MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by gametorch | 2025-07-19 11:56:25+00:00
Okay, let's see you try any one of the past IMOs and show us your score.

It's really hard.

See my other comment. I was voted the best at math in my entire high school by my teachers, completed the first two years of college classes while still in high school. I've tried IMO problems for fun. I'm very happy if I get one right. I'd be infinitely satisfied to score a perfect on 3 out of 6 problems and that's nowhere near gold.
by zahlman | 2025-07-19 11:57:35+00:00
21/26, with a couple of sleep-deprived brainfarts and a misclick. Learned very little, although I had the wrong reasoning for one of the ones I got right (tested afterward). I don't even use the {var=} thing or walrus operator, though.

I would definitely not do nearly as well on jsdate.wtf. I really still think JS has the greater WTFs.
by Tainnor | 2025-07-19 11:59:11+00:00
> All the layers of abstraction are well intended and often useful. But they by no means eliminate the need to understand in detail the hard facts underlying computer engineering if you want to build performant and reliable software.

Agreed. A good abstraction usually doesn't obviate the need for understanding what's going on behind the scenes, it just means that I don't have to think about it all the time.

As a more extreme example, I don't usually think about the fact that the Java (or Kotlin, Scala, ...) compiler generates bytecode that runs in an interpreter that translates the bytecode to machine code on the fly. But sometimes it's useful to remember (e.g. when dealing with instrumentation).

Another example are things like databases, or concurrency constructs, etc. There it's usually good to know the properties they guarantee and one way to be able to reason through these is by having some understanding of how they're implemented under the hood.
by saagarjha | 2025-07-19 11:59:13+00:00
I did competitive math in high school and I can confidently say that they are anything but "basic". I definitely can't solve them now (as an adult) and it's likely I never will. The same is true for most people, including people who actually pursued math in college (I didn't). I'm not going to be the next guy who unknowingly challenges a Putnam winner to do these but I will just say that it is unlikely that someone who actually understands the difficulty of these problems would say that they are not hard.

For those following along but without math specific experience: consider whether your average CS professor could solve a top competitive programming question. Not Leetcode hard, Codeforces hard.
by kqr | 2025-07-19 11:59:43+00:00
I'm sure you know this but a lot of people don't: if you want to stop quickly, use the front brake while adjusting your weight backward. The rear wheel can skid along a good distance, but if you apply the front brake to the point of wheelie liftofff but no further, that's as fast as you'll stop.

Aside from just laying down and scraping yourself against the rode, which might still be preferable depending on the alternative!

(Gravel or other slippery surface where the front wheel would just skid? You're toast. Ride slowly instead.)
by jlouis | 2025-07-19 11:59:50+00:00
A good way to gauge if "asynchrony" is a term we need is to test if it is useful in other contexts than just a single language, or a single concurrency design.

If it's needed to reason correctly in a wide set of concurrency models, then I'd say it's going to be a useful addition. If not, then I'd say it's not really worth using in the grander scheme of things.

I.e., does this make any sense in Haskell, Erlang, OCaml, Scheme, Rust, Go, .... ?(assuming we pick one of the many concurrency models available in Haskell, Rust and OCaml).

More generally: if things are cooperatively scheduled, then there's a need for attention to additional details. This is because it's much easier for a bad piece of code to affect the system as a whole, by locking it up, or generating latency-problems. In a preemptively scheduled world, a large group of problems disappear instantly, since you can't lock up the system in the same way.
by mxmlnkn | 2025-07-19 12:00:01+00:00
Even if you could separate mercury-198 for zero cost, it would only be 10% of the mercury production, and the yearly mercury production is 4500 t/yr, i.e., at most a maximum of 450 t/yr mercury-198. Compare this to gold production, which is 3100 t/yr, or silver production of 27000 t/yr. One might argue that mercury production could be ramped up if it is needed more, but its Earth's crust abundance is only slightly higher than silver, and again, mercury-198 would be 10x rarer than silver, i.e., only twice as abundant as gold.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_elements_in_Earth...
by AIPedant | 2025-07-19 12:00:14+00:00
It almost certainly is specialized to IMO problems, look at the way it is answering the questions: https://xcancel.com/alexwei_/status/1946477742855532918

E.g here: https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GwLtrPeWIAUMDYI.png?name=orig

Frankly it looks to me like it's using an AlphaProof style system, going between natural language and Lean/etc. Of course OpenAI will not tell us any of this.
by torlok | 2025-07-19 12:00:38+00:00
As a polish YouTube user who wants to watch content in both languages, it's an infuriating no. YouTube started translating titles recently for me, and the translations are pure nonsense. I'm not exaggerating, it's dumb word for word translation with no context. I have to reverse engineer titles now. Even more recently they turned audio translation on too with the most ear piercing voice possible, but that can be turned off. Title translation can't be turned off.
by zelphirkalt | 2025-07-19 12:01:26+00:00
Performance matters, but at least initially only as far as it doesn't complicate your code significantly. That's why a simple static website often beats some hyper modern latest framework optimization journey websites. You gotta maintain that shit. And you are making sacrifices elsewhere, in the areas of accessibility and possibly privacy and possibly ethics.

So yeah, make sure not to lose performance unreasonably, but also don't obsess with performance to the point of making things unusable or way too complicated for what they do.
by rayiner | 2025-07-19 12:01:49+00:00
Gemini, what did the Slaughterhouse Cases say about the 14th amendment’s reference to “subject to the jurisdiction?”

The *Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)* famously narrowed the interpretation of the 14th Amendment, particularly its Privileges or Immunities Clause. While the case primarily focused on that clause, the Court also touched upon the "subject to the jurisdiction" language in the citizenship clause.

The 14th Amendment states: "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."

In the Slaughterhouse Cases, Justice Samuel Miller, writing for the majority, briefly clarified the meaning of "subject to the jurisdiction thereof." He stated that this phrase was intended to *exclude certain categories of individuals from automatic birthright citizenship*, even if they were born on U.S. soil. Specifically, he mentioned:

* *Children of foreign ministers or consuls:* These individuals are considered to be under the jurisdiction of their parents' sovereign nation, not the United States. * *Children of citizens or subjects of foreign states born within the United States:* This was a general exclusion for those whose allegiance was considered to be to another country, such as children of enemy aliens during wartime.

The primary purpose of this clause, in the context of the post-Civil War era, was to firmly establish the citizenship of formerly enslaved people, overturning the Dred Scott decision. However, the "subject to the jurisdiction" language ensured that certain exceptions to territorial birthright citizenship were maintained, consistent with international law and diplomatic practice.

It's important to note that while the Slaughterhouse Cases introduced this interpretation, the scope of "subject to the jurisdiction" for birthright citizenship was later more definitively addressed and affirmed in United States v. Wong Kim Ark (1898), which held that a child born in the United States to Chinese immigrants who were not citizens was indeed a U.S. citizen because he was "subject to the jurisdiction" of the United States.
Show HN: NativeSwap – Low cost cross-chain swaps without wrappers or bridges
by sourovaf | 2025-07-19 12:01:58+00:00
Hi HN,

We’ve been working on NativeSwap.io, a low-cost decentralized cross-chain swap platform. It lets users swap native assets (e.g. BTC <--> DOGE) directly, without using wrapped tokens or centralized bridges.

Our goal is to make cross-chain swaps cheaper, simpler, and safer. The platform is fully non-custodial and supports both regular and streaming swaps. Under the hood, it leverages liquidity from protocols like ThorChain and Maya Protocol.

Currently, We support the following blockchains:

- Bitcoin - Ethereum - BNB Smart Chain - Ripple - Dogecoin - Litecoin - Bitcoin Cash - Zcash - Base - Avalanche - Arbitrum - Dash - Radix - ThorChain - Maya Protocol

More are on the way.

We currently support Metamask and CTRL as browser wallets, as well as keystore files. Support for additional wallets is in progress.

We built this because most solutions either rely on wrapped assets or require trusting centralized bridges - both of which introduce risk. Many existing interfaces also charge high fees.

Would love feedback on the product, UI/UX, performance, security assumptions or anything else. Still early, but happy to answer questions and improve!

Thanks for checking it out
by delusional | 2025-07-19 12:02:28+00:00
How would Visa/Master know? Steam doesn't include information about which games are purchased in the receipt (at least as far as I know). Unless they have some sort of back-channel they wouldn't know what's being charged back.

If Valve was getting a complaint from Visa/Master about charge back rates of certain games, I believe they'd be more forthcoming with that information. What we're seeing here is more consistent with Visa/Master taking offense with what the platform offers.

In either case, I find the lack of communication from Visa/Master deafening. If Visa/Master was seeing high chargeback rates from incest games on steam. Why would they not eagerly offer that data?
by bilekas | 2025-07-19 12:02:34+00:00
> It could simply be a tool, and we could get back to the real, unglamorous, but ultimately more rewarding work of using it to build better things.

I agree completely from a developer point of view, as for it being a bubble.. I'm not sure. It seems that it's a couple of companies enticing people to integrate things into their system so deeply that later, they can name their price and dictate their terms so that all technology falls in line with how they want things to play out.

We can see it already happening with VC investment not touching anything that doesn't have AI integrated.

Less innovation and creativity from smaller startups means less competition, which is great for business.
by troupo | 2025-07-19 12:03:04+00:00
> before we have any idea what the market is going to look like in a couple years.

Oh, we already know large chunks of it, and the regulations explicitly address that.

If the chest-beating crowd would be presented with these regulations piecemeal, without ever mentioning EU, they'd probably be in overwhelming support of each part.

But since they don't care to read anything and have an instinctive aversion to all things regulatory and most things EU, we get the boos and the jeers
by rayiner | 2025-07-19 12:04:40+00:00
The notion of Congress “delegating powers” to administrative agencies is entirely incompatible with the constitution.

The administrative agencies do not merely “advise.” They make regulations with the force of law (legislative power), enforce those regulations (executive power), and adjudicate violations of the regulations (judicial power). That concentration of the three powers into a single entity is the very thing the Constitution goes to great lengths to avoid.
by the_mitsuhiko | 2025-07-19 12:04:51+00:00
I was not sure about the difficulty. Python has some really weird behaviors with some of the custom __format__. For instance f"{'None':<010}" will pad out, but f"{None:<010}" will error. The only one I ended up putting in is the gotcha that bool is an int subclass and gets the int behavior for custom format parameters (which almost sounds like a bug). f'{''''''''''''}' is also a weird one, but that is mostly an issue with the string concatenation syntax and not fstrings :)

There definitely are some more odd / confusing ones.
by swores | 2025-07-19 12:04:53+00:00
If Reddit serves 20 billion page views per month, at an average of 5MB per page (these numbers are at least in the vicinity of being right), then reducing the page size by 10% would by your maths be worth 238,000 burgers, or a 50% reduction worth almost 1.2million burgers per month. That's hardly insignificant for a single (admittedly, very popular) website!

(In addition to what justmarc said about accounting for the whole network. Plus I suspect between feeding them and the indirect effects of their contribution to climate change, I suspect you're being generous about the cost of a burger.)
by natn | 2025-07-19 12:05:15+00:00
There's a discussion thread on the GitHub community discussion full of people saying this is the best feature on GitHub today.

It's a shame GitHub never promoted it. At one point they even disabled it for existing users, and since then it's only been available to users who happen to find it under "Feature Preview".

https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/166528
by kldg | 2025-07-19 12:05:26+00:00
I was pretty pleased to see a news article on the x86/x86-64 emulator for RISC-V, felix86, recently, where they've had success running Steam and playing relatively complicated 3D games using a PCIe graphics card.

Dealing with MCUs for projects, RISC-V Espressif chips and boards are no-brainers now; I buy big bags of ESP32 boards from Seeed. I get some free ARM boards at work, which are neat - I always love playing with MCUs - but they're relatively power-hungry and expensive without a lot to show for it. I'm either using a ~$6 ESP32 board or a ~$1 ATTiny in a DIP package for home/fun projects. ESP32s are starting to show up in consumer electronics I find, too, along with the relatively pared-down ESP8266s which I'm not as fond of, though I can still flash them easily over USB-TTL at least, so whatever.

In the SBC space, ARM is competing with x86. RISC-V exists but only really for enthusiasts. RISC-V may start making inroads here soon. I picked up some Radxa Rock 2F boards (using ARM-based Rockchips) for ~$12 shipped a few months ago, they run Debian, and these have been fantastic for projects (though now ~impossible to source the cheap 1GB variant of). It's difficult to imagine it being worth getting involved in this nightmarishly competitive space, though obviously some still do. Most seem to try finding some obscure niche to justify a high markup.

In many workloads, it's more the GPU that matters. I need an MMU, a PCIe slot, and driver support. Most of us don't really need these outlandishly complex and CPU-centric $100+ ATX motherboards, or even CPU/RAM sockets/slots; just solder it on. -Like, how often do people even upgrade the CPU on a motherboard anymore? I'm more liable to throw the whole thing out because it doesn't have any 10PB/s 240GW USB9 quantum ports, so cut materials, decrease surface area, lower cost, and make it disposable.
by markus_zhang | 2025-07-19 12:05:35+00:00
I still don't get why so many developers are making AI tools, improving AI and integrating AI. Great job removing your fellow developers and yourselves from the working force in the future, then.

Yeah I know you are going to laugh at this old silly me who are not 100% with advancements of human society. Go ahead and have fun while you can.

But let me say this: I get why GN thinks like this. I get why corporation leaders claim that AI could replace developers, whether it is true or not. I get why John Carmack and other similar tier programmers are trying to make GenAI. But if you are one if the rest, a.k.a. mediocre developers, good luck promoting and making AI tools.
by grues-dinner | 2025-07-19 12:06:11+00:00
> completely reasonable

This is a personal decision to be made by the data "donor".

The NHS website cookie banner (which does have a correct implementation in that the "no consent" button is of equal prominence to the "mi data es su data" button) says:

> We'd also like to use analytics cookies. These collect feedback and send information about how our site is used to services called Adobe Analytics, Adobe Target, Qualtrics Feedback and Google Analytics. We use this information to improve our site.

In my opinion, it is not, as described, "completely reasonable" to consider such data hand-off to third parties as implicitly consented to. I may trust the NHS but I may not trust their partners.

If the data collected is strictly required for the delivery of the service and is used only for that purpose and destroyed when the purpose is fulfilled (say, login session management), you don't need a banner.

The NHS website is in a slightly tricky position, because I genuinely think they will be trying to use the data for site and service improvement, at least for now, and they hopefully have done their homework to make sure Adobe, say, are also not misusing the data. Do I think the same from, say, the Daily Mail website? Absolutely not, they'll be selling every scrap of data before the TCP connection even closes to anyone paying. Now, I may know the Daily Mail is a wretched hive of villainy and can just not go there, but I do not know about every website I visit. Sadly the scumbags are why no-one gets nice things.
by kvajsvem333 | 2025-07-19 12:07:02+00:00
This what Claude told me:

Your coworker's stance is quite extreme and problematic from both technical and business perspectives. While there's a kernel of truth to concerns about code context, their absolute refusal to touch any legacy code is unrealistic and unprofessional. Here's why their position doesn't hold up: The context argument has limits. Yes, understanding original intent helps, but well-written code should be reasonably self-documenting, and professional developers are expected to work with unfamiliar codebases regularly. If code is truly incomprehensible without the original author, that's a code quality problem, not a reason to never touch it. Business impact matters. Refusing customer-requested changes - especially simple ones like status code adjustments - because of authorship is putting personal comfort over business needs. That's not sustainable in any professional environment. It's part of the job. Maintaining and modifying existing code, regardless of who wrote it, is fundamental to software development. Every developer inherits code from others constantly. The real issue might be deeper. Your coworker might be using this as an excuse because they're overwhelmed by the codebase's complexity, lack confidence in making changes safely, or are trying to avoid responsibility for a messy service they inherited. Your frustration is completely understandable. This approach creates unnecessary friction with customers and forces management intervention on routine technical decisions. It's also unfair to you and other team members who have to deal with the fallout. Have you considered whether your coworker might benefit from pair programming or code review support to build confidence with the legacy code?
by aaaja | 2025-07-19 12:07:08+00:00
> trans rights. These are entirely imported issues from US religious hangups.

No, in the UK it was left-wing feminists who led the opposition to gender identity policies long before any conservatives got involved, on the basis of this being harmful to women's rights.

Just look at the recent For Women Scotland win in the Supreme Court, it's nothing to do with US religious groups at all, and everything to do with protecting sex-based rights and sexual orientation in law.
by troupo | 2025-07-19 12:08:36+00:00
> I don't know who thought this was a good user experience

Which youtube decision of recent years ever thought about user experience?

It's all "company bets" and "promotion tracks".

When it was a fight against TikTok you got Shorts that you can't get rid of.

Now you probably have to "show commitment to our AI offerings" or something. So you get autotranslated videos by a team which will get 500k bonuses and will move on in a month
by constantcrying | 2025-07-19 12:09:37+00:00
But this is a failure on the part of the EU law makers. They did not understand how their laws would look in practice.

Obviously some websites need to collect certain data and the EU provided a pathway for them to do that, user consent. It was essentially obvious that every site which wanted to collect data for some reason also could just ask for consent. If this wasn't intended by the EU it was obviously foreseeable.

>The mistake the EU made was to not foresee the madness used to make these decisions.

Exactly. Because the EU law makers are incompetent and they lack technical understanding and the ability to write laws which clearly define what is and what isn't okay.

What makes all these EU laws so insufferable isn't that they make certain things illegal, it is that they force everyone to adopt specific compliance processes, which often do exactly nothing to achieve the intended goal.

User consent was the compliance path to be able to gather more user data. Not foreseeing that sites would just ask that consent was a failure of stupid bureaucrats.

Of course they did not intend that sites would just show pop ups, but the law they created made this the most straightforward path for compliance.
by tyleo | 2025-07-19 12:09:59+00:00
Agreed with this. I happen to work on some Unity projects that do not have namespace and file structure in sync. Unity makes this more likely to some extent.

Features like this just cause more unexpected and surprising things to happen.

I always tell folks I work with to have a “reader bias” when writing code. People bend backwards to add fancy reflection and magic to automatically save 3 lines of code then spend days of headache debugging it when it causes a problem.
by Disposal8433 | 2025-07-19 12:10:53+00:00
As someone who works on a codebase with almost no comments, please leave a comment for every block of code that does something and explain why (1 comment for every 5 or 10 lines of code should be fine).

And for regex you have this in some languages: https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#re.X
by nickpsecurity | 2025-07-19 12:11:41+00:00
"The paper was rejected from a conference, and Vinyals, discouraged, turned to other topics."

"The original distillation paper, still published only on the arxiv.org preprint server, has now been cited more than 25,000 times (opens a new tab)."

I wonder what the reason was for rejecting this critical paper.
by Al-Khwarizmi | 2025-07-19 12:12:11+00:00
> Some of these games seem completely abhorrent

Why would you consider those abhorrent while games where you can slaughter people, or commit all kinds of crimes like any random GTA, are widely considered normal?

I'll never understand American morals. What's clear is that we need non-US payment processors so that the values of a given culture aren't imposed worldwide.
by louthy | 2025-07-19 12:12:14+00:00
That was waaaay after it had become an 'issue' in the US and exported. I also doubt they would describe themselves as "left-wing feminists". That language is incorrect at best and inflammatory at worst.

In 2014, Time magazine declared trans rights as "America's next civil rights frontier" [1]. For Women Scotland was formed in 2018 [2].

(Just looked at your comment history. Just, wow... is the trans issue the only one you care about?)

[1] https://time.com/135480/transgender-tipping-point/

[2] https://forwomen.scot/about/