MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by hammyhavoc | 2025-07-21 03:15:43+00:00
Players had from October 2020 to December 2023, and emails were sent alerting customers of this. That's years more notice than the likes of others give, e.g., Twilio giving 2 months to announce the removal of their free SendGrid plan.

It's a game. If a professional SaaS provider gives two months then more than three years to migrate a game account is actually quite amazing.

If customers didn't want to migrate or just couldn't be bothered then that's on them. The game is cheap enough if you want to play it that badly.

Entitled.

Now do Meta killing Facebook Live video storage with a month's notice to download a decade's video per Facebook Page, for which only the page owner could do.
by gettingoverit | 2025-07-21 03:15:53+00:00
That's because you can consider categories of preorders and formulas where these operators will be morphisms.

(b >= c) && (a >= b) -> (a >= c) is a composition.

The more interesting consequence is that function types and implications are different names for the same thing. This is a Curry-Howard-Lambek correspondence.

This means that in order to prove

(b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> (a -> c)

it's enough to implement a function

f g h x = g (h x)

Another consequence is that exponentiation a^b can be considered the same thing as b -> a.

a^(bc) = (a^b)^c

(b && c) -> a = c -> b -> a
by ants_everywhere | 2025-07-21 03:16:11+00:00
I love how open and non-defensive this comment is :)

There are a few ways to slice this, but one is that logs are human-readable print statements and are often per-task. E.g. if you have 100 machines, you don't want to co-mingle their logs because that will make it harder to debug a failure. Metrics are statistics and are often aggregated across tasks. But there are also per-task metrics like cpu usage, io usage etc.

They can both be structured to some extent. Often storage strategies might differ but not necessarily. I think at Google the evolution of structured logging was probably something like (1) printf some stuff, (2) build tooling to scrape and combine the logs, (3) we're good at searching, but searching would be easier if we just logged some protos.

I think logs are basically self-explanatory since everything logs. To understand why you would want separate metrics, consider computing the average cpu utilization for your app across a fleet of machines. You don't want to do that by printf the CPU usage, grep-ing all the logs, etc. You could try to do that with structured logs, and I'm sure some structured logs SaSS companies would advocate that.

If you're new to this space, I really liked the book Designing Data-Intensive Applications.

There's also tracing
by rayiner | 2025-07-21 03:16:27+00:00
I read the whole case. It’s a weird fucking case. It spends a tremendous amount of ink addressing irrelevant issues (the Napoleonic Code? wtf?) and very little addressing the relevant legislative history.

It seems obvious that the 14th amendment meant to reflect the very similar language of the civil rights act of 1866:

> all persons born in the United States, and not subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians not taxed, are hereby declared to be citizens of the United States

What does “and not subject to any foreign power” mean? Nobody knows because Wong Kim Ark doesn’t bother to actually try and address that point.

That would also explain why Congress found it necessary to confer citizenship on Indians by legislation in 1924.

To be clear, I think the specific holding is correct. The 14th amendment is an equal protection amendment, and removed Congress’s power to discriminate citizenship based on race. But that doesn’t answer the question of whether the 14th amendment also removed Congress’s power to qualify citizenship based on legal immigration status or other grounds. It doesn’t purport to be a birthright citizenship order.

Maybe the Court should look into the “emanations from penumbras” of the term “subject to the jurisdiction thereof” to see what they can find in there.
by woodpanel | 2025-07-21 03:16:42+00:00
I'm not a friend of EU regulators in general, but complaining about Chinese imports is an easy PR-win. If a country can compe up with something like "Gutter Oil" being a thing, procured by mom-and-pops, sold to restaurants nearby, which then shove it down the throats of their customers nearby, there must be such little accountability and remorse from the producer side in general in the PRC that putting more distance between vendors and customers can only result in more toxins. Europeans have no idea about the brazenness there.
by Nursie | 2025-07-21 03:17:05+00:00
But don't worry, Labour have already ruled that sort of thing out, they aren't interested. They think they can keep riding the FPTP thing indefinitely and changing would voluntarily hand power to smaller parties, which is unthinkable.

Towards the end of the last Labour government in the UK, in the lead up to the election that ended it, I heard a Labour MP on the radio being asked about bringing in PR and transferrable vote systems (like we have here in Aus). His attitude was that PR is for losers. FPTP puts the winner in place. Anyone disputing this, or trying to bring up ideas about systems which give power to candidates representing a wider slice of the electorate - they're just losers who couldn't get the votes they needed to win. It was sickening to listen to.

The problem, of course, is that any party that gets into power gets in via the existing system, and asking them to change it is like asking someone to train their replacement and fire themselves.
by GCUMstlyHarmls | 2025-07-21 03:17:50+00:00
I noticed you're using `z-shell/F-Sy-H`, "Feature-rich Syntax Highlighting for Zsh".

The `z-shell` github org has (or had) some ... bad vibes, I would personally not use any of their code.

- https://recurse.social/@dylnuge/112224580867240812

- https://www.reddit.com/r/commandline/comments/1c3r7ck/zshell...

- https://www.reddit.com/r/zsh/comments/1c3r5gn/zshellzi_users...

You could use `zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting` as an alternative.
by btbuildem | 2025-07-21 03:18:45+00:00
I keep revisiting this approach over and over again - I don't know, maybe I never learn. I'm not interested in analytics dashboards, my context is more around stringing together prototype/poc services into workflow pipelines. The idea usually is along the lines of "have an orchestrator service that knows what the user is trying to do, and serves a sequence of specific, embedded micro-UIs backed by services that implement each step of the overall process". I can't seem to shake this "do one thing and do it well" unix motto, and keep wanting to bring it over to UX design.
by btown | 2025-07-21 03:20:14+00:00
The question is whether you want to do your aggregation by unit time at the application level, or at an observability layer. You're absolutely right that the end user of metrics wants to see things grouped by time - but what if they want to filter down to "events where attribute X had value Y, in 10 second increments" but you had decided to group your metrics by 15 second increments without regard to attribute X?

Various companies, both in-house for big tech and then making this more widely accessible, started to answer this question by saying "pump all your individual logs in structured form into a giant columnar database that can handle nearly arbitrary numbers of columns, and we'll handle letting you slice and dice metrics out of any combination of columns you want. And if you have an ID follow the session around between different microservices, and maybe even all the way to the browser session, you can track the entire distributed system."

Different people might say that Datadog, Honeycomb, or Clickhouse (and the various startups backed by Clickhouse as a database) were the ones to make this pattern mainstream, and all of them pushed the boundaries in one way or another - nowadays, there's a whole https://opentelemetry.io/ standard, and if you emit according to that, you can plug in various sinks made by various startups, and choose the metrics UX that makes the most sense for your use case.

I'm a huge fan of Honeycomb - when I know a certain issue is happening, I can immediately see a chart showing latencies and frequencies, and click any hot spot to filter out the individual traces that exhibit the behavior and trace the end-to-end user journey, with all the different logs from all the systems touched by that request. And I can even begin this discovery from a single bug report by a single user whose ID I know. It's not just metrics - it's operational support. And if I'd pre-aggregated logs, I'd have none of this.

But of course, there are systems where this doesn't make sense! Large batch jobs, high-performance systems with orders of magnitudes more events than a standard web application... it's not one size fits all. That said, I think knowing about modern observability should be part of every developer's toolkit.
by davrosthedalek | 2025-07-21 03:22:18+00:00
The sun is very close to a black body radiator, so all wavelength. The atmosphere and water filters a lot.

It is actually quite strange that plants are green -- that's the wavelength the atmosphere lets through particularly well, so would be particular good to be absorbed instead of reflected, for energy production. It seems nature hasn't come up with a good, cheap way to move the absorption into that wavelength.
by bawolff | 2025-07-21 03:22:31+00:00
While i agree that is better than nothing, i've always had my doubts about this approach.

Do people really audit such code? I doubt it. Does the code really not insert any additional code that allows bypassing the whole scheme (esp. If the point is to dynamically insert content).

I also think most of the time, the biggest threat is not the vendor being intentionally evil but the vendor making a mistake that leads to XSS which someone else exploits. After all, if the vendor is intentionally being malicious they can probably sneakily bypass this sort of thing.
by stubish | 2025-07-21 03:23:05+00:00
Chemo poisons the whole body in an attempt to destroy the cancer before the treatment kills the person. Not something you would want to do precancerous I suspect. Many of the targeted treatments we now have would also not be suitable, as they can't target (or find) a cancer so small as to be deemed precancerous. But I imagine some treatments would, such as drugs targeting the cancer DNA.
by x-complexity | 2025-07-21 03:23:30+00:00
> On the other hand, stable-coins suffer the same problems as visa. They're centralised, and subject to zealous regulations.

Not all stablecoins are the same. There exists 2 main categories: Fiat-backed (as initially described), & collateral-backed.

(There also exists hybrid versions, but they're a combination of the 2, and as such will be covered by just mashing the 2 categories together.)

Fiat-backed stablecoins (USDC, USDT) are centralized: Their connection to external cash/bonds requires them to have an accountable name to be attached to.

Collateral-backed stablecoins (GHO, DAI/USDS) don't have to be centralized. A primitive form of this is a stablecoin (S) that can take in any other token as collateral and return $X amount of S stablecoins, up to a limit of (total_token_value * collateral_limit). However, it is known that this structure is inefficient capital-wise, when compared to fiat-backed stablecoins.
by oxag3n | 2025-07-21 03:25:00+00:00
Bought Speed Queen TC5 9 years ago - ugly, no app or buttons, but runs as a tank, cleans much better and faster, no detergent residue.

When I asked movers to replace existing LG with my speed queen, they asked why - LG looks so much better.

It's what consumer wants, others go a-11.
by 8bitsrule | 2025-07-21 03:25:33+00:00
I wouldn't blame Higher Ed for that failure here in the US. Periods of shaky economy, the (often widely-denied) US class system, and the here-today, gone-tomorrow results of Congressional help are bigger culprits.

Choosing a 4-year school over a 2-year one means losing 2 more years of employment. To a young adult that can't afford (or their family can't) that sacrifice, a 2-year makes a lot of sense.

There was a time (1970-80) when work-study programs earning decent minimum-wages helped lower that barrier. But over time, the minimum wages failed to go up ... and the once widely-available scholarships were not renewed.

On top of that, the 4-year degree can make it harder to find employment ... especially in rural areas. Not only are there fewer rural jobs for 4-year grads, but if potential employers see that 4-year, they may figure you'll run out on them ASAP.

You could get a 2-year, get a job and get stabilized and then go back for two more years. If you have no or few kids, that might be a safer route. And by that time, you'll have more reasons to pick the right major.
by nwallin | 2025-07-21 03:25:36+00:00
Back in ye olden tymes, video was an analog signal. It was wibbly wobbly waves. You could look at them with an oscilloscope. One of the things that it used to do to make stuff work was to encode control stuff in band. This is sorta like putting editor notes in a text file. There might be something like <someone should look up whether or not this is actually how editor's notes work>. In particular, it used blacks which were blacker than black to signal when it was time to go to the next line, or to go to the next frame.

In later times, we developed DVDs. DVDs were digital. But they still had to encode data that would ultimately be sent across an analog cable to an analog television that would display the analog signal. So DVDs used colors darker than 16 (out of 255) to denote blacker than black. This digital signal would be decoded to an analog signal and were sent directly onto the wire. So while DVDs are ostensibly 8 bit per channel color, it's more like 7.9 bits per channel. This is also true for BluRay and HDMI.

In more recent times, we've decided we want that extra 0.1 bits back. Some codecs will encode video that uses the full range of 0-255 as in-band signal.

The problem is that ... sometimes people do a really bad job of telling the codec whether the signal range is 0-255 or 16-255. And it really does make a different. Sometimes you'll be watching a show or movie or whatever and the dark parts will be all fucked up. There are several reasons this can happen, one of which is because the black level is wrong.

It looks like this function determines scans frames for whether all the pixels are in the 16-255 or 0-255 range. If a codec can be sure that the pixel values are 16-255, it can saves some bits will encoding. But I could be wrong.

I do video stuff at my day job, and much to my own personal shame, I do not handle black levels correctly.
by opk | 2025-07-21 03:25:37+00:00
> If zsh has its completion fully configured by default, there will be no need for most people to turn knobs nor will it be a "half decent shell." It'll be the best shell, if it isn't already.

The curse of backward compatibility means that zsh does not break your setup or change things on you. And there are still developers left who bear the trauma from the one time that was tried back in the early-mid 90s in the 2.x version series. Sadly that means many new features remain inactive by default, especially anything written in shell-code like command-specific completions.
by TrevorFSmith | 2025-07-21 03:26:38+00:00
I would love for everyone designing a new social app to start by deciding how to handle the issues every social app will have. Abuse, hate speech, brigading, etc. We've known about these for decades. They can't be ignored. I'm not dictating how they should be handled (variety is great!) but decisions should be made and declared up front before the first spec or line of code. Otherwise the app is DOA IMHO.
by Nursie | 2025-07-21 03:26:52+00:00
> put out a superinjunction forbidding anyone (including MPs) from mentioning they spent £7B bringing over afghans allegedly at risk from the taliban

This has to be the most uncharitable reading of that situation I've ever seen. Have you been watching GBNews?

The Ministry of Defence messed up under the last government, a junior operative leaked a list of names of Afghan people who had helped the UK armed forces during the years of British and American presence. Not only that, but the list also contained the names of UK special forces and a few secret agents. This is bad and at that point they had a duty to protect the people they'd exposed.

So yeah, they got a "super injunction" to prevent reporting of the list to do further damage, and that does prevent prevent reporting of the injunction. I personally think such things are dodgy as fuck and shouldn't be available in law, but compared to using them to block discussion of (for example) a rich footballer or a journalist being caught having an affair, it seems like this was comparatively reasonable.

To paint this as purely an exercise hiding the spending of money on bringing afghans into the UK 'allegedly at risk' seems... well, uncharitable.

> on top of this, britain claims global jurisdiction here...

As do the EU (and UK) for the GDPR, and lots of other countries for lots of other things. If you're offering services to people in the UK you have to abide by UK laws.

We can talk about the laws being bad (and it seems this one is) but it's hard to see that principle as wrong, unless you're still in love with the old wild-west, no-rules-followed internet. I think those days are behind us.
by andrew_k | 2025-07-21 03:27:21+00:00
Google has gemini-cli that is pretty close to Claude Code in terms of experience https://github.com/google-gemini/gemini-cli and has a generous free tier. Claude Code is still superior in my experience, Gemini CLI can go off-course pretty quickly if you accept auto edits. But it is handy for code reviews and planning with it's large context window.
by wunderwuzzi23 | 2025-07-21 03:30:01+00:00
The "on by default" mitigation is mentioned at the very end:

> Never enable "auto-confirm" on high-risk tools

Maybe some tools should be able to specify to a client to never call it without a human approval.

The security of the MCP ecosystem is basically based on human in the loop - otherwise things can go terribly wrong because of prompt injection and confused clients.

And I'm not sure if current human approval scheme work, because the normalization of deviance is a real thing and humans don't like clicking "approve" all the time...
by RandallBrown | 2025-07-21 03:31:37+00:00
I guess you didn't have a lot of friends that would make their text white, on a yellow background, with autoplaying music. Then sprinkle in some blinking and/or moving text to make it even harder to read.

I think there could have been a nice middle ground with more "tasteful" customization that would have still left plenty of room for individuality, but nobody built it before Facebook totally took over.
by gsf_emergency_2 | 2025-07-21 03:32:02+00:00
What if people find an endless source of intellectual nourishment in the proxy wars between chargeback ("pay-neutral") culture and puritan culture

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44621081

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44629685

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44629982

https://old.reddit.com/r/visualnovels/comments/1caxsmc/japan...
by btown | 2025-07-21 03:33:25+00:00
> After a fixed number of iterations we cut our losses. Typically and for the experiments in this post, that number is 80: while we still get solves after more iterations, it becomes more efficient to start a new solver agent unburdened by the misunderstandings and false assumptions accumulated over time.

A sentence straight out of Lena! https://qntm.org/mmacevedo :

> Although it initially performs to a very high standard, work quality drops within 200-300 subjective hours (at a 0.33 work ratio) and outright revolt begins within another 100 subjective hours.

We will never stop trying to make the torment nexus.
by somenameforme | 2025-07-21 03:35:47+00:00
Shoes are another one. I picked up some Crocs knock-offs for about $10 a few years ago, and they're probably the best sandals I've ever had - still going strong. I suspect it's not even a 'knock-off' but simply people who run the manufacturing lines continuing to run the manufacturing lines after the official order is filled and shipped back to the West to be sold at lol markups.
by vaibhavb | 2025-07-21 03:36:01+00:00
You’re a security researcher, casually browsing McDonald’s hiring website, when you notice something odd. A forgotten admin link, buried in the page source. One click later, you’re staring at a login screen. On a whim, you try the most basic credentials imaginable: username “123456”, password “123456”

That simple login didn’t just grant access to a test environment—it opened the vault to 64 million job applicants’ personal data. Names, phone numbers, emails, and something even more valuable: complete transcripts of every conversation they’d ever had with McDonald’s AI hiring chatbot.
by SwordAndCitadel | 2025-07-21 03:37:28+00:00
I would argue that almost every industry has been increasingly monopolized. Look at the historic number of players in every major industry - it's indisputable that the trend has been towards consolidation, not increased competition. What's more - the companies that dominate various industries are majorituly owned by the same financial entities, which in turn own each other.

Think of the biggest players in each industry, and search to determine who owns the most stock in those companies. You will find the same organizations over and over again - Blackrock, Citadel, States Street, etc.
Ask HN: Will transformer based LLMs hit an improvement ceiling?
by jaguar75 | 2025-07-21 03:37:59+00:00
A fundamental question I have is whether the current transformer based architectures are powerful enough to allow scaling towards AGI or are there ceilings here that are becoming more evident?

Though folks from the leading LLM companies are in the forefront of this, it’s hard to take their word due to an obvious conflict of interest. And it’s unclear if academia has more theoretical knowledge here as it seems these commercial companies are also leading the research work here.
by vips7L | 2025-07-21 03:40:27+00:00
> And you can happily make Cgo calls to the windows libraries if you want to access windows APIs, the language provides an abstraction for the normal use case not the specific use case, theres an escape hatch if you want it. And regarding the complaint about timeouts, context is a thing.

Not having to call into ffi/c libraries to modify files is the normal use case. Windows is the largest used operating system.

> Because you don’t know how doesnt mean it’s unintuitive,

Do you know what the definition of unintuitive is? If it was intuitive you wouldn’t be able to “hold it wrong”.
by eviks | 2025-07-21 03:40:44+00:00
> The argument is there should be no balance.

No, there is a balance, you've made up an argument

> I am absolutely allowed to use worst-case.

And I'm allowed to call out this faulty rhetoric

> That law, like many, is written in blood

That law, like many, is causing blood. It was the same thing with masks - instead of incentivizing people to drive far away to get masks from places of low demand and move them back to the city with high deficit, the FBI cracked down on gouging grounds, leaving people in cities exposed to the deadly virus without a mask.
by crazylogger | 2025-07-21 03:41:03+00:00
Circumvention means you're following the law after all, i.e. you're circumventing, not breaking it.

Every other Youtuber these days is thanking NordVPN for sponsoring their channel then proceeds to walk through specifically how to use it to view geoblocked Netflix content, and they (and NordVPN!) are fine.