MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by kelseyfrog | 2025-07-18 15:36:47+00:00
We already deal with this problem in higher education by having out-of-state tuition and in-state tuition priced at different levels. A period of residency is required to access in-state tuition.

Does residency fraud exist? I'm sure of it. Despite the UC and CSU systems not publishing residency fraud statistics, such fraud is universally described as being extremely difficult to execute. I cannot overstate this point. Students routinely depict residency fraud as being more difficult to do than simply paying out of state tuition. The high cost of committing residency fraud makes cancels out any expected payoff. Furthermore, most instances of detected fraud appear to be technical and clerical errors, not intentional deception.

What are in-state residency requirements, and how difficult is the requirement? Evidence for residency includes:

- Obtaining a California driver’s license or ID card

- California vehicle registration

- California voter registration

- California state tax returns

- California bank accounts

- Employment in California

- Lease, mortgage, or property ownership in California

- Severing residential ties to your former state (e.g., closing out-of-state bank accounts, surrendering non-CA licenses)

Additionally, one year and one day of residency is commonly the required threshold to qualify for in-state tuition.

The question becomes, is this effective enough at reducing fraud rather than can fraud be eliminated. I'm sure, like with any system, fraud detection and remediation are part of the operating costs and measured in terms of recovery rate/rate of return - the KPI we're discussing.
by avs733 | 2025-07-18 15:37:51+00:00
its like any other monetary fine projected on to all people - it hurts poor people more.

As it stands it isn't an incentive, its just a disruptive and opportunistic approach to take money from a politically disfavored group. THe CBO, as quoted, is clear that until they figure out the reimbursement process they are still just going to colelct the fee and keep the money:

>, “CBO expects that the Department of State would need several years to implement a process for providing reimbursements. On that basis, CBO estimates that enacting the provision would increase revenues and decrease the deficit by $28.9 billion over the 2025‑2034 period.”
by aatd86 | 2025-07-18 15:37:55+00:00
All I know is that if my coding ability had been measured through mandatory assignments that I would be force-fed without any immediate need, I would have been disgusted.

"Locking-in" on some esoteric topics just because one wants to is probably the best way to improve in my opinion.

On the other hand I have been through a pretty generalist undergrad education in engineering and it helped in acquiring general math, physics, chemistry knowledge.
by giraffe_lady | 2025-07-18 15:38:14+00:00
> If you are going to use the inherit argumenT, then why not 14 or 9?

It's a good question. It doesn't seem correct, but I can't find any argument for having it at 16 or 18 or 21 that doesn't also apply for having it at 14 or 9 either. But having it at 25 or 30 based on development smacks of disenfranchisement and eg jim crow literacy laws.

It's not a question I think we can get a satisfying answer for through a scientific-medical model. An 18 year old is still developing, but is also still capable of making informed decisions. So to a lesser extent, is a 16 year old, and to an even lesser extent a 9 year old. And adults who for any reason are less intellectually sophisticated still have the right to vote, which again is a matter of societal values not medicine.

Looking at cultures through history, the timing of transition from childhood to adulthood, the rituals that mark it, the responsibilities that accrue with it, that's really what we're talking about here. The age varies quite a bit across time and place (and different groups may have different reasons for placing it where they have settled on, as do we) but 14-20 probably catches the majority of when most people would consider this change to have taken place. And 16-18 may be pretty much the median? I don't want to assert it too strongly but probably anything within these ranges is "fine" with certain tradeoffs one way or another.
by larodi | 2025-07-18 15:38:15+00:00
Wonder how Adderall with its fourfold amphetamine recipe can fast-track to market, while psylocibin with all its ancestral approval had not yet been pilled AT ALL. How can a soldier designated pill make it to 60m prescriptions and amazing substantiated illegal use, while psylocibin is still rated as schedule-1 drug alongside heroine, which of course is major offense to possess.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adderall https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin#History

This makes very little sense unless on purpose. I mean, like what, people been doing it for millenniums and still we got where we are now, and not because of downsides of its use, or what?
by yencabulator | 2025-07-18 15:38:58+00:00
Not speaking of ls which is more about metadata operations, but general file read/write workloads:

io_uring requires API changes because you don't call it like the old read(please_fill_this_buffer). You maintain a pool of buffer that belong to the ringbuffer, and reads take buffers from the pool. You consume the data from the buffer and return it to the pool.

With the older style, you're required to maintain O(pending_reads) buffers. With the io_uring style, you have a pool of O(num_reads_completing_at_once) (I assume with backpressure but haven't actually checked).
by roenxi | 2025-07-18 15:39:10+00:00
In fairness, the US has so many problems (mostly of its own making) that it would be hard to enumerate them and give them fair treatment in one article. Plan A appears to be monetising the debt, which as far as I'm aware hasn't worked out well for any major power, ever. And it isn't clear that is a top-few problem right now what with the multiple-front military issues they are facing, some fairly important parts of the political system breaking down and the apparent problems manufacturing goods and services.

The issue seems to be that the US voting public is overwhelmed by the complexity of understanding what a good idea looks like or what is in their own interests. A lot of that can be laid at the feet of the Boomers though. Hopefully they pull through, the US has historically had a remarkable ability to lurch out of disaster and sort of shamble on into accidental prosperity.
by nayuki | 2025-07-18 15:39:21+00:00
Additional good videos:

* Vox: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZHuZkUUYM4

* MinuteEarth: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3aFzQdWQTg

* MinuteFood: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1hbV3EzOD4

* LastWeekTonight (John Oliver): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9W74aeuqsiU (2021)

* LastWeekTonight (John Oliver): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHzCRkt1f6c (2024)

* DW (Deutsche Welle) Documentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfVW65gRPgQ
by CharlieDigital | 2025-07-18 15:39:39+00:00
Its the other way around: it's easier to detect because detectors are looking for specific "fingerprints" and may even try to run specific JavaScript that will only work when there is a UI present.

(Source: did a ton of web scraping and ran into a few gnarly issues and sites and had to write a p/invoke based UI automation scraper for some properties)
by mindcrime | 2025-07-18 15:40:34+00:00
There's an emulator called Hercules[1] that lets you run (some) mainframe stuff on a PC. There are limits to what you can run on it though, mostly due to licensing issues with IBM.

You can also look at the IBM Redbooks site[2]. Search for terms like Z/OS, MVS, CICS, DB/2, etc. and you'll find a lot of IBM books, whitepapers (well, they call them redpapers, but whatever) and so on.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercules_(emulator)

[2]: https://www.redbooks.ibm.com/
by proberts | 2025-07-18 15:40:41+00:00
The best defense so to speak is to carry evidence of your status whether that's a green card or foreign passport and I-94 admission record, to have the number of a local immigration attorney whom you can call if you need to, and to be aware of one's rights. The ACLU has a good discussion of these rights: https://www.aclu.org/know-your-rights/immigrants-rights.
by wtallis | 2025-07-18 15:40:51+00:00
You don't need to start spawning new threads to use io_uring as a backend for synchronous IO APIs. You just need to set up the rings once, then when the program does an fwrite or whatever, that gets implemented as sending a submission queue entry followed by a single io_uring_enter syscall that informs the kernel there's something in the submission queue, and using the arguments indicating that the calling process wants to block until there's something in the completion queue.
by fpoling | 2025-07-18 15:41:16+00:00
io_uring is the asynchronous interface and that requires to use even-based architecture to use it effectively. But many command-line tools are still written is a straightforward sequential style. If C would have async or similar mechanism to pretend doing async programming sequentially, it would be easier to port. But without that a very significant refactoring is necessary.

Besides, io_uring is not yet stable and who knows may be in 10 years it will be replaced by yet another mechanism to take advantage of even newer hardware. So simply waiting for io_uring prove it is here to stay is very viable strategy. Besides in 10 years we may have tools/AI that will do the rewrite automatically...
by AppleBananaPie | 2025-07-18 15:41:24+00:00
Yeah I agree with you 100%. it's interesting folks immediately taking the experience and result at face value when we understand so little about what's happening, even without psychedelics is most cases.

In the referenced anecdote it could be as simple as an excuse needed for someone who's been thinking about it for years. Though maybe that's enough to be a benefit

Anyway I like your example and look forward to what is learned about using psychedelics to help people :)
by hammock | 2025-07-18 15:42:14+00:00
It happens everywhere. Including the US. One such story: PFAS contamination found on more than 100 Maine farms. https://www.pressherald.com/2025/01/15/pfas-contamination-fo...

And of course we have even added industrial waste directly to our drinking water, on purpose: https://origins.osu.edu/article/toxic-treatment-fluorides-tr...
by ericghildyal | 2025-07-18 15:43:37+00:00
Those reviews of No 5 reminded me of a fantastic video about the (simplified) history of Coco Chanel [1] that I loved but haven't watched in years.

The simplicity of design and the pace make it timeless, despite the fact that it was produced 11 years ago.

[1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2G88zqPxJ00
by PeterisP | 2025-07-18 15:43:44+00:00
FHE solves privacy-from-compute-provider and doesn't affect any other privacy risks of the services. The trivial way to get privacy from the compute provider is to run that compute yourself - we delegate compute to cloud services for various reasonable efficiency and convenience reasons, but a 1000-fold less efficient cloud service usually isn't competitive with just getting a local device that can do that.
by flkiwi | 2025-07-18 15:43:47+00:00
libro.fm is great. I happily subscribe to them because it's all so effortless.

Probably worth noting as an aside that bookshop.org is sometimes mentioned as a libro.fm-like Amazon alternative for ebooks (NOT audiobooks), but my brief experiment with them was awful: they were much, much more restrictive than even Amazon, at least before Amazon's removal of file download.
by jasonlotito | 2025-07-18 15:43:52+00:00
> This headline is extremely misleading because it leads you to believe that they are IDing this person because they are a "Pro-Palestinian Student Protester".

It read like a privacy issue. Then I read your comment, and was confused.

> More proper would be "NYPD Bypassed Facial Recognition Ban to ID Rock-Throwing Assailant"

This is inaccurate. The charges were dismissed. At best, it's an alleged rock-throwing assailant.

> In the end, this is not a free speech issue except tangentially; it is a privacy issue.

That's what the original headline suggested to me on first reading. Why did you think the headline was a free speech issue?

That being said, the threat of a government disobeying its own rules and policies is a deterrent to free speech.
by gavmor | 2025-07-18 15:44:03+00:00
Yes, although—within a specific range—mild "hormetic" stress or departure from baseline can lead to adaptive and beneficial effects in organic systems.

Hormesis is characterized by a biphasic dose-response: low-level exposures to stressors (toxins, temperature, exercise, dietary restriction, etc.) are those which stimulate adaptive beneficial responses, eg exercise, ischemic preconditioning (short bouts of reduced blood flow improving tissue resilience), and dietary energy restriction.

Rather than negating homeostasis, we can say that hormesis "refines" it: mild, intermittent stress can make us resilient through larger future perturbations.
by Y-bar | 2025-07-18 15:44:13+00:00
> In Sweden, other false claims (the latest dating back to August) suggested that there is a connection between the presence of wind farms and high levels of PFAS (also known as “forever chemicals”) in livestock. It all came from an episode in Denmark in the fall of 2022, when it was discovered that 180 cows grazing on coastal meadows had levels of PFAS in their bodies too high to be sold as food. A Swedish newspaper claimed that the high levels came from wind farms west of Denmark, saying that PFAS were a component of the paints used to cover the blades of wind turbines. Although both authorities and researchers denied that the substances found in the cows could have come from the wind turbines, the claims spread on social media and entered the political debate.

https://edmo.eu/publications/wind-turbines-and-poisoned-anim...
by amlib | 2025-07-18 15:44:23+00:00
> Windows update automatically installs all drivers nowadays

This is very untrue, there are many situations where windows update won't be able to find all drivers on a fresh install. You either need a proper OEM image with all drivers built-in or go driver hunting which is absolutely not fun and not doable by the average user.

Even a modern zen5 system I've dealt with recently required a few manual driver installs to get everything working, and you absolutely don't want to rely on Windows Update for the latest nvidia or amd graphics drivers, getting it directly from them has been the norm since... windows 98 days?

If you are talking about random USB accessories that the user might connect, sure the success rate is pretty decent, but even that isn't guaranteed.
by ROBERT_TABLES | 2025-07-18 15:44:57+00:00
I download epub files and then have ElevenLabs read it to me using AI generated voices I created/cloned using its built in tool. I prefer this method because I can have a book narrated to me using any voice I want to. For example, I’m currently listening to the foundation novels but having it narrated by an AI clone of Lou Lobell’s voice since she narrates the tv show. You can also export narrations as mp3 files and listen to them however you want.
by shreyanshkotak | 2025-07-18 15:44:57+00:00
Hi HN,

I'm the creator of this project. Wicked Food Collection is a free resource of hundreds of 3D food icons, generated using AI.

I wanted to share the tech stack, as it was a fun part of the process and might be interesting to this community: Website Builder & Hosting: The entire site is built and hosted on Webstudio (webstudio.is). I've been really impressed with the performance even with an image heavy website. Backend / CMS: All the icons are managed by a self-hosted Directus (directus.io) instance. I chose it because it provides an instant GraphQL API on top of a simple database, which made the backend incredibly flexible and easy to manage. Infrastructure: I'm running the Directus instance on a VPS from Hostinger. To make that process painless, I used Coolify (coolify.io) for the managing the server.

It's a growing list of icons and would love to get feedback from the HN community. Happy to answer any questions about this.

Thanks for checking it out!
by benlivengood | 2025-07-18 15:45:08+00:00
I don't mean expressing human culture in purely mathematical terms, which sounds intractable.

I mean expressing the relationships and abstractions between the different levels at which we model the world. If you need to explain horses to whales, you probably need to drop down to a biological level to at least explain keratin for hooves to e.g. the baleen whales. Other than that, common experiences of mammals probably suffices to explain social and mating differences (assuming sufficient abstractions in this hypothetical whale languages)

If you need to explain horses to aliens, you'd drop all the way down to mathematics and logic and go back up through particle physics to make sure both parties were grounded in the way we talk about objects and systems before explaining Earth biology and evolutionary history. Behavioral biology would have to be the base for introducing cultural topics and expressing any differences in where we lump behaviors in biology vs. culture, etc.

My basic claim is that if we had a pretrained model over human languages and one hypothetical alien language then either a human or an alien could learn to speak the other's language and understand the internal world model used by the other, because the amount of information contained in large LLMs covers enough of our human world model that it can translate between human languages and also answer questions about how our world-models at various levels of abstraction are related to and built upon each other via definitions.

I am less certain if that same hypothetical LLM could accurately translate between an alien language and human language; I think that the depth required to translate across potentially several layers of abstractions might not fit in the context windows and attention-span of LLMs. I think ~current LLMs will be able to accurately translate inter-species on earth if we can get enough animal language+behavior data into them.
by reaperducer | 2025-07-18 15:45:16+00:00
BBC Radio 4 has a number of audiobooks online. Here are a couple from Agatha Christie:

https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007vqm2/episodes/player

My observation is that even though it's BBC "radio," the stuff on Radio 4 is more like an audio book, compared to American radio dramas which are more like "plays," as they're more acted out and can include sound effects and music. The BBC stuff is very dry, like someone reading to you.

If you want an equivalent digital news detox, see what reading services for the blind are available in your area. Where I live, one of the local NPR radio stations carries audio of someone reading today's newspaper, and it's also available online.
by reactordev | 2025-07-18 15:45:54+00:00
This. The guy was sold a dream that only SV could make it. Totally not true. I’m sure the value of SV networking is great but what would that provide him? There’s plenty of opportunities he could have pursued in his home state. Raleigh-Durham has a very healthy investment culture.

I’m always skeptical of people who built something elsewhere then decided Silicon Valley is the only place they can grow. Sounds like someone said that to him and he just ran with it. With all the VC’s turning him down, he could have done that on the east coast just as effectively.

List of partners in his home state that could have been interested:

Frontier Growth SJF Ventures Bessemer River Cities Capital Fund Wildwood

Having participated in countless Startup Weeks (Boulder being my favorite), there’s opportunity everywhere if you’re willing to put yourself out there.
by bryanlarsen | 2025-07-18 15:46:14+00:00
That would suck for employees. They just effectively got an effective decrease in pay.

A switch from employer-pay to government-pay should be a no-op for employees with employer health insurance. But in a naive scheme, it isn't. The burden for paying for health insurance moves from the employer to the employee (through increased taxes). The employer benefits because they stop paying for health insurance, the employee pays the costs.

Voters, who are mostly employees, would hate it.

OTOH, an on-paper pay raise for employees that doesn't cost the employer anything? That'll be much more politically palatable. "Both your taxes and your salary go up 10%" is a lot more palatable than "Your taxes go up 10%".
by citrin_ru | 2025-07-18 15:46:28+00:00
> the government wishes to reduce the number of skilled worker visas to deal with a pay compression issue

At least in IT/tech I would expect an opposite effect - with number of skilled immigrants reduced there will be risk that multinational companies will close development offices in the UK, startups will have one more reasons to choose another country too. With number of available jobs going down workforce reduction will not prop salaries up IMHO.
by mzajc | 2025-07-18 15:46:48+00:00
> Not sure what the alternative is.

In your country? I'm not sure either.

In general? Slovenian government allows authentication via

- TLS client certificates,

- three different third party identity providers,

- ID card via a card reader

- .. or via NFC through a smartphone, and

- SMS OTP.

People who don't or don't want to use a smartphone shouldn't be barred from online government services or forced into a costly and slow authentication scheme when there's numerous better options.
by OutOfHere | 2025-07-18 15:46:51+00:00
I blame the "debt fueled " economy, basically our whole financial system, where companies can take big debts to do anything at the expense of the environment. Banks especially love funding fossil fuel projects. This financial system will have to collapse under its own weight of its exponential debt.

Once we return to a more grounded concept of money, perhaps gold based, where debts are a lot more controlled due to an absence of uncontrolled moneyprinting, growth can then slow down, allowing us more time to digest what's actually good for us and what's not.
by brandonb | 2025-07-18 15:47:29+00:00
The advanced blood testing is helpful since about 1 in 5 people with a normal cholesterol will have elevated ApoB (and be at higher risk of heart disease).

Getting sufficient potassium (lowers blood pressure) and not too much salt (raises blood pressure) does take deliberate effort. Those with high blood pressure need about 3500mg of potassium per day (about 8 bananas) and <1500mg of sodium; this applies during the whole day, not just during exercise.

VO2Max can be helpful for guiding the type of exercise at any given point in the fitness journey. People starting out benefit a lot from low intensity cardio (zone 2), but at some point, their VO2Max will plateau, which is a good sign to start layering in zone 5 or interval training.

People who are very dedicated to health can achieve all goals simultaneously, but for the average person, I think measuring your biomarkers and then choosing where to expend limited effort is a good approach.
by kevingadd | 2025-07-18 15:47:32+00:00
I don't understand why ICE would need access to Medicaid data. You need to be a citizen or lawful permanent resident to access that program, not to mention all the other additional criteria. The idea of illegal immigrants somehow bypassing all the checks and balances successfully en masse feels a little silly to me.

Just a quick check of the official website to try and get onto Medicaid in WA state shows that it requires a social security number and citizenship information: https://www.wahealthplanfinder.org/us/en/health-coverage/get...