MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by 9rx | 2025-07-02 13:21:06+00:00
> Especially if I add the constraint that rows have to be unique?; Relations=Tables

This is kind of like saying that a dynamically-typed programming language is statically-typed because you can add tests to enforce the same constraints as what static typing enables.

There is a lot of truth in that statement, but you completely fail to capture the differences in calling said language statically-typed. And, sure, for a silly comment on HN, who cares, right? But on the other hand, what are you gaining by obscuring the differences? It is not like said programming language is somehow better because you call it statically-typed. It is still the same language no matter what you call it.

SQL does not follow the relational model, as it was proposed by Codd. And that's okay. Arguably it is better because of it. Why not call it what it is?

> Not that my view is better just different.

Of course you can view things however your little heart desires. You can even see what I call a chicken as being a relational database if that is what floats your boat. But we are not talking about your view, we are talking about Codd's view. Every single comment that preceded this was clearly about Codd's take, to the point that you even linked to some of his work for us to engross in his thoughts. And we know very well how Codd felt about tables. He wrote about everything he thought was wrong with SQL at length.
by comrade1234 | 2025-07-02 13:21:46+00:00
The book Baudolino by Umberto Eco has these and many more fantastical creatures. The first half of the book sticks to history (north Italy wars, German emporer Barbarossa, the crusades and Constantinople, etc) but in the second half the characters start traveling to the East on a quest and start coming across these creatures and more...

To be honest i enjoyed the beginning historical parts much more than the quest part of the book. It brought insight to me on some things an Italian friend told me about their history, where there was constant fighting, even to the point where families would build compounds with towers so they could attack their neighbors from the tower. And how when a city was defeated in battle it could be completely dismantled and removed from the face of the earth.
by PopAlongKid | 2025-07-02 13:21:46+00:00
For a long time, the S-curve on Lake Shore Drive in downtown Chicago was designed with two 90-degree turns close to each other. This is a major route with 4 or 5 lanes in each direction as I recall. I used to drive it fairly regularly; you just learned to slow down a lot and then proceed. Maybe slow down more if it was snowing.

https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20160315/downtown/remember-o...
by phil21 | 2025-07-02 13:22:15+00:00
I looked into this a long time ago, it’s only gotten “worse” since then as far as I know.

Assuming your money comes via income and you are not doing anything exceptional to optimize taxes, you are around that 50% or so rate on incremental income nearly anywhere you’d be able to make such incomes in the western world. Normalize for things like health insurance and it’s really not worth even considering a move for tax purposes in most cases.

The US is known as low taxes, low services - but it’s really within about 5% for high earning professional workers compared to even most social democracies. It’s a decidedly high tax low services place to live.

The largest difference in taxes in the US vs rest of the developed world seems to be the high tax brackets start much earlier on the income scale. It’s much better (for taxes at least) to be in the US as a median wage earner and it’s usually not remotely close.

Where things decouple is how capital and other forms of investment income are treated. That gets too complicated for me to understand, but it’s clear to me that a charitable take would be tax code has not kept up with how the wealthy increasingly earn their income.
by F7F7F7 | 2025-07-02 13:22:50+00:00
This is 1 part hilarious and 1 part bewildering. You wrote an entire silly imaginary novel about my life based on a poorly worded (to your standards) sentence.

Sketch dominated the landscape. Now they are a small percentage of the landscape. I characterized that as a 'fail'. Sure, maybe an inexact word but what else do you call going from 60%+ of the market share down to below 20%? And btw I currently pay Sketch $120 for a personal license (so they obviously haven't failed in that sense).

And spare me the 'context' thing. Because my context on this subject is as a individual contributor, leader of multiple large design orgs with dozens of designers all in the same tools, as an early Sketch, Figma, Invision and Framer X customer. The context is up there with the Console Wars but I don't have the room for that here.

What's your context?

Have a great day!
by almostgotcaught | 2025-07-02 13:22:52+00:00
> uses information available in LLVM (e.g. scheduling models) to statically measure the performance of machine code in a specific CPU

do people not realize that the scheduling models in LLVM are approximate? like really approximate sometimes. in fact, half the job of working on instruction scheduling in LLVM is cajoling the scheduler into doing the right thing given the approximate models.
by dbspin | 2025-07-02 13:22:52+00:00
There's vast social honour and commensurate status attached to activities like bing a sports / movie star. Status that can easily be lost, and cannot be purchased for almost any amount of money. Arguably that status is a greater motivator than the financial reward - ie.: see the South Korean idol system. It's certainly not going to be diminished as a motivator by financial reward. There's no equivalent for AI researchers. At best the very best may win the acclaim of their peers and a Nobel prize. It's not a remotely equivalent level of celebrity / access to all the treasures the world can provide.
by cogman10 | 2025-07-02 13:23:52+00:00
Silk is particularly bad. Order anything "silk" from amazon and you are almost certainly getting satin. Put up a review "hey, this is satin, not silk" and amazon will take it down.

Amazon should be busted for false advertising. Millions of products filled with lies and amazon does absolutely nothing to curate (other than removing comments warning others that a product is fake).
by gsablewskinunes | 2025-07-02 13:23:55+00:00
Aspiring SOC Analyst Tier 1 Location: Sao Paulo, Brazil Remote: Yes Willing to relocate: Yes Technologies: SIEM, Python, malware analysis, windows linux, incident response and digital forensics resume: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1H4U6ExSlllpk8eFNQsle8TJW-pN... email: gsablewskinunes@gmail.com

"Entrepreneur from Brazil with 8 years of experience, having launched and managed three small businesses in the hospitality sector. Currently transitioning into cybersecurity — my true passion. I'm actively seeking opportunities in the field and open to any entry-level role to gain hands-on experience. I hold several foundational certifications, including CompTIA Security+, Google Cybersecurity Certificate, and TryHackMe SOC Level 1. I'm also currently training with the Let'sDefend OSC simulator to sharpen my blue team skills."
by layer8 | 2025-07-02 13:24:14+00:00
There are techniques to solve that:

https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Techniques/html/H33

https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Techniques/css/C7

However, I don’t know how well the first one is supported by screen readers.

(Edit: Updated the links from WCAG 2.0 to 2.2.)
by phkahler | 2025-07-02 13:25:08+00:00
And if every link is just "Amaya" without verbs you can't tell what's what. So I think "get Amaya" and "go to the Amaya website" are rather fine.

Also poor form is to have your download button on github.io pulling an executable from malware sites like sourceforge. I'm looking at you wxMaxima.
by LocalPCGuy | 2025-07-02 13:26:01+00:00
> ...accessibility issue? particularly when there's are buttons right above it that say...

Yes, those buttons may not be "in context" when the page is not being viewed in a visual medium.

> To download PiPedal, click here.

Another appropriate link in this case could be simply:

*Download PiPedal* now!

Or like your last example, just link it slightly differently to emphasize the action:

To *download PiPedal*, visit the Download Page.
by JoeDohn | 2025-07-02 13:26:21+00:00
I am not calling for it nor wishing for it, but they will argue the 'data usage bypass' that leads to a loss for them (instead 'clicking'/'viewing' jobs on sh*t linkedin website, users are using JobsByReferral).

But I guess they won't come to you right away, if you get some traction than you bet they will (even if from legal point of view it's not a clear path for a win)
by exiguus | 2025-07-02 13:26:30+00:00
Actually, there are plans to tax international investments at 1% [1] (i.e., making more money with money). This will basically stop bets on currency or commodities on the stock exchanges. Besides that, inheritance and wealth tax are also interesting fields for a regulation.

[1] https://www.europarl.europa.eu/workingpapers/econ/107_en.htm
by qeternity | 2025-07-02 13:26:35+00:00
This is not a result of income inequality. This is a result of measures intended to reduce income inequality, which of course almost universally make things worse.

The other lending that the US (and Western governments in general) massively subsidize is education. And look at what has happened to the cost of housing and education. They have both massively exceeded general rates of inflation.

The cure is worse than the disease.
by b112 | 2025-07-02 13:26:50+00:00
Not to mention, Language Modeling is Compression https://arxiv.org/pdf/2309.10668

So text wikipedia at 24G would easily hit 8G with many standard forms of compression, I'd think. If not better. And it would be 100% accurate, full text and data. Far more usable.

It's so easy for people to not realise how massive 8GB really is, in terms of text. Especially if you use ascii instead of UTF.
by AbbeFaria | 2025-07-02 13:27:41+00:00
I am an employee and stock holder both. Obviously, I would rather have a job than not but at the same time a significant portion of my personal wealth is in MSFT stocks.

I have seen engineering teams at MSFT that provide questionable value to the business so trimming the fat does make sense. Also These multiple rounds of layoffs have made me internalise that we need to be working on something valuable instead of useful.

Can someone discern why these layoffs are being done ? Driven by large shareholders? More runway till we get revenue from GenAI while we keep burning money on GPUs ?
by arabello | 2025-07-02 13:27:41+00:00
Location: Italy Remote: Yes Willing to relocate: Yes Technologies: Python (GenAI), Typescript, Node, React (React Router 7), Docker, Postgres, Scala, Kubernetes Résumé/CV: https://www.matteopellegrino.dev/cv Email: matteo.pelle.pellegrino@gmail.com

I’m a Product-minded Software Engineer specialized in Fullstack Development; currently focusing on Generative AI / LLM integrations. ~5 YoE in designing and implementing web applications from requirements gathering to deploy, from bootstrap to production.

I am a generalist who loves building digital products, looking for startups or medium-tech to expand my area of impact through more meaningful projects.
Show HN: GmailDraft – AI assistant to draft Gmail replies with GPT-4
by pablolc | 2025-07-02 13:28:11+00:00
Hi HN,

I built [GmailDraft](https://github.com/paabloLC/gmail-ai-draft), an AI-powered assistant that connects to your Gmail inbox, reads your emails, drafts smart replies using GPT-4, and auto-labels threads, all running quietly in the background after an initial setup.

I made this mostly while playing around with Claude Code to test what I could build with it in a couple of sessions. The idea was to create something useful and lightweight to reduce email fatigue and repetitive replies.

GitHub: https://github.com/paabloLC/gmail-ai-draft

The project is still an MVP. I’d love feedback on: - Use cases you think this could help with - Features you'd like to see added - Any privacy or UX concerns

Thanks!
by rybosome | 2025-07-02 13:28:14+00:00
Agreed, especially when in this context of training a smaller model on a larger model’s outputs. Distillation is generally accepted as an effective technique.

This is exactly what I did in a previous role, fine-tuning Llama and Mistral models on a mix of human and GPT-4 data for a domain-specific task. Adding (good) synthetic data definitely increased the output quality for our tasks.
by 9rx | 2025-07-02 13:28:20+00:00
> How many ORMs support composite primary keys and non-binary relationships?

Theoretically all. However, often ORM and query building are combined into a unified framework that links them together into a higher order abstraction. You may know this type of thing by names like the active record pattern or the data mapper pattern, with concrete implementations like ActiveRecord and Entity Framework. Such frameworks often make it difficult to use the ORM component in isolation (and even where that isn't the case, doing so largely defeats the purpose of using the framework anyway), and as such you become constrained by the limits of the query builder. I suspect that is what you are really thinking of.
by jermaustin1 | 2025-07-02 13:28:27+00:00
My wife has bought a handful of flat-pack cabinets and shelves over the last year, and it has been an experience in frustration, and furniture half assembled for weeks while we wait on a weirdly sized bolt to arrive from china because it was missing, or in one case, an entire door, or in another case a handle had been tapped to the wrong size (too big) for the bolts.

The crazy thing is these $100-250 products ship with instructions on getting 100% of your purchase back if you leave a 5-star review and email them proof you did.
by F7F7F7 | 2025-07-02 13:28:51+00:00
People say it all of the time. Go onto any other platform discussing this topic and you'll see it as the most cited reason for Figma's dominance.

Yes, Sketch's logo has been featured in a Apple keynote before. I'm familiar with their relationship with Apple and it seems like their team is perfectly happy not being the gargantuan that Figma is.

Sometimes I feel like people just want to find any reason to disagree on here.

Lastly, maybe you should just make a depreciation (sic) bot.
by leothekim | 2025-07-02 13:29:14+00:00
Justworks | Hybrid (US: New York City, Canada: Toronto) | Full-time | Multiple roles | https://justworks.com/careers

Justworks is helping businesses get off the ground by enabling them to focus on running their business. We solve HR issues. We’re data-driven and never stop iterating. And, we are hiring across the board! If you’d like to work in a supportive, entrepreneurial environment, are interested in building something meaningful and having fun while doing it, we’d love to hear from you!

- Engineering Manager: https://grnh.se/yzes4b8l1us

- Senior Software Engineer: https://grnh.se/lluz9tup1us

- Software Engineer: https://grnh.se/6q95fndp1us

- Salesforce Developer: https://grnh.se/k6o7ihti1us
by vlod | 2025-07-02 13:29:52+00:00
Sounds like you have no customers? If so how did you validate your offering against their current flow?

e.g. if your potential customers are perfectly happy to use spreadsheets to manage their workflows at your price point, it's not going to work out.

Trying not to be an ass, but "Build it and they will come" is not a good strategy (that unfortunately I've done/experienced multiple times).
by ichik | 2025-07-02 13:30:37+00:00
> It wasn’t lost on us that Sketch is/was much much smoother with its usage of Mac OS’s native shape rendering.

Writing this from the perspective of someone who used to spend all day every day in Photoshop/Sketch/Figma for decades. This markedly contradicts my recollection of the state of Sketch at the time Figma was in its first public beta. Sketch's performance was abhorrent and it was constantly crashing while working with libraries. I was very skeptical about web-technology based tool in terms of performance, but Figma blew me away. It was FAST.
by matwood | 2025-07-02 13:30:45+00:00
> Investors don’t want to put money in a place where saying the wrong thing or associating with the wrong person could negatively impact your ability to transact in that country

I don't think people understand how fortunate the US is to be reasonably uncorrupt/have a solid rule of law, have the world reserve currency, and for the most part be where any company in the world would prefer to be incorporated. That type of branding is impossible to put a value on.

Unfortunately the US is currently speed running to remove these advantages. Luckily it takes time for large money outflows to occur, and hopefully US law can hold in the meantime.
by alpaccount | 2025-07-02 13:31:05+00:00
> cut taxes

Yep, this is absolutely correct. I don't see how people don't realize this, the simplest way to make brazil less unequal is to REDUCE tax!

From wiki: > The collection of federal taxes on the reserve base, shows that of the amount collected by the IRS of Brazil, the majority of the taxes are based on consumption, with approximately 53% on average of the funds raised by Revenue Federal Brazil and continue accounting for more than half of tax (52%) charged by the agency. This tax structure is even more perverse when we add the taxes collected at the state and municipal levels, which bring in the largest source of revenue. The tax burden on consumption is regressive. In Brazil those who earn up to twice the minimum wage spend 26% of their income to pay indirect taxes, while the tax burden for families with income higher than 30 times the minimum wage amounts to only 7%. Excessive taxation on consumption depresses demand directly affecting the economy, reducing the consumption of the middle and lower income families.

Taxing the rich will solve nothing (and let's be honest, this government is not aiming nor has the capacity to enforce it). Something much simpler is just let people be able to consume things, by removing taxes and cutting spending (probably not even necessary given how much the state already takes from its people).

Super simple, but, as usual, we love to overcomplicate it and play the popularity game.
by F7F7F7 | 2025-07-02 13:31:10+00:00
The perception at the time was that Adobe had abandoned UX designers and wasn't willing to tailor any of their tools to them. So they (we) moved on.

I was at a SXSW session with XD's product team in the early weeks/months of that products existence. The Q&A section was filled with a lot of dismissive statements and questions. XD was never going to survive.
Show HN: DuckDB + React = SQLRooms Framework for Analytics Apps Without Backend
by ilyabo | 2025-07-02 13:31:19+00:00
We’ve built SQLRooms, an open-source framework for creating single-node data analytics apps powered by DuckDB.

It lets you build fully client-side, data-centric apps using React and DuckDB running in the browser (via WebAssembly) or in Electron. No server or backend is required — apps can work offline, preserve data privacy, and run queries on large datasets with sub-second performance.

Features:

- Query large datasets in browser with DuckDB (WASM)

- Modular design for building composable data UIs (query editors, dashboards, notebooks, etc.)

- Data privacy-preserving AI assistant that can write and execute SQL queries

- Integrations with various visualization libraries

Check live examples: https://sqlrooms.org/examples

Learn more: https://sqlrooms.org

Code: https://github.com/sqlrooms/sqlrooms

Would love feedback, ideas, or suggestions!
by thesuitonym | 2025-07-02 13:31:33+00:00
> It's only 10 char and much too short for someone to click when it's inline with other links. Let's not mention text squirming around the screen via molasses JS, kicking your text up, down, and around the screen for several seconds before those short 10 chars finally become stationary.

That was much less of a problem in 2010, and either way not really something for the size of your hyperlink to fix.
by tenuousemphasis | 2025-07-02 13:31:39+00:00
>I’ve basically settled on only buying major brands that I already know from Amazon

I wouldn't even do that, unless you can't find it anywhere else. Amazon commingles their returns form 3rd party sellers and Amazon direct. So you might order an item, find out it was actually a broken returned item, and then have Amazon call you a liar.
by bigDinosaur | 2025-07-02 13:32:03+00:00
Not necessarily. For example, good design on a staircase doesn't mean that everyone ever can use it, and not every situation can involve alternatives. Accessibility is always relative and is not a binary state. As another example, not every video can be replaced by its transcript. Thinking in binaries leads to rejecting better-but-not-perfect solutions, such as not rebuilding something to be better for most people because it won't be better (or more accessible) for all people.
by suspended_state | 2025-07-02 13:32:59+00:00
It is very likely that this device works by perceiving and interpreting brain waves. Actually, from the article:

> “We recorded neural activities from single neurons, which is the highest resolution of information we can get from our brain,” Wairagkar says. The signal registered by the electrodes was then sent to an AI algorithm called a neural decoder that deciphered those signals and extracted speech features such as pitch or voicing.
by ben_w | 2025-07-02 13:33:27+00:00
Falsified by the global economic growth in the period between Adam Smith and Karl Marx.

Once we reach the end of the road for further invention and improvements (even if that is in the form of our own capacity and theoretically there's more), that's when capitalism becomes zero sum. Until than point, capitalism is a way of distributing more resources to people who are better at finding those improvements.
by simonw | 2025-07-02 13:34:15+00:00
I had great success with o4-mini via ChatGPT for they kind of upgrade, since of can use its search tool to look up what's changed.

I used this prompt a few weeks ago:

> This code needs to be upgraded to the new recommended JavaScript library from Google. Figure out what that is and then look up enough documentation to port this code to it.

https://simonwillison.net/2025/Apr/21/ai-assisted-search/#la...
by bluGill | 2025-07-02 13:34:46+00:00
Textiles are something that we cannot automate with current technology. We know how to automate plastics and metals. You can buy off the shelf injection molding machines (3d printers too, but they are rarely used in production). You can buy off the shelf machines to cut and form metals. Even things like steel mills are automated with custom equipment. But sewing two pieces of cloth together is beyond current automation, and thus there is a lot of manual labor.

In the US (and Europe) manual labor is expensive, so to make something you need a lot of automation. Once it is automated the next step is enough volume to pay for the automation (which needs expensive engineers).

Of course maybe this will change. Basic textiles were one of the first things we automated 300+ years ago, but we are only able to go from a bunch of cotton to a bolt of fabric today. As I write this making a shirt (or dog bed as this story) seems beyond what we can automate. Maybe a little investment will fix that, maybe not. I'm not an automation engineer so I can't tell you how solvable the problems are.
by tempfile | 2025-07-02 13:34:53+00:00
I don't think this is right. The WCAG allows for "programmatically determined link context" which includes text surrounding the actual link. "click here" is bad but "Amaya website" or "Amaya" are fine.

e.g. from the WCAG examples you link to:

> An account registration page requires successful completion of a [Turing test](https://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/) before the registration form can be accessed.