MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by guilhas | 2025-07-18 23:10:45+00:00
I like them both, both interesting, quite similar, both with corner cases

Annoyingly both fail at basic stuff like falling back the graphics card, something Debian had solved 10 years ago, no configs needed, no matter Intel/NVIDIA/AMD. Even without the correct driver or firmware falling back to VESA or fbdev should be a given. Never had so many black screens as now. Even Windows has done better job at giving you a basic resolution while you install the drivers

Or maybe it's just the state of the Linux ecosystem, with the introduction of Wayland and NVIDIA open drivers, causing regressions

Also the unintuitive inverse of traditional package management, where if you want to update one package, all the system updates by default

Which increases the amount of bugs, having frequent updates to a stable system

To make it better you can add 2 channels, and call them nixos-stable v24 nixos-latest v25, keeping most of the system one version down increases stability a lot

Of course the incorporated Grub boot build choices is great to revert back to a working system

I really like the the separation Guix makes on having close source being a concern of a separate project

But both of them are equally easy to install open source only or include proprietary
by AlotOfReading | 2025-07-18 23:11:03+00:00
It's not a fixed chunk of money going into a pot labeled "medi-cal" that gets disbursed (where fungibility would be a very reasonable argument), but literally cost sharing the services associated with the eligible enrollees in each state.

Talking about the common case here, what happens is that the MCOs take money from the state to provide services based on enrollment data. The state takes the enrollment data, divides it up into "federally eligible" and "non-eligible" populations, then splits the costs of the eligible population with the federal government and pays the rest themselves. If more "non-eligible" people get services, the federal share of medicaid payments for MCOs doesn't go up.

Some of the other payments like disproportionate share support the facilities themselves, which undocumented immigrants indirectly benefit from by virtue of use. That's not a significant percentage of the overall though and not what anyone is talking about.
by sshine | 2025-07-18 23:11:15+00:00
> The remaining syntax has a lot of "but why?" where it just seems to do its own thing relative to other languages

Like what?

My list of Nix language nits is relatively small, would like to understand.

One thing that seems under-developed is smart merging. There is // at language level, but then if you want datatype-specific merging, you use functions. That itself is just the power of functional programming. But as it is with untyped languages, you end up doing the same thing slightly different in several places, and a fractal of accidental complexity starts to appear.
Show HN: Castream – Native iOS/Android IRL multistreaming app
by acabralto | 2025-07-18 23:12:24+00:00
Hey HN,

I just launched the iOS version of Castream, a native app that lets you multistream directly from your phone to platforms like Twitch, YouTube, Facebook, and any custom RTMP endpoint. Android has been live for a bit — iOS just went up this week.

This was built to solve the usual pain points of mobile streaming: unreliable apps, no multistream support, or being forced to go through a PC. Castream uses native encoding and streams straight from your phone using real RTMP — no browser wrappers or WebRTC hacks.

Some quick details: • Native iOS and Android apps (hardware-accelerated video/audio encoding) • Multistreaming with your own RTMP keys • Free plan supports 720p to two destinations, up to 5 minutes per stream • Paid plans unlock 1080p, more destinations, unlimited stream time, and other features • Backend is FastAPI, using FFmpeg on-device for muxing/streaming • Built this solo — full stack + native mobile (Swift/Java/Kotlin)

We’re currently getting early sign-ups mostly through organic reach — haven’t spent anything on ads yet, just trying to get real users and feedback.

Links: iOS: https://apps.apple.com/app/castream/id6747093725 Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.castream.ap... Website: https://www.castream.io

Would love any feedback — especially from folks building in video, streaming infra, or native mobile.

Thanks.
by dublin | 2025-07-18 23:12:26+00:00
Correction: Being a Founder is fine. Just make sure you own the company, and are not at the mercy of venture or Private Equity funds. 60% of America's economy is small privately held companies. With the leverage we now have with AI and other advanced tools (CNC, 3D printing, 3PL, etc.), it's never been easier to start your own company - and be able to survive and let your family thrive, if maybe not take over the world...
by dvt | 2025-07-18 23:12:31+00:00
Commutative operations (all of them I think?) are trivially generalized to n-ary operations (in fact, we do this via ∑ and ∏, in the case of addition and multiplication, respectively). You're right that the question of what "operation" we're dealing with here is a bit hazy; but I'd wager that it's probably in the family of the increment operation (N++ === N + 1 = 1 + N) since we're constantly evaluating the next line of code, like the head of a Turing machine.

Edit: maybe it's actually implication? Since the previous line(s) logically imply the next. L_0 → L_1 → L_2 → L_n? Though this is non-commutative. Not sure, it's been a few years since my last metalogic class :P
by homebrewer | 2025-07-18 23:13:28+00:00
Why would it be? AUR is user generated content by definition, you're expected to read and understand every package before using it, which is repeated in documentation ad nauseam. They're very, very explicit about this and that you're on your own when using AUR.

All decent AUR helpers (which arch developers advise against using anyway) force you to read through the packaging script and confirm that you understand it and are fine with what's about to be executed.

It's no more of an issue than someone posting a malware script into e.g. the wiki. Much less obscure than malware in npm or anything like that.
by aidos | 2025-07-18 23:13:43+00:00
I wasn’t totally clear on my original statement. As you point out, the referenced columns in the referenced table need to have a unique constraint and that’s done with a unique index. My understanding is that this ensures there’s no ambiguity as to which row is referenced and allows for efficient enforcement of the FK constraint.

Django automatically creates an index on the referencing table to ensure that joins are fast. The fact that you have the relationship in the ORM means that’s how you’re likely to access the data so it makes perfect sense.

The mental model mismatch I’ve seen is that people appear to think of the relationship as being on the parent object “pointing” at the child table.
by j_timberlake | 2025-07-18 23:15:02+00:00
Yeah that's called Neoclassical economics, I don't doubt it's true.

The question is whether the "shortages, abuse, or other issues" are worse than very-high unemployment scenarios in futures where the value of human labor has dipped below labor costs. It's probably going to get ugly no matter how the government tries to intervene, but it would be great if we knew ahead of time which interventions are better than others.
by remram | 2025-07-18 23:15:11+00:00
This announcement is a little hard to read. They make it seem that the current images under docker.io/bitnami/* get deleted on August 28? But individual chart READMEs seem to say that images will move during a period starting on August 28 and ending two weeks later? But looking at https://hub.docker.com/u/bitnamilegacy images have been copied already?

From ticket https://github.com/bitnami/charts/issues/35164:

> Now – August 28th, 2025: Plan your migration: Update CI/CD pipelines, Helm repos, and image references

> August 28th, 2025: Legacy assets are archived in the Bitnami Legacy repository.

From README https://github.com/bitnami/charts/blob/4973fd08dd7e95398ddcc...:

> Starting August 28th, over two weeks, all existing container images, including older or versioned tags (e.g., 2.50.0, 10.6), will be migrated from the public catalog (docker.io/bitnami) to the “Bitnami Legacy” repository (docker.io/bitnamilegacy), where they will no longer receive updates.

What are users expected to do exactly?
by ASalazarMX | 2025-07-18 23:15:13+00:00
I launch it almost daily. Last Steam (on Linux) proper update was weeks ago. I think a new version of Proton was released like a week ago, though.

It's not a frequent occurrence, unless I have too many games installed, but then those are the downloaded games updating stuff, not Steam. Uninstall the ones you're not going to play in a while if that's becoming a problem.
by very_good_man | 2025-07-18 23:15:51+00:00
This project should actually attain mass adoption. I have not seen a credible objection to the code/simulation overall. So that's good! If the code sucked I'd be the first to hear about it.

I'd like to massively elevate this system. First, I want to see the results of real world Fill/Flush trials. If the F&F deplaning simulation seems credible after these IRL experiments it should be evaluated irl
by vjvjvjvjghv | 2025-07-18 23:16:38+00:00
I think AI will have a huge impact but I don’t see a need to keep up. The current systems are still primitive and I bet in a few years they will be way easier to use and more productive. You can use current tech like phones or cars just fine without having kept up. I don’t see why AI will be different.

In a sense it may be more efficient to ignore the current state for a while and jump on later.
by abxyz | 2025-07-18 23:16:43+00:00
Sure, you can describe it that way if you want but that’s not the spirit of immigration law. A founder of a company (registered in the U.S. or overseas) visiting YC to raise money is not working in the local economy by the spirit of immigration law. A founder who registered a Delaware c-corp through stripe atlas is not working in the U.S. when they go to SF to raise money. That’s what business visas exist for.
by haiku2077 | 2025-07-18 23:17:14+00:00
For very large amounts of data, the cloud provider can hit economies of scale using tape drives ($$$$ to buy a tape drive yourself) or enterprise-class hard drives (very loud + high price of entry if you want redundancy + higher failure rate than other storage). That's why storing data in the slower storage classes in S3 and other object stores is so cheap compared to buying and replacing drives.
by gyrovagueGeist | 2025-07-18 23:18:07+00:00
For people who are interested Kokkos (a C++ library for writing portable kernels) also has a naming scheme for hierarchical parallelism. They use ThreadTeam, Thread (for individual threads within a group), and ThreadVector (for per thread SIMD).

Just commenting to share, personally I have no naming preference but the hierarchal abstractions in general are incredibly useful.
by ceph_ | 2025-07-18 23:18:52+00:00
A relative had this or a similar test come back positive. This sounds like a helpful signal on paper, but in reality it's not always actionable.

They assumed their previous cancer had survived and metastasized. Doctors couldn't find the source. It turned into a waiting game, where they lived with a sword of Damocles over their head. They were retested every few months and monitored. Then after a year the tests the levels dropped off. And the end result was nothing came of it so far.

It's normal to have some amount of pre-cancerous cells get naturally removed by your immune system. And this catches those too.
by uamgeoalsk | 2025-07-18 23:18:55+00:00
The issues you're talking about (surveillance capitalism, the attention economy) aren’t just browser problems. They're systemic societal and economic forces that go far beyond what a browser can fix. People accept surveillance and attention-hacking in every part of their lives: phones, smart TVs, credit cards, physical store visits. Thinking a better browser setup will meaningfully push back against that feels..... extremely optimistic at best. And that's me being quite charitable in my choice of words.

Also, I think it’s worth noting that you seem to be arguing against points no one here is actually making. Most people in this thread — myself included — aren’t claiming Gemini is a replacement for the entire web, or that it can dismantle surveillance capitalism. We’re just discussing a tool that works well for certain use cases.

As bayindirh pointed out in another reply to you:

> Again for the third and last time: I and other people replying to you didn't say Gemini is a replacement to HTTP. It's a neat little protocol which does some things well and used for some use cases, which happens to my main use cases for the thingy called web. > I have no qualms with your choices with views, but to try to portray your confirmation bias as what I and others say is stuffing words to others' mouth and is an insult to people's intelligence.

A conversation only works when people respond to what’s actually being said — not to imagined arguments. I’d really appreciate it if you could take a step back and engage with the points people are making, rather than framing everyone as advocating for something they’re not.
by chaboud | 2025-07-18 23:19:22+00:00
Actual industrial/product use of gold is less than 10%. A massive amount of gold is used for store of wealth. If gold became less scarce, it would be less expensive.

The Washington monument capstone is aluminum because aluminum was expensive in 1884. Now we make beverage containers out of aluminum. (note: I have no intention of using gold for beverage containers... I like my skin not blue)
by _puk | 2025-07-18 23:19:22+00:00
Haven't they already started to regress?

I'm bullish on specific areas improving (I'm sure you could selectively train an LLM on the latest Angular version to replace the majority of front-end devs given enough time and money, it's a limited problem space and a strongly opinionated framework after all), but for the most part enshittification is already starting to happen with the general models.

Nowadays even ChatGPT doesn't bother to even refer to the original question posed after a few responses, so you're left summarising a conversation and starting a new context to get anywhere.

So, yeah, I think we're very much into finding the equilibrium now. Cost vs scale. Exponential improvements won't be in the general LLMs.

Happy to be wrong on this one..
by philipkglass | 2025-07-18 23:19:27+00:00
It's the second lightest natural isotope of mercury, comprising about 10% of natural mercury:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_mercury

Since mercury forms vapor so easily, it should be easily enriched in gas centrifuges like uranium (more easily, actually, since the starting isotopic abundance is higher and the chemistry is simpler). The high price of purified mercury-198 at present is probably due to it being a scientific curiosity with no industrial demand.
by bGl2YW5j | 2025-07-18 23:19:29+00:00
I think the feeling to keep up is simply fear of being left behind. Fear is the same thing driving people to become defensive when others dismiss the idea of needing to keep up, because that undermines their core belief that the new “AI skills” they’ve acquired will keep them safe from job disruption.

It’s also interesting that at the heart of the skill set evolving around efficient LLM use, is communication. Engineers and technical people have been the first to admit for decades that they struggle with effective communication. Now everyone’s an expert orator, capable of describing in phenomenal detail to the LLM what they need from it?

Not worrying about all this feels so much better!

This week I saw a video of a robot assembling PCBs at lightning speed. This reminded me a lot of an LLM coding for us, but there are still numerous people in the production line to design, oversee and manage this kind of production. Software engineering is changing but not going.
by csa | 2025-07-18 23:19:46+00:00
> I was thinking of other things like how companies want to replace customer service, claims processing, etc. where efficiency improvements pretty directly translate into job losses

Given that most of my recent experiences with the tier 1 versions of these folks are people in developing countries who can barely read off of a script, I don’t think that I will miss them.

Put any of the good ones (and there are some good ones) into tier 2 positions and give them a raise.
by LinguaBrowse | 2025-07-18 23:20:39+00:00
During my research internship, I met many PhD students whose labs simply ran out of funding. In some cases, they'd ended up having to scrap their PhD as the topic was too specialist to do anywhere else (e.g. requires a high level of biocontainment) and nobody wanted to fund it.

I think if you got three years into a PhD and were faced with the prospect of starting it all over again in another lab, it wouldn't take much to convince you to throw in the towel and do something else instead.
by sadcodemonkey | 2025-07-18 23:20:41+00:00
I worked at a university library for a few short years in the 2010s. Reading your comment helped me make sense of some of the experiences I had there. I still try to keep on top of some of the trends, with the vague hope of working in that field again one day.

I'm curious what some of the "quirky/innovative smaller projects that no longer exist" are, if you're inclined to go into some details. Or if you could point to a good resource on this somewhere. A lot of technology projects in the library space seem to reinvent the wheel over and over, so I think such a list is very valuable.
by sugarpimpdorsey | 2025-07-18 23:22:06+00:00
This isn't really true.

MS uses three separate CA's to sign Windows boot loaders, third party bootloaders (including Linux bootloaders) and UEFI Option ROMs.

In theory, no manufacturer has to install all three as trusted. But it makes no business sense to do so - why have two separate hardware SKUs for the sole purpose of lock-in? Once word got out no one would buy from that manufacturer.
by miohtama | 2025-07-18 23:22:36+00:00
Visa/MasterCard porn ban was driven by American extremist Christian organisation called Exodus Cry, which is also anti-gay, etc.

https://screenshot-media.com/politics/human-rights/pornhub-p...

Exodus Cry leader was later fired for sexual misconduct

https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-commentary/anti...

Trump changed banking regulations so that "reputation" can no longer be a reason for banks to "derisk" customers after crypto industry outcry, but the reason to exit customers must be factual money laundering or similar reason. But the change does concern cards, as payments are not under FDIC surveillance.
by puzzlingcaptcha | 2025-07-18 23:22:41+00:00
AAV based therapies may have no permanent effect when the cells in question are actively proliferating (and the payload dilutes with each division) but muscle tissue is largely post-mitotic.

mRNA is in comparison very transient (in the range of days, and that's being charitable), even when modified (5' cap, uridine analogs, poly(A) tail) as it was in COVID vaccines. This is fine for vaccines, as you essentially want just a single exposure to the protein with each vaccine dose. You do need dystrophin continuously though (even though the cells are not dividing much, they are still recycling it).

You could argue for delivering gene therapy with mRNA/NLPs in multiple doses over the course of patient's life but that would likely 1) exacerbate toxicity and 2) be super-expensive
by Guid_NewGuid | 2025-07-18 23:23:15+00:00
Ultimately you end up in an abstract or values based discussion either way though.

Your question, is the world better off, is impossible to answer in a manner that isn't based in conjecture I feel. Would people not feel the urge to create with a 20 year copyright term? 7 years? 90? zero? Aren't some of the most valuable pieces of software in terms of social good open source? What drives the creation of those?

The closest we have to a counterfactual of the current US based intellectual property hegemony is probably China, who are renowned for their lack of scruples in this matter. Isn't some part of their supercharged technical progress based off willingness to ignore IP? How much? Is California's ban on non competes partially responsible for it's innovative tech sector?

These are all fuzzy questions that are difficult to answer and you end up approaching them with values judgements in mind.

So to restate mine without that controversial phrase; the more people that can access and share information and knowledge the more we unlock the possibility of progress and improvement for the greatest number of people.
by hardwaresofton | 2025-07-18 23:23:23+00:00
Guix SD will never catch on as long as they force non-systemd management. I don’t care to try Shepherd. Systemd is good enough and it has won.

> I had to use nonguix to get internet working on the machine, which had very immediate technical effects that bring me to

Stuff like this will

The main reasons I’m interested in guix:

- it uses a known-good language (lisp)

- IIRC it is more repeatable (the contents used in derivations play into the hash).

- It has a full source bootstrap

Maybe someone with a focus on improving UX needs to build one of these afresh.
by homebrewer | 2025-07-18 23:23:29+00:00
I agree, it's much better in Ubuntu land where you simply won't have the software at all, will shrug your shoulders and go on with your life.

AUR helpers make reviewing changes to AUR packages a trivial matter that takes about 2 minutes of my life per month. In exchange I get easy access to software that isn't packaged for Ubuntu and probably never will be, because building debs and going through the process of upstreaming them is roughly comparable to getting a PhD (if anyone is even interested in your debs, which they probably won't be).
by dooglius | 2025-07-18 23:24:32+00:00
Commutativity is a much weaker claim because one is totally before or after the other. e.g. AB may commute with C so ABC=CAB but it is not necessarily the case that this equals ACB. With asynchrony you are guaranteed ABC=ACB=CAB. (There may be an exisiting mathematical term for this but I don't know it)
by akerl_ | 2025-07-18 23:24:51+00:00
This feels like a non-sequitur.

Yes, the AUR is user-provided content. Yes, system administrators are responsible for being aware of what they’re installing. You can find many comments from me on this page discussing that.

An attacker being detected using an official service hosted by Archlinux for user-managed packages to push malware is still noteworthy.
by leereeves | 2025-07-18 23:26:30+00:00
That's right, they use N1-Methylpseudouridine instead of uridine (the nucleoside contained in uracil, which is the U in mRNA sequences) to last a bit longer (but not forever) and to avoid triggering immune reactions to the mRNA itself (the immune system can detect foreign mRNA).

Certainly the vaccine's mRNA sequence breaks down into separate nucleotides. If it did not, continued production of the antigens would cause a chronic immune reaction and/or immune exhaustion that would make the vaccine ineffective.

I don't know what happens to the N1-Methylpseudouridine though. That's an interesting question.
by throw0101c | 2025-07-18 23:26:57+00:00
> Because everyone and their mother are labeling regular data centers as AI data centers.

Companies (generally) build things with an expectation for a return on their investment: what "regular" data centre usage would necessitate these kind of build-outs?

To sell more Postgres or WordPress VMs/instances? Is that being used to justify the spending in shareholder conference calls and regulatory filings?