MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by xp84 | 2025-08-06 22:28:18+00:00
I would argue that a mercantilist approach, where we encourage and lower barriers to importing low-value raw materials like crude oil, metals, etc. and then use those to make high-value-add materials like industrial machines, computers, cars, etc, and then protect those with tariffs makes a ton of sense. Trump doesn't usually seem to draw any distinction[1] between manufacturing inputs (such as chips) and manufacturing outputs (such as cars). Why? The raw materials are not high-margin, and the jobs and GDP involved in many of these inputs are miniscule numbers compared to what having ample supply of inputs does for businesses.

Anyway, this confusing and vague announcement could, in some way, theoretically point toward that kind of approach. But semiconductors are a stupid thing to tariff given how we just can't make the most advanced ones here, won't be able to for a long time, and we need them.

[1] as an example, I recall a story where the single company that domestically processes aluminum in some way was given a huge windfall when Trump imposed tariffs on aluminum during his first term, "saving" the 150 jobs or whatever, while like tripling the cost of aluminum for industries employing 5,000,000 workers.
by winocm | 2025-08-06 22:28:32+00:00
At least since maybe the DEC Alpha 21264. It could address 48-bits of VA space, but that comes with caveats due to PALcode specific intricacies.

I think VMS (or was it Tru64?) uses this mode, but many other OSes just use 43-bit or 40-bit addressing. Realistically though, I don’t think many users would be using workloads that addressed more than 38-bits worth of contiguous VA space in 1998-1999.
by chriswarbo | 2025-08-06 22:29:49+00:00
I would agree with this if the author's examples were using hashes, rather than "version numbers". Specifying a hash lets us check whether any random blob of code is or isn't what we specified; versions can't do this, because any blob of code can claim to have any name, version, etc. it likes. As long as we have a hash, we don't need version numbers (or names, though it's usually helpful to provide them).

Using hashes also makes it easier to distribute, fetch, proxy, etc. since there's no need for trust. In contrast, fetching code based only on (name and) version number requires more centralised repositories with a bunch of security hoops to jump through.

Also, on that note, I can plug my own post on the topic: http://www.chriswarbo.net/blog/2024-05-17-lock_files_conside...
by PaulHoule | 2025-08-06 22:30:33+00:00
I thought the PDP 10 had 6-bit bytes, or at least 6-bit characters

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-bit_character_code#DEC_SIX...

Notably the PDP 8 had 12 bit words (2x6) and the PDP 10 had 36 bit words (6x6)

Notably the PDP 10 had addressing modes where it could address a run of bits inside a word so it was adaptable to working with data from other systems. I've got some notes on a fantasy computer that has 48-bit words (fit inside a Javascript double!) and a mechanism like the PDP 10 where you can write "deep pointers" that have a bit offset and length that can even hang into the next word, with the length set to zero bits this could address UTF-8 character sequences. Think of a world where something like the PDP 10 inspired microcomputers, was used by people who used CJK characters and has a video system that would make the NeoGeo blush. Crazy I know.
Show HN: GoAgentic – AI that does cold outreach better than I ever could
by nijfranck | 2025-08-06 22:31:04+00:00
I’ve been working solo on an AI sales outreach agent that handles the entire cold outreach process — from finding leads to writing and sending emails, to following up until there’s a reply.

The problem I wanted to solve: I was spending hours crafting personalized cold emails and still seeing mediocre results. I knew the process could be broken down into repeatable patterns — targeting, messaging, timing — and optimized with data.

What GoAgentic does:

- Finds and qualifies leads based on your criteria - Generates highly personalized emails that don’t read like AI spam - Sends and tracks them with deliverability safeguards - Lets you experiment with messaging and timing to find what works - Stops when there’s a reply (so you only step in when it matters)

Would love feedback from HN on:

- How to make this more valuable for technical founders who hate doing sales - The biggest red flags you see with AI-driven outreach tools - Whether you’d prefer a “set it and forget it” model or more manual control over the AI’s actions

Link: https://www.goagentic.com/ - it's free to try it out!
by dylan604 | 2025-08-06 22:31:24+00:00
Not a follower of F1, I never knew that Red Bull built their own cars. I thought they were just sponsoring a team using other cars. I don't know if knowing that caffeinated drinks made enough profit to finance building race cars from the ground up is something to be impressed by or not. That's a lot of caustic swill that humans have ingested over the years to make that happen
by quickthrowman | 2025-08-06 22:31:44+00:00
> And of course, value engineering and simulation is so sophisticated that Nissan and Chrysler can make your engine blow up exactly 1,000 KM past the warranty interval.

Probably not a coincidence that those two companies write a ton of subprime loans, lol. I’d never own a modern Nissan or Stellantis vehicle.
by davepeck | 2025-08-06 22:31:56+00:00
I think Litestar is superb for building API backends. Love it; use it; only good things to say. Their Advanced Alchemy is coming along nicely, too.

Litestar of course supports old-school server-template-rendered sites, too; it even has a plugin for HTMX requests and responses. In practice, I find that the patterns that serve API endpoints so well sometimes get in the way of old-school "validate form and redirect, or re-render with errors" endpoints. In particular, Litestar has no "true" form support of its own; validation is really intended to flag inbound schema mismatch on API calls, not flag multiple individual error fields. Using `@post("/route", exception_handlers={...})` is pretty awkward for these endpoints. I'd be excited to see some better tools/DX in-the-box here.
by atlgator | 2025-08-06 22:32:20+00:00
I checked out the author's other projects and this is common issue. For example, he has a "lean checker" for bluesky that claims it is right-leaning simply because of all the people saying "That's right," "He was right," etc. None of the supposed right-leaning posts were actually conservative in nature. They just used to word right to mean correct.
by jadenPete | 2025-08-06 22:32:43+00:00
It's amazing to me that, in the US, we're discussing deregulation and privatization of so many functional and working parts of the government apparatus (the United States Digital Service, public broadcasting, the post office, etc.), when deregulation of the housing market would probably do the most for public good. Distortion of the market, which includes outlawing SROs, jacks up housing prices and indirectly perpetuates so many societal problems:

- Homelessness, which likely worsens mental health, increases drug usage, reduces tourism, creates a massive eyesore for everyone else, etc.

- Lack of disposable income—if folks are spending more on a rent or mortgage payment, they're not spending as much on goods and services.

- Inequality—artificially constricting the supply of housing creates a game of musical chairs, where some inevitably get left out and, because of that, can't climb up the social ladder. It also favors incumbents who already own homes or received their parents' home.

- Sprawl—zoning restrictions stifle the construction of high-density housing, which makes cities inaccessible, increases car dependence, negatively affects the environment, etc.
by ocdtrekkie | 2025-08-06 22:32:45+00:00
Based on... a web search: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd-homed

The big thing appears to be moving the user metadata into the home directory itself rather than it being around the system, and enabling home folder encryption, which has been like... a single button press feature on Windows since like Windows XP. Sounds like a step forward.
by js8 | 2025-08-06 22:32:47+00:00
I think the answer is yes. Modern efforts to formalize mathematics use type theory a lot, specifically calculus of inductive constructions, rather than ZFC.

At around 2000, I studied applied mathematics. I was curious about automated theorem proving, but I didn't understand the language (being, as most mathematicians, trained in proving with classical logic rather than type theory). Years later I discovered Haskell, which became a "gateway drug" to type theory. I wish something like Lean had existed 25 years ago, when I was a student.

I think fully formal methods in mathematics are the future, and every math student should learn a bit of Lean (or a similar tool, but IMHO Lean has the best tutorials, aimed at people with traditional education). Hence, everybody should learn basics of type theory.
by _john_davis | 2025-08-06 22:33:13+00:00
Location: San Diego, CA Remote: yes Willing to relocate: no Technologies: Typescript, Playwright, Selenium, mongo, SQL, Jira, Slack, Python, NodeJS, Mocha, Jest, Python, Linux Résumé/CV: https://docs.google.com/document/d/19ikWVOhPNhG-t6D6DwR9Idc0... Email: aumkara@gmail.com
by quickthrowman | 2025-08-06 22:33:30+00:00
NVDA is up after this news, no one believes the orange guy anymore re: tariffs.

Edit: seems like there are no tariffs if you commit to manufacturing in the US, hence Apple’s announcement about a Corning Glass plant for iDevice screen glass in Kentucky today ;)

Samsung and TSMC will be exempt, Apple’s glass plant will exempt them, Intel is obv exempt, I’m pretty sure global foundries and TI are as well.

That doesn’t leave a whole lot of players left to tariff. Seagate has US production and is currently expanding it, at least in Bloomington, MN; does Micron manufacture in the US? Do medical device makers like Boston Scientific and Medtronic make their own semiconductors?
by Lichtso | 2025-08-06 22:34:58+00:00
Another similar data structure which has a balanced tree (instead of a list) that references array segments is the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rope_(data_structure)

Its main advantages are the O(log n) time complexity for all size changes at any index, meaning you can efficiently insert and delete anywhere, and it is easy to implement copy-on-write version control on top of it.
by labrador | 2025-08-06 22:35:02+00:00
I'm just an old country imperative programmer, not a big city functional programmer, so excuse my ignorance, but I had an ephiphany the other day. Functional programmers with strict types organize their data with complex types, while I do the same with classes. I need to do more research to verify this, but it explains the focus on types in functional languages to me.
by simonh | 2025-08-06 22:35:07+00:00
As adults we make our decisions as best we can. We can’t not make decisions, and the ones we do affect future generations whether they like it or not. That’s just life.

Having said that I worry about the sustainability of these projects. If these are not indefinitely sustainable on arrival, then future generations are doomed to die out with no hope of survival. I’ve no problem with a carefully judged risk, there are no guarantees in life, but there has to at least be a reasonable chance.
by sureglymop | 2025-08-06 22:35:09+00:00
How do you automatically set up the hooks, e.g. when you clone the repo on a new computer?

Also, is there a way to automatically edit a chezmoi managed file in the chezmoi directory? I accidentally type stuff like "nvim .bashrc" way too often and then forget I never added the changes to chezmoi. It would be neat if there was a vim plugin or something that just opened the chezmoi file instead if it's managed.
by jjulius | 2025-08-06 22:35:15+00:00
At the risk of being simplistic and reductive... you just... stop.

Unless it's calling or texting, what you do via phone can almost always be done on a computer/laptop. Allot a certain time of your day/week for handling life shit via a desktop or laptop, and a certain time of the day/week for reading news. Limit it to just that timeframe, and try to keep that timeframe small. Avoid social media as much as you can within that.
by vidarh | 2025-08-06 22:35:57+00:00
The only thing you need to achieve pre-emptive multitasking is interrupts and the ability to cleanly save the current CPU state.

The 68k lacked the ability to resume with full state intact after a bus fault, which made an off-chip MMU painful (but there was one - the MC68451[1]), but this doesn't affect the ability to do pre-emptive multitasking at all.

AmigaOS famously did have preemptive multitasking - we used it to mock PC and Mac users with for years.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola_68451 Note that to do full virtual memory with a 68k, Motorola proposed using a second 68k to handle page faults due to a design flaw:

https://retrocomputingforum.com/t/correcting-errors-by-dupli...
by ramoz | 2025-08-06 22:36:28+00:00
o3 is a great oracle I use as well - in my dumb reddit/theater mode I mention that.

I'm building integrations for both Claude Code and AMP! AMP also provides really important features of a harness that others haven't quite caught up on. OpenCode, sort of, but that is driven in a bit of a cultish open source way.
by 8n4vidtmkvmk | 2025-08-06 22:36:33+00:00
Sounds a bit like a fancier ngrok.

Accidentally wiring everything to everything else sounds kind of scary.

There's 1 or 2 things I wouldn't mind securely exposing to the internet (like Plex) but nothing I need so desperately while I'm out and about that I'd even want to take that risk.

Sounds like this is just for self-hosting?
by goosejuice | 2025-08-06 22:36:45+00:00
> consumers are not required to read the instruction manual before using the car.

Indeed, and perhaps this is part of the problem. A reasonable person would find that through licensure, there is a expectation that you know how to operate and take responsibility for the operation of the death machine you step into.

If Tesla's marketing is so dangerous why hasn't the FTC acted even once? FTC has been pinged by the NHTSA and Congress. At least the first time was before this accident. It took years for NHTSA to implement the nag. NHTSA could have recalled autopilot before this accident happened.

Tesla did not get away with anything. The agencies failed to address it in a self certification model set by them. It's their job to ensure drivers are safe. Meanwhile Germany and the California DMV did do something. If Tesla is to blame, so are the FTC and NHTSA.
by iLemming | 2025-08-06 22:36:50+00:00
What? Emacs is in fact a digital anarchism - complete opposite of religion. It's Kropotkin¹ with parentheses - mutual aid through package sharing, no central authority (even RMS can't dictate your config), and every user autonomously creating their own means of production. The 'religion' rhetoric is just subversive humor disguising a radical experiment in computational self-governance.

Where IDEs impose hierarchical workflows, Emacs says 'no gods, no masters, only defun' It's not a cathedral or a bazaar - it's an infinite commune where every buffer is a consensus decision you make with yourself.

——

¹ - Peter Kropotkin was a Russian aristocrat who said "fuck nobility" and became one of anarchism's main theorists.
by nayuki | 2025-08-06 22:37:15+00:00
Today, we all agree that "byte" means 8 bits. But half a century ago, this was not so clear and the different hardware manufacturers were battling it out with different sized bytes.

A reminder of that past history is that in Internet standards documents, the word "octet" is used to unambiguously refer to an 8-bit byte. Also, "octet" is the French word for byte, so a "gigaoctet (Go)" is a gigabyte (GB) in English.

(Now, if only we could pin down the sizes of C/C++'s char/short/int/long/long-long integer types...)
by wpm | 2025-08-06 22:37:26+00:00
Yes, because the author of the comment didn’t explicitly carve out a moment to comment that Java/Flash were not great for accessibility, it must mean that in their hypothetical world where web applications that needed rich interaction and client side processing where based on Java/Flash type runtimes, it would have stayed shit for accessibility.

I’m sure the person you were referring to doesn’t want to make the web shit for the blind. Calm down
by Telaneo | 2025-08-06 22:39:53+00:00
They're probably just penny pinching to get more people to buy into their own subscription, believing that people actually have some brand loyalty to GM.

I believe they're wholly mistaken in that, and I believe that most people who give do care about this, more or less automatically exclude cars that don't support Carplay/AA, given car makers' track records when it comes to in-car entertainment systems, and those who don't care, aren't going to buy their subscription in the first place. They might pull in some poor suckers once the 1 year free trial or whatever expires and they pay up in some mistaken belief that they need to pay to have their car working properly.
by grafmax | 2025-08-06 22:39:58+00:00
If investors keep houses off the market that artificially reduces supply. All they need is for the increased prices to outweigh any price decline that comes from increased supply. This can happen with or without vacancies for example by having pricing power in the rental market.

House vacancies aren’t my central argument however - they are a symptom of the wealth distribution problem causing our housing crisis.
by JoshTriplett | 2025-08-06 22:40:19+00:00
> They're almost always deployed though because people end up liking the ideas.

Or they're deployed because it's difficult to use IPv6 without them, even if you want to. For instance, it's quite difficult to use Linux with IPv6 in a static configuration without any form of autodiscovery of addresses or routes; I've yet to achieve such a configuration. With IPv4, I can bring up the network in a tiny fraction of a second and have it work; with IPv6, the only successful configuration I've found takes many seconds to decide it has a working network, and sometimes flakes out entirely.

Challenge: boot up an AWS instance, configure networking using your preferred IP version, successfully make a connection to an external server using that version, and get a packet back, in under 500ms from the time your instance gets control, succeeding 50 times out of 50. Very doable with IPv4; I have yet to achieve that with IPv6.
by Mistletoe | 2025-08-06 22:40:42+00:00
What's the cost for getting all that to space? Is it still about $4,000/kg?

What's a rough idea about how much Chrysalis would weigh?

2.4M tons it says. ~2.2B kg = $8.8 trillion dollars just for the launch costs alone?

I also thought this was interesting from the 2nd place booklet. Did not know this.

>The chance of a successful pregnancy in deep space without a geomagnetic field is essentially zero.

>During mitosis and meiosis, microtubules depend on a stable magnetic field to orient the mitotic spindle and ensure accurate chromosome segregation — processes critical for embryonic growth. A spacecraft lacking any magnetic field would halt human reproduction, dooming both the mission and the survival of the colony.
by 8n4vidtmkvmk | 2025-08-06 22:40:49+00:00
I need an easy way to host a nice UI for mercurial. That's rock solid stable, zero maintenance.

I've been pushing my repos to a random $5 server I have for years now. It's been rock solid. But I have no UI. I can push and pull and it supports exactly 1 user (me) and it's never gone down because I just never touch the server. I did go the extra mile to set up automatic backups but that's it.

An issue tracker and code explorer would be nice.
by esseph | 2025-08-06 22:41:11+00:00
30% unit casualties causes the unit to be Combat Ineffective in the infantry role.

(Number of infantry x .3) = $DesiredCasualties

Let's say it takes 10 drones to kill a soldier, and each drone is $250/ea. That's $2,500, or the $KillCost

$DesiredCasualties x $KillCost = Dollar value needed to move an infantry unit into combat ineffectiveness

Looks like around 620,000 troops deployed by Russia so far.

620k x .3 = 186,000

186000 x $2500 = $465 million, bottom line price, in a crazy world where the starts align in many ways that aren't realistic, gives you a huge destruction in combat capability for less than $500mil.

For those following along, this is extremely overly simplified, but I hope it conveys both the huge military advantages drones provide as well as the political (less dead bodies to deal with, less broken soldiers sent home for treatment and decades of care) and economic advantages lethal drones in combat can provide.
by y-curious | 2025-08-06 22:42:01+00:00
This anecdote is survivorship bias quite literally. There are many people that are dead from lack of regulation during the 80s that cannot comment.

I agree that we shouldn't let fear rule us, but I think the risk of fatal and disfiguring accidents is high on roadways in the US. It's kind of like letting your cat be an outdoor cat, but instead of a sad nextdoor post we are going to be seeing teen funerals
by kazinator | 2025-08-06 22:42:17+00:00
In my experience, highly portable C is cleaner and easier to understand and maintain than C which riddles abstract logic with dependencies on the specific parameters of the abstract machine.

Sometimes the latter is a win, but not if that is your default modus operandi.

Another issue is that machine-specific code that assumes compiler and machine characteristics often has outright undefined behavior, not making distinctions between "this type is guaranteed to be 32 bits" and "this type is guaranteed to wrap around to a negative value" or "if we shift this value 32 bits or more, we get zero so we are okay" and such.

There are programmers who are not stupid like this, but those are the ones who will tend to reach for portable coding.
by ryan_bailes | 2025-08-06 22:42:45+00:00
Google’s AI Overviews are quietly rewriting the rules of SEO, even top-ranked local businesses are losing clicks as AI answers replace search results. This article breaks down what’s happening, who’s being affected, and what small businesses in places like East Texas can do to adapt.

Curious how others are adjusting their strategies in the age of generative search. Is traditional SEO dead or just evolving?
by nijfranck | 2025-08-06 22:42:57+00:00
A lot of people I talk to assume AI outreach is just spam.

In my experience, the opposite is true if you set it up right.

- Don’t send to unqualified leads. - Make every email read like it was written by a human who understands their problem. - Use AI for research to reach out with relevance.

I’ve actually had people reply saying they knew it was AI but still wanted to meet because the message was good and relevant.

Have you tried AI outreach? What was your experience?