MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by agentultra | 2025-07-18 15:27:27+00:00
I recently got my basic cruising sailing license. And I also enjoy hacking on low-power, low-end salvaged computers that are repairable with a minimal set of tools and a manual. I'm hoping one day my tech journey will lead me to spending more time aboard and working on projects in this space.

100r and https://screenl.es and dynamicland are huge inspirations.
by Rochus | 2025-07-18 15:27:36+00:00
I can confirm that the referenced article is chapter 6 in De Mol's and Primiero's book, which from my humble point of view is a typical Springer book, far a way in an ivory tower.

May I ask in what respect you find the article/chapter "very good"?

I rather think the author makes a fundamental category error (by comparing a complete operating system with kernel, system calls, process management, file systems, and userland utilities, with a programming language, runtime environment, and object library). Also the assumptions about Unix are wrong; Unix - in it's most incarnations - has a monolithic kernel architecture, a fixed system call interface, a rigid separation between kernel and user space, and (originally) static linking as the primary model. The "composable" aspects Kell emphasizes (pipes, small tools) exist at the userland level, not in the fundamental OS architecture. Further, Unix shared objects (.so files) and dynamic loading mechanisms predate widespread Smalltalk influence; the System V and BSD implementations of dynamic linking were driven by practical memory constraints, not Smalltalk inspiration. And every operating system is a "live system that can be modified while running" to some degree. The chapter reads more like an exercise in pattern matching than serious technical analysis. While academic exploration of conceptual relationships between systems can be valuable, it requires much more rigorous attention to technical details and historical accuracy than Kell provides.
by acjohnson55 | 2025-07-18 15:27:47+00:00
It's very useful any time the input to some system is a stream of events, potentially from a whole bunch of different sources, but you want the output to be a unified relational data model.

I used to work in insurance, and we had a whole bunch of systems of record for different functions of the business -- CRM, policy management, billing, claims, etc. Some were our own tech, many were SaaS. It's great to be able to keep these systems decoupled operationally. That way, you can replace pieces and have your business areas have fairly independent IT stacks.

But many backoffice tasks, like finance, accounting, and servicing need a holistic view of what's going on. It's helpful to ingest all the data into a centralized warehouse, and build up a unified model of the state of the business. A lot of analysts like to write these data transformations in SQL.

Insurance is not a fast-paced business, so we largely ingested the data in structured form. But you can imagine that for faster businesses, like advertising, monitoring, IoT, or trading, the data from the systems of record might be an event stream, rather than a data model. These stream processing databases are designed for this type of situation, where you may want real-time ETL, event-by-event.

EDIT: Also, their website has a use cases section: https://risingwave.com/use-cases/
by cjs_ac | 2025-07-18 15:27:53+00:00
Australia and the UK have their own particular immigration crises. In Australia, overstaying a student visa is the most common way of becoming an illegal immigrant, and so the increased fee is part of a larger suite of reforms designed to reduce this. In the UK, the government wishes to reduce the number of skilled worker visas to deal with a pay compression issue: the average salary for a new graduate in the UK is the same as the minimum wage.

This visa integrity fee seems to be a much blunter instrument.
by landl0rd | 2025-07-18 15:28:18+00:00
So am I, of both "hard" and "soft" drugs. I'm just pointing out the ridiculous approach some people choose to take rather than arguing from principled grounds. It's also a dangerous one: "we shouldn't use state violence against people who use X" is a moral position. "I'm going to spread lies that may lead more people to use dangerous substance X because I want to get high" is a very immoral one.
by mti | 2025-07-18 15:28:23+00:00
There is an even more fundamental reason why FHE cannot realistically be used for arbitrary computation: it is that some computations have much larger asymptomatic complexity on encrypted data compared to plaintext.

A critical example is database search: searching through a database on n elements is normally done in O(log n), but it becomes O(n) when the search key is encrypted. This means that fully homomorphic Google search is fundamentally impractical, although the same cannot be said of fully homomorphic DNN inference.
by haiku2077 | 2025-07-18 15:28:56+00:00
Each 2TB of SSD is like $85, double it if you want local redundancy in your software RAID.

The rest is basically a nice custom PC minus a cool case and a high end GPU. A 9950X is $500, a 2x48GB kit is maybe $200. A few hundo more for a mobo, PSU and basic case.
by SilverBirch | 2025-07-18 15:29:15+00:00
Many years ago now I remember chatting with my senior manager at Intel - he had been getting showered with resources because his team were "the future". At one point he was literally offered a deal of "You can have 10 more people, but they've got to be in Oregon". Essentially they had tonnes of people in Oregon and they didn't really have anything to do and so they were trying to sprinkle them around in to other teams instead of laying them off. Very weird organisation.
by gangstead | 2025-07-18 15:30:15+00:00
My understanding is that under ACA their profit is capped and if they don't pay out they have to issue rebates:

> In the simplest terms, the 80/20 rule requires that insurance companies spend at least 80 percent of the premiums they collect on medical claims, effectively capping their profit margins. If insurers fall under this threshold, they must rebate the difference to policyholders.

Source: https://www.aeaweb.org/research/regulating-health-insurers-a....

So that would mean that the only way to increase the profit is to reduce over head and keep more of the 20% or increase the amount of claims. Paying out less in claims would mean they have to give rebates back to the customers.

As with everything health care related I'm sure it's more complicated than that and I'm missing something. For instance my health care plan is through my employer so everyone pays the same premium and the provider doesn't get to set it based on how healthy each employee is (although certainly the whole group is negotiated when the contract comes up for renewal).
by schlauerfox | 2025-07-18 15:30:31+00:00
I'm not a mainframe programmer, but coming from x86 land I was very curious. I really learned a lot from the IBM Coursera "Intro to Mainframe" since none of my experience really applied it was tough. It had a real shell account to practice with though.

https://www.coursera.org/professional-certificates/ibm-z-mai...

Also the MOSHIX mainframe YouTube channel has a lot of info, and helped me setup HERCULES emulator for my own little mainframe experience.

http://www.hercules-390.org/
by kopecs | 2025-07-18 15:30:36+00:00
Assuming you're referring to Thaler v. Perlmutter, Thaler claimed to the copyright office that the image at issue was "autonomously created by a computer algorithm running on a machine". So the question of "if you claim the LLM did it itself" is settled (shocker, cf. Naruto v. Slater, 888 F.3d 418), but that definitely did not settle "_I_ used the LLM to do it".
by yencabulator | 2025-07-18 15:30:37+00:00
Kendo is "simplified" fencing and point scoring.

Kenjutsu is the older Japanese martial art of fighting with a sword and has a wider selection of techniques, but isn't a sport. Some of the schools do spar, and the end result doesn't look quite like kendo.

I think the biggest difference between HEMA and modern (sparring) kenjutsu is the weapons they practice with, their weight, shape, length and style of use -- matching the random path of history in each region.
by jgon | 2025-07-18 15:30:54+00:00
I believe that at least one of them worked for Meta before they embarked on this journey and I believe that they basically used the big tech money to FIRE. They've been able to them supplement and transition their income with the games and apps they've produced as well as related income from their 100rabbits work, as well as having minimized living expenses and no children. None of this is meant to be judgement or in any way demean the work they currently do, I love all of their stuff. Just trying to answer your question.
by OkayPhysicist | 2025-07-18 15:30:56+00:00
Other animals have vocabulary. Anybody with a pet can easily understand that lots of animals can associate words with objects and actions, and Koko and Alex and all the other examples of talking animals demonstrate that animals can communicate their own wants with words.

The thing that makes humans nearly unique in the animal kingdom is structured language. I don't need separate words for "leopard in the bush", "snake in the bush", "leopard in the tree", and "snake in the tree", because we have grammar rules that allow me to combine the words for "leopard" and "tree" with a distinction of how the leopard relates to the tree.

I say nearly unique, because there is some evidence that whale songs are structured.
by mbrumlow | 2025-07-18 15:30:58+00:00
If you are going to use the inherit argumenT, then why not 14 or 9?

I keep hearing that the human adult brain is still growing and changing until they are 24. It almost makes more sense to raise the age.

Most 18 year olds have not held a job, ran a hose hold, had a kid, managed other people, lives on their own, bought a house, or even own a car. But yes for the sake of “the will inherit” we should allow people with a childlike understanding of the world to sway votes of emotion void of logic.

There is a case of lowering the max age. As they could potentially sway votes for only ultra short term reasons.
by landl0rd | 2025-07-18 15:31:41+00:00
I have a family member who has never been alright due to moderate psychedelic and heavy marijuana use in college. Maybe some people are fine, sure, and maybe this is even a rare outcome, but the denialism bothers me when I personally know that they can, at some unknown rate, turn someone schizophrenic and ruin his life. I wish we could get him treatment but he's not high-grade enough to be involuntarily committed but paranoid schizophrenics who hate and distrust their family don't respond well to "hey we should get you treatment."

I have a friend from college who smoked too much marijuana during lockdown back in India. Thankfully the insanity cleared up after a few weeks to a month clean of it, but not all are so lucky.

The denialism and propaganda campaigns bother me. As pro-legalization as I am, I personally have never and will never use drugs. They are dangerous and unnecessary, and I resent those who would influence others' decisions to do something high-risk and potentially very damaging because they want to get high.
by SkiFire13 | 2025-07-18 15:31:41+00:00
> The times seem sublinear, 10k files is less than 10x 1k files

Two points are not enough to say it's sublinear. It might very well be some constant factor that becomes less and less important the bigger the linear factor becomes.

Or in other words 10000n+C < 10000(n+C)
by silisili | 2025-07-18 15:31:46+00:00
Agreed. Feels like it would be rather wise to figure out a generally agreed upon upper and lower limit, and snip it on both ends.

But we both know that every party will accuse the other of cheating, voter disenfranchisement, possibly even racism, based on how each age bloc votes. Seem's in the US at least, we're probably stuck with what we have.
by joseda-hg | 2025-07-18 15:31:53+00:00
While I'm not an active user, I don't recall seeing much change in say XFCE or in Cinammon for that matter

In this particular regard, options are good to have, depending on how much you value that kind of stability you could even freeze only the DE and let the stuff around it update, which is a lot better than actually being stuck in any insecure OS
by pxc | 2025-07-18 15:32:11+00:00
> Curious why this is downvoted?

Probably people reading the article title without reading the headline, not realizing that that it's not only literally about shouting in movie theaters.

But tbh most commenters/voters on this site are reflexively imperialist, which is not surprising for a forum run by (and for!) capitalists in the imperial core. That's doubtless a big factor as well.
Idea: "codetochat.com"–An AI tool to help developers understand legacy codebases
by tobytee | 2025-07-18 15:32:54+00:00
I'm curious what others think of this idea:

I've been exploring the concept behind codetochat.com—originally intended as an AI-powered tool that helps devs (especially new team members) better understand large or legacy codebases. The goal would be to let users “talk” to the code to get explanations, trace logic paths, ask about dependencies, etc.

This came from pain points I’ve seen repeatedly: onboarding to messy repos, debugging spaghetti logic, or understanding why something was done a certain way. I imagine it being especially helpful in enterprise codebases or long-lived projects.

Curious to hear:

- Has anyone here built or used something like this?

- What features would make it actually useful day to day?

- Is there still a gap here AI could realistically close?

(Also, I happen to own the domain codetochat.com. If anyone is building in this space and is interested, I’d be happy to chat.)
by nayuki | 2025-07-18 15:33:33+00:00
You make a good point there. I found https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/mar/13/toxic-fo... :

> Toilet paper should be considered as a potentially major source of PFAS entering wastewater treatment systems

> The PFAS levels detected are low enough to suggest the chemicals are used in the manufacturing process to prevent paper pulp from sticking to machinery, Thompson said. PFAS are often used as lubricants in the manufacturing process and some of the chemicals are commonly left on or in consumer goods.

> In a statement to WSVN in Florida, a trade group representing the toilet paper industry said no PFAS is added to toilet paper. Thompson said “evidence seems to suggest otherwise” though it may be true that PFAS are not intentionally added.

> Researchers detected six PFAS compounds, with 6:2 diPAP representing the highest levels. The compound has not been robustly studied, but is linked to testicular dysfunction. The study also found PFOA, a highly toxic compound, and 6:2 diPAP can turn into PFOA once in the environment.
by nonameiguess | 2025-07-18 15:33:47+00:00
You don't even really need the testing. Everybody will either benefit or at least not be left worse off from eating high fiber and low saturated fat. Getting a sufficient electrolyte mix is not a real concern for anyone who isn't regularly exerting themselves in high heat and is then only a concern during the exertion. Exercising and sleeping well will give exactly the same benefits regardless of whether you also track VO2 max and sleep quality score.

Early detection of cancer and CVD are great but fairly standard anyway if you just follow recommendations that already exist.
by proberts | 2025-07-18 15:33:50+00:00
Those organizations are "H-1B cap-exempt" organizations that are not subject to the annual H-1B lottery. Cap-exempt organizations include non-profit institutes of higher education, organizations affiliated with these institutes (like hospitals), non-profits primarily engaged in research, and government research organizations, like Fermilab and NASA. If you get a cap-exempt H-1B, you could transfer to another cap-exempt organization but you would not be able to transfer to a cap-subject private for-profit entity although you could get approved for part-time concurrent employment with such an entity.
by JdeBP | 2025-07-18 15:34:09+00:00
Yes and no. We don't really have the equivalent of comp.sources.unix nowadays, which is where the early versions of those occurred, and comp.sources.unix did not take just anything. Rich Salz had rules.

Plus, since I actually took stevie and screen and others from comp.sources.unix and worked on them, and wasn't able to even send my improvements to M. Salz or the original authors at all, from my country, I can attest that contributing improvements had hurdles just as large to overcome back then as there exist now. They're just different.
by unhappy_meaning | 2025-07-18 15:35:06+00:00
Hello Mr. Roberts,

Thank you for doing this, as you know we've probably have seen some crazy news articles and segments of ICE agents arresting people all over the U.S. with some for good and some for wrong reasons. What is your advice or best practice for someone who is "wrongfully" approached by ICE agents but has legal status to be in the U.S.? (whether work visa or green card)

I've read that someone should carry their green card with them or if they have some sort of REAL ID mark on their drivers license it may help.

Thank you again for doing this!
by mattnewton | 2025-07-18 15:35:22+00:00
My read - this administration seems to be betting that behaviors will change slowly enough and America has enough of a draw still that they can extract more concessions, both in the market (with tariffs), and with measures like this in the near term, without a collapse in tourism or middle class consumerism.

They must believe that the long term effects will change slowly enough, or the effects will be concentrated on the poorest, and so they can just ignored as they won't be electorally punished for them.

I disagree with the policies personally but politically I don't know if their calculation is wrong.
by brandonb | 2025-07-18 15:35:42+00:00
Elevated hs-CRP roughly doubles your risk of heart disease. Here's a few things people do to lower it:

* Eat anti-inflammatory foods (e.g., blueberries) or use cooking techniques that produce fewer PAHs (e.g., braising or steaming rather than sauteing or broiling)

* Drink less alcohol

* Medications (e.g., statins and GLP-1s also have anti-inflammatory benefits)
by brailsafe | 2025-07-18 15:35:59+00:00
Yes but that was a temporary response to inflation caused by multiple back to back recessions in that time. Those interest rates eventually cooled off, and salaries caught up.

I met an old timer a few days ago with a beautiful garden, who bought their house in Vancouver, BC for $24,000 in 1972. Checking the tax assessment data now, the land underneath the house is worth $1.6m, while the building is assessed at $40k. Based on recent sales nearby, his property is realistically worth (on the market, maybe with some renos) 100x what he originally borrowed to buy it in absolute dollar amounts, about 20x accounting for inflation, or about 2x a conservative compounding investment. The guy was pleasant to chat with, and sympathized, because he knew his son-in-law who's probably my age won't be able to set up even close to the same sort of shelter without some very high incomes coming in, and he can see the future not looking so great for people in his life.

But that's a modest, old, not that nice detached home. If I were to shoot for a small ~800sq ft 2 bdr condo built in the last 20 years, it would be require $120k down, $20k just in transfer taxes, and $7k a month to service the debt.

Yes, 1980 sucked, money lost a huge amount of value relatively speaking, but what are we talking about here.
by kazinator | 2025-07-18 15:36:04+00:00
At standard temperature and pressure 1 kg of CO2 has a volume of around 500 l.

Exhaled air contains about 4% CO2, so you would have to exhale 12500 l of air to put out 500 l of CO2.

At 0.5 l per exhalation that's 25,000 breaths, which seems rather on the high side: 17 breaths per minute, round the clock.

It seems like a bit of a high estimate; could be true for people who are very physically active during parts of every 24 h period.
by mprovost | 2025-07-18 15:36:10+00:00
The designers of NFS chose to make a distributed system emulate a highly consistent and available system (a hard drive), which was (and is) a reasonable tradeoff. It didn't require every existing tool, such as ls, to deal with things like the server rebooting while listing a directory. (The original NFS protocol is stateless, so clients can survive server reboots.) What does vi do when the server hosting the file you're editing stop responding? None of these tools have that kind of error handling.

I don't know how io_uring solves this - does it return an error if the underlying NFS call times out? How long do you wait for a response before giving up and returning an error?
by anthk | 2025-07-18 15:36:11+00:00
- gopher browser -> gopher://magical.fish as a portal

- HN can be read at gopher://hngopher.com

- irc -> bitlbee.org to chat with anyone, even IRC with TLS itself. Kirc will run on any potato.

- a high end 486 it's needed to play MP3's. Either that or burn your favourites into CD's.

- sc-im+gnuplot/emacs' ses+gnulot

- srln+slrnpull

- telescope/sacc can do gopher fine. gemini can be stalled.

- sfeed+links to read news. Altough gmane.io and gwene.io can relay mail lists and RSS feeds as NNTP groups and then your might slrn will just read all news happily in a 486 (or less).

- translate -> simply translate

- Reuters -> http://neuters.de
by stevenfoster | 2025-07-18 15:36:17+00:00
I try to support writers directly. eg. You can purchase Paul Millerd's Pathless path on his gumroad page and it comes with both the ebook and audiobook: https://pathless.gumroad.com/l/pathlesspath

Tanbooks also sells mp3s of their audiobooks directly on their website. Teresa of Avila's Interior Castle changed my life profoundly for the better. https://tanbooks.com
by SirMaster | 2025-07-18 15:36:24+00:00
I just use Rufus to copy the ISO to the USB stick. And when selecting a W11 ISO, Rufus asks if I want to disable the TMP 2.0 requirement. This works just fine for the latest 24H2 ISO.

https://rufus.ie/pics/screenshot4_en.png

There are other software to help with this too.

https://github.com/builtbybel/Flyby11
by mitchitized | 2025-07-18 15:36:40+00:00
Each use case, which for many is a project-by-project thing, likely determines the right tool for the job.

For new projects, I find Claude Code extremely helpful, as I start out with a business document, a top-level requirements document, and go from there. In the end (and with not a lot of work or time spent) I have a README, implementation plan, high-level architecture, milestones, and oftentimes a swagger spec, pipeline setup and a test harness.

IMHO pointing CC at a folder of a big typescript project is going to waste a ton of compute and tokens, for minimal value. That is not a good use of this tool. I also have a pretty strong opinion that a large, complex typescript codebase is a bad idea for humans too.

Point CC at a python or go repo and it is a whole 'nother experience. Also, starting out is where CC really shines as stated above.

For a big complex typescript repo I would want very specific, targeted help as opposed to agentic big-picture stuff. But that also minimizes the very reason I'd be reaching for help in the first place.