MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by eru | 2025-07-22 06:09:50+00:00
> Lack of sum types is probably one of the worst things about working in Go, and I think it is a much bigger problem than the lack of generics ever was.

Maybe, but once you have eg an Option or Either (a.k.a. Result) type, you typically really want to have some functions that work generically on all versions of them. (Though you could probably get away with using Go's version of void*, the empty interface, in a lot of cases?)
by Buttons840 | 2025-07-22 06:10:31+00:00
> But another thing Muratori points out is that is that Dahl and Nygaard copied the feature in safe working form into Simula, and Stroustrup knew about it and intentionally dropped it from C++, thinking it inferior to the encapsulation you get from inheritance. This is funny! Because of course C already had case #3 above -- completely unchecked/unsafe unions, they only showed up in 1976 C, goodness knows why they decided on that -- and the safe(ish) std::variant type has taken forever to regrow in C++.

This seems like a mistake. At the end of the day, a bunch of code and logic has to be written somewhere, and I think it's better done outside the data object, at least some of the time.

Imagine you have the classic Shape class / interface and someone wants to write some code to determine whether a Shape is happy or sad, based on their synesthesia, what are they suppose to do? I guess just add a happy_or_sad() method to the interface? Like, we're just going to pile--err, I mean, "encapsulate"--every possible thing that can be done with the data into the data object?

The OOP way is probably some Shape class hierarchy with a Shape superclass and a bunch of specific Square, Circle, Triangle, subclasses. So I guess you go and modify a dozen subclasses to add your happy_or_sad() method. And you're definitely going to have to fork the code because nobody wants to upstream your personal feelings about which Shapes are happy or sad.

It's better to have a sum type for your Shape and then everyone can put all their code and logic outside of the Shape itself, and the type system will ensure, at compile time, that no Shape variants have been missed, so refactoring is assisted by the type system.
by noroot | 2025-07-22 06:11:44+00:00
I'm in a very similar situation: been using git for a long time, but anything more complicated always via some kind of UI (often intellij).

Been using jj without significant issues for about a month and been super happy to be comfortable using the cli and slowly ramping up to more complicated operations.

The documentation still assumes a lot of inherent knowledge which sometimes makes it a little difficult. I love seeing blog posts like these and hopefully some more in depth resources will appear over time. Steve's guide is good, but there are still gaps for me :).

Next I want to learn some more revset language and become a bit more fluent with rebase operations. I love the more simplified cli, conflict resolution and op log!
by fluidcruft | 2025-07-22 06:12:54+00:00
He spent a few days in the hospital before they pronounced him dead. Perhaps they thought he might survive as a quadriplegic. He suffered multiple cardiac arrests at the hospital. That part isn't unconfirmed. Other unconfirmed reports say his spinal column was severed. If his heart kept starting up again it probably took them quite some time to assess the damage and prognosticate. It's not something people see often.
by renewiltord | 2025-07-22 06:13:03+00:00
ACS, the Decennial Census, and the Austin Demographer has the data we need. Let's take a look https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B01003?q=B01003:+T... and https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=P1:+TOTAL... (no ACS in 2020 because of COVID, but we got the Census) and https://demographics-austin.hub.arcgis.com/

You'll see that the ACS 1-year was not performed and released in 2020 due to data quality

2015: 931840 2016: 947897 2017: 950714 2018: 964243 2019: 979263 2020: 961855 (Decennial Census), 965,872 (ACS 5-year, not comparable to 1-year), 996369 (Austin City Demographer) 2021: 964000 2022: 975335 2023: 979700 2025: 1025668

I think there is no single source that shows population decrease post 2020 to a value in 2020 from the same source. But the sources do differ, so likely what has happened is that you have not performed proper data hygiene. You cannot regress across sources without compensating for cross-source differences.

In this case we have the property that 2021 onwards shows increase in ACS and that Austin Demographics shows increase from 2020 onwards but that there is difference between 2020 numbers between sources.

We also see that Austin Demographer has higher number in 2019 than ACS sample https://demographics-austin.hub.arcgis.com/documents/cf1519a...

This means it's probably not good idea to compare 2023 ACS number to 2020 Austin Demographer number. Fortunately, we have Austin Demographer number from 2019, 2020, and 2025. From all this, we can conclude that cratering hypothesis is likely false. We must conclude that following statement of yours is unlikely:

> Austin population cratered and it still has not recovered to 2020 level.
by hollerith | 2025-07-22 06:13:44+00:00
I've written about it in comments here more than once or twice over the years, but I'm not interesting in writing about it anymore.

I spent many hours configuring Emacs to talk to my favorite LLM services so that I don't need to use a browser or an app built with web tech to talk to those services. I am very pleased with the result.

I am interested in learning how to get an LLM to read a web page and tell me what it says (basically, extracting the text passages of interest to me) eliminating the need for me to look at the page or to interact with the page. I wouldn't sic such an LLM on HN because as you correctly guessed, the way HN looks and works does not annoy me the way most web sites do.
by viraptor | 2025-07-22 06:14:24+00:00
> What I'm saying is that the typical change to a file shouldn't be committed to my local repo until I indicate that it's ready.

You're thinking in very git-specific terms. JJ is just different in many ways so such comparison doesn't work well. I didn't get it from explanations before, but trying it in practice, it's a non-issue. It may be easier to just give it a go.
by rachofsunshine | 2025-07-22 06:14:30+00:00
See also the Irish-Chinese spice bag [1] and the dutch kapsalon [2] - northern Europe has a passionate love for spicy adapted ethnic cuisine in giant piles.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice_bag

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapsalon
by wredcoll | 2025-07-22 06:14:32+00:00
> My concern isn't just about pushing upstream. What I'm saying is that the typical change to a file shouldn't be committed to my local repo until I indicate that it's ready

Since you brought this up, I've noticed some people seem to work this way but I've never found anyone to ask why they do this.

I get the idea behind clean, readable git logs with nice consistent messages, but isn't that what rebase/amend is for?

To me, the status of my local git log is mostly irrelevant, the thing that really matters is the commit(s) I submit for merging.

Also, probably for related reasons, I've never truly understood why git has this whole separate staging concept...
by epicureanideal | 2025-07-22 06:15:00+00:00
In my opinion, there are worse ways for governments to subsidize aerospace and materials research and development, improve the connectivity between nations, generate national prestige, give people optimism for the future, and so on. 2 billion doesn't sound like a lot. It's a drop in the bucket compared to US military expenditures.

If California High Speed Rail loses a little bit of money, I won't be too upset by it. Unfortunately the up front costs are much higher, but at the same time, massive, massive infrastructure development is happening in California all along the length of the state, and the government is acquiring the rights to develop public transportation both now and into the future on that land. Again, there are worse ways to spend the money in my opinion.
by CraigJPerry | 2025-07-22 06:15:24+00:00
Yeah i don't think there is a neater way to do this right now. One thing that maybe saves some effort is a "uv sync" will pay attention to the $VIRTUAL_ENV env var, but only if that var points to a venv that already exists. You can't point to an empty dir and have it create the venv.

# make a venv somehow, probably via the editor so it knows about the venv, saving a 3rd step to tell it which venv to use $ env VIRTUAL_ENV=.venv/ uv sync --script foo.py

but it's still janky, not sure it saves much mental tax
by __rito__ | 2025-07-22 06:15:28+00:00
Yeah, you are right. Yes, what you say exists, and it is apparent in many comments here. But when writing my comment, I will assume no malice, only ignorance. Because, I don't want to go even close to being racist as an answer to racism.

India is making visible progress. The problem of corruption persists. That is the truth.

Two of the world's largest powers don't want India to rise and do better. And their rich and say in algorithms and propaganda machines is total and complete. People's perspectives are shaped by the major powers. So, I am not really surprised by such takes.

As an example, the propagandistic megaphone of an app controlled by one of India's adversaries. The algorithm of which is extremely biased on purpose, or tuned on purpose. It was laid bare during the most recent conflict India was involved in. I am also pretty sure that there are bot armies on X that, under fake profile, spread falsities about India. There is also one religious-political block on social media that hate India and is unrelenting in spreading falsehoods. The app was about to be banned in the US, but the kin of the Leader of the Free World received 300M USD in "investment" in their crypto firm.

The legacy media is not far behind. They highlight only the negative things. I remember when India landed on the moon, FT made a map, where they named USA, China, Russia, and "other countries" where it was only India.

Do you expect any different in this setup?
by eru | 2025-07-22 06:16:08+00:00
Inheritance can simulate sum-types. You can also simulate sum-types via what OOP people would probably call a visitor pattern: you hand me call-backs for what to do in all the different cases, and some trusted piece of code that you implement once for the type, does the case distinction and calls the right call-back. (You can either hand over the call-backs as functions / function pointers, or you can implement them as member methods pure OOP style.)

They are all equivalent in principle, but some of them are a lot more annoying to work with, especially when you want to do a pattern matching over multiple values at the same time, or match on nested patterns.
by TFYS | 2025-07-22 06:18:08+00:00
> You are attacking the concept of marketing / advertising as a fundamental evil

It is. Informing people about solutions to their problems is good, but advertising as it exists today is nothing more than manipulation in most cases.

> the idea that starving people existing negates the entire system we have which has proven to be successful

You said that capitalism has lifted all of humanity, but that is clearly not the case, not even in countries considered capitalist.
by eric-burel | 2025-07-22 06:19:02+00:00
That's the problem with raws large models, it should always be coupled with satellite small models and logic. It's (probably) easier to detect hallucinations using a traditional ML/DL model that can catch mismatches (it's easy to build a synthetic dataset for this) than transcribing. And the simplest piece of code can detect a silence and that it should match no text.
by devjab | 2025-07-22 06:19:58+00:00
> It's interesting to me that you'd go the hassle of hosting your own SharePoint on prem, but leave it internet facing. I would have assumed a the Venn diagram of these organizations to be entirely contained in orgs forcing you to use a VPN.

It likely will be entirely contained, at least in theory. Because is your IT and OT isolated? They should be, but man could I tell you something about the energy and public sectors... Let's just say, that if you're in an organisation with any sort of OT, then you may as well assume that everything you have is facing the internet in some way. I suspect it's frankly like this in any sort of enterprise organisation getting worse the more the org views IT purely as a cost center.

This is why we don't just rely on things like VPNs. Everything we have uses port security (mac-adresses) at a much more ganular level than the VPN does. At least for the parts of our systems landscape where this is possible. With something like SharePoint it's hard to allow specific devices because it's usually something everyone should have some sort of access to. Then you have all the organisations where SharePoint also has some sort of non-VPN access because some CEO level wanted it at one point since they can't be bothered to bring a work PC to their Holiday home.
by jandrewrogers | 2025-07-22 06:20:40+00:00
It doesn't work that way, there is a pretty clear separation between civilian and military intelligence. For example, CIA and FBI are civilian, NSA and DIA are military. This separation is both legal and practical.

Some agencies are more influential than others but that waxes and wanes over time. There is always some agency in ascendency and another in decline. I've seen the centers of influence shift between agencies more than once.

Your conspiracy theory is a bit overwrought.
by hn-throwaway998 | 2025-07-22 06:20:45+00:00
TFA is playing coy about Laurie Leshin’s resignation as director of JPL:

> It’s not clear if Lystrup and Leshin’s departures are related to the ongoing turmoil at NASA and other government agencies.

It was crystal clear that Leshin resigned because she got crossways with administration politics.

It also seems apparent that Janet Petro, the former acting administrator, was exited for the same reason. The administration now has someone compliant as acting administrator while they burn the whole agency down.

The apparent lesson seems to be, “nothing in the government is allowed to do anything good”, or perhaps, “no source of authority may exist outside the administration“.
by aaronmdjones | 2025-07-22 06:22:45+00:00
That doesn't make a lot of sense to me. You're going to have to hit the quench button at some point anyway, just to remove the chain (and the body attached to it; it's not like you can bring in a pair of bolt cutters to disconnect them if the machine is still operational -- that will only add to the problem). You may as well quench it immediately.
by jiggawatts | 2025-07-22 06:23:05+00:00
Think of an app like SharePoint as "Linux Kernel + Drivers + Userspace tools". There's a few large monolithic executables some tens of megabytes in size for each of the core web apps and services, and then hundreds file format converter plugins, database drivers, etc, etc...

Chromium is similar. It's practically an operating system now, it even has USB drivers! I had to compile Chromium from scratch once, for which I spun up a 120-core cloud VM with 456 GB of memory so that it wouldn't take all day.

With Rust... that would take all week even on that box.
by resonious | 2025-07-22 06:25:11+00:00
I used jj for several months, then eventually went back to git.

The biggest killer was performance. jj operations took several seconds for me, whereas git is instantaneous no matter how big the project. Maybe this is fixed now.

But also honestly I felt like there was a bit more mental burden to using jj. When I switched back to git, it was like a weight off my shoulders. Maybe that's just due to the decade of constant use though.
by rob74 | 2025-07-22 06:25:44+00:00
Looks like they used more official sources for German - there, silence is apparently hallucinated as "Untertitelung des ZDF für funk, 2017" according to one of the comments on the issue. Which makes sense, as the public broadcasters' "Mediathek" is probably the largest freely available resource of subtitled videos in Germany. I wonder if the ZDF gave its approval for it being used for LLM training though?
by jauntywundrkind | 2025-07-22 06:26:38+00:00
Worth mentioning that no one intends to make commercial jets go Concorde fast (mach 2) again, to my knowledge.

Boom is talking about "Boomless Cruise" being up to mach 1.3. they are trying to bounce the downward going sound waves off the atmosphere, bouncing them back up. It seems to be significantly speed dependent? https://boomsupersonic.com/press-release/boom-supersonic-ann...
by masswerk | 2025-07-22 06:29:08+00:00
-stand is what is (to something) or what has been established (about something). E.g., Bestand – the totality of what has been established about something, or what is available, etc. So Gegenstand is what has been established as real-world (or in extension also abstract) resistance to our objectives (so that we have to deal with it) – or, as gegen- is also vis-a-vis, what we are facing.

The Latin objectum has a directional vector (figuratively, it's thrown at us), while Gegenstand is much more inert. It's like a world view of active exploration versus a tableau of the world around us.
by karlgkk | 2025-07-22 06:30:14+00:00
> Not sure why you are basing your whole argument on euv.

I'm not. We were talking about "leapfrogging" and that naturally requires a technology that enables processes beyond EUV's capabilities.

In fact, many hours before you responded to my post, I responded to my own post with this: "My rough best guess is that they’ll be shipping euv-involved chips by 2028."

> There's nothing magical about it that prevents them from stealing/reinventing it.

If it was so easy they'd have done it already.

No, it's just insanely complicated to implement and the innovations required are not just the conceptual technology itself, but the high precision manufacturing prowess required to actually execute it.

And again, I think they're probably gonna have it before 2030. Hell, I could be convinced that they're going to start taping out EUV-based chips by the end of next year, although I would require a beer wager for that :)

But we were talking about leapfrogging, and that's "only" parity.
by rkhassen9 | 2025-07-22 06:30:42+00:00
Typically will use Gmail in the browser for sending and recieving emails…but for searching my Gmail, it’s Outlook, ironically, which works the best.

Don’t trust Outlook for other functions in Gmail reliably though. Or Calendar. Examples are things like double emails being sent and calendar updates being missed.

At our company a lot of people use Outlook to handle their Gmail functions and it’s quite problematic…but Outlook’s search is far superior.

So I think of the browser as the main interface and only use Outlook for search.
by miohtama | 2025-07-22 06:32:28+00:00
Online Communication Offence Arrests Volume 847: debated on Thursday 17 July 2025

> The tendency to police—literally—what people are saying has been encouraged and enabled by not just this Government but their predecessors. The Malicious Communications Act 1988 and the Communications Act 2003, specifically Sections 1 and 127, give the police the power to arrest individuals for what they say online. On average, 30 people are arrested daily. In 2014, under the coalition Government, something called non-crime hate incidents were introduced—words uttered that are not yet criminal in themselves but which the police should officially record none the less and hold against people. Since 2014, more than 133,000 such incidents have been recorded; that is more than 13,000 each year. Some of those who have had their names recorded in police files are children whose words were taken down when they were below the age of criminal responsibility and may be held against them for the rest of their lives. The innocence of youth has been replaced with the presumption of guilt. https://hansard.parliament.uk/lords/2025-07-17/debates/F807C...
by _kb | 2025-07-22 06:35:41+00:00
Completely agree on the confusing terminology there. IMO that should be:

> The moment of capturing a measurement is known as a metric sample.

The mental model I hold is the metric is the actual value. This may be discrete (e.g. a packet counter) or some continuous value (e.g. a voltage in you ECG example). It can then be observed at some time/value delta interval or summarised into other time series based on what you're hoping to capture.
by dzonga | 2025-07-22 06:37:10+00:00
every once in a while everyone should watch Jonathan's Blow: Collapse of Civilization [0]

by not reading and going through docs - we cut out our critique ability as we just ingest fully what A.I gives us. by not writing we don't exercise thinking - question our assumptions etc. since what AI writes will mostly be positive not negative.

[0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSRHeXYDLko&pp=ygU1cHJldmVud... and just like that society stops thinking. stops creating.

then civilization collapses.
by tornikeo | 2025-07-22 06:37:35+00:00
Garbage in, garbage out. If the training dataset (accidentally) paired silence (`X_train`) with `رجمة نانسي قنقر` tokens (`y_pred`), then any silence will always be translated to that. Fortunately, this particular problem is easy to fix--just detect and remove silent parts before API call. This also has a side benefit of saving you money on transcription.
by davydm | 2025-07-22 06:38:40+00:00
CEOs were always irrelevant - they get all the glory for wherever the company ends up when it's good, they still get massive payouts when it's bad, and best of all, they don't do jack-fukn-shit.

It's the ideal job for someone who took the easy route via some business degree, learned all the buzzwords, and can put up a semi-capable front that fools the masses. But the people in the company will always know that their "direction" comes from a muppet.
by bawolff | 2025-07-22 06:39:25+00:00
Supply chain risk gets all the headlines, but personally i think its a bit overhyped.

That said, things like SRI don't really fully fix the supply chain issue. Supply chain issues usually mean the developer intentionally upgrades to a new version, that unbeknownst to them is malicious. It is usually not about a resource getting replaced with nobody realizing it, everyone realizes the upgrade is happening. In such a situation it is likely SRI hashes would get upgraded too.

Solutions like hashes or digital signatures are useless if the person being tricked is the one responsible for signing things.
by idoubtit | 2025-07-22 06:40:51+00:00
I think that comparison is unclear and unfair. The core is that instead of:

jj rebase -r @ -B abc

the recommended Git alternative is:

git rebase -i abcd1234 # move the last line to the desired position

This is a process I use heavily, and one of the rare cases where I prefer the Git way: less cognitive load (I don't need to memorise options b/s/r/d/A/B for `jj rebase`) and the interactive editing of the history feels simpler (especially if I move several commits).

I've used jj for a few weeks, but switched back to git. I'm fluent enough with Git so I never struggle any more. jj mostly felt nice, but the added value was not enough to replace years of expertise.
by arjie | 2025-07-22 06:40:57+00:00
94107 is a discontinuous zip code. It contains both SOMA (where I live) and Potrero Hill which you have quoted. What was the prediction?

> For a lot of people, if their data is being used as a benefit, then they should be properly compensated for that. They're more likely to be trying to comprehend how to keep food on the table.

Certainly, I am a great believer in the market. If they believe the price is insufficient, there is no reason to sell. I am only offering them this information for free so that they may set their price in a more informed manner. I'm doing that because I have a related semi-religious personal principle https://wiki.roshangeorge.dev/w/Observation_Dharma