atheists (speaking as an atheist myself). Maybe some of that is people who have fallen out with religion over superstitions and other primitivisms, and are looking to replace that with something else.

Like religions, the movements have their respective post-hoc anointed scriptural prophets: Marx for one and Smith for the other.. along with a host of lesser saints.

Like religions, they are very prescriptive and overarching and proclaim themselves to have a better connection with some greater, deeper underlying truth (in this case about human behaviour and how it organizes).

For analytical purposes there's probably still value in the underlying texts - a lot of Smith and Marx's observations about society and human behaviour are still very salient.

But these ideologies, the outgrowths from those early analytical works, seem utterly devoid of any value whatsoever. What is even the point of calling something capitalist or communist. It's a meaningless label.

These days I eschew that model entirely and try to keep to a more strict analytical understanding on a per-policy basis. Organized around certain principles, but eschewing ideology entirely. It just feels like a mental trap to do otherwise.
by 0manrho | 2025-08-16 15:02:21+00:00
True, but people generally don't want to get evicted or have their utilities turned off either. If you need a job you need a job, and the numbers out of Cali's job market puts a lot of tech people in a position where they might not have the luxury of waiting for the "right fit". As always, YMMV and the world is a big place, everyone's different, yadda yadda.
by epistasis | 2025-08-16 15:02:22+00:00
You seem to be making a bunch of unwarranted assumptions about what's in my mind, and getting upset about that, but I can't even imagine what your assumptions are. Your only stated assumption, about me thinking you are "Republican," is false, and not at all contained in my comment.

If you are motivated towards free speech action because of banned books don't you think I would suppprt you in that?! That's the entire thrust of my comment, I think people fighting for free speech are great, and based on the information you provided you seem to be doing that!
by onre | 2025-08-16 15:02:47+00:00
Intake and exhaust manifold shapes affect the power and torque characteristics of the engine. Also, these are not cheap parts. Also a quick glance at the parts catalogue suggests that the example engine, BMW B48, has different pistons and connecting rods for different tune levels, suggesting that the cast engine block is one of the few components which are actually interchangeable between the versions. Didn't check, but I'd guess the turbocharger compressor and turbine wheels might be different, too.
by dazzawazza | 2025-08-16 15:02:56+00:00
I mean it might work but you'll still get pull time-outs constantly with LFS. It's expensive to wait two or three days before you can start working on a project. Go way for two weeks, it will be a day before you can "pulled" up to date.

I hope this "new" system works but I think Perforce is safe for now.
by Eddy_Viscosity2 | 2025-08-16 15:03:07+00:00
Although I didn't say it, I was treating the 'full cost' as being all of the development etc also. It doesn't change the situation, the car company still needs to set the price to recover everything else they go under. In very special cases, companies do sometimes sell at a loss but even in this situation, purposefully making any part of the car worse is still wrong and bad. I see limiting HP with software as no different than charging extra to NOT take a hammer to windshield.

'Do you want to pay extra for the non-cracked windsheild?

'But the cars on the lot all look fine, no cracks'

'Unless you pay us $100, we will smash your windshield with a hammer before giving it to you. You also have to pay that $100 every month from now on, else the TOS says we can come to your house and smash your windshield. This has been shown to maximize our profits.'
by andai | 2025-08-16 15:03:08+00:00
o3 was actually GPT-5. They just gave it a stupid name, and made it impractical for general usage.

But in terms of wow factor, it was a step change on the order of GPT-3 -> GPT-4.

So now they're stuck slapping the GPT-5 label on marginal improvements because it's too awkward to wait for the next breakthrough now.

On that note, o4-mini was much better for general usage (speed and cost). It was my go-to for web search too, significantly better than 4o and only took a few seconds longer. (Like a mini Deep Research.)

Boggles the mind that they removed it from the UI. I'm adding it back to mine right now.
by 1970-01-01 | 2025-08-16 15:03:18+00:00
The counterpart to that is enjoy your next "Linux Evening". I've had two Linux evenings this week, until I finally decided to give up and restore a backup

The ARCH/UBUNTU/DEBIAN triad have been consecutively producing a bottom contender for your desktop 30 years in a row. Slavery comes in different forms.
by theli0nheart | 2025-08-16 15:03:27+00:00
I wrote git-bigstore [0] almost 10 (!) years ago to solve this problem—even before Git LFS—and as far as I know, bigstore still works perfectly.

You specify the files you want to store in your storage backend via .gitattributes, and use two separate commands to sync files. I have not touched this code in years but the general implementation should still work.

GitHub launched LFS not too long after I wrote this, so I kind of gave up on the idea thinking that no one would want to use it in lieu of GitHub's solution, but based on the comments I think there's a place for it.

It needs some love but the idea is solid. I wrote a little description on the wiki about the low-level implementation if you want to check it out. [1]

Also, all of the metadata is stored using git notes, so is completely portable and is frontend agnostic—doesn't lock you into anything (except, of course, the storage backend you use).

[0]: https://github.com/lionheart/git-bigstore

[1]: https://github.com/lionheart/git-bigstore/wiki
by oriettaxx | 2025-08-16 15:03:45+00:00
"The gist of the con goes like this: Social media user is a fan of a specific golfer; scam account impersonating that athlete reaches out and quickly moves the conversation to another platform like Telegram or WhatsApp to evade social media moderation tools; scammer offers a desirable object or experience — a private dinner, VIP access to a tournament, an investment opportunity — for a fee; untraceable payments are made via cryptocurrency or gift cards. Then, once the spigot of cash is turned off, the scammer disappears."
by exasperaited | 2025-08-16 15:04:06+00:00
> It was not even clear that we were so near to create machines that could understand the human language

It's not really clear to me to what extent LLMs even do *understand* human language. They are very good at saying things that sound like a responsive answer, but the head-scratching, hard-to-mentally-visualise aspect of all of this is that this isn't the same thing at all.