MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Aurornis | 2025-07-02 21:43:12+00:00
> They work until they don’t in my anecdotal experience. Any substance it seems the first time is the best. Then, slowly, my brain chemistry adapts, and it becomes less effective.

It’s wild to me that the nootropics community evolved into a hybrid between the recreational drug community and supplement enthusiast communities while forgetting all of the lessons people learned in those communities long ago.

So much of the nootropics discourse is about compounds that have a moderate to high recreational value: The above post is talking about Kratom (an opioid) as if it was a nootropic, which would be unfathomable under the original description of nootropics.

The linked article also includes psilocybin, tianeptine (a compound that started out with some myths about serotonin but was later discovered to be an opioid), and phenibut (an extremely addictive substance, see /r/quittingphenibut )

The latter substance is known for temporarily reducing anxiety and giving a confidence boost, which is a common theme among substances cited as helpful. Something about calling them “nootropics” seems to reset people’s expectations and they forget that all recreational drugs make people feel some combination of euphoria, motivation, confidence boost, anxiety reduction, or stimulation at first, before tolerance takes in. People find themselves not only tolerant to these substances, but in withdrawal when they don’t take them (as mentioned above)

Phenibut is one of the most obvious recreational drugs that got pulled into the “nootropics” label for years. Nootropics Depot got caught importing large numbers of drums of this substance for resale. They deleted a lot of the discussion about their lawsuit on /r/nootropics (did you know they control the subreddit?) and have put forward a very selective version of the story that makes them look like the victims. Meanwhile it was one of the most common debilitating addiction stories coming out of supplement and nootropics communities until word spread that it was highly addictive and the withdrawals were very long.

Whatever meaning the word “nootropic” originally had is long lost. It’s now a blanket term for experimenting with powerful supplements or prescription drugs under a different name. I think that alternative name has left a lot of people blind to the reality of what they’re doing. They also frequently don’t realize that self-reported feelings of drug liking effect are not indicative of the drug’s objective positive effects.
by dvtkrlbs | 2025-07-02 21:43:36+00:00
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by phoronixrly | 2025-07-02 21:44:18+00:00
The graph implies is that aderall causes people to perform at 150% on average if 100% of the workforce is on it. I say that both implying that aderall has such a massive objective effect and implying it is so widely (ab)used are the laughable ramblings of a psychonaut at worst and unsubstantiated at best.
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-07-02 21:44:47+00:00
> assumption of this report is that companies that use ADP to process their payroll are completely representative of the entire economy

No such assumption is made except by an errant reading of the report. The ADP report [1] can be used to predict BLS numbers, but it’s also independently useful. The reason the headline is 33,000 private-sector jobs were lost is because 33,000 private-sector jobs were lost, ADP can directly count that.

[1] https://adpemploymentreport.com/
Show HN: Issue Duration Labeler – a GitHub Action that labels issue by age
by mireklzicar | 2025-07-02 21:45:21+00:00
I’ve built *Issue Duration Labeler*, a GitHub Action that automatically adds *color-coded duration labels* to every issue in a repo:

Default label thresholds: Green – ≤ 7 days (configurable) Orange – ≤ 30 days Red – > 30 days

For open issues we compute “age” (creation → now). You can adjust the day thresholds and label colors in the workflow file, and choose whether labels update daily or only when they cross the next threshold.

*Why?* I often lost track of how long tickets had been lingering, especially in older projects. A quick glance at the issue list or github project now tells us what’s fresh, what’s getting stale, and what’s officially ancient. It’s also handy for post-mortems: sort by red labels to see which bugs took the longest to close.

*Link* https://github.com/marketplace/actions/issue-duration-labele...
by maypok86 | 2025-07-02 21:46:11+00:00
What exactly do you mean by a "more specialized simple cache"? Just a map, mutex and LRU/LFU/ARC as eviction policies?

1. Even using sync.RWMutex and specialized policies won't really help you outperform a well-implemented BP-Wrapper in terms of latency/throughput.

2. I've never seen cases where W-TinyLFU loses more than 2-3% hit rate compared to simpler eviction policies. But most simple policies are vulnerable to attacks and can drop your hit rate by dozens of percentage points under workload variations. Even ignoring adversarial workloads, you'd still need to guess which specific policy gives you those extra few percentage points. I question the very premise of this approach.

3. When it comes to loading and refreshing, writing a correct implementation is non-trivial. After implementing it, I'm not sure the cache could still be called "simple". And at the very least, refreshing can reduce end-to-end latency by orders of magnitude.
by AnthonyMouse | 2025-07-02 21:46:16+00:00
> That's hardly a good faith interpretation of the goals behind the Texas law.

It's plausible that it wasn't what some of the supporters intended, but that was the result, and the result wasn't entirely unpredictable. And it plausibly is what some of the supporters intended. When PornHub decided to leave Texas, do you expect they counted it as a cost or had a celebration?

> Notice that the goalposts shifted subtly from moderation of disallowed content to distribution of age restricted content. The latter isn't amendable to size based criteria for obvious reasons.

Would the former be any different? Sites over the threshold are forced to do heavy-handed moderation, causing them to have a significant competitive disadvantage over sites below the threshold, so then the equilibrium shifts to having a larger number of services that each fit below the threshold. Which doesn't even necessarily compromise the network effect if they're federated services so that the network size is the set of all users using that protocol even if none of the operators exceed the threshold.

> Note that I don't think the various ID laws are good ideas. I don't even think they're remotely capable of accomplishing their stated goals. Whereas I do expect that it's possible to moderate a given platform decently well if the operator is made to care.

I'm still not clear on how they're supposed to do that.

The general shape of the problem looks like this:

If you leave them to their own devices, they have the incentive to spend a balanced amount of resources against the problem, because they don't actually want those users but it requires an insurmountable level of resources to fully shake them loose without severely impacting innocent people. So they make some efforts but those efforts aren't fully effective, and then critics point to the failures as if the trade-off doesn't exist.

If you require them to fully stamp out the problem by law, they have to use the draconian methods that severely impact innocent people, because the only remaining alternative is to go out of business. So they do the first one, which is bad.
by spwa4 | 2025-07-02 21:46:28+00:00
He's not going to get much sympathy. Because:

1) from the employer side, this runs afoul of all MBA theory and practice, so he could have been more profits. Almost by definition, this means you're not getting the maximum out of the guy. Oh and there's jealousy of course.

2) from employee's side, this runs afoul of union thinking. Those jobs could have employed 5 people, maybe more. Oh and there's jealousy of course.
by Spunkie | 2025-07-02 21:46:42+00:00
Alternatively I went with:

> "enter your sn in this form to see if you qualify"

> "Your pixel 4a does not qualify"

But why? Does it mean my battery is unaffected or their lawyers managed to weasel out of all the phones qualifying somehow?

Who knows? Well google certainly knows, but they ain't telling me.
by hayst4ck | 2025-07-02 21:48:51+00:00
Assuming something is true doesn't make it true. Colluding airport employees as well as rural airports seem like clear vulnerabilities. When thinking about security problems you don't just assume your security measure always succeed and assuming that all passengers are "equal" seems like a poor assumption, especially for an exceptional case by highly motivated people, potentially with state backing.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_West_Flight_612

Here is an example where a man got a gun on a plane in 2007, which directly disproves the 'equality' if passengers.
by Retric | 2025-07-02 21:49:18+00:00
Making the entire thing a link is IMO the clearest option if you just want someone to download your app, but doesn’t work as well when you want a list of software and links for details.

A list where: “Click here” to download “V 16.23.4” has two links one of which gives info on the download and their other starts a download is fine, especially if the info page also has a download link.
by rhdunn | 2025-07-02 21:49:21+00:00
Screen reader heuristics are the wrong approach. If you want to use "click here", "download", "pdf", or something generic then use aria-label, aria-labelledby, or some other mechanism to give the additional context to screen readers and other assistive technologies. There's no need for any heuristics other than those in the specifications that the screen readers, web browsers, and web sites agree/conform to.

There may not be a surrounding sentence (e.g. in a "PDF"/"Download" link). The surrounding sentence may not add any/enough additional context, e.g. "You can click here for help." or "To view the article [one of many] you can click here.".

You then run into issues where 1) the screen reader/AT is overriding the ARIA/a11y markup on the page against WAI-ARIA and WCAG standards; and 2) you can end up with different behaviour on each screen reader, in addition to the places they already differ.

It's bad enough when web browsers introduced heuristics on form labels such that "name" + "label" fields were detected as a login form and other situations where bad heuristics were used and the web browsers overrode what websites were specifying.
by nico | 2025-07-02 21:49:40+00:00
> An early, basic version of a product (such as a piece of technology, a computer program, etc.) which meets the minimum necessary requirements for use by its creators and customers

The keyword here is customers

If you are building something for others, which you expect to make money from, then you should probably be thinking about a Minimum Sellable Product - what is the most basic product that a very specific target user or group of target users, will pay for. Or at the very least the target users must be willing (and ideally eager) to use the product “for real” (eg. for work or daily personal use)

This means your MVP or MSP, could very well be just a spreadsheet, or a basic document, as long as it’s clearly targeting specific people who want/need to use it
by lxgr | 2025-07-02 21:49:43+00:00
GP's comment might be provocatively phrased, but I don't think it's an invalid point to have:

When I publish something online for free, i.e. without requiring authentication or payment, be it a Reddit comment, a blog post, a Stackoverflow answer or anything else, I do so hoping that it will be useful to somebody somehow, without any illusions about being able to gatekeep some types of current or future consumers.
by danudey | 2025-07-02 21:50:06+00:00
Honestly, they'll put you in an ICE detention facility indefinitely. They don't have to drop charges if they don't even have to charge you in the first place, and because they're all hiding behind masks there's no way for them to face any kind of repercussions.

Beyond that, Trump has repeatedly floated the idea of sending "homegrowns" to overseas concentration camps, so it won't be long now before you don't have to do anything wrong to be targetted and you don't have any recourse regardless.
by Aurornis | 2025-07-02 21:50:18+00:00
> It doesn't help that I'm on Adderall, but if left to my own devices, would absolutely skip it.

The difference is that you’ve taken it medicinally for years, whereas most nootropics users are early users who are experimenting with high placebo priming.

Stimulant prescriptions have a high churn rate because many people take their first few doses and feel euphoric, then think it’s going to be like that forever. Fast forward a couple years and the fun is long gone so it’s a different story.

Nootropics forums are dominated by posts from people saying “Just took my first dose of $substance and I feel amazing!” which is the least useful measure of how well it will treat someone long term.
by tiznow | 2025-07-02 21:51:59+00:00
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by danudey | 2025-07-02 21:52:44+00:00
People forget that calling the cops as a victim also costs lives. There have been more than enough cases of someone calling in a wellness check on someone who ends up getting murdered by police instead of helped, or victims who call the police and end up getting shot or arrested by them.

The police as they are now in North America are not a good option, they're just the least worst option. You call them and they show up and you hope that they cause more problems for the offender than the victim, but that's never guaranteed.
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-07-02 21:52:59+00:00
> for those who wonder "why revise downward if it's a lie?", because the numbers eventually are going to collide with reality so they need to be right sized after the fact

No, this is not the reason. The numbers that get fanfare are the preliminary BLS numbers. BLS collects data through surveys. Preliminary data are published with incomplete responses. As more employers respond, the numbers get updated.

Guess which employers tend to report late? Those that are doing lots of hiring and firing. So the stable numbers come in first. Then the volatile numbers later. This is well documented, happens on the way up and down, and is constantly (and wrongly) quoted as a partisan conspiracy going both ways.
by jonp888 | 2025-07-02 21:53:01+00:00
Alternatives to Couchsurfing.com such as BeWelcome and WarmShowers have been around for many years, decades even and have users counts into 6 figures. They've remained non-corporate but never managed to reach mainstream popularity like Couchsurfing.com did.

What are you hoping to achieve by launching another hospitality sharing site that the other established non-profit sites couldn't?
by dragonwriter | 2025-07-02 21:53:16+00:00
> >I don’t disagree with the characterization of ICE officers as racist thugs

> 50% of Border Patrol agents are Latino.

Even if that was true, and relevant to their capacity to be racist thugs, Border Patrol is a unit of Customs and Border Protection (CBP)—and CBP is a different entity from ICE, at the same organizational level within the Department of Homeland Security—so it would still be a non-sequitur.
by piker | 2025-07-02 21:53:20+00:00
Okay, those are good points, but I don't think the statement is meaningless. China, as I think most understand, deliberately pumped RMB into the market in a manner that made its resources available to foreign markets by trading a capital account deficit for a trade surplus. It's literally the first thing discussed in the RMB wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renminbi.
by nickff | 2025-07-02 21:53:24+00:00
The USA had abandoned the prior deal some time ago, and was not party to any current agreement which authorized any Iranian nuclear activities. Thus Iran was neither in compliance or abeyance of any agreement with them.

Iran has not earned much trust with anyone either; they’ve been supporting the Russian aggression in Ukraine (where nuclear strikes have been repeatedly threatened), as well as sponsoring non-state actors which have attacked the USA and Israel.
by EEBio | 2025-07-02 21:54:12+00:00
It’s intentional and requires quite a lot of focus.

The original paper [0] mentions electrodes are placed over Broca’s area (speech production, translates words to mouth movements) and motor area (adjusts the mouth movements). It’s attempted speech, not thoughts.

There is a lot of fear in mainstream media and populace of devices decoding thoughts, but that is a significantly harder problem, at this moment on the level of sci-fi of Civilisation Type II on Kardashev scale. There is a reason why the electrodes are not over Wernicke’s area instead (language comprehension and production).

0: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06377-x
by ajmurmann | 2025-07-02 21:54:39+00:00
That's not at all what I've seen in the US. The middle class has shrunk but that part of the overall population has moved to upper income.

Meanwhile, real (aka inflation corrected) median household income has gone up: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MEHOINUSA672N

If what you care about is standing real wages why talk about inequality? I'm concerned that it just functions better as rage bait and leads to unproductive policies.
by stackskipton | 2025-07-02 21:55:26+00:00
Since you mention no network endpoint, I assume it's on a single server. If so, have you considered SQLite? Assuming your cache is not massive, the file is likely to end up in Filesystem cache so most of reads will come from memory and writes on modern SSD will be fine as well.

It's easy to understand system with well battle tested library and getting rid of cache is easy, delete the file.

EDIT: I will say for most use cases, the database cache is probably plenty. Don't add power until you really need it.
by lpandong | 2025-07-02 21:56:20+00:00
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by JumpCrisscross | 2025-07-02 21:57:12+00:00
> that's exactly how U-3 is used by everyone but the labor economists that define it

No, it’s not. Enterprise demand planning, market research, hell even political analysis for donors and politicians——everyone who has a use for the data knows how to use them.

If you want to see the contrast in treatment, compare the Financial Times and Wall Street Journal publications versus free media, e.g. CNBC or TV news.
Ask HN: How to Transition from Soft Eng to Sales Engineer or Account Executive?
by pedrodelfino | 2025-07-02 21:57:13+00:00
I'm a 32-year-old software engineer currently living in Toronto, Canada (Permanent Resident, on track to become a citizen next year). I've worked for startups for most of my career, starting when I was 20 (co-founded one when I was 20). Currently, I am working remotely for a Bay Area startup.

My background is a bit unusual: I studied law and applied math, which has proven to be surprisingly helpful in both technical and business contexts.

I'm considering a transition into either Sales Engineering or Account Executive roles in the medium term. Why?

I still like technical work, but I'm increasingly drawn to more people-facing, product-driven roles.

I’ve often found myself the engineer who can make compelling demos, pitch ideas to clients, and explain complex systems clearly — and I enjoy doing it.

I have a knack for networking, public speaking, and presenting — areas where many engineers struggle.

I believe I might have a better chance becoming top 1% in sales engineering than in pure engineering, especially as I get older.

There's also a practical aspect: compensation and reduced AI disruption risk.

Some additional context:

I’m fluent in English (not a native speaker, but have worked in English environments for years). I am a native speaker of Portuguese. I can communicate in Italian and in Spanish.

I have a strong interest in functional programming (bias from my applied math side).

Once I become a Canadian citizen, I’ll be eligible for the TN-1 visa to work in the US. Great visa path. Just need to show job offer at the airport.

What’s the best way to make this kind of transition?

Should I target smaller startups or larger companies with formal programs?

Is it better to aim for Sales Engineer or Account Executive roles first?

What kind of resume tweaks, side projects, or networking approaches would you recommend?

Would love to hear from anyone who made a similar transition or has hired for these roles.
by KoolKat23 | 2025-07-02 21:57:47+00:00
Your job is not artificially expensive.

In China it is naturally cheap, they have humongous super advanced vertical and horizontal supply chains at their doorstep.

Need plentiful, cheap three phase electricity? - check. Need some obscure part at scale and immediately?- check. Need advanced engineering? - check. etc. etc.

It's at the point where for many industries the risk/reward just do not make any sense at all (it'll just be loss making no matter how you spin it, government supports etc).
by calebjosue | 2025-07-02 21:58:00+00:00
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by aaroninsf | 2025-07-02 21:58:10+00:00
TLDR:

“The analysis also showed that brown rice contained more arsenic than white rice.”

“…the levels varied depending on where the rice was grown. The highest concentrations were found in arborio rice from Italy and white and brown rices from the southeastern United States.

Sushi, jasmine and other types of white rice from California, as well as jasmine rice from Thailand and basmati rice from India, had the lowest levels.”

No mention in the article of whether there are differences in conventional and organic products (I would imagine not, if this is a groundwater problem?).

Also of note:

"Though the findings were not published in a peer-reviewed journal, they jibe with past research, said Dojin Ryu, a professor of food toxicology at the University of Missouri. Rice and rice products are typically the most concentrated food sources of inorganic arsenic, according to the F.D.A."