MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by rep_lodsb | 2025-07-17 07:42:23+00:00
>Intel/AMD difference on IP rollover

Never read about this before, but the explanation in the wiki seems made up to me. The way it's described makes it sound like yet another legacy "feature" that's been there forever, but older x86 CPUs did not (generally) behave like this.

The 8086 (and 186) did wrap around of course, because they had no memory protection and only 20 address lines. But I know for a fact that the 286 would fault and invoke interrupt 0Dh [1][2]. I'm fairly certain the 386 did so as well. Segment limits are enforced even in real mode, and at reset they are initialized to 64K. Or is the CPU already in protected mode, and segment limit set to 4G? In that case Intel and AMD might differ. (The 286 was 16-bit, so 64K was the maximum there. Arguably, the "correct" behavior for 386+ would be to do the same thing when the limit is 4G)

What it says about opcode FFFFh however is even more likely to be wrong. That opcode has always been undefined, only the original 8086/8088 ("1970s stuff") would execute it, but as PUSH DI instead of NOP. It's not impossible that Intel made the decision to interpret it as NOP in some later generation, without ever documenting it. But I just tried this on my modern-ish Intel machine, and it aborted with "Illegal instruction".

[1] third post in https://forum.vcfed.org/index.php?threads/286-cpu-experiment...

[2] also note it isn't a double fault (interrupt 8). And shutdown occurs on a "triple fault", i.e. when the CPU fails to invoke the double fault handler.
by barbs | 2025-07-17 07:42:37+00:00
I'm still on my first gen iPhone SE. Thankfully the apps I use are mostly compatible, and I just use web versions for everything else. Have replaced the battery and screen a few times each.

This phone looks like it might be good replacement but it could also be a bit dodgy. I'm going to wait a bit for reviews before considering buying it https://aiphor.com/products/bluefox-nx1-4-0-android-smartpho...
by tialaramex | 2025-07-17 07:43:25+00:00
If Ginger Bill thinks some niche feature might be useful then baking it into Odin is "batteries included" if not, having it would be anti-DIY. This is very much Bill's language. If what you're looking for is that auteur stamp you won't find it in C or Rust or Typescript but you will find it in languages like Jai, Odin, Hare, maybe Zig.

If that creator's vibe happens to match yours this could be beautiful, at least for personal projects. It's hard to imagine this scaling. A triple A studio hiring panel: "You've applied for a job but we write only Jai here. We notice you haven't submitted any obsessive fan art about Jonathan Blow. Maybe talk us through the moment you realised he was right about everything?"
by npteljes | 2025-07-17 07:44:03+00:00
That's more like how the world is said to be working, but not how it actually works. There is a huge difference between how people express their tolerance and expectations and what they actually okay with, with no extra internal feelings. It really would be incredibly rude to say much more, and so it's not said, but it's all there in inside, coded in unspoken feelings and expectations.

I'd like to draw a parallel with disability. I don't think anyone in their right mind would express that they actively work against people with disabilities, and I'm sure most people would express support if asked directly. But this doesn't translate to actually accessible infrastructure and culture. That takes a lot of special work - and regulation actually, without which the work wouldn't have happened.

All this to say that intentions and expressions are a great first step, but there is much more to acceptance than that.
by Quarrel | 2025-07-17 07:44:29+00:00
That may be, but meanwhile, these companies make a lot of money operating in Europe, so they need to follow the law.

I think some of it is out of touch (omg, the cookie alerts!), but being able to understand what data a company retains about its users, and making that available to individuals if they ask, is probably one I agree with. Most of us don't need to know, most of the time, but the fact that people will occasionally audit this information is good for both users and the companies.
by cookiengineer | 2025-07-17 07:45:27+00:00
I'm organizing a self help group for autistic/AuDHD/ADHD people and over the years I've realized that a lot of things that bother our members are based on interpretations of social contracts.

"Normal" people (whatever that means) tend to forget things quite quickly, and for us it's really hard when states change and contracts change. Meaning that if e.g. in a discussion 3 months ago we casually agreed upon "I do task X and you do task Y" then this will be the assumed state for autistic people until the end of time, because that's what we agreed upon.

When other people at work communicate their feelings, have a bad day and don't want to do those things, or are just lazy about it... Then this is a breach of a social contract. And dealing with those breaches of social contracts without getting very defensive about it is a huge problem for a lot of autistic people I've spoken with. We tend to spiral quickly into a defensive argument that won't help either involved parties and it tends to escalate into a "mudfight" instead of a rational debate.

I just wish that a lot of therapy would help prepare you for these situations of misunderstood (or misagreed upon) situations more. You can compensate for them to a small degree, but they put a lot of stress and burden on us because it's quite a big deal if the state of assumptions changes without having a discussional part in it.

Additionally, talking in conversations about the assumed outcome first before you get into detail helps a lot. Do you need emotional support? Do you want to feel that we are together in this? Do you need a practical solution? Do you need a change in what we agreed upon?

This way we can prepare much easier for what's about to come in the following discussion, and we realize it's not about critique and rather about finding a mutual compromise that both parties are happy with.

Also don't use sayings like "you always do X" or "you never do X" in those conversations when it is not always, because autistic people tend to interpret these as accusations very quickly because to us they sound excessive and are huge trigger points, because they are essentially lies.

If you say instead something like "I feel like you do never X" or even better "I feel like I am alone doing X, can you help me more with it in the future?" we can realize that it's more about the perception and how to improve our contributions, because we can keep the discussion about the actual topic underneath which is "How to balance each party's contributions to the task at hand".
by rkrisztian | 2025-07-17 07:45:29+00:00
Please read the article again, he does explain the torture:

> our phones make us feel powerless; as if we must fight our devices to get anything done. There’s a constant barrage of notifications, and by the time you have dealt with them, chances are you have forgotten what you wanted to do in the first place. Then there is Gemini, Google’s artificial intelligence bot, which won’t leave you alone. Press the home (middle) button for half a second too long, and it pops up, offering to “assist” you.

The closed-source part has been explained too, as it links another article: https://www.osnews.com/story/142553/rumour-google-intends-to...

"The Android Open Source Project has been gutted over the years, with Google leaving more and more parts of it to languish, while moving a lot of code and functionality into proprietary components like Google Mobile Services and Google Play Services. Taking “Pixel Android” closed source almost feels like the natural next step in the process of gutting AOSP that’s been ongoing for well over a decade."
by berkes | 2025-07-17 07:45:48+00:00
I've used thunderbird for over 20 years and used many others inbetween: sylpheed, the bat, evolution, kmail, Pegasus.

I still have Thunderbird installed and configured for the odd "advanced task", but my daily driver has been Geary for over 10 years now. Precisely because its so much better looking than thunderbird.

Looks, done properly, are an important part of a good UX. For me, less clutter, more whitespace, clearer focus, works far better than the "widgets thrown onto a square" that Thunderbird is (I have ADHD, it may contribute to this preference for clean, simple, focused design)
by Duanemclemore | 2025-07-17 07:46:10+00:00
This is pretty rad.

I'm surprised no one's made a CEEFAX replica for the terminal yet [0]. Their weather page is pretty iconic [1].

[0] There are CEEFAX Emulators online that pull from the BBC RSS feeds to do this.

[1] https://teletextart.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/weather...
by spauldo | 2025-07-17 07:48:13+00:00
We might have issues with bone loss in low-g environments, we might not. The point is that we don't know. These are human beings we'll be sending. Taking a chance on "it'll probably be all right" just isn't acceptable.

And that's just one single issue out of thousands that needs to be resolved before we can start having people live off-Earth. Most of it is stuff we just don't know how to do. You're trying to build a rail network with iron-age know-how. We can't even get to the moon right now, much less build a Mars outpost.

And while it's true that testing stuff on Mars would be ideal, Mars is too far away. You can't respond to emergencies. You can't quickly iterate designs for systems. You can't easily commercialize tourism. If we build bases on the moon first, we can be much better prepared to take that larger step to Mars. Sure, send a couple Apollo-style "plant a flag, take pictures, hit a golf ball, go home" missions using professional astronauts, then maybe a few missions where you have a lab on the ground and you stay for a month. But if you're sending people to stay, you need to be very sure they aren't going to die on you. Dead astronauts are heroes. Dead colonists are a tragedy, and an excuse that will be used to justify never going there again. If we can keep a permanent settlement alive on the moon, Mars will be that much easier.

Either way, there's still a lot that needs figured out first. The book outlines just a small fraction of what needs to be done. A good chunk of that will happen here on Earth. Some will happen in orbit. Some will happen on the moon. And eventually, some will happen on Mars. And it'll be fucking cool! Seriously, space stuff is fun to geek out on. Lots of interesting problems to solve. If it was easy, it'd be boring.
by vanderZwan | 2025-07-17 07:48:33+00:00
> In 2024, researchers led by Atasi Chakraborty, a member of Šmejkal’s research group, demonstrated that applying compressive strain to rhenium dioxide – long known to be an antiferromagnet – triggers a transition into an altermagnetic state.

> What’s more, a trio of researchers at the Beijing Institute of Technology in China realised that you can also create the right internal magnetic disturbances by stacking an antiferromagnet between layers of a different material, like a sandwich.

Does anyone else find it odd that they do not name the authors of the paper[0] that showed the second discovery? (Yichen Liu, Junxi Yu, and Cheng-Cheng Liu, for the record).

[0] https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.13...
by firesteelrain | 2025-07-17 07:48:43+00:00
This probably doesn’t need to be currently downloaded malware. If you have a workflow that says go download any file.py via code execution automated workflow in a carefully crafted email after the innocent victim has, in current session, allowed for an email scanner then the Python script will reliably execute and AI would even download it on behalf of the user and run it.

But in this case and maybe others, AI is just a fancy scripting engine by name of LLMs.
by Someone | 2025-07-17 07:49:49+00:00
FTA: “If either fault were to rupture, it would be the single-worst natural disaster in American history. It would kill anything from 5,000 to 100,000 people, cause over $500 billion in property damage, and destroy some of the country’s most important infrastructure. Combined, these faults pose one of the biggest threats to American well-being and prosperity in the twenty-first century. And yet, efforts to mitigate this risk remain alarmingly limited.”

and

“genuine pathways to the ‘holy grail’ breakthrough have been limited. This grail would be minutes or hours of advance warning, since even just stepping outside would prevent the majority of fatalities and injuries.”

I think that’s the problem: except for limiting the number of deaths and injuries, better earthquake predictions at “hours of warning” do fairly little to mitigate the risks of earthquakes.

Also, the number of deaths isn’t that high. 100,000 is a lot, but with these big ones happening less than once a century, statistically it is less than 1,000 a year, I guess predominantly of the less well-off that cannot afford to live in a house that follows modern building codes.

And that’s assuming predictions are perfect. If they’re imperfect, will people spend hours outside of their airconditioned homes after having done so a few times after a warning that didn’t turn out to be necessary? Even if they do, how many deaths will that cause?
by 0manrho | 2025-07-17 07:49:59+00:00
Responding to the article: Yeah, no shit. Glad to see someone is at least trying to do something about it, and I wish them luck.

Relevant, from their about page:

> noyb is a donation-funded NGO based in Vienna, Austria working to enforce data protection laws, in particular the GDPR and the ePrivacy Directive. At the present, a team of more than 20 legal and IT experts from all over Europe is working to ensure that the fundamental right to privacy is respected by the private sector. More than 5,000 supporting members support our work
by therealpygon | 2025-07-17 07:51:25+00:00
You might find someone, but otherwise you’re really just better off letting it fade to obscurity. That’s a really crowded space with a very low cost of entry (development-wise). Unless there is something significantly novel that makes it stand out, there is no real value to anyone taking it over for you. If you’re that worried about your personal details, which Google already has (can’t I ring that bell), make your own second dev account and transfer the app or call any costs the price of the anonymity you seek.
by antonvs | 2025-07-17 07:51:30+00:00
The "impose on everybody" is based on clear, objective metrics at the national and international level.

The fact that you, as an individual, prefer to use an unsafe, weakly typed language isn't very relevant to that.

The issue is not that it's not possible to write secure programs in C, the issue is that in practice, on average, people don't.

Pushing the use of memory-safe languages will reduce the number of security vulnerabilities in the entire software ecosystem.
Show HN
by niamanases | 2025-07-17 07:52:24+00:00
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by p0w3n3d | 2025-07-17 07:52:25+00:00
There's no such thing like public. It's always someone's property. We have "public" oil company in Poland and it's only a battlefield of political parties - who will put their man into the company's mgmt. There's gas price manipulation, there's monopoly and other nasty things.

Please learn on others' mistakes and create a subsidy for private companies (a few minimum) instead
by mosselman | 2025-07-17 07:52:34+00:00
Coincidentally I’ve been trying to figure out a nice no-nonsense way to setup a HA postgres cluster with automatic failover and restoration of nodes and point in time recovery.

I see a lot of patroni with etcd and haproxy being advised. It must work well for people to be so excited about it, but it feels a bit overwhelming to me when I look at the docker compose files.

At the same time there is pgool which looks like mostly a single thing to deploy in front of each postgres server.

Any tips from the pg-interested people here?

I’d like a docker compose like experience to setup a cluster that is highly available with point in time recovery or at least no data loss.
by CalRobert | 2025-07-17 07:53:11+00:00
The redefinition of "autism" from "can't talk, stims constantly, maybe bangs head against the wall, serious danger to themselves" to "kinda awkward savant" seems like it has been profoundly harmful to people who want to find new therapies for those in the former group. Maybe normalizing it was a way for insurance companies and school districts to get out of funding appropriate measures for people who literally can not function in day to day life.
by npteljes | 2025-07-17 07:53:12+00:00
Autism, like many other mental conditions, is not very well understood. For example, diagnostics is problematic, because the classification changed recently, and the diagnostics protocols involve observers of childhood development, which not every adult can provide. So, additional signs like the one described in the article could help people get diagnosed in the future. It could also help people hunt autistic people. But that's more of a problem with those people, and not with knowledge itself. Most pieces of knowledge can be used to hurt others.
by djtango | 2025-07-17 07:53:22+00:00
I am curious how this will work in the wild. I believe the capability will exist but with things like body language and facial expressions, it can be really subtle and even if it's possible, I think that run of the mill consumer hardware will not be high fidelity enough and will bring in too much noise.

This reminds me of the story of how McDonald's abandoned automated drive thru voice input because in the wild there was too many uncontrolled variables but speech recognition has been a "solved problem" for a long time now...

EDIT I recently had issues trying to biometrically verify my face for a service and after 20-30 failed attempts to get my face recognised I was locked out of the service so sensor-related services are a still a bit of a murky world
by Magmalgebra | 2025-07-17 07:53:29+00:00
> Managing down isn't actually that hard to get the hang of if you have strong technical skills and reasonable communications skills. But managing down is very similar to being a good teaching professor: absolutely worthless and largely done at your own peril.

To your earlier point - even this is contextual. Incredibly high performing teams tend to be really hard to retain. It's not that hard to make your bosses love you if you're posting wildly out of band results - so the struggle is making sure the people who are actually making that happen stay on and stay engaged.

(I'll note that some of the most successful managers I know built their career on creating playgrounds for a small number of high performing ICs)
by Macuyiko | 2025-07-17 07:54:27+00:00
A coin measurer is still my goto explanation. Especially with most models having an inset for the coin to rest on / fit in. The hole itself is then just to quickly/easily get the coin out again with your finger.

With so many different coin sizes and types in the empire, I think this makes most sense.

Wikipedia also mentions this:

> Several dodecahedra were found in coin hoards, suggesting either that their owners considered them valuable objects, or that their use was connected with coins — as, for example, for easily checking coins fit a certain diameter and were not clipped.
by slybot | 2025-07-17 07:55:56+00:00
More confused,

1) 0.02 * random.random() != N(0, 0.02)

2) The LLM will sample a normal distribution, this only depends on your c parameter, the absolute scale doesn't matter neither in Bradley-Terry nor in Elo. So saying +-4 and claiming LLM reasoning in Standard normal is ridiculous.

3) > then we get a pairwise matrix with virtually identical statistical properties to the observed pairwise matrices. >>> then did you asked yourselves if I have "statistically identical" pair-wise matrix and observed pairwise matrix, the. why you even bother myself? You can simply use observed pairwise matrix...
by theLiminator | 2025-07-17 07:56:00+00:00
I'm curious what the implications are if I host a free web-app that EU users might end up using.

As far as I understand, you're still subject to GDPR even if you're not making money off it. Seems like to me there's massive overreach where the lowest liability way forward is to just ban EU users from using anything you make (which still takes engineering/time to do).
by VoxPelli | 2025-07-17 07:56:02+00:00
"the trade-offs in battery life and camera quality are too significant" - a small but thicker phone would have no trouble with battery life and could for sure have the same good cameras as larger phones – and could possibly even ditch the camera bump if it just made the entire phone as thick as the camera bump to fit a larger battery.

(After all, easiest way to increase battery size is to increase the smallest dimension. Add 1mm to a 4-4.5mm thick battery and you'll increase the battery size by 22-25%. Make the iPhone 13 Mini as thick as its camera bump and you would probably add ≈2.4mm, which would make the battery 60% larger)
by piva00 | 2025-07-17 07:56:11+00:00
It's not silly, it's a terrible incentive for companies flush with cash and paying bonuses to their executives in stocks, it becomes very easy to manipulate the stock price with stock buybacks for a larger bonus while letting the company flailing with underinvestment (or simply missed investments).

A great case to see the absurdity of it is Intel, doing stock buybacks for almost a decade to push its stock price up while flailing around and losing its edge, if it was paying high dividends while flailing around then major shareholders would be asking why the fuck would they be paying dividends while the business is losing competitiveness but by doing stock buybacks it kept investors "happy" so they could jump ship and let the company fail on its own.

Stock buybacks have perverse incentives, everyone responsible for keeping the company in check gets a fat paycheck from buybacks: executives, major investors, etc., all financed by sucking the coffers dry. The buybacks at Intel just made the company as a whole lose money, they bought back stocks when they were high and it only dipped since then (10y window).
by dijit | 2025-07-17 07:56:39+00:00
except for the fact that cows exist within the carbon cycle.

And the biggest contributor to greenhouse gases is that we feed them oil that we dig from the ground.

Cows are extremely convenient scapegoat but truthfully they exist in a closed system that we keep feeding carbon into. Methane itself is very very harmful but lives almost no time and atmosphere experts all agree on this.
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