MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Intrinisical-AI | 2025-07-21 18:02:42+00:00
Wow! you brought up several deep ideas that deserve unpacking step by step (as if we were LLMs):

- On the manifold being “high-dimensional” (e.g., 2999): I got your intuition; the set of valid linguistic sequences is tiny relative to the space of all possible strings, but still enormously rich and varied. So the valid set doesn’t fill the whole space, but it also can’t live in a low-dimensional manifold like 20D. But I'm also not so sure about that: how many ways you have to give an accurate response? Hard to argue than many more than one. Hard to argue even one of them it's completly correct. _There must be some sort of "clustering"_.

- On domain-specific manifolds and semantic transitions: 100% agree with your idea that different domains induce distinct geometric structures in embedding space, and even that the idea of a "simple manifold", seems to optimistic. But what about "regions" with common (geometric / topological) properties? Eg: Physics should? form a dense structured region, and I guess there common patterns between the implicit structure of it's subspace, and the maths' one for example. The semantic trajectories inside each domain will follow specific rules, but patterns must exists, and also should be transitional zones or “bridges” between them. I relate the emergen abilities into LLMs with this (what are LLMs but transformers of vectorial representations, taken by "views / parts / projections" (e.g: multi-attention heads).

What if we hypothetize about chart atlases; multiple local coordinate systems with smooth transition maps? Maybe a patchwork of overlapping manifolds, each shaped by domain-specific usage, linked by pathways of analogy or shared vocabulary.. Even if this is the case (we only guessing), the problem it's that the computational costs, and interpretations are neither trivial.

- On GloVe and the projection fallacy: I take your point, you can always "cherry-pick" the most good loonking examples to tell your story haha

- On symplectic spaces: I don’t know enough about symplectic geometry :( Only think: you got me thinking about hyperbolic spaces where volume grows exponentially; anti-intuitive from an euclidean point of view

- “maybe the flat embedding space doesn’t devote volume to gibberish because it was never trained to model gibberish.”

I initially thought of this as a kind of "contraction", but that term might be misleading - but thinking about it I prefer the idea of density redistribution. Like a fluid adapting to an invisible container --> Maybe it's like a manifold emergence through optimization pressure indirectly sculpted by the model’s training dynamics.

- Wheeler Superspace: Again, I cannot follow you :( I guess you're pointing that the semantical relationships could be formulated as discrete.. BUT, as a non-physicist, I honestly can’t tell the (any?) difference between being modeled as discrete vs being discrete. (xD)

Thank for the deep response, Paul! Its a pleasure having this conversation with you.
by nerevarthelame | 2025-07-21 18:02:42+00:00
I think the first chart could be a beautiful summary of what's driving LLMs into a bubble. At first, they're amazing and will obviously be able to improve productivity if not replace employees outright: C suites and venture capitalists around the world rejoice and begin pumping in billions of dollars of investments. But as time goes on, the demands placed on actual human employees become clear. Far from being able to replace an employee, the employee using the LLM might spend more time cleaning up its messes than had they done it themself.

Yes, LLMs have and will continue to improve. But it's that initial "holy shit, this thing is basically as good as a real accountant" without any understanding that it can't sustain it which leaves many with an overinflated view of their current value.
by billy99k | 2025-07-21 18:02:48+00:00
"As a homeowner, of course I would love net metering, because I'd be getting a sweet deal. But it's not hard for me to see how this can't continue as solar power installations increase. Austin, TX, was one of the first locales to use "value of solar" pricing, and yeah, while it sucks for the homeowner, it is also fairer and more sustainable. "

Solar should be saving the homeowner money and not risking increased taxes in the future, especially if the homeowner has to foot the bill for thousands of dollars it takes to install the panels/system.

"Net metering is exactly the same as forcing power companies to buy energy at a retail rate. Again, this is obviously not sustainable."

Why prop up power companies if the business model is unsustainable? Especially if you want to convert to something like solar? Why should I, as a homeowner, be forced to pay the power companies just because they can't change with the times?
by saubeidl | 2025-07-21 18:02:56+00:00
https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/2025/05/12/hasan-...

> Piker, a U.S. citizen who streams on Twitch under the name HasanAbi, said in a live stream that he was taken aside after landing at Chicago O’Hare International Airport from Paris on Sunday — despite being enrolled in Global Entry, a CBP program that is supposed to give expedited clearance to “pre-approved, low-risk travelers” returning to the U.S.

> Piker said he was brought to a detention room inside O’Hare that had “fluorescent lightbulbs, the whole nine [yards]” and where a CBP agent questioned him for about two hours about his job, his political affiliation, his opinion of Trump and whether he had any connections to terrorist groups.
by viraptor | 2025-07-21 18:03:21+00:00
Eh, kinda? I mean regalloc is not an optimisation pass. And SROA/GVM go through whole functions, but they don't really optimise across blocks. They do local changes only with information from previous blocks available. I meant that I don't know of anything that makes modifications across multiple blocks as one complex change. Even licm pokes one thing at a time from one block to a different one. There's no complex "let's replace this kind of cross-block pattern with a different equivalent code that changes multiple blocks at the same time".
by PaulHoule | 2025-07-21 18:03:27+00:00
If you really felt that way you wouldn't talk about it.

See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fight_Club

People complaining about AI are flooding the zone together with all the people who switched from NFT to AI, the "I vibe coded something and it almost works" crowd, etc.

Be careful what you vote up, also keep an eye on the /new page and vote things up that aren't about AI, also feel free to submit things that aren't about AI. If you look at the difference between the home page and the /new page, you can see the supply of bad articles about AI far exceeds the demand, keep holding the line against it.
by rwiggins | 2025-07-21 18:03:58+00:00
Oh, fantastic. jq has become an integral part of work for me.

I'll use this opportunity to plug the one-liner I use all the time, which summarizes the "structure" of a doc in a jq-able way: https://github.com/stedolan/jq/issues/243#issuecomment-48470... (I didn't write it, I'm just a happy user)

For example:

$ curl -s 'https://ip-ranges.amazonaws.com/ip-ranges.json' | jq -r '[path(..)|map(if type=="number" then "[]" else tostring end)|join(".")|split(".[]")|join("[]")]|unique|map("."+.)|.[]' . .createDate .ipv6_prefixes .ipv6_prefixes[] .ipv6_prefixes[].ipv6_prefix .ipv6_prefixes[].network_border_group .ipv6_prefixes[].region .ipv6_prefixes[].service .prefixes .prefixes[] .prefixes[].ip_prefix .prefixes[].network_border_group .prefixes[].region .prefixes[].service .syncToken

(except I have it aliased to "jq-structure" locally of course. also, if there's a new fancy way to do this, I'm all ears; I've been using this alias for like... almost a decade now :/)

In the spirit of trying out jqfmt, let's see how it formats that one-liner...

~ echo '[path(..)|map(if type=="number" then "[]" else tostring end)|join(".")|split(".[]")|join("[]")]|unique|map("."+.)|.[]' | ~/go/bin/jqfmt -ob -ar -op pipe [ path(..) | map(if type == "number" then "[]" else tostring end) | join(".") | split(".[]") | join("[]") ] | unique | map("." + .) | .[]% ~

Not bad! Shame that jqfmt doesn't output a newline at the end, though. The errant `%` is zsh's partial line marker. Also, `-ob -ar -op pipe` seems like a pretty good set of defaults to me - I would prefer that over it (seemingly?) not doing anything with no flags. (At least for this sample snippet.)
by mcbrit | 2025-07-21 18:04:00+00:00
Louisiana is the only jurisdiction which does not adhere to the general rule that a defendant may rely, in a criminal prosecution, upon inconsistent defenses.

(In other words: prove it. I get as many counterexamples as my lawyers can dream .)

Robert T. McGraw, Criminal Law: The Use of Inconsistent Defenses, 26 Marq. L. Rev. 167 (1942).
by Guid_NewGuid | 2025-07-21 18:04:01+00:00
You're correct that uninhabitable was my exaggeration and the OP's reasonable point was that some parts of the US would see less impressive outcomes.

But from a brief Google California isn't even in the 10 most southerly states in the US. While I have broader problems with the political direction of travel of this site in general my main concern is trying to shake Americans out of this fatalism where nothing ever works, nothing is possible and the country has to be left to decay.

You guys landed on the moon for goodness sake, where's that America gone?
by trunnell | 2025-07-21 18:04:07+00:00
Respectfully disagree -- solar isn't the big story here.

One could argue that batteries will have a bigger impact than solar. Batteries obviously let you decouple power generation and consumption, shifting anytime production to peak-time demand.

Less obvious is that local demand can fluctuate 2x. It usually dips mid-day and peaks 5-9pm (see the charts at www.caiso.com) when people come home and turn on their lights, oven, appliances, etc. This pattern happens throughout the year.

So forget solar for a moment; the ability to shift energy that was produced mid-day (even by a natural gas plant) to the evening would allow you to build fewer power plants. Nuclear + batteries might also be a good combination. Batteries get you closer to being able to solve for "average demand" rather than "peak demand."

This has nothing to do w/ California. California is just on the leading edge of battery installation. Solar just exacerbates the issue of the peak-to-trough ratio (evening vs. mid-day demand) due to mid-day solar "overproduction" causing it to be uneconomical to run gas plants mid-day. But solving for "peak demand" is still a problem in the absence of solar.

Still: most of the complaints about solar are answered when paired with large battery systems.
by teachrdan | 2025-07-21 18:04:09+00:00
> Has nothing to do with fracking.

I wish you had read OP's comment more carefully:

> Further, not all the chemicals being leaked... were reported, as any that had trade secrets (at the time and to the best of my recollection) were excluded.

The exact mix of chemicals used in fracking fluids is proprietary -- in all likelihood not because it's so valuable as a trade secret, but as an excuse not to report the presumably toxic / carcinogenic contents to the public.

This is absolutely something specific to fracking.
by fluidcruft | 2025-07-21 18:05:20+00:00
There's some sort of latching mechanism to seal the faraday cage. Sometimes it's a latch, sometimes it's pneumatic or a bladder that inflates.

The doors can also lock (I'm pretty sure they are required to be locked when qualified personnel are not present) but usually they are not locked when the scanner is staffed and in use.
by bookofjoe | 2025-07-21 18:05:23+00:00
>You are allowed to put patients under general with no one else present? That doesn't seem like it should be possible

Every day in ORs around the world manuy thousands of anesthesiologists — and CRNAs where approved — put patients under general with no one else present. Are you proposing that two anesthesiologists be assigned per patient, like scheduled airlines?

Should piloting a plane solo be outlawed?

If, after three years of residency and roughly 1,500 cases done under supervision, many more done without supervision, a written examination, and an oral examination, you aren't qualified to administer a general anesthetic solo, then you have NO business giving general anesthesia no matter how many other qualified or unqualified others are present.
by mandmandam | 2025-07-21 18:05:34+00:00
It's bread.

Decent, non-toxic bread ought to be available even to people of "limited means". Even, I would assert, to people of no means at all. The US is the wealthiest nation of all time, and there is no excuse for there to be so many people hungry, much less poisoned. It's so wild that this needs to be said.

And, products that toxic shouldn't be sold at all; at least not without large warning labels in multiple languages.
by lostlogin | 2025-07-21 18:06:01+00:00
Depending on how or where they are installed, they risk being pointless. Every human has mental on them and it’s mostly safe (in shoes, bra, zips, buckles, access swipe card). Little bits of jewellery are fine. Surgically implanted metal is mostly fine.

Having an alarm that goes off for a staff member’s bra 200x a day leads to normalisation of hearing the alarm, and the unsafe things gets missed.

Im an MR tech.
by dragonwriter | 2025-07-21 18:06:02+00:00
> That's a fair criticism of the media headlines, but the final ruling of $480,000 just in punitive damages ($1M inflation-adjusted) is still pretty ridiculous

Given subsequent McDonald's incidents of the same type, it was clearly inadequate to serve the function of punitive damages, that is, to be sufficient to dissuade the willful tortfeasor from repeating the same willful tort. (It’s quite likely that the original $2.7 million award would also have been.)

> handling too-hot-to-immediately-drink beverages is a normal, reasonable risk that almost everyone encounters as part of everyday life.

That's not an argument that the punitive damage award was ridiculous, that's an argument that the jury assessment of comparative negligence that figured into the actual damage award was wrong. Punitive damages are not even in theory about the degree of care that the injured party should have applied, that's the comparative negligence part of actual damages.
by pphysch | 2025-07-21 18:06:46+00:00
This reminds me of when OpenAI made a splash (ages ago now) by beating the world's best Dota 2 teams using a RL model.

...Except they had to substantially bend the rules of the game (limiting the hero pool, completely changing/omitting certain mechanics) to pull this off. So they ended up beating some human Dota pros at a psuedo-Dota custom game, which was still impressive, but a very much watered-down result beneath the marketing hype.

It does seem like Money+Attention outweigh Science+Transparency at OpenAI, and this has always been the case.
by PaulKeeble | 2025-07-21 18:06:51+00:00
I don't think the USA is costing in the political risk of not converting to green energy. You do not want to be the only country emitting significant CO2 in a decades time when everyone else has transitioned. Partly it will be more expensive to keep burning fuel especially when the economy of scale decreases but also the political risk of sanctions will be very high.
by fsckboy | 2025-07-21 18:06:55+00:00
>you might squeeze a tag bit for the deck out of the 7◇

awww, youuuuu!! hugz!

"The Seven of Diamonds meaning in a Tarot reading can show that you will be surrounded by love."

(i was looking it up to find what the different cards looked like and found that)

and yes "you and I might squeeze a bit" later
by woodpanel | 2025-07-21 18:07:02+00:00
> The US is actually an outlier in how taboo it considers first-cousin sexual relations

Not true at all. Just because it is legal doesn’t mean it is considered socially acceptable [1].

> but not considered incestuous in most of Europe

Not according to the catholic church [2].

[1] https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Global_prevalence_...

[2] https://www.vatican.va/archive/cod-iuris-canonici/eng/docume... (see CIC 1091)
by ojosilva | 2025-07-21 18:08:01+00:00
This is hands down one of the best instant payment platforms at the moment. Only India's UPI can match it in features, and China and Thailand in adoption. Most Western countries have had a (somewhat timid) taste of instant payments, but most don't know what it means to just drop credit and debit cards and cash altogether for a system that is not just universally adopted (from apps to flea markets to online payments and subscriptions), but preferred by merchants and consumers alike.

Obviously credit cards give you credit, if that's what you want/need, maybe a postponement until your monthly statement is closed, or chargebacks and maybe insurance, but CCs should be an exception, not the norm they are now, with a bunch of embedded costs we all pay for, one way or another.
by xg15 | 2025-07-21 18:08:12+00:00
I was just paraphrasing the argument from the OP, because I think just asking Gemini is not a valid refutation of it.

> So let’s ask ourselves: would AI have told us this? Remember, when people say AI they are about 95% saying “machine learning”, so would it really have told us about this after having been trained on years and years of the medical literature telling it that neurons are obligate glucose users and don’t really have a role for triglycerides? Of course not. And this is why I keep saying (and I’m sure not the only one) that we simply don’t know enough to teach the machine learning algorithms yet. Not to mention that some of what we’d be teaching them is just wrong to start with.

But yeah, if Gemini cites papers from the 90s, then either the shift in thinking on this topic was further back than Lowe makes it seem here (and the "new findings" are already established for decades) or the model interpreted the old papers differently than the scientists did back then.
by fancyfredbot | 2025-07-21 18:08:44+00:00
Wow they support the whole RDNA4 product line now! Pleased to see AMD seem to finally getting somewhere with ROCm on consumer cards. It's been a long time coming. Looks like the Ryzen AI Max 395 has (Linux only) ROCm support too now.

I'd missed all of this when it arrived but I'm happy to see it. Articles like this one should be appearing a lot more often now and that's a good thing.
by jzelinskie | 2025-07-21 18:09:12+00:00
This is an incredibly useful one-liner. Thank you for sharing!

I'm a big fan of jq, having written my own jq wrapper that supports multiple formats (github.com/jzelinskie/faq), but these days I find myself more quickly reaching for Python when I get any amount of complexity. Being able to use uv scripts in Python has considerably lowered the bar for me to use it for scripting.

Where are you drawing the line?
by Jtsummers | 2025-07-21 18:09:23+00:00
Comments that are just copy/paste from articles almost always gets downvoted and/or flagged. People can always read the article in question to get the same material. If you think something is interesting about the quoted bit, it's more helpful to add your commentary or even just a "Hey, look this section pretty much just requires middle school math." so people can understand why you're copy/pasting from the article.

Without that contextual clue, your comment appears to just be noise.
by bigyabai | 2025-07-21 18:09:54+00:00
The US succeeded, according to American lawmakers: https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2023/12/apple-admits-to-...

Apple has since confirmed in a statement provided to Ars that the US federal government "prohibited" the company "from sharing any information," but now that Wyden has outed the feds, Apple has updated its transparency reporting and will "detail these kinds of requests" in a separate section on push notifications in its next report.

Apple's hidden at least one warrantless backdoor in their systems for the purpose of federal surveillance. I have no reason to believe the exploitation stops there.
by psunavy03 | 2025-07-21 18:09:57+00:00
Is there any documentation on what Mitsubishi's own MHK2 units can do, how well these libs replicate it, and how third-party thermostats factor into that equation?

I recently had a Mitsubishi heat pump installed, and I'm underwhelmed by the 1999-esque stock thermostat, but the vendor swore on the proverbial stack of Bibles that it was the only one that could properly run the unit as it was designed given all the proprietary control laws and so on.
by ClaraForm | 2025-07-21 18:10:09+00:00
Other commenters are wrong. Live-cell can be done with older single-molecule localization microscopy using techniques like PAINT. The fluorophore is usually strategically added in a way that binding-unbinding events cause excitation. Algorithms can then infer identity of single fluorophores based on their excitation pattern/strength and can predict whether it's two distinct fluorophore molecules or the same molecule moving over multiple frames of image acquisition.
by philipkglass | 2025-07-21 18:10:16+00:00
There's a good article here showing how solar, gas, and battery storage work together in the UK:

https://electrotechrevolution.substack.com/p/renewables-allo...

The whole thing is worth reading, but this is the most interesting result:

Let's push the boundaries further and see how much solar we can get in the system without exceeding the 100% gas case’s £76/MWh. Playing with the numbers we find that installing 6.5 GW of solar and 12 GWh of battery storage alongside our 1 GW gas plant, we can get to the result plotted below...

Solar now accounts for over 70% of total generation. During the summer basically all electricity now comes from solar. This system costs the same £76/MWh as the 100% gas case. Remarkably, a combination of 1 GW of gas, 6.5 GW of solar, and 12 GWh of battery storage can achieve the same overall system cost as installing just 1 GW of gas.

The lowest-cost scenario has much less solar, but not 100% gas either:

Solar energy now accounts for over a quarter of total generation, while the total system costs £9/MWh less than just using gas.

You can modestly decarbonize a gas-driven electricity system with solar and save a modest amount of money, or keep costs constant and deeply (though not completely) decarbonize the same system with solar and batteries, even in the relatively sunlight-poor UK.
by TeMPOraL | 2025-07-21 18:10:46+00:00
Did your school used the specific terms "linear programming" and "dynamic programming" to refer to those topics? My original comment didn't phrase this clearly, but I was thinking less about techniques themselves, and more about encountering them under those specific labels.

As an analogy, it's not unusual to learn a good chunk of calculus before learning that "calculus" is a thing they're part of - for example, by having an over-eager physics teacher who teaches you some of it so we can understand physics material deeper, but without ever mentioning the branch of math we're now using.
by catigula | 2025-07-21 18:10:51+00:00
Popular LLMs have a weird confessional style of "owning up" to "mistakes". Firstly, you can make it apologize for mistakes it didn't even commit or ones that don't even exist. Secondly, if you really corner it on an actual mistake, it'll start apologizing in an obsequious way that seems to imply that it's "playing into" the human's desire to flagellate it for wrong-doing. It's a little masochistic in the real sense and very odd.