MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by jmyeet | 2025-07-20 16:15:34+00:00
The US spends far more per-capita on healthcare than other OECD nations [1] and has objectively less coverage and worse outcomes [2].

Buying up property then leasing it back is straight from the private equity playbook. It almost always ends badly. And it's driving up the cost of everything. Hospitals, vets, housing, etc.

At some point you have to realize that the only innovation under capitalism is building enclosures and rent-seeking.

Whereas in China, a command economy, they've built 20,000km+ of high speed rail in <20 years and just unveiled a 600kmh maglev train (note: that's faster than commercial aircraft) that will go from beijing to Shangai, over 1000km, in 2.5 hours.

The US government, regardless of party, operates to transfer wealth from the young and poor to the old and wealthy, and the "old" part is on shaky ground. And it can't go on like this.

I think by 2100 we'll see a collapse of this system, the kind that ends in land reform, guillotines, nationalization and sovereign debt default.

[1]: https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-collection/health-...

[2]: https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2...
by consumer451 | 2025-07-20 16:16:02+00:00
I use LLM dev tools, and even have Supabase MCP running. I love these tools. They allowed me to create a SaaS product on my own, that I had no chance of creating otherwise as a long out of practice dev.

However, we are nowhere near the reliability of these tools to be able to:

1. Connect an MCP to a production database

2. Use database MCPs without a --read-only flag set, even on non-prod DBs

3. Doing any LLM based dev on prod/main. This obviously also applies to humans.

It's crazy to me that basic workflows like this are not enforced by all these LLM tools as they will save our mutual bacon. Are there any tools that do enforce using these concepts?

It feels like decision makers at these orgs are high on their own marketing, and are not putting necessary guardrails on their own tools.

Edit: Wait, even if we had AGI, wouldn't we still need things like feature branches and preview servers? Maybe the issue is that these are just crappy early tools missing a ton of features, and nothing to do with the reliability and power of LLMs?
by maxlin | 2025-07-20 16:16:31+00:00
This article will age so badly lol.

Tesla's architecture is the only one of the robotaxi providers which actually _can_ scale. Not being dependent on exact HD maps, having the same standard as humans do "if you can see enough to drive" means eventually there'll be scant roads Robotaxi can't serve. By this strength it'll serve in areas that would never work for LIDAR/pre-HD-mapping requiring solutions
by oDot | 2025-07-20 16:16:38+00:00
I have been looking for a designer for Nestful[0] for a while now, and although I could find very talented designers, they all look to be doing the same kind of thing.

You mentioned originality but to me it all looks like whatever the current trend is on repeat. I know that this may be a result of client demands but in the end it makes it very hard to judge if the designer can communicate and introduce design flare unique to Nestful, or if they are just very talented on executing preexisting ideas.

[0]: https://nestful.app
by nicwolff | 2025-07-20 16:16:43+00:00
Why can't AIs make ASCII art boxes line up?

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Flux Architecture │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ │ │ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ │ │ │ Producer │ │ Producer │ │ Producer │ │ │ │ (P1) │ │ (P2) │ │ (P3) │ │ │ └─────┬───────┘ └─────┬───────┘ └─────┬───────┘ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └──────────────────┼──────────────────┘ │ │ │ │ │ ┌──────▼──────┐ │ │ │ Ring Buffer │ ← Lock-free, zero-copy │ │ │ (1M slots) │ cache-line aligned │ │ └──────┬──────┘ │ │ │ │ │ ┌──────────────────┼──────────────────┐ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ┌─────▼──────┐ ┌─────▼──────┐ ┌─────▼──────┐ │ │ │ Consumer │ │ Consumer │ │ Consumer │ │ │ │ (C1) │ │ (C2) │ │ (C3) │ │ │ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ └────────────┘ │ │ │ │ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ │ │ Performance Optimizations │ │ │ │ • SIMD (NEON/AVX2) data copy │ │ │ │ • Hardware CRC32 (ARM/x86) │ │ │ │ • NUMA-aware allocation (Linux) │ │ │ │ • Huge pages + io_uring (Linux) │ │ │ │ • Cache-line padding + prefetching │ │ │ │ • Batch processing (8K-128K slots) │ │ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ │ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
by iwontberude | 2025-07-20 16:16:53+00:00
Exactly, if the program has less than 100 units or so of logic then it’s going to be a pretty good time so long as you aren’t working with very obscure/private dependencies.

The problems begin when integrating hundreds of units prompted by different people or when writing for work which is both prolific and secret. The context is too limited even with RAG, one would need to train a model filled with secret information.

So basically non-commercial use is the killer app thus far for Claude code. I am sure there are some business people who are not happy about this.
by privatelypublic | 2025-07-20 16:17:36+00:00
I'm coming back to note: die shrinks, density increase, and frequency increases- while keeping costs from going out of control all work together to make rowhammer inevitable. I maintain they knew about it, dismissed it as impractical, tested if it was a concern in normal usage... and were surprised + hobbled by their pants, when a PoC hit the public.

I'm not versed in silicon fabrication to know if theres ameliorations involved past what hit the press near 20 years ago now. But, while deep diving modern DRAM for an idea, its shocking how small a change is needed to corrupt a Bit in DRAM.
by thegrim33 | 2025-07-20 16:18:25+00:00
Of course this will be an unpopular comment, but when it comes to things like this .. have you ever simply looked up the total net worth of all billionaires in the UK, and divided it by the total number of people living in the UK? Like .. you need to do one single division between two numbers to prove that your idea of just "seizing and redistributing the rich people's wealth" will accomplish nothing you think it will. A single division is all it takes.
by ck2 | 2025-07-20 16:18:43+00:00
Well that's now their second biggest problem

13 Million people about to lose insurance

and ACA premiums about to double so people will drop that too to buy food/rent

means America is returning to emergency-room as primary care with unpaid massive bills so many, many hospitals will close

We're basically going to ride this broken system into the ground

ie. bridges are never repaired in USA until they completely collapse
by majewsky | 2025-07-20 16:19:38+00:00
Every time I've seen XSLT deployed, it was "that one hairball that no one besides the original author dares to touch". I'm not sure what it is about the technology, but it seems to either inevitably desolve into a complex mess or attract complexity fetishists. Either way, not something that would be an obvious choice for what OP is going for.
by darkhorse222 | 2025-07-20 16:19:55+00:00
That's an appeal to authority. Either make an argument for why his reasoning is good or don't. But don't appeal to someone's reputation.

That being said, I do think what the parent commenter is missing is that those other modes require significant investment. With cars you get profit and can scale one by one. So less up front investment. Should do nicely in all sorts of cities.
by jfk13 | 2025-07-20 16:20:17+00:00
An example worth considering is TeX, which is now 43 years old (considering only TeX82; the earlier TeX78 was a substantially different piece of software). There has been some maintenance over the years, it's true, including a few feature additions in 1990 (TeX 3.0), but I would suggest it has shown itself to be extremely durable.
by jebarker | 2025-07-20 16:20:47+00:00
If you speak with vegetarians/vegans who have been raised that way and never eaten meat you will find many that are repulsed by it. Nurture seems to be able to override nature here and, as far as I’m aware, there’s no strong evidence that we’re born with an inherent taste for meat, we’re just born with bodies that need certain nutrients that are easily obtained from meat but can be found elsewhere.
by bawana | 2025-07-20 16:20:58+00:00
At what point does LLM output become more expensive than search? For example, the author made protocollie. Could the LLM gather all similar apps that are already written to solve the prompt that birthed it,, and then simply provide THOSE apps iinstead of figuring out how to code it anew? Sounds like this could be a moat that only hyperscalars could implement and woould reduce their energy requirements drastically.
by WarOnPrivacy | 2025-07-20 16:21:34+00:00
> Now, I'm sure you object to all of these as examples of men being marginalized,

Sure. Because they aren't examples of men being marginalized. Negative outcomes flow from all kinds of counterproductive dynamics.

You offered up some imagined reasons for my belief and followed that up with imagined reasons for your imagined reasons.

The causes for my beliefs are straightforward. I believe what I have observed.
by oersted | 2025-07-20 16:21:34+00:00
I agree with your take on public transport, but I don't understand your point.

Tesla's robotaxis are not trying to replace public transport, they are trying to replace taxis, and eventually private cars. Uber made taxis more accessible and it scaled plenty, perhaps Tesla can do the same thing, in principle, with another degree of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. If anything, they may reduce the number of cars on the streets if more of them are shared.

I haven't yet formed a strong opinion on the viability of their vision, but that's beside the point.

Public transport is the last thing they will replace, and it is to a large degree complementary just like it has been for the last century. Public transport is of course far more efficient if you are willing to sacrifice a bit of immediacy and, well, interacting with the public. For the rest there's the private transport option, with various degrees of who drives and how much you own the car, that's where Tesla is aiming.
by the_af | 2025-07-20 16:21:56+00:00
Ok, ok, it's indeed an engine of sorts. And I am arguing in good faith.

I'm not familiar with Celeste and I cannot be sure it's one of the most popular indie games of the last decade (I read that it was a hit, good for Noel because it seems like a cool game), but regardless, it's a very specific kind of game! Mostly of the kind I've argued "writing the game" and "writing the engine" is almost the same thing. Nobody is making the argument you must always use an existing engine; only that it's what makes sense as the default option.

> Please read the context of the thread

If you've read my other comments, you know I'm aware of the context of the thread.

> He's not arguing against anything. He's advocating for writing your own engine.

Oh please. Advocating for a thing and arguing against not doing the thing are two sides of the same coin.
by RainyDayTmrw | 2025-07-20 16:22:12+00:00
Asset stripping is evil. I think we should have more regulations against asset stripping. How would those regulations be written, though?

In my opinion, as a lay person who reads the news, asset stripping seems to be a way of "hacking the system" - doing a series of things, individually permissible by the rules, to achieve personal gain at the cost of social harm. I think, we should forbid dumping negative externalities on people. But which step is the actual wrong?
by ragequittah | 2025-07-20 16:23:07+00:00
This is easily solved by feeding the LLM the correct documentation. I was having problems with tailwind because of this right up until I had ChatGPT deep research come up with a spec sheet on how to use the latest version of it. Fed it into the various AIs I've been using (worked for ChatGPT, Claude, and Cursor) and no problems since.
by torginus | 2025-07-20 16:23:19+00:00
> What you want is a digital video standard that simply pushes an A/V stream over the wire

HDMI is just that - it's the direct evolution of VGA signaling, with each color channel pushing pixels left-to-right top-to-bottom, it even has blanking periods (periods where there's no pixel info transmitted, used to steer back the electron beam on CRTs to the start of the row/column), same EDID format negotiation over I2C, the works.

What makes it crap is the absolute flood of cheap garbage HDMI cables/repeaters/KVMs which barely work even at the best of times and shouldn't be even allowed to be solved, as they are out of spec, but online vendors have flooded their stores with this cheap no-name garbage for some reason.

Unfortunately, the apparent build quality of the cable, or the price mean nothing when trying to get a working one.
Show HN: Open LLM Spec – Standardizing inputs and outputs across providers
by gpt4o | 2025-07-20 16:23:30+00:00
Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, Claude, and Gemini all have different API formats.

Inputs (requests) vary (prompt structure, temperature, top_p, etc.), and outputs (responses) also differ (metadata, reasoning, error handling). If you want to switch providers or build cross-LLM tooling, you need lots of custom adapters.

Open LLM Specification (OLLS) is an open, community-driven attempt to standardize both inputs & outputs for LLMs.

Example:

json

// Standardized input { "model": "gpt-4o", "task": "question_answering", "prompt": "What is the capital of France?", "parameters": { "temperature": 0.7 } }

// Standardized output { "content": "The capital of France is Paris.", "metadata": { "tokens_used": 123, "confidence": 0.95 } }

The goal is vendor-neutral interoperability—making it easier to:

Switch between LLM providers without rewriting code

Parse outputs consistently

Build universal middleware & tooling

We’re looking for contributors! Anyone can join the discussion, suggest fields, or share real-world needs.

Repo: https://github.com/julurisaichandu/open-llm-specification

Would love feedback from developers working with multiple LLMs. What fields/structures do you think should be mandatory vs optional?

Let’s make LLMs easier to work with across providers.
by appreciatorBus | 2025-07-20 16:23:41+00:00
Most of the land consumed by vehicle operation is not consumed by the vehicle itself, but by the headway in front of the vehicle that’s necessary for safe operation at a given velocity.

For instance, at 0 mph, car might be 20 feet long and occupy a 10 foot wide lane, for a total land consumption of 200 ft². However, at 60 mph using the two second rule for safe following distance it needs an extra 240 feet of distance for a total land consumption of 2600 ft.².

By limiting your one seat golf carts to 30 mph, you’ll certainly need less headway then something people expect to operate at 60 or 70 mph, but it will still be much larger footprint than simply the vehicle itself.

Of course, this is true of other vehicles, including buses and trains, but they get to divide that land consumption by the number of people inside, making the comparison much more favourable.

IMO Better than arguing about what type of vehicles people should and shouldn’t use, we should simply stop giving away public land for vehicles as if it’s free. Require the public, as owners of the land, be reimbursed for land consumed by private vehicles, including headway. If you’re Elon Musk and you’re terrified of strangers on transit, that’s fine. You just have to reimburse the public for the extra land required to travel alone in your robot car.
by gpt4o | 2025-07-20 16:23:44+00:00
LLM APIs are all different.

Open LLM Specification (OLLS) is an attempt to standardize request & response formats for GPT, Claude, Gemini, etc. → [GitHub Link]

Example:

Standardized input → prompt, params, context

Standardized output → content, reasoning, metadata, error codes

Goal: Make it easier to switch providers & build universal tooling.

Looking for feedback + contributors!
by zozbot234 | 2025-07-20 16:24:44+00:00
If I had to pick a language that's "as significant as Java", I'd pick Golang way before Rust - and Golang has found significant success. The first genuinely usable version of Rust was only out in late 2018, so it's way too early to argue about its slow and "creeping" adoption curve.

> The second point is its easy to underestimate the dominance of Microsoft in those days. You think that Microsoft is dominant today, well, that's nothing compared to the late 1990's. Microsoft's market share was closer to 95% for the PC market.

By the late 1990s Linux had become a viable platform for a whole lot of things, and people were beginning to take notice. Most obviously, that probably put a big dent into the adoption of Windows NT as a server OS on x86 machines, which had been progressing quite well until the mid 1990s. That also probably helped Java because it meant you could seamlessly run your server workloads on "toy" x86 machines or on more "serious" platforms, without changing anything else.
by vidarh | 2025-07-20 16:24:49+00:00
> - What living creature is using wheels to move around?

A human driving a car.

I agree with you that sometimes non-natural situations are easier and can absolutely be better, but the point of bringing up humans is generally to show that it demonstrably is possible to do at least as well as humans, with humans as an existence proof.

But that it might well take too long and cost too much to get there, and that it might well in the end be cheaper and better to use additional types of sensors is a good point.
by smt88 | 2025-07-20 16:24:54+00:00
Why does it matter if they've always been present?

Children were historically used as slaves and retirement plans. As economies become more advanced, families need less of both of those things.

So a major economic benefit of having kids is gone and women are more afraid of the risks.

Telling someone "X was worse in the past" doesn't make them suddenly stop worrying about it.
by renewiltord | 2025-07-20 16:25:04+00:00
It’s actually not that much easier. Putting cars on the road with digital dispatch means that the cost to route is near zero. But getting efficient allocation for buses is very hard.

You need high frequency for urban transit to work. A single line at once per fifteen minutes is 48 bus visits at each stop in a 12 hr day.

Just try it. Put 100 buses in Austin in some sim. You won’t get 100 people in them. SF is 49 sq mi with 800k people. Second densest city in America. 1200 buses.

It’s a doomed proposition with 100 buses.
by DennisP | 2025-07-20 16:25:23+00:00
Conflicting data is an issue even when you just have lidar, and it's not hard to deal with.

The cofounder of Waymo taught one of the first Udacity courses on this subject. He went through a small Python project that processed lidar point clouds for self-driving. The data is noisy, you get conflicting information from different points, and the code aggregates all that into the most likely 3D model of the world.

Additional sensor inputs are just more of the same, and neural nets are pretty good at this sort of thing. They'd even learn which sensors are more reliable in different scenarios.

As for "more data isn't always better," I've mostly seen that applied to training, not inference in real-time control systems. Even for training, it turned out people had been fooled by a local maximum, and once past that, more data really was better.
by simgt | 2025-07-20 16:25:42+00:00
> I see fare hoppers, people blasting loud music, shouting incoherently or doing drugs - and I probably see one of those every time I ride

It has very little to do with public transports and everything to do with our declining western societies. I've never witnessed any of these in any part of developed Asia I know of...

> Perhaps another solution is needed.

Reducing inequalities, funding education, local police, etc. all seem like a more sustainable way forward than shielding ourselves from the shit in a robotaxi...
by Jcampuzano2 | 2025-07-20 16:26:23+00:00
The fact that at one point there were over 80% odds of a full rollout within this year shows how delusional some people are.

I own a Tesla, I use FSD all the time. It is nowhere near viable enough yet to release it unsupervised to the masses with no driver at the wheel.

I have also ridden in Waymos and felt way more comfortable with how it drives. It's in a different league.
by nailer | 2025-07-20 16:26:45+00:00
I’m a professional programmer now, but I was not in the early 2000s and I remember looking at my girlfriend’s computer science book. I saw the unnecessary boiler plate and leaky abstractions of 90s style OOP and wasn’t sure if I was wrong or ‘serious’ programming had become insane. It was nearly a decade before I worked out the Java had nothing to do with the Alan Kay’s original concept of OOP and the rest of the industry started to abandon it.
by wizzwizz4 | 2025-07-20 16:29:18+00:00
Individual cases are interesting. For example, Wikipedia says this of E122:

> In the US, this color was listed in 1939 as Ext. D&C Red No. 10 for use in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. It was delisted in 1963 because no party was interested in supporting the studies needed to establish safety. It was not used in food in the US.

> Azorubine has shown no evidence of mutagenic or carcinogenic properties and an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0–4 mg/kg was established in 1983 by the WHO.

Wikipedia's article on E180 is a stub. Wikipedia's article on E105 says it's now banned in both the US and EU, but it doesn't say when it was banned: did the US ever approve it?
by jaybrendansmith | 2025-07-20 16:29:26+00:00
Agree. If this was the movie studios, or the record industry, then this kind of creative destruction would be ok, but we are talking about regulatory arbitrage and financialization leading to a market failure, and in this case it is our health system. Traveling 50-75 miles to the nearest ER will most often just lead to death. This is perhaps the most basic service a modern economy can provide ... third world countries will have better options than many US citizens.
by triceratops | 2025-07-20 16:29:44+00:00
I'm not opposed to congestion pricing. I think it is inevitable as self-driving technology becomes widespread. Robodrivers remove the pain of being stuck in traffic. So you need something else to prevent forever traffic jams.

> buses and trains, but they get to divide that land consumption by the number of people inside, making the comparison much more favourable

Buses and trains rarely run completely full. A one-seater golf cart is a "bus" that runs at 100% occupancy.
by WillAdams | 2025-07-20 16:30:09+00:00
At the heart of this are two wildly different technologies:

- Literate Programming which was developed so as to work around limitations of the Pascal development stack as it existed when the project was begun: http://literateprogramming.com/

- web2c which allows converting .web source into a format which may be compiled by pretty much _any_ C compiler

LP was described by Knuth as more important than TeX, but it suffers a bit from folks not understanding that it's not so much documentation (if it were, then _The TeXbook_ would be the typeset source of plain.tex) as code commentary only useful to developers working to extend/make use of the application --- there really does need to be some sort of system for manual documentation, but I suspect that it will continue to be a talented technical writer for the foreseeable future.
by maxlin | 2025-07-20 16:31:01+00:00
You're immediately proven untrue: https://x.com/Tesla/status/1793561959734051273?referrer=grok...

And the links don't even touch on things that are comparable lol. Waymo might keep all the data themselves as they own the cars, while with Teslas, the drivers can and will just grab the camera data themselves, many post it YouTube.