MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by randomint64 | 2025-07-16 06:36:39+00:00
WebAuthn may be one of the most important security technology of the decade. It's a revolution in key management, which may be the hardest part of applied cryptography.

Passkeys enable phishing-resistant and 1-click authentication.

The PRF extension discussed here enables end-to-end encryption of data (with envelope encryption). Think about secure chat backups, double factor disk encryption (password + security key) and much more.

Soon we will be able to sign apps bundle (APKs, IPAs) with hardware security keys.

Great times are ahead for those who care about securing their users' data.
by kalmar | 2025-07-16 06:36:47+00:00
I don't know of it's the reason, but inet_aton[0] and other parsing libraries that match its behaviour will parse 1.1 as 1.0.0.1. I use `ping 1.1` as a quick connectivity test.

[0] https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/inet_aton.3.html#DESCR...
by blitzar | 2025-07-16 06:37:04+00:00
It is an excellent idea - the first useful LLM most in finance have / will interact with is to throw the 1000's of daily reports into a vector database and query against that.

"Whats the consensus in todays research about AAPL?" Out comes a distilled report with clickable links back to the ai slop Goldmans et al sent out this morning.
by pjmlp | 2025-07-16 06:37:14+00:00
Not really, depends from what era as well, even though Windows is more backwards compatible.

Win16 is only supported up to Windows 10.

Win32 did not run in special variations of Windows 8, like Windows RT tablets, where only UWP was supported (guess why they didn't took off).

All Windows versions that descend from Windows NT, also support many architectures, only a few had x86 emulators.

The latest attempt to push Windows on ARM, only started taking off with Arm64EC binaries, which are the Windows version of fat binaries, and the emulator isn't as good as Rosetta.

Finally even Microsoft does indeed drop functions every now and then, even if that is a seldom event.

Then the random exe might appear run, but crash into issues like modern HDPi, new security model,...
Show HN: A free tool to auto-generate product mockups without Photoshop
by curiouspradhyum | 2025-07-16 06:38:03+00:00
Hi HN,

I’m a solo maker and small shop owner, and I built this over a weekend to speed up my workflow.

Most mockup tools felt either too limited or too complex (especially with Photoshop), so I built something simpler. You just place your design once on a mockup (kind of like “training” it), and then it auto-generates new mockups for future designs using the same layout.

Tech-wise: it's built with Next.js and uses Fabric.js for handling drag-and-drop design placement.

It’s free to use, and works well for wall art, apparel, digital prints, or any kind of flat product mockups.

Would love to hear your thoughts, suggestions, or questions!
by skirmish | 2025-07-16 06:38:05+00:00
When I was small I used to think about recent dreams while falling asleep, and then I would sometimes have sequels. One memorable dream was where I was taking a walk in the forest with my friend a giant talking cat, and wolves would start chasing us, and we would run so fast that we would start flying. This dream had 2 or 3 sequels that I remember.
by deepspace | 2025-07-16 06:39:29+00:00
So, basically, they noticed some potential insecurities in the implementation proposed by Google. Instead of negotiating modifications to the spec like adults, they threw their toys out of the stroller and refused to participate.

What a bunch of idiots. They seem to have a completely misguided concept of what a browser is. They still have a 1990s mindset of the browser being a window into the Internet, instead of the universal UI that it has become today.
by pfannkuchen | 2025-07-16 06:39:31+00:00
It’s pretty weird that stories with glaring methodological flaws are just discussed by the public as if they are plausibly correct.

I want a news source that I can trust to vet this sort of thing, but the closest I can get is full of crazed ideologues. But I also don’t want them to call out that it’s wrong. I just want them to pass the information on to me assuming I wouldn’t care to even know that this article exists, why would I care to read what the flaws are, etc
by mattkevan | 2025-07-16 06:40:07+00:00
I’ve been exploring this problem for a while, and have been building something which I think might help solve it.

I’m currently building a browser-based static site generator that produces clean, simple code. But it does more than that.

Alongside the generated HTML, sites also publish their public configuration and source files, meaning they can be viewed in more than just a browser, for example in a CLI or accessibility device.

The client interface is also more than a CMS - you’ll be able to follow other sites, subscribing to updates, and build a network rather like a webring. The idea is to provide human-powered discovery and community tools. The reach may be less than if algorithmic, but it’s designed for genuine connection, not virality.

As the client is smart but sites are simple, sites can be hosted on anything, from the cheapest shared host up.

I’d be happy to talk further if that’s interesting in any way.
by pjmlp | 2025-07-16 06:41:02+00:00
Windows NT has run on multiple architectures since day one with x86/PowerPC/Alpha/MIPS flavours, however x86/AMD64 has won over them.

Trying to add ARM desktop to the mix hasn't indeed been easy, because of backwards compatibility efforts, most folks don't care about Windows ARM laptops.

Pocket PC/Windows CE also had ARM/MIPS variants.
by ars | 2025-07-16 06:41:10+00:00
>> This is an alternative to the concept of instantaneous, or "non-local" action at a distance.

Notice the word "alternative", instantaneous action at a distance is a concept that was suggested at one point in the development of physics and discarded once relativity was figured out. Action at a distance these days is always at the speed of light.

> So, as you acknowledge, zero information about your hand has gone much distance from the earth.

No, not zero. All the gravity from the atoms in my hand is already out there.

> Someone 1000 light years away who could resolve gravitational information into an image with perfect detail wouldn't be able to perceive your hand, you, or anything related.

Correct, they would see the location of the atoms that make up my hand today, as those atoms looked 1000 years ago. (Probably in plants, and water.)

But remember: They do see the gravity from those atoms!!! Meaning the gravitational force my hand exerts, already exists 1000 years away, just in a different shape.

> Because gravity isn't a non-local force.

Are you saying gravity is a local force? Because that's not true.
by lucas_membrane | 2025-07-16 06:42:11+00:00
My recollection, contrary to TFA, is that development of PL/I or PL1 (both names were used) started in 1964 or a bit earlier with the intention of coming up with a replacement for Fortran. I think some referred to it as Fortran V or Fortran VI. IBM introduced PL1 pretty quickly after the it rolled out 360 mainframes, maybe because it might help sell more megabuck hardware, but there were two different compilers that compiled two different versions of the language (a fork that remained a wretched stumbling block for at least 20 or 25 years) into the one for the big mainframes (model 50 or bigger) and one for the economical mid-line mainframes, and none for the model 20. In that period, Gerald Weinberg published some good stuff about PL1, including a strong warning against concurrent processing. There was also a PL1 on Multics that tried to be a little more suited to academia than the IBM versions. In the middle 1980's there was a PL1 subset that ran on PC's. It couldn't do anything that Turbo Pascal couldn't do, but it did it much slower.
by menaerus | 2025-07-16 06:42:43+00:00
Fun presentation, thanks! 72min ingestion time for ~81TB of data is ~1TB/min or ~19GB/s. Distributed or single-node? Shards? I see 50 jobs are used for parallel ingestion, and I wonder how ~19GB/s was achieved since ingestion rates were far below that figure last time I played around with CH performance. Granted, that was some years ago.
by thesuavefactor | 2025-07-16 06:42:53+00:00
It's religion. The church pastor would visit the family if a young couple didn't have children within a year to ask what's up.

That being said: I don't get the discussions in this thread. The world can't sustain billions of people anyway. I think decline in the population is a very good thing to happen.

It's silly to think of it as some sort of insurmountable challenge that should be avoided at all cost.
by fn-mote | 2025-07-16 06:43:09+00:00
I’m not happy with this argument because the Orion comes in two modules. It’s designed to go in SLS but each module separately can be launched by Falcon Heavy.

In view of the launch economics, this argument still doesn’t make sense of SLS.

[1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)
by another_twist | 2025-07-16 06:43:39+00:00
I feel he's a poster child of what happens when you consume too much social media. Blaming immigration for cutting off access to corporate america for Americans ? I really want to know what the numbers are and what they would be if immigration is completely stopped. Hopefully someone will come up with a simulation for this sort of thing so we can put the debate to rest. Its weird that this data-driven guy have no actual data to back up his claim.
by idle_zealot | 2025-07-16 06:43:48+00:00
I know there are plenty of more serious issues people have with Mozilla's direction and focus, but patronizing stuff like this really grinds my gears.

> Which animal best represents your Firefox browsing style? [List of emoji animals]

The marketing/PR trend of speaking to communities as though they're kindergartners is distracting and off-putting. This is the most egregious part but the whole post has a similar tone.

I'll note that I'm not saying outreach should necessarily be professional or devoid of fun/humor. There's just a sterile, saccharine way about Mozilla's community engagement that evokes artificiality.
by madison256 | 2025-07-16 06:47:01+00:00
I learned octal before hex. The Univac 1100/80 was my first machine. It was 36 bit words, and had circuitry to process multiple data sizes; 6, 9, 12, 18 bit. Octal made perfect sense.

http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/univac/1100...

>FIXED-POINT OPERANDS: One 36-bit single precision word. Addition and subtraction can also be performed upon 2-word (72-bit) double precision operands and upon 18-bit half-words and 12-bit third-words; the leftmost bit holds the sign in each case. Moreover, partial words of 6,9, 12, or 18 bits can be transferred into and out of the arithmetic and control registers. The 11 00/80 can also perform decimal addition and subtraction operations on 9-bit bytes, packed 4 to a word.
by graycat | 2025-07-16 06:47:17+00:00
Budget cuts?

Want to get paid, by the US Federal Government, for pursuing science or technology?

From experience, in simple terms, a word: Have the work for and the funding from the US DOD, department of defense, military, for some work they really care about.

This sounds like a joke, but it's 90+% real.

For years early in my career in applied math and computing, far and away the best parts, funding, technically advanced work, growth in expertise, and working conditions were on US military work, e.g.:

(1) The FFT (fast Fourier transform) and power spectral estimation (as in the book by Blackman and Tukey) for analyzing ocean audio, close to parts of the movie The Hunt for Red October. Also, the movie uses magneto hydrodynamics (MHD), and the specialty of the guy I was working for was MHD.

(2) Some optimization using Lagrangian relaxation for nuclear war.

(3) Given many ships at sea, some Red, some Blue, and some Blue submarines, war breaks out, and how long will the ships last, in particular, the Blue submarines? Sounds impossible or nearly so, but in WWII there were some cute derivations on search at sea and some Poisson process math by a guy Koopmans, and I did a little more on the math, in assembler wrote a random number generator starting with an Oak Ridge formula, and wrote some Monte Carlo code for the whole thing -- yes, used the speeds of the ships, their detection radii, and for each Red-Blue pair the probabilities of none die, one dies, the other dies, both die.

Surprisingly, a famous probability prof was flown in for a fast review. His remark was: "No way can your Monte Carlo fathom the huge sample space tree." Well, maybe, but so what?

"After some days, say 5, let X be the number of Blue submarines still alive. Then X is a random variable and is bounded, that is, is >= 0 and <= the finite number at the start. Then the law of large numbers applies, and can do 500 independent and identically distributed sample paths, add, divide by 500, and get the expected value for the 5 days, and each of the (times) days, within a gnats ass nearly all the time." The prof agreed but was offended by the gnats remark!

Sure, it was simple, but maybe not fully too simple -- was liked, passed the review, and helped my wife and I get our Ph.D degrees.

Also the military funding let me sit alone for some days learning PL/I that later, with a tricky feature of PL/I calling back into the stack of routines called but not yet returned, used to save IBM's AI product YES/L1! Ah, military worked again!

Ah, the military may (still) be interested in computer and communications security and reliability, system design and development methodology, system monitoring, and management, and now in AI, drones, etc. A commercial server farm or network doesn't expect to be attacked by long range missiles, but DOD systems have to be robust in a war!

Once I was at the David Taylor Model Basin (big tank of water to tow candidate ship hull designs), and they were seriously interested in the Navier-Stokes equations -- maybe they still are! Uh, do they have good solutions yet?
by thinkingemote | 2025-07-16 06:48:40+00:00
The main thing is a rejection of oneself and the prioritizing of others. For those in the past this was normal, this was life itself. The dwindling number of parents of today may be able to see this. Parents sacrifice their life for their children. That the baby boom happened during a time of great sacrifice (war) is very significant.

For most of us today this is horrific to think about! Our life is ours!

We don't want to give up our freedoms! We don't want to sacrifice our life. I include myself in this. We have made Human Rights about ourselves and our own choices. My body! Our responsibility is for ourselves not others. It's not money nor housing, it's how we think about what life is.

To argue for people to sacrifice their lives is completely insane. But that is what it would take, a kind of insanity in a selfish world. An argument against freedom is insanity in our culture of the self.
by ZYbCRq22HbJ2y7 | 2025-07-16 06:49:11+00:00
It is all relative. A workaholic seems pretty nice when compared to growing up with actual objectively bad parents, workaholics plus: addicts, perpetually drunk, gamblers, in jail, no shows for everything you put time into, competing with you when obtaining basic skills, abusing you for being a kid, etc.

There are plenty worse than that. The storied dramatic fiction parent missing out on a kid's life is much better than what a lot of children have.

Yet, all kids grow up, and the greatest factor determining their overall well-being through life is socioeconomic status, not how many hours a father was present.
by Vektorceraptor | 2025-07-16 06:49:17+00:00
My biggest problem with these new companies is their core philosophy. First, these companies generate their own demand — natural demand for their products rarely exists. Therefore, they act more like sellers than developers. Second, they always follow the same maxim: "What's the next logical step?" This naturally follows from the first premise, because this allows you to ignore everything "real". You are simply bound to logic. They have no "problems" to solve, yet they offer you solutions - simply as a logical consequence of their own logic. Has anyone ever actually asked if coders would use agents if it meant losing their jobs? Thirdly, this naturally brings to light the B2B philosophy. The customer is merely a catalyst that will eventually become superfluous. Fourth, the same excuse and ignorance of the form "(we don't know what we are doing, but) time will tell". What if time tells you "this is bad and you should and could have known better?"
by smcin | 2025-07-16 06:49:54+00:00
In particular I'm trying to demystify the supposed Utah childcare shortage:

I suspect Utah has a very high rate of informal or unlicensed childcare, or exchanges between part-time working mothers, of which Utah has a lot [0]. So again there's much more behind the official stats than a mere headcount of licensed childcare providers.

From Gemini + other article: "In Utah, unlicensed child care providers can care for up to eight [previously six, prior to 2024 HB153] children in their home without needing to be licensed. This means they are not required to have mandatory training, background checks, or undergo safety oversight, which raises concerns about the quality and safety of care provided. Voices for Utah Children says it is the second-highest limit in the nation for unregulated childcare."

[0]: https://universe.byu.edu/2019/01/14/how-utahs-child-care-cha...
Full Stack Web Developer (NextJS, TypeScript, Tailwind)
by felipemuner | 2025-07-16 06:50:01+00:00
Felipe Muner Location: Thailand Remote: Yes — Remote only Willing to Relocate: No Technologies: Next.js / Vercel / AWS, TypeScript, Tailwind CSS / Shadcn/UI / Postgress/Neon/Supabase/Firebase Résumé/CV: https://www.felipemuner.work/felipe-muner-resume.pdf Email: felipe.muner@gmail.com

I’m Felipe — a disciplined, self-starting developer with a user-first mindset. I bring a sharp eye for detail, pixel-perfect UI execution, and a strong commitment to clean, accessible design. I focus on building thoughtful, high-performance web experiences using modern technologies and always keep the end user at the center of every decision.
by jbotz | 2025-07-16 06:50:05+00:00
When you do `python -m pip install` you're going to get a version of pip that has the same idea of what its environment looks like as the python executable, which is what you want, and which isn't guaranteed with the the `pip` executable in your path.

As an aside, I disagree with the `python3` part... the `python3` name is a crutch that it's long past time to discard; if in 2025 just typing `python` gives you a python 2.x executable your workstation needs some serious updating and/or clean-up, and the sooner you find that out, the better.
by Timwi | 2025-07-16 06:50:45+00:00
> everyone I met there is actually trying to do the right thing" - yes! That's true at almost every company that ends up making morally questionable decisions!

The operative word is “trying”. You can “try” to do the right thing but find yourself restricted by various constraints. If an employee actually did the right thing (e.g. publish the weights of all their models, or shed light on how they were trained and on what), they get fired. If the CEO or similarly high-ranking exec actually did the right thing, the company would lose out on profits. So, rationalization is all they can do. “I'm trying to do the right thing, but.” “People don't see the big picture because they're not CEOs and don't understand the constraints.”
by MayeulC | 2025-07-16 06:51:33+00:00
Firefox accepts a bootstrap IP, or uses the system resolver:

> network.trr.bootstrapAddress

> (default: none) by setting this field to the IP address of the host name used in "network.trr.uri", you can bypass using the system native resolver for it. Use this to get the IPs of the cloudflare server: https://dns.google/query?name=mozilla.cloudflare-dns.com

> Starting with Firefox 74 setting the bootstrap address is no longer required in mode 3. Firefox will attempt to use regular DNS in order to get the IP address of the trusted resolver. However, if DNS resolution of the resolver domain fails, setting the bootstrap address is again necessary.

Source: https://wiki.mozilla.org/Trusted_Recursive_Resolver
by tzs | 2025-07-16 06:52:39+00:00
Here's an interesting article from a few days ago on Kerr county's efforts in recent years to address this [1].

They couldn't come up with the money on their own because apparently a lot of the residents are really into wanting to reduce property taxes and government spending:

> An examination of transcripts since 2016 from Kerr County’s governing body, the commissioners court, offers a peek into a small Texas county paralyzed by two competing interests: to make one of the country’s most dangerous region for flash flooding safer and to heed to near constant calls from constituents to reduce property taxes and government waste.

They did apply for a FEMA grant for this, but apparently there was an issue with the application:

> By the next year, officials had sent off its application for a $731,413 grant to FEMA to help bring $976,000 worth of flood warning upgrades, including 10 high water detection systems without flashers, 20 gauges, possible outdoor sirens, and more.

> “The purpose of this project is to provide Kerr County with a flood warning system,” the county wrote in its application. “The System will be utilized for mass notification to citizens about high water levels and flooding conditions throughout Kerr County.”

> But the Texas Division of Emergency Management, which oversees billions of FEMA dollars designed to prevent disasters, denied the application because they didn’t have a current hazard mitigation plan. They resubmitted it, news outlets reported, but by then, priority was given to counties that had suffered damage from Hurricane Harvey.

A great opportunity came in 2021 to deal with this but it was not taken:

> In 2021, Kerr County was awarded a $10.2 million windfall from the American Rescue Plan Act, or ARPA, which Congress passed that same year to support local governments impacted by the pandemic. Cities and counties were given flexibility to use the money on a variety of expenses, including those related to storm-related infrastructure. Corpus Christi, for example, allocated $15 million of its ARPA funding to “rehabilitate and/or replace aging storm water infrastructure.” Waco’s McLennan County spent $868,000 on low water crossings.

> Kerr County did not opt for ARPA to fund flood warning systems despite commissioners discussing such projects nearly two dozen times since 2016. In fact, a survey sent to residents about ARPA spending showed that 42% of the 180 responses wanted to reject the $10 million bonus altogether, largely on political grounds.

> “I’m here to ask this court today to send this money back to the Biden administration, which I consider to be the most criminal treasonous communist government ever to hold the White House,” one resident told commissioners in April 2022, fearing strings were attached to the money.

> “We don't want to be bought by the federal government, thank you very much,” another resident told commissioners. “We'd like the federal government to stay out of Kerr County and their money.”

[1] https://www.texastribune.org/2025/07/10/texas-kerr-county-co...
by trod1234 | 2025-07-16 06:52:58+00:00
Most comprehension is down, and seemingly purposefully so, not on the part of the students but in the effects of the environment the student must participate in.

Waiting for Superman (2010) pretty much covers most of the issues, but can't sufficiently convey the students whose futures were wasted from bad tutelage.

There is an opportunity cost for everything.