MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by huitzitziltzin | 2025-07-14 03:39:18+00:00
Great question! And a great example of why the central question in any antitrust issue is defining the market.

Define it narrowly enough, and Firm A buying Firm B might create a monopoly - the regulator cannot approve that.

Define it broadly, and Firm A buying Firm B takes the market from 21 firms to 20 - the regulator is unlikely to stand in the way.

(In practice the market definition question in the US will often happen in front of a judge and the two sides are the merging parties vs. the regulator (FTC or DOJ).)

In this case, is the relevant market “restaurant delivery service via an app” ?

In that case five firms is (likely) moderately concentrated at last. (If you have the market shares of the five firms, you can compute an index called the HHI to get a rough sense of how much more concentrated the market will be before and after a merger.)

However… “app based food delivery” doesn’t seem like a credible market to me. The firms are unlikely to have pricing power either over restaurants or customers.

Candidate competing markets:

- going to the restaurant directly

- making food at home

- delivery provided by the restaurant

Any one of the five firms currently in the market who wanted to buy another would argue to include all three as the “relevant market” in which case their share (both before and after) is tiny.

The regulator will argue for a narrower definition.

When you see commentary on this website about “X is a monopolist” or strong claims like that (which are made frequently!), almost never is there any appeal to a market definition!

Fortunately judges get better input than HN commentators.
by magicalhippo | 2025-07-14 03:42:15+00:00
> The JWST has "17 different modes" (yeah, I wish I knew what that meant exactly)

It's explained in the user documentation[1]. You did read the documentation right?

For example[2]:

JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) has 5 observing modes: imaging, coronagraphy, grism wide field slitless spectroscopy, time-series imaging, and grism time series.

With further details for each in subsections.

[1]: https://jwst-docs.stsci.edu/

[2]: https://jwst-docs.stsci.edu/jwst-near-infrared-camera/nircam...
by alluro2 | 2025-07-14 03:44:49+00:00
I don't mean to be overly harsh, but saying "just changing their diet" is quite ignorant. There's been a huge amount of research into the challenges of weight loss, so it should be (more) common knowledge by now that it's not just about deciding to do it and "having discipline" - it takes much more than that, both physically and psychologically.

I understand where you're coming from, though, I used to think the same - I remember a specific situation where an obese person next to me was breathing heavily from doing something easy and me thinking "how do you hear yourself breathing audibly from doing almost nothing and not decide and just change it". Unfortunately, I got into a situation where I now understand the issue and am struggling to lose weight, despite hearing myself breathing audibly after picking up something from the floor and all the rational understanding and knowledge of what I need to do.

IMO, in a lot of cases, the first step should be going to a therapist.
by 0xDEAFBEAD | 2025-07-14 03:44:53+00:00
>If the workers are majority owners, then they can, for example, fire a CEO that is leading the company in the wrong direction, or trying to cut their salaries, or anything like that.

Why wouldn't the board fire said CEO?

The most common reason to cut salaries is if the company is in dire financial straits regardless. Co-ops are more likely to cut salary and less likely to do layoffs.
by clayhacks | 2025-07-14 03:46:45+00:00
As LLMs lower the cost of creating software, shouldn’t that change this equation? Perhaps we can be focusing on creating well done optimizations now to give more data to LLMs to have them do future optimizations on other projects. Of course you’d still eventually hit a lower bound on any returns at all, but it will be way lower than the pre-LLM era
Show HN: I made a list of free stuff for college founders
by createdbymason | 2025-07-14 03:47:50+00:00
hey HN!

as a college student at uc berkeley who just got into programming this year, i was always looking for free tools.

i found out i could get free cursor pro, free hosting, free domain names, free API credits (chatgpt and claude), all bc i was a student.

thought it was worth sharing with others, so i made this list.

it now includes firecrawl, framer pro, cursor, chatgpt, claude, figma, notion, and more.

i made the submission system open so anyone can add. a few people have already made valuable contributions (e.g. framer pro and firecrawl)

lmk if there is anything that i missed
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-07-14 03:48:15+00:00
> Would you not agree that the bottom 95% of Americans have poor mortality versus most Europeans, based on this data?

Compared with EU Europeans, yes. I don’t think it’s controversial to say that similarly-wealthy Europeans are healthier than their American counterparts.

> we should not be including them for comparison of majority outcomes

OP made a statement about the rich in America doing worse than the poor in Europe.
by maxbond | 2025-07-14 03:48:20+00:00
The 2021 incident is why we know it was a bad decision. They had 4 years of warning. Extreme weather is going to continue becoming more common. Texas is going to continue to face extreme weather. If they don't prepare, people are going to die. It's not really acceptable to say that it's not economical to do something about that, or unnecessary based on outdated flooding models. When there's an urgent problem - yeah, you do have to do something about it. Tradeoffs are useful to decide what we do, not whether.

I think you do your argument a disservice by using that particular example. If you're going to imply some lives were simply uneconomical to save, and when challenged say that you aren't familiar enough with the matter to discuss what else could've been done, it just comes off callous. I'm not left with the impression you don't think the alarm system was necessary because you understand the tradeoffs.

The problem isn't that Texans are valuing their lives too much and insisting on too many safeguards. The problem is that the safeguards are insufficient.
by 0xDEAFBEAD | 2025-07-14 03:48:36+00:00
How specifically would you expect a typical SV corp's policies to change if employee equity passes from 49% to 51%?

Remember, if employees own 49%, if they can persuade just 2% of the other shareholders that a change will be positive for the business, they can make that change. So minority vs majority is not as significant as it may seem.
by Veedrac | 2025-07-14 03:49:13+00:00
I'm not really following. You said, "I don’t think we can scale up storage enough at any reasonable cost." We checked the math. The math said that even with pessimistic numbers, that assume no cost improvement and that everything deprecates as fast as the batteries, the amount of storage needed was readily affordable. You agree that there's a reasonable chance the price could go down, and agree that parts other than the battery chemistry do indeed last much longer.

Isn't that the whole debate? What are we arguing about at this point?
by BoiledCabbage | 2025-07-14 03:50:27+00:00
> I wonder if this is related to Grok thinking it's a reincarnation of Hitler.

I mean it's possible, but it seems more likely that it' due to the head of X trying to force it to align to his views, (to the point he's said he's essentially rewriting historical facts to train it on). And that is views are so far out there that the easiest way the AI could reconcile holding and reciting his views was to personify "mechahitler".
by oefrha | 2025-07-14 03:51:22+00:00
Assholes online were not “made popular recently”.

Gotta love seeing a code of conduct:

> We as members, contributors, and leaders pledge to make participation in our community a harassment-free experience for everyone

And down in Enforcement (emphasis mine):

> Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement at [INSERT CONTACT METHOD]. All complaints will be reviewed and investigated promptly and fairly.

What’s the point of this dance when you can’t bother to fill out the contact.
by koiueo | 2025-07-14 03:51:25+00:00
If we apply your logic, then every mainstream language has the coloring problem with not just two, but a multitude of colors.

// OMG we can't call this without passing the service // This function is people-colored public Person findPersonByName(PeopleService service, String name) { // OMG we can't find without the service service.find(name) }

EDIT: formatting
by ehnto | 2025-07-14 03:53:06+00:00
It is no coincidence that the most popular procedurally generated games feature highly systemic gameplay.

These are systems sandboxes, places for players to explore a world and build their own stories. There are not many examples of popular games where the story is heavily procedural, and I think the reason is obvious. Players notice the pattern very quickly and get bored.

Stories are entertainment and are meant to entertain you, but systemic games are different, they are designed for you to entertain yourself with your own creativity. The proc gen just helps paint the background.

I think it's important to look at procedural generation in games through that lens, otherwise you're likely criticising proc gen for something it's not really used for that much. Proc gen content is rarely the cornerstone of a game.
by vardump | 2025-07-14 03:54:20+00:00
The configuration is indeed daunting for a beginner.

Perhaps one could set up some reasonable WinUAE (or whatever) configuration and use WHDLoad from the Amiga OS itself? You can have all the memory you want and mostly it works with a much faster CPU as well.

WHDLoad is a much less painful way to play Amiga legacy games. Quick loading times and can cleanly exit back to the Workbench as well.

There are menu systems for launching practically any Amiga game that way in a matter of seconds.

There are also premade hard disk images that have everything preinstalled, including the games.
by bradly | 2025-07-14 03:56:11+00:00
> That’s fascinating to me. Generally, the homes people buy to live in aren’t optimal investment properties. Why not sell and buy something optimized for return and growth?

Great question and one I wrestled with until hearing Paula Pant's perspective:

You _really_ know the house you already own. You have a much better understanding of its issues and capital expenses in the next 1-5 years, than a house you are purchasing with an inspection. You know the yard, the neighbors, the city regs, the roof, the plumbing, the weird dog two doors down, and the weirder neighbor three doors down. The mom and pop investor have a much greater risk-of-ruin on a single property than an institutional investor, so this knowledge is extremely valuable.

The second reason is you most likely purchased that house with a non-investment mortgage, so you get priced in a bit to converting to an investment property after the living in it. My non-owner occupied mortgages for my investment properties required 30-35% down and had a much higher interest rate. Converting your existing home avoids all that.

Thirdly, taxes. Selling a house triggers a taxable event and with investment properties will heavily push the seller towards a 1031 exchange to avoid a hefty tax bill that year. A 1031 basically requires you to pick 3 specific properties when your property closes with a requirement to purchase one of those three in the immediate six months or face a capital gains bill is a hard bill to swallow. Depending on the state in the United States, purchasing a new property will also reset your property tax bill, while an existing property can have property taxes well below the current rate based solely on property values when purchased.
by jjcm | 2025-07-14 03:57:42+00:00
Great work on this - I made a terminal command similar to this (llmpeg), and was actively trying to get exactly this working - a webasm compiled version of ffmpeg that could encode in the browser. I for the life of me couldn't get the provided examples on https://github.com/ffmpegwasm/ffmpeg.wasm to run.

Just for my own development curiosity, was there anything specific you had to do to get ffmpegwasm to work?
by djtango | 2025-07-14 03:57:45+00:00
Just because we have made innovations in the method of research and discovery doesn't mean that we should throw away everything that we had before.

Around me I see practices like "gratitude", "meditation" and "breathing exercises" get bandied around like they're some new profound thing as if we hadn't known about for thousands of years that have appeared in various guises universally throughout different civilisations.

Just because the metaphors and models of explanations could be flawed doesn't mean the effects should be thrown out

Edit: I have a good friend, a scientist no less, who suffered from severe eczema and was completely let down by western medicine who was put through decades of progressively stronger and stronger steroids. Nothing worked. Eventually the doctors gave up and shrugged their shoulders and was advised to give "alternative medicine" a go. Desperate my friend visited a traditional Chinese doctor who was prepared to guide them through a rigorous exclusion diet while also preparing mystery herb soup and suddenly a lifetime of eczema subsided and became very manageable.

The older I get the more determined I find myself trying to glean the accrued wisdom of people who came before us...
by WalterBright | 2025-07-14 03:58:11+00:00
I'm learning AArch64 assembly in the process of writing a code generator for it. godbolt.org is a great resource for "how do I do this?" Write a short function, run it through godbolt.org, see the instructions generated, lookup the instructions in the spec:

https://www.scs.stanford.edu/~zyedidia/arm64/encodingindex.h...

It'll be my keynote presentation at the D conference next month.
by maxglute | 2025-07-14 03:59:17+00:00
Well marketted placebo has it's place, ancient wisdom/mysticism more useful make believe than plethora of of modern health supplments backed by mediocre "research". It's easier placebo narrative to believe in.

E: A 100b (possibly multiple) industry doesn't hurt either, which is... shockingly large. I was going to joke people spend more on dumber things to feel good, but that's... a solid chunk of change.
by throwawaymaths | 2025-07-14 03:59:36+00:00
> Zig expects you to pass

It does no such thing. you could pass a function a vtable and the vtable could have one implementation that calls an io stashed in the parent of the vtable, and a different vtable that doesnt and the function calling the vtable would be none the wiser. what is the color of the function that took the vtable?

this is not just academic; it would be for example the basis for mocked integration tests on a database or over the net api call.
by Elixir6419 | 2025-07-14 03:59:51+00:00
i am not sure about the OP or the motivation and I am not a Streak runner/mover myself, but I do see the appeal of it, that will keep someone moving and exercise more or less consistently. Overall maybe the bad it is doing on bad days, is compensated with the good it is doing on good/average days. It is a long term motivator. For me now that i was cycling about 2-300km per week last year, going to nearly 0 this year so far because life and stuff, makes it pretty hard mentally to get back into the saddle, because of reduced performance, fatigue and just the general feeling of what it felt like to be in a faster group ride that I would get dropped from and i need to work my way back up there in performance and endurance. Having a streak going might have helped with this.
by m_kos | 2025-07-14 03:59:59+00:00
> I've never seen Claude Code do anything that git couldn't easily reverse, so I'm not that worried about that any more.

I had one agent that installed something with pip and used it to rewrite my git history. It used the wrong flag and what was left was one file. I am glad I caught it before auto-commit and push triggered. It was one of my hobby projects, so not a huge deal. I can't imagine the fallout of this happening in a work environment.
by WalterBright | 2025-07-14 04:00:04+00:00
Deciding who gets to buy what is known as central economic planning. It doesn't have a good track record.

In this case, by restricting who can buy, you're reducing the demand for housing. Less demand means lower prices. Lower prices mean fewer homes will be built, meaning less supply.

A better scheme would be to lower the costs of home construction by reducing regulations and taxes on them.
by jongjong | 2025-07-14 04:00:06+00:00
I think money is very important.

My experience is; if you get lucky, you might meet someone who will stay with you even without money, but you basically have to live through trauma together, to create that kind of bond. I feel like only extreme traumatic hardship can keep people together when they don't have money.

Some rich people feel jealous of poor people "This guy is dirt poor and yet his wife stayed with him." but they're missing the fact that these two people probably share so much trauma that it's very difficult to relate to anyone else after that. They stay together because they literally lack alternatives; nobody else can possibly understand their pain. Which is the core of their identity. It's not pleasant at all. Also, it's almost impossible to make new friends when you're poor for the same reason. You can't relate to anyone. People get rich for a small number of reasons (it's a unifying experience) but people get poor for a million different reasons which feels like falling through hundreds of different invisible cracks (it's a divisive experience).

Being poor, every time I do something unnecessary like small talk or making a joke, I feel unnatural and fake. At a profound level, I don't understand how it's possible to have friends 'just for fun'. Everything I do must have a path towards money. I feel guilty otherwise. I could have spent this time practicing my coding or writing skills or earning money.
by zinekeller | 2025-07-14 04:00:11+00:00
> Some DPIs just flat out block HTTP/3 already.

Actually, some DPIs just straight-up reject UDP (and since DNS and NTP are UDP-based*, just straight-up interception-and-redirect).

* TCP DNS exists but practically not used for most "normal" tasks, and at this point the censor is trying to block anything anyways.
by muhdeeb | 2025-07-14 04:02:00+00:00
The trouble with holograms, if I understand them correctly, is that when storing information in a phase structure, to change one small part of the information you are storing, the hologram must be adjusted everywhere. The bits are encoded in a way that’s a bit nonlocal. I think a reasonable analogy is how small changes to a structure affect its Fourier transform. The whole thing leaps in Fourier space for a little wiggle in direct space. I foresee that being troublesome for write operations.
OpenAI's "Archive" Button in ChatGPT Still Eats Conversations No Way to Recover
by contentist | 2025-07-14 04:03:08+00:00
I just lost hours of writing to the “Archive” feature in ChatGPT.

I clicked the button expecting it to behave like archiving behaves in Gmail, Notion, or basically any application built in the last 20 years—that is, to remove the item from my main list while preserving access via a dedicated "Archived" section.

Instead, the conversation disappeared. It’s gone from my Recents list. Search doesn’t return it. There’s no visible “Archive” view in the sidebar. There’s no undo, no tooltip, no warning, no recovery. Just… gone.

I dug around and found a Reddit thread about this from 2023. https://www.reddit.com/r/ChatGPT/comments/18ihp2t/chatgpt_archive_button_cant_restore_conversations/ It’s now mid-2025. The issue hasn’t been addressed, and the button still behaves like a silent data trap. No changes. No documentation. No acknowledgement.

What’s baffling is that this isn't some edge case—it’s a core UI action on a product used by millions. One that many trust for long-form thinking, drafts, brainstorming, coding, and deeply personal work.

And yes, I’m aware OpenAI devs are paid top-of-market salaries. I’ve seen the Levels.fyi breakdowns. But I’m not here to rant about that—I’m here to ask a very basic question:

Why is a destructive, unlabeled, and irrecoverable UI action still in production after two years?

If anyone at OpenAI sees this: Please either remove the button or make it behave like an archive.

Some of us out here don’t have infinite resources or second chances. And we use these tools to think. When they discard our work, they discard more than just words.
by peterlk | 2025-07-14 04:03:39+00:00
I am never sure which notes I am going to reference again. Most of my daily notes go unread forever. But occasionally, that seemingly trivial thing that I jotted down in a meeting turns out to be _very_ important. I have AI assistants that take notes for me too, but somehow I can’t stop taking notes in meetings - and occasionally this has saved me (note taker bugged out).

Daily notes are also where I do a lot of scratch pad thinking, and occasionally those come in handy as well.
by somenameforme | 2025-07-14 04:04:11+00:00
Carlin's comedy peaked during near the era that I think most consider the Golden Age of America. Times have immeasurably changed since then.

On the tech side of things Google has recently been hit by multiple anti-trust lawsuits, and lost them all. That's perhaps even less telling than the evidence presented. They brazenly and actively conspired to kill or buy any and all competition, but they've become so large (and so important to the US intelligence agencies) that they'll get nothing more than the most gentle slap on the wrist, relative to their scale. The moral of the story seems to be don't cheat, but if you're going to cheat - cheat relentlessly, ruthlessly, and take it to an extreme - and it might just become worth it.

Politics has become similar. Politicians have become way better at their jobs in modern times than in Carlin's era. Their "job" of course is just to get elected. It turns out that actually having a platform or popular ideas is far less useful than making people hate and fear 'the other guy' enough. When you rely on hate and fear, people will even actively vote for people they despise simply because 'it's the lesser evil.' With modern politicking even Reagan-Mondale would have still been a 50/50 coinflip and Regan would be an imminent threat to American democracy, and Mondale would want to turn your kids gay. Actually if we reached the modern era of divisiveness and stupidity in Carlin's time, there's a real chance America, certainly as we know it, wouldn't even exist today.
by bsenftner | 2025-07-14 04:04:47+00:00
I think you need to add some liberal filename handling. I have directories of videos generated by various AI video models, and they have spaces in the filenames, not just one, but the prompt to generate the video plus the major parameters are all the filename. They are long, pains in the ass to work with, but they are there. Would be nice if your tool could work with them.
by hintymad | 2025-07-14 04:05:46+00:00
Isn't it funny? Lina Khan and the US government in general blocked all kinds of tech acquisition and merger to the point that companies got creative and as a result many Windsurf employees got screwed. On the other hand, it's totally normal that a handful companies control our food supply chain. And it's totally normal for the federal government to spend $2.5B to revamp a 4/5-story HQ. In contrast, China built Hangzhou Bay Bridge of 36 kilometers for less than $2B. The U.S is starting to feel more and more like the late Western Roman Empire — tangled in the competing interests of entrenched factions, with real reform no longer possible