MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by frogulis | 2025-07-10 00:49:11+00:00
Been a while since I've watched/read it, but I remember the ideas in Maybe Not being quite interesting.

To me, the really important idea wasn't a criticism of static types in general.

Instead it was the idea that static typing in most (all?) mainstream implementations conflates concepts that should be separate, specifically the shape of the information that we have (e.g. what fields of what types), and whether a particular bit of information is available and required (e.g. nullability).

He contends that the former belongs in our usual "type definition", whereas the latter relates instead to a given context. For example, my PassportForm type always has a date-of-birth field in its _shape_, but whether it's statically required/present to exist depends on whether we're at a HTTP API boundary, an internal domain function boundary, writing into a database.

It sounded like that kind of "nullability masking" was intended as a feature of Spec, but I don't get the impression it was ever implemented.
by panabee | 2025-07-10 00:49:40+00:00
Agreed. There is deep potential for ML in healthcare. We need more contributors advancing research in this space. One opportunity as people look around: many priors merit reconsideration.

For instance, genomic data that may seem identical may not actually be identical. In classic biological representations (FASTA), canonical cytosine and methylated cytosine are both collapsed into the letter "C" even though differences may spur differential gene expression.

What's the optimal tokenization algorithm and architecture for genomic models? How about protein binding prediction? Unclear!

There are so many open questions in biomedical ML.

The openness-impact ratio is arguably as high in biomedicine as anywhere else: if you help answer some of these questions, you could save lives.

Hopefully, awesome frameworks like this lower barriers and attract more people.
by ianburrell | 2025-07-10 00:51:39+00:00
Thread can talk to your phone using a gateway. Thread is IPv6 based. The gateway, called border router, is no different than access point in function.

Current systems require a hub, talk protocol to hub, hub talks Zigbee to device. Home Assistant is great, but you still need device running it. Thread requires border router, but that is simpler device and only does networking.

Matter is the other part of Zigbee, the home automation profile. I get the impression it is bloated with multiple companies involved, but it is standard. Matter means that your phone can talk to Wifi device with your choice of apps.
by op00to | 2025-07-10 00:51:59+00:00
I'm sure the support burden is much easier on HAOS. I don't use any Home Assistant extensions, I don't even know what they are. I use a number of custom integrations, but I manage them all through github and github actions. I'm doing great with just running the containers with podman - just need to keep ZWaveJS and Home Assistant in sync and I don't run into problems.
by pstuart | 2025-07-10 00:55:31+00:00
That was disappointing but understandable, considering who was following him into office.

The Hunter Biden corruption story was true in the sense it was old school genteel corruption that virtually everybody in politics does: trade on their connections with promise of getting deals done and/or a veneer of legitimacy. It's a problem worthy of scrutiny but only if it is done across party lines.

But this misses the entire point: the whole part about the Hunter Biden laptop story was to paint Joe Biden as crooked and was being done solely as negative campaigning. That's it, and it is self evident in how the story dropped once it was no longer useful for that means.

But the millions of Americans who were outraged by this supposed corruption are just fine with it when it's done by their Dear Leader.

That in a nutshell summarizes the "values" of the modern American conservative movement.
by fsckboy | 2025-07-10 00:56:10+00:00
jar files are zip files, so they don't contain "self extract" code, instead they are associated with already installed extraction code.

however, once extracted, jar files do contain executable code, and that is a security issue. the java model pays attention to security, but if code can do something, it can do something bad. if it can't do something, it's not very useful, is it.
by a57721 | 2025-07-10 00:56:29+00:00
You can use LLMs to check grammar and style and manually go through each suggested correction; it will take more time, but your readers will appreciate the effort and your own voice and style will be there. People get upset by LLM-generated content not because they are against LLMs, but because of the awkward style that is very recognizable and leaves you wondering "If the author couldn't be bothered to write it, why should I bother to read it?"
by cesarb | 2025-07-10 00:58:13+00:00
> The `zip` command on Ubuntu is 6.0, which was released in 2009 and does not support zstd. It does support bzip2 though!

You probably mean the "unzip" command, which https://infozip.sourceforge.net/UnZip.html lists as 6.0 being the latest, released on 20 April 2009. Relevant to this discussion, new in that release are support for 64-bit file sizes, bzip2 compression method, and UTF-8 filenames.

The "zip" command is listed at https://infozip.sourceforge.net/Zip.html as 3.0 being the latest, released on 7 July 2008. New in that release are also support for 64-bit file sizes, bzip2 compression method, and UTF-8 filenames.

It would be great if both (or at least unzip) were updated to also support LZMA/XZ/ZSTD as compression methods, but given that there have been no new releases for over fifteen years, I'm not too hopeful.
by mlyle | 2025-07-10 00:58:43+00:00
> Elemental mercury is not absorbed at all. You’re probably thinking of methyl mercury and various mercury salts (which, by the way, are not very common).

Basically any mercury that I'm going to ingest accidentally is likely to be a salt. Because elemental mercury is going to evaporate.

> Especially not when the evidence is absent because we can’t get there because everyone dies first from the more obvious bad things happening.

Rats given Pu-239 show LD-50's of hundreds of milligrams per kilogram. Versus something like 20 mg/kg for inorganic mercury.

We have human studies where people were injected with several micrograms of plutonium and went to live on normal lives; and we have human studies where adults absorb less than 1/1000th of the plutonium ingested.
by subjectsigma | 2025-07-10 00:59:49+00:00
Former/recovering smoker. I hear this sentiment a lot (“Why would anyone ever smoke? It’s just dumbfounding”). I can tell you the reason people smoke is because it feels fucking great. It’s a terrible, terrible habit and the number of smokers of any drug should be zero, but I’m not going to lie to you and tell you it wasn’t relaxing and enjoyable.
by alganet | 2025-07-10 01:00:38+00:00
I see, the problem was in assuming that I want to present myself as an original thinker.

I'll keep my longstanding tradition of explaining exactly how I work: I have no interest in competing for an audience of hot takes on things. _Skepticism is old_, I dusted it from an old shelf. Of course it's not fresh.

So, I can attribute all the harshness that came across from me to your provokations. That's very generous. I didn't needed it though, and I don't accept gifts from strangers.
by Karrot_Kream | 2025-07-10 01:02:10+00:00
If that's true why are we discussing US partisan politics and not the fact that we're using the English language, itself a hegemonic auxiliary language imposed by the British Empire?

Let's be real here. "Politics shape every aspect of our lives" is code for "I want to discuss US partisan politics all the time because I'm very anxious about it."

I don't come to HN to offer therapy.
by simonw | 2025-07-10 01:02:57+00:00
We are hosting PyCon US - the annual Python conference - in Long Beach next year (in May).

It's the first time the conference has been on the west coast in quite a while, and I'm hoping we can attract a bunch of Los Angeles area Pythonistas who didn't make the trek out to Pittsburgh or Salt Lake City or Cleveland.

If you are part of the LA Python-adjacent tech scene I encourage you to consider coming along! It's a genuinely great community-led conference, attracting over 2,000 attendees.

It would be really cool if we could attract enough entertainment industry people to get sessions on Python in film production, VFX, animation and other creative industries.
by cfata | 2025-07-10 01:03:55+00:00
This paper tackles a fundamental question in electricity market design that affects billions in energy costs.

Most major electricity markets (US, EU) use "Pay-as-Clear" pricing where all producers get paid the highest accepted bid. The alternative is "Pay-as-Bid" where each producer gets their own bid amount.

The European Commission argues Pay-as-Clear promotes "efficiency and transparency." But this game-theoretic analysis finds Pay-as-Bid consistently yields lower worst-case prices, even though neither mechanism dominates in all scenarios.

The key insight: while Pay-as-Clear might have better best-case outcomes, Pay-as-Bid provides better worst-case guarantees - arguably more important for critical infrastructure.

Given the scale of electricity markets, even small efficiency gains could mean significant consumer savings. Makes you wonder why the industry standard persists despite the theoretical evidence.

(Spotted via my Research Paper widget on get-alfred.ai — thought it was worth a share.)
by globalnode | 2025-07-10 01:04:07+00:00
i admit i havent looked at the app, but i assume is centrally run.

firstly: i think the only way secure p2p messaging can work is if its decentralised. no 3rd parties to communication, how this would be done i have no idea. maybe like email but without the server?

secondly: you'd need to ensure a secure os on each end that you can trust to not take screenshots and send to hq before transmission or after reception.

since its not possible to use the internet without a source ip. its almost provably insecure (in terms of privacy), no matter what protocols are dreamed up. a 3rd party will have to be trusted to distribute packets. and thats the weak point. (unless you force the source IP to be 0.0.0.0 or something before it goes out)

couldnt we just use dns to point to recipients, force zero the source ip and send udp packets directly?

what about pgp through a tor relay?
by bee_rider | 2025-07-10 01:04:11+00:00
> I always assumed it was a depression era thing (canned bread!).

1860’s apparently.

https://www.britishfoodinamerica.com/A-Number-of-Historical-...

> You're really not missing out.

It it rare in matters of taste to be able to say it, but you sir or madam are objectively incorrect!

Ok well, maybe that is a bit over the top. But anyway, since it comes in a can, hopefully anyone curious can just try it. Pop it in the toaster oven, put some cream cheese on it, and have it for breakfast. It is a treat, IMO.
by arp242 | 2025-07-10 01:04:18+00:00
> Getting banned from a default sub you've never posted in because you told a racist boomer somewhere else they might be falling for propaganda is bloody weird.

It's not great, but on the other hand: it's also not a completely terrible heuristic.

The challenge here is that some of these popular default subs attract tens of thousands of comments every day. Dealing with flags is time-consuming, and also "too late": better for racist bollocks to not be posted.

In the end every subreddit is a private fiefdom of the moderator(s) where they can do more or less what they want. Many subs have overly strict, obnoxious, or even bizarre rules. The original sub for The Netherlands got hijacked by some American who proceeded to ban everyone posting in Dutch.

It's not perfect, but in the end I don't think it's a bad thing. A global set of rules for all of Reddit won't work. For example of course you should be free to talk about religion, but proselyting Christianity on /r/atheism (or Atheism on /r/Christianity) would obviously not be desirable.

The thing Reddit replaced was web forums (phpbb etc.), newsgroups, and mailing lists, and those worked more or less the same.
by sarchertech | 2025-07-10 01:06:38+00:00
I have 2 young kids, but I also had my first when I was 38 so I have a lot of experience as an adult with no kids.

I’ve only ever been seriously annoyed by loud kids a handful of times in my entire life. Each time it was always travel sports teams at hotels.

And I’m the kind of person who gets really annoyed at loud sounds like leaf blowers, and loud car stereos.

Kids can be noisy, but I have never had dinner “ruined” by an uncontrolled kid. I’ve never had a movie ruined by loud kids (I have had movies nearly ruined by loud adults and older teenagers). I’ve never been seated near a baby crying on a plane that I couldn’t tune out—especially with headphones (that is until I flew with my own baby on a plane—can’t tune that out because you’re just desperate to get him to stop so you don’t annoy anyone else).

I think people are just being overly sensitive.
by dekhn | 2025-07-10 01:06:40+00:00
I live across the street from an elementary school and during recess it gets quite noisy. I don't particularly mind, with one big exception: some kids scream a lot. I normally associate that screaming sound with "there is an emergency, check for trouble", but it's just kids playing (and I hear the teachers telling them to stop). Even during the off season, there is noise; for example, the people doing construction work sometimes trip the fire alarm, which rings for hours because the site staff isn't around.

I'd love to explain the idea of alarm fatigue, but from experience, people just think you're a jerk if you say "You should stop that alarm from turning on when there isn't a fire, because I will stop paying attention"
by quantified | 2025-07-10 01:07:04+00:00
If it destroys the entire US auto industry, is that bad? Probably, but destroying industries is seen as good all the time. Cheap electric transportation will enable more transport, meaning new forms of work will spring up. It's the same argument that says that AI will add jobs in new areas just as much as it takes away in others, or cars will do for buggy makers.

It's funny how anti-innovation the US is when it's someone else's.
by ijusthadto | 2025-07-10 01:09:14+00:00
Non-techy folks often don't touch terminal. With astro, you start with terminal.

Can it be reliable for production use? Yes.

Can non-techy make it reliable for production use? Who knows.

E-commerce and marketing sites are at the two opposite sides of complexity spectrum.

Astro would be perfect for marketing page (non-techy could approach that) and doable for e-commerce (for experienced dev).

Whether it SHOULD be used for e-commerce would be another question.
Show HN: I built a playground to showcase what Flux Kontext is good at
by Zephyrion | 2025-07-10 01:10:08+00:00
Hi HN,

After spending some time with the new `flux kontext dev` model, I realized its most powerful capabilities aren't immediately obvious. Many people might miss its true potential by just scratching the surface.

I went deep and curated a collection of what I think are its most interesting use cases – things like targeted text removal, subtle photo restoration, and creative style transfers.

I felt that simply writing about them wasn't enough. The best way to understand the value is to see it and try it for yourself.

That's why I built FluxKontextLab (https://fluxkontextlab.com).

On the site, I've presented these curated examples with before-and-after comparisons. More importantly, there's an interactive playground right there, so you can immediately test these ideas or your own prompts on your own images.

My goal is to share what this model is capable of beyond the basics.

It's still an early project. I'd love for you to take a look and share your thoughts or any cool results you generate.
by scarecrw | 2025-07-10 01:10:21+00:00
I'll have to go through this with my family; we have a number of terms we use that we're never sure if they're Canadian, non-regional uncommon words, or just things our family say.

My grandpa called toonies "bearbucks", which isn't listed, but is in one of the quotes on the toonie entry. No listing for "reef" as in yanking on something, though I don't know if that's a Canadianism or not.
by o11c | 2025-07-10 01:10:34+00:00
I also have been playing with regexes recently. One observation that I've made: if you're willing to setting for something slightly weaker than regexes, you can make your code trivial to understand (and go straight to a DFA instead of going through NFA). AFAICT the only "hard" case (which I'm erroring out on) involves things like /(AB)+|(AC)+/ (where A, B, and C are arbitrarily complex patterns), since everything else can be easily simplified. And at least for the contexts I care about, that kind of regex is exceptionally rare.

... I probably should actually read the papers on how to do it properly though. Last time I tried, I got stuck in a tangle of "why does C make efficient hashmaps so hard!" - this time, I'm avoiding C until I have a fully-tested prototype (current status: 1.0KLoC logic, 0.5KLoC comments, 4.4KLoC test suite, 40% tests failing after a recent refactor [edit: I forgot Python enums don't compare equal to integers], 100% of the time being annoyed at how stupidly slow Python is if you use obscure programming features like "loops", "strings", "branching", or "functions").
by sbarre | 2025-07-10 01:11:20+00:00
> it's already easy for AI to navigate them (since dom structure variance is small).

The premise of MCP-B is that it's in fact not easy to reliably navigate websites today with LLMs, if you're just relying on DOM traversal or computer vision.

And when it comes to authenticated and read/write operations, I think you need the reliability and control that comes from something like MCP-B, rather than just trusting the LLM to figure it out.

Both Wordpress and Shopify allow users to heavily customize their front-end, and therefore ship garbage HTML + CSS if they choose to (or don't know any better). I certainly wouldn't want to rely on LLMs parsing arbitrary HTML if I'm trying to automate a purchase or some other activity that involves trust and/or sensitive data.
by pizzafeelsright | 2025-07-10 01:11:37+00:00
Thankfully boys grow out of it but girls can hit that frequency that cuts the skin.

The general rule is no screaming without a good reason.

As for those without parenting experience there isn't anything you can do short of killing the infant to get it quiet. They go from struggling to inconsolable which is literally a place where they have to exhaust themselves before they calm down. If the parent could quiet the kid they would.

I've experienced it a few times and despite all my experience and skills the child couldn't be soothed until tired enough to respond positively. In most cases it's less than 90 minutes unless there's a physical reason. Then it can be 8 hours. Bless the parents with children with damaged biology.
by awsanswers | 2025-07-10 01:13:07+00:00
I fully discount the right to left thing.

There is not enough q/kdb full source code "out there" that would have made it into the LLM training data. It tends to be used in secretive environments and can be very site specific in convention. I bet a purpose built small fine tune with real + synthetic data would be enough to get something generating better Q code.
by eitally | 2025-07-10 01:14:07+00:00
I think one of the biggest issues is just how big and sprawling LA is. For bay area folks, it would be roughly the same as if the entire metropolis surrounding the bay was one city (plus unincorporated areas). If that provides any sense of scale.

Fwiw, SJ is bigger than SF and absolutely better managed, but definitely less vibrant. Personally, I would choose San Diego over LA, and if I wanted to keep a tech job there's lots if you're ok with biotech/healthcare or defense.
Show HN: ColorConJ – Explore Spanish color names by letter
by lur0913 | 2025-07-10 01:14:26+00:00
Hi HN,

I built a tool called ColorConJ: https://colorconj.com

It helps Spanish speakers explore color names by letter — like “color con A” or “color con B”.

Most color name tools are either in English or not searchable by letter. ColorConJ supports: - Alphabetical color exploration - HEX and RGB code display - One-click copy - Clean, mobile-friendly UI

It’s built with Astro and Tailwind. Would love feedback on UX, SEO, or anything else.

Thanks!
by arp242 | 2025-07-10 01:15:23+00:00
The "perceived as" could be interpreted as a genuine "perhaps this is what they think?" or just as "empty language", in which case you're effectively saying "they're all scammers and mass migrating here to steal our jobs". I'll assume you meant the first, but with loads of flagged comments in the queue and many people who do genuinely mean that sort of thing, it's easy for moderators to misinterpret things.

I once called out a blatantly racist post and used "the n-word" while doing so. Admittedly not my finest moment, but I was fed up (the content was something along the lines of "I think this is called ethnic cleaning. Why don't you just admit they're all n----s to you?")

I got banned for my "racism". For calling out racism. The racist post that called for ethnic cleaning was left standing as that was lengthy and used polite language.

For the hasty moderator with tons of flagged comments: one is a wall of text and scans okay, the other used a bad word so could perhaps be racist. 537 more flagged comments in the queue. Ban. Next. It is what it is.
by Unearned5161 | 2025-07-10 01:19:02+00:00
Nice article, I wanted to point out though that your example board at the beginning has no such ambiguities or 50/50's. Here's a recreation of it so you can see for yourself, if you open it up from the bottom left as you did, the 1 2 1 leads to the board being solved rather quickly:

https://agustinfitipaldi.com/minesweeper?seed=eyJ3aWR0aCI6OS...
by maliker | 2025-07-10 01:19:03+00:00
Yeah I’ve never understood this for lithium ion systems. Maybe some parallel or series the cells differently to get different total max power outputs? But I don’t expect that would affect cost either way.

With flow batteries there are definitely differences since the power and energy components of the system can each be scaled independently from each other. Ie need more total energy then just expand the amount of liquid electrolyte storage you have.
by lmm | 2025-07-10 01:21:23+00:00
> Best I can tell, all usable definitions surrounding "Command" seem to suggest an associated action, which isn't true of all statements in imperative programming.

The defining characteristic of a programming "statement" is that it can perform some action (even if not all of them do), whereas statements in the usual everyday sense are inert. So it's not a good term.
by stephenlf | 2025-07-10 01:21:27+00:00
> A REST API should not be dependent on any single communication protocol, though its successful mapping to a given protocol may be dependent on the availability of metadata, choice of methods, etc. In general, any protocol element that uses a URI for identification must allow any URI scheme to be used for the sake of that identification. [Failure here implies that identification is not separated from interaction.]

What the heck does this mean? Does it mean that my API isn’t REST if it can’t interpret “http://example.com/path/to/resource” in the same way it interprets “COM<example>::path.to.resource”? Is it saying my API should support HTTP, FTP, SMB, and ODBC all the same? What am I missing?
by jessetemp | 2025-07-10 01:21:36+00:00
The title contradicts the article. Our eyes are averaging information that is up to 15 seconds old, but we can obviously react to visual stimuli in less than 15 seconds so it’s not all that old. They’re probably also confounding the research by using faces as the thing that changes over time, since our brains are sort of hardwired to respond to faces differently than other stuff