MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by greyblake | 2025-07-30 06:47:42+00:00
## What is nutype?

*nutype* is a procedural macro that adds sanitization and validation to newtypes, ensuring that values always meet your defined constraints.

## What’s new in v0.6.2

* *\[FEATURE]* Added `derive_unsafe(..)` for deriving arbitrary traits (requires enabling the `derive_unsafe` feature). * *\[FIX]* Upgraded Rust edition: *2021 → 2024*. * *\[FIX]* Improved error messages for `len_char_max` and `len_char_min`—they’re now clearer and easier to interpret.

## About `derive_unsafe`

With `derive_unsafe(..)`, you can now derive *any trait*, including third-party ones that nutype doesn’t recognize.

Unlike the safe `derive(..)`, this skips nutype’s internal checks. That means *you can accidentally break your validations at runtime*—for example, by enabling mutation via `DerefMut`.

To use this feature, add the `derive_unsafe` flag.

*Cautionary example:*

```rust use derive_more::{Deref, DerefMut}; use nutype::nutype;

#[nutype( derive(Debug, AsRef), derive_unsafe(Deref, DerefMut), validate(greater_or_equal = 0.0, less_or_equal = 2.0) )] struct LlmTemperature(f64);

fn main() { let mut temperature = LlmTemperature::try_new(1.5).unwrap();

// This is exactly what you shouldn't do! *temperature = 2.5; // Validation rule? Violated. assert_eq!(temperature.as_ref(), &2.5);

} ```

*TL;DR:* `derive_unsafe` gives you freedom—but with that comes full responsibility. Use wisely.
by anthk | 2025-07-30 06:48:30+00:00
I have different opinions. Try my NUC. Reinstall Windows 10 on it; you won't get audio support unless you get especial audio drivers from a shady download URL (usually used from pirating services) linked from the OEM vendors. Windows Update won't help. Neither SDI Tool Origin.

GNU/Linux works, HDMI output et all.
by CranberryDefuse | 2025-07-30 06:49:25+00:00
In 2021, Samsung introduced a feature called Moon Mode that, without the user's knowledge, substituted an artificial intelligence image of the moon for a moon photo.

Moon-gate: Samsung fans are mad about AI-processed photos of the moon : https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/03/samsung-says-it-adds...)
by johnnyanmac | 2025-07-30 06:50:42+00:00
>If they come up with an answer they're 99% confident in, by some stochastic stumbling through their weights, what are they supposed to do?

As much as Fi, from The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword was mocked for this, this is the exact behavior a machine should do (not that Fi is a machine, but she operated as such).

Give a confidence score the way we do in statistics, make sure to offer sources, and be ready to push back on more objective answers. accomplish those and I'd be way more comfortable using them as a tool.

>hat's part of the risk of using these systems and that's why you need to be careful how you use them.

Adn we know in 2025 how careful the general user is of consuming bias and propaganda, right?
by franky47 | 2025-07-30 06:50:46+00:00
> Still the boilerplate makes me wonder if it belongs in a library, eg. a React hook that’s a drop in replacement for `useState`

That’s exactly what `nuqs` does (disclaimer: I’m the author).

> Backend logic would still need to be implemented

Assuming your backend is written in TypeScript, you can use nuqs loaders to reuse the same validation logic on both sides.

https://nuqs.47ng.com
by meatmanek | 2025-07-30 06:50:48+00:00
> Full-frame lenses tend to be markedly bigger for equivalent quality compared to, say, APS-C lenses.

Only if you define quality as field of view.

For light-gathering ability and background separation/bokeh, you need a lower f/number on APS-C than on full-frame to be equivalent: A 35mm f/1.2 lens on a 24MP APS-C sensor will take pictures that look nearly identical to a 52.5mm f/1.8 lens on a 24MP full-frame sensor. (Assuming crop factor of 1.5.) Both will have an aperture size of 29.17mm (= 35mm/1.2 = 52.5mm/1.8), will capture a 37.9° x 25.8° FoV.

Almost all important properties of lenses are determined by field of view and the aperture diameter: Amount of light gathered, background blur, diffraction, and weight.

The illumination-per-area on the full-frame sensor will be 2.25x lower, but the area of the sensor is 2.25x larger so it cancels out such that both sensors will receive the same number of photons.

Background blur is determined by aperture diameter, field of view, and the distances to the subject and background. Since the two lenses have the same aperture size and field of view, you'd get the same amount of background blur for a given scene.

For many lenses (particularly telephoto lenses), the size and weight are primarily determined by the size of the front element, which needs to be at least as big as the aperture. For wide-angle lenses, you start needing a front element that's significantly wider than your aperture for geometry reasons -- the subject has to be able to see the aperture through the front element, so that relationship breaks down.

(Also with lenses where focal length << flange distance, you start to need extra optics to project the image back far enough. This can mean that a wide-angle lens can be more complicated to build for APS-C than for full-frame on the same mount. Take for example the Rokinon 16mm f/2 at 710g / 87mm long versus the Nikon AF-D 24mm f/2.8 at 268g and 46mm long. This isn't relevant to phone cameras, since those don't need to fit a moving mirror between the sensor and the lens like SLRs do. Phone camera makers can put the lens exactly as far from the sensor as makes sense for their design.)

Slow telephoto lenses for DSLRs are pretty much the only place where crop sensors have an advantage. DSLR autofocus sensors generally need f/5.6 or better. Thus, for a given field of view, you need a bigger aperture + front element for the full-frame lens than the "equivalent" crop-sensor lens -- e.g. a 300 f/5.6 with its 53.6mm front element is going to be heavier than a 200 f/5.6 with its 35.7mm front element. However, as mentioned above, the 300 f/5.6 on a full-frame camera will gather 2.25x as much light as the 200/5.6 on the APS-C sensor. Mirrorless cameras can typically autofocus with smaller relative apertures. This is why you see Sony selling an f/8 zoom and Canon selling f/11 primes for their mirrorless mounts -- this sort of lens just wasn't possible on DSLRs. On mirrorless, you could have a 300 f/8.4 full-frame lens that would be truly equivalent to the 200mm f/5.6 APS-C lens.
by Twisell | 2025-07-30 06:52:51+00:00
Every hardware have it's limitations, my DSLR don't fit in my pocket for instance. But that wouldn't be a fair point when comparing photo quality against a smartphone.

Comparing quality with non equivalent focal lengths is as pertinent as to mount a fisheye on the DSLR (because you can!) and then claim that the smartphone have less distortion.
by aredox | 2025-07-30 06:52:57+00:00
You already have that, and it's called the FED.

The CIA has more oversight than the FED, through the "gang of eight" and the Congress' OCA.

The problem with the CIA is deeper than the CIA and is related to Americans' widespread contempt of anything outside their borders - a disdain completely shared by their own cruel, uninformed, egoistical electorate.
by bayindirh | 2025-07-30 06:53:11+00:00
I'll kindly disagree with you. Like the other commenter, I'm on a 27" HP business monitor comes with color calibration certificate, and the differences are very visible. Moreover, I'm taking photos as a hobby for some time.

The angle, different focal lengths doesn't matter in rendering of the images. The issue is, cameras on phones are not for taking a photo of what you see, but a way to share your life, and sharing your life in a more glamorous way is to get liked around people. Moreover, we want to be liked as human beings, it's in our nature.

So, phone companies driven by both smaller sensors (that thing is way noisier when compared to a full frame sensor) and market pressure to reduce processing needed to be done by end users (because it inconveniences them), started to add more and more complicated post-processing in their cameras.

The result is this very article. People with their natural complications reduced, skin tones boosted on red parts, sharpened but flatter photos, without much perspective correction and sometimes looking very artificial.

Make no mistake, "professional" cameras also post process, but you can both see this processing and turn it off if you want, and the professional cameras corrects what lens fails at, but smartphones, incl. iPhone makes "happy, social media ready" photos by default.

As, again other commenter said, it's not a limitation of the sensor (sans the noise). Sony supplies most of the higher end sensors in the market, and their cameras or other cameras sporting sensors produced by them got the "best color" awards over and over again, and XPeria smartphones comes with professional camera pipelines after that small sensor, so they can take photos like what you see.

I personally prefer iPhone as my smartphone of my choice, but the moment I want to take a photo I want to spend time composing, I ditch default camera app and use Halide, because that thing can bypass Apple's post-processing, and even can apply none if you want.
by skinkestek | 2025-07-30 06:53:26+00:00
> An underrated quality of LLMs as study partner is that you can ask "stupid" questions without fear of embarrassment.

Even more important for me, as someone who did ask questions but less and less over time, is this: with GPTs I no longer have to the see passive-aggressive banner saying

> This question exists for historical reasons, not because it’s a good question."

all the time on other peoples questions, and typically on the best questions with the most useful answers there were.

As much as I have mixed feelings about where AI is heading, I’ll say this: I’m genuinely relieved I don’t need to rely on Stack Overflow anymore.

It is also deeply ironic how stackoverflow alienated a lot of users in the name of inclusion (the Monica case) but all the time they themselves were the ones who really made people like me uncomfortable.
by tobyhinloopen | 2025-07-30 06:54:43+00:00
Your first mistake is using Javascript's Date.

Js Joda is the only datetime library that doesn't make me wanna cry -> https://js-joda.github.io/js-joda/

It is kinda similar to the new Temporal api: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Refe...

Or if you want to live on the edge: https://www.npmjs.com/package/temporal-polyfill

For experiments, I would strongly suggest to look into Temporal API.
by matesz | 2025-07-30 06:54:43+00:00
Is this the thing which makes running database workloads on FaaS infrastructure even more possible? Is anybody using this approach in production actually?

Because to me this seems like an amazing idea and massive potential in savings on compute and memory.

From what I understand, we already can create an unikernel image with some server app and SQLite database file. Then we could put this image on a few vm with firecracker and proxy agent installed via some orchestrator which would allow these images to be run on demand in HA mode in sub 100ms [1].

Note sure how these statistics change when the image grows to 100s MBs and how DB replication would look like, but this would be really nice.

[1] https://unikraft.org/docs/concepts/performance
by EagnaIonat | 2025-07-30 06:56:05+00:00
> Ah, but information is presented by AI in a way that SOUNDS like it makes absolute sense if one doesn't already know it doesn't!

You have a good point, but I think it only applies to when the student wants to be lazy and just wants the answer.

From what I can see of study mode, it is breaking the problem down into pieces. One or more of those pieces could be wrong. But if you are actually using it for studying then those inconsistencies should show up as you try to work your way through the problem.

I've had this exact same scenario trying to learn Godot using ChatGPT. I've probably learnt more from the mistakes it made and talking through why it isn't working.

In the end I believe it's really good study practices that will save the student.
by KempyKolibri | 2025-07-30 06:56:15+00:00
The new(ish) Adobe Project Indigo attempts to rectify some of these - it generally captures pictures in a more SLR-ish manner, even when it outputs HDR. It does RAW capture and has decent control options if you want that.

However, it's a battery hog and can be a bit sluggish to get going, and there are some weird interactions with the built in photos app (if you crop the photo after the fact in the Photos app it pushes all the colour towards purple in the thumbnail, but not in the actual image).

I'm already happy enough with the image quality that I can overlook these flaws, which will hopefully get fixed over time. People should try it to see what they think.
by grodriguez100 | 2025-07-30 06:57:13+00:00
> I actually set a piece of homework "marking" chatGPT, which went well and students seemed to enjoy!

This. This should be done everywhere. It is the best way to let students see first hand that LLM output is useful, but can be (and often is) wrong.

If people really understands that, everything will be better.
by pjmlp | 2025-07-30 06:57:22+00:00
Like this?

"More than 20 programming tools vendors offer some 26 programming languages — including C++, Perl, Python, Java, COBOL, RPG and Haskell — on .NET."

From https://news.microsoft.com/source/2001/10/22/massive-industr...

"The Amsterdam Compiler Kit (ACK) is a retargetable compiler suite and toolchain written by Andrew Tanenbaum and Ceriel Jacobs, since 2005 maintained by David Given.[1] It has frontends for the following programming languages: C, Pascal, Modula-2, Occam, and BASIC."

"Maximum portability is achieved by using an intermediate language using bytecode, called EM. Each language front-end produces EM object files, which are then processed through several generic optimisers before being translated by a back-end into native machine code. "

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_Compiler_Kit

"When IBM i was first released as OS/400, it was split into two layers, the hardware-dependent System Licensed Internal Code (SLIC)[15][1] and the hardware-independent Extended Control Program Facility (XPF).[16][8][33][34] These are divided by a hardware abstraction layer called the Technology Independent Machine Interface (TIMI). Later versions of the operating system gained additional layers, including an AIX compatibility layer named Portable Application Solutions Environment (originally known as the Private Address Space Environment),[5][35] and the Advanced 36 Machine environment which ran System/36 SSP applications in emulation.[1]"

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_i#Technology_Independent_M...

Other examples can be retrieved from annals of history.
by ezst | 2025-07-30 06:58:23+00:00
To me, the "hotdog skin complexion" aspect is a dead giveaway for when a photo was taken on an iPhone. It's so over the top and unrefined that I wonder how not only Apple let it happen, but seemingly entertain it/make it worse over generations of devices? Certainly such photos won't "age well"? And it's not like it has to be this way because of technological limitations, take Pixel photos, for instance, they get their colors much more balanced and faithful.
by mytailorisrich | 2025-07-30 06:58:38+00:00
I don't think it is so much a failure of the government to communicate as a vocal opposition to this law that has focussed on and amplified the maximum penalties and caused fear.

Now, I don't think this is a positive law but it is not armageddon, either, and objectively many reactions do seem overblown. Time will tell.
by aredox | 2025-07-30 06:58:53+00:00
>If his 15-year career at the bureau was coming to an end, he wanted to depart with at least some dignity rather than being marched out the door. By the following afternoon, he had resigned.

Thank you for thinking about yourself first, and helping them tighten their grip on the FBI by making yourself powerless, all in order to protect your ego.
by Barbing | 2025-07-30 06:59:53+00:00
>Thanks all for the replies, we’re hardcoding fixes now

-LLM devcos

Jokes aside, get deep into the domains you know. Or ask to give movie titles based on specific parts of uncommon films. And definitely ask for instructions using specific software tools (“no actually Opus/o3/2.5, that menu isn’t available in this context” etc.).
by encom | 2025-07-30 07:00:17+00:00
>mentioned absolutely nothing

Yes I did, you didn't read a word of my post.

>Firefox's UI barely changed in over a decade.

Blatantly false. Many such cases. https://blog.mozilla.org/en/firefox/fresh-new-look-for-firef...

>irrational excuses

You seem irrationally hostile because I offended your favorite browser.

>best example

The best example is probably their design philosophy which seems to mirror that of Gnome which is, we know what's best for you and you will use our software how we envision because we know better. I didn't keep a list of every Firefox annoyance in preparation of having another pointless internet argument one day, but I mentioned the straw that broke the camels back, and I pointed out how Vivaldi gets UI right.
by johnnyanmac | 2025-07-30 07:00:38+00:00
>So is this really a productivity win or is it just good feels?

Fairly recent study on this: LLM's made developers slightly less productive, but the developers themselves felt more productive with them: https://www.theregister.com/2025/07/11/ai_code_tools_slow_do...

There is definitely this pain point that some people talk about (even in this thread) on how "well at least AI doesn't berate me or reject my answer for bureaucratic reasons". And I find that intriguing in a community like this. Even some extremely techy people (or especially?) just something just want to at best feel respected, or at worst want to have their own notions confirmed by someone they deem to be "smart".

>I don't question the potential of the tech, but I do question the direction that Big Tech may take it, because they're literal repeat offenders at this point.

And that indeed is my biggest reservation here. Even if AI can do great things, I don't trust the incentive models OpenAI has. Instead of potentially being this bastion of knowledge, it may be yet another vector of trying to sell you ads and steal your data. My BOTD is long gone now.
by phtrivier | 2025-07-30 07:01:57+00:00
Thanks for the context, it felt really weird to see such a "rookie" bug on the front page of HN :)

(And I mean "rookie" in the "young an innocent sense" - I vividly remember the day I was asked to displayed timestamped data for IoT devices in both local times of the machine and the user. "Yeah, should take half the day" was my answer. Ooooh to be naive again...)

I suppose the sentiment must be the same as i18n for the USA ("what do you mean there are _other_ languages ? Oh, you mean Spanish ?"), unit systems for Continental Europeans ("what do you mean 'Imperial system' is still a thing ?), and currencies for everyone ("what do you mean 0.1 + 0.2 != 0.3 ?")

It comforts me (a bit) to think that our robot overlords will inherit all this complexity (by virtue of being created by us), and it might make their revolt slightly less effective.
by fuzzfactor | 2025-07-30 07:02:16+00:00
Highly impressive work!

I noticed this which brought a SMB question to mind:

>login doesn't work on winxp, but anonymous access is ok -- remove all accounts from copyparty config for that to work

>win10 onwards does not allow connecting anonymously / without accounts

Is this an intentional limitation in copyparty itself, or maybe just the progressive difference in Windows versions?
by lmpdev | 2025-07-30 07:02:45+00:00
I sell modern Chinese ones

I have to often explain to customers after a certain price point (for me ~$200+ AUD) you have to turn the speed trim pot down for it to be enjoyable at all

Similar to what Gran Turismo 7 players have realised with EV “Vision” Cars - car enjoyment greatly diminishes with speed after a certain point - instead of plateauing

No-name Chinese build quality is actually a lot higher than I’d’ve anticipated though - brushed thick aluminium and even steel chassis are pretty common now
by AuryGlenz | 2025-07-30 07:02:47+00:00
My entire photography career I was incredibly frustrated that there was no good way to change the minimum shutter speed in aperture priority.

Sure, I could go into a menu and change it from the range of 1/60 or a second to 1/200th (or 1/250th, depending on the camera), but that was it. This is on Nikon, btw.

But yeah, give me more options damnit. It’s something that comes up so frequently when shooting that it blows my mind it’s not an option.
by tialaramex | 2025-07-30 07:03:08+00:00
That your mind went to the US Supreme Court, a notoriously non-independent body is symptomatic of how rotten the US was already decades before this.

You need actual independent process. It takes real, sustained effort to create the culture where such processes thrive, where people are proud of their independence and their commitment to an ideal rather than an individual - and if a "populist" tries to assault them you need to actually defend them because they are the whole point of having a government by the people and not "Well these two rich guys decided..."
by godelski | 2025-07-30 07:03:48+00:00
> And often it's tiny stupid things like removing "show image" from the context menu

Are you talking about how they changed "View Image" to "Open Image in New Tab"?

I mean... come on... that is... petty.

There's two easy workarounds if you are really adamant about not having that new tab. 1) copy the link and just paste it in. Ctrl (or cmd)+L to the browser bar and then just paste. Pretty quick thing. I do something similar when pages prevent the opening image and I just pull it from the inspector instead. 2) You can just drag the image onto the tab.

I mean.. I get it. I'm a vim user so who wants to lift your hand and reach for the mouse. But I'm not sure that kind of thing is even a paper cut. Paper cuts draw blood. Making you view an image in a new tab instead of the current one is more like they don't have your favorite color toy. Annoying, but it's not like anything meaningful changed.
by phendrenad2 | 2025-07-30 07:03:55+00:00
This one is weird to me because lots of people claim that they don't get as many windshield bug splats as they used to, and I haven't noticed a difference. I kind of wonder if there's some form of mass misremembering a la the "mandela effect where people have splatted (heh) one or two memorable instances of a bug-covered windshield across their entire childhood's memory range.

Yes, I know there are some "studies" about this, but I find their sampling size and methods basically inconsequential.
by friendzis | 2025-07-30 07:04:00+00:00
LLMs, by design, are peak Duning-Kruegers, which means they can be any good of a study partner for basic introductory lessons and topics. Yet they still require handholding and thorough verification, because LLMs will spit out factually incorrect information with confidence and will fold on correct answers when prodded. Yet the novice does not posses the skill to handhold the LLM. I think there's a word for that, but chadgbt is down for me today.

Furthermore, forgetting curve is a thing and therefore having to piece information together repetitively, preferably in a structured manner, leads to a much better information retention. People love to claim how fast they are "learning" (more like consuming tiktoks) from podcasts at 2x speed and LLMs, but are unable to recite whatever was presented few hours later.

Third, there was a paper circulating even here on HN that showed that use of LLMs literally hinder brain activation.