MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by mindslight | 2025-07-06 18:44:46+00:00
I mean, one instance of helicopter money was people getting PPP "loans" that would then have counted as taxable income, had they not gone and bought a fancy new truck/trailer with sec 179 accelerated depreciation, and supply shock making that a sellers market. Another instance was propping up the stock market because The Line must never go down, which then made a whole lot of people feel rich to spend on home improvement/expansions rather than hunkering down with what they had.

These are anecdotes, but I don't see how all of that new money would not have contribute to price inflation, but with a delay because the immediate velocity of money was low. If you want to point me to some of the graphs you're thinking I'll certainly give them a look with an open mind, but denying that fundamental dynamic feels close to the opposing propaganda that's always maintaining that monetary inflation has no bearing on price inflation.
by the__alchemist | 2025-07-06 18:45:35+00:00
You and many people.

Give 4 a try! Its multiplayer is excellent. Kind of a hybrid between Starcraft and AoE2 in terms of pacing and civ divergence. (Fewer, more diverse civs)

The archer kiting/dodging mechanic that dominates AoE2 is gone.

I play AoE2, not 4 because that's what my friends play, but 4 is the more interesting one from a strategy perspective. More opportunities to surprise the opponent, use novel strats, go off meta etc.
by brudgers | 2025-07-06 18:47:12+00:00
I agree that it is a poor man's Lisp machine...and for all practical intent every other type of person's Lisp machine.

I mean Lisp machines were still built on the Von Neumann architecture and were general purpose computers. The hardware bits of a Lisp machine are exactly as colorless as the hardware bits of a 486SX.
by 93po | 2025-07-06 18:47:45+00:00
it'd be really silly to have a long distance anything with full starlink bandwidth and not transmit images or video. they would have seen law enforcement catch it and poke at it for sure. and even if it was just telemetry, they'd see it was stationary for some period of time, and maybe even detect it was out of the water for a prolonged period of time
by kiitos | 2025-07-06 18:48:32+00:00
A CLI tool is a native binary that I can run directly via e.g. `/path/to/binary`. If I need to use `uv run ...` to execute something, then that thing isn't really a CLI tool, it's an interpreted script, which relies on an interpreter that needs to be available as a pre-requisite, and all of the numerous complications that follow from that...
by alwillis | 2025-07-06 18:48:46+00:00
> And at the bottom it’s revealed that this costs $200/month.

I started with the pay-as-you go plan; I'm currently using the Claude Pro plan at $20/month which is great for my use case.

> And none of these AI companies are profitable. Imagine how much it will cost or how much it will be enshittified when the investors come looking for their returns.

I suspect investors will give AI companies a lot of runway. OpenAI went from $0 to over $10 billion in revenue in less than 3 years. I know that's not a profit but it bodes well for the future.

(As an aside, it took Microsoft 22 years to reach $10 billion in revenue.)

Anthropic went from $0 in 2021 to over $4 billion in about 3 years.

In comparison, it took Twitter about eleven years after its founding in 2006 to become profitable in 2017. And for much of that time, Twitter didn't have a viable business model.

I don't think investors are concerned.

Regarding lawsuits, I'm sure the AI companies will win some and lose some. Either way, after all is said and done, there will be settlements and agreements. Nothing is going to stop this train.

But—chalk one up for Anthropic for winning their case, Meta getting a favorable ruling and all the rest [1].

> won a copyright lawsuit against Claude it would suddenly not be so good at writing swift code.

I suspect Claude is going to get really good at writing Swift--Anthropic is working with Apple [2].

> …but the AI fatigue is real

You might want to get off the internet if you're already suffering from AI fatigue; things are just getting started.

[1]: "AI companies start winning the copyright fight" -- https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2025/jun/30/ai-techsc...

[2]: "Apple Partners With Anthropic for Claude-Powered AI Coding Platform" -- https://www.macrumors.com/2025/05/02/apple-anthropic-ai-codi...
by timschmidt | 2025-07-06 18:48:50+00:00
I don't think the rug pull and squeeze are possible. Because I've had the same worry. But using an existing LLM to train or fine tune a new one seems to be standard practice, and to work quite well. So any LLM with an API will end up training all the others - even open source LLMs - and all will benefit. And every day that passes, Moore makes it less and less costly for amateurs to commit the compute necessary for fine tuning, and eventually training from scratch.

In time, even video and embodied training may be possible for amateurs, though that's difficult to contemplate today.
by churchill | 2025-07-06 18:51:23+00:00
It's arguable that the US Thanksgiving tradition is itself a starvation myth, given that the 1629-21 winter killed off half the Plymouth pilgrims.

From Wikipedia...

>Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to catch eel and grow corn and served as an interpreter for them until he too succumbed to disease a year later. The Wampanoag leader Massasoit also gave food to the colonists when supplies brought from England proved insufficient. Having brought in a good harvest, the Pilgrims celebrated at Plymouth for three days in the autumn of 1621.

Another episode: Out of the 500 settlers at the Jamestown outpost, roughly 440 (88%) starved to death through the winter of 1609, and survivors had to resort to eating rats, mice, snakes, dogs, shoe leather, and belts, and even some cannibalism.

And that's before you get to the Great Depression and Dust Bowl era that gave us The Grapes of Wrath, migrant agricultural workers eating boiled weeds or flour mixed with lard, Hoover Stew, etc.

Not quite on the scale of Ukraine's Holodomor or Ireland's Great Famine, but it's interesting how the narrative around Thanksgiving has developed over time.
by hn_throwaway_99 | 2025-07-06 18:52:18+00:00
You're both right. The initial prototype with essentially 2 separate side-by-side TVs was from 1945. But the more interesting (IMO) approach was the 1954 "Duoscopic" version that showed 2 programs on the same screen, and each viewer looked through a polarized panel (and had their own headphones) to view their particular program: https://www.earlytelevision.org/pdf/dumont_duoscopic_brochur...
by subjectsigma | 2025-07-06 18:52:38+00:00
Just clicking around I accidentally highlighted the background element or something, which caused the whole page to turn blue. Then no matter what I clicked I couldn't get it to un-select. Making everything blue didn't ruin the experience or anything but it was a little annoying. Safari 18.5 (20621.2.5.11.8) and Google Chrome 138.0.7204.93.
by skydhash | 2025-07-06 18:52:45+00:00
> But... don't need to memorize the details. I find understanding concepts like goroutines to be a very different mental activity to memorizing the syntax for a Go for loop.

That's one of the argument that seems to never make any sense to me. Were people actually memorizing all these stuff and are now happy that they don't have too? Because that's what books, manuals, references, documentations, wiki,... are here for.

I do agree with you both that you need to understand concepts. But by the time I need to write code, I already have a good understanding of what the solution is like and unless I'm creating the scaffolding of the project, I rarely needs to write more than ten lines at time. If I need to write more, that's when I reach for generators, snippets, code examples from the docs, or switch to a DSL.

Also by the time I need to code, I need factual information, not generated examples which can be wrong.
by silisili | 2025-07-06 18:53:10+00:00
Oh I meant expanded it down, if that makes any sense, applying it to more things that we'd normally learn in high school.

At least in my case, you're taught gravity as this standalone force, and even the Newtonian idea in high school. Not until later college do they then throw that away and go into gr and the ideas you mention.

Though I guess this is more a failing of public education than science at large.
by devtechinsights | 2025-07-06 18:53:52+00:00
I’m a freelance developer and recently compiled a stack of free + paid cybersecurity tools that I believe every solo dev should know about in 2025.

It includes tools for:

Static analysis (like Semgrep and Bandit)

Secret scanning in GitHub

Server-side threat monitoring (OpenVAS, Security Onion)

Endpoint protection (CrowdStrike Falcon)

Login & 2FA for client-facing apps (Okta CIAM)

I also shared a real-world story of a freelancer who leaked their Firebase keys and got burned badly (Stripe fraud + lost client).

Here's the full breakdown: https://devtechinsights.com/best-cybersecurity-tools-for-fre...

Would love feedback or if others have alternative tools they swear by (especially if you're building SaaS or shipping MVPs fast). Security is becoming a competitive edge, not just a checkbox.
by jdboyd | 2025-07-06 18:54:03+00:00
I don't like Docker, but I do like the idea of containers, and have since I moved from Solaris 9 to Solaris 10. These days I frequently use podman and sometimes use lxc. Ignoring the development workstation benefits, I like using containers to bundle (almost) all the configuration elements together, limit resources that one service can take (I know you can do that with cgroups as well), and isolate configurations from each other.
by nativeit | 2025-07-06 18:55:17+00:00
The idea that finally clicked with me came from a narrated meditation session in the app “Headspace”. I think it’s probably a common metaphor, but it’s the only place I had encountered it:

Imagine your mind is a highway, and your thoughts are cars that are driving along this highway in your mind. You, or rather your conscience, is sitting along this highway, and every time a thought comes along, you might try to stop it.

Of course, this is foolish, you can’t stop those thoughts any more than you could stop a literal car on a highway. The trick comes once you realize that attempting to stop unwanted thoughts is a doomed and pointless exercise. But just because those thoughts have entered your mind, doesn’t mean you have to engage with them. You could instead simply let them pass you by.

I don’t know why, but this worked for me. In the context of meditation, it freed me of the assumption that my mind should be blanked and free of thoughts, which always seemed impossible anyway. But it armed me with a useful mnemonic for recognizing when I am standing in the middle of the proverbial road, and the confidence to admit that I cannot do anything meaningful from such a precarious and hopeless position, so should move to the side, and focus on what’s possible.
by pseudocomposer | 2025-07-06 18:55:41+00:00
Why do you associate tipping with “work harder => more pay,” exactly? I don’t see a clear logical route from “socially-forced customer tipping” to that, at all.

If anything; tipping leads us to “leverage information to ensure you get a large amount of high-tipping customers => more pay.”

Continuing that logical process, we might realize that “make your coworkers have to deal with the bad tippers => more pay.” Which might lead us to “socially manipulate management to get optimal shifts and locations => more pay.”

If you really want “work harder => more pay,” then just pay a high/fair/livable hourly rate, and add a bonus for number of orders fulfilled in the shift (or total sales volume during the shift). Certainly, some perverse incentives remain with this approach. But nothing nearly so bad as tipping. And like with tipping, the higher the hourly rate compared to the bonus, the more those problems are reduced.

But yeah… tipping has very little to do with “work harder => more pay.” You need to examine your logic more. Or just, like… have a few beers with a single person who’s ever worked in a restaurant as an adult.
by kldg | 2025-07-06 18:56:16+00:00
YES!! These design policy drives me insane. I review products independently for work, and it's such a hassle trying to figure out how to use modern products. The biggest problem in consumer electronics right now are capacitive touch buttons (that is, not a touchscreen); they're in all sorts of places they shouldn't be. They're put in lights, in fans, in earbuds -- you need some real darn small hands to not mess up your touches on a lot of these tiny wireless earbuds. I was evaluating some desk lights intended for guests in hotels -- there's no indication at all you're supposed to touch two of the four arches' sides on the light to toggle on/off, and it registers correctly maybe 40% of the time. Are you going to have front desk explain to every guest how to turn a simple desk lamp on/off, or put a manual on everyone's table and refuse to explain it? It would have been so much improved with a physical push button or toggle switch instead of doing this Three Seashells thing.

Then on the software side I find Youtube particularly annoying, especially with their show-on-hover buttons for thumbnails. You want to click on a video, right, so you stop thinking about it and move your mouse to it and click it, but when you hover over it, buttons spawn, meaning there's a fair chance you're not going to click the video to launch it as you intended, but may be redirected to Youtube's ad disclosure policy page instead, as if anyone wanted to read that.
Show HN: LLML: Data Structures => Prompts
by knrz | 2025-07-06 18:57:14+00:00
I've been building AI systems for a while and kept hitting the same wall - prompt engineering felt like string concatenation hell. Every complex prompt became a maintenance nightmare of f-strings and template literals.

So I built LLML - think of it as React for prompts. Just as React is data => UI, LLML is data => prompt.

The Problem:

# We've all written this... prompt = f"Role: {role}\n" prompt += f"Context: {json.dumps(context)}\n" for i, rule in enumerate(rules): prompt += f"{i+1}. {rule}\n" # The Solution: from zenbase_llml import llml # Compose prompts by composing data context = get_user_context() prompt = llml({ "role": "Senior Engineer", "context": context, "rules": ["Never skip tests", "Always review deps"], "task": "Deploy the service safely" }) # Output: <role>Senior Engineer</role> <context> ... </context> <rules> <rules-1>Never skip tests</rules-1> <rules-2>Always review deps</rules-2> </rules> <task>Deploy the service safely</task>

Why XML-like? We found LLMs parse structured formats with clear boundaries (<tag>content</tag>) more reliably than JSON or YAML. The numbered lists (<rules-1>, <rules-2>) prevent ordering confusion.

Available in Python and TypeScript:

pip/poetry/uv/rye install zenbase-llml npm/pnpm/yarn/bun install @zenbase/llml

Experimental Rust and Go implementations also available for the adventurous :)

Key features:

- ≤1 dependencies - Extensible formatter system (create custom formatters for your domain objects) - 100% test coverage (TypeScript), 92% (Python) - Identical output across all language implementations

The formatter system is particularly neat - you can override how any data type is serialized, making it easy to handle domain-specific objects or sensitive data.

GitHub: https://github.com/zenbase-ai/llml

Would love to hear if others have faced similar prompt engineering challenges and how you've solved them!
by tofof | 2025-07-06 18:57:48+00:00
So tired of defending against this same, old, completely wrong intuition from people especially those saying "do the science" to justify their ignorance instead of looking themselves since the science has already been done and it's coming up on a full century old.

From this one paper alone, humans can perceive information from a single frame at 2000 Hz.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1945.9917254

Humans can read numbers and reproduce them immediately a 5 digit number is displayed for 1 frame at 400 fps. This is a single exposure, it is not a looping thing with persistence of vision or anything like that. 7 digit numbers required the framerate to be 333 fps. Another student produced 9 digit number from a single frame at 300 fps. These were the average results. The record results were a correct reproduction of a 7 digit number from a single viewing of a single frame at 2000 Hz. This was the limit within 2% accuracy of the tachistoscopic equipment in question. From the progression of the students chasing records, no slowing of their progression had ever been in sight. The later papers from this author involve considerable engineering difficulty to construct an even faster tachistocope and are limited by 1930s-1940s technology.

This research led the US Navy in WW2 to adopt tachistotopic training methods for aircraft recognition replacing the WEFT paradigm (which had approximately a 0% success rate) to a 1 frame at 75 fps paradigm which led to 95% of cadets reaching 80% accuracy on recognition, and 100% of cadets reaching 62.5% accuracy after just 50 sessions.

Yes, humans can see 2000 fps. Yes, humans can see well beyond 2000 fps in later work from this researcher.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1945.9917254

Yes, humans can detect flicker well above 1000 fps in daily life at the periphery of vision with cone cells as cone cells can fire from a single photon of light and our edge detection circuits operate at a far higher frequency than our luminance and flicker-fusion circuits. Here's flicker being discriminated from steady light at an average of 2 kHz for 40 degree saccades, and an upper limit above 5 kHz during 20 degree saccades, which would be much more typical for eyes on a computer monitor.

There is no known upper limit to the frequency of human vision that is detectable. As far as I know, all studies (such as this one I link) have always been able to measure up to the reliable detection limit of their equipment, never up to a human limit.
by thiagomg | 2025-07-06 18:58:26+00:00
My plan to have it with batteries included is to reduce the chance of it happening. Most of the times my bash scripts fail are due to:

1. bash heavily rely on OS tooling for almost everything, which is not bad per se, but adds more variation. Lua is a more complete programming language and the idea is that except for invoking external binaries to do things like copying files, talking to AWS, etc, you have everything you need in this lua runtime on steroids. 2. Instead of using the system-installed bash, you can copy Lush binaries instead of relying on the system installed one

Currently, the only dependencies of lush are libssl.so, libcrypto.so and libgcc_s.so. At some point, I plan also to get all static, so there will be no dependencies, no even libgcc
by EvgeniyZh | 2025-07-06 18:58:34+00:00
Ph.D. is training in how to do research. Solving one, even very hard problem not necessarily means that you don't need such training. It's especially tricky with counterexamples which sometimes question of raw talent and luck rather than skill.

The next step for someone who has PhD and want to stay in academia is postdoc. After solving one problem, you would not necessarily have what's needed to get a good postdoc, such as clear research agenda or proof of ability to publish consistently.
Show HN: DIAC – Open-Source Quantum-Resistant Cryptosystem
by KaoruAK | 2025-07-06 18:59:53+00:00
I’ve developed a new public-key encryption scheme (DIAC) that uses multidimensional, high-precision complex keyspaces and a modular trapdoor function for ultra-high entropy and quantum resistance. The code, benchmarks, and research paper (PDF) are all open-source: https://osf.io/mvkcq/ Would love feedback, questions, or cryptanalysis!
by vkazanov | 2025-07-06 19:01:21+00:00
True.

Good enough wins. Worse is better rules. Release early... and so on.

I am old enough to remember the full drama behind adding lambda to python, and resistance to bits of functional goodies coming from lisps.

But here we are. Java is an aaaalmost acceptable language!

While scheme, standardml and numerous other perfect little languages are mostly just Wikipedia pages now.
by 93po | 2025-07-06 19:01:24+00:00
Volvo: 600km range, 82k lb capacity, 60% charge in 40 minutes, $350k

Tesla: 800km range, 82k lb capacity, 70% charge in 30 minutes (with a much higher capacity battery), $250k

Telsa would also probably have better dealer network, better software (self driving), better charger network

Why would anyone buy Volvo?
Show HN: Squire – A Game Night discord bot
by Imz4di | 2025-07-06 19:01:44+00:00
Problem: My friend-group meets once a week to play board games. We were looking for a way to track who has what game, how often we play different games, and who wins.

Solution: I decided to make a discord bot to track our games and session. This was a logical approach, since we use discord for planning our get-togethers.

For fun, I also implemented an ask_ai feature using Open AI to ask questions about games and rules.

I used supabase for the backend because it has an easy sign up process, decent free tier, and didn't ask me for a credit card up front.

This is the first time I have used AI (ChatGPT) to do a lot of code generation. I've used it in the past to answer specific questions, but this time I used it more extensively.

Here are some things I learned:

ChatGPT is pretty powerful. I could give it a prompt like "Write a command called /add_game that lets the user add a game to their collection" and it would give me back a fairly complete result. But, it is not without its limitations.

ChatGPT is really bad at remembering what it has already done. I'm still in the process of removing redundant code, especially in the supabase helpers. Every time it needed to use the database it wrote a new helper function instead of using one it already wrote. I ended up with things like create_user, get_and_create_user, create_user_and_get_id, etc.

ChatGPT is terrible at writing tests, at least for python. Most of the tests it wrote would not run correctly. It was more work trying to fix its tests than try to write my own.

ChatGPT will absolutely just make stuff up. We already knew this, of course, but it's worth mentioning as often as possible. I used the ask_ai feature for the following question "Who goes first in Veiled Fate." Veiled Fate has a very specific mechanic for determining who goes first (deal fate cards to each player and the one with the feather goes first). I asked the AI the question several times and it gave me the wrong answer every time, and every answer was different. Some of the more fun answers "the last person to see the stars," "the person who most recently traveled abroad," "the person who most recently went to the forest," etc.

---

So, this is still a work in progress. If you have feedback, let me know.
by spauldo | 2025-07-06 19:02:46+00:00
vterm is great - I had it in my config for a while and it's hands down the best way to put a terminal in Emacs. But for me it's the whole "encapsulate a terminal in Emacs" concept that I find unuseful. That's a personal preference though - I've been used to having dozens of xterms scattered around my desktops for longer than I've been using Emacs, so that's just more comfortable for me.

I'll use regular ol' shell occasionally when I just need to throw around some commands but for anything that needs a real terminal emulator I just open another xterm.